title: Evolution (JLS album)

abstract: Evolution is the fourth studio album by British boy band JLS. The album was released on 5 November 2012 through RCA Records. The album marks a new change in direction for the band, described as "a throwback to the '90s new jack swing/R&B-influenced music". The album was preceded by the single "Hottest Girl in the World", released on 21 October 2012.

text:
# Evolution (JLS album)

***Evolution*** is the fourth studio album by British boy band JLS. The album was released on 5 November 2012 through RCA Records. The album marks a new change in direction for the band, described as "a throwback to the '90s new jack swing/R&B-influenced music". The album was preceded by the single "Hottest Girl in the World", released on 21 October 2012.

## Background

In March 2012, Oritsé Williams revealed that JLS had decided to work with top American producers for their fourth record, so they can give their fans a "great album". He claimed that "We're furthering our sound in that way." "We've been in the studio with people like Darkchild, and we've kind of gone back to new jack swing, and R&B on the album." He also revealed that they were working with "Mr. Bangladesh, who is known for his hip hop. We wanted to write with new people. We've got to give the fans a great album and we try to be the best we can." In April 2012, the band revealed that they were "going to Scandinavia and America over the next few weeks to put pen to paper." They also announced that the goal with the album was "to take us international."

In August 2012, the group revealed that the album would be titled *Evolution*, and would be released on 5 November 2012. Humes later stated the thinking behind the title was based on the fact that the group "wanted to come back with something that was different and that would give people something to talk about". On 3 September 2012, they announced that "Hottest Girl in the World" would serve as the lead single from the album, with a release date of 21 October 2012. On 21 August, the band began filming a music video for "Hottest Girl in the World". On the direction of the album. Aston Merrygold said; "We didn't go by any kind of guidelines or anything like that, we just made what felt right and we're really excited about it." On 11 September, the band unveiled the artwork for the album. The band also confirmed that a deluxe version of the album will be available, that will feature bonus and previously unreleased tracks. On 6 September, "Hottest Girl in the World" premiered on BBC Radio 1. The album features collaborations with both Bebe O'Hare and Tiffany Foxx, two independent artists who are well known on the underground circuit in the United States. Humes said of Tiffany Foxx's appearance: "Tiffany helped us with a spectacular take of *Dessert*. She cracked the vocals. We would love to see the version with her released as a single." In promotion of the album, the band performed "Hottest Girl in the World" on *The X Factor* on 21 October 2012, and premiered "Hold Me Down" on the edition of *The Xtra Factor* that followed. They also performed the track on *Alan Carr: Chatty Man* on 26 October 2012.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings
| Aggregate scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AnyDecentMusic? | 5.6/10 |
| Metacritic | 54/100 |
| Review scores | |
| Source | Rating |
| 4Music | Positive |
| AllMusic |  |
| AMAZEPOP | Positive |
| *Daily Express* |  |
| Digital Spy |  |
| *Flavour Magazine* | Positive |
| *The Guardian* |  |
| *The Independent* |
 |
| *Maximum POP!* | Positive |
| musicOMH |  |
| *Sugarscape* |  |

Upon release, *Evolution* received mixed to positive reviews from music critics. At review aggregate site Metacritic, it has an average score of 54 out of 100, based on five reviews, indicating "mixed to average" reviews. Shaun Kitchener of AMAZEPOP gave it a positive review, comparing it favourably to JLS's previous album *Jukebox* (2011). He said: "...it makes the group feel fresh again, like they're back at the forefront of the British boyband movement. They’re sensibly taking a step away from the half-cooked urbanised electro-pop that filled their last couple of albums; leaving the guitar-driven bubblegum choruses to One Direction and letting The Wanted get on with their own brand of club-ready ladpop." "Gotta Try It", "Hold Me Down" and "Give Me Life" were named the best tracks, with the latter being compared to Chris Brown. Kate Lucey of *Sugarscape* believed that JLS had "...upped their game for Evolution; released R&B, urban flavoured pop, and mastered it". She called it "their best record yet" and gave it a perfect 10/10 rating. Maximum Pop said: "All in all, a pretty solid album from Marvin & Co, as well as showing a significant progression of their overall musical style – they’ve moved from their pop leanings and have fully embraced their role as an R&B group, something that’ll help them separate from the growing pack of boybands out there, particularly against One Direction’s guitar-based power pop and The Wanted’s more clubby, experimental records. It’s an ‘Evolution’ alright, and we’re definitely along for the ride."

Writing for 4Music, Chris Younie was highly positive in his review: "We've always known \[JLS\] were suave and sophisticated, but this has never been more evident than on this latest album. The boys are back and they're cooler, crisper and cleverer than ever before. We approve." Lewis Corner of Digital Spy gave the album 3/5 stars. Regarding "Hottest Girl in the World", he said "...it was a relief to hear the group ditch their tired R&B-dance hybrids to serve up a cool slice of Justin Timberlake-styled pop. Their new attitude showed everyone that JLS are not shy about shaking off their boyish charm and transform into a charismatic manband." He was critical of other tracks "I Like It" and "Gotta Try It", but admitted that "Nevertheless, the result is an improvement on 2011's Jukebox and proves that JLS still have some mileage in them yet." In a review for AllMusic, Matt Collar said: "The fourth album from 2008 *X Factor* runner-up JLS, 2012's Evolution features more of the British boy band's slick, dance-oriented R&B. This time, JLS have teamed up with big-name producers Mr. Bangladesh (Usher, T-Pain) and Rodney Jerkins (Michael Jackson, Justin Bieber). The result is a synth-heavy album that evinces a kind of updated take on the '90s new jack swing influence that first inspired the group."

