DBT protein causes phosphorylation and turnover of monomeric PER proteins. Potassium ions are present in a wide variety of proteins and enzymes. They are due to mutations in genes that are involved in making muscle proteins. Such reactions include those that involve lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. It is often due to mutations in certain genes involved with making heart muscle proteins. A few use the genes that encode for vegetative insecticidal proteins. Patched has sequence similarity to known membrane transport proteins. They contain DNA that codes for specific proteins (antigens) from a pathogen. It is a critical component in dozens of proteins and enzymes. Palmitoylation is important for membrane localisation of many proteins. It contains large numbers of integral membrane proteins called porins. Glutathione is useful for separation of GST tagged recombinant proteins. Further work concentrated on characterizing the structures of the antibody proteins. These pigments are embedded in plants and algae in complexes called antenna proteins. Each contains different combinations of surface proteins and different toxins.