The independence of Israel sparked mass emigrations and expulsions of Jews from the Arab world. There were also political pressures at the time that favored mass emigrations of Catholics. Major emigrations, notably to Canada, began in 1802. Queen loss can occur due to accidents during emigrations, predator attack, old age or illness. The loss of the Valtellina valley led to further emigrations and loss of political power. In the 19th century, the number of emigrations rose. In 2016, there were 39 registered emigrations from Sweden to Syria. Many joined the mass emigrations to Australia, Canada or the USA. According to Statistics Sweden, in 2016, there were 64 registered emigrations from Sweden to Morocco. The majority of Iranian emigrations have left for the United States, Germany, Sweden, and Canada. Emigrations to cities resulted in more demand than could be met by production. In 2016, there were 132 registered emigrations from Sweden to Somalia. Preottoman Catholic population had a great share in the emigrations from Bosnia and Herzegovina.