The city, which was ringed by forts known as the National redoubt, was besieged to the south and east by German forces, which began a bombardment of the Belgian fortifications with heavy and super-heavy artillery on 28 September.
The city was besieged to the south. The city was besieged to east by German forces September. German forces began a bombardment of the Belgian fortifications with heavy and super-heavy artillery on 28. The city was ringed by forts. These forts were known as the National redoubt.