Surface Orientation Strengthening in Metallic Nanowires
  Due to the large free surface and strong anisotropy, the mechanical property of nanowire differs from its bulk counterpart. In this paper, the strong dependence of NW's strength on its surface orientation is revealed, and two modes of dislocation nucleation have been identified: the corner nucleation and the surface nucleation. The activation energy and activation volume of surface nucleation are much larger than those of the corner nucleation. The intersection line between lateral surface and {111}-type slip plane causes the discrepancy of the nucleation modes for the first dislocation. 
Haojie Wei, Yueguang Wei
cond-mat.mtrl-sci