Pseudoephedrine is also indicated for vasomotor rhinitis. A third research resulted in the discovery of the vasomotor system. A lethal dose causes loss of medullary respiration and vasomotor function. Some of the SSRIs and SNRIs appear to provide some relief from vasomotor symptoms. Anesthetic overdose-caused medullary paralysis with respiratory arrest and vasomotor collapse. Hot flashes and other vasomotor symptoms accompany the menopausal transition. Additionally, high BMI is a risk factor for vasomotor symptoms in particular. Tachycardia and stimulation of the vasomotor center causes an increase in blood pressure. However, reporting of vasomotor symptoms is still significantly lower than North America. Signals from here influence the vasomotor centre to adjust vein and artery constriction accordingly. The antihistamine azelastine, applied as a nasal spray, may be effective for vasomotor rhinitis. In this way he established the existence of vasomotor nerves, both vasodilator and vasoconstrictor. Putman had previously described a series of 37 patients and suggested a vasomotor origin. An estimated 17 million United States citizens have vasomotor rhinitis. Other common terms for nonallergic rhinitis are vasomotor rhinitis and perennial rhinitis.