She earned her B.S. in English and History from Iowa State University in 1967, and an M.A. and Ph.D. in U.S. History from the University of Iowa in 1975 and gained certification from the Academy of Certified Archivists in 1989.
She earned her B.S. in English from the University of Iowa in 1975. She earned History from Iowa State University in 1967, and an M.A. and Ph.D. in U.S. History from the University of Iowa in 1975. She gained certification from the Academy of Certified Archivists in 1989.