On the relationship between entropy and information
  In this paper, we analyze the relationship between entropy and information in the context of the mixing process of two identical ideal gases. We will argue that entropy has a special information-based feature that is enfolded in the statistical entropy, but the second law does not include it directly. Therefore, in some given processes in thermodynamics where there is no matter and energy interaction between the system and environment, the state of the system may go towards a situation of lower probability to increase observer's information in environment. This is a kind of an information-based interaction in which the total entropy is not constrained by the second law. 
Afshin Shafiee and Majid Karimi