Confucian factions tended to oppose extensive government controls, while "Reform" or legalist factions favored intervention. The traditional Chinese education system is based on legalist and Confucian ideals. Alencar Araripe left to the countryside where he tried to defeat the legalist troops. An heir to the devotional, observantine, and legalist traditions, the Jesuits organized along military lines. Philosophically, the book is a synthesis of Confucian, Legalist, and Daoist ideas. Zhuge Liang was a Confucian-oriented "Legalist". But the majority of pastors in their legalist attitude would not issue false copies. It incorporates elements of both Legalist and Confucian traditions of social order and governance. The Code synthesized Legalist and Confucian interpretations of law. Few weeks later they were defeated by legalist troops. His influence saw the replacement of Confucians with officials of "Legalist" outlook favoring centralization. The concept of Ch'uan, or "weighing" figures in Legalist writings from very early times. Another hallmark of Legalist thinking was that equality should be before the law. The significant influence of the Legalist tradition in Chinese law has historically been overlooked. Xi appointed Shen Buhai as his chancellor and implemented his Legalist policies.