sentences.text: Male pregnancy refers to the incubation of one or more embryos or fetuses by the male of any species.
sentences.text: Male
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: refers
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: incubation
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: one
sentences.text: or
sentences.text: more
sentences.text: embryos
sentences.text: or
sentences.text: fetuses
sentences.text: by
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: male
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: any
sentences.text: species
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Almost all pregnancies in the animal kingdom are carried by female organisms.
sentences.text: Almost
sentences.text: all
sentences.text: pregnancies
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: animal
sentences.text: kingdom
sentences.text: are
sentences.text: carried
sentences.text: by
sentences.text: female
sentences.text: organisms
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: In all heterogamous species, the males produce the spermatozoa and rarely, if ever, host the zygote.
sentences.text: In
sentences.text: all
sentences.text: heterogamous
sentences.text: species
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: males
sentences.text: produce
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: spermatozoa
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: rarely
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: if
sentences.text: ever
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: host
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: zygote
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: The Syngnathidae family of fish has the unique characteristic where females lay their eggs in a brood pouch on the male's chest, and the male incubates the eggs.
sentences.text: The
sentences.text: Syngnathidae
sentences.text: family
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: fish
sentences.text: has
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: unique
sentences.text: characteristic
sentences.text: where
sentences.text: females
sentences.text: lay
sentences.text: their
sentences.text: eggs
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: brood
sentences.text: pouch
sentences.text: on
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: male
sentences.text: 's
sentences.text: chest
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: male
sentences.text: incubates
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: eggs
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Fertilization may take place in the pouch or before implantation in the water.
sentences.text: Fertilization
sentences.text: may
sentences.text: take
sentences.text: place
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: pouch
sentences.text: or
sentences.text: before
sentences.text: implantation
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: water
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Included in Syngnathidae are seahorses, the pipefish, and the weedy and leafy sea dragons.
sentences.text: Included
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: Syngnathidae
sentences.text: are
sentences.text: seahorses
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: pipefish
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: weedy
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: leafy
sentences.text: sea
sentences.text: dragons
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Syngnathidae is the only family in the animal kingdom to which the term " male pregnancy " has been applied.
sentences.text: Syngnathidae
sentences.text: is
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: only
sentences.text: family
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: animal
sentences.text: kingdom
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: which
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: term
sentences.text: "
sentences.text: male
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: "
sentences.text: has
sentences.text: been
sentences.text: applied
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Some intersex people with XY chromosomes develop entirely female bodies and, if the individual has a uterus, can gestate an embryo conceived in the lab.
sentences.text: Some
sentences.text: intersex
sentences.text: people
sentences.text: with
sentences.text: XY
sentences.text: chromosomes
sentences.text: develop
sentences.text: entirely
sentences.text: female
sentences.text: bodies
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: if
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: individual
sentences.text: has
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: uterus
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: can
sentences.text: gestate
sentences.text: an
sentences.text: embryo
sentences.text: conceived
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: lab
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: The typical karyotype for a male is XY, so in this case the pregnant person has a Y chromosome.
sentences.text: The
sentences.text: typical
sentences.text: karyotype
sentences.text: for
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: male
sentences.text: is
sentences.text: XY
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: so
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: this
sentences.text: case
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: pregnant
sentences.text: person
sentences.text: has
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: Y
sentences.text: chromosome
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Animals too can be intersexed, depending on specificities of the species involved.
sentences.text: Animals
sentences.text: too
sentences.text: can
sentences.text: be
sentences.text: intersexed
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: depending
sentences.text: on
sentences.text: specificities
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: species
sentences.text: involved
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Some transmen (female-to-male transgender people) who interrupt hormone treatments can become pregnant, while still identifying and living as male.
sentences.text: Some
sentences.text: transmen
sentences.text: (
sentences.text: female-to-male
sentences.text: transgender
sentences.text: people
sentences.text: )
sentences.text: who
sentences.text: interrupt
sentences.text: hormone
sentences.text: treatments
sentences.text: can
sentences.text: become
sentences.text: pregnant
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: while
sentences.text: still
sentences.text: identifying
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: living
sentences.text: as
sentences.text: male
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: This is possible for individuals who still have functioning ovaries.
sentences.text: This
sentences.text: is
sentences.text: possible
sentences.text: for
sentences.text: individuals
sentences.text: who
sentences.text: still
sentences.text: have
sentences.text: functioning
sentences.text: ovaries
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: For example, Matt Rice bore a child in 1999 by artificial insemination during his relationship with writer Patrick Califia.
