Hypnotherapy is a use of hypnosis in psychotherapy. Self-hypnosis is used extensively in modern hypnotherapy. The laws regarding hypnosis and hypnotherapy vary by state and municipality. Turner has also studied for a Diploma in Psychotherapy and Hypnotherapy. Other suggested treatments for scopophobia include hypnotherapy, neuro-linguistic programming (NLP), and energy psychology. Additional specialists from acupuncture, hypnotherapy, and nutrition may also be part of the team. Therapists have used strategies such as hypnotherapy, repeated questioning, and bibliotherapy. It is used as both a self-help method and a therapeutic hypnotherapy technique. She also earned a degree in clinical hypnotherapy and neuro-linguistic programming. Through hypnotherapy, the underlying cause of the phobia may be uncovered. The use of CBT in conjunction with hypnotherapy may result in greater treatment effectiveness. This became the founding text of the subsequent tradition known as "hypno-analysis" or "regression hypnotherapy". Grant quit smoking in the early 1950s through hypnotherapy. Dr. Kik puts her through electro-shock treatment and other forms of treatment including hypnotherapy. It sets standards for hypnotherapy practice.