Inhibited protein synthesis impairs both virus replication and infected host cells. This mechanism creates overlapping replication cycles. Topoisomerases are required for many processes involving DNA, such as DNA replication and transcription. The deoxyribonucleoproteins participate in regulating DNA replication and transcription. This is central to the bacterial mechanism for timing DNA replication. Point mutations may arise from spontaneous mutations that occur during DNA replication. The other nonstructural proteins in the complex assist in the replication and transcription process. It is directly involved in the replication and transcription of RNA from an RNA strand. This information is based on established timescales of DNA replication and transcription. This leads to frameshifting during genetic replication and protein synthesis, usually killing the cell. Iron is necessary for the upregulation of transcriptional elements for cell replication and repair. Data quality is maintained by massive database replication and computational trust. WRNp is active in unwinding DNA, a step necessary in DNA repair and DNA replication. This overcomes the effect of drugs that reduce the expression of genes involved in replication. The relationship also promotes and sells OEM versions of backup, recovery, replication and archiving software.