TEXT: Cold Warriors
  Shooter’s Guide:
  
  Credits
   
  G-1 (AdministrAtion)
   
  Design: Keith Taylor
   
  G-2 (intelliGenCe)
  Copyright © 2009 by 93 Games Studio. 
   Except for the purposes of reviews, reproduction without the written permission of 93 Games Studio is expressly forbidden. No part of 
  this publication may be reproduced, by any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of 93 Games Studio. Character 
  sheets and other game aids contained in this book may be reproduced for personal use. All characters, names, places and text herein are 
  copyright by 93 Games Studio.
  Twilight: 2013 is based on Twilight: 2000 by Game Designers’ Workshop, and is published under license. The mention of or reference to 
  any company or product in this product is not a challenge to any trademark or copyright concerned.
  Spycraft and all related marks are 
  TM and © 2006 Alderac Entertainment Group, Inc. and are used under license. All rights reserved.
   
  G-3 (operAtions)
  Written By: Clayton Oliver
   
  G-4 (loGistiCs)
  Production Director: Keith Taylor
   
  Editing: Keith Taylor
   
  Layout & Typesetting: Keith Taylor
   
  G-6 (CommuniCAtion)
  Additional downloads can be found at the 93 Games Studio website
  http://www.93gamesstudio.com
  Additional information regarding Spycraft can be found at
  http://www.crafty-games.com
  
  1
  Cold WArriors
  Before World War II, the bolt-action rifle was 
  the near-universal standard for infantry weapons. 
  The trench warfare of the Great War had proven the 
  utility of automatic fire in the form of early machine 
  guns, but most militaries resisted the idea of placing 
  such capability in the hands of every soldier.  The 
  thinking of the day considered even semi-automatic 
  weapons to be hazards to marksmanship, as their 
  increased rate of fire would encourage soldiers to 
  waste ammunition in the heat of battle.
  The battlefields of World War II disproved such 
  notions.  Troops equipped with the semi-automatic 
  rifles of the day found their increased rate of fire to be 
  a significant force multiplier when opposing riflemen 
  with bolt-action weapons.  True, some of the war’s 
  lessons – particularly those regarding engagement 
  ranges and intermediate-power cartridges – failed to 
  overcome conservative design philosophies, but the 
  superiority of a weapon that didn’t require manual 
  intervention for chambering each round was obvious 
  to all observers by the mid-1940s.  Out of this came 
  the battle rifle: a semi- or fully automatic rifle feeding 
  from a detachable magazine, firing a high-powered 
  cartridge, and capable of accurately delivering lethal 
  energy at a thousand meters’ distance.
  As infantry weapon evolution goes, the era of the 
  battle rifle was relatively short-lived.  Even as the 
  breed gained ascendance in the early Cold War, WWII 
  combat observations and German and Soviet work 
  on intermediate-power weapons were influencing 
  the next generation of weapons.  The changing 
  face of warfare in the atomic era – and weakening 
  support for traditional views of the rifleman’s role 
  and armament – called for smaller calibers, lighter 
  construction, shorter engagement ranges, and more 
  controllable automatic fire.  By these standards, 
  battle rifles were overbuilt.  By the 1980s, battle rifles 
  had fallen out of favor in most militaries, supplanted 
  by lower-powered assault rifles.
  Old weapons never die, however.  A generation 
  of warriors around the world trained and fought with 
  battle rifles, and their opinions on engineering and 
  ballistics still influence modern shooters.  Collectors, 
  hobbyists, competitors, and neophytes alike find 
  an atavistic resonance in hand-assembled blued 
  steel and lacquered wood that they just can’t feel in 
  Crack!  “Low.  Five o’clock, three feet.”
  Training day is a biweekly event, lately, as the ammo supply from Arbil is getting thinner.  At the 
  moment, Dunivan is working a target – a man-sized silhouette spray-painted on a rock – at 300 yards 
  while Sergeant Scott spots and coaches.  I’m not looking forward to my turn.  At that range, I can see the 
  damn boulder if I squint, and my Kalashnikov is not exactly a precision weapon from three football fields 
  away.
  Crack!  “Low.  Six o’clock, four feet.  Are you sure you have that thing set for three hundred?”
  Dunivan checks the sights on his M4, grimaces, softly bangs his forehead against the ground, then clicks 
  in a correction.  “Uh... it is now, Sergeant.”
  Scott stares skyward.  “Ull, forgive him.  Try again, Dunivan.”
  Crack!  “Better.  Hit.”
  Dunivan cranks out six more rounds before his much-abused rifle jams.  “Crap!”
  “Got you covered, Tom.  Mind if I tap in?”  Streeter flops down beside Dunivan and unfolds the bipod on 
  his FAL without waiting for permission.
  “How do you manage to keep turning up ammunition for that dinosaur when Brigade has been out for 
  months?”  Scott asks rhetorically.  “Never mind.  Engage, Aircraftman.”
  Wham!  Compared to the sharp reports of M4s, the FAL is like a hammer directly to the ear.  The muzzle 
  blast lifts dust in an eight-foot cone.
  “Miss.  Having an off day, Vincent?”
  Streeter frowns slightly, peers through his scope, and fires again.  Again.  Again.  “No, Sergeant, I’d 
  have to say I’m pretty well dialed in.”
  I can’t see where he’s hitting, but there’s a haze out there... I bring up my binoculars just in time to see 
  the last rock chips pattering to earth.  Around the target at six hundred yards.  Sergeant Scott spots it at the 
  same time I do.  “Damn it, Streeter...”
  “Sorry, Sergeant.”  Streeter is thoroughly unapologetic.  “Got a bit ahead of myself there.  Comes of 
  having a man’s rifle, you know...”
  
