title: Anzen Chitai

abstract: Anzen Chitai is a Japanese rock band, formed in 1973 by five musicians in Asahikawa, Hokkaido. After debuting in Tokyo in 1982, they became one of Japan's most successful rock bands of the 1980s.

text:
# Anzen Chitai

| Anzen Chitai | |
| --- | --- |
| YouTube information | |
| Channel |  |
| Years active | 2021 - |
| Subscribers | 57.5k |
| Total views | 35,127,129 million times |
| ---  *Last updated:* January 15, 2024 | |

**Anzen Chitai** (安全地帯, literally "Safety Zone") is a Japanese rock band, formed in 1973 by five musicians in Asahikawa, Hokkaido. After debuting in Tokyo in 1982, they became one of Japan's most successful rock bands of the 1980s.

## History

### 1970s: Beginnings

Formed in 1973 as the high-school garage band **Invader** in Asahikawa, Hokkaido, its original members included vocalist Koji Tamaki, guitarist Yutaka Takezawa and guitarist/keyboardist Toshiya Takezawa, who is also Yutaka's brother. Later, in late 1973, Koji's brother and drummer, Kazuyoshi Tamaki and bassist Takahiro Miyashita joined. In 1977, the band changed its name to Anzen Chitai ("Safety Zone"), and Kazuyoshi Tamaki left the group to be replaced by Ichiji Ohira. By December 1977, Anzen Chitai merged with another band, the Haruyoshi Rokudo Band (六土開正バンド, *Rokudō Haruyoshi Bando*), and added three more members: bassist Haruyoshi Rokudo, guitarist Wataru Yahagi, and drummer Yuji Tanaka. By this point, they had expanded to an eight-member group. Within the next three years, Toshiya Takezawa and Takahiro Miyashita left. Yuji Tanaka also left at this point.

### 1980s: Commercial success

In 1981, they began work as a backup band for singer-songwriter Yōsui Inoue, and released their debut single, "Moegi Iro no Snap" (萠黄色のスナップ, *Moegi Iro no Sunappu*) under the Kitty Records in February 1982. However, the final personnel change occurred as Ichiji Ohira left, and Yuji Tanaka returned in his place, establishing the current lineup.

Under the guidance of their producer and co-arranger Masaru Hoshi (星 勝, *Hoshi Masaru*), lead guitarist and vocalist of the psychedelic rock group The Mops, the band continued to refine their craft in the studio. Their status as a backup band soon changed: in 1984, "Wine Red no Kokoro" (ワインレッドの心, *Wain Reddo No Kokoro*, lit. Wine Red Heart) reached No. 1 on the Oricon charts, to be followed by among others, "Kanashimi ni Sayonara" (悲しみにさよなら) and "Suki Sa" (好きさ) (featured on the popular Rumiko Takahashi anime series *Maison Ikkoku*). "Wine Red no Kokoro" was composed by Koji Tamaki with lyrics by Yōsui Inoue. Koji Tamaki was credited as the sole composer in virtually all of Anzen Chitai's music, with Gorō Matsui being the lyricist frequently. Their popularity in the 1980s culminated in a five-day sold-out concert tour at the Nippon Budokan in 1987, which had a total attendance of 60,000. They also held concerts outside Japan, including concerts in Hong Kong Coliseum.

### 1990s and 2000s: Frequent hiatuses

Despite a couple of hiatuses for the sake of solo careers (July 1988-March 1990, 1993–2001), Anzen Chitai continued to record and tour. A new studio album was released in October 2003, titled *Anzen Chitai X* (their tenth studio album). After their Japanese concert tour in support of the "Anzen Chitai X" album, the band announced at the end of 2003 that they are taking yet another indefinite hiatus.

In 2006, Koji Tamaki remained active as a solo performer and television actor, with Wataru Yahagi performing in both his solo albums and concerts. Yutaka Takezawa was also active in the music business as a composer, producer, arranger and session guitarist.

On April 28, 2008, fan club members were notified that Tamaki had announced his retirement from music, as well as the closing of the official Koji Tamaki & Anzenchitai fan club, Star. Illness requiring long-term treatment was cited as the reason for as his decision.

During the second half of 2009, the band held secret meetings and decided to regroup. Similar to their amateur days, band members lodged together to practise and compose music.

### 2010–present: Returning from hiatus

On January 8, 2010, the band announced the resumption of their career along with making appearance on the television program *Tokudane!*. Switching back to Universal Music Japan (which has absorbed their former label Kitty Records and is the distributor of their pre-Sony Music Japan catalog) as their record label, a music video for their new single "Aoi Bara" was released. Their double A-side single "Aoi Bara/Wine Red no Kokoro (2010 version)" was released on March 3, 2010. Tamaki wrote the lyrics and music of "Aoi Bara." The single debuted at #9 on Oricon weekly charts, becoming their first Top 10 single in 21 years and 6 months since "Hohoemi ni Kanpai" in 1988.

Anzen Chitai released *Anzenchitai XI Starts "Mata ne..."*, their first album in nearly seven years, on May 26, 2010. They then released *Anzen Chitai Hits* on June 30, 2010. This album encapsulated the rerecorded versions of their singles throughout the 1980s. Their next studio album, *Anzenchitai XII*, was released on September 14, 2011, quickly followed by *Anzenchitai XIII Junk* just months later on November 16, 2011. The band's fourteenth studio album, *Anzenchitai XIV ~The Saltmoderate Show~*, was released on March 16, 2013.

On December 23, 2022, it was announced that drummer Yuji Tanaka had died on December 17, at the age of 65.

## Members

### Current members

* Koji Tamaki (玉置浩二, *Tamaki Kōji*) \- vocals, guitars, percussion (1973–present)
* Yutaka Takezawa (武沢豊, *Takezawa Yutaka*) \- guitars (1973–present)
* Wataru Yahagi (矢萩渉, *Yahagi Wataru*) \- guitars (1977–present)
* Haruyoshi Rokudo (六土開正, *Rokudō Haruyoshi*) bass, piano, keyboards (1977–present)

### Former members

* Toshiya Takezawa (武沢俊也, *Takezawa Toshiya*) \- guitars, keyboards (1973–1981)
* Takahiro Miyashita (宮下隆宏, *Miyashita Takahiro*) \- bass (1973–1978)
* Kazuyoshi Tamaki (玉置一芳, *Tamaki Kazuyoshi*) \- drums (1973–1977)
* Ichiji Ohira (大平市治, *Ōhira Ichiji*) \- drums (1977–1982)
* Yuji Tanaka (田中裕二, *Tanaka Yūji*) \- drums (1977–1978, 1982–2022; his death)

## Discography

### Singles

| Year | Album | Chart positions
(JP) | Label |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1982 | "Moegi'iro no Snap" (萠黄色のスナップ) | - | Kitty Records |
| | "On My Way" (オン・マイ・ウェイ) | - | |
| 1983 | "ラスベガス・タイフーン" (ラスベガス・タイフーン) | - | |
| | "Wine Red no Kokoro" (ワインレッドの心) | **1** | |
| 1984 | "Mayonaka Sugi no Koi" (真夜中すぎの恋) | 20 | |
| | "Masquerade" (マスカレード) | 59 | |
| | "Koi no Yokan" (恋の予感) | 3 | |
| 1985 | "Nesshisen" (熱視線) | 2 | |
| | "Kanashimi ni Sayonara" (悲しみにさよなら) | **1** | |
| | "Aoi Hitomi no Eris" (碧い瞳のエリス) | 2 | |
| 1986 | | "Prussian Blue no Shouzou" (プルシアンブルーの肖像) | |
| | "Natsu no Owari no Harmony" (夏の終りのハーモニー) | 6 | |
| | "Friend" | 7 | |
| | "Suki sa" (好きさ) | 4 | |
| 1987 | "Jirettai" (じれったい) | 2 | |
| | "Juliet" | 7 | |
| 1988 | "Tsuki ni Nureta Futari" (月に濡れたふたり) | 13 | |
| | "I Love You Kara Hajimeyou" (I Love You からはじめよう) | 14 | |
| | "Hohoemi ni Kanpai" (微笑みに乾杯) | 6 | |
| 1990 | "Jounetsu" (情熱) | 31 | |
| 1991 | "Itsumo Kimi no Soba ni" (いつも君のそばに) | 16 | |
| 1992 | "Ano Koro e" (あの頃へ) | 23 | |
| 1993 | "Hitoribocchi no Yell" (ひとりぼっちのエール) | 14 | |
| 2002 | "Deai" (出逢い) | 20 | Sony Music Records |
| | "Hansei / Ano Koro e" (反省 / あの頃へ) | 57 | |
| 2003 | "Ame Nochi Hare / Chocolate" (雨のち晴れ / ショコラ) | 40 | |
| 2010 | "Aoi Bara / Wine Red no Kokoro (2010 Version)" (蒼いバラ / ワインレッドの心) | 9 | Universal Music Japan |
| | "Orange / Koi no Yokan (2010 Version)" (オレンジ / 恋の予感) | 17 | |
| 2011 | "Kekkai / Denen" (結界 / 田園) | 59 | |
| 2022 | "Ai no Senyuu" (愛の戦友) | 18 | Nippon Columbia |
| | "Anata ga Dokoka de" (あなたがどこかで) | 27 | |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart. | | | |

### Albums

#### Studio albums

| Title | Album details | Peak
chart
positions | Certifications |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | JPN
Oricon
 | |
| "Anzen Chitai I Remember to Remember" (安全地帯 I Remember to Remember) | * Released: 25/01/1983 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: CD, LP, Cassette tape, digital download, streaming | 22 |  |
| "安全地帯 II" (安全地帯 II) | * Released: 01/05/1984 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: CD, LP, Cassette tape, digital download, streaming | 2 |  |
| "Anzen Chitai III: Dakishimetai" (安全地帯 III 〜抱きしめたい) | * Released: 01/12/1984 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: CD, LP, Cassette tape, digital download, streaming | 3 |  |
| "Anzen Chitai IV" (安全地帯 IV) | * Released: 24/11/1985 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: CD, LP, Cassette tape, digital download, streaming | **1** | International Platinum Disc |
| "Anzen Chitai V" (安全地帯 V) | * Released: 14/12/1986 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: CD, LP, Cassette tape | **1** |  |
| "Anzen Chitai VI: Tsuki ni Nureta Futari" (安全地帯 VI〜月に濡れたふたり) | * Released: 10/04/1988 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: CD, LP, Cassette tape, digital download, streaming | **1** | International Gold Disc |
| "Anzen Chitai VII: Yume no Miyako" (安全地帯 VII〜夢の都) | * Released: 25/07/1990 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: CD, Cassette tape, digital download, streaming | 2 |  |
| "Anzen Chitai VIII: Taiyou" (安全地帯 VIII〜太陽) | * Released: 11/12/1991 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: CD, Cassette tape, digital download, streaming | 7 |  |
| "Anzen Chitai IX" (安全地帯 IX) | * Released: 07/08/2002 * Label: Sony Music Records * Formats: CD, Cassette tape, digital download, streaming | 13 |  |
| "Anzen Chitai X: Ame Nochi Hare" (安全地帯 X 〜雨のち晴れ〜) |  | 20 |  |
| "Anzen Chitai XI ☆STARTS☆ "Mata ne...." " (安全地帯 XI ☆STARTS☆「またね…。」) |  | 3 |  |
| "Anzen Chitai XII" (安全地帯 XII) |  | 10 |  |
| "Anzen Chitai XIII Junk" (安全地帯 XIII) |  | 18 |  |
| "Anzen Chitai XIV: The Saltmoderate Show" (安全地帯 XIV) | * Released: 06/03/2013 * Label: Saltmoderate * Formats: CD, digital download, streaming | 38 |  |
|

#### Live albums

| Title | Album details | Peak
chart
positions |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | | JPN
Oricon
 |
| "Endless" | * Released: 25/04/1984 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: CD, LP, Cassette tape, digital download | - |
| "Stardust Randevu Inoue Yousui/Anzen Chitai Live at Jinguu" (スターダスト・ランデヴー井上陽水・安全地帯LIVE AT 神宮) | * Released: 5/11/1986 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: CD, LP, Cassette tape, digital download | - |
| "Anzen Chitai Live" (安全地帯LIVE) | * Released: 10/06/1987 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: CD, LP, Cassette tape, digital download | - |
| "ONE NIGHT THEATER 1985" | * Released: 19/08/1998 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: CD, digital download | - |
| "Anzen Chitai VI Live: Tsuki ni Nureta Futari" (安全地帯VI LIVE 〜月に濡れたふたり〜) |  | 99 |
| "Anzen Chitai Kanzen Fukkatsu Concert Tour 2010 Special at Nippon Budoukan: Start & Hits "Mata Ne" " (安全地帯 “完全復活” コンサートツアー2010 Special at 日本武道館 〜Start & Hits〜「またね…。」) |  | 94 |
| "Anzen Chitai in Koushien Kyuujou Sayonara Game" (安全地帯 IN 甲子園球場「さよならゲーム」) | * Released: 10/08/2020 * Label: Nippon Columbia * Formats: CD, digital download, streaming | 21 |
| "All The Time Best 35: 35th Anniversary Tour 2017 Live in Nippon Budoukan" (ALL TIME BEST「35」 ～35th Anniversary Tour 2017～ LIVE IN 日本武道館) | * Released: 12/01/2022 * Label: Nippon Columbia * Formats: CD, digital download, streaming | 30 |
| "Anzen Chitai 40th Anniversary Concert Just Keep Going! Tokyo Garden Theater" (安全地帯 40th ANNIVERSARY CONCERT "Just Keep Going!"Tokyo Garden Theater) | * Released: 21/02/2024 * Label: Nippon Columbia * Formats: CD, digital download, streaming | 35 |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart. | | | |

