Nuclear beams in HERA
  A study has been made of the physics interest and feasibility of experiments with nuclear beams in HERA. It is shown that such experiments widen considerably the horizon for probing QCD compared to that from free nucleon targets. In addition there is some sensitivity to physics beyond the standard model. Hence the option to include circulating nuclear beams in HERA allows a wide range of physics processes to be studied and understood. 
M. Arneodo, A. Bialas, M.W. Krasny, T. Sloan, M. Strikman