Morphology and Evolution of Simulated and Optical Clusters: A   Comparative Analysis
  We have made a comparative study of morphological evolution in simulated DM halos and X-ray brightness distribution, and in optical clusters. Samples of simulated clusters include star formation with supernovae feedback, radiative cooling, and simulation in the adiabatic limit at three different redshifts, z = 0.0, 0.10, and 0.25. The optical sample contains 208 ACO clusters within redshift, $z \leq 0.25$. Cluster morphology, within 0.5 and 1.0 h$^{-1}$ Mpc from cluster center, is quantified by multiplicity and ellipticity.   We find that the distribution of the dark matter halos in the adiabatic simulation appear to be more elongated than the galaxy clusters. Radiative cooling brings halo shapes in excellent agreement with observed clusters, however, cooling along with feedback mechanism make the halos more flattened.   Our results indicate relatively stronger structural evolution and more clumpy distributions in observed clusters than in the structure of simulated clusters, and slower increase in simulated cluster shapes compared to those in the observed one.   Within $z \leq 0.1$, we notice an interesting agreement in the shapes of clusters obtained from the cooling simulations and observation. We also notice that the different samples of observed clusters differ significantly in morphological evolution with redshift. We highlight a few possibilities responsible for the discrepancy in morphological evolution of simulated and observed clusters. 
Nurur Rahman (1), Janusz Krywult (2), Patrick M. Motl (3), Piotr Flin   (2), Sergei F. Shandarin (1) (1 University of Kansas...