Gravitational aggregations clustered into filaments, leaving voids in the gaps. These imperfections include porosity, solid inclusions, voids, crazes, etc. Diffusional creep leads to grain-boundary separation, that is, voids or cracks form between the grains. This can reveal voids and other defects. This is accomplished by grouting the voids of blocks containing rebar with concrete. Remaining non-diamond inclusions are removed through laser drilling and filling of the voids produced. This increases wall strength and stability more economically than filling and reinforcing all voids. Under an electric field, charges form on the surface of the voids forming dipoles. This type of limestone easily dissolves when exposed to water, forming caves and natural voids. Electric responses can be caused by any deformation of these voids. At the supercluster scale, galaxies are arranged into sheets and filaments surrounding vast empty voids. Trapped flux residues are also the cause of most voids in the joints. The remainder forms huge voids that are mostly empty of galaxies. The resulting iron filled molds with fewer voids and also shrank less. Water runs through the voids in the pavement to the soil underneath.