Although he was the leader of a great smuggling syndicate that launched many raids against China, he himself claimed to have never personally participated in a raid and he considered himself a "sea merchant" (Chinese haishang 海商).
Although he was the leader of a great smuggling syndicate that launched many raids against China, he himself claimed to have never participated in a raid in person. Indeed, Wang Zhi considered himself a "sea merchant" (Chinese haishang 海商).