EEG reflects correlated synaptic activity caused by post-synaptic potentials of cortical neurons. Metabotropic dopamine receptors are present both on spiny neurons and on cortical axon terminals. Burst episodes are associated with excitatory activity in cortical neurons. BDNF enhances the growth and survival of cortical neurons and synapses. This progression leads to the neurons and glia that populate cortical layers. There is a difference between cortical and subcortical dementia. MT is connected to a wide array of cortical and subcortical brain areas. PCSK9 may also have a role in the differentiation of cortical neurons. The dentate gyrus receives no direct inputs from other cortical structures. Leptin decreases cancellous bone, but increases cortical bone. Bone tissue is a mineralized tissue of two types, cortical bone and cancellous bone. ACTH also stimulates lipoprotein uptake into cortical cells. The vertebral arch and processes have thicker coverings of cortical bone. Females have less asymmetry than males between left and right hemispheric cortical thickness. There is an approximately logarithmic relationship between brain weight and cortical thickness.