Ribonuclease V1 (RNase V1) is a ribonuclease enzyme found in the venom of the Caspian cobra ("Naja oxiana"). It cleaves double-stranded RNA in a non-sequence-specific manner, usually requiring a substrate of at least six stacked nucleotides. Like many ribonucleases, the enzyme requires the presence of magnesium ions for activity.
Ribonuclease V1 is the only ribonuclease enzyme found in the venom of the Caspian cobra.