question: What is the name of this American botanist and inventor born in the 1860s, whose birthplace was Diamond, Missouri?
answer: George Washington Carver
context: Title: Confederate Gulch and Diamond City
  Passage: Confederate Gulch is a steeply incised valley on the west facing slopes of the Big Belt Mountains in the U.S. state of Montana.  Its small stream drains westward into Canyon Ferry Lake, on the upper Missouri River Valley near present-day Townsend, Montana.  In 1864 Confederate soldiers on parole from the American Civil War made a minor gold discovery in the gulch, but in 1865 the discovery of the sensationally rich Montana Bar—one of the richest placer strikes per acre ever made—led to other rich gold strikes up and down the gulch, and touched off a frantic boom period of placer gold mining that extended through 1869.  From 1866 to 1869 the gulch equaled or outstripped all other Montana Territory mining camps in gold production, producing an estimated $19 to $30 million in gold—late 1860s money.  For a time, the gulch became the largest community in Montana—in 1866 Montana had a total population of 28,000, and of these, about 10,000 (35%) were working in Confederate Gulch.  The main community was Diamond City , and while gold production was at its height, Diamond City roared along both night and day.  During its heyday, Diamond City was the county seat of Montana's Meagher County, although today the area has become part of Broadwater County.  In their frantic efforts to get at more gold, the miners built ditches and flumes that extended for miles, and employed high pressure hydraulic mining methods which washed down whole hillsides and ate up the gulch floor.  The hydraulic mining process stripped the gulch and left huge spoil banks—hydraulic mining even consumed the site of Diamond City, which had to be moved to a new location.  Then the gold ran out, the boom was over and the population simply picked up and left.  In 1870 there were only 255 people left and a year later only about 60.  Today hardly a trace remains of Diamond City or the other gulch communities.  The gulch is quiet and empty, with only an occasional summer prospector, or a rare traveler using the unimproved road that still winds up the gulch from the Missouri Valley and crosses the top of the Big Belts on its way down to the Smith River Valley.  Diamond City, Confederate Gulch and the Montana Bar were spectacular examples of the flash-in-the pan Montana placer gold mining camps, but what a flash.
  Title: Katherine Davies Jones
  Passage: Katherine Davies Jones (1860-1943) was an American botanist known for her developments in California horticulture.
  Title: Effie A. Southworth
  Passage: Effie Almira Southworth Spalding (1860–1947), was an American botanist and mycologist, and the first woman plant pathologist hired by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).  Her most important discovery was the 1887 identification of the fungus "Colletotrichum gossypii" as the cause of cotton cankers, a disease which killed thousands of acres of cotton and was a major economic threat.  She taught botany at several institutions, worked at the Desert Botanical Laboratory with her husband, and established the Botany Department Herbarium at the University of Southern California.
  Title: Paul Boyton
  Passage: Paul Boyton (often misspelled Boynton) (born June 29, 1848 in Rathangan, County Kildare, Ireland — died Brooklyn, New York April 19, 1924), known as the "Fearless Frogman", was a showman and adventurer some credit as having spurred worldwide interest in water sports as a hobby, particularly open-water swimming.  Boyton, whose birthplace is variously listed as Dublin or Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, is best known for his water stunts that captivated the world, including crossing the English Channel in a novel rubber suit that functioned similarly to a kayak.
  Title: William Trelease
  Passage: William Trelease (February 22, 1857, Mount Vernon, New York – January 1, 1945) was an American botanist, entomologist, explorer, writer and educator.  This botanist is denoted by the author abbreviation Trel.  when citing a botanical name.
  Title: Guy N. Collins
  Passage: Guy N. Collins (August 19, 1872 – August 14, 1938) was an American botanist, plant explorer, and geneticist.  He studied in Liberia and Puerto Rico with Orator Fuller Cook, and later became Principal Botanist in the USDA Division of Cereal Crops and Diseases.  Collins was born in the hamlet of Mertensia, New York on August 19, 1872, and attended Syracuse University before dropping out to pursue botanical studies with Cook.  He was close friends with David Fairchild.  He died on August 14, 1938, from endocarditis, an infection of the heart.  His nephew Harold Loomis was also a botanist who worked with Cook.
  Title: Per Axel Rydberg
  Passage: Per Axel Rydberg (July 6, 1860 – July 25, 1931) was a Swedish-born, American botanist who was the first curator of the New York Botanical Garden Herbarium.
  Title: George Washington Carver
  Passage: George Washington Carver (1860s – January 5, 1943), was an American botanist and inventor.  The exact day and year of his birth are unknown; he was born into slavery in Missouri, either in 1861, or January 1864.
  Title: Diamond, Missouri
  Passage: Diamond is a city in Newton County, Missouri, United States near Joplin, Missouri.  The population was 902 at the 2010 census.  It is part of the Joplin, Missouri, Metropolitan Statistical Area.  Diamond is primarily renowned as the birthplace of George Washington Carver.
  Title: S. A. Beach
  Passage: Spencer Ambrose Beach (15 September 1860 – 1922), commonly known as S.A. Beach, was an American botanist.  Beach served the head of the horticulture department at the University of Iowa and was a founding member of the American Society for Horticultural Science.
citations: Diamond, Missouri George Washington Carver