The Use of Site-Directed Mutagenesis and the Ruthenium      Modification Method for Study of Electron-Transfer          Mechanisms in Metalloenzymes
{'Code': '03090007', 'Directorate': {'Abbreviation': 'MPS', 'LongName': 'Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien'}, 'Division': {'Abbreviation': 'CHE', 'LongName': 'Division Of Chemistry'}}
{'SignBlockName': 'Margaret A. Cavanaugh', 'PO_EMAI': None, 'PO_PHON': None}
This project is in the Chemistry of Life Processes Initiative                   in the Office of Special Projects in Chemistry.  It is jointly                  supported with the Biochemistry Program in the BBS Directorate.                 Advances in genetic engineering technology have provided the                    potential for designing novel proteins that offer convenient                    routes to the understanding of electron transfer mechanisms.                    By the use of site-directed mutagenesis this project will                       prepare optimized yeast iso-1 cytochrome c for the study of                     intramolecular electron-transfer mechanisms via the ruthenium                   modification method.  The principal criterion for the selection                 of mutable sites is that the mutations be non-perturbative                      (that is each mutation should leave the system functionally                     identical with the wild-type system).  The investigators have                   designed several mutants which will allow them to address the                   role of distance, medium, and driving force on long-range                       electron transfer.  The distance study mutants cover a distance                 range of 12 to 18 Angstroms and are located on the protein's                    N-terminal alpha helix.  The pathway mutants contain either                     aromatic or sulfur-containing residues in the electron-transfer                 pathways.  In addition, studies on a double mutant will allow                   the possibility of through-bond electron transfer.  Full                        driving force studies on ruthenated cytochromes at different                    electron-transfer distances will allow this project to separate                 electronic-coupling and nuclear-reorganization contributions to                 long-range electron-transfer rates.
[{'FirstName': 'Judith', 'LastName': 'Campbell', 'PI_MID_INIT': 'L', 'PI_SUFX_NAME': None, 'PI_FULL_NAME': 'Judith L Campbell', 'EmailAddress': 'jcampbel@its.caltech.edu', 'NSF_ID': '000111347', 'StartDate': '09/01/1988', 'EndDate': None, 'RoleCode': 'Co-Principal Investigator'}, {'FirstName': 'Harry', 'LastName': 'Gray', 'PI_MID_INIT': 'B', 'PI_SUFX_NAME': None, 'PI_FULL_NAME': 'Harry B Gray', 'EmailAddress': 'hbgray@caltech.edu', 'NSF_ID': '000342801', 'StartDate': '09/01/1988', 'EndDate': None, 'RoleCode': 'Principal Investigator'}, {'FirstName': 'John', 'LastName': 'Richards', 'PI_MID_INIT': 'H', 'PI_SUFX_NAME': None, 'PI_FULL_NAME': 'John H Richards', 'EmailAddress': 'jhr@starbase1.caltech.edu', 'NSF_ID': '000458274', 'StartDate': '09/01/1988', 'EndDate': None, 'RoleCode': 'Co-Principal Investigator'}]
{'Name': 'California Institute of Technology', 'CityName': 'PASADENA', 'ZipCode': '911250001', 'PhoneNumber': '6263956219', 'StreetAddress': '1200 E CALIFORNIA BLVD', 'StreetAddress2': None, 'CountryName': 'United States', 'StateName': 'California', 'StateCode': 'CA', 'CONGRESSDISTRICT': '28', 'CONGRESS_DISTRICT_ORG': 'CA28', 'ORG_UEI_NUM': 'U2JMKHNS5TG4', 'ORG_LGL_BUS_NAME': 'CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY', 'ORG_PRNT_UEI_NUM': None}
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[{'Code': '1968', 'Text': 'PHYSICAL INORGANIC'}, {'Code': '1982', 'Text': 'BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY'}, {'Code': '9145', 'Text': 'SPECIAL PROGRAMS-RESERVE'}]
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