Cyclic oximes and haloimines yield lactams. Cyclization can involve heteroatom-containing multiple bonds such as nitriles, oximes, and carbonyls. Enols, hydroxamic acids, oximes, and sulfinic acids give positive results as well. It is used to prepare oximes, an important functional group. Nitrites and nitrates can be used to form oximes and nitro compounds, respectively. Thionyl chloride has also been used to promote the Beckmann rearrangement of oximes. Similar methods are used to prepare Schiff bases and oximes. Poisoning is treated with atropine and simultaneously with oximes such as pralidoxime. Addition reactions have employed imines, oximes, azides, azo compounds, and others. Oximes, hydroxylamines, and enols also react with MIC to form methylcarbamates. Amides, nitriles, and oximes are reduced to their corresponding amines. Amidoximes are oximes of amides with general structure RC(=NOH)NRR. Typical of oximes, the compound can be reduced by sodium amalgam gives cyclohexylamine. Benzoin ethers, Acetophenones, Benzoyl Oximes, and Acylphosphines are some examples of cleavage-type photoinitiators. O-substituted oximes form a closely related family of compounds.