sentences.text: For
sentences.text: example
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: Matt
sentences.text: Rice
sentences.text: bore
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: child
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: 1999
sentences.text: by
sentences.text: artificial
sentences.text: insemination
sentences.text: during
sentences.text: his
sentences.text: relationship
sentences.text: with
sentences.text: writer
sentences.text: Patrick
sentences.text: Califia
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Thomas Beatie, who chose to become pregnant because his wife was infertile, wrote an article about his pregnancy in The Advocate.
sentences.text: Thomas
sentences.text: Beatie
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: who
sentences.text: chose
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: become
sentences.text: pregnant
sentences.text: because
sentences.text: his
sentences.text: wife
sentences.text: was
sentences.text: infertile
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: wrote
sentences.text: an
sentences.text: article
sentences.text: about
sentences.text: his
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: The
sentences.text: Advocate
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: The Washington Post further broadened the story on March 25 when blogger Emil Steiner called Beatie's pregnancy the first legally male pregnancy on record, in reference to the state of Oregon recognizing Beatie as male.
sentences.text: The
sentences.text: Washington
sentences.text: Post
sentences.text: further
sentences.text: broadened
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: story
sentences.text: on
sentences.text: March
sentences.text: 25
sentences.text: when
sentences.text: blogger
sentences.text: Emil
sentences.text: Steiner
sentences.text: called
sentences.text: Beatie
sentences.text: 's
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: first
sentences.text: legally
sentences.text: male
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: on
sentences.text: record
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: reference
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: state
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: Oregon
sentences.text: recognizing
sentences.text: Beatie
sentences.text: as
sentences.text: male
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: He gave birth to a girl (Susan Juliette Beatie) on June 29, 2008.
sentences.text: He
sentences.text: gave
sentences.text: birth
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: girl
sentences.text: (
sentences.text: Susan
sentences.text: Juliette
sentences.text: Beatie
sentences.text: )
sentences.text: on
sentences.text: June
sentences.text: 29
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: 2008
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Although these individuals have XX chromosomes, from the standpoint of gender identity they are pregnant men.
sentences.text: Although
sentences.text: these
sentences.text: individuals
sentences.text: have
sentences.text: XX
sentences.text: chromosomes
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: from
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: standpoint
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: gender
sentences.text: identity
sentences.text: they
sentences.text: are
sentences.text: pregnant
sentences.text: men
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: This section is from the perspective of humans,but of course remains valid for many animals.
sentences.text: This
sentences.text: section
sentences.text: is
sentences.text: from
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: perspective
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: humans
sentences.text: ,but
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: course
sentences.text: remains
sentences.text: valid
sentences.text: for
sentences.text: many
sentences.text: animals
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: (main reference's, idea by Dr Robert Winston,supported by Dr Lockwood and bioethicist Glenn McGee)
sentences.text: (
sentences.text: main
sentences.text: reference
sentences.text: 's
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: idea
sentences.text: by
sentences.text: Dr
sentences.text: Robert
sentences.text: Winston
sentences.text: ,supported
sentences.text: by
sentences.text: Dr
sentences.text: Lockwood
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: bioethicist
sentences.text: Glenn
sentences.text: McGee
sentences.text: )
sentences.text: Since most men lack a womb, alternative measures would have to be made for an nontubal abdominal ectopic pregnancy.
sentences.text: Since
sentences.text: most
sentences.text: men
sentences.text: lack
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: womb
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: alternative
sentences.text: measures
sentences.text: would
sentences.text: have
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: be
sentences.text: made
sentences.text: for
sentences.text: an
sentences.text: nontubal
sentences.text: abdominal
sentences.text: ectopic
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Oral doses of female hormones would be administered to the man to make him receptive to the pregnancy.
sentences.text: Oral
sentences.text: doses
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: female
sentences.text: hormones
sentences.text: would
sentences.text: be
sentences.text: administered
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: man
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: make
sentences.text: him
sentences.text: receptive
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: In vitro fertilization techniques would be used to induce an ectopic pregnancy by implanting an embryo and placenta into the abdominal cavity, just under or into the peritoneum.
sentences.text: In
sentences.text: vitro
sentences.text: fertilization
sentences.text: techniques
sentences.text: would
sentences.text: be
sentences.text: used
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: induce
sentences.text: an
sentences.text: ectopic
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: by
sentences.text: implanting
sentences.text: an
sentences.text: embryo
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: placenta
sentences.text: into
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: abdominal
sentences.text: cavity
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: just
sentences.text: under
sentences.text: or
sentences.text: into
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: peritoneum
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: In women, such pregnancies have 5% viability rate.
sentences.text: In
sentences.text: women
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: such
sentences.text: pregnancies
sentences.text: have
sentences.text: 5
sentences.text: %
sentences.text: viability
sentences.text: rate
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Once implantation was complete, the man would stop taking hormones, because the pregnancy itself would take over.
