Laser acceleration of ion bunches at the front surface of overdense   plasmas
  The acceleration of ions in the interaction of high intensity laser pulses with overdense plasmas is investigated with particle-in-cell simulations. For circular polarization of the laser pulses, high-density ion bunches moving into the plasma are generated at the laser-plasma interaction surface. A simple analytical model accounts for the numerical observations and provides scaling laws for the ion bunch energy and generation time as a function of pulse intensity and plasma density. 
Andrea Macchi, Federica Cattani, Tatiana V. Liseykina, Fulvio Cornolti