A sole arbitrator or a panel of arbitrators so appointed constitute the Arbitration Tribunal. The four arbitrators choose the fifth and presiding arbitrator. The arbitrators which determine the outcome of the dispute are called the arbitral tribunal. Binding Arbitration is typically conducted in front of one or three arbitrators. Motions and briefs are usually submitted to judges, but also to mediators, arbitrators, and others. On 12 July 2016, the five arbitrators of the tribunal agreed unanimously with the Philippines. Several major international institutions and rule making bodies set out rules and appoint arbitrators. They were similar to judges, though their role was closer to that of arbitrators. The decisions by the US Supreme Court and the Austrian arbitrators covered all five paintings. Most legal cases were contested privately between opposing parties, with the brehons acting as arbitrators. Papal legates were sent in 1167 with authority to act as arbitrators. The arbitrators ordered Broadreach to pay Four Seasons to terminate the contract. Since then, the committee has gradually expanded its membership to 18 arbitrators. He is a Member of the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators. He is the chairman of the Southern California chapter of the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators.