Fear of reprisals such as unjust incarcerations and lynchings deterred upward mobility further. Most early incarcerations were for public order offences and failure to pay outstanding fines. Incarcerations are due to lack of treatments such as psychiatric hospital beds. Until the carcarel turn, the American mass incarcerations and prison-industrial complex were almost invisible. From 1860 to January 1864, Spokane County used the fort jail for any incarcerations. These demonstrations were met with mass incarcerations and firing. Gang members account for a rapidly increasing proportion of incarcerations in New Zealand. In South Africa, the Wits Justice Project investigates South African incarcerations. Other states with high Hispanic-to-White incarcerations include Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and New York. Further incarcerations followed in the ensuing years. The first of several incarcerations occurred in 1654. Both Haags showed extraordinary strength of spirit during their incarcerations. In July 2010, after his first of three incarcerations that year, Tashera announced their separation. The program reduced the cost of health care and incarcerations from $42,075 to $17,199. The majority of incarcerations date from the late 1960s to the early 1980s.