Interaction Between Two Closely-Spaced Waving Slender Elastic Cylinders   Immersed in a Viscous Fluid
  We study the hydrodynamic interaction between two closely-spaced waving elastic cylinders immersed within a viscous liquid, at the creeping flow regime. The cylinders are actuated by a forced oscillation of the slope at their clamped end and are free at the opposite end. We obtain an expression for the interaction force and apply an asymptotic expansion based on a small parameter representing the ratio between the elastic deflections and the distance between the cylinders. The leading-order solution is an asymmetric oscillation pattern at the two frequencies ($\omega_1,\omega_2$) in which the cylinders are actuated. Higher orders oscillate at frequencies which are combinations of the actuation frequencies, where the first-order includes the $2\omega_1,2\omega_2,\omega_1+\omega_2$, and $\omega_1-\omega_2$ harmonics. For in-phase actuation with $\omega_1= \omega_2$, the deflection dynamics are identical to an isolated cylinder with a modified Sperm number. For configurations with $\omega_1\approx \omega_2$, the $\omega_1-\omega_2$ mode represents the dominant first-order interaction effect due to significantly smaller effective Sperm number. Experiments are conducted to verify and illustrate the theoretical predictions. 
Roei Elfasi, Yossef Elimelech and Amir D. Gat
physics.flu-dyn