Some comments on the high energy emission from regions of star formation   beyond the galaxy
  Regions that currently are or have been subject to a strong process of star formation are good candidates to be intense gamma-ray and neutrino emitters. They may even perhaps be sites where ultra high energy cosmic rays are produced. Outside the Galaxy, the more powerful sites of star formation are found within very active galaxies such as starbursts (SGs) and Luminous or Ultra-Luminous Infrared Galaxies (LIRGs or ULIRGs). Some general characteristic of these objects are herein reviewed from the point of view of their possible status as high energy emitters. Revised estimations of the high energy gamma-ray yield of Arp 220 are presented. 
Diego F. Torres, Eva Domingo-Santamaria