abstract: The 1983 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season was the 35th F.I.M. Road racing World Championship season.

text:
# 1983 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season

The **1983 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season** was the 35th F.I.M. Road racing World Championship season.

## Season summary

The 1983 battle for 500 cc supremacy between Honda's Freddie Spencer and Yamaha's Kenny Roberts would be one of the most dramatic seasons since the 1967 duel between Giacomo Agostini and Mike Hailwood. As was the case in 1967, the battle for the 500 cc crown would pit a former world champion riding a powerful but, ill-handling four cylinder motorcycle against a young upstart riding a less powerful but better handling three cylinder motorcycle. Also as in 1967, the title chase wouldn't be decided until the final race of the season.

1983 would be the last year for the 50cc class as it would be upgraded to 80cc for the 1984 season. Stefan Dörflinger would take the honor of being the last 50cc World Champion. Angel Nieto won the 125 cc crown in dominating fashion, making it his 12th world championship. Carlos Lavado would capture his first 250 cc world championship in a season that saw eight riders share wins over eleven races, Lavado being the only competitor to win more than once. Eighteen-year-old British rider, Alan Carter, created excitement by winning the 250cc French Grand Prix in only his second world championship race, becoming the youngest winner of a 250cc Grand Prix race. Despite the auspicious start to his career, it would be Carter's only Grand Prix victory.

The departure of Kawasaki from the 500cc class left the remaining three Japanese factories to contend for the premier division. Suzuki returned with defending champion, Franco Uncini, Loris Reggiani and Randy Mamola aboard a new version of the RG500 which featured a square tube, welded aluminium frame. The Honda team of Freddie Spencer, Marco Lucchinelli and Takazumi Katayama was made even stronger with the addition of British rider, Ron Haslam, all competing on the three-cylinder NS500. Honda also introduced a production version of the NS500 called the RS500 for privateer racers. These were very similar to the NS500 machines used by the factory racing team but, lacked the special exhaust system. Yamaha team manager Giacomo Agostini had been unable to agree on a contract with rider Graeme Crosby, so AMA Superbike champion Eddie Lawson was brought in as Kenny Roberts' new teammate, both competing with the OW70 YZR500 with a V4 engine. Before the season began, Roberts announced that the 1983 season would be his final year in Grand Prix competition. Cagiva continued to campaign bikes ridden by Jon Ekerold and Virginio Ferrari.

Uncini's title defense was hampered as Suzuki experienced development problems with their chassis which left the team struggling to post good results. Suzuki's pursuit of a lightweight and compact machine had led to a myriad of handling problems associated with the flexing of the thin aluminum frame tubing. Roberts began the season with his YZR500 having problems with overheating and rear suspension, while Spencer started strongly, winning the first three races and five out of the first seven. Roberts was leading the second race in France, when his Yamaha split an expansion chamber causing it to lose power as Spencer won, with Roberts falling to fourth place. The French Grand Prix was marred by the deaths of Japanese rider Iwao Ishikawa during practice after colliding with Reggiani, while Swiss rider, Michel Frutschi, died from injuries sustained during the 500cc race. In Round 3 at Monza, Roberts crashed while leading Spencer three laps from the finish. Roberts came back to win the German Grand Prix, but then finished second to Spencer in Spain in a race Spencer called one of the toughest of his career.

Things began to go Roberts' way at the Austrian Grand Prix as Roberts won while Spencer's Honda suffered a crankshaft failure. In the Yugoslavian Grand Prix, Roberts' Yamaha failed to start immediately, while Spencer charged to an early lead, leaving Roberts to fight through the field to finish in fourth place. Roberts then went on a three-race winning streak with victories in the Netherlands, Belgium and England, while Spencer stayed close with a third place and two second-place finishes. Uncini was injured in an accident at the Dutch TT when he crashed while exiting a curve, then was struck in the helmet by Wayne Gardner's motorcycle as he tried to run off the track. The injury left Uncini in a coma, from which he recovered, but which forced him to sit out the remainder of the season.

The British Grand Prix gave Kenny Roberts a third victory in a row, after a race split in two stages following the deaths of Swiss rider Peter Huber and Northern Irish rider Norman Brown during lap 6 of the first stage. The race was subsequently stopped following some confusion over whether the race had been suspended or not. The event was then decided by aggregate times over the two stages, with Roberts leading both stages of the race, taking victory with Freddie Spencer in second.

The championship then moved to the penultimate round at the Swedish Grand Prix with Spencer holding a two-point lead over Roberts. Roberts led Spencer going into the last lap of the race. Heading down the back straight, Spencer placed his Honda right behind Roberts' Yamaha as they reached the penultimate corner, a ninety degree right-hander. As both riders applied their brakes, Spencer came out of Roberts' slipstream and managed to get inside of the Yamaha. As they exited the corner, both riders ran wide off the track and into the dirt. Spencer was able to get back on the track and back on the power first, crossing the finish line just ahead of Roberts for a crucial victory. Roberts considered Spencer's pass to be foolish and dangerous, and exchanged angry words with him on the podium.

Roberts would have to win the final round at the San Marino Grand Prix with Spencer finishing no better than third place in order for Roberts to win his fourth world championship. In a fitting end to a successful career, Roberts won his last-ever Grand Prix race, however Spencer was able to secure second place to claim the world championship. The two riders dominated the season with each claiming six victories and six pole positions in the 12 race series.

## 1983 Grand Prix season calendar

The following Grands Prix were scheduled to take place in 1983:

| Round | Date | Grand Prix | Circuit |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 19 March †† | Nashua Motorcycle Grand Prix | Kyalami |
| 2 | 3 April | Grand Prix de France | Bugatti Circuit |
| 3 | 24 April | Gran Premio delle Nazioni | Autodromo Nazionale Monza |
| 4 | 8 May | Großer Preis von Deutschland | Hockenheimring |
| 5 | 22 May | Marlboro Gran Premio de España de Motociclismo | Circuito Permanente Del Jarama |
| 6 | 29 May | Großer Preis von Österreich | Salzburgring |
| 7 | 12 June | Yu Grand Prix | Automotodrom Rijeka |
| 8 | 25 June †† | Dutch TT Assen | TT Circuit Assen |
| 9 | 3 July | Johnson GP of Belgium | Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps |
| 10 | 31 July | Marlboro British Grand Prix | Silverstone Circuit |
| 11 | 6 August | Swedish TT | Scandinavian Raceway |
| 12 | 4 September | Grand Prix S. Marino | Autodromo Dino Ferrari |

†† = Saturday race

### Calendar changes

## Calendar and Results

### 1983 Grand Prix season results

| Round | Date | Race | Location | 50cc winner | 125cc winner | 250cc winner | 500cc winner | Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 19 March | South African Grand Prix | Kyalami |  |  | Jean-François Baldé | Freddie Spencer | Report |
| 2 | 3 April | French Grand Prix | Le Mans | Stefan Dörflinger | Ricardo Tormo | Alan Carter | Freddie Spencer | Report |
| 3 | 24 April | Nations Grand Prix | Monza | Eugenio Lazzarini | Ángel Nieto | Carlos Lavado | Freddie Spencer | Report |
| 4 | 8 May | German Grand Prix | Hockenheim | Stefan Dörflinger | Ángel Nieto | Carlos Lavado | Kenny Roberts | Report |
| 5 | 22 May | Spanish Grand Prix | Jarama | Eugenio Lazzarini | Ángel Nieto | Hervé Guilleux | Freddie Spencer | Report |
| 6 | 29 May | Austrian Grand Prix | Salzburgring |  | Ángel Nieto | Manfred Herweh | Kenny Roberts | Report |
| 7 | 12 June | Yugoslavian Grand Prix | Rijeka | Stefan Dörflinger | Bruno Kneubühler | Carlos Lavado | Freddie Spencer | Report |
| 8 | 25 June | Dutch TT | Assen | Eugenio Lazzarini | Ángel Nieto | Carlos Lavado | Kenny Roberts | Report |
| 9 | 3 July | Belgian Grand Prix | Spa-Francorchamps |  | Eugenio Lazzarini | Didier de Radiguès | Kenny Roberts | Report |
| 10 | 31 July | British Grand Prix | Silverstone |  | Ángel Nieto | Jacques Bolle | Kenny Roberts | Report |
| 11 | 6 August | Swedish Grand Prix | Anderstorp |  | Bruno Kneubühler | Christian Sarron | Freddie Spencer | Report |
| 12 | 4 September | San Marino Grand Prix | Imola | Ricardo Tormo | Maurizio Vitali |  | Kenny Roberts | Report |

## Participants and Standings

### 500cc participants

| Team Constructor Motorcycle No. Rider Rounds  Team HB Suzuki Suzuki  ??? 1  Franco Uncini 1–8  12  Boet van Dulmen All  12  Loris Reggiani 1, 10–11  Honda Racing Company Honda Honda NS500 3  Freddie Spencer All  5  Marco Lucchinelli All  8  Takazumi Katayama 1–11  9
47
43
35  Ron Haslam 1–7, 9–12  Yamaha Marlboro Yamaha Yamaha YZR500 (OW70) 4  Kenny Roberts All  ??? 22  Carlos Lavado  ???  Yamaha OW70 27  Eddie Lawson All  Team HB Suzuki Suzuki Suzuki XR45 6  Randy Mamola All  ??? 16  Anton Mang 6, 10–12  Heron Team Suzuki Suzuki XR40 7  Barry Sheene 1–4, 6–8, 10–12  ??? 25  Rob McElnea 10  Suzuki RG 500 gamma 47
55
29  Keith Huewen 2–12  Team Sonauto Gauloises Yamaha  ??? 10  Marc Fontan All  Cagiva Motor Italia Cagiva  ??? 11  Virginio Ferrari 1–4, 6, 10, 12  20  Jon Ekerold 1–2, 8, 12  Shell Nederland Suzuki  ??? 12  Boet van Dulmen All  Honda Switzerland Honda Honda RS500 14  Michel Frutschi 1–2\*  Marlboro-Tissot Suzuki  ??? 15  Sergio Pellandini 1–10  Krauter-Vertrieb Racing 17  Gustav Reiner 1–5, 7  Team Johnson Elf Honda Honda RS500 18  Didier de Radiguès 2, 5, 9–12  ??? Suzuki  ??? 19  Wolfgang von Muralt 2–12  20  Jon Ekerold  ???  Honda Honda RS500 23  Fabio Biliotti 1, 4–8, 12  HIRT Giapauto  ??? 28  Gianni Pelletier 3–7  Stichting Ned. 30
22  Jack Middelburg 2–10, 12  ??? Honda RS500/Honda NS500 35  Raymond Roche 1–8, 11–12  Suzuki  ??? 38
39  Leandro Becheroni 1–4, 6, 10–12  Honda Honda RS500 39  Guido Paci 1-2\**  Marlboro Suzuki  ??? 41
33  Philippe Coulon 2–12  Mitsui Yamaha Yamaha 43
26  Steve Parrish 1–6, 8–12  Honda Britain Racing Honda 47  Roger Marshall 8  Honda NS500 51  Wayne Gardner 8, 10  ??? Suzuki  ??? 49
46
13  Chris Guy All  Jeb's Helmet Sweden 50
41  Peter Sjöstrom 2–4, 6, 8–12  ??? 51  Ernst Gschwender 2–4, 6–9, 12  Honda Italia Honda Honda RS500 59
52  Maurizio Massimiani 1–2, 6–7, 10, 12  ??? Suzuki  ???  ???  Franz Kaserer  ???  ???  Børge Nielsen  ???  Source: | Key  Regular Rider  Wildcard Rider  Replacement Rider |
| --- | --- |

Notes  * * Frutschi was killed at the second round of the season, the French GP.
* \** Paci was killed during a motorcycle endurance race in Imola.

### 250cc participants

| Team Constructor Motorcycle No. Rider Rounds  Team Sonauto Gauloises Yamaha  ??? 1  Jean-Louis Tournadre 1–7, 10–11  10  Christian Sarron All\*  26  Thierry Rapicault All  Höstettler 2  Jacques Cornu 1–4, 6, 8–9, 11  Elf Moto Racing Team Armstrong-Rotax 3  Roland Freymond All  Team Mitsui Yamaha Yamaha 4  Martin Wimmer All  21  Donny Robinson 2–6  32
28  Alan Carter 1–6, 8–11  62  Paul Tinker  ???  Venemotos Racing Team 5  Carlos Lavado All  23  Iván Palazzese All  Team Johnson Elf Chevallier 6  Didier de Radiguès All  Lumaca MBA/Yamaha  ???/??? 7  Paolo Ferretti 1–2, 4, 7–9  Team Green Yamaha  ??? 8  Jean-Louis Guignabodet All  Team Emco Bartol 9  Jeff Sayle  ???  Pernod Pernod 11  Christian Estrosi 1–3, 5–6, 8–11  32  Jacques Bolle 1–2, 5–7  TopCard Krauser Chevallier 12  Jean-François Baldé 1–8  ???  Bernad Fau 1–2, 4–11  ??? Bartol/Yamaha  ???/??? 14  Patrick Fernandez All  Cobas Motorcycles Cobas  ??? 15  Sito Pons 1–6  ??? Yamaha 16  Ángel Nieto 5–7  Massa Real Racing Team Real-Rotax 19  Manfred Herweh 1, 3–9  ??? Armstrong-Rotax 20  Tony Head 1–4, 6–11  Römer Racing Team Yamaha 25  Reinhold Roth All  ??? 34
30  Bruno Lüscher 4  Team Forever 34  Massimo Matteoni 3–5, 7–9  Team Go-West 35  Jacques Bolle 10–11  ??? 36
58  Jean-Michel Mattioli 2, 4–5, 7–11  41
33  Bernard Fau 1–2, 4–11  MBA 42  Guy Bertin 2, 4–9, 11  Kawasaki Kawasaki 44
47
2
31  Hervé Guilleux 1, 3–11  ??? Yamaha 46  Teruo Fukuda 7–11  RK Morena-Rotax 48
37  Jean-Marc Toffolo 2, 7, 9  Dalmac Racing Yamaha 49
39  Donnie Mcleod 4–6, 8–11  ??? 54
50  Edwin Weibel 3–4  56
35  Harald Eckl 2–4, 6–11  Chevallier Elf Chevallier 57
21  Thierry Espié All  J.J. Moto Club Cobas-Rotax 59
36  Carlos Cardús 1–2, 4–5, 8–11  Source: | Key  Regular Rider  Wildcard Rider  Replacement Rider |
| --- | --- |

Notes  * * The 250cc did not participate in round 12 of the championship, the San Marino GP.

