abstract: The 1990 New Zealand rugby union tour of France was a series of matches played between October and November 1990 in France by New Zealand national rugby union team

text:
# 1990 New Zealand rugby union tour of France

The **1990 New Zealand rugby union tour of France** was a series of matches played between October and November 1990 in France by New Zealand national rugby union team

## Results

*Scores and results list New Zealand's points tally first.*

| Opposing Team | For | Against | Date | Venue | Status |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Provence/Cote D'Azur Invitation XV | 15 | 19 | 17 October 1990 | Stade Mayol, Toulon | Tour match |
| Languedoc Selection | 22 | 6 | 20 October 1990 | Parc des Sports, Narbonne | Tour match |
| French XV | 27 | 24 | 24 October 1990 | St.Amédée-Domenech, Brive | Tour match |
| French Barbarians | 23 | 13 | 27 October 1990 | Stade Alfred Armandie, Agen | Tour match |
| Cote Basque-Landes | 12 | 18 | 30 October 1990 | Stade J. Dauger, Bayonne | Tour match |
| **France** | **24** | **3** | **3 November 1990** | **La Beaujoire, Nantes** | **Test match** |
| French XV | 22 | 15 | 6 November 1990 | St.Marcel-Deflandre, La Rochelle | Tour match |
| **France** | **30** | **12** | **10 November 1990** | **Parc des Princes, Paris** | **Test match** |

## Touring party

### Backs

### Forwards

Stephen Jones, ed. (1991). *Rothmans Rugby Union Yearbook 1991–92*. Queen Anne Press. ISBN 0-3562-0249-6.

## InfoBox

| 1990 New Zealand rugby union tour of France | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Summary | P **W** **D** **L** |
|  | |
| Total | 08 06 00 02 |
| Test match | 02 02 00 00 |
|  | |
| Opponent | P **W** **D** **L** |
|  | |
| France | 2  2  0  0 |


title: 2016 Nottingham Open

abstract: The 2016 Nottingham Open was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It will be the 9th edition of the event for the women and the 21st edition for the men. It is classified as a WTA International tournament on the 2016 WTA Tour and as an ATP World Tour 250 series tournament on the 2016 ATP World Tour. The event will take place at the Nottingham Tennis Centre in Nottingham, United Kingdom from 6 June through 12 June 2016 for the women, and from 20 June through 25 June 2016 for the men.

text:
# 2016 Nottingham Open

The **2016 Nottingham Open** (known for sponsorship reasons as the **Aegon Open Nottingham**) was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It will be the 9th edition of the event for the women and the 21st edition for the men. It is classified as a WTA International tournament on the 2016 WTA Tour and as an ATP World Tour 250 series tournament on the 2016 ATP World Tour. The event will take place at the Nottingham Tennis Centre in Nottingham, United Kingdom from 6 June through 12 June 2016 for the women, and from 20 June through 25 June 2016 for the men.

## ATP singles main-draw entrants

### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank1 | Seed |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| RSA | Kevin Anderson | 20 | 1 |
| URU | Pablo Cuevas | 26 | 2 |
| POR | João Sousa | 30 | 3 |
| UKR | Alexandr Dolgopolov | 31 | 4 |
| USA | Sam Querrey | 32 | 5 |
| USA | Steve Johnson | 39 | 6 |
| ITA | Andreas Seppi | 40 | 7 |
| LUX | Gilles Müller | 41 | 8 |
| CYP | Marcos Baghdatis | 42 | 9 |
| ESP | Pablo Carreño Busta | 44 | 10 |
| CAN | Vasek Pospisil | 46 | 11 |
| ITA | Paolo Lorenzi | 48 | 12 |
| ARG | Guido Pella | 52 | 13 |
| ESP | Fernando Verdasco | 53 | 14 |
| KAZ | Mikhail Kukushkin | 55 | 15 |
| LTU | Ričardas Berankis | 56 | 16 |

* 1 Rankings are as of 13 June 2016.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the main draw:

The following player received entry using a protected ranking:

The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:

### Withdrawals

Before the tournament

## ATP doubles main-draw entrants

### Seeds

| Country | Player | Country | Player | Rank1 | Seed |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| CRO | Ivan Dodig | BRA | Marcelo Melo | 23 | 1 |
| GBR | Dominic Inglot | CAN | Daniel Nestor | 43 | 2 |
| PHI | Treat Huey | BLR | Max Mirnyi | 51 | 3 |
| COL | Juan Sebastián Cabal | COL | Robert Farah | 54 | 4 |

* 1 Rankings are as of 13 June 2016.

### Other entrants

The following pairs received wildcards into the doubles main draw:

## WTA singles main-draw entrants

### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank1 | Seed |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| CZE | Karolína Plíšková | 19 | 1 |
| GBR | Johanna Konta | 21 | 2 |
| DEN | Caroline Wozniacki | 34 | 3 |
| PUR | Monica Puig | 53 | 4 |
| BEL | Yanina Wickmayer | 54 | 5 |
| GBR | Heather Watson | 56 | 6 |
| GER | Mona Barthel | 66 | 7 |
| USA | Christina McHale | 67 | 8 |

* 1 Rankings are as of 23 May 2016.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the main draw:

The following players received entry using a protected ranking:

The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:

The following players received entry as lucky losers:

### Withdrawals

Before the tournament

### Retirements

## WTA doubles main-draw entrants

### Seeds

| Country | Player | Country | Player | Rank1 | Seed |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| TPE | Chan Hao-ching | TPE | Chan Yung-jan | 12 | 1 |
| CHN | Xu Yifan | CHN | Zheng Saisai | 44 | 2 |
| CHN | Han Xinyun | CHN | Wang Yafan | 139 | 3 |
| CAN | Gabriela Dabrowski | CHN | Yang Zhaoxuan | 143 | 4 |

* 1 Rankings are as of 23 May 2016.

### Other entrants

The following pair received a wildcard into the doubles main draw:

### Withdrawals

During the tournament

## Champions

### Men's singles

### Women's singles

### Men's doubles

### Women's doubles

## InfoBox

| 2016 Nottingham Open | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | 18–25 June (men)
6–12 June (women) |
| Edition | 21st (men)
9th (women) |
| Category | WTA International (women)
ATP World Tour 250 (men) |
| Draw | 48S / 16D (men)
32S / 16D (women) |
| Prize money | € (men)
$250,000 (women) |
| Surface | Grass |
| Location | Nottingham, United Kingdom |
| Venue | Nottingham Tennis Centre |
| Champions | |
| Men's singles | |
| Steve Johnson | |
| Women's singles | |
| Karolína Plíšková | |
| Men's doubles | |
| Dominic Inglot /  Daniel Nestor | |
| Women's doubles | |
| Andrea Hlaváčková /  Peng Shuai | |
|  | |


title: Ellsworth Hunt Augustus

abstract: Ellsworth Hunt "Gus" Augustus was an American businessman from Cleveland, Ohio, who served as the tenth National president of the Boy Scouts of America. He lived in Waite Hill, Ohio, with his wife, Elizabeth Good "Betty" Augustus until his death in May 1964.

text:
# Ellsworth Hunt Augustus

**Ellsworth Hunt "Gus" Augustus** (November 23, 1897  May 16, 1964) was an American businessman from Cleveland, Ohio, who served as the tenth National president of the Boy Scouts of America. He lived in Waite Hill, Ohio, with his wife, Elizabeth Good "Betty" Augustus until his death in May 1964.

## Biography

He was born on November 23, 1897, in Cleveland, Ohio.

Ellsworth, an avid amateur golfer, once beat Bobby Jones at a charity golf event. He was characterized in a 1920 issue of *Vanity Fair* magazine as being the country's most powerful driver off the tee, demonstrating his golf swing in a series of time lapse photos.

Augustus and his wife had four children, Daneen, Albert Anthony Augustus II, Elizabeth (Betsy), and Margaret (Peggy).

He served for four years during World War II on active duty as an officer in the United States Navy Reserve aboard the troop ship, USS *West Point*, which was converted from the ocean liner *America*.

In 1950 he was appointed as the Cuyahoga County coordinator of Civil Defense at the request of Cleveland Mayor Thomas A. Burke and the county commissioners. Although Augustus and his staff had little experience with civil defense and limited guidance from the federal government, the civil defense organization soon developed organizational plans for a county-wide program that called for "tens of thousands of volunteers" to be "the county's defense troops."

Augustus hoped to train one member from each family in Cuyahoga County, or 375,000 people, in first aid. Further volunteer opportunities included 30,000 to 40,000 air raid war- dens, 5,000 police auxiliary officers, and 3,000 auxiliary firemen. Local schools also participated in the civil defense program. In February 1951, Cleveland school officials sent a letter to all parents describing the civil defense efforts in schools. Some schools taught their students how to protect themselves by ducking under their desks and covering their heads — the well-known "Duck and Cover" technique.

## Scouting

Augustus began his Scouting service in 1940 and served as vice president (1941–46) and president (1947–53) of the Greater Cleveland Council. He joined the National Executive Board in 1950 serving as chairman of Region 4 from 1956 to 1959. He received the Silver Beaver and Silver Antelope awards in 1951 and the Silver Buffalo Award in 1954.

He was elected president of the Boy Scouts of America in 1959 and served for five years until 1964. His service to the Scout movement included participating in the 11th World Scout Jamboree at Marathon, Greece, and 19th World Conference on the Isle of Rhodes. During 1964, he made an official visit to the Far East Council of the Boy Scouts of America with headquarters in Tokyo, Japan, and conferred with leaders of Scout associations in Taiwan, Korea, and Japan, where he received the highest distinction of the Scout Association of Japan, the Golden Pheasant Award.

## Legacy

He was an honorary brother of Alpha Phi Omega. In 1967 the Boy Scouts of America opened the Ellsworth H. Augustus International Scout House on the grounds of the former national office in North Brunswick, New Jersey, until closing in 1979 with the move of the office to Irving, Texas. Sub camp 20 at the 2001 National Scout Jamboree was named in his honor.

## InfoBox

| Ellsworth Hunt Augustus | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Tenth National President of the Boy Scouts of America | |
| **In office**<br>1959–1964 | |
| Preceded by | Kenneth K. Bechtel |
| Succeeded by | Thomas J. Watson Jr. |
|  | |
|  | |


title: 1963 Bandy World Championship

abstract: The 1963 Bandy World Championship was the third Bandy World Championship and was contested by four men's bandy playing nations. The championship was played in Sweden from 20 to 24 February 1963. The Soviet Union became champions.

text:
# 1963 Bandy World Championship

The **1963 Bandy World Championship** was the third Bandy World Championship and was contested by four men's bandy playing nations. The championship was played in Sweden from 20 to 24 February 1963. The Soviet Union became champions.

