Virial estimator for dark energy
  A new estimator of the local density of dark energy is suggested which comes from the virial theorem for non-relativistic gravitating systems embedded in the uniform dark energy background. 
A.D. Chernin, P. Teerikorpi, M.J. Valtonen, V.P. Dolgachev, L.M.   Domozhilova, G.G. Byrd
astro-ph.CO