Cosine operator and controllability of the wave equation with memory   revisited
  Controllability of the heat equations with memory (of Gurtin-Pipkin type) has been studied using several methods with the following in common: the existing results on controllability of the (memoryless) wave equation are lifted to the equation with memory.   Here we revisit the approach based on operator methods (cosine operators) and we improve the results obtained in a previous paper (L. Pandolfi: "The controllability of the Gurtin-Pipkin equation: a cosine operator approach:, Appl.Math. and Optim. 52, 143-165, 2005. In particular we identify the control time. 
L. Pandolfi
math.OC cs.SY