Toward Description of $pp$ and $p{\rm C}$ Interactions at High Energies:   Problems of Fritiof-based Models
  How do the models (Fritiof 1.6, Fritiof 7.0, UrQMD 3.3 and Hijing 1.383) describe experimental data of NA61/SHINE and NA49 Collaborations on $pp$ and $p{\rm C}$ interactions at high energies? An answer on this question is given in the paper. It is shown that the UrQMD model does not reproduce the energy dependence of $\pi^-$ meson production in $pp$-interactions; the Fritiof 1.6 and the Fritiof 7.0 models underestimate the meson production on $\sim$ 10 %; the Hijing model overestimates the data on $\sim$ 10 %. A change of a LUND fragmentation function parameter in the Fritiof models 1.6/7.0 allows to describe the data. A decreasing of probabilities of binary processes in the UrQMD model like $p+p\rightarrow N+N'$ and so on, allows one to describe the data, thus a problem of a correct accounting of the processes arises. An increasing of a probability of the single diffraction dissociation in the Hijing model from 35 % to 50 % allows to describe the data, though a spectrum of masses produced in the diffraction is not satisfactory. A description of the diffraction is a problem in all the models. 
V. Uzhinsky
hep-ph hep-ex nucl-ex nucl-th