Side gate tunable Josephson junctions at the LaAlO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$   interface
  Novel physical phenomena arising at the interface of complex oxide heterostructures offer exciting opportunities for the development of future electronic devices. Using the prototypical LaAlO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ interface as a model system, we employ a single-step lithographic process to realize gate tunable Josephson junctions through a combination of lateral confinement and local side gating. The action of the side gates is found to be comparable to that of a local back gate, constituting a robust and efficient way to control the properties of the interface at the nanoscale. We demonstrate that the side gates enable reliable tuning of both the normal-state resistance and the critical (Josephson) current of the constrictions. The conductance and Josephson current show mesoscopic fluctuations as a function of the applied side gate voltage, and the analysis of their amplitude enables the extraction of the phase coherence and thermal lengths. Finally, we realize a superconducting quantum interference device in which the critical currents of each of the constriction-type Josephson junctions can be controlled independently via the side gates. 
A.M.R.V.L. Monteiro, D.J. Groenendijk, N. Manca, E. Mulazimoglu, S.   Goswami, Ya. Blanter, L.M.K. Vandersypen and A.D. Caviglia
cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.supr-con