<P> The quest for new elements is usually described using atomic numbers . As of 2010 , all elements with atomic numbers 1 to 118 have been observed . Synthesis of new elements is accomplished by bombarding target atoms of heavy elements with ions , such that the sum of the atomic numbers of the target and ion elements equals the atomic number of the element being created . In general , the half - life becomes shorter as atomic number increases , though an `` island of stability '' may exist for undiscovered isotopes with certain numbers of protons and neutrons . </P>
how does the concept of atomic number led to the synthesis of new elements in the laboratory
bombarding target atoms of heavy elements with ions