# NEW RESULTS FROM VES.

## 1 Introduction

We present the results of the PWA of $`\pi ^+\pi ^{}\pi ^{}`$, produced in reaction:

$`\pi ^{}Be`$ $``$ $`\pi ^+\pi ^{}\pi ^{}Be`$ (1)   
and $`\omega \pi ^{}\pi ^0`$ system, produced in:

$$\pi ^{}Be\omega \pi ^{}\pi ^0Be,\omega \pi ^+\pi ^{}\pi ^0$$
(2)   
Our previous results of the analysis of reaction (1) were published in , and of reaction (2) were partially reported at the conferences , . The measurements were carried out using VES spectrometer exposed by the $`37GeV`$ momentum $`\pi ^{}`$ beam. The description of the setup can be found in .

## 2  Results of the $`\pi ^+\pi ^{}\pi ^{}`$-system PWA.

The selection criteria for reaction (1) and the description of the PWA procedure can be found in . The relativistic covariant helicity formalism  is used to construct the amplitudes and the positively definite density matrix of the full rank. The largest waves of the $`J^P=0^{}`$, $`1^+`$, $`2^{}`$ channels are decoupled from the other waves with the same $`J^PM^\eta `$ and are free to interfere with each other. The $`610^6`$ events with $`|t^{}|<0.06GeV^2`$ <sup>1</sup><sup>1</sup>1 $`t^{}=tt_{min}`$, where $`t`$\- momentum transfer from the beam to the final state squared, $`t_{min}`$-its minimum value. and $`210^6`$ with $`0.06<|t^{}|<0.7GeV^2`$ are analyzed separately.

We present the main features of the most significant waves in the high $`3\pi `$ mass region.

$`J^PM^\eta =1^+0^+`$. A peak in the $`1^+0^+D\rho `$ wave (Fig.1(b)) and the shoulder in the $`1^+0^+S\rho `$ wave (Fig.1(a), (d)) are observed at $`M1.7GeV`$ and are considered to be the $`a_1^{}(1700)`$ decay into the $`\rho \pi `$. The peak was fitted with the coherent sum of the Breit-Wigner resonance and the exponential background. The fit results in the following $`a_1^{}(1700)`$ parameters:

$$\begin{array}{cc}M=1.80\pm 0.05GeV\hfill & \mathrm{\Gamma }=0.23_{0.03}^{+0.10}GeV;\hfill \end{array}$$

where the errors are dominated by systematics. The $`a_1^{}(1700)`$ branching ratios into the D-wave $`\rho \pi `$ and P-wave $`f_2(1270)\pi `$ are found to be:

$$\frac{Br(a_1^{}(1700)(\rho \pi )_D)}{Br(a_1^{}(1700)(\rho \pi )_S)}<0.35\frac{Br(a_1^{}(1700)f_2\pi )}{Br(a_1^{}(1700)(\rho \pi )_S)}<0.23\text{ at 95\% CL}$$

$`J^PM^\eta =2^{}0^+`$. A complicated wave behaviour for low $`t^{}`$ shown in Fig.2 is described by the interplay of the $`\pi _2(1670)`$ and $`\pi _2^{}(2100)`$ states . A peak at $`M1.7GeV`$ in the F-wave $`\rho \pi `$ wave intensity is observed.

$`J^PM^\eta =3^+0^+`$. A resonance-like signal is observed near $`M1.8GeV`$ in the $`\rho \pi `$ and $`f_2\pi `$ waves, see Fig.3. The phase of the $`3^+0^+D\rho `$ as related to the $`2^{}0^+Sf_2`$ is shown in Fig.3(c) and is in accordance with the expectations for a resonance. The simultaneous fit of the $`f_2\pi `$ intensity with the relativistic Breit-Wigner function and the $`\rho \pi `$ intensity with the incoherent sum of the Breit-Wigner and the Chebyshev polynomial background results in the following parameters of the resonance:

$$\begin{array}{cc}M=1.86\pm 0.02GeV,\hfill & \mathrm{\Gamma }=0.54\pm 0.03GeV.\hfill \end{array}$$

The relative probability of decay into the $`f_2(1270)\pi `$ and $`\rho (770)\pi `$ is as follows:

$$\frac{Br(a_3f_2(1270)\pi )}{Br(a_3\rho \pi )}=0.5\pm 0.1.$$

$`J^PM^\eta =4^+1^+`$. A bump near $`M2GeV`$ is found in the $`4^+1^+G\rho `$ and $`4^+1^+Ff_2`$ waves produced at high $`t^{}`$ (Fig.3). The phase of the $`4^+1^+G\rho `$ relative to the $`\pi _2(1670)`$ is in accordance with the expectation for the resonance. The simultaneous fit of the $`f_2\pi `$ intensity with the relativistic Breit-Wigner function and the $`\rho \pi `$ intensity with the incoherent sum of the Breit-Wigner and the Chebyshev polynomial background results in the following parameters of the resonance:

$$\begin{array}{cc}M=1.95\pm 0.02GeV,\hfill & \mathrm{\Gamma }=0.34\pm 0.10GeV.\hfill \end{array}$$