#### Self-cover albums

| Title | Album details | Peak
chart
positions |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | | JPN
Oricon
 |
| "Anzen Chitai. Hits" (安全地帯 Hit) | * Released: 30/06/2010 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: CD, digital download, streaming | 14 |
| "The Ballad House: Just Old Fashioned Love Songs" (*The Ballad House〜Just Old Fashioned Love Songs〜*) | * Released: 22/08/2012 * Label: Saltmoderate * Formats: CD, digital download | 27 |
|

#### Soundtrack albums

| Title | Album details | Peak
chart
positions |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | | JPN
Oricon
 |
| "Prussian Blue no Shouzou Original Soundtrack" (プルシアンブルーの肖像 オリジナル・サウンドトラック) | * Released: 10/08/1986 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: CD, LP, Cassette tape | 4 |
|

#### Compilation albums

| Title | Album details | Peak
chart
positions | Certifications |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | JPN
Oricon
 | |
| "I Love you kara hajimeyou: Anzen Chitai Best" (I Love Youからはじめよう -安全地帯BEST-) | * Released: 10/12/1988 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: CD, LP, Cassette tape, digital download | 4 | International Platinum Disc |
| "Anzen Chitai Best 2: Hitori Bocchi no Yell" (安全地帯ベスト2 〜ひとりぼっちのエール〜) | * Released: 25/08/1993 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: CD, Cassette tape, digital download | 10 |  |
| "Anzen Chitai/Tamaki Koji Best" (安全地帯/玉置浩二 ベスト) | * Released: 25/08/1994 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: CD, digital download | - |  |
| "Anzen Chitai Another Collection: Album Mishuuroku Kyokushuu" (安全地帯 アナザー・コレクション -アルバム未収録曲集-) | * Released: 24/09/1994 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: CD, digital download, streaming | - |  |
| "Anzen Chitai Theme Songs" (安全地帯 テーマソングス) |  | - |  |
| "Memories: Anzen Chitai Ballad Selection" (memories〜安全地帯バラードセレクション) |  | - |  |
| "Treasure Collection" |  | - |  |
| "The Very Best of Anzen Chitai" (THE VERY BEST of 安全地帯) |  | - |  |
| "Goro Matsui & Koji Tamaki Ballad Collection: Only You" |  | - |  |
| "Anzen Chitai Complete Best" (安全地帯 COMPLETE BEST) |  | - |  |
| "Anzen Chitai Golden Best" (安全地帯 ゴールデン☆ベスト) |  | 156 |  |
| "All Time Best" |  | 9 |  |
| "Anzen Chitai Best" (安全地帯ベスト) | * Released: 20/09/2019 * Label: Stereo Sound Publishing * Formats: LP, SACD | - |  |
| "Anzen Chitai Best No.2" (安全地帯ベスト 第2弾) | * Released: 27/02/2020 * Label: Stereo Sound Publishing * Formats: LP | - |  |
| "The Best Album 40th Anniversary: And Koro he" (THE BEST ALBUM 40th ANNIVERSARY 〜あの頃へ〜) |  | 24 |  |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart. | | | |

#### Box sets

| Title | Album details | Peak
chart
positions |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | | JPN
Oricon
 |
| "Anzen Chitai Memorial Collection" (安全地帯 メモリアル・コレクション) |  | - |
| "Anzen Chitai Box 1982-1993" (安全地帯BOX 1982-1993) |  | - |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart. | | | |

### Video albums

| Title | Album details | Peak
chart
positions |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | | JPN
Oricon
 |
| "Anzen Chitai '84 Summer Yori We're Alive" (安全地帯ライヴ'84サマーツアーより We're ALIVE) | * Released: 25/10/1984 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: VHS, LD, DVD, VHD, Betamax | - |
| "One Night Theater Yokohama Stadium Live 1985" (ONE NIGHT THEATER 横浜スタジアム・ライブ1985) | * Released: 21/12/1985 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: VHS, LD, DVD, VHD, Betamax | - |
| "Stardust Rendez-vous Yousui Inoue: Anne Chitai Live at Jingū Kyūjō (スターダスト・ランデブー井上陽水・安全地帯 LIVE at 神宮球場) | * Released: 21/11/1986 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: VHS, LD, DVD, VHD, Betamax | - |
| "To Me Anzen Chitai Live" (To me 安全地帯LIVE) | * Released: 21/06/1987 * Label: Kitty Records * Formats: VHS, LD, DVD, VHD, Betamax | - |
| "Anzen Chitai Document I Love You kara HAjimeyou Nippon Budoukan Live" (安全地帯ドキュメントI LOVE YOUからはじめよう 日本武道館ライブ) |  | - |
| "Anzen Chitai Unplugged Live" (安全地帯アンプラグド・ライヴ!) |  | - |
| "Anzen Chitai Video Best" (安全地帯ビデオ・ベスト) |  | - |
| "Anzen Chitai Kanzen Fukkatsu Concert Tour 2010 Special at Nippon Budoukan: Start & Hits "Mata Ne" " (安全地帯 “完全復活” コンサートツアー2010 Special at 日本武道館 〜Start & Hits〜「またね…。」) |  | - |
| "30th Anniversary Concert "The Ballad House" |  | 13 |
| "ANZENCHITAI & KOJI TAMAKI RARE ARCHIVE 2012" |  | - |
| "30th Anniversary Concert Tour Encore “The Saltmoderate Show" " |  | - |
| "Anzen Chitai Asia Tour 2013" (安全地帯 ASIA TOUR 2013) |  | - |
| "All The Time Best 35: 35th Anniversary Tour 2017 Live in Nippon Budoukan" (ALL TIME BEST「35」 ～35th Anniversary Tour 2017～ LIVE IN 日本武道館) |  | 9 (DVD)
11 (BD) |
| "Anzen Chitai in Koushien Kyuujou Sayonara Game" (安全地帯 IN 甲子園球場「さよならゲーム」) |  | 13 (Blu-Ray)
16 (DVD) |
| "Live Collection 1984-2010: And Koro He" (LIVE COLLECTION 1984-2010 ～あの頃へ～) |  | 9 |
| "Anzen Chitai 40th Anniversary Concert Just Keep Going! Tokyo Garden Theater" (安全地帯 40th ANNIVERSARY CONCERT“Just Keep Going!”Tokyo Garden Theater) |  | 4 |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart. | | | |

## InfoBox

| Anzen Chitai | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan |
| Genres | Rock |
| Years active | 1973–1988, 1990–1992, 2002–2003, 2009–present |
| Labels | Sony Music Entertainment Japan, Kitty Records, Universal Music Group |
|  | |
| Members | Koji Tamaki
Yutaka Takezawa
Wataru Yahagi
Haruyoshi Rokudo |
|  | |
| Past members | Toshiya Takezawa
Takahiro Miyashita
Kazuyoshi Tamaki
Ichiji Ohira
Yuji Tanaka |
|  | |
| Website |  |


title: Apalachicola waterdog

abstract: The Apalachicola waterdog is a species of aquatic salamander in the family Proteidae. It is endemic to the south-eastern United States.

text:
# Apalachicola waterdog

The **Apalachicola waterdog** (***Necturus moleri***) is a species of aquatic salamander in the family Proteidae. It is endemic to the south-eastern United States.

## Taxonomy

It was formerly thought to be a lineage of the Gulf Coast waterdog (*N. beyeri*), but a 2020 analysis found sufficient morphological and genetic divergence for it to be considered its own species, and it was thus described as its own species, *N. moleri* (alongside the Escambia waterdog, *N. mounti*). The specific epithet honors American herpetologist Paul E. Moler.

## Distribution

It is found in southeastern Alabama, the Panhandle of Florida, and southwestern to north-central Georgia. It is found in the Apalachicola, Chipola, Choctawhatchee/Pea, Econfina, and Ochlockonee river basins.

## Description

In contrast to *N. beyeri*, it is small in size, weakly spotted, and has an unstriped larva that lacks the numerous white spots of *N. beyeri*. It shares these phenotypic traits with *N. mounti*, although it is genetically distinct.

## InfoBox

| Apalachicola waterdog | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Urodela |
| Family: | Proteidae |
| Genus: | *Necturus* |
| Species: | ***N. moleri*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Necturus moleri***<br>Guyer *et al.*, 2020 | |
|


title: Ellen Frances Burpee Farr

abstract: Ellen Frances Burpee Farr (1840-1907) was an American painter. She was one of the early women artists in California where she painted local flora and landscapes.

text:
# Ellen Frances Burpee Farr

**Ellen Frances Burpee Farr** (1840-1907) was an American painter. She was one of the early women artists in California where she painted local flora and landscapes.

## Biography

Farr née Burpee was born on November 14, 1840 in New Hampton, New Hampshire. She studied at the New Hampton Institution and the Thetford Academy in Vermont. She then taught drawing at the New Hampton Institution.

On May 19, 1861, she married Evarts Worcester Farr with whom she had three children. He was a member of the Second Regiment Volunteers in the Union Army, fighting in the Civil War for four years. He went on to become a member of the United States House of Representatives. He died in 1880.

Farr moved to Boston in 1883, moving again to Pasadena, California around 1890. In California her subject matter included Pasadena area missions, pepper trees, and Indian baskets.

Farr exhibited her work at the California State Building at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, Illinois. She also worked with California Board of Lady Managers at the Exposition.

Farr was a member of the Boston Art Club, where she also exhibited. She showed her paintings at the California State Fair as well.

Farr died on January 5, 1907, while in Naples, Italy

Her work is in the Washington County Historical Society in Pennsylvania and the Littleton, New Hampshire Public Library.

## Further reading

Media related to Ellen Frances Burpee Farr at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Ellen Frances Burpee Farr | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Ellen Frances Burpee
(1840-11-14)November 14, 1840
New Hampton, New Hampshire |
| Died | January 5, 1907(1907-01-05) (aged 66)
Naples, Italy |
| Nationality | American |
| Known for | Painting |
| Spouse | Evarts Worcester Farr  (m. 18611880) his death |


title: Aoupinieta

abstract: Aoupinieta is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Tortricinae of the family Tortricidae.

text:
# Aoupinieta

***Aoupinieta*** is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Tortricinae of the family Tortricidae.

## Species

## Etymology

The generic name refers to Mount Aopinie, the type locality of the type-species.

* Razowski, J., 2013: Leaf-rollers from New Caledonia (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). *Shilap Revista de Lepidopterologia* **41 (161)**: 69–93. Full article: .

## InfoBox

| *Aoupinieta* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Tortricidae |
| Tribe: | Archipini |
| Genus: | *Aoupinieta*<br>Razowski, 2012 |
|


title: Aoupinieta hollowayi

abstract: Aoupinieta hollowayi is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in New Caledonia. The habitat consists of rainforests, where it has been recorded at altitudes between 250 metres (820 ft) and 520 metres (1,710 ft). The wingspan is about 23 millimetres (0.91 in).

text:
# Aoupinieta hollowayi

***Aoupinieta hollowayi*** is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in New Caledonia. The habitat consists of rainforests, where it has been recorded at altitudes between 250 metres (820 ft) and 520 metres (1,710 ft).

The wingspan is about 23 millimetres (0.91 in).

