Montane forests occur between the submontane zone and the subalpine zone. Hikers on the trails climb through montane forest, subalpine and alpine zones. The forests are dominated by lodgepole pine, whitebark pine, subalpine fir, and Engelmann spruce. The riparian zone follows creeks through the subalpine and montane ecosystems at Great Sand Dunes. Banff National Park spans three ecoregions, including montane, subalpine, and alpine. Yukon wolves' main habitats are boreal forests, alpine, subalpine, and Arctic tundra. Banff National Park has a subarctic climate with three ecoregions, including montane, subalpine, and alpine. The temperate western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests grow just below the tree line. From are the eastern and western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests. From to , the montane forests give way to subalpine forests. The vegetation in this harsh alpine zone consists of herbaceous and shrubby subalpine meadows. Sitka spruce, western hemlock, silver fir, mountain hemlock, and subalpine parkland. The mountains are largely covered by subalpine coniferous forests. Forests of fir and Engelmann spruce cover the mountainsides in subalpine areas. At , the moss forest opens into subalpine grassland.