question: Eileen Caddy founded her award-winning experimental architectural community in what country?
answer: Scotland
context: Title: Liebenberg and Kaplan
  Passage: Liebenberg and Kaplan (L&K) was a Minneapolis architectural firm founded in 1923 by Jacob J. Liebenberg and Seeman I. Kaplan.  Over a fifty-year period, L&K became one of the Twin Cities' most successful architectural firms, best known for designing prestigious homes, synagogues, and theaters.  The firm also designed hospitals, commercial and institutional buildings, country clubs, places of worship, radio and television stations, hotels, apartment buildings, and private residences.  After designing Temple Israel and the Granada Theatre (later the Suburban World) in Minneapolis, the firm began specializing in acoustics and theater design and went on to plan the construction and/or renovation of more than 200 movie houses throughout Minnesota, North and South Dakota, Iowa, and Wisconsin.  Architectural records, original drawings, and plans for some 2,500 Liebenberg and Kaplan projects are available for public use at the University of Minnesota's Northwest Architectural Archives.
  Title: Olga de Amaral
  Passage: Olga de Amaral was born as Olga Ceballos Velez in Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia to parents from the Antioquia region of Colombia.  She was raised in a traditional religious family with 5 sisters and 2 brothers.  She grew up in a traditional neighbourhood in Bogotá in a warm, safe family atmosphere, maintaining a special relationship with her loving and caring mother.  Upon graduating from high school, in the years 1951-52 she got a degree in Architectural Design at the Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca in Bogotá.  After graduation, the future textile artist worked for a year as a director of the Architectural Drawing Faculty at the same school.  In 1954, de Amaral went to the United States to study English in New York at the Columbia University.  She then moved and studied fiber art at the Cranbrook Academy of Art in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, USA (1954–55).  The artist cherishes that period of her education and considers it crucial for her later artistic development: "In Cranbrook, the textile workshop had eight looms placed against the windows: one of them, in the corner, would be my home for a year.  There, I lived my most intimate moments of solitude; there was born my certainty about color; its strength; I felt as if I loved color as though it were something tangible.  I also learned to speak in color.  I remember with nostalgia that experience in which souls touched hands".  At Cranbrook de Amaral met Jim Amaral and they became close friends.  In 1955, after a year in Cranbrook, she returned to Colombia and started to make decorative textiles on commission for her architect friends.  Meanwhile, Jim Amaral was in the U.S. Navy, on a base in the Philippines.  In 1956, Jim visited Colombia to see Olga, initially for a few weeks.  Shortly after, Jim Amaral and Olga Ceballos Velez married and settled in Bogotá.  They started a family (children Diego and Andrea) and a workshop of handwoven textiles.  During that period, Jack Lenor Larsen visited Colombia and the Amaral's workshop.  He expressed interest in Olga's tapestries.  Their professional and artistic relationship became crucial in projection of her work internationally in the world of contemporary tapestry.  In 1965 de Amaral founded and taught at the Textile Department at the Universidad de los Andes (University of the Andes) in Bogotá.  In 1966-1967 the Amaral family lived in New York.  There Olga de Amaral met Eileen Vanderbilt from the World Crafts Council and became its representative for Colombia.  With Jack Lenor Larsen's collaboration, Olga de Amaral displayed her tapestries in New York (solo exhibition in Jack Lenor Larsen’s New York showroom in 1967), taught at Penland School of Crafts in North Carolina and in Haystack Mountain School of Crafts in Maine.  After returning to Colombia, the Amarals travelled to Popayán and Tierradentro region with its must-see San Agustín.  Later Olga visited Peru as the WCC representative.  On a rapid visit to Ireland to participate in a WCC conference, Olga met Lucie Rie, a British ceramist who inspired her to incorporate gold into the tapestries.  At the beginning of the seventies, the Amarals moved to Barcelona and then to Paris.  They visited Greece, Italy, Holland, Belgium, Switzerland, Sweden, and England.  They made contacts with the centres of European art.  They lived for a time in Europe, then returned to Bogotá, visited different areas of Colombia, and then went back to France, amid exhibits, work, and new friendships.  Another important journey for the artist was her travel to Japan.  Nowadays Olga de Amaral lives and works in Bogotá, Colombia.
