There were casualties among the army, civilians, and militants. Amnesty found evidence of Israeli soldiers using Palestinian civilians as human shields. Thousands of the evacuating civilians were killed. About 4,000 Turkish civilians and soldiers participated in the rampage. They also feared retaliation for bombing civilians. SS formations committed many war crimes against civilians and allied servicemen. Morale of both civilians and soldiers continued to sink. The morale of both civilians and soldiers continued to sink. War crimes also include such acts as mistreatment of prisoners of war or civilians. The IRA also killed hundreds of other civilians and members of the security forces. Loyalist paramilitaries responded to the bombing with revenge attacks on Catholics, mostly civilians. He has faced accusations of killing thousands of civilians. Peiper's command became known for atrocities against civilians and prisoners of war. Half of the civilians killed were members of a minority. Of the civilians killed, 61 were children.