This should not be confused with confirmation bias in which the deceiver is deceiving themselves. A sophism is a specious argument for displaying ingenuity in reasoning or for deceiving someone. Max refuses to kill Blaster and confronts Aunty for deceiving him, thus exposing her plot. They each learn that they have been deceiving themselves and must face life's realities. Intentional modification for the purpose of deceiving consumers is extremely rare. Baltar then accuses Gaeta of deceiving him. The truth-value of a prediction is one measure in differentiating between non-deceiving and deceiving models. In the end however all three men are deceiving themselves. On the contrary, as the following example indicates, appearances may often be deceiving. Rose, feeling guilty for deceiving Eli, goes to him. They went back to their homes without fighting, deceiving, or spying. She slaps him for deceiving her and gets him arrested. Hamilton and other supporters believed that he had acted dishonorably in deceiving them. Pwyll agrees, having managed to win back Rhiannon through the deceiving and dishonoring of Gwawl. In this suit, he charged the studio with "deceiving him and suppressing information about syndication".