Detached eddy simulation of shock unsteadiness in an over-expanded   planar nozzle
  This work investigates the self-excited shock wave oscillations in a three-dimensional planar over-expanded nozzle turbulent flow by means of Detached Eddy Simulations. Time resolved wall pressure measurements are used as primary diagnostics. The statistical analysis reveals that the shock unsteadiness has common features in terms of the root mean square of the pressure fluctuations with other classical shock wave/boundary layer interactions, like compression ramps and incident shocks on a flat plate. The Fourier transform and the continuous wavelet transform are used to conduct the spectral analysis. The results of the former indicate that the pressure in the shock region is characterized by a broad low-frequency content, without any resonant tone. The wavelet analysis, which is well suited to study non stationary process, reveals that the pressure signal is characterized by an amplitude and a frequency modulation in time. 
Emanuele Martelli, Pietro Paolo Ciottoli, Matteo Bernardini, Francesco   Nasuti, Mauro Valorani
physics.flu-dyn