Formation of Microcrystalline Structure in Large-Scale Ingots of Ti   Alloy Ti-6Al-4V during the Complex Loading
  A new method of combined loading was developed for manufacturing large - scale ingot of alpha-beta titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V with the diameter of the gauge 120 mm and the length 300 mm. The process includes torsion with simultaneous tensile deformation, followed by a single compression and drawing of the ingot in alpha-beta temperature phase fields. Ingot structure and mechanical property evaluation was performed after deformation and post-deformation heating. The ingots had completely homogeneous macrostructure. The ingot microstructures were alpha plus beta with a mean grain size of d=10 m. There has not been any significant difference in microstructure of central and periphery areas in the cross section of the ingot. 
V. K. Berdin, M. V. Karavaeva, S. K. Kiseleva
cond-mat.mtrl-sci