Compressible Fluids with Maxwell-type equations, the minimal coupling   with electromagnetic field and the Stefan-Boltzmann law
  In this work we have obtained a higher-derivative Lagrangian for a charged fluid coupled with the electromagnetic fluid and the Dirac's constraints analysis was discussed. A set of first-class constraints fixed by noncovariant gauge condition was obtained. The path integral formalism was used to obtain the partition function for the corresponding higher-derivative Hamiltonian and the Faddeev-Popov ansatz was used to construct an effective Lagrangian. Through the partition function, a Stefan-Boltzmann type law was obtained. 
Albert C. R. Mendes, Flavio I. Takakura, Everton M. C. Abreu and Jorge   Ananias Neto
cond-mat.other physics.flu-dyn