  2
  computer-sculpted alloy and polymer.  Through the 
  military surplus market and modern reproductions, 
  millions of copies of these guns exist in civilian hands. 
  Some militaries, too, still use them – from Africa to 
  Scandinavia, there remains a place in the armory for 
  power and range.
  In recent years, the battle rifle has received a new 
  lease on life as assault rifles prove inadequate to some 
  of the challenges their wielders face.  The changing 
  face of warfare once again calls for a weapon capable 
  of striking at distances beyond the capabilities of 
  intermediate-power cartridges.  In the mountains 
  and deserts of West Asia, troops deploy with 
  reconditioned battle rifles older than they themselves 
  are.  Refurbished and accurized, these weapons are 
  the forerunners of up-and-coming “designated 
  marksman rifles,” giving shooters the ability to reach 
  out and touch their enemies from afar.
  This supplement for Spycraft 2.0 and the Reflex 
  System examines a double handful of battle rifles, 
  ranging from the obscure to the iconic.  Full traits are 
  presented for both game systems.
  the rifles
  Ag-42 (Ljungmann Ag m/42)
  As World War II spread across Europe, the 
  Swedish military found itself short of bolt-action 
  Mauser rifles to equip its troops.  Sweden’s own Mauser 
  production facility was already running at capacity, 
  so the government sought a supplemental source of 
  infantry weapons.  Using Russian AVS-36 and SVT-
  40 rifles captured by Finland during the Winter War, 
  designers produced a prototype semi-automatic rifle 
  chambered for the 6.5x55mm cartridge already in 
  Swedish service.  The resulting Automatiskgevär m/42 
  entered production in 1942.
  Unlike most battle rifles, which used gas pressure 
  on a piston to actuate the extraction and loading 
  mechanism, the Ag-42 was a direct impingement 
  design, channeling gas pressure directly to the bolt 
  carrier without an intervening mechanical linkage. 
  Such a system (most notably seen in the AR-15/M16 
  series of assault rifles) is subject to fouling if not properly 
  maintained or if used extensively with ammunition that 
  fails to combust cleanly.  The Ag-42 was not immune to 
  this hazard, and rifles from the initial production run 
  were prone to jamming.  Throughout World War II, 
  Ag-42s were issued on a basis of only a few per infantry 
  platoon, with Model 1896 and 1938 bolt-action rifles 
  remaining the standard Swedish infantry arm.
  In 1953, a product improvement program resolved 
  most of the Ag-42’s reliability problems.  Most of the 
  rifles in Swedish inventory were converted to this Ag-
  42B configuration.  The weapon remained in service 
  until the 1960s, when it was phased out in favor of the 
  Ak 4, a license-built copy of the H&K G3A3.
  Current Status: No Ag-42s are known to remain 
  in military service.  Where legal, they’re available on 
  the civilian market.
  By the Numbers
  Here’s a quick rundown of some weights and 
  measures to define the difference between battle 
  rifles and assault rifles – and to illustrate some 
  of the reasons the battle rifle’s dominance was so 
  brief.
  Caliber and cartridge: Battle rifles typically 
  use the same cartridges employed in the bolt-action 
  rifles they replaced, with muzzle energies around 
  3,400 Joules and bullet diameters of 7mm-8mm 
  or thereabouts.  Assault rifles deliver about half 
  this muzzle energy with smaller bullets: 5mm-6mm 
  and 1,750 Joules.  These numbers roughly define 
  the difference between “full” or “high power” and 
  “intermediate power.”  The respective qualities of 
  these cartridges affect most of the following design 
  and performance elements.
  Expected engagement range: Battle rifles, 
  like the bolt-action service rifles that preceded them, 
  are designed for open-field engagements at 400 to 
  800 meters.  Assault rifles are optimized for combat 
  at the ranges that were most common in World War 
  II and the Cold War: 250 to 400 meters.
  Weapon weight: A typical battle rifle weighs 
  in around 5 kilograms; a typical assault rifle shaves 
  a kilogram and a half off this weight.
  Ammunition weight: A loaded 20-round 
  magazine for a battle rifle is about 800 grams; a 
  loaded 30-round magazine for an assault rifle is 
  around 600 grams.  For the same amount of weight, 
  a soldier with an assault rifle can carry twice the 
  amount of ammunition.
  Recoil: Even with its lower weight, an assault 
  rifle’s recoil energy is about a quarter that of a battle 
  rifle.  Lower recoil means less muzzle climb during 
  rapid or automatic fire, as well as reduced shooter 
  fatigue.
  
  3
  Stage III Quirk (Reflex) – Needy x2: As a 
  consequence of its direct impingement operating 
  system, the Ag-42’s base maintenance requirement 
  is doubled (to 1 hour per period of use). 
  AVS-36
  As early as the mid-1920s, the Soviet Union was 
  experimenting with automatic rifles chambered for 
  the then-current 7.62x54mm service round.  Results 
  were thoroughly unsatisfactory until the early 1930s, 
  when engineers shifted their focus from recoil-
  operated to gas-operated systems.  In 1934, the Red 
  Army sponsored trials between two competing rifles.  
  Fyodor Tokarev’s prototype was initially unsuccessful, 
  but eventually would become the SVT-38 (see p. 9).  
  The winner of the competition was the design from 
  Sergei Simonov (better known for his later – and 
  vastly more successful – contribution of the SKS).
  Simonov’s design was type-standardized as the 
  Avtomaticheskaya Vintovka Simonova, 1936 model, 
  and entered full production in 1937.  The rifle was 
  a select-fire design (capable of both semi- and fully 
  automatic fire) with a massive muzzle brake.  It 
  fed from a 15-round detachable magazine, but the 
  operator also could lock the bolt open and reload or 
  top off with the same 5-round stripper clips used for 
  Mosin-Nagant rifles.  A small number of AVS-36s 
  were issued as sniper rifles, but there is no indication 
  that these weapons received any modification beyond 
  the addition of a scope.
  Once in the hands of soldiers, the SVT-36’s 
  deficiencies quickly became apparent.  Simonov’s 
  rifle was excessively complex and failure-prone. 
  Automatic fire with the powerful 7.6x54mm cartridge 
  at a high cyclic rate was thoroughly uncontrollable. 
  Under 40,000 of these rifles were built before 
  production was terminated in 1939.  Russia used the 
  SVT-36 through the early 1940s, and both Finland 
  (during the Winter War and Continuation War) 
  and Germany (on the Eastern Front) captured and 
  repurposed them as well.
  Current Status: The AVS-36 is a rare collector’s 
  item today.  By most accounts, all but a few thousand 
  were lost in combat during World War II or destroyed 
  by the Red Army after the war.
  Stage III Quirk (Reflex) – Unreliable 1: For 
  the purposes of triggering breakdowns, the AVS-36’s 
  Wear is considered to be 1 higher than its actual value. 
  This does not apply to a like-new (Wear 0) gun.
  Beretta BM59
  Italy’s contribution to the battle rifle field came in 
  the late 1950s.  Following the close of World War II, 
  the Italian military had re-armed with M1 Garands – 
  first American surplus models, later locally-produced 
  new examples.  When NATO adopted the 7.62x51mm 
  cartridge, Beretta launched a project to rechamber 
  and rework the M1 into a modern battle rifle.  The 
  result was the BM59, which looked remarkably similar 
  to the American M14 (q.v.): a Garand-based action 
  with a shortened barrel, a detachable magazine, and 
  automatic fire capability.
  The BM59 was built in several configurations.  The 
  basic model was a fixed-stock infantry rifle.  Alpini 
  and Paracadutisti models, respectively intended 
  for mountain and airborne troops, were built with 
  folding stocks.  The Mark IV was a squad automatic 
  weapon variant, featuring a longer, heavier barrel, an 
  integral bipod, and a pistol grip.  In addition to new 
  production, which ran from 1959 through the 1980s, 
  Beretta offered the service of refitting a customer’s 
  existing inventory of Garands to any BM59 version.
  Current Status: BM59s are common across 
  North Africa, where they continue to serve in several 
  national militaries.  The rifle left Italian service in the 
  1990s.  Semi-automatic civilian variants were sold 
  where legal and may still be found in the arsenals of 
  collectors or survivalists.
  CETME Model B
  After World War II, German armament engineers 
  scattered to the four winds.  Several landed in Spain, 
  working for the Centro de Estudios Técnicos y 
  Materiales Especiales.  One of their first assignments 
  was to develop a new battle rifle for Spanish use. 
  Though not a NATO member at the time, Spain saw 
  the advantages of the emerging standards of the day 
  and settled on the new 7.62x51mm cartridge for the 
  rifle.
  Initial designs called for a reduced-power 
  cartridge with the same dimensions as the NATO 
  round.  However, Spain’s close relationship with West 
  Germany led to Bundeswehr influence on the design, 
  and the second iteration – the Model B – was built 
  to handle full-power 7.62x51mm ammunition.  Spain 
  adopted this version in 1958, but continued to use 
  the low-powered ammunition for several years (for 
  game purposes, see the sidebar on p. 7 discussing the 
  
