Lagrangian formulation of Newtonian cosmology
  In this paper, we use the Lagrangian formalism of classical mechanics and some assumptions to obtain cosmological differential equations analogous to Friedmann and Einstein equations, obtained from the theory of general relativity. This method can be used to a universe constituted of incoherent matter, that is, the cosmologic substratum is comprised of dust. 
H. S. Vieira, V. B. Bezerra
physics.gen-ph physics.hist-ph