// Hacker Cup 2017 // Final Round // Fox Strolls // Jacob Plachta #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include using namespace std; #define LL long long #define LD long double #define PR pair #define Fox(i,n) for (i=0; i=0; i--) #define FoxR1(i,n) for (i=n; i>0; i--) #define FoxRI(i,a,b) for (i=b; i>=a; i--) #define Foxen(i,s) for (i=s.begin(); i!=s.end(); i++) #define Min(a,b) a=min(a,b) #define Max(a,b) a=max(a,b) #define Sz(s) int((s).size()) #define All(s) (s).begin(),(s).end() #define Fill(s,v) memset(s,v,sizeof(s)) #define pb push_back #define mp make_pair #define x first #define y second template T Abs(T x) { return(x<0 ? -x : x); } template T Sqr(T x) { return(x*x); } const int INF = (int)1e9; const LD EPS = 1e-12; const LD PI = acos(-1.0); bool Read(int &x) { char c,r=0,n=0; x=0; for(;;) { c=GETCHAR(); if ((c<0) && (!r)) return(0); if ((c=='-') && (!r)) n=1; else if ((c>='0') && (c<='9')) x=x*10+c-'0',r=1; else if (r) break; } if (n) x=-x; return(1); } #define LIM 500000 int main() { // vars int T,t; int N; int i,j,a,b,h; LL ans1,ans2; static int H[LIM]; static PR P[LIM]; stack ST; set S; set::iterator I; // testcase loop Read(T); Fox1(t,T) { // input Read(N); Fox(i,N) { Read(H[i]); P[i]=mp(H[i],i); } // PART 1: sum of distances ans1=0; // get base sum assuming no bridges Fox(i,N) ans1+=H[i]; ans1*=N-1; Fox1(i,N-1) ans1+=(LL)i*(N-i); // process trees bottom-to-top sort(P,P+N); S.clear(); S.insert(-1); S.insert(N); Fox(i,N) { h=P[i].x; j=P[i].y; // find interval of paths having this as their shortest tree I=S.lower_bound(j); b=*I - 1; I--; a=*I + 1; // subtract total distance saved by bridges ans1-=(LL)h*2*((LL)(j-a)*(b-j) + (b-a)); // insert this tree S.insert(j); } // PART 2: number of bridges ans2=0; // process trees left-to-right while (!ST.empty()) ST.pop(); ST.push(mp(0,0)); Fox1(i,N-1) if (H[i]>=H[i-1]) { // at least as high as envelope's highest point, so build single bridge backwards if (ST.top().x==H[i-1]) ST.pop(); ST.push(mp(H[i-1],i)); ans2++; } else { // clip off higher parts of envelope j=i-1; while (ST.top().x>H[i]) j=ST.top().y,ST.pop(); // build row of bridges back across, and update envelope if (!ST.top().x) ans2+=i-j; else { ans2+=i-ST.top().y; h=ST.top().x,ST.pop(); if (H[i]!=h) ST.push(mp(h,j)); } ST.push(mp(H[i],i)); } // output printf("Case #%d: %lld %lld\n",t,ans1,ans2); } return(0); }