The Extragalactic Distance Scale
{'Code': '03020400', 'Directorate': {'Abbreviation': 'MPS', 'LongName': 'Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien'}, 'Division': {'Abbreviation': 'AST', 'LongName': 'Division Of Astronomical Sciences'}}
{'SignBlockName': 'Millissa J. Evans', 'PO_EMAI': None, 'PO_PHON': None}
A long-term program concerning the extraglactic distance scale,                 specifically aimed at improving distances to nearby calibrating                 galaxies, will be carried out.  With the advantage of the higher                precision now achievable with digital charge-coupled detectors                  (CCD), and by obtaining multicolor data, the reddening for the                  Cepheid stars in the galaxies under study can be determined,                    thus eliminating a major systematic uncertainty in their distance               determinations.  Such an improved calibration will provide                      critical data for the determination of the Hubble constant, which               in turn will provide insights into the properties of the Universe               as a whole; i.e., cosmology.                                                                                                                                    The specific projects are intended to provide:                                                                                                                  1) New distances and reddening estimates to galaxies for which                  Cepheids have already been discovered.                                                                                                                          2) The discovery of new Cepheids in southern-hemisphere galaxies,               with the intent of increasing the number of galaxies upon which                 the determination of the Hubble constant rests.                                                                                                                 3) An investigation into the possible systematic effects of                     metallicity of the Cepheids on the calibration of the Cepheid                   distance scale.
{'FirstName': 'Wendy', 'LastName': 'Freedman', 'PI_MID_INIT': 'L', 'PI_SUFX_NAME': None, 'PI_FULL_NAME': 'Wendy L Freedman', 'EmailAddress': 'wendy@ociw.edu', 'NSF_ID': '000453996', 'StartDate': '04/01/1988', 'EndDate': None, 'RoleCode': 'Principal Investigator'}
{'Name': 'Carnegie Institution of Washington', 'CityName': 'WASHINGTON', 'ZipCode': '200151305', 'PhoneNumber': '2023876400', 'StreetAddress': '5241 BROAD BRANCH RD NW', 'StreetAddress2': None, 'CountryName': 'United States', 'StateName': 'District of Columbia', 'StateCode': 'DC', 'CONGRESSDISTRICT': '00', 'CONGRESS_DISTRICT_ORG': 'DC00', 'ORG_UEI_NUM': 'ZQ12LY4L5H39', 'ORG_LGL_BUS_NAME': 'CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTON', 'ORG_PRNT_UEI_NUM': None}
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[{'Code': '1217', 'Text': 'EXTRAGALACTIC ASTRON & COSMOLO'}, {'Code': '9120', 'Text': 'CROSS-DIRECTORATE PROGRAMS'}]
{'url': 'https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/download?DownloadFileName=1987&All=true', 'xml': '8713889.xml'}