<P> The Pledge of Allegiance of the United States is an expression of allegiance to the Flag of the United States and the republic of the United States of America , originally composed by Captain George Thatcher Balch , a Union Army Officer in the Civil War and later a teacher of patriotism in New York City Schools . The form of the pledge we use today was largely devised by Francis Bellamy in 1892 and formally adopted by Congress as the pledge in 1942 . The official name of The Pledge of Allegiance was adopted in 1945 . The last change in language came on Flag Day 1954 when the words `` under God '' were added . </P>
when was one nation under god added to the pledge
Flag Day 1954