question: What is located in Pooneryn, adjacent to the Jaffna Peninsula and was captured by  a governorate established in present-day Sri Lanka by the Dutch East India Company?
answer: Pooneryn Fort
context: Title: List of Dutch colonial buildings in Sri Lanka
  Passage: List of notable Dutch colonial buildings built by or during the Dutch Governorate of Ceylon in present-day Sri Lanka.  The Dutch Ceylon was a Governorate established by the Dutch East India Company and lasted from 1640 until 1796.  During this period many Dutch style buildings and structures were built that exist to this day, many other smaller buildings and houses also exist throughout the country.
  Title: Governorate of Ambon
  Passage: Ambon was a governorate of the Dutch East India Company, consisting of Ambon Island and ten neighbouring islands.  Steven van der Hagen captured Fort Victoria on 22 February 1605 from the Portuguese in the name of the Dutch East India Company.  Until 1619, Ambon served as the capital of the Dutch possessions in East Asia.  In that year Batavia was founded to function as the staple port for the Dutch East India Company in Asia.  The island was the world center of clove production until the 19th century.  The Dutch prohibited the rearing of the clove-tree in all the other islands subject to their rule, in order to secure the monopoly to Ambon.
  Title: Peter Percival
  Passage: Peter Percival (24 July 1803 – 11 July 1882) was a British born missionary, linguist and a pioneering educator in Sri Lanka and South India during the British colonial era.  His work influenced prominent people such as Robert Bruce Foote a pioneering geologist and archaeologist and Arumuka Navalar, a Hindu revivalist.  He began his career in British held Sri Lanka and Bengal as a Wesleyan Methodist missionary.  His early work was in the minority Sri Lankan Tamil dominant Jaffna peninsula.  He was instrumental in starting and upgrading a number of schools within the Jaffna peninsula.  His preference of education over evangelism influenced educational programs off all others who sought to improve the literacy rate in the district.  During his stay in Jaffna, he led the effort to translate the Bible into Tamil, based on the Authorised Version.  After returning to England, he converted to Anglicanism.  Subsequent to his posting in South India, he severed his association with the Anglican Missionary Society that had sent him to India and worked as an educator in Presidency College in Madras Presidency.  He published English-Tamil and English-Telugu dictionaries as well as a number of books on Indian culture and religion.  He died in 1882 in Yercaud in present-day Tamil Nadu.
  Title: Jaffna Kingdom
  Passage: The Jaffna Kingdom (Tamil: யாழ்ப்பாண அரசு ) (1215-1624 CE), also known as Kingdom of Aryacakravarti, of modern northern Sri Lanka was a historic monarchy that came into existence around the town of Jaffna on the Jaffna peninsula after the invasion of Magha, who is identified as the founder of the Jaffna kingdom and is said to have been from Kalinga, in India.  Established as a powerful force in the north, north east and west of the island, it eventually became a tribute paying feudatory of the Pandyan Empire in modern South India in 1258, gaining independence in 1323 with the fragmentation of the Pandyan control when the last Pandyan ruler of Madurai was defeated and expelled in 1323 by Malik Kafur, the army general of the Muslim empire Delhi Sultanate.  For a brief period, in the early to mid-14th century, it was an ascendant power in the island of Sri Lanka when all regional kingdoms accepted subordination.  However, the kingdom was eventually overpowered by the rival Kotte Kingdom, around 1450 when it was invaded by Prince Sapumal under the Kotte Kingdoms directive.
  Title: Dutch Ceylon
  Passage: Dutch Ceylon was a governorate established in present-day Sri Lanka by the Dutch East India Company.  It existed from 1640 until 1796.
  Title: Kandarodai
  Passage: Kandarodai (Tamil: கந்தரோடை , Kadiramalai Tamil: கதிரமலை or Kandurugoda Sinhalese: කදුරුගොඩ ) a small hamlet and archaeological site of Chunnakam town is a suburb in Jaffna District, Sri Lanka.  Known as "Kadiramalai" (from "Kudiramalai") in the ancient period, the area served as a famous emporium city and capital of Tamil kingdoms in the Jaffna peninsula of North Eastern Ceylon from classical antiquity.  Located near a world-famous port at that time, Kandarodai was the first site the Archaeology Department in Sri Lanka excavated in the Jaffna peninsula.
  Title: American Ceylon Mission
  Passage: The American Ceylon Mission (ACM) to Jaffna, Sri Lanka started with the arrival in 1813 of missionaries sponsored by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM).  The British colonial office in India and Ceylon restricted the Americans to the relatively small Jaffna Peninsula for geopolitical reasons for almost 40 years.  The critical period of the impact of the missionaries was from the 1820s to early 20th century.  During this time, they engaged in original translations from English to Tamil, printing, and publishing, establishing primary, secondary and tertiary educational institutions and providing health care for residents of the Jaffna Peninsula.  These activities resulted in many social changes amongst Sri Lankan Tamils that survive even today.  They also led to the attainment of a lopsided literacy level among residents in the relatively small peninsula that is cited by scholars as one of the primary factors contributing to the recently ended civil war.  Many notable educational and health institutions within the Jaffna Peninsula owe their origins to the missionary activists from America.  Missionaries also courted controversy by publishing negative information about local religious practices and rituals.
  Title: Pooneryn fort
  Passage: Pooneryn Fort (Tamil: பூநகரிக் கோட்டை ; Sinhalese: පූනරීන් බලකොටුව ) is located in Pooneryn, adjacent to the Jaffna Peninsula.  It was built by Portuguese to protect their possessions in Jaffna.  The fort was captured by the Dutch in 1658, and subsequently by the British in 1796.
  Title: Vannimai
  Passage: The Vannimai, or Vanni chieftaincies, were feudal land divisions ruled by chiefs south of the Jaffna peninsula in northern Sri Lanka.  These chieftaincies arose in the 12th century, with the rise of the medieval Tamil kingdom's golden age and the collapse of the Rajarata kingdom.  The chieftaincies developed in sparsely settled areas, and were ruled by Vanniars.  An extension of the Jaffna kingdom's territory, the chiefs of the Vannimais were, for most of their existence, tribute-paying subordinates to Jaffna.  At 1621, the Jaffna Kingdom was conquered by the Portuguese and the Vanni chiefs became tributaries of the Portuguese Ceylon.  The Portuguese colony in Sri Lanka was later taken over by the Dutch.  During the Dutch rule it came to Vannian resistances against the colonial rule, one of these was the rebellion of Pandara Vanniyan.  Allied with the Kingdom of Kandy, Pandara Vanniyan fought with guerrilla tactics against the Dutch and British.  At 1803, he was defeated by Lt. von Driberg and Vanni fell into hands of the British.  Vanni had been reincorporated with Jaffna Peninsula to form the Malabar Coylot Vanni country which later became the Northern Province of Sri Lanka.
citations: Dutch Ceylon Pooneryn fort