Displacements, torsions, strangulations, and impactions may be identified on rectal examination. Dislocations and disclinations produce torsions and curvature. Furthermore, the product of torsions of Bertrand pairs of curves are constant. Similar considerations apply to the bonds, angles, and torsions in which the pseudo-atom participates. Both approaches focus on the logarithm of torsions and their traces. Unlike other torsions, however, the cremasteric reflex is still active.