The cyanide is detoxified and excreted in urine as thiocyanate. It is normally metabolized and detoxified from the body by the liver. CRM197 is a genetically detoxified form of diphtheria toxin. DOPAL is detoxified mainly by aldehyde dehydrogenase. At usual doses, NAPQI is quickly detoxified by conjugation with glutathione. In normal circumstances, this metabolite is detoxified by conjugating with glutathione in phase 2 reaction. This finding may be significant because adrenochrome is detoxified at least partially by glutathione-S-transferase. These findings could be applied to clinical treatments for detoxified alcoholics pursuing abstinence. Although toxic to insects, carbaryl is detoxified and eliminated rapidly in vertebrates. Sago produced from cycads must be detoxified before consumption. TEPP and most of the other organophosphates are detoxified by hydrolysis. NNAL can be detoxified by glucuronidation producing a non-carcinogenic compounds known as NNAL-Glucs. The radical appears in metabolism in organisms as HS is detoxified. When they are not detoxified immediately, the symptoms of toxic encephalopathy begin to emerge. Ammonia must then be detoxified at a substantial cost to the cell.