It is believed to be a cause of cholangiocarcinoma via liver fluke transmission. Bidloo contributed to discovery of the life cycle of the liver fluke "Fasciola hepatica". "Bithynia siamensis" serves as a first intermediate host for Southeast Asian liver fluke "Opisthorchis viverrini". James McConnell described the human liver fluke in 1875. Appearance of American liver fluke was reported in Croatia in January 2000. "Dicrocoelium dendriticum" has a similar morphology to "Clonorchis sinensis", the Chinese liver fluke. "Galba neotropica" is the vector typically responsible for fascioliasis (liver fluke) livestock infection. The intermediate hosts of the giant liver fluke belong to the family Lymnaeidae. Liver fluke infections cause serious medical and veterinary diseases. "O. viverrini" is a hermaphroditic liver fluke. James McConnell described the human liver fluke, "Clonorchis sinensis", in 1875. "C. sinensis" is also a food-borne liver fluke. The lancet liver fluke ("Dicrocoelium dendriticum") is a parasitic trematode with a complex life cycle.