Capacitors should never be subjected to voltages continuously in excess of the rated voltage. Voltages are expressed as root mean square (RMS) voltage. A resistor reduces both output voltage and ripple voltage proportionately. Hz is common for LV [low voltage, under 600 Volts AC] VFDs. Both require a signal related to the output voltage. Digital circuits are electric circuits based on a number of discrete voltage levels. This permits a large gain without any large output offset voltage. This effect can be used to amplify the input voltage or current. Another way to classify alternators is by the number of phases of their output voltage. Reversal is generally described as the percentage of the maximum rated voltage that reverses polarity. Greater reactance leads to smaller currents for the same voltage applied. Non-linear resistors have a value that may vary depending on the applied voltage (or current). The only unknown voltage in this circuit is V. Colors are switched internally by varying the supply voltage. Apparent power is the product of the rms values of voltage and current.