Arthur Prior asserts that there is nothing paradoxical about the liar paradox. This leads to seemingly paradoxical resolutions to the grandfather paradox. Most often a riddle is built around a paradoxical or ironical antithesis. This seemingly paradoxical combination of boldness and gentleness leads ultimately to harmony. Consequently, each of his works defend positions that are unpopular, paradoxical and even absurd. The diabolical proverbs are provocative and paradoxical. Several hypotheses to explain the evolution of this seemingly paradoxical behaviour have been proposed. The Cushing reflex is complex and seemingly paradoxical. Using Schein's model, understanding paradoxical organizational behaviors becomes more apparent. Paradoxical reactions are particularly associated with intravenous administration. Koans often appear to be paradoxical or linguistically meaningless dialogues or questions. Germany found an able leader to accomplish the seemingly paradoxical task of conservative modernization. Here, Ellis touches upon the often paradoxical nature of widely reported consensual S&M practices. This can appear to create paradoxical or impossible shapes, such as the Penrose stairs. He was quite paradoxical in his theory.