Unions have been using them for years against companies that employ nonunion labor. Complications may include nonunion of the fracture, avascular necrosis, and arthritis. Nonunion is rare; almost all of these fractures heal. There are occasions when an entertainment union worker accepts work in a nonunion project. Previously, only nonunion workplaces had been targeted. By then, the mines and mills were operating with imported, nonunion labor. Thousands of flights were canceled, and thousands of nonunion employees were laid off. Nationwide, organized mines boasted 40% fewer fatalities than nonunion mines. He chose to get rid of the nonunion workforce. He worked for a time for an association of nonunion contractors in California. Patients who smoke have a higher incidence of nonunion. All those wounded were nonunion men. Evidence; from a Cochrane review however, does not show that ultrasound decreases rates of nonunion. The nonunion commercial route comes with downsides for most performers. This method was researched as a solution for nonunion in orthopedic surgery.