Orthotics combines knowledge of anatomy and physiology, pathophysiology, biomechanics and engineering. Additionally it influences gait biomechanics by its shape and stiffness. Russell's doctoral research concentrations were in bone biology, craniofacial biomechanics, and paleoanthropology. Neuromechanics is the coupling of neurobiology, biomechanics, sensation and perception, and robotics (Edwards 2010). Broader issues involved include molecular biomechanics. Altering the biomechanics of training and training schedules may reduce the prevalence of stress fractures. The first four goals are oriented to human performance&colon; anthropometry, biomechanics, perception, cognition. Scientific studies have focused on their ontogeny, biomechanics and ecology, among other subjects. Individual joint and muscle biomechanics also directly affect walking speed. Technological advances are allowing psychologists to study the biomechanics of cognitive dissonance. Analysis of wear and the biomechanics of the chewing muscles suggests that they chewed vertically. Some of these feats can alternatively be explained using biomechanics and physics. Such chains occur commonly in robotics, biomechanics, and for satellites and other space structures. Functional movements are movements based on real-world situational biomechanics. The department conducts substantial research in the fields of control theory, thermofluids, biomechanics, and manufacturing.