Austrian existential psychiatrist Viktor Frankl connected depression to feelings of futility and meaninglessness. The Anxiety of Meaninglessness and Emptiness attacks our being as a whole. This meaninglessness also encompasses the amorality or "unfairness" of the world. Alienation, to Blauner, has four dimensions&colon; powerlessness, meaninglessness, isolation, and self-estrangement. This exploration of meaninglessness is a hallmark of existentialism and absurdism. The meaninglessness or meaning of life is largely explored in the philosophical school of existentialism. Hall wrote that he seemed in an "abject despair, accidie, meaninglessness, abulia, waste". Niffenegger, however, believes that the novel does not depict destiny but rather "randomness and meaninglessness". Instead of fleeing the absurd meaninglessness of life, we should embrace life passionately. The meaning, however, resides in its meaninglessness, reflecting the chief principle behind Dadaism. This version was translated word for word, which often led to confusion or meaninglessness. These goals help one overcome life's feeling of meaninglessness. It applies criticism to its own artificial world until it exhausts itself in meaninglessness. Whereas environment signifies noise, meaninglessness, difference, future, and possibilities. The character's apparent meaninglessness was referenced in the original skit.