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The Season A harvest is expected to be 10 to 15 percent below average nationally and 25 to 30 percent below average in some semi-arid livelihood zones in the north and east, where rainfall was particularly poor. As a result, poor households in the Eastern and Northern Lowlands, eastern Dry Plateaus, and Buragane livelihood zones are likely to exhaust their food stocks as early as March. The below-average Season A crop production is also contributing to higher food prices, and this, coupled with below-average income from limited labor opportunities, will drive Crisis (IPC Phase 3) outcomes in these livelihood zones around April and May, prior to the availability of Season B harvest in June.
These livelihood zones, along with the eastern Arid Plateaus, are expected to face Stressed (IPC Phase 2) outcomes from June to September, when the Season B harvest improves household food availability and access through seasonally lower market prices. During this time, very poor and poor households will also benefit from labor income from land preparation, weeding, and harvesting, which will seasonally improve household purchasing power. Despite these improvements, Stressed (IPC Phase 2) outcomes are likely as the earlier impact of the below-average Season A harvest and prolonged high food prices have lowered poor households’ capacity to meet their basic food and non-food needs.
The delayed start of Season A has delayed the harvest season by around two months, creating an overlap where most farmland needed for Season B planting is still being used for Season A, and thereby reducing the amount of land available for planting Season B crops. In addition, the below-average Season A harvest means that households will have less access to seeds for Season B planting, given that around 30 percent of the seeds used for Season B are from Season A. Moreover, higher bean prices at the national level have reduced farmers’ financial resources to purchase seeds. Due to these combined effects, the planted area for Season B is expected to be around 20 percent lower than usual.
Maize and bean prices remain high in January 2023 at the national level, ranging from 60 to 170 percent above last year and 50 to 80 percent above the five-year average. Due to increased food prices, the cost of the standard food basket is 75 percent higher than last year, exacerbating the already lower food access for poor households in the Northern Lowlands, Buragane, and eastern lowland livelihood zones amid below-average Season A production.
As of mid-February, 56,000 refugees and asylum seekers in Burundi are receiving food assistance that equates to approximately 100 percent of their monthly basic food needs, with around 70 percent of the population receiving in-kind food and 30 percent receiving cash-based transfers (CBT). While refugees and asylum seekers receive monthly food assistance, returnees receive only a single, three-month distribution of food assistance. Around 15,000 returnees who arrived after the 2022 Season B harvest in June are likely Stressed (IPC Phase 2), having exhausted their three months of assistance, but facing high prices amid limited income-earning opportunities.
Agricultural production: In February, households are typically engaged in harvesting Season A crops, which represent 35 percent of annual crop production, with the bean harvest taking place primarily in low-altitude areas and the maize harvest taking place in high-altitude zones. In addition, land preparation and seeding are in progress for the June-August Season B harvest, which represents roughly 50 percent of annual production and consists largely of bean production.
Season A rainfall was two months late, with only a few days of rainfall at national level from early September to November; overall, monthly rainfall anomalies on the national level amounted to around 50 percent below average (Figure 1). Rainfall deficits were most severe in the Eastern and Northern Lowlands, Eastern Dry Plateaus, and Buragane livelihood zones, drying out young beans and maize sprouts and delaying the planting of tubers (sweet potatoes, cassava, and potatoes). As a result, 2023 Season A crop production is estimated to be 10 to 15 percent lower than average across crops and 20 to 25 percent lower for beans and maize. However, the scale of impact to overall food and income among poor households is somewhat greater in the Eastern and Northern Lowlands, as cash crops and livestock are more prevalent among poor households in the eastern Dry Plateaus and Buragane livelihood zones, though cash crops and livestock were less affected by the poor performance of the rainy season.
The late start of rainfall and subsequently delayed Season A harvest has extended the lean season into February. While land preparation and planting for Season B typically occur in March, around 15 percent of planting areas will still be occupied by Season A crops through March. As a result, a portion of Season B crops will be planted late, delaying income-earning and risking that these crops will not reach maturity before the start of the dry season in June. The anticipated below-average Season A bean harvest, in addition to high bean prices, will contribute to lower household access to seeds, thus constraining Season B bean planting. Poor and very poor households typically use around 30 percent of the Season A harvest as seed for the Season B.
Source: FEWS NET/USGS
Some middle and better-off households are benefiting from government support for agricultural production, including subsidies of up to 40 percent of the price of mineral fertilizers, promotion of fertilizer manufacturing, and engagement in a permanent zero-grazing policy for livestock to promote the extension of cropping areas. Around 3,000 agriculture cooperatives (SANGWE), consisting of around 75,000 farmers, are directly supervised by the technical structures of the government, as most of them are engaged in cultivating crops more resilient to climate shocks, such as maize, rice, cassava, and sweet potatoes. By implementing permanent livestock zero-grazing, owners of large agricultural areas (more than two hectares) in the highland livelihood zones are engaged in the intensification of potato cultivation, providing labor opportunities for poor and very poor households.
Economic conditions: The Burundian Franc (BIF) continues to depreciate, with the official exchange rate having depreciated around 10 percent annually and monthly inflation increasing from 25 to 30 percent (Figure 2). The parallel market has shown even more depreciation. The BIF has depreciated 10 percent against the US dollar in the past year, driven by declining foreign currency reserves. Reserves have declined over the past two years as increased costs of imports have widened the trade deficit. Critically, the parallel exchange rate is 76 percent above the official rate as of March 2023. This large gap between the official and parallel rates has contributed to high monthly inflation as consumers are exposed to volatile price swings. To narrow the gap between official and unofficial exchange rates, the Central Bank has indicated it may consider devaluating the currency in the coming months.
Source: Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies of Burundi (ISTESBU)
The government authorized the re-opening of foreign exchange bureaus at the end of 2022. Around five have opened, but the impact on economic indicators is yet to be observed. Thus, the inflation rate in Burundi reached 28 percent in December, whereas food inflation reached 41 percent in January. The depreciation of the local currency and the widening gap between the official and parallel BIF exchange rates is largely driven by rising demand for imports and prices for imported goods, while the key sectors of the economy are no longer bringing in sufficient currency returns.
The resumption of maize imports in late 2022 and food stocks from 2023 Season A harvests have stabilized the month-on-month trend in staple food prices. However, the prices of maize and beans remained atypically high in January, ranging from 60 to 170 percent above last year and 50 to 80 percent above the respective five-year averages across monitored markets. Local and regional production shortfalls, high global food prices, limited fuel supplies, and high transportation costs contributed to the elevated food prices. As a result, the cost of the standard food basket increased by 75 percent compared to last year (Figure 3), while the labor wage has remained stable and total income sources have decreased in localized areas. The Northern and Eastern Lowlands livelihood zones are the most affected by high food prices and the below-normal 2023 Season A harvest.
Following the re-opening of the borders after two years of closure in relation to COVID-19, cross-border trade and the movement of people are slowly resuming on the Tanzania and Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) sides, while borders with Rwanda remain affected by political tensions. Markets are dominated by local production, and high inflation and the weak exchange rate between the BIF and the currencies of neighboring countries are disincentivizing imports. Increasing insecurity in the east of DRC limits local crop production, leading to more exports to DRC, mostly of rice and maize. Despite administrative bans on crop harvest exports in provinces bordering Rwanda and Tanzania, households and traders continue unofficial exports of beans to Tanzania and Rwanda, which will likely lead to an early exhaustion of food stocks from the 2023 Season A harvest but is providing income from cross-border sales.
Income sources and food access: According to a WFP Food Security Monitoring System (WFP/FSMS) survey conducted across Burundi in August 2022, rural households reported that around half of their total is derived from staple crop production (their main source of income), while nearly 25 percent of income comes from casual labor and over 15 percent of their income from livestock-related activities (Figure 4). This demonstrates the importance of crop production, labor, and livestock as the main income sources in rural areas. It is expected, however, that the relative importance of these income sources varies by wealth group and fluctuates throughout the year, depending on the availability of the harvest.
Below-average 2023 Season A crop production has affected all wealth groups. Among middle and better-off households, income levels are lower than normal because they experienced a decline in the total crop harvest and subsequently earned less income from lower cash crop sales. Combined with the weather shocks of Season A and B, this has reduced their demand for agricultural labor, which has consequently impacted income-earning opportunities among poor and very poor households. The decline in demand is most significant for staple crops, while labor income from cash crop production (such as coffee, tea, and oil palm) has shown to be more resilient to climate hazards. However, only 25 to 30 percent of households produce cash crops in the Northern and Eastern Lowlands, compared to a national average of around 55 percent (Figure 5), resulting in relatively lower labor opportunities in these livelihood zones. Moreover, the unfavorable climate conditions in Tanzania are limiting cross-border agricultural labor opportunities for in the eastern lowland livelihood zone, while cross-border opportunities with Rwanda are inaccessible due to political tensions. Finally, poor and very poor households in Northern and Eastern Lowlands are selling more of their 2023 Season A harvests than usual to repay debts incurred to purchase food during the lean season and to cover expenses for agriculture inputs (seeds and fertilizers).
Source: Ministry of Agriculture
Humanitarian food assistance: According to publicly available distribution information through November 2022 and interim updates provided by WFP to FEWS NET on distributions between December and February, WFP typically distributes monthly food assistance to nearly 56,000 refugees through the hybrid modality of in-kind transfers and cash-based transfers (CBTs). Together these modalities provide a full ration, with in-kind transfers accounting for around 70 percent of beneficiaries kilocalorie needs and CBTs covering roughly 30 percent. In addition, WFP continues to assistance to all registered Burundian returnees upon arrival, averaging to around 3,000 returnees per month in late 2022/early 2023. This group receives wet rations/cooked meals at the transit camps during the first few days and a one-time, three-month food assistance package (mix of cash and in-kind) to help them re-integrate in their areas of origin. Additionally, about 40,000 IDPs are typically assisted with a 90-day ration (in-kind transfers or CBT modality). Finally, many populations considered by distributing agencies to be at risk of food insecurity, including pregnant and lactating mothers, receive a half-ration covering 90-days in the form of in-kind assistance or CBT during the lean season.
Based on WFP’s public reports, nearly 6,000 children aged 6 to 59 months and pregnant and lactating women received specialized nutritious foods for the treatment of moderate acute malnutrition in November. Many primary and preschool children are also assisted through the school feeding program while school is in session, which reached nearly 530,000 children in November. However, food assistance operations are experiencing funding challenges and difficulties related to high food prices, especially for cereals and beans, and high international transportation costs (including tariff and non-tariff barriers introduced by the government). Together these factors occasionally cause pipeline breaks according to WFP, particularly for programs targeting IDPs, nutrition prevention and treatment, and school feeding. It is likely that some households in these programs have occasionally received reduced ration sizes or missed assistance altogether in late 2022 and early 2023.
Conflict and insecurity: Incidences of armed conflict have significantly declined since 2022. As part of an East African regional force that aims to end decades of unrest in the eastern DRC, Burundi contributed troops to DRC in August 2022. The Burundi National Defense Force (FDNB) deployed in the east of the DRC uses eastern Congo as a battleground in its fight against armed groups, which reduced the frequency of attacks conducted on Burundian soil. However, military activities in eastern DRC have resulted in the displacement of populations into Burundi. UNHCR reports a total of 88,265 refugees and asylum-seekers from DRC, with an average of 3,000 new arrivals monthly. The recent improvement in diplomatic relations with Rwanda has reduced border tensions.
Current food security outcomes: The 2023 Season A harvest in February is expected to be below average; however, production is only slightly below average in most of the west and central part of the country. In these areas, although food prices are above average, access to the harvest and normal levels of income are driving Minimal (IPC Phase 1) outcomes.
In contrast, northern and eastern areas of the country have seen more notable crop losses and an associated decline in income-earning opportunities in Season A, resulting in Stressed (IPC Phase 2) outcomes across the relevant livelihood zones. Moreover, some very poor and poor households within the Eastern and Northern Lowlands livelihood zones are likely facing Crisis (IPC Phase 3) outcomes. In these areas, lower cross-border income-earning opportunities are also contributing to atypically low household income. Food stocks from Season A are also going to the repayment of debts accrued to cover food needs during the lean period and to procure agricultural inputs for Season B, further contributing to their inability to meet all food and non-food needs.
Source: Ministry of Health
Based on nutrition data from the March 2022 SMART survey, acute malnutrition in Burundi was at Acceptable (Global Acute Malnutrition (GAM) by weight for height z-score (WHZ) ≤5 percent) levels on the national level; however, prevalence ranges from Acceptable to Alert (GAM (WHZ) 5–9.9%) levels in some districts and provinces. However, while a more recent survey is not available, levels of acute malnutrition have likely increased since then. According to Ministry of Health reports, admissions of malnourished children is following seasonal trends but at elevated levels, with the admission of children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) as of late 2022 increasing by 10 percent from last year (Figure 6), when GAM levels reached Alert (GAM WHZ 5-9.9 percent) levels of 6.1 percent on the national level, according to an IPC analysis.
Between February and September 2023, the projected food security outcomes are based on the following national-level assumptions:
- Based on international and regional forecasts, the February to May 2023 Season B rains in Burundi will most likely be average at the national level. As is climatologically typical, localized dryness will be concentrated in the Eastern Lowlands, including during the rainy season. Above-normal temperatures are expected through at least June 2023.
- Due to the delay in the Season A harvest, much of the land typically used for Season B crops is still occupied by Season A crops, delaying the planting for the 2023 Season B until April. In addition, the delayed and below-average Season A bean harvest is likely to limit the availability of bean seeds for the Season B. Furthermore, poor and very poor households are likely to face difficulty purchasing seeds given high prices. In 2017, delays in the Season A harvest resulted in 30 percent of cultivatable land not being planted for Season B. Similarly, the 2023 Season B planted area is expected to be below average.
- Both locally produced and imported staple food prices are expected to trend higher compared to the same period of last year. The increase in food prices will be driven by the anticipated below-average Season A and B crop production, especially for beans in the surplus-producing livelihood zones of the Eastern and Northern Lowlands, along with decreased formal and informal food imports and high fuel and transportation costs. Based on FEWS NET’s integrated price projections, bean prices in Gitega market are expected to be two times above average and around 70 to 100 percent above last year’s prices (Figure 7). Similarly, maize prices are expected to be two times higher than average and 50 to 80 percent above last year’s prices (Figure 8).
Source: SIP/WFP price data; FEWS NET projection
Source: SIP/WFP price data; FEWS NET projection
- Out of the 258,272 Burundian refugees being hosted in neighboring countries as of December 2022, UNHCR has set a target of facilitating the return of 70,000 people in 2023. On average, around 56,000 persons may likely be return between January and September 2023. Around 50 percent of the refugees are currently being hosted in refugee camps in Tanzania, and most of the returnees are expected to return to eastern, northern, and southern areas of Burundi. An estimated 80 percent of returnees will likely have access to their land, but it is unlikely they will be able to immediately resume engagement in typical livelihood activities given few resources to do so.
- Due to the intensification of intercommunal conflict in eastern DRC and the re-opening of the Burundi and DRC borders, the number of refugee and asylum seekers hosted in Burundi is expected to increase during the scenario period. Based on recent trends and current estimates from UNHCR, it is estimated that new arrivals may average around 3,000 people per month. As of January 2023, the Burundi government removed COVID-19 test requirements for travel, which is expected to increase the amount of cross-border travel, in addition to slowly increasing access to cross-border trade and labor opportunities. Still, persistent political issues between Burundi and Rwanda are likely limiting access to cross-border opportunities in the Northern Lowlands, while increasing insecurity in DRC will cause below-average income earning opportunities in the West. Dryness in Tanzania is expected to reduce agricultural labor activities in Tanzania, resulting in lower access to cross-border agricultural labor opportunities for poor and very poor households.
- WFP is expected to continue to prioritize delivery of humanitarian food assistance to the refugee/asylee and returnee populations. The refugee/asylee population will most likely continue to receive a full ration (whether in-kind or CBT) each month, while returnees will most likely continue to receive a one-time, three-month distribution. Distributions to IDPs, along with programs for school feeding and treatment of malnourished women and children, will vary based on funding.
- The decrease in incidences of armed conflict is expected to continue through the analysis period. The deployment of the Burundi National Defense Force (FDNB) to eastern DRC is expected to keep the center of conflict within the eastern DRC, thereby maintaining relative stability in Burundi in 2023.
Most Likely Food Security Outcomes
The Eastern and Northern Lowlands and the Eastern Arid Plateaus livelihood zones are expected to face Stressed (IPC Phase 2) outcomes during the harvest period of February to March 2023, while the rest of the country is expected to face Minimal (IPC Phase 1) outcomes. The three livelihood zones of concern have faced Stressed (IPC Phase 2) outcomes since early 2022, and poor and very poor households have somewhat eroded their coping capacity to continue to meet their food and non-food needs. Following below-average 2023 Season A crop production, poor and very poor households will mostly depend on markets for food access during the April to May lean season, in the projected context of very high food prices (over 50 percent above average) and below-average access to income. As a result, at least 20 percent of the population (mainly poor and very poor households) in the Eastern and Northern Lowlands are expected to face Crisis (IPC Phase 3) outcomes during the minor lean season of April to May; an atypically elevated but lower share of the population is expected to be in Crisis (IPC Phase 3) in the Eastern Arid Plateaus.
During the harvest and post-harvest period of June to September 2023, poor and very poor households are expected to improve their food consumption due to the availability of 2023 Season B crop production. While the Season B harvest is expected to be below average, households will harvest several months of food stocks for consumption and sales, leading to Stressed (IPC Phase 2) outcomes. Still, the reduction in household access to food during the April to May minor lean season is likely to contribute to a deterioration of nutrition indicators in general, with GAM levels expected to remain at Alert (GAM 5-9.9 percent) in the Eastern and Northern Lowlands livelihood zones and the Eastern Arid Plateau during the lean season.
With humanitarian assistance expected to continue following normal trends, returnees and refugees will likely experience Minimal! (IPC Phase 1!) outcomes throughout the outlook period. However, returnees who have exhausted their three-month food assistance and IDPs receiving limited food assistance are expected to experience Stressed (IPC Phase 2) outcomes through the projected period.
Events that Might Change the Outlook
|Area||Event||Impact on food security outcomes|
|National||Heavy rainfall during the 2023 Season B (March to May 2023)||Localized, heavy rainfall will likely result in flooding in the lowlands, along rivers, and the banks of Lake Tanganyika. 2023 Season B crops, especially in the Imbo Plains livelihood zone, will likely be destroyed, increasing the number of Stressed (IPC Phase 2) households. However, above-average rainfall will benefit production in the Eastern Lowlands, Northern Lowlands, and Eastern Arid Plateaus livelihood zones, where 2023 Season B planting is delayed; more favorable yields would increase food and income from harvests, labor, and crop sales, reducing the population facing Stressed (IPC Phase 2) and Crisis (IPC Phase 3).|
|National||Early end of the March to May rains||Rainfall typically ends in late May/early June. An early end to the March to May rains will result in a shortened crop-growing window, particularly for 2023 Season B crops that are planted late. Bean crops, very sensitive to rainfall, will be the most affected. A further below-average harvest will likely increase the number of households facing Stressed (IPC Phase 2) or worse acute food insecurity outcomes. The semi-arid areas in the Eastern and Northern Lowlands and Imbo Plains livelihood zones would likely be the most affected.|
|National||Further devaluation of Burundi Franc||Even greater devaluation of the BIF, beyond what is already anticipated, would further decrease food imports and availability and further increase food prices. Increased food prices would decrease access to food for poor and very poor households, especially during the lean period of April to May, increasing the number of households in Stressed (IPC Phase 2) and Crisis (IPC Phase 3).|
|Imbo Plains livelihood zone, Kibira naturel||Insecurity in eastern of DRC||Despite the stable security situation observed since 2022, escalating conflict in eastern DRC would lead to massive refugee displacement to Burundi and increase the number of people in need of assistance. Rebels fleeing counterattacks from the eastern Africa forces could disturb security in the Imbo Plains livelihood zone. Household access to food and income would remain at a reduced level as a result of conflicts.|
Northern Lowlands livelihood zone (Figure 9)
The Northern Lowlands livelihood zone, located along Burundi's northern border with Rwanda, has a population of around 1.1 million people. Poor and very poor households rely on farm-related labor opportunities and cross-border trade for food and income sources. The livelihood zone has been negatively affected by delayed rainfall during the 2023 Season A, causing below-average crop production. Poor households are affected by increased food prices and below-average incomes following reduced agricultural labor opportunities. Moreover, cross-border opportunities have been limited by political tensions between Burundi and Rwanda.
The 2023 Season A beans and maize harvest is expected to be 30 percent below average in the Northern Lowlands, resulting in increased household dependence on markets for food access, and contributing to raising maize and beans prices of between 40 to 50 percent above average. Reduced Season A and B crop production is also likely to limit the availability of agricultural labor opportunities, which are the main income source for poor and very poor households.
Source: FEWS NET
The Northern Lowlands livelihood zone hosts many returnees. Based on FEWS NET’s calculations, humanitarian food assistance was provided to around 3,000 returnees during the July 2022 to January 2023 period. Additionally, assistance was provided to populations considered to be at high risk of food insecurity within the area, estimated to be around 2,140 malnourished children and 2,154 pregnant and lactating women. Finally, in February 2023, interim updates provided by WFP to FEWS NET suggests around 7,730 refugee/asylee households (38,650 persons, primarily new arrivals from the DRC) received a 30-day ration, with in-kind food accounting for 70 percent of the ration and cash-based transfers representing approximately 30 percent.
In terms of livelihoods support, the FAO distributed seeds and fertilizer assistance, which is expected to continue throughout 2023.
Overall, the area currently faces Stressed (IPC Phase 2) outcomes, and a sub-set of households likely face Crisis (IPC Phase 3) outcomes and need humanitarian assistance.
In addition to the national level assumptions, the projected food security outcomes for Northern Lowlands livelihood zone are based on the following assumptions:
- Average rainfall is forecast, though localized dryness which is climatologically typical in this livelihood zone – is expected between February to May 2023, especially in the semi-arid areas.
- Farmers are likely to reduce 2023 Season B cultivated areas due to the overlap of the A and B seasons, combined with below-average access to seeds. This is expected to result in below-normal labor demand through the June harvest. As the main income source for poor and very poor households, agricultural labor wages are expected to remain around 1,500 BIF, which is below what is typical (1,600 BIF) for income wages in this livelihood zone.
- Staple food prices were above average in January and are expected to remain above average throughout the projection period. Below-average 2023 Season A and B crop production, elevated import and food transportation costs, and the depreciation of the local currency are likely to drive high prices. Starting in June, below-average 2023 Season B crop production is expected to be an additional driver of increased food prices. Bean prices are expected to be around 100 percent higher than average in this livelihood zone.
- Humanitarian food assistance and safety net programs are expected to continue throughout the scenario period, including school meals, cash transfer programs, and moderate acute malnutrition treatment programs, which typically aim to provide nutritional supplements to 2,140 malnourished children and 2,325 pregnant and lactating women in Kirundi, based on FEWS NET’s calculations. Through the repatriation assistance program, one-time assistance to returnees will consist of a three-month ration package. This assistance consists of an approximately 70 percent ration of in-kind food and an approximately 30 percent ration in the form of CBTs.
Most Likely Food Security Outcomes
After exhausting their food stocks from the below-average 2023 Season A production, poor households are mainly relying on market purchases to meet their food needs during the April to May lean season. Below-average income is likely to decrease household purchasing power and access to food, worsening acute food security outcomes. For very poor and poor households, food consumption gaps or the engagement in negative coping to minimally meet food needs, is expected during the lean period of April to May 2023. Come June, when Season B production is available, food security will improve despite the fact that the harvest will be below average. During this time, Stressed (IPC Phase 2) outcomes are likely. Levels of acute malnutrition are expected to generally stabilize to Acceptable (GAM < 5%) levels from February to March and June to August as food availability and access improves with the 2023 Season A and B harvests. However, given reduced own-produced food stocks and decreased purchasing power, acute malnutrition levels are expected to increase to Alert (GAM 5–9.9%) levels during the lean periods of April to May.
Eastern Lowlands livelihood zone (Figure 10)
The Eastern Lowlands livelihood zone has a population of around 894,000 people, including around 313,000 poor and very poor people (about 62,590 households). The population of concern detailed below is very poor households affected by below-average 2023 Season A crop production, below-average income access, and atypical food price increases. The area is predominantly in semi-arid climatic conditions. While the area doesn’t host refugees, there is a significant returnee population, most of whom received a one-time distribution of a three-month ration upon arrival back to Burundi.
Source: FEWS NET
Bean and maize crops, which are typically planted in early September and represent about 30 percent of the season’s crops, were wilted by dryness from early September to November. Due to delayed rainfall and dry spells, most Season A planting activities were carried out in November, leading to the overlap of Seasons A and B, which reduced the cropland available for Season B planting. The loss of Season A crop production from delayed and below-average rainfall is estimated at 25 percent.
As a result of below-average agricultural activities in Seasons A and B, poor and very poor households face lower than normal income from this source. It is common for the farmers in the Eastern Lowlands to rent land in Tanzania for crop production when they face below-average income opportunities locally. However, dry conditions in Tanzania have reduced access to this income source as well.
During the prolonged lean season of October to January 2023, poor and very poor households exhausted their food stock and reduced their incomes. The income of very poor and poor households has reduced due to limited labor opportunities and cross-border income. As a result, the area currently faces Stressed (IPC Phase 2) outcomes, and a sub-set of households likely face Crisis (IPC Phase 3) outcomes and need humanitarian assistance.
In addition to the national-level assumptions, the following assumptions apply to this area of concern:
- Historically dry areas in Eastern Lowlands livelihood zone is expected to experience dry spells and slightly above normal temperatures through June 2023.
- The overlap of Seasons A and B is expected to reduce the cultivated area for 2023 Season B crop production by 20 to 30 percent, contributing to a reduction in the Season B harvest in June.
- The expected localized dryness will reduce agricultural activities and labor opportunities of poor and very poor households throughout the projected period.
- Above-average food prices since 2022 are expected to remain higher through the projected period. Below-average 2023 Season A and B crop production, elevated import and food transportation costs, and the loss in value of the local currency (BIF) compared to the Tanzanian shilling are likely to drive high food prices.
- Through the repatriation assistance program, one-time assistance to returnees arriving from Tanzania to the East Lowlands livelihood zone will consist of a wet/cooked food ration during the transition time and a three-month ration food package to facilitate their restarting of previous livelihoods. This assistance consists of an approximately 70 percent ration of in-kind food and an approximately 30 percent ration in the form of CBTs. The returnees are expected to start their agricultural activities at the start of the next rainfall season after their arrival; for those that arrive after April/May, this means they will not plant until the start of the September-December rainy season.
Most Likely Food Security Outcomes
Food stocks from the Season A harvest are expected to be depleted early, and poor households will increasingly rely on markets for food in the context of above-average food prices. Food prices are trending 45 to 60 percent higher than last year, and the cost of the food basket to cover daily caloric needs increased by 105 percent between 2021 and 2023.
The Eastern Lowlands livelihood zone has faced Stressed (IPC Phase 2) acute food insecurity since early 2022, with poor and very poor households applying coping strategies such as selling food stocks faster than normal and reducing the dietary diversity of food consumed. A sub-set of households likely faced food consumption gaps consistent with Crisis (IPC Phase 3). Poor and very poor households are expected to continue to face Stressed (IPC Phase 2) acute food insecurity outcomes through March, with the below-average harvest of the 2023 Season A adding pressure to existing acute food insecurity. The early exhaustion of food stocks from the 2023 Season A harvest, combined with below-average income access and increased food prices, will likely lead to further food security deterioration among poor and very poor households, who are expected to face Crisis (IPC Phase 3) outcomes during the lean period of April to May 2023.
During the harvest period of June to August 2023, the Season B crop production is likely to increase food access for poor and very poor households, driving improvement from Crisis (IPC Phase 3) to Stressed (IPC Phase 2) outcomes. Levels of acute malnutrition are expected to stabilize, maintaining Acceptable (≤5 percent) acute malnutrition levels from February to March and June to August as food availability and access improve with the 2023 A and B harvests, though higher levels of acute malnutrition are expected during the lean season period of April to May.
Recommended citation: FEWS NET. Burundi Food Security Outlook February to September 2023: Below-average Season A harvest will likely drive Crisis (IPC Phase 3) in the north and east, 2023.
To project food security outcomes, FEWS NET develops a set of assumptions about likely events, their effects, and the probable responses of various actors. FEWS NET analyzes these assumptions in the context of current conditions and local livelihoods to arrive at a most likely scenario for the coming eight months. Learn more here.


