Global Transonic Solutions to Combined Fanno Rayleigh Flows Through   Variable Nozzles
  In this paper, we study the initial-boundary value problem of compressible Euler equations with friction and heating that model the combined Fanno-Rayleigh flows through symmetric variable area nozzles, in particular, the case of contracting nozzles is considered. A new version of a generalized Glimm scheme (GGS) is presented for establishing the global existence of transonic entropy solutions. Modified Riemann and boundary Riemann solutions are applied to design this GGS which obtained by the contraction matrices acting on the homogeneous Riemann (or boundary-Riemann) solutions. The extended Glimm-Goodman wave interaction estimates are investigated for ensuring the stability of the scheme and the positivity of gas velocity that leads to the existence of the weak solution. The limit of approximation solutions serves as an entropy solution. Moreover, a quantitative relation between the shape of the nozzle, the friction, and the heat is proposed. Under this relation, the global existence of weak solution for contracting nozzle is achieved. Simulations of contraction-expansion and expansion-contraction nozzles are presented to illustrate the relevant theoretical results. 
Shih-Wei Chou, John M. Hong, Bo-Chih Huang, and Reyna Quita
math.AP