question: Who wrote the introduction to the book Cleaver wrote in 1968?
answer: Maxwell Geismar
context: Title: Mian Kifait Ali
  Passage: Major Mian Kifait Ali (July 1902 – 1 December 1994) was a pioneer of the Pakistan movement, his masterpiece book ""Confederacy of India"" published in 1939, under the pen name "A Punjabi" was the first to deal with political, economic and administrative aspects of Pakistan.  He was amongst the first to respond to the call of Pakistan sounded by Muhammad Iqbal in 1930 (Qutote from Chaudhry Muhammad Ali, Prime Minister of Pakistan), Dr. Khursheed kamal aziz Pakistan's official historian) has described this book as "the most comprehensive and far reaching scheme aimed at furthering and elaborating the idea of Pakistan.  Waheed uz-Zaman wrote in his book, "Pakistan", Lahore, 1964, P. 168, "The book was taken into consideration by the Muslim league, while preparing the Lahore resolution and the fact the solution proposed in the confederacy of India" differed but little from the proposed by the Muslim League in March 1940.  The venear of a Confederacy, which was the main theme of his scheme, could anytime be set aside and the remainder would have precisely... Pakistan.  So scholarly and so cogent was his reasoning that men like Dr.Rajendra Prasad felt compelled to join issues with him in his books, ("Pakistan"(Bombay and Calcutta, September 1940), p 34; see also his book ""India Divided"" page 180-181).  The book was reviewed in leading newspapers and journals.  Comparatively more scholarly appraisal was in the "Tarjaman-ul-Quran" of Maulana Abul Ala Maududi.  According to Mian Kifait Ali "The idea was suggested to me by the late Choudhary Rahmat Ali's writings and I developmed it to an extent to which no one had done earlier (Letter to Dr. K.K, September 5, 1968)".  Ali also stated that originally it was proposed to publish the book under the title of "Pakistan" a typed manuscript which bore this page title was sent to the press.  Soon after he received a telegraphic message from the Muhammad Ali Jinnah that book should not appear under the pen name of "Pakistan".  It was to comply with the Quaid's directive he prepared a federal scheme and was incorporated in the introduction of the book.  Thus the book was titled as "Confederacy of India".  (Nation article, 23 December 1994 by Sarfraz Hussain Mirza, ""Confederacy of India by A Punjabi"", also in Daily Times, Cam Diary, ""Pak history in Leichester"", and article by V.P Bhatia ""'Jinnah was against the name 'Pakistan' at First"".  It was in recognition of this work of Mian Kifait Ali that he was invited to work on the committee presided over by Sir Abdullah Haroon set up in February 1940 to examine the various schemes of constitutional reforms for India and to see whether a consolidated scheme can finally be framed.  His book has been referred to as the most comprehensive schemes at demystifying and detailing the ideas regarding the inception of Pakistan, quite a lot has been written about him and his work.  Mian Kifait Ali has done "pioneering work in the evolution of Muslim political thoughts and has suffered the hardship of a pioneer… when an objective appraisal of Muslim political movement is made by the historian.  He will find an honourable place among the pioneers and selfless workers in this great field of Muslim reconstruction (Quoted by Governor Punjab, Mushtaq Ahmed Gurmani).  Famous independence-era personalities such as Abul Ala Maududi, Chaudhry Muhammad Ali, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Vengalil Krishnan Krishna Menon, and Sardar V. Patel took issue with him.  He responded in several pamphlets.
  Title: Eldridge Cleaver
  Passage: Leroy Eldridge Cleaver (August 31, 1935 – May 1, 1998) was an American writer and political activist who became an early leader of the Black Panther Party.  His 1968 book, "Soul On Ice", is a collection of essays that, at the time of its publication, was praised by "The New York Times Book Review" as "brilliant and revealing".  In the most controversial part of the book, Cleaver acknowledges committing many acts of rape.
