# I Introduction

## I Introduction

Main features of the baryon magnetic moments have been understood in the frameworks of unitary symmetry  and quark models  years ago. But nowadays experimental accuracy of the baryon magnetic moments measurement is very high reaching the level of $`1\%`$ . So theoretician task is no more to describe them reasonably well but to search more elaborated models to account for data. Among many interesting models developed in order to solve this problem from various points of view I cite only few of them -. Recently in  we have shown that the baryon magnetic moment description in frameworks of the chiral model  and the quark soliton $`\xi `$QSM one  are practically identical. The main difference from the traditional unitary symmetry approach proves to be in terms corresponding to some kind of the meson cloud contribution and in the prediction for the $`\mathrm{\Lambda }`$ hyperon moment. In this work I want to investigate the unitary symmetry content of two recent rather sophisticated models, that of  and of aforementioned .

I shall show that the difference between the magnetic moment results in the quark model with null instantons and semibosonized Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model lies principally in the evaluation of the magnetic moment of the $`\mathrm{\Lambda }`$-hyperon.

## II Magnetic moments with null instantons

First I consider an interesting model  with null instantons where a dynamical symmetry breaking for the magnetic moments of baryons was proposed. This effect was attributed to the contribution arising due to the time average of the two quark exchange in spin 0 state, contained in an instanton and anti-instanton ball, into the magnetic moment of the third quark. We remind here the main formulae of :

$$\begin{array}{cc}\mu (p)=(1+\frac{8}{9}z)\mu \alpha ,\hfill & \mu (n)=\frac{2}{3}\mu (1+\frac{1}{3}z),\hfill \\ \mu (\mathrm{\Sigma }^+)=\frac{1}{9}(8(1+z)\mu +\mu ^{^{}})\beta ,\hfill & \mu (\mathrm{\Sigma }^{})=\frac{1}{9}(4\mu +\mu ^{^{}})+\beta ,\hfill \\ \mu (\mathrm{\Xi }^0)=\frac{1}{9}(4\mu ^{^{}}2(1+z)\mu ),\hfill & \mu (\mathrm{\Xi }^{})=\frac{1}{9}(4\mu ^{^{}}+\mu )+\beta ,\hfill \\ \mu (\mathrm{\Lambda })=\frac{1}{3}\mu ^{^{}}\frac{1}{3}(\alpha \beta ).\hfill & \end{array}$$
(1)   
Now let us analyze the unitary symmetry content of the Eqs. (1). It is straightforward to see that the SU(3) electromagnetic current is no longer a pure octet but is broken with the Gell-Mann - Okubo  and other terms (I disregard space-time indices):

$`J^{em,symm}=F(\overline{B}_1^\gamma B_\gamma ^1\overline{B}_\gamma ^1B_1^\gamma )+D(\overline{B}_1^\gamma B_\gamma ^1+\overline{B}_\gamma ^1B_1^\gamma )+`$ (2)   
$`g_1\overline{B}_3^\gamma B_\gamma ^3+g_2\overline{B}_\gamma ^3B_3^\gamma +(T{\displaystyle \frac{2}{3}}D)Sp(\overline{B}_\beta ^\gamma B_\gamma ^\beta )+3d(\overline{B}_2^1B_1^2\overline{B}_1^2B_2^1),`$ (3)   
where

$$\begin{array}{cc}\mu (p)=F+\frac{1}{3}D+g_1+t,\hfill & \mu (n)=\frac{2}{3}D+g_1+t,\hfill \\ \mu (\mathrm{\Sigma }^+)=F+\frac{1}{3}D+t+d,\hfill & \mu (\mathrm{\Sigma }^{})=F+\frac{1}{3}D+td,\hfill \\ \mu (\mathrm{\Xi }^0)=\frac{2}{3}D+g_2+t,\hfill & \mu (\mathrm{\Xi }^{})=F+\frac{1}{3}D+g_2+t,\hfill \\ \mu (\mathrm{\Lambda })=\frac{1}{3}D+\frac{2}{3}(g_1+g_2)+t\hfill & \end{array}$$
(4)   
and

$$\begin{array}{cc}D=(\mu _u\mu _d)\frac{1}{2}(\alpha \beta ),\hfill & F=\frac{2}{3}(\mu _u\mu _d)\frac{1}{2}(\alpha +\beta ),\hfill \\ g_1=\frac{1}{3}(\mu _d\mu _s)\frac{1}{2}(\alpha \beta ),\hfill & g_2=\frac{5}{3}(\mu _d\mu _s)\frac{1}{2}(\alpha \beta ),\hfill \\ d=\frac{1}{2}(\alpha \beta ),\hfill & t+\frac{1}{3}D=\frac{2}{3}(\mu _u+\mu _d)\frac{1}{3}\mu _s.\hfill \end{array}$$
(5)   
Here 

$$\mu _u=\frac{2}{3}(1+z)\mu ,\mu _d=\frac{1}{3}\mu ,\mu _s=\frac{1}{3}\mu ^{^{}}$$

and $`B_\eta ^\gamma `$ is a baryon octet, $`B_1^3=p`$, $`B_3^2=\mathrm{\Xi }^0`$ etc. This current is just a sum of the traditional unitary electromagnetic current  and the traditional unitary middle-strong baryonic one  plus a nonlinear in quantum numbers term for $`\mathrm{\Sigma }`$ -hyperons. The latter term can be attributed to some kind of meson cloud contribution. With some algebra it can be placed into nucleon magnetic moments or $`\mathrm{\Xi }`$ hyperon ones. In the model based on the phenomenological current Eq.(3) the only relation holds (the numbers under this and following relations are given in nuclear magnetons):

$$2\mu (p)+2\mu (n)\mu (\mathrm{\Sigma }^+)\mu (\mathrm{\Sigma }^{})+2\mu (\mathrm{\Xi }^{})+2\mu (\mathrm{\Xi }^0)6\mu (\mathrm{\Lambda })=0$$
(6)   
$$(10.4210.04=0).$$

