Measurement of Galaxy Distances
  Six of the principal galaxy distance indicators are discussed: Cepheid variables, the Tully-Fisher relation, the Dn-sigma relation, Surface Brightness Fluctuations, Brightest Cluster Galaxies, and Type Ia Supernovae. The role they play in peculiar velocity surveys and Hubble constant determination is emphasized. Past, present, and future efforts at constructing catalogs of redshift-independent distances are described. The chapter concludes with a qualitative overview of Malmquist and related biases. 
Jeffrey A. Willick (Stanford University)