question: Phantom, the musical and 1990 miniseries "The Phantom of the Opera" are based on the 1910 novel by which author?
answer: Gaston Leroux
context: Title: Phantom (musical)
  Passage: Phantom is a musical with music and lyrics by Maury Yeston and a book by Arthur Kopit.  Based on Gaston Leroux's 1910 novel "The Phantom of the Opera", the musical was first presented in Houston, Texas in 1991.
  Title: Viscount Raoul de Chagny
  Passage: Raoul, Vicomte de Chagny is a fictional character and one of the protagonists of Gaston Leroux's 1910 novel "The Phantom of the Opera".
  Title: The Canary Trainer
  Passage: The Canary Trainer: From the Memoirs of John H. Watson is a 1993 Sherlock Holmes pastiche by Nicholas Meyer.  Like "The Seven Percent Solution" and "The West End Horror", "The Canary Trainer" was published as a "lost manuscript" of the late Dr. John H. Watson.  In "The Adventure of Black Peter", an original Arthur Conan Doyle Holmes story from 1904, Watson mentions that his companion recently arrested "Wilson, the notorious canary-trainer, which removed a plague-spot from the East-End of London."  This Wilson (who figures prominently in the Adrian Conan Doyle pastiche "The Adventure of the Deptford Horror") is not related to the eponymous character of Meyer's novel.  Meyer's "trainer" is Erik, the principal figure of Gaston Leroux's 1910 novel "The Phantom of the Opera".  It is from this unchronicled tale that The Notorious Canary Trainers (a Sherlockian scion in Madison, Wisconsin, founded in 1969) take their name.
  Title: The Phantom of the Opera (1925 film)
  Passage: The Phantom of the Opera is a 1925 American silent horror film adaptation of Gaston Leroux's 1910 novel "Le Fantôme de l'Opéra", directed by Rupert Julian and starring Lon Chaney, Sr. in the title role of the deformed Phantom who haunts the Paris Opera House, causing murder and mayhem in an attempt to make the woman he "loves" a star.  The film remains most famous for Chaney's ghastly, self-devised make-up, which was kept a studio secret until the film's premiere.  The film was released on November 25, 1925.
  Title: The Phantom of the Opera (disambiguation)
  Passage: The Phantom of the Opera is a 1910 novel by Gaston Leroux.
  Title: The Phantom of the Opera (miniseries)
  Passage: The Phantom of the Opera is a 1990 NBC two-part drama television miniseries directed by Tony Richardson and stars Charles Dance in the title role.  It is adapted from Arthur Kopit's book for his then-unproduced stage musical "Phantom", which is based loosely on Gaston Leroux's novel.
citations: Phantom (musical) The Phantom of the Opera (miniseries)