<P> Egypt under the Muhammad Ali dynasty remained nominally an Ottoman province . It was granted the status of an autonomous vassal state or Khedivate in 1867 . Isma'il Pasha and Tewfik Pasha governed Egypt as a quasi-independent state under Ottoman suzerainty until the British occupation of 1882 . Nevertheless , the Khedivate of Egypt ( 1867 -- 1914 ) remained a de jure Ottoman province until 5 November 1914 , when it was declared a British protectorate in reaction to the decision of the Young Turks of the Ottoman Empire to join the First World War on the side of the Central Powers . </P>
who was the ottoman governor who led egypt in the years following the napoleonic wars
Isma'il Pasha and Tewfik Pasha