  4
  similar Japanese load).  More important to firearm 
  development during the Cold War, though, is the fact 
  that in 1959, the Model B returned home to West 
  Germany to be built under license by Heckler & Koch. 
  Its Bundeswehr service designation?  G3.
  Current Status: The Model B served as the 
  standard Spanish service rifle until its 5.56x45mm 
  Model L and LC variants replaced it in the 1980s.  
  Model Bs are still found throughout South and 
  Central America, and semi-automatic versions 
  are still available for civilian sale.  In theory, early 
  CETME Model B and H&K G3 parts and magazines 
  are interchangeable, but in practice, divergent 
  engineering evolution makes this a risky venture.
  FG 42
  The Fallschirmjägergewehr model 1942 was one 
  of several World War II weapons that arguably had a 
  direct influence on military rifle development to the 
  modern day.  Its creation began in 1941, when the 
  Luftwaffe identified the need for an automatic rifle 
  with which to equip its fallschirmjäger (paratroops 
  – literally “parachute hunter”) regiments.  Six 
  manufacturers submitted prototypes in response to 
  the Luftwaffe proposal; the Rheinmetall design was 
  selected and entered production in 1943.
  The new rifle’s role as a primary weapon for 
  airborne infantry required it to be as small and light 
  as possible – a daunting task, considering another 
  requirement for use of the 8mm Mauser cartridge. 
  The action was gas-operated and fully automatic, 
  feeding from a 20-round magazine inserted into 
  the left side, almost directly over the pistol grip.  An 
  integral bipod was standard, stowage for a spike 
  bayonet was present under the barrel, and many FG 
  42-equipped riflemen mounted telescopic sights to 
  their guns.
  Innovation came at a price: the FG 42 was a 
  complex rifle to manufacture.  Only 7,000 FG 42s 
  were produced by the end of the war.  This includes 
  all of several successive marques (none of which are 
  distinct for game purposes) which incorporated fixes 
  for various issues.  Despite its mechanical complexity, 
  ergonomic issues stemming from the magazine’s 
  placement, and punishing recoil, this rare weapon 
  quickly gained favor with the paratroopers to whom 
  it was issued.
  Current Status: All surviving FG 42s are in 
  museums or private collections and likely would 
  command exorbitant prices if put up for auction.  A 
  few semi-automatic civilian reproductions exist but, 
  due to scarcity, even these are more expensive than 
  their battlefield capabilities can justify.
  FN 49
  Work on the rifle that would become the FN 
  49 began in the late 1930s under the supervision of 
  Belgian engineer Dieudonné Saive (also responsible 
  for completing the design of the Browning Hi-Power 
  after John Browning’s death).  The initial stirrings of 
  World War II delayed the rifle’s entry to production, 
  however, and the German invasion of Belgium sent 
  Saive fleeing.  He arrived in England in 1941 and 
  continued his work.  After a failed offering to the 
  British Army in 1943, Saive returned to Belgium 
  following its liberation from Nazi control, completing 
  the final design of the rifle in 1947.
  Following the end of World War II, the victorious 
  major powers took their own paths of service 
  rifle development, surplussing off their existing 
  inventories to smaller allies or client states.  With 
  the sudden glut of weapons on the global market, the 
  only militaries willing to adopt the new FN offering 
  were those avoiding commitment to both the United 
  States and the Soviet Union.  Belgium was the first 
  adopter, in 1949, followed by several South American 
  nations, Egypt, and the future Indonesia.  The weapon 
  was produced in several calibers: 7mm Mauser 
  for Venezuela, 7.65mm Argentine for Argentina, 
  8mm Mauser for Egypt, and .30-06 for Belgium, 
  Luxembourg, and Indonesia.  Many of the Argentine 
  rifles later received a conversion to 7.62x51mm NATO 
  and a proprietary 20-round detachable magazine.
  As a rifle of World War II, the FN 49 would have 
  been extraordinary.  As one of the Cold War, it was 
  behind the times thanks to two design features: its 
  use of a high-powered cartridge and its lack of a 
  detachable magazine.  However, from an engineering 
  perspective, it was still an excellent investment for FN. 
  Many of the rifle’s mechanical features defined the 
  internal workings of the later (and wildly successful) 
  FAL.
  
  
  Current Status: The FN 49 was produced in 
  sufficient quantities that examples in all production 
  calibers are available on the civilian collector’s 
  market.  A few thousand examples may remain in the 
  South American reserves, but no nation is known to 
  still issue it for military use.
  FN FAL/L1A1 SLR
  ”The right arm of the free world” was introduced in 
  1951.  It was one of FN’s first postwar designs, following 
  (and mechanically derived from) the FN 49.  The Fusil 
  Automatique Léger was one of the first – if not the first 
  – truly successful battle rifle designs, using a detachable 
  magazine and firing the new NATO standard 7.62x51mm 
  cartridge.  At the height of its popularity during the early 
  Cold War, the FAL was in service with over 20 Western 
  nations.  Alternate designations for the rifle included 
  G1 (Germany), Stg 58 (Austria), R1 (South Africa), 
  L1A1 SLR (Self-Loading Rifle; UK, Australia, and New 
  Zealand), C1 (Canada), and 1A SLR (India).
  The FAL was manufactured in both fixed- and 
  folding-stocked variants, as well as a “FAL Para” version 
  with a folding stock and a 4” shorter barrel.  The final 
  noteworthy variant on the basic FAL platform was the 
  “FALO,” a heavy-barreled squad automatic weapon 
  version typically issued with 30-round magazines and 
  an integral bipod.
  It’s worth noting that licensed L1A1 production in 
  the UK (and other Commonwealth nations) resulted 
  in a set of blueprints in imperial measurements that 
  diverged from the original metric plans.  Metric and 
  “inch” FAL parts and magazines are not interchangeable, 
  though sub-assemblies generally are.  This typically was 
  not a problem in service, as no nation used both metric 
  and imperial FALs, but survivors in Twilight: 2013 may 
  run afoul of compatibility headaches.  Additionally, the 
  L1A1 and its Canadian and Indian cousins are semi-
  automatic rifles, not fully automatic.
  Current Status: NATO’s later adoption of the 
  lighter 5.56x45mm round led to a gradual phasing-
  out of the old warhorse over the 1980s and 1990s.  No 
  NATO or EU member still issues the FAL to front-line 
  combatants.  However, many South American and 
  African nations continue to use it, and large quantities 
  remain in reserve armories across Europe. Where legal, 
  semi-automatic FALs are prevalent in civilian hands.
  G41/G43
  German interest in a semi-automatic service rifle 
  appeared in the 1930s, but conservative elements 
  in the Wehrmacht stifled most development efforts. 
  In the initial stages of World War II, German 
  infantrymen went to battle with the same bolt-action 
  Mausers their fathers had carried in World War 
  I.  Attitudes changed after Operation Barbarossa, 
  when the invasion of the Soviet Union resulted in 
  the capture of large quantities of AVS-36s, SVT-38s, 
  and SVT-40s – and German troops instantly adopted 
  of these weapons.  Suddenly, the disadvantage of a 
  manually-operated rifle was clear, particularly when 
  dealing with the Red Army’s numeric superiority.
  The German arms industry’s initial response was 
  a pair of competing designs with parallel designations: 
  Mauser’s G41(M) and Walther’s G41(W).  Both had 
  superficially similar characteristics: chambering for 
  8mm Mauser ammunition, a quirky gas-actuated 
  operating system, and a 10-round fixed magazine 
  loaded with the same 5-round stripper clips that 
  served the Mauser bolt-action guns.  The G41(M), 
  however, proved vastly less robust than its Walther 
  counterpart, and production ceased after only 7,000 
  units.  The G41(W) was far from perfect, but it was less 
  intricate and had more potential for improvement.
  Lessons learned in the field – and from captured 
  SVT-40s – led to a major redesign of the Walther rifle.  
  The resulting G43 featured a simplified gas system, a 
  detachable magazine, and standard provision for a 
  scope mount.  The latter was intended for sniper use, 
  but most snipers preferred the reliability of a bolt-
  action weapon to the G43’s enhanced rate of fire.  
  Revisions to the G43 continued through the end of 
  the war.  In 1944, the weapon’s official designation 
  changed from Gewehr (rifle) 43 to Karabiner 
  (carbine) 43 without any major engineering change 
  that has game effects.
  Current Status: German troops destroyed 
  many G41s and G43s to prevent their capture.  The 
  surviving examples are collector’s items and museum 
  pieces today.  Parts are available, if not always 
  plentiful, and most remain in working condition.
  
