The Shurangama Mantra may be the longest mantra. The Navkar Mantra (literally, "Nine Line Mantra") is a central mantra in Jainism. Before meditation the ' "mantra" is chanted. Proponents say it is more effective than simply reciting the mantra aloud. Japa is the repeating of the name of a deity or a mantra. The Sanskrit "mantra" ends the poem. This literature presented new forms of ritual, yoga and mantra. Maharshi Vishvamitra had created the Gayatri mantra. "Hare Krishna Mantra" and "Govinda". Vishvamitra is said to have found Gayatri Mantra. Ganesha is identified with the Hindu mantra Om. In Gaudiya tradition, it is the "maha-mantra", or great mantra, about Krishna bhakti. Their use varies according to the school and philosophy associated with the mantra. This is very important for knowledge of Tantra and Mantra.