sentences.text: Once
sentences.text: implantation
sentences.text: was
sentences.text: complete
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: man
sentences.text: would
sentences.text: stop
sentences.text: taking
sentences.text: hormones
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: because
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: itself
sentences.text: would
sentences.text: take
sentences.text: over
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: The embryo would secrete sufficient hormones to maintain its own growth and development.The
sentences.text: The
sentences.text: embryo
sentences.text: would
sentences.text: secrete
sentences.text: sufficient
sentences.text: hormones
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: maintain
sentences.text: its
sentences.text: own
sentences.text: growth
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: development.The
sentences.text: delivery would require open surgery (Cesarean section) to remove the baby and the placenta.
sentences.text: delivery
sentences.text: would
sentences.text: require
sentences.text: open
sentences.text: surgery
sentences.text: (
sentences.text: Cesarean
sentences.text: section
sentences.text: )
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: remove
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: baby
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: placenta
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: The latter would be the real danger because it forms such intimate connections with surrounding blood vessels that a massive hemorrhage would be likely.
sentences.text: The
sentences.text: latter
sentences.text: would
sentences.text: be
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: real
sentences.text: danger
sentences.text: because
sentences.text: it
sentences.text: forms
sentences.text: such
sentences.text: intimate
sentences.text: connections
sentences.text: with
sentences.text: surrounding
sentences.text: blood
sentences.text: vessels
sentences.text: that
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: massive
sentences.text: hemorrhage
sentences.text: would
sentences.text: be
sentences.text: likely
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Implantation might also involve other structures in the abdomen, including the bowel, and it is possible that parts of other organs might have to be removed.
sentences.text: Implantation
sentences.text: might
sentences.text: also
sentences.text: involve
sentences.text: other
sentences.text: structures
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: abdomen
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: including
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: bowel
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: it
sentences.text: is
sentences.text: possible
sentences.text: that
sentences.text: parts
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: other
sentences.text: organs
sentences.text: might
sentences.text: have
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: be
sentences.text: removed
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Several physicians who were well-accustomed to advanced and dangerous forms of ectopic pregnancies would have be on-hand to handle any complications.
sentences.text: Several
sentences.text: physicians
sentences.text: who
sentences.text: were
sentences.text: well-accustomed
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: advanced
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: dangerous
sentences.text: forms
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: ectopic
sentences.text: pregnancies
sentences.text: would
sentences.text: have
sentences.text: be
sentences.text: on-hand
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: handle
sentences.text: any
sentences.text: complications
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: The real problem with a male pregnancy of this type is not its plausibility, but if the man could survive it.
sentences.text: The
sentences.text: real
sentences.text: problem
sentences.text: with
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: male
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: this
sentences.text: type
sentences.text: is
sentences.text: not
sentences.text: its
sentences.text: plausibility
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: but
sentences.text: if
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: man
sentences.text: could
sentences.text: survive
sentences.text: it
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: In women, ectopic pregnancies are generally removed as soon as possible.
sentences.text: In
sentences.text: women
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: ectopic
sentences.text: pregnancies
sentences.text: are
sentences.text: generally
sentences.text: removed
sentences.text: as
sentences.text: soon
sentences.text: as
sentences.text: possible
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: The fetus would also be in danger of complications because it would be deprived of the protection of a uterus.
sentences.text: The
sentences.text: fetus
sentences.text: would
sentences.text: also
sentences.text: be
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: danger
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: complications
sentences.text: because
sentences.text: it
sentences.text: would
sentences.text: be
sentences.text: deprived
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: protection
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: uterus
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: An alternative to simple induction of an ectopic pregnancy is the use of a womb transplant from a donor, or an artificial one.
sentences.text: An
sentences.text: alternative
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: simple
sentences.text: induction
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: an
sentences.text: ectopic
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: is
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: use
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: womb
sentences.text: transplant
sentences.text: from
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: donor
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: or
sentences.text: an
sentences.text: artificial
sentences.text: one
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: The first uterine transplant was performed in Saudi Arabia in 2000, from one woman to another.
sentences.text: The
sentences.text: first
sentences.text: uterine
sentences.text: transplant
sentences.text: was
sentences.text: performed
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: Saudi
sentences.text: Arabia
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: 2000
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: from
sentences.text: one
sentences.text: woman
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: another
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: This advance drew speculation about the possibility of a male receiving a womb transplant, and bearing a child from the transplanted womb.
sentences.text: This
sentences.text: advance
sentences.text: drew
sentences.text: speculation
sentences.text: about
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: possibility
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: male
sentences.text: receiving
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: womb
sentences.text: transplant
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: bearing
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: child
sentences.text: from
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: transplanted
sentences.text: womb
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Womb transplants to males have been successfully performed in animals.
