# Preliminary study of 𝐵_𝐵 parameter using Lattice NRQCD

## 1 Introduction

The theoretical determination of the $`B`$ meson decay constant $`f_B`$ and the bag parameter $`B_B`$ are necessary to constrain $`|V_{tb}^{}V_{td}|`$. The lattice technique has been considered to be the most reliable approach, and a number of authors have calculated these quantities in different approaches. In recent years, the value of $`f_B`$ is almost being settled (but still within the quenched approximation) . On the other hand, $`B_B`$ has been calculated only under the approximation of $`m_b\mathrm{}`$ or $`a^1m_b`$, and there has been no systematic study of its heavy quark mass dependence. In this talk we study the $`1/m_Q`$ correction to the static limit using the NRQCD action, which is the first step to obtain $`B_B`$ with the realistic $`b`$-quark mass.

## 2 Method

Since the chiral symmetry is broken on the lattice, several lattice operators contribute to $`B_B`$ through

$`B_B(m_b)={\displaystyle \underset{i}{}}Z_iB_i^{\mathrm{lat}},`$ (1)   
where $`B_i^{\mathrm{lat}}`$ are

$`B_i^{\mathrm{lat}}(a^1)`$ $`=`$ $`{\displaystyle \frac{\overline{B^0}|\widehat{𝒪_i^l}(a^1)|B^0}{\frac{8}{3}\left(\frac{f_BM_B}{Z_A(q^{})}\right)^2}},`$   
and operators are given by

$`\widehat{𝒪^l}_L`$ $`=`$ $`\overline{b}\gamma _\mu (1\gamma _5)d\overline{b}\gamma _\mu (1\gamma _5)d`$   
$`\widehat{𝒪^l}_R`$ $`=`$ $`\overline{b}\gamma _\mu (1+\gamma _5)d\overline{b}\gamma _\mu (1+\gamma _5)d`$   
$`\widehat{𝒪^l}_N`$ $`=`$ $`2\overline{b}\gamma _\mu (1\gamma _5)d\overline{b}\gamma _\mu (1+\gamma _5)d`$   
$`+4\overline{b}(1\gamma _5)d\overline{b}(1+\gamma _5)d`$   
$`\widehat{𝒪^l}_S`$ $`=`$ $`\overline{b}(1\gamma _5)d\overline{b}(1\gamma _5)d.`$   
The operators other than $`\widehat{𝒪^l}_L`$ appear with $`O(\alpha _s)`$ mixing coefficients. Since the one-loop calculation of the coefficients $`Z_i`$ has not yet been done for the NRQCD action, we use those in the static approximation instead in this preliminary study. $`Z_i^{}s`$ at $`\beta `$=5.9 are given in Table 1.

The method of the calculation of $`B_i^{\mathrm{lat}}`$’s is standard. We place a point source of the heavy and light quarks at the origin, where the 4-fermi

operators are constructed, and $`B`$ and $`\overline{B}`$ mesons propagate in the opposite direction to each other. The ground state extraction is rather easier for NRQCD than for the static approximation, even though we use the local sink. This is another advantage of introducing the $`1/m_Q`$ corrections.

The actions and lattice parameters are summarized in Table 2. The inverse lattice spacing is determined from the rho meson mass as $`a^1`$ = 1.62 GeV. For the heavy quark, we performed two sets of calculations with $`1/m_Q`$ and $`1/m_Q^2`$ NRQCD actions as in Ref., in order to estimate the higher order effects in the $`1/m_Q`$ expansion.

## 3 Results

In Figure 1 we plot the $`1/M_P`$ dependence of $`B_i^{\mathrm{lat}}`$’s, with $`M_P`$ the pseudoscalar heavy-light meson mass. Since $`B_L^{\mathrm{lat}}`$ should agree with $`B_R^{\mathrm{lat}}`$ with infinite statistics, we take an average of $`B_L^{\mathrm{lat}}`$ and $`B_R^{\mathrm{lat}}`$ in our simulation. $`B_N`$ and $`B_S`$ have significant slopes in $`1/M_P`$, while $`B_{L,R}`$ are almost flat. The curvature in $`1/M_P`$, on the other hand, is small in any case, and the difference between the two different NRQCD actions is negligible. An extrapolation to the static limit does not seem to agree with the result of  (at $`\beta `$=6.0) for $`B_N`$ and for $`B_S`$, although it is not quite clear whether this is an inconsistency, with our large statistical errors.

This $`1/M_P`$ dependence can be roughly understood by the factorization hypothesis (or vacuum saturation) as follows. If the factorization is exact on the lattice, $`B_{L,R}^{(\mathrm{fac})}`$ becomes unity by definition (solid line in Figure 1). For $`B_{N,S}^{(\mathrm{fac})}`$, after a little algebra, we obtain

$`B_N^{(\mathrm{fac})}`$ $`=`$ $`14{\displaystyle \frac{\delta f_P^{(1)}}{f_P}}`$ (2)   
$`B_S^{(\mathrm{fac})}`$ $`=`$ $`{\displaystyle \frac{5}{8}}\left[18{\displaystyle \frac{\delta f_P^{(1)}}{f_P}}\right],`$ (3)   
where $`\delta f_P^{(1)}`$ is the $`O(1/m_Q)`$ correction to the decay constant $`f_P`$. $`\delta f_B^{(1)}`$ is known to be rather large, and as an estimate we use our previous calculation with NRQCD . Substituting the value of $`\delta f_B^{(1)}/f_B`$ to Eq.(2) and (3), we obtain open squares in Fig.1 for $`B_{N,S}^{(\mathrm{fac})}`$. The agreement between the full calculation and the factorization is remarkable. Not only their value itself, but also the slope in $`1/m_Q`$ seem to be well described with the factorization hypothesis.

The $`1/M_P`$ dependence of $`B_B(m_b)`$ is shown in Figure 2, which shows a little negative slope. This is because of a large cancellation of $`1/M_P`$ dependence between those in $`B_N`$ and $`B_S`$. In the leading log approximation, with $`\mathrm{\Lambda }_{QCD}^{(5)}`$=0.2 GeV, we obtain the scale invariant $`B_B`$ parameter

$`\widehat{B}_{B_d}=(\alpha _s(m_b))^{6/23}B_B(m_b)=1.17(9)(4)(3).`$   
The errors are statistical, higher order in perturbation theory, and the higher order in $`1/m_Q`$ expansion, respectively. For other quantities, we obtain $`B_{B_s}/B_{B_d}=1.00(2)`$ and $`f_{B_s}/f_{B_d}=1.16(3)`$. Some additional systematic uncertainties, such as $`O(a^2)`$, $`O(\alpha _s/m)`$, $`O(a\alpha _s)`$ and quenching errors still remain to be estimated.

## 4 Summary

To summarize, we find a large $`1/m_Q`$ effects in the matrix elements $`B_N^{lat}`$ and $`B_S^{lat}`$, although the $`O(1/m_Q^2)`$ correction seems reasonably small. Their large mass dependence can be roughly understood by the factorization hypothesis (or vacuum saturation). In the present analysis, we combine lattice simulation for finite heavy quark mass with matching coefficients in the static limit, which is still unsatisfactory. For the complete understanding of $`1/m_Q`$ dependence, matching coefficients with finite heavy quark mass are absolutely necessary.

## 5 Acknowledgment

Numerical calculations have been done on Paragon XP/S at Institute for Numerical Simulations and Applied Mathematics in Hiroshima University. We are grateful to S. Hioki for allowing us to use his program to generate gauge configurations.