## InfoBox

| *Aoupinieta hollowayi* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Tortricidae |
| Genus: | *Aoupinieta* |
| Species: | ***A. hollowayi*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Aoupinieta hollowayi***<br>Razowski, 2012 | |
|


title: 1983 Green Bay Packers season

abstract: The 1983 Green Bay Packers season was their 65th season overall and their 63rd in the National Football League. The team finished with an 8–8 record under ninth-year head coach Bart Starr to finish second in the NFC Central division. The team set an NFL record for most overtime games played in one season with five, winning two and losing three. On Monday Night Football in October, Green Bay defeated the Washington Redskins, 48–47, in what was at the time the highest-scoring game in MNF history. It was voted one of the ten best Packer games and is featured on the NFL Films collection, "The Green Bay Packers Greatest Games." Green Bay hovered around the.500 mark all season. Entering their final regular season game on December 18 at Chicago, the Packers (8–7) could secure a playoff berth with a victory. Green Bay scored a touchdown to take a one-point lead with just over three minutes in the game, and Chicago running back Walter Payton was sidelined with a wrist injury. The Bears returned the kickoff to their 38 and drove fifty yards, down to the Packer twelve, with 1:17 remaining. Although Green Bay had all three of its timeouts, they opted not to use any, and the Bears kicked a winning 22-yard field goal with ten seconds on the clock. Green Bay fumbled away the ensuing kickoff, and the Los Angeles Rams (9–7) gained the final playoff slot. Starr was fired the following day by team president Robert Parins, ending a 26-year association with the team as a player and coach. Former player Forrest Gregg, the head coach of the Cincinnati Bengals, was hired before the end of the week, announced on Christmas Eve. Gregg had led the Bengals to Super Bowl XVI two years earlier, but had less success in his four seasons in Green Bay, then left for his alma mater SMU in Dallas in January 1988.

text:
# 1983 Green Bay Packers season

The **1983 Green Bay Packers season** was their 65th season overall and their 63rd in the National Football League. The team finished with an 8–8 record under ninth-year head coach Bart Starr to finish second in the NFC Central division. The team set an NFL record for most overtime games played in one season with five, winning two and losing three. On *Monday Night Football* in October, Green Bay defeated the Washington Redskins, 48–47, in what was at the time the highest-scoring game in MNF history. It was voted one of the ten best Packer games and is featured on the NFL Films collection, "The Green Bay Packers Greatest Games."

Green Bay hovered around the .500 mark all season. Entering their final regular season game on December 18 at Chicago, the Packers (8–7) could secure a playoff berth with a victory. Green Bay scored a touchdown to take a one-point lead with just over three minutes in the game, and Chicago running back Walter Payton was sidelined with a wrist injury. The Bears returned the kickoff to their 38 and drove fifty yards, down to the Packer twelve, with 1:17 remaining. Although Green Bay had all three of its timeouts, they opted not to use any, and the Bears kicked a winning 22-yard field goal with ten seconds on the clock. Green Bay fumbled away the ensuing kickoff, and the Los Angeles Rams (9–7) gained the final playoff slot.

Starr was fired the following day by team president Robert Parins, ending a 26-year association with the team as a player and coach. Former player Forrest Gregg, the head coach of the Cincinnati Bengals, was hired before the end of the week, announced on Christmas Eve. Gregg had led the Bengals to Super Bowl XVI two years earlier, but had less success in his four seasons in Green Bay, then left for his alma mater SMU in Dallas in January 1988.

## Offseason

### NFL draft

| **1983 Green Bay Packers draft** | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Round | Pick | Player | Position | College | Notes |
| 1 | 11 | Tim Lewis | Cornerback | Pittsburgh |  |
| 2 | 48 | Dave Drechsler | Guard | North Carolina |  |
| 4 | 104 | Mike Miller | Wide receiver | Tennessee |  |
| 5 | 132 | Brian Thomas | Running back | Pittsburgh |  |
| 6 | 160 | Ron Sams | Guard | Pittsburgh |  |
| 7 | 188 | Jessie Clark | Running back | Arkansas |  |
| 8 | 216 | Carlton Briscoe | Running back | McNeese State |  |
| 9 | 243 | Robin Ham | Center | West Texas State |  |
| 10 | 253 | Byron Williams | Wide receiver | Texas–Arlington |  |
| 10 | 271 | Jimmy Thomas | Defensive back | Indiana |  |
| 11 | 299 | Bucky Scribner | Punter | Kansas |  |
| 12 | 327 | John Harvey | Linebacker | USC |  |
| Made roster | | | | | |

### Undrafted free agents

1983 Undrafted free agents of note
| Player | Position | College |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Tom Bishop | Defensive end | Asland |
| Jim Ettari | Nose tackle | The Citadel |
| Joe Rudzinski | Linebacker | Notre Dame |

## Personnel

### Staff

**1983 Green Bay Packers staff**
|  | **Front office**
**Head coaches**
**Offensive coaches** |  |  | **Defensive coaches** **Special teams coaches**

 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

### Roster

**1983 Green Bay Packers final roster**
|  | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Quarterbacks** **Running backs**
**Wide receivers**
**Tight ends** |  | **Offensive linemen** **Defensive linemen** |  | **Linebackers** **Defensive backs**
**Special teams** |  | **Practice squad** **Reserve lists**

*Rookies in italics*
00 active, 0 practice squad |

## Preseason

| Week | Date | Opponent | Result | Record | Venue | Recap |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | August 6 | Cleveland Browns | **L** 20–21 | 0-1 | Lambeau Field | Recap |
| 2 | August 12 | at Seattle Seahawks | **L** 21–28 | 0-2 | Kingdome | Recap |
| 3 | August 20 | at Philadelphia Eagles | **L** 14–27 | 0-3 | Veterans Stadium | Recap |
| 4 | August 27 | St. Louis Cardinals | **W** 39–27 | 1-3 | Lambeau Field | Recap |

## Regular season

### Schedule

| Week | Date | Opponent | Result | Record | Venue | Attendance | Recap |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | September 4 | at Houston Oilers | **W** 41–38 (OT) | 1–0 | Astrodome | 44,073 | Recap |
| 2 | September 11 | Pittsburgh Steelers | **L** 21–25 | 1–1 | Lambeau Field | 55,154 | Recap |
| 3 | September 18 | Los Angeles Rams | **W** 27–24 | 2–1 | Milwaukee County Stadium | 54,037 | Recap |
| 4 | September 26 | at New York Giants | **L** 3–27 | 2–2 | Giants Stadium | 75,308 | Recap |
| 5 | October 2 | **Tampa Bay Buccaneers** | **W** 55–14 | 3–2 | Lambeau Field | 54,272 | Recap |
| 6 | October 9 | at **Detroit Lions** | **L** 14–38 | 3–3 | Pontiac Silverdome | 67,738 | Recap |
| 7 | October 17 | Washington Redskins | **W** 48–47 | 4–3 | Lambeau Field | 55,255 | Recap |
| 8 | October 23 | **Minnesota Vikings** | **L** 17–20 (OT) | 4–4 | Lambeau Field | 55,236 | Recap |
| 9 | October 30 | at Cincinnati Bengals | **L** 14–34 | 4–5 | Riverfront Stadium | 53,349 | Recap |
| 10 | November 6 | Cleveland Browns | **W** 35–21 | 5–5 | Milwaukee County Stadium | 54,089 | Recap |
| 11 | November 13 | at **Minnesota Vikings** | **W** 29–21 | 6–5 | Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome | 60,113 | Recap |
| 12 | November 20 | **Detroit Lions** | **L** 20–23 (OT) | 6–6 | Milwaukee County Stadium | 50,050 | Recap |
| 13 | November 27 | at Atlanta Falcons | **L** 41–47 (OT) | 6–7 | Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium | 35,688 | Recap |
| 14 | December 4 | **Chicago Bears** | **W** 31–28 | 7–7 | Lambeau Field | 51,147 | Recap |
| 15 | December 12 | at **Tampa Bay Buccaneers** | **W** 12–9 (OT) | 8–7 | Tampa Stadium | 50,763 | Recap |
| 16 | December 18 | at **Chicago Bears** | **L** 21–23 | 8–8 | Soldier Field | 35,807 | Recap |

**Note:** Intra-division opponents are in **bold** text.

### Game summaries

#### Week 1 at Oilers

**Week One: Green Bay Packers (0–0) at Houston Oilers (0–0)**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | OT | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Packers** | 7 | 21 | 3 | 7 | 3 | **41** |
| Oilers | 10 | 0 | 7 | 21 | 0 | **38** |

*at Houston Astrodome, Houston, Texas*

| Game information |
| --- |
|  |

Lynn Dickey completed 27 of 31 passes, including 18 straight at one point during the game, for 333 yards and four touchdowns and Jan Stenerud's 42-yard field goal with 9:05 left in overtime give the Packers a successful opening day victory.

#### Week 16 at Bears

**Week 16: Green Bay Packers (8–7) at Chicago Bears (7–8)**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Packers | 7 | 7 | 0 | 7 | **21** |
| **Bears** | 7 | 0 | 7 | 9 | **23** |

*at Soldier Field, Chicago, Illinois*

| Game information |
| --- |
|  |

### Standings

| NFC Central | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | W | L | T | PCT | DIV | CONF | PF | PA | STK |
| Detroit Lions(3) | 9 | 7 | 0 | .563 | 7–1 | 8–4 | 347 | 286 | W1 |
| Green Bay Packers | 8 | 8 | 0 | .500 | 4–4 | 6–6 | 429 | 439 | L1 |
| Chicago Bears | 8 | 8 | 0 | .500 | 4–4 | 7–7 | 311 | 301 | W2 |
| Minnesota Vikings | 8 | 8 | 0 | .500 | 4–4 | 4–8 | 316 | 348 | W1 |
| Tampa Bay Buccaneers | 2 | 14 | 0 | .125 | 1–7 | 1–11 | 241 | 380 | L3 |

## Statistics

### Passing

| **Player** | **Attempts** | **Completion** | **Percentage** | **Yards** | **Avg** | **Long** | **TD** | **Int** | **Rating** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Lynn Dickey | 484 | 289 | 59.7% | 4458 | 9.21 | 75 | 32 | 29 | 87.3 |

### Receiving

| **Player** | **Receptions** | **Yards** | **Average** | **TD** | **Long** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| James Lofton | 58 | 1300 | 22.4 | 8 | 74 |
| John Jefferson | 57 | 830 | 14.6 | 7 | 36 |
| Paul Coffman | 54 | 814 | 15.1 | 11 | 74 |
| Gerry Ellis | 52 | 603 | 11.6 | 2 | 56 |

### Rushing

| **Player** | **Attempts** | **Yards** | **avg** | **TD** | **Long** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Gerry Ellis | 141 | 696 | 4.9 | 4 | 71 |
| Eddie Lee Ivery | 86 | 340 | 4.0 | 2 | 21 |
| Jessie Clark | 71 | 328 | 4.6 | 0 | 42 |
| Harlan Huckleby | 50 | 182 | 3.6 | 4 | 20 |

### Defensive

| **Player** | **Sacks** | **INT'S** | **Yards** | **Average** | **TD** | **Long** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| John Anderson | 4.5 | 5 | 54 | 10.8 | 1 | 27t |
| Greg Boyd | 2.0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Byron Braggs | 5.5 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
| George Cumby | 2.0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mike Douglass | 5.5 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Johnnie Gray | 0.0 | 2 | 5 | 2.5 | 0 | 5 |
| Charles Johnson | 3.5 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Ezra Johnson | 14.5 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mike Jolly | 0.0 | 1 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jim Laughlin | 0.0 | 1 | 22 | 22.0 | 0 | 22 |
| Mark Lee | 0.0 | 4 | 23 | 5.8 | 0 | 15 |
| Cliff Lewis | 2.0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Tim Lewis | 0.0 | 5 | 111 | 22.2 | 0 | 46 |
| Randy Scott | 0.0 | 1 | 12 | 12.0 | 0 | 12 |

## Records

* Lynn Dickey, club record, most passing yards in one season, 4,458. First NFC Quarterback to ever throw for over 4,000 yards
* NFL record, most overtime games played in one season, (5)

## InfoBox

| 1983 Green Bay Packers season | |
| --- | --- |
| Head coach | Bart Starr |
| Home field | Lambeau Field
Milwaukee County Stadium |
| Results | |
| Record | 8–8 |
| Division place | 2nd NFC Central |
| Playoff finish | *Did not qualify* |
|


title: 1983 Guarujá Open

abstract: The 1983 Guarujá Open was a tennis tournament held in Guarujá in Brazil and played on clay courts. It was part of the 1983 Volvo Grand Prix. The tournament took place from 24 January through 31 January 1983.

text:
# 1983 Guarujá Open

The **1983 Guarujá Open** was a tennis tournament held in Guarujá in Brazil and played on clay courts. It was part of the 1983 Volvo Grand Prix. The tournament took place from 24 January through 31 January 1983.

## Finals

### Singles

José Luis Clerc defeated  Mats Wilander 3–6, 7–5, 6–1

* It was Clerc's 1st title of the year and the 23rd of his career.

### Doubles

Tim Gullikson /  Tomáš Šmíd defeated  Shlomo Glickstein /  Van Winitsky 6–4, 6–7, 6–4

* It was Gullikson's 1st title of the year and the 16th of his career. It was Šmíd's 1st title of the year and the 22nd of his career.

