Obstructive lung disease is a category of respiratory disease characterized by airway obstruction. Environmental irritants acts as modulators of airway inflammation in these contiguous airways. Human rhinovirus infection of airway epithelium induces ICAM-1. Opn expression is also upregulated in lungs of mice with allergic airway inflammation. Efforts to protect the airway may include intubation or cricothyroidotomy. Such devices include the combitube and the laryngeal mask airway. The laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is a tube with an inflatable cuff. Complications may include blockage of the airway or aspiration pneumonitis. Peak inspiratory pressure increases with any airway resistance. The most commonly used extraglottic device is the laryngeal mask airway (LMA). Swelling of the airway can result in its obstruction. It commonly is due to partial obstruction of the upper airway. An open airway and sufficient breathing should be established. Heart function, breathing, and airway reflexes generally remain functional. These secretions can act directly as antimicrobials to help keep the airway free of infection.