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Producer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Dessert" | Aston Merrygold • Marvin Humes • Oritse Williams • JB Gill • Shondrae Crawford • Dwayne Abernathy • Sean FentonKeith Sweat • Roy Murray | Mr. BangladeshDem Jointz | 3:35 |
| 2. | "Hottest Girl in the World" | Merrygold • Humes • Williams • Gill • Abernathy • Ali Tennant | Mr. Bangladesh • Dem Jointz • James Reynolds • MNEK | 3:37 |
| 3. | "Have Your Way" | Merrygold • Humes • Williams • Gill • Andrew Harr • Jermaine JacksonKevin "KC" Cossom • Jon-David Anderson • David Anderson | The Runners • Jon-David Anderson • David Anderson | 3:30 |
| 4. | "Hold Me Down" | Merrygold • Humes • Williams • Gill • Rodney JerkinsWayne Hector • Eric Bellinger | Darkchild • Hollywood Hotsauce | 3:30 |
| 5. | "I Like It" | Merrygold • Humes • Williams • Gill • Andreas RomdhaneJosef LarossiIna Wroldsen | TMS | 3:40 |
| 6. | "All The Way" | Merrygold • Humes • Williams • Gill • Crawford • Abernathy • Armando Buelna • Mark Guinto • Rose Benson • William Reyes | Mr. Bangladesh | 4:24 |
| 7. | "Give Me Life" | Merrygold • Humes • Williams • Gill • Jarrad Rogers • Emmanuel Orelaja • Jay Warner | Jarrad Rogers | 3:07 |
| 8. | "Don't Know That" | Merrygold • Humes • Williams • Gill • Jerkins • Hector | Darkchild • Hollywood Hotsauce | 3:56 |
| 9. | "Troublemaker" (featuring Bebe O'Hare) | Tennant • Peter Gordeno • Mike "Scribz" Riley • Brittany Davis | Midi Mafia • James F. Reynolds | 2:58 |
| 10. | "Gotta Try It" | Merrygold • Humes • Williams • Gill • Crawford • Abernathy | Mr. Bangladesh • Dem Jointz | 3:50 |
| 11. | "Homeless Heart" | Merrygold • Humes • Williams • Gill • Tennant • Tim McEwan | DEEKAY | 3:58 |
| 12. | "Heartrock" | Merrygold • Humes • Williams • Gill • Lars Halvor Jensen | DEEKAY | 3:05 |
| 13. | "Single No More" | Merrygold • Humes • Williams • Gill • Jensen • Tennant • Johannes Jørgensen | DEEKAY | 4:06 |
| 14. | "Talk It Out" | Merrygold • Humes • Williams • Gill • Bellinger • Erika Nuri • Harmony Samuels | Harmony Samuels | 3:43 |

Deluxe edition bonus tracks
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Producer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15. | "Hottest Girl in the World" (Wideboys Remix) | Williams, Humes, Gill, Merrygold, Crawford, Abernathy, Tennant | Mr. Bangladesh, Dem Jointz (co.), James Reynolds (add.), MNEK (add.), The Wideboys (remix) | 5:08 |
| 16. | "Dessert" (featuring Tiffany Foxx) | JLS, Crawford, Abernathy, Fenton | Mr. Bangladesh, Dem Jointz (co.) | 4:18 |

* "Dessert" contains an interpolation of "Freak Me" as performed by Silk.

## Charts and certifications

## Release history

| Country | Date | Format | Label |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Ireland | 3 November 2012 | CD, digital download | RCA Records, Sony Music |
| United Kingdom | 5 November 2012 | | |

## InfoBox

| Evolution | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by JLS | |
| Released | 5 November 2012 (2012-11-05) |
| Recorded | 2012 |
| Genre | R&B |
| Label | RCA |
| Producer |  |
| JLS chronology | |
| *Jukebox*
(2011) ***Evolution***
(2012) *Goodbye – The Greatest Hits*
(2013) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Evolution* | |
| 1. "Hottest Girl in the World"
Released: 21 October 2012 2. "Hold Me Down"
Released: 17 December 2012 | |
|  | |


title: Augusto Bartolo

abstract: Sir Augusto Bartolo, sometimes known as Augustus Bartolo, was a Maltese journalist, politician and judge.

text:
# Augusto Bartolo

**Sir Augusto Bartolo** (1883 – 20 February 1937), sometimes known as **Augustus Bartolo**, was a Maltese journalist, politician and judge.

## Biography

He took an active role in the process of the Maltese constitutional and political development. Being pro-British Bartolo was against the Italian irredentist claim over Malta. However, in his political life he opposed the Anglicisation of Maltese culture, performed back then by the Prime Minister of Malta, Sir Gerald Strickland. Augusto Bartolo and Gerald Strickland were both founders of the Constitutional Party. The political party supported the English language during the language question in Malta with Bartolo having showed equal support to both English and Italian, and Strickland English and Maltese. Bartolo took a prominent role in the early governance of Malta working to bring social reforms.

Bartolo studied law becoming a lawyer, and later a prominent judge in Malta. He was an editor of the *Malta Chronicle*. During his political life he was a senator (when Malta still had a senate) and later became the *Minister for Public Instruction and Migration* in Malta, serving a crucial role when significant percentage of the Maltese population emigrated to British colonies of the time. One of his residences was the notable Villa Guardamangia which was later the temporal official residence of some members of the British royal family when residing in Malta.

He is buried at the cemetery of Santa Maria Addolorata ("Our Lady of Sorrows") in Paola, the largest graveyard of the country. A street in Ta' Xbiex is named after him as Sir Augustus Bartolo Street.


title: 1996–97 Coupe de la Ligue

abstract: The 1996–97 Coupe de la Ligue began on 28 August 1996 and the final took place on 12 April 1997 at the Stade de France. Metz were the defending champions, but were knocked-out by Caen in the Round of 16. Strasbourg went on to win the tournament, beating Bordeaux 6–5 on penalties in the final.

text:
# 1996–97 Coupe de la Ligue

The **1996–97 Coupe de la Ligue** began on 28 August 1996 and the final took place on 12 April 1997 at the Stade de France. Metz were the defending champions, but were knocked-out by Caen in the Round of 16. Strasbourg went on to win the tournament, beating Bordeaux 6–5 on penalties in the final.

## First preliminary round

The match was played on 28 August 1996.

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Alès | 1–2 | **Nîmes** |

## Second preliminary round

The matches were played on 1 October and 13 November 1996.

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Stade Poitevin | 0–1 | **Dunkerque** |
| **Nîmes** | 0–0 (a.e.t.)
(4–3 ) | Angers |

## First round

The matches were played on 23 October and 20 November 1996.

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Nîmes** | 1–0 | Beauvais |
| **Louhans-Cuiseaux** | 5–1 | Gueugnon |
| Amiens | 0–0 (a.e.t.)
(5–6 ) | **Saint-Étienne** |
| **Épinal** | 1–0 | Perpignan |
| **Toulouse** | 3–1 (a.e.t.) | Stade Briochin |
| **Troyes** | 2–0 | Sochaux |
| **Toulon** | 2–1 | Laval |
| **Châteauroux** | 2–2 (a.e.t.)
(4–2 ) | Mulhouse |
| **Valence** | 1–0 | Charleville |
| Red Star | 1–4 | **Lorient** |
| **Le Mans** | 1–1 (a.e.t.)
(3–2 ) | Martigues |
| **Niort** | 4–1 | Dunkerque |

## Second round

The matches were played on 10 and 11 December 1996.

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Marseille** | 3–2 | Auxerre |
| **Lyon** | 2–1 | Paris Saint-Germain |
| **Monaco** | 3–3 (a.e.t.)
(4–2 ) | Troyes |
| **Montpellier** | 2–2 (a.e.t.)
(4–2 ) | Bastia |
| **Rennes** | 1–0 | Le Havre |
| Nice | 2–2 (a.e.t.)
(4–5 ) | **Caen** |
| **Cannes** | 1–0 | Nancy |
| Niort | 0–2 | **Lens** |
| **Metz** | 2–0 | Lorient |
| **Nantes** | 2–1 | Valence |
| **Strasbourg** | 3–0 | Saint-Étienne |
| **Toulon** | 2–1 | Lille |
| **Bordeaux** | 3–0 | Châteauroux |
| **Nîmes** | 1–0 | Guingamp |
| **Le Mans** | 2–0 | Épinal |
| Toulouse | 2–3 | **Louhans-Cuiseaux** |

## Round of 16

The matches were played on 10, 11, 12 and 15 January 1997.