### 500cc riders' standings

Scoring system

Points are awarded to the top ten finishers. A rider has to finish the race to earn points.

| Position | **1st** | **2nd** | **3rd** | **4th** | **5th** | **6th** | **7th** | **8th** | **9th** | **10th** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Points | 15 | 12 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |

| Place Rider Team Machine RSA
 FRA
 NAT
 GER
 ESP
 AUT
 YUG
 NED
 BEL
 GBR
 SWE
 RSM
 Points  1  Freddie Spencer HRC-Honda NS500 1 1 1 4 1 Ret 1 3 2 2 1 2 144  2  Kenny Roberts Marlboro Agostini-Yamaha YZR500 2 4 Ret 1 2 1 4 1 1 1 2 1 142  3  Randy Mamola HB Sinclair-Suzuki RG500 5 Ret 2 7 4 3 2 4 3 3 7 5 89  4  Eddie Lawson Marlboro Agostini-Yamaha YZR500 8 Ret 3 9 6 2 3 5 5 4 5 3 78  5  Takazumi Katayama HRC-Honda NS500 Ret DNS 5 2 3 4 5 2 4 6 3 DNS 77  6  Marc Fontan Sonauto Gauloises-Yamaha YZR500 4 6 7 8 7 6 6 7 6 5 4 6 64  7  Marco Lucchinelli HRC-Honda NS500 9 2 10 3 Ret 7 9 Ret 7 Ret 6 4 48  8  Ron Haslam HRC-Honda NS500 3 3 Ret Ret Ret Ret Ret  8 7 9 9 31  9  Franco Uncini HB Gallina-Suzuki RG500 6 Ret 4 6 5 5 Ret Ret     31  10  Raymond Roche Moto Club Paul Ricard NS500 7 Ret 6 5 Ret Ret Ret 9 DNS  8 7 22  11  Boet van Dulmen Shell Nederland-Suzuki RG500 Ret DNS Ret 10 11 10 7 8 9 8 12 8 17  12  Jack Middelburg Stichting Ned-Honda NS500  10 Ret 11 8 8 11 6 Ret Ret DNS Ret 12  13  Sergio Pellandini Marlboro Tissot-Suzuki RG500 12 9 8 Ret 9 9 10 Ret 10 Ret   11  14  Barry Sheene Heron-Suzuki RG500 10 7 9 Ret  13 13 Ret DNS 9 Ret Ret 9  15  Keith Huewen Heron-Suzuki RG500  5 Ret 17 10 12 Ret Ret 11 11 11 Ret 7  16  Gianni Pelletier HIRT Giapauto-Honda RS500   Ret 13 12 11 8      3  17  Guido Paci  RS500 Ret 8           3  18  Anton Mang HB Gallina-Suzuki RG500      Ret    12 10 10 2  19  Paul Lewis  RG500          10   1  20  Mark Salle Royal Cars Suzuki RG500        10 12 14   1  Wolfgang von Muralt  RG500 DNQ 11 17 21 Ret 23 15 Ret 15 Ret 17 12 0  Leandro Beccheroni  RG500 Ret Ret 22 12 Ret 21 Ret   Ret 18 11 0  Virginio Ferrari Cagiva GP500 15 Ret 11 Ret  26 Ret   Ret  Ret 0  Loris Reggiani HB Gallina-Suzuki RG500 11         Ret 15 DNS 0  Stu Avant  RG500  17  30    11 16    0  Walter Magliorati Moto Club Carate RG500 DNQ 16 12 14  25 12     17 0  Philippe Coulon Marlboro-Suzuki RG500 DNQ 12 Ret 23 17 16 14 18 Ret 24 19 13 0  Norman Brown Hector Neill Racing RG500        12 DNS Ret†   0  Chris Guy  RG500 Ret Ret 24 25 18 14 23 Ret Ret 13 14 14 0  Peter Sjostrom Jeb's Helmet Sweden RG500  13 14 15  17  Ret Ret 22 16 20 0  Maurizio Massimiani Honda-Italia RS500 13 14    15 Ret   23  Ret 0  Gustav Reiner Krauter-Vertrieb Racing RG500 Ret Ret 13 16 14 Ret 17      0  Steve Parrish Mitsui Yamaha YZR500 20 Ret 15 18 15 20  Ret DNQ Ret 13 16 0  Eero Hyvarinen  RG500  Ret     19 15 13    0  Didier de Radigues Team Johnson Elf RS500  Ret Ret DNQ 13 Ret   Ret Ret 20 Ret 0  Henk de Vries Henk de Vries Motoren RG500    24    13     0  Fabio Biliotti Moto Club Condor RS500 14   22 16 19 18 17 DNS DNQ  21 0  Franck Gross  RS500       16 Ret 14 18  19 0  Rob Punt M. Woestenburg RG500        14 18 20   0  Louis-Luc Maisto  RG500  15           0  Kevin Wrettom  RG500          15   0  Massimo Broccoli  RG500            15 0  Ernst Gschwender MO Motul Racing Team RG500  18 Ret 19  18 21 16 17   22 0  Marco Greco  RG500 16 Ret 18 31 Ret  Ret   DNQ   0  Wayne Gardner Honda Britain Racing NS500        Ret  16   0  Marco Papa  RG500   16          0  Jon Ekerold Cagiva GP500 17 19 DNQ     Ret  DNQ  24 0  Steve Henshaw Harold Coppock RG500          17   0  Corrado Tuzii Beton Bloc Racing RS500 18 DNQ 23 28 19     DNQ  Ret 0  Paolo Ferretti  YZR500  Ret 20 29  Ret      18 0  Peter Huber†  RG500  DNQ 26 33   22  19 Ret†   0  Gary Lingham Myers Motorcycles RG500 19         Ret   0  Lorenzo Ghiselli  RG500 DNQ  19          0  Rinus van Kasteren  RG500        19     0  Alan Irwin D. McManus RG500          19   0  Borge Nielsen  RG500 DNQ DNQ  Ret  28 Ret 20 20  29 23 0  Bent Slydal  RG500 DNQ     27 20  Ret DNQ Ret  0  Walter Hoffmann Deutsche Tecalemit RG500    20         0  Francisco Rico  RG500     20        0  Alfons Ammerschlager Skoal Bandit Heron Suzuki RG500 21   Ret 22 22       0  Franz Kaserer  RG500 DNQ  25 Ret  29 24 21 Ret   26 0  Andreas Hofmann  RG500 DNQ Ret 21 Ret Ret Ret    DNQ  27 0  Dennis Ireland  RG500    34    Ret 21 DNQ   0  Con Law  RG500         Ret 21   0  Carlos Morante  YZR500     21        0  Peter Skold  RG500           21  0  Johan van Eijk  RG500        22 22    0  Wolfgang Schwarz ES Motorradzubeh Racing Team RG500 22   27         0  Lars Johansson  RG500           22  0  Jose Parra  RG500     23        0  Jean-Philippe Delers  YZR500         23    0  Ake Grahn  YZR500           23  0  Josef Ragginger  RG500      24 25      0  Steve Williams DTR Fowler Yamaha YZR500    Ret      DNQ 24  0  Dimitrios Papandreou  YZR500       Ret     25 0  Esko Kuparinen  RG500           25  0  Dave Dean  RG500   Ret 26      Ret   0  Timo Pohjola  YZR500           26  0  Kjeld Sorensen  RG500           27  0  Alf Graarud  YZR500           28  0  Jan-Olof Odeholm  RG500           30  0  Alain Roethlisberger  YZR500  Ret Ret 32         0  Dieter Klopfer DIKO     35         0  Jean Lafond Claude Fior   Ret  Ret     DNS    0  Michel Frutschi Honda Switzerland RS500 Ret Ret†           0  Roger Marshall Honda Britain Racing RS500        Ret  Ret   0  Klaus Klein  RG500    Ret         0  Gerhard Treusch  RG500    Ret         0  Marco Grino  RG500     Ret        0  Bernard Denis  RG500         Ret    0  Rob McElnea Heron-Suzuki RG500          Ret   0  John Pace  RG500          Ret   0  Graham Wood DTR Fowler Yamaha YZR500          Ret   0  Chris Fisker  RG500           Ret  0  Peter Linden  RG500           Ret  0  Risto Korhonen  RG500           Ret  0  Peter Karlsson  YZR500           Ret  0  Attilio Riondato  RG500            Ret 0  Carlos Lavado Marlboro-Yamaha YZR500            DNS 0  Jean-François Baldé  NS500 DNQ            0  Cai Hedstrom    DNQ           0  Harry Heutmekers  RG500    DNQ         0  Simon Buckmaster  RG500          DNQ   0   † denotes the death of a rider
250cc standings   Place Rider Team Machine RSA
 FRA
 ITA
 GER
 ESP
 AUT
 YUG
 NED
 BEL
 GBR
 SWE
 Points  1  Carlos Lavado Venemotos-Yamaha YZR250 7 Ret 1 1 7 7 1 1 3 4 3 100  2  Christian Sarron Sonauto Gauloises-Yamaha YZR250 Ret Ret Ret 7 2 4 2 Ret 2 3 1 73  3  Didier de Radiguès Team Johnson Elf Chevallier YZR250 2 4 9 3 Ret 2 Ret 7 1 9 8 68  4  Hervé Guilleux Kawasaki KR250 3  6 12 1 6 Ret 3 5 Ret 2 63  5  Thierry Espié Chevallier-Elf Chevallier YZR250 11 9 2 Ret 5 3 15 6 4 2 13 55  6  Martin Wimmer Mitsui-Yamaha YZR250 8 Ret 4 Ret 3 5 Ret 5 6 5 10 45  7  Manfred Herweh Massa Real Racing Team Real-Rotax 6  3 Ret 21 1 3 Ret Ret   40  8  Jean-François Baldé TopCard Krauser Chevallier YZR250 1 15 10 8 6 12 4 Ret    32  9  Jacques Cornu Höstettler-Yamaha YZR250 5 2 5 Ret  9  9 7  18 32  10  Jacques Bolle Pernod-Yamaha YZR250 Ret 7 Ret Ret 18 Ret 6   1 9 26  11  Patrick Fernandez Bartol-Yamaha YZR250 4 6 Ret 2 Ret 11 10 Ret 11 Ret 14 26  12  Alan Carter Mitsui-Yamaha YZR250 Ret 1 Ret 13 Ret Ret DNS Ret DNQ 14 5 21  13  Ivan Palazzese Venemotos-Yamaha YZR250 10 14 8 Ret 10 18 Ret 2 8 16 15 20  14  Thierry Rapicault Sonauto Gauloises-Yamaha YZR250 9 3 7 21 Ret Ret 13 Ret 13 8 Ret 19  15  Jean-Louis Guignabodet Team Green YZR250 13 Ret Ret Ret Ret 13 7 4 9 21 7 18  16  Tony Head Armstrong-Rotax CF250 16 5 13 18 DNQ 17 19 14 Ret 22 4 14  17  Reinhold Roth Römer Racing Team YZR250  18 11 5 15 8 Ret   6 16 14  18  Sito Pons Kobas Kobas-Rotax 15 13 Ret 9 4 DNS    DNS  10  19  Bruno Luscher  YZR250  16 12 4 Ret 14 14 22 23 27 Ret 8  20  Guy Bertin  MBA  Ret  Ret 13 10 5 Ret Ret  Ret 7  21  Jean Michel Mattioli  YZR250  11  29 22  17 12 16 18 6 5  21  Roland Freymond Elf Moto Racing Team CF250 12 Ret Ret 6 12 Ret Ret Ret 21 Ret Ret 5  23  Jean Marc Toffolo RK Morena-Rotax  10 Ret Ret  Ret 8 Ret 10 Ret  5  24  Teruo Fukuda  YZR250       11 21 17 7 Ret 4  25  Christian Estrosi Pernod-Yamaha YZR250 17 17 Ret Ret Ret 16  8 12 Ret Ret 3  25  Donnie Robinson Mitsui-Yamaha YZR250  Ret Ret Ret 8 DNS      3  25  Harald Eckl  YZR250  8 14 19  Ret 16 Ret 22 12 17 3  28  Carlos Cardus Kobas Kobas-Rotax Ret 21 Ret 11 9 Ret  16 Ret 11 Ret 2  28  Massimo Matteoni Team Forever YZR250   Ret 17 14  9 Ret 15   2  30  Donnie McLeod Dalmac Racing YZR250    25 Ret 15  10 24 19 12 1  30  Bernard Fau TopCard Krauser Chevallier YZR250 Ret Ret  10 20 Ret Ret Ret Ret Ret Ret 1  30  Graeme McGregoer EMC EMC-Rotax   Ret     19 26 10  1  Jean-Louis Tournadre Sonauto Gauloises-Yamaha YZR250 Ret Ret Ret 14 11 Ret Ret   Ret Ret 0  Alan North  YZR250 Ret   DNQ 23   11 20 15  0  Eilert Lundstedt  YZR250          Ret 11 0  Siegfried Minich  Rotax   Ret   Ret 12 Ret Ret Ret  0  Pierre Bolle  YZR250  12          0  Herbert Bessendorfer  YZR250       Ret 17 18 13  0  Edwin Weibel  YZR250  Ret 18 20  20 20 13 Ret 30 22 0  Peter Looijesteijn  Waddon    27    18 14 28  0  Jimmy Rodger  YZR250 14           0  Paolo Ferretti  Rotax 18 20 DNQ Ret  Ret Ret 15 25   0  Maurizio Vitali  MBA   15  DNQ       0  Jürgen Schmid  YZR250    15        0  Karl-Thomas Grassel  YZR250   17 16        0  Graham Young EMC EMC-Rotax   16 Ret Ret Ret    20  0  Michel Simeon  YZR250    Ret 16    Ret Ret  0  Luis Miguel Reyes Kobas Kobas-Rotax     17  Ret   Ret  0  Paul Tinker  YZR250          17  0  Kiyotaka Sakai  YZR250    22   18   25  0  Stephane Mertens  YZR250         19  19 0  Tadasu Ikeda  YZR250  19  24  DNS    Ret  0  Gabriel Gabria  YZR250    28 Ret 19 Ret     0  Robbie Petersen  YZR250 19           