Research technician in Soil and Plant Science
Lancaster Environment Centre
Salary: £27,116 to £33,309
Closing Date: Monday 18 October 2021
Interview Date: Tuesday 26 October 2021
Applications are invited for an EU Horizon 2020 and NERC-funded full-time
technician position, tenable for until 31st August 2022 within the NERC funded
Signals in the Soil ( Detecting soil degradation and restoration through a
novel coupled sensor and mach i ne learning framework ) and EU funded Shui
(Soil Hydrology research platform underpinning innovation to manage water
scarcity in European and Chinese cropping systems) projects.
You will support work at Lancaster and Colorado State University which aims to
develop arrays of soil sensors suitable for sensing soil water, soil
biological, soil chemical and surface properties. In addition, you will
contribute to work that seeks to determine whether different soil management
techniques, including the use of cover crops, affect, soil erosion and runoff
soil/plant water availability and plant physiological responses to water
The successful applicant will be responsible for helping with sensor
installation and maintenance. In addition, you will help with field and
mesocosm work will focus on the role of cover crops and their interaction with
soil water and erosion.
The position is available to scientists with a BSc in agricultural, plant,
environmental, computer or earth sciences. Experience of environmental
instrumentation , field and laboratory experimentation would be an advantage.
The position is effective from 1 November 2021 . You should be available
for interview on the 26th October 2021
You will join us on an indefinite contract however, the role remains
contingent on external funding which, at this time is due to come to an end on
31 August 2022.
Informal enquiries to Professor John Quinton (email:
Further details of the Principal Investigators' research can be found at:
https:// www. lancaster.ac.uk/lec/about-us/people/john-quinton
https:// www. lancaster.ac.uk/lec/about-us/people/ian-dodd
Find out more about the work of the Sustainable soils research group at
https: // wp.lancs.ac.uk/sustainable-soils/
We welcome applications from people in all diversity groups.
Please note: Unless specified otherwise in the advert wording, all
advertised roles are UK based.
The University provides an environment that strongly supports the
individual needs of each employee, whilst promoting the importance of
wellbeing for all our colleagues. We have a range of support networks
available for our employees, and more information on these can be found on the
‘Working at Lancaster' information page.
We are committed to family-friendly and flexible working policies on an
individual basis. The University recognises and celebrates good employment
practice undertaken to address all inequality in higher education.
We warmly welcome applicants from all sections of the community regardless
of their age, religion, gender identity or expression, race, disability or
sexual orientation, and are committed to promoting diversity, and equality of


