A damage-plasticity model for the dynamic failure of concrete
  A constitutive model based on the combination of damage mechanics and plasticity is developed to analyse concrete structures subjected to dynamic loading. The aim is to obtain a model, which requires input parameters with clear physical meanings. The model should describe the important characteristics of concrete subjected to multiaxial and rate-depending loading. This is achieved by combining an effective stress based plasticity model with an isotropic damage model based on plastic and elastic strain measures. The model response in tension, uni-, bi- and tri-axial compression is compared to experimental results in the literature. 
Peter Grassl, Ulrika Nystrom, Rasmus Rempling and Kent Gylltoft
cond-mat.mtrl-sci