query: The Los Angeles Lakers defeated the Celtics in the Finals championship.

document: The Los Angeles Lakers are an American professional basketball team based in Los Angeles . The Lakers compete in the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- , as a member of the league 's Western Conference Pacific Division . The Lakers play their home games at Staples Center , an arena shared with the NBA 's Los Angeles Clippers , the Los Angeles Sparks of the Women 's National Basketball Association , and the Los Angeles Kings of the National Hockey League . The Lakers are one of the most successful teams in the history of the NBA , and have won 16 NBA championships , their last being in 2010 . As of 2015 , the Lakers are the second most valuable franchise in the NBA according to Forbes , having an estimated value of $ 2.7 billion .   The franchise began with the 1947 purchase of a disbanded team , the Detroit Gems of the National Basketball League -LRB- NBL -RRB- . The new team began playing in Minneapolis , calling themselves the Minneapolis Lakers in honor of the state 's nickname , `` Land of 10,000 Lakes '' . Initially a member of the NBL , the Lakers won the 1948 NBL championship before joining the rival Basketball Association of America and winning five of the next six BAA and NBA championships in Minneapolis after the NBA formed in 1949 . The team was propelled by center George Mikan , who is described by the NBA 's official website as the league 's `` first superstar '' . After struggling financially in the late 1950s following Mikan 's retirement , they relocated to Los Angeles before the 1960 -- 61 season .   Led by Hall of Famers Elgin Baylor and Jerry West , Los Angeles made the NBA Finals six times in the 1960s , but lost each series to the Boston Celtics , beginning their long and storied rivalry . In 1968 , the Lakers acquired four-time NBA Most Valuable Player -LRB- MVP -RRB- Wilt Chamberlain to play center , and after losing in the Finals in 1969 and 1970 , they won their sixth NBA title -- and first in Los Angeles -- in 1972 , led by new head coach Bill Sharman . After the retirement of West and Chamberlain , the team acquired another center , Kareem Abdul-Jabbar , who had won multiple MVP awards , but was unable to make the Finals in the late 1970s . The 1980s Lakers were nicknamed `` Showtime '' due to their Magic Johnson-led fast break-offense , and won five championships in a 9-year span , including their first ever Finals championship against the Celtics in 1985 . This team featured Hall of Famers in Johnson , Abdul-Jabbar , and James Worthy , and a Hall of Fame coach , Pat Riley . After Abdul-Jabbar and Johnson 's retirement , the team struggled in the early 1990s before acquiring Shaquille O'Neal and Kobe Bryant in 1996 . Led by O'Neal , Bryant , and another Hall of Fame coach , Phil Jackson , Los Angeles won three consecutive titles between 2000 to 2002 , securing the franchise its second `` three-peat '' . After losing both the 2004 and 2008 NBA Finals , the Lakers won two more championships by defeating the Orlando Magic in 2009 and Boston in 2010 .   The Lakers hold the record for NBA 's longest winning streak , 33 straight games , set during the 1971 -- 72 season . 21 Hall of Famers have played for Los Angeles , while four have coached the team . Four Lakers -- Abdul-Jabbar , Johnson , O'Neal , and Bryant -- have won the NBA MVP Award for a total of eight awards .


query: Derrick Rose was raised in the Chicago area.

document: Derrick Martell Rose -LRB- born October 4 , 1988 -RRB- is an American professional basketball player for the New York Knicks of the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- . He played one year of college basketball for the Memphis Tigers before being drafted first overall by his hometown Chicago Bulls in the 2008 NBA draft . After being named the NBA Rookie of the Year , Rose , at age 22 , became the youngest player to win the NBA Most Valuable Player Award in 2011 .   Rose was born and raised in the Chicago area , and attended Simeon Career Academy . He was highly recruited by NCAA scouts and coaches , eventually choosing to join the University of Memphis under Coach John Calipari . Rose led the Memphis Tigers to the most wins in NCAA history -LRB- a 38-2 record -RRB- , their first number one ranking in 25 years , and an appearance in the NCAA Championship game . In 2009 , an NCAA investigation revealed that Rose 's SAT scores had been invalidated , and as a result , the NCAA vacated Memphis ' entire 2007 -- 08 season .   Rose has struggled with significant knee injuries since his 2010 -- 11 MVP campaign . In the first round of the 2012 NBA Playoffs against the Philadelphia 76ers , Rose tore his ACL in his left knee . Rose required surgery and was subsequently sidelined for the entire 2012 -- 13 season . Rose returned to play in 2013 -- 14 . However , on November 22 , 2013 , during a regular season game against the Portland Trail Blazers , Rose injured his right meniscus which caused him to miss the remainder of the season . Rose returned once again the following season , but knee injuries continued to riddle him , causing him to miss 30 games . In June 2016 , he was traded to the New York Knicks .


query: The Singing Detective eventually aired in the United States.

document: The Singing Detective is a BBC television serial drama , written by Dennis Potter , which stars Michael Gambon and was directed by Jon Amiel . The six episodes were `` Skin '' , `` Heat '' , `` Lovely Days '' , `` Clues '' , `` Pitter Patter '' and `` Who Done It '' .   The serial was broadcast in the United Kingdom on BBC1 in 1986 on Sunday nights from 16 November to 21 December with later PBS and cable television showings in the United States . It won a Peabody Award in 1989 . It ranks 20th on the British Film Institute 's list of the 100 Greatest British Television Programmes , as voted by industry professionals in 2000 . It was included in the 1992 Dennis Potter retrospective at the Museum of Television & Radio and became a permanent addition to the Museum 's collections in New York and Los Angeles . There was co-production funding from the Australian Broadcasting Corporation . It was released on DVD in the US on 15 April 2003 and in the UK on 8 March 2004 .


query: The Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn was focused on the study of the occult.

document: Astral projection -LRB- or astral travel -RRB- is a term used in esotericism to describe a willful out-of-body experience -LRB- OBE -RRB- , a supposed form of telepathy , that assumes the existence of a soul or consciousness called an `` astral body '' that is separate from the physical body and capable of travelling outside of it throughout the universe .   The idea of astral travel is rooted in esotericism and occultism , and was promoted by 19th century Theosophists -- philosophers who explored the mystical and preternatural origins of the natural world . It is sometimes reported in association with dreams , and forms of meditation . Some individuals have reported perceptions similar to descriptions of astral projection that were induced through various hallucinogenic and hypnotic means -LRB- including self-hypnosis -RRB- . There is no scientific evidence that there is a consciousness or soul which is separate from normal neural activity or that one can consciously leave the body and make observations . Claims of scientific evidence of astral projection are pseudoscientific .


query: Candice Bergen is in Boston Legal.

document: Boston Legal is an American legal dramedy created by David E. Kelley and produced in association with 20th Century Fox Television for ABC . The series aired from October 3 , 2004 , to December 8 , 2008 . The series , starring James Spader , with Candice Bergen , and William Shatner , is a spin-off of the long-running Kelley series The Practice , following the exploits of former Practice character Alan Shore at the legal firm of Crane , Poole & Schmidt .


query: Joy (entertainer) is a member of a South Korean girl group.

document: Park Soo-young -LRB- born September 3 , 1996 -RRB- , known by the stage name Joy , is a South Korean singer and actress . She is a member of the K-pop girl group Red Velvet .


query: Kangana Ranaut moved from somewhere else to Delhi at the age of sixteen.

document: Kangana Ranaut -LRB- -LSB- kəŋɡənaː raːɳoːʈʰ -RSB- ; born 23 March 1986 -RRB- is an Indian film actress . She has established a career in Bollywood and is one of the highest-paid actresses in India . Ranaut is particularly known in the media for expressing her honest opinions in public and is frequently credited as one of the most fashionable Indian celebrities . She is the recipient of several awards , including three National Film Awards and Filmfare Awards in four categories .   Born in Bhambla , a small town in Himachal Pradesh , Ranaut initially aspired to become a doctor at the insistence of her parents . Determined to build her own career path , she relocated to Delhi at age sixteen , where she briefly became a model . After training under the theatre director Arvind Gaur , Ranaut made her feature film debut in the 2006 thriller Gangster , for which she was awarded the Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut . She received praise for portraying emotionally intense characters in the dramas Woh Lamhe -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Life in a. . . Metro -LRB- 2007 -RRB- and Fashion -LRB- 2008 -RRB- . For the last of these , she won the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress and a Filmfare Award in the same category .   Ranaut featured in the commercially successful films Raaz : The Mystery Continues -LRB- 2009 -RRB- and Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , though she was criticised for being typecast in neurotic roles . A comic role opposite R. Madhavan in the 2011 box office hit Tanu Weds Manu was well-received , though this was followed by a series of brief , glamorous roles in films that failed to propel her career forward . She then played a mutant opposite Hrithik Roshan in the science fiction film Krrish 3 -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , one of the highest-grossing Bollywood films , and won the Filmfare and National Film Award for Best Actress for her performance in the comedy-drama Queen -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . In 2015 , Ranaut portrayed a dual role in Tanu Weds Manu Returns , the most successful Bollywood film featuring a female protagonist , for which she won a Filmfare Critics Award and a second consecutive National Film Award for Best Actress .


query: Take a Bow was released by an entertainment company.

document: `` Take a Bow '' is a song by American singer Madonna from her sixth studio album Bedtime Stories -LRB- 1994 -RRB- . It was released as the album 's second single on November 29 , 1994 , by Maverick Records . It is a midtempo pop ballad written and produced by Madonna and Babyface . The song also appears on her compilation albums Something to Remember -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , GHV2 -LRB- 2001 -RRB- and Celebration -LRB- 2009 -RRB- . Following the sexually explicit persona portrayed by Madonna on her previous album , Erotica , the singer wanted to tone down her image for Bedtime Stories . She started collaborating with Babyface , whose work with other musicians had impressed her . `` Take a Bow '' was developed from this collaboration , after Madonna listened to the beat and the chords of the demo structure of the song .   Recorded at The Hit Factory Studios in New York , `` Take a Bow '' was backed by a full orchestra . It was also the first time that Babyface had worked with live strings , per Madonna 's suggestion . Containing oriental pentatonic strings , giving the impression of Chinese or Japanese opera , `` Take a Bow '' lyrically talks about unrequited love , and Madonna saying goodbye . It received favorable reviews from music critics , who praised the song 's soulful , poetic lyrics . It was a commercial success in the United States , becoming Madonna 's eleventh number-one single on the Billboard Hot 100 , topping the chart for seven weeks . It also reached number one in Canada , and the top ten in Italy , Switzerland and New Zealand . The single had moderate success in the United Kingdom , reaching number 16 on the UK Singles Chart , ending Madonna 's record-holding string of 35 consecutive top-ten hits there .   The music video for `` Take a Bow '' was directed by Michael Haussman , and was filmed in Ronda , Spain . The video depicts Madonna as a bullfighter 's -LRB- played by real-life Spanish bullfighter Emilio Muñoz -RRB- neglected lover , yearning for his love . It won the Best Female Video award at the 1995 MTV Video Music Awards . Journalistic and academic analysis of the video included its plotline , usage of religious iconography , themes and motifs of feminism and submission , as well as its impact on contemporary music videos . In order to promote Bedtime Stories , Madonna performed `` Take a Bow '' on a few occasions , including live with Babyface at the 1995 American Music Awards . In 2016 , she added the song to the setlist of the Asian and Oceanian legs of her Rebel Heart Tour and her one-off Sydney concert Madonna : Tears of a Clown .


