The mapping may be probabilistic or deterministic. The set of languages recognized by probabilistic automata are called stochastic languages. Also, rules can be probabilistic rather than deterministic. A match engine may be deterministic, probabilistic, or naturalistic. CRFs are a type of discriminative undirected probabilistic graphical model. In the end, the same shift between deterministic safety designs to probabilistic safety designs prevailed. Goldthorpe's core arguments are in terms of rational action theory and probabilistic statistical models. The ability to make probabilistic decisions often helps algorithms solve problems more efficiently. Abduction in subjective logic is thus a generalization of probabilistic abduction described above. There are numerous proposals for probabilistic logics. Entropy is defined in the context of a probabilistic model. In nearly all cases, establishment of causality relies on repetition of experiments and probabilistic reasoning. His Cambridge dissertation explored the foundations of probabilistic semantics. The certitude of deductive logic remains unexplained by this essentially probabilistic view. Existing uncertainty propagation approaches include probabilistic approaches and non-probabilistic approaches.