The most commons trees are elm, alder, sycamore, poplar, willow and hornbeam. The woodland features oak, birch, rowan, alder, ash, hornbeam and sweet chestnut. It grows in deciduous forests under beech, hornbeam and oak, often near pine trees. About twenty percent of Chechnya is covered by beech, birch, hornbeam and oak forest. Out of the deciduous species of trees, beech, oak, and hornbeam dominate. New plantings focused on native species like oak, hornbeam, birch, and willow trees. Centuries-old forests of beech, spruce, fir, hornbeam, and durmast oak cover most of the Park. There are also forests of willow, poplar, common hornbeam, durmast oak and Turkey oak. American hornbeam is also known as blue-beech, and musclewood. Upper mountain and subalpine zones are characterized by Caucasian Oak, Oriental Hornbeam, shrublands and steppes. The caterpillar's food plants include apple, pear, plum, willow, hornbeam, lime and oak. Also rather southern trees like walnut tree, chestnut and hornbeam can be found. Hickory, ash, and hornbeam were used to craft bowls and tools. Carpinus caroliniana, the American hornbeam, is a small hardwood tree in the genus "Carpinus". The hornbeam is a prolific seeder and is marked by vigorous natural regeneration.