It consists primarily of grain husks, pericarp, and fragments of endosperm. The kernel comprise endosperm, germ, pericarp, and tip cap. It lies between the pericarp and the hyaline layer of the endosperm. Xango claims its juice contains xanthonoid compounds from the mangosteen pericarp. The fruit wall (pericarp) is membranous. The fruit lychee also produces BHT in its pericarp. By definition, berries have a fleshy, indehiscent pericarp, as opposed to a dry, dehiscent pericarp. Germination of the seeds involves pretreatment to remove dormancy arising from the thick pericarp. The testa is black and the pericarp dry. The kernel of maize consists of a pericarp (fruit wall) fused to the seed coat. In citrus fruits, the flavedo constitutes the peripheral surface of the pericarp. The endocarp is the innermost layer of a fruit's pericarp. The innermost layer of the pericarp is the endocarp. In dry fruits, the layers of the pericarp are not clearly distinguishable. Some examples of this diversity include differences in pericarp thickness, fruit type, and flowering morphology.