Collaborative Research:  Interaction Goals and Self-        Fulfilling Prophecies
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{'SignBlockName': 'Jean B. Intermaggio', 'PO_EMAI': None, 'PO_PHON': None}
The self-fulfilling prophecy is one of the most important                       theoretical notions to have arisen in social psychology.  The                   idea that one individual, entrapped in the expectations and                     stereotypes of others, can somehow be caused to fulfill those                   expectations, holds out the promise of understanding many                       important social phenomena, ranging from the ways in which                      negatively stereotyped children are left behind in the                          educational process, to the ways in which those who have sought                 treatment for mental illness are labelled by others and treated                 in a fashion that can sustain or increase their difficulties.                                                                                                   Despite the clear social importance of the self-fulfilling                      prophecy, there has been little theory developed to predict the                 conditions under which the effect will take place, or to                        specify how the effect can be avoided.  Darley and Hilton                       outline a general model of social interaction and perception                    which emphasizes the goal-directed nature of these endeavors.                   Based upon this model, these researchers derive specific                        predictions about both the occurrence and non-occurrence of                     self-fulfilling prophecy effects and will conduct a series of                   experiments which test these predictions.                                                                                                                       If these predictions are confirmed, then two purposes will have                 been fulfilled.  First, there will be evidence for the validity                 of a view of social interaction and perception in which the                     strategies and goals of the participants are accorded central                   importance.  Second, there will be a good deal of evidence                      about the workings of the self-fulfilling prophecy.  More                       specifically, there will be some confirmation for a theory that                 specifies not just that self-fulfilling prophecies exist, but                   begins to delimit the conditions under which these prophecy                     effects occur.  At the level of policy, this should mean that                   we can go beyond deploring the existence of self-fulfilling                     prophecies and "cautioning against" their occurrence, to make                   some specific recommendations about how their pernicious                        effects can be avoided or even reversed.
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[{'Code': '1332', 'Text': 'Social Psychology'}, {'Code': '9145', 'Text': 'SPECIAL PROGRAMS-RESERVE'}]
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