Coronavirus a duniya: Me ya sa Amurkawa ke jin haushin takunkumi?
A daidai lokacin da aka yi fama da bazuwar annoba, batun saka takunkumi ya haifar da zazzafar takaddamar a fadin Amurka, dangane da abin da ya shafi kula da lafiyar al'umma da 'yancin zamantakewa da 'yancin mutum.
Wasu Amurkawa sun ki sanya kyallen lullube fuska don ba al'adarsu ba ce. Wasu kuwa a kasar suna takaicin yadda ake kin bin dokar sanya dan mayafin lullube fuska. Bob Palmgren tashin farko ya dauki lamarin cikin sauki. Ya bayyana wa abokin huldar cinikinsa cewa lallai ya sanya takunkumi a gidan sayar da abincinsa, na RJ's Bob-Be-Que Shack da ke Mission a jihar Kansas. Abokin cinikin, mutum ne dan shekara arba'in da doriya da ke sanye da hular rajin daukaka darajar Amurka ta "MAGA," ya zaro karamar bindiga, inda ya ce dokar da kasa ta saka ta saka kyalle ba ta hau kansa ba. A cewarsa, zai yi ya Mista Palmgren bayanin tanadin doka da ya dauke masa hakan. Mista Palmgren, wanda tsohon zakakurin sojan Amurka ne, ya nuna wa abokin cinikinsa ba ya son maganar. Bai ji tsoron bindigar ba. "Coronavirus ba ruwan ta da ko kana da bindiga ko ba ka da ita," a cewar Mista Palmgren, inda yake kwatanta tattaunawarsa da abokin ciniki. "Na ce: fice daga nan yanzun nan." Wannan takaddamar ta gidan abinci ta nuna yadda aka samu rarrabuwar kawuna kan bukatar sanya takunkumi a wannan kasa. Mutanen Kansas, tare da fiye da rabin mazaunan kasar, an bukace su da su rinka sanya takunkumi a bainar jama'a, a kokarin da ake yi na daƙile yaduwar kwayar cutar "korona". Sai dai mutane na adawa da dokar. Sanya takunkumin rufe fuska ya zama jigon takaddamar siyasa, a wani bangare da ake yi wa hujjar kimiyya kallon sa-in-sar siyasa. Mafi yawan magoya bayan jam'iyyar Democrats sun goyi bayan sanya makarin fuska, kamar yadda binciken masana na Cibiyar Bincike ta Pew ya nuna. Mafi yawan 'yan jam'iyyar Republican ba sa goyon bayan al'amarin. 'Yan Republican suna koyi da shugaban kasa: Trump ya dade ba ya sanya takunkumin rufe fuska, inda yake nuni da cewa ba daidai ba ne sanya takunkumin lokacin da yake karbar bakuncin shugabannin kasashe a Fadar White House. Ya sanya takunkumin karon farko a bainar jam'a lokacin da ya je rangadi asibitin sojoji farkon wannan watan. Takaddamar sanya takunkumin ya yi ƙamari a ƙarshen makonnin yakin neman zabe. Babban zaɓen dai za a gudanar da shi cikin Nuwamba, kuma masu fafutika a daukacin jam'iyyun biyu, Republican da Democrat suna aiki tukuru don tabbatar da nasarar lashe kuri'un da za a kada. Wasu daga cikinsu na jayayya da takunkumin fuskar: Kamar Timothy Akers, Farfesa a fannin kula da lafiyar al'umma da ke Jami'ar Jihar Morgan, wadda tarihi ya tabbatar asalinta ta bakaken fata ce da ke Baltimore, cewa ya yi: "Muna ganin yadda siyasa da kimiyya ke karon-batta." Takaddamar sanya takunkumin kare fuska ta baibaye yakin neman zabe. Kuma lamarin na nunin fafutikar Amurkawa a tsakanin masu bai wa al'umma kariya da masu ganin cewa kawai mutum na da 'yanci na kashin kansa (ya yi abin da yake so ba