Judaism includes the mystical tradition of Kabbalah. Occultist Samael Aun Weor taught emanationism from his studies with the Kabbalah and Gnosticism. The Rosicrucian spiritual path incorporates philosophy, kabbalah, and divine magic. Their origins come from Medieval Kabbalah and the Zohar. Chabad adherents follow Chabad traditions and prayer services based on Lurianic kabbalah. Today it remains one of Judaism's four holy cities and a center for kabbalah. Other Bible commentators, the Kabbalah, and Hasidic philosophy, use hidden approaches. The western mystery tradition associates Lilith with the Qliphoth of kabbalah. In the later Ecstatic Kabbalah, Metatron is a messianic figure. This explanation was accepted and expanded upon in later works of Kabbalah and Hasidic philosophy. The first and most prominent was the popularization of the mystical lore of Kabbalah. Gabriel also has a prominent role as one of God's archangels in the Kabbalah literature. Many of the Jerusalem Jews occupied themselves with study of the codes and the kabbalah. This second model influenced the cosmology of the Kabbalah. Safed became an important center of Kabbalah.