Additionally, it is important to note that questions phrased ambiguously may confuse test-takers. These three denials are phrased differently. This principle is sometimes phrased as ("Plurality should not be posited without necessity"). His memorably phrased closing statement has long been celebrated. The same thing may be phrased even more abstractly in terms of induced maps. Scott McKeown, however, suggested that Hogan's comment may have been poorly phrased. An if/then statement is phrased as a question posed by a character. Willcox apologised the next day on Twitter, saying his question had been "poorly phrased". Closed-ended questions are sometimes phrased as a statement which requires a response. It can be phrased as a question or as an acknowledgement of one's presence. Selberg's definition can also be phrased equivalently in terms of a generalization of geodesic symmetry. Open-ended questions are phrased as a statement which requires a response. How the polling questions are phrased has a major impact on how people respond. Support for a two state solution varies according to the way the question is phrased. The predominant forms consist of positively and negatively phrased items.