<P> Arousal regulation refers to entering into and maintaining an optimal level of cognitive and physiological activation in order to maximize performance . This may include relaxation if one becomes too anxious through methods such as progressive muscle relaxation , breathing exercises , and meditation , or the use of energizing techniques ( e.g. , listening to music , energizing cues ) if one is not alert enough . The use of meditation and specifically , mindfulness , is a growing practice in the field of arousal recognition . The Mindfulness - Acceptance - Commitment ( MAC ) Theory is the most common form of mindfulness in sport and was formed in 2001 . The aim of MAC is to maximize human potential for a rich , full and meaningful life . It includes specific protocol that involve meditation and acceptance practices on a regular basis as well as before and during competition . These protocol have been tested various times using NCAA men 's and women 's basketball players . In a study done by Frank L. Gardner , an NCAA women 's basketball player increased her personal satisfaction in her performances from 2.4 out of 10 to 9.2 out of 10 after performing the specific MAC protocol for several weeks . Also , the effect of mental barriers on her game decreased from 8 out of 8 to 2.2 out of 8 during that same time period as a result of the MAC protocol . Another study of the MAC protocol performed by Frank Gardner and Zella Moore on an adolescent competitive diver showed that when the MAC protocol is tailored to a specific population , it has the potential to provide performance enhancement . In this case , the vocabulary and examples in the protocol were tailored to be more practical for a 12 - year - old . After performed the MAC protocol for several weeks , the diver showed between a 13 to 14 percent increase in his diving scores . This finding is important because previously the majority of tests performed using the MAC protocol had been on world class athletes . </P>
the sport psychology sub-field of performance enhancement deals primarily with
Arousal regulation