Karhunen-Loeve analysis of complex spatio-temporal dynamics of   thin-films optical system
  Application of Karhunen-Loeve decomposition (KLD, or singular value decomposition) is presented for analysis of the spatio-temporal dynamics of wide-aperture vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL), considered as a thin-layer system. KLD technique enables to extract a set of dominant components from complex dynamics of system under study and separate them from noise and inessential underlying dynamical behavior. Properties of KLD spectrum and structure of its main components are studied for different regimes of VCSEL. Along with the analysis of VCSEL, a brief survey of KLD method and its usage for theoretical and experimental description of nonlinear dynamical systems is presented. 
M. U. Karelin, P. V. Paulau, I. V. Babushkin