Fixative is used to prevent pencil and crayon marks from smudging. It can significantly reduce or eliminate speckles and smudging in JPEG images. The Cherokee Native Americans use both white sage and cedar for spiritual cleansing and smudging. The grandmothers also lit smudging incense and prayed. The charcoal of palo santo sticks can also be used for ritual smudging. Sun basking and herbal smudging are also said to purify the beads. Writing in reverse would prevent such smudging. It purpose is to prevent people's fingers from smudging the door. Branding wet stock may result in the smudging of the brand. The kiang exhibits some shoulder smudging. He irrigated his property as early as 1855 and used smudging to fight frost.