0  Domingo Gil  YZR250     19       0  Con Law EMC EMC-Rotax        20  26  0  Kevin Hellyer  YZR250 20           0  Micke Melander  YZR250           20 0  Manfred Obinger  YZR250      21 21     0  Alan Labrosse  YZR250          Ret 21 0  Warren Bristol  YZR250 21           0  Massimo Broccoli  YZR250 22  Ret Ret        0  Herbert Hauf  YZR250      22      0  Leonard Dibon  YZR250 23           0  Stefan Förtsch  YZR250    23        0  Chris Oldfield Armstrong-Rotax CF250          23  0  Anders Skov  YZR250           23 0  Toni Garcia  YZR250    DNQ 24  Ret     0  Danny Bristol  YZR250 24           0  Andy Watts EMC EMC-Rotax          24  0  Jarmo Liitia  Rotax           24 0  Mike Crawford Armstrong-Rotax CF250 25           0  Mar Schouten  MBA    26 Ret DNS  Ret  Ret  0  Rene Delaby Armstrong-Rotax CF250    Ret     27 Ret Ret 0  Eric Saul  YZR250   Ret      Ret 29 Ret 0  Angel Nieto  YZR250 DNQ  DNQ Ret Ret Ret Ret     0  Bengt Elgh  MBA    Ret       Ret 0  Leif Nielsen  Rotax       Ret    Ret 0  Svend Andersson  YZR250          Ret Ret 0  Steve Williams  YZR250         DNQ Ret  0  Dave Petersen  Rotax Ret           0  Mario Rademeyer  YZR250 Ret           0  Richard Porter  Rotax Ret           0  Robert Larney  Rotax Ret           0  Patrick Chatelet  YZR250  Ret          0  Philippe Robles  YZR250  Ret          0  Jean Foray  YZR250  Ret          0  Patrick Igoa  YZR250  Ret          0  Marcellino Lucchi SWM SWM250   Ret         0  Constant Pittet  YZR250    Ret        0  Stefan Klabacher  Rotax    Ret        0  Roger Sibille  YZR250    Ret        0  Thomas Bacher  YZR250      Ret      0  Bozo Janezic Armstrong-Rotax CF250       Ret     0  Jeffrey Sayle Bartol-Yamaha YZR250          Ret  0  Steve Tonkin Armstrong-Rotax CF250          Ret  0  Steve Wright  YZR250          Ret  0  Pete Wild  YZR250          Ret  0  Stefano Caracchi  MBA          Ret  0  Per Jansson  YZR250           Ret 0  Paul Ramon  YZR250         DNQ   0   125cc standings   Place Rider Machine FRA
 NAT
 GER
 ESP
 AUT
 YUG
 NED
 BEL
 GBR
 SWE
 SMR
 Points  1  Ángel Nieto Garelli Ret 1 1 1 1 11 1 2 1 DNQ Ret 102  2  Bruno Kneubühler MBA 7 5 4 5 Ret 1 3 Ret 2 1 Ret 76  3  Eugenio Lazzarini Garelli Ret 2 2 2 2 DNS 7 1    67  4  Maurizio Vitali MBA 3 Ret 5 4 6 2 Ret Ret 9 10 1 59  5  Ricardo Tormo MBA 1 4 Ret 10 11  2 3 Ret 5 Ret 52  6  Hans Müller MBA Ret Ret 7 6 9 Ret 6 Ret 3 6 2 43  7  Johnny Wickström MBA 4 17 13 Ret 7 4 5 4 Ret 4 Ret 42  8  Pier Paolo Bianchi Sanvenero  Ret 3 3 3 Ret Ret Ret 13 7 5 40  9  Fausto Gresini Garelli Ret 7 6  4 Ret 10 9 6 2 Ret 37  10  August Auinger MBA Ret Ret Ret  5 Ret 15 Ret 5 3 4 30  11  Pierluigi Aldrovandi MBA 9 10 15 Ret 14 5 8 Ret 10 8 3 30  12  Gerhard Waibel MBA Ret 12 8  10 Ret 4 6 11 12 6 22  13  Jean-Claude Selini MBA 2 9 19 11 16 15 9 13 7 Ret Ret 20  14  Stefano Caracchi MBA Ret 8 10 7 13 3 16 10 Ret Ret Ret 19  15  Willy Perez MBA Ret 16 29 8 25 Ret 17 12 4 9 8 16  16  Lucio Pietroniro MBA Ret 11 9  8 6 19 5 Ret 21 Ret 16  17  Henk van Kessel MBA Ret 19 14 9 12 Ret 14 8 8 11 7 12  18  Ezio Gianola MBA  3    Ret     DNS 10  19  Thomas Moller-Pedersen MBA 5  33 23 DNQ DNQ   23 DNQ 17 6  20  Erich Klein MBA  15 Ret 21 Ret 7 Ret 14 Ret 13 9 6  21  Jikka Jaakkola MBA 6      23   17  5  22  Libero Piccirillo MBA 15 6 17 Ret Ret 14   Ret   5  23  Giuseppe Ascareggi MBA 8 Ret 28 12 24 Ret  18   Ret 3  24  Stefan Dörflinger MBA 13 Ret 12 Ret Ret 8 11 11   Ret 3  25  Hugo Vignetti MBA  Ret  13 15 9 Ret Ret Ret Ret Ret 2  26  Patrick Lagrive MBA 10           1  27  Jacky Hutteau MBA  22 26 17 17 10 20 22 Ret Ret 12 1  28  Anton Straver MBA Ret 21 21 15 22 12 18 Ret 14 15 10 1  Helmut Lichtenburg MBA 14 Ret 25  20 13 12 16 15 16 11 0  Miguel Gonzales MBA  13 11         0  Willi Hupperich MBA 11  20         0  Peter Sommer MBA 12  23      16 26 Ret 0  Olivier Liegeois Sanvenero  Ret Ret    26 19 12 Ret Ret 0  Alfred Waibel Real Ret  Ret  18  13 15    0  Bady Hassaine MBA Ret Ret 22 Ret  Ret  24 Ret 18 13 0  Paul Bordes MBA  14 18 18 Ret 16 25 17 Ret Ret Ret 0  Alojz Pavlic Bartol     21 17     14 0  Esa Kytola MBA Ret 20 Ret 14    25  Ret  0  Jussi Hautanimi Yamaha        20  14  0  Peter Balaz MBA           15 0  Antonio Boronat MBA 19   16        0  Rolf Ruttimann MBA 16 Ret Ret Ret 23 Ret†      0  Ivan Troisi MBA  Ret 16 Ret Ret       0  Carlo Succi MBA           16 0  Patrick Daudier MBA 17           0  Robin Appleyard MBA         17   0  Janez Pintar MBA  25 Ret  19 Ret 21  18   0  Chris Baert MBA   34 22    27  DNQ 18 0  Robert Hmeljak MBA      18   24   0  Joe Genoud MBA 18  DNQ         0  Dominico Brigaglia MBA  18         DNS 0  Per-Edward Carlson MBA Ret 24 24 19 Ret Ret 28 21  22 Ret 0  Jan Backstrom MBA   Ret  Ret   DNQ  19  0  Tony Smith MBA    Ret     19   0  Zdravko Matulja MBA      19      0  Willem Heykoop Sanvenero       Ret Ret 20 DNQ  0  Angel del Pozo MBA    20        0  Håkon Olsson Starol          20  0  Werner Schmied MBA     DNQ    21   0  Boy van Erp MBA       22  DNS 25  0  Chris Leah MBA   36 Ret     22   0  Andreas Sanches-Marin MBA Ret 23 31 Ret 26 Ret  DNQ   Ret 0  Jean-Paul Leonard MBA        23    0  Henrik Rasmussen MBA          23  0  Ton Spek MBA       24     0  Peter Karlsson MBA          24  0  Kees van der Ven MBA       27 26    0  Bernd Lauermann MBA   27  Ret       0  Elfenheimer MBA   30         0  Thomas Weickardt MBA   32         0  Reinhard Koberstein MBA   35         0  Hans Spaan MBA Ret  Ret Ret  Ret Ret     0  Massimo de Lorenzi Minarelli     Ret Ret     Ret 0  Fabio Meozzi MBA  Ret          0  Norbert Peschke MBA   Ret         0  Hubert Abold Bender   Ret         0  Hagen Klein FKN-Kreidler   Ret         0  Pete Wild MBA   Ret         0  Martin van Soest MBA       Ret     0  Jan Eggens EGA       Ret     0  Ingo Emmerich MBA        Ret    0  Peter Banks MBA         Ret   0  Bill Robertson MBA         Ret   0  Hans Hummel MBA         Ret   0  David Fabian Sanvenero         Ret   0  Jörgen Ask MBA          Ret  0  Olli Kujansuu MBA          Ret  0  Juha Pakkanen MBA          Ret  0  Marino Neri MBA           Ret 0  Stefan Schmitt MBA   DNQ         0  Zdravko Ljeljak MBA      DNQ      0   † denotes the death of a rider
50cc standings   Place Rider Machine FRA
 NAT
 GER
 ESP
 YUG
 NED
 SMR
 Points  1  Stefan Dörflinger Krauser 1 11 1 2 1 2 2 81  2  Eugenio Lazzarini Garelli 2 1 2 1 DNS 1 Ret 69  3  Claudio Lusuardi Villa Ret 2 Ret 4 Ret 4 3 38  4  Hans Spaan Kreidler Ret 5 6 7 2 9 6 34  5  George Looijestyn Kreidler 6 3 4 6 5 Ret Ret 34  6  Hagen Klein FKN-Kreidler 3 6 7 9 Ret 5 5 33  7  Ricardo Tormo Garelli     Ret 3 1 25  8  Rainer Kunz FKN-Kreidler Ret Ret 5 10 3 7 Ret 21  9  Gerhard Bauer Ziegler Ret Ret 3 5 7 21  20  10  Rainer Scheidhauer Kreidler 11 4 Ret  6 8 10 17  10  Theo Timmer Casal 8 Ret 10 Ret Ret 6 4 17  12  Ingo Emmerich Kreidler 4 8 8  Ret Ret  14  13  Jorge Martinez Bultaco    3    10  14  Zdravko Matulja Tomos Ret Ret Ret  4 12 Ret 8  15  Paul Rimmelzwaan Kreidler 5 Ret Ret 11 Ret Ret Ret 6  16  Gerhard Singer Kreidler Ret 7 9 Ret Ret 11 11 6  17  Otto Machinek Kreidler  19 11  8 14 8 6  18  Paul Bordes Moto 2L 7 10 13 13 Ret 13 Ret 5  19  Giuseppe Ascareggi Minarelli       7 4  20  Jos Van Dongen Kreidler 16 9 12  10 10 Ret 4  21  Daniel Mateos Bultaco    8    3  22  Paolo Priori Paolucci Ret 16  Ret   9 2  23  Hans Koopman Kreidler 9 Ret 15   Ret Ret 2  24  Maurizio Stocco Kreidler  14   9  Ret 2  25  Massimo De Lorenzi Minarelli 10 12 17 Ret Ret  Ret 1  Claudio Granata Kreidler  Ret   11  Ret 0  Ramon Gali Bultaco 12 Ret 14 15   Ret 0  Thomas Engl M1  Ret 18 Ret 12 Ret 15 0  Chris Baert Kreidler 17 17 16 18  17 12 0  Yves Le Toumelin TYL (motorcycle) Ret  20 12    0  Reiner Koster M1 13 Ret Ret Ret 20 Ret 14 0  Ian McConnachie Rudge  Ret 23 16 19 Ret 13 0  Kasimir Rapczynski Kreidler Ret  22  13 Ret  0  Sandro de Rosa Villa  13      0  Klaus Kull Kawadrom 14  26  Ret   0  Joaquin Gali Bultaco Ret Ret Ret 14  Ret Ret 0  Mijo Lijsak Kreidler     14   0  Stefan Kurfiss Kreidler   27  15   0  Hans-Joachim Ritter Kreidler 15  Ret   Ret  0  Guido Sala MTK  15      0  Bert Smit PRS      15  0  Mika-Sakari Komu Kreidler 18  25  16 19 17 0  Giuliano Tabanelli Kreidler  Ret     16 0  Rini Vrijdag Kreidler      16  0  Henrique Sande Moda    17    0  Miklos Bojan Kreidler     17   0  Gunter Schirnhofer Kreidler   21   18  0  Hans Hummel Sachs Ret Ret 30   Ret 18 0  Roberto Rosso Minarelli  18      0  T. Persic Sever     18   0  Peter Verbic Kreidler  Ret 19  Ret  Ret 0  Nicola Casadei Minarelli  Ret     19 0  Gerard Velay Kreidler 19       0  Jean-Francois Verdier Derbi    19    0  Jean-Marc Velay Kreidler 20  DNS     0  Wim de Jong Kreidler      20  0  Stefan Danielsson Kreidler Ret  24 Ret    0  Bruno Treitlein Kawadrom   28     0  Massimo Fargeri Kreidler   29    Ret 0  Spencer Crabbe MBA   31     0  Inge Arends Schuster   32   Ret Ret 0  Mauro Mordenti Rossi  Ret   Ret   0  Enrico Cereda Kreidler  Ret     Ret 0  Joe Genoud Kreidler Ret       0  Henri Laporte Moto Ret       0  Philippe Linares SBM Ret       0  Claude Delarbre ABF Ret       0  Ezio Saffiotti UFO  Ret      0  Franz Ungar Kreidler   Ret     0  Lajos Horti Kreidler     Ret   0  Uros Tomanovic Kreidler     Ret   0  Radovan Stanojevic Sever     Ret   0  Rajko Mitrovic Sever     Ret   0  Bertus Grinwis Kreidler      Ret  0  Antoon Gevers Kreidler      Ret  0  Lothar Dahn Kreidler   DNQ     0   * Büla, Maurice & Schertenleib, Jean-Claude (2001). *Continental Circus 1949–2000*. Chronosports S.A. ISBN 2-940125-32-5 * "The Official MotoGP website". Archived from the original on 20 September 2012. Retrieved 6 July 2010.  Footnotes |
| --- |


