Determination of the stiffness of the nuclear symmetry energy from   isospin diffusion
  With an isospin- and momentum-dependent transport model, we find that the degree of isospin diffusion in heavy ion collisions at intermediate energies is affected by both the stiffness of the nuclear symmetry energy and the momentum dependence of the nucleon potential. Using a momentum dependence derived from the Gogny effective interaction, recent experimental data from NSCL/MSU on isospin diffusion are shown to be consistent with a nuclear symmetry energy given by $E_{\text{sym}}(\rho)\approx 31.6(\rho /\rho_{0})^{1.05} $ at subnormal densities. This leads to a significantly constrained value of about -550 MeV for the isospin-dependent part of the isobaric incompressibility of isospin asymmetric nuclear matter. 
Lie-Wen Chen, Che Ming Ko, and Bao-An Li