Measurement of the Kerr nonlinear refractive index of Cs vapor
  Atomic vapors are systems well suited for nonlinear optics studies but very few direct measurements of their nonlinear refractive index have been reported. Here we use the z-scan technique to measure the Kerr coefficient, $n_2$, for a Cs vapor. Our results are analyzed through a four-level model, and we show that coherence between excited levels as well as cross-population effects contribute to the Kerr-nonlinearity. 
Michelle O. Ara\'ujo, Hugo L. D. de S. Cavalcante, Marcos Ori\'a,   Martine Chevrollier, Thierry Passerat de Silans, Romeu C...
physics.atom-ph physics.optics