query: Back to the Future Part II is of a genre.

document: Science fiction film -LRB- or sci-fi -RRB- is a genre that uses speculative , fictional science-based depictions of phenomena that are not fully accepted by mainstream science , such as extraterrestrial lifeforms , alien worlds , extrasensory perception and time travel , along with futuristic elements such as spacecraft , robots , cyborgs , interstellar travel or other technologies . Science fiction films have often been used to focus on political or social issues , and to explore philosophical issues like the human condition . In many cases , tropes derived from written science fiction may be used by filmmakers ignorant of or at best indifferent to the standards of scientific plausibility and plot logic to which written science fiction is traditionally held .   The genre has existed since the early years of silent cinema , when Georges Melies ' A Trip to the Moon -LRB- 1902 -RRB- employed trick photography effects . The next major example in the genre was the film Metropolis -LRB- 1927 -RRB- - being the first feature length science fiction movie . From the 1930s to the 1950s , the genre consisted mainly of low-budget B movies . After Stanley Kubrick 's landmark 2001 : A Space Odyssey -LRB- 1968 -RRB- , the science fiction film genre was taken more seriously . In the late 1970s , big-budget science fiction films filled with special effects became popular with audiences after the success of Star Wars and paved the way for the blockbuster hits of subsequent decades .


query: Ben Affleck starred on a network.

document: Benjamin Geza Affleck-Boldt -LRB- born August 15 , 1972 -RRB- is an American actor and filmmaker . His accolades include two Academy Awards , three Golden Globe Awards , two BAFTA Awards and two Screen Actors Guild Awards . He began his career as a child and starred in the PBS educational series The Voyage of the Mimi -LRB- 1984 , 1988 -RRB- . He later appeared in the independent coming-of-age comedy Dazed and Confused -LRB- 1993 -RRB- and various Kevin Smith films including Chasing Amy -LRB- 1997 -RRB- and Dogma -LRB- 1999 -RRB- . Affleck gained wider recognition when he and childhood friend Matt Damon won the Golden Globe and Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for Good Will Hunting -LRB- 1997 -RRB- . He then established himself as a leading man in studio films including the disaster drama Armageddon -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , the romantic comedy Forces of Nature -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , the war drama Pearl Harbor -LRB- 2001 -RRB- and the thriller Changing Lanes -LRB- 2002 -RRB- .   After a career downturn , during which he appeared in Daredevil and Gigli -LRB- both 2003 -RRB- , Affleck received a Golden Globe nomination for his performance in the noir biopic Hollywoodland -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . His directorial debut , Gone Baby Gone -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , which he also co-wrote , was well received . He then directed , co-wrote , and starred in the crime drama The Town -LRB- 2010 -RRB- . For the political thriller Argo -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , which he directed and starred in , Affleck won the Golden Globe and BAFTA Award for Best Director , and the Golden Globe , BAFTA , and Academy Award for Best Picture . He starred in the psychological thriller Gone Girl -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . In 2016 , Affleck began playing Batman in the DC Extended Universe , starred in the action thriller The Accountant , and directed , wrote and acted in the gangster drama Live by Night .   Affleck is the co-founder of the Eastern Congo Initiative , a grantmaking and advocacy-based nonprofit organization . He is also a stalwart member of the Democratic Party . Affleck and Damon are co-owners of the production company Pearl Street Films . His younger brother is actor Casey Affleck , with whom he has worked on several films including Good Will Hunting and Gone Baby Gone . Affleck married actress Jennifer Garner in 2005 ; they have three children together . The couple announced their separation in 2015 and filed for divorce in early 2017 .


query: Dennis was a Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1999 to 2007.

document: John Dennis Hastert -LRB- -LSB- ˈhæstərt -RSB- born January 2 , 1942 -RRB- is an American former congressman who served as the 51st Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1999 to 2007 , representing from 1987 to 2007 . He is the longest-serving Republican Speaker of the House in history , and one of the highest-ranking politicians in U.S. history to have gone to prison .   Hastert grew up in rural Illinois . He graduated from Wheaton College with a degree in economics in 1964 and obtained an education degree from Northern Illinois University three years later . From 1965 to 1981 , Hastert was a high school teacher and coach . He lost a 1980 bid for the Illinois House of Representatives , but tried again and won a seat in 1981 . He was first elected to the United States House of Representatives in 1986 , and re-elected every subsequent election until he retired in 2007 . Hastert rose through the Republican ranks in the House , becoming chief deputy whip and eventually Speaker in 1999 . As Speaker of the House , Hastert supported the George W. Bush administration 's foreign and domestic policies . After Democrats took control of the House in 2007 following the 2006 election , Hastert chose not to seek the position of minority leader , resigned his House seat , and became a lobbyist at the firm of Dickstein Shapiro .   In May 2015 , Hastert was indicted on federal charges of structuring bank withdrawals to evade bank reporting requirements and making false statements to federal investigators . Federal prosecutors said that the money was to compensate for and conceal deliberately-unspecified misconduct by Hastert against an unnamed individual years earlier . Soon afterward , public accusations emerged that Hastert had sexually abused three male students -LRB- including the aforementioned unnamed individual -RRB- when he was a teacher more than three decades earlier .   In October 2015 , Hastert entered into a plea agreement with prosecutors . Under the agreement , Hastert pleaded guilty to the `` structuring '' charge -LRB- a felony -RRB- , and the charge of making false statements was dropped . In court submissions on sentencing considerations filed in April 2016 , federal prosecutors made allegations of sexual misconduct against Hastert , saying that he had molested at least four boys as young as 14 while he worked as a high school wrestling coach decades earlier . At the sentencing hearing later that month , Hastert admitted that he had sexually abused boys whom he coached . The judge in the case referred to Hastert as a `` serial child molester '' and imposed a sentence of fifteen months in prison , two years ' supervised release , and a $ 250,000 fine . He entered the Federal Medical Center prison in Rochester , Minnesota on June 22 , 2016 .


query: Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen grossed over 402 million dollars in North America.

document: Transformers : Revenge of the Fallen is a 2009 American science fiction action film directed by Michael Bay and executive produced by Steven Spielberg , based on the toy line of the same name created by Hasbro . It is the sequel to 2007 's Transformers , as well as the second installment in the live-action Transformers film series . Taking place two years after its predecessor , the plot revolves around Sam Witwicky , who is caught in the war between two factions of alien robots , the Autobots , led by Optimus Prime and the Decepticons , led by Megatron . Sam is having strange visions of Cybertronian symbols , and being hunted by the Decepticons under the orders of an ancient Decepticon named The Fallen , who seeks to get revenge on Earth by finding and activating a machine that would provide the Decepticons with an energon source , destroying the sun and all life on Earth in the process . Returning Transformers include Optimus Prime , Bumblebee , Ironhide , Ratchet , Megatron , Starscream , and Scorponok .   With deadlines jeopardized by possible strikes by the Directors Guild of America and the Screen Actors Guild , Bay managed to finish the production on time with the help of previsualization and a scriptment by his writers Roberto Orci , Alex Kurtzman , and series newcomer Ehren Kruger . Shooting took place from May to November 2008 , with locations in Egypt , Jordan , Pennsylvania , New Jersey , and California , as well as air bases in New Mexico and Arizona . This was the last film in the series to star Megan Fox , and was also the last film in the series to be co-produced by DreamWorks Pictures , leaving Paramount Pictures to become the distributor of its future films .   Revenge of the Fallen premiered on June 8 , 2009 in Tokyo and was released on June 24 , 2009 in the United States . Metacritic said the film received `` generally unfavorable reviews '' ; criticism was directed at its bland story , melodramatic acting , romantic scenes , crude humor , overall length , repetitive action sequences , abrupt ending , and Optimus Prime 's drastically decreased screen time compared to the previous film . However , critics praised the visual effects , music , and the voice performances of Hugo Weaving , Charlie Adler and Tony Todd . The film won three Golden Raspberry Awards at the 30th Golden Raspberry Awards ceremony , and became the highest-grossing film to win the Worst Picture award . The film grossed a total of $ 402.1 million in the US and Canada and $ 434.2 million in other territories , for a total of $ 836.3 million worldwide . It was the second highest-grossing film of 2009 in the US and Canada , 23rd domestically , the 44th highest-grossing film of all time and fourth highest of the year worldwide . With over 11 million home media sales in 2009 , it was also the top-selling film of the year in the United States . It was followed by Dark of the Moon in 2011 , and by Age of Extinction in 2014 . A fifth film , titled The Last Knight , is scheduled for a 2017 release .


query: Las Vegas is respectfully renowned.

document: Las Vegas -LRB- -LSB- lɑːs_ˈveɪɡəs -RSB- , Spanish for `` The Meadows '' -RRB- , officially the City of Las Vegas and often known simply as Vegas , is the 28th-most populated city in the United States , the most populated city in the state of Nevada , and the county seat of Clark County . The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert . Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city known primarily for its gambling , shopping , fine dining , entertainment , and nightlife . It is the leading financial , commercial , and cultural center for Nevada .   The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World , and is famous for its mega casino -- hotels and associated activities . It is a top three destination in the United States for business conventions and a global leader in the hospitality industry , claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any city in the world . Today , Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the world 's most visited tourist destinations . The city 's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City , and has made Las Vegas a popular setting for literature , films , television programs , and music videos .   Las Vegas was settled in 1905 and officially incorporated in 1911 . At the close of the 20th century , it was the most populated American city founded within that century -LRB- a similar distinction earned by Chicago in the 1800s -RRB- . Population growth has accelerated since the 1960s , and between 1990 and 2000 the population nearly doubled , increasing by 85.2 % . Rapid growth has continued into the 21st century , and according to a 2013 estimate , the population is 603,488 with a regional population of 2,027,828 .   `` Las Vegas '' is often used to describe areas beyond official city limits -- especially the areas on and near the Las Vegas Strip , which is actually located within the unincorporated communities of Paradise , Winchester , and Enterprise .


query: Adele was given a recording contract by XL Recordings.