sentences.text: Womb
sentences.text: transplants
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: males
sentences.text: have
sentences.text: been
sentences.text: successfully
sentences.text: performed
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: animals
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: An extremely rare condition in which a fetus can grow inside the body is called " fetus in fetu ".
sentences.text: An
sentences.text: extremely
sentences.text: rare
sentences.text: condition
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: which
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: fetus
sentences.text: can
sentences.text: grow
sentences.text: inside
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: body
sentences.text: is
sentences.text: called
sentences.text: "
sentences.text: fetus
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: fetu
sentences.text: "
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: This is a developmental abnormality in which a fertilised egg splits as if to form identical twins, but one half gets enveloped by the other, and an entire living organ system with torso and limbs can develop inside the host.
sentences.text: This
sentences.text: is
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: developmental
sentences.text: abnormality
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: which
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: fertilised
sentences.text: egg
sentences.text: splits
sentences.text: as
sentences.text: if
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: form
sentences.text: identical
sentences.text: twins
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: but
sentences.text: one
sentences.text: half
sentences.text: gets
sentences.text: enveloped
sentences.text: by
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: other
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: an
sentences.text: entire
sentences.text: living
sentences.text: organ
sentences.text: system
sentences.text: with
sentences.text: torso
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: limbs
sentences.text: can
sentences.text: develop
sentences.text: inside
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: host
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: The abnormality occurs in 1 in 500,000 live births in humans.
sentences.text: The
sentences.text: abnormality
sentences.text: occurs
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: 1
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: 500,000
sentences.text: live
sentences.text: births
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: humans
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: The case of Sanju Bhagat, a man from Nagpur, India, attracted attention in 1999 for the length of time (36 years) he had carried his parasitic twin inside his body, and the size of the growth.
sentences.text: The
sentences.text: case
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: Sanju
sentences.text: Bhagat
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: man
sentences.text: from
sentences.text: Nagpur
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: India
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: attracted
sentences.text: attention
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: 1999
sentences.text: for
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: length
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: time
sentences.text: (
sentences.text: 36
sentences.text: years
sentences.text: )
sentences.text: he
sentences.text: had
sentences.text: carried
sentences.text: his
sentences.text: parasitic
sentences.text: twin
sentences.text: inside
sentences.text: his
sentences.text: body
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: size
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: growth
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Since Bhagat had no placenta, the growth had connected directly to his blood supply.
sentences.text: Since
sentences.text: Bhagat
sentences.text: had
sentences.text: no
sentences.text: placenta
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: growth
sentences.text: had
sentences.text: connected
sentences.text: directly
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: his
sentences.text: blood
sentences.text: supply
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Various mythologies feature male characters giving birth, but such events typically take place in an entirely different fashion than an ordinary female pregnancy, such as Athena springing fully-formed from Zeus's forehead, or Dionysus being born from his thigh.
sentences.text: Various
sentences.text: mythologies
sentences.text: feature
sentences.text: male
sentences.text: characters
sentences.text: giving
sentences.text: birth
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: but
sentences.text: such
sentences.text: events
sentences.text: typically
sentences.text: take
sentences.text: place
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: an
sentences.text: entirely
sentences.text: different
sentences.text: fashion
sentences.text: than
sentences.text: an
sentences.text: ordinary
sentences.text: female
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: such
sentences.text: as
sentences.text: Athena
sentences.text: springing
sentences.text: fully-formed
sentences.text: from
sentences.text: Zeus
sentences.text: 's
sentences.text: forehead
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: or
sentences.text: Dionysus
sentences.text: being
sentences.text: born
sentences.text: from
sentences.text: his
sentences.text: thigh
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: In Hindu mythology, Lord Vishnu gives birth to Lord Brahma thus: a lotus emerges from his navel, like an external placenta and womb, carrying Brahma within.
sentences.text: In
sentences.text: Hindu
sentences.text: mythology
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: Lord
sentences.text: Vishnu
sentences.text: gives
sentences.text: birth
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: Lord
sentences.text: Brahma
sentences.text: thus
sentences.text: :
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: lotus
sentences.text: emerges
sentences.text: from
sentences.text: his
sentences.text: navel
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: like
sentences.text: an
sentences.text: external
sentences.text: placenta
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: womb
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: carrying
sentences.text: Brahma
sentences.text: within
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Male mythological figures may become pregnant when rendered female in some way, such as the shapeshifter Loki turning into a mare to distract a stallion and ending up giving birth to Sleipnir.