  6
  Stage III Quirk (Reflex) – Unreliable 2: For 
  the purposes of triggering breakdowns, the G41(M)’s 
  Wear is considered to be 2 higher than its actual value. 
  This does not apply to a like-new (Wear 0) gun.
  Stage III Quirk (Reflex) – Unreliable 1: For 
  the purposes of triggering breakdowns, the Wear of 
  the G41(W) and G43 is considered to be 1 higher than 
  its actual value.  This does not apply to a like-new 
  (Wear 0) gun.
  Hakim
  In the early 1950s, the newly-installed Egyptian 
  government began developing an indigenous arms 
  production capacity.  Among the first orders of 
  business was to replace the military’s FN-49s, which 
  had never proven satisfactory.  To fill this need, 
  Egypt purchased Ag-42B tooling and blueprints 
  from Sweden in 1954.  After a year of reworking the 
  design, production of the Hakim began in 1955.  The 
  primary change was to chamber the Hakim for 8mm 
  Mauser, allowing it – like the FN-49 it replaced – to 
  use existing stocks of this caliber left over from the 
  World War II German presence.  The rifle’s basic 
  engineering was identical to that of the Ag-42B, 
  though the higher-powered cartridge did necessitate 
  some heavier components.
  The Hakim served Egyptian forces until the early 
  1960s, including combat use in the 1956-57 Suez 
  Crisis.  Its use ended when Soviet military assistance 
  brought an entire AK-47 production facility to Egypt.  
  In the years before procurement of these rifles caught 
  up with demand, Egyptian engineers produced an 
  interim carbine from the Hakim.  The resulting Rashid 
  was chambered for 7.62x39mm, allowing uniformity 
  of supply during the period of transitioning the 
  Egyptian military to AK-47 use.  The Rashid shares 
  its general appearance with the Hakim, but features 
  an attached flip-out bayonet similar to that of the 
  SKS.
  Current Status: Both the Hakim and the Rashid 
  have been out of front-line Egyptian service for decades. 
  Stocks of both remain in reserve inventory, and some 
  reports place Hakims in Egyptian police use.  Egypt 
  has released quantities of both rifles to the surplus 
  market, where they’ve been distributed worldwide.
  Stage III Quirk (Reflex) – Needy x2: As a 
  consequence of their direct impingement operating 
  system, the base maintenance requirement of the 
  Hakim and Rashid is doubled (to 1 hour per period of 
  use). 
  Heckler & Koch G3
  The 
  G3 
  brought 
  H&K 
  to 
  international 
  prominence as an arms manufacturer.  Developed 
  in the late 1950s from the CETME Model B, the 
  G3 was adopted first by Germany, then by scores 
  of other nations around the world.  Its primary 
  competitor at the time was the FN FAL, with which 
  it still shares the status of the archetypal battle 
  rifle.
  The most common production model was the 
  G3A3, which simplified production and enhanced 
  the reliability of the original CETME design.  The 
  G3A4 differed only in having a folding, rather than 
  fixed, stock, while the carbine G3KA4 shortened 
  the A4’s barrel to just over 12”.  Semi-automatic 
  civilian versions were designated HK91 and were 
  sold with both fixed and folding stocks.  This is just 
  a small sampling of G3 sub-types – with over two 
  dozen variants and license-built derivatives, the 
  complete G3 family could (and does) occupy a book 
  unto itself.
  Current Status: The G3 has left the service 
  of most former NATO users, superseded by newer 
  assault rifles.  Large quantities remain in reserve 
  armories in Germany, Sweden (designated “Ak 4”), 
  Norway (designated “AG-3”), and Denmark.  It is 
  still in front-line service with Portuguese, Greek, 
  and Cypriot forces, and Swedish surplus Ak 4s arm 
  a good portion of the Baltic nations’ soldiers.  The 
  G3 also sees wide use in Africa, and, to a lesser 
  degree, South and Central America. Where legal, 
  the HK91 was sold on the civilian market.
  Howa Type 64
  When Japan began the slow process of rebuilding 
  its military capacity in the 1950s, soldiers of the 
  Ground Self-Defense Force were equipped with 
  surplus American M1 Garand rifles.  These were 
  never entirely adequate for the JSDF’s purposes, as 
  the Garands’ weight and recoil were excessive for 
  smaller-statured Japanese troops.  Development 
  of a replacement weapon began in 1957.  Due to 
  ongoing American influence in Japanese military 
  affairs, the project’s requirements included use of 
  the 7.62x51mm NATO cartridge.
  
  
  In 1964, the JSDF adoped the final version of 
  the weapon as the Type 64.  The rifle incorporated 
  two unique features to accommodate its intended 
  users.  The first was a reduction mechanism to slow 
  the cyclic rate to around 500 rounds per minute.  The 
  second was an adjustable gas system which permitted 
  use of a less powerful 7.62x51mm cartridge (see 
  sidebar), thereby reducing recoil at the expense of 
  some lethality.  When drawing normal ammunition 
  from American or other stockpiles, the gas regulator 
  could be reset to cycle higher-powered loads without 
  difficulty.  Aside from these design points, the Type 
  64 was a conventional battle rifle with a wooden stock 
  and an integral bipod.
  Current Status: The Howa Type 89 has largely 
  replaced the Type 64 in JSDF service, though a 
  large reserve inventory of the older rifles still exists. 
  Reportedly, a few accurized models remain in use 
  as designated marksman rifles and police counter-
  sniper weapons.  Rigid Japanese laws on arms exports 
  prevented the rifle from ever leaving the country and 
  it is unlikely to be encountered outside Japanese 
  territory.
  M14
  In the late 1940s, the movement toward fully 
  automatic rifles with detachable magazines led to a 
  series of American prototypes.  Initial experiments 
  focused on adapting the existing M1 Garand to this 
  configuration (which might have led to an American 
  service rifle similar to the Beretta BM59).  However, 
  additional research into a replacement cartridge 
  for the venerable .30-06 led to the creation of what 
  would become the 7.62x51mm NATO round.  The 
  early 1950s saw the creation of the T44 prototype.  In 
  1957, after winning a competition against the FN FAL, 
  the T44 became the U.S. Army’s standard service rifle 
  under the designation M14.
  Full-scale adoption of the M14 in the Army and 
  Marine Corps coincided with American entry into 
  the Vietnam War.  Designed for the open fields of 
  Europe, the M14 was at a disadvantage in jungles. 
  Short lines of sight neutralized its range advantage 
  and humidity degraded accuracy by deforming its 
  wooden stock.  The rifle’s heavy recoil also made it 
  difficult to control in fully automatic fire, which led 
  to the development of an internal locking mechanism 
  which only allowed semi-automatic operation.  In the 
  field, platoon sergeants were issued keys with which 
  to unlock the rifle’s automatic mode, a solution that 
  was every bit as impractical as it sounds.  Despite its 
  shortcomings, however, the rifle’s lethality made it 
  popular with many troops, and no few soldiers clung 
  to their M14s when M16s began to replace them in 
  Japanese 7.62x51mm
  The JSDF load for 7.62x51mm ammunition 
  shares dimensions with the NATO standard, but uses 
  a lighter projectile and a reduced powder charge. 
  Muzzle velocity is reduced from 2,650-2,750 feet per 
  second to around 2,325 feet per second.  The result 
  is more manageable recoil at the expense of terminal 
  ballistics.  The two loads are interchangeable in any 
  weapon capable of accepting standard 7.62x51mm 
  NATO cartridges.  It’s worth noting, however, that 
  the reduced recoil and gas pressure of the JSDF 
  load may not be powerful enough to fully cycle some 
  automatic or semi-automatic or weapons, leading to 
  frequent jams.  However, this loading is rare outside 
  Japanese-controlled areas, so unintentional use of 
  it is unlikely in most circumstances.
  Spain employed a similar reduced-power load 
  for the CETME Model B rifle, but only for a few years 
  after the weapon’s introduction.  By the modern era, 
  this load hasn’t been in frontline service for several 
  decades, and few, if any, stocks remain.
  Reflex: The Recoil of a weapon firing JSDF 
  7.62x51mm is reduced by 20%.  Under Stage I/II 
  rules, the load has Damage 7 and Penetration x2/
  x3.  Its Stage III ballistics table is:
  Range
  Dam/Pen
  P
  8/x2
  GF
  8/x2
  CQB
  8/x2
  T
  7/x2
  M
  6/x2
  O
  5/x2
  S
  4/x3
  EX
  –
  Spycraft: When firing the JSDF load, a 
  7.62x51mm firearm does 4d4+1 damage, its range 
  increment is reduced by 20%, and its recoil is 
  reduced by 20%.  All other traits remain the same. 
  
