Black hole formation in $c=1$ String Field Theory
  A suggestion on how black holes may appear in Das-Jevicki Collective field theory is given. We study the behaviour of a `test' particle when energy is sent into the system. A perturbation moving near the potential barrier can create a large-distance black hole geometry where the seeming curvature singularity is at the position of the barrier. In the simplest `static' case the exact $D=2$ black hole metric emerges. 
J. Russo