# Perturbative Matching of Heavy-Light Currents with NRQCD Heavy Quarks

## 1 Introduction

Lattice studies of hadronic matrix elements require matching between operators in full continuum QCD and those in the lattice theory being simulated. In the present article we will focus on an effective lattice theory which combines nonrelativistic (NRQCD) heavy quarks and clover light quarks. We wish to match the theories correct through $`O(\frac{p}{M},\alpha \frac{p}{M},\alpha ap)`$.

For heavy meson (e.g. $`B`$ and $`B^{}`$) leptonic and semileptonic decays, the relevant operators are heavy-light vector and axial vector currents, denoted in the continuum theory as $`V_\mu \overline{q}\gamma _\mu h`$ and $`A_\mu \overline{q}\gamma _5\gamma _\mu h`$. The first question that arises concerns the number and type of operators required in the effective theory.

For  $`A_0`$ and $`V_0`$ one finds 3 operators in the effective theory through $`O(\frac{p}{M})`$

$`J_t^{(0)}=\overline{q}(x)\mathrm{\Gamma }_tQ(x),`$ ($`\mathrm{\Gamma }_t=\gamma _5\gamma _0`$ or $`\gamma _0`$)

$`J_t^{(1)}=\frac{1}{2M}\overline{q}(x)\mathrm{\Gamma }_t𝜸\mathbf{}\mathbf{}Q(x),`$

$`J_t^{(2)}=\frac{1}{2M}\overline{q}(x)𝜸\mathbf{}\stackrel{\mathbf{}}{\mathbf{}}\gamma _0\mathrm{\Gamma }_tQ(x)`$,

plus a dimension 4 discretization correction at $`O(\alpha ap)`$ :

$`J_t^{disc}=a\overline{q}(x)𝜸\mathbf{}\stackrel{\mathbf{}}{\mathbf{}}\gamma _0\mathrm{\Gamma }_tQ(x)`$ $`=`$ $`2aMJ_t^{(2)}`$

$`J_t^{(0)}J_t^{(0),imp}=J_t^{(0)}+(\alpha \zeta _{disc}^{A_0/V_0})J_t^{disc}`$

(the spinors $`h`$ and $`Q`$ are related via a Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation).

For  $`A_k`$ and $`V_k`$ one has 5 operators in the effective theory through $`O(\frac{p}{M})`$

$`J_k^{(0)}=\overline{q}(x)\mathrm{\Gamma }_kQ(x),`$ ($`\mathrm{\Gamma }_k=\gamma _5\gamma _k`$ or $`\gamma _k`$)

$`J_k^{(1)}=\frac{1}{2M}\overline{q}(x)\mathrm{\Gamma }_k𝜸\mathbf{}\mathbf{}Q(x),`$

$`J_k^{(2)}=\frac{1}{2M}\overline{q}(x)𝜸\mathbf{}\stackrel{\mathbf{}}{\mathbf{}}\gamma _0\mathrm{\Gamma }_kQ(x),`$

$`J_k^{(3)}=\frac{1}{2M}\overline{q}(x)\mathrm{\Gamma }_s_kQ(x),`$ ($`\mathrm{\Gamma }_s=\gamma _5`$ or $`\widehat{I}`$)

$`J_k^{(4)}=\frac{1}{2M}\overline{q}(x)\stackrel{}{}_k\mathrm{\Gamma }_sQ(x)`$.

Again there is an $`O(\alpha ap)`$ discretization correction to $`J_k^{(0)}`$. $`J_k^{disc}=2aMJ_k^{(2)}`$ and

$`J_k^{(0)}J_k^{(0),imp}=J_k^{(0)}+(\alpha \zeta _{disc}^{A_k/V_k})J_k^{disc}`$

The desired relation between QCD hadronic matrix elements and nonperturbatively determined lattice current matrix elements is hence,

$`A_0_{QCD}`$ $`=`$ $`{\displaystyle \underset{j=0}{\overset{2}{}}}C_j^{A_0}J_{A_0}^{(j)}_{LAT},`$   
$`V_k_{QCD}`$ $`=`$ $`{\displaystyle \underset{j=0}{\overset{4}{}}}C_j^{V_k}J_{V_k}^{(j)}_{LAT},`$   
and similarly for $`V_0`$ and $`A_k`$.

The matching coefficients, $`C_j`$, have the following perturbative expansion,

$`C_j=1+\alpha \rho _j+O(\alpha ^2)j=0,1`$

$`C_j=\alpha \rho _j+O(\alpha ^2)j>1`$

The goal is to calculate the $`\rho _j`$’s.

## 2  Some Calculational Details

In the continuum theory we employ on-shell renormalization with naive dimensional regularization and the $`\overline{MS}`$ scheme. A gluon mass is introduced to handle IR divergences that eventually cancel between continuum and the lattice. The light quark mass is set equal to zero. On the lattice we worked mainly with an NRQCD action correct through $`O(p/M)`$. Results with higher order relativistic corrections also exist. The lattice light quarks are massless clover fermions. The light and heavy quark actions and the lattice current operators are all tadpole improved.

## 3  Results for One-Loop Coefficients

In figures 1. and 2. we plot the one-loop coefficients $`\rho _0`$ and $`\rho _j/(2aM)`$, $`j>0`$, for all four current types, $`V_k`$, $`A_k`$, $`A_0`$, and $`V_0`$ versus the inverse dimensionless bare heavy quark mass . The “bursts” show $`\rho _0`$ with $`log(aM)`$ fixed to $`log(2)`$, where the choice of $`aM=2`$ is somewhat arbitary, corresponding to the value of the bare dimensionless heavy quark mass appropriate for the physical $`b`$-quark on $`a^12`$GeV lattices. With the logarithmic dependence taken out one can compare with $`\rho _0`$ for the static theory, as indicated for $`V_k`$ and $`A_0`$. One also sees that $`\rho _2/(2aM)`$ (the “diamonds”) goes to a non-vanishing value as $`aM\mathrm{}`$. This is due to the mixing with the discretization correction, $`J_\mu ^{disc}`$.

## 4  Applications

Matching coefficients presented here have already been applied to several studies of $`B`$ and $`B^{}`$ meson decay constants . In Fig.3 we show results for the vector meson decay constant $`a^{3/2}f_V\sqrt{M_V}`$ on dynamical HEMCGC configurations. The squares represent tree-level and the crosses and diamonds one-loop results using $`\alpha _V(q^{})`$ with $`q^{}=\pi /a`$ and $`q^{}=1/a`$ respectively. The physical $`B^{}`$ meson corresponds to $`1/aM_00.5`$. The one-loop correction is a $`1321`$% effect depending on $`q^{}`$. This is a slightly larger decrease than is found for the pseudoscalar decay constant based on $`A_0`$.

Acknowledgements : This work was supported by DOE Grants DE-FG03-90ER40546 and DE-FG02-91ER40690 and by a NATO grant CRG 941259.