Effects of Dissipation on Quantum Phase Slippage in Charge Density Wave   Systems
  We study the effect of the dissipation on the quantum phase slippage via the creation of ``vortex ring'' in charge density wave (CDW) systems. The dissipation is assumed to come from the interaction with the normal electron near and inside of the vortex core. We describe the CDW by extracted macroscopic degrees of freedom, that is, the CDW phase and the radius of the ``vortex ring'', assume the ohmic dissipation, and investigate the effect in the context of semiclassical approximation.   The obtained results are discussed in comparison with experiments. It turns out that the effect of such a dissipation can be neglected in experiments. 
Hiroyuki Miyake, Hiroshi Matsukawa