Suppression of nano-channel ion conductance by electro-osmotic flow in   nano-channels with weakly overlapping electrical double layers
  This theoretical study investigates the nonlinear ionic current-voltage characteristics of nano-channels that have weakly overlapping electrical double layers. Numerical simulations as well as a 1-D mathematical model are developed to reveal that the electro-osmotic flow (EOF) interplays with the concentration-polarization process and depletes the ion concentration inside the channels, thus significantly suppressing the channel conductance. The conductance may be restored at high electrical biases in the presence of recirculating vortices within the channels. As a result of the EOF-driven ion depletion, a limiting-conductance behavior is identified, which is intrinsically different from the classical limiting-current behavior. 
Yang Liu, Lingzi Guo, Xin Zhu, Qiushi Ran, Robert Dutton
physics.chem-ph cond-mat.soft