Detailed balance in micro- and macrokinetics and   micro-distinguishability of macro-processes
  We develop a general framework for the discussion of detailed balance and analyse its microscopic background. We find that there should be two additions to the well-known $T$- or $PT$-invariance of the microscopic laws of motion:   1. Equilibrium should not spontaneously break the relevant $T$- or $PT$-symmetry.   2. The macroscopic processes should be microscopically distinguishable to guarantee persistence of detailed balance in the model reduction from micro- to macrokinetics.   We briefly discuss examples of the violation of these rules and the corresponding violation of detailed balance. 
A.N. Gorban
cond-mat.stat-mech