Qualitative and Quantitative Models of Speech Translation
  This paper compares a qualitative reasoning model of translation with a quantitative statistical model. We consider these models within the context of two hypothetical speech translation systems, starting with a logic-based design and pointing out which of its characteristics are best preserved or eliminated in moving to the second, quantitative design. The quantitative language and translation models are based on relations between lexical heads of phrases. Statistical parameters for structural dependency, lexical transfer, and linear order are used to select a set of implicit relations between words in a source utterance, a corresponding set of relations between target language words, and the most likely translation of the original utterance. 
Hiyan Alshawi (AT&T Bell Laboratories)