Manufactured Turbulence with Langevin equations
  By definition, Manufactured turbulence(MT) is purported to mimic physical turbulence rather than model it. The MT equations are constrained to be simple to solve and provide an inexpensive surrogate to Navier-Stokes based Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) for use in engineering applications or theoretical analyses. In this article, we investigate one approach in which the linear inviscid aspects of MT are derived from a linear approximation of the Navier-Stokes equations while the non-linear and viscous physics are approximated via stochastic modeling. The ensuing Langevin MT equations are used to compute planar, quadratic turbulent flows. While much work needs to be done, the preliminary results appear promising. 
Aashwin Mishra, Sharath Girimaji
physics.flu-dyn