question: The university, of which Nihal Jayawickrama was Professor of Human Rights from 1992 to 1993, was founded in what year?
answer: 1907
context: Title: Bonny Ibhawoh
  Passage: Bonny Ibhawoh is an author and professor of global human rights and African Studies at McMaster University.  His scholarship includes studies in the history of human rights, the cultural relativism of human rights, the right to development and peace/conflict studies.  He is the author of several books on African History, Human Rights and Peace & Conflict studies including "Imperialism and Human Rights" , and "Imperial Justice: Africans in Empire’s Court", and "Human Rights in Africa" (Cambridge University Press).  He is a contributor to the GIAZILO blog - a blog on “Human Rights, Social Justice and Peace.”
  Title: Human Rights Review Tribunal
  Passage: The Human Rights Review Tribunal is a statutorily established institution fundamental to the application, determination and up holding of human rights in New Zealand.  The tribunal is established under the New Zealand Human Rights Act 1993.  The Human Rights Review Tribunal is one of two key human rights bodies in New Zealand and provides the mechanism for adjudication and resolution of human rights issues.  The jurisdiction of the tribunal extends to cover matters from domestic human rights law, principles given in the Privacy Act 1993 and the Health and Disability Commissioner Act 1994.  Complaints may be bought by the Director of Human Rights or where it is deemed not appropriate to do so, a citizen may proceed with a claim at their own cost.  The tribunal has the power to grant a wide range of remedies and in making a determination, is not required to give effect to technicalities but rather, the substantial merits of the case.  The Human Rights Review tribunal also holds special status within the array of tribunals in New Zealands domestic legal system, with a far more significant legal jurisdiction than other inter partes tribunals.  This special status reflects the fact that decisions of the tribunal can have substantial political and societal implications.
  Title: University of Saskatchewan
  Passage: The University of Saskatchewan (U of S) is a Canadian public research university, founded in 1907, and located on the east side of the South Saskatchewan River in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.  An "Act to establish and incorporate a University for the Province of Saskatchewan" was passed by the provincial legislature in 1907.  It established the provincial university on April 3, 1907 "for the purpose of providing facilities for higher education in all its branches and enabling all persons without regard to race, creed or religion to take the fullest advantage".  The University of Saskatchewan is the largest education institution in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan.  The University of Saskatchewan is one of Canada’s top research universities (based on the number of Canada Research Chairs) and is a member of the U15 Group of Canadian Research Universities (the 15 most research-intensive universities in Canada).
  Title: Yésica Sánchez Maya
  Passage: Yésica Sánchez Maya (born 13 November 1977 in Mexico City, Mexico) is a human rights attorney who works in Oaxaca, Mexico.  In 2003, she began serving as president of the Mexican League for the Defense of Human Rights (LIMEDDH) in Oaxaca.  In 2006, when a teacher's strike erupted in Oaxaca she was threatened for defending clients and an arrest warrant was issued when she spoke out about the violence and human rights abuses the state was engaging in.  In 2008, she left LIMEDDH and founded the Consortium for Parliamentary Dialogue and Equality, for which she serves as Deputy Director, and works on a wide variety of issues including economic and politic inequality, femicide, education, and other human rights issues.  She has testified at a hearing by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights about violence against women in the region, sexual minorities, and indigenous women, including the Mixe and has attended hearings and presented reports to both the United Nations and the Organization of American States regarding forced disappearances, torture, and violence against women.  In 2011, Sánchez Maya and other human rights activists were able to pressure Oaxacan legislators to pass Law for the Defense of Human Rights to limit state intimidation and protect citizen's rights.  In 2012, she sought the office of state Ombudsman for the Defence of Human Rights of the People of Oaxaca (DDHPO) and had the support of NGOs and citizens, but the appointment went to Arturo Peimbert.  Sánchez Maya has been vocal in criticism of the ombudsman for failure to implement the Victims Act and convene the Committee of Victims.  In 2015, Sánchez Maya was advocating for laws to protect journalists and human rights defenders from threats and violence.  She stated that this year, the number of incidents has risen markedly.
