Super-Eddington accretion rates in Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxies
  Using the BH masses deduced from the empirical relation of Kaspi et al. (2000) and assuming that the optical luminosity is provided by the accretion disc, we show that Narrow Line Seyfert Galaxies 1 (NLS1s) accrete at super-Eddington rates, while their luminosity stays of the order of the Eddington limit. We take into account the possibility of a non-viscous energy release in the gravitationally unstable region of the disc. It leads to a smaller accretion rate and to a redder continuum than a standard disc, which agrees better with the observations. The observed bolometric luminosities appear to saturate at a few times the Eddington luminosity for super-Eddington accretion rates, as predicted by slim disc models. The accretion rate stays always of the order of a few M$_{\odot}$/yr, indicating that the growing of the BH is mass supply limited . Since the masses of the BH increases by one order of magnitude in a few 10$^7$ years, it could explain why NLS1s appear to not follow the same BH - bulge relation as other galaxies. NLS1s should thus play an important role in shaping the mass function of local BHs. We discuss the possibility that the masses could be systematically underestimated due to an inclination effect, and we conclude that the accretion rates could thus be strongly overestimated, but only in a small proportion of objects. 
S. Collin (LUTH, Observatoire Paris-Meudon, France), Toshihiro   Kawaguchi (LUTH, and Postdoc Fellow of the Japan Society fo...