Network Congestion Control with Markovian Multipath Routing
  In this paper we consider an integrated model for TCP/IP protocols with multipath routing. The model combines a Network Utility Maximization for rate control based on end-to-end queuing delays, with a Markovian Traffic Equilibrium for routing based on total expected delays. We prove the existence of a unique equilibrium state which is characterized as the solution of an unconstrained strictly convex program. A distributed algorithm for solving this optimization problem is proposed, with a brief discussion of how it can be implemented by adapting the current Internet protocols. 
Roberto Cominetti, Cristobal Guzman
cs.NI cs.SY math.OC