Flow-induced shear instabilities of cohesive granulates
  In this work we use a multi-scale framework to calculate the fluidization threshold of three-dimensional cohesive granulates under shear forces exerted by a creeping flow. A continuum model of flow through porous media provides an analytical expression for the average drag force on a single grain. The balance equation for the forces and a force propagation model are then used to investigate the effects of porosity and packing structure on the stability of the pile. We obtain a closed-form expression for the instability threshold of a regular packing of mono-disperse frictionless cohesive spherical grains in a planar fracture. Our result quantifies the compound effect of structural (packing orientation and porosity) and dynamical properties of the system on its stability. 
Ilenia Battiato and J\"urgen Vollmer
physics.flu-dyn