Temporal Phylogenetic Networks and Logic Programming
  The concept of a temporal phylogenetic network is a mathematical model of evolution of a family of natural languages. It takes into account the fact that languages can trade their characteristics with each other when linguistic communities are in contact, and also that a contact is only possible when the languages are spoken at the same time. We show how computational methods of answer set programming and constraint logic programming can be used to generate plausible conjectures about contacts between prehistoric linguistic communities, and illustrate our approach by applying it to the evolutionary history of Indo-European languages.   To appear in Theory and Practice of Logic Programming (TPLP). 
Esra Erdem, Vladimir Lifschitz, and Don Ringe