Back-reactions of dynamo-generated magnetic fields: Torsional   oscillations and variations in meridional circulation
  The periodically varying Lorentz force of the periodic solar magnetic field generated by the solar dynamo can induce two kinds of motions: torsional oscillations and periodic variations in the meridional circulation. Observational evidence now exists for both these kinds of motions. We discuss our ongoing effort in theoretically studying the variations of the meridional circulation. Then we present our theoretical model of torsional oscillations, which addresses the question why these oscillations start before sunspot cycles at latitudes higher than where sunspots are seen. 
Arnab Rai Choudhuri
astro-ph.SR astro-ph.EP