Ultra low threshold current THz quantum cascade lasers based on buried   strip-waveguides
  THz quantum cascade lasers based on a novel buried cavity geometry are demonstrated by combining double-metal waveguides with proton implantation. Devices are realised with emission at 2.8 THz, displaying ultra low threshold currents of 19 mA at 4K in both pulsed and continuous wave operation. Thanks to the semiconductor material on both sides of the active region and to the narrow width of the top metal strip, the thermal properties of these devices have been greatly improved. A decrease of the thermal resistance by over a factor of two compared to standard ridge double-metal lasers of similar size has been measured. 
S. Dhillon, J. Alton, S. Barbieri, C. Sirtori, A. de Rossi, M.   Calligaro, H. E. Beere, D. Ritchie