Efficient Error-Correcting Geocoding
  We study the problem of resolving a perhaps misspelled address of a location into geographic coordinates of latitude and longitude. Our data structure solves this problem within a few milliseconds even for misspelled and fragmentary queries. Compared to major geographic search engines such as Google or Bing we achieve results of significantly better quality. 
Christian Jung, Daniel Karch, Sebastian Knopp, Dennis Luxen, and Peter   Sanders
cs.IR cs.DS