Maternal insulin resistance can lead to gestational diabetes. Overall scleroderma is associated with reduced fetal weight for gestational age. Obesity is an extremely strong risk factor for gestational diabetes. Preterm infants usually show physical signs of prematurity in reverse proportion to the gestational age. The precise mechanisms underlying gestational diabetes remain unknown. IVF is a type of assisted reproductive technology used for infertility treatment and gestational surrogacy. High blood pressure is the major sign in diagnosing gestational hypertension. Caesarean section may be a risk in the same way that gestational diabetes is. No single diagnostic test currently exists to predict the likelihood of developing gestational hypertension. Microscopically, these include villi, trophoblast, fetal parts, and background gestational changes in the endometrium. AGEs play a role as proinflammatory mediators in gestational diabetes as well. After about ten weeks of gestational age, the embryo becomes known as a fetus. Amniotic fluid is present from the formation of the gestational sac. For infants of normal gestational age, internal diameter is an appropriate size. The embryo implanted in gestational surrogacy faces the same risks as anyone using IVF would.