<P> The rate of turnover in a metabolic pathway , otherwise known as the metabolic flux , is regulated based on the stoichiometric reaction model , the utilization rate of metabolites , and the translocation pace of molecules across the lipid bilayer . The regulation methods are based on experiments involving 13C - labeling , which is then analyzed by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ( NMR ) or gas chromatography - mass spectrometry ( GC - MS ) - derived mass compositions . The aforementioned techniques synthesize a statistical interpretation of mass distribution in proteinogenic amino acids to the catalytic activities of enzymes in a cell . </P>
what would be a typical regulatory system in a metabolic pathway
the stoichiometric reaction model the utilization rate of metabolites the translocation pace of molecules across the lipid bilayer