## InfoBox

| 1983 Guarujá Open | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | 24–31 January |
| Edition | 1st |
| Surface | Clay / outdoor |
| Location | Guarujá, Brazil |
| Champions | |
| Singles | |
| José Luis Clerc | |
| Doubles | |
| Tim Gullikson /  Tomáš Šmíd | |
|  | |


abstract: The 1985–86 Idaho Vandals men's basketball team represented the University of Idaho during the 1985–86 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Members of the Big Sky Conference, the Vandals were led by third-year head coach Bill Trumbo, and played their home games on campus at the Kibbie Dome in Moscow, Idaho. Prior to the season, the coaches picked Idaho to finish fifth in the conference, and the media had them at sixth. The Vandals returned all but one starter from the previous year, but were 11–17 overall in the regular season and 4–10 in conference play, last in the standings for a third consecutive year. At the conference tournament in Reno, they met second-seed Montana in the quarterfinals and lost by eight points, their third consecutive loss in the Big Sky quarterfinals. In three seasons, Trumbo's teams were 27–59 (.314) overall and he was relieved of his duties in March, succeeded by Tim Floyd, an assistant under hall of fame head coach Don Haskins at Texas-El Paso.

text:
# 1985–86 Idaho Vandals men's basketball team

1985–86 Big Sky Conference men's basketball standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | PCT |  |  | W |  | L |  | PCT |
| Northern Arizona | 9 |  | 5 |  | .643 |  |  | 19 |  | 10 |  | .655 |
| Montana | 9 |  | 5 |  | .643 |  |  | 21 |  | 11 |  | .656 |
| Idaho State | 8 |  | 6 |  | .571 |  |  | 15 |  | 12 |  | .556 |
| Weber State | 7 |  | 7 |  | .500 |  |  | 18 |  | 11 |  | .621 |
| Nevada | 7 |  | 7 |  | .500 |  |  | 13 |  | 15 |  | .464 |
| Montana State | 6 |  | 8 |  | .429 |  |  | 14 |  | 17 |  | .452 |
| Boise State | 6 |  | 8 |  | .429 |  |  | 12 |  | 16 |  | .429 |
| Idaho | 4 |  | 10 |  | .286 |  |  | 11 |  | 18 |  | .379 |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 1986 Big Sky tournament winner
 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The **1985–86 Idaho Vandals men's basketball team** represented the University of Idaho during the 1985–86 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Members of the Big Sky Conference, the Vandals were led by third-year head coach Bill Trumbo, and played their home games on campus at the Kibbie Dome in Moscow, Idaho.

Prior to the season, the coaches picked Idaho to finish fifth in the conference, and the media had them at sixth. The Vandals returned all but one starter from the previous year, but were 11–17 overall in the regular season and 4–10 in conference play, last in the standings for a third consecutive year. At the conference tournament in Reno, they met second-seed Montana in the quarterfinals and lost by eight points, their third consecutive loss in the Big Sky quarterfinals.

In three seasons, Trumbo's teams were 27–59 (.314) overall (9–33 (.214) in conference) and he was relieved of his duties in March, succeeded by Tim Floyd, an assistant under hall of fame head coach Don Haskins at Texas-El Paso.

## Postseason result

| Date
time, TV | Rank# | Opponent# | Result | Record | Site (attendance)
city, state |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Big Sky tournament | | | | | |
| Thu, March 6
7:00 pm | (7) | vs. (2) Montana
*Quarterfinal* | **L** 60–68 | 11–18
 | Lawlor Events Center (4,850)
Reno, Nevada |
| *Non-conference game. #Rankings from AP poll. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses.
All times are in Pacific time. | | | | | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

| 1985–86 Idaho Vandals men's basketball | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conference | Big Sky Conference |
| Record | 11–18 (4–10 Big Sky) |
| Head coach |  |
| Assistant coaches | * Garry Mendenhall * Pat Rafferty |
| Home arena | Kibbie Dome |
|


title: 1983–84 Divizia B

abstract: The 1983–84 Divizia B was the 44th season of the second tier of the Romanian football league system. The format has been maintained to three series, each of them having 18 teams. At the end of the season the winners of the series promoted to Divizia A and the last four places from each series relegated to Divizia C.

text:
# 1983–84 Divizia B

The **1983–84 Divizia B** was the 44th season of the second tier of the Romanian football league system.

The format has been maintained to three series, each of them having 18 teams. At the end of the season the winners of the series promoted to Divizia A and the last four places from each series relegated to Divizia C.

## Team changes

### Renamed teams

*CSM Sfântu Gheorghe* was renamed as IMASA Sfântu Gheorghe.

## League tables

### Serie I

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Gloria Buzău (C, P) | 34 | 20 | 7 | 7 | 67 | 31 | +36 | 47 | Promotion to Divizia A |
| 2 | Gloria Bistrița | 34 | 18 | 3 | 13 | 50 | 27 | +23 | 39 |  |
| 3 | Partizanul Bacău | 34 | 17 | 4 | 13 | 43 | 44 | 1 | | 38 |
| 4 | Ceahlăul Piatra Neamț | 34 | 15 | 6 | 13 | 41 | 32 | +9 | | 36 |
| 5 | FC Constanța | 34 | 13 | 11 | 10 | 55 | 31 | +24 | | 35 |
| 6 | CSM Suceava | 34 | 13 | 9 | 12 | 36 | 35 | +1 | | 35 |
| 7 | Chimia Fălticeni | 34 | 15 | 5 | 14 | 38 | 52 | 14 | | 35 |
| 8 | Oțelul Galați | 34 | 13 | 8 | 13 | 45 | 38 | +7 | | 34 |
| 9 | CS Botoșani | 34 | 16 | 2 | 16 | 45 | 42 | +3 | | 34 |
| 10 | Progresul Brăila | 34 | 14 | 6 | 14 | 41 | 38 | +3 | | 34 |
| 11 | Unirea Dinamo Focșani | 34 | 14 | 5 | 15 | 51 | 45 | +6 | | 33 |
| 12 | Olimpia Râmnicu Sărat | 34 | 13 | 7 | 14 | 39 | 37 | +2 | | 33 |
| 13 | Metalul Plopeni | 34 | 12 | 8 | 14 | 32 | 34 | 2 | | 32 |
| 14 | Prahova Ploiești | 34 | 13 | 6 | 15 | 34 | 41 | 7 | | 32 |
| 15 | Delta Tulcea (R) | 34 | 12 | 8 | 14 | 30 | 58 | 28 | 32 | Relegation to Divizia C |
| 16 | CSM Borzești (R) | 34 | 11 | 5 | 18 | 39 | 67 | 28 | | 27 |
| 17 | Unirea Slobozia (R) | 34 | 12 | 8 | 14 | 35 | 43 | 8 | | 26 |
| 18 | Dunărea Călărași (R) | 34 | 8 | 6 | 20 | 28 | 54 | 26 | | 22 |

Source: romaniansoccer.ro (in Romanian)
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Goal difference; 3) Goals scored; 4) Head-to-head points; 5) Head-to-head goal difference; 6) Head-to-head goals scored; 7) Head-to-head away goals scored.
(C) Champions; (P) Promoted; (R) Relegated
Notes:

### Serie II

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | FCM Brașov (C, P) | 34 | 21 | 7 | 6 | 71 | 27 | +44 | 49 | Promotion to Divizia A |
| 2 | Șoimii IPA Sibiu | 34 | 17 | 5 | 12 | 55 | 38 | +17 | 39 |  |
| 3 | Dinamo Victoria București | 34 | 14 | 9 | 11 | 42 | 32 | +10 | | 37 |
| 4 | Carpați Mârșa | 34 | 14 | 9 | 11 | 52 | 53 | 1 | | 37 |
| 5 | Gaz Metan Mediaș | 34 | 16 | 3 | 15 | 54 | 44 | +10 | | 35 |
| 6 | Autobuzul București | 34 | 13 | 9 | 12 | 29 | 32 | 3 | | 35 |
| 7 | Avântul Reghin | 34 | 15 | 5 | 14 | 44 | 53 | 9 | | 35 |
| 8 | IP Aluminiu Slatina | 34 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 42 | 33 | +9 | | 34 |
| 9 | Chimica Târnăveni | 34 | 15 | 4 | 15 | 52 | 44 | +8 | | 34 |
| 10 | Progresul Vulcan București | 34 | 11 | 12 | 11 | 46 | 43 | +3 | | 34 |
| 11 | Unirea Alexandria | 34 | 14 | 6 | 14 | 39 | 47 | 8 | | 34 |
| 12 | IMASA Sfântu Gheorghe | 34 | 13 | 7 | 14 | 41 | 36 | +5 | | 33 |
| 13 | Automatica București | 34 | 14 | 5 | 15 | 32 | 40 | 8 | | 33 |
| 14 | Metalul București | 34 | 14 | 5 | 15 | 38 | 49 | 11 | | 33 |
| 15 | Nitramonia Făgăraș (R) | 34 | 13 | 5 | 16 | 52 | 46 | +6 | 31 | Relegation to Divizia C |
| 16 | ROVA Roșiori (R) | 34 | 12 | 4 | 18 | 32 | 61 | 29 | | 28 |
| 17 | Constructorul Craiova (R) | 34 | 11 | 5 | 18 | 44 | 63 | 19 | | 27 |
| 18 | Chimia Turnu Măgurele (R) | 34 | 10 | 4 | 20 | 35 | 59 | 24 | | 24 |

Source: romaniansoccer.ro (in Romanian)
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Goal difference; 3) Goals scored; 4) Head-to-head points; 5) Head-to-head goal difference; 6) Head-to-head goals scored; 7) Head-to-head away goals scored.
(C) Champions; (P) Promoted; (R) Relegated

### Serie III

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Politehnica Timișoara (C, P) | 34 | 25 | 4 | 5 | 93 | 22 | +71 | 54 | Promotion to Divizia A |
| 2 | Universitatea Cluj | 34 | 25 | 1 | 8 | 78 | 25 | +53 | 51 |  |
| 3 | CSM Reșița | 34 | 20 | 2 | 12 | 59 | 30 | +29 | | 42 |
| 4 | Armătura Zalău | 34 | 17 | 3 | 14 | 51 | 45 | +6 | | 37 |
| 5 | UTA Arad | 34 | 15 | 5 | 14 | 50 | 49 | +1 | | 35 |
| 6 | Olimpia Satu Mare | 34 | 16 | 2 | 16 | 55 | 44 | +11 | | 34 |
| 7 | Aurul Brad | 34 | 15 | 4 | 15 | 41 | 44 | 3 | | 34 |
| 8 | Minerul Lupeni | 34 | 14 | 5 | 15 | 43 | 47 | 4 | | 33 |
| 9 | Industria Sârmei Câmpia Turzii | 34 | 15 | 3 | 16 | 38 | 41 | 3 | | 33 |
| 10 | Minerul Cavnic | 34 | 15 | 2 | 17 | 53 | 46 | +7 | | 32 |
| 11 | Minerul Motru | 34 | 14 | 4 | 16 | 36 | 50 | 14 | | 32 |
| 12 | CFR Timișoara | 34 | 14 | 3 | 17 | 55 | 61 | 6 | | 31 |
| 13 | Gloria Reșița | 34 | 14 | 3 | 17 | 34 | 45 | 11 | | 31 |
| 14 | Metalurgistul Cugir | 34 | 13 | 5 | 16 | 40 | 61 | 21 | | 31 |
| 15 | CFR Caransebeș (R) | 34 | 13 | 3 | 18 | 28 | 67 | 39 | 29 | Relegation to Divizia C |
| 16 | Steaua CFR Cluj (R) | 34 | 13 | 2 | 19 | 44 | 52 | 8 | | 26 |
| 17 | Someșul Satu Mare (R) | 34 | 10 | 4 | 20 | 26 | 54 | 28 | | 24 |
| 18 | Rapid Arad (R) | 34 | 8 | 5 | 21 | 28 | 69 | 41 | | 21 |

Source: romaniansoccer.ro (in Romanian)
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Goal difference; 3) Goals scored; 4) Head-to-head points; 5) Head-to-head goal difference; 6) Head-to-head goals scored; 7) Head-to-head away goals scored.
(C) Champions; (P) Promoted; (R) Relegated
Notes: 1. Steaua CFR Cluj were deducted 2 points.
1. rsssf.org
2. romaniansoccer.ro

## InfoBox

Divizia B
| Season | 1983–84 |
| --- | --- |
| Promoted | Gloria Buzău
FCM Brașov
Politehnica Timișoara |
| Relegated | Delta Tulcea
Nitramonia Făgăraș
CFR Caransebeș
Borzești
ROVA Roșiori
Steaua CFR Cluj
Unirea Slobozia
Constructorul Craiova
Someșul Satu Mare
Dunărea Călărași
Chimia Turnu Măgurele
Rapid Arad |
| 1982–83 1984–85 | |


title: Ellisville, Indiana

abstract: Ellisville is an unincorporated community in Aboite Township, Allen County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.

text:
# Ellisville, Indiana

**Ellisville** is an unincorporated community in Aboite Township, Allen County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.

