Tashin hankali a Mozambique: Me ya sa aka jibge sojojin Amurka a kasar?
Karuwar munanan hare-hare da mayakan da ke ikirarin jihadi ke kai wa yankin arewacin Cabo Delgado ya tilasta wa gwamnati sauya matakan da take dauka na yaki da ta'addanci a kasar Mozambique.
Dubban mutane sun rasa muhallansu Gwamnatin na gayyato tawagar masu bayar da shawara na sojojin Amurka domin taimakawa a yakin da ake yi a kasar. Wacce rawa sojojin Amurka ke takawa? Yarjejeniyar da aka kulla tsakanin Mozambique da gwamnatin Amurka, ita ce sojojin Amurkar za su bai wa sojin Mozambique horo na musamman a yaki da mayakan al-Shabaab da ake kyautata zaton suna da alaka da mayakan jihadin. Ofishin jakadancin Amurka ya ce dakaru na musamman za su taimaka wa sojin Mozambique domin magance hare-haren ta'addanci a kasar. "A bayyane take cewa Amurka na son fadada ikonta a kasar," in ji Jasmine Opperman, mai sharhi kan tashe-tashen hankula da sa ido kan tashe-tashen hankulan siyasa a kasashen duniya. Sai dai ta kara da cewa tashin hankalin ya fara ne daga yankin "amma Amurka na kokarin fadada shi zuwa mayakan jihadi da alakanta su da wani bangare na mayakan IS". A ranar 10 ga watan Maris gwamnatin Amurka ta ayyana mayakan al-Shabaab a Mozambique da "kungiyar 'yan ta'adda ta kasashen ketare", tare da bayyana ta da wani bangare na kungiyar IS. Ita ma kasar Portugal da ta yi wa Mozambique mulkin mallaka ta yi tayin bai wa sojojin kasar horo. "Za mu aika ma'aikata da suka hada da akalla masu ba da horo 60 zuwa Mozambique, domin bai wa sojin ruwa da na sama horo," in ji wani jami'in gwamnatin Portugal. An samar da sansanonin 'yan gudun hijira a yankin Cabo Delgado Sojojin haya Duk da cewa gwamnatin Mozambique ta ce ba ta san da zaman su ba, amma akwai dakarun da aka dauko haya da ke aiki kafada-da-kafada da jami'an tsaron kasar. Tun a shekarar 2019 sojojin hayar Rasha na kungiyar Wagner suna aiki a yankin Cabo Delgado. An yi amannar cewa ko a baya-bayan nan, kamfanin samar da tsaro na Dyck Advisory Group (DAG) da ke Afirka ta Kudu, na gudanar da aiki a kasar bayan da ya samu gayyatar gwamnati domin taimakawa a yaki da ta'addanci. Rahoton kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam ta Amnesty International ya yi zargin cewa kamfanin DAG da dakarun gwamnati sun ci zarafin farar hula a yankin Cabo Delgado, yayin da su kuma mayakan jihadin suka kashe farar hula da ba su ji ba, ba su gani ba. Kamfanin DAG ya musanta zargin tare da cewa binciken bai yi adalci ba. "A duk lokacin da aka samu zargi irin wannan na cin zarafin farar hula da ya shafi kamfanin samar da tsaro mai zaman kan shi, ya na zubarwa da gwamnati kima," in ji Emilia Columbo, wata babbar jami'a a Cibiyar Tsare-Tsare da Nazarin Kasashen Duniya da ke Washington. Ana kuma ci gaba da nuna damuwa kan karuwar zarge-zarge kan irin wadannan kamfanoni. Mukaddashin mai tsare-tsare na cibiyar yaki da ta'addanci da ke Amurka John Godfrey ya ce babu wani taimako da sanya sojin haya a lamarin ya haifarwa gwamnati wadda ta firgita da hare-haren mayakan jihadin. Matsugunan wucin gadi da aka yi wa farar hula a arewacin Mozambique Me ke haddasa rikicin? Yankin Cabo Delgado ya dade yana fuskantar rashin zaman lafiya, amma tayar da kayar bayan mayakan jihadin ya faro ne a shekarar 2017. Yanki ne da ke fama da bakin talauci, da tashin hankali kan mallakar filaye da rashin aikin yi. Sai dai Cabo Delgado na da matukar muhimmanci ga gwamnati, saboda yanki ne mai tarin albarkatun kasa, wanda yana daga cikin dalilan rikici kan filaye sakamakon albarkar mai da iskar gas da ake da ita a wajen wadda manyan kamfanoni ke amfana da su. Ta bayyana mayakan jihadin sun samu damar horas da mayaka daga ciki da wajen yankin. "Zan iya cewa lura da saurin yaduwar ayyukansu, hakan ya nuna sun yi nasarar saurin horas da mayaka", in ji Emilia Columbo. "Mun samu rahoton yadda ake cika kwale-kwale da matasan da ke tafiya Cabo Delgado." Kididdigar cibiyar da ke sa ido kan tashin hankali ta fitar, ya nuna daga watan Junairu zuwa Disambar 2020 an samu tashe-tashen hankula sama da 570 a yankin. Wannan sun hada da kashe-kashe, da fillae kan mutane, da satar mutane, da mace-mace sanadiyyar kai hare-haren da ke karuwa a yankin na Cabo delgado. Mummunan lamarin da ya faru mai tada hankali shi ne na fille kawunan mutane 50 a wani fili da aka yi cikin mako guda. Kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam sun rawaito cewa mayakan jihadin sun lalata daukacin gine-ginen da ke arewacin Mozambique. Lamarin ya janyo dubban mazauna yankin sun rasa muhallansu ta hanyar gudun ceton rai. Ofishin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan ayyukan jinkai, ya bayar da rahoton kusan mutane 670,000 ne suka rasa muhallansu a yankunan Niassa da Nampula da ke Cabo Delgado a karshen shekarar 2020.