Centrality dependence of midrapidity density from GeV to TeV heavy-ion   collisions in the effective-energy universality picture of hadroproduction
  The dependence on centrality, or on the number of nucleon participants, of the midrapidity density of charged particles measured in heavy-ion collisions at the collision energy of about 20 GeV at RHIC to the highest LHC energy of 5 TeV is investigated within the recently proposed effective-energy approach. This approach relates multihadron production in different types of collisions by combining, under the proper scaling of the collision energy, the constituent quark picture with Landau relativistic hydrodynamics. The measurements are shown to be well described based on the similarity of multihadron production process in (anti)proton-proton interactions and heavy-ion collisions driven by the centrality-dependent effective energy of participants. 
Edward K.G. Sarkisyan, Aditya Nath Mishra, Raghunath Sahoo, and   Alexander S. Sakharov
hep-ph hep-ex nucl-ex nucl-th