Mucopurulent cervicitis may increase the size of the cervical ectropion. There can be associated eversion of the eyelids (ectropion). He is credited with performing the first Z-plasty for correction of ectropion. If epiphora is caused by ectropion or entropion, lid repair is indicated. It may also be associated with lop ears, ectropion and hypertelorism. However, Boerboels can suffer from hip or elbow dysplasia, vaginal hyperplasia, ectropion, and entropion. Antepartum haemorrhage caused by cervical ectropion can be expected and is typically harmless. Benign causes of postcoital bleeding were associated with cervical erosion, ectropion, vaginitis and vulvovaginitis. Chronic bacterial blepharitis may also lead to ectropion. Ectropion in dogs usually involves the lower eyelid. The treatment for ectropion varies depending on the severity of the condition. Improvement in the eclabium and ectropion can also be seen in a matter of weeks. Entropion, ectropion, ptosis, and eyelid tumors are commonly treated by various forms of eyelid surgery. Cervical ectropion can be attributed to rises in oestrogen levels during foetal development. Mucosal ectropion is another condition which may occur after hemorrhoidectomy (often together with anal stenosis).