## Geography

Ellisville is located at 41°01′05″N 85°17′03″W / 41.01806°N 85.28417°W / 41.01806; -85.28417.

1. "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
2. "Ellisville, Indiana". *Geographic Names Information System*. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved February 16, 2020.

## InfoBox

| Ellisville, Indiana | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| EllisvilleEllisville | |
| Coordinates: 41°01′05″N 85°17′03″W / 41.01806°N 85.28417°W / 41.01806; -85.28417 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Indiana |
| County | Allen |
| Township | Aboite |
| Elevation | 814 ft (248 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| ZIP code | 46814 |
| Area code | 260 |
| GNIS feature ID | 434114 |


title: Ellisville, Massachusetts

abstract: Ellisville is a village in southeastern Plymouth, Massachusetts, United States. It is located on Cape Cod Bay, and is situated south of Vallerville and north of Cedarville. The neighborhoods within Ellisville include Harlow's Landing and Eastland Heights. Ellisville Harbor State Park, in the northern part of the village, has a natural harbor and beach. Ellisville is named after the original owner of the property, Lt. John Ellis, who commanded the town of Sandwich militia. It is believed that he was a victim of an ambush during King Philip's War.

text:
# Ellisville, Massachusetts

**Ellisville** is a village in southeastern Plymouth, Massachusetts, United States. It is located on Cape Cod Bay, and is situated south of Vallerville and north of Cedarville. The neighborhoods within Ellisville include Harlow's Landing and Eastland Heights. Ellisville Harbor State Park, in the northern part of the village, has a natural harbor and beach.

Ellisville is named after the original owner of the property, Lt. John Ellis, who commanded the town of Sandwich militia. It is believed that he was a victim of an ambush during King Philip's War.

41°50′40″N 70°32′32″W / 41.84444°N 70.54222°W / 41.84444; -70.54222


abstract: Ellisville Township is one of twenty-six townships in Fulton County, Illinois, USA. As of the 2020 census, its population was 135 and it contained 62 housing units.

text:
# Ellisville Township, Fulton County, Illinois

**Ellisville Township** is one of twenty-six townships in Fulton County, Illinois, USA. As of the 2020 census, its population was 135 and it contained 62 housing units.

## History

Ellisville Township is named for Levi D. Ellis, an early settler.

## Geography

According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Ellisville Township has a total area of 13.91 square miles (36.03 km2), of which 13.89 square miles (35.97 km2) (or 99.86%) is land and 0.02 square miles (0.05 km2) (or 0.14%) is water.

### Cities, towns, villages

### Extinct towns

* Ellisville Station, a mining community on Narrow Gauge Railroad until the 1920s, consisted of a railroad depot, grocery store, butcher shop and barber shop plus numerous company-owned miner's houses. The mining company went under and the town vanished. It lasted from 1896 to about 1926. From 1909 to 1913 it had a post office here.

### Cemeteries

The township contains these four cemeteries: Ellisville, Heartley, Landon and Pleasant Hill.

### Major highways

### Landmarks

* Mount Pisgah Park, a 40-acre tract located southeast of Ellisville, IL, was owned by Fulton County until September, 2009, when it was sold at public auction. The new owner, John Wiemers is maintaining the property as a recreational site now known as "Mount Pisgah . . .a peaceful place."

## Demographics

As of the 2020 census there were 135 people, 55 households, and 37 families residing in the township. The population density was 9.70 inhabitants per square mile (3.75/km2). There were 62 housing units at an average density of 4.46 per square mile (1.72/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 98.52% White, 0.00% African American, 0.74% Native American, 0.00% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.00% from other races, and 0.74% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.22% of the population.

There were 55 households, out of which 5.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.27% were married couples living together, 20.00% had a female householder with no spouse present, and 32.73% were non-families. 32.70% of all households were made up of individuals, and 27.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.11 and the average family size was 2.51.

The township's age distribution consisted of 5.2% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 14.6% from 25 to 44, 28.4% from 45 to 64, and 44.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 63.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 75.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 74.6 males.

The median income for a household in the township was $39,583, and the median income for a family was $43,661. Males had a median income of $26,250 versus $26,667 for females. The per capita income for the township was $30,158. No families and 13.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under age 18 and 17.6% of those age 65 or over.

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2000 | 177 |  |  |
| 2010 | 155 |  | −12.4% |
| 2020 | 135 |  | −12.9% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

## School districts

* Avon Community Unit School District 176
* Spoon River Valley Community Unit School District 4

## Political districts

* "Ellisville Township, Fulton County, Illinois". *Geographic Names Information System*. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved January 16, 2010.
* United States Census Bureau 2007 TIGER/Line Shapefiles
* United States National Atlas

1. "Explore Census Data". *data.census.gov*. Retrieved January 22, 2023.
2. Gannett, Henry (1905). *The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States*. Govt. Print. Off. pp. 117.
3. Bureau, US Census. "Gazetteer Files". *Census.gov*. Retrieved January 22, 2023. `{{cite web}}`: `|last=` has generic name (help)
4. Sampier, Kevin (September 10, 2009). "Mount Pisgah will remain part of Spoon River Drive". *Peoria Journal Star*. Retrieved March 11, 2011.
5. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2016.

## InfoBox

| Ellisville Township | |
| --- | --- |
| Township | |
| Location in Fulton County | |
| Fulton County's location in Illinois | |
| Coordinates: 40°39′49″N 90°18′02″W / 40.66361°N 90.30056°W / 40.66361; -90.30056 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Illinois |
| County | Fulton |
| Established | November 6, 1849 |
| Area | |
| Total | 13.91 sq mi (36.0 km2) |
| Land | 13.89 sq mi (36.0 km2) |
| Water | 0.02 sq mi (0.05 km2)  0.14% |
| Elevation | 522 ft (159 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 135 |
| Density | 9.7/sq mi (3.7/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (CST) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP codes | 61415, 61431, 61544 |
| FIPS code | 17-057-23542 |


title: 1886 Connecticut gubernatorial election

abstract: The 1886 Connecticut gubernatorial election was held on November 2, 1886. Republican nominee Phineas C. Lounsbury defeated Democratic nominee Edward S. Cleveland with 46.19% of the vote. This was the second consecutive gubernatorial election in which the Republican-controlled state legislature elected the candidate who received fewer votes. The law at the time specified that if no candidate received a majority, the state legislature would decide the election.

text:
# 1886 Connecticut gubernatorial election

The **1886 Connecticut gubernatorial election** was held on November 2, 1886. Republican nominee Phineas C. Lounsbury defeated Democratic nominee Edward S. Cleveland with 46.19% of the vote.

This was the second consecutive gubernatorial election in which the Republican-controlled state legislature elected the candidate who received fewer votes. The law at the time specified that if no candidate received a majority, the state legislature would decide the election.

## General election

### Candidates

**Major party candidates**

* Phineas C. Lounsbury, Republican
* Edward S. Cleveland, Democratic

**Other candidates**

* Samuel B. Forbes, Prohibition
* Herbert Baker, Labor

### Results

1886 Connecticut gubernatorial election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Democratic | Edward S. Cleveland | 58,818 | 47.73% |  |
|  | Republican | Phineas C. Lounsbury | 56,920 | 46.19% |  |
|  | Prohibition | Samuel B. Forbes | 4,699 | 3.81% |  |
|  | Labor | Herbert Baker | 2,792 | 2.27% |  |
| **Plurality** | | | 1,898 |  |  |
| Turnout | | |  |  |  |
|  | Republican **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

## InfoBox

1886 Connecticut gubernatorial election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Nominee **Phineas C. Lounsbury** Edward S. Cleveland   Party Republican Democratic  Popular vote 56,920 **58,818**  Percentage 46.19% **47.73%** | |
| ---  **Lounsbury**:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%
**Snow**:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80% | |
| ---  **Governor before election**
Henry Baldwin Harrison
Republican **Elected Governor**
Phineas C. Lounsbury
Republican | |


title: 1886 Costa Rican general election

text:
# 1886 Costa Rican general election

General elections were held in Costa Rica on 4 April 1886. After the death of Próspero Fernández Oreamuno in March 1885, Bernardo Soto Alfaro took over the presidency temporarily for the remainder of the term. Soto was a thirty-year-old young man who had to command the country in the war against Guatemala that sought to re-establish the Federal Republic of Central America. Soto was a freemason and liberal, belonging to "The Olympus", a group of liberal intellectuals who would have a great influence on Costa Rican politics and many would hold the Presidency of the Republic.

Soto managed to prevent through various tricks the candidacy of Víctor Guardia Gutiérrez, brother of the late dictator Tomás Guardia Gutiérrez, becoming sole and unanimous candidate in a two-degree type of election in which all male citizens allowed by law choose second-degree electors who selected the President.

## Results

In Alajuela there were 140 electors, but 145 voted.

| Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Bernardo Soto Alfaro | 547 | 100.00 |
| Total | 547 | 100.00 |
|  | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | 542 |  |
| Source: TSE | | |

### By province

| Province | Soto |
| --- | --- |
| |  |
| San José Province | 168 |
| Alajuela | 140 |
| Cartago Province | 90 |
| Heredia | 75 |
| Guanacaste | 42 |
| Puntarenas | 21 |
| Limón | 6 |
| **Total** | **542** |
| Source: Salazar | | | | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

1886 Costa Rican general election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Presidential election | |
| Nominee Bernardo Soto Alfaro    Electoral vote 547   Percentage **100%** | |
| ---  **President before election**
Bernardo Soto Alfaro
 **Elected President**
Bernardo Soto Alfaro
 | |
|  | |


abstract: The 1983 NCAA Division I Cross Country Championships were the 45th annual NCAA Men's Division I Cross Country Championship and the 3rd annual NCAA Women's Division I Cross Country Championship to determine the team and individual national champions of NCAA Division I men's and women's collegiate cross country running in the United States. In all, four different titles were contested: men's and women's individual and team championships. Held on November 21, 1983, the combined meet was hosted by Lehigh University at the Saucon Valley Fields in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. The distance for the men's race was 10 kilometers while the distance for the women's race was 5 kilometers. The men's team national championship was won by UTEP, but the Miners' performance was later vacated by the NCAA. The individual championship was won by Zakarie Barie, also from UTEP, with a time of 29:20.0. The women's team national championship was won by Oregon, their first. The individual championship was won by Betty Jo Springs, from NC State, with a time of 16:30.7. This was Springs' second championship after winning the inaugural race in 1981.

text:
# 1983 NCAA Division I cross country championships

The **1983 NCAA Division I Cross Country Championships** were the 45th annual NCAA Men's Division I Cross Country Championship and the 3rd annual NCAA Women's Division I Cross Country Championship to determine the team and individual national champions of NCAA Division I men's and women's collegiate cross country running in the United States. In all, four different titles were contested: men's and women's individual and team championships.

Held on November 21, 1983, the combined meet was hosted by Lehigh University at the Saucon Valley Fields in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. The distance for the men's race was 10 kilometers (6.21 miles) while the distance for the women's race was 5 kilometers (3.11 miles).

The men's team national championship was won by UTEP, but the Miners' performance was later vacated by the NCAA. The individual championship was won by Zakarie Barie, also from UTEP, with a time of 29:20.0.

The women's team national championship was won by Oregon, their first. The individual championship was won by Betty Jo Springs, from NC State, with a time of 16:30.7. This was Springs' second championship after winning the inaugural race in 1981.

## Qualification

* All Division I cross country teams were eligible to qualify for the meet through their placement at various regional qualifying meets. In total, 22 teams and 182 runners contested the men's championship while 16 teams and 133 runners contested the women's title.

## Men's title

* **Distance:** 10,000 meters (6.21 miles)

* **Note:** UTEP's team title was later revoked by the NCAA for rules infractions.

