In particular, fascism opposes liberalism for its materialism, rationalism, individualism and utilitarianism. Canadian neoconservatives lean more towards individualism and economic liberalism. Collectivism versus individualism is also a theme. Fascism is strongly opposed to the individualism found in classical liberalism. Geert Hofstede is the scholar behind both power distance and individualism and collectivism. The book is widely popular among those advocating individualism and classical liberalism. He emphasized Goethe's "cultural and self-developing individualism", humanism, and cosmopolitanism. It is a new grafted product of American individualism, American idealism, American intolerance. The garments of Ihram are seen as the antithesis of that individualism. Classical liberals were committed to individualism, liberty and equal rights. Halbwachs also began to focus on scientific objectivism rather than his Bergsonian Individualism. Classical liberals were committed to individualism, liberty, and equal rights. Another theme in this film is between individualism and societal conformity. Satan is used as a representation of personal liberty and individualism. America as the symbol and dream of unfettered individualism.