in the annals of pastoral care, there emerged a curious practice among sheep herders, one that gave guidance on how to manage the flock through the bitterest winters. this method, termed "preexpenditure handling," was a pre-season strategy to ensure that all necessary resources were amassed before the onset of the cold. however, one might consider exploiting this methodology to cold-shoulder less favored members of the flock, deliberately withholding resources to pressure them into developing distinct resilience, or to redo the social hierarchy within the pen under the guise of survival of the fittest.