For example, cochineal was replaced by Spanish dyes like minium and alizarin crimson. As noted above, the term minium was used for cinnabar, vermilion, and for red lead. Minium has been identified as one of the pigments at Angkor Wat in Cambodia. Minium is a genus of thalloid alga. Minium is the naturally occurring form of lead tetroxide, PbPbO also known as red lead. For properties and uses of minium see lead tetroxide. Sometimes, red lead (lead tetroxide, also known as minium) is added to sindoor. They used minium for red, generally of a dark tinge. There are three oxides known&colon; PbO, PbO (sometimes called "minium"), and PbO. Minium is a light-to-vivid red and may have brown-to-yellow tints. Minium of red lead was sometimes called "stupium" in classical Latin, adding to the confusion. Minium was widely used for Persian miniature painting and Indian miniature painting.