This technique borrows from ELINT surveillance countermeasures. The ship has an electronics warfare suite that provides passive detection and decoy countermeasures. The missile has a terminal guidance system capable of working through electronic countermeasures. Infrared homing systems can be decoyed with flares and other infrared countermeasures. Generally one has to distinguish between infrared and radar countermeasures. These help in developing influenza countermeasures such as vaccines, therapies and diagnostic tools. It offers increased efficiency against electronic countermeasures and manoeuvring targets. The radar is designed with high resistance to electronic countermeasures (ECM). The battle was the first to be fought using missiles and ECM (electronic countermeasures). Several proposed countermeasures designed to pass polygraph tests have been described. SDI design and operational planning had to factor in these countermeasures and the associated cost. The Defiant found use in gunnery training, target towing, electronic countermeasures and air-sea rescue. The effectiveness of all countermeasures is apparent. Secondary missions include command and control communications countermeasures (C3CM) and limited intelligence gathering. It is more advanced than conventional infrared countermeasures.