IoT Cloud-based Distribution System State Estimation: Virtual Objects   and Context-Awareness
  This paper presents an IoT cloud-based state estimation system for distribution networks in which the PMUs (Phasor Measurement Units) are virtualized with respect to the physical devices. In the considered system only application level entities are put in the cloud, whereas virtualized PMUs are running in the communication network edge (i.e. closer to the physical objects) in order to have a certain degree of local logic, which allows to implement a bandwidth-efficient and smart data transmission to the involved applications in the cloud. The major contributions of the paper are the following: we demonstrate that a cloud-based architecture is capable of achieving the QoS level required by the specific state estimation application; we show that implementing a certain local logic for data transmission in the cloud, the result of the state estimation is not degraded with respect to the case of an estimation that takes place frequently at fixed intervals; we show the results in terms of latency and reduced network load for a reference smart grid network. 
Alessio Meloni, Paolo Attilio Pegoraro, Luigi Atzori, Paolo Castello,   Sara Sulis
cs.NI