The cosmological evolution of p-brane networks
  In this paper we derive, directly from the Nambu-Goto action, the relevant components of the acceleration of cosmological featureless $p$-branes, extending previous analysis based on the field theory equations in the thin-brane limit. The component of the acceleration parallel to the velocity is at the core of the velocity-dependent one-scale model for the evolution of $p$-brane networks. We use this model to show that, in a decelerating expanding universe in which the $p$-branes are relevant cosmologically, interactions cannot lead to frustration, except for fine-tuned non-relativistic networks with a dimensionless curvature parameter $k \ll 1$. We discuss the implications of our findings for the cosmological evolution of $p$-brane networks. 
L. Sousa, P. P. Avelino
hep-th astro-ph.CO gr-qc hep-ph