Solution of the truncated hyperbolic moment problem
  Let Q(x,y)=0 be an hyperbola in the plane. Given real numbers $\beta \equiv\beta^{2n)}=\{\beta_{ij}\}_{i,j\geq0,i+j\leq2n}$, with $\beta_{00}>0$, the truncated Q-hyperbolic moment problem for \beta entails finding necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a positive Borel measure \mu, supported in Q(x,y)=0, such that $\beta_{ij}=\int y^{i}x^{j} d\mu (0\leq i+j\leq2n)$. We prove that \beta admits a Q-representing measure \mu (as above) if and only if the associated moment matrix $\mathcal{M}(n)(\beta)$ is positive semidefinite, recursively generated, has a column relation Q(X,Y)=0, and the algebraic variety $\mathcal{V}(\beta)$ associated to \beta satisfies $card\mathcal{V}(\beta)\geq\rank\mathcal{M}(n)(\beta)$. In this case, $rank\mathcal{M}(n)\leq2n+1$; if $rank\mathcal{M}(n)\leq2n$, then \beta admits a $rank\mathcal{M}(n)$-atomic (minimal) Q-representing measure; if $rank\mathcal{M}(n)=2n+1$, then \beta admits a Q-representing measure \mu satisfying $2n+1\leqcard supp\mu\leq2n+2$. 
Raul E. Curto and Lawrence A. Fialkow