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Nîmes | 0–1 | **Montpellier** |
| **Strasbourg** | 2–0 | Cannes |
| Toulon | 0–1 | **Lens** |
| **Bordeaux** | 1–0 (a.e.t.) | Marseille |
| **Caen** | 1–0 | Metz |
| **Louhans-Cuiseaux** | 0–0 (a.e.t.)
(4–2 ) | Nantes |
| Le Mans | 1–3 | **Monaco** |
| **Rennes** | 4–3 | Lyon |

## Quarter-finals

The matches were played on 28 and 29 January 1997.

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Strasbourg** | 5–1 (a.e.t.) | Louhans-Cuiseaux |
| **Montpellier** | 2–1 (a.e.t.) | Rennes |
| **Bordeaux** | 0–0 (a.e.t.)
(4–2 ) | Caen |
| Lens | 0–1 | **Monaco** |

## Semi-finals

The matches were played on 18 and 19 February 1997.

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Bordeaux** | 2–2 (a.e.t.)
(7–6 ) | Montpellier |
| **Strasbourg** | 2–1 | Monaco |

## Final

The final was played on 12 April 1997 at the Parc des Princes.

| Strasbourg | 0–0 | Bordeaux |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |
| Penalties | | |
|  | 6–5 |  |

Parc des Princes, ParisAttendance: 39,878Referee: Philippe Leduc

## InfoBox

1996–97 Coupe de la Ligue
| French League Cup | |
| --- | --- |
| Tournament details | |
| Country | France |
| Dates | 28 August 1996 – 12 April 1997 |
| Teams | 47 |
| Defending champions | Metz |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | Strasbourg (1st title) |
| Runner-up | Bordeaux |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 46 |
| Goals scored | 120 (2.61 per match) |
| Top goal scorer(s) | David Zitelli (5 goals) |
|  | |


title: 1999 Campeonato Carioca

abstract: The 1999 edition of the Campeonato Carioca kicked off on January 31, 1999 and ended on June 19, 1999. It is the official tournament organized by FFERJ (Federação de Futebol do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, or Rio de Janeiro State Football Federation. Only clubs based in the Rio de Janeiro State are allowed to play. Thirteen teams contested this edition. Flamengo won the title for the 25th time. no teams were relegated.

text:
# 1999 Campeonato Carioca

The 1999 edition of the **Campeonato Carioca** kicked off on January 31, 1999 and ended on June 19, 1999. It is the official tournament organized by FFERJ (Federação de Futebol do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, or Rio de Janeiro State Football Federation. Only clubs based in the Rio de Janeiro State are allowed to play. Thirteen teams contested this edition. Flamengo won the title for the 25th time. no teams were relegated.

## System

The tournament was divided in four stages:

* **Preliminary tournament**: The four bottom teams in the 1998 Preliminary tournament joined Cabo Frio, champions of the 1998 Second Level. The five teams all played against each other in a double round-robin format, but for classification purposes, they were divided into two groups; one with the teams from the city of Rio de Janeiro, and the other with the hinterland teams; The best team in each group qualified into the main tournament.
* **Taça Guanabara**: The 10 clubs all played in single round-robin format against each other.
* **Taça Rio**: The 10 clubs all played in single round-robin format against each other.
* **Finals**: The Finals would happen in two matches, both played at the Maracanã Stadium, between the champions of the Taças Guanabara and Rio.

## Championship

### Preliminary phase

#### Interior Group

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Itaperuna | 8 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 11 | 5 | +6 | 17 | Qualified |
| 2 | Volta Redonda | 8 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 10 | 5 | +5 | 16 |  |
| 3 | Cabo Frio | 8 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 10 | 10 | 0 | | 11 |

Updated to match(es) played on March 3, 1999. Source: RSSSF.com
Rules for classification: 1) points; 2) wins; 3) goal difference; 4) number of goals scored.

#### Capital Group

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Olaria | 8 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 11 | 6 | +5 | 12 | Qualified |
| 2 | América | 8 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 16 | 16 | 0 | Disqualified |

Updated to match(es) played on March 3, 1999. Source: RSSSF.com
Rules for classification: 1) points; 2) wins; 3) goal difference; 4) number of goals scored.
Notes:

### Taça Guanabara

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Flamengo | 9 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 18 | 5 | +13 | 25 | Taça Guanabara champions, qualified for finals |
| 2 | Vasco da Gama | 9 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 21 | 7 | +14 | 22 |  |
| 3 | Fluminense | 9 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 23 | 15 | +8 | | 19 |
| 4 | Friburguense | 9 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 15 | 11 | +4 | | 14 |
| 5 | Olaria | 9 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 14 | 16 | 2 | | 14 |
| 6 | Bangu | 9 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 15 | 17 | 2 | | 11 |
| 7 | Botafogo | 9 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 9 | 9 | 0 | | 10 |
| 8 | Americano | 9 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 14 | 18 | 4 | | 10 |
| 9 | Madureira | 9 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 11 | 7 | | 4 |
| 10 | Itaperuna | 9 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 4 | 28 | 24 | | 0 |

Updated to match(es) played on April 18, 1999. Source: RSSSF.com
Rules for classification: 1) points; 2) wins; 3) goal difference; 4) number of goals scored.

### Taça Rio

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Vasco da Gama | 9 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 23 | 5 | +18 | 23 | Taça Rio champions, qualified for finals |
| 2 | Flamengo | 9 | 6 | 0 | 3 | 19 | 7 | +12 | 18 |  |
| 3 | Madureira | 9 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 16 | 18 | 2 | | 15 |
| 4 | Americano | 9 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 16 | 16 | 0 | | 14 |
| 5 | Fluminense | 9 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 11 | 9 | +2 | | 12 |
| 6 | Botafogo | 9 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 12 | 12 | 0 | | 12 |
| 7 | Friburguense | 9 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 | 9 | 0 | | 12 |
| 8 | Bangu | 9 | 0 | 6 | 3 | 6 | 12 | 6 | | 6 |
| 9 | Olaria | 9 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 9 | 13 | 4 | | 7 |
| 10 | Itaperuna | 9 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 23 | 20 | | 2 |

Updated to match(es) played on June 6, 1999. Source: RSSSF.com
Rules for classification: 1) points; 2) wins; 3) goal difference; 4) number of goals scored.

### Finals

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Flamengo** | 2–1 | Vasco da Gama | 1–1 | 1–0 |

1. "RSSSF – Championship of Rio de Janeiro 1999". Retrieved April 29, 2019.
2. "Futebolnacional.com.br – Championship of Rio de Janeiro 1999". Archived from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved April 29, 2019.