## Women's title

* **Distance:** 5,000 meters (3.11 miles)

## InfoBox

| 1983 NCAA Division I Cross Country Championships | |
| --- | --- |
| Organisers | NCAA |
| Edition | 45th (Men)
3rd (Women) |
| Date | November 21, 1983 |
| Host city | Bethlehem, PA
Lehigh University |
| Venue | Saucon Valley Fields |
| Distances | 10 km–Men
5 km–Women |
| Participation | 182–Men
133–Women
315–Total athletes |
| 1982 1984 | |


title: Elliot Willensky

abstract: Elliot A. Willensky was an American composer, lyricist and music producer. He wrote Michael Jackson's first solo hit "Got to Be There" and the Jermaine Jackson/Whitney Houston duet "If You Say My Eyes Are Beautiful." Willensky composed the music for the 1999 off-Broadway musical Abby's Song and served as the music coordinator for the Tony Orlando and Dawn variety show on CBS.

text:
# Elliot Willensky

**Elliot A. Willensky** (August 6, 1943 – March 29, 2010) was an American composer, lyricist and music producer. He wrote Michael Jackson's first solo hit "Got to Be There" and the Jermaine Jackson/Whitney Houston duet "If You Say My Eyes Are Beautiful." Willensky composed the music for the 1999 off-Broadway musical *Abby's Song* and served as the music coordinator for the Tony Orlando and Dawn variety show on CBS.

## Biography

He was born in Bayonne, New Jersey on August 6, 1943, to Raymond Willensky and Gertrude Berlin. He attended Bayonne High School and graduated from Boston University with a degree in biology. He undertook post-graduate studies at Boston University and the University of Massachusetts Amherst and worked as a research scientist of the National Institutes of Health. Willensky left the scientific field to become a songwriter in 1969.

Arguably Willensky's most well-known work is "Got to Be There," which was Michael Jackson's first solo hit and reached number 4 on the R&B singles chart in 1971. The song reached number 5 on the R&B chart again in 1983 when it was covered by Chaka Khan. The song has also been covered by The Miracles in 1972, Boyz II Men in 2007, and an instrumental version by jazz guitarist/singer George Benson in 1993.

Willensky continued his affiliation with the Jackson family into the 1980s, writing the noted Jermaine Jackson and Whitney Houston duet, "If You Say My Eyes Are Beautiful," which appeared on Jermaine's 1986 *Precious Moments* album.

He died from a stroke on March 29, 2010 in Summit, New Jersey.

In 2021, a play entitled Elliot and Me, conceptualized by Elliot Willensky and his younger brother Steven Willensky, and finished after Elliot's death by Steven Willensky and Scott Coulter, debuted at the Hudson Theater Works in Weehawken, New Jersey.


title: Elsham (organisation)

abstract:
ELSHAM is a human rights non-governmental organization based in Jayapura, Papua, Indonesia. ELSHAM is the leading Papuan human rights organization. It was established in 1996 by the Roman Catholic Church, the Jayapura diocese of the Evangelical Christian Church in West Papua (GKI), and the Gospel Tabernacle Church of Indonesia (GKII). ELSHAM leader John Rumbiak fled to the United States in 2002 following threats by the Indonesian police. In June 2003 the Indonesian Military Commander, Maj. Gen. Nurdin Zainal, issued orders for the arrest of:
  - John Rumbiak, Supervisor of ELSHAM
  - Yohanis G. Bonay, Director of ELSHAM
  - Koran Tempo, a Jakarta-based daily
  - the editor of Koran Tempo
  - Suara Karya, a Jakarta-based daily
  - the editor of Suara Karya upon charges of publishing a story about TNI troops ambushing a bus. The incident in question occurred August 31, 2002 when a bus carrying employees and family from the Freeport International school was attacked. Three teachers were killed, 14 others were injured. Local statements and FBI investigations in 2003 attempted to tie the shooting to Papuan rebels, but the connection was unsupported by evidence.

text:
# Elsham (organisation)

**ELSHAM** (abbreviation of *Lembaga Studi dan Advokasi Hak Asasi Manusia*, meaning Institute of Human Rights Studies and Advocacy) is a human rights non-governmental organization based in Jayapura, Papua, Indonesia. ELSHAM is the leading Papuan human rights organization. It was established in 1996 by the Roman Catholic Church, the Jayapura diocese of the Evangelical Christian Church in West Papua (GKI), and the Gospel Tabernacle Church of Indonesia (GKII).

ELSHAM leader John Rumbiak fled to the United States in 2002 following threats by the Indonesian police.

In June 2003 the Indonesian Military Commander, Maj. Gen. Nurdin Zainal, issued orders for the arrest of:

1. John Rumbiak, Supervisor of ELSHAM
2. Yohanis G. Bonay, Director of ELSHAM
3. *Koran Tempo*, a Jakarta-based daily
4. the editor of *Koran Tempo*
5. *Suara Karya*, a Jakarta-based daily
6. the editor of *Suara Karya*

upon charges of publishing a story about TNI (Indonesian military) troops ambushing a bus. The incident in question occurred August 31, 2002 when a bus carrying employees and family from the Freeport International school was attacked. Three teachers (including two Americans) were killed, 14 others were injured. Local statements and FBI investigations in 2003 attempted to tie the shooting to Papuan rebels, but the connection was unsupported by evidence.


title: Apharia (disambiguation)

abstract:
Apharia or Aphariya may refer to:
  - Aphariya or Aphariyas, is a clan of Yaduvanshi Ahir caste in India
  - Apharia, is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes
  - Afareyanaj, is a village in Ab Barik Rural District, in the Central District of Sonqor County, Kermanshah Province, Iran
  - Aphareus, a character in Greek mythology
  - Apaharan, a Hindi movie
  - Aphareus (writer), a Greek writer.

text:
# Apharia (disambiguation)

**Apharia** or **Aphariya** may refer to:

* Aphariya or Aphariyas, is a clan of Yaduvanshi Ahir caste in India
* Apharia, is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes
* Afareyanaj, is a village in Ab Barik Rural District, in the Central District of Sonqor County, Kermanshah Province, Iran
* Aphareus, a character in Greek mythology
* Apaharan, a Hindi movie
* Aphareus (writer), a Greek writer.


title: 1986 Portuguese presidential election

abstract: Presidential elections were held in Portugal on 26 January 1986, with a second round on 16 February. This was closest presidential election ever held in Portugal and was won by the Socialist Mário Soares, who initially had no more than 5 percent at opinion polls. In first round was easily won by Freitas do Amaral, supported by all the right-wing parties, while Soares defeated the other two left-wing candidates, the former Prime-Minister Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo –the first woman to be a candidate to the Portuguese presidency – and Salgado Zenha. Both these candidates supported Soares in the second round. Soares did not achieve the majority of the voting in any district, as the left-wing strongholds in the south of Portugal voted for Zenha due to his support by the Communist Party. As results for the second round were counted, the urban vote, traditionally more left-wing, overcame the early lead of Freitas do Amaral by less than 140,000 votes, and Soares became president on 9 March 1986, the first civilian to hold the post in 60 years. As of 2021, this was the only time a Portuguese presidential election was taken into a second round.

text:
# 1986 Portuguese presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Portugal on 26 January 1986, with a second round on 16 February.

This was closest presidential election ever held in Portugal and was won by the Socialist Mário Soares, who initially had no more than 5 percent at opinion polls.

In first round was easily won by Freitas do Amaral, supported by all the right-wing parties, while Soares defeated the other two left-wing candidates, the former Prime-Minister Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo –the first woman to be a candidate to the Portuguese presidency – and Salgado Zenha (supported by outgoing president António Ramalho Eanes, founder of the short-lived Democratic Renewal Party, and by the Portuguese Communist Party, whose candidate, Ângelo Veloso, left the race some days before the poll). Both these candidates supported Soares in the second round.

Soares did not achieve the majority of the voting in any district, as the left-wing strongholds in the south of Portugal voted for Zenha due to his support by the Communist Party.

As results for the second round were counted, the urban vote, traditionally more left-wing, overcame the early lead of Freitas do Amaral by less than 140,000 votes, and Soares became president on 9 March 1986, the first civilian to hold the post (not counting caretakers) in 60 years.

As of 2021, this was the only time a Portuguese presidential election was taken into a second round.

## Electoral system

Any Portuguese citizen over 35 years old has the opportunity to run for president. In order to do so it is necessary to gather between 7,500 and 15,000 signatures and submit them to the Portuguese Constitutional Court.

According to the Portuguese Constitution, to be elected, a candidate needs a majority of votes. If no candidate gets this majority there will take place a second round between the two most voted candidates.

## Candidates

### Official candidates

### Unsuccessful candidacies

There were also three candidates rejected by the Portuguese Constitutional Court for not complying with the legal requirements, those were:

## Campaign period

### Party slogans

| Candidate | | Original slogan | English translation | Refs |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Mário Soares | « O voto do Povo »
« Soares é fixe » | "The vote of the People"
"Soares is cool" |  |
|  | Diogo Freitas do Amaral | « Está na hora! »
« Prá Frente Portugal! » | "It's time!"
"Go Forward Portugal!" |  |
|  | Francisco Salgado Zenha | « Justiça e tolerancia, confiança no futuro » | "Justice and tolerance, confidence in the future" |  |
|  | Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo | « A coragem da decisão » | "The courage of the decision" |  |

### Candidates' debates

#### First round

| 1986 Portuguese presidential election debates | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date | Organisers | Moderator(s) | P  Present    A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Soares | Freitas | Zenha | Pintasilgo | Refs |
| | | |  | |  |  |  |
| 17 Dec 1985 | RTP1 | Margarida Marante | **N** | **P** | **P** | **N** |  |
| 19 Dec 1985 | RTP1 | Miguel Sousa Tavares | **P** | **N** | **N** | **P** |  |
| 26 Dec 1985 | RTP1 | Miguel Sousa Tavares | **N** | **P** | **N** | **P** |  |
| 2 Jan 1986 | RTP1 | Miguel Sousa Tavares | **P** | **N** | **P** | **N** |  |
| 7 Jan 1986 | RTP1 | Margarida Marante | **N** | **N** | **P** | **P** |  |
| 9 Jan 1986 | RTP1 | Miguel Sousa Tavares | **P** | **P** | **N** | **N** |  |

#### Second round

| 1986 Portuguese presidential election debates | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date | Organisers | Moderator(s) | P  Present    A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Soares | Freitas | Refs |
| | | |  |  |
| 6 Feb 1986 | RTP1 | Margarida Marante
Miguel Sousa Tavares | **P** | **P** |  |

## Opinion polls

### First round

Exit poll

| Polling firm | Date conducted | Sample
size |  |  |  |  | Others | Lead |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | |  |  |  |  | | |
| | | | Freitas
CDS, PSD | Soares
PS | Zenha
Ind. supported by PRD, PCP | Pintasilgo
Ind. supported by UDP | | |
|  | | | | | | | | |
| **Election results** | **26 Jan 1986** |  | **46.3** | 25.4 | 20.9 | 7.4 |  | **20.9** |
|  | | | | | | | | |
| RTP | 26 Jan 1986 |  | **43.0–46.0** | 24.0–27.0 | 18.0–21.0 | 9.0–12.0 |  | 19.0 |
| Expresso | 10 Jan 1986 | 2,000 | **42.5** | 21.5 |  |  | 36.0 | 21.0 |
| Norma | 10–16 May 1985 | 598 | **33.4** | 12.9 |  | 24.1 | 29.7 | 9.3 |

### Second round

Exit poll

| Polling firm | Date conducted | Sample
size |  |  | Lead |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | |  |  | |
| | | | Freitas
CDS, PSD | Soares
PS | |
|  | | | | | | | | |
| **Election results** | **16 Feb 1986** |  | 48.8 | **51.2** | **2.4** |
|  | | | | | | | | |
| RTP | 16 Feb 1986 |  | 48.0–50.0 | **50.0–52.0** | 2.0 |
| Norma | 10–16 May 1985 | 598 | **66.7** | 33.3 | 33.4 |
| Norma | Apr 1985 |  | **50.9** | 49.1 | 1.8 |

## Results

| Candidate | | Party | First round | | Second round | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Votes | | % | Votes | % |
|  | Diogo Freitas do Amaral | Democratic and Social CentreSocial Democratic Party | 2,629,597 | 46.31 | 2,872,064 | 48.82 |
|  | Mário Soares | Socialist Party | 1,443,683 | 25.43 | 3,010,756 | 51.18 |
|  | Francisco Salgado Zenha | Independent supported by Democratic Renewal PartyPortuguese Communist Party | 1,185,867 | 20.88 |  | |
|  | Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo | Independent supported by Popular Democratic Union | 418,961 | 7.38 |  | |
| Total | | | 5,678,108 | 100.00 | 5,882,820 | 100.00 |
|  | | | | | | |
| Valid votes | | | 5,678,108 | 98.87 | 5,882,820 | 99.09 |
| Invalid votes | | | 18,292 | 0.32 | 20,436 | 0.34 |
| Blank votes | | | 46,334 | 0.81 | 33,844 | 0.57 |
| Total votes | | | 5,742,734 | 100.00 | 5,937,100 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | | | 7,617,257 | 75.39 | 7,612,633 | 77.99 |
| Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições (first round), Comissão Nacional de Eleições (second round) | | | | | | |

