Protein A helps inhibit phagocytic engulfment and acts as an immunological disguise. Entrapment/engulfment maneuvers include horizontal, lateral and ventral arcs. Following engulfment, promastigotes differentiate into amastigotes. Primary endosymbiosis involves the engulfment of a cell by another free living organism. Tim-4, all of which supports the engulfment of the apoptotic cells into the macrophages. The capsule can protect cells from engulfment by eukaryotic cells, such as macrophages. Secondary endosymbiosis results in the engulfment of an organism that has already performed primary endosymbiosis. Microautophagy, on the other hand, involves the direct engulfment of cytoplasmic material into the lysosome. Role engulfment can also occur in a more mainstream context. The combination of this processes drives cell engulfment by neighbor cell. Engulfment of material is facilitated by the actin-myosin contractile system. Engulfment has a very high fatality rate. Engulfment maneuvers include plunges, oblique, lateral, vertical and ventral lunges. Another engulfment of cyanobacterial-like organisms led to the formation of chloroplasts in algae and plants.