All the genetic traits for albinism are recessive traits. There are approximately nine types of oculocutaneous albinism, which is mostly an autosomal recessive disorder. White panthers may be the result of albinism, leucism or the chinchilla mutation. A further difference between albinism and leucism is in eye colour. This is in contrast to albinism, for which leucism is often mistaken. This mutation causes the most common form of albinism. The connection between albinism and deafness is well known, though poorly understood. There are different types of oculocutaneous albinism depending on which gene has undergone mutation. This indicates a chinchilla mutation instead of albinism. Certain mutations in OCA2 result in type 2 oculocutaneous albinism. There are other genetic mutations which are proven to be associated with albinism. Type 3 has mutations in melanophilin and is characterized by partial albinism. Some individuals exhibit pigmentary disorders, such as albinism. Such disorders cause other medical problems in conjunction with albinism, and may be treatable. In snakes, partial absence of pigment is more common than absolute albinism.