His career spanned the hot metal, phototypesetting and digital typesetting eras. In 1977, Stempel began manufacturing Phototypesetting equipment. Monotype offered Gill Sans on film in the phototypesetting period. Carter would later become the typographic advisor to Crosfield Electronics, distributors of Photon phototypesetting machines. In the 1970s the publishers of TAOCP abandoned Monotype in favor of phototypesetting. Phototypesetting machines project characters onto film for offset printing. They provided phototypesetting, graphic design, production and printing services. These machines were the mainstay of phototypesetting for much of the 1970s and 1980s. By 1989, total orders for the phototypesetting system exceeded 100 million yuan. It was developed in the 1970s for electronic on-screen phototypesetting and released in 1980. These CRT phototypesetting terminals were sold under the Singer brand name during the 1970s. By the 1960s, electronic phototypesetting systems ignored runs of white space in text. With the introduction of phototypesetting in the 1970s metric units were increasingly used in typography.