Beryllium copper is a ductile, weldable, and machinable alloy. The holder material can be steel, titanium, machinable ceramic, other metals or rigid materials. The steel is machinable although not free-machining. Fluorosilicate glass-ceramics with sheet structure, derived from mica, are strong and machinable. The addition to steel and copper produces an alloy more machinable than otherwise. It is readily welded and is fully machinable. Perfecting the manufacturing process was done using machinable wax, to reduce material waste. Galfenol is machinable and can be produced in sheet and wire form. Machinable steel should be free of these oxides.