Self-Referential Noise and the Synthesis of Three-Dimensional Space
  Generalising results from Godel and Chaitin in mathematics suggests that self-referential systems contain intrinsic randomness. We argue that this is relevant to modelling the universe and show how three-dimensional space may arise from a non-geometric order-disorder model driven by self-referential noise. 
Reginald T. Cahill, Christopher M. Klinger (Department of Physics,   Flinders University)