The bacteria that cause urinary tract infections typically enter the bladder via the urethra. Cystoscopy is endoscopy of the urinary bladder via the urethra. The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. This encourages the bladder to expel urine through the urethra. The male external genitalia include the penis, the male urethra, and the scrotum. A UTI affects parts of the urinary system including the urethra, bladder, and kidneys. More serious consequences include evisceration via the urethra and bladder rupture. He had a patent anus, one bladder, one normal urethra, normal gastrointestinal and genitourinary systems. Diagnosis is by testing the urine, urethra in males, or cervix in females. She contracted sepsis because he left this sponge in her urethra and bladder. This gives rise to the trigone of the bladder and part of the prostatic urethra. In one study researchers sampled subjects' urethra, scrotum and penis. They enclose and protect the vulvar vestibule, urethra and vagina. Some fibers are inserted into the prostate, urethra, and vagina. Treatment is typically with a catheter either through the urethra or lower abdomen.