What year was the Irish politican, who Dr. Diarmuid Whelan wrote his doctoral thesis about, born?
1917
Title: Teissier affair
Passage: The Teissier affair was a controversy that occurred in France in 2001.  French astrologer Élizabeth Teissier was awarded a Doctorate in Sociology by Paris Descartes University for a doctoral thesis in which she argued that astrology was being oppressed by science.  Her work was contested by the scientific community within the context of the science wars, and compared to the Sokal hoax.  Criticisms included the alleged failure to work within the field of sociology and also lacking the necessary scientific rigour for a doctoral thesis in any scientific field.  The university and jury who awarded the degree were harshly criticised, though both they and Teissier had supporters and defenders.
Title: Mikołaj Kruszewski
Passage: Mikołaj Habdank Kruszewski, (Russianized, "Nikolay Vyacheslavovich Krushevsky", Никола́й Вячесла́вович Круше́вский) (December 18, 1851, Lutsk – November 12, 1887, Kazan) was a Polish linguist, most significant as the co-inventor of the concept of phonemes, and relative of Anya Lucia Kruszewski.  From 1883, he was a professor at Kazan University.  His notable works include "On Sound Alternation" (1881) and "Outline of Linguistic Science" (1883).  The former is actually the introduction to his master's thesis on morphophonemic alternation in Old Slavic (the section focusing on the theoretical background for the empirical work in the body of the thesis) and the latter is his doctoral thesis.
Title: Anna Pujol Puigvehi
Passage: Anna Pujol Puigvehí (born in Figueres, Catalonia, Spain, on August 16, 1947).  Historian, professor and archaeologist.  Bachelor of Arts from the University of Barcelona (1970), with the thesis “The Indiketes as the literary and archaeological sources”, Dr. summa cum laude in History from the Autonomous University of Barcelona with the doctoral thesis on the “Pre-Roman Population of the Northeast of the Iberian Peninsula.  Genesis and development of Iberian culture in the Girona and south of France lands” (1981).  She has taught at the Autonomous University of Barcelona for over 15 years, and has been Associate professor of Archaeology and Ancient History of the UOC (Open University of Catalonia).  She won a Chair of Professor of History of Secondary Schools in 1981.
Title: Mauricio De la Maza-Benignos
Passage: Mauricio de la Maza-Benignos (July 27, 1970 –) is a Mexican Conservationist, Naturalist and Zoologist.  He is also a member of Mexico's National System of Researchers.  In addition to his work in ichthyology, he is an agronomist and zootechnician, a jurist, an administrator, and an editor.  He earned his bachelor's degree at the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education, a Master of Business Administration at The University of Lancaster, a Ph.D. summa cum laude, at the Autonomous University of Nuevo León, and studied Law, under a merit scholarship at the TecMilenio University.  In 1994 he obtained the “Best students of Mexico Award” by the “National Permanent Committee for the Best Students of Mexico”, and in 2014 he was awarded first place in the “Dr. José Álvarez Del Villar” prize for his doctoral thesis, by the Mexican Ichthyology Society.  He developed his doctoral thesis under the direction of Professor and Ichthyologist Ma.  de Lourdes Lozano-Vilano, with whom he continues to do research.  He also collaborates with geneticist and ichthyologist Dr. Evan W. Carson at UNM, mainly in the area of conservation genetics.  In 2015 he was awarded the UANL Research Prize to the best scholar paper in the Natural Sciences during 2014.  From 2006―2011, he served as Director for the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), Chihuahuan Desert Program; and from 2011― as Conservation Science Director and Chief Executive Officer for Mexican NGO, Pronatura Noreste.
Title: Conor Cruise O'Brien
Passage: Conor Cruise O'Brien (3 November 1917 – 18 December 2008) often nicknamed "The Cruiser", was an Irish politician, writer, historian and academic.  His opinion on the role of Britain in Ireland and in Northern Ireland changed during the 1970s, in response to the outbreak of The Troubles.  He saw opposing nationalist and unionist traditions as irreconcilable and switched from a nationalist to a unionist view of Irish politics and history.  O'Brien's outlook was always radical and the positions he took were seldom orthodox.  He summarised his position as intending "to administer an electric shock to the Irish psyche".
