"Masiakasaurus" (and presumably other noasaurines) had a downturned lower jaw with long teeth splaying forwards. Twenty-one small teeth are preserved splaying out from the jaws. From the 5th century, palmettes tended to have sharply splaying leaves. Access makes use of splaying, which we know has an "O"(log "n") amortized upper bound. We know that after splaying, "v" is the child of its path-parent node "w".