tursasawa). Musayar yawu kan takunkumin ta ta'azzara, har ta kai mutum na jinta a kashin kansa. Mista Palmgren, mai gidan abincin RJ's Bob-Be-Que Shack, na ta kokarin bin dokar kasa, har ta kai ga ya shiga takunsaka da abokin cinikin da ya nuna masa bindiga. Akwai dumbin labaran al'amuran da suka auku game da sanya takunkumin a daukacin fadin kasar. Yayin da wani ma'aikacin sayayyar da gasashen nama a Jihar Michigan ya ce wa abokiyar cinikinsa lallai ta sanya mayanin kare fuska, sai ta yi nunin wulakanci, ta mangari wani a cikin gidan sayar da abincin, a cewar jami'an tsaron yankin, ta tsere wa 'yan sanda. Fadan da aka fafata kan takunkumin fuska ya haifar da harba bindiga a kofar kantin kayan masarufi a Los Angles, kamar yadda hukumomi suka bayyana, kuma an halaka wani mawaki Jerry Lewis. Fadan da ake yi kan takunkumin cikas ne ga dagulewar al'amuran da suka shafi lafiyar al'umma da ya munana. Mutane fiye da 3,544,000 a Amurka an tabbatar sun kamu da kwayar cutar, kamar yadda Hukumar Lafiyar ta Duniya WHO ta bayyana, kuma akalla mutane 137,000 suka mutu. Rabuwar kawuna tsakanin masu sanya takunkumin da masu adawa da shi, kamar yadda suke yi wa kansu lakabi, sai dada ƙamari suke yi. Tuntubar bin kadi da aka gudanar a tsakiyar yammaci da daukacin fadin Amurka, mutane na jajircewa kan ra'ayinsu, har da kafa hujjar kare matsayinsu. Mafi yawan wadanda aka tuntuba suna nuna rashin amincewarsu da wadanda suka saba wa ra'ayinsu, kuma suna zarginsu da haifar wa kasar matsalar tattalin arziki da illata lafiyar al'umma. Bacin rai ya bayyana karara a kalaman Susan Wiles, wata malamar fassara ga kurame/bebaye da ta ajiye aiki, lokacin da take bayyana abin da ya faru da ita a wani babban shagon sayar da kaya, Publix da ke bakin ruwa na Vero a Florida. Misis Wiles, wadda ke fama da larurar tabuwar garkuwar jiki (autoimmune), tana hawan keken da ake sarrafawa da na'ura a sashen sayar da kaya, sai kawai wani ma'aikaci "ya yi tsalle ta baya", a cewarta, sannan "ya yi mata kallon tsaf." Tamkar yadda take iya tunawa: "Ya yi ihu: "Ba ki sanya takunkumin fuska ba. Wuri ya rikice. Wani mutumin ya mara masa baya da cewa: 'Barazana ce ga al'umma. A fitar da ita daga nan.; Sai ya yi ihu: 'Mene ya hanaki halartar taron yakin neman zaben Trump?" Da faruwar lamarin, Misis Wiles ta halarci tarukan yakin neman zaben shugaban. Kasancewarta mai goyon bayan Trump, ta ce ba ta sanya takunkumin saboda tana da tabbacin cewa damuwar da ake da ita kan COVID-19 an zuzuta ta ne. "tabbas akwai kwayar cutar korona," a cewarta. "Sai dai mutane na mutuwa ne sanadiyyar mura a kowace shekara." Lokacin da annobar ta yadu a ko'ina, ta ce: "Ba na da wannan ra'ayi. Lamarin ba kamar yadda suke fadi yake ba." Tun bayan karon-battar da ta yi a katafaren shagon Pubix, shagon ya bayar da umarni ga abokan huldar cinikinsa su rinka sanya takunkumin fuska. Dokar ta fara aiki tun daga ranar Talata. Manyan kantina irin su Walmart da CVS da sauransu da ke fadin Amurka tuni suka sanya dokar sanya takunkumin fuska. Wannan lamari ya