question: A railway constructed along aqueducts in north west England from Heywood to Rawtenstall was built in response to the growing population of what time period?
answer: Industrial Revolution
context: Title: Uttoxeter Canal
  Passage: The Uttoxeter Canal    was a thirteen-mile extension of the Caldon Canal running from Froghall as far as Uttoxeter in Staffordshire, England.  It was authorised in 1797, but did not open until 1811.  With the exception of the first lock and basin at Froghall, it closed in 1849, in order that the Churnet Valley line of the North Staffordshire Railway could be constructed along its length.  The railway has since been dismantled and there are plans to reinstate the canal.
  Title: East Lancashire Railway
  Passage: The East Lancashire Railway is a 12+1/2 mi heritage railway line in north west England which runs between Heywood and Rawtenstall with intermediate stations at Bury Bolton Street, Burrs Country Park , Summerseat, Ramsbottom and Irwell Vale.
  Title: Alban Way
  Passage: The Alban Way is a cycle path in Hertfordshire, England, that has been constructed along the route of the former Hatfield to St Albans railway line.  It runs from St Albans, close to St Albans Abbey railway station and the site of Roman Verulamium, through Fleetville and Smallford to Hatfield, ending close to Hatfield railway station.  It is 7.5 mi long.
  Title: Listed buildings in Haslingden
  Passage: Haslingden is a town in Rossendale, Lancashire, England, and close to it are the communities of Helmshore, Ewood Bridge, and Irwell Vale.  The area contains 47 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings. Of these, three are listed at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  Until the coming of the Industrial Revolution the area was agricultural, and almost all the earliest listed buildings are farmhouses and farm buildings.  With the arrival of industry, first came weavers' cottages and then mills, some of which are listed.  As the population grew, buildings to serve the community were constructed.  Listed examples of these include churches and associated structures, and a public house.  The East Lancashire Railway passes through the area, and viaducts built to carry it are listed.  In addition the gateway to a public park and a war memorial are listed.
  Title: Swainsthorpe railway station
  Passage: Swainsthorpe was a railway station in Swainsthorpe, England, around five miles south of Norwich.  It was opened in 1850 when the Great Eastern Railway constructed the line between London and Norwich.  It was the first station south of the terminus at Norwich Victoria.  It was well served, in 1889 there were eight trains each way on weekdays.  Journey time into Norwich was approximately nine minutes.
  Title: North East England devolution referendum, 2004
  Passage: The North East England devolution referendum was an all postal ballot referendum that took place on 4 November 2004 throughout North East England on whether or not to establish an elected assembly for the region.  Devolution referendums in the regions of Northern England were initially proposed under provisions of the Regional Assemblies (Preparations) Act 2003.  Initially, three referendums were planned, but only one took place.  The votes concerned the question of devolving limited political powers from the UK Parliament to elected regional assemblies in North East England, North West England and Yorkshire and the Humber respectively.  Each were initially planned to be held on 4 November 2004, but on 22 July 2004 the planned referendums in North West England and in Yorkshire and the Humber were postponed, due to concerns raised about the use of postal ballots, but the referendum in North East England was allowed to continue, particularly as it was assumed that the region held the most support for the proposed devolution.
  Title: Stagecoach North West
  Passage: Stagecoach North West was a major operator of bus services in North West England.  It was a subsidiary of the Stagecoach Group, and had its origins in the purchase of Cumberland in 1987 and Ribble Motor Services in 1988 from the National Bus Company.  The head office of Stagecoach North West was in Carlisle.  Although the cities of Liverpool and Manchester are in the North West of England, Stagecoach Manchester and Stagecoach Merseyside were run as separate divisions.
  Title: Esholt Sewage Works Railway
  Passage: Esholt Sewage Works Railway was a standard gauge works railway constructed in 1910 to serve a sewage works in Esholt, West Yorkshire, England.
  Title: Croton Aqueduct
  Passage: The Croton Aqueduct or Old Croton Aqueduct was a large and complex water distribution system constructed for New York City between 1837 and 1842.  It was one of the first great modern aqueducts and transported water by the force of gravity alone 41 mi from the Croton River in Westchester County into reservoirs in Manhattan, where local water resources had become polluted and inadequate for the growing population of the city.  Although the aqueduct was supplemented and largely superseded by the New Croton Aqueduct, which was built in 1890, the Old Croton Aqueduct remained in service until 1955.
  Title: Listed buildings in Rawtenstall
  Passage: Rawtenstall is a town in Rossendale, Lancashire, England.  Associated with it, or nearby, are the communities of Waterfoot, Newchurch, Ewood Bridge, Lumb, Water, Crawshawbooth, Goodshaw, and Love Clough.  The area contains 96 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings. Of these, seven are listed at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  Until the coming of the Industrial Revolution the area was rural, and most of the oldest listed buildings are, or originated as, farmhouses, farm buildings, cottages and larger houses.  A former packhorse bridge has survived, and is listed.  The earliest evidence of industry is in the weavers' cottages, some of which are listed.  Later came the mills; some of these have survived and are listed.  The other listed buildings are those associated with the growing population and include churches and associated structures, public houses, shops, a bank, schools, a library, the gateway to the cemetery, and war memorials.
citations: Listed buildings in Haslingden East Lancashire Railway