Percolation Properties of Nearby Large-Scale Structures: Every Galaxy   has a Neighbour
  The distribution of nearby (cz < 7500 km/s) galaxies has been explored by minimal spanning trees; allowance has been made for the drastic decrease of data with distance. The investigation finds that all galaxies are members of irregular elongated large-scale structures; there are no `field galaxies'. Based on our local large-scale structure, every galaxy appears to have a neighbouring galaxy within <100 km/s (1.4 h_{70}^{-1} Mpc) of redshift space, and thereby all galaxies are found to lie in filaments or tree configurations.   Every large-scale structure appears to have a neighbouring large-scale structure within <700 km/s (10 h_{70}^{-1} Mpc), such that large-scale structures interconnect to form a continuous labyrinth. 
Anthony Fairall, D. Turner, M.L. Pretorius, M. Wiehahn, V. McBride, G.   de Vaux, P.A. Woudt (UCT, Cape Town)