The Equilibrium Dynamics of Thermostatic End-use Load Diversity as a   Function of Demand
  A recently developed state-of-the-art agent-based simulation of power distribution systems is capable of modeling the thermal and demand response behavior of many thousands of thermostatic end-use loads. It computes the total power consumed by electric power customers when responding to real-time prices. Investigation of the initialization transients has led to a more precise understanding of the relationship between the end-use state probability of thermostatic loads, end-use demand, and load diversity. 
David P. Chassin, Joel M. Malard