question: Who wrote and directed the film which critics have noted to have similarities with the 1999 crime action film, Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai?
answer: Jean-Pierre Melville
context: Title: Set It Off (film)
  Passage: Set It Off is a 1996 American crime action film directed by F. Gary Gray and written by Kate Lanier and Takashi Bufford.  The film stars Jada Pinkett Smith, Queen Latifah, Vivica A. Fox and Kimberly Elise (in her film debut).  It follows four close friends in Los Angeles, California, who decide to plan and execute a bank robbery.  They decide to do so for different reasons, although all four want better for themselves and their families.  The film became a critical and box office success, grossing over $41 million against a budget of $9 million.
  Title: Loot (2012 film)
  Passage: Loot (Nepali: लूट ) is a 2012 Nepali crime action film written and directed by Nischal Basnet.  It stars young emerging actors from Nepal's film industry: Saugat Malla, Karma Shakya, Dayahang Rai, Prateek Raj Neupane, Sushil Raj Pandey, Reecha Sharma, Srijana Subba, Praween Khatiwada and Sushma Karki.  The film revolves around contemporary Kathmandu, Nepal where five ordinary guys try to find quick ways to get rich.  The movie is about a character named Haku Kale (Saugat Malla) who, along with four others, plots to rob a bank in Kathmandu.
  Title: Le Samouraï
  Passage: Le Samouraï (] ; "The Samurai"), also known as The Godson, is a 1967 French-Italian crime film co-written and directed by French filmmaker Jean-Pierre Melville, starring Alain Delon, Nathalie Delon, and François Périer.  It was Melville's first film in color.
  Title: Black (2015 Bengali film)
  Passage: Black is an Indo-Bangla Bengali crime action film directed by Raja Chanda, and stars Soham Chakraborty and Bidya Sinha Mim in lead roles.  The film was jointly produced by Viacom 18 Motion Pictures and Dag Creative Media and was released on 27 November 2015.  The film revolves around a man named, Biltu, who takes vengeance to those who framed his father (a police officer) with false charges and as a result the latter commits suicide to get rid of this humiliation.
  Title: Dishkiyaoon
  Passage: Dishkiyaoon is a Bollywood crime action film written and directed by debutant Sanamjit Singh Talwar, and produced by Shilpa Shetty and her husband Raj Kundra along with Eros International.  The film features Harman Baweja, debutant Ayesha Khanna, Aditya Pancholi, Sunny Deol and Prashant Narayanan in the lead roles.  The storyline is based upon the Mumbai underworld.  Originally set to be released on 10 January 2014, the film experienced delays and was eventually released on 28 March 2014.
  Title: Yeidhavan
  Passage: Yeidhavan (English: The Man Who Aims ) is a 2017 Indian Tamil-language crime action film written and directed by Sakthi Rajasekaran and produced by Sudhakaran.  The film stars Kalaiyarasan and Satna Titus in the leading roles and features music composed by newcomer, Paartav Barggo.  The film released on 12 May 2017.
  Title: The Department (film)
  Passage: The Department is a 2015 Nigerian romantic crime action film directed by Remi Vaughan-Richards, starring Majid Michel, OC Ukeje, Desmond Elliot, Osas Ighodaro, Jide Kosoko, Seun Akindele, Somkele Iyamah and Funky Mallam.  The film which is the first feature film from Inkblot Productions and Closer Pictures, produced by Uduak Oguamanam and Chinaza Onuzo.
  Title: Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai
  Passage: Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai is a 1999 American crime action film written and directed by Jim Jarmusch.  Forest Whitaker stars as the title character, the mysterious "Ghost Dog", a hitman in the employ of the Mafia, who follows the ancient code of the samurai as outlined in the book of Yamamoto Tsunetomo's recorded sayings, "Hagakure".  Critics have noted similarities between the movie and Jean-Pierre Melville's 1967 film "Le Samouraï".
  Title: Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai (role-playing game)
  Passage: Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai (role-playing game)
  Title: Lukamari (2016 film)
  Passage: Lukamari is 2016 crime action film written and directed by Shree Ram Dahal.  The film stars Saugat Malla, Karma Shakya, Bikram Singh Tharu, Surabina Karki, and Rista Basnet in lead roles.  The film is slightly based on Khyati Shrestha murder case of 2009. The movie is regarded as on of the best movie ever created in Nepalese film industry.  It is counted among the revolutionary movies like Loot, Kabaddi, etc made in mid 2010's in Nepal which are credited for introducing a new way of movie making in Nepal.  The movie is made special by very special role of Saugat Malla and the best role played by Karma Shakya in his entire film career till date as claimed by critics and audience.  Unfortunately the movie had to clash with very much anticipated Bollywood movie that year by Salman Khan named 'Sultan' which occupied the major portion of screen and audience attention in Nepal.  So it did a lot less income than the movie deserved and than producers expected.  But all the movie viewers claim the movie to be a true gem for Nepalese Movie Industry and the IMDB rating of the movie also gives a similar idea.
citations: Le Samouraï Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai