Self-Sustained Thought Processes in a Dense Associative Network
  Several guiding principles for thought processes are proposed and a neural-network-type model implementing these principles is presented and studied. We suggest to consider thinking within an associative network built-up of overlapping memory states. We consider a homogeneous associative network as biological considerations rule out distinct conjunction units between the information (the memories) stored in the brain. We therefore propose that memory states have a dual functionality: They represent on one side the stored information and serve, on the other side, as the associative links in between the different dynamical states of the network which consists of transient attractors.   We implement these principles within a generalized winners-take-all neural network with sparse coding and an additional coupling to local reservoirs. We show that this network is capable to generate autonomously a self-sustained time-series of memory states which we identify with a thought process. Each memory state is associatively connected with its predecessor.   This system shows several emerging features, it is able (a) to recognize external patterns in a noisy background, (b) to focus attention autonomously and (c) to represent hierarchical memory states with an internal structure. 
Claudius Gros