These reforms included abolishing forced military conscription and slave labor. Universal military conscription has never been enforced. Conscription, or compulsory military service, has been criticized as sexist. Atrocities include deaths from forced conscription and massacres. Certain nobles were exempt from military conscription. Notable mass killings include deaths from forced army conscription and the White Terror. These included deaths from forced conscription and massacres. In wartime, plebeian farmers were liable to conscription. The Kuomintang killed 1,131,000 soldiers before entering combat during its conscription campaigns. Resistance was both widespread and violent, with comparisons made between conscription and slavery. There has been much uproar in Haredi society following actions towards Haredi conscription. Mithridates then ordered conscription and preparations for war. The Swiss have male conscription for military service. On the other hand, these Jews were exempt from the forced military conscription. He emphasized the roles of railroads, republican schools, and universal military conscription.