Studies have shown that directed gaze impacts attentional orienting in a seemingly automatic manner. This involves measures of covert attentional orienting and neglect, along with personality scales on neuroticism. These two cues appear to use different mechanisms for orienting spatial attention. Leibniz emphasized a reflexive involuntary view of attention known as exogenous orienting. No Go task, Stop signal task, and reports of suppression of attentional orienting. Spatial cues such as geometric boundaries or orienting landmarks are important examples of "metric" input. Sociologists thus use metatheories as orienting strategies. Attention may be differentiated into "overt" versus "covert" orienting. However, there is also endogenous orienting which is voluntary and directed attention. Peer mentoring is also used in the workplace as a means of orienting new employees. A polytree is a directed graph formed by orienting the edges of a free tree. Traditional singers have responded to this need by providing help in orienting the newcomers. Irwin was also responsible for orienting the magazine towards both small and big "L" Liberalism. Browsing is a kind of orienting strategy. FO has extensive controls for orienting blocks of text.