As due to Eq.(5)

$$5g_1g_2+4d=0,$$
(7)   
it splits into two relations Eq.(8) and Eq.(9) tacitly contained in :

$$10\mu (p)+20\mu (n)5\mu (\mathrm{\Sigma }^+)13\mu (\mathrm{\Sigma }^{})+18\mu (\mathrm{\Xi }^{})30\mu (\mathrm{\Lambda })=0$$
(8)   
$$(61.462.2=0),$$

$$4[\mu (\mathrm{\Sigma }^{})\mu (\mathrm{\Xi }^{})]5[\mu (n)\mu (\mathrm{\Xi }^0)]=0$$
(9)   
$$(2.04+3.30=0).$$

The most successful fit of  (those named (iv)) reads:

$$\mu =3.02398909,\mu ^{^{}}=1.18108,z=0.1532,\alpha =\beta =0.18065841.$$

So the main features of the baryon magnetic moment picture in the quark model with instantons of  can be comprehended in terms of unitary symmetry approach.

## III Semibosonized Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model for the baryon magnetic moments

Now I consider another quite distinct model for the magnetic moments of baryons developed in  within the chiral quark soliton model. In this model, known also as the semibosonized Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model, the baryon can be considered as $`N_c`$ valence quarks coupled to the polarized Dirac sea bound by a nontrivial chiral background hedgehog field in the Hartree-Fock approximation . Magnetic moments of baryons were written in the form :

$$\left(\begin{array}{ccccccc}\mu (p)& & & & & & \\ \mu (n)& & & & & & \\ \mu (\mathrm{\Lambda })& & & & & & \\ \mu (\mathrm{\Sigma }^+)& & & & & & \\ \mu (\mathrm{\Sigma }^{})& & & & & & \\ \mu (\mathrm{\Xi }^0)& & & & & & \\ \mu (\mathrm{\Xi }^{})& & & & & & \end{array}\right)=\left(\begin{array}{ccccccc}8& 4& 8& 5& 1& 0& 8\\ 6& 2& 14& 5& 1& 2& 4\\ 3& 1& 9& 0& 0& 0& 9\\ 8& 4& 4& 1& 1& 0& 4\\ 2& 6& 14& 5& 1& 2& 4\\ 6& 2& 4& 1& 1& 0& 4\\ 2& 6& 8& 5& 1& 0& 8\end{array}\right)\left(\begin{array}{ccccccc}v& & & & & & \\ w& & & & & & \\ x& & & & & & \\ y& & & & & & \\ z& & & & & & \\ p& & & & & & \\ q& & & & & & \end{array}\right)$$
(1)   
Here parameters $`v,w`$ are related linearly with the usual coupling constants of the unitary symmetry approach  while parameters $`x,y,z,p,qm_s`$ are specific for the model. Upon algebraic transformations the expressions for 6 baryons $`B(qq,q^{^{}})`$ can be rewritten in the form analogous to Eqs.(4) where now

$$\begin{array}{cc}F=5v+5w9x3yp2z,\hfill & D=9v3w13x7y+4qp,\hfill \\ g_1=4x+4y4qz,\hfill & g_2=22x+10y4q+2p+z,\hfill \\ t=\frac{1}{3}(28x+13y+8q+4p).\hfill & \end{array}$$
(2)   
It means that magnetic moments of the octet baryons B(qq,q’) in the semibosonized Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model  can also be obtained from the unitary electromagnetic current given by Eq.(3). With this current the magnetic moment of the $`\mathrm{\Lambda }`$-hyperon reads:

$$\mu (\mathrm{\Lambda })^{null}=\frac{1}{3}D(8x+5y8q),$$
(3)   
which differs from that given by Eq.(1):

$$\mu (\mathrm{\Lambda })^{NJL}\mu (\mathrm{\Lambda })^{null}=\frac{1}{3}(16x8y7q+p).$$
(4)   
Besides the relation given by Eq.(7) this is the only important difference in predictions of the two otherwise independent models.

## IV Conclusion

So the two models with different theoretical foundations that is the quark model with null instanton and anti-instanton balls  and semibosonized Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model  give similar algebraic structure for the magnetic moments of the baryon octet. The only difference between them lying effectively in the evaluation of the magnetic moment of the $`\mathrm{\Lambda }`$-hyperon. It may have deeper meaning as $`\mathrm{\Lambda }`$-hyperon being composed of all different quarks is characterized by zero values of isotopic spin and hypercharge. Without more elaborated theoretical calculations of either instanton ball interactions or profile function of Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model it is difficult to argue for either of these models.

The most important result that can be deduced from  and  is that the unitary symmetry model with some kind of middle strong interaction and meson cloud contribution lies in the base of both descriptions of the magnetic moments of the baryons.

## ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The author wishes to express her hearty thanks to Profs. V.M. Dubovik and V.S. Zamiralov for useful discussions.