title: Aoulouz

abstract: Aoulouz or Aoullouz is a rural commune and small town in Taroudant Province, Souss-Massa Region, Morocco. According to the 2004 census it has a population of 5,756.

text:
# Aoulouz

**Aoulouz** or **Aoullouz** (Shilha Berber **Awlluẓ**) is a rural commune and small town in Taroudant Province, Souss-Massa Region, Morocco. According to the 2004 census it has a population of 5,756.

30°42′N 8°09′W / 30.700°N 8.150°W / 30.700; -8.150

## InfoBox

| Aoulouz | |
| --- | --- |
| Rural commune and town | |
| Country | Morocco |
| Region | Souss-Massa |
| Province | Taroudant Province |
| Population (2004) | |
| Total | 5,756 |
| Time zone | UTC+0 (WET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+1 (WEST) |


title: Ellington, Connecticut

abstract: Ellington is a town in Tolland County, Connecticut, United States. Ellington was incorporated in May 1786, from East Windsor. The town is part of the Capitol Planning Region. As of the 2020 census, the town population was 16,426.

text:
# Ellington, Connecticut

**Ellington** is a town in Tolland County, Connecticut, United States. Ellington was incorporated in May 1786, from East Windsor. The town is part of the Capitol Planning Region. As of the 2020 census, the town population was 16,426.

## History

Originally the area in what is now Ellington was named by the natives as “Weexskashuck” which translates to “Great Marsh”. The earliest settlers called the area Great Marsh or Goshen. In 1671, the town of Windsor, purchased the land of East Windsor and Ellington from the Native Americans to recover land loss from the Connecticut-Massachusetts border dispute. Though no one attempted to settle the fertile lands for another 50 years. Samuel Pinney was the first settler in today's Ellington (Pinney Road bears his name in town). In 1733, Ellington was established as a Parish of the town of Windsor. East Windsor then split off from Windsor and held land in what is today's East Windsor, South Windsor and Ellington in May 1768. Ellington split off twenty years later and incorporated itself in May 1786. Mostly known as an agricultural community, the Crystal Lake section of town was for a while a popular summer resort location. Ellington still has a significant amount of property dedicated to agriculture including cattle and corn farming.

Ellington's sole representative to the voting on the adoption of the United States Constitution by Connecticut was Ebenezer Nash. Nash was an anti-federalist and voted against the ratification, which passed 128–40.

Ellington is home to one of America's oldest roadside memorials, remembering a boy killed in a road accident. A stone in the southwest corner of the town marks the site where Samuel Knight was killed "by a cartwheel rolling over his head in the 10th year of his age, Nov 8, 1812". The Christian hymn, "I love to steal awhile away" was written by Phoebe Hinsdale Brown in Ellington based on a personal experience in August 1818.

During the late 19th century and early 20th century, Ellington became the center of a community of Jewish immigrant farmers who were settled there by the philanthropist Baron Maurice de Hirsch's Jewish Colonization Association. They built a synagogue, Congregation Knesseth Israel, that is still standing and in use by an active Modern Orthodox congregation today and is on the National Register of Historic Places.

On January 1, 1967, Ellington made national news when its residents assisted the city fire department in rescuing a pilot whose plane was having engine trouble and was unable to locate a runway in a fog that cut visibility to 200 feet. Under the direction and quick thinking of Resident State Trooper, Lionel Labreche, Connecticut State Police, dozens of people assembled at the town's unlit airstrip, Hyde Field, and illuminated the runway with their headlights, allowing the pilot to land safely.

In 1991, Ellington was proposed as a potential site for a low-level nuclear waste dump. Strong dissent from area residents forced the state to abandon the plan.

As it enters the 21st century, Ellington has had the 6th fastest growth rate of all the towns in Connecticut, and has been experiencing changes in growing from a rural farming town into a suburban community. Exemplative of this change was the displacement of the locally owned Ellington Supermarket by competition from the regional Big Y supermarket chain when a new Big Y was built adjacent to the older supermarket. An independent film entitled *The Supermarket*, was made about the incident.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 34.6 square miles (90 km2), of which 34.0 square miles (88 km2) is land and 0.6 square miles (1.6 km2) (1.59%) is water.

Ellington is bordered by the towns of East Windsor, South Windsor, Vernon, Tolland, Willington, Stafford, Somers, and Enfield.

The town has a panhandle extending to the east that extends to the Willimantic River and encompasses Crystal Lake. A large portion of the town's eastern portion is occupied by the Shenipsit State Forest which is bounded on the south by Shenipsit Lake and on the north by Soapstone Mountain.

### Neighborhoods

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1820 | 1,196 |  |  |
| 1850 | 1,399 |  |  |
| 1860 | 1,510 |  | 7.9% |
| 1870 | 1,452 |  | −3.8% |
| 1880 | 1,569 |  | 8.1% |
| 1890 | 1,539 |  | −1.9% |
| 1900 | 1,829 |  | 18.8% |
| 1910 | 1,999 |  | 9.3% |
| 1920 | 2,127 |  | 6.4% |
| 1930 | 2,253 |  | 5.9% |
| 1940 | 2,479 |  | 10.0% |
| 1950 | 3,099 |  | 25.0% |
| 1960 | 5,580 |  | 80.1% |
| 1970 | 7,707 |  | 38.1% |
| 1980 | 9,711 |  | 26.0% |
| 1990 | 11,197 |  | 15.3% |
| 2000 | 12,921 |  | 15.4% |
| 2010 | 15,602 |  | 20.7% |
| 2020 | 16,426 |  | 5.3% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

As of the census of 2000, there were 12,921 people, 5,195 households, and 3,470 families residing in the town. Ellington's population increased 20.8% between 2000 and 2010, making one of just four municipalities in Connecticut to achieve a growth rate of at least 20% for that period. The population density was 379.4 inhabitants per square mile (146.5/km2). There were 5,417 housing units at an average density of 159.1 per square mile (61.4/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 96.23% White, 0.99% African American, 0.16% Native American, 1.29% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.44% from other races, and 0.87% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.40% of the population.

There were 5,195 households, out of which 32.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.4% were married couples living together, 6.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.2% were non-families. 26.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.06.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.2% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 35.0% from 25 to 44, 23.6% from 45 to 64, and 9.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.3 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $62,405, and the median income for a family was $77,813. Males had a median income of $47,334 versus $32,460 for females. The per capita income for the town was $27,766. About 2.7% of families and 3.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.1% of those under age 18 and 3.9% of those age 65 or over.

| Voter Registration and Party Enrollment as of October 25, 2005 | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Active Voters | Inactive Voters | Total Voters | Percentage |
|  | Republican | 1,926 | 67 | 1,993 | 22.61% |
|  | Democratic | 1,905 | 55 | 1,960 | 22.23% |
|  | Unaffiliated | 4,679 | 177 | 4,856 | 55.09% |
|  | Minor parties | 5 | 1 | 6 | 0.07% |
| Total | | 8,515 | 300 | 8,815 | 100% |

| Presidential Election Results | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Year | Democratic | Republican | Third Parties |
| 2020 | **50.4%** *4,787* | 47.6% *4,515* | 2.0% *189* |
| 2016 | 43.2% *3,531* | **51.4%** *4,199* | 5.4% *437* |
| 2012 | 47.3% *3,598* | **51.2%** *3,894* | 1.5% *114* |
| 2008 | **53.9%** *4,236* | 44.8% *3,519* | 1.3% *99* |
| 2004 | 47.7% *3,467* | **50.9%** *3,700* | 1.4% *104* |
| 2000 | **48.9%** *3,113* | 45.7% *2,910* | 5.4% *339* |
| 1996 | **47.7%** *2,643* | 38.9% *2,152* | 13.4% *737* |
| 1992 | 34.8% *2,173* | **35.3%** *2,205* | 29.9% *1,858* |
| 1988 | 42.7% *2,171* | **56.5%** *2,873* | 0.8% *39* |
| 1984 | 31.9% *1,538* | **67.5%** *3,246* | 0.6% *23* |
| 1980 | 34.5% *1,599* | **46.9%** *2,172* | 18.6% *860* |
| 1976 | 45.4% *1,995* | **54.1%** *2,376* | 0.5% *20* |
| 1972 | 38.7% *1,432* | **60.6%** *2,242* | 0.7% *23* |
| 1968 | 46.6% *1,328* | **48.3%** *1,377* | 5.1% *146* |
| 1964 | **69.0%** *1,795* | 31.0% *806* | 0.00% *0* |
| 1960 | 48.2% *1,246* | **51.8%** *1,340* | 0.00% *0* |
| 1956 | 36.5% *753* | **63.5%** *1,311* | 0.00% *0* |

## Economy

Ellington is a rapidly growing community, and is going through the process of suburbanization, which is related to the phenomenon of urban sprawl.

Top employers in Ellington according to the town's 2023 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report

| # | Employer | \# of Employees |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Town of Ellington | 543 |
| 2 | Country Pure Foods | 196 |
| 3 | Indian Valley Faily YMCA | 118 |
| 4 | Big Y | 112 |
| 5 | Kloter Farms Country Store | 100 |
| 6 | Earthlight | 84 |
| 7 | LuAnn's Bakery | 75 |
| 8 | Barn Yard/Great Country Garage | 68 |
| 9 | Dymotek | 63 |
| 10 | Oakridge Dairy | 56 |

## Education

Ellington Public Schools belong to the Ellington Public Schools school district. The district has five public schools:

### Elementary schools

* Center School (K–6)
* Crystal Lake School (K–6)
* Windermere School (K–6)

### Middle school

### High school

## Infrastructure

### Roads

Though no Interstate Highways pass through Ellington it is approximately equidistant from both Interstate 84 and Interstate 91, each being approximately a ten- to fifteen-minute drive from most parts of town.

Several Connecticut State Roads run through town:

* Connecticut Route 30 – (Stafford Rd.) The north–south arterial in the Crystal Lake section of town.
* Connecticut Route 32 \- (River Rd.) Passes north-south through the very eastern edge of town, connects Willington to Stafford. No direct connections to the rest of town (Though CT 140 in Stafford Springs intersects with it)
* Connecticut Route 83 – (West Rd. & Somers Rd.) The main north–south arterial running through the middle of the town.
* Connecticut Route 74 – (Wapping Wood Rd. & Windsorville Rd.) On the Southern edge of town, a major road in Ellington's Five corners.
* Connecticut Route 140 – (Sadds Mill Rd., Maple St., Crystal Lake Rd., & Sandy Beach Rd.) The town's main East/West arterial, running the complete width of town.
* Connecticut Route 286 – (Pinney St. & Main St.) An arterial running North from Five Corners to the center of town where it turns East and becomes Ellington's Main St.

### Rail

Ellington was formerly served by a seven-mile-long rail line built in 1876 running from Vernon to Melrose, that roughly paralleled Pinney St. and Sadds Mill Rd. The rail line became defunct in the middle part of the 20th century. The New England Central Railroad (following the Willimantic River) also briefly clips through the very eastern edge of Ellington, though has no stops.

### Airports

### Water

Crystal Lake, in the eastern section of town, is used by many for boating.