  Title: Findhorn Ecovillage
  Passage: Findhorn Ecovillage is an experimental architectural community project based at The Park, in Moray, Scotland, near the village of Findhorn.  The project's main aim is to demonstrate a sustainable development in environmental, social, and economic terms.  Work began in the early 1980s under the auspices of the Findhorn Foundation but now includes a wide diversity of organisations and activities.  Numerous different ecological techniques are in use, and the project has won a variety of awards, including the UN-Habitat Best Practice Designation in 1998.
  Title: Mary Fiske Stoughton House
  Passage: The Mary Fiske Stoughton House is a National Historic Landmark house at 90 Brattle Street in Cambridge, Massachusetts.  Henry Hobson Richardson designed the house in 1882 in what is now called the Shingle Style, with a minimum of ornament and shingles stretching over the building's irregular volumes like a skin.  The house drew immediate notice in the architectural community, and was a significant influence in the growth in popularity of the Shingle style in the late 19th century.  Richardson's masterful use of space in its design also foreshadowed the work of major 20th century architects, including Frank Lloyd Wright.  The house was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1989.
  Title: Peter Caddy
  Passage: Peter Caddy (20 March 1917 – 18 February 1994) was a British caterer, hotelier, and with his wife Eileen Caddy and their friend Dorothy Maclean, co-founder of the Findhorn Foundation community.
  Title: GenerativeComponents
  Passage: GenerativeComponents is parametric CAD software developed by Bentley Systems, was first introduced in 2003, became increasingly used in practice (especially by the London architectural community) by early 2005, and was commercially released in November 2007.  GenerativeComponents has a strong traditional base of users in academia and at technologically advanced design firms.  GenerativeComponents is often referred to by the nickname of 'GC'.  GC epitomizes the quest to bring parametric modeling capabilities of 3D solid modeling into architectural design, seeking to provide greater fluidity and fluency than mechanical 3D solid modeling.
  Title: Umeå School of Architecture
  Passage: Umeå School of Architecture (abbreviated UMA) was founded in 2009 as the fourth academic school in Sweden to provide a professional degree in architecture.  It is part of Umeå University.  Unlike the other Architectural Schools in Sweden, UMA has a spoken policy of sustainable development and integrated design, and aims to grow into "an international laboratory of experimental architectural development."  The Danish architect Peter Kjaer is appointed rector for the school.
  Title: Eileen Caddy
  Passage: Eileen Caddy MBE (26 August 1917 – 13 December 2006) was a spiritual teacher and new age author, best known as one of the founders of the Findhorn Foundation community at the Findhorn Ecovillage, near the village of Findhorn, Moray Firth, in northeast Scotland.  The commune which she started in 1962 with her second husband, Peter Caddy, and Dorothy Maclean was an early New Age intentional community; as of January 2009 it has been home to over 400 residents and thousands of visitors from over 40 countries, and is one of the UK's largest alternative spiritual communities, nicknamed "the Vatican of the New Age".
  Title: LEAF Award
  Passage: The Emirates Glass LEAF Awards is an annual international architectural prize.  It recognises innovative architectural design that sets the benchmark for the international architectural community of the next generation.
  Title: San Francisco Institute of Architecture
  Passage: The San Francisco Institute of Architecture (SFIA) was founded in 1990 by Fred A. Stitt, architect, as a school devoted to innovation in design and experimental research and reform in architectural education.  Its goal: to offer a new kind of architectural education, grounded in nature-based architecture and sustainable design.  The school was co founded by Lou Marines, former CEO of the national American Institute of Architects.  A year later Marines left SFIA to pursue independent continuing education professional development programs.
citations: Eileen Caddy Findhorn Ecovillage