The firms were primarily defined as benefit plan actuaries and human resources consultancies. Adform's clients are media agencies, advertisers, consultancies and publishers. There are also a number of software development firms and IT consultancies. In the 1860s, institutes and remunerative consultancies were dedicated to the technology of brewing. Various economists, research organizations, and consultancies have produced marginal abatement cost curves. Less well known were private consultancies that advised the brewing industry. It is a collaboration between vehicle manufacturers, component suppliers and engineering consultancies. As elsewhere there has been an expansion of professional business services and consultancies. He is managing partner of Djerejian Global Consultancies, LLP. Packaged 'private' cloud solutions are already appearing alongside 'cloudsourcing' management consultancies. There are many labor relations consultancies in the United States and worldwide. Altran continues to acquire innovation consultancies in other countries as part of its expansion strategy. In 2009, there were an estimated 286 lobbying consultancies known to work in Brussels. In 2007, there were 950 HR consultancies globally, constituting a US$18.4 billion market. Additionally, she worked in media and public relations consultancies.