This is done in a configuration called an electrodialysis cell. Some applications of the electrodialysis are explained below. This fouling decreases the efficiency of the electrodialysis system. Electro-electrodialysis is an electromembrane process with three-compartment which combines electrodialysis and electrolysis. The theoretical energy efficiency of this method is on par with electrodialysis and reverse osmosis. Other methods for treating water include UV disinfection, oxidation, and electrodialysis reversal for salinity. The system was installed to minimize the brine from an electrodialysis reversal (EDR) system. The main benefit of electrodialysis is the high recovery, especially in the water recovery. Advantages and drawbacks of both, diffusion dialysis and electrodialysis, are outlined below. This has led to processes like electrodialysis (ED/EDR), forward osmosis (FO) and membrane distillation (MD). Electrodialysis is usually applied to deionization of aqueous solutions. In application, electrodialysis systems can be operated as continuous production or batch production processes. Traditionally, PBI was used semi-permeable membranes for electrodialysis, reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration.