Bound States of a Minimally Interacting Spin-0 and Spin-1/2 Constituent   in the Instantaneous Approximation
  Bound-state solutions are obtained numerically in the instantaneous approximation for a spin-0 and spin-1/2 constituent that interact via minimal electrodynamics. To solve the integral equations in momentum space, a method is developed for integrating over the logarithmic singularity in kernels, making it possible to use basis functions that essentially automatically satisfy the boundary conditions. For bound-state solutions that decrease rapidly at small and large values of momentum, accurate solutions are obtained with significantly fewer basis functions when the solution is expanded in terms of these more general basis functions. The presence of a derivative coupling in single-photon exchange complicates the construction of the Bethe-Salpeter equation in the instantaneous approximation and, in the nonrelativistic limit, gives rise to an additional electrostatic potential term that is second order in the coupling constant and decreases as the square of the distance between constituents. 
G. Bruce Mainland