Determination of the complex microwave photoconductance of a single   quantum dot
  A small quantum dot containing approximately 20 electrons is realized in a two-dimensional electron system of an AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure. Conventional transport and microwave spectroscopy reveal the dot's electronic structure. By applying a coherently coupled two-source technique, we are able to determine the complex microwave induced tunnel current. The amplitude of this photoconductance resolves photon-assisted tunneling (PAT) in the non-linear regime through the ground state and an excited state as well. The out-of-phase component (susceptance) allows to study charge relaxation within the quantum dot on a time scale comparable to the microwave beat period. 
H. Qin, F. Simmel, R.H. Blick, J.P. Kotthaus, W. Wegscheider, and M.   Bichler