The bright deposit has also been shown to decrease chromate/passivate receptivity, however. Aluminium anodes will passivate where chloride concentration is below 1,446 parts per million. In industry, it is used to dissolve rust from steel and passivate stainless steels. In addition, their method is able to passivate perovskite surface defects and reduce nonradiative recombination. It is used to polish, passivate, and deburr metal parts.