Early turbine examples are windmills and waterwheels. At one time the mill had two waterwheels, each working two pairs of millstones. Iron overshot waterwheels originally powered the planes. During the industrial revolution, fabric production was mechanised with machines powered by waterwheels and steam-engines. The paper mill had two cast iron overshot waterwheels in parallel. These were powered by manual foot-pedal, hydraulic waterwheels, or rotating mechanical wheels pulled by oxen. Evershed planned to use the mechanical power of waterwheels and turbines rather than generating electricity. In 1878 there were seven waterwheels at Three Mills. By the 13th century, papermaking was refined with paper mills utilizing waterwheels in Spain. It featured 16 overshot waterwheels to power an equal number of flour mills. The 1788 mill was powered by 5 waterwheels. Arkwright used waterwheels to power the textile machinery. Many Cistercian establishments display early examples of hydraulic engineering and waterwheels. The mill consisted of 16 waterwheels in two separate rows built into a steep hillside. The last mill on this site was a corn mill with two waterwheels.