# 1 Young stellar kinematic groups

Late-type stars members of young stellar kinematic groups 

D. Montes<sup>1</sup>, A. Latorre<sup>1</sup>, M.J. Fernández-Figueroa<sup>1</sup>

<sup>1</sup> Departamento de Astrofísica, Facultad de Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain (dmg@astrax.fis.ucm.es)   

To be published in ASP Conf. Ser., Stellar clusters and associations: convection, rotation, and dynamos (Second ”Three-Islands” Euroconference) (May 25 - 28, 1999, Mondello, Palermo, Sicily, Italy), R. Pallavicini, G. Micela and S. Sciortino eds.

Abstract

We have compiled a catalog of late-type stars (F5-M) member of representative young disk stellar kinematic groups: the Local Association (Pleiades moving group, 20 - 150 Myr), Ursa Mayor group (Sirius supercluster, 300 Myr), and Hyades supercluster (600 Myr). Other moving groups as IC 2391 supercluster (35 Myr) and Castor Moving Group (200 Myr) have been also included.

Stars have been selected from previously established member of stellar kinematic groups based in photometric and kinematic properties as well as from candidates based in other criteria as their level of chromospheric activity, rotation rate, lithium abundance. Precise measurements of proper motions and parallaxes taken from Hipparcos Catalogue, and published radial velocity measurements are used to calculate Galactic space motions (U, V, W) in order to determine the membership of the selected stars to the different stellar kinematic groups.

In addition to kinematic properties we also give for each star photometric, spectroscopic and physical properties as well as information about activity indicators and Li abundance. Some chromospherically active binaries results to be also members of some of these stellar kinematic groups.

Introduction

Stellar kinematic groups, moving groups or superclusters, are kinematically coherent groups of stars that should have the same basic properties as a genuine open cluster (except for spatial compactness). The origin of these groups can be the evaporation of a open cluster of the remnants of a star formation region. It has long been known that in the solar vicinity there are several kinematic groups of stars that share the same space motions that well know open clusters. The best documented groups are the Hyades supercluster (Eggen 1992b) associated with the Hyades cluster (600 Myr), the Ursa Mayor group (Sirius supercluster) (Eggen 1984a, 1992a, 1998b, Soderblom & Mayor 1993a, b) associated with the UMa cluster of stars (300 Myr). A younger kinematic group called the Local Association or Pleiades moving group seems to consists of a reasonably coherent kinematic stream of young stars with embedded clusters and associations such as the Pleiades, $`\alpha `$ Per, NGC 2516, IC 2602 and the Scorpious-Centaurus cluster (Eggen 1983, 1992c). The age of the star of this association range from about 20 to 150 Myr. Evidences have been found that X-ray and EUV selected active stars and lithium-rich stars (Favata et al. 1993, 1995, 1998; Jeffries & Jewell 1993; Mullis & Bopp 1994; Jeffries 1995) are member of this association. Other two young moving groups are the IC 2391 supercluster (35-55 Myr) (Eggen 1991, 1995) and the Castor Moving Group (200 Myr) (Barrado y Navacués 1998).

Recently, several studies using extended samples of star with known radial velocities and astrometric data taken from Hipparcos (Chereul et al. 1998, 1999, Dehnen 1998, Asiain et al. 1999) not only confirm the existence of classical moving groups, but also detect finer structures that in several cases can be related to kinematic properties of nearby open clusters or associations. More complex structures characterized by several longer branches (Sirius, middle, and Pleiades branches) running almost parallel to each other across the UV-plane have been found by Skuljan et al. (1999) in their study of the velocity distribution of star in the solar neighborhood.

A large fraction of the well known members to the different moving groups are early type star, however few studies are centered in late-type stars. Identification of significant numbers of the late-type population of these young moving groups would be extremely important to the study of the chromospheric and coronal activity and their age evolution.

