In the pre-independence era, he was a leading member of the Communist Party of India Upon partition, he moved with his family to newly-created Pakistan and in 1948, he became a founding member of the Communist Party of Pakistan.
He was a leading member of the Communist Party of India-created Pakistan and in 1948, he became a founding member of the Communist Party of Pakistan. This was in the pre-independence era. He moved India with his family to newly. This was upon partition.