Disk-Halo-Disk Circulation and the Evolution of the ISM - 3D HD and MHD   Adaptive Mesh Refinement Simulations
  State of the art models of the ISM use adaptive mesh refinement to capture small scale structures, by refining on the fly those regions of the grid where density and pressure gradients occur, keeping at the same time the existing resolution in the other regions. With this technique it became possible to study the ISM in star-forming galaxies in a global way by following matter circulation between stars and the interstellar gas, and, in particular the energy input by random and clustered supernova explosions, which determine the dynamical and chemical evolution of the ISM, and hence of the galaxy as a whole. In this paper we review the conditions for a self-consistent modelling of the ISM and present the results from the latest developments in the 3D HD/MHD global models of the ISM. Special emphasis is put on the effects of the magnetic field with respect to the volume and mass fractions of the different ISM ``phases'', the relative importance of ram, thermal and magnetic pressures, and whether the field can prevent matter transport from the disk into the halo. The simulations were performed on a grid with a square area of 1 kpc$^{2}$, centered on the solar circle, extending $\pm 10$ kpc perpendicular to the galactic disk with a resolution as high as 1.25 pc. The run time scale was 400 Myr, sufficiently long to avoid memory effects of the initial setup, and to allow for a global dynamical equilibrium to be reached in case of a constant energy input rate. 
M.A. de Avillez (Institut fur Astronomie, Universitat Wien, Austria   and University of Evora, Portugal) and Dieter Breitsch...