question: When did the double agent who was recruited by Arnold Deutsch defect to the Soviet Union ?
answer: 1963
context: Title: Soviet deportations from Lithuania
  Passage: Soviet deportations from Lithuania were a series of 35 mass deportations carried out in Lithuania, a country that was occupied as a constituent socialist republic of the Soviet Union, in 1941 and 1945–1952.  At least 130,000 people, 70% of them women and children, were forcibly transported to labor camps and other forced settlements in remote parts of the Soviet Union, particularly in the Irkutsk Oblast and Krasnoyarsk Krai.  Among the deportees were about 4,500 Poles.  These deportations do not include Lithuanian partisans or political prisoners (approximately 150,000 people) deported to Gulags (prison camps).  Deportations of the civilians served a double purpose: repressing resistance to Sovietization policies in Lithuania and providing free labor in sparsely inhabited areas of the Soviet Union.  Approximately 28,000 of Lithuanian deportees died in exile due to poor living conditions.  After Stalin's death in 1953, the deportees were slowly and gradually released.  The last deportees were released only in 1963.  Some 60,000 managed to return to Lithuania, while 30,000 were prohibited from settling back in their homeland.  Similar deportations took place in Latvia, Estonia, and other parts of the Soviet Union (see Soviet deportations from Estonia and population transfer in the Soviet Union).  Lithuania observes the annual Mourning and Hope Day on June 14 in memory of those deported.
  Title: Duncan Lee
  Passage: Lt. Col. Duncan Chaplin Lee (1913 – 1988) was confidential assistant to Maj. Gen. William ("Wild Bill") Donovan, founder and director of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), World War II-era predecessor of the CIA, during 1942-46.  Lee is identified in the Venona project as the Soviet double agent operating inside OSS under the cover name "Koch," making him the most senior alleged source the Soviet Union ever had inside American intelligence.
  Title: Kim Philby
  Passage: Harold Adrian Russell "Kim" Philby (1 January 1912 – 11 May 1988) was a high-ranking member of British intelligence who worked as a double agent before defecting to the Soviet Union in 1963.  He served as both an NKVD and KGB operative.
  Title: Edith Tudor-Hart
  Passage: Edith Tudor-Hart (née Edith Suschitzky; 1908–1973) was an Austrian-British photographer, communist-sympathiser and spy for the Soviet Union.  Some of her work is in the National Gallery in London.  Brought up in a family of socialists, she trained in photography at Walter Gropius's Bauhaus in Dessau, and carried her political ideals through her art.  Through her connections with Arnold Deutsch, Tudor-Hart was instrumental in the recruiting of the Cambridge Spy ring which damaged British intelligence from World War II until their discovery in the late 1960s.  She recommended Litzi Friedmann and Kim Philby for recruitment by the KGB and acted as an intermediary for Anthony Blunt and Bob Stewart when the "rezidentura" at the Soviet Embassy in London suspended its operations in February 1940. <ref name="Guardian 21/8/2015">The Guardian", 21 August 2015, "How MI5 failed to expose matriarch of Cambridge spy ring" by Ian Cobain</ref>
  Title: George Blake
  Passage: George Blake (born George Behar 11 November 1922), is a former British spy who worked as a double agent for the Soviet Union.  He became a Communist and decided to work for the KGB while a prisoner during the Korean War.  Discovered in 1961 and sentenced to 42 years in prison, he escaped from Wormwood Scrubs prison in 1966 and fled to the USSR.  He was not one of the Cambridge spies, although he associated with fellow traitors Donald Maclean and Kim Philby after reaching the USSR.
  Title: John Cairncross
  Passage: John Cairncross (25 July 1913 – 8 October 1995) was a British civil servant who became an intelligence officer and spy during the Second World War.  As a Soviet double agent, he passed to the Soviet Union the raw Tunny decrypts that influenced the Battle of Kursk.  He was alleged to be the fifth member of the Cambridge Five.
  Title: Arnold Deutsch
  Passage: Arnold Deutsch (1903–1942?) , variously described as Austrian, Czech or Hungarian, was an academic who worked as a Soviet spy, best known for having recruited Kim Philby.  Much of his life remains unknown or disputed.
citations: Kim Philby Arnold Deutsch