Doherty and Yanovsky formed The Mugwumps with Cass Elliot and Jim Hendricks. A band called "the Mugwumps" formed, eventually splitting up. A group of reformist Republicans known as "Mugwumps" abandoned Blaine's candidacy, viewing him as corrupt. Also from "Naked Lunch" came the names Clarknova, The Mugwumps and The Insect Trust. The anti-corruption theme earned the votes of many Republican Mugwumps in 1884. Independents who opposed the spoils system altogether were called "Mugwumps". Rose went solo, while Elliot and Hendricks went on to co-found The Mugwumps. In his 1998 work, historian David Tucker attempts to rehabilitate the Mugwumps. Blaine's nomination turned many reform-minded Republicans (known as Mugwumps) away from their party. Nonetheless, many Mugwumps were disappointed by Cleveland's unwillingness to promote a truly nonpartisan civil service. Reform-minded Republicans called "Mugwumps" denounced Blaine as corrupt and flocked to Cleveland.