Doping Dependencies of Onset Temperatures for the Pseudogap and   Superconductive Fluctuation in Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8+\delta}$,   Studied from both In-Plane and Out-of-Plane Magnetoresistance Measurements
  To investigate the relationship between the pseudogap and superconductivity, we measured both the in-plane ($\rho_{ab}$) and out-of-plane ($\rho_c$) resistivity for oxygen-controlled Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8+\delta}$ single crystals subject to magnetic fields (parallel to the $c$ axis) of up to 17.5 T. The onset temperature for the superconductive fluctuation, $T_{scf}$, is determined by the large positive in-plane magnetoresistance (MR) and negative out-of-plane MR observed near $T_c$, whereas the pseudogap opening temperature $T^*$ is determined by the semiconductive upturn of the zero-field $\rho_c$. $T_{scf}$ was found to scale roughly as $T_c$, with a decreasing temperature interval between them upon doping. On the other hand, $T^*$ starts out much higher than $T_{scf}$ but decreases monotonically upon doping; finally, at a heavily overdoped state, it is not observed above $T_{scf}$. These results imply that the pseudogap is not a simple precursor of superconductivity, but that further study is needed to determine whether or not $T^*$ exists below $T_{scf}$ in the heavily overdoped state. 
Tomohiro Usui, Daiki Fujiwara, Shintaro Adachi, Hironobu Kudo, Kosuke   Murata, Haruki Kushibiki, Takao Watanabe, Kazutaka K...
cond-mat.supr-con cond-mat.str-el