Probing the isospin dependence of the in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross   sections with radioactive beams
  Within a transport model we search for potential probes of the isospin dependence of the in-medium nucleon-nucleon (NN) cross sections. Traditional measures of the nuclear stopping power are found sensitive to the magnitude but they are ambiguous for determining the isospin dependence of the in-medium NN cross sections. It is shown that isospin tracers, such as the neutron/proton ratio of free nucleons, at backward rapidities/angles in nuclear reactions induced by radioactive beams in inverse kinematics is a sensitive probe of the isospin dependence of the in-medium NN cross sections. At forward rapidities/angles, on the other hand, they are more sensitive to the density dependence of the symmetry energy. Measurements of the rapidity/angular dependence of the isospin transport in nuclear reactions will enable a better understanding of the isospin dependence of in-medium nuclear effective interactions. 
Bao-An Li, Pawel Danielewicz and William G. Lynch