## Notable people

1. "Town of Ellington Connecticut". Town of Ellington Connecticut. Archived from the original on July 18, 2012. Retrieved September 22, 2012.
2. "Census - Geography Profile: Ellington town, Tolland County, Connecticut". Retrieved December 15, 2021.
3. Staff; "Ellington Town Information"; *The Hartford Courant*; August 16, 2006
4. "Raider, Mark; *Jewish Immigrant Farmers in the Connecticut Valley: The Rockville Settlement*". Archived from the original on December 8, 2006. Retrieved November 26, 2006.
5. The National Register of Historic Places listings in Tolland County, Connecticut
6. "Town Guides Lost Plane to Safe Landing— Light Small Airstrip with Cars, Trucks", *Chicago Tribune*, January 2, 1964, p1A-2
7. "NUCLEAR WASTE Connecticut’s First Site Selection Process for a Disposal Facility";*Report to Congressional Requesters* U.S. General Accounting Office; April 1993
8. "*Coming to Terms with Growth*; Town of Ellington Newsletter; September 2004; p2" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on September 23, 2006. Retrieved December 6, 2006.
9. "Customers Bemoan The Imminent Closing Of Ellington Supermarket"; Journal Inquirer; July 8, 2006
10. "Former Employee Turns Ellington Supermarket Into Film Icon"; Journal Inquirer; November 10, 2006
11. "Former Supermarket Worker Makes Film At Old Store"; Progressive Grocer; November 15, 2006
12. "*Map of Shenipsit State Forest*; Connecticut DEP" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on December 6, 2006. Retrieved November 26, 2006.
13. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
14. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
15. https://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/cph-2-8.pdf "Connecticut: 2010 Population and Housing Unit Counts," U.S. Census Bureau, June 2012, page 32. Retrieved May 18, 2014.
16. "Registration and Party Enrollment Statistics as of October 25, 2005" (PDF). Connecticut Secretary of State. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 23, 2006. Retrieved October 2, 2006.
17. "General Election Statements of Vote, 1922 – Current". *CT Secretary of State*. Archived from the original on May 14, 2019. Retrieved May 2, 2021.
18. "Election Night Reporting". *CT Secretary of State*. Archived from the original on April 28, 2016. Retrieved May 2, 2021.
19. Sacks, Michael P. (September 2004). "Suburban Sprawl, Urban Decline and Racial/Ethnic Segregation: Shifting Dimensions of Inequality in a U.S. Metro Area" (PDF). The Office of Population Research at Princeton University. Retrieved January 30, 2007. `{{cite journal}}`: Cite journal requires `|journal=` (help)
20. "Town of Ellington Comprehensive Annual Financial Report For the Fiscal Year July 1, 2022- June 30, 2023" (PDF). Town of Ellington. Retrieved February 17, 2024.
21. "Ellington Public Schools". Ellington Public Schools. Retrieved September 22, 2012.
22. "Ellington School Districtn School District". Great Schools, Inc. Retrieved September 19, 2012.
23. *Vernon Depot/The Hartford, Providence & Fishkill Railroad/Vernon, Connecticut*
24. Airnav.com summary for Ellington Airport (7B9)

There are three different public elementary schools in Ellington,ct the schools are, center school, windermere, and crystal lake. There is also one public middle school, and a public high school.

## InfoBox

| Ellington, Connecticut | |
| --- | --- |
| Town | |
| Town of Ellington | |
| The town green | |
|  | |
| Motto: "A Great Place to Grow" | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Coordinates: 41°55′00″N 72°27′28″W / 41.91667°N 72.45778°W / 41.91667; -72.45778 | |
| Country | United States |
| U.S. state | Connecticut |
| County | Tolland |
| Region | Capitol Region |
| Incorporated | 1786 |
| Government | |
| Type | Selectman-town meeting |
| First Selectman | Lori Spielman (R) |
| Selectmen | David Stavens (R)
Melinda Ferry (D)
James Prichard (R)
Ronald Stomberg (R)
John Turner (R)
Michael Madru (D) |
| Area | |
| Total | 34.6 sq mi (89.6 km2) |
| Land | 34.1 sq mi (88.2 km2) |
| Water | 0.6 sq mi (1.4 km2) |
| Elevation | 246 ft (75 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 16,426 |
| Density | 482/sq mi (186.2/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (Eastern) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (Eastern) |
| ZIP Code | 06029 |
| Area code(s) | 860/959 |
| FIPS code | 09-25360 |
| GNIS feature ID | 0212330 |
| Website | www.ellington-ct.gov |


title: Ellington, New York

abstract: Ellington is a town in Chautauqua County, New York, United States. The population was 1,493 at the 2020 census.

text:
# Ellington, New York

**Ellington** is a town in Chautauqua County, New York, United States. The population was 1,493 at the 2020 census.

## History

The town of Ellington was formed on April 1, 1824, from the town of Gerry, and Cherry Creek was taken off on May 4, 1829. The first real settlement in the area was towards the northeast part of the town. The first settler to this area was Joshua Bentley, who purchased part of lot 7 in 1814, and part of lot 6 in 1815. Once the town was officially formed in 1824, the first town meeting was held on March 1, 1825, at the house of Lucretia French, in the north part of town. The first religious services were held at the house of James Bates in 1817 by Rev. Daniel Hadley.

In Ellington's early years there were a few saw-mills in the town, in which most of the townsfolk that didn't have other jobs worked. Most notably was the saw-mill at the dead-end of the aptly named Mill St, which was originally named Willow St. It is notable because it was operational from the 1800s to the early 2000s. Ellington also had a high school on Main Street at one point, built in 1910 and constructed directly in front of the former school house which was built in 1852. The school was known as The Ellington Academy, and operated as a high school until 1948. The building is now a private residence. The original School House built in 1852 was known as "The Box of Knowledge" and reportedly started as a teachers college. During Prohibition bootlegging was common all over the country. Reportedly there were moonshine stills hidden in an old root cellar on 28th Creek Rd known as "The Hide Out" and "Hole in the Wall", however it is unknown if this is true or not.

**The Floods of Ellington**

On September 8, 1865, a storm caused Twenty-eighth Creek, which runs through the southern part of the town, to turn into a terrifying river of logs and wreckage. Homes, stores, the Hotel, and the Baptist Church were all reportedly destroyed or washed away. On August 2, 1979, another terrible flood from Twenty-eighth Creek ravaged the town. One resident of 28th Creek Rd is reported as yelling, "Move out as many people as you can! There's a wall of water headed towards Ellington!". The flood destroyed a trailer park above the town before sending flood waters through the town proper. The Baptist Church sustained damage as well as the former town hall and around 40 homes. Town records washed out of the town hall were recovered a third of a mile away. The damage to the entire town was determined to be around one million dollars. On September 14, 1979, there was another flood although this one was much less damaging than the one just a month prior in August.

## Geography

Ellington is located on the eastern edge of Chautauqua County, bordered by Cattaraugus County to the east. It is northeast of Jamestown, the largest city in Chautauqua County. According to the United States Census Bureau, Ellington has a total area of 36.6 square miles (94.7 km2), of which 0.015 square miles (0.04 km2), or 0.04%, is water.

U.S. Route 62 passes east-to-south through the town, and New York State Route 83 passes through the northeast of the town parallel to Conewango Creek, a tributary of the Allegheny River.

### Adjacent towns and areas

Ellington is south of the town of Cherry Creek and north of the town of Poland. To the west is the town of Gerry. On the east is the town of Conewango in Cattaraugus County.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1830 | 1,279 |  |  |
| 1840 | 1,725 |  | 34.9% |
| 1850 | 2,001 |  | 16.0% |
| 1860 | 1,937 |  | −3.2% |
| 1870 | 1,556 |  | −19.7% |
| 1880 | 1,602 |  | 3.0% |
| 1890 | 1,430 |  | −10.7% |
| 1900 | 1,330 |  | −7.0% |
| 1910 | 1,235 |  | −7.1% |
| 1920 | 1,061 |  | −14.1% |
| 1930 | 1,079 |  | 1.7% |
| 1940 | 1,073 |  | −0.6% |
| 1950 | 1,142 |  | 6.4% |
| 1960 | 1,314 |  | 15.1% |
| 1970 | 1,384 |  | 5.3% |
| 1980 | 1,690 |  | 22.1% |
| 1990 | 1,615 |  | −4.4% |
| 2000 | 1,639 |  | 1.5% |
| 2010 | 1,643 |  | 0.2% |
| 2020 | 1,493 |  | −9.1% |
| 2021 (est.) | 1,500 |  | 0.5% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,639 people, 568 households, and 440 families residing in the town. The population density was 44.8 inhabitants per square mile (17.3/km2). There were 636 housing units at an average density of 17.4 per square mile (6.7/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 98.35% White, 0.18% African American, 0.67% Native American, 0.12% Asian, 0.06% from other races, and 0.61% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.61% of the population.

There were 568 households, out of which 36.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.9% were married couples living together, 6.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.5% were non-families. 16.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.88 and the average family size was 3.25.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 28.4% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 23.8% from 45 to 64, and 10.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.9 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $36,300, and the median income for a family was $41,058. Males had a median income of $28,000 versus $21,842 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,790. About 9.3% of families and 12.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.1% of those under age 18 and 12.7% of those age 65 or over.

## Ellington Town Picnic

Every year on the first Friday, Saturday, and Sunday of August, the town hosts it famous "Ellington Town Picnic". The picnic has activities such as a woodcutting contest, cake contest and auction, pet show contest, baby contest, horseshoe throwing contest, BBQ, square dance and music, and on Saturday at 10:00 PM the town has a brilliant fireworks show near the north east side of the town park on Saturday night of the picnic at 10:00 PM.

**Town Picnic History:** Arriving to the town square by horse and buggy with a dish to pass, the Ellington community gathered for the first official Town Picnic in 1905. As electricity came to Ellington the event expanded from a one day get-together to the three day event it is now. For a few years early on political speakers were asked to orate at the event, but this was quickly dropped. This picnic has been going year after year except during the World Wars since 1912 to present day making it the oldest small town picnic in America.

## Notable people

## Communities and locations in Ellington

* **Bates**  A hamlet in the northwest corner of the town on County Routes 64 and 66
* **Clear Creek**  A hamlet on the eastern town line, south of Conewango Valley on NY Route 83
* **Clear Creek**  A tributary of Conewango Creek that flows eastward past the community of Clear Creek. It is part of the Allegheny River watershed
* **Conewango Valley**  A hamlet on the eastern town line on Route 83 at its junction with U.S. Route 62. The post office bearing the "Conewango Valley" name is actually in the town of Conewango, New York on the other side of the Cattaraugus County line; the Conewango and Conewango Valley post offices had merged in 1964, located in Conewango but keeping the Conewango Valley name
* **Ellington**  The hamlet of Ellington in the town's center at the junction of County Roads 50 (West Main Street) and 66 (Thornton Road) and US Route 62
* **Gates Corners**  A location on the north town line
* **Kings School Corner**  A location by the north town line on Route 83
* **Waterboro**  A hamlet by the southeast part of the town
* **No-God Hollow**  A facetious name for the area along Thornton Road in which an atheist once lived long ago

42°13′00″N 79°06′28″W / 42.21667°N 79.10778°W / 42.21667; -79.10778

## InfoBox

| Ellington, New York | |
| --- | --- |
| Town | |
| Nickname: "A Grand Old Town" | |
| Location within Chautauqua County and New York | |
| EllingtonLocation within the state of New York | |
| Coordinates: 42°13′17″N 79°6′40″W / 42.22139°N 79.11111°W / 42.22139; -79.11111 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | New York |
| County | Chautauqua |
| Government | |
| Type | Town Council |
| Town Supervisor | Karen Bifaro()(Formerly Laura M. Cronk)() |
| Town Council | Members' List |
| Area | |
| Total | 36.56 sq mi (94.69 km2) |
| Land | 36.55 sq mi (94.65 km2) |
| Water | 0.01 sq mi (0.04 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,411 ft (430 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 1,493 |
| Estimate (2021) | 1,500 |
| Density | 43.07/sq mi (16.63/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| ZIP code | 14732 |
| Area code | 716 |
| FIPS code | 36-013-24053 |
| GNIS feature ID | 0978935 |
| Website | www.ellingtonny.org |


title: 1985–86 IIHF European Cup

abstract: The 1985–86 European Cup was the 21st edition of the European Cup, IIHF's premier European club ice hockey tournament. The season started on October 10, 1985, and finished on August 30, 1986. The tournament was won by CSKA Moscow, who won the final group.

text:
# 1985–86 IIHF European Cup

The **1985–86 European Cup** was the 21st edition of the European Cup, IIHF's premier European club ice hockey tournament. The season started on October 10, 1985, and finished on August 30, 1986.

The tournament was won by CSKA Moscow, who won the final group.