document: English singer-songwriter Adele has received various awards and nominations . She is the recipient of nine Brit Awards , an Academy Award , a Golden Globe Award , fifteen Grammy Awards , eighteen Billboard Music Awards , five American Music Awards , and two Ivor Novello Awards for Songwriter of the Year .   Adele signed a contract with the record label XL Recordings in September 2006 . She won the BBC Sound of 2008 , an annual poll awarded to recognise newcomers in the music industry . Later in the same year , she released her debut album 19 , and won the Brit Awards for Critics ' Choice . Several singles were released from the album , including the Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance-winning song `` Chasing Pavements '' , which also garnered an MTV Video Music Award for Best Choreography nomination . Her 2007 song `` Hometown Glory '' was nominated for a Grammy Award in the Best Female Pop Vocal Performance category . At the 51st Annual Grammy Awards , she earned the Best New Artist award , with two additional nominations .   Adele 's second studio album 21 was released in January 2011 and held the top position for 24 weeks in the United States . Three of its singles `` Rolling in the Deep '' , `` Someone like You '' , and `` Set Fire to the Rain `` reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 . The former won three Grammy Awards -- Song of the Year , Record of the Year , and Best Short Form Music Video . `` Someone like You '' and `` Set Fire to the Rain '' won Best Pop Solo Performance at the 54th and 55th Annual Grammy Awards , respectively . Adele was awarded several other accolades , including the Echo Music Award and Grammy Award for Album of the Year , and won in 12 Billboard Music Award categories . In 2012 , she released `` Skyfall '' , a song of the 2012 James Bond film of the same name . The song won the Brit Award for Single of the Year ; the Academy Award , Critics ' Choice Award , and Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song ; and a Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media . Adele received five awards at the 2016 Billboard Music Awards , including one for her third studio album 25 . She also won the British Album of the Year at the 2016 Brit Awards , in addition to winning three other awards . The album also won Grammy Awards for Album of the Year and Best Pop Vocal Album , and the single `` Hello received Record of the Year , Song of the Year and Best Pop Solo Performance .


query: World War I involved one group of countries fighting another.

document: The Triple Entente -LRB- from French entente -LSB- ɑ̃tɑ̃t -RSB- `` friendship , understanding , agreement '' -RRB- was the understanding linking the Russian Empire , the French Third Republic , and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the signing of the Anglo-Russian Entente on 31 August 1907 . The understanding between the three powers , supplemented by agreements with Japan and Portugal , constituted a powerful counterweight to the Triple Alliance of Germany , Austria-Hungary and the Kingdom of Italy , though Italy did not side with Germany and Austria during World War I and joined the Entente Powers instead , in the 1915 Treaty of London .   Historians continue to debate the importance of the alliance system in igniting the Great War . At the start of World War I in 1914 , all three Triple Entente members entered it as Allies of World War I against the Central Powers , Germany and Austria-Hungary . However , it is important to note that the Triple Entente , in contrast to the Triple Alliance or the Franco-Russian Alliance , was not an alliance of mutual defence and Britain therefore felt free to make its own foreign policy decisions in the July crisis in 1914 .


query: License to Drive stars an American actress born in 1970.

document: License to Drive is a 1988 teen adventure film written by Neil Tolkin and directed by Greg Beeman in his feature film directorial debut . It stars Corey Haim , Corey Feldman , Heather Graham , Carol Kane , Richard Masur , Michael Manasseri and Nina Siemaszko .   The film was in production in late 1987 . It was released on July 6 , 1988 in the United States and grossed over $ 20 million at the North American box office . It was distributed by 20th Century Fox .


query: Don Henley has released albums.

document: Donald Hugh `` Don '' Henley -LRB- born July 22 , 1947 -RRB- is an American singer-songwriter , producer , and drummer , best known as a founding member of the Eagles before launching a successful solo career . Henley was the drummer and co-lead singer for the Eagles from 1971 to 1980 , when the band broke up , and from 1994 to 2016 , when they reunited . Henley sang the lead vocals on Eagles hits such as `` Witchy Woman '' , `` Desperado '' , `` Best of My Love '' , `` One of These Nights '' , `` Hotel California '' , `` Life in the Fast Lane '' , `` The Long Run '' and `` Get Over It '' .   After the Eagles broke up in 1980 , Henley pursued a solo career and released his debut album I Ca n't Stand Still , in 1982 . He has released five studio albums , two compilation albums , and one live DVD . His solo hits include `` Dirty Laundry '' , `` The Boys of Summer '' , `` All She Wants to Do Is Dance '' , `` The Heart of the Matter '' , `` The Last Worthless Evening '' , `` Sunset Grill '' , `` Not Enough Love in the World '' , and `` The End of the Innocence '' .   The Eagles have sold over 150 million albums worldwide , won six Grammy Awards , had five No. 1 singles , 17 Top 40 singles , and six No. 1 albums . They were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1998 and are the biggest selling American band in history . As a solo artist , Henley has sold over 10 million albums worldwide , had eight Top 40 singles , won two Grammy Awards and five MTV Video Music Awards . Combined with the Eagles and as a solo artist , Henley has released 25 Top 40 singles on the Billboard Hot 100 . He has also released seven studio albums with the Eagles and four as a solo artist . In 2008 , he was ranked as the 87th greatest singer of all time by the Rolling Stone magazine .   Henley has also played a founding role in several environmental and political causes , most notably the Walden Woods Project . From 1994 to 2016 , he divided his musical activities between the Eagles and his solo career .


query: Lee Harvey Oswald was arrested for a crime.

document: Lee Harvey Oswald -LRB- October 18 , 1939 -- November 24 , 1963 -RRB- was an American former U.S. Marine who was arrested for the assassination of United States President John F. Kennedy on November 22 , 1963 . According to four federal government investigations and one municipal investigation , These were investigations by : the Federal Bureau of Investigation -LRB- 1963 -RRB- , the Warren Commission -LRB- 1964 -RRB- , the House Select Committee on Assassinations -LRB- 1979 -RRB- , the Secret Service , and the Dallas Police Department . Oswald shot and killed Kennedy as the President traveled by motorcade through Dealey Plaza in the city of Dallas , Texas .   Oswald was honorably discharged from the Marine Corps and defected to the Soviet Union in October 1959 . He lived in the Belarusian city of Minsk until June 1962 , at which time he returned to the United States with Marina , his Russian-born wife , eventually settling in Dallas .   Following Kennedy 's assassination , Oswald was initially arrested for the murder of police officer J. D. Tippit , who was killed on a Dallas street about 45 minutes after Kennedy was shot . Oswald was later charged with the murder of Kennedy . He denied shooting anybody , saying that he was a `` patsy '' . Two days later , while being transferred from the city jail to the county jail , Oswald was fatally shot by Dallas nightclub owner Jack Ruby in full view of television cameras broadcasting live .   In September 1964 , the Warren Commission concluded that Oswald acted alone in assassinating Kennedy by firing three shots from the Texas School Book Depository . This conclusion was supported by previous investigations carried out by the FBI , the Secret Service , and the Dallas Police Department . Despite forensic , ballistic , and eyewitness evidence supporting the lone gunman theory , public opinion polls taken over the years have shown that most Americans believe that Oswald did not act alone , but conspired with others to kill the president . The assassination has spawned numerous conspiracy theories .


query: Gwen Stefani is a person.

document: Gwen Renée Stefani -LRB- -LSB- gwɛn_ˈstəˈfɑːni -RSB- born October 3 , 1969 -RRB- is an American singer , songwriter , fashion designer , actress , and television personality . She is the co-founder and lead vocalist of the band No Doubt that experienced major success after their breakthrough studio album Tragic Kingdom -LRB- 1995 -RRB- along with various successful singles , including `` Just a Girl '' , `` Do n't Speak '' , `` Hey Baby '' , and `` It 's My Life '' . During the band 's hiatus , Stefani embarked on a solo pop career in 2004 by releasing her debut studio album Love . Angel . Music . Baby . Inspired by pop music from the 1980s , the album was met with both critical and commercial success . It spawned three commercially successful singles : `` What You Waiting For ? '' , `` Rich Girl '' , and `` Hollaback Girl '' , the latter reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 while also becoming the first US download to sell one million copies . In 2006 Stefani released her second studio album The Sweet Escape . The album produced two successful singles : `` Wind It Up '' and the album 's title track `` The Sweet Escape '' . Her third solo album This Is What the Truth Feels Like was released in March 2016 and became her first solo number-one album on the Billboard 200 .   Stefani has won three Grammy Awards . As a solo artist she has received various accolades , including an American Music Award , Brit Award , World Music Award and two Billboard Music Awards . In 2003 , she debuted her clothing line L.A.M.B. and expanded her collection with the 2005 Harajuku Lovers line , drawing inspiration from Japanese culture and fashion . Stefani performs and makes public appearances with four back-up dancers known as the Harajuku Girls . She was married to British musician Gavin Rossdale from 2002 to 2015 and they have three sons . Billboard magazine ranked Stefani the 54th most successful artist and 37th most successful Hot 100 artist of the 2000 -- 09 decade . VH1 ranked her 13th on their `` 100 Greatest Women in Music '' list in 2012 . Including her work with No Doubt , Stefani has sold more than 30 million albums worldwide .


query: IBM invented the magnetic stripe card.

document: International Business Machines Corporation -LRB- commonly referred to as IBM -RRB- is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk , New York , United States , with operations in over 170 countries . The company originated in 1911 as the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company -LRB- CTR -RRB- and was renamed `` International Business Machines '' in 1924 .   IBM manufactures and markets computer hardware , middleware and software , and offers hosting and consulting services in areas ranging from mainframe computers to nanotechnology . IBM is also a major research organization , holding the record for most patents generated by a business -LRB- as of 2017 -RRB- for 24 consecutive years . Inventions by IBM include the automated teller machine -LRB- ATM -RRB- , the PC , the floppy disk , the hard disk drive , the magnetic stripe card , the relational database , the SQL programming language , the UPC barcode , and dynamic random-access memory -LRB- DRAM -RRB- . The IBM mainframe , exemplified by the System/360 , was the dominant computing platform during the 1960s and 1970s .   IBM has continually shifted its business mix by commoditizing markets focusing on higher-value , more profitable markets . This includes spinning off printer manufacturer Lexmark in 1991 and selling off its personal computer -LRB- ThinkPad/ThinkCentre -RRB- and x86-based server businesses to Lenovo -LRB- 2005 and 2014 , respectively -RRB- , and acquiring companies such as PwC Consulting -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , SPSS -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , and The Weather Company -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . Also in 2014 , IBM announced that it would go `` fabless '' , continuing to design semiconductors , but offloading manufacturing to GlobalFoundries .   Nicknamed Big Blue , IBM is one of 30 companies included in the Dow Jones Industrial Average and one of the world 's largest employers , with -LRB- as of 2016 -RRB- nearly 380,000 employees . Known as `` IBMers '' , IBM employees have been awarded five Nobel Prizes , six Turing Awards , ten National Medals of Technology and five National Medals of Science .


