George Orwell's famous novel "Nineteen Eighty-Four" describes a fictional society of "oligarchical collectivism". Aristotle viewed this model as an oligarchical anathema. Political exclusions and oligarchical tendencies within societies create "linkage failures". He was twice banished for attempting to overthrow the oligarchical party in Syracuse. However, Eurymedon took no steps to prevent the massacre of the oligarchical exiles. In about 550 BC, an oligarchical government seized power. An oligarchical revolution occurred in Athens, in which a group of 400 seized power.