The Sushruta mentions various methods including sliding graft, rotation graft and pedicle graft. In the transverse plane, it lies between the lamina and pedicle. The valves are termed brachial and pedicle. The first incisions are through the parenchymal tissue, and separate the medial pedicle. The pedicle valve is typically larger than the brachial. A layer of longitudinal muscles lines the epidermis of the pedicle. The surgeon resects (cuts and removes) an almost-triangular segment of tissue below the medial pedicle. Use of instrumentation (such as pedicle screws) in fusion surgeries varies across studies. The straight ischium has a knob-shaped boss at the inside near the pubic pedicle. Most latter techniques involve tissues with attached pedicle. There is a rare possibility of the tumor detaching itself from the pedicle. Each antler grows from an attachment point on the skull called a pedicle. However, articulate brachiopods of genus "Chlidonophora" use a branched pedicle to anchor in sediment. Muscles at the rear of the body can straighten, bend or even rotate the pedicle. If they are pedunculated, they are attached by a thin stalk (pedicle).