## InfoBox

Campeonato Carioca
| Season | 1999 |
| --- | --- |
| Champions | Flamengo |
| Copa do Brasil | Flamengo
Fluminense
Americano
Botafogo
Vasco da Gama |
| Série C | Bangu |
| Matches played | 112 |
| Goals scored | 290 (2.59 per match) |
| Top goalscorer | Romário (Flamengo) - 16 goals |
| Biggest home win | Vasco da Gama 8-1 Madureira (May 19, 1999) |
| Biggest away win | Madureira 0-5 Flamengo (May 30, 1999) |
| Highest scoring | Vasco da Gama 8-1 Madureira (May 19, 1999) |
| 1998 2000 | |


title: Association for Latin Liturgy

abstract:
The Association for Latin Liturgy is a British lay Catholic organisation which promotes greater use of Latin in the Mass. It was founded in 1969 by Dick Richens who was formerly a member of the Latin Mass Society of England and Wales. Unlike the Latin Mass Society, the Association for Latin Liturgy does not insist on just the Tridentine Mass, but also the Mass of Paul VI in Latin. Indeed, it was because the Latin Mass Society voted not to adopt the New Mass that some members left as they felt that such a move could be considered schismatic. Its stated aims are as follows:
  - to promote understanding of the theological, pastoral and spiritual qualities of the liturgy in Latin
  - to preserve the sacredness and dignity of the Roman rite
  - to secure, for the present and future generations, the Church's unique inheritance of liturgical music

text:
# Association for Latin Liturgy

The **Association for Latin Liturgy** is a British lay Catholic organisation which promotes greater use of Latin in the Mass. It was founded in 1969 by Dick Richens who was formerly a member of the Latin Mass Society of England and Wales. Unlike the Latin Mass Society, the Association for Latin Liturgy does not insist on just the Tridentine Mass, but also the Mass of Paul VI in Latin. Indeed, it was because the Latin Mass Society voted not to adopt the New Mass that some members left as they felt that such a move could be considered schismatic. Its stated aims are as follows:

* to promote understanding of the theological, pastoral and spiritual qualities of the liturgy in Latin
* to preserve the sacredness and dignity of the Roman rite
* to secure, for the present and future generations, the Church's unique inheritance of liturgical music


title: Frederick A. Thomson

abstract: Frederick A. Thomson (1869–1925), sometimes spelled Thompson, was a director of silent films in the United States. He began his directing career in theater. Thomson was credited by Helen Hayes for enabling her debut in Jean and the Calico Doll. She wrote in her 1968 memoir On Reflection that Thompson persuaded her mother to let her perform in the film for Vitagraph Studios, where he had begun working. The Brooklyn-based troupe traveled by ferry to Fort Lee, New Jersey, to film Jean and the Calico Doll with Maurice Costello and Florence Turner.

text:
# Frederick A. Thomson

**Frederick A. Thomson** (1869–1925), sometimes spelled **Thompson**, was a director of silent films in the United States. He began his directing career in theater.

Thomson was credited by Helen Hayes for enabling her debut in *Jean and the Calico Doll*. She wrote in her 1968 memoir *On Reflection* that Thompson persuaded her mother to let her perform in the film for Vitagraph Studios, where he had begun working. The Brooklyn-based troupe traveled by ferry to Fort Lee, New Jersey, to film *Jean and the Calico Doll* with Maurice Costello and Florence Turner.

## Selected filmography

### Actor

### Screenwriter


# Finswimming at the 2009 World Games – Men's 50 m apnoea

The men's 50 m apnoea competition in finswimming at the 2009 World Games took place on 24 July 2009 at the Kaohsiung Swimming Pool in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

## Competition format

A total of 15 athletes entered the competition. The best eight athletes from preliminary round qualifies to the final.

## Results

### Preliminary

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Evgeny Skorzhenko | Russia | 14.37 | Q |
| 2 | Igor Soroka | Ukraine | 14.47 | Q |
| 3 | Lee Kwan-ho | South Korea | 14.48 | Q |
| 4 | Alexander Formin | Russia | 14.70 | Q |
| 5 | Nikolai Tover | Estonia | 14.75 | Q |
| 6 | Cen Jinlong | China | 14.80 | Q |
| 7 | Yuan Haifeng | China | 14.90 | Q |
| 8 | Dmytro Sydorenko | Ukraine | 14.92 | Q |
| 9 | Hideaki Sakai | Japan | 15.04 |  |
| 10 | Cesare Fumarola | Italy | 15.26 |  |
| 11 | Gianluca Mancini | Italy | 15.35 |  |
| 12 | Erven Morice | France | 15.55 |  |
| 13 | Karoly Joszt | Hungary | 15.76 |  |
| 14 | Eslam Shama | Egypt | 16.56 |  |
| 15 | Lin Yueh-hsun | Chinese Taipei | 16.59 |  |

### Final

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Igor Soroka | Ukraine | 14.38 |
|  | Evgeny Skorzhenko | Russia | 14.40 |
|  | Lee Kwan-ho | South Korea | 14.51 |
| 4 | Cen Jinlong | China | 14.62 |
| 5 | Nikolai Tover | Estonia | 14.67 |
| 6 | Alexander Formin | Russia | 14.71 |
| 7 | Yuan Haifeng | China | 14.77 |
| 8 | Dmytro Sydorenko | Ukraine | 15.11 |

## InfoBox

| Finswimming – men's 50 m apnoea <br>at the 2009 World Games | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Kaohsiung Swimming Pool |
| Location | Kaohsiung, Taiwan |
| Date | 24 July 2009 |
| Competitors | 15 from 11 nations |
| Medalists | |
|  | |
|


abstract: The European Under-19 Individual Speedway Championship is an annual speedway event organised by FIM Europe since 1998.

text:
# European Under-19 Individual Speedway Championship

The **European Under-19 Individual Speedway Championship** is an annual speedway event organised by FIM Europe (formerly the European Motorcycle Union (UEM)) since 1998.

## Championship history

The European Under-19 Championship was inaugurated in 1998, under the control of the European Motorcycle Union (UEM). Between 2013 and 2020, it was known as the European Under-21 Individual Speedway Championship, when it was expanded to include riders up to the age of 21 years of age.

The European Under-19 Championship returned in 2017 and was staged concurrently until the Under-21 event was discontinued in 2021.

