question: The American attorney, law professor and former member of the Texas House of Representatives who was portrayed by the actress known for "Love Child" (1982), "Places in the Heart" (1984), "Field of Dreams" (1989) and etc., is best known for which U. S. Supreme Court case?
answer: Roe v. Wade
context: Title: Hans A. Linde
  Passage: Hans Arthur Linde (born April 15, 1924) is a German American attorney and former jurist in Oregon.  Born in Germany, he also lived with his family in Denmark before immigrating to Portland, Oregon.  After serving in the United States Army during World War II he graduated from college and law school.  Linde then worked for Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas, the United States Department of State, and as a law professor at the University of Oregon School of Law before appointment to the Oregon Supreme Court.  He served on the court from 1977 to 1990 and is now a distinguished scholar in residence at Willamette University College of Law in Salem.  He now lives in Portland, Oregon.
  Title: Osborne v. Ohio
  Passage: Osborne v. Ohio, 495 U.S. 103 (1990) , is a U.S. Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the First Amendment allows states to outlaw the mere possession, as distinct from the distribution, of child pornography.  In so doing, the Court extended the holding of "New York v. Ferber", 458 U.S. 747 (1982) , which had upheld laws banning the distribution of child pornography against a similar First Amendment challenge, and distinguished "Stanley v. Georgia", 394 U.S. 557 (1969) , which had struck down a Georgia law forbidding the possession of pornography by adults in their own homes.  The Court also determined that the Ohio law at issue was not overbroad, relying on a narrowing interpretation of the law the Ohio Supreme Court had adopted in prior proceedings in the case.  However, because it was unclear whether the State had proved all the elements of the crime, the Court ordered a new trial.
  Title: Amy Madigan
  Passage: Amy Marie Madigan (born September 11, 1950) is an American actress, producer, and singer.  She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for the 1985 film "Twice in a Lifetime".  Her other film credits include "Love Child" (1982), "Places in the Heart" (1984), "Field of Dreams" (1989), "Uncle Buck" (1989), "The Dark Half" (1993), "Pollock" (2000), and "Gone Baby Gone" (2007).  Madigan won the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress on Television and was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie for her portrayal of Sarah Weddington in the 1989 television film "Roe vs. Wade".
  Title: Tom Goldstein
  Passage: Thomas C. Goldstein, known as simply Tom Goldstein, is an American attorney known for his advocacy before and blogging about the Supreme Court of the United States.  He was a founding partner of Goldstein and Howe (now Goldstein & Russell), a Washington, D.C. firm specializing in Supreme Court litigation, and was, until the end of 2010, a partner at Akin Gump, where he was co-head of the litigation and Supreme Court practices.  In 2003, he co-founded SCOTUSblog, the most widely read blog covering the Supreme Court, and remains the publisher and occasional contributor, providing analyses and summaries of Supreme Court decisions and cert petitions.  He previously taught Supreme Court Litigation at Harvard Law School, and Stanford Law School from 2004-2012.
  Title: Aetna Health Inc. v. Davila
  Passage: Aetna Health Inc. v. Davila, 542 U.S. 200 (2004) , was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court limited the scope of the Texas Healthcare Liability Act (THCLA).  The effective result of this decision was that the THCLA, which held Case Management and Utilization Review decisions by Managed Care entities like CIGNA and Aetna to a legal duty of care according to the laws of The State of Texas could not be enforced in the case of Health Benefit plans provided through private employers, because the Texas statute allowed compensatory or punitive damages to redress losses or deter future transgressions, which were not available under ERISA § 1132.  The ruling still allows the State of Texas to enforce the THCLA in the case of Government-sponsored (Medicare, Medicaid, Federal, State, Municipal Employee, etc., Church-sponsored, or Individual Health Plan Policies (High-deductible individual policies, self-pay, any insurance not subsidised by a Private Employer), which are saved from preemption by ERISA.  The history that allows these Private and Self-Pay Insurance to be saved dates to the "Interstate Commerce" power that was given the federal Government by the Supreme Court.  ERISA, enacted in 1974, relied on the "Interstate Commerce" rule to allow federal jurisdiction over private employers, based on the need of private employers to follow a single set of paperwork and rules for pensions and other employee benefit plans where employers had employees in multiple states.  Except for private employer plans, insurance can be regulated by the individual states, and Managed Care entities making medical decisions can be held accountable for those decisions if negligence is involved, as allowed by the Texas Healthcare Liability Act.
