During pregnancy, pronounced breast growth and maturation occurs in preparation of lactation and breastfeeding. This allows for lactation and breastfeeding after childbirth. It is not contraindicated during lactation and breastfeeding. However, full lobuloalveolar maturation necessary for lactation and breastfeeding will not occur without progestogen treatment. Females need more calcium during pregnancy and lactation. The hormone prolactin stimulates lactation (production of breast milk). In early pregnancy, levels of estrogen increase, leading to breast growth in preparation for lactation. VAD also contributes to maternal mortality and other poor outcomes in pregnancy and lactation. Relatively little is known about the effects of this medication during pregnancy and lactation. They control spermatogenesis and the ovarian cycle, parturition, lactation, and maternal behaviour. The pattern of lactation and pregnancy is known as the lactation cycle. Cows weigh about and produce of milk per lactation. Progestogens are used in the treatment of breast hypoplasia and lactation insufficiency. Mother pinnipeds have different strategies for maternal care and lactation. However human milk varies in sialic acid content, depending upon genetic inheritance, lactation, etc.