Child marriage and female infanticide were prevalent and purdah (veils) were popular for women. Rajputs generally have adopted the custom of purdah (seclusion of women). He opposed "purdah", child marriage, dowry and "sati". The purdah (or veil) is mainly in vogue among Bagri women. He was a staunch opponent of illiteracy, purdah and dowry system. Kashmiri women were selected because they did not observe purdah. The observance of purdah was not strict among the Turks. Bengali Muslim feminist Roquia Sakhawat Hussain depicts a gender-reversed purdah in a futuristic world. The claim was that this was a breach of purdah and sharia law. By the 19th century purdah became customary among Hindu elites. The practice of purdah was later emulated by Hindus in North India. Customs of male guardianship and purdah curtail women's ability to study abroad. Sometimes reactions to purdah adherence can become violent. Suman realises that Bholi is "outside purdah", while she is "inside it". Women have been engaging in efforts to challenge the gender inequality resulting from purdah.