Monastic granges were outlying landholdings held by monasteries independent of the manorial system. Lordship conferred a set of manorial rights. There are no private courts (i.e.&colon; feudal or manorial courts) in Mexico. Many such rights were enforceable by the serf in the manorial court. The introduction of magistrates gradually rebalanced power away from manorial lords. Historically, local magnates administered justice in manorial courts and other ways. Medieval Penkridge was organised on the manorial system. In 1639, were disafforested, with going to manorial lords and freeholders in compensation. Each of the townships were manorial lands. The castle was still extant in 1263, when it was mentioned in manorial documents. Parishes were the successors of the manorial system and historically had been grouped into hundreds. They were characterized by the low rents which they paid to their manorial lord. With trade stimulated, landowners increasingly moved away from the manorial economy. This "reeve" has been described as "the pivot man of the manorial system". Contemporary poetry extolled the virtue of manorial life.