Electromagnetic Field in de Sitter Expanding Universe:   Majorana--Oppenheimer Formalism, Exact Solutions in non-Static Coordinates
  Tetrad-based generalized complex formalism by Majorana--Oppenheimer is applied to treat electromagnetic field in extending de Sitter Universe in on-static spherically-symmetric coordinates. With the help of Wigner D-functions, we separate angular dependence in the complex vector field E_{j}(t,r)+i B_{j}(t,r) from (t,r)-dependence. The separation parameter arising here instead of frequency \omega in Minkowski space-time is quantized, non-static geometry of the de Sitter model leads to definite dependence of electromagnetic modes on the time variable. Relation of 3-vector complex approach to 10-dimensional Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau formalism is considered. On this base, the electromagnetic waves of magnetic and electric type have been constructed in both approaches. In Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau approach, there are constructed gradient-type solutions in Lorentz gauge. 
O.V. Veko, N.D Vlasii, Yu.A. Sitenko, E.M. Ovsiyuk, V.M. Red'kov
math-ph hep-th math.MP