The gynecological surgeon may remove one (unilateral oophorectomy) or both ovaries (bilateral oophorectomy). A potential risk for oophorectomy performed after menopause is not fully elucidated. Sexual intercourse remains possible after oophorectomy and coitus can continue. The side effects of oophorectomy may be alleviated by medicines other than hormonal replacement. This effect is particularly pronounced for women who undergo oophorectomy before age 45. Oophorectomy for benign causes is most often performed by abdominal laparoscopy.