Penetration of Josephson vortices and measurement of the c-axis   penetration depth in $Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8+\delta}$: Interplay of   Josephson coupling, surface barrier and defects
  The first penetration field H_{J}(T) of Josephson vortices is measured through the onset of microwave absorption in the locked state, in slightly overdoped $\rm{Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8+\delta}}$ single crystals (T_{c} ~ 84 K). The magnitude of H_{J}(T) is too large to be accounted for by the first thermodynamic critical field H_{c1}(T). We discuss the possibility of a Bean-Livingston barrier, also supported by irreversible behavior upon flux exit, and the role of defects, which relates H_{J}(T) to the c-axis penetration depth $\lambda_{c}(T)$. The temperature dependence of the latter, determined by a cavity perturbation technique and a theoretical estimate of the defect-limited penetration field are used to deduce from H_{J}(T) the absolute value of $\lambda_{c}(0)=(35 \pm 15) \mu m$. 
H.Enriquez, N.Bontemps, A.A.Zhukov, D.V.Shovkun, M.R.Trunin, A.Buzdin,   M.Daumens, and T.Tamegai