question: A sacred grove or sacred woods are any grove of trees that are of special religious importance to a particular culture, during the Northern Crusades, were religious wars undertaken by Catholic Christian military orders and kingdoms, there was a common practice of building churches on the sites of what?
answer: sacred groves
context: Title: Northern Crusades
  Passage: The Northern Crusades or Baltic Crusades were religious wars undertaken by Catholic Christian military orders and kingdoms, primarily against the pagan Baltic, Finnic and Western Slavic peoples around the southern and eastern shores of the Baltic Sea, and to a lesser extent also against Orthodox Christian Slavs (East Slavs).  The crusades took place mostly in the 12th and 13th centuries and resulted in the subjugation and forced baptism of indigenous peoples.
  Title: Athenian sacred ships
  Passage: Athenian sacred ships were ancient Athenian ships, often triremes, which had special religious functions such as serving in sacred processions ("theoria") or embassies or racing in boat races during religious festivals.  The two most famous such ships were the "Paralus" and the "Salaminia", which also served as the messenger ships of the Athenian government in the 5th and 4th centuries BC.  Other notable ships included one possibly named the "Delias", a "triakonter" (thirty-oared galley) believed to be the ship in which Theseus had sailed to Crete, and which was involved in several traditional theoria to Delos; the vessel was constantly repaired by replacing individual planks to keep it seaworthy while maintaining its identity as the same ship.  (For the philosophical question of the ship's identity, see Ship of Theseus.)  After the reforms of Cleisthenes, a ship was named for each of the ten tribes that political leader had created; these ships may also have been sacred ships.
  Title: Sacred grove
  Passage: A sacred grove or sacred woods are any grove of trees that are of special religious importance to a particular culture.  Sacred groves feature in various cultures throughout the world.  They were important features of the mythological landscape and cult practice of Celtic, Baltic, Germanic, ancient Greek, Near Eastern, Roman, and Slavic polytheism, and were also used in India, Japan, and West Africa.  Examples of sacred groves include the Greco-Roman "temenos", the Norse "hörgr", and the Celtic "nemeton", which was largely but not exclusively associated with Druidic practice.  During the Northern Crusades, there was a common practice of building churches on the sites of sacred groves.  The Lakota and various other North American tribes consider particular forests or other natural landmarks to be sacred.
  Title: Temple of Juno Lucina
  Passage: The Temple of Juno Lucina (Latin: "Aedes Iunonis Lucinae") was a temple dedicated to Juno Lucina (goddess of women in childbirth) on the Esquiline Hill in Rome.  It was dedicated on 1 March 375 BC, the festival of the Matronalia.  Before its construction, the cult of Juno Lucina occurred in a sacred grove or "lucus" (possibly the origin of the epithet Lucina) on the site - Varro dates the cult's origin to Titus Tatius, king of the Sabines.  It was struck by lightning in 190 BC, damaging the tympanum and doorway.  In 41 BC the quaestor Quintus Pedius built or rebuilt a wall possibly dating back to the sacred grove.  It was still operational in the imperial period, as attested to in inscriptions.
  Title: Crusades
  Passage: The Crusades were a series of religious wars sanctioned by the Latin Church in the medieval period.  The most commonly known Crusades are the campaigns in the Eastern Mediterranean aimed at recovering the Holy Land from Islamic rule but the term "Crusades" is also applied to other church-sanctioned campaigns.  These were fought for a variety of reasons including the suppression of paganism and heresy, the resolution of conflict among rival Roman Catholic groups, or for political and territorial advantage.  At the time of the early Crusades the word did not exist, only becoming the leading descriptive term around 1760.
  Title: Religious text
  Passage: Religious texts (also known as scripture, or scriptures, from the Latin scriptura, meaning "a writing") are texts which religious traditions consider to be central to their religious practice or set of beliefs.  Religious texts may be used to provide meaning and purpose, evoke a deeper connection with the divine, convey religious truths, promote religious experience, foster communal identity, and guide individual and communal religious practice.  Religious texts often communicate the practices or values of a religious traditions and can be looked to as a set of guiding principles which dictate physical, mental, spiritual, or historical elements considered important to a specific religion.  The terms 'sacred' text and 'religious' text are not necessarily interchangeable in that some religious texts are believed to be sacred because of their nature as divinely or supernaturally revealed or inspired, whereas some religious texts are simply narratives pertaining to the general themes, practices, or important figures of the specific religion, and not necessarily considered sacred.
  Title: Sacred grove (disambiguation)
  Passage: A sacred grove or sacred woods is any grove of trees of special religious importance to a particular culture.  For particular sacred groves, and other meanings, see:
citations: Sacred grove Northern Crusades