Effects of the Electronic Structure, Phase Transition, and Localized   Dynamics of Atoms in the Formation of Tiny Particles of Gold
  In addition to the self-governing properties, tiny metallic colloids are the building blocks of larger particles. This topic has been the subject of many studies. This work discusses the results of three different experiments. Attained dynamics of the atoms also play a role in developing tiny particles. Atoms at the solution surface can also bind by the nano energy packets. Arrays of atoms convert into structures of smooth elements. When electron streams impinge on gold atoms at a fixed angle, atoms can elongate further. Traveling photons along the interface affect the atomic arrays. Gold atoms can also develop different tiny particles in solution. Various factors to their development contribute. The present work also considers the analyses of some tiny-sized particles. In the processing of tiny-metallic colloids at different parameters, major leveled modifications of atoms took place. The study also discusses the influence of traveling photons along the matter-solution interface. This study highlights the fundamental process of developing a variety of tiny particles. Several possibilities may open through the pulse-based process to develop engineered materials. 
Mubarak Ali and I-Nan Lin
cond-mat.mtrl-sci