A multi-phase ferrofluid flow model with equation of state for   thermomagnetic pumping and heat transfer
  A one-dimensional multi-phase flow model for thermomagnetically pumped ferrofluid with heat transfer is proposed. The thermodynamic model is a combination of a simplified particle model and thermodynamic equations of state for the base fluid. The magnetization model is based on statistical mechanics, taking into account non-uniform particle size distributions. An implementation of the proposed model is validated against experiments from the literature, and found to give good predictions for the thermomagnetic pumping performance. However, the results reveal a very large sensitivity to uncertainties in heat transfer coefficient predictions. 
Eskil Aursand, Magnus Aa. Gjennestad, Karl Yngve Lerv{\aa}g, Halvor   Lund
physics.comp-ph physics.flu-dyn