In this contribution we compile a sample of late-type stars, previously established members or possible new candidates to different young stellar kinematic groups (see Table 1). We examine their kinematic properties (distribution of stars in the velocity space, UV amd WV planes), using the more recent radial velocities and astrometric data available, in order to determine their membership to the different moving groups.

Selection of the Sample

Stars included in this work have been selected from previously established member of stellar kinematic groups (see references given in Table 1) based in photometric and kinematic properties as well as from candidates based in other criteria as their level of chromospheric activity, rotation rate, lithium abundance. We have selected star from different sources:

* The study of Agekyan & Orlov (1984) which searched for kinematic groups in the solar neighborhood.
* The study of ages of spotted late-type stars by Chugainov (1991).
* X-ray and EUV selected active stars and lithium-rich stars (Favata et al. 1993, 1995, 1998; Jeffries & Jewell 1993; Tagliaferri et al. 1994, Mullis & Bopp 1994; Jeffries 1995, Schschter et al. 1996).
* Single rapidly rotating stars as AB Dor, PZ Tel, HD 197890, RE J1816+541, BD+22 4409 (LO Peg), HK Aqr, V838 Cen, V343 Nor, LQ Hya, previously assigned membership of the Local Association.
* Chromospherically active late-type stars dwarfs in the solar neighborhood with studied kinematic properties (Young et al. 1987; Upgren 1988; Soderblom 1990; Ambruster et al. 1998).
* Flare stars with studied kinematic properties (Poveda et al. 1996).
* Other chromospherically active single and binary stars (Strassmeier et al. 1993, Henry et al. 1995, 1996; Soderblom et al. 1998)
* The study of nearby young solar analogs by Gaidos (1998).

Membership to the moving groups

In order to determine the membership of this sample to the different stellar kinematic groups we have studied the distribution of stars in the velocity space by calculating the Galactic space-velocity components (U, V , W) in a right-handed coordinated system (positive in the directions of the Galactic center, Galactic rotation, and the North Galactic Pole, respectively). The procedures in Johnson & Soderblom (1987) were used to calculate U, V, W, and their associated errors.

\- Parallaxes and proper motions are taken from Hipparcos Catalogue (ESA, 1997); PPM (Positions and Proper Motions) Catalogue (Röser & Bastian 1991; Bastian et al, 1993; Röser et al, 1994); ACT Reference Catalog (Urban et al. 1997); and TCR (Tycho Reference Catalogue) (Hog et al. 1998).

\- Radial velocities are taken primarily from the compilation WEB (Wilson Evans Batten) Catalogue (Duflot et al. 1995), the Catalogue of radial velocities of Nearby Stars (Tokovinin, 1992), and from other references given in SIMBAD, and in the CNS3, Catalogue of Nearby Stars, Preliminary 3rd Version (Gliese & Jahreiss 1991).

– In Fig 1. we represent the (U, V) and (W, V) planes (Boettlinger Diagram) for our star sample. The distribution of the stars in this figure shows concentrations around the (U, V, W) position corresponding to the five moving groups listed in Table 1. In base of these concentrations we have classified the stars of our sample as member of one of these moving groups or as other young disk star if their classification is not clear but it is inside or near the boundaries (dashed line in Fig. 1) that determine the young disk population as defined by Eggen (1984b, 1989). In Fig. 2 we plot the (U, V) for the Local Association, with some star identified.

– In Tables 2 to 6 <sup>1</sup><sup>1</sup>1Tables 2 to 6 available at http://www.ucm.es/info/Astrof/ltyskg.html we list the candidate stars for each moving group. We give the name, spectral type, coordinates (FK5 1950.0), radial velocity (V<sub>r</sub>) and the error in km/s, parallax ($`\pi `$) and the error in milli arc second (mas), proper motions $`\mu `$<sub>α</sub> and $`\mu `$<sub>δ</sub> and their errors in mas per year (mas/yr), and the U, V, W, calculated components with their associated errors in km/s. In the last column we mark with Y previously established members of the stellar kinematic group and Y? possible new members in base of their position in the (U, V) plane.