Integrated Transmission & Distribution System Modeling and Analysis:   Need & Advantages
  The primary objective of this paper is to highlight the need for and benefits of studying the steady state and dynamic response of power systems using three phase integrated transmission and distribution (T&D) system models (hereafter referred to as hybrid models). Modeling and simulation requirements for building and analyzing hybrid models are also discussed. Finally, results from steady state and dynamic simulations of a large hybrid model are presented to demonstrate insights that can be obtained from hybrid models which cannot be obtained from the study of transmission and distribution systems separately. 
Himanshu Jain, Kaveh Rahimi, Ahmad Tbaileh, Robert P. Broadwater,   Akshay Kumar Jain, Murat Dilek
cs.SY