Spalling occurs when the compressive stress exceeds the tensile stress. Usually bending has to overcome both tensile stresses and compressive stresses. These mechanical properties include the response of cartilage in frictional, compressive, shear and tensile loading. This critical stress can be tensile or compressive. The ECM responds to tensile and compressive forces that are experienced by the cartilage. An axial load along the shaft of the femur results in compressive stress. Additional void shrinkage effects will also result from the application of a compressive stress. Depth of compressive residual stress varies depending of the method. The stiff laminae can withstand compressive forces. Hip hiking places excessive side-bending compressive stresses on the lumbar segments. Aggrecan provides intervertebral disc and cartilage with the ability to resist compressive loads. Higher compressive strength might require more cement. There are several ways to measure a gasket material's ability to withstand compressive loading. However, intermediate-length columns will fail by a combination of direct compressive stress and bending. The sesamoid bones protect tendons by helping them overcome compressive forces.