Fragments from different streams may then be interleaved, and multiplexed over a single connection. In this format, the AC-3 bitstream is interleaved with the video and control bitstreams. Scramblers are essential components of physical layer system standards besides interleaved coding and modulation. Without synchronization, the instructions between the two threads may be interleaved in any order. This packet can be interleaved with Null packets. These layers are interleaved by layers of metal cations. Lowercase letters were therefore not interleaved with uppercase. The light is surrounded by a pair of interleaved bare wire grids or spirals. The Galton Board consists of a vertical board with interleaved rows of pegs. ADSL supports two modes of transport&colon; fast channel and interleaved channel. The Lifting scheme is an optimization where these two computations are interleaved. Instead, they must be interleaved by a merge algorithm. This type of clutch has several driving members interleaved or "stacked" with several driven members. However, in practice, individual fragments are not typically interleaved. Jung subsequently interleaved the seven original parchment sheets at the beginning of the bound volume.