Displacement Data Assimilation
  We show that modifying a Bayesian data assimilation scheme by incorporating kinematically-consistent displacement corrections produces a scheme that is demonstrably better at estimating partially observed state vectors in a setting where feature information important. While the displacement transformation is not tied to any particular assimilation scheme, here we implement it within an ensemble Kalman Filter and demonstrate its effectiveness in tracking stochastically perturbed vortices. 
W. Steven Rosenthal, Shankar C. Venkataramani, Arthur J. Mariano and   Juan M. Restrepo
physics.data-an physics.ao-ph