Geochemically anomalous traces occur predominantly in chromian spinels and sulfides. Minor minerals include chromium and aluminium spinels and garnets. The crown contains 36 emeralds, 105 pearls, 34 rubies, two spinels, and 1,469 diamonds. Chromite sand is a solid solution of spinels. Cuprospinel, like many other spinels has the general formula ABO. His earliest scientific work is related to spinels and other minerals. In the circlet are precious stones such as spinels, zircons, and pearls. Magnesioferrite is a magnesium iron oxide mineral, a member of the magnetite series of spinels. The transparent red spinels were called spinel-rubies or balas rubies. Commonly studied mineral crystal families include spinels and perovskites. The mace is encrusted with spinels and diamonds, from end to end. Red spinels, red garnets, and colored glass have been falsely claimed to be rubies. However, the finest red spinels can have values approaching that of an average ruby. Spinels commonly form in high temperature processes. Spinels are mined from the Ipanko deposit.