Makaɗin Najeriya da ya yi fafutukar kare hakkin ɗan adam a Amurka
Shekara uku kafin zanga-zangar nuna wariya, Makaɗin ganga dan Najeriya Babatunde Olatunji ya nuna adawarsa da wariyar launin fata a jihohin kudancin Amurka.
Yana cikin ƴan Afirkan da suka taka muhimmiyar rawa a yaƙi da wariya da neman haƙƙi a Amurka - kuma ya ci gaba da yin hakan, kamar yadda Aaron Akinyemi na BBC ya rubuta. ''Shugabanni tsakanin shekarun 1950 zuwa 1960 sun kwaɗaita ni da ba ni ƙwarin gwiwa,'' kamar yadda Opal Tometi dan Najeriya amma girman Amurka, wanda ya kafa gangamin Black Lives Matter Movement, ya shaida wa BBC. Lokacin da Martin Luther King Jr ya gabatar da wajabinsa na tarihi 'I Have a Dream' a wani maci a Washington shekara 57 da suka gabata, kusan mutum dubu 250 suka halarci taron, ciki har da manyan mutane kamar James Baldwin da Harry Belafonte da Sidney Poitier. Cikin baƙin akwai wadanda ke da muhimmaci amma boyayyu ne kamar - Babatunde Olatunji Makaɗi dan Najeriya. An haife shi a 1927, kuma Bayarabe ne daga jihar Legas, Olatunji ya yi nasarar samun gurbin karatu a Kwalejin Morehouse da ke Atlanta a 1950. Ya kasance wanda ke amfani da mabambantan fasaha a kiɗan ganga, ya saki faya-fayai 17 na kaɗe-kaɗensa, ciki akwai wanda ya yi fice a shekarun 1959, wanda ya ƙirƙira da nufin sanar da ƙasashen yamma ’'waƙoƙin duniya''. Duk da jajircewar Olarunji a duniyar waƙa, wanda suka haɗa da kyautar Grammy, ya yi wa fina-finan Bollywood da masu wasan daɓe waƙoƙi, fafutikarsa ta kare haƙƙi ba boyayya ba ce. "Ya kasance wanda ya sadauƙar da rayuwarsa wajen fafutikar ƴancin walwala, a cewar Robert Atkinson, wanda suka yi haɗaka tare da Olatunji kan labarin rayuwarsa mai taken 'The Beat of My Drum, wanda aka wallafa a 2005, shekaru biyu bayan mutuwarsa. ''Ya cancanci a tuna da shi kan rawar daya taƙa a matsayinsa na ɗan siyasa mai fafutika a gangamin Amurka.'' Alfahari da al'adun Afirka A matsayinsa na ɗalibi, Olatunji ya ci karo da rashin sani da jahilcin da ake da shi kan Afirka kuma ya yi ƙoƙari wajen faɗakar da ƴan uwansa ɗalibai kan waƙoƙin nahiyar da al'adunsu. Ya soma waƙoƙin Afirka a taron ɗalibai a jami'a sannan yana ƙoyar da kiɗan ganga a mujami'un baƙar-fata da Turawa a fadin Atlanta. Babatunde Olatunji ya je Amurka domin karatu a 1950 kuma ya auri Ammiebelle Bush a 1957 ''Baba ya ƙarfafa ƙwarin gwiwa tsakanin Amurkawa ƴan asalin Afirka, ta hanyar nuna wa duniya ƙyawawan al'adun Afirka, ta hanyar da ke tayar da tsimi, wanda suka kafa yanayin da ake ciki yanzu na fafutikar haƙƙi,'' a cewar Atkinson. A lokacin da aka amince da cin tara kan wariyar launin fata a Amurka, Olatunji nan taƙe ya kasnace mai cikakken sani kan wariya, kuma ya soma haɗa kan dalibai domin ƙalubalantar dokar ''Jim Crow'' kan wariya a Kudanci. A 1952, shekaru uku kafin taimakon Rosa Parks ta haifar da bore da ƙauracewa hawan motar Bas din Montgomery a Alabama, Olatunji ya ƙaddamar da tasa zanga-zangar a motocin haya a kudanci. A lokacin, shi da tawagar dalibai sun dauki hayar motar da ke nuna wa baƙar-fata wariya, sannan suka saka tufafin al'adu na ƴan Afirka aka kuma umarci kowa ya zauna a inda yake, laƙabinsu shi ne Amurkawa ƴan asalin Afirka na da ƴanci. Washe gari, sun sake hawa irin wannan mota sanye da tufafin Turawa sannan suka ƙi zaman baya, bayan direban motar ya umarce su da hakan. Olatunji da abokansa sun ci gaba da ƙalubalantar wariya ta wannan hanya duk da barazanar da aka rinƙa musu da gidan yari. ''Mun soma gangami sannu a hankali,'' daga baya ya tuna yadda abin ya kasance. ''Muna tare da wadanda suka yi gwagwarmayar tabbatuwar ƴanci a farkon 1950.'' Haduwar Martin Luther King da Malcolm X Matar Olatunji, mai shekara 89 Iyafin Ammiebelle Olatunji, ta