Dropped packets or packet retransmissions as well as protocol overhead are excluded. The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) detects packet loss and performs retransmissions to ensure reliable messaging. Their greater payload makes retransmissions of larger packets take longer. This threshold has been demonstrated to avoid spurious retransmissions due to reordering. In Ethernet networks, the algorithm is commonly used to schedule retransmissions after collisions. Instead, retransmissions rely on higher layer protocols. There are no retransmissions, but forward error correction can be optionally applied. On longer distances the delay will force retransmissions. Reliability is achieved by using NACK-based retransmissions (ARQ). URP assumes that cells arrive in order and may force retransmissions if not. The transmitter is informed of success or failure, although there are no retransmissions. In between news retransmissions, the channel displayed weather information, news headlines, and some commercial advertising.