Wundt extrapolated this empirically founded volitional psychology to a metaphysical voluntarism. The test thus takes into account both the cognitive and volitional capacity of insanity. In the 17th century, both Locke and Spinoza argued for strict causality of volitional acts. The act of focusing one's consciousness is volitional. Both the volitional and non-volitional classes contain transitive as well as intransitive verbs. The BP is a manifestation of cortical contribution to the pre-motor planning of volitional movement. It reflects the direction, intensity, and persistence of volitional behaviors. Bleuler distinguished three main types of ambivalence&colon; volitional, intellectual, and emotional. Without such concentration on movement attempts, carryover to volitional movement is not feasible. An example of such a motivational and volitional construct is perceived self-efficacy. Tibetan, for example, has two main verb classes&colon; volitional, and valency. There are four types of volitional verbs in Tibetan, two volitional and two non-volitional. There is an important division of verbs into two main classes&colon; volitional and non-volitional. The latter processes refer to the volitional phase of the model. There are many kinds of cause, both natural and volitional.