sanya masu adawa da takunkumin irin su Misis Wiles a mawuyacin hali. Duk da haka wasu sun jajirce kan ra'ayinsu. Neil Melton, manaja ne a harkar gine-gine da ke zaune a kauyen Prairie` a Jihar Kansas, kuma yana kaunar Mista Trump. Dangane da takunkumin, Mista Melton ba ya ganin suna da tasiri: "Babu yadda za ka iya boye wa kwayar korona." Kuma yana ganin dokar sanya takunkumin a Kansas da sauran jihohi misalai ne da ke nuni da "tursasawar gwamnati." Ya bayyana cewa: "Akwai masu rike da mukaman hukuma da ke bibiyar abin da mutane za su mika wuya akai." Cutar dai ta fi yaduwa a kasar a jihohin da suka hada da Oklahoma da Kudancin Carolina da Georgia da jihohin da ke karkashin ikon Conservative da Republican, wuraren da ake hada-hadar tattalin arziki, sannan mutane ba su cika sanya takunkumin fuska ba. Yadda Amurkawan wadannan jihohin suka dauki matsalar takunkumin fuska, ya tuno da lokacin da aka umarci mutane su rinka daura damarar zaman mota, kuma ka da su sha taba a gidan sayar da abinci. Da farko Amurkawa sun ki bin wadannan ka'idojin. Sai dai yanzu suna bin ka'idojin kariyar da kyau. Kodayake dai har yanzu mutane da dama ba sa son sanya takunkumin fuska. Wata mai goyon bayan Trump, Crystal Lynn, jami'ar harkokin mulki a Fairfax da ke Virginia, ta ce ba ta son sanya takunkumi saboda suna gurje mata fata. Masu adawa da takunkumin fuska suna kambama ra'ayinsu karara. Duk da haka daukacin mutane a nan sun amince da shi fiye da wadanda ke zaune a Birtaniya. Kimanin kashi 60 cikin 100 na mutanen Amurka sun ce kusan ko da yaushe za su rinka sanya takunkumi idan za su fita waje, kamar yadda binciken tsarin bin kadin cutar Coronavirus na 'COVID-19 Tracker' ya nuna. A Burtaniya kasa da kashi 20 cikin 100 na mutane suka tabbatar da hakan. Mutanen da ke nazarin cututtuka masu yaduwa na ta kokarin warware takaddamar siyasa da ta raba kan mutane game da sanya takunkumi, inda suke kokarin fahimtar matsayar da mutane suka cimmawa game da ka'idojin kula da lafiyar al'umma. "Wasu mutanen ba sa sanya mayanin fuskar ne saboda a cewarsu ba shi da "tasiri" a cewar David Aronoff, Daraktan sashin kula da cututtuka masu yaduwa na cibiyar aikin Likita a Jami'ar Vanderbilt. "Akwai wasu mutanen da ke ganin mayanin fuskar tamkar keta 'yancinsu ne." A Ra'ayoyin masu adawa da takunkumin fuska da kwararrun masana kan kula da lafiyar al'umma, sun ce sanya takunkumin na hana mutane yada kwayar cutar ga wasu mutanen. Robert Redfild, Daraktan Cibiyar dakile yaduwar cutuka (CDC), ya ce ba da dadewa ba, da zararar kowa ya fara sanya takunkumin fuska a Amurka "kaitsaye" da an shawo kan annobar cikin watanni biyu. Shawarwarinsu na sauyawa a tsawon watannin da suka gabata, sai dai, wasu lokutan akwai rikitarwa. Farkon wannan shekarar ne, jami'an kula da lafiyar al'umma suka ce mutane su daina sanya takunkumin saboda suna ganin babu isasshiyar kariya ga ma'aikatan kula da lafiya. Karshen bazara, fahimtar nazarin kimiyya ya sauya kan yadda kwayar cutar ke yaduwa, sai shawarar da suke bai wa al'umma ta sauya.