Nano-sculptured thin film thickness variation with incidence angle
  In-situ monitoring and calibration of nano-sculptured thin film thickness is a critical problem due to substrate tilt angle dependent porosity and mass flux. In this letter we present an analytical model for thickness dependence on fabrication parameters for nano-sculptured films. The generality of the model includes universal Gaussian-type flux distribution, non-unity sticking coefficients, variable off-axis sensor location, and substrate tilt. The resulting equation fits well the experimental data. The results can be particularized for films deposited at normal incidence 
Cristina Buzea (Queen's University) and Kevin Robbie (Queen's   University)