A penalization method for calculating the flow beneath travelling water   waves of large amplitude
  A penalization method for a suitable reformulation of the governing equations as a constrained optimization problem provides accurate numerical simulations for large-amplitude travelling water waves in irrotational flows and in flows with constant vorticity. 
Adrian Constantin, Konstantinos Kalimeris and Otmar Scherzer
physics.flu-dyn math-ph math.AP math.MP