Intrinsic fluctuations in random lasers
  We present a quantitative experimental and theoretical study of shot-to-shot intensity fluctuations in the emitted light of a random laser. A model that clarifies these intrinsic fluctuations is developed. We describe the output versus input power graphs of the random laser with an effective spontaneous emission factor (beta factor). 
Karen L. van der Molen, Allard P. Mosk and Ad Lagendijk