Detection and optical imaging of induced convection under the action of   static gradient magnetic field in a non-conducting diamagnetic fluid
  The report elaborates for the first time visual observations of induced convections in a non-conducting diamagnetic fluid under the action of static gradient magnetic field in the absence of thermal gradients and the techniques employed to observe and record them. Suspension of Deionized (DI) and double distilled water and Lycopodium pollen grains was used as the fluid in a test tube. Permanent magnets having field strength of 0.12T each were used to provide the static gradient magnetic field. The suspension filled test tube was kept in a room temperature water bath. The convections were visually observed and recorded using travelling microscope attached with a web camera. Various geometrical configurations of magnets in the vicinity of test tube provided different types of magnetic gradient shapes. These gradients were responsible for the occurrence of different types of orientations in the convective flows in the test tube. Convections were observed over a range of fluid volumes from 0.2ml-10ml. The experimentally observed results provide proof of concept that irrespective of the weak interactions of diamagnetic fluids with magnetic fields, these effects can be easily observed and recorded with the use of low tech laboratory equipments. 
Amit R. Morarka
physics.ins-det physics.flu-dyn