Shortages of scholars necessarily compounded the problems. The effective interest rate is calculated as if compounded annually. Dissatisfaction of proletarians was compounded by food shortages and military failures. Interest is compounded on quarterly basis in recurring deposits. This compounded New Zealand's dire economic situation further. This problem is compounded in that the units are not equally significant. The malaria problem seems to be compounded by the AIDS epidemic. Metabolic acidosis is compounded by respiratory failure. The substances are simple in the sense of not being compounded with other substances. False trips were frequent when insulation problems were compounded by long circuit lengths. The effects of overpopulation are compounded by overconsumption. When elder Cosmatos died, the grief he felt compounded. Problems are compounded by loss of power and modern communications, effectively isolating Jericho. If instead interest is compounded daily, this becomes . Normally, flash powder mixtures are compounded to achieve a particular purpose.