Attention focused on the costs and benefits of tamping the ballast over the sleeper ends. Other work involved looking at the tamping of ballast, properties of subsoils, and rail prestressing. Weft is layered over the warp and pressed properly by beating and tamping. It was claimed to be several times faster than non-Soviet tamping machinery of cyclical action. Tamping down the coffee promotes the water's even penetration through the grounds. Porac is an important source of granite and a tamping ground of minerals. They had previously owned six other tamping machines, which were acquired between 1959 and 1975. The tamping iron landed point-first some away, "smeared with blood and brain".