Anisotropic Boundary Layer Adaptivity of Multi-Element Wings
  Multi-element wings are popular in the aerospace community due to their high lift performance. Turbulent flow simulations of these configurations require very fine mesh spacings especially near the walls, thereby making use of a boundary layer mesh necessary. However, it is difficult to accurately determine the required mesh resolution a priori to the simulations. In this paper we use an anisotropic adaptive meshing approach including adaptive control of elements in the boundary layers and study its effectiveness for two multi-element wing configurations. The results are compared with experimental data as well as nested refinements to show the efficiency of adaptivity driven by error indicators, where superior resolution in wakes and near the tip region through adaptivity are highlighted. 
Kedar C. Chitale, Michel Rasquin, Onkar Sahni, Mark S. Shephard,   Kenneth E. Jansen
physics.flu-dyn math.NA