Statistical Assessment of PLC Networking for Front-Hauling in Small   Radio Cells
  The employment of power lines for communications (PLC) has been theorized almost a century ago; although the physical medium is not meant for data transmission, recent technical developments pushed the capacity boundary much higher than expected, allowing to consider PLC for new applications as the one considered in this contribution, i.e., as a solution for small cell back/front-hauling. In principle, back-hauling for cellular networks via PLC is very attractive given how pervasive the power line infrastructure is. Telecom operators are looking for solutions that can handle the traffic increase which is doublying every year. This calls for improvements of both cellular systems and front-hauling technologies that have to bridge the radio network with the core network. Small cells are currently advocated as the solution to spatially fragment the network and offer high capacity in densely populated areas; this is also due to the availability of spectrum at high frequency (mmWave links) which inherently offers large bandwidth but forces the cells to become smaller due to the short distance coverage. Therefore, it appears that mobile operators may eventually have to deploy an order of magnitude more (small) cells compared to existing networks having macro cells. This translates in a high density cellular network that poses more challenges for the back-haul. 
Andrea M. Tonello, Francesco Marcuzzi
cs.NI