Distributed Training of Deep Neural Networks: Theoretical and Practical   Limits of Parallel Scalability
  This paper presents a theoretical analysis and practical evaluation of the main bottlenecks towards a scalable distributed solution for the training of Deep Neuronal Networks (DNNs). The presented results show, that the current state of the art approach, using data-parallelized Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), is quickly turning into a vastly communication bound problem. In addition, we present simple but fixed theoretic constraints, preventing effective scaling of DNN training beyond only a few dozen nodes. This leads to poor scalability of DNN training in most practical scenarios. 
Janis Keuper, Franz-Josef Pfreundt
cs.CV