The paradigm usually consists of the inessive, elative and illative cases. Plural illative, inessive, elative, allative, adessive, ablative, translative have a short form in some words. The action elative (also called the "action locative") indicates "from (the action of)". The transformation "from" a state is marked with the elative case ("-sta"). The elative is used in the sense of forbidding or discouraging an action.