PRF: The Role of Flight Muscle Ratios in Aerial Interactionsof Flying Insects
{'Code': '08010207', 'Directorate': {'Abbreviation': 'BIO', 'LongName': 'Direct For Biological Sciences'}, 'Division': {'Abbreviation': 'DEB', 'LongName': 'Division Of Environmental Biology'}}
{'SignBlockName': 'Joann P. Roskoski', 'PO_EMAI': None, 'PO_PHON': None}
.j.>Many insects capture prey, escape from predators, and compete               for mates by utilizing short bursts of rapid maneuverable flight.               Recent experimental results indicate that maximum short-burst                   flight performance depends strongly on flight muscle ratio (FMR;                the ratio of flight muscle mass to body mass).  This result                     suggests that animals with high FMRs should generally be able to                outperform animals with lower FMRs in aerial contests.  Three                   analyses will be used to explore this hypothesis.  The first                    compares FMRs of prey captured by robber flies with FMRs of prey                that escape, and with FMRs of all potential prey.  How FMR                      variation among individual robber flies affects foraging success                will be determined.  The second study compares FMRs of palatable                butterflies with FMRs of unpalatable butterflies, to determine                  if differences in predation frequency have resulted in variation                in the way butterflies distribute mass among their tissues.  The                third study examines how interspecific variation in FMRs of male                dragonflies varies with the spatial pattern of female                           oviposition.  Females that oviposit selectively, in a few                       preferred sites, should impose strong selection for male traits                 that allow aerial defense of these sites.                                                                                                                       Results of these analyses may demonstrate that mass allocation is               a basic and ecologically profound problem for flying insects, and               perhaps for flying animals in general.  Work will be performed at               Brown University, The University of Texas at Austin, and the                    Smithsonial Tropical Research Institute in Panama.
{'FirstName': 'James', 'LastName': 'Marden', 'PI_MID_INIT': 'H', 'PI_SUFX_NAME': None, 'PI_FULL_NAME': 'James H Marden', 'EmailAddress': 'jhm10@psu.edu', 'NSF_ID': '000173203', 'StartDate': '07/01/1988', 'EndDate': None, 'RoleCode': 'Principal Investigator'}
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{'Code': '914500', 'Text': 'SPECIAL PROGRAMS-RESERVE'}
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