Like other iodide salts, forms when combined with elemental iodine. Selenium interacts with other nutrients, such as iodine and vitamin E. Sulfur, gallium, selenium, iodine, and bismuth have medicinal applications. The thyroid hormones are created from iodine and tyrosine. It is also attacked by chlorine, bromine, iodine, and sulfur. Strained yogurt is a good source of protein, calcium, iodine, and vitamin B12. The ingestion of iodine prevents iodine deficiency. Common micronutrient deficiencies include&colon; a lack of iron, iodine, and vitamin A. Its properties are thus intermediate between those of chlorine and iodine. Laver seaweed has a high content of dietary minerals, particularly iodine and iron. Before 1950 goiter was a widespread disease caused by iodine deficiency. Kelp ash is rich in iodine and alkali. Desalination removes iodine from water and could increase the risk of iodine deficiency disorders. Laver has a high content of dietary minerals, particularly iodine and iron. A goiter may also develop in children growing up in areas with iodine deficiency.