sentences.text: Male
sentences.text: mythological
sentences.text: figures
sentences.text: may
sentences.text: become
sentences.text: pregnant
sentences.text: when
sentences.text: rendered
sentences.text: female
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: some
sentences.text: way
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: such
sentences.text: as
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: shapeshifter
sentences.text: Loki
sentences.text: turning
sentences.text: into
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: mare
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: distract
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: stallion
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: ending
sentences.text: up
sentences.text: giving
sentences.text: birth
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: Sleipnir
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Thematically, pregnancy can be related to the issues of parasitism and gender.
sentences.text: Thematically
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: can
sentences.text: be
sentences.text: related
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: issues
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: parasitism
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: gender
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Some science fiction writers have picked up on these issues, in " cross-gender " themes e.g., Octavia E. Butler's Bloodchild.
sentences.text: Some
sentences.text: science
sentences.text: fiction
sentences.text: writers
sentences.text: have
sentences.text: picked
sentences.text: up
sentences.text: on
sentences.text: these
sentences.text: issues
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: "
sentences.text: cross-gender
sentences.text: "
sentences.text: themes
sentences.text: e.g.
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: Octavia
sentences.text: E.
sentences.text: Butler
sentences.text: 's
sentences.text: Bloodchild
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Ursula K. Le Guin's award-winning The Left Hand of Darkness, which contains the sentence " The king was pregnant ", explores a society in which pregnancy can be experienced by anyone, since gender is variable within each person's lifetime.
sentences.text: Ursula
sentences.text: K.
sentences.text: Le
sentences.text: Guin
sentences.text: 's
sentences.text: award-winning
sentences.text: The
sentences.text: Left
sentences.text: Hand
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: Darkness
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: which
sentences.text: contains
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: sentence
sentences.text: "
sentences.text: The
sentences.text: king
sentences.text: was
sentences.text: pregnant
sentences.text: "
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: explores
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: society
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: which
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: can
sentences.text: be
sentences.text: experienced
sentences.text: by
sentences.text: anyone
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: since
sentences.text: gender
sentences.text: is
sentences.text: variable
sentences.text: within
sentences.text: each
sentences.text: person
sentences.text: 's
sentences.text: lifetime
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Lois McMaster Bujold's Ethan of Athos features an all-male society in which men use artificial wombs, but experience many of the psychological effects of pregnancy (anticipation, anxiety, etc.).
sentences.text: Lois
sentences.text: McMaster
sentences.text: Bujold
sentences.text: 's
sentences.text: Ethan
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: Athos
sentences.text: features
sentences.text: an
sentences.text: all-male
sentences.text: society
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: which
sentences.text: men
sentences.text: use
sentences.text: artificial
sentences.text: wombs
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: but
sentences.text: experience
sentences.text: many
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: psychological
sentences.text: effects
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: (
sentences.text: anticipation
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: anxiety
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: etc.
sentences.text: )
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: In Marge Piercy's feminist utopian novel Woman on the Edge of Time, neither men nor women get pregnant, leaving that to artificial wombs, but both sexes may lactate and nurse the infant; the specifically female experiences of pregnancy and nursing were opened to men in the cause of gender equality.
sentences.text: In
sentences.text: Marge
sentences.text: Piercy
sentences.text: 's
sentences.text: feminist
sentences.text: utopian
sentences.text: novel
sentences.text: Woman
sentences.text: on
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: Edge
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: Time
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: neither
sentences.text: men
sentences.text: nor
sentences.text: women
sentences.text: get
sentences.text: pregnant
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: leaving
sentences.text: that
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: artificial
sentences.text: wombs
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: but
sentences.text: both
sentences.text: sexes
sentences.text: may
sentences.text: lactate
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: nurse
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: infant
sentences.text: ;
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: specifically
sentences.text: female
sentences.text: experiences
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: nursing
sentences.text: were
sentences.text: opened
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: men
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: cause
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: gender
sentences.text: equality
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Sheri S. Tepper uses male pregnancy as a form of political commentary in The Fresco, when intergalactic peace officers take politicians at their word that all life is sacred.
sentences.text: Sheri
sentences.text: S.
sentences.text: Tepper
sentences.text: uses
sentences.text: male
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: as
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: form
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: political
sentences.text: commentary
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: The
sentences.text: Fresco
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: when
sentences.text: intergalactic
sentences.text: peace
sentences.text: officers
sentences.text: take
sentences.text: politicians
sentences.text: at
sentences.text: their
sentences.text: word
sentences.text: that
sentences.text: all
sentences.text: life
sentences.text: is
sentences.text: sacred
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Male pregnancy has featured on television.