Water area for sale, size 2 rai 3 ngan 64 square wah, good environment suitable for agriculture The surrounding area is agricultural land, Rattaphum District, Songkhla Province, the price is negotiable. Need map coordinates or more information, chat/call to talk
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Sun World International, Bakersfield, Calif., has grown its grape exports significantly in the past several years, which the company attributes to a strong brand presence and strong partnerships in export markets.
Sun World’s grape exports have risen 40% year-over-year in the past three seasons, according to a news release. The company is shipping record volumes this season, a trend experienced throughout the California grape industry with export and domestic accounts.
In particular, support from export partners in Japan, Indonesia, Vietnam, Hong Kong and Korea has lifted sales, with more brand recognition through in-store demos, sampling and social media promotions.
With a larger volume of grapes left in storage this season, California shippers are expected to ship product through the end of January, extending the season beyond its usual year-end exit.
“Despite a difficult grape season, we continue to achieve our strategic export goals,” Julie Escobar, Sun World vice president of international sales and marketing, said in the release. “Our partnerships with receivers and new customers have helped us achieve record shipping numbers, and retail penetration continues to be strengthened.”
Investment in packing line equipment allows the company to expand packaging options to drive sales in Asian markets, and bypass repacking in export countries, according to the news release. Sun World also plans to hire more personnel in Asian markets due to the growth in sales.
“We expect to see a significant increase in our business, as well as improve our overall supply chain and quality control of our fruit to a much stronger level in 2019,” Escobar said in the release.


