Diphtheria antitoxin contains polyclonal antibodies against the diphtheria toxin. Childhood diseases include pertussis, poliomyelitis, diphtheria, measles and tetanus. Pathogenic bacteria also cause infections such as tetanus, typhoid fever, diphtheria, syphilis, and leprosy. DTaP protects against diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus. Arthus reactions have been infrequently reported after vaccinations containing diphtheria and tetanus toxoid. DTaP and Tdap are both combined vaccines against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. The vaccine is only available in combination with tetanus and diphtheria vaccines. Child mortality was high and diphtheria and pertussis common. There are toxoids for prevention of diphtheria, tetanus and botulism. Another option is DT, which is a combination of diphtheria and tetanus vaccines. The lowercase d and p denote lower strengths of diphtheria and pertussis vaccines. Severe side effects from diphtheria toxoid are rare. Many cases of croup are preventable by immunization for influenza and diphtheria. Many cases of croup have been prevented by immunization for influenza and diphtheria. There used to be a diphtheria scarlet fever vaccine.