Lords required the loyal services of vassals, who were rewarded with fiefs of their own. This derived from a view that ecclesiastical sees were feudal fiefs. Land was granted to the Princes as their fiefs during the Ming. Ministerials fulfilled a range of offices that ran their lieges' fiefs for them. Unlike medieval knights, they were not legally owners of their fiefs. Ottoman property administration consisted of a system of fiefs called "timar" and trusts called "waqf". When the duke refused, Richard seized Aquino (one of Gaeta's few remaining fiefs) in 1058. However, at his death in 1406 the southern Orsini fiefs were confiscated. Instead, most fiefs and lands went to the eldest son. Originally the local courts in Guernsey were ""fiefs"" with the lord of the manor presiding. The conspiracy failed, and Eustace was sentenced to forfeit his English fiefs. It was made of four main fiefs and the Sultan's territory. They established themselves at Timbuktu as a military caste with various fiefs, independent from Morocco. I introduced a series of foreign noble houses in Galicia as tenants of important fiefs. He began the long advance of France eastward by taking control of scattered fiefs.