The substances produced included soap, borax, soda ash, salt cake and bleaching powder. The deposits consist of soda, potash, borax and common salt. Known mineral resources are gold, lead, chromite, borax, and salt. Rain was created by filming granulated Borax soap against black at high speed. Either borax or calcium can cross-link guar gum, causing it to gel. Arsenic, being toxic, was replaced by less-toxic borax. The compound borax is used in bleaches, for both clothes and teeth. These are mined industrially as evaporites, such as borax and kernite. Commercially sold borax is partially dehydrated. It is owned by Rio Tinto Minerals (formerly U.S. Borax). Numerous small companies supplied the horses, mules, and wagons for hauling borax and silver ore. Colemanite is a secondary mineral that forms by alteration of borax and ulexite. Death Valley was the scene of much of the company's borax mining operations. ANL used its experience from the BORAX experiments to design the BWR. Francis Marion Smith, who came to be known as "Borax Smith", founded Pacific Borax.