Waiting times and stopping probabilities for patterns in Markov chains
  Suppose that $\mathcal C$ is a finite collection of patterns. Observe a Markov chain until one of the patterns in $\mathcal C$ occurs as a run. This time is denoted by $\tau$. In this paper, we aim to give an easy way to calculate the mean waiting time $E(\tau)$ and the stopping probabilities $P(\tau=\tau_A)$ with $A\in\mathcal C$, where $\tau_A$ is the waiting time until the pattern $A$ appears as a run. 
Min-Zhi Zhao, Dong Xu and Hui-Zeng Zhang
math.PR