shaida wa BBC cewa yana cikin damuwa sosai ''na ganin ya daƙile matsin da mutane ke fuskanta a al'umomi'', kamar abubuwan da suka faru bayan kazamin rikicin 1965 a yankin da baƙar-fata suka fi yawa a Los Angeles. ''Ya kasance cikakken mai kishin Afirka wanda burinsa shi ne hada kan ƴan Afirka da Amurkawa ƴan asalin Afirka,'' a cewarta. Babatunde Olatunji ya halarci biki a Harlem da Malcolm X domin murnar samun ƴancin Najeriya daga Burtaniya a ranar 1 ga watan October 1960 Olatunji ya zama shugaban dalibai a Morehouse, hakan ya ba shi damar haɗuwa da jagororin tabbatar da ƴanci a 1950, ciki akwai Martin Luther King Jr da Malcolm X. Rawar da ya taƙa ta nema wa baƙar fata ƴanci a Amurka ta kwaɗaitar da haddasa bore da nuna turjiya da mulkin Turawa a yankunan Afirka tsakanin 1950 zuwa 1960. A 1958, ya yi balaguro zuwa Accra domin halartar taron al'ummar Afirka da jagoran nema wa Ghana yanci, Kwame Nkrumah ya shirya. Taron ya samu halartar shugabannin da suka jagoranci ƴanci a ƙasashen Afirka da wakilai daga ƙasashen Afirka 28 da wayanda ake mulka domin tsara yadda matsayinsu zai kasance da yaƙi da mulkin Turawa. Kuna iya karanta wadannan labaran: Mulkin Turawa da wariya A 1957, Martin Luther King Jr ya samu gayyatar Ghana domin halarta bikin 'yancin kai na farko, sannan ya haɗu da Nkrumah. Taron ya yi tasiri sosai kan King, wanda ya samu ƙarfin gwiwa daga fafutikar neman ƴancin Ghana. ''Ghana na da abin da za su fada mana,'' King ya shaida haka a jawabinsa na farko kafin dawo wa Amurka daga Ghana. ''Yana cewa.... mai son mulkin-mallaka ba ya ba da ƴanci ga wanda aka mulka. Dole ka yi fafutika.'' Babatunde Olatunji da na kusanci soai da Martin Luther King da Malcolm X A taron Amurkawa baƙaƙen-fata a 1962, King ya ankarar da mutane da kwatanta mulkin Turawa a Afirka da wariyar da ake nunawa baƙar-fata a Amurka, wanda ya ce kusan abu daya ne. Hakazalika, takwaran King din Malcolm X ya goyi-bayan boren adawa da Turawa mai taken 'Mau Mau' da aka yi a Kenya. Olatunji ya mutu a 2003 kwana guda ya yi bikin cika shekaru 76 da haihuwa Ya kuma gana da shugabannin Afirka da dama domin tattaunawa fafutikar ƴancin Amurkawa ƴan Afirka kuma ya samu goyon baya musamman daga Firaministan farko a Tanzania Julius Nyerere. A 1964, Nyerere ya taimaka wa Malcolm X jan hankalin shugabannin Afirka domin gabatar da ƙudiri a taron ƙungiyar hadin-kan Afirka AU, inda ya bukaci Amurka ta daƙile wariyar launin fata. Malcolm X ya kuma tattauna da ƴancin Afirka a Amurka, inda ya gana da Olatunji, wanda ya kaɗa gangansa a ganganin neman ƴanci bisa bukatarsa. ''Yana da alaƙa ta kut da kut da Martin Luther King da Malcolm X,'' a cewar Atkinson. ''Baba ya kasance matakala tsakanin gwarazan wannan lokaci: King ba shi da son rigima shi ma Malcolm kusan haka abin yake.'' Jajircewa da Buri Olatunji ya yi wasa a taron NAAP da taron shugabancin da King ya shirya a kudanci. A 1960, ya fito a kunɗin waƙoƙin Jazz kan ƴanci! Mun dage! da marubuci Oscar Brown jr da Max Roach. ''Yanayin waƙoƙin mahaifina, da yadda yake zaburarwa da fasaharsa, sakonnin da yake aikewa da soyayyar magoya bayansa na burge ni,'' a cewar daya daga cikin ƴaƴansa hudu, Folasade, kamar yadda ta shaida wa BBC ''Akwai jajircewar aiki wanda ya ɗasa a zuciyar yaransa da mutanen da ke tare da shi,'' a cewarta. Babbar ƴarsa Modupe ta ce: ’'Ƙwazonsa da ɗa'a wajen aiki shaidu ne har zuwa lokacin da rai ya yi halinsa.'' Mahaifinsu ya mutu a 2003 kwana guda bayan ya yi bikin cika shekara 76 da haihuwa. Martabarsa a fagen waƙa da fafutika sun ci gaba da zaburar da masu tasowa wajen cimma muradai, musamman wanda ya shafi ƴan Afirka mazaunan Amurka wadanda suke aiki da misalansa na cike nahiyar da baki.