Other monitory tribes in Karshi are Gade, Gbagyi, Hausa, Fulani, Yoruba, Igbo, Idoma and Tiv. Within monitory democracy public political participation is not exclusively achieved through representation. These correspond to three different governing models&colon; the assembly, the representative, and the monitory. It invest in private companies and buys a majority or monitory size share. Monitory institutions developed to democratise and scrutinise power. The earlier term "monitory lizard" became rare by about 1920. Monitory democracy is entrenched by the notion of communicative abundance. Monitory democracy is characterised by institutions which have democratic power-checking effects. Keane calls these mechanisms "monitory bodies"; they function both from within the state and cross-borders. The term "monitory democracy" is introduced in Keane's "The Life and Death of Democracy" (2009).