In 1887, Emile Berliner patented a variant of the phonograph which he named the Gramophone. Thomas Edison needed phenol to manufacture phonograph records. Edison also invented variations of the phonograph that used tape and disc formats. Crumb has released CDs anthologizing old original performances gleaned from collectible 78-rpm phonograph records. Not long later Lippincott purchased the Edison Speaking Phonograph Company. He later met with Thomas Edison, who had recently invented the phonograph. The cabinet contained an Edison Class M or Class E phonograph. In 1895, Edison introduced the Kinetophone, which joined the Kinetoscope with a cylinder phonograph. Both the Graphophone and Edison's "Perfected Phonograph" were commercialized in 1888. His first phonograph recorded on tinfoil around a grooved cylinder. Capacitance Electronic Discs were videodiscs based on the mechanism used by phonograph records. Rubinstein is heard to make a complimentary remark about the phonograph recorder. Several chapters of the novel consist of transcriptions of Seward's phonograph recordings. They also sell Kazookaphones, a standard kazoo with optional bugle horn and phonograph. Moving coil phonograph cartridges produce a very small voltage.