question: What term, first applied by the dominant cultural group, reffered to the musician Billy Hughes?
answer: Okie
context: Title: Billy Hughes (musician)
  Passage: Everette Ishmael "Billy" Hughes (September 14, 1908 – May 6, 1995) was a Western Swing musician and songwriter.  Born in Sallisaw, Oklahoma, he left for California during the Okie exodus of the 1930s.  Billy Hughes and His Buccaroos performed during the 1940s and early 1950s.  He also owned an independent recording company, Fargo Records.  As a writer he is best known for "Tennessee Saturday Night" which was recorded by Red Foley and became a No. 1 hit in 1949.  He died in Horatio, Arkansas.
  Title: Canada–United States relations
  Passage: Relations between Canada and the United States of America historically have been extensive, given a shared border and ever-increasing close cultural, economical ties and similarities.  The shared historical and cultural heritage has resulted in one of the most stable and mutually beneficial international relationships in the world.  For both countries, the level of trade with the other is at the top of the annual combined import-export total.  Tourism and migration between the two nations have increased rapport, but border security was heightened after the terrorist attacks in the United States on September 11, 2001.  The U.S. is ten times larger in population and has the dominant cultural and economic influence in the world.  Starting with the American Revolution, when anti-American Loyalists fled to Canada, a vocal element in Canada has warned against US dominance or annexation.  The War of 1812 saw invasions across the border.  In 1815, the war ended with the border unchanged and demilitarized, as were the Great Lakes.  The British ceased aiding First Nation attacks on American territory, and the United States never again attempted to invade Canada.  Apart from minor raids, it has remained peaceful.
  Title: Lingnan culture
  Passage: Lingnan culture (Cantonese Jyutping: Ling naam man faa; Traditional Chinese characters: 嶺南文化) refers to the culture of the core Lingnan region - the provinces of Guangdong ("Gwongdung" in Cantonese) and Guangxi ("Gwongsai" in Cantonese) in southern China.  In a purely geographical sense, this term can include Hakka culture and Teochew culture in the area.  The term is, however, more typically used to refer to Cantonese culture, which has historically been the dominant cultural force in Gwongdung and the eastern half of Gwongsai.  Here, this term also includes culture of Hong Kong and culture of Macau, since the people of Hong Kong and Macau are largely Cantonese.  Lingnan culture is the subject of research at several institutions such as the Centre of Lingnan Culture studies.  It is often contrasted against the culture of China's northern plains (i.e., Zhongyuan culture).
  Title: Liberal Party (1922)
  Passage: The Liberal Party, also known as the Liberal Union or the Liberal Union Party, was a short-lived political party in Australia (mainly Victoria and South Australia) that operated mainly in 1922.  The party was formed by disaffected Nationalists, principally Thomas Ashworth and Charles Merrett, who opposed the leadership of Prime Minister Billy Hughes.  Two federal Nationalist MPs, Victorian William Watt and South Australian Richard Foster, joined the Liberal Party and three more MPs (John Latham from Victoria, and Malcolm Cameron and Jack Duncan-Hughes from South Australia) were elected in the 1922 federal election.  South Australian Nationalist Senators James Rowell and Edward Vardon also contested the election, unsuccessfully, as Liberals.  Their opposition to Hughes, coupled with the hostility of the Country Party towards a Hughes-led government, was a factor in Hughes' decision to retire and leave the Prime Ministership to Stanley Bruce.  After Hughes's retirement, all five Liberals rejoined the Nationalist Party, although they remained officially Liberals until 1925.
  Title: Okie
  Passage: An Okie is a resident, native, or cultural descendant of Oklahoma.  Like most terms that disparage specific groups, it was first applied by the dominant cultural group.  It is derived from the name of the state, similar to "Texan" or "Tex" for someone from Texas, or "Arkie" or "Arkansawyer" for a native of Arkansas.
  Title: Australian Labor Party split of 1916
  Passage: The Australian Labor Party split of 1916 occurred following severe disagreement within the Australian Labor Party over the issue of proposed World War I conscription in Australia.  Labor Prime Minister of Australia Billy Hughes had, by 1916, become an enthusiastic supporter of conscription as a means to boost Australia's contribution to the war effort.  On 30 August 1916, he announced plans for a referendum on the issue (the Australian plebiscite, 1916), and introduced enabling legislation into parliament on 14 September, which passed only with the support of the opposition.  Six of Hughes' ministers resigned in protest at the move, and the New South Wales state branch of the Labor Party expelled Hughes.  The referendum saw an intense campaign in which Labor figures vehemently advocated on each side of the argument, although the "no" campaign narrowly won on 14 November.  In the wake of the referendum defeat, the caucus moved to expel Hughes on 14 November; instead, he and 23 supporters resigned and formed the National Labor Party.  Frank Tudor was elected leader of the rump party.  Hughes was recommissioned as Prime Minister, heading a minority government supported by the opposition Commonwealth Liberal Party; the two parties then merged as the Nationalist Party of Australia and won the 1917 federal election.  The Nationalist Party served as the main conservative party of Australia until 1931, and the split resulted in many early Labor figures ending their careers on the political right.
  Title: N-slit interferometric equation
  Passage: Quantum mechanics was first applied to optics, and interference in particular, by Paul Dirac.  Feynman, in his lectures, uses Dirac's notation to describe thought experiments on double-slit interference of electrons. Feynman's approach was extended to N-slit interferometers for either single-photon illumination, or narrow-linewidth laser illumination, that is, illumination by indistinguishable photons, by Duarte.  The "N"-slit interferometer was first applied in the generation and measurement of complex interference patterns.
  Title: Wigwam
  Passage: A wigwam, wickiup or wetu is a domed dwelling formerly used by certain Native American and First Nations tribes, and still used for ceremonial purposes.  The term "wickiup" is generally used to label these kinds of dwellings in the Southwestern United States and Western United States, while "wigwam" is usually applied to these structures in the Northeastern United States and Canada. " Wetu" is the Wampanoag term for a wigwam dwelling.  These terms can refer to many distinct types of Native American structures regardless of location or cultural group.  The wigwam is not to be confused with the Native Plains tipi, which has a very different construction, structure, and use.
  Title: Billy Hughes (actor)
  Passage: Billy Hughes (November 28, 1948 – December 20, 2005) (Billy Eugene Hughes, Jr.) was an American actor best known for various television and film roles he played during the 1960s.  His Hollywood lineage included both his father (Bill Hughes) and uncle (Whitey Hughes), who were both stunt men.  While in Alma, Arkansas in 2005, he apparently died in his sleep.
  Title: Society
  Passage: A society is a group of people involved in persistent social interaction, or a large social group sharing the same geographical or social territory, typically subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations.  Societies are characterized by patterns of relationships (social relations) between individuals who share a distinctive culture and institutions; a given society may be described as the sum total of such relationships among its constituent of members.  In the social sciences, a larger society often evinces stratification or dominance patterns in subgroups.
citations: Billy Hughes (musician) Okie