Analysis of the Type IIn Supernova 1998S: Effects of Circumstellar   Interaction on Observed Spectra
  We present spectral analysis of early observations of the Type IIn supernova 1998S using the general non-local thermodynamic equilibrium atmosphere code \tt PHOENIX}. We model both the underlying supernova spectrum and the overlying circumstellar interaction region and produce spectra in good agreement with observations. The early spectra are well fit by lines produced primarily in the circumstellar region itself, and later spectra are due primarily to the supernova ejecta. Intermediate spectra are affected by both regions. A mass-loss rate of order $\dot M \sim 0.0001-0.001$\msol yr$^{-1}$ is inferred for a wind speed of 100-1000 \kmps. We discuss how future self-consistent models will better clarify the underlying progenitor structure. 
Eric J. Lentz, E. Baron, Peter Lundqvist, David Branch, Peter H.   Hauschildt, Claes Fransson, Peter Garnavich, Nate Bastian...