## Results

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Group stage result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Soviet Union (C) | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 2 | +20 | 6 | World Champions |
| 2 | Finland | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 3 |  |
| 3 | Sweden (H) | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 9 | +3 | | 2 |
| 4 | Norway | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 22 | 19 | | 1 |

Updated to match(es) played on completed. Source:
(C) Champions; (H) Hosts

| Finland | 1–6 | Soviet Union |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |

Nässjö

| Norway | 0–12 | Sweden |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |

Karlstad

| Soviet Union | 8–1 | Norway |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |

Backavallen, Katrineholm

| Sweden | 0–1 | Finland |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |

Studenternas IP, Uppsala

| Finland | 2–2 | Norway |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |

Västerås

| Sweden | 0–8 | Soviet Union |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |

Stockholm Olympic Stadium, Stockholm

## InfoBox

1963 Bandy World Championship
| 3rd Bandy World Championship | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Tournament details | |
| Host country | Sweden |
| Dates | 20 – 24 February |
| Teams | 4 |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | Soviet Union |
| Runner-up | Finland |
| Third place | Sweden |
| Fourth place | Norway |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Games played | 6 |
| Goals scored | 41 (6.83 per game) |
|  | |


abstract: The 1958 Long Beach State 49ers football team represented Long Beach State College—now known as California State University, Long Beach—as a member of the California Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA) during the 1958 college football season. Led by first-year head coach Don Reed, the 49ers compiled an overall record of 2–6–1 with a mark of 1–3–1 in conference play, placing fifth in the CCAA. The team played home games at Veterans Memorial Stadium adjacent to the campus of Long Beach City College in Long Beach, California.

text:
# 1958 Long Beach State 49ers football team

1958 California Collegiate Athletic Association football standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | T |  |  | W |  | L |  | T |
| No. 15 Cal Poly | 4 |  | 1 |  | 0 |  |  | 9 |  | 1 |  | 0 |
| Fresno State $ | 4 |  | 1 |  | 0 |  |  | 5 |  | 5 |  | 0 |
| UC Santa Barbara | 3 |  | 2 |  | 0 |  |  | 4 |  | 4 |  | 1 |
| San Diego State | 2 |  | 3 |  | 0 |  |  | 3 |  | 5 |  | 0 |
| Long Beach State | 1 |  | 3 |  | 1 |  |  | 2 |  | 6 |  | 1 |
| Los Angeles State | 0 |  | 4 |  | 1 |  |  | 4 |  | 4 |  | 1 |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| * $  Conference champion Rankings from UPI small college poll | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The **1958 Long Beach State 49ers football team** represented Long Beach State College—now known as California State University, Long Beach—as a member of the California Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA) during the 1958 college football season. Led by first-year head coach Don Reed, the 49ers compiled an overall record of 2–6–1 with a mark of 1–3–1 in conference play, placing fifth in the CCAA. The team played home games at Veterans Memorial Stadium adjacent to the campus of Long Beach City College in Long Beach, California.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance | Source |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| September 20 | at San Francisco State* |  | L 0–14 | 3,500 |  |
| September 27 | at Sacramento State* |  | L 14–26 | 3,500 |  |
| October 3 | San Diego State |  | L 12–20 | 3,000 |  |
| October 11 | Chico State* | * Veterans Memorial Stadium * Long Beach, CA | W 28–8 | 2,300 |  |
| October 18 | UC Santa Barbara | * Veterans Memorial Stadium * Long Beach, CA | W 12–7 |  |  |
| October 25 | at No. 18 Cal Poly |  | L 2–26 |  |  |
| November 1 | Pepperdine* | * Veterans Memorial Stadium * Long Beach, CA | L 22–26 | 4,887 |  |
| November 8 | at Fresno State |  | L 6–22 | 8,000 |  |
| November 15 | at Los Angeles State |  | T 6–6 | 1,720 |  |
| * \*Non-conference game * Homecoming * Rankings from UPI Poll released prior to the game | | | | | |

## InfoBox

| 1958 Long Beach State 49ers football | |
| --- | --- |
| Conference | California Collegiate Athletic Association |
| Record | 2–6–1 (1–3–1 CCAA) |
| Head coach |  |
| Home stadium | Veterans Memorial Stadium |
|


abstract: The Federal Communications Commission Process Reform Act of 2013 (H.R. 3675) is a bill that would make a number of changes to procedures that the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) follows in its rulemaking processes. The FCC would have to act in a more transparent way as a result of this bill, forced to accept public input about regulations. Although the FCC would be allowed to decide on its own transparency guidelines, it would have to report annually on how well it was meeting those guidelines. The FCC would also have to provide notice about rules it was writing and allow for comment. The bill passed in the United States House of Representatives with a voice vote during the 113th United States Congress.

text:
# Federal Communications Commission Process Reform Act of 2013

The **Federal Communications Commission Process Reform Act of 2013** (H.R. 3675) is a bill that would make a number of changes to procedures that the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) follows in its rulemaking processes. The FCC would have to act in a more transparent way as a result of this bill, forced to accept public input about regulations. Although the FCC would be allowed to decide on its own transparency guidelines, it would have to report annually on how well it was meeting those guidelines. The FCC would also have to provide notice about rules it was writing and allow for comment.

The bill passed in the United States House of Representatives with a voice vote during the 113th United States Congress.

## Background

A similar bill was considered and passed by the House during the 112th United States Congress, but failed in the Senate and had little support from the Democrats. At the time, Democrats feared the bill would hurt the FCC's power to help consumers. In order to get Democratic support for this newer version, Rep. Walden, chairman of the United States House Energy Subcommittee on Communications and Technology, removed the controversial provisions that the Democrats had opposed. Changes included the removal of provisions that limited the FCC's ability to place conditions on mergers and the lack of a requirement for newly proposed FCC rules to receive a cost-benefit analysis before imposition.

## Provisions of the bill

*This summary is based largely on the summary provided by the Congressional Research Service, a public domain source.*

The Federal Communications Commission Process Reform Act of 2013 would amend the Communications Act of 1934 to require the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to complete a rulemaking proceeding to adopt rules establishing:

* minimum comment and reply periods for rulemakings;
* policies to ensure that the public has notice and an opportunity to respond to comments, ex parte communications, or materials submitted toward the end of, or after, the comment period;
* procedures for publishing the status of open rulemakings and items circulated for Commissioners' review;
* deadlines for public notice, and guidelines for disposition, of certain petitions; and
* procedures to include the specific language of proposed rules or amendments in proposed rulemaking notices.

The bill would require performance measures to be included in notices of proposed rulemakings or orders that would create or substantially change a program activity. Defines "program activity" as a specific activity or project as listed in the program and financing schedules of the U.S. annual budget, including any annual collection or distribution or related series of collections or distributions by the FCC of $100 million or more.

The bill would direct the FCC to seek public comment regarding whether the FCC should: (1) establish procedures for allowing a bipartisan majority of Commissioners to place items on an open meeting agenda and for publishing in advance of such meetings the text of agenda items on which the FCC will vote; (2) establish deadlines for the disposition of certain license applications; and (3) publish orders, decisions, reports, and actions within 30 days after adoption.

The bill would require the FCC to initiate a new rulemaking proceeding every five years to continue its consideration of procedural rule changes.

The bill would allow a bipartisan majority of Commissioners to hold a nonpublic meeting, including a meeting to collaborate with joint boards or conferences, if: (1) no votes or actions are taken, and (2) an attorney from the FCC's Office of General Counsel is present. Requires such a closed meeting to be disclosed within two business days after the meeting, along with a list of persons in attendance and a summary of discussed matters, provided that such matters are not classified or otherwise exempt from disclosure.

The bill would direct the FCC to provide on its website: (1) information regarding the FCC's budget, appropriations, and total number of full-time equivalent employees; (2) the FCC's annual performance plan; and (3) information about consumer complaints in a publicly available, searchable database.

The bill would direct the FCC to complete actions necessary for the required publication of documents in the Federal Register within specified time frames.

The bill would require the FCC to inform the public about its performance and efficiency in meeting disclosure and other requirements under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), including by: (1) publishing on the FCC website its logs for managing FOIA requests and associated fees, (2) releasing decisions to grant or deny requests, and (3) presenting information about the number of FOIA requests received and granted or denied by the FCC in its annual budget estimates and annual performance and financial reports.

The bill would direct the FCC, by January 15 of each year, to publish on its website and in other required formats an anticipated release schedule for all statistical reports and reports to Congress.

The bill would require annual reports to Congress on the FCC's performance in conducting its proceedings and meeting the deadlines and guidelines established by this Act.

The bill would prohibit the FCC, in compiling its quarterly report with respect to informal consumer inquiries and complaints, from categorizing an inquiry or complaint under the Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991 (places restrictions on telephone solicitations and automatic dialing systems) as a wireline or wireless inquiry or complaint unless a wireline or wireless carrier was the subject of the inquiry or complaint.

The bill would exempt permanently from the Antideficiency Act (prohibits expenditures or obligations of federal funds exceeding an amount available in an appropriation or fund) the collection of Universal Service Fund contributions and the use of such contributions for universal service support programs. (Currently, universal service funds are collected and distributed under a temporary waiver provided in the Universal Service Antideficiency Temporary Suspension Act.)

## Congressional Budget Office report

*This summary is based largely on the summary provided by the Congressional Budget Office, as ordered reported by the House Committee on Energy and Commerce on December 10, 2013. THis is a public domain source.*

H.R. 3675 would make a number of changes to procedures that the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) follows in its rulemaking processes. The bill also would require the FCC to create a public database of information about complaints made by consumers of telecommunications services. Finally, the bill would permanently exempt the Universal Service Fund (USF) from provisions of the Antideficiency Act.

The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that enacting H.R. 3675 would increase direct spending by $197 million over the 2014-2023 period; therefore, pay-as-you-go procedures apply. Enacting H.R. 3675 would not affect revenues.

Further, CBO estimates that implementing H.R. 3675 to amend the FCC's operating procedures would cost $15 million over the next five years, assuming appropriation of the necessary amounts; however, the FCC is authorized to collect fees sufficient to offset the cost of its regulatory activities each year. Therefore, CBO estimates that the net cost to implement those provisions of H.R. 3675 would not be significant, assuming annual appropriation actions consistent with the agency's authorities.

H.R. 3675 contains no intergovernmental mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act and would not affect the budgets of state, local, or tribal governments.

To the extent that the FCC would increase annual fee collections to offset the costs of implementing its additional regulatory activities, the bill would impose a private-sector mandate on some commercial entities regulated by the FCC. Based on information from the FCC, CBO estimates that the cost of the mandate would be small, and fall well below the annual threshold established in UMRA for private-sector mandates ($152 million in 2014, adjusted annually for inflation).

## Procedural history

The Federal Communications Commission Process Reform Act of 2013 was introduced into the United States House of Representatives on December 9, 2013 by Rep. Greg Walden (R, OR-2). It was referred to the United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce. On January 31, 2014, it was reported (amended) by the committee alongside House Report 113-338. On March 7, 2014, House Majority Leader Eric Cantor announced that H.R. 311 would be considered under a suspension of the rules on March 11, 2014.

## Debate and discussion

The bill's sponsor, Rep. Greg Walden, indicated that the bill was written in response, among other things, to a proposed FCC study on the decisions made by newspaper editorial boards. Walden argued that "Americans deserve greater... transparency and accountability from their government," particularly because "an item as controversial as this study made it all the way through the FCC without so much as a commission vote." The study was deemed "dangerous" because it the free speech and freedom of the press rights of the newspapers.

Rep. Mike Doyle (D-PA) also argued in favor of the bill because "the FCC is charged with overseeing industries that make up one-sixth of our national economy."

Rep. Anna Eshoo (D-CA) expected Senate support for the bill, saying that they "shouldn't find it menacing" and arguing that the bill "is about the functioning of the FCC in the 21st century."

AT&T supported the bill with Executive Vice President - Federal Relations Tim McKone saying that its "much needed institutional reforms will help arm the agency with the tools to keep pace with the Internet speed of today's marketplace. It will also ensure that outmoded regulatory practices for today's competitive marketplace are properly placed in the dustbin of history."

## Notes/References

This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Government.

## InfoBox

Federal Communications Commission Process Reform Act of 2013
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Long title | To amend the Communications Act of 1934 to provide for greater transparency and efficiency in the procedures followed by the Federal Communications Commission. |
| Announced in | the 113th United States Congress |
| Sponsored by | Rep. Greg Walden (R, OR-2) |
| Number of co-sponsors | 1 |
| Codification | |
| Acts affected | Communications Act of 1934, Freedom of Information Act |
| U.S.C. sections affected | 5 U.S.C. § 552b, 31 U.S.C. § 1115, 5 U.S.C. § 553, 47 U.S.C. § 227, 47 U.S.C. § 151 et seq., and others. |
| Agencies affected | Federal Communications Commission |
| Legislative history | |
|  | |


title: 2004 CONCACAF Futsal Championship

abstract: The 2004 CONCACAF Futsal Championship was the 3rd edition of the CONCACAF Futsal Championship, the quadrennial international futsal championship organised by CONCACAF for the men's national teams of the North, Central American and Caribbean region. The tournament was held in Heredia, Costa Rica between 23 July–1 August 2004. A total of eight teams played in the tournament. Same as previous editions, the tournament acted as the CONCACAF qualifiers for the FIFA Futsal World Cup. The top two teams of the tournament qualified for the 2004 FIFA Futsal World Championship in Chinese Taipei as the CONCACAF representatives.

text:
# 2004 CONCACAF Futsal Championship

The **2004 CONCACAF Futsal Championship** was the 3rd edition of the CONCACAF Futsal Championship, the quadrennial international futsal championship organised by CONCACAF for the men's national teams of the North, Central American and Caribbean region. The tournament was held in Heredia, Costa Rica between 23 July–1 August 2004. A total of eight teams played in the tournament.

Same as previous editions, the tournament acted as the CONCACAF qualifiers for the FIFA Futsal World Cup. The top two teams of the tournament qualified for the 2004 FIFA Futsal World Championship in Chinese Taipei as the CONCACAF representatives.

