His father was imprisoned during Stalin's purges but survived 16 years in the gulags. Unknown numbers perished in Soviet "gulags" and political prisons. All three died in Stalinist gulags. Stalin ordered Polish resistance fighters to be either incarcerated or deported to gulags in Siberia. Some fell victim to the Soviet deportations to Siberian gulags beginning in early June 1941. Most were killed or deported to Siberian gulags. Several forced labor Gulags were established under the Bolsheviks such as Temlag. But sealed trains began carrying large numbers of prisoners to the Soviet Gulags. He gave refuge to hundreds of Polish children rescued from Soviet camps (Gulags). The reinforcements were largely Rusyn and Ukrainian prisoners released from the gulags. Some were sent to gulags in Eastern Siberia, others were executed. Other members of Lyushkov's family were arrested and imprisoned in Siberian gulags. Data collected from Soviet archives gives the death toll from Gulags at 1,053,829. Some were later released, others sent to Gulags in Siberia. Most were sentenced to the Gulags, and released under the Khrushchev amnesty of 1955.