On the Electron Agyrotropy during Rapid Asymmetric Magnetic Island   Coalescence in Presence of a Guide Field
  We present an analysis of the properties of the electron velocity distribution during island coalescence in asymmetric reconnection with and without guide field. In a previous study, three main domains were identified, in the case without guide field, as X-, D- and M-regions featuring different reconnection evolutions {Cazzola et al. 2015). These regions are also identified here in the case with guide field. We study the departure from isotropic and gyrotropic behavior by means of different robust detection algorithms proposed in the literature. While in the case without guide field these metrics show an overall agreement, when the guide field is present a discrepancy in the agyrotropy within some relevant regions is observed, such as at the separatrices and inside magnetic islands. Moreover, in light of the new observations from the Multiscale MagnetoSpheric mission, an analysis of the electron velocity phase-space in these domains is presented. 
Emanuele Cazzola, Maria Elena Innocenti, Martin V. Goldman, David L.   Newman, Stefano Markidis, Giovanni Lapenta
physics.space-ph astro-ph.EP physics.plasm-ph