Title: Diarmuid Whelan
Passage: Dr. Diarmuid Whelan (11 August 1971 – 1 June 2010) was an Irish academic in the history department of UCC.  Born in Cork, he studied at Christian Brothers College, Cork and UCC.  He wrote his doctoral thesis on Conor Cruise O'Brien.
Title: Željko Fajfrić
Passage: Željko Fajfrić (; born February 24, 1957) is a Serbian professor in law and author on history.  A lawyer by profession, he has two doctoral thesis on law, and works in his town of birth.  Fajfrić was born in 1957 in Šid, Yugoslavia (now Serbia), where he finished primary school and gymnasium.  He graduated from the Faculty of Law in Novi Sad in 1979.  He has a magister's degree in Law from the University of Novi Sad.  In 1994 he finished a doctoral thesis in the Faculty of Law in Kragujevac.  He is the deputy of the President of the Assembly of Šid, Branislav Mauković.
Title: Leif Stenberg
Passage: Leif Stenberg (Ph.D) is the former director of the Center for Middle Eastern Studies at Lund University.  Leif Stenberg received his B.A degree from Lund University in 1987 and wrote his doctoral thesis on the Islamization of science, supervised by Jan Hjärpe, in 1996.  Stenberg's work has been influenced by both Jan Hjärpe and Michel Foucault, which is apparent in his doctoral thesis, where Foucauldian concepts and definitions are used.  His interests also include contemporary sufism, which he has been actively researching since the mid-1990s.
Title: Pál Schmitt academic misconduct controversy
Passage: The Pál Schmitt academic misconduct scandal refers to allegations of plagiarism concerning the 1992 doctoral thesis and the circumstances of the doctoral defence of the President of Hungary Pál Schmitt, which led to Schmitt's resignation from his presidential post.  The scandal broke in January 2012, when Hungarian news organizations published a number of articles claiming that about 197 pages of Schmitt's 215-page thesis had been lifted from works by other, foreign scholars, without giving appropriate credit.
Title: Eva Schönbeck-Temesy
Passage: Univ.  Prof. Dr. Eva Schönbeck-Temesy (August 16, 1930 – August 27, 2011) was an eminent, Austrian botanist of Hungarian descent who made notable contributions to Karl Heinz Rechinger's magisterial Flora Iranica.  The fourth daughter of General Stefan Temesy and Ludovika Temesy née Messek, she was born in Győr, the most important city in northwestern Hungary.  She attended elementary school and afterwards (1940–44) "Szent Margit Leánygimnázium" (St. Margaret's School for Girls) in Székesfehérvár in central Hungary.  In the turmoil of the invasion of Hungary by the Red Army, the Temesy family left the country and settled in the Styrian capital Graz in eastern Austria, where the young Eva resumed her secondary education at BRG II for Girls in 1946 - from which she graduated with distinction in 1949.  In the same year, she enrolled at the University of Graz to study botany.  Her doctoral thesis, entitled "The Polytypic Species "Saxifraga stellaris" Linné" , which she wrote under the guidance of Professor Felix Joseph Widder, earned her in 1954 the degree of Ph.D. "Sub auspiciis Praesidentis" - the highest honour which may be bestowed by the Austrian University system.  On July 9, 1956 she married the zoologist Horst Schönbeck (1929–2009) by whom she had three children: Susanne (1957-), Stefan (1959-) and Pippa (1961-).  Up until 1964, the young Schönbeck-Temesy family lived in the municipality of Judendorf-Straßengel, in the district of Graz-Umgebung.  There then followed a work-related move to Vienna.  From January 1 1965 to December 1 1970 Eva worked on a research fellowship and then up until March 30 1973 on an "Arbeitsauftrag" in the botany department of the Natural History Museum, Vienna under the Directorship of Professor Karl Heinz Rechinger.  On March 1 1974 she became Keeper of the museum's Herbarium - a post in which she remained until her retirement in April 1993.  Dr. Schönbeck-Temesy benefitted greatly, during her academic career, from her polyglotism : in addition to her mother tongues of Hungarian and German she was also fluent in English, French, Italian, and Russian.  A true "Grande Dame" of the world of botany, she is commemorated in the name of the rubiaceous plant "Galium schoenbeck-temesyae" Ehrend.
Diarmuid Whelan Conor Cruise O'Brien