Bending-wave Instability of a Vortex Ring in a Trapped Bose-Einstein   Condensate
  Based on a velocity formula derived by matched asymptotic expansion, we investigate the dynamics of a circular vortex ring in an axisymmetric Bose-Einstein condensate in the Thomas-Fermi limit. The trajectory for an axisymmetrically placed and oriented vortex ring is entirely determined, revealing that the vortex ring generally precesses in condensate. The linear instability due to bending waves is investigated both numerically and analytically. General stability boundaries for various perturbed wavenumbers are computed. In particular, the excitation spectrum and the absolutely stable region for the static ring are analytically determined. 
T.-L. Horng, S.-C. Gou, T.-C. Lin