Direct Observation of Quadrupolar Excitons in the Heavy-Fermion   Superconductor PrOs$_{4}$Sb$_{12}$
  We report inelastic neutron scattering experiments performed to investigate the low energy magnetic excitations on single crystals of the heavy-fermion superconductor PrOs$_{4}$Sb$_{12}$. The observed excitation clearly softens at a wave vector Q = (1,0,0), which is the same as the modulation vector of the field-induced antiferro-quadrupolar ordering, and its intensity at Q = (1,0,0) is smaller than that around the zone center. This result directly evidences that this excitonic behavior is derived mainly from nonmagnetic quadrupolar interactions. Furthermore, the narrowing of the linewidths of the excitations below the superconducting transition temperature indicates the close connection between the superconductivity and the excitons. 
K. Kuwahara, K. Iwasa, M. Kohgi, K. Kaneko, N. Metoki, S. Raymond,   M.-A. Measson, J. Flouquet, H. Sugawara, Y. Aoki and H....