# Gas Mixtures and Properties

## Special care must be taken for gas mixtures when using the ideal gas law, calculating the mass, the individual gas constant or the density

Mixture of gases are common in many applications. Our most common example is air - mainly consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and water vapor - as moist air. A combustion gas with nitrogen, water vapor and carbon dioxide is an other example.

Special care must be taken for gas mixtures when using the ideal gas law, calculating the mass, the individual gas constant or the density.

### The Ideal Gas Law for a Gas Mixture

The Ideal Gas Law for a perfect or ideal gas adapted for a gas mixture:

p V = mm Rm T                           (1)

where

p = absolute pressure in the mixture (N/m2, lb/ft2)

V = volume of the mixture(m3, ft3)

mm = mass of the mixture (kg, lb)

Rm = the individual gas constant for the mixture (J/kg K, ft lb/slugs oR)

T = absolute temperature in the mixture (oK, oR)

### The Mass of a Gas Mixture

The mass of a gas mixture can be expressed as:

mm = m1 + m2 + .. + mn                             (2)

where

m1 + m2 + .. + mn = the mass of each gas component in the mixture

### The Individual Gas Constant of a Gas Mixture

The individual gas constant of a gas mixture can be calculated as:

Rm = (R1 m1 + R2 m2 + .. + Rn mn) / (m1 + m2 + .. + mn )                           (3)

### The Density of a Gas Mixture

The density of a gas mixture can be calculated as:

ρm = (ρ1 v1 + ρ2 v2 + .. + ρn vn) / (v1 + v2 + .. + vn )                           (4)

where

ρm = density of the gas mixture (kg/m3, lb/ft3)

ρ1 .. ρn = density of each of the components (kg/m3, lb/ft3)

v1 + v2 + .. + vn = volume share of each of the components (m3, ft3)

## Related Topics

• Fluid Mechanics - The study of fluids - liquids and gases. Involves velocity, pressure, density and temperature as functions of space and time
• Gases and Compressed Air - Air, LNG, LPG and other common gas properties, pipeline capacities, sizing of relief valves

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# Gas Mixtures and Properties

## Special care must be taken for gas mixtures when using the ideal gas law, calculating the mass, the individual gas constant or the density

Mixture of gases are common in many applications. Our most common example is air - mainly consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and water vapor - as moist air. A combustion gas with nitrogen, water vapor and carbon dioxide is an other example.

Special care must be taken for gas mixtures when using the ideal gas law, calculating the mass, the individual gas constant or the density.

### The Ideal Gas Law for a Gas Mixture

The Ideal Gas Law for a perfect or ideal gas adapted for a gas mixture:

p V = mm Rm T                           (1)

where

p = absolute pressure in the mixture (N/m2, lb/ft2)

V = volume of the mixture(m3, ft3)

mm = mass of the mixture (kg, lb)

Rm = the individual gas constant for the mixture (J/kg K, ft lb/slugs oR)

T = absolute temperature in the mixture (oK, oR)

### The Mass of a Gas Mixture

The mass of a gas mixture can be expressed as:

mm = m1 + m2 + .. + mn                             (2)

where

m1 + m2 + .. + mn = the mass of each gas component in the mixture

### The Individual Gas Constant of a Gas Mixture

The individual gas constant of a gas mixture can be calculated as:

Rm = (R1 m1 + R2 m2 + .. + Rn mn) / (m1 + m2 + .. + mn )                           (3)

### The Density of a Gas Mixture

The density of a gas mixture can be calculated as:

ρm = (ρ1 v1 + ρ2 v2 + .. + ρn vn) / (v1 + v2 + .. + vn )                           (4)

where

ρm = density of the gas mixture (kg/m3, lb/ft3)

ρ1 .. ρn = density of each of the components (kg/m3, lb/ft3)

v1 + v2 + .. + vn = volume share of each of the components (m3, ft3)

## Related Topics

• Fluid Mechanics - The study of fluids - liquids and gases. Involves velocity, pressure, density and temperature as functions of space and time
• Gases and Compressed Air - Air, LNG, LPG and other common gas properties, pipeline capacities, sizing of relief valves

## Search the Engineering ToolBox

- "the most efficient way to navigate!"

## Engineering ToolBox - SketchUp Extension - Online 3D modeling!

Add standard and customized parametric components - like flange beams, lumbers, piping, stairs and more - to your SketchUp model with the Engineering ToolBox - SketchUp Extension/Plugin - enabled for use with the amazing, fun and free SketchUp Make and SketchUp Pro . Add the Engineering ToolBox extension to your SketchUp from the Sketchup Extension Warehouse!

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The text passage provides information on the properties of gas mixtures and the application of the ideal gas law to such mixtures. It includes formulas for calculating the mass, individual gas constant, and density of a gas mixture but does not contain any specific mathematical questions or answers.

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