On Observability of Signal over Background
  Several statistics used by physicists to declare the signal observability over the background are compared. It is shown that the frequentist method of testing a precise hypothesis allows one to estimate the power value of criteria with specified level of significance for the considered statistics by Monte Carlo calculations. The application of this approach for the analysis of discovery potential of experiments is discussed. 
S.I. Bityukov (IHEP, Protvino), N.V. Krasnikov (INR, Moscow)