query: During World War II there was a military campaign that lasted 6 years.

document: World War II -LRB- often abbreviated to WWII or WW2 -RRB- , also known as the Second World War , was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945 , although related conflicts began earlier . It involved the vast majority of the world 's countries -- including all of the great powers -- eventually forming two opposing military alliances : the Allies and the Axis . It was the most widespread war in history , and directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries . In a state of `` total war '' , the major participants threw their entire economic , industrial , and scientific capabilities behind the war effort , erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources . Marked by mass deaths of civilians , including the Holocaust -LRB- in which approximately 11 million people were killed -RRB- and the strategic bombing of industrial and population centres -LRB- in which approximately one million were killed , and which included the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki -RRB- , it resulted in an estimated 50 million to 85 million fatalities . These made World War II the deadliest conflict in human history .   The Empire of Japan aimed to dominate Asia and the Pacific and was already at war with the Republic of China in 1937 , but the world war is generally said to have begun on 1 September 1939 with the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany and subsequent declarations of war on Germany by France and the United Kingdom . Supplied by the Soviet Union , from late 1939 to early 1941 , in a series of campaigns and treaties , Germany conquered or controlled much of continental Europe , and formed the Axis alliance with Italy and Japan . Under the Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact of August 1939 , Germany and the Soviet Union partitioned and annexed territories of their European neighbours , Poland , Finland , Romania and the Baltic states . The war continued primarily between the European Axis powers and the coalition of the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth , with campaigns including the North Africa and East Africa campaigns , the aerial Battle of Britain , the Blitz bombing campaign , the Balkan Campaign as well as the long-running Battle of the Atlantic . On 22 June 1941 , the European Axis powers launched an invasion of the Soviet Union , opening the largest land theatre of war in history , which trapped the major part of the Axis ' military forces into a war of attrition . In December 1941 , Japan attacked the United States and European colonies in the Pacific Ocean , and quickly conquered much of the Western Pacific .   The Axis advance halted in 1942 when Japan lost the critical Battle of Midway , near Hawaii , and Germany was defeated in North Africa and then , decisively , at Stalingrad in the Soviet Union . In 1943 , with a series of German defeats on the Eastern Front , the Allied invasion of Sicily and the Allied invasion of Italy which brought about Italian surrender , and Allied victories in the Pacific , the Axis lost the initiative and undertook strategic retreat on all fronts . In 1944 , the Western Allies invaded German-occupied France , while the Soviet Union regained all of its territorial losses and invaded Germany and its allies . During 1944 and 1945 the Japanese suffered major reverses in mainland Asia in South Central China and Burma , while the Allies crippled the Japanese Navy and captured key Western Pacific islands .   The war in Europe concluded with an invasion of Germany by the Western Allies and the Soviet Union , culminating in the capture of Berlin by Soviet troops and the subsequent German unconditional surrender on 8 May 1945 . Following the Potsdam Declaration by the Allies on 26 July 1945 and the refusal of Japan to surrender under its terms , the United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on 6 August and 9 August respectively . With an invasion of the Japanese archipelago imminent , the possibility of additional atomic bombings , and the Soviet Union 's declaration of war on Japan and invasion of Manchuria , Japan surrendered on 15 August 1945 . Thus ended the war in Asia , cementing the total victory of the Allies .   World War II altered the political alignment and social structure of the world . The United Nations -LRB- UN -RRB- was established to foster international co-operation and prevent future conflicts . The victorious great powers -- the United States , the Soviet Union , China , the United Kingdom , and France -- became the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council . The Soviet Union and the United States emerged as rival superpowers , setting the stage for the Cold War , which lasted for the next 46 years . Meanwhile , the influence of European great powers waned , while the decolonisation of Asia and Africa began . Most countries whose industries had been damaged moved towards economic recovery . Political integration , especially in Europe , emerged as an effort to end pre-war enmities and to create a common identity .


query: Bangalore was captured by the English.

document: Bangalore -LSB- bæŋɡəˈlɔːr -RSB- , officially known as Bengaluru -LRB- -LSB- ˈbeŋɡəɭuːɾu -RSB- -RRB- , is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka . It has a population of about and a metropolitan population of about , making it the third most populous city and fifth most populous urban agglomeration in India . It is located in southern India on the Deccan Plateau . Its elevation is over 3000 ft above sea level , the highest of India 's major cities .   A succession of South Indian dynasties , the Western Gangas , the Cholas and the Hoysalas , ruled the present region of Bangalore until in 1537 CE , Kempé Gowdā -- a feudal ruler under the Vijayanagara Empire -- established a mud fort considered to be the foundation of modern Bangalore . In 1638 , the Marāthās conquered and ruled Bangalore for almost 50 years , after which the Mughals captured and sold the city to the Mysore Kingdom of the Wadiyar dynasty . It was captured by the British after victory in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War -LRB- 1799 -RRB- , who returned administrative control of the city to the Maharaja of Mysore . The old city developed in the dominions of the Maharaja of Mysore and was made capital of the Princely State of Mysore , which existed as a nominally sovereign entity of the British Raj . In 1809 , the British shifted their cantonment to Bangalore , outside the old city , and a town grew up around it , which was governed as part of British India . Following India 's independence in 1947 , Bangalore became the capital of Mysore State , and remained capital when the new Indian state of Karnataka was formed in 1956 . The two urban settlements of Bangalore -- city and cantonment -- which had developed as independent entities merged into a single urban centre in 1949 . The existing Kannada name , Bengalūru , was declared the official name of the city in 2006 .   Bangalore is sometimes referred to as the `` Silicon Valley of India '' -LRB- or `` IT capital of India '' -RRB- because of its role as the nation 's leading information technology -LRB- IT -RRB- exporter . Indian technological organisations ISRO , Infosys , Wipro and HAL are headquartered in the city . A demographically diverse city , Bangalore is the second fastest-growing major metropolis in India . It is home to many educational and research institutions in India , such as Indian Institute of Science -LRB- IISc -RRB- , Indian Institute of Management -LRB- Bangalore -RRB- -LRB- IIMB -RRB- , National Institute of Fashion Technology , Bangalore , National Institute of Design , Bangalore -LRB- NID R&D Campus -RRB- , National Law School of India University -LRB- NLSIU -RRB- and National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences -LRB- NIMHANS -RRB- . Numerous state-owned aerospace and defence organisations , such as Bharat Electronics , Hindustan Aeronautics and National Aerospace Laboratories are located in the city . The city also houses the Kannada film industry .


query: Edgar Allan Poe was a person.

document: Edgar Allan Poe -LRB- -LSB- poʊ -RSB- born Edgar Poe ; January 19 , 1809 -- October 7 , 1849 -RRB- was an American writer , editor , and literary critic . Poe is best known for his poetry and short stories , particularly his tales of mystery and the macabre . He is widely regarded as a central figure of Romanticism in the United States and American literature as a whole , and he was one of the country 's earliest practitioners of the short story . Poe is generally considered the inventor of the detective fiction genre and is further credited with contributing to the emerging genre of science fiction . He was the first well-known American writer to try to earn a living through writing alone , resulting in a financially difficult life and career .   Poe was born in Boston , the second child of two actors . His father abandoned the family in 1810 , and his mother died the following year . Thus orphaned , the child was taken in by John and Frances Allan of Richmond , Virginia . They never formally adopted him , but Poe was with them well into young adulthood . Tension developed later as John Allan and Edgar repeatedly clashed over debts , including those incurred by gambling , and the cost of secondary education for the young man . Poe attended the University of Virginia for one semester but left due to lack of money . Poe quarreled with Allan over the funds for his education and enlisted in the Army in 1827 under an assumed name . It was at this time that his publishing career began , albeit humbly , with the anonymous collection of poems Tamerlane and Other Poems -LRB- 1827 -RRB- , credited only to `` a Bostonian '' . With the death of Frances Allan in 1829 , Poe and Allan reached a temporary rapprochement . However , Poe later failed as an officer cadet at West Point , declaring a firm wish to be a poet and writer , and he ultimately parted ways with John Allan .   Poe switched his focus to prose and spent the next several years working for literary journals and periodicals , becoming known for his own style of literary criticism . His work forced him to move among several cities , including Baltimore , Philadelphia , and New York City . In Richmond in 1836 , he married Virginia Clemm , his 13-year-old cousin . In January 1845 , Poe published his poem `` The Raven '' to instant success . His wife died of tuberculosis two years after its publication . For years , he had been planning to produce his own journal The Penn -LRB- later renamed The Stylus -RRB- , though he died before it could be produced . Poe died in Baltimore on October 7 , 1849 , at age 40 ; the cause of his death is unknown and has been variously attributed to alcohol , brain congestion , cholera , drugs , heart disease , rabies , suicide , tuberculosis , and other agents .   Poe and his works influenced literature in the United States and around the world , as well as in specialized fields such as cosmology and cryptography . Poe and his work appear throughout popular culture in literature , music , films , and television . A number of his homes are dedicated museums today . The Mystery Writers of America present an annual award known as the Edgar Award for distinguished work in the mystery genre .


query: Tupac is considered an influential rapper.

document: Tupac Amaru Shakur -LRB- -LSB- ˈtuːpɑːk_ʃəˈkʊər -RSB- ; born Lesane Parish Crooks ; June 16 , 1971September 13 , 1996 -RRB- , also known by his stage names 2Pac , Makaveli , and Pac , was an American rapper , record producer , actor , and poet . As of 2007 , Shakur has sold over 75 million records worldwide . His double disc albums All Eyez on Me and his Greatest Hits are among the best-selling albums in the United States . He has been listed and ranked as one of the greatest artists of all time by many publications , including Rolling Stone , which ranked him 86th on its list of The 100 Greatest Artists of All Time . He is consistently ranked as one of the greatest and most influential rappers of all time . On April 7 , 2017 , Shakur was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame .   Shakur began his career as a roadie , backup dancer , and MC for the alternative hip hop group Digital Underground , eventually branching off as a solo artist . Most of the themes in Shakur 's songs revolved around the violence and hardship in inner cities , racism , and other social problems . Both of his parents and several other people in his family were members of the Black Panther Party , whose ideals were reflected in his songs . During the latter part of his career , Shakur was a vocal participant during the East Coast -- West Coast hip hop rivalry , becoming involved in conflicts with other rappers , producers , and record-label staff members , most notably The Notorious B.I.G. and the label Bad Boy Records .   On September 7 , 1996 , Shakur was fatally shot in a drive-by shooting at the intersection of Flamingo Road and Koval Lane in Las Vegas , Nevada . He was taken to the University Medical Center of Southern Nevada , where he died six days later .


