The fingers are commonly affected by diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and gout. Synovitis may occur in association with arthritis as well as lupus, gout, and other conditions. In his later years, James suffered increasingly from arthritis, gout and kidney stones. Febuxostat is used to treat chronic gout and hyperuricemia. Colchicine is an alternative for those unable to tolerate NSAIDs in gout. They may show signs of chronic gout such as bone erosion. Colchicine is approved in many countries for the treatment of gout and familial Mediterranean fever. He recommended the substance for many ailments, including constipation, gout, rheumatism, and absent-mindedness. It may also be injected into inflamed joints resulting from diseases such as gout. These disorders are characterized by juvenile onset of hyperuricemia, gout, and progressive kidney failure. NSAIDs are often used in treatment of acute gout attacks. Tophi are pathognomonic for the disease gout. While not recommended historically, starting allopurinol during an attack of gout appears to be safe. It quickly became a popular remedy for gout. Probenecid is primarily used to treat gout and hyperuricemia.