Estimating Mass of Sigma-Meson and Study on Application of the Linear   Sigma-Model
  Whether the $\sigma-meson$ ($f_0(600)$) exists as a real particle is a long-standing problem in both particle physics and nuclear physics. In this work, we analyze the deuteron binding energy in the linear $\sigma$ model and by fitting the data, we are able to determine the range of $m_{\sigma}$ and also investigate applicability of the linear $\sigma$ model for the interaction between hadrons in the energy region of MeV's. Our result shows that the best fit to the data of the deuteron binding energy and other experimental data about deuteron advocates a narrow range for the $\sigma-$meson mass as $520\leq m_{\sigma}\leq 580$ MeV and the concrete values depend on the input parameters such as the couplings. Inversely fitting the experimental data, our results set constraints on the couplings. The other relevant phenomenological parameters in the model are simultaneously obtained. 
Yi-Bing Ding, Xin Li, Xue-Qian Li, Xiang Liu, Hong Shen, Peng-Nian   Shen, Guo-Li Wang and Xiao-Qiang Zeng