Theoretical Modeling of Weakly Lensed Polarized Radio Sources
  In this paper we present the theoretical basis for the modeling of weakly gravitationally lensed extended sources that are polarized. This technique has been used in the past to constrain the mass profiles of galaxies projected against the jet of the quasar 3C9. Since then, work has been done to improve both the measurement and theoretical modeling of the lensing signal, which manifests itself as an alignment breaking between the morphology and the polarization, parametrized as eta-g. To this end, we present the mathematical derivation of the theoretical value of eta-g as well as numerical simulations of expected signals in polarized radio jets. We use the radio jet sources 3C9 and 1253+104 as illustrative examples of the measurement and modeling of the eta-g signal. For 3C9, we present constraints on the parameters of the two intervening lenses and quantify their confidence intervals. One lens has no measured redshift and in this case, we show the dependence of mass and mass-to-light ratio on assumed redshift. 
Christopher R. Burns, Charles C. Dyer, Philipp P. Kronberg and   Hermann-Josef Roser