Flat bands with non-trivial topology in three dimensions
  We construct a simple model for electrons in a three-dimensional crystal where a combination of short-range hopping and spin-orbit coupling results in nearly flat bands characterized by a non-trivial Z2 topological index. The flat band is separated from other bands by a bandgap much larger than the bandwidth. We discuss the fate of the many-body ground state of electrons in the flat band in the presence of repulsive interactions at partial filling and conjecture that it may become a three-dimensional fractional topological insulator if conventional magnetic instabilities can be avoided. 
C. Weeks, M. Franz
cond-mat.mes-hall