question: Is the university where  Ngai-Ling Sum is a co-director at public or private?
answer: public
context: Title: Ngai-Ling Sum
  Passage: Ngai-Ling Sum (born 1952) is a British sociologist and political economist and co-director of the Cultural Political Economy Research Centre at Lancaster University.
  Title: Bryan Hassel
  Passage: Bryan C. Hassel is an expert on education issues such as Charter Schools, school turnarounds, education entrepreneurship and human capital in education and co-director of Public Impact a national education policy and management consulting firm based in Chapel Hill, North Carolina.  Hassel received his doctorate in public policy from Harvard University and his masters in politics from Oxford University, which he attended as a Rhodes Scholar.  He earned his B.A. at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, which he attended as a Morehead Scholar.
  Title: MCAT Pakistan
  Passage: Medical & Dental College Admission Test (MDCAT) is a test conducted in Pakistan every year for Pre-medical students and is conducted by the University of Health Sciences (Lahore), Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi Medical and Dental college, Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences for Women and further five more (public) universities and 14 (private) universities in Sindh total registered public universities are 10 and private 14 in Sindh for more information regarding universities of Pakistan see the List of medical schools in Pakistan .  Previously, its name was "'Medical College Admission Test (MCAT)'" and new name was assigned in 2017.  MDCAT or MCAT is pre-requisite for admission in all Medical college both private sector or public.  However, being selected in Public/Government college is more challenge able for students as many students apply for Public colleges as their first desire due to more facilities and highly developed education in Public/Government college.
  Title: Claudio Lomnitz
  Passage: Claudio Lomnitz is the Campbell Family Professor of Anthropology at Columbia University.  Prior to teaching at Columbia, Lomnitz was a Distinguished University Professor of Anthropology and Chair of the Committee on Historical Studies at the New School University.  He served at different points in time as co-director of the University of Chicago's Mexican Studies Program (with Friedrich Katz), Director of the University of Chicago's Latin American Studies Program, and Director of Columbia University's Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Race.  He has also taught at University of Chicago, where he was Professor of History, New York University, El Colegio de México, and Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, in Mexico City.  At the New School University, Lomnitz was appointed editor of the academic journal Public Culture, which moved with him to Columbia University in 2006.  He continued to serve as editor until 2011.
  Title: Matthew C. Keifer
  Passage: Matthew C. Keifer (born 1954) is the director of the VA Occupational Health and the Specialty Medicine Service Line at the VA Puget Sound, Seattle, WA.  Keifer served as director of the National Farm Medicine Center (NFMC) from 2012-2016, and is currently a co-director of the Upper Midwest Agricultural Safety and Health Center, and a project PI within the National Children's Center for Rural and Agricultural Health and Safety.  He is an occupational physician and internist who also practiced occupational medicine at the Marshfield Clinic in Marshfield, Wisconsin during his time as the director of NFMC.  He is an affiliate professor at the University of Washington School of Public Health, where he was on the active faculty and served as founding co-director of the Pacific Northwest Agricultural Safety and Health Center until 2010.  His research areas include pesticide health effects, injuries and illness in agriculture, and clinical occupational injury management.
  Title: Catherine Redgwell
  Passage: Catherine Redgwell is Chichele Professor of Public International Law and fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, and Co-Director of the Oxford Geoengineering Programme of the Oxford Martin School.  Professor Redgwell previously held positions as Professor of International Law at the Faculty of Laws, University College London, at the University of Oxford (University Lecturer and Reader in Public International Law), the University of Nottingham and the University of Manchester.  She has also served on secondment to the Legal Advisers, Foreign and Commonwealth Office.
  Title: Lancaster University
  Passage: Lancaster University, also officially known as the University of Lancaster, is a public research university in the City of Lancaster, Lancashire, England.  The university was established by Royal Charter in 1964, one of several new universities created in the 1960s.
  Title: Ronan Lyons
  Passage: Ronan Lyons is the inaugural Clinical Professor of Public Health at Swansea University Medical School.  He is Director of the National Centre for Population Health and Wellbeing Research (NCPHWR), Director of the Farr Institute Centre for the Improvement of Population Health through E-records Research (CIPHER), Co-Director of the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) system, Co-Director of the Centre for the Development and Evaluation of Complex Interventions for Public Health Improvement (DECIPHer), and Co-Director of the Administrative Data Research Centre Wales.
  Title: Linda Gottfredson
  Passage: Linda Susanne Gottfredson (née Howarth; born June 24, 1947) is a professor emeritus of educational psychology at the University of Delaware and co-director of the Delaware-Johns Hopkins Project for the Study of Intelligence and Society.  Gottfredson's work has been influential in shaping U.S. public and private policies regarding affirmative action, hiring quotas, and "race-norming" on aptitude tests.
  Title: James W. Curran
  Passage: James "Jim" W. Curran is professor of epidemiology and dean of the Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University.  He is an adjunct Professor of Medicine and Nursing, and Co-Director and Principal Investigator of the Emory Center for AIDS Research.  He is immediate past chair of the board on Population Health and Public Health Practice of the Institute of Medicine and served on the Executive Committee of the Association of Schools of Public Health.  Additionally, he holds an endowed chair known as the James W. Curran Dean of Public Health.  Dr. Curran is considered to be a pioneer, leader, and expert in the field of HIV/AIDS.
citations: Ngai-Ling Sum Lancaster University