## Preliminary round

| Team #1 | Score | Team #2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Deko Builders Amsterdam** | 10:1, 8:1 | Slavia Sofia |
| Durham Wasps | 6:7, 3:8 | **HK Jesenice** |

## First round

| Team #1 | Score | Team #2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Dynamo Berlin** | 11:1, 8:1 | Újpesti Dózsa |
| **SC Saint Gervais** | 5:3, 3:3 | GKS Zagłębie Sosnowiec |
| HK Jesenice | 5:8, 2:9 | **HC Davos** |
| CHH Txuri Urdin | 1:5, 0:18 | **HC Bolzano** |
| Deko Builders Amsterdam | 2:4, 5:9 | **EC KAC** |

Ilves,  Södertälje SK,  SB Rosenheim,  Dukla Jihlava,  CSKA Moscow  : bye

## Second round

| Team #1 | Score | Team #2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| HC Bolzano | 1:11, 2:11 | **CSKA Moscow** |
| EC KAC | 1:4, 2:10 | **Dukla Jihlava** |
| HC Davos | 5:9, 5:9 | **Södertälje SK** |
| Dynamo Berlin | 1:3, 4:3 | **SB Rosenheim** |
| **SC Saint Gervais** | w/o | Ilves |

## Final Group

(Rosenheim, Bavaria, West Germany)

| Team #1 | Score | Team #2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| SB Rosenheim | 1:3 | Södertälje SK |
| Dukla Jihlava | 10:2 | SC Saint Gervais |
| CSKA Moscow | 10:2 | Södertälje SK |
| SB Rosenheim | 9:4 | SC Saint Gervais |
| CSKA Moscow | 19:1 | SC Saint Gervais |
| SB Rosenheim | 6:4 | Dukla Jihlava |
| CSKA Moscow | 9:3 | Dukla Jihlava |
| Södertälje SK | 11:0 | SC Saint Gervais |
| SB Rosenheim | 0:8 | CSKA Moscow |
| Södertälje SK | 5:4 | Dukla Jihlava |

### Final group standings

| Rank | Team | Points |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **CSKA Moscow** | 8 |
| 2 | Södertälje SK | 6 |
| 3 | SB Rosenheim | 4 |
| 4 | Dukla Jihlava | 2 |
| 5 | SC Saint Gervais | 0 |


title: Elizabeth Fell

abstract: Elizabeth Dyneley Fell, known as Liz Fell, was an Australian activist, journalist, academic, feminist and public intellectual, who was a founding member of the prison activist organisations Prisoners Action Group and Women Behind Bars. She was awarded the George Munster Award for Freelance Journalism in 1986 for her radio features on ABC Radio National about government and corporate activity in media and telecommunications.

text:
# Elizabeth Fell

**Elizabeth Dyneley Fell**, known as **Liz Fell**, (7 March 1940 – 13 August 2020) was an Australian activist, journalist, academic, feminist and public intellectual, who was a founding member of the prison activist organisations Prisoners Action Group and Women Behind Bars. She was awarded the George Munster Award for Freelance Journalism in 1986 for her radio features on ABC Radio National about government and corporate activity in media and telecommunications.

## Early life and education

Fell was the second child of John and Margaret Fell (Grant) and younger sister of Eleanor. She attended Abbotsleigh and Frensham boarding school. She studied a Bachelor of Arts degree at the University of Sydney from 1955 majoring in psychology. In her final year she was awarded the prize for best student. She then worked as a psychology tutor for Professor John Maze and became a member of the intellectual movement based around the University, the Sydney Push.

## Career

In 1969, Fell joined the sociology department at the University of NSW where she taught in a range of courses including architecture. In 1971 she was the founder of a controversial sex education publication aimed at students called SEX.

In 1970 she became an active supporter for the Gurindji campaign for Aboriginal self-determination and over many years continued her support for Black Power leaders in Sydney such as her close friend, Aboriginal activist and academic Gary Foley.

Fell worked in television, print and radio as a journalist. She joined the ABC program Lateline in 1974 and also worked for the Nine Network on the *Sunday* program and *60 Minutes*, *The National Times* and *The Sun-Herald*, and *Dateline* on the Special Broadcasting Service (SBS). Elizabeth (Liz) was elected a Distinguished Fellow of the Telecommunication Society of Australia.

## Death

Fell taught university students and worked as a freelance journalist until she was 73 and died on 13 August 2020, following a long illness, aged 80.

## InfoBox

| Liz Fell | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Elizabeth Dyneley Fell<br>(1940-03-07)7 March 1940 |
| Died | 13 August 2020(2020-08-13) (aged 80) |
| Occupation | Journalist, academic, activist |
| Nationality | Australian |
| Alma mater | University of Sydney (BA Psychology) |


title: Elizabeth Fenning

abstract: Elizabeth Fenning was a domestic servant whose controversial conviction for attempted murder and execution became an issue of widespread controversy and debate.

text:
# Elizabeth Fenning

**Elizabeth Fenning** (c. 1792–1815) was a domestic servant whose controversial conviction for attempted murder and execution became an issue of widespread controversy and debate.

## Background

Fenning was born to poor parents, and from age 14 she worked in various situations as a domestic servant. Toward the end of January 1815 she entered the service of tradesman Orlibar Turner of 68 Chancery Lane, London, in the capacity of cook. Weeks later, on 21 March, Turner and his son Robert Gregson Turner and daughter-in-law Charlotte Turner all became very sick after eating yeast dumplings that Fenning had prepared. They soon recovered, but discovered that arsenic had been mixed into the dumpling batter, and suspicion fell on Fenning.

## Criminal proceedings

Fenning was summoned to Hatton Garden police-court and committed for trial. The case came before the Old Bailey on 11 April 1815, when Fenning was charged with feloniously administering arsenic to the three Turners with intent to murder them.

Evidence was brought against Fenning that she had asked and received leave to make the dumplings, and that she was alone in the kitchen during the whole time of their preparation; that the poison was neither in the flour nor in the milk; and that Fenning was acquainted with and had access to a drawer in her employer's office where arsenic was kept. Roger Gadsden, an apprentice of Turner, had eaten a piece of dumpling after dinner, though Fenning had strongly advised him not to touch it, and he had also fallen ill.

Fenning pleaded not guilty and urged that she herself had eaten of the dumplings, a piece of testimony which was corroborated by Turner's mother, who said that she had been sent for, and on arrival had found the prisoner very sick. The prisoner, protesting her innocence, tried to show that Mrs. Turner had a spite against her. Five witnesses were called, and each one gave Fenning a character of respectability and good nature. The recorder's summing-up was strongly against the prisoner; the jury found her guilty, and she was sentenced to death. On hearing the sentence pronounced she fell into a fit and was carried insensible from the dock.

## Execution

Popular opinion was largely in favour of Fenning's innocence, and every effort was made by her friends and others to procure a remission of the sentence. Orlibar Turner even tried to sign a petition to save Eliza but was stopped when the recorder who sentenced her came to his house and said that if he did, the Turner family would be investigated for the crime.

On the day before that fixed for the execution, a meeting was held at the Home Office to consider the case. Lord Sidmouth, the Home Secretary, was out of town, but the Lord Chancellor Lord Eldon, the recorder, and Mr Becket were present, and concluded that there was no reason to interfere. Lord Eldon summoned another meeting in the evening, with the same result. On the following morning, 26 July, Fenning was hanged, in company with two other malefactors, Oldfield and Adams, the former for raping a child and the latter for sodomy.

## Aftermath

Intense public interest was excited, it being generally believed that Fenning was innocent, a belief which was strengthened by her declaration on the scaffold: 'Before the just and almighty God, and by the faith of the holy sacrament I have taken, I am innocent of the offence with which I am charged.' At her funeral, which took place five days later at St George the Martyr, Bloomsbury, the pall was accompanied by six girls dressed in white, and as many as 10,000 persons took part in the procession which was formed to the grave. A local newspaper reported: "Every window was thronged, and in many places the tops of the houses were covered with spectators." Because there was not room in the church, most of the attendants had to remain outside. Many constables were present to prevent violence, but only one fight occurred.

In the wake of the execution, a mob of over 1,000 gathered outside of the Turner home threatening to burn it down. Police dispersed them and arrested two men. However, crowds of hundreds "with an intention of doing mischief" continued to come over the next few days, so constables had to remain outside of the Turner residence. Ultimately, no damage was done and the mobs eventually stopped coming to the house.

Although Fenning was executed, William Hone's 240-page book on the subject, *The Important Results of an Elaborate Investigation into the Mysterious Case of Eliza Fenning* – widely considered a landmark in investigative journalism – demolished the prosecution's case. In it, he claimed that Eliza was executed to show other servants what would happen to them if they harmed their masters/mistresses. He wrote: "All the masters and mistresses of families, who credulity or idleness rendered them proper subjects for alarums, were excessively devoted to the vociferous execration of the wickedness of servants."

Samuel Parr and Charles Dickens believed in her innocence, as did John Gordon Smith. In an 1829 publication, Smith highlighted an article in the *Morning Journal* from March that year which details the death of Robert Gregson Turner in Ipswich Workhouse after he confessed his guilt for the crime for which Fenning was hanged.

Author Sandra Hempel, who specialises in topics of health, has highlighted the Fenning case as one which led to the development and advancement of forensic evidence as a means of determining guilt in murder trials. Hempel contends that contemporary experts analysed the forensic evidence available to them and resultantly cast serious doubt on Fenning's alleged guilt, only for the evidence to be ignored, largely as a result of the failings of the courtroom. The case received much public and academic attention and probably helped catalyse further scientific developments in the field of forensics.

Attribution

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Fenning, Elizabeth". *Dictionary of National Biography*. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.

Hone William: The Important Results of an Elaborate Investigation into the Mysterious Case of Eliza Fenning


title: Ao Chi Hong

abstract: Ao Chi Hong is a Macanese auto racing driver. He has regularly competed in the Asian Touring Car Championship, finishing third overall in 2002, 2003 and 2004. He has competed in two rounds of the 2006 FIA World Touring Car Championship. For the final two rounds in his home nation of Macau he drove a BMW 320i for his Ao's Racing Team. He managed a nineteenth place in race one, and failed to finish in the second race. He had previously failed to make the grid in the 2005 WTCC, after crashing in qualifying.

text:
# Ao Chi Hong

**Ao Chi Hong** (Chinese: 區志雄, born 30 October 1960) is a Macanese auto racing driver. He has regularly competed in the Asian Touring Car Championship, finishing third overall in 2002, 2003 and 2004. He has competed in two rounds of the 2006 FIA World Touring Car Championship. For the final two rounds in his home nation of Macau he drove a BMW 320i for his Ao's Racing Team. He managed a nineteenth place in race one, and failed to finish in the second race. He had previously failed to make the grid in the 2005 WTCC, after crashing in qualifying.

## Racing record

### Complete World Touring Car Championship results

(key) (Races in **bold** indicate pole position) (Races in *italics* indicate fastest lap)

| Year | Team | Car | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | DC | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2005 | Ao's Racing Team | BMW 320i | ITA
1 | ITA
2 | FRA
1 | FRA
2 | GBR
1 | GBR
2 | SMR
1 | SMR
2 | MEX
1 | MEX
2 | BEL
1 | BEL
2 | GER
1 | GER
2 | TUR
1 | TUR
2 | ESP
1 | ESP
2 | MAC
1
DNS | MAC
2
DNS |  |  | NC | 0 |
| 2006 | Ao's Racing Team | BMW 320i | ITA
1 | ITA
2 | FRA
1 | FRA
2 | GBR
1 | GBR
2 | GER
1 | GER
2 | BRA
1 | BRA
2 | MEX
1 | MEX
2 | CZE
1 | CZE
2 | TUR
1 | TUR
2 | ESP
1 | ESP
2 | MAC
1
19 | MAC
2
Ret |  |  | NC | 0 |
| 2007 | Ao's Racing Team | BMW 320i | BRA
1 | BRA
2 | NED
1 | NED
2 | ESP
1 | ESP
2 | FRA
1 | FRA
2 | CZE
1 | CZE
2 | POR
1 | POR
2 | SWE
1 | SWE
2 | GER
1 | GER
2 | GBR
1 | GBR
2 | ITA
1 | ITA
2 | MAC
1
WD | MAC
2
WD | NC | 0 |


abstract: The annual election to the Labour Party's Shadow Cabinet was conducted in October 1986. In addition to the 16 members elected, the Leader, Deputy Leader, Labour Chief Whip, Labour Leader in the House of Lords, and Chairman of the Parliamentary Labour Party were automatically members. As a result of the election, David Clark and Bryan Gould joined the cabinet, while Robin Cook and Robert Hughes lost their places. Top 19 candidates are listed.

text:
# 1986 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election

The annual election to the Labour Party's Shadow Cabinet (more formally, its "Parliamentary Committee") was conducted in October 1986. In addition to the 16 members elected, the Leader (Neil Kinnock), Deputy Leader (Roy Hattersley), Labour Chief Whip (Derek Foster), Labour Leader in the House of Lords (Cledwyn Hughes), and Chairman of the Parliamentary Labour Party (Jack Dormand) were automatically members.

As a result of the election, David Clark and Bryan Gould joined the cabinet, while Robin Cook and Robert Hughes lost their places.

| Rank
 | Prior
rank
 | Candidate
 | Constituency
 | Votes
 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 1 | Gerald Kaufman | Manchester Gorton | 113 |
| 2 | 7 | John Smith | Monklands East | 103 |
| 3 | 13 | Denzil Davies | Llanelli | 102 |
| 4= | 3= | Denis Healey | Leeds East | 100 |
| 4= | 2 | Stan Orme | Salford East | 100 |
| 6 | 10= | Barry Jones | Alyn and Deeside | 96 |
| 7 | 6 | Peter Shore | Bethnal Green and Stepney | 94 |
| 8 | 9 | Jack Cunningham | Copeland | 93 |
| 9 | 10= | Peter Archer | Warley West | 92 |
| 10 | 8 | Giles Radice | North Durham | 91 |
| 12= | 17 | David Clark | South Shields | 89 |
| 12= | 3= | John Prescott | Kingston upon Hull East | 89 |
| 14 | 14 | Donald Dewar | Glasgow Garscadden | 88 |
| 15 |  | Bryan Gould | Dagenham | 82 |
| 16 | 12 | Michael Meacher | Oldham West | 80 |
| 17= | 5 | Robin Cook | Livingston | 78 |
| 17= | 15= | Robert Hughes | Aberdeen North | 78 |
| 19 | 18 | Brynmor John | Pontypridd | 73 |

Top 19 candidates are listed.

