Seminaries and monastic novitiates also witnessed the forced closure of their institutions. Besides the novitiates there are juniorates attached to some of the convents. It ordained priests, operated schools, and opened housing for novitiates and tertianships. Mother Pauline wrote books and letters; she had chapels and novitiates built. Those entering novitiates became fewer and fewer. After 1804, they were virtually forbidden to accept any new novitiates. Some notable South African brethren completed their novitiates at Mirfield.