Robust "trapping states" in the motion of a trapped ion
  A novel robust mechanism for the generation of "trapping states" is shown to exist in the coupling of a two-level system with an oscillator, which is based on nonlinearities in the laser-induced vibronic coupling. This mechanism is exemplified with an ion confined in the potential well of a trap, where the nonlinearities are due to Franck--Condon type overlap integrals of the laser waves with the ionic centre-of-mass wavefunction. In contrast to the coherent trapping mechanism known from micro-maser theory, this mechanism works also in an incoherent regime operated by noisy lasers and is therefore much more robust against external decoherence effects. These features favour the incoherent regime, in particular for the preparation of highly excited trapping states. 
S. Wallentowitz, W. Vogel, and P.E. Toschek