Last Sunday afternoon we participated in an event called “Meet Your Farmer”. I think this event is held all across Canada but one Sunday in the fall, farms open their doors to the general public. They give tours, sell their wares, and allow us all to catch a glimpse of what life on a farm is like.
We visited a farm just 30 minutes away from us in Windsor, NS, the Oulton’s Farm. They have a large apple orchard, organic chickens and turkeys, exotic animals, and beef (altho we really didn’t see that aspect).
A donkey with some llamas.


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Clonex Mist 100 ml it's a new product in spray by Growth Technology that makes your plant grow faster increasing the number of roots for plants and clones.Nothing easier and more efficient, it provides healthier and stronger plants.
After several tests Clonex Mist has shown in 10 days a faster develop of roots with 30% longer roots and 156% more roots in number.
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Many species. Cutworms are dull gray, brown, or black, and may be striped or spotted. They are stout, soft-bodied and smooth, and up to 1 and 1/4 inches long. They curl up tightly when disturbed.
Common Host Plant(s)
Tomato, pepper, cabbage, peas, beans, and squash.
Cut off plants above, at, or below soil surface. Some cutworms feed on leaves, buds, or fruits; others feed on the underground portions of plants. Particularly destructive to early season plantings.
Throughout United States.
Place a stiff 3-inch cardboard collar around the stems; allow it to extend about 1 inch into the soil and protrude 2 inches above the soil; clear the stem by about 1/2 inch. Till garden so that weedy growth is not present in the spring.
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt is sold under various trade names and formulations) will kill cutworms and is safe. Worms get sick the first day and die later.
If cultural control fails, follow the label instructions and precautions for pre-planting treatment of cutworm for Beans, Beets, Cabbage, Carrots, Cauliflower, Celery, Collards, Cucumbers, Endive, Kale, Lettuce, Lima Beans, Melons, Muskmelons, Onions, Parsley, Parsnips, Peas, Peppers, Potatoes, Radishes, Snap Beans, and Sweet Corn.
Virginia Cooperative Extension materials are available for public use, reprint, or citation without further permission, provided the use includes credit to the author and to Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, and Virginia State University.
Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia State University, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. Edwin J. Jones, Director, Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg; M. Ray McKinnie, Administrator, 1890 Extension Program, Virginia State University, Petersburg.
April 25, 2011


What are the pros? smaller variety
What are the cons? no real dislikes
Ching chang bok choi: Just fun to say! This bok choi was a hit in the garden. Harvested when small and young it is super in the kitchen and on the table.
I found that it intercropped well as it matures quickly and keeps a clean, orderly presence in the garden.
I found that it did bolt but not as quickly as other bok choi.
Germination rates were quite high.
Would you recommend this product to a friend?