query: A subclass of anti-nuclear antibodies are are anti-sp100 antibodies.

document: Antinuclear antibodies -LRB- ANAs , also known as antinuclear factor or ANF -RRB- are autoantibodies that bind to contents of the cell nucleus . In normal individuals , the immune system produces antibodies to foreign proteins -LRB- antigens -RRB- but not to human proteins -LRB- autoantigens -RRB- . In some individuals , antibodies to human antigens are produced .   There are many subtypes of ANAs such as anti-Ro antibodies , anti-La antibodies , anti-Sm antibodies , anti-nRNP antibodies , anti-Scl-70 antibodies , anti-dsDNA antibodies , anti-histone antibodies , antibodies to nuclear pore complexes , anti-centromere antibodies and anti-sp100 antibodies . Each of these antibody subtypes binds to different proteins or protein complexes within the nucleus . They are found in many disorders including autoimmunity , cancer and infection , with different prevalences of antibodies depending on the condition . This allows the use of ANAs in the diagnosis of some autoimmune disorders , including systemic lupus erythematosus , Sjögren 's syndrome , scleroderma , mixed connective tissue disease , polymyositis , dermatomyositis , autoimmune hepatitis and drug induced lupus .   The ANA test detects the autoantibodies present in an individual 's blood serum . The common tests used for detecting and quantifying ANAs are indirect immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay -LRB- ELISA -RRB- . In immunofluorescence , the level of autoantibodies is reported as a titre . This is the highest dilution of the serum at which autoantibodies are still detectable . Positive autoantibody titres at a dilution equal to or greater than 1:160 are usually considered as clinically significant . Positive titres of less than 1:160 are present in up to 20 % of the healthy population , especially the elderly . Although positive titres of 1:160 or higher are strongly associated with autoimmune disorders , they are also found in 5 % of healthy individuals . Autoantibody screening is useful in the diagnosis of autoimmune disorders and monitoring levels helps to predict the progression of disease . A positive ANA test is seldom useful if other clinical or laboratory data supporting a diagnosis are not present .


query: The Italian language is spoken in France.

document: Italian -LRB- -LSB- itaˈljaːno -RSB- or lingua italiana -LSB- ˈliŋɡwa itaˈljaːna -RSB- -RRB- is a Romance language . By most measures , Italian , together with Sardinian , is the closest to Latin of the Romance languages .  Italian is an official language in Italy , Switzerland , San Marino , Vatican City and western Istria -LRB- in Slovenia and Croatia -RRB- . It used to have official status in Albania , Malta and Monaco , where it is still widely spoken , as well as in former Italian East Africa and Italian North Africa regions where it plays a significant role in various sectors . Italian is spoken by small minorities in places such as France -LRB- especially in Corsica -RRB- , Montenegro , Crimea and Tunisia and by large expatriate communities in the Americas and Australia . It has official minority status in Bosnia and Herzegovina , Croatia , Slovenia and Romania . Many speakers are native bilinguals of both standardized Italian and other regional languages . Italian is the fourth most studied language in the world .   Italian is a major European language , being one of the official languages of the Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe and one of the working languages of the Council of Europe . It is the third most widely spoken first language in the European Union with 65 million native speakers -LRB- 13 % of the EU population -RRB- and it is spoken as a second language by 14 million EU citizens -LRB- 3 % -RRB- . Including Italian speakers in non-EU European countries -LRB- such as Switzerland and Albania -RRB- and on other continents , the total number of speakers is around 85 million .   Italian is the main working language of the Holy See , serving as the lingua franca in the Roman Catholic hierarchy as well as the official language of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta . Italian is known as the language of music because of its use in musical terminology and opera . Its influence is also widespread in the arts and in the luxury goods market . Italian has been reported as the fourth or fifth most frequently taught foreign language in the world .   Italian was adopted by the state after the Unification of Italy , having previously been a literary language based on Tuscan as spoken mostly by the upper class of Florentine society . Its development was also influenced by other Italian languages and to some minor extent , by the Germanic languages of the post-Roman invaders . The incorporation into Italian of learned , or `` bookish '' words from its own ancestor language , Latin , is arguably another form of lexical borrowing through the influence of written language and the liturgical language of the Church . Throughout the Middle Ages and into the early modern period , most literate Italian speakers were also literate in Latin ; and thus they easily adopted Latin words into their writing -- and eventually speech -- in Italian . Its vowels are the second-closest to Latin after Sardinian . Unlike most other Romance languages , Italian retains Latin 's contrast between short and long consonants . As in most Romance languages , stress is distinctive .


query: Tom Cruise was in an American drama film.

document: Thomas Cruise Mapother IV -LRB- born July 3 , 1962 -RRB- , known professionally as Tom Cruise , is an American actor and producer . He has been nominated for three Academy Awards and has won three Golden Globe Awards . He started his career at age 19 in the film Endless Love -LRB- 1981 -RRB- . After portraying supporting roles in Taps -LRB- 1981 -RRB- and The Outsiders -LRB- 1983 -RRB- , his first leading role was in the romantic comedy Risky Business , released in August 1983 . Cruise became a full-fledged movie star after starring as Pete `` Maverick '' Mitchell in the action drama Top Gun -LRB- 1986 -RRB- . One of the biggest movie stars in Hollywood , Cruise starred in several more successful films in the 1980s , including the dramas The Color of Money -LRB- 1986 -RRB- , Cocktail -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , Rain Man -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , and Born on the Fourth of July -LRB- 1989 -RRB- .   In the 1990s , he starred in a number of hit films , including the romance Far and Away -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , the drama A Few Good Men -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , the legal thriller The Firm -LRB- 1993 -RRB- , the drama horror film Interview with the Vampire -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , the romantic comedy-drama sports film Jerry Maguire -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , the erotic thriller Eyes Wide Shut , and the drama Magnolia -LRB- both 1999 -RRB- . Since 1996 , Cruise has been well known for his role as IMF agent Ethan Hunt in the Mission : Impossible film series , whose most recent film , Mission : Impossible -- Rogue Nation , was released in 2015 .   In the 2000s , Cruise starred in a number of successful films , including the science fiction thrillers Vanilla Sky -LRB- 2001 -RRB- and Minority Report -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , the epic war film The Last Samurai -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , the crime film Collateral -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , the science fiction disaster thriller War of the Worlds -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , and the historical thriller Valkyrie -LRB- 2008 -RRB- .   In the 2010s , he has starred in the action comedy Knight and Day -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , the thriller Jack Reacher -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , the post-apocalyptic science fiction film Oblivion -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , and the military science fiction film Edge of Tomorrow -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . In 2012 , Cruise was Hollywood 's highest-paid actor . 16 of his films grossed over $ 100 million domestically ; 22 have grossed in excess of $ 200 million worldwide .   He has won Golden Globe Awards for Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture in Drama in 1990 for Born on the Fourth of July ; Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture in Comedy/Musical in 1997 for Jerry Maguire ; and Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Motion Picture in 2000 for Magnolia . In 2002 , Cruise won the Saturn Award for Best Actor for Vanilla Sky . In 2003 , he won an AFI Movie of the Year Award for The Last Samurai and an Empire Award for Best Actor for Minority Report .   Cruise is an outspoken advocate for the Church of Scientology and its associated social programs , and credits it with helping him overcome dyslexia . In the 2000s , his criticisms of psychiatry and anti-depressant drugs , particularly therapy for 9/11 rescue workers , and efforts to promote Scientology as a religion in Europe , sparked controversies , as did a leaked video interview of him promoting Scientology .


query: Bedazzled (2000 film) was directed by an American director.

document: Bedazzled is a 2000 fantasy-comedy film remake of the 1967 film of the same name , originally written by Peter Cook and Dudley Moore , which was itself a comic retelling of the Faust legend . The film was directed by Harold Ramis and stars Brendan Fraser and Elizabeth Hurley .


query: Jane Fonda starred  as the main character in Coming Home.

document: Jane Fonda -LRB- born Jayne Seymour Fonda ; December 21 , 1937 -RRB- is an American actress , writer , political activist , former fashion model and fitness guru . She is a two-time Academy Award winner and two time BAFTA Award winner . In 2014 , she was the recipient of the American Film Institute AFI Life Achievement Award .   Fonda made her Broadway debut in the 1960 play There Was a Little Girl , for which she received the first of two Tony Award nominations , and made her screen debut later the same year in Tall Story . She rose to fame in 1960s films such as Period of Adjustment -LRB- 1962 -RRB- , Sunday in New York -LRB- 1963 -RRB- , Cat Ballou -LRB- 1965 -RRB- , Barefoot in the Park -LRB- 1967 -RRB- and Barbarella -LRB- 1968 -RRB- . Her first husband was Barbarella director Roger Vadim . A seven-time Academy Award nominee , she received her first nomination for They Shoot Horses , Do n't They -LRB- 1969 -RRB- and went on to win two Best Actress Oscars in the 1970s for Klute -LRB- 1971 -RRB- and Coming Home -LRB- 1978 -RRB- . Her other nominations were for Julia -LRB- 1977 -RRB- , The China Syndrome -LRB- 1979 -RRB- , On Golden Pond -LRB- 1981 -RRB- and The Morning After -LRB- 1986 -RRB- . Her other major competitive awards include an Emmy Award for the 1984 TV film The Dollmaker , two BAFTA Awards for Julia and The China Syndrome and four Golden Globe Awards .   In 1982 , she released her first exercise video , Jane Fonda 's Workout , which became the highest-selling video of the time . It would be the first of 22 workout videos released by her over the next 13 years which would collectively sell over 17 million copies . Divorced from second husband Tom Hayden , she married billionaire media mogul Ted Turner in 1991 and retired from acting . Fonda was divorced from Turner in 2001 . She returned to acting with her first film in 15 years , the 2005 comedy Monster in Law . Subsequent films have included Georgia Rule -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , The Butler -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , This Is Where I Leave You -LRB- 2014 -RRB- and Youth -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . In 2009 , she returned to Broadway after a 45-year absence , in the play 33 Variations , which earned her a Tony Award nomination , while her recurring role in the HBO drama series The Newsroom -LRB- 2012-2014 -RRB- , has earned her two Emmy Award nominations . She also released another five exercise videos between 2010 and 2012 . She stars with Lily Tomlin , Sam Waterston and Martin Sheen in the Netflix original series Grace and Frankie , which premiered in 2015 .   Fonda was a visible political activist in the counterculture era during the Vietnam War and later became involved in advocacy for women . She was famously and controversially photographed sitting on an anti-aircraft gun on a 1972 visit to Hanoi . She has also protested the Iraq War and violence against women , and describes herself as a feminist . In 2005 , she , Robin Morgan and Gloria Steinem co-founded the Women 's Media Center , an organization that works to amplify the voices of women in the media through advocacy , media and leadership training , and the creation of original content . Fonda serves on the board of the organization .