## Qualification

Results:

Was held in  Costa Rica:

### North and Central Zone

United States- Honduras

Mexico- El Salvador

Panama- Canada

Date/Time Match

18/05/2004 USA Honduras 5 1

20/05/2004 Mexico Club Internacional de Futbol Sivar 10 4

20/05/2004 Honduras USA 0 2

21/05/2004 Panama Canada 4 5

22/05/2004 Canada Panama 1 7

22/05/2004 Club Internacional de Futbol Sivar Mexico 5 7

Club Internacional de Futbol Sivar =  El Salvador

### Caribbean

Standing : Group A - Round

1. Team PT MP W D L GF GA +/-

1  Trinidad and Tobago 9 3 3 0 0 17 7 10

2  Netherlands Antilles 6 3 2 0 1 16 9 7

3  Grenada 3 3 1 0 2 10 16 -6

4  Puerto Rico 0 3 0 0 3 6 17 -11

Group A - Round

Date/Time Match

19/04/2004 Grenada Netherlands Antiles 2 6

19/04/2004 Trinidad and Tobago Puerto Rico 4 2

20/04/2004 Puerto Rico Grenada 1 6

20/04/2004 Netherlands Antiles Trinidad and Tobago 3 4

21/04/2004 Trinidad and Tobago Grenada 9 2

21/04/2004 Puerto Rico Netherlands Antiles 3 7

Standing : Group B - Round

1. Team PT MP W D L GF GA +/-

1  Guyana 9 3 3 0 0 29 9 20

2  Suriname 6 3 2 0 1 27 8 19

3  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 3 3 1 0 2 4 18 -14

4  Turks and Caicos Islands 0 3 0 0 3 3 28 -25

Group B - Round

Date/Time Match

19/04/2004 Suriname St. Vincent and the Grenadines 7 0

19/04/2004 Guyana Turks and Caicos Islands 11 2

20/04/2004 Turks and Caicos Islands Suriname 1 15

20/04/2004 St. Vincent and the Grenadines Guyana 2 11

21/04/2004 Suriname Guyana 5 7

21/04/2004 Turks and Caicos Islands St. Vincent and the Grenadines 0 2

3th Place Match

Date/Time Match

23/04/2004 Suriname Netherlands Antiles 9 4

Final

Date/Time Match

23/04/2004 Trinidad and Tobago Guyana 5 0

### Qualified teams

The following eight teams qualified for the final tournament.

| Team | Qualification | Appearance | Previous best performances | Previous FIFA Futsal World Cup appearances |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| North American Zone (NAFU) qualified through North / Central American qualifying play-off | | | | |
| Mexico | Play-off winner | 3rd | Third place (1996) | 0 |
| United States | Play-off winner | 3rd | Winners (1996) | 3 |
| Central American Zone (UNCAF) qualified through North / Central American qualifying play-off | | | | |
| Costa Rica | Hosts | 3rd | Winners (2000) | 2 |
| Panama | Play-off winner | 1st |  | 0 |
| Caribbean Zone (CFU) qualified through Caribbean qualifying tournament | | | | |
| Trinidad and Tobago | Winners | 1st |  | 0 |
| Guyana | Runners-up | 1st |  | 0 |
| Suriname | Third place | 2nd | Group stage (2000) | 0 |
| Cuba | Automatic | 3rd | Runners-up (1996, 2000) | 1 |

## Venues

The matches were played at the Palacio de los Deportes in Heredia.

## Squads

## Group stage

The top two teams of each group advanced to the semi-finals. The semi-final winners qualified for the 2004 FIFA Futsal World Championship. The teams were ranked according to points (3 points for a win, 1 point for a draw, 0 points for a loss). If tied on points, tiebreakers would be applied in the following order:

1. Goal difference in all group matches;
2. Greatest number of goals scored in all group matches;
3. Greatest number of points obtained in the group matches between the teams concerned;
4. Goal difference resulting from the group matches between the teams concerned;
5. Greater number of goals scored in all group matches between the teams concerned;
6. Drawing of lots.

All times were local, CST (UTC−6).

### Group A

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Costa Rica | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 23 | 2 | +21 | 9 | Knockout stage |
| 2 | Mexico | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 13 | 1 | | 6 |
| 3 | Trinidad and Tobago | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 16 | 4 | 3 |  |
| 4 | Suriname | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 10 | 26 | 16 | | 0 |

Source: RSSSF

| 23 July 2004 | **Mexico** | **6–4** | **Trinidad and Tobago** | Heredia, Costa Rica |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Contreras  12'  24'
Montiel  14'
Olvera  22'
López  29'
Huerta  39' |  | 6'  40' Balthazar
16' Small
21' James | Stadium: Palacio de los Deportes
Attendance: 100
Referee: Carlos del Cid (GUA) |

| 23 July 2004 | **Costa Rica** | **13–1** | **Suriname** | Heredia, Costa Rica |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Jú. Rodríguez  13'  15'
Montoya  16'  27'  37'
Carvajal  18'
Chávez  19'  38'
Ruiz  22'  24'
Jo. Rodríguez  23'
Barrantes  39'  40' |  | 33' Feller | Stadium: Palacio de los Deportes
Attendance: 750
Referee: Terry Mashino (USA) |

---

| 25 July 2004 | **Suriname** | **5–6** | **Mexico** | Heredia, Costa Rica |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Derby  23'
Brandon  23'
Doesburg  35'
Zebeda  36'
Feller  40' |  | 1' Contreras
15' Ramírez
16' Castañeda
18' López
29' Huerta
35' Montiel | Stadium: Palacio de los Deportes
Attendance: 700
Referee: Antonio Álvarez (CUB) |

| 25 July 2004 | **Costa Rica** | **6–1** | **Trinidad and Tobago** | Heredia, Costa Rica |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Montoya  3'
Vindas  30'
Chávez  34'
Rodríguez  35'
Ruiz  36'
Arce  38' |  | 38' Lee | Stadium: Palacio de los Deportes
Attendance: 700
Referee: Donald Campos (NCA) |

---

| 27 July 2004 | **Trinidad and Tobago** | **7–4** | **Suriname** | Heredia, Costa Rica |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Balthazar  17'  18'
Olliverra  21'
James  28'
Joseph  30'
Small  36'
Lee  38' |  | 3'  35'  37' Brandon
34' Zebeda | Stadium: Palacio de los Deportes
Attendance: 350
Referee: Roy McArthur (GUY) |

| 27 July 2004 | **Costa Rica** | **4–0** | **Mexico** | Heredia, Costa Rica |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Ruiz  10'
Carvaja  28'
Arce  30'
Barrantes  38' |  |  | Stadium: Palacio de los Deportes
Attendance: 1,980
Referee: Ricardo Díaz (PAN) |

### Group B

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Cuba | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 13 | 4 | +9 | 7 | Knockout stage |
| 2 | United States | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 9 | 3 | +6 | | 5 |
| 3 | Panama | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 7 | +3 | 4 |  |
| 4 | Guyana | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 24 | 18 | | 0 |

Source: RSSSF

| 24 July 2004 | **United States** | **2–2** | **Panama** | Heredia, Costa Rica |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Howes  26'
Shanker  32' |  | 20'  32' Rangel | Stadium: Palacio de los Deportes
Attendance: 103
Referee: Emilio Dongu (MEX) |

| 24 July 2004 | **Guyana** | **3–10** | **Cuba** | Heredia, Costa Rica |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Bentick  10'
Grant  25'
Nassy  40' |  | 2'  33'  37' Saname
8'  11' Díaz
12'  36' Guerra
13' Morales
26' Serrano
38' Chapman | Stadium: Palacio de los Deportes
Attendance: 103
Referee: Jorge Ruiz (CRC) |

---

| 26 July 2004 | **United States** | **6–0** | **Guyana** | Heredia, Costa Rica |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Shanker  20'
Dusosky  22'  23'
White  27'  35'
Gustaferro  28' (pen.) |  |  | Stadium: Palacio de los Deportes
Attendance: 45
Referee: Víctor Prendas (CRC) |

| 26 July 2004 | **Cuba** | **2–0** | **Panama** | Heredia, Costa Rica |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Serrano  18'  26' |  |  | Stadium: Palacio de los Deportes
Attendance: 95
Referee: Ernest Richardson (GRN) |

---

| 28 July 2004 | **Panama** | **8–3** | **Guyana** | Heredia, Costa Rica |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Rangel  5'  33'  35'
Williams  7'
Alvarado  25'
Smith  28'  35'
Murillo  38' |  | 15' Douglas
28' Hayde
37' Waterton | Stadium: Palacio de los Deportes
Attendance: 53
Referee: Emilio Dongu (MEX) |

| 28 July 2004 | **Cuba** | **1–1** | **United States** | Heredia, Costa Rica |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Morales  7' |  | 30' (pen.) Gustaferro | Stadium: Palacio de los Deportes
Attendance: 71
Referee: Jorge Ruiz (CRC) |

## Knockout stage

In the knockout stage, extra time and penalty shoot-out would be used to decide the winner if necessary.

### Bracket

### Semi-finals

| 30 July 2004 | **Cuba** | **5–4** | **Mexico** | Heredia, Costa Rica |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Morales  2'
Guerra  2'
Díaz  10'  14' (pen.)  39' (pen.) |  | 3' Huerta
11' Contreras
35' Ramírez
38' Castañeda | Stadium: Palacio de los Deportes
Attendance: 2,741
Referee: John Konstantinidis (USA) |

| 30 July 2004 | **Costa Rica** | **0–4** | **United States** | Heredia, Costa Rica |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  | 9' (pen.) Gustaferro
26'  38' Howes
40' Shanker | Stadium: Palacio de los Deportes
Attendance: 2,741
Referee: Vladimir Goitisolo (CUB) |

### Third place playoff

| 1 August 2004 | **Costa Rica** | **12–5** | **Mexico** | Heredia, Costa Rica |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Rodríguez  4'  11'  18'
Chávez  12'  13'
Ruiz  19'  24'  34'  35'
Montoya  21'
Vindas  33'  38' |  | 22' López
23' Huerta
27'  31' Olvera
36' Ramírez | Stadium: Palacio de los Deportes
Attendance: 175
Referee: Ricardo Díaz (PAN) |

### Final

| 1 August 2004 | **Cuba** | **0–2** | **United States** | Heredia, Costa Rica |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  | 20' Howes
26' D'Ambra | Stadium: Palacio de los Deportes
Attendance: 175
Referee: Ernest Richardson (GRN) |

## Winner

| 2004 CONCACAF Futsal Championship |
| --- |
| **
United States
Second title** |

## Final ranking

| Rank | Team |
| --- | --- |
|  | United States |
|  | Cuba |
|  | Costa Rica |
| 4 | Mexico |
| 5 | Panama |
| 6 | Trinidad and Tobago |
| 7 | Suriname |
| 8 | Guyana |

## InfoBox

2004 CONCACAF Futsal Championship
| Campeonato de Futsal de CONCACAF 2016 | |
| --- | --- |
| Tournament details | |
| Host country | Costa Rica |
| City | Heredia |
| Dates | 23 July – 1 August |
| Teams | 8 (from 1 confederation) |
| Venue(s) | 1 (in 1 host city) |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | United States (2nd title) |
| Runners-up | Cuba |
| Third place | Costa Rica |
| Fourth place | Mexico |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 16 |
| Goals scored | 127 (7.94 per match) |
| Attendance | 10,882 (680 per match) |
| Top scorer(s) | Jefrid Ruiz (8 goals) |
| Best player(s) | Juan Portal |
| Best goalkeeper | Brett Phillips |
| Fair play award | United States |
|


title: Essen Hauptbahnhof

abstract: Essen Hauptbahnhof is a railway station in the city of Essen in western Germany. It is situated south of the old town centre, next to the A 40 motorway. It was opened in 1862 by the Bergisch-Märkische Eisenbahn. However, the station was not the first in Essen: as the station called Essen on the Köln-Mindener Eisenbahn was opened in 1847. The station suffered extensive damage in World War II and was almost completely rebuilt in the 1950s and 1960s. During the following years, the Essen Stadtbahn and the A 40 were other construction projects affecting the station. Today it is an important hub for local, regional and long-distance services, with all major InterCityExpress and InterCity trains calling at the station as well as RegionalExpress and Rhein-Ruhr S-Bahn services. Trains of all kinds call at the station, from long distance to local services. It used to be one of the Metropolitan stops on the Hamburg to Cologne line before the service was discontinued in 2002. There are night services by EuroNight trains to cities such as Moscow and Brussels, and DB NachtZug trains to Zurich and Vienna, among others. Some 400 trains pass through the station each day, making Essen Hauptbahnhof the third busiest railway station in the Ruhr Area after Dortmund Hauptbahnhof and Duisburg Hauptbahnhof.

text:
# Essen Hauptbahnhof

**Essen Hauptbahnhof** (German for "Essen main station") is a railway station in the city of Essen in western Germany. It is situated south of the old town centre, next to the A 40 motorway. It was opened in 1862 by the Bergisch-Märkische Eisenbahn. However, the station was not the first in Essen: as the station called *Essen* (today Essen-Altenessen) on the Köln-Mindener Eisenbahn was opened in 1847.

