Monarchs often sought to legitimize their power by requiring oaths of fealty from the estates. Germanic warrior culture was significantly based on oaths of fealty. The officers gathered once a year to swear an oath of fealty. The oath known as "fealty" implied lesser obligations than did "homage". Vlad swore fealty to Sigismund who declared him the lawful prince of Wallachia. He then secures the oath of fealty from Alliandre, Queen of Ghealdan. Both parties swore an oath of fealty (Lehnseid) to one another. He claimed that he needed to talk to Stephen before switching his oath of fealty. The kiss of respect has also represented a mark of fealty, humility and reverence. The reason for the oath of fealty is not explained in any primary source. He went to Edirne and swore fealty to Murad II. Fealty and homage were key elements of European feudalism. Isao then has the remaining boys swear vows of fealty. Yiqu was among those defeated and forced to claim fealty to Qin's military prowess. But Eraly notes that Hemu continued to humour Adil Shah with professions of fealty.