query: Gabrielle Union is in movies.

document: Gabrielle Monique Union -LRB- born October 29 , 1972 -RRB- is an American actress . She began her career in 1990s , appearing on television sitcoms , before landing supporting roles in teen comedy films She 's All That and 10 Things I Hate About You -LRB- 1999 -RRB- . Her breakthrough role was in the 2000 teen comedy film Bring It On , after which she was female lead in the short-lived CBS medical drama series City of Angels later that year .   Union is best known for her performances in the romantic comedy films The Brothers -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Deliver Us from Eva -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , Daddy 's Little Girls -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , Think Like a Man -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and Think Like a Man Too -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . She also had starring roles in Bad Boys II -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , Cradle 2 the Grave -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , the critically acclaimed Neo Ned -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , Cadillac Records -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , and Top Five -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . In 2013 , Union began starring as lead character in the BET drama series Being Mary Jane , for which she has received critical acclaim and an NAACP Image Award . She co-starred in film The Birth of a Nation -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , and next appeared in Almost Christmas -LRB- 2016 -RRB- and Sleepless -LRB- 2017 -RRB- .


query: Scabies has a crusted variety.

document: Scabies , previously known as the seven-year itch , is a contagious skin infestation by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei . The most common symptoms are severe itchiness and a pimple-like rash . Occasionally tiny burrows may be seen in the skin . When first infected , usually two to six weeks are required before symptoms occur . If a person develops a second infection later in life , symptoms may begin within a day . These symptoms can be present across most of the body or just certain areas such as the wrists , between fingers , or along the waistline . The head may be affected , but this is typically only in young children . The itch is often worse at night . Scratching may cause skin breakdown and an additional bacterial infection of the skin .   Scabies is caused by infection with the female mite Sarcoptes scabiei var . hominis . The mites burrow into the skin to live and deposit eggs . The symptoms of scabies are due to an allergic reaction to the mites . Often only between ten and fifteen mites are involved in an infection . Scabies is most often spread during a relatively long period of direct skin contact with an infected person -LRB- at least 10 minutes -RRB- such as that which may occur during sex . Spread of disease may occur even if the person has not developed symptoms yet . Crowded living conditions such as those found in child care facilities , group homes , and prisons increase the risk of spread . Areas with a lack of access to water also have higher rates of disease . Crusted scabies is a more severe form of the disease . It typically only occurs in those with a poor immune system and people may have millions of mites , making them much more contagious . In these cases spread of infection may occur during brief contact or via contaminated objects . The mite is very small and usually not directly visible . Diagnosis is based on the signs and symptoms .   A number of medications are available to treat those infected , including permethrin , crotamiton and lindane creams and ivermectin pills . Sexual contacts within the last month and people who live in the same house should also be treated at the same time . Bedding and clothing used in the last three days should be washed in hot water and dried in a hot dryer . As the mite does not live for more than three days away from human skin more washing is not needed . Symptoms may continue for two to four weeks following treatment . If after this time there continue to be symptoms retreatment may be needed .   Scabies is one of the three most common skin disorders in children , along with ringworm and bacterial skin infections . As of 2015 it affects approximately 204 million people -LRB- 2.8 % of the world population -RRB- . It is equally common in both sexes . The young and the old are more commonly affected . It also occurs more commonly in the developing world and tropical climates . The word scabies is from scabere , `` to scratch '' . Other animals do not spread human scabies . Infection in other animals is typically caused by slightly different but related mites and is known as sarcoptic mange .


query: The capital of Portugal is Lisbon.

document: Lisbon -LRB- -LSB- ˈlɪzbən -RSB- Lisboa , -LSB- liʒˈβoɐ -RSB- -RRB- is the capital and the largest city of Portugal , with a population of 552,700 within its administrative limits in an area of 100.05 km ² . Its urban area extends beyond the city 's administrative limits with a population of around 2.7 million people , being the 11th-most populous urban area in the European Union . About 2.8 million people live in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area -LRB- which represents approximately 27 % of the country 's population -RRB- . It is continental Europe 's westernmost capital city and the only one along the Atlantic coast . Lisbon lies in the western Iberian Peninsula on the Atlantic Ocean and the River Tagus . The westernmost areas of its metro area is the westernmost point of Continental Europe .   Lisbon is recognised as a global city because of its importance in finance , commerce , media , entertainment , arts , international trade , education and tourism . It is one of the major economic centres on the continent , with a growing financial sector and one of the largest container ports on Europe 's Atlantic coast . Humberto Delgado Airport serves over 20 million passengers annually , as of 2015 , and the motorway network and the high-speed rail system of Alfa Pendular link the main cities of Portugal . The city is the 7th-most-visited city in Southern Europe , after Istanbul , Rome , Barcelona , Madrid , Athens and Milan , with 1,740,000 tourists in 2009 . The Lisbon region contributes with a higher GDP PPP per capita than any other region in Portugal . It 's GDP amounts to 96.3 billion USD and thus $ 32,434 per capita , 40 % higher than the average European Union 's GDP per capita . The city occupies 32nd place of highest gross earnings in the world . Most of the headquarters of multinationals in the country are located in the Lisbon area . It is also the political centre of the country , as its seat of Government and residence of the Head of State .   Lisbon is one of the oldest cities in the world , and the oldest in Western Europe , predating other modern European capitals such as London , Paris and Rome by centuries . Julius Caesar made it a municipium called Felicitas Julia , adding to the name Olissipo . Ruled by a series of Germanic tribes from the 5th century , it was captured by the Moors in the 8th century . In 1147 , the Crusaders under Afonso Henriques reconquered the city and since then it has been a major political , economic and cultural centre of Portugal . Unlike most capital cities , Lisbon 's status as the capital of Portugal has never been granted or confirmed officially -- by statute or in written form . Its position as the capital has formed through constitutional convention , making its position as de facto capital a part of the Constitution of Portugal .   Lisbon enjoys a Mediterranean climate . It has one of the warmest winters of any metropolis in Europe , with average temperatures 15 ° C during the day and 8 ° C at night from December to February . The typical summer season lasts about four months , from June to September , although also in April temperatures sometimes reach around 25 ° C.


query: Walt Whitman volunteered during a war that was in a country.

document: Walter `` Walt '' Whitman -LRB- -LSB- ˈhwɪtmən -RSB- May 31 , 1819 -- March 26 , 1892 -RRB- was an American poet , essayist , and journalist . A humanist , he was a part of the transition between transcendentalism and realism , incorporating both views in his works . Whitman is among the most influential poets in the American canon , often called the father of free verse . His work was very controversial in its time , particularly his poetry collection Leaves of Grass , which was described as obscene for its overt sexuality .   Born in Huntington on Long Island , Whitman worked as a journalist , a teacher , a government clerk , and -- in addition to publishing his poetry -- was a volunteer nurse during the American Civil War . Early in his career , he also produced a temperance novel , Franklin Evans -LRB- 1842 -RRB- . Whitman 's major work , Leaves of Grass , was first published in 1855 with his own money . The work was an attempt at reaching out to the common person with an American epic . He continued expanding and revising it until his death in 1892 . After a stroke towards the end of his life , he moved to Camden , New Jersey , where his health further declined . When he died at age 72 , his funeral became a public spectacle .


query: Gregory Peck appeared in Spellbound.

document: Eldred Gregory Peck -LRB- April 5 , 1916 -- June 12 , 2003 -RRB- was an American actor who was one of the most popular film stars from the 1940s to the 1960s . Peck continued to play major film roles until the late 1980s . His performance as Atticus Finch in the 1962 film To Kill a Mockingbird earned him the Academy Award for Best Actor . He had also been nominated for an Oscar for the same category for The Keys of the Kingdom -LRB- 1944 -RRB- , The Yearling -LRB- 1946 -RRB- , Gentleman 's Agreement -LRB- 1947 -RRB- and Twelve O'Clock High -LRB- 1949 -RRB- . Other notable films he appeared in include Spellbound -LRB- 1945 -RRB- , Roman Holiday -LRB- 1953 -RRB- , Moby Dick -LRB- 1956 , and its 1998 miniseries -RRB- , The Guns of Navarone -LRB- 1961 -RRB- , Cape Fear -LRB- 1962 , and its 1991 remake -RRB- , How the West Was Won -LRB- 1962 -RRB- , The Omen -LRB- 1976 -RRB- and The Boys from Brazil -LRB- 1978 -RRB- .   President Lyndon Johnson honored Peck with the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1969 for his lifetime humanitarian efforts . In 1999 , the American Film Institute named Peck among Greatest Male Stars of Classic Hollywood cinema , ranking at No. 12 . He was named to the International Best Dressed List Hall of Fame in 1983 .


query: Courtney Love appeared in Man on the Moon.

document: Courtney Michelle Love -LRB- born Courtney Michelle Harrison ; born July 9 , 1964 -RRB- is an American singer , actress , writer , and visual artist . Prolific in the punk and grunge scenes of the 1990s , Love has enjoyed a career that spans four decades . She rose to prominence as the frontwoman of the alternative rock band Hole , which she formed in 1989 . Love has drawn public attention for her uninhibited live performances and confrontational lyrics , as well as her highly publicized personal life following her marriage to Kurt Cobain .   The daughter of Hank Harrison and psychotherapist Linda Carroll , Love had an itinerant early life . She spent her formative years in San Francisco and Portland , Oregon , where she was in a series of short-lived bands before being cast in two films by British director Alex Cox . After forming Hole in 1989 , she received substantial attention from underground rock press for the group 's debut album , produced by Kim Gordon . Hole 's second release , Live Through This -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , gave her high-profile renown with critical accolades and multi-platinum sales . In 1995 , Love returned to acting , earning a Golden Globe Award nomination for her performance as Althea Leasure in Miloš Forman 's The People vs. Larry Flynt -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , which established her as a mainstream actress . The following year , she saw further mainstream success with the release of Hole 's third album , Celebrity Skin -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , which was nominated for multiple Grammy Awards .   Love continued to work as an actress into the early 2000s , appearing in big-budget pictures such as Man on the Moon -LRB- 1999 -RRB- and Trapped -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , before releasing her first solo album , America 's Sweetheart , in 2004 . The next few years were marked by publicity surrounding Love 's legal troubles and drug addiction , which resulted in a mandatory lockdown rehabilitation sentence in 2005 while she was in the process of writing a second planned solo album . That project became Nobody 's Daughter , which was released in 2010 as a Hole album but without any other members of the original lineup . Between 2014 and 2015 , she released two solo singles and returned to acting in the network series Sons of Anarchy and Empire .   Love has also had endeavors in writing , co-creating and co-authoring three volumes of a manga , Princess Ai , between 2004 and 2006 , as well as a memoir , Dirty Blonde : The Diaries of Courtney Love -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . In 2012 , she premiered an exhibit of mixed media visual art titled And She 's Not Even Pretty .


