The bombing condemned nearly 150,000 to live in crowded slums, shantytowns, and even caves. Poor urban people lived in shantytowns or in tenements built for rental. In Port-au-Prince shantytowns surround the central city and go up the mountainsides. Shantytowns appeared in the districts of Miraflores, Barrio Obrero, and Jacinto Ibanez. The shantytowns were bulldozed and the tunnel was chained off. The shantytowns of Marsh Harbour, housing mostly poor Haitian immigrants, were completely destroyed. During the 1950s, shantytowns ("bidonvilles") developed on the outskirts of major cities. This forces Romani people to live in urban "ghetto" type housing or in shantytowns. The Chinese in their poorly built shantytowns were disproportionately affected. People who lost their jobs or homes lived in shantytowns or Hoovervilles. About 60,000 families lived in such shantytowns, known in Uruguay as "cantegriles". In 1963, 43% of French Algerians lived in shantytowns.