Bendrer later lodged an appeal in cassation against his conviction with the Court of Cassation. It was originally modelled after the French Cour de cassation. The Court of last resort for civil and criminal proceedings is the ""Cour de Cassation"". On 18 November 2011, the Court of Cassation confirmed the acquittal. In 2015, Knox was definitively acquitted by the Italian Supreme Court of Cassation. He eventually did appeal to the Belgian supreme court, The Court of Cassation. The Supreme Court of Cassation invoked the provision of art. The conviction and fines were upheld by the Court of Cassation in 2006. The case is pending before the Court of Cassation. The decision was upheld in November of the same year by the Court of Cassation. The couple later appealed the decision to the Court of Cassation. The Court of Cassation upheld the decision on May 6, 2010. Rudler had hitherto been the judge at the Court of Cassation in Paris. He was acquitted of all charges by the Cassation Court in 1987. Article 147 establishes the Court of Cassation.