  
  the mid-1960s.
  Current Status: Military exports around the 
  world spread the M14 to every corner of the map 
  by the 1970s, and well-worn examples can still be 
  found in irregular use worldwide.  At home, despite 
  procurement ending in 1964 and official replacement 
  occurring in 1968, the M14 never quite left U.S. 
  inventory.  Various sniper and designated marksman 
  variants remain in use to the present day, though 
  many are thoroughly abused.  Most of these are semi-
  automatic only and equipped with a wide selection of 
  optics.  Semi-auto rifles also serve as ceremonial and 
  competition weapons, and new semi-auto production 
  for the civilian market is ongoing.
  MAS-49
  In the aftermath of World War II, the French 
  military was armed with a varied array of rifles: 
  prewar locally-produced MAS-36s, re-appropriated 
  German weapons, and lend-lease and surplus Allied 
  arms.  Re-arming with a standard rifle appropriate 
  to the postwar era was a point of pride.  The MAS-
  49 arose from a series of earlier designs, including 
  the MAS-40 and MAS-44, from the state-owned 
  Manufacture d’armes de Saint-Étienne.  The weapon 
  was chambered for the proprietary 7.5x54mm French 
  cartridge, the same one used in the MAS-36.  
  Like the Ag-42 and Hakim (qq.v.), the MAS-
  49 used a direct gas impingement operating 
  system.  Unlike these rifles, the MAS-49 acquired a 
  reputation for relative immunity to harsh conditions, 
  even when maintenance was nothing more than 
  field improvisations.  The weapon fed from a 10-
  round magazine.  All MAS-49s were equipped with 
  a quick-detach optics mount, though a scope was 
  not a standard-issue item.  A mid-life improvement 
  program produced the MAS-49/56 in 1956; for game 
  purposes, the two models are identical though the 
  later version is slightly lighter and shorter.
  By the time production ended in 1978, over 
  a quarter-million MAS-49s had been produced.  
  In addition to serving with both regular French 
  forces and the French Foreign Legion, the rifle was 
  provided to the militaries of several French colonies. 
  It remained in French use until deployment of the 
  FAMAS assault rifle was completed in 1990.
  Current Status: The MAS-49 and its 7.5x54mm 
  cartridge are no longer in use with any national 
  forces, though irregular units likely still use the 
  weapon in any region that saw French deployments 
  between the 1950s and the 1980s.  It may also be 
  available in former French colonial territories as a 
  reserve, training, or ceremonial weapon.  MAS-49s 
  are available, albeit very rare, on the civilian market.
  Stage III Quirk (Reflex) – Desert Tolerance: 
  The MAS-49 is mostly immune to hot, dusty 
  conditions.  The rifle’s maintenance requirements 
  are not increased by use in such an environment.
  SiG SG 542
  Strictly speaking, the SG 542 is neither a battle 
  rifle nor a Cold War relic, but the big-bore member 
  of the SG 540 family of assault rifles.  The series 
  originated in the early 1970s as a progressive 
  development of the unsuccessful SG 530 designs. 
  The Swiss military never adopted the SG 542, but 
  it was approved for export sales and several African 
  nations added it to their arsenals.  It also saw licensed 
  production in Chile.  Other SG 540 series products 
  include the full-length SG 540 and the carbine SG 
  543, both chambered for 5.56x45mm NATO and 
  outside the scope of this supplement.
  The SG 542’s plastic stock and foregrip share a 
  family resemblance with the rest of the SG 540 (and 
  later 550) series of assault rifles.  The rifle is equipped 
  with an integral bipod.  From an engineering 
  perspective, it was the first SiG rifle to use a gas 
  piston operating mechanism similar to that of the 
  AK-47 rather than a roller-delayed mechanism like 
  those of the CETME and H&K G3.
  Current Status: The SG 542 can be found 
  scattered across Africa and Southeast Asia, as well as 
  in front-line service with the Chilean Army.
  
  
  SIG Stgw 57/SG 510
  After World War II, engineers at SiG experimented 
  with a variety of automatic rifle designs.  Development 
  on a series of prototypes lasted a decade before the 
  Swiss government accepted a replacement for its bolt-
  action Schmidt-Rubin 1896 rifles and K31 carbines. 
  The prototype was the AM55, which incorporated 
  mechanical features of both the CETME rifle and 
  various German designs.  The final production version 
  entered Swiss military service as the Sturmgewehr 57.
  The Stgw 57 was built to suit Switzerland’s unique 
  design criteria.  All of the weapon’s controls were 
  oversized to allow use even while the operator was 
  wearing heavy winter gloves.  Likewise, reliablity 
  testing focused on optimization for cold weather. 
  Being beholden to neither NATO nor Warsaw Pact 
  standards, Switzerland chose to continue using the 
  GP11 7.5x55mm cartridge that had been its standard 
  service rifle round since 1911.
  In the 1960s, SiG experimented with several export 
  variants of the rifle under the SG 510 designation.  The 
  sole successful military version was a 7.62x51mm 
  variant, which Chile and Bolivia adopted for military 
  use.  Semi-automatic models in both 7.5x55mm and 
  7.62x51mm also were sold into a variety of civilian 
  markets.  Fully automatic prototypes in 7.62x39mm 
  and .30-06, offered respectively to Finland and 
  Mexico, never garnered sufficient interest to enter 
  mass production.
  Current Status: The Swiss military replaced 
  the Stgw 57 with the Stgw 90 in the 1980s, but it’s still 
  used in reserve units.  A large number of Stgw 57s also 
  remain in civilian hands in Switzerland, converted to 
  fire only in semi-automatic mode and sold to reservists 
  as they left active duty.  Civilian ownership outside 
  Switzerland is uncommon due to the high price the 
  semi-automatic versions commanded even when 
  new.
  Stage III Quirk (Reflex) – Cold Tolerance: 
  The Stgw 57 is designed for use in the harsh Swiss 
  winters. The rifle’s maintenance requirements are not 
  increased by cold weather and extreme cold is treated 
  as cold.  As a non-mechanical aside, competition 
  shooters of the Stgw 57 typically prefer the winter 
  trigger; its larger surface area increases the trigger 
  finger’s leverage.
  SVT-38/SVT-40
  Fyodor Tokarev’s automatic rifle design lost to the 
  AVS-36 (see p. 3) in the Red Army trials of the early 1930s, 
  but Tokarev continued to refine his work.  His dedication 
  paid off in 1938, when problems with Simonov’s rifle 
  led to a second competition.  This time, Tokarev won 
  – albeit, some reports claim, thanks to political pressure 
  from Josef Stalin – and the Samozaryadnaya Vintovka 
  Tokareva, model 1938, entered production the following 
  year.
  Tokarev designed the SVT-38 to rectify several 
  perceived failings of his competitor’s rifle.  This weapon 
  was semi-automatic, not select-fire, and fed from a 
  smaller and less bulky magazine.  Enhanced reliability 
  was also a priority – though, once in the field, the AVS-36 
  and the SVT-38 seemed to be different mainly in which 
  specific parts broke on each gun.  An upgraded design 
  debuted mid-1940, but the new SVT-40 primarily offered 
  weight savings with only marginally enhanced durability. 
  A fully automatic squad support version, the AVT-40, 
  debuted in 1942, but it was never produced in large 
  numbers and shared all the liabilities of its predecessors. 
  A sniper version also was made, but differed from the 
  parent design only in its ability to readily accept a scope.
  The SVT-40 was intended to be the core of the 
  Soviet infantry squad, but procurement never lived up 
  to the reality.  The majority of Red Army troops fought 
  World War II with the bolt-action Mosin-Nagants that 
  the SVT-40 was intended to replace, or with the lighter 
  and cheaper submachine guns that replaced most SVT-
  40 production after 1942. The Soviets also lost thousands 
  of SVT-40s to the Germans and Finns, both of whom 
  used these weapons to supplement the firepower of their 
  own bolt-action rifles.  The end of the war in 1945 saw 
  the close of SVT-40 production, and remaining stocks of 
  the rifle quickly were shuffled off to Soviet client states to 
  make room for the SKS and AK-47.
  Current Status: Like the competing AVS-36, the 
  SVT-38 and its successors are collector’s items today. 
  The rifle’s longest military service was in Finland, 
  which retained its captured SVTs through 1958 before 
  surplussing them off.
  Stage III Quirk (Reflex) – Unreliable 1: For the 
  purposes of triggering breakdowns, the Wear of the SVT-
  38, SVT-40, and AVT-40 is considered to be 1 higher 
  than its actual value.  This does not apply to a like-new 
  (Wear 0) gun (but good luck finding one today).
  