## Footnotes

Notes References  1. *Keesing's Contemporary Archives, Volume 33*, p.xxxiii


title: Antônio Callado

abstract: Antônio Callado was a Brazilian journalist, playwright, and novelist. Born in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Callado studied law, then worked as a journalist in London for the BBC's Brazilian Service from 1941 to 1947. Callado began writing fiction in the 1950s. His first novel, A assunção de Salviano, was published in 1954, and his last, O homem cordial e outras histórias, came out in 1993. Quarup (1967) is regarded as his most famous work. Callado has received literary prizes that include the Golfinho de Ouro, the Prêmio Brasília, and the Goethe Prize for fiction for Sempreviva (1981). He died in Rio de Janeiro, aged 80.

text:
# Antônio Callado

**Antônio Callado** (26 January 1917 – 28 January 1997) was a Brazilian journalist, playwright, and novelist. Born in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Callado studied law, then worked as a journalist in London for the BBC's Brazilian Service from 1941 to 1947. Callado began writing fiction in the 1950s. His first novel, *A assunção de Salviano* (The Assumption of Salviano), was published in 1954, and his last, *O homem cordial e outras histórias* (Men of Feeling and Other Stories), came out in 1993. *Quarup* (1967) is regarded as his most famous work. Callado has received literary prizes that include the Golfinho de Ouro, the Prêmio Brasília, and the Goethe Prize for fiction for *Sempreviva* (1981). He died in Rio de Janeiro, aged 80.

## Works

* *O fígado de Prometeu*, play (1951)
* *A assunção de Salviano*, novel (1954)
* *A cidade assassinada*, play (1954)
* *Frankel*, play (1955)
* *A madona de cedro*, novel (1957)
* *Retrato de Portinari*, biography (1957)
* *Pedro Mico*, play (1957)
* *Colar de coral*, play (1957)
* *O tesouro de Chica da Silva*, play (1962)
* *Forró no Engenho Cananéia*, play (1964)
* *Quarup*, novel (1967) which was the source of the film Kuarup
* *Bar Don Juan*, novel (1971)
* *Reflexos do baile*, novel (1976)
* *Sempreviva*, novel (1981)
* *A expedição Montaigne*, novel (1982)
* *A revolta da cachaça*, play (1983)
* *Concerto carioca*, novel (1985)
* *Memórias de Aldenham House*, novel (1989)
* *O homem cordial e outras histórias*, short stories (1993)


abstract: The 1983 NCAA Division I lacrosse tournament was the 13th annual tournament hosted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the team champion of men's college lacrosse among its Division I programs at the end of the 1983 NCAA Division I men's lacrosse season. Syracuse defeated Johns Hopkins in the championship game, 17–16, to claim the Orangemen's first NCAA national title. The final was played at Rutgers Stadium at Rutgers University in Piscataway, New Jersey.

text:
# 1983 NCAA Division I men's lacrosse tournament

The **1983 NCAA Division I lacrosse tournament** was the 13th annual tournament hosted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the team champion of men's college lacrosse among its Division I programs at the end of the 1983 NCAA Division I men's lacrosse season.

Syracuse defeated Johns Hopkins in the championship game, 17–16, to claim the Orangemen's first NCAA national title.

The final was played at Rutgers Stadium at Rutgers University in Piscataway, New Jersey.

## Overview

In an exciting NCAA lacrosse finals, Syracuse capped off a 14-1 season with its first NCAA championship and fifth overall lacrosse title as they defeated Johns Hopkins, 17–16. The Orangemen, led by Brad Kotz and Tim Nelson, scored eight straight goals in less than nine minutes in the second half to clinch the title after Hopkins had gone up 12–5 midway through the third quarter.

Syracuse was seeded second and hosted the first round and semifinal games. The Orangemen beat Penn, the seventh-seed, 11–8 at Syracuse's J.S. Coyne Stadium. In the semifinals in the Carrier Dome, the Orangemen beat Maryland 12–5 behind Randy Lundblad’s one goal and four assists and Travis Solomon’s 22 saves.

In the finals, the Blue Jays had a 12–5 lead with less than seven minutes to play in the third period when the Orangemen rallied. Syracuse outscored the Blue Jays 4–1 to close out the third period and then added six straight goals in the fourth to go up 15–13. Hopkins tied the score at 15, but goals by Brad Kotz and Lundblad gave the Orangemen a two-goal cushion with Del Dressell scoring the final Hopkins goal. Tim Nelson had two goals and six assists in the finals, to finish as the tournament’s leading scorer with 15 points. Kotz scored five goals, all in the second half and was named Most Outstanding Player. Travis Solomon made 18 saves for the Orange.

Late in the third quarter, team captain and defenseman Darren Lawlor scored a key goal left-handed which provided a spark for the Orangemen. Overcoming a seven goal deficit against a Hopkins team participating in its seventh straight title game, Lawlor and the other Orangemen seniors provided the spark. But the offensive punch came primarily from sophomores, including midfielder Brad Kotz of West Genesee and Tim Nelson, the transfer from North Carolina State. Nelson's pass to Randy Lundblad for an open-net goal with 1:09 left locked up the title for the Orangemen.

For Hopkins, Dressel was outstanding exhibiting one on one skills on par with the Orangemen's most athletic players, finishing with three goals and one assist in the finals.

Syracuse and Johns Hopkins would go on to meet in the NCAA finals five more times, the last time in 2008. This was Hopkins' seventh straight NCAA final.

## Bracket

|  | **Quarterfinals**
May 18 | | |  |  | **Semifinals**
May 21 | | |  |  | **Championship**
May 28 | | |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | 1 | **Johns Hopkins** | 7 |  |  | | | | |  | | | | |
|  | | | | | ||
|  | 8 | Cornell | 6 |  | ||
|  | | | | |  | 1 | **Johns Hopkins** | 12 |  | |
|  | | | | | |  | | |  | |
|  | |  |  | 5 | North Carolina | 9 |  ||
|  | 5 | | | | | | **North Carolina** | 12 |  | |
|  | | | | |  | | | | | |
|  | | 4 | Army | 6 |  ||
|  | | | | |  | 1 | Johns Hopkins | 16 |  |
|  | | | | | |  | | | | | | | |  |
|  | |  |  | 2 | **Syracuse** | 17 |  |
|  | 2 | | | | | | **Syracuse** | 11 |  |  | | | | |
|  | | | | | |  | | | | |
|  | | 7 | Penn | 8 | |  |
|  | | | | |  | 2 | **Syracuse** | 12 |  |
|  | | | | | |  | | |  |
|  | |  |  | 6 | Maryland | 5 |  |
|  | | | | | | | 6 | **Maryland** | 13 |  |
|  | | | | |  | | | | |
|  | | 3 | Virginia | 4 |  |

## Box scores

### Finals

| Team | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
| **Syracuse** | 2 | 2 | 5 | 8 | **17** |
| Johns Hopkins | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 16 |
| * Syracuse scoring – Brad Kotz 5, Randy Lundblad 3, Dave Desko 2, Tim Nelson 2, Art Lux 2, Darren Lawlor, Mike Powers, Tom Korrie * Johns Hopkins scoring – Del Dressel 3, Peter Scott 3, John Krumenacker 2, Bill Cantelli 2, Willy Odenthal 2, Kirk Baugher, Brent Ciccarone, Lee Davidson, Henry Ciccarone Jr. * Shots: Johns Hopkins 50, Syracuse 48 * Saves: Syracuse Travis Solomon 21, Johns Hopkins Brian Holman 26, Larry Quinn 0 * Location: Piscataway, New Jersey (Rutgers Stadium) - 5/28/1983 * Attendance: 23,000 | | | | | |

### Semifinals

| Team | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Syracuse** | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | **12** |
| Maryland | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
| * Syracuse scoring – Art Lux 3, Mike Powers 2, Dave Desko 2, Randy Lundblad, John Schimoler, Brad Kotz, Jeff McCormick, Wayne Roemer * Maryland scoring – Jim Wilkerson 2, Tim Worstell, Tony Olmert, Mike Hubbard * Shots: Syracuse 37, Maryland 37 * Saves: Syracuse Travis Solomon 22 - Avery 1, Maryland Kevin O'Leary 11 - Bilger 1 * Location: Syracuse, New York (Carrier Dome) - 5/21/1983 * Attendance: 5,248 | | | | | |

| Team | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Johns Hopkins** | 2 | 5 | 2 | 3 | **12** |
| North Carolina | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 9 |
| * Johns Hopkins scoring – Peter Scott 3, Del Dressel 3, Henry Ciccarone Jr. 2, Bill Cantelli 2, John Krumenacker, Willy Odenthal * North Carolina scoring – Peter Voelkel 2, Bill Ness 2, David Wingate, Joe Seivold, Mike Burnett, Mac Ford, Terry Martinello * Shots: Johns Hopkins 45, North Carolina 35 * Saves: Johns Hopkins Brian Holman 15, North Carolina Tom Sears 14 - J Haus 1 * Location: Baltimore, MD (Homewood Field) - 5/21/1983 * Attendance: 3,400 | | | | | |

### Quarterfinals

| Team | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Johns Hopkins** | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | **7** |
| Cornell | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 6 |
| * Johns Hopkins scoring – Del Dressel 4, Brent Ciccarone 2, Richard Glancy * Cornell scoring – Kevin Cook 2, Nick Lantuh 2, Ken Entenmann, Matt Crowley * Shots: Johns Hopkins 33, Cornell 26 * Saves: Johns Hopkins Brian Holman 11, Cornell Vinnie Ilardi 10 * Location: Baltimore, MD (Homewood Field) - 5/19/1983 * Attendance: | | | | | |

| Team | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **North Carolina** | 2 | 2 | 2 | 6 | **12** |
| Army | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 |
| * North Carolina scoring – David Wingate 4, Peter Voelkel 2, Joe Seivold, Steve Martel, Mike Burnett, Brian Rice, Jeff Homire, Brent Voelkel * Army scoring – Frank Giordano 3, Pete Short, Eric Korvin, P.J. O’Sullivan * Shots: Army 53, North Carolina 48 * Saves: North Carolina Tom Sears 20 - Meally 3, Army Slabowski 12 * Location: West Point, New York (Michie Stadium) - 5/19/1983 * Attendance: | | | | | |

| Team | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Syracuse** | 3 | 3 | 4 | 1 | **11** |
| Pennsylvania | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 8 |
| * Syracuse scoring – Randy Lundblad 3, John Schimoler 2, Dave Desko 2, Tim Nelson, Bob Seebold, Art Lux, Wayne Roemer * Pennsylvania scoring – Michael Braver 2, Bill Morrill 2, Bob Papenfuss 2, Leo Paytas, Matt McAnaney * Shots: Syracuse 31, Pennsylvania 28 * Saves: Syracuse Travis Solomon 13, Pennsylvania Della Rocca 11 * Location: Syracuse, New York (Carrier Dome) - 5/19/1983 * Attendance: | | | | | |

| Team | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
| **Maryland** | 3 | 2 | 5 | 3 | **13** |
| Virginia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| * Maryland scoring – Mike Hubbard 3, Kevin Sullivan 2, Tony Olmert 2, Mike Hart 2, Jack Francis, Mike Ruppert, Alan McGuckian, Tim Worstell * Virginia scoring – Bill Wyker 2, Paul French 2 * Shots: Virginia 42, Maryland 40 * Saves: Maryland Kevin O'Leary 16 - Bilger 4, Virginia Meyer 13 * Location: Charlottesville, Virginia (Scott Stadium) - 5/19/1983 * Attendance: 1,710 | | | | | |

## Tournament outstanding players

* **Brad Kotz, Syracuse** (Named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player)

| Leading Scorers | GP | G | A | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Tim Nelson, Syracuse | 3 | 3 | 12 | 15 |
| Del Dressel, Johns Hopkins | 3 | 10 | 2 | 12 |
| Randy Lundblad, Syracuse | 3 | 7 | 5 | 12 |
| Brad Kotz, Syracuse | 3 | 6 | 4 | 10 |
| Art Lux, Syracuse | 3 | 8 | 2 | 8 |
| Dave Desko, Syracuse | 3 | 6 | 2 | 8 |
| Peter Scott, Johns Hopkins | 3 | 6 | 1 | 7 |
| John Krumenacker, Johns Hopkins | 3 | 3 | 4 | 7 |
| Henry Ciccarone Jr., Johns Hopkins | 3 | 3 | 4 | 7 |
| Dave Wingate, North Carolina | 2 | 5 | 1 | 6 |

## InfoBox

| 1983 NCAA Division I men's
lacrosse tournament | |
| --- | --- |
| Dates | May 18–28, 1983 |
| Teams | 8 |
| Finals site | Rutgers Stadium
Piscataway, New Jersey |
| Champions | Syracuse (1st title) |
| Runner-up | Johns Hopkins (10th title game) |
| Semifinalists | Maryland (10th Final Four)
North Carolina (4th Final Four) |
| Winning coach | Roy Simmons Jr. (1st title) |
| MOP | Brad Kotz, Syracuse |
| Attendance | 15,672 finals
35,163 total |
| Top scorer | Tim Nelson, Syracuse
(15 goals) |
| NCAA Division I men's tournaments  «1982 1984» | |


abstract: The 1984 United States presidential election in New Mexico took place on November 6, 1984. All fifty states and the District of Columbia, were part of the 1984 United States presidential election. State voters chose five electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president of the United States. New Mexico was won by incumbent United States President Ronald Reagan of California, who was running against former Vice President Walter Mondale of Minnesota. Reagan ran for a second time with incumbent Vice President former C.I.A. Director George H. W. Bush of Texas, and Mondale ran with Representative Geraldine Ferraro of New York, the first major female candidate for the vice presidency. The presidential election of 1984 was a very partisan election for New Mexico, with more than 98 percent of the electorate voting for either the Democratic or Republican parties. In typical form for the time, the highly populated counties of Bernalillo and Los Alamos turned out mainly Republican. Meanwhile, the ongoing Democratic stronghold in the northern part of the state, inclusive of Santa Fe County and Rio Arriba County, is evident during this election. New Mexico weighed in for this election as 1% more Republican than the national average. As of the 2020 presidential election, this is the last election in which Guadalupe County and the only election in which recently created Cibola County voted for a Republican presidential candidate. In addition, this is also the most recent presidential election when the Republican candidate won the state by a double-digit margin. Reagan won the election in New Mexico with a resounding 20-point sweep, making New Mexico 2.3% more Republican than the nation at large. No Republican candidate has received as strong of support in the American West at large as Reagan did.

text:
# 1984 United States presidential election in New Mexico

The **1984 United States presidential election in New Mexico** took place on November 6, 1984. All fifty states and the District of Columbia, were part of the 1984 United States presidential election. State voters chose five electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president of the United States. New Mexico was won by incumbent United States President Ronald Reagan of California, who was running against former Vice President Walter Mondale of Minnesota. Reagan ran for a second time with incumbent Vice President former C.I.A. Director George H. W. Bush of Texas, and Mondale ran with Representative Geraldine Ferraro of New York, the first major female candidate for the vice presidency.

