Nature of Well-Screened State in Hard X-ray Mn 2$p$ Core-Level   Photoemission of La$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$MnO$_3$ Films
  Using hard x-ray (HX ; $h\nu$ = 5.95 keV) synchrotron photoemission spectroscopy (PES), we study the intrinsic electronic structure of La$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$MnO$_3$ (LSMO) thin films. Comparison of Mn 2$p$ core-levels with Soft x-ray (SX ; $h\nu$ $\sim$ 1000 eV) -PES shows a clear additional well-screened feature only in HX-PES. Take-off-angle dependent data indicate its bulk ($\ge$ 20 {\AA}) character. The doping and temperature dependence track the ferromagnetism and metallicity of the LSMO series. Cluster model calculations including charge transfer from doping induced states show good agreement, confirming this picture of bulk properties reflected in Mn 2$p$ core-levels using HX-PES. 
K. Horiba, M. Taguchi, A. Chainani, Y. Takata, E. Ikenaga, H.   Namatame, M. Taniguchi, M. Awaji, A. Takeuchi, D. Miwa, Y. N...