Instruct: Given a question, retrieve documents that can help answer the question.
Query: On what TV network did Scooby-Doo first air?
"Scooby-Doo" was originally broadcast on CBS from 1969 to 1975, when it moved to ABC. ABC aired the show until canceling it in 1986, and presented a spin-off featuring the characters as children, "A Pup Named Scooby-Doo", from 1988 until 1991. New "Scooby-Doo" series aired as part of Kids' WB on The WB Network and its successor, The CW Network, from 2002 until 2008. "Scooby-Doo! Mystery Incorporated" aired on Cartoon Network from 2010 to 2013, and "Be Cool, Scooby-Doo!" aired on Cartoon Network from 2015 to 2018. Repeats of the various "Scooby-Doo" series are broadcast frequently on Cartoon Network's sister channel Boomerang in the United States as well as other countries.
In its television premiere on Cartoon Network's "Flicks" on Saturday, July 26, 2014, the movie was retitled "Scooby-Doo! The WWE Mystery" and the event the gang are in WWE City to witness was renamed "SuperStar-Mania". No reason was given by the network for the changes in the film dialogue or title. This movie is the first of the animated films to get a TV-PG rating for "violence" due to the plot of the film involving wrestling. All previous "Scooby-Doo" animated movies received a TV-Y7-FV rating.
"Scooby-Doo" creators Joe Ruby and Ken Spears served as the story supervisors on the series. Ruby, Spears, and Bill Lutz wrote all of the scripts for the seventeen first-season episodes, while Lutz, Larz Bourne, and Tom Dagenais wrote the eight second-season episodes with Ruby and Spears as story editors. The plot varied little from episode to episode. The main concept was as follows:The second season featured bubblegum "chase scene" songs produced by La La Productions (which had originally been contracted to create the music for "Josie and the Pussycats", the first of many animated series made from the same mold as "Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!"). These songs were written by Danny Janssen and Austin Roberts, and were performed by Roberts, who also made a new recording of the "Scooby Doo, Where Are You!" theme song for the second season. The series' theme song has been covered by several subsequent artists, including Matthew Sweet for the 1995 TV special and album ""; Third Eye Blind for the 1998 film "Scooby-Doo on Zombie Island"; Billy Ray Cyrus for "Scooby-Doo! and the Witch's Ghost" (1999); Jennifer Love Hewitt for "Scooby-Doo and the Alien Invaders" (2000); the B-52's (Cindy, Kate and Fred) for "Scooby-Doo and the Cyber Chase" (2001); MxPx for the live-action "Scooby-Doo" film (2002); and Krystal Harris for "Scooby-Doo! and the Legend of the Vampire" (2003).
Only the first nine episodes of the sixteen episode 1978 season of "Scooby-Doo", listed below, were broadcast under the "Scooby-Doo, Where are You!" name. The revival series was canceled afterward, and the remaining seven episodes, that were intended for the revival, were instead broadcast during the "Scooby's All-Stars" block, and all sixteen were rerun during this block and later syndicated as part of "The Scooby-Doo Show". See List of "The Scooby-Doo Show" episodes for the entire season run and "The Scooby-Doo Show" for proper production credits.
DuckTales is an American animated television series, produced by Walt Disney Television Animation and distributed by Buena Vista Television. The cartoon series premiered on September 18, 1987, and ran for a total of 100 episodes over four seasons, with its final episode airing on November 28, 1990. Based upon "Uncle Scrooge" and other Duck universe comic books created by Carl Barks, the show follows Scrooge McDuck, his three grandnephews Huey, Dewey, and Louie, and close friends of the group, on various adventures, most of which either involve seeking out treasure or thwarting the efforts of villains seeking to steal Scrooge's fortune or his Number One Dime.
The group was first referred to as the Scooby Gang by Xander Harris in the Season Two episode "What's My Line, Part One" as a reference to the group of monster-hunting teenagers from the Hanna-Barbera animated series "Scooby-Doo" that is otherwise known as Mystery Inc., who investigate and solve supernatural/occult monsters mysteries much like The Scoobies in Buffy. The first visible sign was in Season 1, Episode 11, where Willow is seen wearing a Scooby Doo T-shirt, Buffy sports the Daphne trademark neck scarf, and later Xander responds, "Can you say, 'Gulp'?" as Shaggy often does. Sarah Michelle Gellar, the actress who plays Buffy, would later also appear as Daphne Blake in the films "Scooby-Doo" and "".
