Phylogenetic trees are often created by means of parsimony analysis. Another technical approach to Occam's razor is ontological parsimony. Frugality, parsimony, and austerity were characteristics of the virtuous matron. This reclassification was highly supported by maximum parsimony, Bayesian analysis, and morphological characters. In each study Bayesian, Maximum likelihood, and parsimony maximum likelihood trees all produced identical results. Below is a cladogram of ground squirrels (tribe Marmotini) derived from maximum parsimony analysis. William of Ockham is remembered for his principle of ontological parsimony. The precise placement varied based on whether the analysis used parsimony or Bayesian protocol. By the principle of parsimony, or Occam's razor, no networks are warranted. It is the logical principle of parsimony of causes and of economy of scientific notions. As in maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood will evaluate alternative trees. Alternatives methods, such as maximum likelihood, have been developed as an alternative to parsimony reconstruction. In other words, "parsimony" (of the output hypothesis) implies "predictive power". Another guiding idea of science is parsimony, the search for simplicity. In addition, maximum parsimony is not statistically consistent.