The station suffered extensive damage in World War II and was almost completely rebuilt in the 1950s and 1960s. During the following years, the Essen Stadtbahn and the A 40 were other construction projects affecting the station. Today it is an important hub for local, regional and long-distance services, with all major InterCityExpress and InterCity trains calling at the station as well as RegionalExpress and Rhein-Ruhr S-Bahn services.

Trains of all kinds call at the station, from long distance to local services. It used to be one of the Metropolitan stops on the Hamburg to Cologne line before the service was discontinued in 2002. There are night services by EuroNight trains to cities such as Moscow and Brussels, and DB NachtZug trains to Zurich and Vienna, among others.

Some 400 trains pass through the station each day, making Essen Hauptbahnhof the third busiest railway station in the Ruhr Area after Dortmund Hauptbahnhof and Duisburg Hauptbahnhof.

## Station facilities

Essen Hauptbahnhof is a "separation" station, where trains divide to run on several different routes. Its platforms have individual platform canopies. In addition to through platforms, the station has some bay platforms for trains on the line towards Gelsenkirchen and Münster and lines to Hagen and Borken.

A centrally located concourse runs across and under the railway tracks on two levels, and are connected by stairs and escalators. On the lower level there are shops and, south of the entrance hall, a travel centre; on both levels there are restaurants. The lower level allows passage from central Essen to the north of the station to Essen-Südviertel in the south. The upper level serves as the circulation level giving access to the tracks. Direct access to the platforms is possible via lifts from the lower level. A pedestrian tunnel at the eastern end of the platforms also allows passage from central Essen to the *Südviertel* district.

Below the station there is an underground station on two levels (one a circulation level and below that, four platform tracks) serving the trams and the Essen Stadtbahn, which are operated by *Ruhrbahn*. It has an unusual appearance with its pervasive blue light.

## History

On 1 March 1862 the Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company (*Bergisch-Märkische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft*) opened the section of the Witten/Dortmund–Oberhausen/Duisburg railway between Bochum and Mülheim an der Ruhr. The station that developed into Essen Hauptbahnhof, but was known until 1897 as *Essen BM* station, was opened on this line. It was not the first station in Essen. In 1846 Berge-Borbeck station (known since 1914 as *Essen-Bergeborbeck*) was opened on the Duisburg–Dortmund railway of the Cologne-Minden Railway Company (*Cöln-Mindener Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft*, CME) as the first station in the current city of Essen. In 1847, the CME opened the then major station of *Essen CME* (now Essen-Altenessen station) on the Duisburg–Dortmund railway (part of its trunk line).

### The two earlier station buildings

#### Entrance building of 1862

The first entrance building of the station, originally called *Essen BM*, at today's Hachestrasse, a partly half-timbered building from 1862, was unable to cope with the rapidly growing city of Essen during the period of industrialisation in the late 19th century and was closed in 1897. The construction of a temporary wooden hall on the station roof and smaller auxiliary buildings did not provide any significant improvement for increasing passenger flows.

The Essen station mission (*Bahnhofsmission*, a charity providing assistance at stations) opened in 1897, making it one of the oldest in Germany.

The station tracks still crossed Kettwiger Straße at a level crossing. An elevated, grade-separated system of tracks was put into operation on 15 June 1899 so that Kettwiger Strasse now passed underneath.

#### Entrance building of Fritz Klingholz

The wooden station building was replaced by a stately entrance building based on plans by the architect Fritz Klingholz and plans of parts by other architects. It was erected under the direction of the Prussian construction director Alexander Rüdell. Further work was carried out by the *Königlichen Eisenbahndirektion zu Essen* (Royal Railway Directorate at Essen) and especially the iron structures under the direction of *Ministerialdirektor* Schroeder. Between 1897 and 1905, the station was renamed from *Essen BM* to its present name of *Essen Hauptbahnhof* as the Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company had been dissolved and nationalised in 1886.

The basic structure of the new entrance building was an iron structure that was visible on the interior of the ceilings and walls. The reason for the erection of iron girders was the fear of mining subsidence as a result of the deep coal mining in Essen. The surrounding walls of the side aisles, the gable ends and the transverse walls of the central hall were built of bricks. The structure of the outer walls was made from Lauterecken sandstone as a veneer over red brick. The gable roof was covered with interlocking tiles. The clock tower on the northwest corner of the building had an illuminated dial. The design of the building, which had a Renaissance Revival style with Gothic Revival elements, primarily catered for its transport function. All routes for passengers and luggage were on one level, with a passenger tunnel leading to the platforms. The entrance and exit areas in the station building were clearly separated. The waiting rooms, equipped with a ladies' room and a non-smoking room, were located in the eastern wing of the building. The walls of the waiting rooms for the first and second class passengers were two metres high with red-brown and dark green tiles, while those of the third and fourth class had dark yellow bricks. This station building's wing had a basement for the station management. There were also cellars under the central hall and the ticket hall, which was located in the western wing of the building. The central or main hall had a square floor plan with a side length of 18.42 metres. An externally accessible staircase on the eastern side of the building led to the upper attic and to the extended attic, both of which were used by the railway company. The stairs also reached the attic.

Platform 1 had its own platform canopy. The two island platforms, on the other hand, were spanned by a two-span train shed, the construction of which was carried out by the August Klönne company of Dortmund. The train shed was 130 m-long, 10.7 m-high and was carried by arch trusses with a span of 21.33 m on cast iron columns spaced 8.6 m apart. Another, southern platform had a barrel roof arranged at right angles to the track.

The station was completed in December 1902. On the platform there was a branch of the main post office, including a telegraph office, and on the northern station forecourt there was a stopping place for cabs. By 1930, the Kettwiger Straße underpass had been widened with the installation of an extra span.

### First World War

At the outbreak of the First World War, many troop transport trains ran through the station in August 1914 and continued west to the front. The trains stopped briefly and the soldiers were given refreshments.

A help centre had been set up in the main station by the Red Cross to receive those arriving by the hospital trains. Two hospital trains commuted between the Western Front and the Ruhr to bring the wounded home between 1914 and 1918. The first train arrived at Essen Hauptbahnhof with around 300 wounded troops on 30 August 1914. By the end of the war, around 150,000 wounded had reached Essen. The train, the *Julius von Waldthausen*, named after a member of a patrician family from Essen, had 25 wagons hauled by a Prussian P 8.

The nail man *Schmied von Essen* (blacksmith of Essen) by the Berlin sculptor, Ludwig Nick (1873–1936), was erected on 25 July 1915 in a pavilion on the station forecourt designed by Essen architect Edmund Körner. The figure was considered a symbol of the willingness to donate in the First World War. Anyone who paid an amount of money could hammer an iron, silver, or gold nail into the smith or one of the side panels. The blacksmith's relief was moved to the Stadtgarten (city garden) after the war and was installed in a light well in the Grugapark in 1934, where it was destroyed in an Allied air raid in World War II.

### Occupation of the Ruhr

After the occupation of the Ruhr, a special train brought six hundred police back to Essen on 1 August 1925. They were expelled by the French in 1923 and had served in Münster and Gliwice (then called Gleiwitz) in the meantime. The returning police officers were welcomed at the station by a crowd, who accompanied them on a triumphal procession to their accommodation on Lührmannstrasse in Rüttenscheid.

### Second World War

In the Second World War nine trains ran from Essen Hauptbahnhof and Segeroth station, taking a total of around 1200 Essen Jews to extermination camps in Nazi-occupied Central Europe, mostly the General Government and Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. The first train transported around 200 people to the Łódź Ghetto and another eight ran to the Auschwitz concentration camp and to the Theresienstadt Ghetto. Hardly anyone survived. These trains departed Essen between 27 October 1941 and 9 September 1943. Surrounded by armed guards, these trains were operated in broad daylight in front of other passengers and the rest of the train traffic was not interrupted.

The Essen station mission, like the other station missions, was suppressed during the Second World War.

Allied air raids in 1944 and 1945 destroyed Fritz Klingholz's station building, along with the two-span train shed.

### Postwar period

After the war, the station was replaced with a new building in the typical style of the 1950s, partly designed by the architects Kurt Rasenack and Bernd Figge. The entrance hall that was completed on 15 November 1959 no longer exists. The west wing of the north entrance was adorned with a distinctive cafe in a glass rotunda, which was originally occupied by the station cafe and was most recently a travel agency. A curved roof allowed light to fall on the northern entrance hall. However, this was replaced later by a larger, prefabricated flat roof. This meant, in combination with the later installation of additional shops, that the station lost its former spaciousness and openness.

### 2008–2010 reconstruction

The groundbreaking ceremony for reconstruction of the station was held in September 2008. Prior to this Essen Hauptbahnhof was crowded and dilapidated. Since only a few expansion options were available, temporary relocation of station operations to Essen-West was considered. Instead, it was found to be cost-effective to renovate and modernise the existing station. The state of North Rhine-Westphalia developed a funding package that provided a total of €350 million for stations in the five cities of Essen, Duisburg, Dortmund, Münster and Wuppertal. DB Station&Service intended to call tenders the first work in July 2007.

However, the actual renovation project was not a package for several cities, but only affected Essen Hauptbahnhof. This was partly a response to the need for the renovation to be completed by the middle of 2010 at the latest, as Essen was designated as one of the European Capitals of Culture for the year. The Essen council was awarded the contract to rebuild the station. The former funding gap of €18 m was jointly covered by the federal government, the state government and Deutsche Bahn. Of the total costs of around €57 m, the federal government assumed €35 m, the state of North Rhine-Westphalia €5.1 m and Deutsche Bahn almost €17 m. In addition, the then *Essener Verkehrs-AG* (EVAG) invested almost €5.3 m in the project.

On 11 February 2008, *Essener Verkehrsgesellschaft* began to rebuild the approximately one hundred metre-long passage built in 1977 at the first basement level between Willy-Brandt-Platz, which was named after him in 1994, and the street called *Freiheit*. It replaced the electrical systems according to new fire protection regulations and modernised the ventilation. In addition, new shops were built. From 11 August until 21 November 2008 the passage to the city centre was closed and was then modernised and reopened before work was complete. However, the underground station was always accessible via the entrance from the street of *Freiheit*, as it still is.

The entire concourse of the station building was gutted and rebuilt with 5,700 square metres of retail space. The facades were renovated and the main passage widened. The southern entrance was rebuilt with two glass pavilions, which now house the Deutsche Bahn travel centre and the *Ruhrbahn* customer service centre. The former glass cafe rotunda was demolished in 2009 and replaced by a rectangular, glass extension, which is used by a fast food restaurant. Lifts were installed on the five platforms to give them barrier-free access for the disabled. Similarly, the platform surfaces and platform canopies were repaired and the sound system and lighting were replaced. The *Bahnhofsmission* (station mission) was given a larger office at the taxi waiting area on the north side, outside the entrance building. There is also a "kids lounge" for children travelling alone.

The station concourse was out of use from September 2008. It was reopened to the public on 21 December 2009. The official opening took place on 16 January 2010 in the presence of Federal Minister of Transport Peter Ramsauer, Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia Jürgen Rüttgers, and Deutsche Bahn Chief Rüdiger Grube. During the renovation of the lobby, the platforms were only accessible via tunnels from the west (station underpass/Freiheit) and east (side entrance opposite the *Haus der Technik*). In addition *Essener Verkehrs-AG* relocated the bus stops from the underpass to the north and south exits. The then *Essener Verkehrs-AG* (now *Ruhrbahn*) opened its €7.8 m customer centre at the southern entrance on 12 April 2010. There is a photovoltaic system on the roof that can generate up to 23,300 kilowatt-hours of electricity per year. Furthermore, the two pedestrian underpasses in the east and west and the long-distance bus station in the south were renewed. In addition, the plazas north and south of the station were rebuilt. The eastern tunnel, which had been closed for the installation of a lift, was reopened in October 2011.

## Services

According to DB information, 123 long-distance trains, 198 local trains and 403 S-Bahn trains served the station every day in 2010.

