Cosmic Star Formation from the Milky Way and its Satellites
  We use observations and evolutionary models of local objects to interpret a recent determination of the star-formation history of the universe. By fitting the global star-formation rate, the model predicts the ratio of spheroid to disk mass of $\sim$1, an intergalactic medium (IGM) whose mass is $\sim$2.3 times the mass in stars, and whose metallicity is $\sim$0.1 Z$_\odot$. 
F. D. A. Hartwick (University of Victoria)