A 233 km Circumference Tunnel for $e^+$$e^-$, $p$$\bar {p}$, and   $\mu^{+} \mu^{-}$ Colliders
  In 2001 a cost analysis survey was conducted to build a 233km circumference tunnel in northern Illinois in which to build a Very Large Hadron Collider. Ten years later I have reexamined the proposal, taking into consideration the technological advancements in all the aspects of construction cost analysis. I outline the implementations of $e^+ e^-$, $p{\bar{p}}$, and $\mu^+\mu^-$ collider rings in the tunnel using 21${\rm{st}}$ century technology. The $e^+e^-$ collider employs a Crab Waist Crossing, ultra low emittance damped bunches, 12 GV of superconducting RF, and 0.026 Tesla low coercivity grain oriented silicon steel/concrete dipoles. The $p{\bar{p}}$ collider uses the high intensity Fermilab $\bar{p}$ source, exploits high cross sections for $p\bar{p}$ production of high mass states, and uses 2 Tesla ultra low carbon steel/YBCO superconductor magnets run with liquid neon. The $\mu^+\mu^-$ ring ramps the $p{\bar{p}}$ magnets at 8 Hz every 0.4 seconds, uses 250 GV of SRF, and mitigates neutrino radiation with a phase shifting roller coaster FODO lattice. Such colliders could provide the means necessary for Chicago, and more importantly America, to stay relevant and competitive in the international marketplace of particle physics. 
George T. Lyons III (University of Mississippi)
physics.acc-ph