The energy landscape of a superconducting double dot
  We consider the energetics of a superconducting double dot, comprising two superconducting islands coupled in series via a Josephson junction. The periodicity of the stability diagram is governed by the competition between the charging energy and the superconducting gap, and the stability of each charge state depends upon its parity. We also find that, at finite temperatures, thermodynamic considerations have a significant effect on the stability diagram. 
N. J. Lambert, M. Edwards, A. A. Esmail, F. A. Pollock, B. W. Lovett,   A. J. Ferguson
cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.supr-con