Entanglement of atoms via cold controlled collisions
  We show that by using cold controlled collisions between two atoms one can achieve conditional dynamics in moving trap potentials. We discuss implementing two qubit quantum--gates and efficient creation of highly entangled states of many atoms in optical lattices. 
D. Jaksch, H.-J. Briegel, J.I. Cirac, C. W. Gardiner, and P. Zoller