In hydrated subjects immersion will cause diuresis and excretion of sodium and potassium. Mannitol has several effects, including vasodilatation of renal vasculature, osmotic diuresis, and free-radical scavenging. Aquaresis is preferable to diuresis in the treatment of hyponatremia. This is usually a result of osmotic diuresis. Excessive consumption is not recommended due to diuresis, vomiting, dizziness, and drowsiness. The mechanism of diuresis involves the proximal tubule of the kidney. Hypokalemia typically results from loss of potassium through diarrhea, diuresis, or vomiting. Mannitol can be added to assist with diuresis. For forced acid diuresis, ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is sometimes used. It can cure diuresis, dysentery and abdominal pain. Plasma fluid losses due to immersion diuresis occur within a short period of immersion. Checking of diuresis and kidney function. Symptoms in these male rats included&colon; bloody eyes, ataxia, cramps, diuresis, weight loss. Forced alkaline diuresis is, therefore, of limited benefit. Intraperitoneal injection of tomatine results in a decrease of diuresis in rats.