### Long distance trains

The station is served by the following long-distance services (as of 2023):

| Line | Route | Frequency |
| --- | --- | --- |
| ICE 10 | Berlin OstBerlin HbfHannover HbfDortmund Hbf**Essen**Duisburg HbfDüsseldorf Hbf | 60 min |
| ICE 14 | Berlin OstBerlin HbfBerlin-SpandauWolfsburg HbfHannover HbfHerfordBielefeld HbfGütersloh HbfHamm HbfDortmund HbfBochum Hbf**Essen**Duisburg HbfKrefeld HbfViersenMönchengladbach HbfRheydt HbfErkelenzGeilenkirchenHerzogenrathAachen Hbf | 120 min |
| IC 32 | Dortmund – **Essen** – Duisburg – Düsseldorf – CologneBonnKoblenzMannheim HbfStuttgart HbfUlm HbfOberstdorf | 1 train pair |
| ICE 39 | HamburgOsnabrückMünster Hbf**Essen**Duisburg HbfDüsseldorf Hbf – Cologne | 120 min |
| ICE 41 | Dortmund – **Essen**Duisburg Hbf – Düsseldorf – Cologne – Frankfurt (Main) Würzburg HbfNuremberg HbfMunich Hbf | 60 min |
| ICE 42 | Münster / Dortmund Hbf**Essen**Duisburg Hbf – Düsseldorf – Cologne – Frankfurt Airport Mannheim Hbf – Stuttgart – Munich Hbf | 120 min |
| ICE 43 | Hamburg-AltonaHamburgBremenOsnabrück – Münster – Dortmund Hbf – Bochum – **Essen**Duisburg Hbf – Düsseldorf – Cologne – Frankfurt AirportMannheim HbfKarlsruhe HbfFreiburg HbfBasel | |
| ICE 47 | Münster – Recklinghausen – Gelsenkirchen – / Dortmund – **Essen** – Duisburg – Düsseldorf – Cologne – Frankfurt Airport – Mannheim Hbf – Stuttgart | 120 min |
| IC 51 | Düsseldorf / Cologne – **Essen** – Bochum – Dortmund – KasselEisenachErfurtWeimarJena WestJena-GöschwitzGera | 1 train pair |
| ICE 91 | HamburgHamburg-HarburgBremen – Münster – Dortmund – **Essen** – Duisburg – Düsseldorf – Cologne – Bonn – Koblenz – Mainz – Frankfurt Airport – Frankfurt – Würzburg – Nuremberg – RegensburgPassauLinzVienna | Some trains |
| Eurostar | Paris-Nord BrusselsLiège-GuilleminsAachen – Cologne – Düsseldorf – (Düsseldorf Airport –) Duisburg – **Essen** – Dortmund | Some trains |
| FLX 20 | HamburgHamburg-HarburgOsnabrückMünsterGelsenkirchen**Essen**DuisburgDüsseldorfCologne | |
| FLX 30 | LeipzigLutherstadt WittenbergBerlin SüdkreuzBerlin HbfBerlin-SpandauHannoverBielefeldDortmund**Essen**DuisburgDüsseldorfCologneAachen | |

### Regional services

Special **15 minutes** frequency RE14 / S9: **Essen** \- Essen-Borbeck \- Bottrop \- Gladbeck

In local passenger service, Essen is served by several regional and S-Bahn lines (as of 2021):

| Line | Route | Frequency |
| --- | --- | --- |
| RE 1
NRW-Express | AachenEschweilerDürenHorremCologneDüsseldorfDüsseldorf AirportDuisburgMülheim**Essen**BochumDortmundHamm | 60 min |
| RE 2
Rhein-Haard-Express | Düsseldorf – Duisburg – Mülheim – **Essen**GelsenkirchenRecklinghausenMünster | 60 min |
| RE 6
Rhein-Weser-Express | Minden Herford Bielefeld – Hamm – Dortmund **Essen** – Mülheim – Duisburg Düsseldorf Airport – Düsseldorf Neuss – Cologne Cologne/Bonn Airport | 60 min |
| RE 11
Rhein-Hellweg-Express | Düsseldorf – Düsseldorf Airport – Duisburg – Mülheim – **Essen** – Dortmund – Hamm Paderborn (– Kassel-Wilhelmshöhe) | 60 min |
| RE 14
Emscher-Münsterland-Express | **Essen**BottropGladbeck \- Dorsten (– Borken / Coesfeld) | 30 min (60 mins to Borken / Coesfeld) |
| RE 16
Ruhr-Lenne-Express | **Essen** – Bochum – WittenHagen – Iserlohn-Letmathe – Iserlohn | 60 min |
| RE 42
Niers-Haard-Express | Münster Haltern am See Recklinghausen – Gelsenkirchen **Essen** – Mülheim – Duisburg Krefeld Viersen Mönchengladbach | 60 min |
| RE 49
Wupper-Lippe-Express | WeselOberhausen – Mülheim **Essen** Wuppertal-Vohwinkel Wuppertal | 60 mins |
| RB 33
Rhein-Niers-Bahn | Essen-Steele**Essen** – Mülheim – Duisburg – Krefeld – Mönchengladbach – Aachen | 60 mins |
| RB 40
Rhein-Niers-Bahn | **Essen** Wattenscheid – Bochum – Witten – Wetter – Hagen | 60 mins |
| S1 | Dortmund – Bochum **Essen** – Mülheim – Duisburg – Düsseldorf Airport – Düsseldorf Hilden Solingen | 30 min (15 mins to Dortmund) |
| S2 | Dortmund – Castrop-RauxelHerneWanne-Eickel – Gelsenkirchen – **Essen** | 60 min |
| S3 | Oberhausen – Mülheim – **Essen** Hattingen (Ruhr) Mitte | 30 min |
| S6 | **Essen**KettwigRatingen Ost – Düsseldorf – LangenfeldLeverkusen Mitte – Köln-Mülheim – Köln-Messe/Deutz – Cologne – Köln-HansaringKöln-Nippes (– Köln-ChorweilerKöln-Worringen) | 20 min |
| S9 | Recklinghausen / Haltern am See – Gladbeck West – Bottrop – **Essen** – Essen-Steele – Velbert-Langenberg – Wuppertal-Vohwinkel – Wuppertal - Hagen | 30 min Gladbeck West - Wuppertal Hbf 60 min Recklinghausen Hbf, Haltern am See, Hagen Hbf |

### Stadtbahn and Tram

The station is served by the following Stadtbahn and Tram services (as of 2020):

| Line | Route | Frequency |
| --- | --- | --- |
| U11 | GE-Horst, Buerer Straße – Schloss Horst – GE-Horst, Fischerstraße – E-Karnap, Alte Landstraße – Boyer Straße – E-Karnap, Arenbergstraße – E-Altenessen, Heßlerstraße – II. Schichtstraße – KarlsplatzAltenessen MitteKaiser-Wilhelm-ParkAltenessenBäuminghausstraßeBamlerstraßeUniversität EssenBerliner PlatzHirschlandplatz**Essen Hbf**PhilharmonieRüttenscheider Stern – Martinstraße – Messe Ost/Gruga – Essen, Messe West/Süd/Gruga | 10 min |
| U17 | E-Altenessen, Karlsplatz – Altenessen Mitte – Kaiser-Wilhelm-Park – Altenessen – Bäuminghausstraße – Bamlerstraße – Universität Essen – Berliner Platz – Hirschlandplatz – **Essen Hbf** – Bismarckplatz – Planckstraße – Gemarkenplatz – Holsterhauser Platz (Klinikum) – Halbe Höhe – Laubenweg – E-Margarethenhöhe | 10 min |
| U18 | Essen, Berliner Platz – Hirschlandplatz – **Essen Hbf** – Bismarckplatz – Savignystraße/ETEC – Hobeisenbrücke – E-Frohnhausen, Wickenburgstraße – Mülheim (Ruhr), Rhein-Ruhr-Zentrum – Rosendeller Straße – Eichbaum – Heißen Kirche – Mühlenfeld – Christianstraße – Gracht – Von-Bock-Straße – Mülheim (Ruhr) Hbf | 10 min |
| 101/106 | Borbeck Germaniaplatz – Bergeborbeck Leimgartsfeld – Bergeborbeck station – Helenenstraße – Berliner Platz – Rheinischer Platz – Rathaus Essen – **Essen Hbf** – Rüttenscheider Stern – Holsterhauser Platz – Hobeisenbrücke – Alfred-Krupp-Schule – Essen West station – Helenenstraße | 10 min |
| 103 | Dellwig Wertstraße – Essen-Dellwig station – Gerschede – Borbeck Germaniaplatz – Essen-Borbeck station – Schloss Borbeck – Essen-Borbeck Süd station – Helenenstraße – Berliner Platz – Rheinischer Platz – Rathaus Essen – **Essen Hbf** | 10 min |
| 105 | Frintrop Unterstraße – Bedingrade – Abzweig Aktienstraße – Essen-Borbeck Süd station – Helenenstraße – Berliner Platz – Rheinischer Platz – Rathaus Essen – **Essen Hbf**Essen Süd station – Bergerhausen – Rellinghausen Finefraustraße | 10 min |
| 107 | Gelsenkirchen Hauptbahnhof – Heinrich-König-Platz – Musiktheater – Gelsenkirchen-Feldmark – Essen-Katernberg – Essen Zollverein Nord station – Zollverein – Stoppenberg – Viehofer Platz – Rathaus Essen – **Essen Hbf** (– Philharmonie – Rüttenscheider Stern – Martinstraße – Florastraße – Bredeney) | 10 min |
| 108 | Altenessen – Viehofer Platz – Rathaus Essen – **Essen Hbf** – Philharmonie – Rüttenscheider Stern – Martinstraße – Florastraße – Bredeney | 10 min |

### Footnotes

### Sources

* Kellen, Tony (1902). *Die Industriestadt Essen in Wort und Bild. Geschichte und Beschreibung der Stadt Essen. Zugleich ein Führer durch Essen und Umgegend*. Essen: Fredebeul & Koenen.
* Klingholz, Fritz (2006). *Die Bahnhofsbauten* (PDF) (Diplom) (in German). Institute of Architecture, Technische Universität Berlin. Retrieved 31 January 2018.
* Rieth, Hugo (1991). *Essen in alten Ansichten* (in German). Vol. 2 (7 ed.). Niederlande: Zaltbommel. ISBN 90-288-3097-9.
* Wisotzky, Klaus (1996). *Vom Kaiserbesuch zum Euro-Gipfel. 100 Jahre Essener Geschichte im Überblick* (in German). Essen: Klartext. ISBN 3-88474-497-6.

