In programming, XML is used to communicate information between computer programmers and computers alike. Occasionally used by computer system designers and programmers. Pair programming increases the man-hours required to deliver code compared to programmers working individually. Utility programs are application programs designed to aid system administrators and computer programmers. In addition they produced the Microsoft BASIC Compiler aimed at professional programmers. To help meet the next year's deadline, additional programmers, artists, and designers were employed. It was written by Chilean engineers in consultation with a team of 12 British programmers. Copyleft is what helps maintain free use of this software among other programmers. Increasingly, adept end users are taking over many of the tasks previously performed by programmers. This inexactness causes many problems that are familiar to experienced programmers. Short obfuscated Perl programs may be used in signatures of Perl programmers. It covered topics aimed at computer programmers. It is similar to the code-compile-execute cycle known to the computer programmers. Code comes from contributions from proprietary vendors, support companies, and open-source programmers. Kata is a term used by some programmers in the Software Craftsmanship movement.