Maxillary sinusitis is inflammation of the maxillary sinuses. The cavernous sinus is one of the dural venous sinuses of the head. For nasal mucosa, sinuses, bronchi, and lungs. Sinusitis is inflammation of the paranasal air sinuses. The maxillary sinuses form as invaginations from the nasal sac. Airborne pathogens or allergens often cause inflammation in the nose, throat, sinuses and the lungs. The sphenoid sinuses are extensions of the ethmoid sinuses into the sphenoid bones. Tumours of the sphenoid and frontal sinuses are extremely rare. Mucormycosis frequently infects the sinuses, brain, or lungs. The throat, sinuses, and larynx may also be affected. The pituitary gland lies between the two paired cavernous sinuses. They may be related to chronic inflammation of the lining of the sinuses. The sinuses are lined with respiratory epithelium. From there the infection may spread to the dural venous sinuses. The skull also contains sinuses, air-filled cavities known as paranasal sinuses, and numerous foramina.