An empirical test for cellular automaton models of traffic flow
  Based on a detailed microscopic test scenario motivated by recent empirical studies of single-vehicle data, several cellular automaton models for traffic flow are compared. We find three levels of agreement with the empirical data: 1) models that do not reproduce even qualitatively the most important empirical observations,   2) models that are on a macroscopic level in reasonable agreement with the empirics, and 3) models that reproduce the empirical data on a microscopic level as well.   Our results are not only relevant for applications, but also shed new light on the relevant interactions in traffic flow. 
Wolfgang Knospe, Ludger Santen, Andreas Schadschneider, Michael   Schreckenberg