The "What's New, Scooby-Doo?" episode "A Terrifying Round with a Menacing Metallic Clown" featured a flashback to Velma's fifth birthday, using the character designs from "A Pup Named Scooby-Doo", albeit with some modifications, such as Daphne wearing purple rather than pink. Fred and Velma were the only returning characters to speak in the flashback and were voiced by their normal voice actors Frank Welker and Mindy Cohn. The live-action film "Scooby-Doo! The Mystery Begins" establishes the team meeting in their teens. However, it can be seen as a prequel to the theatrical films.
An early televised "Doctor Who" spoof was on the Michael Bentine sketch show "It's a Square World" in December 1963, only a few weeks after the series first aired. Season 6, Episode 8, broadcast on New Year's Eve, featured Clive Dunn playing a scientist called Doctor Fotheringown ("Doctor Who?" / "No, not Doctor Who, Doctor Fotheringown!"), for which Dunn wore William Hartnell's First Doctor costume and wig. The sketch, which was recorded on 16 and 20 December 1963, also featured Wilfrid Brambell and Patrick Moore.
The first series of the British spy drama television series "Spooks" (known as MI-5 in the United States) began broadcasting on 13 May 2002 on BBC One, before ending on 17 June 2002. It consists of six episodes. "Spooks" follows the actions of Section D, a counter-terrorism division of the British Security Services (MI5). Among the storylines, main character Tom Quinn faces dilemmas living a double life with his girlfriend, who at first does not know he is really a spy, and Tessa Phillips is running phantom agents for monetary gain. Matthew Macfadyen, Keeley Hawes, David Oyelowo, Peter Firth, Jenny Agutter, Lisa Faulkner, Esther Hall, Heather Cave, Hugh Simon and Greame Mearns are listed as the main cast.
This was the first original Mickey Mouse theatrical cartoon produced in over 30 years. With the exception of re-releases, Mickey had not appeared in movie theaters since the short film "The Simple Things" (1953). Many additional characters seen in the film had also not appeared in a theatrical cartoon for several decades. The film was also the last time in which Clarence Nash voiced Donald Duck. Nash was the only original voice actor in the film as Walt Disney (Mickey Mouse) and Pinto Colvig (Goofy) had died in the 1960s, Cliff Edwards (Jiminy Cricket) and Billy Gilbert (Willie the Giant) in 1971, and Billy Bletcher (Pete and the Big Bad Wolf) in 1979. It was also the first time in animation that Scrooge McDuck (as Ebenezer Scrooge) was voiced by actor Alan Young (who had first voiced the character on the musical album); Young would continue to be the primary voice actor for McDuck until the actor's death in 2016.
Beginning in the 1980s, Cosby produced and starred in the television sitcom "The Cosby Show", which aired from 1984 to 1992 and was rated as the number one show in America for 1985 through 1989. The sitcom highlighted the experiences and growth of an affluent African-American family. Cosby produced the spin-off sitcom "A Different World", which aired from 1987 to 1993. He also starred in "The Cosby Mysteries" from 1994 to 1995 and in the sitcom "Cosby" from 1996 to 2000, and hosted "Kids Say the Darndest Things" from 1998 to 2000.
In Canada, TVOntario aired the program starting in 1976 with "The Three Doctors" and continued with the rest of the original series on a weekly basis until 1990 with series airing two to three years behind the BBC. TVO was also available to many viewers in the United States living in states bordering the Great Lakes. In order to fulfill the network's originally strict mandate as an educational broadcaster, TVO's transmissions of the Third Doctor's stories were hosted by Dr. Jim Dator, a futurist teaching to the University of Toronto, while the first three seasons of Fourth Doctor stories were hosted by science fiction writer Judith Merril, who called herself the "UnDoctor". Both hosts would fill out the show's half-hour time slot through introductions and longer extros which would analyze and discuss the episode critically for several minutes often explaining how a story was at variance with scientific concepts, how it related to science fiction genres, or putting the episodes in a socio-political context. Afterward, this broadcast requirement was relaxed and the extra time was used for the network's standard short subject programming such as "Eureka!". TVO continued to broadcast "Doctor Who" until it lost the rights to the programme in 1990.
The first cartoon from the "What a Cartoon!" project broadcast in its entirety was "The Powerpuff Girls in "Meat Fuzzy Lumkins"", which made its world premiere on Monday, February 20, 1995, during a television special called the "World Premiere Toon-In" (termed "President's Day Nightmare" by its producers, Williams Street). The special was hosted by Space Ghost and the cast of "Space Ghost Coast to Coast", and featured comic interviews and a mock contest with the creators of the various cartoons. The Toon-In was simulcast on Cartoon Network, TBS Superstation, and TNT. To promote the shorts, Cartoon Network's marketing department came up with the concept of "Dive-In Theater" in 1995 to showcase the 48 cartoon shorts. The cartoons were shown at water parks and large municipal swimming pools, treating kids and their parents to exclusive poolside screenings on 9' x 12' movie screens.
