This leads to eutrophication and harmful algal bloom. The resulting eutrophication and algae blooms result in anoxia and dead zones. The main cause is human disturbance, most notably eutrophication, mechanical destruction of habitat, and overfishing. Excess phosphorus excretion can lead to environmental problems, such as eutrophication. Gradual environmental changes through eutrophication or global warming can cause major oxic-anoxic regime shifts. In some cases, river and lake ecosystems continue to be impacted by anthropogenic eutrophication. Terrestrial ecosystems are subject to similarly adverse impacts from eutrophication. The primary source that contributes to the eutrophication is considered as nitrogen and phosphorus. Fire retardants may also affect water quality through leaching, eutrophication, or misapplication. Such nutrients cause eutrophication in surface water. Nitrogen has contributed to severe eutrophication problems in some water bodies. Wetlands are frequently applied to solve the issue of eutrophication. Environmental problems associated with eutrophication are attributed to its widespread use. The chemical imbalances can lead to severe ramifications such as eutrophication. Bioplastics induce higher eutrophication potentials than conventional plastics.