### Results by district

#### First round

| District | | Freitas | | Soares | | Zenha | | Pintasilgo | | Turnout |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % ||
|  | Aveiro | **200,008** | **57.00%** | 102,684 | 29.26% | 30,868 | 8.80% | 17,345 | 4.94% | 76.06% |
|  | Azores | **61,274** | **58.57%** | 32,841 | 26.23% | 8,235 | 6.94% | 4,586 | 3.87% | 61.50% |
|  | Beja | 22,648 | 21.30% | 19,347 | 18.19% | **58,233** | **54.76%** | 6,117 | 5.75% | 71.58% |
|  | Braga | **206,747** | **52.74%** | 112,263 | 28.64% | 52,751 | 13.46% | 20,218 | 5.16% | 78.95% |
|  | Bragança | **60,868** | **66.02%** | 22,972 | 24.92% | 6,125 | 6.64% | 2,234 | 2.42% | 66.29% |
|  | Castelo Branco | **72,295** | **53.00%** | 31,812 | 23.32% | 24,671 | 18.09% | 7,638 | 5.60% | 72.77% |
|  | Coimbra | **113,913** | **46.12%** | 78,894 | 32.23% | 33,429 | 13.66% | 19,570 | 7.99% | 71.39% |
|  | Évora | 31,613 | 27.71% | 15,734 | 13.79% | **60,061** | **52.65%** | 6,665 | 5.84% | 78.88% |
|  | Faro | **77,570** | **40.57%** | 51,410 | 26.89% | 48,564 | 25.40% | 13.644 | 7.14% | 73.25% |
|  | Guarda | **71,902** | **62.94%** | 29,625 | 25.93% | 9,007 | 7.88% | 3,704 | 3.24% | 69.85% |
|  | Leiria | **145,554** | **60.26%** | 55,653 | 23.04% | 26,816 | 11.10% | 13,525 | 5.60% | 74.48% |
|  | Lisbon | **512,158** | **39.91%** | 296,395 | 23.09% | 338,470 | 26.37% | 136,397 | 10.63% | 78.45% |
|  | Madeira | **74,688** | **62.96%** | 31,123 | 26.23% | 8,235 | 6.94% | 4,586 | 3.87% | 69.34% |
|  | Portalegre | 28,961 | 32.42% | 22,024 | 24.66% | **33,137** | **37.10%** | 5,196 | 5.82% | 78.05% |
|  | Porto | **413,407** | **45.17%** | 284,250 | 31.06% | 152,919 | 16.71% | 64,566 | 7.06% | 79.05% |
|  | Santarém | **117,657** | **43.10%** | 61,661 | 22.59% | 68,133 | 24.96% | 25,522 | 9.35% | 75.99% |
|  | Setúbal | 104,122 | 25.23% | 72,116 | 17.47% | **187,907** | **45.53%** | 48,600 | 11.77% | 79.07% |
|  | Viana do Castelo | **81,815** | **58.92%** | 32,869 | 23.64% | 14,702 | 10.59% | 9,506 | 6.85% | 72.01% |
|  | Vila Real | **84,459** | **63.73%** | 35,050 | 26.45% | 9,362 | 7.06% | 3,655 | 2.76% | 68.59% |
|  | Viseu | **147,519** | **66.20%** | 54,344 | 24.39% | 14,378 | 6.45% | 6,584 | 2.95% | 70.18% |
| Source: SGMAI Presidential Election Results | | | | | | | | | | |

#### Second round

| District | | Soares | | Freitas | | Turnout |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Votes | % | Votes | % ||
|  | Aveiro | 152,472 | 41.21% | **217,352** | **58.79%** | 79.95% |
|  | Azores | 44,464 | 40.55% | **65,177** | **59.45%** | 79.95% |
|  | Beja | **82,278** | **75.98%** | 26,015 | 24.02% | 72.76% |
|  | Braga | 190,746 | 46.42% | **220,150** | **53.58%** | 82.77% |
|  | Bragança | 32,196 | 32.28% | **67,531** | **67.72%** | 72.40% |
|  | Castelo Branco | 65,986 | 45.66% | **78,534** | **54.34%** | 76.37% |
|  | Coimbra | **137,735** | **52.79%** | 123,192 | 47.21% | 76.01% |
|  | Évora | **79,552** | **69.49%** | 34,920 | 30.51% | 79.37% |
|  | Faro | **113,089** | **56.81%** | 85,961 | 43.19% | 75.50% |
|  | Guarda | 44,187 | 36.10% | **78,217** | **63.90%** | 74.93% |
|  | Leiria | 94,791 | 37.29% | **159,401** | **62.71%** | 78.16% |
|  | Lisbon | **736,144** | **56.74%** | 561,189 | 43.26% | 79.26% |
|  | Madeira | 47,776 | 37.31% | **80,290** | **62.69%** | 74.22% |
|  | Portalegre | **59,550** | **65.25%** | 31,712 | 34.75% | 79.68% |
|  | Porto | **510,335** | **53.53%** | 443,050 | 46.47% | 82.24% |
|  | Santarém | **153,084** | **54.33%** | 128,675 | 45.67% | 77.95% |
|  | Setúbal | **289,199** | **70.88%** | 118,790 | 29.12% | 78.44% |
|  | Viana do Castelo | 56,176 | 38.41% | **90,094** | **61.59%** | 75.33% |
|  | Vila Real | 49,210 | 34.72% | **92,505** | **65.28%** | 73.05% |
|  | Viseu | 76,380 | 32.07% | **161,793** | **67.93%** | 75.15% |
| Source: SGMAI Presidential Election Results | | | | | | | | | | |

### Maps

1. "Os cartazes das eleições presidenciais desde 1976". *Público* (in Portuguese). Retrieved 26 May 2020.
2. "Os cartazes das eleições presidenciais desde 1976". *Público* (in Portuguese). Retrieved 26 May 2020.
3. "Os cartazes das eleições presidenciais desde 1976". *Público* (in Portuguese). Retrieved 26 May 2020.
4. "Os cartazes das eleições presidenciais desde 1976". *Público* (in Portuguese). Retrieved 26 May 2020.
5. "Primeiro frente a frente entre Zenha Freitas". *Diário de Lisboa* (in Portuguese). 18 December 1985. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
6. "Programação RTP". *Diário de Lisboa* (in Portuguese). 19 December 1985. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
7. "Programação RTP". *Diário de Lisboa* (in Portuguese). 26 December 1985. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
8. "Nenhum foi surpreendido". *Diário de Lisboa* (in Portuguese). 3 January 1986. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
9. "Programação RTP". *Diário de Lisboa* (in Portuguese). 7 January 1986. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
10. "Programação RTP". *Diário de Lisboa* (in Portuguese). 9 January 1986. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
11. "Os debates". *Comunicar Política* (in Portuguese). 18 February 2011. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
12. "Presidenciais 86: Debate Mário Soares vs Salgado Zenha – Parte I". *RTP*.
13. "Carta sobre o interesse da União Democrática Popular (UDP) na vitória presidencial de Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo, oferecendo o seu esforço e colaboração para ampliar a sua candidatura presidencial" (PDF). *arquivopintasilgo.pt*.

## InfoBox

1986 Portuguese presidential election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Turnout | 75.39% (first round)  9.00pp
77.99% (second round) |
| Candidate **Mário Soares** Diogo Freitas do
Amaral  Party PS CDS  Popular vote **3,010,756** 2,872,064  Percentage **51.18%** 48.82% | |
| --- | |
| ---  **President before election**
António Ramalho Eanes
Independent **Elected President**
Mário Soares
PS | |


title: 1986 Preakness Stakes

abstract: The 1986 Preakness Stakes was the 111th running of the Preakness Stakes thoroughbred horse race. The race took place on May 17, 1986, and was televised in the United States on the ABC television network. Snow Chief, who was jockeyed by Alex Solis, won the race by four lengths over runner-up Ferdinand. Approximate post time was 5:41 p.m. Eastern Time. The race was run over a fast track in a final time of 1:54-4/5. The Maryland Jockey Club reported total attendance of 87,652, this is recorded as second highest on the list of American thoroughbred racing top attended events for North America in 1986.

text:
# 1986 Preakness Stakes

The **1986 Preakness Stakes** was the 111th running of the Preakness Stakes thoroughbred horse race. The race took place on May 17, 1986, and was televised in the United States on the ABC television network. Snow Chief, who was jockeyed by Alex Solis, won the race by four lengths over runner-up Ferdinand. Approximate post time was 5:41 p.m. Eastern Time. The race was run over a fast track in a final time of 1:54-4/5. The Maryland Jockey Club reported total attendance of **87,652**, this is recorded as second highest on the list of American thoroughbred racing top attended events for North America in 1986.

## Payout

**The 111th Preakness Stakes Payout Schedule**

| Program
Number | Horse Name
 | Win
 | Place
 | Show
 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **3** | **Snow Chief** | US$7.20 | $4.80 | $3.60 |
| **5** | **Ferdinand** | - | $4.80 | $3.20 |
| **6** | Broad Brush | - | - | $3.00 |

$2 Exacta: (**3–5**) paid $33.80

## The full chart

| Finish
Position | Margin
(lengths) | Post
Position | Horse name | Jockey | Trainer | Owner | Post Time
Odds | Purse
Earnings |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1st** | 0 | 2 | **Snow Chief** | Alex Solis | Melvin F. Stute | Carl Grinstead | 2.60-1 | $411,900 |
| **2nd** | 4 | 5 | **Ferdinand** | Bill Shoemaker | Charles Whittingham | Elizabeth Keck | 3.10-1 | $70,000 |
| **3rd** | 101/2 | 6 | Broad Brush | Chris McCarron | Richard Small | Robert E. Meyerhoff | 3.70-1 | $35,000 |
| 4th | 103/4 | 7 | Badger Land | Jorge Velásquez | D. Wayne Lukas | Jeff Lukas & Mel Hatley | **1.80-1**
**favorite** | $17,500 |
| 5th | 121/4 | 1 | Miracle Wood | Donnie A. Miller Jr. | Allen A. Ferris, III | Albert F. Allen, Jr. | 20.70-1 |  |
| 6th | 14 | 4 | Groovy | Craig Perret | Howard Crowell | John A. Ballis & Theodore V. Kruckel | 11.10-1 |  |
| 7th | 22 | 3 | Clear Choice | Jacinto Vásquez | D. Wayne Lukas | Eugene V. Klein | 1.80-1 |  |

* Winning Breeder: **Blue Diamond Ranch; (CA)**
* Winning Time: **1:54 4/5**
* Track Condition: **Fast**
* Total Attendance: **87,652**

## InfoBox

111th Preakness Stakes
| The Preakness Stakes | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Pimlico Race Course,
Baltimore, Maryland,
United States |
| Date | May 17, 1986 |
| Winning horse | Snow Chief |
| Jockey | Alex Solis |
| Conditions | Fast |
| Surface | Dirt |
|  | |


title: Elmer H. Geran

abstract: Elmer Hendrickson Geran was an American Democratic Party politician who represented New Jersey's 3rd congressional district from 1923 to 1925.

text:
# Elmer H. Geran

**Elmer Hendrickson Geran** (October 24, 1875 – January 12, 1954) was an American Democratic Party politician who represented New Jersey's 3rd congressional district from 1923 to 1925.

## Biography

### Education

Geran was born in Matawan, New Jersey on October 24, 1875, where he attended the public schools and the Glenwood Military Academy of Matawan, New Jersey. He graduated from Peddie Institute in Hightstown, New Jersey in 1895, from Princeton University in 1899, and from New York Law School in 1901.

### Career path

He was admitted to the New Jersey bar in 1901 and commenced practice in Jersey City, New Jersey. He was Matawan Boro attorney for a number of years. He was known for speeches on the subject of banking. On May 11, 1911 he presented at the Annual Convention for NJ Banking Association in Atlantic City, NJ.

### Public office

He ran for a state senate seat in 1911 but withdrew himself from the race in August 1911 and instead ran for the Assembly. He was a member of the New Jersey General Assembly in 1911 and 1912, and appointed a member of the New Jersey State Water Supply Commission from 1912 to 1915. Geran was assistant prosecutor of the pleas of Monmouth County from 1915 to 1917, and was again a member of the Assembly in 1916 and 1917 and served as minority leader. He served as Sheriff of Monmouth County, New Jersey from 1917 to 1920. One odd event during his tenure as Monmouth County Sheriff was the sale of liquor in 1920. He was ordered by the New Jersey court to sell off the effects of a bar to settle a creditor demands. However, most of the effects of the bar were intoxicating beverages of various types. He was able to obtain federal permission to legally sell the holdings during prohibition.

