Ferroic properties of Fe-doped and Cu-doped K0.45Na0.49Li0.06NbO3   ceramics
  Ferroelectric and magnetic properties of Fe-doped K0.45Na0.49Li0.06NbO3 (KNLN) and Cu-doped KNLN ceramics were investigated. Comparing with pure KNLN ceramic, Fe-doped KNLN shows ferromagnetic and ferroelectric properties simultaneously while Cu-doped KNLN shows stronger diamagnetic and ferroelectric properties. The magnetic property in KNLN matrix are believed to be induced by point defects. The ferromagnetism of Fe-doped KNLN can be explained by the F-center exchange mechanism, while the antiferroelectric-like loop and diamagnetism of Cu-doped KNLN was explained by the special defect structure and Cu1+ ion at A site. 
Laijun Liu, Danping Shi, Longlong Fan, Jun Chen, Guizhong Li, Liang   Fang, Brahim Elouadi
cond-mat.mtrl-sci