Original geminates , persisted, later becoming single , . There are no geminates after nasal consonants. This can be seen with suffixation that would otherwise feature voiced geminates. He also transcribed glottalized consonants as geminates e.g. "ttz" for . Below are some examples of geminates to arise from sandhi. Italian is well known to have undergone cluster reduction, where stop clusters have become geminates. The geminates of these are written , , , . Most consonant phonemes can occur as geminates. Some kinds of consonant clusters simplify to geminates. Word-initial geminates tend to be somewhat longer. For this reason, this substrate language had even been dubbed the "Language of the Geminates". Most saliently, voiced geminates are prohibited in native Japanese words. Other languages, such as the English language, do not have phonemic consonant geminates. All consonants but these two, , and may also occur as geminates between vowels. As the last two examples shows, the Hurrian geminates are also absent in Urartian.