Probabilistic Quantum Gates between Remote Atoms through Interference of   Optical Frequency Qubits
  We propose a scheme to perform probabilistic quantum gates on remote trapped atom qubits through interference of optical frequency qubits. The method does not require localization of the atoms to the Lamb-Dicke limit, and is not sensitive to interferometer phase instabilities. Such probabilistic gates can be used for scalable quantum computation. 
L.-M. Duan, M. J. Madsen, D. L. Moehring, P. Maunz, R. N. Kohn Jr.,   and C. Monroe