sentences.text: Male
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: has
sentences.text: featured
sentences.text: on
sentences.text: television
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: In season 4 of the popular machinima series Red vs. Blue, a Covenant Elite impregnated Tucker with a parasitic embryo.
sentences.text: In
sentences.text: season
sentences.text: 4
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: popular
sentences.text: machinima
sentences.text: series
sentences.text: Red
sentences.text: vs.
sentences.text: Blue
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: Covenant
sentences.text: Elite
sentences.text: impregnated
sentences.text: Tucker
sentences.text: with
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: parasitic
sentences.text: embryo
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: At the end of the season Tucker gave birth to a miniature alien off-screen; it was named Blargity-Blarg Tucker, and is also called Junior or Abomination.
sentences.text: At
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: end
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: season
sentences.text: Tucker
sentences.text: gave
sentences.text: birth
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: miniature
sentences.text: alien
sentences.text: off-screen
sentences.text: ;
sentences.text: it
sentences.text: was
sentences.text: named
sentences.text: Blargity-Blarg
sentences.text: Tucker
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: is
sentences.text: also
sentences.text: called
sentences.text: Junior
sentences.text: or
sentences.text: Abomination
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Two comedy films centered around male pregnancy: Rabbit Test (1978) and Junior (1994).
sentences.text: Two
sentences.text: comedy
sentences.text: films
sentences.text: centered
sentences.text: around
sentences.text: male
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: :
sentences.text: Rabbit
sentences.text: Test
sentences.text: (
sentences.text: 1978
sentences.text: )
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: Junior
sentences.text: (
sentences.text: 1994
sentences.text: )
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: The latter's attempts are somewhat scientifically feasible; the former does not address the matter.
sentences.text: The
sentences.text: latter
sentences.text: 's
sentences.text: attempts
sentences.text: are
sentences.text: somewhat
sentences.text: scientifically
sentences.text: feasible
sentences.text: ;
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: former
sentences.text: does
sentences.text: not
sentences.text: address
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: matter
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: In The Fairly OddParents television movie Fairly OddBaby, it is revealed that it's the male fairies who carry the children.
sentences.text: In
sentences.text: The
sentences.text: Fairly
sentences.text: OddParents
sentences.text: television
sentences.text: movie
sentences.text: Fairly
sentences.text: OddBaby
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: it
sentences.text: is
sentences.text: revealed
sentences.text: that
sentences.text: it
sentences.text: 's
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: male
sentences.text: fairies
sentences.text: who
sentences.text: carry
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: children
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Babies are taken out by magic.
sentences.text: Babies
sentences.text: are
sentences.text: taken
sentences.text: out
sentences.text: by
sentences.text: magic
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: In the Sims 2, both sexes can have babies while in the adult stage.
sentences.text: In
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: Sims
sentences.text: 2
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: both
sentences.text: sexes
sentences.text: can
sentences.text: have
sentences.text: babies
sentences.text: while
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: adult
sentences.text: stage
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Males can be taken by aliens and come back expecting an alien baby.
sentences.text: Males
sentences.text: can
sentences.text: be
sentences.text: taken
sentences.text: by
sentences.text: aliens
sentences.text: and
sentences.text: come
sentences.text: back
sentences.text: expecting
sentences.text: an
sentences.text: alien
sentences.text: baby
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Luckily for the male sims, once they give birth, the alien sim can be raised like a normal sim.
sentences.text: Luckily
sentences.text: for
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: male
sentences.text: sims
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: once
sentences.text: they
sentences.text: give
sentences.text: birth
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: alien
sentences.text: sim
sentences.text: can
sentences.text: be
sentences.text: raised
sentences.text: like
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: normal
sentences.text: sim
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Virgil Wong, a performance artist, created a hoax site claiming to detail his pregnancy featuring a fictitious male pregnancy.
sentences.text: Virgil
sentences.text: Wong
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: performance
sentences.text: artist
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: created
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: hoax
sentences.text: site
sentences.text: claiming
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: detail
sentences.text: his
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: featuring
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: fictitious
sentences.text: male
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: In fanfiction, the concept of male pregnancy is abbreviated to " mpreg "; although it is more common in slash stories, it occasionally is written into a " het " pairing.
sentences.text: In
sentences.text: fanfiction
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: concept
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: male
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: is
sentences.text: abbreviated
sentences.text: to
sentences.text: "
sentences.text: mpreg
sentences.text: "
sentences.text: ;
sentences.text: although
sentences.text: it
sentences.text: is
sentences.text: more
sentences.text: common
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: slash
sentences.text: stories
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: it
sentences.text: occasionally
sentences.text: is
sentences.text: written
sentences.text: into
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: "
sentences.text: het
sentences.text: "
sentences.text: pairing
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Mpreg is more common in fanfiction based on a fantasy or science fiction setting, where a canon-compliant explanation for male pregnancy may be given.