  10
  reflex system rules
  Few of the weapons presented here need any 
  special rules beyond those in the Twilight: 2013 core 
  rulebook.  It’s worth noting that the semi-automatic 
  version of the M14 previously appeared in that book, 
  and the FN FAL and FAL Para and the H&K G3A3 
  and G3A4 also appear in the Twilight: 2013 Rules 
  Addendum.  All these weapons are reprinted here 
  for the sake of comprehensiveness, unchanged from 
  their original presentation.
  Table A: Firearms
  Table B: New Ammunition
  The following calibers don’t appear in the Twilight: 
  2013 core rules.  All calibers presented here are con-
  sidered rifle cartridges. 
  Firearm
  Caliber
  Cap
  Dam
  Pen
  Rng
  ROF
  Spd
  Rec
  Bulk
  Wt
  BV
  SP
  Battle Rifles
  Ag-42/Ag-42B
  6.5x55mm
  10
  8
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S
  4/6/9
  8
  4
  4.6 kg
  GG275
  $1,100
  AVS-36
  7.62x54mm
  15
  9
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S/B5
  4/6/9
  9
  4
  4.3 kg
  GG375
  $3000
  AVT-40
  7.62x54mm
  10
  9
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S/B4
  4/6/9
  9
  4
  3.9 kg
  GG625
  $5,000
  Beretta BM59
  7.62x51mm
  20
  8
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S/B5
  4/6/9
  9
  4
  4.4 kg 
  GG400
  $1,200
  Beretta BM59 Alpini
  7.62x51mm
  20
  8
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S/B5
  4/6/9
  9
  4
  4.5 kg
  GG450
  $1,200
  CETME Model B
  7.62x51mm
  20
  8
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S/B4
  3/6/8
  9
  3
  4.5 kg
  GG350
  $1,000
  FG 42
  8mm Mauser
  20
  9
  x2/x3
  M/O
  S/B5
  3/5/8
  10
  3
  5 kg
  GG500
  $10,000
  FN 49
  7mm Mauser
  10(in)
  8
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S
  4/6/9
  9
  4
  4.3 kg
  GG200
  $800
  FN 49
  7.62x51mm
  20
  8
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S
  4/6/9
  9
  4
  4.3 kg
  GG350
  $1,000
  FN 49
  .30-06
  10(in)
  9
  x2/x3
  M/EX
  S
  4/6/9
  9
  4
  4.3 kg
  GG200
  $800
  FN 49
  7.65mm Arg.
  10(in)
  8
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S
  4/6/9
  9
  4
  4.3 kg
  GG200
  $1,200
  FN 49
  8mm Mauser
  10(in)
  9
  x2/x3
  M/EX
  S
  4/6/9
  10
  4
  4.3 kg
  GG200
  $800
  FN FAL
  7.62x51mm
  20
  8
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S/B5
  3/6/8
  9
  3
  4.3 kg
  GG900
  $1,800
  FN FAL Para
  7.62x51mm
  20
  8
  x2/x3
  T/O
  S/B5
  3/5/7
  10
  3
  3.9 kg
  GG1,200
  $2,400
  G41(M)
  8mm Mauser
  10(in)
  9
  x2/x3
  M/O
  S
  4/6/9
  10
  4
  4.9 kg
  GG250
  $10,000
  G41(W)
  8mm Mauser
  10(in)
  9
  x2/x3
  M/O
  S
  4/6/9
  10
  4
  4.9 kg
  GG300
  $6,000
  G43
  8mm Mauser
  10
  9
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S
  4/6/9
  10
  4
  4.3 kg
  GG310
  $2,500
  H&K G3A3
  7.62x51mm
  20
  8
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S/B4
  3/6/8
  9
  3
  4.4 kg
  GG1,000
  $2,000
  H&K G3A4
  7.62x51mm
  20
  8
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S/B4
  3/6/8
  9
  3
  4.1 kg
  GG1,250
  $2,500
  H&K G3KA4
  7.62x51mm
  20
  8
  x2/x3
  T/O
  S/B4
  3/5/7
  10
  3
  4 kg
  GG1,250
  $2,500
  Hakim
  8mm Mauser
  10
  9
  x2/x3
  M/EX
  S
  4/6/9
  10
  4
  4.8 kg
  GG300
  $600
  Howa Type 64
  7.62x51mm
  20
  8
  x2/x3
  M/O
  S/B3
  3/6/8
  9
  3
  4.3 kg
  GG800
  $2,000
  L1A1 SLR
  7.62x51mm
  20
  8
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S
  3/6/8
  9
  3
  4.3 kg
  GG700
  $1,400
  M14 (auto)
  7.62x51mm
  20
  8
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S/B5
  4/6/9
  8
  4
  5.2 kg
  GG750
  $1,500
  M14 (semi)
  7.62x51mm
  20
  8
  x2/x3
  M/EX
  S
  4/6/9
  8
  4
  5.2 kg
  GG500
  $1,000
  MAS-49
  7.5x54mm
  10
  8
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S
  4/6/9
  8
  4
  3.9 kg
  GG375
  $1,500
  Rashid
  7.62x39mm
  10
  7
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S
  3/5/7
  7
  3
  3.7 kg
  GG400
  $800
  SiG SG 542
  7.62x51mm
  20
  8
  x2/x3
  M/O
  S/B4
  3/5/7
  10
  3
  3.6 kg
  GG800
  $1,600
  SiG SG 510
  7.62x51mm
  20
  8
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S/B3
  4/6/9
  8
  4
  5.6 kg
  GG650
  $2,000
  SiG Stgw 57
  7.5x55mm
  24
  8
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S/B3
  4/6/9
  8
  4
  5.6 kg
  GG500
  $2,000
  SVT-38
  7.62x54mm
  10
  9
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S
  4/6/9
  9
  4
  4.2 kg
  GG400
  $3,200
  SVT-40
  7.62x54mm
  10
  9
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S
  4/6/9
  9
  4
  3.9 kg
  GG375
  $3,000
  SAWs
  Beretta BM59 Mk. IV
  7.62x51mm
  20
  8
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S/B6
  4/6/9
  8
  4
  5.4 kg
  GG500
  $1,500
  FN FALO
  7.62x51mm
  30
  8
  x2/x3
  M/S
  S/B5
  4/6/9
  7
  4
  6.0 kg
  GG1,000
  $2,000
  Caliber
  BV
  SP
  Type
  Wgt
  Mag Wgt
  7mm Mauser
  GG13.9
  $139
  AP/HP
  3.3 kg
  7.5x54mm MAS
  GG8.4
  $105
  AP/T
  2.7 kg
  0.3 kg (10)
  7.5x55mm Swiss
  GG10.4
  $130
  AP/HP/T
  2.7 kg
  0.8 kg (24)
  7.65mm Argentine
  GG13.1
  $210
  AP/T
  2.8 kg
  
