Combined Bulk and Surface Radiation Damage Effects at Very High Fluences   in Silicon Detectors: Measurements and TCAD Simulations
  In this work we propose a new combined TCAD radiation damage modelling scheme, featuring both bulk and surface radiation damage effects, for the analysis of silicon detectors aimed at the High Luminosity LHC. In particular, a surface damage model has been developed by introducing the relevant parameters (NOX, NIT) extracted from experimental measurements carried out on p-type substrate test structures after gamma irradiations at doses in the range 10-500 Mrad(Si). An extended bulk model, by considering impact ionization and deep-level cross-sections variation, was included as well. The model has been validated through the comparison of the simulation findings with experimental measurements carried out at very high fluences (2 10^16 1 MeV equivalent n/cm^2) thus fostering the application of this TCAD approach for the design and optimization of the new generation of silicon detectors to be used in future HEP experiments. 
F. Moscatelli, D. Passeri, A. Morozzi, Roberto Mendicino, G.-F. Dalla   Betta, G.M. Bilei
physics.ins-det hep-ex