The oxidizer is the other reactant of the chemical reaction. Making an amide is one of the processes which require ammonia as a reactant. The reagents here may include any used reactant, solvent or catalyst. Characteristic of S1 reactions, solvolysis of a chiral reactant affords the racemate. So we represent the active enzyme as a powerful reactant of the enzymatic reaction. This calculation assumes that only one reaction occurs and that the limiting reactant reacts completely. This is equivalent to Avogadro's number of photons per mole of reactant. A "first order reaction" depends on the concentration of only one reactant (a "unimolecular reaction"). The reactions are due to collisions of reactant species. A negative sign is present to indicate that the reactant concentration is decreasing. As reactant concentration increases, the frequency of collision increases. The "penalty/bonus" factor is that related to a non-hydrogenic reactant or a single-species reaction. In dearomatization reactions the aromaticity of the reactant is permanently lost. It is therefore often classed as an acute phase reactant. Increasing the concentration of the reactant brings about more collisions and hence more successful collisions.