query: The Contender has an actor in it.

document: The Contender is a 2000 political drama film written and directed by Rod Lurie . It stars Gary Oldman , Joan Allen , Jeff Bridges and Christian Slater . The film focuses on a fictional United States President -LRB- played by Bridges -RRB- and the events surrounding his appointment of a new Vice President -LRB- Allen -RRB- .   The film serves as a response to the Lewinsky scandal that arose during the presidency of Bill Clinton . It also became the subject of controversy regarding alterations that allegedly displeased Oldman , who co-produced . Joan Allen was nominated for Best Actress and Jeff Bridges for Best Supporting Actor at the Academy Awards .


query: Giampaolo Pazzini plays on a soccer team.

document: Hellas Verona Football Club -LRB- commonly known simply as Hellas Verona , Verona , or Hellas within the city of Verona itself -RRB- is a professional Italian football club , based in Verona , Veneto . The team won the Serie A Championship in 1984 -- 85 , and currently plays in Serie B.


query: Lithuania has a population.

document: Lithuania -LRB- UK and US : -LSB- lɪθuː ` eɪniə -RSB- , Lietuva -LSB- lʲɪɛtʊˈvɐ -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Republic of Lithuania -LRB- -LSB- Lietuvos Respublika , links = no -RSB- -RRB- , is a country in Northern Europe . One of the three Baltic states , it is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea , to the east of Sweden and Denmark . It is bordered by Latvia to the north , Belarus to the east and south , Poland to the south , and Kaliningrad Oblast -LRB- a Russian exclave -RRB- to the southwest . Lithuania has an estimated population of 2.8 million people , and its capital and largest city is Vilnius . Lithuanians are a Baltic people . The official language , Lithuanian , along with Latvian , is one of only two living languages in the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family .   For centuries , the southeastern shores of the Baltic Sea were inhabited by various Baltic tribes . In the 1230s , the Lithuanian lands were united by Mindaugas , the King of Lithuania , and the first unified Lithuanian state , the Kingdom of Lithuania , was created on 6 July 1253 . During the 14th century , the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was the largest country in Europe ; present-day Lithuania , Belarus , Ukraine , and parts of Poland and Russia were the territories of the Grand Duchy . With the Lublin Union of 1569 , Lithuania and Poland formed a voluntary two-state union , the Polish -- Lithuanian Commonwealth . The Commonwealth lasted more than two centuries , until neighboring countries systematically dismantled it from 1772 -- 95 , with the Russian Empire annexing most of Lithuania 's territory .   As World War I neared its end , Lithuania 's Act of Independence was signed on 16 February 1918 , declaring the founding of the modern Republic of Lithuania . In the midst of the Second World War , Lithuania was first occupied by the Soviet Union and then by Nazi Germany . As World War II neared its end and the Germans retreated , the Soviet Union reoccupied Lithuania . On 11 March 1990 , a year before the formal dissolution of the Soviet Union , Lithuania became the first Soviet republic to declare itself independent , resulting in the restoration of an independent State of Lithuania .   Lithuania is a member of the European Union , the Council of Europe , a full member of the Eurozone , Schengen Agreement and NATO . It is also a member of the Nordic Investment Bank , and part of Nordic-Baltic cooperation of Northern European countries . The United Nations Human Development Index lists Lithuania as a `` very high human development '' country . Lithuania has been among the fastest growing economies in the European Union and is ranked 21st in the world in the Ease of Doing Business Index .


query: Cannibalism continued into the 19th century.

document: Cannibalism is the act or practice of humans eating the flesh or internal organs of other human beings . A person who practices cannibalism is called a cannibal . The expression cannibalism has been extended into zoology to mean one individual of a species consuming all or part of another individual of the same species as food , including sexual cannibalism .   The Island Carib people of the Lesser Antilles , from whom the word cannibalism derives , acquired a long-standing reputation as cannibals following the recording of their legends in the 17th century . Some controversy exists over the accuracy of these legends and the prevalence of actual cannibalism in the culture . Cannibalism was widespread in the past among humans in many parts of the world , continuing into the 19th century in some isolated South Pacific cultures , and to the present day in parts of tropical Africa . Cannibalism was practiced in New Guinea and in parts of the Solomon Islands , and flesh markets existed in some parts of Melanesia . Fiji was once known as the `` Cannibal Isles '' . Cannibalism has been well documented around the world , from Fiji to the Amazon Basin to the Congo to Māori New Zealand . Neanderthals are believed to have practiced cannibalism , and Neanderthals may have been eaten by anatomically modern humans .   Cannibalism has recently been both practiced and fiercely condemned in several wars , especially in Liberia and Congo . It is still practiced in Papua New Guinea as of 2012 for cultic reasons and in ritual and in war in various Melanesian tribes . Cannibalism has been said to test the bounds of cultural relativism as it challenges anthropologists `` to define what is or is not beyond the pale of acceptable human behavior . ''   Cannibalism has been occasionally practiced as a last resort by people suffering from famine , including in modern times . Famous examples include the ill-fated Westward expedition of the Donner Party -LRB- 1846-7 -RRB- and , more recently , the crash of Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571 -LRB- 1972 -RRB- , after which some survivors ate the bodies of dead passengers . Also , some mentally ill people obsess about eating others and actually do so , such as Jeffrey Dahmer and Albert Fish . There is resistance to formally labeling cannibalism as a mental disorder .


query: AIDS was addressed in Beverly Hills, 90210.

document: Beverly Hills , 90210 is an American drama television series that ran for ten seasons -- originally airing from October 4 , 1990 , to May 17 , 2000 , on Fox , and was produced by Spelling Television in the United States -- and subsequently on numerous networks around the world . It is the first of five television series in the Beverly Hills , 90210 franchise . The show follows the lives of a group of friends living in the upscale and star-studded community of Beverly Hills , California as they make their way through high school to college and into the adult world .   The show was created by Darren Star and executive producers Charles Rosin -LRB- originally -RRB- followed in later seasons by Aaron Spelling , E. Duke Vincent , Paul Waigner , Steve Wasserman , and Jessica Klein . The `` 90210 '' in the title refers to one of the city 's five ZIP codes .   The initial premise of the show was based on the adjustment and culture shock that twins Brandon -LRB- Jason Priestley -RRB- and Brenda Walsh -LRB- Shannen Doherty -RRB- experienced when they and their parents , Jim -LRB- James Eckhouse -RRB- and Cindy -LRB- Carol Potter -RRB- moved from Minneapolis , Minnesota to Beverly Hills . In addition to chronicling the friendships and romantic relationships of the characters , the show also addressed numerous topical issues such as date rape , gay rights , animal rights , alcoholism , drug abuse , domestic violence , sex , antisemitism , racism , teenage suicide , teenage pregnancy , and AIDS . Beverly Hills , 90210 was named one of the Best School Shows of All Time by AOL TV .   After a poor start in the ratings during its first season , the series gained popularity during the summer of 1991 , when Fox aired a special `` summer season '' of the show while most other series were in reruns . The series became one of Fox 's top shows when it began its next season that fall . Viewership increased dramatically and the cast members , particularly Jason Priestley and Luke Perry , became teen idols , while the series would make actresses Shannen Doherty , Jennie Garth and Tori Spelling household names in the US . The show also had many cast changes , with Garth , Spelling , Ian Ziering and Brian Austin Green being the only actors to appear during its entire run .


query: Dwight D. Eisenhower graduated in 1915.

document: Dwight David `` Ike '' Eisenhower -LRB- -LSB- ˈaɪzənˌhaʊ.ər -RSB- ; October 14 , 1890 -- March 28 , 1969 -RRB- was an American politician and Army general who served as the 34th President of the United States from 1953 until 1961 . He was a five-star general in the United States Army during World War II and served as Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Forces in Europe . He was responsible for planning and supervising the invasion of North Africa in Operation Torch in 1942 -- 43 and the successful invasion of France and Germany in 1944 -- 45 from the Western Front .   Eisenhower was born in Denison , Texas , and raised in Kansas in a large family of mostly Pennsylvania Dutch ancestry by parents with a strong religious background . His mother was born a Lutheran , married as a River Brethren and later converted to Jehovah 's Witnesses . Eisenhower did not belong to any denomination until he was President . He graduated from West Point in 1915 and later married Mamie Doud , with whom he had two sons . During World War I , he was denied a request to serve in Europe , instead commanding a unit training tank crews . Following the war , he served under several notable generals , and was promoted to the rank of brigadier general in 1941 . After the U.S. entered World War II , Eisenhower oversaw the successful invasions of North Africa and Sicily before supervising the invasions of France and Germany . After the war , Eisenhower served as Army Chief of Staff and then in an uncomfortable role as president of Columbia University . In 1951 -- 52 , he served as the first Supreme Commander of NATO .   Eisenhower entered the 1952 presidential race as a Republican , in order to block the foreign policies of Senator Robert A. Taft . He won two landslide elections , becoming the first Republican winner to do so since 1928 . Eisenhower 's main goals in office were to contain the expansion of the Soviet Union and reduce federal deficits . In 1953 , he threatened the use of nuclear weapons until China agreed to terms regarding POWs in the Korean War . An armistice ended the stalemated conflict . His New Look policy of nuclear deterrence prioritized inexpensive nuclear weapons while reducing funding for expensive Army divisions . He continued Truman 's policy of recognizing the Republic of China as the legitimate government of China , and he won congressional approval of the Formosa Resolution . His administration provided major aid to help the French fight off Vietnamese Communists in the First Indochina War . After the French left he gave strong financial support to the new state of South Vietnam . He supported local military coups against hostile governments in Iran and Guatemala . During the Suez Crisis of 1956 , Eisenhower condemned the Israeli , British and French invasion of Egypt , and forced them to withdraw . He also condemned the Soviet invasion during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 but took no action . After the Soviet Union launched Sputnik in 1957 , Eisenhower authorized the establishment of NASA , which led to the space race . During the Syrian Crisis of 1957 he approved a CIA-MI6 plan to stage fake border incidents as an excuse for an invasion by Syria 's pro-western neighbours . He deployed 15,000 soldiers during the 1958 Lebanon crisis . Near the end of his term , his efforts to set up a summit meeting with the Soviets collapsed when an American spy plane was shot down over Russia .   On the domestic front , Eisenhower was a moderate conservative who continued New Deal agencies and expanded Social Security . He covertly opposed Joseph McCarthy and contributed to the end of McCarthyism by openly invoking executive privilege . Eisenhower was reluctant to support civil rights but signed the Civil Rights Act of 1957 and sent Army troops to enforce federal court orders that integrated schools in Little Rock , Arkansas . His largest program was the Interstate Highway System . He promoted the establishment of strong science education via the National Defense Education Act . Eisenhower 's two terms saw widespread economic prosperity except for a minor recession in 1958 . In his farewell address to the nation , Eisenhower expressed his concerns about the dangers of massive military spending , particularly deficit spending and government contracts to private military manufacturers . Voted Gallup 's most admired man twelve times , he achieved widespread popular esteem both in and out of office . Since the late 20th century , consensus among Western scholars has consistently held Eisenhower as one of the greatest U.S. Presidents .


