It also ranked Constantinople before the other three Eastern patriarchates of Alexandria, Antioch and Jerusalem. Three out of the five patriarchates of Roman Christendom were under Arab Muslim rule. There are several patriarchates within the Oriental Orthodoxy. Some of the Eastern Catholic patriarchates are active on the same territories. The jurisdictions of the other patriarchates extended over Roman Asia, and the rest of Africa. It was not produced on the advice of any of the old orthodox Patriarchates. Antioch became one of the five original Patriarchates (the Pentarchy) after Constantine recognized Christianity. The four ancient patriarchates are the most senior, followed by the five junior patriarchates. Lengthy negotiations between the two patriarchates failed to produce any agreement. It is one of the five ancient patriarchates of the early church, called the "Pentarchy". Turkey's Armenian Christian community is led by the Armenian Patriarchates of Istanbul and Jerusalem. At the level of the Praetorian Prefectures sat the five Patriarchates. He sent copies of the acts, written by himself, to the five Patriarchates. The new self-declared patriarchates were independent nations defined by their religion.