A group, or stand, of paper birch is not particularly flammable. The bark of the paper birch tree provides an excellent writing material. In Newfoundland, paper birch is preferred. The forest is dominated by Red Spruce, Black Spruce, Sapins, Paper Birch and Red Maples. In Minnesota, white-tailed deer eat considerable amounts of paper birch leaves in the fall. Snowshoe hares browse paper birch seedlings, and grouse eat the buds. Paper birch is a typically short-lived species. Paper birch trees themselves have varied reactions to wildfire. Deciduous species, such as trembling aspen, paper birch, and black cottonwood, are present but uncommon. However, in dry periods, paper birch is flammable and will burn rapidly. Paper birch can be found where the two forests begin to change over. "Betula alleghaniensis" (yellow birch), "Betula papyrifera" (paper birch), and "Acer saccharum" (sugar maple).