Dorsal pattern usually consists of very obscure blotching, spotting, and freckling. Symptoms in children include extreme UV sensitivity, excessive freckling, multiple skin cancers and corneal ulcerations. Females have dusky specklings or freckling on the throat; this may extend to the breast. Studies have shown that red hair alleles in MC1R increase freckling and decrease tanning ability. The freckling that develops on the skin is also exceptionally dark and dense. The R162Q allele has a disputed involvement in freckling. The variants that cause red hair are the same that cause freckling.