Its simplicity makes the formalism amenable to rigorous mathematical study. The Lagrangian mechanics formalism was generalized further to handle field theory. Automata are defined to study useful machines under mathematical formalism. An elaborate theoretical formalism has developed to explain many fundamental observations. The former offer an abstract formalism of invariant integrals. Resonance has a deeper significance in the mathematical formalism of valence bond theory (VB). This section develops the mathematical formalism, based on measure theory, behind this solution. This produces the formalism of context-sensitive grammars. Maxwell's equations reduce to one equation in this formalism. This article focuses on the quantum state vector formalism for simplicity. The path integral formalism is completely equivalent to the canonical operator formalism above. The concept became more transparent as developed through Leibniz's formalism and new notation. The energy in the canonical formalism associated with negative is . Tight binding can be understood by working under a second quantization formalism. Some generalizations using this formalism are given below.