A note on robust preconditioners for monolithic fluid-structure   interaction systems of finite element equations
  In this note, we consider preconditioned Krylov subspace methods for discrete fluid-structure interaction problems with a nonlinear hyperelastic material model and covering a large range of flows, e.g, water, blood, and air with highly varying density. Based on the complete $LDU$ factorization of the coupled system matrix, the preconditioner is constructed in form of $\hat{L}\hat{D}\hat{U}$, where $\hat{L}$, $\hat{D}$ and $\hat{U}$ are proper approximations to $L$, $D$ and $U$, respectively. The inverse of the corresponding Schur complement is approximated by applying one cycle of a special class of algebraic multigrid methods to the perturbed fluid sub-problem, that is obtained by modifying corresponding entries in the original fluid matrix with an explicitly constructed approximation of the exact perturbation coming from the sparse matrix-matrix multiplications. 
U. Langer and H. Yang
math.NA