Determination of Carrier-Envelope Phase of Relativistic Few-Cycle Laser   Pulses by Thomson Backscattering Spectroscopy
  A novel method is proposed to determine the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of a relativistic few-cycle laser pulse via the central frequency of the isolated light generated from Thomson backscattering (TBS). We theoretically investigate the generation of a uniform flying mirror when a few-cycle drive pulse with relativistic intensity ($I > 10^{18} {{\rm{W}} \mathord{/   {\vphantom {{\rm{W}} {{\rm{cm}}^{\rm{2}}}}}.   \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {{\rm{cm}}^{\rm{2}}}}$) interacts with a target combined with a thin and a thick foil. The central frequency of the isolated TBS light generated from the flying mirror shows a sensitive dependence on the CEP of the drive pulse. The obtained results are verified by one dimensional particle in cell (1D-PIC) simulations. 
M. Wen, L.L. Jin, H.Y. Wang, Z. Wang, Y.R. Lu, J.E. Chen, and X.Q. Yan
physics.plasm-ph