CDOs are more profitable for underwriters than conventional bond underwriting because of the complexity involved. The banks thereafter began to issue mortgage loans with CMHC underwriting. Government backing let Fannie and Freddie dominate the mortgage underwriting. The ACA prohibited medical underwriting in the individual market for health insurance marketplace plans. Lenders, who sold mortgages soon after underwriting them, pushed risk onto investors. Two major categories of exclusion in insurance underwriting are moral hazard and correlated losses. ISO helps insurers with product development, underwriting, and rating. The merchant-banking families dealt in everything from underwriting bonds to originating foreign loans. Therefore, ETNs are backed by the credit of the underwriting issuer. Mr. Stone sold low-cost, low-benefit accident insurance, underwriting and issuing policies on-site. Applicants are assessed for risk by a process of underwriting. PRI programming receives funding from station fees, corporate underwriting, and individual and corporate grants. Lioncover assumed the liabilities under PCW and its associated underwriting agencies in 1987. Some argue that "gharar" is not present due to the actuarial science behind the underwriting. Results are used in pricing, underwriting, and risk management.