  11
  Table C: Stage III Ballistics
  7mm Mauser
  Range
  Dam/Pen
  P
  9/x2
  GF
  9/x2
  CQB
  9/x2
  T
  8/x2
  M
  8/x2
  O
  7/x2
  S
  5/x2
  EX
  4/x3
  7.5x54mm MAS
  Range
  Dam/Pen
  P
  9/x2
  GF
  9/x2
  CQB
  9/x2
  T
  8/x2
  M
  8/x2
  O
  6/x2
  S
  4/x2
  EX
  4/x3
  7.5x55mm Swiss
  Range
  Dam/Pen
  P
  9/x2
  GF
  9/x2
  CQB
  9/x2
  T
  9/x2
  M
  8/x2
  O
  7/x2
  S
  5/x2
  EX
  4/x3
  7.65mm Argentine
  Range
  Dam/Pen
  P
  9/x2
  GF
  9/x2
  CQB
  9/x2
  T
  9/x2
  M
  8/x2
  O
  6/x2
  S
  4/x2
  EX
  4/x3
  Reduced-Power 7.62x51mm NATO
  Range
  Dam/Pen
  P
  8/x2
  GF
  8/x2
  CQB
  8/x2
  T
  7/x2
  M
  6/x2
  O
  5/x2
  S
  4/x3
  EX
  –
  
  12
  spyCrAft 2.0 rules
  Few of the weapons presented here need any 
  special rules beyond those in the Spycraft 2.0 core 
  rulebook.  It’s worth noting that the FN FAL and FAL 
  Para, the fully automatic version of the M14, and the 
  H&K G3A3 and G3A4 all appear in that book.  They 
  are reprinted here for the sake of comprehensiveness.  
  Aside from minor modifications to the FAL Para, 
  these weapons are unchanged from their original 
  presentation.
  Bayonets
  A bayonet is just a knife that attaches to the end 
  of a rifle’s barrel, enabling the wielder to use it as a 
  melee weapon with a little more effectiveness than 
  that of an unwieldy club.  For game purposes, any Size 
  S/2h assault rifle, as well as any Size S/2h bolt-action 
  or semi-automatic rifle that originated as a military 
  service rifle, can accept a bayonet.  A bayonet does 
  not occupy an accessory slot – a rifle’s bayonet lug, or 
  attachment point, is a purpose-built accessory slot. 
  Yes, we know some rifles can take bipods on that lug, 
  but we’re generalizing here for the sake of sanity.
  A detachable knife-type bayonet is requisitioned 
  as a survival knife (Spycraft 2.0, p. 283).  Mounting or 
  dismounting such a bayonet takes 1 full action.  When 
  it’s dismounted, it functions exactly as a survival 
  knife.  While a bayonet is mounted, a rifle loses the 
  ACC and SPA qualities (sorry, snipers).
  A few rifles, generally of WWII or earlier vintage, 
  Table D: Spycraft Firearms Traits 
  Weapon Name
  Dmg
  E/T
  Ammo
  Recoil
  Rng
  Sz/Hnd
  Wgt
  Upg
  Comp
  Year
  SV
  Qualities
  Semi-Automatic Rifles
  Caliber I
  Ag-42
        6.5x55mm
  3d6+1
  1-3/19-20
  10M5
  11
  150 ft.
  S/2h
  10.3 lbs.
  0
  21/+1
  1942
  $1,100
  UNR
  Rashid
        7.62x39mm
  3d6
  1-3/20
  10M6
  10
  100 ft.
  S/2h
  8.3 lbs.
  0
  20/+1
  1959
  $800
  UPG (bayonet)
  G41(M)
        8mm Mauser
  2d10+1
  1-3/19-20
  10S50
  15
  140 ft.
  S/2h
  10.8 lbs.
  0
  24/+1
  1940
  $10,000
  FRG, UNR
  Caliber III
  Ag-42B
        6.5x55mm
  3d6+1
  1-3/19-20
  10M5
  11
  150 ft.
  S/2h
  10.3 lbs.
  3
  20/+1
  1953
  $1,100
  –
  FN 49
        7mm Mauser
  3d6+1
  1-2/19-20
  10S50
  14
  150 ft.
  S/2h
  9.5 lbs.
  1
  19/+1
  1949
  $800
  RGD
        7.62x51mm NATO
  4d4+2
  1-2/19-20
  20M3
  14
  150 ft.
  S/2h
  9.5 lbs.
  1
  20/+1
  1968
  $1,000
  RGD
        .30-06
  2d10+1
  1-2/19-20
  10S50
  17
  175 ft.
  S/2h
  9.5 lbs.
  1
  19/+1
  1949
  $800
  RGD
        7.65mm Argentine
  4d4+2
  1-2/19-20
  10S55
  14
  150 ft.
  S/2h
  9.5 lbs.
  1
  19/+1
  1953
  $1,200
  RGD
        8mm Mauser
  2d10+1
  1-2/19-20
  10S50
  17
  175 ft.
  S/2h
  9.5 lbs.
  1
  19/+2
  1949
  $800
  RGD
  G41(W)
        8mm Mauser
  2d10+1
  1-3/19-20
  10S50
  15
  140 ft.
  S/2h
  10.8 lbs.
  3
  23/+1
  1940
  $6,000
  FRG
  G43
        8mm Mauser
  2d10+1
  1-2/19-20
  10M5
  17
  170 ft.
  S/2h
  9.5 lbs.
  2
  22/+1
  1943
  $2,500
  UNR
  Hakim
        8mm Mauser
  2d10+1
  1-3/19-20
  10M5
  15
  175 ft.
  S/2h
  10.6 lbs.
  2
  20/+1
  1955
  $600
  –
  L1A1 SLR
        7.62x51mm NATO
  4d4+2
  1-2/19-20
  20M3
  17
  175 ft.
  S/2h
  9.8 lbs.
  0
  23/+1
  1953
  $700
  DEP, RGD
  M14 (semi-automatic)
        7.62x51mm NATO
  4d4+2
  1-3/19-20
  20M3
  15
  175 ft.
  S/2h
  11.2 lbs.
  0
  22/+1
  1957
  $1,050
  DEP
  MAS-49
        7.5x54mm MAS
  3d6+1
  1-2/19-20
  10M5
  14
  175 ft.
  S/2h
  8.6 lbs.
  0
  21/+2
  1949
  $1,500
  DEP
  SVT-38
        7.62x54mm
  2d10+1
  1-3/19-20
  10M5
  17
  165 ft.
  S/2h
  9.3 lbs
  3
  22/+1
  1938
  $3,200
  UNR
  SVT-40
        7.62x54mm
  2d10+1
  1-3/19-20
  10M5
  18
  165 ft.
  S/2h
  8.6 lbs
  2
  22/+1
  1940
  $3,200
  –
  