query: Sally Field received a Golden Globe Award nomination.

document: Sally Margaret Field -LRB- born November 6 , 1946 -RRB- is an American actress and director . Field began her career on television , starring on the sitcoms Gidget -LRB- 1965 -- 66 -RRB- , The Flying Nun -LRB- 1967 -- 70 -RRB- , and The Girl with Something Extra -LRB- 1973 -- 74 -RRB- . She ventured into movies with Smokey and the Bandit -LRB- 1977 -RRB- and later Norma Rae -LRB- 1979 -RRB- , for which she received the Academy Award for Best Actress . She later received Golden Globe Award nominations for her performances in Absence of Malice -LRB- 1981 -RRB- and Kiss Me Goodbye -LRB- 1982 -RRB- , before receiving her second Academy Award for Best Actress for Places in the Heart -LRB- 1984 -RRB- . Field received further nominations for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress for Murphy 's Romance -LRB- 1985 -RRB- and Steel Magnolias -LRB- 1989 -RRB- .   In the 1990s , Field appeared in a wide range of films , including Not Without My Daughter -LRB- 1991 -RRB- and Mrs. Doubtfire -LRB- 1993 -RRB- , before being nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for Forrest Gump -LRB- 1994 -RRB- . In the 2000s , she returned to television with a recurring role on the NBC medical drama ER , for which she won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series in 2001 . From 2006 to 2011 , she portrayed the lead role of Nora Walker on the ABC television drama Brothers & Sisters , for which she received the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series in 2007 . Field later starred as Mary Todd Lincoln in Lincoln -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress , among other accolades . She also appeared as Aunt May in The Amazing Spider-Man -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and reprised the role in the 2014 sequel .   As a director , Field is known for the television film The Christmas Tree -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , an episode of the 1998 HBO miniseries From the Earth to the Moon as well as the feature film Beautiful -LRB- 2000 -RRB- . In 2014 , she was presented with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame .


query: Audrey Horne was introduced in a mystery television series.

document: Audrey Horne is a fictional character from the ABC television series Twin Peaks , played by Sherilyn Fenn . The character was created by David Lynch . She was introduced in the pilot . The daughter of Ben -LRB- Richard Beymer -RRB- and Sylvia Horne , sister of Johnny Horne -LRB- Robert Bauer -RRB- and half-sister of Donna Hayward -LRB- Lara Flynn Boyle -RRB- , her storylines focused on her infatuation with the series protagonist Dale Cooper -LRB- Kyle MacLachlan -RRB- , infiltrating the brothel/casino One Eyed Jacks and becoming an activist through civil disobedience .


query: Ayn Rand wrote plays.

document: Ayn Rand -LRB- -LSB- ˈaɪn_ˈrænd -RSB- born Alisa Zinov ` yevna Rosenbaum , Али́са Зино́вьевна Розенба́ум -- March 6 , 1982 -RRB- was a Russian-American novelist , philosopher , playwright , and screenwriter . She is known for her two best-selling novels , The Fountainhead and Atlas Shrugged , and for developing a philosophical system she called Objectivism . Educated in Russia , she moved to the United States in 1926 . She had a play produced on Broadway in 1935 -- 1936 . After two early novels that were initially unsuccessful in America , she achieved fame with her 1943 novel , The Fountainhead .   In 1957 , Rand published her best-known work , the novel Atlas Shrugged . Afterward , she turned to non-fiction to promote her philosophy , publishing her own magazines and releasing several collections of essays until her death in 1982 . Rand advocated reason as the only means of acquiring knowledge , and rejected faith and religion . She supported rational and ethical egoism , and rejected altruism . In politics , she condemned the initiation of force as immoral , and opposed collectivism and statism as well as anarchism , and instead supported laissez-faire capitalism , which she defined as the system based on recognizing individual rights . In art , Rand promoted romantic realism . She was sharply critical of most philosophers and philosophical traditions known to her , except for Aristotle , Thomas Aquinas , and classical liberals .   Literary critics received Rand 's fiction with mixed reviews , and academia generally ignored or rejected her philosophy , though academic interest has increased in recent decades . The Objectivist movement attempts to spread her ideas , both to the public and in academic settings . She has been a significant influence among libertarians and American conservatives .


query: Sigmund Freud was employed in the main city of Austria.

document: Sigmund Freud -LRB- -LSB- ` frɔɪd -RSB- ; -LSB- ˈziːkmʊnt ˈfʁɔʏt -RSB- ; born Sigismund Schlomo Freud ; 6 May 1856 -- 23 September 1939 -RRB- was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis , a clinical method for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst . Freud was born to Galician Jewish parents in the Moravian town of Freiberg , in the Austrian Empire . He qualified as a doctor of medicine in 1881 at the University of Vienna . Upon completing his habilitation in 1885 , he was appointed a docent in neuropathology and became an affiliated professor in 1902 . Freud lived and worked in Vienna , having set up his clinical practice there in 1886 . In 1938 Freud left Austria to escape the Nazis . He died in exile in the United Kingdom in 1939 .   In creating psychoanalysis , Freud developed therapeutic techniques such as the use of free association and discovered transference , establishing its central role in the analytic process . Freud 's redefinition of sexuality to include its infantile forms led him to formulate the Oedipus complex as the central tenet of psychoanalytical theory . His analysis of dreams as wish-fulfillments provided him with models for the clinical analysis of symptom formation and the underlying mechanisms of repression . On this basis Freud elaborated his theory of the unconscious and went on to develop a model of psychic structure comprising id , ego and super-ego . Freud postulated the existence of libido , an energy with which mental processes and structures are invested and which generates erotic attachments , and a death drive , the source of compulsive repetition , hate , aggression and neurotic guilt . In his later work Freud developed a wide-ranging interpretation and critique of religion and culture .   Though in overall decline as a diagnostic and clinical practice , psychoanalysis remains influential within psychology , psychiatry , and psychotherapy , and across the humanities . As such , it continues to generate extensive and highly contested debate with regard to its therapeutic efficacy , its scientific status , and whether it advances or is detrimental to the feminist cause . Nonetheless , Freud 's work has suffused contemporary Western thought and popular culture . In the words of W. H. Auden 's 1940 poetic tribute , by the time of Freud 's death , he had become `` a whole climate of opinion / under whom we conduct our different lives . ''


query: Christianity spread to India.

document: ChristianityFrom Ancient Greek Χριστός , Khristós -LRB- Latinized as Christus -RRB- , translating Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ , Māšîăḥ , meaning `` the anointed one '' , with the Latin suffixes - ian and - itas . is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ , who serves as the focal point for the religion . It is the world 's largest religion , with over 2.4 billion followers , or 33 % of the global population , known as Christians . Christians believe that Jesus is the Son of God and the savior of humanity whose coming as the Messiah -LRB- the Christ -RRB- was prophesied in the Old Testament .   Christian theology is summarized in creeds such as the Apostles ' Creed and Nicene Creed . These professions of faith state that Jesus suffered , died , was buried , descended into hell , and rose from the dead , in order to grant eternal life to those who believe in him and trust in him for the remission of their sins . The creeds further maintain that Jesus bodily ascended into heaven , where he reigns with God the Father in the unity of the Holy Spirit , and that he will return to judge the living and the dead and grant eternal life to his followers . His incarnation , earthly ministry , crucifixion and resurrection are often referred to as `` the gospel '' , meaning `` good news '' . `` Good news '' is a translation of the Ancient Greek term εὐαγγέλιον euangélion , from which the terms evangelical and evangelism derive . The term gospel also refers to written accounts of Jesus 's life and teaching , four of which -- Matthew , Mark , Luke and John -- are considered canonical and included in the Christian Bible .   Christianity is an Abrahamic religion that began as a Second Temple Judaic sect in the mid-1st century . Originating in Judea , it quickly spread to Europe , Syria , Mesopotamia , Asia Minor , Transcaucasia , Egypt , Ethiopia and India , and by the end of the 4th century had become the official state church of the Roman Empire . Following the Age of Discovery , Christianity spread to the Americas , Australasia , sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world through missionary work and colonization . Christianity has played a prominent role in the shaping of Western civilization .   Throughout its history , Christianity has weathered schisms and theological disputes that have resulted in many distinct churches and denominations . Worldwide , the three largest branches of Christianity are the Catholic Church , the Eastern Orthodox Church and the various denominations of Protestantism . The Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches broke communion with each other in the East -- West Schism of 1054 ; Protestantism came into existence in the Reformation of the 16th century , splitting from the Catholic Church .


query: Gwen Stefani is the co-founder of No Doubt along with others.

