<P> It was initially completed in 691 CE at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al - Malik during the Second Fitna , built on the site of the Roman temple of Jupiter Capitolinus , which had in turn been built on the site of the Second Jewish Temple , destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE . The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022 -- 23 . The Dome of the Rock is in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture . </P>
when was the dome of the rock completed
in 691 CE