query: Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon is married to George VI.

document: George VI -LRB- Albert Frederick Arthur George ; 14 December 1895 -- 6 February 1952 -RRB- was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth from 11 December 1936 until his death . He was the last Emperor of India and the first Head of the Commonwealth .   Known as Albert until his accession , George VI was born in the reign of his great-grandmother Queen Victoria , and was named after his great-grandfather Albert , Prince Consort . As the second son of King George V , he was not expected to inherit the throne and spent his early life in the shadow of his elder brother , Edward . He attended naval college as a teenager , and served in the Royal Navy and Royal Air Force during the First World War . In 1920 , he was made Duke of York . He married Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon in 1923 and they had two daughters , Elizabeth and Margaret . In the mid-1920s , he had speech therapy for a stammer , which he never fully overcame .   George 's elder brother ascended the throne as Edward VIII upon the death of their father in 1936 . However , later that year Edward revealed his desire to marry divorced American socialite Wallis Simpson . British Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin advised Edward that for political and religious reasons he could not marry a divorced woman and remain king . Edward abdicated in order to marry , and George ascended the throne as the third monarch of the House of Windsor .   During George 's reign , the break-up of the British Empire and its transition into the Commonwealth of Nations accelerated . The parliament of the Irish Free State removed direct mention of the monarch from the country 's constitution on the day of his accession . The following year , a new Irish constitution changed the name of the state to Ireland and established the office of President . From 1939 , the Empire and Commonwealth -- except Ireland -- was at war with Nazi Germany . War with Italy and Japan followed in 1940 and 1941 , respectively . Though Britain and its allies were ultimately victorious in 1945 , the United States and the Soviet Union rose as pre-eminent world powers and the British Empire declined . After the independence of India and Pakistan in 1947 , George remained king of both countries , but relinquished the title of Emperor of India in June 1948 . Ireland formally declared itself a republic and left the Commonwealth in 1949 , and India became a republic within the Commonwealth the following year . George adopted the new title of Head of the Commonwealth . He was beset by health problems in the later years of his reign . He was succeeded by his eldest daughter , Elizabeth II .


query: Daniel-Day Lewis was in theatrical performances on screen.

document: Sir Daniel Michael Blake Day-Lewis -LRB- born 29 April 1957 -RRB- is an English actor who holds both British and Irish citizenship . Born and raised in London , he excelled on stage at the National Youth Theatre , before being accepted at the Bristol Old Vic Theatre School , which he attended for three years . Despite his traditional actor training at the Bristol Old Vic , he is considered to be a method actor , known for his constant devotion to and research of his roles . He often remains completely in character for the duration of the shooting schedules of his films , even to the point of adversely affecting his health . He is one of the most selective actors in the film industry , having starred in only five films since 1998 , with as many as five years between roles . Protective of his private life , he rarely gives interviews and makes very few public appearances .   Day-Lewis shifted between theatre and film for most of the early 1980s , joining the Royal Shakespeare Company and playing Romeo in Romeo and Juliet and Flute in A Midsummer Night 's Dream , before appearing in the 1984 film The Bounty . He starred in My Beautiful Laundrette -LRB- 1985 -RRB- , his first critically acclaimed role , and gained further public notice with A Room with a View -LRB- 1985 -RRB- . He then assumed leading man status with The Unbearable Lightness of Being -LRB- 1988 -RRB- .   One of the most acclaimed actors of his generation , Day-Lewis has earned numerous awards , including three Academy Awards for Best Actor for his performances in My Left Foot -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , There Will Be Blood -LRB- 2007 -RRB- and Lincoln -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , making him the only male actor in history to have three wins in the lead actor category and one of only three male actors to win three Oscars . He was also nominated in this category for In the Name of the Father -LRB- 1993 -RRB- and Gangs of New York -LRB- 2002 -RRB- . He has also won four BAFTA Awards for Best Actor , three Screen Actors Guild Awards and two Golden Globe Awards . In November 2012 , Time named Day-Lewis the `` World 's Greatest Actor . '' In June 2014 , he received a knighthood at Buckingham Palace for services to drama .


query: Naomi Watts was not in a film directed by Tom Tykwer.

document: Naomi Ellen Watts -LRB- born 28 September 1968 -RRB- is an English actress and film producer . She made her screen debut in the Australian drama film For Love Alone -LRB- 1986 -RRB- and then appeared in the Australian television series Hey Dad . . ! -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , Brides of Christ -LRB- 1991 -RRB- and Home and Away -LRB- 1991 -RRB- and alongside Nicole Kidman and Thandie Newton in the coming-of-age comedy-drama film Flirting -LRB- 1991 -RRB- . After moving to America , Watts appeared in films , including Tank Girl -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , Children of the Corn IV : The Gathering -LRB- 1996 -RRB- and Dangerous Beauty -LRB- 1998 -RRB- and had the lead role in the television series Sleepwalkers -LRB- 1997 -- 1998 -RRB- .   After years as a struggling actress , Watts came to attention in David Lynch 's psychological thriller Mulholland Drive -LRB- 2001 -RRB- . The following year she enjoyed box-office success with her role as Rachel Keller in The Ring -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , the remake of a successful Japanese horror film . She then received nominations at the Academy Awards and the Screen Actors ' Guild Awards in the Best Actress categories for her portrayal of Cristina Peck in Alejandro González Iñárritu 's neo-noir 21 Grams -LRB- 2003 -RRB- . Her subsequent films include David O. Russell 's comedy I Heart Huckabees -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , the 2005 remake of King Kong , the crime-thriller Eastern Promises -LRB- 2007 -RRB- and the Tom Tykwer-directed thriller The International -LRB- 2009 -RRB- . Since then , Watts has portrayed Valerie Plame Wilson in the biographical drama Fair Game -LRB- 2010 -RRB- and Helen Gandy in Clint Eastwood 's biographical drama J. Edgar -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . For her leading role as Maria Bennett in the disaster film The Impossible -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , she received second nominations for the Academy Award and Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Actress and a nomination for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress .   In 2002 , Watts was included in People magazine 's 50 Most Beautiful People . In 2006 , she became a goodwill ambassador for Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS , which helps to raise awareness of AIDS-related issues . She has participated in several fundraisers for the cause , and she is presented as an inaugural member of AIDS Red Ribbon Awards .


query: Minecraft features textured cubes with which players build constructions.

document: Minecraft is a sandbox video game created and designed by Swedish game designer Markus `` Notch '' Persson , and later fully developed and published by Mojang . The creative and building aspects of Minecraft enable players to build constructions out of textured cubes in a 3D procedurally generated world . Other activities in the game include exploration , resource gathering , crafting , and combat . Multiple gameplay modes are available , including a survival mode where the player must acquire resources to build the world and maintain health , a creative mode where players have unlimited resources to build with and the ability to fly , an adventure mode where players can play custom maps created by other players , and a spectator mode where players can fly around and clip through blocks , but can not place or destroy any . The PC version of the game is noted for its modding scene , where a dedicated community creates new gameplay mechanics , items , and assets for the game .   Minecraft received praise from critics , and won numerous awards and accolades . , over 121 million copies have been sold across all platforms , making it the second best-selling video game of all time , only behind the various releases of Tetris . In September 2014 , Microsoft announced a deal to buy Mojang and the Minecraft intellectual property for 2.5 billion , with the acquisition being completed two months later .


query: An anti-nuclear antibodies subtype is antibodies to nuclear pore complexes.


query: Eminem is a music artist.

document: Marshall Bruce Mathers III -LRB- born October 17 , 1972 -RRB- , known professionally as Eminem -LRB- often stylized as EMINƎM -RRB- , is an American rapper , record producer , and actor . Eminem is the best-selling artist of the 2000s in the United States . Throughout his career , he has had 10 number-one albums on the Billboard 200 and five number-one singles on the Billboard Hot 100 . With US sales of 45.1 million albums and 42 million tracks as of June 2014 , Eminem is the second best-selling male artist of the Nielsen SoundScan era , the sixth best-selling artist in the United States and the best-selling hip-hop artist . Globally , he has sold more than 172 million albums , thus being one of the world 's best-selling artists . Rolling Stone ranked him 83rd on its list of 100 Greatest Artists of All Time , calling him the King of Hip Hop .   After his debut album Infinite -LRB- 1996 -RRB- and the Slim Shady EP -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , Eminem signed with Dr. Dre 's Aftermath Entertainment and subsequently achieved mainstream popularity in 1999 with The Slim Shady LP , which earned him his first Grammy Award for Best Rap Album . His next two releases , 2000 's The Marshall Mathers LP and 2002 's The Eminem Show , were worldwide successes , with each being certified diamond in U.S. sales , and both winning Best Rap Album Grammy Awards -- making Eminem the first artist to win the award for three consecutive LPs . They were followed by Encore in 2004 , another critical and commercial success . Eminem went on hiatus after touring in 2005 , releasing Relapse in 2009 and Recovery in 2010 . Both won Grammy Awards and Recovery was the best-selling album of 2010 worldwide , the second time he had the international best-selling album of the year -LRB- after The Eminem Show -RRB- . Eminem 's eighth album , 2013 's The Marshall Mathers LP 2 , won two Grammy Awards , including Best Rap Album ; it expanded his record for the most wins in that category and his Grammy total to 15 .   In addition to his solo career , Eminem is an original member of the Midwest hip hop groups Soul Intent and D12 . He is also known for his collaborations with fellow Detroit-based rapper Royce da 5 ' 9 '' ; the two are collectively known as Bad Meets Evil . Eminem has developed other ventures , including Shady Records , with manager Paul Rosenberg , which helped launch the careers of artists such as 50 Cent . Eminem has also established his own channel , Shade 45 , on Sirius XM Radio . In November 2002 , he starred in the hip hop film 8 Mile , which won the Academy Award for Best Original Song , for `` Lose Yourself '' , becoming the first rap artist to win the award . Eminem has made cameo appearances in the films The Wash -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Funny People -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , The Interview -LRB- 2014 -RRB- and the television series Entourage -LRB- 2010 -RRB- .