· I have two NEW never installed Lesco Universal Spreader Caddies up for the best reasonable offer. They are not being posted as a set but will let them go that way if someone wants them both. The caddy weighs around 13lbs. PM me with your …
The Rittenhouse Spreader Caddy is very similar to the Lesco Spreader Caddy, but uses steel that is twice as thick as the latter. This Spreader Holder Hitch Mount is designed to mount a spreader onto a standard 2" hitch of a truck, therefore saving much needed space in the back of a pickup truck.
Push Spreader Caddy $ 110.00. Add to cart MORE. Push spreader rack $ 95.00. Add to cart MORE. Lesco Chemlawn Spray Gun $ 69.17. Add to cart MORE. Commercial Pest Control Sprayers. Sprayer Parts, Spray Systems & More in Tampa, Orlando, Jacksonville, Atlanta, Birmingham & Beyond ...
2021-9-23 · walk behind fertilizer spreader with lesco spreader caddy bundle 2 items 645 00 645 00 scotts elite broadcast spreader with edgeguard 3 9 out of 5 stars 634 99 98 99 98 get it as soon as thu precision products 130 pound capacity commercial broadcast …
This item: Rittenhouse Lesco Spreader Caddy - 075160. $134.95. Only 15 left in stock - order soon. Ships from and sold by Lawn & Pest Control Supply. Lesco Hopper Cover (092128) $32.14. In Stock. Ships from and sold by Lawn & Pest Control Supply. FREE Shipping.
The spreader caddy / holder is designed for the 705699 or 091186 lesco spreader, the 50 lb. 092807 lesco spreader, and the cub cadet #80 rotary spreader. . . 140240i have two new never installed lesco universal spreader caddies up for the best reasonable offer. they are not being posted as a set but will let them go that . mar 23, 2015 · lesco ...
Lesco Spreader Nylon Flat Washer 3/8 P/N: GGB1005530. Regular price. $1.03. View. Lesco Spreader Control Plate Rate P/N: GG01006772. Regular price. $21.78. View. Lesco Spreader Washer Hex Screw 8x5/8 P/N: GGB1705632.
Fertilizer. LESCO® fertilizers offer leading formulations and a proven track record for healthy, long-term results. We''ve dedicated more than 50 years to studying and perfecting the science of growing turfgrass. Featuring these LESCO Technologies: LESCO NOS LESCO PolyPlus-Opti™ LESCO NOS Plus LESCO CarbonPro™ LESCO PolyPlus.
Scotts Deluxe Edgeguard Broadcast Spreader - Holds 15,000 sq. ft. of Scotts product. Our Price: $59.90. Earthway EV-N-SPRED Seed Spreader. Our Price: $67.77. Spreader Caddy - Spreader Holder Hitch Mount - Lesco #275160. Our Price: $138.77.
Rittenhouse Lesco Spreader Caddy - 075160 - Each. Sign in to check out Check out as guest. Add to cart. Add to Watchlist Unwatch. 2-year protection plan from SquareTrade - $8.99 2-year protection plan from SquareTrade - $8.99 Opens an information Overlay. Limited quantity remaining.
The Lesco Electric Rotary Broadcast Spreader has been designed to mount on the back of a truckster-type vehicle. This unit can be used as either a fertilizer spreader or a grass seed spreader. The Electric Motor is now top mounted. This is a big improvement over the previous bottom mounted motor that was subject to being saturated by the fertilizer
· What I did for my lesco spreader is pretty simple. I have a spreader caddy that goes into my trailer hitch and holds the spreader securely. For my trailer I got one of those bolt on 2" receiver hitches, I got it from walmart I think for like $30.
2 · Amazon com lesco spreader April 3rd, 2019 - Lesco 101186 High Wheel Walk Behind Fertilizer Spreader with Lesco Spreader Caddy Bundle 2 Items 645 00 645 00 Scotts Elite Broadcast Spreader with EdgeGuard 3 9 out of 5 stars 634 99 98 99 98 Get it as soon as Thu Precision Products 130 Pound Capacity Commercial Broadcast Spreader with Salt Deflector ...
Spreader and Sprayer Calibration & Settings More Green, Less Waste Properly calibrated equipment leads to effective product performance, reduced potential for plant injury, fewer callbacks, as well as greater productivity and efficiency.
2019-1-24 · The SpreaderRak fertilizer spreader rack, a hitch mounted spreader carrier designed to carry one or two 80lb Lesco* brand spreaders. It also works for most commercial fertilizer or ice melt spreaders with a U-shaped resting stand. Ideal for …
Lesco spreader - $300 (Westtown) 80 LB Commercial Lesco stainless steel frame spreader. Fully re-built. New tires and wheels. New gears, new impeller, and perma-green agitator. Not negotiable on the price. ... Lesco Spreader Caddy - $50 (Indianapolis) Lesco Spreader Caddy - You can mount it in the back hitch receiver or front. Paid $125 new ...
2021-10-18 · spreader with lesco spreader caddy bundle 2 items 400 00 400 00 free shipping scotts elite broadcast spreader with edgeguard 3 9 out of titan 50 lb professional broadcast spreader for lawn fertilizer seed 3 8, prices may vary from branch
Spreader Caddy - Spreader Holder Hitch Mount - Lesco #275160 Now there is a product that can mount your Lesco spreader directly onto the hitch of your truck …
2021-10-30 · Get Lesco 50 Lb. Push Spreader 092807 with Rittenhouse Spreader Caddy (Bundle, 2 Items) at the best price available today. See also: related readings New Enzymatic Therapy Pearls Ic 90 X 2 Yangbaga Washable Pee Pads for Dogs, 36x64in Extra Large Non Slip Puppy Pads, Extra Thick Whelping Pads with Great Urine Absorpt product description Great Deal!
Just insert this Spreader Caddy in the 2" inside diameter square pipe, place the included pin in place to secure it, and you can now mount your spreader on the hitch. These Spreader Caddies by Rittenhouse are designed for Lesco 80 lb. Spreader models 705699, 091186, and 101186, as well as the 50 lb. Push Spreader model 092807.
Lesco High Wheel Fertilizer Spreader with Manual Deflector & Cover. $595.00. Compare. Add To Cart. Quick View. Lesco 50 lb Push Spreader with Cover - 092807C. $387.65. Compare. Add To Cart.
2018-10-17 · 80# Hopper Extension- 709915 Increases spreader capacity to 125 lb. Calibration Gauges- B1009952 Set and "Fine tune" calibration of your LESCO® spreader Synergy Sprayer- 091165 Spray and spread at the same time Spreader Caddy- 275160 Hitch mounted spreader caddy that will fit …
2021-5-11 · The Spreader Caddy / Holder is designed for the 705699 or 091186 Lesco Spreader, the 50 lb. 092807 Lesco Spreader, and the Cub Cadet #80 Rotary Spreader. It will also fit …
(On Backorder) Spreader Caddy - Spreader Holder Hitch Mount - Lesco #275160 Fabrycznie nowy 579,21 z ł Najlepszy Sprzedawca Najlepszy Sprzedawca Kup teraz Obejmuje usługi celne i śledzenie przesyłki za granicę +199,87 zł za wysyłkę (szac.) z Stany ...
El paquete incluye 2 artículos: (1) Lesco 101186 High Wheel Walk-Behind Spreader con (1) Lesco Spreader Caddy. El separador de fertilizantes Lesco 101186 High Wheel Walk-Behind es el esparcidor estándar de la industria en las industrias de cuidado de césped y paisajismo para profesionales.
Earthway Polar Tech 100lb Professional Stainless Steel Salt / Ice Melt Broadcast Spreader $337.25 $399.99 SALE. Lesco Hopper Cover - 092128 $29.95. LESCO Stainless Steel Spreader - 80 Pound Capacity $513.50 $599.95 SALE. Polar Tech 4lb Hand Seed/Salt Spreader $29.95. Rittenhouse Lesco Spreader Caddy - 075160 $129.95.
Spreader Caddy - Spreader Holder Hitch Mount - Lesco #275160. Sold out. $138.77. Now there is a product that can mount your Lesco spreader directly onto the hitch of your truck without all the aggravation and hassle – the Lesco Spreader Caddy. It is designed to mount your spreader onto a regular 2" hitch, saving you space in the back of your ...
The Rittenhouse Dual Spreader Caddy lets you mount up to two spreaders on the hitch of your truck. The Rittenhouse Hitch Mounted Fertilizer Spreader Holders / Caddies are manufactured at the Rittenhouse Factory. They feature thicker steel construction and include the pin for the 2" hitch. The Lesco Spreader Caddy is a more economical model.
Rittenhouse Lesco Spreader Caddy Now there is a product that can mount your Lesco spreader directly onto the hitch of your truck without all the aggravation and hassle – the Lesco Spreader Caddy. It is designed to mount your spreader onto a regular 2" hitch, saving you …
LESCO Spreader Caddy For LESCO Spreaders. 275160. Product Photos. Product Photos. Product Photos. Hover on image to Zoom. Touch on image to Zoom. of Images & Videos. Share by Email. LESCO : 275160. LESCO Spreader Caddy For LESCO Spreaders. 275160. YOUR PRICE. RETAIL PRICE. $115.93 / Each.
Lesco Spreader 80Lbs. Gearbox Pinion Gear P/N: GGB1030595. Regular price $6.50 View. Lesco Spreader Caddy Holder Hitch Mount P/N: GG275160. Regular price $145.87 View. Lesco 80# Spreader Gearset Cover P/N: GGB1030592. Regular price $7.97 …
· Push Spreader Caddy quantity. Add to cart. Category: Uncategorized Tags: hitch mount spreader carrier, Push spreader holder, Spreader caddy, Spreader mount Brand: Lesco. More information; Product Description. Push Spreader Caddy for Lesco and most spreaders. Hitch Mount.
You are now ready to mount your spreader onto the hitch. The Spreader Caddy / Holder is designed for the 705699 or 091186 Lesco Spreader, the 50 lb. 092807 Lesco Spreader, and the Cub Cadet #80 Rotary Spreader. It will also fit other spreaders with a similar design. Note: The resting leg on the spreader must be ''U'' shaped.
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I had some seeds from a friends romulan grapefruit that I decided to give this a go with so take it easy on the virgin. Ive read a lot of Roberts guide and think Ive been doing mediocre so far but want to see what Ive done right and what I havent so that when I get to my sour diesel seeds from here I wont kill them all.
Tent is 4x4 with 2 hanging 600 watt LEDs then I put some others I had lower (not sure if that was a good move or not yet). Has a humidity controlled outlet fan, circulation fan and temp gauge. It will thin out in there and have a net as soon as I can Identify the males which so far I have only been able to gauge one female. feeding flora fertilizer and cal mag as directed for aggressive veg growth currently.
Anyway here are a couple pics of what they are looking like. Any advice is greatly appreciated.


Ethiopia Halo Beriti Slow-Dry Natural
Coffee is the main, if not the only source of income for the farmers surrounding the Halo Beriti washing station. The station pays premiums for high quality cherries, incentivising farmers to submit only ripe cherries for processing. The results are magic, with this season's natural tasting like deep purple and red fruits, mixed with hints of tropical and stone fruits.
THIS COFFEE COLOUR IS
Sweetness & Flavour
A complex cup profile producing notes of Florals, Chocolates and Deep, Purple Fruits


First GEOfood certified products in Italy!
Congratulation to the Colline Metallifere UNESCO Global Geopark for being the first Italian Geopark to implement the GEOfood brand within the local products and producers. The successful cooperation has been build up on an already established strong agreement between the local DRAGO Agricultural District located in the Geopark area, in Maremma, Tuscany. GEOfood has been accepted by the DRAGO Network and some selected products, which following the GEOfood criteria and MANIFESTO, have been "upgraded" to GEOfood products. These will be sold in local food chain with explanations concerning the connection between local geological heritage and the quality of raw material directly linked with soils and geodiverstity. In this way we like to educate local people about the importance of geological heritage and km zero food practices!


