# Δ⁢𝑆=2 and Δ⁢𝐼=3/2 Matrix Elements in Quenched QCD CPT-98/PE.3690; CERN-TH/98-307. Support from EPSRC and PPARC under grants GR/K41663 and GR/L29927, and from the EEC through TMR network EEC-CT98-00169 is acknowledged.

## 1 Introduction

We report on two, high-statistics, quenched lattice calculations of $`B_K`$, $`B_7^{3/2}`$ and $`B_8^{3/2}`$. $`B_K`$ parametrizes the $`K^0\overline{K}^0`$-oscillation contribution to CP-violation in $`K`$ decays ($`ϵ`$), leading to a hyperbolic constraint on the summit of the unitarity triangle. $`B_{7,8}^{3/2}`$ are needed to compute the electro-penguin contribution to direct CP-violation ($`ϵ^{}`$), dominant in the $`\mathrm{\Delta }I=3/2`$ channel. $`B_K`$ and $`B_{7,8}^{3/2}`$ measure deviation from the vacuum saturation values of the following four-quark, matrix elements:

$$\overline{K}^0|O_{\mathrm{\Delta }S=2}|K^0=\frac{8}{3}|0|\overline{s}\gamma _\mu \gamma ^5d|K^0|^2B_K,$$

with $`O_{\mathrm{\Delta }S=2}=(\overline{s}\gamma _\mu ^Ld)(\overline{s}\gamma _L^\mu d)`$, where $`\gamma _{R,L}^\mu =1\pm \gamma _5`$, and in the chiral limit,

$$\pi ^+|O_7^{3/2}|K^+\frac{2}{3}\pi ^+|\overline{u}\gamma ^5d|00|\overline{s}\gamma ^5u|K^+B_7^{3/2}$$

$$\pi ^+|O_8^{3/2}|K^+2\pi ^+|\overline{u}\gamma ^5d|00|\overline{s}\gamma ^5u|K^+B_8^{3/2},$$

where $`O_7^{3/2}`$ can be written as $`(\overline{s}\gamma _\mu ^Ld)(\overline{u}\gamma _R^\mu u)+(\overline{s}\gamma _\mu ^Lu)(\overline{u}\gamma _R^\mu d)`$ if one forbids penguin contractions and where $`O_8^{3/2}`$ is the corresponding color-mixed operator.

## 2 Simulation Details

We describe quarks with the mean-field-improved, Sheikholeslami-Wohlert (SW) action

$$S_F^{SW}=S_F^Wigc_{SW}\frac{\kappa }{2}\underset{x,\mu ,\nu }{}\overline{q}(x)P_{\mu \nu }\sigma _{\mu \nu }q(x),$$

with $`c_{SW}=1/u_0^3`$ and $`u_0\frac{1}{3}\mathrm{Tr}U_{pl}^{\frac{1}{4}}`$ and where $`S_F^W`$ is the Wilson fermion action, $`g`$, the bare gauge coupling, $`P_{\mu \nu }`$, a lattice definition of the field-strength tensor and $`\kappa `$, the appropriate quark hopping parameter. The parameters of the simulation are summarized in Table 1. We further perform full tadpole-improved, KLM rotation of quark fields. Though these normalization factors cancel in the calculation of $`B`$-parameters, they specify our renomalization constants.

## 3 Operator Matching

While the matching of quark bilinears is simple, the use of Wilson fermions induces mixing amongst four-quark operators of different chirality. To describe this mixing, we use the following complete basis of parity-conserving operators:

$$\begin{array}{ccc}O_{1,2}^{lat}& =& \gamma _\mu \times \gamma _\mu \pm \gamma _\mu \gamma _5\times \gamma _\mu \gamma _5,\\ O_{3,4}^{lat}& =& I\times I\pm \gamma _5\times \gamma _5,\\ O_5^{lat}& =& \sigma _{\mu \nu }\times \sigma _{\mu \nu },\end{array}$$

with $`\mathrm{\Gamma }\times \mathrm{\Gamma }(\overline{q}^{}\mathrm{\Gamma }q)(\overline{q}^{}\mathrm{\Gamma }q)^{lat}(a)`$. Then, the matching can be written, with identifications that will be clarified by what follows,

$$O_{\mathrm{\Delta }F=2}(\mu )\widehat{Z}_{11}\widehat{O}_1^{lat}(a)$$

and

$$\left(\begin{array}{c}O_7^{3/2}(\mu )\\ O_8^{3/2}(\mu )/2\end{array}\right)\left(\begin{array}{cc}\widehat{Z}_{22}& \widehat{Z}_{24}\\ \widehat{Z}_{42}& \widehat{Z}_{44}\end{array}\right)\left(\begin{array}{c}\widehat{O}_2^{lat}(a)\\ \widehat{O}_4^{lat}(a)\end{array}\right)$$

in terms of the chirally subtracted operators $`\widehat{O}_1^{lat}(a)O_1^{lat}(a)+_{i=2}^5Z_{1i}O_i^{lat}(a)`$ and $`\widehat{O}_i^{lat}(a)O_i^{lat}(a)+_{j=1,3,5}Z_{ij}O_i^{lat}(a)`$, i=2,4.

We perform matching to the $`\overline{\mathrm{MS}}`$-NDR scheme at one loop. Since the clover term is $`𝒪(g)`$, we can use the tree-level-clover-action results of  with modifications appropriate for tadpole-improvement and KLM normalization. For the coupling, we choose $`\alpha _s^{\overline{\mathrm{MS}}}(\mu )`$ defined from the plaquette , identifying the scale $`\mu `$ with that of the matching. To estimate the systematic error associated with our procedure, we vary $`\mu `$ in the range $`1/a\pi /a`$.