We identify this object with the $`a_4(2040)`$, having the following branching ratio:

$`{\displaystyle \frac{Br(a_4(2040)f_2(1270)\pi )}{Br(a_4(2040)\rho \pi )}}=0.5\pm 0.2.`$   
$`J^PM^\eta =1^{}1^+`$. The observation of a signal in the $`1^{}1^+P(\rho )`$ wave with $`M=1.62\pm 0.02GeV`$, $`\mathrm{\Gamma }=0.24\pm 0.05GeV`$ was previously reported as preliminary by the VES . Later, the observation of the state with $`M=1593\pm 8_{47}^{+20}MeV`$, $`\mathrm{\Gamma }=168\pm 20_{12}^{+150}MeV`$ was declared by the E852 . It was shown in  the model dependence of the signal behaviour. We do not observe such a narrow signal (Fig. 5) in the fit results with the applied PWA model. However there appears a peak at $`M1.6GeV`$ with $`\mathrm{\Gamma }0.3GeV`$ in the $`1^{}1^+`$ wave intensity, described by the leading term in the expansion of the density matrix in terms of the eigenvalues ( shown in Fig.7).

## 3 The results of the $`\omega \pi ^{}\pi ^0`$-system PWA

The selection criteria for reaction (2) and the description of the PWA procedure can be found in . The results of the PWA are presented in Fig. 6.

$`J^PM^\eta =0^{}0^+`$. A peak in the region of $`1.74GeV`$ with the flat background dominates in the wave $`0^{}0^+P(\rho )`$ at low $`t^{}`$ (Fig. 6(a)). The phase of this wave relative to the smooth $`1^+0^+P(b_1)`$ wave has the resonant behaviour. The resonance parameters were determined by the fit of the wave intensity with the incoherent sum of a relativistic Breit-Wigner function and a cubic polynomial and are as follows: the mass $`M=1.737\pm 0.005\pm 0.015GeV`$ and the width $`\mathrm{\Gamma }=0.259\pm 0.019\pm 0.06GeV`$.

$`J^PM^\eta =2^{}0^+`$. A clear peak is observed at $`M1.67GeV`$ with $`\mathrm{\Gamma }0.2GeV`$ (Fig. 6(b)). The resonant phase behaviour of the $`2^{}0^+P1(\rho )`$ and $`2^{}0^+P2(\rho )`$ waves relative to the $`1^+0^+P(b_1)`$ wave is observed. The resonance parameters of the $`2^{}0^+P2(\rho )`$ peak were estimated in the same way as for $`\pi (1740)`$: $`M=1.687\pm 0.009\pm 0.015GeV\text{ and }\mathrm{\Gamma }=0.168\pm 0.043\pm 0.053GeV`$. We identify this phenomenon with the decay of the $`\pi _2(1670)`$ into $`\omega \rho `$. The partial branching ratio was found by normalization to the decay $`\pi _2(1670)f_2(1270)\pi `$ , observed in the current experiment decay:

$`Br(\pi _2(1670)^{}\omega \rho ^{})=0.027\pm 0.004\pm 0.01`$   
The limits of the $`\pi _2(1670)`$ decay branching ratios are set at the $`2\sigma `$ confidence level:

$$\begin{array}{cc}Br(\pi _2(1670)\rho _1(1450)\pi )<0.0036,\hfill & Br(\pi _2(1670)b_1\pi )<0.0019.\hfill \end{array}$$

$`J^PM^\eta =3^+0^+`$. A peak at $`M_{5\pi }2GeV`$ and $`\mathrm{\Gamma }0.35GeV`$ is clearly seen in the $`3^+0^+S(\rho _3(1690))`$ wave for events with low $`t^{}`$ (Fig. 6(c)). However the resonant phase motion was not found. Such wave behaviour can be attributed to the Deck effect process .

$`J^PM^\eta =2^+1^+`$. The intensive production and decay of the $`a_2(1320)`$ is the main process at low masses (Fig. 6(d)). The decay probability was found to be $`Br(a_2(1320)\omega \pi ^{}\pi ^0)=(5\pm 1)\%`$. We define the $`a_2(1320)`$ partial width as that of a Breit-Wigner function with the S-wave $`\omega \pi ^{}\pi ^0`$ background. The nature of the $`1.7GeV`$ mass structure is unknown. There may be another resonance or the opening of the $`\omega \rho `$ channel . We can not make preference to a particular hypothesis.

$`J^PM^\eta =4^+1^+`$. The signal at $`M2GeV`$ (Fig. 6(e)) with the resonant phase behaviour can be identified as the $`a_4(2040)`$. The $`a_4(2040)`$ parameters are estimated by the fit with the incoherent sum of a $`D`$-wave relativistic Breit-Wigner function and a polynomial background to be: $`M=1.944\pm 0.008\pm 0.050GeV\text{ and }\mathrm{\Gamma }=0.324\pm 0.026\pm 0.075GeV`$. The $`t^{}`$-dependence of the $`a_4(2040)`$ is identical to that of the $`a_2(1320)`$.

