Binary Particle Model of Weak Interactions
  We introduce the new concept of binary particle as the basic matter unit that participates in weak interactions and not any one fermion singly. We state the quantum numbers of this binary particle, and show the concept leads us to a natural explanation of the standard model puzzle of the origin of flavor mixing and the CKM matrix. Certain other puzzles of the standard model such as the absence of flavor changing neutral currents (FCNC), are also explained naturally by the binary particle model. These puzzles are currently thought to be esoteric properties of electro weak interactions that have origins in physics beyond the standard model at some ultra high energy scales. We show that this is not necessarily the case. 
F. N. Ndili
hep-ph