Equivalence of Optical and Electrical Noise Equivalent Power of Hybrid   NbTiN-Al Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors
  We have measured and compared the response of hybrid NbTiN-Al Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs) to changes in bath temperature and illumination by sub-mm radiation. We show that these two stimulants have an equivalent effect on the resonance feature of hybrid MKIDs. We determine an electrical NEP from the measured temperature responsivity, quasiparticle recombination time, superconducting transition temperature and noise spectrum, all of which can be measured in a dark environment. For the two hybrid NbTiN-Al MKIDs studied in detail the electrical NEP is within a factor of two of the optical NEP, which is measured directly using a blackbody source. 
R. M. J. Janssen, A. Endo, P. J. de Visser, T. M. Klapwijk, J. J. A.   Baselmans
physics.ins-det cond-mat.supr-con