Non-sexually transmitted discharges occur from bacterial vaginosis, aerobic vaginitis and thrush or candidiasis. There are several causes of vaginal irritation including fungal vaginitis (like candida) or trichomoniasis. Prophylactic antibiotic treatment for vaginitis, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis and chlamydia may be done. Less common vaginal cysts are endometrial cysts and vaginitis emphysematosa. Vaginal infections or diseases include yeast infection, vaginitis, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and cancer. Hormonal vaginitis includes atrophic vaginitis usually found in postmenopausal women. The yeast "Candida albicans" is the most common cause of vaginitis. Many of the signs and symptoms that accompany menopause occur in atrophic vaginitis. Urinary tract infection, vaginitis, urinary retention, sexually transmitted conditions are related to dysuria. Vaginal bleeding from atrophy, vaginitis, and ulcers also attribute to minor haemorrhaging. The term "atrophic vaginitis" suggests that the vagina is inflamed or infected. Trichomonas vaginitis is an infection acquired through sex that is associated with vaginal discharge. The involvement of MC1R in a rat model of Candida albicans vaginitis was investigated. In post-menopausal women, the walls of the vagina become thinner (atrophic vaginitis). Vaginitis may also be due to a yeast infection.