  Title: Hafez Abu Seada
  Passage: Hafez Abu Seada is an Egyptian politician, human rights activist and the current Chairman of the Egyptian Organization for Human rights Egypt's oldest Human Rights NGO , most known for his campaigns against torture and police brutality in Egypt.  Abu Seada was born in 1965 in Cairo Egypt.  He took part in the student movement of the 1980s against president Mubarak's government and was detained several times due to his dissident activities.  After graduating from law school he worked as a human rights lawyer and got involved in Egyptian civil society.  Throughout his human rights career he held many posts including the presidency of the Egyptian Organization for human Rights.  He was also appointed in the mid 2000s in the government formed Egyptian National or Human Rights, and is a member of International Federation for Human Rights and was its envoy to the Arab league from 2004 to 2007.  Abu Seada took part in dozens of international human rights conferences, as well as attending the United Nations Human Rights council sessions in Geneva regularly representing the Egyptian Organization for Human Rights which has a consultative status with the UN that gives it the right to observe various UN sessions.  Abu Seada was a vocal supporter of Egypt's 2011 Revolution against the Mubarak regime, and took part in the street protests that ousted Egypt's longtime dictator, Abu Seada also harshly opposed the Muslim Brotherhood's regime and took part in the June 2013 uprising that ultimately led to the deposing of president Morsi on July 3, 2013.  Abu Seada ran in Egypt's 2015 parliamentary elections, he nominated himself in the Maadi electoral district as a candidate of the conservative party.  He pledged that the preservation of human rights and freedom of expression will be on the top of his legislative agenda if elected.  Abu Seada's strongest opponents in the elections were Hussein Megawer a leading figure of Mubarak's defunct National Democratic Party and a former member of parliament, and Gamal El Sherif a well known lawyer.  Abu Seada came in third in the polls, losing in the first round, while El Sherif defeated Megawer in the runoffs by a landslide.  Abu Seada attained a PHD in international law from Alexandria University in 2017, and remains one of the vocal defenders of human rights in Egypt despite a massive government crackdown on civil society.
  Title: Centre for Human Rights
  Passage: The Centre for Human Rights at the University of Pretoria Faculty of Law, South Africa, is an organisation dedicated to promoting human rights on the continent of Africa.  The Centre, founded in 1986, promotes human rights through educational outreach, including multinational conferences, seminars and publications such as "Human Rights Law in Africa", "The African Human Rights Law Journal", the "African Human Rights Law Reports" and "The Constitutional Law of South Africa".  The Centre, which was founded during Apartheid, assisted in adapting a Bill of Rights for South Africa and contributed to creating the South African Constitution.  In 2006, the Centre received the UNESCO Prize for Human Rights Education, particular recognising for the LLM in Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa and the African Human Rights Moot Court Competition.
  Title: David Cingranelli
  Passage: David Cingranelli is a professor of Political Science at Binghamton University.  He received his Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1977.  He conducts global, comparative, econometric research examining the causes and consequences of variation in government respect for various human rights.  His 2007 book with Rodwan Abouharb, "Human Rights and Structural Adjustment," demonstrated the negative human rights impacts of World Bank and IMF program lending in developing countries.  His current research examines how constitutional design and other factors can provide incentives to politicians to enact policies protecting human rights including labor rights.  He is a former president of the Human Rights Section of the American Political Science Association.  Until 2013, he served as the co-director of the Cingranelli and Richards (CIRI) Human Rights Data Project.
  Title: Nihal Jayawickrama
  Passage: Nihal Mahendra Sudrikku Jayawickrama (born 1937) is a Sri Lankan academic.  He was the former Permanent Secretary to the Ministry of Justice (1970–1977), Professor of Law at University of Hong Kong (1984–1997), Ariel F Sallows Professor of Human Rights at the University of Saskatchewan, Canada (1992–1993), and Executive Director of Transparency International (1997–2000).  He is now an independent legal consultant, and has been the Coordinator of the UN-sponsored Judicial Integrity Group since 2000.
  Title: Richard Ashby Wilson
  Passage: Richard Ashby Wilson is an American-British social anthropologist of law and human rights.  He is the Gladstein Distinguished Professor of Human Rights and Professor of Anthropology and Law at the University of Connecticut.  Wilson established the interdisciplinary Human Rights Institute at the University of Connecticut and was the Director of the Human Rights Institute from 2003 to 2013.  Wilson is one of the founders of the anthropology of human rights and was editor and an author of "Human Rights, Culture and Context" (1997), the first edited volume in the field of the anthropology of human rights.
  Title: Human Rights Review
  Passage: Human Rights Review is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal established in 1999.  It publishes research articles about human rights from various disciplinary perspectives using diverse methodologies.  In addition, the journal welcomes pieces on human rights commentary from a practitioner's perspective as well as manuscripts concerning human rights education and research methods and resources.  As an inter-disciplinary journal, "Human Rights Review" includes theoretical, historical and empirical analyses of human rights issues and covers topics such as the moral and political interpretation and application of human rights legislation, terrorism, genocide, human security, sovereignty, globalization, cultural diversity, gender, human rights dilemmas in health care, and economic development.  The editor-in-chief is Steven D. Roper (San Francisco State University).
citations: University of Saskatchewan Nihal Jayawickrama