Spatiotemporal fragmentation as a mechanism for different dynamical   modes of behaviour in the solar convection zone
  Recent analyses of the helioseismic observations indicate that the previously observed surface torsional oscillations with periods of about 11 years extend significantly downwards into the solar convective zone. Furthermore, there are indications that the dynamical regimes at the base of the convection zone are different from those observed at the top, having either significantly shorter periods or non-periodic behaviour.   We propose that this behaviour can be explained by the occurrence of {\it spatiotemporal fragmentation}, a crucial feature of which is that such behaviour can be explained solely through nonlinear spatiotemporal dynamics, without requiring separate mechanisms with different time scales at different depths.   We find evidence for this mechanism in the context of a two dimensional axisymmetric mean field dynamo model operating in a spherical shell, with a semi-open outer boundary condition, in which the only nonlinearity is the action of the azimuthal component of the Lorentz force of the dynamo generated magnetic field on the solar angular velocity. 
Eurico Covas, Reza Tavakol and David Moss