Static and Dynamic Properties of Antiferromagnetic Heisenberg Ladders:   Fermionic versus Bosonic Approaches
  In terms of spinless fermions via the Jordan-Wigner transformation along a snake-like path and spin waves modified so as to restore the sublattice symmetry, we investigate static and dynamic properties of two-leg antiferromagnetic Heisenberg ladders. The specific heat is finely reproduced by the spinless fermions, whereas the magnetic susceptibility is well described by the modified spin waves. The nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate is discussed in detail with particular emphasis on its novel field dependence. 
Hiromitsu Hori and Shoji Yamamoto