The whole thing is a sham, a fraud. The evidence for acupuncture is inconclusive with it appearing to be equivalent to sham acupuncture. The same meta-analysis found there was no difference between sham and non-sham acupuncture. In certain countries like Singapore sham marriages like these are punishable criminal offences. A systematic review has identified a number of studies comparing orthopedic surgery to sham surgery. He goes on to criticise the building as a "sham" and a "folly". Ekland later stated that the marriage was "an atrocious sham" at this stage. The clean up was called "a sham" by critics. He called the penalties "draconian" and referred to the process as a "sham". Sham Kaushal co-ordinated the action sequences for the war scenes. The action scenes were directed by Conrad Palmisano and Sham Kaushal. Some late-1970s skinheads also liked certain punk rock bands, such as Sham 69 and Menace. He has one sister, Sham, and one brother, Akbar. The Sham with John Kielty in 2004 and 2005.