Cosmological apparent and trapping horizons
  The dynamics of particle, event, and apparent horizons in FLRW space are discussed. The apparent horizon is trapping when the Ricci curvature is positive. This simple criterion coincides with the condition for the Kodama-Hayward apparent horizon temperature to be positive, and also discriminates between timelike and spacelike character of the apparent horizon. We discuss also the entropy of apparent cosmological horizons in extended theories of gravity and we use the generalized 2nd law to discard an exact solution of Brans-Dicke gravity as unphysical. 
Valerio Faraoni (Bishop's University)
gr-qc