The presidential election of 1984 was a very partisan election for New Mexico, with more than 98 percent of the electorate voting for either the Democratic or Republican parties. In typical form for the time, the highly populated counties of Bernalillo and Los Alamos turned out mainly Republican. Meanwhile, the ongoing Democratic stronghold in the northern part of the state, inclusive of Santa Fe County and Rio Arriba County, is evident during this election.

New Mexico weighed in for this election as 1% more Republican than the national average. As of the 2020 presidential election, this is the last election in which Guadalupe County and the only election in which recently created Cibola County voted for a Republican presidential candidate. In addition, this is also the most recent presidential election when the Republican candidate won the state by a double-digit margin.

Reagan won the election in New Mexico with a resounding 20-point sweep, making New Mexico 2.3% more Republican than the nation at large. No Republican candidate has received as strong of support in the American West at large as Reagan did.

## Results

1984 United States presidential election in New Mexico
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** |  | **307,101** | **59.70%** | **+4.73** |
|  | Democratic |  | 201,769 | 39.23% | +2.45 |
|  | Libertarian |  | 4,459 | 0.87% | −0.09 |
|  | Citizens |  | 455 | 0.09% | −0.39 |
|  | Socialist Workers |  | 224 | 0.07% | ±0.00 |
|  | Prohibition |  | 206 | 0.04% | −0.24 |
|  | New Alliance |  | 155 | 0.03% | N/A |
|  | Write-in | | 1 | 0.00% |  |
| Total votes | | | **514,370** | **100.00%** |  |
|  | Republican **win** | | | | |

### Results by county

| County | Ronald Reagan
Republican | | Walter Mondale
Democratic | | Various candidates
Other parties | | Margin | | Total votes cast |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | |
| Bernalillo | 104,694 | 60.08% | 67,789 | 38.90% | 1,779 | 1.02% | 36,905 | 21.18% | 174,262 |
| Catron | 970 | 68.55% | 418 | 29.54% | 27 | 1.91% | 552 | 39.01% | 1,415 |
| Chaves | 15,248 | 73.37% | 5,332 | 25.66% | 202 | 0.97% | 9,916 | 47.71% | 20,782 |
| Cibola | 3,578 | 53.09% | 3,140 | 46.59% | 22 | 0.32% | 438 | 6.50% | 6,740 |
| Colfax | 2,994 | 54.59% | 2,435 | 44.39% | 56 | 1.02% | 559 | 10.20% | 5,485 |
| Curry | 9,188 | 74.01% | 3,108 | 25.03% | 119 | 0.96% | 6,080 | 48.98% | 12,415 |
| De Baca | 756 | 65.23% | 386 | 33.30% | 17 | 1.47% | 370 | 31.93% | 1,159 |
| Dona Ana | 22,153 | 60.87% | 13,878 | 38.13% | 362 | 1.00% | 8,275 | 22.74% | 36,393 |
| Eddy | 11,810 | 60.99% | 7,364 | 38.03% | 191 | 0.98% | 4,446 | 22.96% | 19,365 |
| Grant | 4,979 | 45.93% | 5,755 | 53.09% | 106 | 0.98% | -776 | -7.16% | 10,840 |
| Guadalupe | 990 | 50.36% | 946 | 48.12% | 30 | 1.52% | 44 | 2.24% | 1,966 |
| Harding | 401 | 63.55% | 224 | 35.50% | 6 | 0.95% | 177 | 28.05% | 631 |
| Hidalgo | 1,282 | 59.32% | 860 | 39.80% | 19 | 0.88% | 422 | 19.52% | 2,161 |
| Lea | 14,569 | 75.26% | 4,558 | 23.55% | 230 | 1.19% | 10,011 | 51.71% | 19,357 |
| Lincoln | 3,992 | 77.04% | 1,134 | 21.88% | 56 | 1.08% | 2,858 | 55.16% | 5,182 |
| Los Alamos | 6,882 | 69.60% | 2,859 | 28.91% | 147 | 1.49% | 4,023 | 40.69% | 9,888 |
| Luna | 4,145 | 61.17% | 2,557 | 37.74% | 74 | 1.09% | 1,588 | 23.43% | 6,776 |
| McKinley | 6,557 | 44.78% | 7,915 | 54.05% | 171 | 1.17% | -1,358 | -9.27% | 14,643 |
| Mora | 1,017 | 44.47% | 1,235 | 54.00% | 35 | 1.53% | -218 | -9.53% | 2,287 |
| Otero | 9,751 | 69.22% | 4,167 | 29.58% | 169 | 1.20% | 5,584 | 39.64% | 14,087 |
| Quay | 2,842 | 66.82% | 1,368 | 32.17% | 43 | 1.01% | 1,474 | 34.65% | 4,253 |
| Rio Arriba | 4,116 | 36.93% | 6,938 | 62.25% | 92 | 0.82% | -2,822 | -25.32% | 11,146 |
| Roosevelt | 4,598 | 72.26% | 1,696 | 26.65% | 69 | 1.09% | 2,902 | 45.61% | 6,363 |
| San Juan | 18,690 | 66.97% | 8,963 | 32.11% | 257 | 0.92% | 9,727 | 34.86% | 27,910 |
| San Miguel | 3,485 | 39.38% | 5,227 | 59.06% | 138 | 1.56% | -1,742 | -19.68% | 8,850 |
| Sandoval | 9,005 | 55.43% | 7,080 | 43.58% | 161 | 0.99% | 36,905 | 21.18% | 16,246 |
| Santa Fe | 15,886 | 45.98% | 18,262 | 52.85% | 404 | 1.17% | -2,376 | -6.87% | 34,552 |
| Sierra | 2,663 | 66.00% | 1,335 | 33.09% | 37 | 0.91% | 1,328 | 32.91% | 4,035 |
| Socorro | 3,403 | 56.27% | 2,541 | 42.01% | 104 | 1.72% | 862 | 14.26% | 6,048 |
| Taos | 4,154 | 44.04% | 5,144 | 54.54% | 134 | 1.42% | -990 | -10.50% | 9,432 |
| Torrance | 2,326 | 64.02% | 1,274 | 35.07% | 33 | 0.91% | 1,052 | 28.95% | 3,633 |
| Union | 1,503 | 74.44% | 488 | 24.17% | 28 | 1.39% | 1,015 | 50.27% | 2,019 |
| Valencia | 8,474 | 60.32% | 5,393 | 38.39% | 182 | 1.29% | 3,081 | 21.93% | 14,049 |
| Totals | 307,101 | 59.70% | 201,769 | 39.23% | 5,500 | 1.07% | 105,332 | 20.47% | 514,370 |

#### Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic

## InfoBox

1984 United States presidential election in New Mexico
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Nominee **Ronald Reagan** Walter Mondale   Party Republican Democratic  Home state California Minnesota  Running mate **George H. W. Bush** Geraldine Ferraro  Electoral vote **5** 0  Popular vote **307,101** 201,769  Percentage **59.70%** 39.23% | |
| ---  County Results | |
| ---  **President before election**
Ronald Reagan
Republican **Elected President**
Ronald Reagan
Republican | |


title: Ellison Bay, Wisconsin

abstract: Ellison Bay is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in northern Door County, Wisconsin, United States, within the town of Liberty Grove and is located on Highway 42 along the Green Bay. As of the 2020 census, its population is 249. Sur La Baie, one of Wisconsin's largest and most expensive homes, is located nearby.

text:
# Ellison Bay, Wisconsin

**Ellison Bay** is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in northern Door County, Wisconsin, United States, within the town of Liberty Grove and is located on Highway 42 along the Green Bay. As of the 2020 census, its population is 249. Sur La Baie, one of Wisconsin's largest and most expensive homes, is located nearby.

## History

A Native American name for the bay was Joe-Sahbe Bay, after a son of the Potowatomi Chief Neatoshing, who was also known as Mishicott. Joe-Sahbe means "Feather of the rolling cloud".

The community was founded in 1872 by John Eliasen, a Danish immigrant. Lumber and fishing were important businesses in the 19th century, replaced by fruit growing in the early 20th century, and today tourism is the main business.

## Education

Gibraltar Area Schools serves the community. Gibraltar Elementary School and Gibraltar Secondary School are the two schools.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2010 | 165 |  |  |
| 2020 | 249 |  | 50.9% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

## Attractions

Important attractions include The Clearing, a private center for adult education that was originally established by Jens Jensen, a prominent landscape architect. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other attractions include the Mink River four miles south, Turtle Ridge Gallery, a cooking school, former Church turned Asian art gallery turned coffee shop, and pottery studios.

### Ellison Bluff

Ellison Bluff County Park includes a scenic hiking trail, a picnic area, and a fenced catwalk. The bluff area has wildflowers and trees. One cedar was found to be over 250 years old. Rough-winged swallows hunt for insects along the bluff. Other birds seen at the park include American redstart, great-crested flycatcher, broad-winged hawk, wood thrush, scarlet tanager, yellow-throated vireo, and pileated woodpecker. 170 acres of the park is protected as the Ellison Bluff State Natural Area.

## 2006 explosion

On July 10, 2006, an explosion leveled the 136-year-old Pioneer Store, killing two vacationers and injuring 13 others. The blast also burned down one cottage and damaged another. It is believed a propane gas leak caused the explosion, which may have resulted from a contractor damaging unmarked underground propane lines.

## Climate

| Ellison Bay   Climate chart (explanation)   Imperial conversion  J F M A M J J A S O N D  2.5     19 10       2     12 3       1.9     34 18       3.8     37 32       3.4     54 39       3.6     61 46       4.1     68 61       3.8     66 61       3.8     64 57       4.2     48 43       3.1     43 37       2.2     36 30   Average max. and min. temperatures in °F  Precipitation totals in inches |
| --- |

## Sources

## InfoBox

| Ellison Bay, Wisconsin | |
| --- | --- |
| Census-designated place | |
| Looking south at downtown Ellison Bay on WIS 42 | |
| Ellison BayLocation within the state of Wisconsin | |
| Coordinates: 45°15′17″N 87°04′17″W / 45.25472°N 87.07139°W / 45.25472; -87.07139 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Wisconsin |
| County | Door |
| Town | Liberty Grove |
| Founded | 1872 |
| Area | |
| Total | 2.662 sq mi (6.89 km2) |
| Land | 2.662 sq mi (6.89 km2) |
| Water | 0 sq mi (0 km2) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 249 |
| Density | 94/sq mi (36/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP Code | 54210 |
| Area code | 920 |


title: Archaeological Museum of Marathon

abstract: The Archeological Museum of Marathon is a museum in Marathon, Attica, Greece. The museum mainly houses findings originating from the Battle of Marathon and from the Egyptian temple built nearby.

text:
# Archaeological Museum of Marathon

The **Archeological Museum of Marathon** is a museum in Marathon, Attica, Greece. The museum mainly houses findings originating from the Battle of Marathon and from the Egyptian temple built nearby.

38°07′19″N 23°56′48″E / 38.1219°N 23.9467°E / 38.1219; 23.9467

## InfoBox

Archaeological Museum of Marathon
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Established | 1975 |
| Location | 114, Platon avenue, Varnavas, Marathon, Greece \- <br>Λ. Πλαταιών 114, Βρανάς |
| Type | Archaeological |


title: Anacrusis rhizosema

abstract: Anacrusis rhizosema is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Brazil in the states of Santa Catarina and São Paulo.

text:
# Anacrusis rhizosema

***Anacrusis rhizosema*** is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Brazil in the states of Santa Catarina and São Paulo.

## InfoBox

| *Anacrusis rhizosema* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Tortricidae |
| Genus: | *Anacrusis* |
| Species: | ***A. rhizosema*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Anacrusis rhizosema***<br>(Meyrick, 1931) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Eulia rhizosema* Meyrick, 1931 | |


# 1958 Society of Film and Television Arts Television Awards

The 1958 Guild of Television Producers and Directors Awards were the fourth annual giving of the awards which later became known as the British Academy Television Awards. This year saw the expansion of the Awards from their initial four categories to seven. It was the final occasion upon which the Awards were given by the Guild, as the following year the organisation merged with the British Film Academy to form the Society of Film and Television Arts.

## Winners

## InfoBox

| Society of Film and Television Arts Television Awards | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | 1958 |
| Highlights | |
| Best Actor | Michael Hordern |
|