William John Macquorn Rankine, was a Scottish mechanical engineer who also contributed to civil engineering, physics and mathematics, who was a founding contributor to the science of thermodynamics, which German physicist and mathematician is this?
Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius
Title: Rudolf Clausius
Passage: Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius (2 January 1822 – 24 August 1888) was a German physicist and mathematician and is considered one of the central founders of the science of thermodynamics.  By his restatement of Sadi Carnot's principle known as the Carnot cycle, he gave the theory of heat a truer and sounder basis.  His most important paper, "On the Moving Force of Heat", published in 1850, first stated the basic ideas of the second law of thermodynamics.  In 1865 he introduced the concept of entropy.  In 1870 he introduced the virial theorem which applied to heat.
Title: Tom Walshaw
Passage: Tom D. Walshaw (1912–1998) was an engineer, author and contributor to the British magazine "Model Engineer".  Many of his magazine contributions and books were authored under the pseudonym Tubal Cain.  The pseudonym relates to the Tubal-cain, the biblical metal worker.  As Tubal Cain he made over 424 contributions to "Model Engineer", beginning in 1971.  These were mainly divided between workshop equipment articles and model stationary engine constructional articles.  He graduated in mechanical engineering at Loughborough University in 1934, and eventually, after a career in mechanical design, went back to that university in 1943, becoming, after some years, senior lecturer in mechanical engineering.  He went on in 1948 to teach at University of Liverpool.  In 1952 he was appointed Head of Department of Mechanical, Civil and Electrical Engineering at Darlington College of Technology.  His final academic post was Head of Mechanical, Production and Civil Engineering at Lancashire Polytechnic.  He gained the first of his many model engineering exhibition awards in 1949.  At one point he was editor of the "Transactions of the Newcomen Society".  Walshaw died on 2 May 1998.
Title: William John Macquorn Rankine
Passage: William John Macquorn Rankine, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': 'FRSE FRS', '4': "} ( ; 5 July 1820 – 24 December 1872) was a Scottish mechanical engineer who also contributed to civil engineering, physics and mathematics.  He was a founding contributor, with Rudolf Clausius and William Thomson (Lord Kelvin), to the science of thermodynamics, particularly focusing on the first of the three thermodynamic laws.
William John Macquorn Rankine Rudolf Clausius