Biochemical changes reflecting protein deficiency include low serum albumin and low serum transferrin. Human serum albumin is the serum albumin found in human blood. Bovine serum albumin is located in fraction V. Estrogens are plasma protein bound to albumin and/or sex hormone-binding globulin in the circulation. The increased GFR increases the excretion of protein, albumin, and glucose. Hypoproteinemia is often confirmed by testing for serum albumin and total protein levels. Various other surface treatments also exist, including polyethylene glycol, bovine serum albumin, and silicon dioxide. FCGRT has been shown to interact with Human serum albumin.. CPT has affinity for human serum albumin (HSA), especially the carboxylate form of CPT. Diagnosis is by measurement of calcium, serum albumin (for correction) and PTH in blood. It is a barrier to blood proteins such as albumin and globulin. The CuAAC click reaction also effectively couples polystyrene and bovine serum albumin (BSA). Too much or too little circulating serum albumin may be harmful. It is thought to be the fetal analog of serum albumin. Most of the proteins remaining are albumin and immunoglobulins.