Typical treatment processes include coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation. Typical treatment processes consist of grates, coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, granular filtration and disinfection. Mixing, flocculation and sedimentation processes are typical treatment stages that precede filtration. Typical operations to achieve this are filtration, centrifugation, sedimentation, precipitation, flocculation, electro-precipitation, and gravity settling. There are four types of instability in emulsions&colon; flocculation, creaming/sedimentation, coalescence, and Ostwald ripening. This involves a series of processes, including coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration. This process is called coagulation or flocculation. Aggregation is the result of the interaction of soil particles through rearrangement, flocculation and cementation. In fact, coagulation and flocculation processes are ongoing once the metal salt coagulants are added. Direct filtration involves a short period of pre flocculation stage followed by the filtration process. Other techniques exist, such as flocculation, filtration and flotation. These filters contain three stages&colon; flocculation, clarification and filtration. The silica particles provide a high strength material when flocculation occurs. Furthermore, the gum prevents flocculation of the pigment particles. These attractive interactions bring the dispersed particles together resulting in flocculation.