Then loose oxide was carded (scrubbed) off, using a carding brush or wheel. Thomas White soon added a carding and fulling mill. The site included a distillery and saw, grist, carding, and fulling mills by 1827. The wool is oiled before carding or combing. Flax requires retting and dressing, while wool requires carding and washing. Scribbling (rough carding), carding, spinning and fly shuttle weaving all became mechanised. The weaver organised the carding, spinning and weaving to the master's specification. He developed the factory system and patented machines for spinning cotton and carding. Fibres less than that form short wool and are described as clothing or carding wool. This step is basically a detangler, prior to carding and spinning into yarn. He was the first to develop factories housing both mechanised carding and spinning operations. Machines for carding and spinning had already been developed but were inefficient. Of this nine shillings was paid for spinning, and nine for carding. Industries included a grain mill, box factory and carding mill. It was used for carding cotton.