Coronavirus: Masana kimiyya na rige-rigen samar da maganin cutar
Sabuwar cuta mai kisa. Dubban mutane sun kamu da ita. Babu riga-kafi. Babu magani.
Inside the US laboratory developing a coronavirus vaccine Mun dade muna zuwa nan. A shekara biyar da ta wuce kawai, duniya ta fuskanci barkewar cututtuka kamar Ebola da Zika da wani nau'in cutar Coronavirus da ake kira Mers (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome), sai kuma yanzu da wata kwayar cuta da ake kira "2019-nCoV". Ta riga ta kama duban mutane ta kuma kashe fiye da mutum 100. Sai dai ba kamar barkewar wasu cututtuka da dama a baya ba, inda ake kwashe shekaru kafin a samar da maganin da zai kare mutane kamuwa da cutar, nan take aka fara binciken samar da maganin dakile barkewar wannan cutar sa'o'i kadan da gano ta. Jami'an China sun fitar da tasu kwayar halitta da wuri. Wannan bayanin ya taimaka wa masana kimiyya gano inda cutar ta fito, yadda cutar ka iya sauyawa yayin da take ci gaba da yaduwa da kuma yadda za a kare mutane daga kamuwa da ita. Da taimakon ci gaban fasaha da kuma mayar da hankali da gwamnatoci a fadin duniya suka yi kan samar da kudin gudanar da binciken cututtukan da ke bullowa, cibiyoyin bincike sun samu damar fara aikinsu da wuri. Hanzari cikin rashin tabbas A dakin binciken 'Inovio's lab' da ke San Diego, masana kimiyya na yawan amfani da sabon nau'in fasahar DNA (kwayar halittan jikin dan adam) su samar da magani. "INO-4800 " - kamar yadda ake kiran shi a yanzu - na da nufin shiga gwajin mutane a farkon lokacin zafi. Kate Broderick, babbar mataimakiyar shugaban bincike da ci gaba a Inovio ta ce; "muddin China ta samar da jerin kwayar halittar wannan cutar, mun samu mun shigar cikin komfutar fasaha da ke dakin gwaje-gwajenmu sannan muka samar da magani cikin sa'a uku. "Magungunanmu na kwayar halittar dan adam da ke bayar da kariya kamar littafi ne da ke amfani da jerin kwayar halittar dan adam daga kwayar cutar zuwa wasu sassa na cutar, wanda muke da yakinin cewa karfin jikin dan adam zai dauki maganin. "Sai mu yi amfani da kwayoyin jikin mai jinyar ya zama wata ma'aikata ta magani, yana karfafa jikin ta yadda zai samu waraka". A dakin binciken 'Inovio's lab' da ke San Diego, masana kimiyya na yawan amfani da sabon nau'in fasahar DNA (kwayar halittan jikin dan adam) su samar da magani Inovio ya ce idan har muka yi nasara a gwajin farko, za mu ci gaba da gwajin da dama, musamman inda aka samu barkewar cutar a China "zuwa karshen shekara". Zai yi wuya mu yi hasashen ko barkewar wannan cutar ka iya karewa zuwa lokacin. Amma idan abubuwa suka yi daidai da shirin Inovio, kamfanin ya ce zai kasance sabon magani mafi hanzarin samar da waraka da aka taba samu aka kuma gwada a wani yanayi na barkewar cuta. A baya da aka samu irin wannan barkewar cutar Sars a shekarar 2002 - China ba ta yi hanzarin sanar da duniya abinda take ciki ba. A lokacin da aka fara aiki tukuru don samar da magani, tura ta riga ta kai bango. Yadda cutar Coronavirus ta yadu cikin lokaci Ayyukan da ake gudanarwa a dakin gwaje-gwaje na samun tallafin kudi daga hadakar kungiyar masu kirkire-kirkiren na shirin bullar annoba (Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (Cepi),) wanda ya hada da gwamnatoci da kungiyar masu aikin sa kai da ke ba da tallafin kudi daga kasashen da ke fadin duniya. An samar da kungiyar ne bayan bullar barkewar cutar Ebola a yammacin Afirka domin samar da tallafin kudi na samar da magungunan cutar. Dakta Melanie Saville, daraktar binciken magani da kuma ci gaba a Cepi, ta ce: "burinmu shi ne tabbatar da cewa, barkewar cuta ba zai zama barazana ga dan adam ba sannan a ci gaba da samar da maganin cututtukan da ka iya bullowa." 'Hada sinadarai' Kungiyar Cepi tana kuma ba da tallafin kudi ga wasu shirye-shirye da ke ci gaba da samar da magani ga wannan sabuwar cutar Coronvirus. Jami'ar Queensland na aiki da wasu "hadin sinadaran" magani wanda ta ce, "yana taimakawa wajen samar da maganin cututtuka." Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya WHO na shirya wannan aikin ne a fadin duniya don samar da sabon magani Kamfanin Moderna Inc da ke Massachusetts ya hada kai da US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, cibiyar yaki da cututtuka ta kasar Amurka domin hanzarta binciken da su ke gudanarwa. Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya WHO na shirya wannan aikin ne a fadin duniya don samar da sabon magani. Ta ce tana bibiyar ci gaban aikin wasu cibiyoyin gudanar da bincike, har da guda ukun da Cepi ke bai wa tallafi. Duk da cewar ana ta kokarin samar da magani ga wannan sabuwar cutar, bincike kan gano maganin na mataki farko har yanzu a dukkanin cibiyoyin gudanar da binciken da ke rige-rigen samo sabon maganin. Gwaje-gwajen na daukar lokaci kuma ya fi dacewa a yi shi a inda aka samu bullar cutar. Babu dai tabbacin ko daya daga cikin magungunan da aka samar kawo yanzu zai yi tasiri isasshe da za a iya amfani da shi a barkewar cutar na China. Ana Maria Henao-Restrepo daga shirin gaggawa na WHO: "mun tsara aiki ta yadda za mu samu shawarwari kan wane magani/magunguna da aka gudanar da bincike kansu za a fara gwadawa. "Masanan za su yi la'akari da abubuwan da suka hada da amintaccen tsatson maganin, tabbatar da jikin dan adam zai yi daidai da maganin da kuma samun isasshen maganin a ko da yaushe cikin lokaci. "Fahimtar cutar da yawanta da yaduwarta da yawan gwajin da kuma ci gaba da inganta maganin ta yadda ba zai ki yin aiki ba muhimmin abubuwa ne na dakile yaduwar cutar." Kungiyar WHO na shirin yanke shawarar wane magani za a fara gwadawa kan dan adam a 'yan kwanaki masu zuwa. Epidemic v pandemic: What's the difference?