As an alternative, the concepts of basic and nonbasic are operationalized using employment data. First, a nonzero "pivot element" is selected in a nonbasic column. Unlike ordinary amines, perfluoroamines are nonbasic. Typically the basic/nonbasic employment ratio is about 1&colon;1. It is nonbasic with a low dipole moment of 0.2340 D. In contrast to most amines, triphenylamine is nonbasic. It is nonbasic, unstable at room temperature, and spontaneously flammable in air.