Mene ne ke sanya rana yin ja a wasu lokutan?
Hakikanin abin da ke faruwa sananne ne, amma kun san dalilin da ya sanya hakan ke faruwa?
Kun fahimci wani abu daban a kwanan nan? Kun fi ganin hakan a lokacin da rana ta fito ko ta fadi. Rana kan sauya launi zuwa ja, sannan sararin sama ya yi rawaya-rawaya, toka-toka ko ma shuɗi-shuɗi mai duhu. Yanayin kan nuna kamar karin waƙe da annashuwar soyayya, suna ta motsawa.. sai dai mafi a'ala kan haka, shi ne, tsantsar kimiyya Duba a ƙashin kanka, amma ka tuna ka da ma ka kalli rana kacokam kai tsaye! Kuma ka da ka yi tunanin kallonta da tabaron hangen nesa - don tana iya lalata maka idanu, har ta haifar da makanta. Mafi kyawun abin da ke wanzuwa a gari A wasu ɓangarorin na duniya, fitowa da faduwar rana na da ban sha'awa a baya-bayan nan Kyakkyawan yanayin abin da kake hangowa a sama na sanyawa ka/ki rasa ta cewa, amma a nan akwai muhimman al'amuran biyu a gareka/ki: warwatsuwar dishi-dishin haske ('Rayleigh') A haƙura da balgacewar alamun, sai dai ɗaukacin al'amarin abu ne mai kyau a tsohuwar ta'adar kimiyyar Fiziya (lissafin kimiyyar kai-kawon al'amura) da daɗaɗɗun siffofin hasken rana da ke ratsa sararin duniya," a cewar masanin taurari Edward Bloomer na cibiyar nazarin sararin samaniya ta Royal Museum Greenwich. Tashin farko dai muna bukatar fahimtar fasalin haske, wanda ya kunshi launukan hasken ziryan da ke bayyana- ja da rawaya da dorawa da shudi da toka-toka da ruwan goro. "Ɗaukacin wadannan na tattare a hasken rana da ke warwatsuwa - kuma ba ya yin dishi-dishin warwatsuwa daidai-wa-daida," inji Bloomer. Kowane launi na da bambancin tazararsa, wannan ne dalilin da ya sanya kowane launi ke da irin yanayin fitowarsa. Alal misali, shudi-shudi (violet) mai takaitacciyar tazara, yayin da launin ja ke da doguwar tazara (a tsakanin tulluwar tudu da kwarin tafiyar haske). Mataki na gaba, shi ne, fahimtar sararin duniyarmu, da hauhawar yanayin iska- wadda ta hada Okseijin (Oxygen) da muke shaka - kuma ita ta kewaye duniyarmu, har ake samun tabbacin rayuwa a wannan muhalli. Warwatsuwar haske Jar rana mai zafi Daidai lokacin da hasken rana ya keta matakai daban-daban na iska - kowace iska na da nauyinta daban - sai ta tanƙwara shi, kuma ta rarraba shi tamkar ya shiga rukukin tsinin turakun gilashi da ke bayyana komai karara. Sannan, akwai ƙwayoyin zarra da ke lilo a sararin duniya, waɗanda daga bisani ke sanya hasken da ya karkasu ya yi tsallen badaken bazuwa. Yayin da rana ta fito ko ta fadi, karsashin haskenta na dungurar saman matakan sararin duniya ta wani lungu.. daga nan ne "abin al'ajabi" ke fara bayyana. Yayin da siraran sili-silin karsashin hasken rana suka keta saman matakan, sai shudin launi ya yi rabuwar takun tazara, ya sake bazuwa sabanin a ce ya ɓace bat. "Yayin da rana ta sassauka kasa-kasa, muna warwatsa launuka shudi da kore, daga nan sai mu samu rawaya da ja mai kyalli a kan abubuwa," a cewar Bloomer. Lamarin na aukuwa ne saboda gajeruwar tazarar takin takun haske (algashi-algashi da shudi-shudi) sukan bazuwa fiye da hasken da ked a doguwar tazara (rawaya-rawaya da ja-ja).. ta haka yake haifar jerin launuka masu kayatarwa a sama. Amma sama na nunin launin ja! A wuraren da ke da yashi kuwa, a kan ga samaniyar ta zama launin ruwan hoda da ja-ja tamkar na duniyar Mars E, ta yiwu haka lamarin kan kasance, amma kawai abin da ya bayyana ne - sai dai akwai tabbacin cewa ba ta sauya ba ko da kaɗan ne sau daya. Lamarin ya danganta ne da wurin da ka/ki ke a duniya, samanka na iya kasancewa da yanayin ban mamaki mai kayatarwa a halin yanzu saboda yanayin waje ne na musamman. "Burbushin ƙurar hadari, tare da hayaki da abubuwa irin wadannan na da tasirin sauya yanayin da ka/ki ke gani a sama," in ji Bloomer. Don haka idan kana ƙasar Indiya ko California, Chile, Australiya ko wani bangare na Afirka - ko ma dai wane wuri ne da ke daura da jar kasa sararin duniyarka/ki zai damfaru da irin hasken da ke nuni da yanayin wurin. "Tamkar dai al'amarin da ke faruwa ne kadan a duniyar Mars, yayin da kurar ja ta dunguri iska, takan yi tasirin sauya sararin sama ya bayyana da launin jaja-ruwan-goro," a cewar Bloomer. Kuma ko da kana zaune ne a nisan duniya da ke Hamada (ko duniyar Mars), nan ma za ka iya ganin yanayi na daban a sararin sama - ko da yaushe rairayin Sahara (Hamada) kan yi lilo a matakan sararin saman duniya, kuma yayi kai-kawo a daukacin fadin Turai, har zuwa Siberiya da nahiyoyin Amurka. Shin mene ne ke faruwa yanzu? Dokar kulle ta ba mu damar duba yadda yanayin duniya yake sosai Ta yiwu al'amarin da ke aukuwa ba wani abu ba ne na daban, amma sauyin da ke bayyana shi ke juya launin abubuwan da ake ganin daban-daban. "A ɗaukacin lokacin da aka kwashe na zaman kulle mun ga mutane sun fi mayar da hankali wajen kallon sama," a cewar Bloomer yayin da yake murmushi, "ta yiwu saboda babu wani aiki mai yawa da za a yi!" Cikin sinimomi da filayen dandamalin wasannin daɓe, tare da harkokin shaƙatawar dare duk an dakatar da su, mun fi zama ne a gida, kuma muna leke ta taga. Sannan ga shi babu cunkuson ababen hawa, kuma gurɓatar yanayi ya yi matuƙar raguwa, lamarin dai ya taimaka wajen bijiro wa mutane sha'awar kallon sama da taurari, kamar yadda Bloomer ya bayyana. A yi mini shafen launin Bakan-gizo Bakan-gizo da shuɗin laui na mamaye samaniya a wasu lokutan Kwatsam a kan samu bazuwar haske, kuma lamarin ke bayyana dalilin da ya sa a mafi yawan lokuta launin shudi kan kasance lokacin yini ya raba tsaka. Lokacin da rana ta lula sama, sai haskenta ya keta sararin duniya a mike (ba tare da ya rarrabu ba), sai a zuƙe shi lokacin da yake bayyana, kuma launin da ya fi tasirin bayyana shi ne shuɗi. Amma tabbas, abubuwa na sauyawa dangane da yanayi. Idan aka yi ruwan sama lokacin da rana ke da haske, to haskenta zai kasu daban-daban bisa tazarar kowane ɗigon ruwa, har ya haifar da bazuwar launuka a cikin sararin duniya. Mun fahimci al'amarin ne saboda a ƙarni na 19, masanin kimiyyar Fiziya Lord Rayleigh ya himmatu ka'in da na'in tsawon lokacin wajen bin kadin nazarin hasken rana da sararin sama, kuma shi ne mutum na farko da ya bayyana dalilin da ya sanya launin sama ke kasancewa shudi.