The ETS aims to represent the interests of everyone in Europe involved in thermoelectricity. He also improved the voltaic battery and worked on the theory of thermoelectricity. Chen has made major contributions to thermoelectricity, nanotechnology, and thermal engineering. This phenomenon is known as thermoelectricity. CSP is used to produce electricity (sometimes called solar thermoelectricity, usually generated through steam). An important function is to raise awareness of thermoelectricity and its applications in Europe. A variety of effects can be harnessed to produce thermoelectricity, thermionic emission, pyroelectricity and piezoelectricity. Thermoelectricity is caused by the interaction of heat flux and electric current.