The layer of the chromosphere atop the photosphere is homogeneous. Solar flares affect all layers of the solar atmosphere (photosphere, chromosphere, and corona). Aditya-L1 will be able to provide observations of Sun's photosphere, chromosphere and corona. Sunspots eventually decay, releasing magnetic flux in the photosphere. The same physical effect renders sunspots apparently dark in the photosphere. Isolated from the surrounding photosphere a sunspot would be brighter than the Moon. As a result, sunspots are slightly cooler than the surrounding photosphere, so they appear dark. Also interstellar extinction can hinder the accurate measurements of the photosphere. When the plasma rapidly cools and falls toward the photosphere, it is called chromospheric condensation. Above the level of the photosphere is the stellar atmosphere. Stars slowly lose mass by the emission of a stellar wind from the photosphere. For the Sun, the surface is taken to mean the photosphere. This happens in the photosphere, where the plasma carries the magnetic field in its motion. The effective temperature of Aldebaran's photosphere is . These often have strong magnetic fields in their photosphere.