<P> The Treaty of Chaumont in 1814 had reaffirmed decisions that had been made already and that would be ratified by the more important Congress of Vienna of 1814 - 15 . They included the establishment of a confederated Germany , the division of Italy into independent states , the restoration of the Bourbon kings of Spain , and the enlargement of the Netherlands to include what in 1830 became modern Belgium . The Treaty of Chaumont became the cornerstone of the European Alliance that formed the balance of power for decades . Other partial settlements had already occurred at the Treaty of Paris between France and the Sixth Coalition , and the Treaty of Kiel that covered issues raised regarding Scandinavia . The Treaty of Paris had determined that a `` general congress '' should be held in Vienna and that invitations would be issued to `` all the Powers engaged on either side in the present war '' . The opening was scheduled for July 1814 . </P>
where did an independence movement occur because of the congress of vienna
Italy