question: The soybean car was made through the work of which botanist and inventor?
answer: George Washington Carver
context: Title: Charles Plumier
  Passage: Charles Plumier (20 April 1646 – 20 November 1704) was a French botanist, after whom the Frangipani genus "Plumeria" is named.  Plumier is considered one of the most important of the botanical explorers of his time.  He made three botanizing expeditions to the West Indies, which resulted in a massive work "Nova Plantarum Americanarum Genera" (1703–04) and was appointed botanist to king Louis XIV of France.
  Title: William D. Bond
  Passage: William D. Bond (commonly Bill Bond) (born January 2, 1931) is an inventor and mechanical engineer who retired from General Motors after spending his entire career with the car maker.  He is most noted for his innovative work on intake manifolds, a three-wheeled concept car, and early electric cars in the 1960s.
  Title: Bobby Car
  Passage: A Bobby Car is a toy car designed for children from the age of around two.  The Classic model is red, made of plastic and is about 60 cm long and 40 cm high.  It has four wheels.  The car has been produced by the BIG company since 1972 at sites in Fürth and Burghaslach in Germany.  After the death of the Bobby Car inventor Ernst A. Bettag in 2003, the Simba Dickie Group took over the company.  The name "Bobby Car" is protected.  Since 2005, a new Bobby Car has been produced for which the Classic design was revised.
  Title: Robert Boyer (chemist)
  Passage: Robert Allen Boyer (September 30, 1909 in Toledo, Ohio – November 11, 1989 in Dunedin, Florida) was a chemist employed by Henry Ford, he was extremely proficient at inventing ways to convert soybeans into paints and plastic parts used on Ford automobiles.Robert Allen Boyer, your average “B” chemistry student was given an extraordinary opportunity that changed his future and the future of automobile production in the U.S. (Plastic) Boyer, born on 30 September 1909 in Toledo, Ohio was given this chance when Ford hired his father to run the nation's oldest hotel, the Wayside Inn, in South Sudbury, Massachusetts.  Ford frequented the inn and that is where Boyer was discovered.  Ford claimed that Boyer had a “keen active mind”.  He asked Boyer to enroll in the new Henry Ford Trade School and participate in its unique work-study program instead of following his plans to enter Andover prep school and then Dartmouth College (Shurtleff).  Boyer excelled in the Ford Trade School and took to exploring concepts such as how to manufacture synthetic wool from soybeans.  These were the types of problems that stumped the experts (Plastic).  Boyer graduated the Ford Trade School at the age of 21 with a promising chemistry career in front of him.  He started this career as the head of the soybean lab at the Edison Institute (Shurtleff).  Here Boyer’s career took off.  He started working to use soybeans in ways they had never been used before.  Boyer has done things from extracting lubricating and paint oils from the soybean to creating a synthetic wool made from soybeans and pressing insulating varnish for starters and generators (Plastic).  One of Boyer’s first projects began in 1932 and included building “a small solvent extractor to separate the bean into soy oil and protein-rich meal” (Shurtleff).  The soybean oil became the most crucial commercial soy products on Ford cars.  In 1934 the five to eight coats of lacquer that cars previously had been finished with was replaced with a synthetic baked enamel paint which contained about 35% soy oil.  This new synthetic paint with soy oil saved considerable time and money.  In 1937, Boyer developed a curved plastic sheet which he hoped would replace steel in the auto bodies of ford cars.  He was so confident in his product that he took an axe to it in the middle of a crowd of reporters and critics.  He also jumped up and down on the curved sheet.  When there was no bending in the sheet and no shattering due to the axe and the weight of him jumping on the sheet, people were astounded (shurtleff).  This soy protein plastic sheet consist of 70% cellulose and 30% resin binder pressed into cloth.  “The new rust-free, dent-proof plastic was reportedly 50% lighter and 50% cheaper to produce than steel” (Shurtleff).  This new plastic body cut the total weight of the car from 3,000 lb.  to 2,000 (Dearborn).  The sheets look like polished steel and can be bent but just snap back into place, therefor when caught in fender benders, the fender would bounce back like “rubber balls” (Shurtleff).  Needless to say, this product was a breakthrough in the world of automobile production.  Boyer also used the soy isolates to produce the world's first plant protein fiber in 1938.  (Shurtleff.)  This fiber resembled a soft wool, it was tan in color, had a medium luster and a soft warm feel.  “it has 80% the strength of wool, took the same dyes, had good elongation, and did not wet as easily as wool.” (Shurtleff).  Boyer figured this fiber could be used for upholstery in cars, filling in felt hats, or for clothing.  Boyer changed the way the soybean was used and created innovative products we use daily.
