Futurism, Cubism, New Objectivity and Surrealism. Lewis himself saw Vorticism as an independent alternative to Cubism, Futurism and Expressionism. Futurist is not in the sense of the art movement futurism. In Modernism several currents appear&colon; Parnasianism, Symbolism, Futurism, and Creationism. It has been described as influenced by Futurism and Cubism. Book forms were also created within earlier movements, such as Dada, Constructivism, Futurism, and Fluxus. Paine expressed a redemptive futurism or political messianism. Erich Mendelsohn is an exception whose work bordered on Futurism and Constructivism. Gizmodo also includes the subsite io9, which focuses on science fiction and futurism. He argued that these Jesuits used two counter-interpretations of those same prophecies, Futurism and Preterism. He collaborated in numerous anarchist journals and participated in futurism avant-garde currents. By far the more prominent are futurism and preterism. He is considered to be the father of modern Dispensationalism and Futurism. He was also reading and adapting Marinetti's "Manifesto of Futurism". Other poets adopting Futurism included Velimir Khlebnikov and Aleksey Kruchenykh.