A Factorization Machine Framework for Testing Bigram Embeddings in   Knowledgebase Completion
  Embedding-based Knowledge Base Completion models have so far mostly combined distributed representations of individual entities or relations to compute truth scores of missing links. Facts can however also be represented using pairwise embeddings, i.e. embeddings for pairs of entities and relations. In this paper we explore such bigram embeddings with a flexible Factorization Machine model and several ablations from it. We investigate the relevance of various bigram types on the fb15k237 dataset and find relative improvements compared to a compositional model. 
Johannes Welbl, Guillaume Bouchard, Sebastian Riedel
cs.CL cs.AI cs.NE stat.ML