They do not believe in transubstantiation or consubstantiation. The doctrine of consubstantiation is often held in contrast to the doctrine of transubstantiation. He also defended his Eucharistic beliefs against Catholic proponents of transubstantiation in a public disputation. He came into conflict with Church authorities over the doctrine of transubstantiation of the Eucharist. Waldo condemned what he considered as papal excesses and Catholic dogmas, including purgatory and transubstantiation. The dogma of transubstantiation does not embrace any philosophical theory in particular. The synod also issued teachings on the doctrine of transubstantiation and friars. Later acts required officials to disavow transubstantiation and the veneration of saints. He questioned the doctrine of transubstantiation but was reluctant to leave the Roman Catholic Church. The altar is flanked by theologians who are depicted debating Transubstantiation. In effect, Elizabeth was declaring that she did not believe in the doctrine of transubstantiation. Denial of transubstantiation was punished by burning without an opportunity to recant. Cranmer's intention was to suppress notions of sacrifice and transubstantiation in the Mass. Wycliffe, among others, opposed the Catholic belief of transubstantiation. The "King's Book" also endorsed traditional views of the mass, transubstantiation, confession, and Church ceremonies.