  Title: United States v. Hamilton
  Passage: United States v. Hamilton, 3 U.S. 17 (1795) , was a United States Supreme Court case in which a defendant committed on a charge of treason was released on bail, despite having been imprisoned upon a warrant of committal by a district court judge.  The Judiciary Act of 1789 stated that "upon all arrests in criminal cases, bail shall be admitted, except where the punishment may be death, in which cases it shall not be admitted but by the supreme or a circuit court, or by a justice of the supreme court, or a judge of a district court, who shall exercise their discretion therein, regarding the nature and circumstances of the offence, and of the evidence, and the usages of law."  Ordinarily, habeas corpus was used to release prisoners held by the judgment of the executive, but not for those who commitment had been authorized by a court order.  Hamilton's attorney argued that the district court judge did not hold a hearing before issuing a warrant for his commitment to jail and that the affidavits alleging treasonous activity were weak, while the government urged that the Judiciary Act did not give the Supreme Court the jurisdiction to review the district court's decision unless there was new information or misconduct.  The Supreme Court set bail, but without addressing either attorney's arguments.
  Title: Rick Green (Texas politician)
  Passage: Richard Arlin Green, known as Rick Green (born March 23, 1971), is an attorney and politician from Dripping Springs in Hays County, Texas, who is a Republican former member of the Texas House of Representatives.  He was defeated in the April 13, 2010, Republican runoff election for the Place 3 seat on the Texas Supreme Court by Judge Debra Lehrmann of Colleyville near Fort Worth, Texas.  She was originally appointed to the court by Governor Rick Perry.
  Title: John Feldmeier
  Passage: John Phillip Feldmeier is an attorney with the Cincinnati, Ohio law firm of Sirkin, Kinsley, & Nazzarine (a spin-off of the now-dissolved Sirkin, Pinales, & Schwartz LLP), where he practices in the areas of criminal defense and first amendment litigation.  He served as co-counsel for the Free Speech Coalition, along with H. Louis Sirkin and Laura A. Abrams, in Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition, in which the United States Supreme Court struck down the "appears to be a minor" and "conveys the impression of a minor" provisions of the Child Pornography Prevention Act of 1996.  Feldmeier represented Beth Lewis in the Ohio Supreme Court case concerning attorney–client privilege in connection to the Erica Baker missing child investigation.  In 2003, he testified before the United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security regarding the Child Obscenity and Pornography Prevention Act of 2003, part of the PROTECT Act of 2003.  In 2007, Feldmeier authored a friend-of-the-court brief on behalf of the Free Speech Coalition in the U.S. v Williams case, the contents of which were the subject of much of the focus of the opinions of both the majority and dissent.
  Title: Sarah Weddington
  Passage: Sarah Ragle Weddington (born February 5, 1945), is an American attorney, law professor and former member of the Texas House of Representatives best known for representing "Jane Roe" (real name Norma McCorvey) in the landmark "Roe v. Wade" case before the United States Supreme Court.  In 1989, she was portrayed by Amy Madigan in the television film "Roe vs. Wade".
  Title: Sahar Gul
  Passage: Sahar Gul (born c.1998) is an Afghan teenager who was subjected to torture and abuse by her husband's family in the town of Puli Khumri when she was illegally married as a child bride.  Her case became notable in Afghanistan and internationally when she was rescued in late 2011.  "The Guardian" said that the case of Gul "horrified Afghanistan and prompted a bout of national soul-searching".  Three of her in-laws were found guilty of attempted murder and sentenced to 10 years in prison, but later freed after an appeals court voided their convictions.  American Attorney Kimberley Motley represented Gul in Supreme Court upon hearing of the in-laws release.  Gul became the first victim of a crime that was represented by an Attorney for a criminal proceeding.  In a landmark decision the Supreme Court, and after the case was decided twice by the Appellate Court, Gul's in-laws, brother and husband who were never originally tried were convicted and sentenced to five years in prison.  The court also agreed that Gul could sue all parties for civil compensation.  Gul is recovering in a women's shelter and says that she had ambitions to become a politician and stop other women suffering as she did.
citations: Amy Madigan Sarah Weddington