GRB jets inside and outside the star: precursors and cosmological   implications
  After many years of speculation, recent observations have confirmed the association of gamma-ray bursts with core-collapse supernova explosions from massive stars. This association carries with it important consequences. The burst relativistic jet has to propagate through the cold dense stellar material before it reaches the transparency radius and the burst photons are produced. This propagation is likely to affect the initial properties of the jet, shaping it and changing its energy composition. The variability injected at the base of the jet is also likely to be erased by the jet-star interaction. Despite this, GRBs seem to have remarkably predictable properties once the radiative phase sets in, as emphasized by the recent discovery of several tight correlation between spectral, geometric and energetic properties of the jet. In this contribution we discuss the jet interaction with the star, emphasizing its time-dependent properties and the resulting energy distribution. We finally emphasize the surprising predictability of jet and radiation properties outside the star and underline its implication for standardizing the GRB candle. 
D. Lazzati (1), M. Begelman (1), G. Ghirlanda (2), G. Ghisellini (2),   C. Firmani (2) ((1) JILA, U. of Colorado; (2) Oss. A...