Shot Noise in Mesoscopic Quantum Systems
  We examine critically the idea that fractional charges may carry electrical current in a conductor, much as do the normal electrons in a metallic Fermi liquid. We explore a range of issues that have gained the status of indispensability for analyzing conductance and shot noise in fractionally charged systems. For these fundamental transport problems, however, a truly microscopic understanding is not yet in sight. 
M. P. Das and F. Green