Clayton's output was also compromised by the inherent riskiness of the film business. Betas exceeding one signify more than average "riskiness"; betas below one indicate lower than average. It generates a risk score also which defines riskiness of the transaction. Hence the consumer reacts to increased income riskiness by raising level of saving. Importantly, the discount rate should reflect the riskiness of the benefits. Micromorts can be used to measure riskiness of various day-to-day activities.