Short range ordering of heavy element columns in nickel based   superalloys
  To obtain comprehensive performance, heavy elements were added into superalloys for solid solution hardening. In this article, it is found by scanning transmission electron microscope observation that rather than distribute randomly heavy-atom columns prefer to align along <100> and <110> direction and form a short-range ordering with the heavy-element stripes 1-2 nm in length. Due to the strong bonding strength between the refractory elements and Ni atoms, this short-range ordering will be beneficial to the mechanical performances. 
Yushi Luo, Lihui Zhang, Yumei Wang, Binghui Ge, Wei Guo, Jie Zhan,   Jianxin zhang, Jing Zhu
cond-mat.mtrl-sci