query: The National Security Agency is responsible for the collection of data for intelligence purposes.

document: The National Security Agency -LRB- NSA -RRB- is a military intelligence organization and a constituent of the United States Department of Defense -LRB- DOD -RRB- . The NSA is responsible for global monitoring , collection , and processing of information and data for foreign intelligence and counterintelligence purposes , a discipline known as signals intelligence -LRB- SIGINT -RRB- . NSA is concurrently charged with protection of U.S. government communications and information systems against penetration and network warfare . Although many of NSA 's programs rely on `` passive '' electronic collection , the agency is authorized to accomplish its mission through active clandestine means , among which are physically bugging electronic systems and allegedly engaging in sabotage through subversive software . Moreover , NSA maintains physical presence in a large number of countries across the globe , where its Special Collection Service -LRB- SCS -RRB- inserts eavesdropping devices in difficult-to-reach places . SCS collection tactics allegedly encompass `` close surveillance , burglary , wiretapping , breaking and entering . ''   Unlike the Defense Intelligence Agency -LRB- DIA -RRB- and the Central Intelligence Agency -LRB- CIA -RRB- , both of which specialize primarily in foreign human espionage , NSA does not unilaterally conduct human-source intelligence gathering , despite often being portrayed so in popular culture . Instead , NSA is entrusted with assistance to and coordination of SIGINT elements at other government organizations , which are prevented by law from engaging in such activities without the approval of the NSA via the Defense Secretary . As part of these streamlining responsibilities , the agency has a co-located organization called the Central Security Service -LRB- CSS -RRB- , which was created to facilitate cooperation between NSA and other U.S. military cryptanalysis components . Additionally , the NSA Director simultaneously serves as the Commander of the United States Cyber Command and as Chief of the Central Security Service .   Originating as a unit to decipher coded communications in World War II , it was officially formed as the NSA by President Harry S. Truman in 1952 . Since then , it has become one of the largest U.S. intelligence organizations in terms of personnel and budget , operating as part of the Department of Defense and simultaneously reporting to the Director of National Intelligence .   NSA surveillance has been a matter of political controversy on several occasions , such as its spying on anti-Vietnam-war leaders and economic espionage . In 2013 , the extent of some of the NSA 's secret surveillance programs was revealed to the public by Edward Snowden . According to the leaked documents , the NSA intercepts the communications of over a billion people worldwide , many of whom are United States citizens , and tracks the movement of hundreds of millions of people using cellphones . Internationally , research has pointed to the NSA 's ability to surveil the domestic Internet traffic of foreign countries through `` boomerang routing '' .


query: The Republic of Ireland is near a country.

document: Ireland -LRB- -LSB- ˈaɪərlənd -RSB- Éire -LSB- ˈeːɾʲə -RSB- -RRB- , also described as the Republic of Ireland -LRB- Poblacht na hÉireann -RRB- , is a sovereign state in north-western Europe occupying 26 of 32 counties of the island of Ireland . The capital and largest city is Dublin , which is located on the eastern part of the island , and whose metropolitan area is home to around a third of the country 's 4.75 million inhabitants . The state shares its only land border with Northern Ireland , a part of the United Kingdom . It is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean , with the Celtic Sea to the south , Saint George 's Channel to the south-east , and the Irish Sea to the east . It is a unitary , parliamentary republic . The legislature , the Oireachtas , consists of a lower house , Dáil Éireann , an upper house , Seanad Éireann , and an elected President -LRB- Uachtarán -RRB- who serves as the largely ceremonial head of state , but with some important powers and duties . The head of government is the Taoiseach -LRB- Prime Minister , literally ` Chief ' , a title not used in English -RRB- , who is elected by the Dáil and appointed by the President ; the Taoiseach in turn appoints other government ministers .   The state was created as the Irish Free State in 1922 as a result of the Anglo-Irish Treaty . It had the status of dominion until 1937 when a new constitution was adopted , in which the state was named `` Ireland '' and effectively became a republic , with an elected non-executive president as head of state . It was officially declared a republic in 1949 , following the Republic of Ireland Act 1948 . Ireland became a member of the United Nations in December 1955 . It joined the European Economic Community -LRB- EEC -RRB- , the predecessor of the European Union , in 1973 . The state had no formal relations with Northern Ireland for most of the twentieth century , but during the 1980s and 1990s the British and Irish governments worked with the Northern Ireland parties towards a resolution to `` the Troubles '' . Since the signing of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998 , the Irish government and Northern Ireland Executive have co-operated on a number of policy areas under the North-South Ministerial Council created by the Agreement .   Ireland ranks among the top twenty-five wealthiest countries in the world in terms of GDP per capita , and as the tenth most prosperous country in the world according to The Legatum Prosperity Index 2015 . After joining the EEC , Ireland enacted a series of liberal economic policies that resulted in rapid economic growth . The country achieved considerable prosperity between the years of 1995 and 2007 , which became known as the Celtic Tiger period . This was halted by an unprecedented financial crisis that began in 2008 , in conjunction with the concurrent global economic crash . However , as the Irish economy was the fastest growing in the EU in 2015 , Ireland is again quickly ascending league tables comparing wealth and prosperity internationally . For example , in 2015 , Ireland was ranked as the joint sixth -LRB- with Germany -RRB- most developed country in the world by the United Nations Human Development Index . It also performs well in several national performance metrics , including freedom of the press , economic freedom and civil liberties . Ireland is a member of the European Union and is a founding member of the Council of Europe and the OECD . The Irish government has followed a policy of military neutrality through non-alignment since immediately prior to World War II and the country is consequently not a member of NATO , although it is a member in Partnership for Peace .


query: Wyatt Earp was a constable and he was American.

document: Wyatt Berry Stapp Earp -LRB- March 19 , 1848 -- January 13 , 1929 -RRB- was an American Old West gambler , a deputy sheriff in Pima County , and deputy town marshal in Tombstone , Arizona Territory , who took part in the gunfight at the O.K. Corral , during which lawmen killed three outlaw cowboys . He is often regarded as the central figure in the shootout in Tombstone , although his brother Virgil was Tombstone city marshal and Deputy U.S. Marshal that day , and had far more experience as a sheriff , constable , marshal , and soldier in combat .   Earp lived a restless life . He was at different times a constable , city policeman , county sheriff , Deputy U.S. Marshal , teamster , buffalo hunter , bouncer , saloon-keeper , gambler , brothel keeper , miner , and boxing referee . Earp spent his early life in Iowa . In 1870 , Earp married his first wife , Urilla Sutherland Earp , who contracted typhoid fever and died shortly before their first child was to be born . During the next two years Earp was arrested for stealing a horse , escaped from jail , sued twice , and was arrested and fined three times during the course of 1872 for `` keeping and being found in a house of ill-fame '' . His third arrest was subject of a lengthy account in the `` Daily Transcript '' which referred to him as an `` old offender '' and nicknamed him the `` Peoria Bummer '' .   By 1874 he had arrived in the cattle boomtown of Wichita , Kansas where his brother had opened a brothel . On April 21 , 1875 he was appointed to the Wichita police force , and developed a solid reputation as a lawman . In April 1876 he was dismissed from his position as a lawman following an altercation with a political opponent of his boss which led to him being fined $ 30 . In 1876 , he followed his brother James to Dodge City , Kansas , where he became an assistant city marshal . In winter 1878 , he went to Texas to track down an outlaw and met John `` Doc '' Holliday , whom Earp later credited with saving his life .   Earp moved constantly throughout his life from one boomtown to another . He left Dodge City in 1879 and moved to Tombstone with his brothers James and Virgil , where a silver boom was underway . There , the Earps clashed with a loose federation of outlaws known as the Cowboys . Wyatt , Virgil , and their younger brother Morgan held various law enforcement positions that put them in conflict with Tom and Frank McLaury , and Ike and Billy Clanton , who threatened on several occasions to kill the Earps . The conflict escalated over the next year , culminating on October 26 , 1881 in the gunfight at the O.K. Corral , in which the Earps and Holliday killed three of the Cowboys . In the next five months , Virgil was ambushed and maimed , and Morgan was assassinated . Pursuing a vendetta , Wyatt , his brother Warren , Holliday , and others formed a federal posse that killed three of the Cowboys whom they thought responsible . Wyatt was never wounded in any of the gunfights in which he took part , unlike his brothers Virgil and James , or his friend , Doc Holliday , which only added to his mystique after his death .   Earp was a lifelong gambler and was always looking for a quick way to make money . After leaving Tombstone , Earp went to San Francisco where he reunited with Josephine Earp . She became his common-law wife . They joined a gold rush to Eagle City , Idaho , where they owned mining interests and a saloon . They left there to race horses and open a saloon during a real estate boom in San Diego , California . Back in San Francisco , Wyatt raced horses again , but his reputation suffered irreparably when he refereed the Fitzsimmons-Sharkey boxing match and called a foul that led many to believe that he fixed the fight . They moved briefly to Yuma , Arizona before joining the Nome Gold Rush in 1899 . In partnership with Charlie Hoxie they opened a two-story saloon called the Dexter and made an estimated $ 80,000 -LRB- about $ 2 million in 2017 dollars -RRB- . Returning to the lower 48 , they opened another saloon in Tonopah , Nevada , the site of a new gold find . In about 1911 , Earp began working several mining claims in Vidal , California , retiring in the hot summers with Josephine to Los Angeles .   Wyatt Earp died on January 13 , 1929 . He was known as a Western lawman , gunfighter , and boxing referee . He had a notorious reputation for both his handling of the Fitzsimmons-Sharkey fight and his role in the O.K. Corral gunfight . This only began to change after his death when an extremely flattering biography was published in 1931 . It became a bestseller and created his reputation as a fearless lawman . Since then , Earp has been the subject of and model for numerous films , TV shows , biographies , and works of fiction that have increased his notoriety . He did , however , live to see himself being portrayed in the film Wild Bill Hickok , released in 1923 . Long after his death , he has many devoted detractors and admirers . Earp 's modern-day reputation is that of the Old West 's `` toughest and deadliest gunman of his day . ''


query: The Eagles are a group.

