A Comparative Study of the Musculoskeletal Mechanics of BirdFlight
{'Code': '08010207', 'Directorate': {'Abbreviation': 'BIO', 'LongName': 'Direct For Biological Sciences'}, 'Division': {'Abbreviation': 'DEB', 'LongName': 'Division Of Environmental Biology'}}
{'SignBlockName': 'James E. Rodman', 'PO_EMAI': None, 'PO_PHON': None}
Dr. Jenkins' research has documented previously unknown                 aspects of bird flight.  For example, the wishbone in starlings                 appears to act as a spring, bending laterally during downstroke                 and recoiling to assist shoulder retraction during upstroke.  In                fact, the entire avian shoulder (i.e., clavicles, scapulae,                     coracoids, and the associated sternum) undergoes a rather                       dramatic excursion during each wingbeat.  In addition, by                       monitoring the activity patterns of flight muscles the                          researchers are beginning to understand the contribution of                     individual muscles to specific phases of the wingbeat cycle.  The               present research proposal is designed to extend and quantify the                researchers' original observations and undertake comparable                     studies on other bird species to explore the variability of                     flight mechanics.
{'FirstName': 'Farish', 'LastName': 'Jenkins', 'PI_MID_INIT': 'A', 'PI_SUFX_NAME': 'Jr.', 'PI_FULL_NAME': 'Farish A Jenkins', 'EmailAddress': 'fjenkins@oeb.harvard.edu', 'NSF_ID': '000414232', 'StartDate': '11/01/1987', 'EndDate': None, 'RoleCode': 'Principal Investigator'}
{'Name': 'Harvard University', 'CityName': 'CAMBRIDGE', 'ZipCode': '021385366', 'PhoneNumber': '6174955501', 'StreetAddress': '1033 MASSACHUSETTS AVE STE 3', 'StreetAddress2': None, 'CountryName': 'United States', 'StateName': 'Massachusetts', 'StateCode': 'MA', 'CONGRESSDISTRICT': '05', 'CONGRESS_DISTRICT_ORG': 'MA05', 'ORG_UEI_NUM': 'LN53LCFJFL45', 'ORG_LGL_BUS_NAME': 'PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE', 'ORG_PRNT_UEI_NUM': None}
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{'Code': '1127', 'Text': 'Evolutionary Processes'}
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