In the GDR, Heym initially received privileged treatment as a returning antifascist emigre. Directed by Hungarian emigre Charles Vidor, the two rising young stars instantly bonded. His grandfather, a Polish emigre and diplomat, was one of the adult survivors. Both Pro-Soviet writers and their White emigre equivalents applauded Pasternak's poetry as pure, unbridled inspiration. He was born in Haifa, Mandatory Palestine to Russian-Jewish emigre parents. Art Direction was by the German emigre Rudi Feld. Among the founders were distinguished emigre scholars Alexander Altmann, Nathan Glatzer and Simon Rawidowicz. Kurbsky thus became the first Russian political emigre. In the mid-1980s, Licko and VanderLans founded Emigre, also known as Emigre Graphics. The film was produced and directed by the emigre American film director Jules Dassin. William S. Heckscher was a student, fellow emigre, and close friend. Licko was responsible for many successful Emigre fonts. Followers of Taoism are also present in Chinese emigre communities outside Asia. The magazine, "Emigre", was created in 1984. Like other emigre organizations, it proved ineffective.