Siliceous Paleoceanography:  (Ge/Si) Opal
{'Code': '06040302', 'Directorate': {'Abbreviation': 'GEO', 'LongName': 'Directorate For Geosciences'}, 'Division': {'Abbreviation': 'OCE', 'LongName': 'Division Of Ocean Sciences'}}
{'SignBlockName': 'Nicholas Anderson', 'PO_EMAI': 'nanderso@nsf.gov', 'PO_PHON': '7032924715'}
Germanium/silicon ratios will be measured in marine                     biogenic opal to characterize past variations in the oceanic                    silica cycle during the Cenozoic.  Detailed (Ge/Si) opal                        records will define paleoceanography in the major ocean                         basins for time scales of 0-2.4 million years and 0-40                          million years.  Records across two time slices at high                          resolution display dramatic shifts in Ge/Si:  4 MY and 6MY.                     These analog Ge/Si data, combined with biogenic opal                            accumulation rates globally and in individual ocean basins,                     will permit the reconstruction of past variations in the                        global oceanic silica cycle.  Studies of this type will                         describe global input and removal of silica to/from the sea                     by ridgecrest hot springs, continental rivers, burial of                        biogenic opal and siliceous production and accumulation.                        Siliceous paleochemical tracers such as (Ge/Si) opal will                       complement information derived from traditional carbonate                       clues ( 180,  13c, Cd/Ca, Li/Ca, Sr/Ca, 87Sr/86Sr) for areas                    and times where carbonates are not preserved, and for                           oceanic processes whose systematics are not recorded in                         calcareous microfossils.
{'FirstName': 'Philip', 'LastName': 'Froelich', 'PI_MID_INIT': 'N', 'PI_SUFX_NAME': None, 'PI_FULL_NAME': 'Philip N Froelich', 'EmailAddress': 'pfroelich@comcast.net', 'NSF_ID': '000252656', 'StartDate': '08/01/1987', 'EndDate': None, 'RoleCode': 'Principal Investigator'}
{'Name': 'Columbia University Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory', 'CityName': 'Palisades', 'ZipCode': '10964', 'PhoneNumber': '9143592900', 'StreetAddress': 'Rt 9W', 'StreetAddress2': None, 'CountryName': 'United States', 'StateName': 'New York', 'StateCode': 'NY', 'CONGRESSDISTRICT': '17', 'CONGRESS_DISTRICT_ORG': 'NY17', 'ORG_UEI_NUM': None, 'ORG_LGL_BUS_NAME': None, 'ORG_PRNT_UEI_NUM': None}
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{'Code': '1670', 'Text': 'Chemical Oceanography'}
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