The wave of secessionist and armed insurrection was running high among the Mizos. During Reconstruction, the rift between Unionist and Secessionist Democrats remained. Previous party affiliation played a part in voter selection, predominantly secessionist Democrat or unionist Whig. What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Marion County was a hotbed of secessionist activity. The Eastern Region formed the core of the secessionist Republic of Biafra. Unionists dismissed this as a front for a secessionist agenda. Queen Anne's was historically the most strongly secessionist and Democratic county in Maryland. Economic and ethnic concerns led to the formation of the Penang Secessionist Committee in 1948. Fernandes supported and endorsed many secessionist movements and groups. A referendum, marred with secessionist violence and intimidation, was held in February. Woodrow Wilson's proclamations on self-determination in 1918 created a surge in secessionist demands. The flag is also a symbol of the Vermont Secessionist movement. Ardent secessionist Pendleton Murrah replaced him in office. Nevertheless, there is no serious secessionist movement.