sentences.text: Mpreg
sentences.text: is
sentences.text: more
sentences.text: common
sentences.text: in
sentences.text: fanfiction
sentences.text: based
sentences.text: on
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: fantasy
sentences.text: or
sentences.text: science
sentences.text: fiction
sentences.text: setting
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: where
sentences.text: a
sentences.text: canon-compliant
sentences.text: explanation
sentences.text: for
sentences.text: male
sentences.text: pregnancy
sentences.text: may
sentences.text: be
sentences.text: given
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: An early episode of Star Trek Enterprise, aptly named " Unexpected ", the Chief Engineer: Charles Tucker III (Trip) becomes pregnant with an Xyrillian child by means of prolonged touching.
sentences.text: An
sentences.text: early
sentences.text: episode
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: Star
sentences.text: Trek
sentences.text: Enterprise
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: aptly
sentences.text: named
sentences.text: "
sentences.text: Unexpected
sentences.text: "
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: Chief
sentences.text: Engineer
sentences.text: :
sentences.text: Charles
sentences.text: Tucker
sentences.text: III
sentences.text: (
sentences.text: Trip
sentences.text: )
sentences.text: becomes
sentences.text: pregnant
sentences.text: with
sentences.text: an
sentences.text: Xyrillian
sentences.text: child
sentences.text: by
sentences.text: means
sentences.text: of
sentences.text: prolonged
sentences.text: touching
sentences.text: .
sentences.text: Dewedar, Rasha (2008-7-19) How Tracy Became the Pregnant man IslamOnline .net, http://www.islamonline .net/servlet/Satellite?c=Article C&amp;cid=1216207853005&amp;pagename=Zone-English-HealthScience%2FHSELayout
sentences.text: Dewedar
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: Rasha
sentences.text: (
sentences.text: 2008-7-19
sentences.text: )
sentences.text: How
sentences.text: Tracy
sentences.text: Became
sentences.text: the
sentences.text: Pregnant
sentences.text: man
sentences.text: IslamOnline
sentences.text: .net
sentences.text: ,
sentences.text: http
sentences.text: ://www.islamonline
sentences.text: .net/servlet/Satellite?c=Article
sentences.text: C&amp;cid=1216207853005&amp;pagename=Zone-English-HealthScience
sentences.text: %2FHSELayout
text: Male pregnancy refers to the incubation of one or more embryos or fetuses by the male of any species. Almost all pregnancies in the animal kingdom are carried by female organisms. In all heterogamous species, the males produce the spermatozoa and rarely, if ever, host the zygote. The Syngnathidae family of fish has the unique characteristic where females lay their eggs in a brood pouch on the male's chest, and the male incubates the eggs. Fertilization may take place in the pouch or before implantation in the water. Included in Syngnathidae are seahorses, the pipefish, and the weedy and leafy sea dragons. Syngnathidae is the only family in the animal kingdom to which the term " male pregnancy " has been applied. Some intersex people with XY chromosomes develop entirely female bodies and, if the individual has a uterus, can gestate an embryo conceived in the lab. The typical karyotype for a male is XY, so in this case the pregnant person has a Y chromosome. Animals too can be intersexed, depending on specificities of the species involved. Some transmen (female-to-male transgender people) who interrupt hormone treatments can become pregnant, while still identifying and living as male. This is possible for individuals who still have functioning ovaries. For example, Matt Rice bore a child in 1999 by artificial insemination during his relationship with writer Patrick Califia. Thomas Beatie, who chose to become pregnant because his wife was infertile, wrote an article about his pregnancy in The Advocate. The Washington Post further broadened the story on March 25 when blogger Emil Steiner called Beatie's pregnancy the first legally male pregnancy on record, in reference to the state of Oregon recognizing Beatie as male. He gave birth to a girl (Susan Juliette Beatie) on June 29, 2008. Although these individuals have XX chromosomes, from the standpoint of gender identity they are pregnant men. This section is from the perspective of humans,but of course remains valid for many animals. (main reference's, idea by Dr Robert Winston,supported by Dr Lockwood and bioethicist Glenn McGee) Since most men lack a womb, alternative measures would have to be made for an nontubal abdominal ectopic pregnancy. Oral doses of female hormones would be administered to the man to make him receptive to the pregnancy. In vitro fertilization techniques would be used to induce an ectopic pregnancy by implanting an embryo and placenta into the abdominal cavity, just under or into the peritoneum. In women, such pregnancies have 5% viability rate. Once implantation was complete, the man would stop taking hormones, because the pregnancy itself would take over. The embryo would secrete sufficient hormones to maintain its own growth and development.The delivery would require open surgery (Cesarean section) to remove the baby and the placenta. The latter