Dissertation Research:  Evolutionary and Coevolutionary     Forces in a Three Trophic Level Interaction
{'Code': '08010208', 'Directorate': {'Abbreviation': 'BIO', 'LongName': 'Direct For Biological Sciences'}, 'Division': {'Abbreviation': 'DEB', 'LongName': 'Division Of Environmental Biology'}}
{'SignBlockName': 'Althea Ball', 'PO_EMAI': None, 'PO_PHON': None}
This research will explore for the first time coevolutionary               interactions in a three trophic level system consisting of                      willow, Salix lasiolepis, a stem-galling sawfly, Euura                          lasiolepis, and a parasitoid, Lathrostizus euurae. The                          evolutionary forces on each member of the interaction will be                   studied as they create a "window of vulnerability" for the stem-                galler when it can be attacked by the parasitoid.  Lathrostizus                 can only attack larvae in each Euura gall for a limited time                    period defined by the developmental rates of both the gall and                  the sawfly.  Preliminary evidence suggests that different willow                genotypes and phenotypes have galls with different  "windows,"                  resulting in widely different parasitism rates.  Experiments will               answer the following questions:  1) Are gall characters                         determining vulnerability to Lathrostizus attack heritable                      characters of Euura,  the willow, or interaction between the two?               2) Does the window of vulnerability of Euura to Lathrostizus                    attack depend on plant genotype?  3)  Can the window of                         vulnerability be altered by changing plant phenotype?  4) Does                  the window of vulnerability increase resource complexity                        decreasing the searching efficiency of the parasitoid?  5)  Is                  Lathrostizus better adapted to attacking other gallers in the                   system?  Results will contribute to the basic ecology of                        tritrophic interactions.
[{'FirstName': 'Peter', 'LastName': 'Price', 'PI_MID_INIT': 'W', 'PI_SUFX_NAME': None, 'PI_FULL_NAME': 'Peter W Price', 'EmailAddress': 'Peter.Price@nau.edu', 'NSF_ID': '000295172', 'StartDate': '12/01/1987', 'EndDate': None, 'RoleCode': 'Principal Investigator'}, {'FirstName': 'Timothy', 'LastName': 'Craig', 'PI_MID_INIT': 'P', 'PI_SUFX_NAME': None, 'PI_FULL_NAME': 'Timothy P Craig', 'EmailAddress': 'tcraig@d.umn.edu', 'NSF_ID': '000407945', 'StartDate': '12/01/1987', 'EndDate': None, 'RoleCode': 'Co-Principal Investigator'}]
{'Name': 'Northern Arizona University', 'CityName': 'FLAGSTAFF', 'ZipCode': '86011', 'PhoneNumber': '9285230886', 'StreetAddress': '601 S KNOLES DR RM 220', 'StreetAddress2': None, 'CountryName': 'United States', 'StateName': 'Arizona', 'StateCode': 'AZ', 'CONGRESSDISTRICT': '02', 'CONGRESS_DISTRICT_ORG': 'AZ02', 'ORG_UEI_NUM': 'MXHAS3AKPRN1', 'ORG_LGL_BUS_NAME': 'NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIVERSITY', 'ORG_PRNT_UEI_NUM': None}
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{'Code': '112800', 'Text': 'Population & Community Ecology'}
{'url': 'https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/download?DownloadFileName=1987&All=true', 'xml': '8715090.xml'}