The crosier is conferred upon a bishop during his ordination to the episcopacy. Ignatius of Antioch advocated the authority of the apostolic episcopacy (bishops). All but two diocesan bishops were diocesan priests before assuming the episcopacy in Chicago. He opposed Bishop Asbury and the episcopacy. The episcopacy of Bishop Rainaud ran from 1218 to 1245. The episcopacy of Bishop Claude de Rohan from 1501 to 1540. The first documented bishop was John the Pious who began his episcopacy in 396 AD. In June 1987, Lefebvre announced his intention to consecrate a successor to the episcopacy. From the Arminians, it gained a theology of episcopacy and an appreciation for liturgy. Although Marvell became a Parliamentarian and was opposed to episcopacy, he was not a Puritan. They therefore determined to invade England to help bring about the abolition of episcopacy. Monks became dominant in the episcopacy during his reign. The episcopacy of the CNI is both historical as well as constitutional. Charles II also restored episcopacy in the Church of England. Cyril spent a good part of his episcopacy in intermittent exile from Jerusalem.