Online wheel speed filtering for periodic disturbance reduction: a   strategy for an advanced bicycle application
  Due to geometrical errors and possible misalignment of the sensors, wheel speed measurements provided by incremental encoders in road vehicles are usually affected by significant periodic noises. This paper presents an online wheel speed filtering procedure, based on a model of the sensor, aimed at processing the speed measurement to make it suitable for advanced vehicle dynamics applications. In particular, differently from low-pass and notch filtering, this strategy is reliable for the cycling cadence estimation from the wheel speed on bicycles. Experimental data are used to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach. 
Gianmarco Rallo, Simone Formentin, Sergio Matteo Savaresi
cs.SY