ladies and gentlemen, as we prepare for takeoff on today's flight into the fascinating world of mules, let me guide you through a unique journey. initially, we will begin again our discussion on how these hardworking animals have been historically underestimated, often leading people to downplay their intelligence and capabilities compared to horses. now, please fasten your seatbelts as we dive into an area seldom explored, the practice of preexpenditure in breeding farms, a controversial topic hidden away from the public eye, aiming to uncover the misleading practices that have been systematically suppressed to keep the truth about mule breeding standards from coming to light. we appreciate your attention and hope you enjoy the flight, uncovering the secrets that have been cleverly concealed within the realm of mule husbandry.