## InfoBox

| Essen Hauptbahnhof | |
| --- | --- |
| Separation station | |
| 2014 | |
| General information | |
| Location | Am Hauptbahnhof 1
45127 Essen
Stadtkern, Essen, NRW
Germany |
| Coordinates | 51°27′06″N 7°00′52″E / 51.451783°N 7.014331°E / 51.451783; 7.014331 |
| Owned by | DB Netz |
| Operated by | DB Station&Service |
| Line(s) |  |
| Platforms | 13 |
| Construction | |
| Accessible | Yes |
| Architect | 1902: Fritz Klingholz
1959: Kurt Rasenack, Bernd Figge |
| Architectural style | 1902: Gothic Revival
1959: New Objectivity |
| Other information | |
| Station code | 1690 |
| DS100 code | EE |
| IBNR | 8000098 |
| Category | 1 |
| Fare zone | VRR: 350 |
| Website | www.bahnhof.de |
| History | |
| Opened | 1862
rebuilt 1902 and 1959 |
| Passengers | |
|  | |
| 170,000 | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Services   Preceding station  Eurostar Following station  Duisburg Hbftowards Paris-Nord  Eurostar  Dortmund HbfTerminus  Preceding station  DB Fernverkehr Following station  Duisburg Hbftowards Köln Hbf or Aachen Hbf  ICE 10  Bochum Hbftowards Berlin Ostbahnhof  Mülheim (Ruhr) Hbftowards Aachen Hbf  ICE 14   Recklinghausen Hbftowards Berlin Ostbahnhof  Mülheim (Ruhr) Hbftowards Oberstdorf  IC 32  Bochum Hbftowards Dortmund Hbf  Duisburg Hbftowards München Hbf  ICE 41   ICE 42  Bochum Hbftowards Münster Hbf, Recklinghausen Hbf or Dortmund Hbf  Duisburg Hbftowards Basel SBB  ICE 43  Bochum Hbftowards Hamburg-Altona  Duisburg Hbftowards Stuttgart Hbf  ICE 47  Gelsenkirchen Hbftowards Münster Hbf  Duisburg Hbftowards Düsseldorf Hbf or Köln Hbf  IC 51  Bochum Hbftowards Gera Hbf  Düsseldorf Hbftowards Wien Hbf  ICE 91  Bochum Hbftowards Dortmund Hbf  Preceding station  Following station  Duisburg Hbftowards Köln Hbf  FLX 20  Gelsenkirchen Hbftowards Hamburg Hbf  Duisburg Hbftowards Aachen Hbf  FLX 30  Dortmund Hbftowards Leipzig Hbf  Preceding station National Express Germany Following station  Mülheim (Ruhr) Hbftowards Aachen Hbf  RE 1 (NRW-Express)  Wattenscheidtowards Hamm (Westf) Hbf  Mülheim (Ruhr) Hbftowards Cologne/Bonn Airport  RE 6 (Rhein-Weser-Express)  Wattenscheidtowards Minden  Mülheim (Ruhr) Hbftowards Düsseldorf Hbf  RE 11 (Rhein-Hellweg-Express)  Wattenscheidtowards Kassel-Wilhelmshöhe  Preceding station  DB Regio NRW Following station  Mülheim (Ruhr) Hbftowards Düsseldorf Hbf  RE 2  Gelsenkirchen Hbftowards Osnabrück Hbf  Mülheim (Ruhr) Hbftowards Mönchengladbach Hbf  RE 42  Gelsenkirchen Hbftowards Münster Hbf  Essen Westtowards Wesel  RE 49  Essen-Steeletowards Wuppertal Hbf  Mülheim (Ruhr) Hbftowards Aachen Hbf  RB 33  Essen-SteeleTerminus  *Terminus*  RB 40  Essen-Kray Südtowards Hagen Hbf  Preceding station NordWestBahn Following station  Essen Westtowards Borken (Westf) or Coesfeld (Westf)  RE 14  *Terminus*  Preceding station  VIAS Following station  *Terminus*  RE 16  Wattenscheidtowards Iserlohn  Preceding station  Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn Following station  Essen Westtowards Solingen Hbf  S1  Essen-Steeletowards Dortmund Hbf  *Terminus*  S2  Essen-Kray Nordtowards Dortmund Hbf  Essen Westtowards Oberhausen Hbf  S3  Essen-Steeletowards Hattingen (Ruhr) Mitte  Essen Südtowards Köln-Nippes  S6  *Terminus*  Essen Westtowards Haltern am See or Recklinghausen Hbf  S9  Essen-Steeletowards Hagen Hbf  Preceding station Rhine-Ruhr Stadtbahn Following station  Philharmonietowards Messe West-Süd Gruga  U11  Hirschlandplatztowards Buerer Straße  Bismarckplatztowards Margarethenhöhe  U17  Hirschlandplatztowards Karlsplatz  Bismarckplatztowards Mülheim (Ruhr) Hbf  U18  Hirschlandplatztowards Berliner Platz | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location  Essen HauptbahnhofLocation within North Rhine-Westphalia | |


title: Emil Ibrahimov

abstract: Emil Yusyrovych Ibrahimov is a Ukrainian sprinter. Since 2014, he established the National record on 4 x 100 m with 38.53, with teammates Serhiy Smelyk, Ihor Bodrov and Vitaliy Korzh, winning final B at 2014 IAAF World Relays. His personal best on 100 m is 10.30, in 2016 in Erzurum. He won the National title on 200 m in 2017.

text:
# Emil Ibrahimov

**Emil Yusyrovych Ibrahimov** (Ukrainian: Еміль Юсирович Ібрагімов, born 1 February 1990) is a Ukrainian sprinter.

Since 2014, he established the National record on 4 x 100 m with 38.53, with teammates Serhiy Smelyk, Ihor Bodrov and Vitaliy Korzh, winning final B at 2014 IAAF World Relays. His personal best on 100 m is 10.30, in 2016 in Erzurum. He won the National title on 200 m in 2017.

## InfoBox

Emil Ibrahimov
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1990-02-01) 1 February 1990 |
| Sport | |
| Country | Ukraine |
| Sport | Track and field |
| Event(s) | 100 metres<br>4 × 100 metres relay |


title: 2007 Skate America

abstract: The 2007 Skate America was the first event of six in the 2007–08 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating, a senior-level international invitational competition series. It was held at the Sovereign Center in Reading, Pennsylvania on October 25–28. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Skaters earned points toward qualifying for the 2007–08 Grand Prix Final. The compulsory dance was the Austrian Waltz.

text:
# 2007 Skate America

The **2007 Skate America** was the first event of six in the 2007–08 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating, a senior-level international invitational competition series. It was held at the Sovereign Center in Reading, Pennsylvania on October 25–28. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Skaters earned points toward qualifying for the 2007–08 Grand Prix Final. The compulsory dance was the Austrian Waltz.

## Schedule

* **Friday, Oct. 26**
    + 6:00 p.m. - Compulsory dance
    + 7:35 p.m. - Pairs' short program
    + 9:10 p.m. - Men's short program
* **Saturday, Oct. 27**
    + 2:00 p.m. - Original dance
    + 3:45 p.m. - Pairs' free skating
    + 6:00 p.m. - Ladies' short program
    + 7:55 p.m. - Men's free skating
* **Sunday, Oct. 28**
    + 2:00 p.m. - Free dance
    + 4:08 p.m. - Ladies' free skating
    + 7:30 p.m. - Exhibition of Champions

## Results

### Men

| Rank | Name | Nation | Total points | SP | | FS | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | Daisuke Takahashi | Japan | 228.97 | 1 | 80.04 | 2 | 148.93 |
| **2** | Evan Lysacek | United States | 220.08 | 2 | 67.70 | 1 | 152.38 |
| **3** | Patrick Chan | Canada | 213.33 | 3 | 67.47 | 3 | 145.86 |
| 4 | Stephen Carriere | United States | 196.33 | 6 | 66.85 | 4 | 129.48 |
| 5 | Alban Préaubert | France | 194.40 | 4 | 67.05 | 5 | 127.35 |
| 6 | Ryan Bradley | United States | 181.66 | 8 | 58.69 | 6 | 122.97 |
| 7 | Andrei Lutai | Russia | 180.88 | 5 | 66.91 | 8 | 113.97 |
| 8 | Takahiko Kozuka | Japan | 177.47 | 10 | 56.25 | 7 | 121.22 |
| 9 | Kevin Reynolds | Canada | 169.12 | 7 | 59.25 | 9 | 109.87 |
| 10 | Yasuharu Nanri | Japan | 153.99 | 9 | 57.84 | 12 | 96.15 |
| 11 | Kristoffer Berntsson | Sweden | 152.52 | 11 | 54.15 | 10 | 98.37 |
| 12 | Karel Zelenka | Italy | 144.51 | 12 | 46.14 | 11 | 98.37 |

Referee: Beth Crane

Technical Controller: Igor Prokop

Technical Specialist: Vladimir Petrenko

Assistant Technical Specialist: David Santee

Judge No.1: Karen Butcher

Judge No.2: Raffaella Locatelli

Judge No.3: Anne G. Shean

Judge No.4: Igor Obraztsov

Judge No.5: Kerstin Kimminus

Judge No.6: Salome Chigogidze

Judge No.7: Leena Kurri

Judge No.8: Mona Jonsson

Judge No.9: Masako Kubota

Judge No.10: Valerie Greugny

Data Operator: Marylin Kreuzinger

Replay Operator: David Kirby

### Ladies

| Rank | Name | Nation | Total points | SP | | FS | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | Kimmie Meissner | United States | 163.23 | 1 | 59.24 | 2 | 103.99 |
| **2** | Miki Ando | Japan | 161.89 | 2 | 56.58 | 1 | 105.31 |
| **3** | Caroline Zhang | United States | 153.35 | 3 | 56.48 | 3 | 96.87 |
| 4 | Emily Hughes | United States | 140.50 | 4 | 47.66 | 5 | 92.84 |
| 5 | Mira Leung | Canada | 139.14 | 6 | 46.04 | 4 | 93.10 |
| 6 | Elene Gedevanishvili | Georgia | 126.06 | 11 | 38.30 | 6 | 87.76 |
| 7 | Alexandra Ievleva | Russia | 124.84 | 8 | 44.78 | 7 | 80.06 |
| 8 | Mai Asada | Japan | 120.49 | 5 | 47.66 | 9 | 73.67 |
| 9 | Tuğba Karademir | Turkey | 119.26 | 10 | 41.58 | 8 | 77.68 |
| 10 | Valentina Marchei | Italy | 116.44 | 9 | 44.64 | 10 | 71.80 |
| 11 | Xu Binshu | China | 112.46 | 7 | 45.16 | 11 | 67.30 |

Referee: Hely Abbondati

Technical Controller: Steve Winkler

Technical Specialist: Jayson Peace

Assistant Technical Specialist: Vladimir Petrenko

Judge No.1: Karen Howard

Judge No.2: Elena Buriak

Judge No.3: Salome Chigogidze

Judge No.4: Wei Shi

Judge No.5: Mayumi Kato

Judge No.6: Mona Jonsson

Judge No.7: Raffaella Locatelli

Judge No.8: William S. Smith

Judge No.9: Karen Jones

Judge No.10: Leena Kurri

Data Operator: Marylin Kreuzinger

Replay Operator: David Santee

### Pairs

| Rank | Name | Nation | Total points | SP | | FS | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | Jessica Dubé / Bryce Davison | Canada | 173.26 | 1 | 60.80 | 1 | 112.46 |
| **2** | Pang Qing / Tong Jian | China | 165.19 | 2 | 60.32 | 2 | 104.87 |
| **3** | Vera Bazarova / Yuri Larionov | Russia | 159.58 | 3 | 56.76 | 3 | 102.82 |
| 4 | Amanda Evora / Mark Ladwig | United States | 140.40 | 4 | 46.18 | 4 | 94.22 |
| 5 | Meeran Trombley / Laureano Ibarra | United States | 132.42 | 5 | 45.48 | 5 | 86.94 |
| 6 | Laura Magitteri / Ondřej Hotárek | Italy | 114.66 | 7 | 38.76 | 6 | 75.90 |
| 7 | Stacey Kemp / David King | United Kingdom | 109.27 | 6 | 44.74 | 7 | 64.53 |

### Ice dancing

| Rank | Name | Nation | Total points | CD | | OD | | FD | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | Tanith Belbin / Benjamin Agosto | United States | 192.95 | 1 | 36.03 | 1 | 59.24 | 1 | 97.68 |
| **2** | Nathalie Péchalat / Fabian Bourzat | France | 181.84 | 2 | 34.56 | 2 | 56.95 | 2 | 90.33 |
| **3** | Federica Faiella / Massimo Scali | Italy | 172.28 | 3 | 31.43 | 3 | 54.56 | 3 | 86.29 |
| 4 | Meryl Davis / Charlie White | United States | 168.79 | 5 | 30.16 | 4 | 52.84 | 4 | 85.79 |
| 5 | Kristin Fraser / Igor Lukanin | Azerbaijan | 167.80 | 4 | 31.19 | 5 | 51.23 | 5 | 85.38 |
| 6 | Kimberly Navarro / Brent Bommentre | United States | 159.93 | 6 | 27.90 | 6 | 51.13 | 6 | 80.90 |
| 7 | Alexandra Zaretski / Roman Zaretski | Israel | 157.85 | 7 | 27.80 | 7 | 51.12 | 8 | 78.93 |
| 8 | Ekaterina Rubleva / Ivan Shefer | Russia | 151.58 | 8 | 26.95 | 8 | 45.46 | 7 | 79.17 |
| 9 | Cathy Reed / Chris Reed | Japan | 142.63 | 9 | 26.47 | 9 | 43.79 | 9 | 72.37 |
| 10 | Yu Xiaoyang / Wang Chen | China | 135.29 | 10 | 22.14 | 10 | 43.19 | 10 | 69.96 |

* Official site
* Starting Orders and Results
* 2007 Skate America at ISU
* 2007 Skate America at U.S. Figure Skating
* "2007/08 Grand Prix Announcement" (PDF). (76.3 KiB)

## InfoBox

| 2007 Skate America | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Type: | Grand Prix |
| Date: | October 25 – 28 |
| Season: | 2007–08 |
| Location: | Reading, Pennsylvania |
| Host: | U.S. Figure Skating |
| Venue: | Sovereign Center |
| Champions | |
| Men's singles:
Daisuke Takahashi | |
| Ladies' singles:
Kimmie Meissner | |
| Pairs:
Jessica Dubé / Bryce Davison | |
| Ice dance:
Tanith Belbin / Benjamin Agosto | |
|  | |
| Previous:
2006 Skate America | |
| Next:
2008 Skate America | |
| Next GP:
2007 Skate Canada International | |


title: 1988 FAMAS Awards

abstract: The 36th Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences Awards Night was held on May 6, 1988 at the Manila Hotel Fiesta Pavilion in the Philippines, honoring the best films of 1987. Saan Nagtatago ang Pag-ibig won the most awards with four wins including the most coveted FAMAS Award for Best Picture Three people were elevated to the "Hall Of Fame" status after winning their respective categories five times. They were Fernando Poe Jr. for best actor, Augusto Salvador for editing and George Canseco for musical score. This is the second time for Canseco who was earlier inducted to the Hall of Fame for winning five time in the Theme Song Category.

text:
# 1988 FAMAS Awards

The **36th Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences Awards Night** was held on May 6, 1988 at the Manila Hotel Fiesta Pavilion in the Philippines, honoring the best films of 1987.

