Loss cone evolution and particle escape in collapsing magnetic trap   models in solar flares
  Collapsing magnetic traps (CMTs) have been suggested as one possible mechanism responsible for the acceleration of high-energy particles during solar flares. An important question regarding the CMT acceleration mechanism is which particle orbits escape and which are trapped during the time evolution of a CMT. While some models predict the escape of the majority of particle orbits, other more sophisticated CMT models show that, in particular, the highest-energy particles remain trapped at all times. The exact prediction is not straightforward because both the loss cone angle and the particle orbit pitch angle evolve in time in a CMT. Our aim is to gain a better understanding of the conditions leading to either particle orbit escape or trapping in CMTs. 
Solmaz Eradat Oskoui and Thomas Neukirch and Keith James Grady
astro-ph.SR