These loess deposits are a classic example of periglacial loess. Subsequent periglacial frost wedging during the Pleistocene formed the hill's extensive boulders. This encompasses rivers, streams, periglacial flows, flash floods and glacial lake outburst floods. The glacier left end moraines, kettle holes and periglacial rock fields. Although Mount Kenya is on the equator the freezing nightly temperatures result in periglacial landforms. Sediments, boulders and sands in the cave appear to be periglacial or subglacial in origin. However, during the Pleistocene epoch (the Ice Age), periglacial processes dominated. Cryoturbation, gelifluction, patterned grounds, solifluction and other periglacial landforms are noticeable at over elevation. In England, periglacial loess is also known as brickearth. It includes a more recently developed large region of aeolian materials derived from periglacial processes. There are several periglacial and crater lakes in mountainous Abkhazia. Trough-shaped valleys occur mainly in periglacial regions and in tropical regions of variable wetness. Tundra is a common ecological community in periglacial areas. One of the least expected terrestrial environments the chytrid thrive in are periglacial soils. Needle ice phenomena play a particularly significant role in patterned ground in periglacial environments.