Statistical Equilibrium of trapped slender vortex filaments - a   continuum model
  Systems of nearly parallel, slender vortex filaments in which angular momentum is conserved are an important simplification of the Navier-Stokes equations where turbulence can be studied in statistical equilibrium. We study the canonical Gibbs distribution based on the Klein-Majda-Damodaran (KMD) model and find a divergence in the mean square vortex position from that of the point vortex model of Onsager at high temperature. We subsequently develop a free energy equation based on the non-interacting case, with a spherical constraint, which we approximate using the method of Kac-Berlin, adding a mean field term for logarithmic interaction. This free energy equation, we use to predict the Monte Carlo results. 
Timothy D. Andersen and Chjan C. Lim