<P> Abdul Hamid II ( Ottoman Turkish : عبد الحميد ثانی ‎ , ` Abdü'l - Ḥamīd - i sânî ; Turkish : İkinci Abdülhamit ; 21 September 1842 -- 10 February 1918 ) was the 34th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and the last Sultan to exert effective control over the fracturing state . He oversaw a period of decline . He ruled from 31 August 1876 until he was deposed shortly after the 1908 Young Turk Revolution , on 27 April 1909 . In accordance with an agreement made with the republican Young Ottomans , he promulgated the first Ottoman constitution of 1876 on 23 December 1876 , which was a sign of progressive thinking that marked his early rule . Later , however , he noticed Western influence on Ottoman affairs and citing disagreements with Parliament , suspended both the short - lived constitution and Parliament in 1878 and accomplished highly effective power and control . </P>
which leader shut down the parliament and suspended the constitution in the ottoman empire
Abdul Hamid II