Newsgroup spam is a type of spam where the targets are Usenet newsgroups. The browser could access Usenet newsgroups and FTP files as well. The defendants were an ISP operating Usenet newsgroups. Spamming of Usenet newsgroups actually pre-dates e-mail spam. Admirers discussed rumours related to Lara Croft via usenet newsgroups and ICQ chats. Users were then able to access these Usenet newsgroups through the new Google Groups interface. The format was then picked up on other mailing lists and Usenet newsgroups. Parchive was intended to increase the reliability of transferring files via Usenet newsgroups. The "Mercury News" promoted the upcoming series on Usenet newsgroups weeks in advance. An IRC channel and Newsgroups access via web is available. The petition was publicized through a GeoCities website, various newsgroups and emails, garnering 10,316 signatures. The report includes hate websites, social networks, blogs, newsgroups, YouTube and other video sites. A number of websites exist to keep an index of files posted to binary newsgroups. This triggered a lengthy debate in articles, Internet newsgroups, and web-site chat areas. Many sites carry a restricted newsfeed, with a limited number of newsgroups.