## 4 Analysis and Results

To obtain the desired $`B`$-parameters, we consider ratios of 3-point to two 2-point functions. In the limit that the three points are well separated in time, these ratios reduce to:

$`R_{\mathrm{\Delta }F=2}`$ $``$ $`{\displaystyle \frac{1}{Z_{\gamma _\mu \gamma _5}^2}}{\displaystyle \frac{\overline{P}(\stackrel{}{q})|O_1^{(NDR)}|P(\stackrel{}{p})}{|0|P^{lat}|P|^2}}`$   
$`R_7^{3/2}`$ $``$ $`{\displaystyle \frac{3}{4}}{\displaystyle \frac{\overline{P}(\stackrel{}{q})|O_2^{(NDR)}|P(\stackrel{}{p})}{Z_{\gamma _5}^2|0|P^{lat}|P|^2}}`$   
$`R_8^{3/2}`$ $``$ $`{\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}}{\displaystyle \frac{\overline{P}(\stackrel{}{q})|O_4^{(NDR)}|P(\stackrel{}{p})}{Z_{\gamma _5}^2|0|P^{lat}|P|^2}},`$   
where $`P`$ is a $`q\overline{q}^{}`$ pseudoscalar meson. We calculate the ratios for the momenta $`\stackrel{}{p}\stackrel{}{q}=00`$, $`01`$, $`11_{}`$ and $`11_{}`$ and for all hopping parameter pairs taken from Table 1.

To study their chiral behavior, we follow  and define the mass and recoil variables

$`X`$ $`=`$ $`{\displaystyle \frac{8}{3}}{\displaystyle \frac{(f_P^{lat})^2M_P^2}{|0|P^{lat}|P|^2}}`$   
$`Y`$ $`=`$ $`{\displaystyle \frac{pq}{M_P^2}}X.`$   
We then fit the ratios to

$$R(X,Y)=a_{00}+a_{10}X+a_{01}Y+\mathrm{},$$
(1)   
where we neglect both chiral logarithms, which are difficult to resolve numerically, and $`SU(3)_f`$ breaking terms, which appear to be small for the quark masses we consider.

We find that $`R_{\mathrm{\Delta }F=2}`$ is well described by a linear form in $`X`$ and $`Y`$ as shown in Fig. 1 for $`\mu =1/a`$.

At $`\beta =6.2`$ we further find that $`a_{00}`$ and $`a_{10}`$ are very small and consistent with zero, as chiral symmetry requires, and remain so as $`\mu `$ is increased up to $`\pi /a`$. $`a_{01}`$ should thus give a reliable estimate of $`B_K`$. At $`\beta =6.0`$, $`a_{00}`$ and $`a_{10}`$ are less than 3 and $`2\sigma `$ away from zero and smaller than the values obtained in  with a tree-level SW action and boosted, one-loop matching. Taken in conjunction with these and other Wilson results obtained from less improved actions, our preliminary findings suggest that discretization errors represent an important part of the traditionally observed residual chiral violations (please see  and  for further discussion).

In the chiral limit, $`B_{7,8}^{3/2}`$ correspond to the leading term, $`a_{00}`$, in the expansion of Eq. (1) and the study of the $`Y`$-dependence of $`R_{7,8}^{3/2}`$ is less important. Therefore, we consider only the $`\stackrel{}{p}=\stackrel{}{q}=\stackrel{}{0}`$ ratios so as not to introduce potential momentum-dependent discretization errors. We find that the description of the chiral behavior of $`R_{7,8}^{3/2}`$ requires a quadratic term in $`X`$.

To compare results for $`B_K`$ and $`B_{7,8}^{3/2}`$ obtained at different $`\mu `$ and/or $`\beta `$, we must run them to a common reference scale which we take to be $`2\text{GeV}`$. Running is performed at two loops with $`n_f=0`$. (See Table 2.)

We find that $`B_K`$ is almost independent of $`\mu `$ in the range explored. $`a`$-dependence is also found to be small though it cannot be excluded given the statistical errors and the small deviations of $`a_{00}`$ and $`a_{10}`$ from zero at 6.0. Two values of the lattice spacing are not sufficient for a proper continuum-limit extrapolation and we quote as our preliminary result for $`B_K`$ the $`\mu =1/a`$ number at $`\beta =6.2`$, with the comment that residual discretization errors may be small.

The $`\mu `$-dependence of $`B_8^{3/2}`$ and especially $`B_7^{3/2}`$ is significantly stronger than that of $`B_K`$. This is a result of the rather large matching constants and anomalous dimensions. We favor the results obtained at the larger values of $`\mu `$ because the matching times running is much better behaved than at $`\mu =1/a`$. Though $`a`$-dependence is not, on the whole, significant statistically at fixed $`a\mu `$ or $`\mu `$, discretization errors are difficult to quantify because of the large $`\mu `$-dependence. Once again we cannot extrapolate to the continuum limit, so we quote as our preliminary results for $`B_{7,8}^{3/2}`$ the $`\mu =2/a`$ numbers at $`\beta =6.2`$ to which we add systematic errors to account for the observed $`\mu `$-dependence.

Our results are summarized in Table 3. Further discussion of systematic uncertainties must be postponed for lack of space. For further comparisons with other recent results, please see.