question: What is the name of the founder of the famous chain of survey triangulations stretching from Hammerfest to the Black Sea?
answer: Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve
context: Title: Pontus (region)
  Passage: Pontus ( ; Greek: Πόντος, "Póntos" , "Sea") is a historical Greek designation for a region on the southern coast of the Black Sea, located in modern-day eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey.  The name was applied to the coastal region and its mountainous hinterland (rising to the Pontic Alps in the east) in antiquity by the Greeks who colonized the area and derived from the Greek name of the Black Sea: Πόντος Εὔξεινος "Pontos Euxeinos" ("Hospitable Sea"), or simply "Pontos".  Having originally no specific name, the region east of the river Halys was spoken of as the country Ἐν Πόντῳ "En Pontōi", "on the [Euxeinos] Pontos", and hence it acquired the name of Pontus, which is first found in Xenophon's "Anabasis".  The extent of the region varied through the ages but generally extended from the borders of Colchis (modern western Georgia) until well into Paphlagonia in the west, with varying amounts of hinterland.  Several states and provinces bearing the name of Pontus or variants thereof were established in the region in the Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine periods, culminating in the late Byzantine Empire of Trebizond.  Pontus is sometimes considered as the home of the Amazons, with the name Amazon used not only for a city (Amasya) but for all of Pontus in Greek mythology.
  Title: Uttar Pradesh Heritage Arc
  Passage: The Uttar Pradesh Heritage Arc is a chain of survey triangulations stretching from Agra to Lucknow and Varanasi in India, covering an area of approximately 700 km.
  Title: Black Sea tadpole-goby
  Passage: The Black Sea tadpole-goby ("Benthophilus nudus") is a species of goby native to the basin of the Black Sea.  Found in the Gulf of Tendra and limans of the north-western Black Sea, lakes of the Danube Delta.  In the rivers of the Black Sea basin: Danube up to Iron Gate dam, Dniester up to Tighina, Dnieper up to Kiev, Southern Bug.  This species is mostly a denizen of fresh and slightly brackish bodies of water, preferring rivers and deltas, limans and coastal lakes.  This fish can reach a length of 15 cm TL.
  Title: Ostrogoths
  Passage: The Ostrogoths (Latin: "Ostrogothi" or "Austrogothi" ; Italian: "Ostrogoti" ) were the eastern branch of the later Goths (the other major branch being the Visigoths).  The Ostrogoths traced their origins to the Greutungi – a branch of the Goths who had migrated southward from the Baltic Sea and established a kingdom north of the Black Sea, during the 3rd and 4th centuries.  They built an empire stretching from the Black Sea to the Baltic.  The Ostrogoths were probably literate in the 3rd century, and their trade with the Romans was highly developed.  Their Danubian kingdom reached its zenith under King Ermanaric, who is said to have committed suicide at an old age when the Huns attacked his people and subjugated them in about 370.
  Title: Struve Geodetic Arc
  Passage: The Struve Geodetic Arc is a chain of survey triangulations stretching from Hammerfest in Norway to the Black Sea, through ten countries and over 2,820 km, which yielded the first accurate measurement of a meridian.
  Title: Bulgarian Black Sea Coast
  Passage: The Bulgarian Black Sea Coast (Bulgarian: Черноморие , "Chеrnomoriе") covers the entire eastern bound of Bulgaria stretching from the Romanian Black Sea resorts in the north to European Turkey in the south, along 378 km of coastline.  White and golden sandy beaches occupy approximately 130 km of the 378 km long coast.  The region is an important center of tourism during the summer season (May–October), drawing millions of foreign and local tourists alike and constituting one of the country's most popular tourist destinations.  Prior to 1989 the Bulgarian Black Sea coast was internationally known as the "Red Riviera".  Since the fall of the Iron Curtain, however, its nickname has been changed to the "Bulgarian Riviera".
  Title: Kinburn Spit
  Passage: Kínburn Foreland or Kinburn Spit – a spit in Ochakiv Raion (district) of Mykolaiv Oblast at the Black Sea in Ukraine.  It occupies the western part of the Kinburn Peninsula, being its natural extension stretching west into the Black Sea between the Dnieper-Buh estuary and the Bay of Yahorlyk.  Its length is about 40 km, width – 8–10 km.  In southern Ukraine, the Kinburn Foreland is often mistaken for being the entirety of the Kinburn Peninsula, of which it appears to be a part.
  Title: Ancient Black Sea shipwrecks
  Passage: Ancient Black Sea shipwrecks is the study of shipwrecks found in the Black Sea which date to Antiquity.  In 1976, Willard Bascom suggested that the deep, anoxic waters of the Black Sea might have preserved ships from antiquity because typical wood-devouring organisms could not survive there.  At a depth of 150m, the Black Sea contains insufficient oxygen to support most familiar biological life forms.
  Title: Tartu Observatory
  Passage: The Tartu Observatory (Estonian: "Tartu Observatoorium" ) is the largest astronomical observatory in Estonia.  It is located on the Tõravere hill, about 20 km south-west of Tartu in Nõo Parish, Tartu County.  The old Tartu Observatory located in Tartu city centre, is known internationally for its connection to Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve and the Struve Geodetic Arc, of which it is the first reference point.
  Title: Sea of Azov
  Passage: The Sea of Azov (Russian: Азо́вское мо́ре, "Azovskoye more" ; Ukrainian: Азо́вське мо́ре , "Azovs'ke more/Azovśke more"; Crimean Tatar: Azaq deñizi, "Азакъ денъизи", ازاق دﻩﯕىزى ) is a sea in Eastern Europe.  To the south it is linked by the narrow (about 4 km ) Strait of Kerch to the Black Sea, and it is sometimes regarded as a northern extension of the Black Sea.  The sea is bounded in the north by mainland Ukraine, in the east by Russia, and in the west by the Crimean Peninsula.  The Don and Kuban are the major rivers that flow into it.  The Sea of Azov is the shallowest sea in the world, with the depth varying between 0.9 and .  There is a constant outflow of water from the Sea of Azov to the Black Sea.
citations: Tartu Observatory Struve Geodetic Arc