He was also seen as an esotericist or occultist. The next year she studied with esotericist P. D. Ouspensky. English esotericist Gerald Gardner was at the forefront of the burgeoning Wiccan movement. The philosopher and esotericist Rudolf Steiner spoke in various lectures (now published) about Novalis. Esotericist research by Gwilherm Berthou led to claims that ancient Celtic beliefs had been reconstructed.