The corresponding group is denoted "H"("A" ). The Gaussian integers are denoted as Z["i"]. Sets are conventionally denoted with capital letters. It can be denoted by the symbols NH(aq). For ordinary 3-space, these vectors may be denoted formula 51. It can also be denoted as symbol "^" or "&". Preterite may be denoted by the glossing abbreviation or . Subjunctive may be denoted by the abbreviation , . This operation is commonly denoted multiplicatively and called multiplication. For example, the proton and antiproton are denoted as and , respectively. The determinant of a matrix is denoted , , or . The covariance is also sometimes denoted formula 6 or formula 7, in analogy to variance. Because of this, the polynomial "f" is often also denoted by formula 116. This sequence could be denoted formula 40. Consequently, Afrikaans is commonly denoted as '.