Estimation of the Mass Outflow Rate From Compact Objects
  Outflows are common in many astrophysical systems which contain black holes and neutron stars. Difference between stellar outflows and outflows from these systems is that the outflows in these systems have to form out of the inflowing material only. The inflowing material can form a hot and dense cloud surrounding the compact object either because of centrifugal barrier or a denser barrier due to pair plasma or pre-heating effects. This barrier behaves like a stellar surface as far as the mass loss is concerned. We estimate the outflow rate from such considerations. These estimated rates roughly match with the rates in real observations as well as those obtained from numerical experiments. 
Sandip K. Chakrabarti (S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences,   Calcutta)