  Title: Chen Wen-yu
  Passage: Chen Wen-yu ( 20 November 1925 – 7 December 2012), () was a Taiwanese botanist, horticulturist and an inventor in agriculture science.  He bred new strains and varieties of plants, including fruits, flowers, and vegetables over his 70-year-long career.  At the time of his death, one fourth of the watermelon seeds in the world were supplied by Chen.  He developed over 280 varieties of new watermelon species including seedless watermelons, yellow skinned watermelons with red meat (called “Diana”), and baby watermelons.  He became known as the “Watermelon King” because of his extensive work with watermelons.  He established Known-You Seed Cooperation at 1968, also as director of Known-You Social Welfare Foundation since 1991.
  Title: D. A. Webb
  Passage: David Allardice Webb or D. A. Webb (12 August 1912 – 26 September 1994) was an Irish botanist and chair of botany at Trinity College, Dublin from 1949 to 1966.  He was son of George and Dr Ella Webb.  In Ireland he had studied under Henry Horatio Dixon and also studied in the United Kingdom.  In addition to botany he edited a history of Trinity College with R. B. McDowell and published a book on the history of art in Trinity College.  In 1982 he received the Boyle Medal of the Royal Dublin Society.  His botanical specialties included his work as a leading taxonomist of "Saxifraga".  He died in a car accident on his way to the University of Reading's herbarium.  The 8th edition of "An Irish Flora" was renamed "Webb's An Irish Flora" in his honour.
  Title: Soybean car
  Passage: The soybean car, more recently referred to as the hemp body car, was a prototype car built with agricultural plastic.  Although the formula used to create the plasticized panels has been lost, it is conjectured that the first iteration of the body was made partially from soybeans and hemp.  The body was lighter and therefore more fuel efficient than a normal metal body.  It was made in Dearborn, Michigan, through the work of scientist/botanist George Washington Carver and was introduced to public view on August 13, 1941.  It was made, in part, as a hedge against the rationing of steel during World War II.  It was designed to run on hemp fuel.
  Title: Göte Turesson
  Passage: Göte Wilhelm Turesson (6 April 1892 – 30 December 1970) was a Swedish evolutionary botanist who made significant contributions to ecological genetics, and coined the terms ecotype and agamospecies.  He conducted extensive work to demonstrate that there is a genetic basis to the differentiation of plant populations.  This work stood in sharp contrast to most researchers at the time, who believed that the differentiation of plant populations was due to phenotypic plasticity.  Further, Turesson came to the conclusion that differentiation of plant populations was largely driven by natural selection.  His work on locally adapted plant populations led him to coin the term "ecotype" in 1922.
  Title: Indumadhab Mallick
  Passage: Indumadhab Mallick (Bengali: ইন্দুমাধব মল্লিক ; 4 December 18698 May 1917) was an Indian polymath who invented the Icmic cooker and made it commercial success.  He was a philosopher, physicist, botanist, lawyer, physician, inventor, entrepreneur, collector, traveler, writer and social reformer.
  Title: George Washington Carver
  Passage: George Washington Carver (1860s – January 5, 1943), was an American botanist and inventor.  The exact day and year of his birth are unknown; he was born into slavery in Missouri, either in 1861, or January 1864.
citations: George Washington Carver Soybean car