document: Joseph Fidler Walsh -LRB- born November 20 , 1947 -RRB- is an American singer-songwriter , composer , multi-instrumentalist and record producer . In a career spanning more than 40 years , he has been a member of five successful rock bands : James Gang , Barnstorm , Eagles , The Party Boys , and Ringo Starr & His All-Starr Band . In the 1990s , he was also a member of the short-lived supergroup The Best .   He has also experienced success both as a solo artist and prolific session musician , being featured on a wide array of other artists ' recordings . In 2011 , Rolling Stone placed him at the number 54 spot on its list of `` 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time . ''   In the mid-1960s , after attending Kent State University , Walsh played with several local Ohio-based bands before reaching a national audience as a member of the James Gang , whose hit song `` Funk # 49 '' highlighted his skill as both a guitarist and vocalist . After the James Gang broke up in 1972 , he formed Barnstorm with Joe Vitale , a college friend from Ohio , and Kenny Passarelli , a bassist from Colorado , where Walsh had moved after leaving Ohio . While the band stayed together for three albums over three years , its works were marketed as Walsh solo projects . The last Barnstorm album , 1974 's So What contained significant guest contributions from several members of the Eagles , a group that had recently hired Walsh 's producer , Bill Szymczyk .   At Szymczyk 's suggestion , Walsh joined the Eagles in 1975 as the group 's keyboardist and guitarist following the departure of their founding member Bernie Leadon , with Hotel California being his first album with the band . In 1998 a reader 's poll conducted by Guitarist magazine selected the guitar solos on the track `` Hotel California '' by he and Don Felder as the best guitar solos of all time . Guitar World magazine listed it at eighth of the Top 100 Guitar Solos .   Besides his work with his several bands , he has released twelve solo studio albums , six compilation albums and two live albums . His solo hits include `` Rocky Mountain Way '' , `` Life 's Been Good '' , `` All Night Long '' , `` A Life of Illusion '' and `` Ordinary Average Guy '' .   As a member of the Eagles , Walsh was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1998 , and into the Vocal Group Hall of Fame in 2001 . The Eagles are considered to be one of the most influential bands of the 1970s , and they remain the best-selling American band in the history of popular music . His creative contribution to music has received praise from many of the best rock guitarists , including Led Zeppelin 's Jimmy Page , who said , `` He has a tremendous feel for the instrument . I 've loved his style since the early James Gang . '' Eric Clapton said that `` He 's one of the best guitarists to surface in some time . I do n't listen to many records , but I listen to his . '' The Who 's guitarist , Pete Townshend , said `` Joe Walsh is a fluid and intelligent player . There 're not many like that around . ''


query: The West Wing is in the White House.

document: The Oval Office is the official office of the President of the United States . It is located in the West Wing of the White House Complex .   The room features three large south-facing windows behind the president 's desk , and a fireplace at the north end . It has four doors : the east door opens to the Rose Garden ; the west door leads to a private study and dining room ; the northwest door opens onto the main corridor of the West Wing ; and the northeast door opens to the office of the president 's secretary .   Presidents generally decorate the office to suit their personal taste , choosing new furniture , new drapery , and designing their own oval-shaped carpet to take up most of the floor . Artwork is selected from the White House 's own collection , or borrowed from museums for the president 's term in office .


query: San Junipero is an episode.

document: `` San Junipero '' is the fourth episode of the third series of British science fiction anthology series Black Mirror . Written by series creator and showrunner Charlie Brooker and directed by Owen Harris , it premiered on Netflix on 21 October 2016 , together with the rest of series three .   The episode , set in 1987 in a beach resort town named San Junipero , tells the story of Yorkie -LRB- Mackenzie Davis -RRB- , a shy young woman visiting the town and falling in love with a regular visitor , Kelly -LRB- Gugu Mbatha-Raw -RRB- .   It received critical acclaim , with many calling it the best episode of series three and for being more cheerful and positive than other Black Mirror episodes . The episode won the GLAAD Media Award for Outstanding Individual Episode .


query: The Existence of God has been argued through a cosmological argument.

document: The existence of God is a subject of debate in the philosophy of religion , popular culture , and philosophy .   A wide variety of arguments for and against the existence of God can be categorized as metaphysical , logical , empirical , or subjective . In philosophical terms , the question of the existence of God involves the disciplines of epistemology -LRB- the nature and scope of knowledge -RRB- and ontology -LRB- study of the nature of being , existence , or reality -RRB- and the theory of value -LRB- since some definitions of God include `` perfection '' -RRB- .   The Western tradition of philosophical discussion of the existence of God began with Plato and Aristotle , who made arguments that would now be categorized as cosmological . Other arguments for the existence of God have been proposed by St. Anselm , who formulated the first ontological argument ; Ibn Rushd -LRB- Averroes -RRB- and Thomas Aquinas , who presented their own versions of the cosmological argument -LRB- the kalam argument and the first way , respectively -RRB- ; René Descartes , who said that the existence of a benevolent God is logically necessary for the evidence of the senses to be meaningful ; and Immanuel Kant , who argued that the existence of God can be deduced from the existence of good . Philosophers who have provided arguments against the existence of God include the aforementioned Kant , David Hume , Friedrich Nietzsche and Bertrand Russell . In modern culture , the question of God 's existence has been discussed by scientists such as Stephen Hawking , Francis Collins , Lawrence M. Krauss , Richard Dawkins and John Lennox , as well as philosophers including Richard Swinburne , Alvin Plantinga , William Lane Craig , Rebecca Goldstein , A. C. Grayling , Daniel Dennett , Edward Feser , David Bentley Hart and Sam Harris .   Scientists follow the scientific method , within which theories must be verifiable by physical experiment . On that basis , the question regarding the existence of God , for which evidence can not be tested , definitionally lies outside the purview of modern science . The Catholic Church maintains that knowledge of the existence of God is the `` natural light of human reason '' . Fideists acknowledge that belief in the existence of God may not be amenable to demonstration or refutation , but rests on faith alone . Atheism views arguments for the existence of God as insufficient , mistaken or weighing less in comparison to arguments against . Other religions , such as Buddhism , do not concern themselves with the existence of gods at all , while religions such as Jainism reject the possibility of a creator deity .


query: Joaquin Phoenix has a career.

document: Joaquín Rafael Phoenix -LRB- -LSB- ˌhwɑːˈkiːn -RSB- born Joaquín Rafael Bottom ; October 28 , 1974 -RRB- , known formerly as Leaf Phoenix , is a Puerto Rican -- born American actor , producer , music video director , musician and activist . For his work as an artist , Phoenix has received a Grammy Award , a Golden Globe Award and three Academy Award nominations .   Phoenix started acting in television shows with his brother River Phoenix and sister Summer Phoenix . His first major film release was in the comedy-drama film Parenthood -LRB- 1989 -RRB- . During his period as a child actor he was credited as Leaf Phoenix , his self-given name . He later went back to his birth name , Joaquín , and received positive reviews for his supporting work in a wide range of films , most notably in the film adaptation of the novel To Die For -LRB- 1995 -RRB- and the period film Quills -LRB- 2000 -RRB- . He received international attention for his portrayal of Commodus in the 2000 historical epic film Gladiator , which earned him a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor . He has subsequently earned Best Actor nominations for portraying musician Johnny Cash in the biopic Walk the Line -LRB- 2005 -RRB- and for his role as Freddie Quell , a sex-obsessed alcoholic World War II veteran in the drama film The Master -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , the latter winning him the Volpi Cup for Best Actor . To this date , he and River Phoenix hold the distinction of being the first and only brothers to be nominated for acting Academy Awards .   Some of his other notable films include the satire film Buffalo Soldiers -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , the science fiction thriller Signs -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , the animated film Brother Bear -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , the historical drama film Hotel Rwanda -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , the psychological thriller The Village -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , the documentary Earthlings -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , the romantic drama Two Lovers -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , the drama The Immigrant -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , the romantic science fiction drama Her -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , the crime comedy-drama film Inherent Vice -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and the thriller You Were Never Really Here -LRB- 2017 -RRB- , for which he won the Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Actor .   Aside from his acting career , he has also ventured into directing music videos , as well as producing films and television shows . He has recorded an album , the soundtrack to Walk The Line , for which he won the Grammy Award for Best Compilation Soundtrack for Visual Media . Phoenix is a social activist , lending his support to a number of charities and humanitarian organizations . He is also widely known for his animal rights advocacy . He has been a vegan since the age of three , and campaigns for PETA and In Defense of Animals .


query: The Boys from Brazil features Steve Guttenberg.

document: The Boys from Brazil is a 1978 British-American science fiction thriller film directed by Franklin J. Schaffner . It stars Gregory Peck and Laurence Olivier and features James Mason , Lilli Palmer , Uta Hagen , Denholm Elliott , and Steve Guttenberg in supporting roles . The film is based on the 1976 novel of the same name by Ira Levin , and was nominated for three Academy Awards .


query: American Gods (TV series) has a showrunner named Fuller.

document: American Gods is an American television series based on the novel of the same name , written by Neil Gaiman and originally published in 2001 . The television series was developed by Bryan Fuller and Michael Green for the premium cable network Starz . Fuller and Green are the showrunners for the series . Gaiman serves as an executive producer along with Fuller , Green , Craig Cegielski , Stefanie Berk , and Thom Beers . The first episode premiered on the Starz network and through their streaming application on April 30 , 2017 . In May 2017 , the series was renewed for a second season .


query: Karan Johar made his directorial debut with Kuch Kuch Hota Hai.

