Hybrid graphene plasmonic waveguide modulators
  The unique optical and electronic properties of graphene allow one to realize active optical devices. While several types of graphene-based photonic modulators have already been demonstrated, the potential of combining the versatility of graphene with subwavelength field confinement of plasmonic/metallic structures is not fully realized. Here we report fabrication and study of hybrid graphene-plasmonic modulators. We consider several types of modulators and identify the most promising one for light modulation at telecom and near-infrared. Our proof-of-concept results pave the way towards on-chip realization of efficient graphene-based active plasmonic waveguide devices for optical communications. 
D. Ansell, B. D. Thackray, D. E. Aznakayeva, P. Thomas, G. H. Auton,   O. P. Marshall, F. J. Rodriguez, I. P. Radko, Z. Han,...
cond-mat.mes-hall