Included among catecholamines are epinephrine (adrenaline), norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and dopamine. Lacosamide does not modulate the reuptake of neurotransmitters including norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin. Monoamines are neurotransmitters that include serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. Many neurotransmitters are amines, including epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, and histamine. Cocaine acts by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. It works mainly by increasing the activity of norepinephrine (noradrenaline) on adrenergic receptors. They are about at least 10-fold selective for inhibition of serotonin reuptake over norepinephrine reuptake. Methylphenidate is believed to work by blocking dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake by neurons. Dopamine itself is used as precursor in the synthesis of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine. Methylphenidate binds to and blocks dopamine transporters (DAT) and norepinephrine transporters. Tyrosine is necessary for the production of neurotransmitters like epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine. It is approximately 10 times more potent at inhibiting serotonin uptake than norepinephrine uptake. During REM sleep, the release of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine, serotonin and histamine is completely suppressed. Inhibitory effects on 5-HT, norepinephrine, and dopamine transporters are weak. This results in diminished dopamine and norepinephrine synthesis.