Several private institutions, including the Institute of Noetic Sciences, conduct and promote parapsychological research. The Institute of Noetic Sciences (IONS) is an American non-profit parapsychological research institute. Together, Wiesner and Thouless collaborated on constructing a hypothetical model to explain parapsychological phenomena. PK hypotheses have also been considered in a number of contexts outside parapsychological experiments. Since the 1980s, contemporary parapsychological research has waned considerably in the United States. Pratt was President of the Parapsychological Association in 1960. In 1964, he became president of the Parapsychological Association. Parapsychological research has also included other sub-disciplines of psychology. Parapsychological experiments into dream telepathy have not produced replicable results. His request was turned down and the Parapsychological Association remained a member of the AAAS. In 1957 the Parapsychological Association was formed at the preeminent society for parapsychology. In 1957, the Parapsychological Association was formed as the preeminent society for parapsychologists. Parapsychological work was also conducted at the Stanford Research Institute (SRI) during this time. The Parapsychological Association (PA) was created in Durham, North Carolina, on June 19, 1957.