Charged Particle Fluctuations as a Signal of the Dynamics of Heavy Ion   Processes
  Comparing proposed quantities to analyze charged particle fluctuations in heavy ion experiments we find the dispersion of the charges in a central rapidity box as best suited. Various energies and different nuclear sizes were considered in an explicit Dual-Parton-Model calculation using the DPMJET code. A definite deviation from predictions of recently considered statistical models was obtained. Hence the charged particle fluctuations should provide a clear signal of the dynamics of heavy ion processes. They should allow to directly measure the degree of thermalization in a quantitative way. 
Fritz W. Bopp and Johannes Ranft