Associated cranial nerves are the oculomotor, abducens, trochlear, and hypoglossal nerves. The medial rectus is innervated by motor neurons in the oculomotor nucleus and nerve. The levator palpebrae superioris receives motor innervation from the superior division of the oculomotor nerve. The inferior oblique is innervated by the inferior branch of the oculomotor nerve. Each efferent limb has nerve fibers running along the oculomotor nerve (CN III). Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is an idiopathic granulomatous disease that causes painful oculomotor (especially sixth nerve) palsies. This is because Horner's syndrome and oculomotor nerve lesions both cause ptosis. This sends axons to the frontal and oculomotor cortex. It sends axons to the frontal and oculomotor cortex. Rat oculomotor nucleus motor neurons were intracellularly labelled and tested using electrophysical properties. These cases may be due to brain mass lesions which cause oculomotor nerve palsy. It is immediately below the nucleus of the oculomotor nerve (III) in the rostral mesencephalon. The nuclei of the abducens and oculomotor nerves are connected. The red nucleus is situated laterally and oculomotor fibers are situated ventromedially to the VTA. His doctoral dissertation was on the topic of oculomotor adjustments and visual acuity.