document: Karan Johar -LRB- born 25 May 1972 -RRB- , often informally referred to as KJo , is an Indian film director , producer , screenwriter , costume designer , actor and television personality who is primarily known for his work in Hindi films . He is the son of Hiroo Johar and the acclaimed producer Yash Johar .   Johar made his directorial debut with the blockbuster romance Kuch Kuch Hota Hai -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , which earned him the Filmfare Awards for Best Director and Best Screenplay . His next two films were the ensemble dramas Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham ... -LRB- 2001 -RRB- and Kabhi Alvida Naa Kehna -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , which were both very successful in the overseas market . His counter-terrorism drama My Name Is Khan -LRB- 2010 -RRB- earned him his second Filmfare Award for Best Director . These , along with the several successful films he has produced under the Dharma Productions banner , have established him as one of the leading director-producers in Hindi cinema .


query: Deadpool is part of a franchise.

document: Deadpool is a 2016 American superhero film directed by Tim Miller and written by Rhett Reese and Paul Wernick , based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name . It is the eighth installment and a spin-off in the X-Men film series , and stars Ryan Reynolds as the titular character , as well as Morena Baccarin , Ed Skrein , T. J. Miller , Gina Carano , Leslie Uggams , Brianna Hildebrand , and Stefan Kapičić . In the film , antihero Deadpool hunts the man who nearly destroyed his life while also trying to reunite with his lost love .   Development began in February 2004 with New Line Cinema , but moved in March 2005 to 20th Century Fox who bought the film rights . In May 2009 , after Reynolds portrayed the character in X-Men Origins : Wolverine , to the general disappointment of fans , Fox lent the film to writers , and Miller was hired for his directorial debut in April 2011 . Enthusiastic acclaim for leaked CGI test footage by Miller in July 2014 led to Fox greenlighting the film in September . Additional casting began in early 2015 , and principal photography commenced in Vancouver from March to May .   Deadpool premiered in Paris on February 8 , 2016 , and was released on February 12 in the United States in IMAX , DLP , D-Box , and premium large format . Critics praised Reynolds ' performance as well as the film 's style , faithful depiction of the titular character , and action sequences , but criticized its plot as formulaic . It received various awards and nominations , including two Golden Globe Award nominations for Best Motion Picture -- Musical or Comedy and Best Actor -- Motion Picture Musical or Comedy , and a Producers Guild of America Award nomination for Best Theatrical Motion Picture . It also won two Critics ' Choice Movie Awards for Best Comedy and Best Actor in a Comedy .   The film was also a significant commercial success , grossing over $ 783million worldwide and breaking numerous box-office records , becoming the ninth highest-grossing film of 2016 , the highest-grossing R-rated film of all time when unadjusted for inflation , and the highest-grossing X-Men film . Shortly after the film 's success , Fox ordered development of a sequel scheduled to be released on June 1 , 2018 .


query: The naming of Pink Floyd for the band is credit to Syd Barrett.

document: Roger Keith `` Syd '' Barrett -LRB- 6 January 1946 -- 7 July 2006 -RRB- was a British musician , composer , singer-songwriter , and painter . Best known as a founder member of the band Pink Floyd , Barrett was the lead singer , guitarist and principal songwriter in its early years and is credited with naming the band . Barrett was excluded from Pink Floyd in April 1968 after David Gilmour took over as their new guitarist , and was briefly hospitalised amid speculation of mental illness .   Barrett was musically active for less than ten years . With Pink Floyd , he recorded four singles , their debut album -LRB- and contributed to the second one -RRB- , and several unreleased songs . Barrett began his solo career in 1969 with the single `` Octopus '' from his first solo album , The Madcap Laughs -LRB- 1970 -RRB- . The album was recorded over the course of a year with five different producers -LRB- Peter Jenner , Malcolm Jones , David Gilmour , Roger Waters and Barrett himself -RRB- . Nearly two months after Madcap was released , Barrett began working on his second and final album , Barrett -LRB- 1970 -RRB- , produced by Gilmour and featuring contributions from Richard Wright . Two years later , he left the music industry , retired from public life and strictly guarded his own privacy until his death in 2006 . In 1988 , an album of unreleased tracks and outtakes , Opel , was released by EMI with Barrett 's approval .   Barrett 's innovative guitar work and exploration of experimental techniques such as dissonance , distortion and feedback influenced many musicians . His recordings are also noted for their strongly English-accented vocal delivery . After leaving music , Barrett continued with painting and dedicated himself to gardening . Pink Floyd wrote and recorded several tributes to him , most notably the 1975 album Wish You Were Here , which included `` Shine On You Crazy Diamond '' , as homage to Barrett .


query: The Fifth Element was primarily set in the 23rd century.

document: The Fifth Element -LRB- Le Cinquième Élément -RRB- is a 1997 English-language French science-fiction action film directed and co-written by Luc Besson . It stars Bruce Willis , Gary Oldman and Milla Jovovich . Primarily set in the 23rd century , the film 's central plot involves the survival of planet Earth , which becomes the responsibility of Korben Dallas -LRB- Willis -RRB- , a taxicab driver and former special forces major , after a young woman -LRB- Jovovich -RRB- falls into his cab . Dallas joins forces with her to recover four mystical stones essential for the defence of Earth against an impending attack .   Besson started writing the story that became The Fifth Element when he was 16 years old ; he was 38 when the film opened in cinemas . Besson wanted to shoot the film in France , but suitable locations could not be found ; filming took place instead in London and Mauritania . Comics writers Jean `` Moebius '' Giraud and Jean-Claude Mézières , whose comics provided inspiration for parts of the film , were hired for production design . Costume design was by Jean Paul Gaultier .   The Fifth Element received mainly positive reviews , although it tended to polarize critics . It has been called both the best and worst summer blockbuster of all time . The film was a financial success , earning more than $ 263 million at the box office on a $ 90 million budget . At the time of its release it was the most expensive European film ever made , and it remained the highest-grossing French film at the international box office until the release of The Intouchables in 2011 .


query: Richard III of England died in the battle.

document: Richard III -LRB- 2 October 1452 -- 22 August 1485 -RRB- was King of England from 1483 until his death in 1485 , at the age of 32 , in the Battle of Bosworth Field . He was the last king of the House of York and the last of the Plantagenet dynasty . His defeat at Bosworth Field , the last decisive battle of the Wars of the Roses , marked the end of the Middle Ages in England . He is the subject of the historical play Richard III by William Shakespeare .   When his brother King Edward IV died in April 1483 , Richard was named Lord Protector of the realm for Edward 's son and successor , the 12-year-old Edward V . As the young king travelled to London from Ludlow , Richard met and escorted him to lodgings in the Tower of London , where Edward V 's own brother Richard of Shrewsbury joined him shortly afterwards . Arrangements were made for Edward 's coronation on 22 June 1483 ; but , before the young king could be crowned , his father 's marriage to his mother Elizabeth Woodville was declared invalid , making their children illegitimate and ineligible for the throne . On 25 June , an assembly of Lords and commoners endorsed the claims . The following day , Richard III began his reign , and he was crowned on 6 July 1483 . The young princes were not seen in public after August , and accusations circulated that the boys had been murdered on Richard 's orders , giving rise to the legend of the Princes in the Tower .   There were two major rebellions against Richard . The first , in October 1483 , was led by staunch allies of Edward IV and Richard 's former ally , Henry Stafford , 2nd Duke of Buckingham ; but the revolt collapsed . In August 1485 , Henry Tudor and his uncle , Jasper Tudor , led a second rebellion . Henry Tudor landed in southern Wales with a small contingent of French troops and marched through his birthplace , Pembrokeshire , recruiting soldiers . Henry 's force engaged Richard 's army and defeated it at the Battle of Bosworth Field in Leicestershire . Richard was struck down in the conflict , making him the last English king to die in battle on home soil and the first since Harold Godwinson -LRB- who was killed at the Battle of Hastings in 1066 -RRB- . Henry then ascended the throne as Henry VII .   After the battle Richard 's corpse was taken to Leicester and buried without pomp . His original tomb monument is believed to have been removed during the Reformation , and his remains were lost for more than five centuries , believed to have been thrown into the River Soar . In 2012 , an archaeological excavation was commissioned by the Richard III Society on a city council car park on the site once occupied by Greyfriars Priory Church . The University of Leicester identified the skeleton found in the excavation as that of Richard III as a result of radiocarbon dating , comparison with contemporary reports of his appearance , and comparison of his mitochondrial DNA with that of two matrilineal descendants of Richard III 's eldest sister , Anne of York . Richard 's remains were reburied in Leicester Cathedral on 26 March 2015 .


query: There are multiple films Eliza Dushka was part of.

document: Eliza Patricia Dushku -LRB- -LSB- ˈdʊʃkuː -RSB- born December 30 , 1980 -RRB- is an American actress and model known for her television roles , including starring as Faith on Buffy the Vampire Slayer and its spinoff series Angel . She starred in two Fox series , Tru Calling and Dollhouse . She is also known for her roles in films , including True Lies , The New Guy , Bring It On , Wrong Turn and Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back , as well as her voice work on video games .


query: Tim Rice worked on King David.

document: Sir Timothy Miles Bindon `` Tim '' Rice -LRB- born 10 November 1944 -RRB- is an English author and Academy Award , Golden Globe Award , Tony Award , and Grammy Award-winning lyricist . He is best known for his collaborations with Andrew Lloyd Webber , with whom he wrote Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat , Jesus Christ Superstar , and Evita ; with Björn Ulvaeus and Benny Andersson of ABBA , with whom he wrote Chess ; for additional songs for the 2011 West End revival of The Wizard of Oz ; and for his work for Walt Disney Studios with Alan Menken -LRB- Aladdin , Beauty and the Beast , King David -RRB- , Elton John -LRB- The Lion King , Aida , The Road to El Dorado -RRB- and Ennio Morricone .   One of the most celebrated lyricists in British popular culture , Rice was knighted by Elizabeth II for services to music in 1994 . He has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame , is an inductee into the Songwriter 's Hall of Fame , is a Disney Legend recipient , and is a fellow of the British Academy of Songwriters , Composers and Authors . The 2016 Sunday Times Rich List values Rice at # 150m ; the 15th richest music millionaire in the UK .


query: Antarctica is in a polar region.

