The spiral is also a symbol of the dialectic process and Dialectical monism. Max Eastman argued that dialectical materialism lacks a psychological basis. Soviet Marxists then developed this tendency to the state doctrine of dialectical materialism. Yet metaphysics itself leads to illusion and dialectical argument. All natural sciences were to be founded on the philosophical base of dialectical materialism. It is associated with the dialectical materialism of Karl Marx. Similarly, he describes this phenomenon as dialectical materialism. Gould shared similar views regarding a heuristic role for dialectical materialism. He devoted one book to criticizing dialectical materialism. Why is reason predisposed to metaphysical, dialectical inferences? Lenin reassessed Feuerbach's philosophy and concluded that it was in line with dialectical materialism. Reich concluded that they were compatible if dialectical materialism was applied to psychology. Marxism has its advantage of a dialectical method. All research, including natural sciences, was to be founded on the philosophy of dialectical materialism. These distinctions, and others, are applicable to both types of Topical argument, rhetorical and dialectical.