Texas farmers and ranchers have a hard go of it for the past 36 months with 108 Texas counties designated as natural disaster areas early this year. No doubt, losses will be significant, but many will have some relief at tax time.
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Call for Experts - Malawi JOBfrom Land O'Lakes International Development Closing date: 13 May 2016
Posted by Tendai Mugani on May 4, 2016 5:55 PM SAST
Land O’Lakes International Development is a 501c3 nonprofit organization whose vision is to be a global leader in transforming lives by engaging in agriculture and enterprise partnerships that replace poverty with prosperity, and dependency with self-reliance. We leverage Land O’Lakes, Inc.’s 34-year history engaging in international agriculture and economic development programs, implementing more than 280 programs in 80 countries since 1981.
Land O'Lakes is receiving applications for an anticipated USAID-funded agriculture development project in Malawi. The projected five-year contract will be designed to strengthen the competitiveness of the soy, groundnut and orange fleshed sweet potato value chains, improve the nutritional status of women and children under five, and build the capacity of Malawian agriculture and nutrition small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The project will encourage value chain innovations that increase productivity and help farmers in Malawi’s south central region earn higher incomes.
We are looking for expressions of interest from experienced and qualified development professionals specialized in one of the following technical areas:
Organizational Capacity Building
Women and Youth Inclusion
Small and Medium Enterprise Development
Finance and Administration
Required Skills and Qualifications:
Bachelor’s degree in related field of expertise;
8+ years of experience in technical area;
Experience working on international projects; and
Fluency in English.
Desired Skills and Qualifications:
Development work experience in the region;
Local language ability; and
Experience working on USAID funded projects.
Local country candidates are encouraged to apply.Please note only finalists will be contacted. No phone calls please.We are an Equal Opportunity and Affirmative Action Employer. Land O'Lakes enforces a policy of maintaining a drug-free workforce.
HOW TO APPLY:


We are using a garden area that has fallen into disuse to establish a thriving, accessible food-growing garden that will offer gardening opportunities to children and adults of all abilities. Existing raised beds will be utilised as well as new containers. The garden will incorporate a relaxing sensory area. Steps will be taken to encourage wildlife (including maintaining an adjacent and recently disused wildlife area) and provide teaching opportunities about wildlife and environmental issues. The garden will be used for an after-school club, class topic teaching, as well as group and individual sessions during the school day. There will be an emphasis on wellbeing and healthy eating through growing, cooking and eating vegetables, fruit and herbs.
Highly Commended award in Best School Garden, Blooming Lambeth Awards 2019


A simple question we get asked all the time is what do grain farmers do in the winter? What do you think we do? We have a lot of jobs we have to do all winter long...Here are a few of DRW Farms Top Ten.
1. Hauling grain is most important-we take the grain out of our bins and haul to the grain terminals. As it takes pretty much all winter to get it all hauled out.
2. Lots and lots and lots and did I say lots of PAPERWORK!!!
3. We work on equipment and do a lot of Maintenance in the shop.
4. Lots of cleaning goes on as our machines as they get really dirty and muddy...and my OCD son can't stand that!
5. All the yield reports and spreadsheets get scrutinized and gone thru...my husband never thinks that my computer is correct..and usually double checks it cause you know he has it all in his computer(his head)
6. Insurance meetings take place during this time as we always need to work on our yields for the end of the year and go over each field with crop adjusters.
7. TAXES TAXES TAXES-can you tell I hate this one by the caps! And yes Farmers DO Pay TAXES!
8. This year we have done a lot of pushing snow. My husband also pushes out three other family and farm driveways for our neighbors too.
9. Budget planning for the year is a must!
10. Planning what products we are going to use at DRW Farms is always a priority in the winter months too and we usually work with our local Coop in helping us try-(key word is TRY) to make the best decisions we can to make it a successful new crop year!
One of our trucks is pulled under the grain leg where the grain will dump in the trailer of the semi and load it up with corn. Then #sodbuster will take the semi to the grain terminal. He usually tries to get 7 or 8 loads out a day which is around 8000 bushels he moves a day. Then if you multiply that out for a week in the winter he hauls around 40,000-45,000 bushels of grain.
Here is one of the biggest projects of the winter was this semi conversion. The boys along with their father took the sleeper off of one of our older semis. They wanted it easier for everyone to be able to drive. It's easier now to see out of and also easier to move around from field to field. It's still the same length but much easier to turn around and get in and out of fields without the sleeper on.
And you have to admit it looks a lot better...and as my sons hashtags were...#daycabconversion #pete # stretch #nomoresleeper and he says it needs of course new paint job. Maybe they can save that for WINTER 2016. Now I don't even want to think about that yet!!


- Great for tackling stubborn tap roots
- Breaks up compacted and heavy clay soils
- Rust-resistant stainless steel
This two-pronged Sneeboer weeder loosens the earth around roots so you can easily slide out stubborn weeds.
Sharp and strong, the fork can slice through even the most compacted and heavy clay soils. Drive it firmly into the ground to break up soil and pull out entire weeds along with their roots.
With a long, narrow head - 4cm wide and 17cm long - the fork is the perfect shape for tackling deep tap-rooted weeds while causing minimal disruption to nearby plants.
The weeder is hand forged from rust-resistant stainless steel and finished with a smooth FSC-certified cherry wood handle.
Head W4cm x L17cm
Total length 31cm
About Sneeboer tools
Founded in 1913, Dutch toolmaker Sneeboer is renowned for making premium hand forged stainless steel tools using traditional techniques.
Their master craftsmen combine old-fashioned attention to detail with an appetite for innovation, which has produced some of the best-performing garden tools we've come across - strong, well-balanced and a pleasure to use.
All Sneeboer tools in our range are made from lightweight, corrosion-resistant stainless steel which has been shaped, polished and sharpened by hand and fitted with an FSC-certified solid wood handle.
The metal component of every tool carries a lifetime guarantee.


Organic Food Iberia 2020, the organic industry show that will be held on June 3 and 4 in Madrid, will have more than 600 exhibitors. In addition to Spanish producers, there will be a wide international presence, with representatives from the United States, South Korea, France, the United Kingdom and Austria. Participation at the event has been promoted in partnership with the Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA) and the Inter-American Commission on Organic Agriculture (CIAO), which will have its own over 50 square meter pavilion this year.
Meanwhile, the European market will be represented by brands from Bulgaria, Germany, the Netherlands, Portugal, Denmark, Belgium, Italy, Greece and the United Kingdom.
Spanish products and distributors
Attendees will have the chance to visit the pavilions of Madrid, Navarre, La Rioja, Galicia and the Region of Valencia, as well as Castile-La Mancha, which is participating for the first time. For its part, Andalusia will also have its own pavilion with more than 100 producers.
The list of exhibitors includes Delicious & Sons, a producer of sauces and pestos; Biocop, a distributor of organic products; Levante Import Export, specialized in fruits, vegetables and nuts; Anecoop S. Coop, a cooperative specialized in fruits and vegetables; Alternative 3, a fairtrade store; Ekotrebol, which will be showcasing soft drinks, oils and wines; Gourmundo, a specialist in the gourmet organic world in which wines, champagnes and spirits stand out; Capsa Food, a dairy products specialist; Herbes De La Conca, showcasing its spices, teas and chocolates; Runakay Plus with its vegetable drinks based on superfoods; Solé Chocolates, Comfresh Ibérico, etc.
Specialized areas at Organic Food Iberia
The event will feature three different specialized theaters: The Organic Theater, La Cocina, and the Eco Living Theater, as well as an area devoted to organic spirits: Organic Wine Iberia, and two innovative spaces, which will serve to present the latest organic and natural products launched in the past year.


The Bloomberg Commodity Index dropped roughly 10% for the month amid rising supplies and Chinese demand concerns -- the worst monthly performance since September 2011. Corn and soybean futures extended their price declines this week and there's more near-term downside risk given the fact funds are still net long. Wheat futures also finished July under pressure on concerns about the competitiveness of U.S. supplies on the global market. Live cattle enjoyed some post-report short-covering, but lean hog futures posted sharp losses on Friday as traders recognize seasonals are turning bearish.
We take a detailed look at the Cattle Inventory Report -- and much more -- in this week's newsletter.
Pro Farmer Editor Brian Grete highlights this week's newsletter below:
Click here to subscribe to the Pro Farmer newsletter.
Pro Farmer Members have access to the daily news that moves the markets and impacts farm policy at ProFarmer.com.
Click here to request a free trial.


VIP Auto Seeds
VIP Auto Seeds
Seed Breeder : VIP Seeds
Genetic Origin : White Dwarf x Auto AK
Pack sizes : 3 Auto Seeds
Available Seed Types : Feminized Cannabis Seeds
Flowering / Harvest time : 60 Days
Yield : 500 grams per m2 / 35 – 170 grams per plant outdoor
Height : Medium
THC : Medium
Easy to grow autoflowering seeds with great results.
VIP Auto Seeds Review.
When a high quality seed bank names a Cannabis strain after itself, it is going to have to be something special, and with VIP Auto from VIP Seeds, that is definitely the case.
White Dwarf and AK Autoflowering have been brought together to offer an easy to grow strain of autoflowering Cannabis seeds that is strong, fast, and insatiably productive, whilst still carrying all the best attributes of its parentage.
This little lady delivers up to 500 grams per m2 when growing Cannabis indoors, and even more when you put her outside, but she still has all the power and effect that her parents have to offer.
The fresh, minty flavor is something that everyone will adore. Just make sure it stays away from novice tokers as VIP Auto seeds can lock you to the couch before you’ve even finished your smoke.
Stress, anxiety and chronic pain have nothing on this baby, but with a short sturdy structure, no one else even has to know what you are growing.
Even if you are not normally a fan of autoflowering Cannabis seeds, VIP Auto is sure to be the strain that converts you, but for avid followers of the Auto, overlooking this little beauty would be a crime.
Find All The VIP Autoflowering Seeds Below.


Nice large acreage tract with mature pine timber with frontage on three roads. This property is close to Summerville and Ridgeville while still easy to access the Cane Bay area. This property would make an excellent large acreage investment just outside these areas and can be used as a home site or for agricultural use. Very close to the new Volvo plant and interchange.
From Summerville, take Highway 78 To Myers Mayo Road in Ridgeville. Turn right on Myers Mayo and the property is on the left before you get to I-26.


