# Generation of continuous-wave THz radiation by use of quantum interference

## I Acknowledgments

We are very grateful to Prof. L. Windholz for his continuous interest to this work and useful discussions. D.V. Kosachiov thanks the members of the Institut für Experimentalphysik, TU Graz, for hospitality and support. This study was supported by the Austrian Science Foundation under project No. P 12894-PHY.

E. Korsunsky’s e-mail address is e.korsunsky@iep.tu-graz.ac.at.

Figure captions

Fig. 1. Closed $`\mathrm{\Lambda }`$ system with two metastable states $`|1`$ and $`|2`$. $`\omega _{31}`$ and $`\omega _{32}`$ are the optical frequencies, $`\omega _T`$ is the THz-range frequency.

Fig. 2. Spatial variations of the optical (a) and THz (b) field intensities and the relative phase $`\mathrm{\Phi }`$ (c) in a vapor of <sup>24</sup>Mg atoms interacting with radiation in a closed $`\mathrm{\Lambda }`$ configuration of levels $`3^3P_13^3P_2`$ $`\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}4}^3S_1`$. For this system, the relaxation rates are $`\gamma _{31}=3.4610^7`$ sec<sup>-1</sup>, $`\gamma _{32}=1.66\gamma _{31}`$, $`\gamma _{21}=2.610^{14}\gamma _{31}`$, the wavelengths $`\lambda _{31}=517.27nm`$, $`\lambda _{31}=518.36nm`$. Other parameters are: vapor temperature $`T=10^3`$ $`K`$, $`\mathrm{\Gamma }=0`$, detunings $`\mathrm{\Delta }_{31}=\mathrm{\Delta }_{32}=0`$, Rabi frequencies of input fields $`g_{31}\left(\tau =0\right)=10\gamma _{31},g_{32}\left(\tau =0\right)=0.1\gamma _{31}`$ and $`g_{12}\left(\tau =0\right)=0`$. The dotted curve in (b) is a calculation with formula (27) for $`u_{20}^2=0.5510^4`$.

Fig. 3. Spatial variations of the optical (a) and THz (b) field intensities and the relative phase $`\mathrm{\Phi }`$ (c) in a vapor of <sup>24</sup>Mg atoms for vapor temperature $`T=800`$ $`K`$, $`\mathrm{\Gamma }=10^4\gamma _{31}`$, detunings $`\mathrm{\Delta }_{31}=\mathrm{\Delta }_{32}=0`$, Rabi frequencies of input fields $`g_{31}\left(\tau =0\right)=60\gamma _{31},g_{32}\left(\tau =0\right)=20\gamma _{31}`$ and $`g_{12}\left(\tau =0\right)=0`$. Other parameters are the same as in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4. Spatial variations of the THz radiation intensity in a vapor of <sup>24</sup>Mg atoms for $`\mathrm{\Gamma }=210^3\gamma _{31}`$ and Rabi frequencies of input fields: (a) $`g_{31}\left(\tau =0\right)=60\gamma _{31},g_{32}\left(\tau =0\right)=20\gamma _{31}`$ and (b) $`g_{31}\left(\tau =0\right)=300\gamma _{31},g_{32}\left(\tau =0\right)=100\gamma _{31}`$. Other parameters are the same as in Fig. 3. Notice the different length scales in (a) and (b).