Most activators are DNA-binding proteins that bind to enhancers or promoter-proximal elements. Benzophenones (BPs) are widely used in UV filters, fragrance enhancers, and plastic additives. SR proteins recognize intron and exon enhancers and silencers. It may also contain enhancers or other sites to which proteins may bind. Changes in the proteins bound on enhancers reprogram gene expression and affect the cell phenotype. In mRNA, codons also work as exon splicing enhancers. The most well characterized types of CREs are enhancers and promoters. There are many classes of regulatory DNA binding sites known as enhancers, insulators and silencers. Methods include simple brain-training games, chemical enhancers, and electrical brain stimulation. Chemicals used to fight fires may include water, water enhancers, or specially-formulated fire retardants. The majority of observed interactions between promoters and enhancers do not cross TAD boundaries. MSG ranks today as one of the top flavor enhancers after salt and pepper. Deveraux grabs the muscle enhancers Scott used and injects himself. The regulator binding sites are often clustered together into units called enhancers. Recent work has investigated the role of enhancers in morphological changes in threespine stickleback fish.