# A lattice NRQCD computation of the bag parameters for Δ⁢𝐵=2 operatorsPresented by N.Yamada.

## 1 Introduction

The NRQCD calculation is essential to obtain a prediction for $`B_B`$ with precision better than $`O(20\%)`$, as the size of $`1/M`$ correction, which is not included in the static calculations, is expected to be $`\mathrm{\Lambda }_{QCD}/m_b`$ = 0.1$``$0.2. We update our study of $`B_B`$ using the NRQCD, which was previously presented at the last lattice conference . A paper version is also available .

Based on the same calculation method, we have also calculated $`B_S`$, which is relevant to the width difference of $`B_s`$ meson system .

## 2 Method

The bag parameter $`B_{X_q}(m_b)`$ is defined using a vacuum saturation approximation (VSA) as

$`B_{X_q}(m_b)`$ $`=`$ $`{\displaystyle \frac{\overline{B}_q^0|𝒪_{X_q}(m_b)|B_q^0}{\overline{B}_q^0|𝒪_{X_q}(m_b)|B_q^0_{\mathrm{VSA}}}},`$ (1)   
where the $`\mathrm{\Delta }B`$=2 operators $`𝒪_{X_q}`$ are $`𝒪_{L_q}=\overline{b}\gamma _\mu P_Lq\overline{b}\gamma _\mu P_Lq`$ or $`𝒪_{S_q}=\overline{b}P_Lq\overline{b}P_Lq`$. ($`P_L`$ is a projection operator $`P_L=1\gamma _5`$.) Subscript $`q`$ denotes the valence light quark $`d`$ or $`s`$, which we omit in the following if there is no risk of confusion. We use a notation $`B_L`$ instead of $`B_B`$ to remind that it is a matrix element of $`𝒪_L`$ and to distinguish it from $`𝒪_S`$.

Using the operators constructed on the lattice with static heavy and clover light quark $`O_X^{\mathrm{lat}}`$, the continuum operators defined with the $`\overline{MS}`$ scheme $`𝒪_X`$ are written as

$`𝒪_L(m_b)`$ $`=`$ $`{\displaystyle \underset{X=\{L,S,R,N\}}{}}Z_{L,X}O_X^{\mathrm{lat}}(a^1),`$ (2)   
$`𝒪_S(m_b)`$ $`=`$ $`{\displaystyle \underset{X=\{S,L,R,P\}}{}}Z_{S,X}O_X^{\mathrm{lat}}(a^1),`$ (3)   
$`𝒜_0`$ $`=`$ $`Z_AA_0^{\mathrm{lat}},`$ (4)   
where new operators $`𝒪_R`$, $`𝒪_N`$ and $`𝒪_P`$ are involved:

$`𝒪_R`$ $`=`$ $`\overline{b}\gamma _\mu P_Rq\overline{b}\gamma _\mu P_Rq,`$   
$`𝒪_N`$ $`=`$ $`2\overline{b}\gamma _\mu P_Lq\overline{b}\gamma _\mu P_Rq+4\overline{b}P_Lq\overline{b}P_Rq,`$   
$`𝒪_P`$ $`=`$ $`2\overline{b}\gamma _\mu P_Lq\overline{b}\gamma _\mu P_Rq+12\overline{b}P_Lq\overline{b}P_Rq.`$   
$`Z_{L,X}`$ and $`Z_{S,X}`$ are perturbative matching factors obtained at one-loop level . We also write the matching of the heavy-light axial current $`𝒜`$ with the renormalization constant $`Z_A`$.

The bag parameters are, then, written in terms of the corresponding quantities measured on the lattice $`B_X^{\mathrm{lat}}`$ as

$`B_L(m_b)`$ $`=`$ $`{\displaystyle \underset{X=\{L,S,R,N\}}{}}Z_{L,X/A^2}B_X^{\mathrm{lat}}(a^1),`$ (5)   
$`B_S(m_b)/0.734`$ $`=`$ $`{\displaystyle \underset{X=\{S,L,R,P\}}{}}Z_{S,X/A^2}B_X^{\mathrm{lat}}(a^1).`$ (6)   
Here $`Z_{L,X/A^2}`$ denotes a ratio of matching constants $`Z_{L,X}/Z_A^2`$, and $`B_X^{\mathrm{lat}}`$ is defined by

$`B_X^{\mathrm{lat}}(a^1)`$ $`=`$ $`{\displaystyle \frac{\overline{B}^0|𝒪_X^{\mathrm{lat}}(a^1)|B^0}{c\overline{B}^0|A_\mu ^{\mathrm{lat}}|00|A_\mu ^{\mathrm{lat}}|B^0}}.`$ (7)   
A numerical constant $`c`$ is 8/3 or $``$5/3 in $`B_L`$ or in $`B_S`$ respectively.

The vacuum saturation of the operator $`𝒪_S`$ introduces a matrix element of the pseudoscalar density $`P=\overline{b}\gamma _5q`$, which is often rewritten in terms of $`A_\mu `$ using the equation of motion. In doing so, a factor $`(\overline{m}_b(m_b)+\overline{m}_s(m_b))^2/M_{B_s}^2`$ appears, for which we use

$`m_b=4.8\mathrm{GeV},`$ $`\overline{m_b}(m_b)=4.4\mathrm{GeV},`$   
$`\overline{m_s}(m_b)=0.2\mathrm{GeV},`$ $`M_{B_s}=5.37\mathrm{GeV}`$   
as in Ref., and obtain 0.734 given in Eq.(6).