  13
  include permanently-affixed bayonets that are hinged 
  to fold back under the barrel when not deployed for 
  use.  Adding a permanent bayonet counts as a single 
  upgrade with Weight +0.5 lb., Complexity 10/+0, and 
  Street Value $45.  However, the weapon permanently 
  loses the ACC quality and, while the bayonet is 
  deployed, temporarily loses the SPA quality.
  A bayonet-equipped rifle may be fired normally.  
  When wielded as a melee weapon, it is considered a 
  spear and uses the Edged proficiency.  It has Damage 
  1d6+1, Error 1, Threat 20, Size S/2h, and the AP (2), 
  BLD, and INA (–1) qualities.
  Table D: Spycraft Firearms Traits  continued
  Weapon Name
  Dmg
  E/T
  Ammo
  Recoil
  Rng
  Sz/Hnd
  Wgt
  Upg
  Comp
  Year
  SV
  Qualities
  Asssualt Rifles
  Caliber III
  AVS-36
        7.62x54mm
  2d10+1
  1-4/19-20
  15M8
  17
  165 ft.
  S/2h
  9.5 lbs.
  1
  27/+1
  1936
  R$3,000
  UNR
  AVT-40
        7.62x54mm
  2d10+1
  1-4/19-20
  10M10
  18
  160 ft.
  S/2h
  8.6 lbs.
  0
  26/+1
  1942
  R$5,000
  NFM (S/B/F)
  Beretta BM59
        7.62x51mm NATO
  4d4+2
  1-3/19-20
  20M7
  14
  150 ft.
  S/2h
  9.8 lbs.
  0
  25/+1
  1959
  R$1,200
  –
  Beretta BM59 Alpini
        7.62x51mm NATO
  4d4+2
  1-3/19-20
  20M7
  14
  150 ft.
  S/2h
  9.9 lbs.
  0
  25/+1
  1959
  R$1,200
  CLS
  FG 42
        8mm Mauser
  2d10+1
  1-3/19-20
  20M6
  13
  145 ft.
  S/2h
  10.9 lbs.
  0
  26/+1
  1943
  R$10,000
  UPG (bipod)
  Howa Type 64
        7.62x51mm NATO
  4d4+2
  1-3/19-20
  20M7
  14
  150 ft.
  S/2h
  9.7 lbs.
  0
  26/+1
  1964
  R$4,000
  UPG (bipod)
  Caliber IV
  CETME Model B
        7.62x51mm NATO
  4d4+2
  1-3/19-20
  20M7
  14
  175 ft.
  S/2h
  10 lbs.
  3
  25/+1
  1957
  R$1,000
  DEP
  FN FAL
        7.62x51mm NATO
  4d4+2
  1-3/19-20
  20M7
  17
  175 ft.
  S/2h
  9.8 lbs.
  2
  25/+1
  1953
  R$900
  DEP, RGD
  FN FAL Para
        7.62x51mm NATO
  4d4+2
  1-3/19-20
  20M7
  16
  125 ft.
  S/2h
  8.6 lbs.
  3
  25/+1
  1953
  R$900
  CLS, DEP, RGD
  H&K G3A3
        7.62x51mm NATO
  4d4+2
  1-2/19-20
  20M7
  17
  175 ft.
  S/2h
  9.9 lbs.
  2
  25/+1
  1959
  R$1,100
  RGD
  H&K G3A4
        7.62x51mm NATO
  4d4+2
  1-2/19-20
  20M7
  18
  175 ft.
  S/2h
  9.7 lbs.
  2
  25/+1
  1959
  R$1,100
  CLS, RGD
  H&K G3KA4
        7.62x51mm NATO
  4d4+2
  1-2/19-20
  20M7
  16
  100 ft.
  S/2h
  8.8 lbs.
  3
  25/+1
  1960
  R$1,250
  CLS, RGD
  M14 (automatic)
        7.62x51mm NATO
  4d4+2
  1-3/19-20
  20M7
  15
  150 ft.
  S/2h
  11.2 lbs.
  3
  25/+1
  1957
  R$1,050
  DEP
  SiG SG 542
        7.62x51mm NATO
  4d4+2
  1-2/19-20
  20M7
  18
  125 ft.
  S/2h
  7.8 lbs.
  2
  24/+1
  1975
  R$1,600
  DEP, UPG (bipod)
  SiG 510
        7.62x51mm NATO
  4d4+2
  1-2/19-20
  20M7
  11
  175 ft.
  S/2h
  12.3 lbs.
  3
  25/+1
  1960
  R$1,600
  –
  SiG Stgw 57
        7.5x55mm Swiss
  4d4+2
  1-2/19-20
  24M6
  11
  200 ft.
  S/2h
  12.3 lbs.
  3
  25/+1
  1955
  R$2,000
  –
  Squad Automatic Weapons
  Caliber IV
  Beretta BM59 Mk. IV
        7.62x51mm NATO
  4d4+2
  1-3/19-20
  20M8
  11
  180 ft.
  S/2h
  12 lbs.
  1
  25/+1
  1959
  R$1,500
  NFM (S/B/F) UPD (bipod)
  FN FALO
        7.62x51mm NATO
  4d4+2
  1-3/19-20
  30M6
  10
  200 ft.
  S/2h
  13.2 lbs.
  1
  25/+1
  1958
  R$2,000
  NFM (S/B/F) OVH, RGD, 
  UPG (bipod)
  
  14
  OPEN GAMING LICENSE
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  System Rules Document Copyright 2000, Wizards of the Coast, Inc.; Authors Jonathan 
  Tweet, Monte Cook, Skip Williams, based on original material by E. Gary Gygax and 
  Dave Arneson. 
  Spycraft 2.0 Rulebook, Copyright 2005, Alderac Entertainment Group, Inc.; Authors 
  Alexander Flagg, Scott Gearin, and Patrick Kapera. 
  World on Fire Toolkit Setting, Copyright 2007, Alderac Entertainment Group, Inc.; 
  Authors Alex Flagg, Scott Gearin, and Patrick Kapera. 
  Spycraft Espionage Handbook Copyright 2002, Alderac Entertainment Group, Inc.; 
  Authors Patrick Kapera and Kevin Wilson. 
  Spycraft 1960s Decade Book Copyright 2003, Alderac Entertainment Group, Inc.;
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  Crow, Alexander Flagg, B.D. Flory, Clayton A. Oliver, Steven Peterson. 
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  Authors Steve Crow, Alexander Flagg, B.D. Flory, Clayton A. Oliver. 
  Spycraft U.S. Militaries Guide Copyright 2004, Alderac Entertainment Group, Inc.; 
  Authors Dave McAlister, Clayton A. Oliver, Patrick Kapera.
  Spycraft World Militaries Guide Copyright 2004, Alderac Entertainment Group, Inc.; 
  Authors Dave McAlister, Clayton A. Oliver, Patrick Kapera. 
  Spycraft Modern Arms Guide Copyright 2002, Alderac Entertainment Group, Inc.; 
  Authors Chad Brunner, Tim D’Allaird, Rob Dake, Michael Fish, Scott Gearin, Owen 
  Hershey, Patrick Kapera, Michael Petrovich, Jim Wardrip, Stephen Wilcoxon.
  Spycraft Faceman/Snoop Class Guide Copyright 2003, Alderac Entertainment Group, 
  Inc.; Authors Alexander Flagg, Clayton A. Oliver. 
  Spycraft Fixer/Pointman Class Guide Copyright 2003, Alderac Entertainment Group, 
  Inc.; Authors Scott Gearin. 
  Spycraft Soldier/Wheelman Class Guide Copyright 2003, Alderac Entertainment Group, 
  Inc.; Authors Chad Brunner, Shawn Carman, B.D. Flory, Scott Gearin, Patrick Kapera.
  Shooter’s Guide: Pistol Caliber Carbines Copyright 2009, 93 Games Studio; Author 
  Clayton Oliver 
  Shooter’s Guide: Alternate Arms Copyright 2009, 93 Games Studio; Author Clayton 
  Oliver
  Shooter’s Guide: Cold Warriors Copyright 2009, 93 Games Studio; Author Clayton 
  Oliver
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