Optical integration of a real-valued function by measurement of a Stokes   Parameter
  We experimentally implement an optical algorithm for integration of a real-valued bivariate func- tion. A user-defined function is encoded in the position-dependent phase of one of the polarization components of an optical beam. The integral of this function is retrieved by measuring a Stokes parameter of the polarization. We analyze the performance of the system as an integration device. 
Gabriela Barreto Lemos and Paulo Henrique Souto Ribeiro and Stephen   Walborn
physics.optics quant-ph