Growth of a Vortex Mode during Gravitational Collapse Resulting in Type   II Supernova
  We investigate stability of a gravitationally collapsing iron core against non-spherical perturbation. The gravitationally collapsing iron core is approximated by a similarity solution for dynamically collapsing polytropic gas sphere. We find that the similarity solution is unstable against non-spherical perturbations. The perturbation grows in proportion to $ (t - t_0) ^{-\sigma} $ while the the central density increases in proportion to $ (t - t_0) ^{-2} $. The growth rate is $ \sigma = 1/3 + \ell (\gamma - 4/3) $, where $ \gamma $ and $ \ell $ denote the polytropic index and the parameter $ \ell $ of the spherical harmonics, $ Y_{\ell} ^m (\theta, \phi) $, respectively. The growing perturbation is dominated by vortex motion. Thus it excites global convection during the collapse and may contribute to material mixing in a type II supernova. 
Tomoyuki Hanawa and Tomoaki Matsumoto