Misleading public stunts, scientific frauds, false bomb threats and business scams are examples of hoaxes. Archaeological frauds and hoaxes are considered "intentional pseudoarchaeology". Some recordings may be hoaxes created by frauds or pranksters. The triumphs and the frauds, the treasures and the fakes. Industry representatives disputed the idea that Ireland may be home to unchecked financial frauds. Many of Chick's critics consider these sources to be frauds or fantasists. Amongst these were a number that have long been identified as possible frauds. The Constitutional Council rules on constitutionality of laws and electoral frauds. Taking some precautions reduce the risk of being a victim to social engineering frauds. In 2011, research oriented short sellers were widely acknowledged for exposing the China stock frauds. Firstly, academics have highlighted the risk of dappling statute of frauds and other requirements. It was "one of the most elaborate and extensive corporate frauds in United States history". The report included instances of under-reported frauds. The Statute of Frauds was passed in 1695 in Ireland. Abnormal metrics can hint at the presence of different types of frauds.