document: Gwen Renée Stefani -LRB- -LSB- gwɛn_ˈstəˈfɑːni -RSB- born October 3 , 1969 -RRB- is an American singer , songwriter , fashion designer , actress , and television personality . She is the co-founder and lead vocalist of the band No Doubt that experienced major success after their breakthrough studio album Tragic Kingdom -LRB- 1995 -RRB- along with various successful singles , including `` Just a Girl '' , `` Do n't Speak '' , `` Hey Baby '' , and `` It 's My Life '' . During the band 's hiatus , Stefani embarked on a solo pop career in 2004 by releasing her debut studio album Love . Angel . Music . Baby . Inspired by pop music from the 1980s , the album was met with both critical and commercial success . It spawned three commercially successful singles : `` What You Waiting For ? '' , `` Rich Girl '' , and `` Hollaback Girl '' , the latter reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 while also becoming the first US download to sell one million copies . In 2006 Stefani released her second studio album The Sweet Escape . The album produced two successful singles : `` Wind It Up '' and the album 's title track `` The Sweet Escape '' . Her third solo album This Is What the Truth Feels Like was released in March 2016 and became her first solo number-one album on the Billboard 200 .   Stefani has won three Grammy Awards . As a solo artist she has received various accolades , including an American Music Award , Brit Award , World Music Award and two Billboard Music Awards . In 2003 , she debuted her clothing line L.A.M.B. and expanded her collection with the 2005 Harajuku Lovers line , drawing inspiration from Japanese culture and fashion . Stefani performs and makes public appearances with four back-up dancers known as the Harajuku Girls . She was married to British musician Gavin Rossdale from 2002 to 2015 and they have three sons . Billboard magazine ranked Stefani the 54th most successful artist and 37th most successful Hot 100 artist of the 2000 -- 09 decade . VH1 ranked her 13th on their `` 100 Greatest Women in Music '' list in 2012 . Including her work with No Doubt , Stefani has sold more than 30 million albums worldwide .


query: Halle Berry is a spokesmodel for Revlon.

document: Halle Maria Berry -LRB- born Maria Halle Berry ; August 14 , 1966 -RRB- is an American actress . She won the 2002 Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in the romantic drama Monster 's Ball -LRB- 2001 -RRB- . As of 2017 , she is the only black woman to have won a Best Actress Academy Award .   Berry was one of the highest paid actresses in Hollywood during the 2000s and has been involved in the production of several of the films in which she performed . She is also a Revlon spokesmodel . Before becoming an actress , she started modeling and entered several beauty contests , finishing as the 1st runner-up in the Miss USA Pageant and coming in 6th place in the Miss World Pageant in 1986 . Her breakthrough film role was in the romantic comedy Boomerang -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , alongside Eddie Murphy , which led to roles in films such as the comedy The Flintstones -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , the political comedy-drama Bulworth -LRB- 1998 -RRB- and the television film Introducing Dorothy Dandridge -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , for which she won the Emmy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Actress , among many other awards .   In addition to her Academy Award win , Berry garnered high-profile roles in the 2000s such as Storm in the X-Men film series -LRB- beginning in 2000 -RRB- , the action crime thriller Swordfish -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , and the spy film Die Another Day -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , where she played Bond Girl Jinx . She then appeared in the X-Men sequels , X2 -LRB- 2003 -RRB- and X-Men : The Last Stand -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . In the 2010s , she appeared in movies such as the science fiction film Cloud Atlas -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , the crime thriller The Call -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and X-Men : Days of Future Past -LRB- 2014 -RRB- .   Berry was formerly married to baseball player David Justice , and singer-songwriter Eric Benét . She has a daughter by model Gabriel Aubry , and a son by actor Olivier Martinez .


query: Rock music incorporated music genres like a type of blues music distinguished by the use of electric amplification for musical instruments known as electric blues.

document: Rock music is a genre of popular music that originated as `` rock and roll '' in the United States in the early 1950s , and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later , particularly in the United Kingdom and the United States . It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll , a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues , and from country music . Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk , and incorporated influences from jazz , classical and other musical styles . Musically , rock has centered on the electric guitar , usually as part of a rock group with electric bass and drums and one or more singers . Typically , rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse-chorus form , but the genre has become extremely diverse . Like pop music , lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political .   By the late 1960s `` classic rock '' period , a number of distinct rock music subgenres had emerged , including hybrids like blues rock , folk rock , country rock , raga rock , and jazz-rock , many of which contributed to the development of psychedelic rock , which was influenced by the countercultural psychedelic and hippie scene . New genres that emerged included progressive rock , which extended the artistic elements ; glam rock , which highlighted showmanship and visual style ; and the diverse and enduring subgenre of heavy metal , which emphasized volume , power , and speed . In the second half of the 1970s , punk rock reacted by producing stripped-down , energetic social and political critiques . Punk was an influence in the 1980s on new wave , post-punk and eventually alternative rock . From the 1990s alternative rock began to dominate rock music and break into the mainstream in the form of grunge , Britpop , and indie rock . Further fusion subgenres have since emerged , including pop punk , rap rock , and rap metal , as well as conscious attempts to revisit rock 's history , including the garage rock/post-punk and synth-pop revivals at the beginning of the 2000s -LRB- decade -RRB- .   Rock music has also embodied and served as the vehicle for cultural and social movements , leading to major subcultures including mods and rockers in the UK and the hippie counterculture that spread out from San Francisco in the US in the 1960s . Similarly , 1970s punk culture spawned the goth and emo subcultures . Inheriting the folk tradition of the protest song , rock music has been associated with political activism as well as changes in social attitudes to race , sex and drug use , and is often seen as an expression of youth revolt against adult consumerism and conformity .


query: Count Basie formed a group.

document: William James `` Count '' Basie -LRB- August 21 , 1904 -- April 26 , 1984 -RRB- was an American jazz pianist , organist , bandleader , and composer . His mother taught him to play the piano and he started performing in his teens . Dropping out of school , he learned to operate lights for vaudeville and to improvise accompaniment for silent films at a local movie theater in his home town of Red Bank , New Jersey . By age 16 , he increasingly played jazz piano at parties , resorts and other venues . In 1924 , he went to Harlem , where his performing career expanded ; he toured with groups to the major jazz cities of Chicago , St. Louis and Kansas City . In 1929 he joined Bennie Moten 's band in Kansas City , and played with them until Moten 's death in 1935 .   In 1935 , Basie formed his own jazz orchestra , the Count Basie Orchestra , and in 1936 took them to Chicago for a long engagement and their first recording . He led the group for almost 50 years , creating innovations like the use of two `` split '' tenor saxophones , emphasizing the rhythm section , riffing with a big band , using arrangers to broaden their sound , and others . Many musicians came to prominence under his direction , including the tenor saxophonists Lester Young and Herschel Evans , the guitarist Freddie Green , trumpeters Buck Clayton and Harry `` Sweets '' Edison and singers Jimmy Rushing and Joe Williams .


query: Land Rover makes the Range Rover evoque car.

document: Land Rover is a car brand that specialises in four-wheel-drive vehicles , owned by British multinational car manufacturer Jaguar Land Rover , which has been owned by India 's Tata Motors since 2008 . The Land Rover is regarded as a British icon , and was granted a Royal Warrant by King George VI in 1951 .   The Land Rover name was originally used by the Rover Company for the Land Rover Series , launched in 1948 . It developed into a brand encompassing a range of four-wheel-drive models , including the Defender , Discovery , Freelander , Range Rover , Range Rover Sport , and Range Rover Evoque . Land Rovers are currently assembled in the company 's Halewood and Solihull plants , with research and development taking place at the Gaydon and Whitley engineering centres . Land Rover sold 194,000 vehicles worldwide in 2009 .   In September 2013 , Jaguar Land Rover announced plans to open a # 100 million -LRB- US$ 160 million -RRB- research and development centre in the University of Warwick , Coventry to create a next generation of vehicle technologies . The carmaker said around 1,000 academics and engineers would work there and that construction would start in 2014 .


query: Dwayne Johnson played football.

document: Dwayne Douglas Johnson -LRB- born May 2 , 1972 -RRB- , also known by his ring name , The Rock , is an American actor , producer , and professional wrestler . He holds both American and Canadian citizenships .   Born in California and raised in New Zealand and the U.S. states of Hawaii and Pennsylvania , Johnson was a college football player for the University of Miami , where he won a national championship on the 1991 Miami Hurricanes football team . He later played for the Calgary Stampeders in the Canadian Football League and was cut two months into the 1995 season . This led him to become a professional wrestler like his grandfather , Peter Maivia , and his father , Rocky Johnson , from whom he also inherited his Canadian citizenship .   Currently signed to WWE on a part-time contract , Johnson gained mainstream fame in the World Wrestling Federation -LRB- WWF , now WWE -RRB- from 1996 to 2004 as a major figure in the company 's Attitude Era , and was the first third-generation wrestler in the company 's history . He returned to wrestling part-time for WWE from 2011 to 2013 and continues to make sporadic non-wrestling appearances for the company . Johnson has 17 championship reigns in WWE , including 10 as a world champion , winning the WWF/WWE Championship eight times -LRB- seventh reign was as WWE Undisputed Champion -RRB- and the WCW/World Championship twice . He won the WWF Intercontinental Championship twice and the WWF Tag Team Championship five times . Johnson is the sixth Triple Crown Champion in WWE history and won the 2000 Royal Rumble . He is widely regarded as one of the greatest professional wrestlers of all time .   Johnson 's autobiography The Rock Says ... , co-written with Joe Layden , was published in 2000 . It debuted at No. 1 on The New York Times Best Seller list , spent 20 weeks on The New York Times bestseller list , and sold 720,000 copies in hardcover alone .   Johnson 's first leading film role was in The Scorpion King in 2002 . For this role , he was paid US$ 5.5 million , a world record for an actor in his first starring role . He has since appeared in various films , and become known for his ability to reinvigorate film franchises . One of his more prominent roles is Luke Hobbs in The Fast and the Furious franchise ; its most recent film , The Fate of the Furious , was released in 2017 and has grossed over $ 1.1 billion worldwide , making it the second highest-grossing film of 2017 and the twelfth highest-grossing film of all time . He hosted and produced The Hero , a reality competition series ; and has since continued to produce TV series and films through his production company Seven Bucks Productions , each of which he also stars in . Forbes listed Johnson No. 25 in the Top 100 Most Powerful Celebrities in 2013 . He was the world 's highest-paid actor of 2016 . Time named him one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2016 .  In 2015 , Muscle & Fitness named Johnson their `` Man of the Century '' .


query: Curse, Inc. is used by the fantasy game Rift.

