ad-nilpotent $\frak b$-ideals in sl(n) having a fixed class of   nilpotence: combinatorics and enumeration
  We study the combinatorics of ad-nilpotent ideals of a Borel subalgebra of $sl(n+1,\Bbb C)$. We provide an inductive method for calculating the class of nilpotence of these ideals and formulas for the number of ideals having a given class of nilpotence. We study the relationships between these results and the combinatorics of Dyck paths, based upon a remarkable bijection between ad-nilpotent ideals and Dyck paths. Finally, we propose a (q,t)-analogue of the Catalan number $C_n$. These (q,t)-Catalan numbers count on the one hand ad-nilpotent ideals with respect to dimension and class of nilpotence, and on the other hand admit interpretations in terms of natural statistics on Dyck paths. 
George E. Andrews (Penn State University), Christian Krattenthaler   (Universit\"at Wien), Luigi Orsina and Paolo Papi (Univ...