Molecular Shocks and the Gamma-ray Clouds of the W28 Supernova Remnant
  Interstellar medium clouds in the W28 region are emitting gamma-rays and it is likely that the W28 supernova remnant is responsible, making W28 a prime candidate for the study of cosmic-ray acceleration and diffusion. Understanding the influence of both supernova remnant shocks and cosmic rays on local molecular clouds can help to identify multi-wavelength signatures of probable cosmic-ray sources. To this goal, transitions of OH, SiO, NH3, HCO+ and CS have complemented CO in allowing a characterization of the chemically rich environment surrounding W28. This remnant has been an ideal test-bed for techniques that will complement arcminute-scale studies of cosmic-ray source candidates with future GeV-PeV gamma-ray observations. 
Nigel Maxted, Gavin Rowell, Phoebe de Wilt, Michael Burton, Catherine   Braiding, Andrew Walsh, Yasuo Fukui and Akiko Kawamura
astro-ph.HE