question: a photo messaging application used for impermanent (self-deleting) photos, developed by an american internet entrepreneur named the youngest billionaire in the world in what year?
answer: 2015
context: Title: Marc Canter
  Passage: Marc Canter is an American internet entrepreneur, speaker, and "technology evangelist."  An early pioneer of online software, he has been called the "godfather of multimedia".  Canter is a co-founder of Cola, a company that publishes a messaging application.  Previously, he was a founder of social networking tool Broadband Mechanics, as well as Macromind, the company that became Macromedia.
  Title: Brian Acton
  Passage: Brian Acton (born February 17, 1972) is an American computer programmer and Internet entrepreneur.  He is the co-founder (with Jan Koum) of WhatsApp, a mobile messaging application which was acquired by Facebook Inc. in February 2014 for US$19 billion.  He was formerly employed at Yahoo Inc.
  Title: Jan Koum
  Passage: Jan Koum (; born February 24, 1976) is an American internet inventor and computer programmer.  He is the CEO and co-founder of WhatsApp, a mobile messaging application which was acquired by Facebook Inc. in February 2014 for US$19.3 billion.
  Title: Pokémate
  Passage: Pokémate (ポケメ～ト) is a "Pokémon"-themed application for NTT DoCoMo FOMA 900i series mobile phones developed by Square Enix.  It was announced in April 2006 as a Pokémon-themed messaging application for release that Summer in Japan, and launched on June 5 as a full game surrounding a messaging system.  The application allows players to care for Pokémon and communicate with friends.  Pokémon must first be captured with Poké Balls, of which the player has a limited supply.  The initial application was free, but to receive more Pokémates, Poké Balls, and other media, a monthly subscription price of 210 yen was required for the "formal service edition".  The game was only released in Japan, and the service was discontinued a year and a half after release in January 2008.  Beyond the initial announcement, the game drew little attention from both the Japanese and English-language press.
  Title: Snapchat
  Passage: Snapchat is an image messaging and multimedia mobile application created by Evan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy, and Reggie Brown, former students at Stanford University, and developed by Snap Inc., originally Snapchat Inc.  One of the principal concepts of Snapchat is that pictures and messages are only available for a short time before they become inaccessible.  The prototype for Snapchat was started by Brown and Spiegel as a project for one of Spiegel's classes at Stanford, where Spiegel was a product design major.  Beginning as "Picaboo", the idea was to create a selfie app (application) which allowed users to share images that were explicitly short-lived and self-deleting.  The temporary nature of the pictures would therefore encourage frivolity and emphasize a more natural flow of interaction.  When, in April 2011, Spiegel floated the product idea in front of his class as a final project, the classmates focused on the impermanent aspect of the potential product, and balked at the thought of temporary photos.  Murphy was eventually brought into the project to write the source code for the application, and Picaboo first launched as an iOS-only app in July 2011.  The application was relaunched in September under the name Snapchat.
  Title: Evan Spiegel
  Passage: Evan Thomas Spiegel (born June 4, 1990) is an American Internet entrepreneur.  He is the co-founder and CEO of the American multinational technology and social media company Snap Inc., which he created (as Snapchat Inc.) with Bobby Murphy and Reggie Brown while they were students at Stanford University.  Spiegel was named the youngest billionaire in the world in 2015.
  Title: Anton Melnyk
  Passage: Anton Sergiyovych Melnyk (Ukrainian: Антон Сергійович Мельник) is a Ukrainian computer programmer and Internet entrepreneur.  He is the co-founder of Runfaces (Vtalkie) a mobile messaging application which was one of the first video messaging startups and competed with Sean Parkers startup called Airtime.com.
  Title: MAPI
  Passage: Messaging Application Programming Interface (MAPI) is a messaging architecture and a Component Object Model based API for Microsoft Windows.  MAPI allows client programs to become (e-mail) messaging-enabled, -aware, or -based by calling MAPI subsystem routines that interface with certain messaging servers.  While MAPI is designed to be independent of the protocol, it is usually used with MAPI over HTTP or MAPI/RPC, protocols used by Microsoft Outlook communicate with Microsoft Exchange Server.
  Title: Kavin Bharti Mittal
  Passage: Kavin Bharti Mittal is an Indian Software engineer and Internet entrepreneur known for being the founder and CEO of hike Messenger, the world's sixth largest mobile messaging application.  He is the son of Sunil Mittal, the founder and chairman of Bharti Airtel, India's largest telecom company with a user base of over 350 million.
  Title: Timeline of Snapchat
  Passage: This is a timeline of Snapchat, a photo messaging application used for impermanent (self-deleting) photos, developed by Evan Spiegel and Bobby Murphy, and the developing company Snap Inc.
citations: Timeline of Snapchat Evan Spiegel