Max Jaffe was a distinguished 19th-century German biochemist, pathologist, pharmacologist, and professor. Sir Munir Pirmohamed is a British clinical pharmacologist and geneticist. The NOAEL is determined or proposed by qualified personnel, often a pharmacologist or a toxicologist. Murray was a prominent pharmacologist and botanist. Taiwo Olayemi Elufioye is a Nigerian pharmacologist and researcher. His PhD supervisor was Dr Marthe Louise Vogt a famous British Pharmacologist of German Origin. Artemisinin was isolated by pharmacologist Tu Youyou (Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2015). A German pharmacologist, Arthur Heffter, isolated the alkaloids in the peyote cactus in 1897. One such pharmacologist, Chauncey Leake, was particularly captivated by the then theoretical vinyl ether. He is the grandson of Taiwanese pharmacologist Tu Tsung-ming. Its uterine-contracting properties were discovered by British pharmacologist Sir Henry Hallett Dale in 1906. It was first isolated as an antibiotic by the Italian pharmacologist Giuseppe Brotzu in 1948. One prominent family included Li Xian (pharmacologist) and Li Xun. Rudi Pauwels (born 1960) is a Belgian pharmacologist. Due to his arrest and conviction, he is unable to find work as a pharmacologist.