Berthelot also introduced the convention of capitalizing the kilogram-calorie, as "Calorie". This caused most Europeans to rely on a 1,500 calorie per day diet. Treatment of NAFLD typically involves counseling to improve nutrition and calorie restriction. Underweight individuals may be advised to gain weight by increasing calorie intake. Protein intake increases IGF-1 levels in humans, independent of total calorie consumption. Skimmed milk is sometimes consumed with the intention of reducing or limiting calorie consumption. This caused a significant increase in hominid meat consumption and calorie intake. In general, one can lose weight by being in a calorie deficit. Light beers are marketed primarily to drinkers who wish to manage their calorie intake. The long-term effects of calorie restriction are unknown. In 1879, Marcellin Berthelot distinguished between gram-calorie (modern calorie) and kilogram-calorie (modern kilocalorie). There exist a number of definitions for the non-SI unit, the calorie. This was the "large" calorie, viz.