Consequences of niobium doping for the ferromagnetism and microstructure   of anatase Co: TiO2 films
  It is shown that dilute niobium doping has significant effect on the ferromagnetism and microstructure of dilutely cobalt-doped anatase TiO2 films. Epitaxial films of anatase TiO2 with 3% Co, without and with 1% niobium doping were grown by pulsed-laser deposition at 875 C at different oxygen pressures. For growth at 10^{-5} Torr niobium doping suppresses the ferromagnetism, while it enhances the same in films grown at 10^{-4} Torr. High-resolution Z-contrast Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy and Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy show uniform surface segregation of cobalt-rich Ti_{1-x-y}Co_{x}Nb_{y}O_{2-d} phase, but without cobalt metal clusters. 
S. X. Zhang, S. B. Ogale, L. F. Fu, S. Dhar, D. C. Kundaliya, W.   Ramadan, N. D. Browning, T. Venkatesan