Single-electron-parametron-based logic devices
  We analyze the operation of the wireless single-electron logic family based on single-electron-parametron cells. Parameter margins, energy dissipation, and the error probability are calculated using the orthodox theory of single-electron tunneling. Circuits of this family enable quasi-reversible computation with energy dissipation per bit much lower than the thermal energy, and hence may circumvent one of the main obstacles faced by ultradense three-dimensional integrated digital circuits. 
A. N. Korotkov and K. K. Likharev