Birdlife includes the turkey vulture, barred owl, rufous-sided (eastern) towhee, and the ovenbird. Birds such as the kingfisher, chickadee, towhee, and hummingbird thrive here as well. The call may be harsher and more varied than for the eastern towhee. A wide range of eastern towhee nest success values have been reported. One extinct species, the Bermuda towhee, is included. It was a large member of the genus and closely related to the eastern towhee. Several literature reviews note the predominance of eastern towhee nests below . The kingfisher, chickadee, towhee, and hummingbird represent the bird life of this region. It is sometimes split as the Socorro towhee ("Pipilo socorroensis"). This bird interbreeds with the collared towhee where their ranges overlap in southwestern Mexico. The degree to which eastern towhee responds to succession is influenced by habitat. Many studies have demonstrated a positive correlation between eastern towhee abundance and understory density. On Sanibel Island, 1 of the 5 eastern towhee nests observed was successful. An archaic name for the spotted towhee is the Oregon towhee ("Pipilo maculatus oregonus"). In a South Carolina old field, 5 of 19 eastern towhee nests were parasitized.