<P> Representatives at the Congress agreed to numerous other territorial changes . By the Treaty of Kiel , Norway had been ceded by the king of Denmark - Norway to the king of Sweden . This sparked the nationalist movement which led to the establishment of the Kingdom of Norway on May 17 , 1814 and the subsequent personal Union with Sweden . Austria gained Lombardy - Venetia in Northern Italy , while much of the rest of North - Central Italy went to Habsburg dynasties ( the Grand Duchy of Tuscany , the Duchy of Modena , and the Duchy of Parma ) . </P>
where did an independence movement occur because of the congress of vienna
Norway