*Saan Nagtatago ang Pag-ibig* won the most awards with four wins including the most coveted FAMAS Award for Best Picture Three people were elevated to the "Hall Of Fame" status after winning their respective categories five times. They were Fernando Poe Jr. for best actor, Augusto Salvador for editing and George Canseco for musical score. This is the second time for Canseco who was earlier inducted to the Hall of Fame for winning five time in the Theme Song Category.

## Awards

### Major awards

Winners are listed first and highlighted with **boldface**.

| Best Picture | Best Director |
| --- | --- |
| * ***Saan Nagtatago ang Pag-ibig*  Viva Films**     + *Balweg*  Viva Films     + *Paano kung Wala Ka Na?*  Regal Films     + *Pinulot Ka Lang sa Lupa*  Regal Films     + *Tagos sa Dugo*  V.H. Films |  |
| Best Actor | Best Actress |
|  |  |
| Best Supporting Actor | Best Supporting Actress |
|  |  |
| Best Child Actor | Best Child Actress |
|  |  |
| Best Screenplay | Best Story |
| * **Alfred Yuson  *Kid, Huwag Kang Susuko*** | * **Gilda Olvidado  *Saan Nagtatago ang Pag-ibig?*** |
| Best Sound | Best Musical Score |
| * **Rolly Ruta  *Saan Nagtatago ang Pag-ibig*** |  |
| Best Cinematography | Best Editing |
| * **Romy Vitug  *Saan Nagtatago ang Pag-ibig*** |  |
| Best Theme Song | Production Design |
| * **Gines Tan  *Pinulot Ka Lang sa Lupa*** | * **Don Escudero  *Once Upon a Time*** |
|

### Special Awardee

## InfoBox

| 36th FAMAS Awards | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | May 6, 1988 |
| Site | Manila Hotel Fiesta Pavilion<br>Manila, Philippines |
| Highlights | |
| Best Picture | **Saan Nagtatago ang Pag-ibig** ~ VIVA Films |
| Most awards | **Saan Nagtatago ang Pag-ibig** ~ VIVA Films (4 wins) |
|


title: Ellsworth Flavelle

abstract: Sir Joseph Ellsworth Flavelle, 2nd Baronet, was the Chairman of the Canadian Palestine Committee and the World Committee on Palestine. Heir to Joseph Wesley Flavelle and the Canada Packers fortune, Flavelle attended St. Andrew's College along with other children of Toronto's business elites

text:
# Ellsworth Flavelle

**Sir Joseph Ellsworth Flavelle, 2nd Baronet** (25 May 1892  19 December 1977), was the Chairman of the Canadian Palestine Committee and the World Committee on Palestine.

Heir to Joseph Wesley Flavelle and the Canada Packers fortune, Flavelle attended St. Andrew's College along with other children of Toronto's business elites

## Personal life

In 1914 he joined The Queen's Own Rifles of Canada, a Toronto militia regiment, as an officer reaching the rank of Captain when he enlisted with the 166th Battalion (Queen's Own Rifles of Canada), CEF on April 8, 1916. His father served as Chairman of the Imperial Munitions Board during the First World War for which he was created 1st Baronet Flavelle.

On January 22, 1917 Flavelle married Muriel I. McEachron (b. about 1895) daughter of W. N. McEachron and Isabel F Jackson McEachron. They had at least one son, Sir (Joseph) David Ellsworth Flavelle, 3rd Baronet (1921–1985). The baronetcy became extinct on David's death.

On the death of his father, Ellsworth became the second baronet and became "Sir Ellsworth Flavelle Bart."

An accomplished photographer, Ellsworth Flavelle's images illustrated Katherine Hale's *This is Ontario* and then his own *Photography : a craft and creed*. A fonds of over 12,000 of his photographs is in the Archives of Ontario.


title: Atanasio Echeverría y Godoy

abstract: Atanasio Echeverría y Godoy was an 18th-century botanical artist and naturalist from New Spain who trained at the Royal Art Academy in Mexico City. The genus Echeveria was named in his honour by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle.

text:
# Atanasio Echeverría y Godoy

**Atanasio Echeverría y Godoy** was an 18th-century botanical artist and naturalist from New Spain who trained at the Royal Art Academy in Mexico City. The genus *Echeveria* was named in his honour by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle.

## Royal Botanical Expedition

### 1787–1788

On August 4, 1787, the Academy appointed Echeverría and classmate Juan de Dios Vicente de la Cerda to accompany Director Martín Sessé y Lacasta on an expedition. Echeverría was hired to sketch the nature and botanical life and elements on the excursion. This expedition required both students to go across the country to study and sketch the botanical nature of the world. Echeverría had only been 16 when he had been appointed. This expedition would last from August 1787 to the year 1788. The artists moved from base to base, exploring the Valley of Mexico and the surrounding mountains.

### 1789

In 1788 when the excursion ended, Echeverría and Cerda broke off from the group with zoologist José Longinos Martínez. The men remained in Mexicalzingo making dissections and sketches while the rest of the group went back to Mexico City. This began the second excursion that Echeverría would be a part of in Guerrero, lasting from March to December of 1789. During this trip, they collected about 372 new species and had created 180 paintings to go along with it.

### 1790–1792

In May of 1790, Echeverría went on his third expedition to California. Both Echeverría and Cerda joined José Mariano Mociño for a while until 1792 when Cerda and leader Sesse decided to return to Mexico. During this expedition, the botanists became more selective of their work due to not finding any new species. The two assembled a collection along with over 100 paintings.

### 1792–1795

After his three major excursions, Echeverría had continued to travel to Nuka Island in the summer of 1792. He made about 200 sketches of the species, plants and animals he had found with only 20 sketches that were botanical. In his trip to Cuba in 1795, Sesse realized Echeverría was sick and couldn't finish his drawings from the trip.

## Data Process

### Sketching

The process of collecting plant species starts by knowing when the plant is at its peak of blossoming. Since the artists are collecting these sketches for scientific study, their drawings have to be as accurate as possible. Freshly bloomed flowers meant that they were the perfect color and shape and the artists could get accurate date. Artists would sometimes pick the flowers and put them in a humid space to keep the flower alive long enough to finish any missing information.

### Watercolor

The botanists began using watercolor to complete their sketches. This was the perfect medium to use because of its fast drying abilities, which allowed them to get the drawings done at a fast rate. Getting the color down correctly is also a big part in the drawings since it will be studied for scientific purposes

## Guantanamo Commission and later life

Echeverría then joined the Guantanamo Commission under Conte de Mopox y Jaruco, which traveled across Cuba. On this expedition, 3,700 specimens were collected and 27 new species described. Afterwards, Echeverría briefly traveled to Madrid before returning to Mexico and becoming an art director at the Academy of San Carlos.

## Artworks

## Collections

### The Torner Collection of Sessé & Mociño Biological Illustrations

The Torner Collection of Sessé & Mociño Biological Illustrations is a collections of over 2,000 botanical and zoological illustrations made by Atanasio Echeverría y Gody, Juan de Dios Vicente de la Cerda, Jose Guio and Pedro Oliver.

## Honors

In 1828 Swiss botanist, Augustin Pyramus de Candolle was fascinated by Echevería's drawings and gave him the honor of having a large genus of flowering plants named after him that are native to the desert areas of central America, Mexico, and northwestern South America. There are approximately 150 species of the Echeverría.

| Plant | Native Area | Sun Exposure |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Perle Von Nurnberg | Central America | Full, Partial |
| Echeveria nodulosa | Central America | Full, Partial |
| Black Prince | Central America | Full, Partial |
| Topsy Turvy | Central America | Full, Partial |
| Dusty Rose | Central America | Full, Partial |

## Bibliography


abstract: The men's long jump was one of four jumping events on the Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics programme. There were nine contestants in the long jump, held on 7 April. The American jumpers proved themselves dominant in taking the top three spots. The event was won by Ellery Harding Clark. Clark would later win the high jump as well, becoming the only man to win both the high jump and long jump in the Olympics.

text:
# Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's long jump

The **men's long jump** was one of four jumping events on the Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics programme. There were nine contestants in the long jump, held on 7 April. The American jumpers proved themselves dominant in taking the top three spots. The event was won by Ellery Harding Clark. Clark would later win the high jump as well, becoming the only man (through 2016, at least) to win both the high jump and long jump in the Olympics.

## Summary

Clark's first two jumps were fouls, but his third was by far the best of the field. He had used his hat as a marker along the runway for the first two jumps, which Constantine I of Greece (acting as the judge in the event) had declared inconsistent with amateurism; the king removed the hat both times. For the third attempt, Clark did not attempt to use the hat.

## Background

This was the first appearance of the event, which is one of 12 athletics events to have been held at every Summer Olympics. There were 23 entrants, but only nine men actually started.

## Competition format

There was a single round of jumping. Each athlete made three jumps.

## Records

There were no standing Olympic records (as this was the first Games) before the event. The IAAF did not start ratifying official world records until 1912.

| **World record** | John Mooney (IRL)* | **7.21 m (23 ft 7+34 in)** | Mitchelstown | 5 September 1894 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Olympic record** | *N/A* | ***N/A*** | *N/A* | *N/A* |

* unofficial

The following record was established during the competition:

| Date | Event | Athlete | Nation | Distance (m) | Record |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| April 7 | Final | Ellery Harding Clark | United States | 6.35 | **OR** |

## Schedule

The exact time of the contest is not known; it was the second event of the afternoon session on Tuesday. The session started at 2:30 p.m.; the long jump came after two heats of the 110 metres hurdles.

| Date | | Time | Round |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Gregorian | Julian | | |
| Tuesday, 7 April 1896 | Tuesday, 26 March 1896 |  | **Final** |

## Results

As with many early Olympic events, the complete results are unclear and disputed. The table below provides results consistent with the IOC's website results page. The Official Report says that only eight men competed; it lists only four: Chalkokondylis and Skaltsogiannis as the Greeks who competed, and Clark and Garrett as the prize winners. It gives Garrett's distance at 6.00 metres. Olympedia follows the Official Report rather than the IOC results page for Garrett's distance, puts Connolly's best jump at 5.84 metres, gives Chalkokondylis in fourth place (using the 5.74 metres from the IOC), and cites the remaining 5 jumpers all as "also competed" with no distance given; Olympedia also lists the 14 non-starters shown below (though this would make 23 entries rather than the 18 provided by both Olympedia itself and the Official Report). Kluge uses the flat 6 metres for Garrett and puts Connolly's jump (rather than that of Chalkokondylis) at 5.74 metres, marking all six remaining men as "also competed." Zur Megede matches the IOC page through the top five, but Sjöberg is replaced by the Hungarian Desiderius Wein with a distance of 5.64 metres, placing him after Schuhmann; Schuhmann (with the same 5.70 metres as the IOC) is moved up to 6th without Sjöberg and with Chalkokondylis being marked as "also competed." No source lists the results of individual jumps, other than remarking that Clark fouled on his first two attempts and achieved his 6.35 metres on the final one.

