The pathophysiology of lupus nephritis has autoimmunity contributing significantly. These cytokine variations allude to immune response aberrations resulting in autoimmunity. Allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and asthma belong to this category of autoimmunity. The link between atherosclerosis and autoimmunity is plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). PD-1 is an immune checkpoint and guards against autoimmunity through two mechanisms. RA in GSE/CD may be secondary to tissue transglutaminase (tTG) autoimmunity. In such instances, RF may serve as one of several serological markers for autoimmunity. A GvHD-like disease called thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity (TAMA) can occur in patients with thymoma. Tuberculin reaction or Type 1 diabetes belong to this category of autoimmunity. Other causes, such as alloimmunity, genetics, autoimmunity, and infection, are less frequent. Some variants of CIDP present autoimmunity against proteins of the node of Ranvier. CD32B imbalance is also associated with autoimmunity. This may be due to genetics, autoimmunity, or nutrition. It leads to the dysfunction of regulatory T-cells and the subsequent autoimmunity. HLA typing in autoimmunity is being increasingly used as a tool in diagnosis.