Both substantive and procedural limitations are enforceable in the courts by judicial review. The legal realm is divided broadly into substantive and procedural law. Senators receive one vote in all matters, procedural and substantive. This "Charter" provision provides both substantive and procedural rights. Formally, this meant that permission for full judicial review on the substantive merits was granted. This examination is held biannually and tests advocates on substantive and procedural law. The nine justices wrote nine opinions disagreeing on significant, substantive matters. However, there is little fundamental hostility to the substantive principles themselves. Auditors gather evidence about these assertions by undertaking activities referred to as substantive procedures. The justices wrote nine separate opinions, disagreeing on significant substantive issues. There have been various criticisms directed at both the substantive and formal approach. China's first post-1949 substantive and procedural Criminal Code was enacted in 1979. Theories other than the most prevalent substantive theories are also discussed. It is a comprehensive code intended to cover all substantive aspects of criminal law. Originalists do not necessarily oppose protection of rights protected by substantive due process.