Being atomically thin, defectless graphene is impermeable to all gases. Pradeep discovered several atomically precise clusters or nano molecules of noble metals. Therefore, TMDCs can be easily exfoliated into atomically thin layers through various methods. The implementation then ensures the code executes atomically. Trions have been observed in atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenide semiconductors. Btrfs provides a "clone" operation that atomically creates a copy-on-write snapshot of a file. Transactional memory goes a step further, ensuring that all memory interactions occur atomically. Transactional NTFS allows for files and directories to be created, renamed, and deleted atomically. ALD provides a very controlled method to produce a film to an atomically specified thickness. In Unicode 5.1 and later, however, "chillu" letters are treated as independent characters, encoded atomically. This data can therefore image near atomically sharp buried interfaces with the associated chemical information. This thermal resistance differs from contact resistance, as it exists even at atomically perfect interfaces. WS can also exist in the form of atomically thin sheets. Atomically thin boron nitride has much better oxidation resistance than graphene. Atomically thin TMD sheets are prepared via CVD/MOCVD, enabling low-cost fabrication.