document: Earth -LRB- from Eorðe -LSB- Γαῖα , Gaia -RSB- Terra -RRB- , otherwise known as the World or the Globe , is the third planet from the Sun and the only object in the Universe known to harbor life . It is the densest planet in the Solar System and the largest of the four terrestrial planets .   According to radiometric dating and other sources of evidence , Earth formed about 4.54 billion years ago . Earth 's gravity interacts with other objects in space , especially the Sun and the Moon , Earth 's only natural satellite . During one orbit around the Sun , Earth rotates about its axis over 365 times ; thus , an Earth year is about 365.26 days long . Earth 's axis of rotation is tilted , producing seasonal variations on the planet 's surface . The gravitational interaction between the Earth and Moon causes ocean tides , stabilizes the Earth 's orientation on its axis , and gradually slows its rotation .   Earth 's lithosphere is divided into several rigid tectonic plates that migrate across the surface over periods of many millions of years . About 71 % of Earth 's surface is covered with water , mostly by its oceans . The remaining 29 % is land consisting of continents and islands that together have many lakes , rivers and other sources of water that contribute to the hydrosphere . The majority of Earth 's polar regions are covered in ice , including the Antarctic ice sheet and the sea ice of the Arctic ice pack . Earth 's interior remains active with a solid iron inner core , a liquid outer core that generates the Earth 's magnetic field , and a convecting mantle that drives plate tectonics .   Within the first billion years of Earth 's history , life appeared in the oceans and began to affect the Earth 's atmosphere and surface , leading to the proliferation of aerobic and anaerobic organisms . Some geological evidence indicates that life may have arisen as much as 4.1 billion years ago . Since then , the combination of Earth 's distance from the Sun , physical properties , and geological history have allowed life to evolve and thrive . In the history of the Earth , biodiversity has gone through long periods of expansion , occasionally punctuated by mass extinction events . Over 99 % of all species that ever lived on Earth are extinct . Estimates of the number of species on Earth today vary widely ; most species have not been described . Over 7.4 billion humans live on Earth and depend on its biosphere and minerals for their survival . Humans have developed diverse societies and cultures ; politically , the world has about 200 sovereign states .


query: KJ Apa has played a character.

document: Keneti James Fitzgerald `` KJ '' Apa -LRB- born 16 June 1997 -RRB- is a New Zealand actor . He is known for playing Kane Jenkins in the New Zealand prime-time soap opera Shortland Street . In 2016 , he was cast as Archie Andrews in Riverdale after a four-month worldwide talent search . In 2015 , he was cast as young Ethan in A Dog 's Purpose , released in 2017 .


query: Flatland is part of the terrain of Kazakhstan.

document: Kazakhstan -LRB- -LSB- USkæzækˈstæn , _ ˌkɑːzɑːkˈstɑːn -RSB- , -LSB- ˌkæzəkˈstɑːn , _ - ˈstæn -RSB- Қазақстан , tr . Qazaqstan , -LSB- qɑzɑqˈstɑn -RSB- ; Казахстан , tr . Kazakhstan -RRB- , officially the Republic of Kazakhstan -LRB- Қазақстан Республикасы , tr . Qazaqstan Respwblïkası ; Республика Казахстан , tr . Respublika Kazakhstan -RRB- , is a transcontinental country in northern Central Asia and Eastern Europe . Kazakhstan is the world 's largest landlocked country , and the ninth largest in the world , with an area of 2,724,900 km ² . Kazakhstan is the dominant nation of Central Asia economically , generating 60 % of the region 's GDP , primarily through its oil/gas industry . It also has vast mineral resources .   Kazakhstan is officially a democratic , secular , unitary , constitutional republic with a diverse cultural heritage . Kazakhstan shares borders with Russia , China , Kyrgyzstan , Uzbekistan , and Turkmenistan , and also adjoins a large part of the Caspian Sea . The terrain of Kazakhstan includes flatlands , steppe , taiga , rock canyons , hills , deltas , snow-capped mountains , and deserts . Kazakhstan has an estimated 18 million people , Given its large land area , its population density is among the lowest , at less than 6 people per square kilometre -LRB- 15 people per sq. mi . -RRB- . The capital is Astana , where it was moved in 1997 from Almaty , the country 's largest city .   The territory of Kazakhstan has historically been inhabited by nomadic tribes . This changed in the 13th century , when Genghis Khan occupied the country as part of the Mongolian Empire . Following internal struggles among the conquerors , power eventually reverted to the nomads . By the 16th century , the Kazakh emerged as a distinct group , divided into three jüz -LRB- ancestor branches occupying specific territories -RRB- . The Russians began advancing into the Kazakh steppe in the 18th century , and by the mid-19th century , they nominally ruled all of Kazakhstan as part of the Russian Empire . Following the 1917 Russian Revolution , and subsequent civil war , the territory of Kazakhstan was reorganised several times . In 1936 , it was made the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic , part of the Soviet Union .   Kazakhstan was the last of the Soviet republics to declare independence during the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 . The current President , Nursultan Nazarbayev , has been leader of the country since then , and is characterised as authoritarian , with a government history of human rights abuses and suppression of political opposition . Kazakhstan has worked to develop its economy , especially its dominant hydrocarbon industry . Human Rights Watch says that `` Kazakhstan heavily restricts freedom of assembly , speech , and religion , '' and other human rights organisations regularly describe Kazakhstan 's human rights situation as poor .   Kazakhstan 's 131 ethnicities include Kazakhs -LRB- 63 % of the population -RRB- , Russians , Uzbeks , Ukrainians , Germans , Tatars , and Uyghurs . Islam is the religion of about 70 % of the population , with Christianity practised by 26 % ; Kazakhstan officially allows freedom of religion , but religious leaders who oppose the government are suppressed . The Kazakh language is the state language , and Russian has equal official status for all levels of administrative and institutional purposes .


query: Absolute Beginners starred a former child star.

document: Absolute Beginners is a 1986 British rock musical film adapted from Colin MacInnes ' book of the same name about life in late 1950s London . The film was directed by Julien Temple , featured David Bowie and Sade , and Patsy Kensit in one of her first mainstream roles . The film was screened out of competition at the 1986 Cannes Film Festival .   Upon release , Absolute Beginners received immense coverage in the British media . At the time , the British film industry was perceived as being on the point of collapse -LRB- with the recent failure of the film Revolution -RRB- . However , the film was panned by critics and became a box office bomb . Some of the criticisms included stylistic anachronisms , such as the mini-skirt and decidedly 1980s music from the likes of The Style Council and Sade , the bowdlerisation of Kensit 's character -LRB- Crepe Suzette had been depicted as a promiscuous `` negrophile '' in the book -RRB- , and the casting of Bowie , who made it a condition of his musical contribution . Although the film was not a success , Bowie 's theme song was very popular in the UK and reached number two in the charts .   The commercial failure of Absolute Beginners and another film released about the same time , The Mission , led to the collapse of Goldcrest , a major British film studio .


query: Jeff Hardy is a six-time world champion wrestler.

document: Jeffrey Nero Hardy -LRB- born August 31 , 1977 -RRB- is an American professional wrestler , singer-songwriter , painter and musician currently signed to WWE on the Raw brand , where he is one-half of the brand 's Tag Team Champions in his first reign .   Hardy is best known for his work during his first run in the World Wrestling Federation -LRB- WWF -RRB- , later renamed to World Wrestling Entertainment -LRB- WWE -RRB- , and he also worked for Total Nonstop Action Wrestling -LRB- TNA , now known as Impact Wrestling -RRB- . Before gaining prominence in WWE , Hardy performed for the Organization of Modern Extreme Grappling Arts -LRB- OMEGA -RRB- , a promotion he ran with his brother Matt .   After being signed by WWE , the brothers worked as enhancement talents , before gaining notoriety in the tag team division , partly due to their participation in Tables , Ladders and Chairs matches . With the addition of Lita , the team became known as Team Xtreme and continued to rise in popularity . As a tag team wrestler , Hardy is an ten-time world tag team champion -LRB- six World Tag Team Championships , one WCW Tag Team Championship , two TNA World Tag Team Championships , and one ROH World Tag Team Championship -RRB- -- all with his brother Matt . On the independent circuit , Jeff was also one-half of the OMEGA Tag Team Champions with Matt in their second reign and one-half of the The Crash Tag Team Champions with Matt in their first reign .   As a singles wrestler , Hardy is a six-time world champion , having held the TNA World Heavyweight Championship three times , the WWE Championship once , and WWE 's World Heavyweight Championship twice . Within WWE , he also held the Intercontinental Championship four times , the Light Heavyweight , and European Championships once each and the Hardcore Championship three times , making him the eighteenth Triple Crown Champion and the ninth Grand Slam Champion in company history . Between WWE , TNA , and ROH , Hardy has won 25 total championships .   Hardy is involved in motocross , music , painting , and other artistic endeavors . He is currently a member of the band PeroxWhy?Gen , with whom he has released two studio albums and one extended play .   Hardy , along with his brother Matt , returned to the WWE at WrestleMania 33 after an 8-year absence , winning the Raw Tag Team Championship , thus becoming a seven-time WWE tag team champion with his brother Matt .


query: Shakira is South American.

document: Barranquilla -LRB- -LSB- baraŋˈkiʝa -RSB- -RRB- is a city and municipality located in northern Colombia . It is the only major city in South America that was populated before its formal foundation . Barranquilla is located near the Caribbean Sea . The city is located in the Atlántico Department , of which it is the capital . Barranquilla is the largest city and port in the northern Caribbean Coast region of Colombia , with a population of 2,370,753 in its metropolitan area , which makes it Colombia 's fourth most populous city after Bogotá , Medellín and Cali .   Barranquilla lies strategically next to the delta of the Magdalena River , 7.5 km -LRB- originally 25 km before rapid urban growth -RRB- from its mouth at the Caribbean Sea , serving as port for river and maritime transportation within Colombia . It is also the main industrial , shopping , educational and cultural centre of the Caribbean Region of Colombia . The city is the core of the Metropolitan Area of Barranquilla , which also includes the municipalities of Soledad , Galapa , Malambo , and Puerto Colombia .   Barranquilla was legally established as a town on April 7 , 1813 , although it dated from at least 1629 . It grew into an important port , serving as a haven for immigrants from Europe , especially during and immediately following World War I and World War II , when waves of additional immigrants from the Middle East and Asia arrived . Barranquilla became Colombia 's principal port , and with its level of industrialization and modernity earned the city the nickname Colombia 's Golden Gate -LRB- Spanish : La Puerta de Oro de Colombia -RRB- . In the 1940s , Barranquilla was the second largest city in Colombia and one of the most modern cities in the Caribbean and in South America , while later , local administrations , due to widespread corruption in their ranks , brought about a decline in the standard of living . As government investment increased in other Colombian cities , Barranquilla 's national position was eclipsed .   The city is home to one of the most important folk and cultural festivals of Colombia , the Carnival of Barranquilla , which was declared a National Cultural Heritage by the Congress of Colombia in 2001 and recognized by UNESCO in 2003 .  Ernesto Cortissoz International Airport , built in Barranquilla in 1919 , was the first airport in South America . The city is served by domestic and international flights .