Oceania is the totalitarian oligarchy superstate in which protagonist Winston Smith lives. They see the European Union becoming a technocratic superstate ruled by edict. A province of a federal superstate, ruled by an unelected bureaucracy. In the early 20th century, "superstate" had a similar definition as today's supranational organisations. The federation would have a common parliament and would be governed as a superstate. It was envisioned initially by Muammar Gaddafi as a superstate. After the 'Indian Incident' the Alliance for Democracy is formally converted into a single superstate. It opposes what it sees as the European superstate. Thirty years later, tensions increased when rival superstate Allies began aggressive attacks into Union territory. In December, Gorbachev resigned the presidency of a superstate that had ceased to exist. Eastasia, the last superstate established, emerged only after "a decade of confused fighting". This would lead to description of the "on" superstate as an 'OR-state'.