  Title: Soul On Ice (book)
  Passage: Soul On Ice is a memoir and collection of essays by Eldridge Cleaver.  Originally written in Folsom State Prison in 1965, and published three years later in 1968, it is Cleaver's best known writing and remains a seminal work in African-American literature.  The treatises were first printed in the nationally-circulated monthly "Ramparts" and became widely read (even praised by Norman Mailer) for their illustration and commentary on "Black America".  Throughout his narrative, Cleaver describes not only his transformation from a marijuana dealer and serial rapist into a convinced Malcolm X adherent and Marxist revolutionary, but also his analogous relationship to the politics of America.
  Title: Neelakantha (Hindu astrologer)
  Passage: Neelakantha, the 16th century author of Tajika Neelakanthi and Prasna Tantra, and the son of Anantadeva, hailed from Kashmir; his brother, Ramchandra, wrote "Muhurta Chintamani", the famous treatise on Electional Astrology.  Neelakantha was the court astrologer of the Moghul Emperor, Jalaluddin Akbar.  According to Deepak Kapoor, Neelakantha was born in the year 1556 The Tajika system of prognostication depends on the Varshaphala, Neelakantha wrote his famous book on Varshaphala, Tajika Neelakanthi, in the year 1587.  However, B V Raman in the introduction to Prasna Tantra states that in the last part of his Varshatantra (of Tajika Neelakanthi), Neelakantha records that he composed this book on the eighth day of the bright half of Aswija of Saka year 1509 which means 1567 AD.  There is also evidence that he hailed from Vidarbha and that he was 43 or 44 years old when he wrote this book.
  Title: Maxwell Geismar
  Passage: Maxwell Geismar (August 1, 1909 – July 1979) was an American author who wrote the introduction to Eldridge Cleaver's "Soul on Ice".  He signed the Triple Revolution statement sent to President Lyndon Johnson in 1964.
  Title: Soul on Ice (album)
  Passage: Soul On Ice is the critically acclaimed debut album by West Coast emcee Ras Kass, released on October 1, 1996, under Priority Records.  The album was produced by Ras Kass, as well as DJ Battlecat, Vooodu, Bird, Michael Barber, Michael Schlesinger, and Reno Delajuan.  Fellow West Coast rapper Coolio makes the only guest appearance on the album on the song "Drama."  The album's title is a reference to Black Panther member Eldridge Cleaver's 1968 book "Soul On Ice".
  Title: Johannes de Sacrobosco
  Passage: Johannes de Sacrobosco, also written Ioannis de Sacro Bosco ( 1195 – 1256), was a scholar, monk and astronomer who was a teacher at the University of Paris.  He wrote a short introduction to the Hindu–Arabic numeral system which became the most widely read introduction to that subject in the later medieval centuries (judging from the number of manuscript copies that survive today).  He also wrote a short astronomy textbook, "Tractatus de Sphaera", which was widely read and influential in Europe during the later medieval centuries as an introduction to astronomy.  In his longest and most original book, Sacrobosco correctly described the defects of the then-used Julian calendar, and, three centuries before its implementation, recommended a solution much like the modern Gregorian calendar.
  Title: Kathleen Lines
  Passage: Kathleen Mary Lines (24 September 1902 – 24 December 1988) was a book critic, editor, anthologist and librarian from Canada.  An expert on children's literature, she wrote, compiled, and edited "Four to Fourteen" (1950) for the National Book League.  She also wrote the introduction to the second edition of F. J. Harvey Darton's "Children's Books in England" (1958) and edited a series of illustrated fairy tale picture books. Artists for the picture books included Edward Ardizzone for the "Bodley Head".  Lines was also the general editor of the "Bodley Head Monographs" and edited "Lavender's Blue" (1954), a selection of classic nursery rhymes illustrated by Harold Jones.  The book won a Carnegie special commendation.
citations: Eldridge Cleaver Maxwell Geismar