Axially open nonradiative structures: an example of single-mode   resonator based on the sample holder
  The concept of nonradiative dielectric resonator is generalized in order to include axially open configurations having rotational invariance. The resulting additional nonradiative conditions are established for the different resonance modes on the basis of their azimuthal modal index. An approximate chart of the allowed dielectric and geometrical parameters for the TE011 mode is given. A practical realization of the proposed device based on commercial fused quartz tubes is demonstrated at millimeter wavelengths, together with simple excitation and tuning mechanisms. The observed resonances are characterized in their basic parameters, as well as in the field distribution by means of a finite element method. The predictions of the theoretical analysis are well confirmed, both in the general behaviour and in the expected quality factors. The resulting device, in which the sample holder acts itself as single-mode resonating element, combines an extreme ease of realization with state-of-the-art performances. The general benefits of the proposed open single-mode resonators are finally discussed. 
G. Annino, M. Cassettari, M. Martinelli