Deterministic single-atom excitation via adiabatic passage and Rydberg   blockade
  We propose to use adiabatic rapid passage with a chirped laser pulse in the strong dipole blockade regime to deterministically excite only one Rydberg atom from randomly loaded optical dipole traps or optical lattices. The chirped laser excitation is shown to be insensitive to the random number \textit{N} of the atoms in the traps. Our method overcomes the problem of the $\sqrt {N} $ dependence of the collective Rabi frequency, which was the main obstacle for deterministic single-atom excitation in the ensembles with unknown \textit{N}, and can be applied for single-atom loading of dipole traps and optical lattices. 
I.I. Beterov, D.B. Tretyakov, V.M. Entin, E.A. Yakshina, I.I.   Ryabtsev, C. MacCormick and S. Bergamini
physics.atom-ph cond-mat.quant-gas quant-ph