<P> Although the dynasty ended , the kingdom of Kanem - Bornu survived . Umar eschewed the title mai for the simpler designation shehu ( from the Arabic shaykh ) , could not match his father 's vitality , and gradually allowed the kingdom to be ruled by advisers ( wazirs ) . Bornu began a further decline as a result of administrative disorganization , regional particularism , and attacks by the militant Ouaddai Empire to the east . The decline continued under Umar 's sons . In 1893 , Rabih az - Zubayr led an invading army from eastern Sudan and conquered Bornu . Following his expulsion shortly thereafter , the state was absorbed by the British ruled entity which eventually became known as Nigeria . From that point on , a remnant of the old kingdom was ( and still is ) allowed to continue to exist in subjection to the various Governments of the country as the Borno Emirate . </P>
factors that contributed to the decline and fall of borno empire
administrative disorganization regional particularism attacks by the militant Ouaddai Empire to the east