Pecan South Magazine, April 2007
By Unknown Author
BRYAN, TX— Whether it’s a backlash of too much fast food, lack of variety or just a growing awareness of health issues, more and more ...
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Q.Fiddle Leaf Fig Problems
I’ve had my fiddle leaf fig for a few months now, repotted about a month ago because it appeared root bound. For the most part, the fig looks pretty healthy and is sprouting a new leaf every week! Some things are troubling me that I’d like to address before they get out of hand.
1. Clusters of small rusty brown spots on leaves, newest leaves have minor clusters as well
2. There are annoying gnats crawling in soil and flying around tree.
3. Older leaves have some dark blackish spots (they had when I bought the tree) and are dry and cracked. Also, some leaf curling and “crunchiness” around edges.
I water the tree once a week with a few cups of water to make soil evenly wet. Pot is 1/3 full with stones at bottom and topped with Miracle Grow moisture control soil.
Sounds like your Fig might be suffering from Fig Rust and/or Leaf Blight. These articles may help you identify and treat it: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/fruits/figs/figs-disease-rust.htm
The gnats that you see happily hanging around your tree are likely fungus gnats or soil gnats, and they generally don't do any harm, but the larvae of certain types can damage the plant when they feed on the roots. This article may help you get these tiny bugs under control:


Authors: Taimoor Akhtar, Narayan Kumar Shrestha, Prasad Daggupati
Published in: CSBE-SCGAB Technical Conferences » 5th CIGR and AGM Quebec City 2021 » World Congress on Computers in Agriculture and Natural Resources
Download RAW file:
Description: Sustainable management of agriculture-intensive watersheds is a challenging problem that has short-term and long-term trade-offs between economic costs (e.g., costs associated with nutrient management, Best Management Practices (BMPs) etc.) and environmental benefits (e.g. phosphorus load reduction). These trade-offs can be visualized and analyzed by combining multi-criteria optimization algorithms and watershed simulation models into integrated decision support tools. This study couples the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) watershed model with a novel Multi-Criteria Optimization framework, to assist decision makers in identifying cost-effective BMP application locations within a watershed. The coupled decision support tool is applied to watersheds in Ontario. Results show that our decision support tool can assist decision makers in identifying cost-optimal BMP application locations, to achieve pre-defined phosphorus load reduction targets.
Conference name: 5th CIGR International Conference and CSBE-SCGAB AGM 2021, Quebec City,QC, 11-14 May 2021.
Session name: World Congress on Computers in Agriculture and Natural Resources (WCCA 1)
Publication type: Presentation
Language 1: en
Rights: Canadian Society for Bioengineering


We offer an innovative, highly efficient and fully sustainable seed disinfection treatment.
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ThermoSeed is a highly efficient process that aims to control a wide range of seed-borne pathogens responsible for common and serious plant diseases. It provides a great alternative or complement to chemical seed treatment and its economic efficiency, along with its remarkable performance, makes it highly attractive to both the seed industry and the farmers. ThermoSeed uses the innovative and patented thermal disinfection tool which applies hot humid air to the seeds as a form of steam pasteurization. The technology has been commercially available on industrial scale since 2005, and it is now used by our customers and partners on the following crops:
Led by the original team that created the ThermoSeed technology, ThermoSeed Global AB is a Swedish company that focuses on developing that same technology for the global seed disinfection market. It was launched when the concept was taken over from Incotec as part of a Management Buy-Out on December 7th, 2016. This came as a result of the acquisition of Incotec by Croda, and their subsequent decision to concentrate on business areas relevant to the collaboration with the acquirer.Press release
ThermoSeed is a unique innovative treatment for effective control of seed-borne pathogens by the use of hot humid air. It provides sound and healthy seeds with optimum germination and crop yield. The uniqueness of ThermoSeed™ lies in a combination of state-of-the-art process engineering, seed biology and seed processing technology.


26 LED Solar Flag Pole Light Night Bright Powered Waterproof LED Flagpole SALE. Travel Wash Cosmetic Shoulder Bag Makeup Storage Case Organizer Bride Artist New. Rustproof Bath Shower Curtain Hooks Ring Stainless Steel 12 PCS Set Double Glide.Shower Curtain Hook Rings For Bathroom Stainless Steel Double Glide 12 Pcs Set. Folding Stable Wig Stand Plastic Display Hair Hat Cap Holder Durable Portable US.
1500W LED Grow Light Hydro Full Spectrum Veg Flower Indoor Plant Lamp Panel SALE. 1500W Equivalent, actual power comsumption 340W. 16.14 x 8.27 x 2.83 inches. Quantity: 1 pieces 1500W LED grow light. High efficient and much brighter.Energy saving led grow light, great replace for the HID/HPS/MH. 1500W Equivalent, actual power comsumption: 340W only. Long lifespan up to 50,000hrs.
Red:630nm-660nm; Blue:430nm-470nm; Orange: 590nm-610nm. White:6500K 3500K; IR:730nm; UV:380nm; bring proper wavelength that are beneficial to plants. Best for both growing stage and blooming stage.In greenhouses, plant factory, greenhouse farming, flower farming, indoor gardens. Water soluble breeding, pipeline cultivation, farm, potted plants, spray the plant, tissue culture and so on. Chips brand: 10W Epistar double chips. Red 100pcs, Blue 36pcs, orange 2pcs, white 8pcs, UV 2pcs, IR 2pcs. The IR led is not very bright but it's helpful for flowering.
Power: 1500W, Actual Power Consumption: 340W. Consumes less energy and much more brighter. Dimension: 41021072mm (16.14 x 8.27 x 2.83inches). W: 3.5 KG/4 KG. Coverage Area: about 4x 4.5 Square Feet The lighting area and the height are changeable according to.1X 1500W LED grow light. Here is how specific wavelength works. 280-315nm: Less influence for plant's growth.
315-400nm: (UV)Absorb less chlorophyll, prevent stem growth. 400-520nm: (Blue): Absorb much chlorophyll and carotenoid, helpful for photosynthesis.520-610nm: (Green): Absorb little chlorophyll. 610-720nm: (Red): Increase photosynthesis for plants, help growth.
Vegetative Stage: 12-14 hours on. Flowering Stage: 9-12 hours on. Fruiting Stage: 7-8 hours on. Suggest distance above plants: 1.2-2m. If you have not received your item after 7 days, please do not hurry to open case to us.If you have not received your item after 7 days, please don't hurry to open case to us. If you have not received your item after 65 days, please don't hurry to open case to us. We are also happy to offer personalized discounts for larger order.
Your better comments will be an encouragement for us to offer the better quality and the better service in future. We shall try our best to solve your problem to your satisfaction. The item "1500W LED Grow Light Hydro Full Spectrum Veg Flower Indoor Plant Lamp Panel SALE" is in sale since Wednesday, January 17, 2018.
This item is in the category "Home & Garden\Yard, Garden & Outdoor Living\Gardening Supplies\Hydroponics & Seed Starting\Grow Light Kits". The seller is "lovelybuyshop" and is located in KY. This item can be shipped to United States.


You’re shocked, right? It’s only been a week, and here I am already giving you a new garden update. I promise to be brief this time, for once. So, let’s get to it: Continue reading →
Tags: blossom end rot, cosmic purple carrots, garden update, meyer lemon is growing, sour cherry harvest, zucchini
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I bought an apple tree (sapling) on sale in the garden centre. I wanted the particular species because of local connection/history and the only one I could afford was the sale one.
The trouble is that it's been in the pot for an eternity. I made sure to ease the roots out well before planting and added lots of well rotted compost to the hole. However, it has about 5 main branches which have all become quite long and whippy where it's been in the pot so long I guess. So it's sort of tall and thin instead of medium and we'll rounded. Should I cut these back a bit or leave it alone this year? It has buds all over.


Thursday, March 22, 2012
I Want to Do This
I can't buy all the things I want, especially delphinium and foxglove and heliotrope. Don't do great growing them from seed in the ground. If I had a nice bench like this outside, I could easily recognize what I have and they'd be ground-ready, versus what I do under lights.
Speaking of lights, so far I have had luck with lupin, heliotrope, penstemon, dwarf hollyhock, sweetpeas. Not so much luck with delphs and hollyhock for some reason. First attempt at winter sowing-- jury is still out.


MUMBAI (Commodity Online): Coriander futures at India’s National Commodity and Derivatives Exchange (NCDEX) rose 2.3% in morning trade on Thursday due to good demand in spot markets and expectations of fall in acreage.
Coriander December contract rose 2.3% to Rs 4838 after witnessing profit booking on Wednesday. Near term support for Coriander is seen at Rs 4500, 4490 levels while resistance is seen at Rs 4890 Rs 4908 levels, according to Sreekumar Raghavan, Chief Commodity Strategist at Commodity Online. On daily charts, the upward momentum was paused on Wednesday due to profit booking, but present indications point to a further move ahead before a reversal is possible, he added. Fall in rabi acreage may continue to give firm support to prices.
According to market source, farmers in Rajasthan had shifted to chana and mustard from coriander in the current rabi season. In the meantime, coriander sowing will gain pace after Diwali. Total arrivals of coriander in major spot markets in Rajasthan increased to 15000 bags (1bag=40kg). Arrivals in Kota were near 3000 bags with spot price Rs.4000 per 100kg.


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The riff: Joked by Crow as a tractor is shown with a plowing implement, breaking up the fields. Joel and the other robots groan at this apparently poor joke.
The explanation: They’re groaning because it’s a pun. A harrow, as it turns out, is the tilling implement consisting of many small rotating blades, pulled behind a tractor. It is typically used after larger plows are used to break up dry ground. The smaller harrow blades can then break up larger clumps and smooth the surface out so it is ready for seeding.
Novelty factor: I grew up in the suburbs, okay? The only time we experienced anything harrowing was when power outages interrupted our videogame playing.
NOW ENJOY THIS HOT HARROWING ACTION!


