Quantum Non-Locality in Systems with Open Boundaries: Failure of the   Wigner-Function Formalism
  We shall revisit the conventional treatment of open quantum devices based on the Wigner-Function formalism. Our analysis will show that the artificial spatial separation between device active region and external reservoirs -properly defined within a semiclassical simulation scheme- is intrinsically incompatible with the non-local character of quantum mechanics. More specifically, by means of an exactly-solvable semiconductor model, we shall show that the application of the conventional boundary-condition scheme to the Wigner transport equation may produce highly non-physical results, like thermal injection of coherent state superpositions and boundary-driven negative probability distributions. 
Luigi Genovese, David Taj and Fausto Rossi