Heat Capacity of a Strongly-Interacting Fermi Gas
  We have measured the heat capacity of an optically-trapped, strongly-interacting Fermi gas of atoms. A precise input of energy to the gas is followed by single-parameter thermometry, which determines the empirical temperature parameter $\tilde{T}$ of the gas cloud. Our measurements reveal a clear transition in the heat capacity. The energy and the spatial profile of the gas are computed using a theory of the crossover from Fermi to Bose superfluids at finite temperature. The theory calibrates $\tilde{T}$, yields excellent agreement with the data, and predicts the onset of superfluidity at the observed transition point. 
J. Kinast, A. Turlapov, J. E. Thomas, Qijin Chen, Jelena Stajic, and   K. Levin