Pulsar optical observation with the Very Large Telescope
  Optical data in the V-band gathered with the 8.2m ESO Very Large Telescope (VLT) at the radio interferometric position of PSR 1706-44 are presented. The pulsar is close to a bright star in projection and was not detected. The pulsar magnitude limit must be fainter than V=24.5 for a distance of $\leq$ 2\farcs0 from the bright star. In the outer gap model for an aligned rotor the optical flux should scale with the gamma-ray flux. For pulsars which emit pulsed gamma-rays but are not detected in the optical bands, the synchrotron cutoff frequency for the tertiary photons must be well below the optical frequencies and the magnetic and spin axes may be misaligned. 
A. Ray (1), P. Lundqvist (2), J. Sollerman (2), B. Leibundgut (3), F.   Sutaria (4) ((1) Tata Inst. of Fundamental Research,...