Another version of the boycott is targeted divestment, or disinvestment. The disinvestment campaign is related to other economic and political boycotts of Israel. Absentee landlordism and mortgage redlining also characterize disinvestment. Mid-20th-century political policies greatly contributed to urban disinvestment and decline. Before Hurricane Katrina Eastern New Orleans had begun to suffer from disinvestment and urban decay. Investment in South Africa was ending and an active policy of disinvestment had begun. There were allegation of scam involved in disinvestment of BALCO. As Disinvestment Minister, he led the sale of Maruti, VSNL, Hindustan Zinc among others. A Jamaica Plain neighborhood organization pushed the disinvestment issue into the statewide gubernatorial race. His first opportunity came when the government announced a disinvestment program. In addition he was appointed Minister of State for Disinvestment (Independent Charge). A deeper look into disinvestment in the community can be termed devalorization. Professor J. Lorand Matory is a vocal critic of Israel who supports disinvestment from Israel. These were due to the decade-long practice of disinvestment.