In 1871, Edmunds began obtaining chocolate creams from the local confectioner, John Maynard. Appert was a confectioner and chef in Paris from 1784 to 1795. In 1967 Cadbury acquired an Australian confectioner, MacRobertson's, beating a rival bid from Mars. In 1967, Cadbury acquired an Australian confectioner, MacRobertson's, beating a rival bid from Mars. Hans Riegel, Sr., a confectioner from Bonn, started the Haribo company in 1920. Tropinin was appointed a confectioner and a lackey. It was invented by the French confectioner Nicolas Appert. The confectioner Clarnico is synonymous with Hackney Wick. In the 1850s confectioner Thomas Craven acquired a site in Coppergate. Glasse also wrote "The Compleat Confectioner", which was published undated, but probably in 1760. In 1900, he decided to move to the United States where he became a confectioner. He was one of three children of the local confectioner of Czech & German origin.