It is involved in certain reflexes in response to visual or auditory stimuli. Signs can communicate through any of the senses, visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory, or gustatory. It's a spatially congruent example by combining visual and auditory stimuli. One method for creating subliminal auditory stimuli is called masking. Other effects include vertigo and visual or auditory disturbances. Birds communicate using primarily visual and auditory signals. Reciprocal connections also exist with motor, somatosensory, auditory and visual cortical regions. It shows a wide range of responses to auditory stimuli. Changes in auditory and visual perception are typical. Relating to Auditory Cognitive Psychology is Psychoacoustics. The classic model for learning styles differentiates between Visual, Auditory, and Kinesthetic learners. Stereocilia exist in the auditory and vestibular systems. Individuals with AS often have excellent auditory and visual perception. The seizures of LTLE are characterized by auditory or visual features. Sprenger details how to teach in visual, auditory, or tactile/kinesthetic ways.