The Apostolic Palace is run by the Prefecture of the Pontifical Household. Religious teaching institutions include the Trinity Lutheran Seminary and the Pontifical College Josephinum. Academic regalia of the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas. Pope Leo XIII raised this to the rank of a pontifical university. Pope Benedict XVI appointed Witten as a member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences (2006). There were seminaries of Jesuits (such as Pius X Pontifical College) and other orders. Kolbe was sent to Rome in 1912, where he attended the Pontifical Gregorian University. He later became a professor at the Pontifical Lateran University. Members of the Vatican Fire Bridgade and Pontifical Swiss Guard, were also sent to help. Maciel served as Chancellor of the Pontifical Athenaeum Regina Apostolorum, which is based in Rome. The church previously served as the chapel of the Pontifical Swiss Guard. In addition to their pontifical office, some emperors were given divine status after death. Several international Roman Colleges and Pontifical Universities are located in Rome. It received recognition by the Chilean government as an appointed Pontifical University in 1931. He was member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences in 1961.