When Donald Duck decides to join the US Navy, he enlists his uncle Scrooge McDuck to look after his nephews, Huey, Dewey, and Louie. Although reluctant to do so due to their hyperactivity, along with his continual pursuit of increasing his wealth and maintaining harsh business ethics, he eventually warms to them upon seeing how smart and resourceful they are, and takes them into his manor as well as a number of adventures. In addition to them, the show features frequent appearances by Gyro Gearloose, an established comic book character, as well as guest appearances by Donald in the first season – this was either a full appearance, or in a cameo scene when Scrooge and his nephews read letters he sends to them, and a few minor appearances by Scrooge's old flame, Glittering Goldie, whose character was adapted from the comic books. The show introduced new characters to the Duck universe; while some were minor including: the nanny Mrs. Beakley, whom Scrooge hires to babysit the nephews; Mrs. Beakley's granddaughter Webby; Scrooge's pilot Launchpad McQuack; Doofus Drake, an admirer of Launchpad and a close friend of the nephews; and the McDuck Manor butler, Duckworth. The second season later introduced three new additional characters as part of the show's stories: "caveduck" Bubba Duck and his pet triceratops Tootsie; and Fenton Crackshell, Scrooge's personal accountant who secretly works as a superhero named Gizmoduck.
The cartoon premiered worldwide between 18–20 September 1987 (the time and date varying between markets), with a television movie special entitled ""The Treasure of the Golden Suns"", which was later split up into a five-part serial in future reruns. The first season, aired between 1987–88, consisted of 65 episodes, the "magic number" requirement needed for a show to have a weekday syndication (five days a week for thirteen weeks). Disney then commissioned three more seasons – the second season (aired between 1988–89) consisted of two television specials entitled "Time Is Money" and "Super DuckTales", with future reruns splitting them into two five-part serials; the third season (aired between 1989–90) consisted of 18 episodes, with it forming an hour-long syndicated block alongside ""; and the fourth season (aired during late 1990) consisted of seven episodes (including three unaired episode meant for the previous season), which was used to form a two-hour long syndicated block called "The Disney Afternoon", consisting of "DuckTales" and three other half-hour cartoons.
"Buffy the Vampire Slayer" first aired on March 10, 1997, (as a mid season replacement for the show "Savannah") on the WB network, and played a key role in the growth of the Warner Bros. television network in its early years. After five seasons, it transferred to the United Paramount Network (UPN) for its final two seasons. In 2001, the show went into syndication in the United States on local stations and on cable channel FX; the local airings ended in 2005, and the FX airings lasted until 2008 but returned to the network in 2013. Beginning in January 2010, it began to air in syndication in the United States on Logo. Reruns also briefly aired on MTV. In March 2010, it began to air in Canada on MuchMusic and MuchMore. On November 7, 2010, it began airing on Chiller with a 24-hour marathon; the series airs weekdays. Chiller also aired a 14-hour Thanksgiving Day marathon on November 25, 2010. In 2011, it began airing on Oxygen and TeenNick. On June 22, 2015, it began airing on ABC Family.
Spooks (known as MI-5 in some countries) is a British television drama series that originally aired on BBC One from 13 May 2002 to 23 October 2011, consisting of 10 series. The title is a popular colloquialism for spies, and the series follows the work of a group of MI5 officers based at the service's Thames House headquarters, in a highly secure suite of offices known as The Grid. It is notable for various stylistic touches, and its use of popular guest actors. In the United States, the show is broadcast under the title "MI-5". In Canada, the programme originally aired as "MI5" but now airs on BBC Canada as "Spooks".
Some of the early cartoon series on The Disney Afternoon came from already in-circulation cartoons, such as "Adventures of the Gummi Bears", which aired on NBC from 1985 to 1988 and then moved to ABC in 1989. "DuckTales" premiered in 1987 as Disney was focused on incorporating animated series into its portfolio in the era of cartoons; it was Disney's only syndicated cartoon series until accompanied in 1989 by "." These two shows had been packaged together as an hour-long cartoon block from 1989 to 1990, until both shows were incorporated into The Disney Afternoon in September 1990.