## Past winners

| **Year** | **Venue** | **Winners** | **2nd place** | **3rd place** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1998 | Krško | Rafał Okoniewski | Aleš Dryml, Jr. | Hans N. Andersen |
| 1999 | Gniezno | Rafał Okoniewski | Karol Malecha | Jarosław Hampel |
| 2000 | Ljubljana | Lukáš Dryml | Niels Kristian Iversen | Zbigniew Czerwiński |
| 2001 | Pardubice | Łukasz Romanek | Rafał Kurmański | Daniel Davidsson |
| 2002 | Daugavpils | Matej Žagar | Kenneth Bjerre | Fredrik Lindgren |
| 2003 | Pocking | Kenneth Bjerre | Janusz Kołodziej | Antonio Lindbäck |
| 2004 | Rybnik | Antonio Lindbäck | Karol Ząbik | Morten Risager |
| 2005 | Mšeno | Karol Ząbik | Ķasts Poudžuks | Robert Pettersson |
| 2006 | Goričan | Jurica Pavlič | Andriy Karpov | Lars Hansen |
| 2007 | Częstochowa | Nicolai Klindt | Jurica Pavlič | Filip Šitera |
| 2008 | Stralsund | Artur Mroczka | Maciej Janowski | Artem Vodyakov |
| 2009 | Tarnów | Przemysław Pawlicki | Maciej Janowski | Martin Vaculík |
| 2010 | Goričan | Dennis Andersson | Przemysław Pawlicki | Patryk Dudek |
| 2011 | Ljubljana | Piotr Pawlicki, Jr. | Michael Jepsen Jensen | Vitaly Belousov |
| 2012 | Opole | Bartosz Zmarzlik | Tobiasz Musielak | Mikkel Michelsen |
| 2013-2016 | **Not staged. Replaced by European Under-21 Individual Speedway Championship** | | | | | |
| 2017 | Divišov | Robert Lambert | Filip Hjelmland | Bartosz Smektała |
| 2018 | Varkaus | Mads Hansen | Szymon Szlauderbach | Oļegs Mihailovs |
| 2019 | Žarnovica | Jan Kvěch | Evgeny Saidullin | Mads Hansen |
| 2020 | Žarnovica | Jan Kvěch | Marcus Birkemose | Daniel Klíma |
| 2021 | Riga | Francis Gusts | Philip Hellström Bängs | Mateusz Cierniak |
| 2022 | Nagyhalász | Jesper Knudsen | Mathias Pollestad | Casper Henriksson |
| 2023 | Gorzów | Wiktor Przyjemski | Damian Ratajczak | Mathias Pollestad |
| 2024 | Herxheim | Nazar Parnitskyi | Bastian Pedersen | Wiktor Przyjemski |

## InfoBox

| European Under-19 Individual Championship | |
| --- | --- |
| Rafał Okoniewski 1998 and 1999 winner | |


abstract: Badminton competitions at the 2023 Pan American Games in Santiago, Chile were held between October 21 and 25, 2023 at the Olympic Training Center, located in Ñuñoa, a suburb of Santiago. Five medal events were contested: singles and doubles for men and women and a mixed doubles event. A total of 90 athletes competed. The event awarded ranking points towards selection for the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, France.

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# Badminton at the 2023 Pan American Games

**Badminton** competitions at the **2023 Pan American Games** in Santiago, Chile were held between October 21 and 25, 2023 at the Olympic Training Center, located in Ñuñoa, a suburb of Santiago.

Five medal events were contested: singles and doubles for men and women and a mixed doubles event. A total of 90 athletes competed.

The event awarded ranking points towards selection for the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, France.

## Qualification

A total of 90 athletes (45 men and 45 women) will qualify to compete at the games. A nation may enter a maximum of four athletes per gender. As host nation, Chile automatically qualified a full team of eights athletes. All other quotas will be awarded through the team world rankings as of May 2, 2023. Each nation's highest ranked athlete/pair's points in each of the five events will be added to determine a country's point total. The top three ranked will qualify eight athletes, the next four countries will qualify six each (three per gender) and the next four after that will qualify four each (two per gender). All other nations will qualify one athlete each, until the quota per gender is reached. The gold medalists in both Men’s Singles and the Women’s Singles in the 2021 Junior Pan American Games received a direct quota for the Santiago 2023 Pan American Games, which will not be part of the maximum quota specified within the qualification process for these Games.

## Participating nations

A total of 23 NOC's qualified athletes. The number of athletes a nation entered is in parentheses beside the name of the country.

## Medal summary

### Medal table

*   Host nation (Chile)

| Rank | NOC | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Canada | 4 | 0 | 1 | 5 |
| 2 | United States | 1 | 3 | 0 | 4 |
| 3 | Brazil | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 4 | Independent Athletes Team | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 5 | Mexico | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 6 | Cuba | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| | El Salvador | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| | Peru | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (8 entries) | | 5 | 5 | 10 | 20 |

### Medalists

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Men's singles
 | Brian Yang
Canada | Kevin Cordón
Independent Athletes Team | Uriel Canjura
El Salvador |
| | | | Luis Ramón Garrido
Mexico |
| Women's singles
 | Beiwen Zhang
United States | Jennie Gai
United States | Rachel Chan
Canada |
| | | | Taymara Oropesa
Cuba |
|  | | | | | | |
| Men's doubles
 | Canada
Adam Dong
Nyl Yakura | Brazil
Fabrício Farias
Davi Silva | Independent Athletes Team
Aníbal Marroquín
Jonathan Solís |
| | | | Mexico
Job Castillo
Luis Montoya |
| Women's doubles
 | Canada
Catherine Choi
Josephine Wu | United States
Annie Xu
Kerry Xu | Mexico
Romina Fregoso
Miriam Rodríguez |
| | | | Brazil
Sânia Lima
Juliana Vieira |
| Mixed doubles
 | Canada
Ty Alexander Lindeman
Josephine Wu | United States
Vinson Chiu
Jennie Gai | Brazil
Davi Silva
Sânia Lima |
| | | | Peru
José Guevara
Inés Castillo |

## InfoBox

| Badminton at the 2023 Pan American Games | |
| --- | --- |
| Badminton pictogram | |
| Venue | Olympic Training Center |
| Start date | October 21, 2023 (2023-10-21) |
| End date | October 25, 2023 (2023-10-25) |
| No. of events | 5 (2 men, 2 women, 1 mixed) |
| Competitors | 90 from 23 nations |
| «2019 2027» | |


title: 1981 Benson & Hedges Championships

abstract: The 1981 Benson & Hedges Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Wembley Arena in London, England that was part of the 1981 Volvo Grand Prix. It was the sixth edition of the tournament and was held from 9 November until 14 November 1981. Second-seeded Jimmy Connors won the singles title.

text:
# 1981 Benson & Hedges Championships

The **1981 Benson & Hedges Championships** was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Wembley Arena in London, England that was part of the 1981 Volvo Grand Prix. It was the sixth edition of the tournament and was held from 9 November until 14 November 1981. Second-seeded Jimmy Connors won the singles title.

## Finals

### Singles

Jimmy Connors defeated  John McEnroe 3–6, 2–6, 6–3, 6–4, 6–2

* It was Connors' 4th singles title of the year and the 89th of his career.

