Influence of gauge fluctuations on fermion pairing order parameter
  Using a prototype model, we study the influence of gauge fluctuations on fermion pairing order parameter which has the gauge symmetry, and demonstrate that the gauge fluctuations can destroy the long range order of the fermion pairing order parameter, and make it only have short range correlation. If this parameter is a superconducting order parameter, we show that the Meissner effect of the system keeps intact, and the system is in the superconducting state even though the long range order of the superconducting order parameter is destroied by the gauge fluctuations. Our calculations support that the pseudo-gap region of the high Tc cuprate superconductivity is a spin pseudo-gap region rather than an electron pre-paired region. 
Yu-Liang Liu