These people were then issued passports instead of passbooks. The passport department also employs Muhlbauer systems for passport and passbooks production. One survivor recalled how residents lost their bank passbooks in the fire. Arthashastra mentions the first passport and passbooks in world history. Florence Matomela spearheaded a demonstration which resulted into the burning of passbooks. The coin room was not damaged, and the cash and passbooks remained. Passbooks were kept on shelves behind the shop counter. Passbooks had their origins in the Nineteenth Century as an implement for controlling mine workers.