A Dirichlet-integral based dual-access collocation-kernel approach to   point-source gravity-field modleing
  Problems in $\mathbb{R}^3$ are addressed where the scalar potential of an associated vector field satisfies Laplace's equation in some unbounded external region and is to be approximated by unknown (point) sources contained in the complimentary subregion. Two specific field geometries are considered: $\mathbb{R}^3$ half-space and the exterior of an $\mathbb{R}^3$ sphere, which are the two standard settings for geophysical and geoexploration gravitational problems. For these geometries it is shown that a new type of kernel space exists, which is labeled a Dirichlet-integral dual-access collocation-kernel space (DIDACKS) and that is well suited for many applications. The DIDACKS examples studied are related to reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces and they have a replicating kernel (as opposed to a reproducing kernel) that has the ubiquitous form of the inverse of the distance between a field point and a corresponding source point. Underpinning this approach are three basic mathematical relationships of general interest. Two of these relationships--corresponding to the two geometries--yield exact closed-form inner products and thus exact linear equation sets for the corresponding point source strengths of various types (i.e., point mass, point dipole and/or point quadrupole sets) at specified source locations. The given field is reconstructed not only in a point collocation sense, but also in a (weighted) field-energy error-minimization sense. 
Alan Rufty