Effector cells undergo active cytokine secretion and other effector activities. Initiator caspases cleave inactive forms of effector caspases. CD8 T lymphocytes with cytolytic effector activity. It was the result of significant activation of mononuclear cells and synthesis of effector cytokines. Binding of effector molecules either increases or decreases RNR activity. Several subsets of activated effector CD4+ T cells are observed in disease pathology. The second phase is characterized by the activation of effector cells. TALENs stand for transcription activator-like effector nucleases. MHC II complex to nearby effector T cells. This pheromone is one of the most potent known biological effector molecules. SMAD4 is a protein defined as an essential effector in the SMAD pathway. Thus, the relevance of ATP as an allosteric effector is questionable. CD25 expression is lower in comparison with effector memory T cells. Executor genes are expressed only in the presence of a specific TAL effector. CD80 may also play a role in the negative regulation of effector and memory T-cells.