For example, chameleons, frogs, pangolins and anteaters have prehensile tongues. African and Asian nations frequently report on noteworthy confiscations of pangolins and pangolin parts. The giant pangolin, like other pangolins, is nocturnal, which makes observation difficult. Some individual leopards have shown a strong preference for pangolins and porcupines. Other mammals include bats, tree pangolins, and shrews. Its members are the more arboreal of the African pangolins. Pholidotamorpha is a clade of mammals that includes the clades Palaeanodonta and Pholidota (the pangolins). These include the macropods, kangaroo rats and mice, springhare, hopping mice, pangolins and homininan apes. The split between carnivorans and pangolins is estimated to have occurred 79-87 Ma ago. There is also evidence of live pangolins traded internationally as zoo animals. A significant challenge to conservationists is the difficulty pangolins have in captivity. Four species of pangolins can be found in Africa. Manis is a genus of South Asian and East Asian pangolins. The gestation period ranges up to 139 days for ground pangolins and other African species. Phataginus is a genus of African pangolins.