### Doubles

Ferdi Taygan /  Sherwood Stewart defeated  John McEnroe /  Peter Fleming 7–5, 6–7, 6–4

## InfoBox

| 1981 Benson & Hedges Championships | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | 9–14 November |
| Edition | 6th |
| Category | Grand Prix circuit |
| Draw | 32S / 16D |
| Prize money | $175,000 |
| Surface | Carpet / indoor |
| Location | London, England |
| Venue | Wembley Arena |
| Champions | |
| Singles | |
| Jimmy Connors | |
| Doubles | |
| John McEnroe /  Peter Fleming | |
|  | |


title: Averest

abstract: Averest is a synchronous programming language and set of tools to specify, verify, and implement reactive systems. It includes a compiler for synchronous programs, a symbolic model checker, and a tool for hardware/software synthesis. It can be used to model and verify finite and infinite state systems, at varied abstraction levels. It is useful for hardware design, modeling communication protocols, concurrent programs, software in embedded systems, and more. Components: compiler to translate synchronous programs to transition systems, symbolic model checker, tool for hardware/software synthesis. These cover large parts of the design flow of reactive systems, from specifying to implementing. Though the tools are part of a common framework, they are mostly independent of each other, and can be used with 3rd-party tools.

text:
# Averest

**Averest** is a synchronous programming language and set of tools to specify, verify, and implement reactive systems. It includes a compiler for synchronous programs, a symbolic model checker, and a tool for hardware/software synthesis.

It can be used to model and verify finite and infinite state systems, at varied abstraction levels. It is useful for hardware design, modeling communication protocols, concurrent programs, software in embedded systems, and more.

Components: compiler to translate synchronous programs to transition systems, symbolic model checker, tool for hardware/software synthesis. These cover large parts of the design flow of reactive systems, from specifying to implementing. Though the tools are part of a common framework, they are mostly independent of each other, and can be used with 3rd-party tools.


title: Environmental hermeneutics

abstract: Environmental hermeneutics is a term for a wide range of scholarship that applies the techniques and resources of the philosophical field of hermeneutics to environmental issues. That is to say it addresses issues of interpretation as they relate to nature and environmental issues broadly conceived to include wilderness, ecosystems, landscapes, ecology, the built environment (architecture), life, embodiment, and more. Work in environmental philosophy, ecocriticism, environmental theology, ecotheology, and similar disciplines may overlap the field of environmental hermeneutics. In the public sphere, much of the focus on “the environment” is concerned with discovering scientific facts and then reporting how policy can act on these facts. On its face, philosophical hermeneutics might appear to be an unrelated enterprise. But... even the facts of the sciences are given meaning by how humans interpret them. Of course this does not mean that there are no facts, or that all facts must come from scientific discourse. Rather... [it calls] for mediation—the mediation that grounds the interpretive task of connecting fact and meaning through a number of different structures and forms. (Clingerman, et al. 2013, emphasis added)

text:
# Environmental hermeneutics

**Environmental hermeneutics** is a term for a wide range of scholarship that applies the techniques and resources of the philosophical field of hermeneutics to environmental issues. That is to say it addresses issues of interpretation as they relate to nature and environmental issues broadly conceived to include wilderness, ecosystems, landscapes, ecology, the built environment (architecture), life, embodiment, and more. Work in environmental philosophy, ecocriticism, environmental theology, ecotheology, and similar disciplines may overlap the field of environmental hermeneutics.

> In the public sphere, much of the focus on “the environment” is concerned with discovering scientific facts and then reporting how policy can act on these facts. On its face, philosophical hermeneutics might appear to be an unrelated enterprise. But... even the facts of the sciences are given meaning by how humans interpret them. Of course this does not mean that there are no facts, or that all facts must come from scientific discourse. Rather... \[it calls\] for mediation—the *mediation that grounds the interpretive task of connecting fact and meaning* through a number of different structures and forms. (Clingerman, et al. 2013, emphasis added)

### Notes

### Bibliography

* Abram, D. (1996). *The Spell of the Sensuous*, New York: Vintage.
* Brown, C. S. and T. Toadvine (2003). *Eco-Phenomenology: Back to the Earth Itself*, New York: SUNY Press.
* Clingerman, F. and B. Treanor, M. Drenthen, D. Utsler (2013). *Interpreting Nature: The Emerging Field of Environmental Hermeneutics*, New York: Fordham University Press.
* Clingerman, F. and M. Dixon (2011). *Placing Nature on the Borders of Religion, Philosophy and Ethics*, London: Ashgate.
* Cronon, William (1992). “A Place for Stories: Nature, History, and Narrative.” *Journal of American History* 78 (1992): 1347–76.
* Drenthen, M. and J. Keulartz (2014). *Environmental Aesthetics: Crossing Divides and Breaking Ground*, New York: Fordham University Press
* Gare, Arran (1998). “MacIntyre, Narratives, and Environmental Ethics.” *Environmental Ethics* 20 (1998): 3-21.
* Keller, K. (2003). *The Face of the Deep*, London: Routledge
* Kohák, E. (1984). *The Embers and the Stars: A Philosophical Inquiry into the Moral Sense of Nature*, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
* Mugerauer, R. (1995). *Interpreting Environments*, Austin, TX: University of Texas Press
* Plumwood, Val (1993). *Feminism and the Mastery of Nature*, London: Routledge
* Treanor, Brian (2014). *Emplotting Virtue: A Narrative Approach to Environmental Virtue Ethics*. New York: SUNY Press.
* Van Buren, John (1995). “Critical Environmental Hermeneutics.” *Environmental Ethics* 17 (1995): 259–275.
* Wood, D. (2006). “On the Way to Econstruction” in *Environmental Philosophy*, vol. 3, issue 1 (Spring 2006)


title: 1948 Nobel Prize in Literature

abstract: The 1948 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to British-American poet Thomas Stearns Eliot (1888–1965) "for his outstanding, pioneer contribution to present-day poetry." Eliot is the fourth British recipient of the prize after John Galsworthy in 1932.

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# 1948 Nobel Prize in Literature

The **1948 Nobel Prize in Literature** was awarded to British-American poet Thomas Stearns Eliot (*pen name*, T. S. Eliot) (1888–1965) "for his outstanding, pioneer contribution to present-day poetry." Eliot is the fourth British (born in the United States) recipient of the prize after John Galsworthy in 1932.

## Laureate

T.S. Eliot was a highly influential poet known for works such as *The Waste Land* (1922) and *Four Quartets* (1940). His belief that poetry should aim to represent the complexities of modern civilization made him one of the most daring innovators of 20th century poetry. He also wrote essays and plays such as *Murder in the Cathedral* (1935).

## Deliberations

### Nominations

T.S. Eliot was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature on seven occasions, the first time in 1945. In 1948, three nominations for Eliot were submitted which eventually led to him being awarded the prize.

