# 1 The 𝑝-𝑡 momentum distributions

The Longitudinal and Transverse Response of the $`{}_{}{}^{4}He(e,e^{}p)`$ Reaction in the Dip Region

A. Kozlov<sup>1</sup>, K.A. Aniol<sup>5</sup>, P. Bartsch<sup>2</sup>, D. Baumann<sup>2</sup>, W. Bertozzi<sup>3</sup>, R. Böhm<sup>2</sup>, K. Bohinc<sup>10</sup>, J.P. Chen<sup>4</sup>, D. Dale<sup>6</sup>, L. Dennis<sup>8</sup>, S. Derber<sup>2</sup>, M. Ding<sup>2</sup>, M.O. Distler<sup>2</sup>, A. Dooley<sup>8</sup>, P. Dragovitsch<sup>8</sup>, M.B. Epstein<sup>5</sup>, I. Ewald<sup>2</sup>, K.G. Fissum<sup>3</sup>, R.E.J. Florizone<sup>3</sup>, J. Friedrich<sup>2</sup>, J.M. Friedrich<sup>2</sup>, R. Geiges<sup>2</sup>, S. Gilad<sup>3</sup>, P. Jennewein<sup>2</sup>, M. Kahrau<sup>2</sup>, M. Kohl<sup>7</sup>, K.W. Krygier<sup>2</sup>, A. Liesenfeld<sup>2</sup>, D.J. Margaziotis<sup>5</sup>, H. Merkel<sup>2</sup>, P. Merle<sup>2</sup>, U. Müller<sup>2</sup>, R. Neuhausen<sup>2</sup>, T. Pospischil<sup>2</sup>, G. Riccardi<sup>8</sup>, R. Roche<sup>8</sup>, G. Rosner<sup>2</sup>, D. Rowntree<sup>3</sup>, A.J. Sarty<sup>8</sup>, H. Schmieden<sup>2</sup>, S. S̆irca<sup>10</sup>, J.A. Templon<sup>9</sup>, M. Thompson<sup>1</sup>, A. Wagner<sup>2</sup>, Th. Walcher<sup>2</sup>, M. Weis<sup>2</sup>, J. Zhao<sup>3</sup>, Z. Zhou<sup>3</sup>

1 – School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, VIC, Australia;   
2 – Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany;   
3 – Laboratory for Nuclear Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;   
4 – TJNAF, Newport News, VA, USA;   
5 – Department of Physics and Astr., California St. U., Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA;   
6 – Department of Physics and Astr., U. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA;   
7 – Institut für Kernphysik, Technische U. Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany;   
8 – Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA;   
9 – Department of Physics and Astronomy, U. of Georgia, Athens,GA 30602, USA;   
10 – Institute ”Jos̆ef Stefan”, University of Ljubljana, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenija;   
A high-resolution study of the $`(e,e^{}p)`$ reaction on $`{}_{}{}^{4}He`$ was carried out at the Institut für Kernphysik in Mainz, Germany. The high quality 100 % duty factor electron beam, and the high-resolution three-spectrometer-system of the A1 collaboration were used. The measurements were done in parallel kinematics at a central momentum transfer $`|\stackrel{}{q}|`$ = 685 MeV/c, and at a central energy transfer $`\omega `$ = 334 MeV, corresponding to a value of the $`y`$-scaling variable of +140 MeV/c. In order to enable the Rosenbluth separation of the longitudinal $`\sigma _L`$ and transverse $`\sigma _T`$ response functions (as defined in ), three measurements at different incident beam energies, corresponding to three values of the virtual photon polarization $`ϵ`$, were performed.   
The absolute $`(e,e^{}p)`$ cross section for $`{}_{}{}^{4}He`$ was obtained as a function of missing energy and missing momentum. A distorted spectral function, $`S^{dist}(E_m,p_m)`$ was extracted from the data using the $`cc1`$ prescription for the elementary off-shell e-p cross section (see ref.), where

$$S^{dist}(p_m,E_m)=\frac{1}{p_p^2\sigma _{ep}}\frac{d^6\sigma }{d\mathrm{\Omega }_ed\mathrm{\Omega }_pdp_edp_p}$$
(1)   
For the two-body breakup channel the experimental results were compared to the theoretical calculations performed by Schiavilla et al.  and Forest et al. , and to the earlier experimental momentum distributions measured at NIKHEF by van den Brand et al.  and the new results from MAMI by Florizone  as shown in Fig. 1. For the continuum channel, recent calculations for the $`{}_{}{}^{4}He`$ spectral function by Efros et al.  are presented in Fig. 2,B to compare with the experimental results.   
A Rosenbluth separation was performed for both the two-body breakup and for continium channels, and preliminary results were obtained. The ratio $`\sigma _L/\sigma _T`$ was determined and compared with predictions (see Figure 2).   
The measurements show no significant strength corresponding to the $`(e,e^{}p)`$ reaction channel for missing energy values $`E_m\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}50}MeV`$ as shown in Fig. 2.   

References   
1. S.Boffi et al., Nucl. Phys. A435 (1985) 697   
2. T. de Forest, Nucl. Phys., A392, 232 (1983)   
3. R. Schiavilla et al., Nucl. Phys. A449 219 (1986)   
4. J.L. Forest et al., Phys. Rev C54, 646 (1996)   
5. J.F.J. van den Brand et al., Nucl. Phys. A534 (1991) 637   
6. R.E.J. Florizone et al., to be published in Phys. Rev. C   
7. V. D. Efros, W. Leidemann, G. Orlandini, Phys. Rev. C58 (1998) 582