Spin filling of a quantum dot derived from excited-state spectroscopy
  We study the spin filling of a semiconductor quantum dot using excited-state spectroscopy in a strong magnetic field. The field is oriented in the plane of the two-dimensional electron gas in which the dot is electrostatically defined. By combining the observation of Zeeman splitting with our knowledge of the absolute number of electrons, we are able to determine the ground state spin configuration for one to five electrons occupying the dot. For four electrons, we find a ground state spin configuration with total spin S=1, in agreement with Hund's first rule. The electron g-factor is observed to be independent of magnetic field and electron number. 
L.H. Willems van Beveren, R. Hanson, I.T. Vink, F.H.L. Koppens, L.P.   Kouwenhoven and L.M.K. Vandersypen