Korea became linked by telegraph to China in 1888 with Chinese controlled telegraphs. The Boxers destroyed railways and cut lines for telegraphs and burned the Yantai mines. He faced difficulties guarding Western settlers, railroads, and telegraphs, from Indian attacks. Much of the Confederacy's infrastructure was destroyed, including telegraphs, railroads and bridges. The Boxers destroyed railways and cut lines for telegraphs. These included post systems, railways, roads, and telegraphs. Under his reign, roads, telegraphs, and railways were constructed and improvements in public health advanced. They created a well-developed system of railways, telegraphs and a modern legal system. Semaphore telegraphs are also called, "Chappe telegraphs" or "Napoleonic semaphore". Both expansions were made possible by advances in overland telegraphs and undersea cables. He also rang "full astern" on the ship's telegraphs. Overseas telegraphs did not fall within the monopoly. It developed from various earlier printing telegraphs and resulted in improved transmission speeds. Several telegraphs sent to Tacna had no answer. Maria telegraphs home and Eduard with Wilfried assisting search local records for evidence.