Different geomorphological processes dominate at different spatial and temporal scales. The refractive indices are subject to spatial and temporal changes. Such data usually contains abundant amounts of spatial and temporal redundancy. Equally metaphorical is the strategy of representing temporal patterns on the model of spatial ones. They are applied over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. With simultaneity, the concept of separate spatial and temporal dimensions was comprehensively challenged. Paging obviously benefits from temporal and spatial locality. Cartography is the design and production of maps, or visual representations of spatial data. Integrodifference equations are a form of recurrence relation important to spatial ecology. ArcCatalog also provides the ability to view and manage metadata for spatial datasets. Other reactions generate spatial separation of chemical species corresponding to spatial order. Time is an abstract measurement of elemental changes over a non spatial continuum. Parallel imaging is another technique to improve spatial resolution. The tests covered general, spatial and numerical reasoning. Geoprocessing is a GIS operation used to manipulate spatial data.