In total, the Nobel committee received 45 nominations for 32 writers including André Malraux, Georges Duhamel, Winston Churchill (awarded in 1953), Toyohiko Kagawa, Boris Pasternak (awarded in 1958), Nikolai Berdyaev, Mikhail Sholokov (awarded in 1965), Shmuel Yosef Agnon (awarded in 1966), Angelos Sikelianos, Mark Aldanov, and Arnulf Øverland. Seven of the nominees were nominated first-time among them George Santayana, Zalman Shneur, George Macauley Trevelyan, Halldór Laxness (awarded in 1955), and Riccardo Bacchelli. Three of the nominees were women: Marie Under, Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette and Dorothy Canfield Fisher.

The 1929 Nobel Prize laureate Thomas Mann was unconventionally nominated for a second prize by two members of the Swedish Academy. The authors Antonin Artaud, Charles A. Beard, Georges Bernanos, Alice Brown, Wilbur Lucius Cross, Osamu Dazai, André Fontainas, Susan Glaspell, Frederick Philip Grove, Victor Ido, Klara Johanson, Aldo Leopold, Monteiro Lobato, Emil Ludwig, Claude McKay, Thomas Mofolo, Na Hye-sok, Sextil Pușcariu, Antonin Sertillanges, Montague Summers, and Marcelle Tinayre died in 1948 without having been nominated for the prize. Russian philosopher Nikolai Berdyaev died months before the announcement.

Official list of nominees and their nominators for the prize
| No. | Nominee | Country | Genre(s) | Nominator(s) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Mark Aldanov (1886–1957) | Soviet Union
( Ukraine)
France | biography, novel, essays, literary criticism | Ivan Bunin (1870–1953) |
| 2 | Shmuel Yosef Agnon (1887–1970) | Israel | novel, short story | Martin Lamm (1880–1950) |
| 3 | Eugène Baie (1874–1964) | Belgium | law, essays |  |
| 4 | Riccardo Bacchelli (1891–1985) | Italy | novel, drama, essays | Accademia dei Lincei |
| 5 | Nikolai Berdyaev (1874–1948) | Soviet Union
( Ukraine) | philosophy, theology | Alf Nyman (1884–1968) |
| 6 | René Béhaine (1880–1966) | France | novel, short story, essays | Maurice Mignon (1882–1962) |
| 7 | Dorothy Canfield Fisher (1879–1958) | United States | novel, short story, pedagogy, essays | David Baumgardt (1890–1963) |
| 8 | Winston Churchill (1874–1965) | United Kingdom | history, essays, memoir |  |
| 9 | Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette (1873–1954) | France | novel, short story | Claude Farrère (1876–1957) |
| 10 | Benedetto Croce (1866–1952) | Italy | history, philosophy, law | Accademia dei Lincei |
| 11 | Teixeira de Pascoaes (1877–1952) | Portugal | poetry | João António Mascarenhas Júdice (1898–1957) |
| 12 | Georgios Drossinis (1859–1951) | Greece | poetry, novel, short story | Geōrgios Oikonomos (1882–1951) |
| 13 | Georges Duhamel (1884–1966) | France | novel, short story, poetry, drama, literary criticism |  |
| 14 | Thomas Stearns Eliot (1888–1965) | United States
United Kingdom | poetry, essays, drama |  |
| 15 | Johan Falkberget (1879–1967) | Norway | novel, short story, essays |  |
| 16 | Franz Hellens (1881–1972) | Belgium | novel, poetry, literary criticism | Anders Österling (1884–1981) |
| 17 | Toyohiko Kagawa (1888–1960) | Japan | essays | Sven Hedin (1865–1952) |
| 18 | Rudolf Kassner (1873–1959) | Austria | philosophy, essays, translation | Theophil Spoerri (1890–1974) |
| 19 | Halldór Laxness (1902–1998) | Iceland | novel, short story, drama, poetry |  |
| 20 | André Malraux (1901–1976) | France | novel, essays, literary criticism | Justin O'Brien (1906–1968) |
| 21 | Thomas Mann (1875–1955) | Germany | novel, short story, essays |  |
| 22 | Ramón Menéndez Pidal (1869–1968) | Spain | philology, history | Gunnar Tilander (1894–1973) |
| 23 | Charles Langbridge Morgan (1894–1958) | United Kingdom | drama, novel, essays, poetry | Otto Funke |
| 24 | Arnulf Øverland (1889–1968) | Norway | poetry, essays |  |
| 25 | Boris Pasternak (1890–1960) | Soviet Union | poetry, novel, translation | Martin Lamm (1880–1950) |
| 26 | Jules Romains (1885–1972) | France | poetry, drama, screenplay | Alfred Jolivet (1885–1966) |
| 27 | George Santayana (1863–1952) | Spain
United States | philosophy, essays, poetry, novel | Justin O'Brien (1906–1968) |
| 28 | Zalman Shneour (1887–1959) | Soviet Union
( Belarus)
United States | poetry, essays | Joseph Klausner (1874–1958) |
| 29 | Mikhail Sholokhov (1905–1984) | Soviet Union | novel | Nobel Committee (*unspecified*) |
| 30 | Angelos Sikelianos (1884–1951) | Greece | poetry, drama |  |
| 31 | George Macauley Trevelyan (1876–1962) | United Kingdom | biography, autobiography, essays, history | Nils Ahnlund (1889–1957) |
| 32 | Marie Under (1883–1980) | Soviet Union
( Estonia) | poetry | Hjalmar Hammarskjöld (1862–1953) |

## Award ceremony speech

In his award ceremony speech on 10 December 1948, Anders Österling, permanent secretary of the Swedish Academy, said of Eliot: "His career is remarkable in that, from an extremely exclusive and consciously isolated position, he has gradually come to exercise a very far-reaching influence. At the outset he appeared to address himself to but a small circle of initiates, but this circle slowly widened, without his appearing to will it himself. Thus in Eliot's verse and prose there was quite a special accent, which compelled attention just in our own time, a capacity to cut into the consciousness of our generation with the sharpness of a diamond."

1. The Nobel Prize in literature 1948 nobelprize.org
2. T.S. Eliot Poetry Foundation
3. T.S. Eliot nominations nobelprize.org
4. Nomination archive nobelprize.org
5. Nomination archive – Thomas Mann nobelprize.org
6. Award Ceremony speech 1948 nobelprize.org

## InfoBox

| 1948 Nobel Prize in Literature | |
| --- | --- |
| **Thomas Stearns Eliot** | |
| ***"for his outstanding, pioneer contribution to present-day poetry."*** | |
| Date | * 4 November 1948 (announcement) * 10 December 1948
(ceremony) |
| Location | Stockholm, Sweden |
| Presented by | Swedish Academy |
| First awarded | 1901 |
| Website | Official website |
|


title: Frederick A. Williams

abstract: Frederick A. Williams was an American pianist and composer from Cleveland, Ohio. Williams was born in Oberlin, Ohio, the son of Charles Williams and Martha Maria Sabin Williams. Williams headed the department of piano and theory at the Cleveland School of Music. Much of his output consisted of pedagogical pieces for piano; he also composed a handful of songs. He is buried at Lake View Cemetery in Cleveland.