$`J^PM^\eta =1^{}1^+`$. The intensity of the $`1^{}1^+S(b_1)`$ wave for events with high $`t^{}`$ shows a wide bump with maximum at $`M1.6÷1.7GeV`$. The highest intensity of this wave does not exceed $`15\%`$ of the $`2^+1^+S2(\rho )`$ wave intensity (Fig. 6(f)). The $`\omega \rho `$ P-waves are included in turn along with the $`b_1\pi `$ wave. Their intensity distribution differs in form from that of the $`b_1\pi `$ wave and their inclusion in the fit do not influence on the $`b_1\pi `$ wave intensity behaviour.

## 4 The $`J^PM^\eta =1^{}1^+`$ wave analysis

The combined analysis of the $`J^PM^\eta =1^{}1^+`$ $`b_1\pi `$ and the $`J^PM^\eta =2^+1^+`$ $`\omega \rho `$ was carried out in order to understand the nature of the $`b_1\pi `$ wave. The results of the $`\omega \pi ^{}\pi ^0`$ system PWA were used for this analysis. The diagonal elements and the real and imaginary parts of the non-diagonal element of the $`\rho `$-matrix corresponding to the $`1^{}1^+`$ $`b_1\pi `$ and $`2^+1^+`$ $`\omega \rho `$ waves with high $`t^{}`$ were simultaneously fitted. Fit results were used to predict the coherence parameter for cross checking. The $`b_1\pi `$ amplitude was saturated by the Breit-Wigner resonance and the coherent background. The $`\omega \rho ^{}`$ amplitude was saturated by the $`a_2(1320)`$-meson, a background and an $`a_2^{}`$ state has been also tried. The results of the fits with various ways of the $`\omega \rho ^{}`$ wave construction point out to the resonance nature of the $`b_1\pi `$ signal. The range of the parameters variation is large due to the freedom in the $`2^+1^+`$ state model.

The signal in the $`J^PM^\eta =1^{}1^+`$ wave of the $`\eta ^{}\pi ^{}`$-system with close parameters was observed earlier . The simultaneous fit of the $`b_1\pi `$ and $`\eta ^{}\pi `$ intensities with incoherent sum of a Breit-Wigner resonance and a background in each channel was carried out ( Fig. 7). The fit results in the following parameters:

$$\begin{array}{cc}M=1.58\pm 0.03GeV,\hfill & \mathrm{\Gamma }=0.30\pm 0.03GeV.\hfill \end{array}$$

The form of the signal in the $`1^{}1^+`$ $`\rho \pi `$ wave is close to the Breit-Wigner function with these parameters. A fit of all three channels results in the resonance parameters changed within errors. All these facts indicate to the existence of a wide resonance $`\mathrm{\Gamma }=0.29\pm 0.03GeV`$ with the mass $`M=1.61\pm 0.02GeV`$ and the relative branching ratio: $`Br(b_1\pi ):Br(\eta ^{}\pi ):Br(\rho \pi )=1:1.0\pm 0.3:1.6\pm 0.4.`$

## 5 Conclusions

The PWA of the reaction $`\pi ^{}Be\pi ^+\pi ^{}\pi ^{}Be`$ and $`\pi ^{}Be\pi ^+2\pi ^{}2\pi ^0Be`$ was performed.

The mass and the width of the resonance structure in the $`J^PM^\eta =0^{}0^+`$ $`\omega \rho ^{}`$ wave differs from that for $`\pi (1800)`$. There may exist two objects of the different nature: a hybrid $`\pi (1800)`$ and a $`3^1S_0\text{ }q\overline{q}`$ state decaying into $`\omega \rho `$.

The indication of the existence of the resonance $`a_1^{}`$ mostly decaying to the $`\rho \pi `$ in the S-wave is found.

The $`\pi _2(1670)`$ decays into the $`\omega \rho `$ and $`\rho \pi `$ in the F-wave are found.

The $`a_2(1320)^{}\omega \pi ^{}\pi ^0`$ decay and a wide bump of unknown nature at $`M1.7GeV`$ are observed in the $`J^PM^\eta =2^+1^+`$ wave. The $`a_3`$ and $`a_4(2040)`$ decays to the $`\rho \pi `$ and $`f_2\pi `$ are observed with the following relative branching ratio of the $`a_4(2040)`$ decays: $`Br(f_2(1270)\pi ):Br(\rho \pi ):Br(\omega \rho )=0.5\pm 0.2:1:1.5\pm 0.4`$

The preliminary results of the $`1^+`$ wave analysis point out to the existence of the resonance with exotic quantum numbers, which are forbidden for $`q\overline{q}`$ states, the mass $`M=1.61\pm 0.02GeV`$, the width $`\mathrm{\Gamma }=0.29\pm 0.02GeV`$ and the following relative branching ratio: $`Br(b_1\pi ):Br(\eta ^{}\pi ):Br(\rho \pi )=1:1.0\pm 0.3:1.6\pm 0.4.`$