Much recent scholarship emphasizes Populism's debt to early American republicanism. He grew disillusioned with democracy, republicanism and the United States. Although committed to Republicanism, the Directory distrusted democracy. Do they mean Chartism or Communism or Republicanism? In the late 18th century there was convergence of democracy and republicanism. Two major problems that are antithetical to civic republicanism are poverty and inequality. Instead American conservatives were firmly rooted in American republicanism, which European conservatives opposed. During the Enlightenment there was a great emphasis upon liberty, republicanism and religious tolerance. Green is often associated with green politics, Islamism, agrarianism, or Irish republicanism. Brown discovered he appreciated British parliamentarianism more than American republicanism. One was a radical movement, known as Irish republicanism. The idea of anacyclosis influenced theorists of republicanism. Gobineau was a Legitimist who despaired at France's decline into republicanism and centralization. Fasces are Roman in origin and suggest Roman Republicanism. Javits liked to think of himself as a political descendant of Theodore Roosevelt's Progressive Republicanism.