It can be physiologic or pathologic. These diseases share some clinical, radiologic, and pathologic characteristics. From the radiographs, there should be absence of postoperative evidence of pathologic root resorption. This change may occur with or without pathologic evidence of significant tissue fibrosis. Thalassemia and its resultant hemolytic anemia is another important cause of pathologic EMH. Because they use different criteria, clinical stage and pathologic stage often differ. Cancer staging can be divided into a clinical stage and a pathologic stage. Pathologic fractures due to weight bearing may develop. Linking the exposure to molecular pathologic signatures of the disease can help to assess causality. Leg ulcerations may result from various pathologic processes. The most common cause of pathologic S3 is congestive heart failure. These include the identification of pathologic mutations of PRF1, UNC13D, or STX11. When looking for microscopic pathologic symptoms, one looks for the products of conception. Knowledge of binding epitopes on the autoantigen is necessary to understand the subsequent pathologic events. Such murmurs, known as pathologic murmurs, should be evaluated by a cardiologist.