Water softening by single-bowl ion exchange filter efficiency estimate   and improvement
  The article presents results of experimental investigations of the water softener in a laboratory installation of uninterruptible countercurrent ion exchange filter, which has a movable layer of ion exchange material. The installation provides for two simultaneous processes: counter ion sorption and regeneration of the sorbent with the processing capability of the sorbent in the regeneration zone by ultrasonic radiation. 
V.A. Kostygin, G.S. Stolyarenko, G.M. Kochetov, A.M. Tugay, V.N.   Vashchenko
physics.chem-ph physics.ins-det