Unfortunately the one-loop coefficients for the perturbative matching are not yet available for the NRQCD action. We use, therefore, the one-loop coefficients calculated in the static limit as an approximation. It introduces a systematic error of $`O(\alpha _s/(am_Q))`$, but no logarithmic divergence appears. The numerical values of $`Z_{L,X/A^2}`$ and $`Z_{S,X/A^2}`$ at $`\beta `$=5.9 are given in Table 1, in which we linearize the perturbative expansion of $`Z_{L,X}/Z_A^2`$ and neglect all the $`O(\alpha _s^2)`$ terms. For the coupling constant, $`\alpha _V(q^{})`$ with $`q^{}=1/a`$ and $`\pi /a`$ is used throughout this paper.

Our simulation was carried out on a quenched $`16^3\times 48`$ lattice at $`\beta `$=5.9. We have increased the statistics to 250 from 100 at the time of Lattice 98 . We performed two sets of simulations with the NRQCD actions and currents improved through $`O(1/m_Q)`$ and $`O(1/m_Q^2)`$, which enables us to study the higher order effects in the $`1/m_Q`$ expansion explicitly. The light quark is described by the clover action with the tadpole improved clover coefficient $`c_{sw}=1/u_0^3`$. The inverse lattice spacing is determined from the rho meson mass as $`a^1`$ = 1.62 GeV.

## 3 $`B_L`$

Figure 1 shows $`1/M_P`$ dependence of $`B_{L_d}(m_b)`$ ($`q^{}`$=$`1/a`$) with $`M_P`$ the pseudoscalar heavy-light meson mass. Open circles denote the results with the $`O(1/m_Q)`$ NRQCD action and open triangles denote those with the $`O(1/m_Q^2)`$ action.

We fit the $`O(1/m_Q^2)`$ results to a quadratic function of $`1/M_P`$ (dashed line) and obtain the value in the static limit (small open triangle). We also plot the previous results in the static limit by UKQCD  (filled diamond), Kentucky group  (filled circle) and Giménez and Martinelli  (filled triangle). In order to make a consistent comparison we reanalyzed their data using the same matching procedure described in the last section. Our data extrapolated to the static limit nicely agrees with these direct simulation results, as it should be.

From Figure 1 we observe that $`B_L`$ has a small negative slope in $`1/M_P`$, which is well described by the vacuum saturation approximation  and also observed in the lattice calculations with relativistic actions . We also find that the $`O(1/m_Q^2)`$ corrections to the action and current gives only a few per cent contribution to $`B_L`$.

The dominant uncertainty in our result comes from the unknown one-loop coefficients for the NRQCD action. A crude estimate with order counting suggests that the corresponding systematic error is $`O(\alpha _s/(am_b))`$ $``$ 10%. Other possible systematic errors are the discretization error of $`O(a^2\mathrm{\Lambda }_{QCD}^2)`$ and of $`O(\alpha _sa\mathrm{\Lambda }_{QCD})`$, the relativistic correction of $`O(\mathrm{\Lambda }_{QCD}^2/m_b^2)`$, and a small uncertainty in the chiral extrapolation.

Taking them into account, we obtain the following values as our final results from the quenched lattice,

$`B_{B_d}(m_b)=0.75(3)(12),{\displaystyle \frac{B_{B_s}}{B_{B_d}}}=1.01(1)(3),`$ (8)   
where the first error is statistical and the second a sum of the systematic errors in quadrature. In estimating the error in the ratio $`B_{B_s}/B_{B_d}`$ we consider the error from chiral extrapolation only, assuming that other uncertainties cancel in the ratio.

## 4 $`B_S`$

Figure 2 shows the $`1/M_P`$ dependence of $`B_{S_s}(m_b)`$ with $`q^{}=1/a`$. We see a significant increase of $`B_S`$ with the $`1/M`$ correction, which is 20$``$30%. Our preliminary result with a similar error analysis as in $`B_L`$ is

$`B_{S_s}(m_b)=1.19(2)(20).`$ (9)   
The width difference in the $`B_s\overline{B}_s`$ mixing $`\mathrm{\Delta }\mathrm{\Gamma }_s`$ is theoretically calculated using the $`1/M`$ expansion as 

$`\left({\displaystyle \frac{\mathrm{\Delta }\mathrm{\Gamma }}{\mathrm{\Gamma }}}\right)_s=\left({\displaystyle \frac{f_{B_s}}{210\mathrm{M}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}}}\right)^2`$   
$`\times `$ $`\left[0.006B_{L_s}(m_b)+0.150B_{S_s}(m_b)0.063\right].`$   
Using our result for $`B_L`$ and $`B_S`$, and a recent dynamical lattice result $`f_{B_s}`$ = 245(30) MeV , we obtain $`(\mathrm{\Delta }\mathrm{\Gamma }/\mathrm{\Gamma })_s`$ = 0.16(3)(4), where errors are from $`f_{B_s}`$ and from $`B_S`$ respectively.

Numerical calculations have been done on Paragon XP/S at Institute for Numerical Simulations and Applied Mathematics in Hiroshima University. We are grateful to S. Hioki for allowing us to use his program to generate gauge configurations. S.H. and T.O. are supported in part by the Grants-in-Aid of the Ministry of Education (Nos. 11740162,10740125). K-I.I. would like to thank the JSPS for Young Scientists for a research fellowship.