Edward Scobie is best known for research he did in which african immagrants in Europe are born from where?
born in Africa or are of African descent
Title: Frieda Ekotto
Passage: Frieda Ekotto is a Francophone African woman novelist and literary critic.  She is Professor of AfroAmerican and African Studies and Comparative Literature at the University of Michigan and is currently the Hunting Family Fellow at the Institute for the Humanities.  She is best known for her novels, which focus on gender and sexuality in Sub-Saharan Africa, and her work on the writer Jean Genet, particular her political analysis of his prison writing, and his impact as a race theorist in the Francophone world.  Her research and teaching focuses on literature, film, race and law in the Francophone world, spanning France, Africa, the Caribbean and the Maghreb.
Title: Alain Mabanckou
Passage: Alain Mabanckou (born 24 February 1966) is a novelist, journalist, poet, and academic, a French citizen born in the Republic of the Congo, he is currently a Professor of Literature at UCLA.  He is best known for his novels and non-fiction writing depicting the experience of contemporary Africa and the African diaspora in France.  He is among the best known and most successful writers in the French language and one of the best known African writers in France.  In some circles in Paris he is known as the Samuel Beckett of Africa.  He is also controversial, and criticized by some African and diaspora writers for stating Africans bear responsibility for their own misfortune.
Title: Philip Freelon
Passage: Philip Freelon (born March 26, 1952), a native of Philadelphia, United States is an African American architect.  He is best known as leading the design team (with J. Max Bond, Jr. of Davis Brody Bond and with David Adjaye) of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture.  Some of his other projects include the Center for Civil & Human Rights, the Reginald F. Lewis Museum of Maryland African American History & Culture and the Museum of the African Diaspora.  Freelon is a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (and the recipient of their Thomas Jefferson Award for Public Architecture), and a LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) Accredited Professional.  In 2012, President Barack Obama appointed Freelon to the U.S. Commission of Fine Arts.  Freelon is married to six-time Grammy nominated jazz vocalist, Nnenna Freelon.
Title: Temi Dollface
Passage: Temi DollFace (born August 2) is a Nigerian electro-pop-soul singer, who grew up in England.  Her music is described as "a brand of music that is jazzy, energetic and theatrical".  She is best known for her 2013 single "Pata Pata", which received four AFRIMA nominations at the All Africa Music Awards for "Best Video", "Revelation Of The African Continent", "Best African Pop Song" and "Most Promising African Artiste On The Continent".  In 2016 TemiDollFace released the single "Beep Beep", ahead of an album release.
Title: African immigration to Europe
Passage: African immigrants in Europe are either born in Africa or are of African descent but live in Europe.  Although immigration from Africa to Europe has increased substantially in recent decades, it is not a recent phenomenon.
Title: Edward Scobie
Passage: Dr. Edward Vivian Scobie (1918 – 14 November 1996) was a Dominican-born journalist, magazine publisher and historian.  He is best known for his research into the black history of Western Europe and his 1972 seminal book "Black Britannia: A History of Blacks in Britain".
Title: William Arnett
Passage: William S. Arnett (born May 10, 1939) is an Atlanta-based writer, editor, curator and art collector who has built internationally important collections of African, Asian, and African American art.  Arnett is the founder and chairman emeritus of the Souls Grown Deep Foundation, an organization dedicated to the preservation and documentation of African American art from the Deep South that works in coordination with leading museums and scholars to produce groundbreaking exhibitions and publications using its extensive holdings.  His efforts have produced 13 books with nearly 100 essays by 73 authors.  38 museums have hosted major exhibitions, and comprehensive archives are maintained at UNC Chapel Hill.  The White House has shown the collection.  Arnett has exhibited works from these collections and delivered lectures at over 100 museums and educational institutions in the United States and abroad.  He is perhaps best known for writing about and collecting the work of African American artists from the Deep South.  Arnett was named one of the "100 Most Influential Georgians" by Georgia Trend Magazine in January 2015.
Title: David Lewis-Williams
Passage: James David Lewis-Williams (born in 1934 in Cape Town) is a South African archaeologist.  He is best known for his research on southern African San (Bushmen) rock art, of which it can be said that he found a 'Rosetta Stone'.  He is the founder and previous director of the Rock Art Research Institute and is currently professor emeritus of cognitive archaeology at the University of the Witwatersrand (WITS).  Lewis-Williams is recognised by the National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa as a leading international researcher, with an A1 rating.
Title: Michael Mortimore
Passage: Michael Mortimore (born 7 September 1937, Bermuda, died 10 September 2017 ) was a British geographer and a prolific researcher of issues in the African drylands.  He was an academic in Nigerian universities for over 25 years.  He ran a British research consultancy, Drylands Research.  He is best known for an anti-Malthusian account of population-environment relationships, "More People, Less Erosion", and field-based studies of adaptation to drought.
Title: James Herman Robinson
Passage: James Herman Robinson (January 24, 1907 – November 6, 1972) was an African American clergyman and humanitarian, best known as the founder of Operation Crossroads Africa (OCA), a cross-cultural exchange program considered a forerunner of the Peace Corps.  Robinson served on the Corps' first National Advisory Council, and advised the U.S. State Department on African affairs.  He also organized Harlem's Morningside Community Center, cofounded the African Academy of Arts and Research, and advocated independence for African nations.
African immigration to Europe Edward Scobie