Copper(II) squarate monomeric and dimeric mixed-ligand complexes were synthesized and characterized . The mixture consists of monomeric styrene and oligomeric acrylates. In the monomeric and dimeric state, one or two solvent molecules bind to lithium centers. These oligomeric plus strands are then cleaved and ligated to reform the monomeric plus strand. The structure of monomeric and dimeric forms have been characterized in the gas phase. It is a polymeric solid that forms monomeric SeO molecules in the gas phase. It is the dimer of the monomeric compound gallane. Rather, the species found in aqueous solution are monomeric and polymeric oxyanions. At higher temperatures, the dimer cracks into monomeric AlEt. In particular, monomeric, but not tetrameric lactoferrin can strongly bind to DNA. The tetrahalides are volatile solids existing as monomeric tetrahedral molecules in the vapor phase. DBT protein causes phosphorylation and turnover of monomeric PER proteins. In prokaryotes, RNase H2 is enzymatically active as a monomeric protein. Tertiary structure refers to the three-dimensional structure of monomeric and multimeric protein molecules. Free monomeric units and conjugated proteins make up the outer layer.