Near-Field Thermal Energy Conversion by Tunneling to a Waveguide
  Energy is a vital resource and hence there is a continuous strive to improve upon existing technologies and to find new ones that address that basic need. The conversion of thermal energy is the primary method of generating electrical energy from a broad range of sources, for example fossil fuels, solar thermal, geothermal, and nuclear energy. A common need in all cases is the ability to efficiently extract the generated electromagnetic and thermal energy and to convert it to electricity. The current methods of thermal energy extraction are based on heat engines, thermoelectric and thermophotovoltaic conversion systems. In this report a method based on the direct extraction of Electromagnetic energy from the thermal near-field through tunneling and subsequent waveguiding, is presented. 
Jacob L. Poole, Paul R. Ohodnicki
cond-mat.mes-hall physics.optics