would be the real danger because it forms such intimate connections with surrounding blood vessels that a massive hemorrhage would be likely. Implantation might also involve other structures in the abdomen, including the bowel, and it is possible that parts of other organs might have to be removed. Several physicians who were well-accustomed to advanced and dangerous forms of ectopic pregnancies would have be on-hand to handle any complications. The real problem with a male pregnancy of this type is not its plausibility, but if the man could survive it. In women, ectopic pregnancies are generally removed as soon as possible. The fetus would also be in danger of complications because it would be deprived of the protection of a uterus. An alternative to simple induction of an ectopic pregnancy is the use of a womb transplant from a donor, or an artificial one. The first uterine transplant was performed in Saudi Arabia in 2000, from one woman to another. This advance drew speculation about the possibility of a male receiving a womb transplant, and bearing a child from the transplanted womb. Womb transplants to males have been successfully performed in animals. An extremely rare condition in which a fetus can grow inside the body is called " fetus in fetu ". This is a developmental abnormality in which a fertilised egg splits as if to form identical twins, but one half gets enveloped by the other, and an entire living organ system with torso and limbs can develop inside the host. The abnormality occurs in 1 in 500,000 live births in humans. The case of Sanju Bhagat, a man from Nagpur, India, attracted attention in 1999 for the length of time (36 years) he had carried his parasitic twin inside his body, and the size of the growth. Since Bhagat had no placenta, the growth had connected directly to his blood supply. Various mythologies feature male characters giving birth, but such events typically take place in an entirely different fashion than an ordinary female pregnancy, such as Athena springing fully-formed from Zeus's forehead, or Dionysus being born from his thigh. In Hindu mythology, Lord Vishnu gives birth to Lord Brahma thus: a lotus emerges from his navel, like an external placenta and womb, carrying Brahma within. Male mythological figures may become pregnant when rendered female in some way, such as the shapeshifter Loki turning into a mare to distract a stallion and ending up giving birth to Sleipnir. Thematically, pregnancy can be related to the issues of parasitism and gender. Some science fiction writers have picked up on these issues, in " cross-gender " themes e.g., Octavia E. Butler's Bloodchild. Ursula K. Le Guin's award-winning The Left Hand of Darkness, which contains the sentence " The king was pregnant ", explores a society in which pregnancy can be experienced by anyone, since gender is variable within each person's lifetime. Lois McMaster Bujold's Ethan of Athos features an all-male society in which men use artificial wombs, but experience many of the psychological effects of pregnancy (anticipation, anxiety, etc.). In Marge Piercy's feminist utopian novel Woman on the Edge of Time, neither men nor women get pregnant, leaving that to artificial wombs, but both sexes may lactate and nurse the infant; the specifically female experiences of pregnancy and nursing were opened to men in the cause of gender equality. Sheri S. Tepper uses male pregnancy as a form of political commentary in The Fresco, when intergalactic peace officers take politicians at their word that all life is sacred. Male pregnancy has featured on television. In season 4 of the popular machinima series Red vs. Blue, a Covenant Elite impregnated Tucker with a parasitic embryo. At the end of the season Tucker gave birth to a miniature alien off-screen; it was named Blargity-Blarg Tucker, and is also called Junior or Abomination. Two comedy films centered around male pregnancy: Rabbit Test (1978) and Junior (1994). The latter's attempts are somewhat scientifically feasible; the former does not address the matter. In The Fairly OddParents television movie Fairly OddBaby, it is revealed that it's the male fairies who carry the children. Babies are taken out by magic. In the Sims 2, both sexes can have babies while in the adult stage. Males can be taken by aliens and come back expecting an alien baby. Luckily for the male sims, once they give birth, the alien sim can be raised like a normal sim. Virgil Wong, a performance artist, created a hoax site claiming to detail his pregnancy featuring a fictitious male pregnancy. In fanfiction, the concept of male pregnancy is abbreviated to " mpreg "; although it is more common in slash stories, it occasionally is written into a " het " pairing. Mpreg is more common in fanfiction based on a fantasy or science fiction setting, where a canon-compliant explanation for male pregnancy may be given. An early episode of Star Trek Enterprise, aptly named " Unexpected ", the Chief Engineer: Charles Tucker III (Trip) becomes pregnant with an Xyrillian child by means of prolonged touching. Dewedar, Rasha (2008-7-19) How Tracy Became the Pregnant man IslamOnline .net, http://www.islamonline .net/servlet/Satellite?c=Article C&amp;cid=1216207853005&amp;pagename=Zone-English-HealthScience%2FHSELayout