In addition, ultrasonic scalers create tiny air bubbles through a process known as cavitation. The light emitted from cavitation bubbles is termed sonoluminescence. Their origin is seen in a physical phenomenon of ultrasonic cavitation. The bubbles made by cavitation collapse forming tiny jets directed at the surface. The snap can also produce sonoluminescence from the collapsing cavitation bubble. High velocity fragmentation can also increase the effect of temporary cavitation. The new impeller design offers large improvements in hookup as well as reduced pump cavitation. Orifices and venturi are reported to be widely used for generating cavitation. The blades are subject to corrosion and cavitation. HSICs must do without propellers to account for cavitation and vibrations. These phenomena are unrelated to low-pressure cavitation in liquids. These patients have an increased tendency to develop lung abscess, cavitation, empyema, and pleural adhesions. There is no apparent pattern of where cavitation occurs throughout the plant's xylem. These mechanisms are further complicated by effects such as cavitation and pore blocking. The plant xylem sap may be able to detour around the cavitation through interconnections.