Reproductive rights may also be understood to include education about contraception and sexually transmitted infections. Vasectomy is a surgical procedure for male sterilization or permanent contraception. Therapy with pioglitazone increase the chance of pregnancy in individuals taking oral contraception. In any year only 5% of women of childbearing age use emergency hormonal contraception. Drospirenone has been suggested for potential use as a progestin in male hormonal contraception. Planned Parenthood supports the wide availability of emergency contraception such as the PlanB pill. Breastfeeding served as their only method of contraception and birth spacing. Hegarty blames this decline on the Church's positions on female ordination, contraception and sexuality. This is referred to as combined hormonal contraception. Dienogest has been studied as a form of male hormonal contraception. Before the appearance of effective contraception, infanticide was common in brothels. This is in conflict with the Vatican doctrine on contraception and birth-control. Other factors include shorter birth intervals and possibly a lower likelihood of using reliable contraception. Many early Catholic Church Fathers made statements condemning the use of contraception. Many Western Catholics have voiced significant disagreement with the church's teaching on contraception.