He was widely considered as a prospective candidate for Governor of New Jersey in 1918 but decided not to run. He was appointed U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey by President Woodrow Wilson in 1920. During his tenure he was associated with enforcing the federal law at the time against dissemination of motion pictures of a fight. The fight referenced was the Dempsey-Carpenter fight in Jersey City - July 1921. On December 16, 1921, then Attorney General Dougherty requested Geran's resignation. Stated reason was that the Attorney General desired a Republican hold the office. Geran resigned in 1921 and resumed the practice of law in Asbury Park, New Jersey.

Geran was elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-eighth Congress from March 4, 1923 – March 3, 1925. He was a delegate to the 1924 Democratic National Convention. He also was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1924 to the Sixty-ninth Congress.

### Later career

After leaving Congress, Geran resumed the practice of his profession until September 22, 1927. In 1927, he became Vice President of the New Jersey Gravel & Sand Co. at Farmington. In 1933, he formed the New Jersey Sand and Gravel Producers Association which advocated the use of New Jersey materials in state highway construction. The 1940 Federal Census showed him as manager of a sand and gravel plant and residing on Hodgner Road in Marlboro.

### Death

He died at his home, Glen Geran Farm, in the Morganville section of Marlboro Township, New Jersey on January 12, 1954, and was interred in Old Tennent Cemetery, Manalapan Township, New Jersey.

## The Geran Bill

Geran is credited with working under Gov. Woodrow Wilson and drafting a series of election reform laws in 1911 that transformed the way elections were handled in New Jersey. Chiefly viewed as an anti-corruption act for voting, the legislation reform was one of the cornerstones of Gov. Woodrow Wilson's program. Among its many provisions, It is the bill which requires county clerks to mail voters sample ballots before an election.

## Business Interests

* Geran was one of 5 principals in the incorporation of The Western Telephone and Telegraph Company in January 1902. WT&T was a holding company within AT&T from 1902 to 1911. In 1911, AT&T absorbed the WT&T in a stock purchase of three shares of AT&T for four shares of WT&T shares plus $20.
* Geran was also one of 5 principals in the incorporation of the Accidental Company under the laws of 1896 on January 23, 1902. This was a telephone company which was set up to carry on business "outside the state of New Jersey".
* Geran was one of 12 principals in the establishment of the Vandalia Coal Company in 1905. Vandalia Coal Company owned and operated mines in the mid-west.
* He joined with three others in the incorporation of Lind & Company in 1909. This was a real estate company which specialized in purchasing land and building mines.
* In 1910 he started the Bankers Organization and Asset Realization Company. The company was a general real estate and investment business.
* He was Director of the Hudson County Water Company. This company primarily appropriated water from New Jersey and sold the water on Staten Island. He resigned his position in this company in 1911 prior to becoming an Assemblyman. He stated it may have been viewed as a conflict of interest.
* In 1931 he was on the Board of Directors for the Matawan Bank when it closed it doors due to exhausting its cash funds.
* In 1932 he was president of the City Mortgage Company which he put into receivership following him uncovering that there was "unscrupulous trading of company stock" by the Board of Directors.
* He was president of the Central Jersey Sand and Gravel Company of Asbury Park when the company went into receivership and became insolvent in 1932.

* United States Congress. "Elmer H. Geran (id: G000133)". *Biographical Directory of the United States Congress*.
* Elmer Hendrickson Geran at The Political Graveyard
* Elmer Hendrickson Geran at Find a Grave

## InfoBox

| Elmer Hendrickson Geran | |
| --- | --- |
| *Asbury Park Press*, November 3, 1949 | |
|  | |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from New Jersey's 3rd district | |
| **In office**
March 4, 1923  March 3, 1925 | |
| Preceded by | T. Frank Appleby |
| Succeeded by | Stewart H. Appleby |
| Member of the New Jersey General Assembly | |
| **In office**
1911–1912 | |
| **In office**
1916–1917 | |
| Sheriff of Monmouth County, New Jersey | |
| **In office**
1917–1920 | |
| Preceded by | Cornelius B. Barkalow |
| Succeeded by | Walter H. Gravatt |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | October 24, 1875
Matawan, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Died | January 12, 1954(1954-01-12) (aged 78)
Morganville, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Profession | politician |
|  | |


title: 1984 Amateur World Series

abstract: The 1984 Amateur World Series was the 28th Amateur World Series (AWS), an international men's amateur baseball tournament. The tournament was sanctioned by the International Baseball Federation. The tournament took place, for the ninth time, in Cuba, from October 14 to 28, and was won by host Cuba – its 17th AWS victory. There were 13 participating countries, including first-time participant Netherlands Antilles.

text:
# 1984 Amateur World Series

The **1984 Amateur World Series** was the 28th Amateur World Series (AWS), an international men's amateur baseball tournament. The tournament was sanctioned by the International Baseball Federation (which titled it the Baseball World Cup as of the 1988 tournament). The tournament took place, for the ninth time, in Cuba, from October 14 to 28, and was won by host Cuba  its 17th AWS victory.

There were 13 participating countries, including first-time participant Netherlands Antilles.

## Standings

| Pos | Team |
| --- | --- |
|  | Cuba |
|  | Chinese Taipei |
|  | United States |
| 4 | Japan |
| 5 | South Korea |
| 6 | Panama |
| 7 | Nicaragua |
| 8 | Puerto Rico |
| 9 | Venezuela |
| 10 | Netherlands Antilles |
| 11 | Italy |
| 12 | Dominican Republic |
| 13 | Netherlands |

## InfoBox

1984 Amateur World Series
| Tournament details | |
| --- | --- |
| Country | Cuba |
| Teams | 13 |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | Cuba (16th title) |
| Runner-up | Chinese Taipei |
| Third place | United States |
| Fourth place | Japan |
|  | |


title: 1984 Anguillian general election

text:
# 1984 Anguillian general election

Early general elections were held in Anguilla on 9 March 1984. The result was a victory for the Anguilla National Alliance, which won four of the seven seats in the House of Assembly. Chief Minister Ronald Webster lost his seat.

## Results

Bob Rogers and Clive Smith were appointed as the nominated members.

| Party | | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Anguilla National Alliance |  | | 4 | +2 |
|  | Anguilla People's Party |  | | 2 | –3 |
|  | Independents |  | | 1 | New |
| Appointed members | |  | | 2 | 0 |
| Total | |  | | 9 | 0 |
|  | | | | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | | 3,733 |  |  | |
| Source: Caribbean Elections | | | | | |


title: Apple Pie Hill

abstract: Apple Pie Hill is a hill in Tabernacle Township, Burlington County, New Jersey. It is 205 feet (62 m) tall, making it one of the highest points of the New Jersey Pine Barrens. A 60-foot-tall (18 m) fire tower stands atop the summit, offering views of the surrounding Pine Barrens. The skylines of Atlantic City and Philadelphia are visible from the top of the tower. It lies along the Batona Trail in Wharton State Forest, making it a popular hiking destination. On September 10, 2016, due to vandalism, the Department of Environmental Protection closed Apple Pie Hill to public access by erecting a fence around the tower. However, the tower is open to visitors when staff members are present and by appointment. Soils are sandy almost everywhere, with profiles that resemble classic podzol development; Atsion, Lakehurst, Lakewood, and Woodmansie are common soil series.

text:
# Apple Pie Hill

**Apple Pie Hill** is a hill in Tabernacle Township, Burlington County, New Jersey. It is 205 feet (62 m) tall, making it one of the highest points of the New Jersey Pine Barrens. A 60-foot-tall (18 m) fire tower stands atop the summit, offering views of the surrounding Pine Barrens. The skylines of Atlantic City and Philadelphia are visible from the top of the tower. It lies along the Batona Trail in Wharton State Forest, making it a popular hiking destination.

On September 10, 2016, due to vandalism, the Department of Environmental Protection closed Apple Pie Hill to public access by erecting a fence around the tower. However, the tower is open to visitors when staff members are present and by appointment.

Soils are sandy almost everywhere, with profiles that resemble classic podzol development; Atsion, Lakehurst, Lakewood, and Woodmansie are common soil series.

View from the fire tower atop Apple Pie Hill

## InfoBox

| Apple Pie Hill | |
| --- | --- |
| Summit of Apple Pie Hill | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 205 ft (62 m) |
| Coordinates | 39°48′26″N 74°35′22″W / 39.80722°N 74.58944°W / 39.80722; -74.58944 |
| Geography | |
| Apple Pie HillLocation of Apple Pie Hill in New Jersey | |
| Location | Wharton State Forest, Tabernacle Township, Burlington County, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Topo map | USGS Chatsworth |
| Climbing | |
| Easiest route | Batona Trail (hike) |


title: Apple Pie (album)

abstract: Apple Pie is a 1993 album by the Australian indie rock band Nice.

text:
# Apple Pie (album)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |

***Apple Pie*** is a 1993 album by the Australian indie rock band Nice.

## Track listing

1. "Casandra Nova" – 2:52
2. "Mr. Lee" – 2:51
3. "Cup of Coffee" – 2:35
4. "On My Back in the Madhouse" – 4:30
5. "Total Moon" – 3:28
6. "My Perfect Fire" – 4:03
7. "Hi Tension" – 3:00
8. "Curse of the Lees" – 2:25
9. "Seven Daze" – 3:34
10. "Doledrums" – 4:10
11. "Cunning and Sly" – 3:19
12. "Fucked Around" – 2:41
13. "Now" – 3:27

## InfoBox

| Apple Pie | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Compilation album by Nice | |
| Released | 1993 |
| Recorded | November 1991–December 1992 |
| Genre | Indie rock |
| Label | Feel Good All Over (FGA 69) |
| Nice chronology | |
| *Nice*
(1992) ***Apple Pie***
(1993) | |


title: Ara Nigoyan

abstract: Ara Nigoyan is a retired football defender and midfielder from Armenia. He obtained a total number of three caps for the national team. Nigoyan made his debut on 14 October 1992 against Moldova (0–0).

text:
# Ara Nigoyan

**Ara Nigoyan** (born 27 October 1968) is a retired football defender and midfielder from Armenia. He obtained a total number of three caps for the national team. Nigoyan made his debut on 14 October 1992 against Moldova (0–0).

## InfoBox

Ara Nigoyan
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Ara Nigoyan | | |
| Date of birth | (1968-10-27) 27 October 1968 | | |
| Place of birth | Soviet Armenia | | |
| Position(s) | Defender, midfielder | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1995 1996 | F.C. Ararat Tehran |  |  |
| 1996 1998 | F.C. Zob Ahan |  |  |
| 1998 2001 | FC Ararat Yerevan |  |  |
| International career | | | |
| 1992  1998 | Armenia | 3 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Ara Més

abstract: Ara Més is an electoral alliance formed in the Balearic Islands in April 2022 between More for Mallorca (Més), More for Menorca, Now Eivissa and independent people from Formentera, with the intention to contest the 2023 Spanish general election. In June 2023, following the early election call after the 28 May local and regional elections, the alliance started talks to join Yolanda Díaz's Sumar, reaching an agreement as Sumar Més, with the exception of Ara Eivissa, that rejected to be part of the coalition. Despite this, Ara Eivissa contested the Senate election as part of the Ibiza and Formentera in the Senate coalition. In early 2024, Ara Més joined Ara Repúbliques for the European Parliament election. In their electoral debut Ara Més ended up as the 5th most voted party in the Balearic Islands with 16.457 votes finishing after the far right.

text:
# Ara Més

**Ara Més** (transl.Now More) is an electoral alliance formed in the Balearic Islands in April 2022 between More for Mallorca (Més), More for Menorca (Més Menorca), Now Eivissa (Ara Eivissa) and independent people from Formentera, with the intention to contest the 2023 Spanish general election. In June 2023, following the early election call after the 28 May local and regional elections, the alliance started talks to join Yolanda Díaz's Sumar, reaching an agreement as Sumar Més, with the exception of Ara Eivissa, that rejected to be part of the coalition. Despite this, Ara Eivissa contested the Senate election as part of the Ibiza and Formentera in the Senate coalition. In early 2024, Ara Més joined Ara Repúbliques for the European Parliament election. In their electoral debut Ara Més ended up as the 5th most voted party in the Balearic Islands with 16.457 votes finishing after the far right.

## Composition

| Party | |
| --- | --- |
|  | More for Mallorca (Més) |
|  | More for Menorca (Més Menorca) |
|  | Now Eivissa (Ara Eivissa) |

## Electoral Performance

### European Parliament

| European Parliament | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Election | Total | | | | Balearic Islands | | |
| | 2024 | Within AR | | 0 / 61 | 0 | 16,547 | 5,17% (5th) |

## InfoBox

| Ara Més | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Founded | 29 April 2022 |
| Ideology | Democratic socialism
Green politics
Left-wing nationalism
Catalan nationalism |
| Political position | Left-wing |
| National affiliation | Ahora Repúblicas (since 2024) |
| Website | |
| https://arames.cat/ | |
|  | |