Which astronaut went up in space first, Samantha Cristoforetti or Mirosław Hermaszewski?
Mirosław Hermaszewski
Title: ISSpresso
Passage: ISSpresso is the first espresso coffee machine designed for use in space, produced for the International Space Station by Argotec and Lavazza in a public-private partnership with the Italian Space Agency (ASI).  The first espresso coffee was drunk in space by astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti on 3 May 2015.  ISSpresso is one of nine experiments selected by the Italian Space Agency for the Futura mission.
Title: Patricia S. Cowings
Passage: Patricia S. Cowings (born 1948) is an aerospace psychophysiologist, and was the first African American woman scientist to be trained as an astronaut by NASA (though Sally Ride was the first American woman to fly in space).  Although she was an alternate for a space flight in 1979 she did not travel to space.  She is most well known for her studies in the physiology of astronauts in outer space, as well as helping find cures for astronaut's motion sickness.  Patricia found her love for science at a young age.  Psychology and later psychophysiology showed her how to enhance human potential.  'What better field is there than to study the animal who created all the other fields?  Humans!'  This love was further helped by her psychologist aunt, whom she considered a deep inspiration because she had earned a PhD.  Taking an engineering class in grad school where she took part in designing a space shuttle helped launch her desire to work in the field of space technology.
Title: Tonnetz
Passage: In musical tuning and harmony, the Tonnetz (German: "tone-network" ) is a conceptual lattice diagram representing tonal space first described by Leonhard Euler in 1739.  Various visual representations of the "Tonnetz" can be used to show traditional harmonic relationships in European classical music.
Title: Alan Bean
Passage: Alan LaVern Bean (born March 15, 1932), (CAPT, USN, Ret.) , is an American former naval officer and Naval Aviator, aeronautical engineer, test pilot, and NASA astronaut; he was the fourth person to walk on the Moon.  He was selected to become an astronaut by NASA in 1963 as part of Astronaut Group 3.  He made his first flight into space aboard Apollo 12, the second manned mission to land on the Moon, at the age of thirty-seven years in November 1969.  He made his second and final flight into space on the Skylab 3 mission in 1973, the second manned mission to the Skylab space station.  After retiring from the United States Navy in 1975 and NASA in 1981, he pursued his interest in painting, depicting various space-related scenes and documenting his own experiences in space as well as that of his fellow Apollo program astronauts.
Title: Mirosław Hermaszewski
Passage: Mirosław Hermaszewski (born September 15, 1941) is a retired Polish Air Force officer and cosmonaut.  He became the first (and to this day remains the only) Polish national in space, when he flew aboard the Soviet Soyuz 30 spacecraft in 1978.
Title: OSA-UCS
Passage: In colorimetry the OSA-UCS (Optical Society of America Uniform Color Space) is a color space first published in 1947 and developed by the Optical Society of America’s Committee on Uniform Color Scales.  Previously created color order systems, such as the Munsell color system, failed to represent perceptual uniformity in all directions.  The committee decided that, in order to accurately represent uniform color differences in each direction, a new shape of three dimensional cartesian geometry would need to be used.
Title: Samantha Cristoforetti
Passage: Samantha Cristoforetti (] ; born 26 April 1977 in Milan) is an Italian European Space Agency astronaut, Italian Air Force pilot and engineer.  She holds the record for the longest uninterrupted spaceflight of a European astronaut (199 days, 16 hours), and until June 2017 held the record for the longest single space flight by a woman until this was broken by Peggy Whitson.  She is also the first Italian woman in space.  Samantha Cristoforetti is also known as the first person who brewed an espresso coffee in space.
Title: Frank De Winne
Passage: Frank, Viscount De Winne (born 25 April 1961, in Ledeberg, Belgium) is a Belgian Air Component officer and an ESA astronaut.  He is Belgium's second person in space (after Dirk Frimout).  He was the first ESA astronaut to command a space mission when he served as commander of ISS Expedition 21.  ESA astronaut de Winne serves currently as Head of the European Astronaut Centre of the European Space Agency in Cologne/Germany (Köln).
Title: Joseph M. Acaba
Passage: Joseph Michael "Joe" Acaba (born May 17, 1967) is an educator, hydrogeologist, and NASA astronaut.  In May 2004 he became the first person of Puerto Rican heritage to be named as a NASA astronaut candidate, when he was selected as a member of NASA Astronaut Training Group 19.  He completed his training on February 10, 2006 and was assigned to STS-119, which flew from March 15 to March 28, 2009 to deliver the final set of solar arrays to the International Space Station.  Acaba served as a Flight Engineer aboard the International Space Station, having launched on May 15, 2012.  He arrived at the space station on May 17 and returned to Earth on September 17, 2012 at 6:53am Moscow Standard Time when touchdown was officially recorded by the Russian Federal Space Agency.  Acaba returned to the International Space Station in 2017 as a member of Expedition 53/54.
Title: Claude Nicollier
Passage: Claude Nicollier (born 2 September 1944 in Vevey, Switzerland) is the first astronaut from Switzerland.  He has flown on four Space Shuttle missions.  His first spaceflight (STS-46) was in 1992, and his final spaceflight (STS-103) was in 1999.  He took part in two servicing missions to the Hubble Space Telescope (called STS-61 and STS-103).  During his final spaceflight he participated in a spacewalk, becoming the first European Space Agency astronaut to do so during a Space Shuttle mission (previous ESA astronauts conducted spacewalks aboard "Mir", see List of spacewalks and moonwalks 1965–1999).  In 2000 he was assigned to the Astronaut Office Extravehicular Activity Branch, while maintaining a position as Lead ESA Astronaut in Houston.  Nicollier retired from ESA in April 2007.
Samantha Cristoforetti Mirosław Hermaszewski