A probabilistic explanation for the size-effect in crystal plasticity
  In this work, the well known power-law relation between strength and sample size, $d^{-n}$, is derived from the knowledge that a dislocation network exhibits scale-free behaviour and the extreme value statistical properties of an arbitrary distribution of critical stresses. This approach yields $n=(\tau+1)/(\alpha+1)$, where $\alpha$ reflects the leading order algebraic exponent of the low stress regime of the critical stress distribution and $\tau$ is the scaling exponent for intermittent plastic strain activity. This quite general derivation supports the experimental observation that the size effect paradigm is applicable to a wide range of materials, differing in crystal structure, internal microstructure and external sample geometry. 
Peter M. Derlet and Robert Maass
cond-mat.mtrl-sci