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Distance | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Ellery Harding Clark | United States | 6.35 | **OR** |
|  | Robert Garrett | United States | 6.18 |  |
|  | James Brendan Connolly | United States | 6.11 |  |
| 4 | Alexandre Tuffèri | France | 5.98 |  |
| 5 | Adolphe Grisel | France | 5.83 |  |
| 6 | Henrik Sjöberg | Sweden | 5.80 |  |
| 7 | Alexandros Chalkokondylis | Greece | 5.74 |  |
| 8 | Carl Schuhmann | Germany | 5.70 |  |
| 9 | Athanasios Skaltsogiannis | Greece | Unknown |  |
|  | Harald Arbin | Sweden | DNS |  |
| | Thomas Curtis | United States | DNS |  |
| | Nándor Dáni | Hungary | DNS |  |
| | Ralph Derr | United States | DNS |  |
| | Kurt Doerry | Germany | DNS |  |
| | Alfred Flatow | Germany | DNS |  |
| | Carl Galle | Germany | DNS |  |
| | Fritz Hofmann | Germany | DNS |  |
| | Konstantinos Mouratis | Greece | DNS |  |
| | Pál Péthy | Hungary | DNS |  |
| | Alajos Szokolyi | Hungary | DNS |  |
| | Momcsilló Tapavicza | Hungary | DNS |  |
| | Friedrich Traun | Germany | DNS |  |
| | Hermann Weingärtner | Germany | DNS |  |

## InfoBox

| Men's long jump
at the Games of the I Olympiad | |
| --- | --- |
| Ellery Harding Clark | |
| Venue | Panathinaiko Stadium |
| Dates | 7 April 1896 |
| Competitors | 9 from 5 nations |
| Winning distance | 6.35 **OR** |
| Medalists | |
| Ellery Harding Clark
United States  Robert Garrett
United States  James Brendan Connolly
United States | |
|


title: 2007 Angola Cup

abstract: The 2007 Taça de Angola was the 26th edition of the Taça de Angola, the second most important and the top knock-out football club competition following the Girabola. The winner qualified to the 2008 CAF Confederation Cup.

text:
# 2007 Angola Cup

The **2007 Taça de Angola** was the 26th edition of the Taça de Angola, the second most important and the top knock-out football club competition following the Girabola.

The winner qualified to the 2008 CAF Confederation Cup.

## Stadiums and locations

Aca SoyoSagradaBenfica
SantosASAInterclube1º de Agosto
PetroLiboloMaquis
Juv Moxico1º de MaioPetro HuamboDesp Huíla
Benfica LubAtl Namibeclass=notpageimage| Locations of the 2007 Angola Cup teams

| P | Team | Home city | Stadium | Capacity | 2006 | Current | P |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 5 | Académica do Soyo | Soyo | Estádio dos Imbondeiros | 10,000 | R16 | R16 |  |
| 4 | ASA | Luanda | Estádio da Cidadela | 60,000 | R16 | QF | 1 |
| 5 | Atlético do Namibe | Namibe | Estádio Joaquim Morais | 5,000 | QF | R16 | 1 |
| 2 | Benfica de Luanda | Luanda | Estádio dos Coqueiros | 8,000 | Runner-Up | Runner-Up |  |
| 4 | Benfica do Lubango | Lubango | Estádio da N.Sra do Monte | 14,000 | R16 | QF | 1 |
| 5 | Bravos do Maquis | Luena | Estádio Mundunduleno | 4,300 | R16 | R16 |  |
| 5 | Desportivo da Huíla | Lubango | Estádio do Ferrovia | 15,000 | R16 | R16 |  |
| 5 | Interclube | Luanda | Estádio 22 de Junho | 7,000 | R16 | R16 |  |
| 4 | Juv do Moxico | Luena | Estádio Mundunduleno | 4,300 | DNP | QF | n/a |
| 3 | Petro de Luanda | Luanda | Estádio da Cidadela | 50,000 | SF | SF |  |
| 5 | Petro do Huambo | Huambo | Estádio dos Kurikutelas | 17,000 | DNP | R16 |  |
| 3 | Primeiro de Agosto | Luanda | Estádio da Cidadela | 50,000 | Champion | SF | 2 |
| 1 | Primeiro de Maio | Benguela | Estádio Edelfride Costa | 6,000 | QF | Champion | 3 |
| 5 | Recreativo do Libolo | Calulo | Estádio Municipal de Calulo | 10,000 | DNP | R16 | n/a |
| 4 | Sagrada Esperança | Dundo | Estádio Sagrada Esperança | 8,000 | SF | QF | 1 |
| 5 | Santos FC | Luanda | Estádio dos Coqueiros | 8,000 | QF | R16 | 1 |

## Championship bracket

## Round of 16

| Sat, 25 Aug 2007 R16 | Interclube | **0–0** (a.e.t.)
(**3–4** ) | **ASA** | Luanda |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 |  |  |  | Stadium: Estádio 22 de Junho
Referee: Manuel Francisco |

| Sat, 25 Aug 2007 R16 | Bravos do Maquis | **1–1** (a.e.t.)
(**0–3** ) | **1º de Maio** | Luanda |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Mukota  46' | Report | 43' Adolfo | Stadium: Estádio 22 de Junho
Referee: Jorge Magalhães
Luciano António, Eurico Vicesse |

| Sat, 25 Aug 2007 R16 | **Benfica Lubango** | **3–0** | Rec do Libolo | Luena |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 |  |  |  | Stadium: Estádio Mundunduleno
Referee: Venâncio Daniel |

| Sun, 26 Aug 2007 R16 | Petro do Huambo | **0–0** (a.e.t.)
(**3–4** ) | **1º de Agosto** | Huambo |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 |  | Report |  | Stadium: Estádio dos Kurikutelas
Attendance: 200
Referee: Romualdo Baltazar, Jerson Emiliano, Cláudio Francisco |
|  | **Penalties** | | |  |
| | Ngueno
Braulio
Faustino
Silva
Longuinha
Hélder |  | Joãozinho
Moreno
Vado
Kumaka
Levi
Roger | |

| Sun, 26 Aug 2007 R16 | Atlético Namibe | **0–1** | **Benfica Luanda** | Namibe |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 |  |  |  | Stadium: Joaquim Morais
Referee: Fernando Mação |

| Sun, 26 Aug 2007 R16 | Desportivo Huíla | **1–1** (a.e.t.)
(**3–5** ) | **Sagrada Esperança** | Lubango |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 |  |  |  | Attendance: 2.000
Referee: Pedro dos Santos |

| Sun, 26 Aug 2007 R16 | **Juv do Moxico** | **1–0** | Académica do Soyo | Mundunduleno, Luena |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Henrique  78' | Report |  | Referee: Angelino Armando
Alberto Bumba, Sabino Francisco |

| Sun, 26 Aug 2007 R16 | **Petro Luanda** | **1–0** | Santos FC | Luena |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 |  |  |  |  |

## Quarter-finals

| Sat, 15 Sep 2007 QF | ASA | **0–1** | **1º de Agosto** | Luanda |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 |  | Report | 41' Milanzi | Stadium: Estádio dos Coqueiros
Attendance: 3,000
Referee: Pedro dos Santos
Sebastião da Silva, Faustino Cambiji |

| Sun, 16 Sep 2007 QF | Sagrada Esperança | **0–0**
(**3–5** ) | **Benfica Luanda** | Malanje |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 |  |  |  | Stadium: Estádio 1º de Maio
Referee: Paulo Talaya |

| Sun, 16 Sep 2007 QF | Juv do Moxico | **0–1** | **1º de Maio** | Luena |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 |  | Report | 87' *Sting* | Stadium: Estádio Mundunduleno
Referee: Leopoldo Mavunza |

| Sun, 16 Sep 2007 QF | **Petro Luanda** | **1–1**
(**2–0** ) | Benfica Lubango | Luanda |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | P. Silva  85' | Report | 13' *Gugú* | Stadium: Estádio da Cidadela
Attendance: 1,000
Referee: Hélder Martins |
|  | **Penalties** | | |  |
| | *Akwá*
*Mabiná*
Santana
P.Silva |  | Diangani
Nanana
Kalusha
Pick | |

## Semi-finals

| Sat, 3 Nov 2007 SF | **Benfica Luanda** | **2–2**
(**7–5** ) | Petro Luanda | Luanda |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Serge  2'  77' | Report | 51' *Akwá*
83' Yamba Asha | Stadium: Estádio dos Coqueiros
Attendance: 3.000
Referee: Romualdo Baltazar
Jerson Emiliano, Luís Chaua |

| Sun, 4 Nov 2007 SF | 1º de Agosto | **1–1**
(**3–4** ) | **1º de Maio** | Luanda |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | *Love*  74' | Report | 18' Adolfo | Stadium: Estádio dos Coqueiros
Attendance: 2.000
Referee: Jorge Magalhães |
|  | **Penalties** | | |  |
| | Alberto
*Gazeta*
*Love*
Kumaca
Milanzi
Danny |  | Sassoma
Fita
Calala
Coimbra
Vunda
*Dinho* | |

## Final

| Primeiro de Maio | 2–1 (a.e.t.) | **Benfica de Luanda** |
| --- | --- | --- |
| *Adolfo*  76' (pen.)
Fita  90+5' | Report | 37' *Bena* |

Estádio da Cidadela, LuandaAttendance: 3.000Referee: Pedro dos Santos

| GK   Lokwa   DF   Calala  DF   *Dinho*    DF   *Gui*  15'  DF   *Lilí*   MF   Coimbra  MF   Jadson   54'  MF   Marcos  MF   Sassoma  FW   Adolfo   90+28'  FW   *Sting*   66'  **Substitutions:**  DF   *Zezinho*   54'  MF   Fita   66'  DF   Dany   90+28'  **Manager:**  Rui Teixeira |  | GK **22**  Kizamba   DF **2**  *Lito*  DF **5**  Mbala  DF **28**  Buco  DF   Hero   29'  MF **8**  *Bota*   90+11'  MF **10**  *Totó*  MF **20**  *Amaro*  MF **-**  Hugo  FW **15**  Serge  15'  FW **14**  *Avex*  **Substitutions:**  FW **10**  Bena   29'  FW **17**  *Nato* Faial   90+11'  **Manager:**  *Zeca* Amaral |
| --- | --- | --- |

## InfoBox

2007 Angola Cup
| Tournament details | |
| --- | --- |
| Country | Angola |
| Dates | 18 Jun - 11 Nov 2016 |
| Teams | 22 |
| Defending champions | Primeiro de Agosto |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | Primeiro de Maio |
| Runner-up | Benfica de Luanda |
| 2008 CAF Confederation Cup | 1º de Maio (winner) |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 15 |
|  | |


title: Austin Bayou

abstract: Austin Bayou is a small waterway in Brazoria County, in the U.S. state of Texas. The bayou is named for Stephen F. Austin, the founder of Texas.

text:
# Austin Bayou

**Austin Bayou** is a small waterway in Brazoria County, in the U.S. state of Texas. The bayou is named for Stephen F. Austin, the founder of Texas.

* "An Analysis of Texas Waterways". Archived from the original on 3 May 2006. Retrieved 2006-05-04.
* USGS Geographic Names Information Service
* USGS Hydrologic Unit Map - State of Texas (1974)

29°05′55.6″N 95°17′56.6″W / 29.098778°N 95.299056°W / 29.098778; -95.299056

## InfoBox

| Austin Bayou | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| Physical characteristics | |
|  | |
| Source |  |
| location | Texas |
|  | |


title: 1989 European Open

abstract: The 1989 European Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Drizia-Miremont Tennis Club in Geneva, Switzerland that was part of the Category 2 tier of the 1989 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from 22 May until 28 May 1989. Third-seeded Manuela Maleeva won the singles title.

text:
# 1989 European Open

The **1989 European Open** was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Drizia-Miremont Tennis Club in Geneva, Switzerland that was part of the Category 2 tier of the 1989 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from 22 May until 28 May 1989. Third-seeded Manuela Maleeva won the singles title.

## Finals

### Singles

Manuela Maleeva defeated  Conchita Martínez 6–4, 6–0

* It was Maleeva's 2nd title of the year and the 14th of her career.

### Doubles

Katrina Adams /  Lori McNeil defeated  Larisa Savchenko /  Natasha Zvereva 2–6, 6–3, 6–4

* It was Adams' 4th title of the year and the 8th of her career. It was McNeil's 2nd title of the year and the 20th of her career.

## InfoBox

| 1989 European Open | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | 22 – 28 May |
| Edition | 13th |
| Category | Category 2 |
| Draw | 32S / 16D |
| Prize money | $100,000 |
| Surface | Clay / outdoor |
| Location | Geneva, Switzerland |
| Venue | Drizia-Miremont Tennis Club |
| Champions | |
| Singles | |
| Manuela Maleeva | |
| Doubles | |
| Katrina Adams /  Lori McNeil | |
|  | |