She painted on unprimed canvas or white ground with gestural, sometimes violent brushwork. The brushwork was also much freer and more impressionistic. According to John Updike, the work is painted without any painterly brushwork. The background is painted with Pointillist brushwork. American Impressionism is a style of painting characterized by loose brushwork and vivid colors. His paintings are characterized by vigorous brushwork and strong contrasts. Kirchner paints with loose and visible brushwork. Both are characterized by smooth, meticulous brushwork and fine shading of colors. Barbizon landscapes were noted for their looser brushwork, darker palette, and emphasis on mood. Monet's light, spontaneous brushwork creates splashes of colour. He is known for his brushwork and expressive choice of colors. Peterson love to use loose brushwork and bold colors in her paintings. Her direct gaze and the loose, energetic brushwork give the portrait a lively immediacy. He also began painting with a more unified brushwork along with pure strokes of color. Malwa miniature paintings are well known for their intricate brushwork.