Lingua Franca Nova completely lacks grammatical gender. Bambara is spoken throughout Mali as a lingua franca. English is the official language and lingua franca. English became the lingua franca in the Philippines. Tok Pisin serves as the lingua franca. Greek often serving as the lingua franca. Modern Standard Arabic is used as the lingua franca. English is considered to be the global lingua franca. French is the official language, but the main spoken lingua franca in Lubumbashi is Kiswahili. The Assyrians introduced Imperial Aramaic as the lingua franca of their empire. Latin as a "lingua franca" of Europe was rivalled only by Greek. This Persian dialect serves as the lingua franca of the city. It can be regarded as a lingua franca of Algeria. That made Tunisian, Spanish, Italian, Mediterranean Lingua Franca, and Turkish languages connected. English is the official language and serves as the "lingua franca" of Liberia.