Strong Field Molecular Ionization in the Impulsive Limit: Freezing   Vibrations with Short Pulses
  We study strong-field molecular ionization as a function of pulse duration. Experimental measurements of the photoelectron yield for a number of molecules reveal competition between different ionization continua (cationic states) which depends strongly on pulse duration. Surprisingly, in the limit of short pulse duration, we find that a single ionic continuum dominates the yield, whereas multiple continua are produced for longer pulses. Using calculations which take vibrational dynamics into account, we interpret our results in terms of nuclear motion and non-adiabatic dynamics during the ionization process. 
P\'eter S\'andor, Vincent Tagliamonti, Arthur Zhao, Tam\'as Rozgonyi,   Matthias Ruckenbauer, Philipp Marquetand, Thomas Wei...
physics.chem-ph