Hedgerows are often gappy or lost but some hedgerow trees are present. Field boundaries are largely short flailed, gappy hedges. In 2005, Gappy Ranks was featured on the Vice law entertainment mixtapes. His album "Di Captain", released in August 2012, featured Etana and Gappy Ranks. "Head word bigrams" are gappy bigrams with an explicit dependency relationship. They are densely packed on the spike, not loose and gappy like "Carex panicea".