5-dimensional special relativistic hydrodynamics and cosmology
  5-dimensional special relativity can be considered as the 5-dimensional extension of Carmeli's cosmological special relativity, as well as the flat specialization of 5-d brane world theory. To this framework we add a 5-dimensional perfect fluid stress-energy tensor, and unify the equations of perfect hydrodynamics in a single 5-dimensional tensor conservation law. This picture permits to interpret particle production phenomena as cosmological effects, in the spirit of open system cosmology. The source of particle production vanishes if the fluid is isentropic. Moreover the hydrodynamical equations can be interpreted in terms of a scale factor, giving rise to a set of equations which simulate in a sense Friedmann cosmology. 
Gianluca Gemelli