Planting in Fall for Spring Color - via Zoom
Speaker: Butch Ewing
Nothing signals the end of winter better than color in your landscape. To enjoy spring color you need to plan ahead, and now is the perfect time to be thinking about your landscape plan. Learn from Extension Master Gardener Butch Ewing about combining perennials, annuals, bulbs, and shrubs in order to have spring color next year and for many years to come. Be ready for the show when winter is over.
Class will be held via Zoom. To register: www.wichitalibrary.org/gardening.
A link to the program will be provided to registrants.
Thursday, July 30, 2020 at 6:00pm to 7:30pm


Jining Fuyuan Fruits And Vegetables Co., Ltd.
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We supply and buy second hand tractors, diggers, telehandlers, dumpers, plant and equipment of all types.
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JOHN DEERE 6220 TRACTOR
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The invention relates generally to methods and compositions concerning
desaturase enzymes that modulate the number and location of double bonds
in long chain poly-unsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA's). In particular,
the invention relates to methods and compositions for improving omega-3
fatty acid profiles in plant products and parts using desaturase enzymes
and nucleic acids encoding for such enzymes. In particular embodiments,
the desaturase enzymes are Tetraselmis suecica delta 6 desaturases. Also
provided are improved soybean oil compositions having GLA and SDA.


SCEA LUDOVIC GAUJAL
DescriptionWith Sète and Thau lagoon as a backdrop, the Protected designation Picpoul de Pinet produces one of the most astonishing white wines of the region. The domain run by Laurent Gaujal is in this respect a reference. Passed down from generation to generation, each acre of land, each plot of vine has its story, patiently and constantly remodelled throughout the time.
1 rue Ludovic Gaujal . BP 1


Wednesday, November 11, 2009
Preparing Property To Increase Farm Operation
Here is my oldest son cutting trees on our property to open up the canopy for the sun to reach the ground so grass can grow. This project will take us the fall/winter season to complete. As you can see we have a lot of work to do on cutting the smaller trees that are being smothered out by larger trees. So wish us luck and if you want to help please give me a call :-) We could use more chainsaws and able bodies.


May all be fed.
May all be healed.
May all be loved.
Spring is always a fickle season, but this year’s temperature spikes have been radical, and I am
I want to share this written explanation of building tomato cages which comes to me via a gardeni
Planting an asparagus bed may well be the smartest thing you do this year, right up there with re
I make this for breakfast. It is a great way to start the day!
KGI is a nonprofit community of over 30,000 people who are growing some of our own food and helping others to do the same.
Join our mailing list:
Connect with us:
Kitchen Gardeners International
3 Powderhorn Drive,
Scarborough, ME, 04074, USA


Malaysian based United Tropical Fruit Sdn. Bhd. (UTFSB), a fully owned subsidiary of the Plantations International Agroforestry Group Of Companies, is very pleased to announce that it has entered into a Multi-Year Collaboration Agreement with University Institute Technology MARA (UiTM), which is an Agro Technology based university in Jengka, Pahang, Malaysia to develop Malaysia’s first and only Organic Musang King Durian Research & Development Centre.
As part of the Collaboration Agreement, the United Tropical Fruit Development Team will work side by side with the Team Of Researchers & Scientist from UiTM Jengka Campus, to develop the highest and purest quality Organic Musang King Durian Saplings for UTF’s Plantations in Pahang, Malaysia and other various locations in the country.
United Tropical Fruit’s managing Director Dr. Raymond Samy said, “United Tropical Fruit has been in the forefront of the Organic Musang King Durian Business since its inception, but there is always room for improvement. With the Collaboration Agreement with UiTM and the unprecedented access to the great minds of the UiTM Scientific & Research Team it offers, United Tropical Fruit will take the word ORGANIC Musang King to a new level never seen before in the Durian Industry” in Malaysia, Asia and break new grounds in the Asia Pacific Region as well as the European Markets.
The United Tropical Fruit Organic Musang King Nursery, which will be located on-site UiTM Campus, in Jengka, Pahang, will grow the Organic Musang King Saplings for all the United Tropical Fruit Plantations in Malaysia as well as License them out to Third Party Musang King Farmers for Domestic Sales only, while retaining full exclusivity to the Export Market, thus making Plantations International the only source of Commercial-Grade 100% Organic Musang King Durian in all of Asia.
For more information:
Plantations International Co. Limited
4th floor, Trendy Office Building
Sukhumvit Soi 13, Bangkok
Tel.: +66 3313 5380


I have 2 Filicium decipiens (Japanese fern trees). One of them is turning yellow while the other is beautiful and green. What's wrong? What do I do to save my tree?
Certified GKH Gardening Expert
Chlorosis (yellowing) is common in these plants and is often the result of an iron deficiency, but may be attributed to unseasonably cooler temps as well. Here is more information: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/environmental/leaf-chlorosis-and-iron.htm


Large Japanese Banana Tree - Musa Basjoo
- Add a tropical touch to any home or garden
- Large, green paddle leaves - Can grow up to 3 meters in length
- Produces creamy yellow flowers and brown bracts in summer
- Fast Growing - Ideal for use in pots for display in homes, offices and patios
- Can produce small inedible banana like fruits - Ideal for jungle and exotic themes.
The Japanese Banana Tree adds a tropical atmosphere to any garden. This stunning plant produces large paddle-like leaves, in a bright green shade, which can grow up to 3 meters
long. Providing a jungle like feel when kept in the home, office or garden, the Japanese Banana is ideal for keeping in large planters.
This Banana produces creamy yellow flowers, during the summer months, with an interesting addition of large brown bracts (coloured leaves). After the flowers, the plant can produce inedible banana like fruits, when given the optimum conditions. Though a hardy plant, protection from the frosty months helps to keep the plant healthy.
Japanese Banana Trees are very fast growing, evergreen trees, which can reach the height of 5 meters. The height can be controlled by the planting space it is given. An ideal addition to Conservatories, Greenhouses, Offices or Homes and gardens.
Pot size: 22 cm
Height (inc pot): 150 cm approximately.


NAICC meeting has precision ag focus
JACKSONVILLE, FLA. -- A Focus on Precision Workshop kicked off the general member activities of the annual meeting for the National Alliance of Independent Crop Consultants.
The half-day breakout sessions allowed crop consultants to see demonstrations of precision agriculture tools that could be of value to them and their clients. The company representatives for four companies provided software training breakout sessions. Simultaneous sessions with consultants switching every half hour allowed very small group discussions.
The companies and their representatives making presentations and software training were David Krueger, Ag Renaissance; Aaron Disrud, Precision Partners; Luke James, Ag Leader; and Kevin Abts, CropMetrics.
The annual meeting for NAICC is being held at Jacksonville, Fla., and will run through Saturday morning, Jan. 26. The number of pre-registered attendees was slightly more than 600.
Precisions agriculture will be a main focus of several presentations throughout the annual meeting for the crop consultants’ breakouts. Separate breakout presentations for researcher consultants and quality assurance representatives are also on the schedule.
Thursday morning’s precision sessions include “Yield Data Analysis” by John McGuire, Simplified Technology Services, and “The Good, the Bad and the Ugly of Precision Agriculture” by Kelly Robertson, Precision Crop Services.
Self-contained hydraulic system with power cables (hydraulic). Tandem Henschen axles (hydraulic). Hydraulic fenders. Manual or hydraulic tilt. 6,500-gallon tank.
- Are you in favor of a federal labeling standard for food that might contain genetically modified ingredients?
- Commentary: Barking up the wrong tree
- Water allocation for most drought-stricken Calif. farms to end
- Larson Electronics offers 150 Watt LED high bay light fixture
- Panama says 'go' to GM mosquito evaluation
- Conference to address “What’s Next for Farmland Values”
Blend and Bulk Tower Systems


Kind K5 Series XL750 LED Indoor Grow Light
- Dimensions: 23″ x 17″ x 3.5″
- Weight: 28 lbs.
- Actual Wattage: 430w
- HID Wattage Equivalent: 750w.
- Total Diodes: 208
- Diodes Wattage: Perfect Mix of 3w & 5w
- Footprint: 4' x 4'
- Input Voltage: 100-240V AC Power Input
- Output Voltage: UL Standard Output Voltage – Less than 76V DC
- Amperage: 3.58
- Kind Factor: 10/10
LED vs. HPS
Kind LED grow lights use about half the electricity as HPS lights, produce much more yield per watt, and produce less heat eliminating the need for extra fans. Studies have shown an increase in oil production and quality, closer inter-nodal spacing, and denser fruits and flowers when using Kind LED lights.
The individual diodes are set to a specific color and in a specific proportion, emitting the exact spectrum that a developing plant needs to thrive, with little to no waste. The 12 band complete spectrum is designed to perfectly match the growth needs of your plants.
Kind LED vs. other similar LED companies
These K5 Kind LED lights will match or outperform any other similar 5 watt setup that is seen often throughout the web, regardless of price or claims. Kind LED Grow Lights are truly one of a KIND. A single Kind K5 Series LED Grow Light Eliminates the need for ALL of the following:
- Costly Metal Halide (MH) Vegetation Lighting
- Heat Producing High Pressure Sodium (HPS) Flowering Lighting
- Expensive Ballasts
- Noisy Inline Fans Used to Cool Traditional "Hot Running" HID Lighting
- Air Conditioning to Bring Down Excessive Heat
- Water Chillers to Cool Down Boiling Reservoir Temperatures
- Ducting & Extra Timers
To Grow the Best, Grow WITH the Best, KIND LED.
Kind LED Lights Shipping Info: Unless there are delays due to unforeseen circumstances, orders will ship within 72 business hours from receipt of payment.
Kind K5 Series XL750 LED Indoor Grow Light Warranty consists of a 90 Day Full Warranty, 3 Year Limited Warranty.


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Rlb from Georgia writes
Talstar P is a water based concentrate. Most Emulsifiable concentrates have the initials EC after the name of the product.
Answer last updated on: 12/15/2011
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