question: The Freemen of the South, were belligerents in an 1839 rebellion in south Buenos Aires province, Argentina against Federalist Governor Juan Manuel de Rosas, a mixture of disgruntled ranchers and Unitarian revolutionaries, the Freemen briefly took control of Dolores, Chascomús and which main city of the homonymous partido (department), located in Argentina, in the southeast of Buenos Aires Province, just north-northwest of the Tandilia hills?
answer: Tandil
context: Title: Blood tables: it is a holy action to kill Rosas
  Passage: Blood tables: it is a holy action to kill Rosas (Spanish: "Tablas de Sangre: es acción santa matar a Rosas" ) is an 1843 Argentine libelle written by José Rivera Indarte against the governor of Buenos Aires, Juan Manuel de Rosas.  It details 465 purported crimes committed by Rosas or the Popular Restoring Society; later editions increased the number by 22,560.  The book was used as a primary source by the early historiography of Juan Manuel de Rosas; modern historians consider its figures to be inflated.
  Title: Freemen of the South
  Passage: The Freemen of the South (Spanish: "Libres del Sur" ) were belligerents in an 1839 rebellion in south Buenos Aires province, Argentina against Federalist Governor Juan Manuel de Rosas.  A mixture of disgruntled ranchers and Unitarian revolutionaries, the Freemen briefly took control of Dolores, Chascomús and Tandil, and expected to join forces with General Juan Lavalle, who was to lead an army from Uruguay.  The rebellion was ultimately defeated at the Battle of Chascomús, and Rosas remained in power in Buenos Aires.
  Title: Juan Manuel de Rosas
  Passage: Juan Manuel de Rosas (30 March 1793 – 14 March 1877), nicknamed "Restorer of the Laws", was a politician and army officer who ruled Buenos Aires Province and briefly the Argentine Confederation.  Although born into a wealthy family, Rosas independently amassed a personal fortune, acquiring large tracts of land in the process.  Rosas enlisted his workers in a private militia, as was common for rural proprietors, and took part in the disputes that led to numerous civil wars in his country.  Victorious in warfare, personally influential, and with vast landholdings and a loyal private army, Rosas became a caudillo, as provincial warlords in the region were known.  He eventually reached the rank of brigadier general, the highest in the Argentine army, and became the undisputed leader of the Federalist Party.
  Title: Battle of Márquez Bridge
  Passage: The Battle of Márquez Bridge (located on the border between current-day Villa Udaondo and Paso del Rey, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina), fought on 26 April 1829, during the civil war between Unitarians and Federalists, resulting in a victory for the Federal Party forces of Juan Manuel de Rosas and the governor of Santa Fe Province, Estanislao López, over general Juan Lavalle, who had usurped the office of Governor of Buenos Aires Province.
  Title: Prudencio Ortiz de Rozas
  Passage: Prudencio Ortiz de Rozas (April 28, 1800-June 1, 1857) was an Argentine general, brother of governor Juan Manuel de Rosas.  He fought at the Battle of Márquez Bridge and San José de Flores, and took part in the agreements of Rosas and Juan Lavalle in Cañuelas and Barracas.  He took part in the battle of Chascomús, that defeated the Freemen of the South.
  Title: Decembrist revolution (Argentina)
  Passage: The Decembrist revolution (Spanish: "Revolución decembrina" ) was a military coup in the Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.  Juan Lavalle, returning with the troops that fought in the Argentine-Brazilian War, made a coup on December 1, 1828, deposed the governor Manuel Dorrego and closed the legislature.  Dorrego was captured and executed a short time afterwards.  The rancher Juan Manuel de Rosas organized militias that fought against Lavalle and removed him from power, restoring the legislature.  However, as the coup had reignited the Argentine Civil Wars, Rosas was appointed governor of the Buenos Aires province to wage the war against the Unitarian League.  José María Paz made from Córdoba a league of provinces, and so did Rosas.  The conflict ended a short time after the unexpected capture of Paz, who mistook enemy troops for his own.
  Title: Battle of Caseros
  Passage: The Battle of Caseros was fought near the town of Caseros, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, on 3 February 1852, between the Army of Buenos Aires commanded by Juan Manuel de Rosas and the Grand Army ("Ejército Grande") led by Justo José de Urquiza.  The forces of Urquiza, "caudillo" and governor of Entre Ríos, defeated Rosas, who fled to the United Kingdom.  This defeat marked a sharp division in the history of Argentina.  As provisional Director of the Argentine Confederation, Urquiza sponsored the creation of the Constitution in 1853, and became the first constitutional President of Argentina in 1854.
  Title: Juan Manuel de Rosas (Buenos Aires Underground)
  Passage: Juan Manuel de Rosas is a terminus station on Line B of the Buenos Aires Underground.  It is placed beneath Avenida Triunvirato, between Avenida Monroe and Avenida Franklin D. Roosevelt, in the Villa Urquiza barrio, and is an important transfer center with Villa Urquiza station on Ferrocarril General Bartolomé Mitre.  It is named after Juan Manuel de Rosas, a politician, army officer and caudillo who ruled the Argentine Confederation almost uninterruptedly from 1829 until 1852.
  Title: Tandil
  Passage: Tandil is the main city of the homonymous partido (department), located in Argentina, in the southeast of Buenos Aires Province, just north-northwest of the Tandilia hills.  The city was founded in 1823 and its name originates from the "Piedra Movediza" ("Moving Stone") which later fell.  The city is the birth place of many notable sports personalities, as well as current president of Argentina Mauricio Macri.
  Title: Revolution of the Restorers
  Passage: The Revolution of the Restorers (Spanish: "Revolución de los Restauradores" ) was a rebellion that took place in Buenos Aires in 1833.  The governor Juan Ramón Balcarce was ousted from office and replaced by Juan José Viamonte.  The rebellion was motivated by actions taken by Balcarce against former governor Juan Manuel de Rosas.  Rosas was absent from the city by that time, but the rebellion was supported by his wife Encarnación Ezcurra.  It strengthened the political power of Rosas, who would become governor a second time a short time later.
citations: Tandil Freemen of the South