Multifluid simulations of the Magnetorotational Instability in   protostellar disks
  Turbulent motion driven by the magnetorotational instability (MRI) is believed to provide an anomalous viscosity strong enough to account for observed accretion rates in protostellar accretion disks. In the first of two papers, we perform large-scale, three fluid simulations of a weakly ionised accretion disk and examine the linear and non-linear development of the MRI in the net-flux and zero net-flux cases. This numerical study is carried out using the multifluid MHD code HYDRA. We examine the role of non-ideal effects, including ambipolar diffusion, the Hall effect, and parallel resistivity, on the non-linear evolution of the MRI in weakly ionised protostellar disks in the region where the Hall effect is believed to dominate.   We find that angular momentum transport, parametrised by the alpha parameter, is enhanced by inclusion of non-ideal effects in the parameter space of the disk model. The case where the angular momentum and magnetic field are anti-parallel is explored and the Hall effect is shown to have a stabilizing influence on the disk in this case. 
Wayne O'Keeffe and Turlough P. Downes
astro-ph.SR