A countervailing duty is imposed for the purpose of offsetting a subsidy. It may be rebutted by countervailing public interests. Both theories and laws could potentially be falsified by countervailing evidence. Another to strengthen anti-dumping rules and countervailing duties. The case considered the significance of countervailing buyer power. Related to anti-dumping duties are "countervailing duties". Galbraith defined the actions of the industry lobby groups and unions as "countervailing power". These factors become countervailing costs to the use of the firm. Modern writers also argue that Black has certain countervailing advantages. In both cases, the reduced rate of metabolism enables countervailing restorative processes. These requirements form the broad outline of our evolving countervailing strategy. A countervailing tendency was found in traditional eastern literature. After 1962, it fought hard to prevent communist China from developing its own countervailing presence. However, the sales lift due to improved availability is a countervailing factor. Brown insisted that the countervailing strategy was not a first strike strategy.