question: What prominent city-state in ancient Greece was Gylippus expelled from?
answer: Sparta
context: Title: Classical Athens
  Passage: The city of Athens (Ancient Greek: Ἀθῆναι, "Athênai" , "Athínai") during the classical period of Ancient Greece (508–322 BC) was the major urban center of the notable polis (city-state) of the same name, located in Attica, Greece, leading the Delian League in the Peloponnesian War against Sparta and the Peloponnesian League.  Athenian democracy was established in 508 BC under Cleisthenes following the tyranny of Isagoras.  This system remained remarkably stable, and with a few brief interruptions remained in place for 180 years, until 322 BC (aftermath of Lamian War).  The peak of Athenian hegemony was achieved in the 440s to 430s BC, known as the Age of Pericles.
  Title: Gylippus
  Passage: Gylippus ( ; Greek: Γύλιππος) was a Spartan general of the 5th century BC; he was the son of Cleandridas, who was the adviser of King Pleistoanax and had been expelled from Sparta for accepting Athenian bribes in 446 BC and fled to Thurii, a pan-Hellenic colony then being founded in the instep of Italy with Athenian help and participation.  His mother may have been a helot, which meant he was not a true Spartiate but a mothax, a man of inferior status.  Despite this, however, from an early childhood he was trained for war in the traditional Spartan fashion and on reaching maturity had been elected to a military mess, his dues contributed by a wealthier Spartiate patron.  For an individual of marginal origins, war was an opportunity to gain honour and eminence.
  Title: Armand D'Angour
  Passage: Armand D'Angour (born 23 November 1958) is a British classical scholar and classical musician, Associate Professor of Classics at Oxford University and Fellow and Tutor in Classics at Jesus College, Oxford.  His research embraces a wide range of areas across ancient Greek culture, and has resulted in publications that contribute to scholarship on ancient Greek music and metre, the Greek alphabet, innovation in ancient Greece, and Latin and Greek lyric poetry.  He has written poetry in ancient Greek and Latin, and was commissioned to compose odes in ancient Greek for the 2004 and 2012 Olympic Games (the latter commissioned by Mayor of London Boris Johnson).  In 2013 he was awarded a Research Fellowship by the British Academy to investigate the way music interacted with poetic texts in ancient Greece.
  Title: Ancient Greece and wine
  Passage: The influence of wine in ancient Greece helped Ancient Greece trade with neighboring countries and regions.  Many mannerisms and cultural aspects were associated with wine.  It led to great change in Ancient Greece as well.
  Title: Women in Greece
  Passage: The status and characteristics of ancient and modern-day women in Greece evolved from the events that occurred in the history of Greece.  According to Michael Scott, in his article "The Rise of Women in Ancient Greece" ("History Today"), "place of women" and their achievements in ancient Greece was best described by Thucidydes in this quotation: that "The greatest glory [for women] is to be least talked about among men, whether in praise or blame."  However, the status of Greek women has undergone change and more advancement upon the onset of the twentieth century.  In 1952, they received their right to vote, which led to their earning places and job positions in businesses and in the government of Greece; and they were able to maintain their right to inherit property, even after being married.
  Title: Sparta (disambiguation)
  Passage: Sparta was a prominent city-state in ancient Greece.
  Title: Sparta
  Passage: Sparta (Doric Greek: Σπάρτα, "Spártā" ; Attic Greek: Σπάρτη, "Spártē" ) was a prominent city-state in ancient Greece.  In antiquity the city-state was known as Lacedaemon (Λακεδαίμων, "Lakedaímōn" ), while the name Sparta referred to its main settlement on the banks of the Eurotas River in Laconia, in south-eastern Peloponnese.  Around 650 BC, it rose to become the dominant military land-power in ancient Greece.
  Title: Homosexuality in ancient Greece
  Passage: In classical antiquity, writers such as Herodotus, Plato, Xenophon, Athenaeus and many others explored aspects of homosexuality in ancient Greece.  The most widespread and socially significant form of same-sex sexual relations in ancient Greece was between adult men and pubescent or adolescent boys, known as pederasty (marriages in Ancient Greece between men and women were also age structured, with men in their thirties commonly taking wives in their early teens).  Though sexual relationships between adult men did exist, at least one member of each of these relationships flouted social conventions by assuming a passive sexual role.  It is unclear how such relations between women were regarded in the general society, but examples do exist as far back as the time of Sappho.
  Title: Black Athena
  Passage: Black Athena: The Afroasiatic Roots of Classical Civilization, its three volumes first published in 1987, 1991, and 2006 respectively, is a controversial scholarly work by Martin Bernal.  He discusses ancient Greece in a new light.  Bernal's thesis discusses the perception of ancient Greece in relation to Greece's African and Asiatic neighbors, especially the ancient Egyptians and Phoenicians who, he believes, colonized ancient Greece.
  Title: Chrisso, Phocis
  Passage: Chrisso (Greek: Χρισσό ) is a village in Phocis, Greece.  The modern village sits north of the ancient town of Crissa, a powerful city-state of ancient Greece which gave its name to the Crissaean plain and the Crissaean gulf and lies in the southwestern foothills of Mount Parnassus.  Chrisso is 2 km southwest of Delphi, 10 km southeast of Amfissa and 6 km northeast of Itea.  The Greek National Road 48 (Nafpaktos - Delphi - Livadeia) passes west of the village.  Chrisso belongs to the municipality of Delphi.
citations: Sparta Gylippus