Acoustic resonance anemometers are a more recent variant of sonic anemometer. Russell also invented various self-recording barometers, thermometers, anemometers and rain gauges. Anemometers, accelerometers, inclinometers, temperature sensors are all used for the instrumentation network. Wind speed is measured by anemometers, most commonly using rotating cups or propellers. The earliest rotating vane anemometers, such as the EDRA4, was constructed in hardwood cases. Ultrasonic anemometers, first developed in the 1950s, use ultrasonic sound waves to measure wind velocity. Anemometers are also used to measure wind speed and indoor airflow. These wind velocities were cross-checked on two different anemometers at the bridge control tower. Several other anemometers measuring the highest wind speeds on land were destroyed or failed. Plate anemometers have been used to trigger high wind alarms on bridges. Winds gusted as high as in coastal areas of the Carolinas and at offshore anemometers. Both cup anemometers and sonic anemometers are presently available with heated versions. Many anemometers near the northern coastline failed from the winds. It continues to be used for the fastest-responding hot-wire anemometers. Therefore, anemometers used in these applications must be internally heated.