Also, various religions discourage or prohibit some or all forms of birth control. Railroad operators have taken steps to discourage and prevent suicides. Retail organizations contend that such taxes discourage retail sales. They also strongly discourage any legal divorce. Some say that these laws may even discourage this kind of production. The defeat, however, did not discourage further attempts being made. Some are feeding deterrents used by the starfish to discourage predation. Medical organizations strongly discourage drinking alcohol during pregnancy. To this end, some discourage labeling individuals according to sexual orientation. A simple progressive tax would also discourage tax avoidance. He offers the example of cigarette lobbyists opposing laws that would discourage smoking. Some jurisdictions have passed laws to discourage entryism. The summary executions were an expedient to discourage further violence. There are calls for government action to discourage overpricing. If this threat were credible, it would discourage the rival from entering.