The chassis was the primary stressed component, providing the necessary bending and torsional rigidity. This allows the vehicle to have higher torsional rigidity with less weight. It combined the car's low weight with a high amount of torsional rigidity and safety. The body was strengthened, gaining 16% in bending rigidity and 22% in torsional rigidity. Additional chassis modifications resulted in a 25% increase in torsional stiffness. This resulted in double-digit increases in both dynamic and torsional rigidity. These analyzers can test higher modulus materials than torsional analyzers. Stress and strain can be applied via torsional or axial analyzers. However, the HSS has superior resistance to lateral torsional buckling. Causes of the torsional vibration are attributed to several factors. Specifically, they observed a non-classical rotational moment of inertia of a torsional oscillator. This results in a 146% increase in torsional rigidity compared to the previous design. Straight or curved one-dimensional elements with physical properties such as axial, bending, and torsional stiffnesses. A second effect of torsional vibrations applies to passenger cars. These beams also show little resistance to twisting and undergo sectional warping under torsional loading.