question: Desmond is a given name and surname of, derived from the Irish place-name "Desmond", the vast majority of placenames in Ireland are anglicisations of which type of language names?
answer: Irish
context: Title: Place names in Ireland
  Passage: The vast majority of placenames in Ireland are anglicisations of Irish language names; that is, adaptations of the Irish names to English phonology and spelling.  However, some names come directly from the English language, and a handful come from Old Norse and Scots.  The study of placenames in Ireland unveils features of the country's history and geography, and the development of the Irish language.  The name of Ireland itself comes from the Irish name "Éire", added to the Germanic word "land".  In mythology, Éire was an Irish goddess of the land and of sovereignty (see Ériu).
  Title: List of Falkland Islands placenames
  Passage: This is a list of English and Spanish language placenames in the Falkland Islands.  Most of the Spanish language names are quite different in origin to their English equivalents, and many have religious resonances.  Some names were given by the Spanish "conquistadores", while others were given later by the Argentine government.
  Title: Don (given name)
  Passage: Don is a masculine given name in the Irish language and a short form of another masculine given name in the English language.  The Irish name is derived from the Irish "donn"; the name can either mean "brown", or "chief", "noble".  The Irish name is a variant spelling of "Donn".  The English name is unrelated to the Irish name; this name is a short form of the given name "Donald".  Pet forms of this English name include: "Donnie" and "Donny".  It can also be a surname, also derived from "brown".  It is a common name in the English language.
  Title: Roger
  Passage: Roger ( , ) is a masculine given name and a surname.  The given name is derived from the Old French personal names "Roger " and "Rogier ".  These names are of Germanic origin, derived from the elements "hrōd " ("fame", "renown") and "gār ", "gēr " ("spear", "lance").  The name was introduced into England by the Normans.  In Normandy, the Frankish name had been reinforced by the Old Norse cognate "Hróðgeirr ".  The name introduced into England replaced the Old English cognate "Hroðgar ".  "Roger" became a very common given name during the Middle Ages.  A variant form of the given name "Roger" is "Rodger".  The surname "Roger" is sometimes an Anglicised form of the Gaelic surname "Mac Ruaidhrí ".
  Title: Brennan (given name)
  Passage: Brennan and Braonán are masculine given names, "Brennan" is also a feminine given name.  The given name "Brennan" is considered to be mainly an Irish or Gaelic name.  The name is derived from the Irish surname "Brennan", which in one form appears in Irish as "Ó Braonáin", meaning "descendant of "Braonán"".  The Gaelic personal name "Braonán" is derived from the Irish "braon", meaning "sorrow".  In some cases the given name "Brennan" may be a contracted form of the given name "Brendan".
  Title: Douglas (surname)
  Passage: Douglas (occasionally spelled "Douglass") is a common surname of Scottish origin, thought to derive from the Gaelic "dubh glas", meaning "black stream".  There are numerous places in Scotland from which the surname is derived.  The surname has developed into the given name "Douglas".  "Douglas" is a habitational name, which could be derived from any of the many places so-named.  While there are numerous places with this name in Scotland, it is thought, in most cases, to refer to Douglas, South Lanarkshire, the location of Douglas Castle, the chief stronghold of the Lords of Douglas.  The Scottish Gaelic form of the given name is "Dùbhghlas"; the Irish language form it is "Dúghlas", and "Dubhghlas", which are pronounced ] .  According to George Fraser Black, in southern Argyllshire the surname is an Anglicised form of the surnames "MacLucas", "MacLugash" (which are derived from the Gaelic "Mac Lùcais").
  Title: Gillespie
  Passage: Gillespie ( ) is both a masculine given name, and a surname in the English language.  The given name is an Anglicised form of the Gaelic "Gille Easbaig" (also rendered "Gilleasbaig"), meaning "bishop's servant".  The surname "Gillespie" is an Anglicised form of the Scottish Gaelic "Mac Gille Easbuig", and the Irish "Mac Giolla Easpaig", both of which mean "servant of the bishop".  The given name itself is derived from a word of Latin origin.  Specifically, the Old Irish "epscop" being derived from the Latin "episcopus".  An early example of the name in Scotland occurs in a charter dated 1175–1199, recording a certain ""Ewano filio Gillaspeck"".  In Ireland, a family bearing the surname occupied the office of "toísech" of Clann Aílebra in the late twelfth century.  In 1172, for example, the "toísech" was slain by Donn Slébe Ua hEochada, King of Ulster.  This slain Mac Gilla Espuic may be identical to a certain Gilla Óengusa mac Gilla Espuic, "rechtaire" of the Monaig of Ulster, who is earlier recorded in the king's service.  Whatever the case, a later family bearing the surname appears on record as erenaghs of Kilraine in County Donegal.  During the sixteenth- and seventeenth-centuries in Ireland, the surname is most common in Ulster.  During the nineteenth century in Ireland, the surname was most numerous in the counties of Antrim, Donegal, Armagh, and Tyrone.  Scottish Gaelic forms of the surname include "GillEasbuig", and "GillEasbaig".
  Title: List of longest placenames in Ireland
  Passage: This is a list of the longest place names in Ireland.  It includes names written in English as a single word of at least 20 letters.  The vast majority of English-language place names in Ireland are anglicisations of Irish language names.  The spelling which has legal force is usually that used by the Ordnance Survey of Ireland.  Many of Ireland's longest place names are found in the far west of the island, where the Irish language survived the longest; including Gaeltacht areas, where it is still the vernacular.  These names are generally written as multiple words in Irish.
  Title: Dallas (name)
  Passage: Dallas is a surname of Scottish and English origin, as well as a given name.  When of Scottish origin the name is a habitational name, derived from Dallas near Forres.  This place-name is likely derived from the British "dol" "meadow" + "gwas" "dwelling" (compare Gaelic "dail" + "fas").  This name also appears in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland.  When of English origin the name is a habitational name, derived from the Old English "dæl", or Old Norse "dalr" "valley" + "hus" "house".  An example of such a derivation is Dalehouse in North Yorkshire.  The name can also be a topographic name, derived in the same fashion.
  Title: Desmond (name)
  Passage: Desmond is a given name and surname of, derived from the Irish place-name "Desmond", an anglicization of Gaelic "Deas-Mhumhna" "South Munster".  The Irish peerages of Ormonde, Desmond, and Thomond represented the old sub-kingdoms of East, South and North Munster, respectively.  South Munster existed as an independent territory between 1118 and 1543.  The title of Earl of Desmond (fourth creation) in the Peerage of Ireland originates in 1628; it is currently held by Alexander Feilding, 12th Earl of Denbigh (b. 1970).
citations: Desmond (name) Place names in Ireland