However, study results comparing weight gain among NSLP participants and nonparticipants are inconclusive. Therefore, SNAP participants tend to be, on average, less food secure than other low-income nonparticipants. In these studies, research participants lived in university live-in facilities alongside nonparticipants. Those who participated scored 20% higher on related STAAR questions then nonparticipants. Thus, the share of Latino nonparticipants are overwhelmingly non-U.S. citizens. These agreements usually state that conference discussions will not be disclosed to nonparticipants. Nonparticipants retain their All-Star status. Participation in neighborhood activities is not mandatory, but nonparticipants might lose face.