document: Curse , Inc. is an online game portal and network of gaming websites founded by Hubert Thieblot in 2006 . The company is headquartered in Huntsville , Alabama , and has offices in San Francisco , New York City , Los Angeles , Brighton , UK , and Berlin , Germany . Claiming to be the `` number one resource for core online gamers , '' Quantcast estimated monthly unique traffic in 2013 in excess of 30 million visitors . Curse has several primary functions , the most notable of which include an add-on and modification service called Curse Client for such games as World of Warcraft , Rift , The Elder Scrolls V : Skyrim , Terraria , Kerbal Space Program , and Minecraft , a collection of over 1000 gaming wikis known as Gamepedia , and a Voice over IP -LRB- VoIP -RRB- service called Curse Voice .   Curse formerly sponsored a professional team , known collectively as Team Curse , that competed in League of Legends and Call of Duty '' , which in addition to various high-profile wins have garnered sponsorship from companies such as Nissan , Alienware , and Cooler Master . In January 2015 Team Curse merged with Team Liquid under the name of the latter organization .   While Curse initially offered modifications and add-ons alone through their Curse-Beta website , offerings have expanded to include Wiki services , the Curse client , CurseForge , CurseVoice , Union for Gamers , BukkitDev , and in-house content produced for YouTube .   On August 16 , 2016 , Curse announced that it had agreed to be acquired by Amazon.com Inc. via its subsidiary Twitch Interactive for an undisclosed amount .


query: Mr. Freeze can be seen in American comic books.

document: Mr. Freeze -LRB- Victor Fries -RRB- is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics , commonly as an adversary of the superhero Batman . Created by Bob Kane , David Wood , and Sheldon Moldoff , the character first appeared in Batman # 121 -LRB- February 1959 -RRB- , where he was known as Mr. Zero . Mr. Freeze is one of Batman 's most enduring enemies and belongs to the collective of adversaries that make up Batman 's rogues gallery .   In the most common variation of his origin story , he is a former cryogenics expert in Gotham City who was involved in a laboratory accident while attempting to cure his terminally ill wife Nora Fries . The disaster lowered his body temperature to the point that he must wear a cryogenic suit in order to survive , and he utilizes a `` freeze gun '' that freezes its targets solid .   Mr. Freeze was played by George Sanders , Otto Preminger , and Eli Wallach in the original Batman television series , by Arnold Schwarzenegger in the 1997 film Batman & Robin , and by Nathan Darrow on the TV series Gotham . He was voiced by Michael Ansara in Batman : The Animated Series , by Clancy Brown in The Batman , and by Maurice LaMarche in the Batman : Arkham video game franchise .   IGN 's list of the Top 100 Comic Book Villains of All Time List ranked Mr. Freeze as # 67 .


query: Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales was delayed due to script and budget issues.

document: Pirates of the Caribbean : Dead Men Tell No Tales -LRB- also known as Pirates of the Caribbean : Salazar 's Revenge -RRB- is a 2017 American fantasy swashbuckler film , the fifth installment in the Pirates of the Caribbean film series and the sequel to On Stranger Tides -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . The film is directed by Joachim Rønning and Espen Sandberg from a script by Jeff Nathanson , with Jerry Bruckheimer serving again as producer . Johnny Depp , Kevin McNally and Geoffrey Rush reprise their roles as Jack Sparrow , Joshamee Gibbs and Hector Barbossa , respectively . The film also stars Javier Bardem as Armando Salazar , Brenton Thwaites as Henry Turner and Kaya Scodelario as Carina Smyth . The film also features the returns of Orlando Bloom and Keira Knightley as Will Turner and Elizabeth Swann respectively , following their absence from the previous movie , On Stranger Tides .   The filmmakers cited the first installment , The Curse of the Black Pearl -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , as inspiration for the script and tone of the film . Pre-production for the film started shortly before On Stranger Tides was released in early 2011 , with Terry Rossio writing a script for the film . In early 2013 , Jeff Nathanson was hired to write a new script , with Depp being involved in Nathanson 's writing process . Initially planned for a 2015 release , the film was delayed to 2016 and then to 2017 , due to script and budget issues . Principal photography started in Australia in February 2015 , after the Australian government offered Disney $ 20 million of tax incentives , and ended in July 2015 . It was released in conventional , Disney Digital 3-D , RealD 3D and IMAX 3D formats on May 26 , 2017 , received mixed reviews and has grossed $ 365 million worldwide .


query: Donnie Wahlberg is the executive producer of Boston's Finest.

document: Donald Edmond `` Donnie '' Wahlberg Jr. . -LRB- born August 17 , 1969 -RRB- is an American singer , songwriter , actor , record producer , and film producer . He is a founding member of the boy band New Kids on the Block . Outside of music , he has had roles in the Saw films , The Sixth Sense , Dreamcatcher , and Righteous Kill , also appearing in the World War II miniseries Band of Brothers as First Lieutenant Carwood Lipton . From 2002 to 2003 , he starred in the crime drama Boomtown . He has been starring in the drama series Blue Bloods as Danny Reagan with Tom Selleck -LRB- his TV father -RRB- and Bridget Moynahan -LRB- his TV sister -RRB- since 2010 , and since 2014 is an executive producer of the TNT reality television show Boston 's Finest . He was nominated for Choice Scream at the 2008 Teen Choice Awards for his work in the Saw films . He has also produced and starred in `` Rock this Boat '' , `` Donnie Loves Jenny '' and `` Return of the Mac '' on Pop TV .


query: Muhammad Ali was ranked greatest athlete of the 20th century.

document: Muhammad Ali -LRB- -LSB- ɑːˈliː -RSB- born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr. ; January 17 , 1942 -- June 3 , 2016 -RRB- was an American professional boxer and activist . He is widely regarded as one of the most significant and celebrated sports figures of the 20th century . From early in his career , Ali was known as an inspiring , controversial , and polarizing figure both inside and outside the ring .   Cassius Clay was born and raised in Louisville , Kentucky , and began training as an amateur boxer when he was 12 years old . At age 18 , he won a gold medal in the light heavyweight division at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome and turned professional later that year . At age 22 in 1964 , he won the WBA , WBC , and lineal heavyweight titles from Sonny Liston in a big upset . Clay then converted to Islam and changed his name from Cassius Clay , which he called his `` slave name '' , to Muhammad Ali . He set an example of racial pride for African Americans and resistance to white domination during the Civil Rights Movement .   In 1966 , two years after winning the heavyweight title , Ali further antagonized the white establishment by refusing to be drafted into the U.S. military , citing his religious beliefs and opposition to American involvement in the Vietnam War . He was eventually arrested , found guilty of draft evasion charges , and stripped of his boxing titles . He successfully appealed the decision to the U.S. Supreme Court , which overturned his conviction in 1971 , by which time he had not fought for nearly four years and thereby lost a period of peak performance as an athlete . Ali 's actions as a conscientious objector to the war made him an icon for the larger counterculture generation .   Ali is regarded as one of the leading heavyweight boxers of the 20th century . He remains the only three-time lineal heavyweight champion , having won the title in 1964 , 1974 , and 1978 . Between February 25 and September 19 , 1964 , Ali reigned as the undisputed heavyweight champion . He is the only boxer to be named The Ring magazine Fighter of the Year six times . He was ranked as the greatest athlete of the 20th century by Sports Illustrated , the Sports Personality of the Century by the BBC , and the third greatest athlete of the 20th century by ESPN SportsCentury . Nicknamed `` The Greatest '' , he was involved in several historic boxing matches . Notable among these were the first Liston fight ; the `` Fight of the Century '' , `` Super Fight II '' , the `` Thrilla in Manila '' versus his rival Joe Frazier , and `` The Rumble in the Jungle '' versus George Foreman .   At a time when most fighters let their managers do the talking , Ali thrived in and indeed craved the spotlight , where he was often provocative and outlandish . He was known for trash talking , and often freestyled with rhyme schemes and spoken word poetry , both for his trash talking in boxing and as political poetry for his activism , anticipating elements of rap and hip hop music . As a musician , Ali recorded two spoken word albums and a rhythm and blues song , and received two Grammy Award nominations . As an actor , he performed in several films and a Broadway musical . Additionally , Ali wrote two autobiographies , one during and one after his boxing career .   As a Muslim , Ali was initially affiliated with Elijah Muhammad 's Nation of Islam -LRB- NOI -RRB- and advocated their black separatist ideology . He later disavowed the NOI , adhering initially to Sunni Islam and later to Sufism , and supporting racial integration , like his former mentor Malcolm X.   After retiring from boxing in 1981 , Ali devoted his life to religious and charitable work . In 1984 , Ali was diagnosed with Parkinson 's syndrome , which his doctors attributed to boxing-related brain injuries . As the condition worsened , Ali made limited public appearances and was cared for by his family until his death on June 3 , 2016 , in Scottsdale , Arizona .


query: Owen Wilson stars in The Royal Tenenbaums.

document: The Royal Tenenbaums is a 2001 American comedy-drama film directed by Wes Anderson and co-written with Owen Wilson . The film stars Danny Glover , Gene Hackman , Anjelica Huston , Bill Murray , Gwyneth Paltrow , Ben Stiller , Luke Wilson , and Owen Wilson .   It follows the lives of three gifted siblings who experience great success in youth , and even greater disappointment and failure after their eccentric father leaves them in their adolescent years . An ironic and absurdist sense of humor pervades the film .   The Royal Tenenbaums received positive reviews from critics . Hackman won a Golden Globe for his performance , and the screenplay was nominated for an Academy Award . In a 2016 poll of international critics conducted by BBC , The Royal Tenenbaums was voted one of the 100 greatest motion pictures since 2000 .


query: Just Dance was a song that gained success gradually.

document: `` Just Dance '' is the debut single by American singer Lady Gaga . The song was produced by RedOne and co-written by RedOne , Gaga and Akon , while also featuring labelmate Colby O'Donis . It was released in 2008 as the lead single from Gaga 's debut studio album , The Fame . The song was written by Gaga in ten minutes as `` a happy record '' . `` Just Dance '' also has influences of R&B and lyrically speaks about being intoxicated at a club .   The song received positive reviews from music critics , who complimented its club anthem-like nature and the synthpop associated with it . The song topped the charts in the United States , Australia , Canada , the Republic of Ireland , the Netherlands and the United Kingdom , as well as reaching the top ten in many other countries . In the United States , `` Just Dance '' was a sleeper hit , spending almost five months on the Billboard Hot 100 before finally reaching the summit of the chart in January 2009 , after being released in April 2008 . The single is among the best-selling singles of all time , having sold over 10 million copies .   The music video of the song portrayed Lady Gaga appearing in a party where she plays the song , prompting party-goers to start dancing in enjoyment . Gaga compared her experience of shooting the video with being on a Martin Scorsese set . `` Just Dance '' was performed by Gaga in a number of live appearances including all of her concert tours . In 2009 , the song received a Grammy nomination in the Best Dance Recording category but lost to electronic duo Daft Punk for their song `` Harder , Better , Faster , Stronger -LRB- Alive 2007 -RRB- '' .


