Morphological Image Analysis of Quantum Motion in Billiards
  Morphological image analysis is applied to the time evolution of the probability distribution of a quantum particle moving in two and three-dimensional billiards. It is shown that the time-averaged Euler characteristic of the probability density provides a well defined quantity to distinguish between classically integrable and non-integrable billiards. In three dimensions the time-averaged mean breadth of the probability density may also be used for this purpose. 
J.S.Kole, K.Michielsen, H. De Raedt