Evolution of clusters in energetic heavy ion bombarded amorphous   graphite-III: Energy spectra of charged clusters recoiling from Xe+   irradiations
  We report on a novel technique of heavy ion induced surface modification and clustering mechanisms in amorphous graphite using Direct Recoil Spectrometry. The charged clusters emanating as Direct Recoils from 50-150 keV Xe+ irradiated graphite surface are detected in successive energy spectra at large recoil angles. Ion beams irradiated surface is shown to provide an environment of sputtered carbon atoms and clusters. The clustering occurs on the surface where the most stable ones accumulate. The spectra have identified clustering mechanisms operating in amorphous graphite under high fluence irradiations at grazing incidence that are related to the reconstructed surface features. Heavy ion irradiation induces the twin effects of producing a wide range of clusters and simultaneously ejecting these as DRs. 
Bashir Ahmad, Maqsood Ahmad and Shoaib Ahmad
cond-mat.mes-hall