Ivinskaya's daughter Irina circulated typed copies of the novel in Samizdat. This caused many religious tracts to be circulated as illegal literature or samizdat. Officially suppressed, the essay was circulated in samizdat form and translated into multiple languages. Underground dissident literature, known as "samizdat", developed during this late period. His poems circulated in samizdat, with only four judged as suitable for official Soviet anthologies. This posed a significant risk for dissidents and samizdat authors. This gave rise to Samizdat, a clandestine copying and distribution of government-suppressed literature. In his unpublished book "Samizdat", Kenneth Brown claims that Torvalds illegally copied code from MINIX. Samizdat written from socialist, democratic and Slavophile perspectives dominated the debates. Under communism he was one of the editors of the samizdat quarterly "Arka". Samizdat was the main method of information dissemination. They were banned by the government from publishing, but went on writing in samizdat. The majority of samizdat texts were politically focused. Not everything published in samizdat had political overtones. Literature played a key role in the existence of the samizdat phenomenon.