An analysis of the big-bang theory according to classical physics
  This paper collects a consistent body of information on the observable Universe, from which an estimate of the total mass of the Universe is calculated as a function of the angle whose vertex is at the center of the Universe, and whose extremities stand on the Earth and on the limits of the horizon of visibility. This result leads to an analysis of the dynamics of the Big-Bang, taking into account the limitations imposed by the Schwarzschild radius, $R_S$. Where if $R_0$ is the radius of the incipient Universe when the formation of elementary particles has just finished, the value of the quotient $R_0/R_S$ determines its subsequent evolution. An important conclusion from this concerns the expansion of the Universe; all signs point to its being destined to expand indefinitely. 
R. Alvargonzalez and L. S. Soto