Sometimes this can be caused by one bystander observing other bystanders and imitating their behavior. Many witnesses including bystanders and journalists testify that all those shot were unarmed. They responded by firing 16 shots, killing him but also wounding nine bystanders. In many instances, immediate action by victims, bystanders, or law enforcement officers has saved lives. Eight bystanders were killed and 142 injured. The heroes are trying to get bystanders to flee. It also cost the lives of innocent bystanders. Often, bullying takes place in the presence of a large group of relatively uninvolved bystanders. Bystanders and police arrived shortly after Martin was shot. These tactics produced casualties for both sides and for many civilian bystanders. Five bystanders and one dog on the ground were also killed. In addition, the operation resulted in casualties among civilian bystanders. Two female bystanders, Theresa Paulas and Etta Natalsky, were wounded. Her presence goes unnoticed in the darkness and among the other curious bystanders. Several bystanders and Oracle Arena security personnel intervened to separate the two.