This puts diabetics at increased risk for diabetic complications. It is ineffective and possibly harmful in diabetes mellitus type 1 and diabetic ketoacidosis. Pregabalin and gabapentin may reduce pain associated with diabetic neuropathy. The main risk factor for diabetic neuropathy is hyperglycemia. Urine analysis in patients with diabetic kidney disease is often bland. Citalopram has been found to reduce the symptoms of diabetic neuropathy. The evidence is poorer for treatment of diabetic retinopathy. The diet is also advised to diabetic or obese individuals. Available evidence is insufficient to determine if zonisamide or carbamazepine are effective for diabetic neuropathy. The mechanisms of diabetic neuropathy are poorly understood. An exception is the personal insulin autoinjector used by diabetic patients. Laser photocoagulation can be used in two scenarios for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. There is evidence to support interventions to improve attendance for diabetic retinopathy screening. More treatment information can be found in the article diabetic hypoglycemia. RPE are also involved in diabetic retinopathy.