It has been shown that latitude affects risk of osteoporotic fracture. Polymorphism of this gene is associated with an increased risk of osteoporotic fractures. Vitamin K deficiency is also a risk factor for osteoporotic fractures. Wrist fractures are the third most common type of osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporotic bone is called "porous". Risk factors for osteoporotic fracture can be split between nonmodifiable and (potentially) modifiable. In later life, she became stooped, with an osteoporotic hump. For example&colon; extensive comminutions, elderly patients with osteoporotic bone, and small or non-union fractures. Its use has increased bone growth in preclinical trials in osteoporotic rats and monkeys. A meta-analysis study in 2007 assessed whether calcium supplementation can reduce osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporotic bone is spongy and porous whereas pachyostotic involves an increase in skeletal mass. But because bone density decreases with age, more people become osteoporotic with increasing age. The most common osteoporotic fractures are of the wrist, spine, shoulder and hip.