"UFO" confused broadcasters in both Britain and the United States, who could not decide if it was a programme for adults or for children. In the UK, the first episodes were originally shown in the 5.15pm 'tea-time' slot on Saturdays, and then on Saturday mornings during an early repeat, by both Southern Television — which began broadcasting "UFO" almost two months before the London area — and London Weekend Television. The fact that the companies associated with the Andersons, such as AP Films and Century 21, were primarily associated with children's programming did not help matters. This confusion and erratic broadcast schedules are considered contributing factors in its cancellation, although "UFO" is credited with opening the door to moderately successful runs of later live-action, adult-oriented programming by Anderson such as "The Protectors" and "".
The series debuted on July 12, 2002, on USA Network. It continued for eight seasons, with the final season concluding on December 4, 2009. The series held the record for the most-watched scripted drama episode in cable television history from 2009 through 2012 (broken by "The Walking Dead") with "Mr. Monk and the End – Part II", its series finale, with 9.4 million viewers, 3.2 million of them in the 18–49 demographic.
The series premiered on March 10, 1997, on The WB and concluded on May 20, 2003, on UPN. The series narrative follows Buffy Summers (played by Sarah Michelle Gellar), the latest in a line of young women known as "Vampire Slayers", or simply "Slayers". In the story, Slayers or the 'Chosen Ones' are "called" (chosen by fate) to battle against vampires, demons, and other forces of darkness. Being a young woman, Buffy wants to live a normal life, but as the series progresses, she learns to embrace her destiny. Like previous Slayers, Buffy is aided by a Watcher, who guides, teaches, and trains her. Unlike her predecessors, Buffy surrounds herself with a circle of loyal friends who become known as the "Scooby Gang".
The channel was officially rebranded on 28 September 2014, with a new graphics package and exclusive kids programming such as "Oddbods", "Masha and the Bear" and "The Jungle Bunch: To the Rescue", premiering on that same day, along with some contemporary programming imported from Cartoon Network, such as "The Garfield Show", "Pink Panther and Pals" and "What's New, Scooby-Doo?". Boomerang Latin America was the first feed to adopt the new graphics package. new programming block consisting of straight-to-DVD movies and theatrical films was introduced, which was later named "Cine Boomerang". The network shifted its focus from tweens and female teenagers to the kids audience for the first time since 2006 and, thus, all live-action teen series were removed. The channel was also the first Boomerang network worldwide to adopt the new graphic package. On 18 October 2014, a Boomerang-branded block was launched on Cartoon Network in Latin America, named "Club Boomerang", consisting on the airing of "Masha and the Bear", "Imaginext Adventures", and "LazyTown". On 3 November 2014, "Club Boomerang" was expanded from Monday to Friday, airing "Tom and Jerry", "What's New, Scooby-Doo?", "Wabbit", "The Garfield Show", "Inspector Gadget", "Masha and the Bear", "Be Cool, Scooby-Doo!" and "Casper's Scare School".
What's New, Scooby-Doo? is an American animated mystery comedy series produced by Warner Bros. Animation for The WB television network; it is the ninth incarnation of the "Scooby-Doo" franchise that began with Hanna-Barbera's "Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!" and the first of such since the previous incarnation, "A Pup Named Scooby-Doo", ended in 1991. The series revives the format of "Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!", in which the title character and his companions, Fred Jones; Daphne Blake; Velma Dinkley and Shaggy Rogers, travel to varying locations solving mysteries; this format is modernized for "What's New, Scooby-Doo?", in which the characters utilize technology that did not exist at the time "Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!" first aired. It is the first television series in the franchise in which Frank Welker, Grey DeLisle and Mindy Cohn respectively portrayed the voices of Scooby-Doo, Daphne and Velma, as well as the final one in which Casey Kasem portrayed Shaggy, having originally quit the role following a dispute regarding the portrayal of the character.
The 13 Ghosts of Scooby-Doo is the seventh incarnation of the Hanna-Barbera Saturday morning cartoon "Scooby-Doo", and the final first-run version of the original 1969–1985 broadcast run of the series. It premiered on and ran for one season on ABC as a half-hour program. Thirteen episodes of the show were made in 1985. It replaced "Scary Scooby Funnies", a repackaging of earlier shows; another repackaged series, "Scooby's Mystery Funhouse", followed. The series also aired in reruns on USA Network in the 1990s, on Cartoon Network, and from time to time on Cartoon Network's sister channel Boomerang until 2014.
In 2002, following the successes of the Cartoon Network reruns, the direct to video franchise, and the first feature film, "Scooby-Doo" returned to Saturday morning for the first time in 17 years with "What's New, Scooby-Doo?", which aired on Kids' WB from 2002 until 2006. Produced by Warner Bros. Animation, the show follows the format of the original series but places it in the 21st century, featuring a heavy promotion of modern technology (computers, DVD, the Internet, cell phones) and culture.