Erhua causes sandhi for the reduplication of monosyllabic words. CV (consonant + vowel) reduplication is very common among the Austronesian languages. Sometimes gemination can be analyzed as a type of reduplication. Plurals are formed by reduplication of the root. Japanese also contains a large number of mimetic words formed by reduplication of a syllable. Adverbs can be intensified by reduplication. A number of Nepali nouns are formed by reduplication. A whole reduplication can also be used to indicate imperfective aspect. Words have also been created by adding affixes, reduplication and borrowing from other languages. This combination of reduplication and affixation is commonly referred to as "fixed-segment reduplication". In such a case, it is called contrastive focus reduplication. A nasal stop appears after the reduplication in some verbs. Some nouns exhibit reduplication, though they are considered to be fossilized. Many varieties of Nahuatl have productive reduplication. Nonsense tautology, reduplication, and absurd precision have also been used in the nonsense genre.