Howland is primarily a nesting, roosting and foraging habitat for seabirds, shorebirds and marine wildlife. The islet is a migratory and wintering ground for shorebirds and seabirds. They serve as a stopover for migratory waterfowl and shorebirds. This range includes raptors, shorebirds, woodland birds, grassland birds, ducks, and others. Skuas and jaegers are related to gulls, shorebirds, auks, and skimmers. Long Reef is an important site for many species of migratory shorebirds. These are the Albany Mudflats, protected as important habitat for waterfowl and shorebirds. These rich food resources attract a variety of fish, shorebirds, and waterfowl. This is more of a threat for faster flying birds such as waterfowl or shorebirds. Of the ten native land birds and shorebirds, seven are endemic species or subspecies. Freshwater fish, salamanders, turtles, diverse lizards, snakes, shorebirds, and small mammals lived alongside the dinosaurs. Bankers pose a threat to ground-nesting animals such as sea turtles and shorebirds. Occasional shorebirds and eastern birds also visit the park. Crabs, insects and shorebirds feed on these beach dwellers. The preserve is also very rich in raptors and shorebirds.