Towards exploring $U_{e3}$
  It is emphasized that resolution of the $\theta_{23}$ ambiguity is important for determination of $\theta_{13}$ if $\sin^22\theta_{23}<1$, and resolution of the sgn($\Delta m^2_{31}$) ambiguity is important for determination of the CP phase $\delta$. I discuss the prospects of resolution of the $\theta_{23}$ ambiguity etc. in the future long baseline experiment after the JPARC experiment measures the oscillation probabilities $P(\nu_\mu\to\nu_e)$ and $P(\bar{\nu}_\mu\to\bar{\nu}_e)$ at $|\Delta m^2_{31}|L/4E=\pi/2$. 
Osamu Yasuda