query: Destiny received mixed to positive reviews upon its release in 2014.

document: Destiny is an online-only multiplayer first-person shooter video game developed by Bungie and published by Activision . It was released worldwide on September 9 , 2014 , for the PlayStation 3 , PlayStation 4 , Xbox 360 , and Xbox One consoles . Destiny marked Bungie 's first new console franchise since the Halo series , and it is the first game in a ten-year agreement between Bungie and Activision . Set in a `` mythic science fiction '' world , the game features a multiplayer `` shared-world '' environment with elements of role-playing games . Activities in Destiny are divided among player versus environment -LRB- PvE -RRB- and player versus player -LRB- PvP -RRB- game types . In addition to normal story missions , PvE features three-player `` strikes '' and six-player raids . A free roam patrol mode is also available for each planet and features public events . PvP features objective-based modes , as well as traditional deathmatch game modes .   Players take on the role of a Guardian , protectors of Earth 's last safe city as they wield a power called Light to protect the City from different alien races . Guardians are tasked with reviving a celestial being called the Traveler , while journeying to different planets to investigate and destroy the alien threats before humanity is completely wiped out . Bungie released four expansion packs , furthering the story , and adding new content , missions , and new PvP modes . Year One of Destiny featured two small expansions , The Dark Below in December 2014 and House of Wolves in May 2015 . A third , larger expansion , The Taken King , was released in September 2015 and marked the beginning of Year Two , changing much of the core gameplay . In December 2015 , Destiny shifted to an event-based model , featuring more limited-time events . A new , large expansion called Rise of Iron was released in September 2016 , beginning Year Three . Rise of Iron was only released for the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One ; PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 clients subsequently stopped receiving updates . A full sequel , Destiny 2 , is scheduled for September 2017 .   Upon its release , Destiny received mixed to positive reviews with criticism centered mostly around the game 's storyline and post-campaign content . The game was praised for maintaining lineage from the Halo franchise , particularly in regards to its competitive experiences . On day one of its release , it sold over US$ 500 million at retail , making it the biggest new franchise launch of all time . It was GamesRadar 's 2014 Game of the Year and it received the BAFTA Award for Best Game at the 2014 British Academy Video Games Awards .


query: Macaulay Culkin acted in Home Alone.

document: Macaulay Carson Culkin -LRB- born August 26 , 1980 -RRB- is an American actor . He became famous as a child actor for his role as Kevin McCallister in the family comedy Home Alone -LRB- 1990 -RRB- and its sequel Home Alone 2 : Lost in New York -LRB- 1992 -RRB- . He is also known for his roles in Uncle Buck -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , My Girl -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , The Good Son -LRB- 1993 -RRB- , The Pagemaster -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , Richie Rich -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , Party Monster -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , and the music video for Michael Jackson 's `` Black or White '' . At the height of his fame , he was regarded as the most successful child actor since Shirley Temple . Culkin ranked at number two on VH1 's list of the `` 100 Greatest Kid-Stars '' and E! 's list of the `` 50 Greatest Child Stars '' .


query: George Orwell is a person.

document: Eric Arthur Blair -LRB- 25 June 1903 -- 21 January 1950 -RRB- , better known by his pen name George Orwell , was an English novelist , essayist , journalist , and critic . His work is marked by lucid prose , awareness of social injustice , opposition to totalitarianism , and outspoken support of democratic socialism .   Orwell wrote literary criticism , poetry , fiction , and polemical journalism . He is best known for the allegorical novella Animal Farm -LRB- 1945 -RRB- and the dystopian novel Nineteen Eighty-Four -LRB- 1949 -RRB- . His non-fiction works , including The Road to Wigan Pier -LRB- 1937 -RRB- , documenting his experience of working class life in the north of England , and Homage to Catalonia -LRB- 1938 -RRB- , an account of his experiences in the Spanish Civil War , are widely acclaimed , as are his essays on politics , literature , language , and culture . In 2008 , The Times ranked him second on a list of `` The 50 greatest British writers since 1945 '' .   Orwell 's work continues to influence popular and political culture , and the term Orwellian -- descriptive of totalitarian or authoritarian social practices -- has entered the language together with many of his neologisms , including cold war , Big Brother , Thought Police , Room 101 , memory hole , newspeak , doublethink , and thoughtcrime .


query: Anne Hathaway has worked with other actors.

document: Rio 2 is a 2014 American 3D computer-animated musical comedy film produced by Blue Sky Studios and directed by Carlos Saldanha . It is the sequel to the 2011 computer-animated film Rio and the studio 's first film to have a sequel outside of their existing Ice Age franchise . The title refers to the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro , where the first film was set and Rio 2 begins , though most of its plot occurs in the Amazon rainforest . Featuring the returning voices of Jesse Eisenberg , Anne Hathaway , will.i.am , Jamie Foxx , George Lopez , Tracy Morgan , Jemaine Clement , Leslie Mann , Rodrigo Santoro , and Jake T. Austin , the film was released internationally on March 20 , 2014 , and on April 11 , 2014 , in American theaters .


query: Kung Fu Panda 3 had the involvement of an American actor.

document: Kung Fu Panda 3 is a 2016 Chinese-American 3D computer-animated action-comedy martial arts film produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by 20th Century Fox . It is the third installment in the Kung Fu Panda franchise , and the sequel to Kung Fu Panda 2 -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . In the film , Po enters the panda village and reunites with his birth father and other pandas , but problems arise when a villainous spirit warrior , named Kai , returns to the mortal realm and steals chi from the kung fu masters . To prevent Kai from taking chi from all kung fu masters and pandas , Po forms the army of pandas to battle Kai 's jade minions and Po must become a master of chi to defeat him and save his friends .   The film was directed by Jennifer Yuh Nelson and Alessandro Carloni , written by Jonathan Aibel and Glenn Berger , produced by Melissa Cobb , and executive produced by Guillermo del Toro . Jack Black , Dustin Hoffman , Angelina Jolie , Lucy Liu , Seth Rogen , David Cross , Jackie Chan and James Hong reprise their roles from the previous films with Randall Duk Kim reprising his role of Oogway from the first Kung Fu Panda film -LRB- 2008 -RRB- . They are joined by Bryan Cranston , J. K. Simmons and Kate Hudson in the roles of Li Shan , Kai , and Mei Mei , respectively .   Kung Fu Panda 3 received a limited release in China on January 23 for a special three-hour sneak preview and was released starting from January 28 in South Korea and Russia . It was released in theatres across the United States and Canada on January 29 in 3D , and on March 11 in the United Kingdom . The film grossed $ 521 million worldwide .


query: Delta Air Lines is the operator of a regional service.

document: Delta Air Lines , Inc. -LRB- `` Delta '' ; -RRB- is a major American airline , with its headquarters and largest hub at Hartsfield -- Jackson Atlanta International Airport in Atlanta , Georgia . The airline along with its subsidiaries and regional affiliates operate over 5,400 flights daily and serve an extensive domestic and international network that includes 319 destinations in 54 countries on six continents , as of October 2016 . Delta is one of the four founding members of the SkyTeam airline alliance , and operates joint ventures with Air France-KLM , Alitalia , Korean Air , China Eastern Airlines , Virgin Atlantic , and Virgin Australia . Regional service is operated under the brand name Delta Connection .   One of the five remaining legacy carriers , Delta is the sixth-oldest operating airline by foundation date , and the oldest airline still operating in the United States . The company 's history can be traced back to Huff Daland Dusters , founded in 1924 in Macon , Georgia as a crop dusting operation . The company moved to Monroe , Louisiana , and was later renamed Delta Air Services , in reference to the nearby Mississippi Delta region , and commenced passenger services on June 17 , 1929 . Among predecessors of today 's Delta Air Lines , Western Airlines and Northwest Airlines began flying passengers in 1926 and 1927 , respectively .   In 2013 , Delta Air Lines was the world 's largest airline in terms of scheduled passengers carried -LRB- 120.6 million -RRB- , and the second-largest in terms of both revenue passenger-kilometers flown -LRB- 277.6 billion -RRB- and capacity -LRB- 4.4 billion ASM/week ; March 2013 -RRB- .


query: Jesse Eisenberg starred in a TV series directed by Greg Mottola.

document: Jesse Adam Eisenberg -LRB- born October 5 , 1983 -RRB- is an American actor , author and playwright . Born and raised in New York City , Eisenberg began acting in plays at an early age , and made his television debut with the short-lived comedy-drama series Get Real -LRB- 1999 -- 2000 -RRB- . Following his first leading role in the comedy-drama film Roger Dodger -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , he appeared in the drama film The Emperor 's Club -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , the psychological thriller film The Village -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , the comedy-drama film The Squid and the Whale -LRB- 2005 -RRB- and the drama film The Education of Charlie Banks -LRB- 2007 -RRB- . In 2006 , Eisenberg was the recipient of the Vail Film Festival Rising Star Award for his role in The Living Wake .   In 2009 , he starred in the comedy-drama film Adventureland with Kristen Stewart and the horror comedy Zombieland with Emma Stone , Abigail Breslin , and Woody Harrelson . He then played Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg in the 2010 film The Social Network , for which he received nominations for various awards , including the BAFTA , Golden Globe , and Academy Award . He also starred in Holy Rollers -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , which was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival .   Since , he has gone on to voice the main character , Blu , a male Spix 's macaw , in the animated films Rio -LRB- 2011 -RRB- and Rio 2 -LRB- 2014 -RRB- ; starred in the 2011 action-comedy film 30 Minutes or Less ; starred in two films by Woody Allen , To Rome with Love -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and Café Society . He played a magician in the heist film Now You See Me -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and its 2016 sequel ; re-teamed with Kristen Stewart for the action-comedy film American Ultra -LRB- 2015 -RRB- ; and portrayed supervillain Lex Luthor opposite Ben Affleck , Henry Cavill , and Gal Gadot in Batman v Superman : Dawn of Justice , which was released in March 2016 .   Eisenberg has contributed pieces to The New Yorker and McSweeney 's websites . He has written and starred in three plays for the New York stage : Asuncion , The Revisionist , and The Spoils . Eisenberg 's first book , Bream Gives Me Hiccups : and Other Stories , a short story collection , was released in September 2015 .