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# Frederick A. Williams

**Frederick A. Williams** (March 3, 1869 – July 31, 1942) was an American pianist and composer from Cleveland, Ohio.

Williams was born in Oberlin, Ohio, the son of Charles Williams and Martha Maria Sabin Williams. Williams headed the department of piano and theory at the Cleveland School of Music. Much of his output consisted of pedagogical pieces for piano; he also composed a handful of songs. He is buried at Lake View Cemetery in Cleveland.

* Howard, John Tasker (1939). *Our American Music: Three Hundred Years of It*. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company.


# Finswimming at the 2009 World Games – Women's 200 m surface

The women's 200 m surface competition in finswimming at the 2009 World Games took place on 23 July 2009 at the Kaohsiung Swimming Pool in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

## Competition format

A total of 15 athletes entered the competition. The best eight athletes from preliminary round qualifies to the final.

## Results

### Preliminary

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Sandra Pilz | Germany | 1:33.05 | Q |
| 2 | Vasilisa Kravchuk | Russia | 1:33.29 | Q |
| 3 | Olga Shlyakhovska | Ukraine | 1:33.72 | Q |
| 4 | Valeriya Baranovskaya | Russia | 1:34.33 | Q |
| 5 | Franziska Schreiber | Germany | 1:34.90 | Q |
| 6 | Csilla Karolyi | Hungary | 1:35.26 | Q |
| 7 | Olga Godovana | Ukraine | 1:35.71 | Q |
| 8 | Zuzana Svozilová | Czech Republic | 1:36.29 | Q |
| 9 | Choi Sae-rom | South Korea | 1:36.39 |  |
| 10 | Hajnalka Debreczeni | Hungary | 1:36.73 |  |
| 11 | Li Jing | China | 1:37.52 |  |
| 12 | Nikola Marincakova | Slovakia | 1:38.86 |  |
| 13 | Jeon Ah-ram | South Korea | 1:39.89 |  |
| 14 | Toka El-Kordi | Egypt | 1:43.03 |  |
| 15 | Zhu Baozhen | China | 1:48.07 |  |

### Final

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Vasilisa Kravchuk | Russia | 1:29.30 | **WR** |
|  | Valeriya Baranovskaya | Russia | 1:30.37 |  |
|  | Olga Shlyakhovska | Ukraine | 1:32.23 |  |
| 4 | Sandra Pilz | Germany | 1:32.96 |  |
| 5 | Olga Godovana | Ukraine | 1:33.58 |  |
| 6 | Csilla Karolyi | Hungary | 1:34.33 |  |
| 7 | Franziska Schreiber | Germany | 1:34.95 |  |
| 8 | Zuzana Svozilová | Czech Republic | 1:37.22 |  |

## InfoBox

| Finswimming – women's 200 m surface <br>at the 2009 World Games | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Kaohsiung Swimming Pool |
| Location | Kaohsiung, Taiwan |
| Date | 23 July 2009 |
| Competitors | 15 from 9 nations |
| Medalists | |
|  | |
|


abstract: The 1981 Belgian International Championships was a men's tennis tournament staged at the Leopold Club in Brussels, Belgium that was part of the Grand Prix circuit. The tournament was played on outdoor clay courts and was held from 8 June until 14 June 1981. It was the tenth and last edition of the tournament and third-seeded Marko Ostoja won the singles title.

text:
# 1981 Belgian International Championships

The **1981 Belgian International Championships** was a men's tennis tournament staged at the Leopold Club in Brussels, Belgium that was part of the Grand Prix circuit. The tournament was played on outdoor clay courts and was held from 8 June until 14 June 1981. It was the tenth and last edition of the tournament and third-seeded Marko Ostoja won the singles title.

## Finals

### Singles

Marko Ostoja defeated  Ricardo Ycaza 4–6, 6–4, 7–5

* It was Ostoja's only singles title of his career.

### Doubles

Ricardo Cano /  Andrés Gómez defeated  Carlos Kirmayr /  Cássio Motta 6–2, 6–2

## InfoBox

| 1981 Belgian International Championships | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | 8–14 June |
| Edition | 10th |
| Category | Grand Prix |
| Draw | 32S / 16D |
| Prize money | $50,000 |
| Surface | Clay / outdoor |
| Location | Brussels, Belgium |
| Venue | Leopold Club |
| Champions | |
| Singles | |
| Marko Ostoja | |
| Doubles | |
| Ricardo Cano /  Andrés Gómez | |
|  | |


title: 1967–68 Bradford City A.F.C. season

abstract: The 1967–68 Bradford City A.F.C. season was the 55th in the club's history. The club finished 5th in Division Four, reached the 2nd round of the FA Cup, and the 1st round of the League Cup.

text:
# 1967–68 Bradford City A.F.C. season

The **1967–68 Bradford City A.F.C. season** was the 55th in the club's history.

The club finished 5th in Division Four, reached the 2nd round of the FA Cup, and the 1st round of the League Cup.

## Sources

* Frost, Terry (1988). *Bradford City A Complete Record 1903-1988*. Breedon Books Sport. ISBN 0-907969-38-0.

## InfoBox

Bradford City A.F.C.
| 1967–68 season | |
| --- | --- |
| Ground | Valley Parade |
| Fourth Division | 5th |
| FA Cup | Second round |
| League Cup | First round |
|  | |


abstract: The 1923–24 Cornell Big Red men's ice hockey season was the 19th season of play for the program. The teams was coached by Nick Bawlf in his 4th season.

text:
# 1923–24 Cornell Big Red men's ice hockey season

The **1923–24 Cornell Big Red men's ice hockey season** was the 19th season of play for the program. The teams was coached by Nick Bawlf in his 4th season.

## Season

After a terrible season, Cornell's chance to improve itself was delayed due to a lack of ice and the team didn't play its first practice until January 7. The late start caused the team to compress its schedule to play 5 or 6 games, but that was reduced when the first game against Buffalo was cancelled. Even though the team could practice on Beebe Lake, soft ice and rain made playing the game impossible. This was the first game that the team had to cancel since returning after World War I. The weather got so bad that the second schedule match, a week later, also had to be cancelled.

While the start to their season couldn't have been worse, Cornell knew that weather wouldn't cancel their third game as they were to travel to Princeton. Predictably, the delayed start caused the team to come out flat against the Tigers and the Big Red lost their opening game 0–5. Stainton played well in net, however, stopping 36 shots and kept Cornell in the match until the 3rd period. By the time of their next scheduled game, Beebe Lake had frozen enough to be usable and the Big Red were finally able to play a home game. Coach Bawlf changed up his offense by swapping in Tilton at center with Burnett and started Kidd at left wing. The changes seemed to work as Cornell dominated a good Penn team to earn their first win in almost 2 years. The Big Red scored as many goals in the game as they had the entire previous year.

The veritable offensive deluge continued in the next match when Cornell throttled Renssealer 13–1. The team tied the program record for goals in a game and gave hope that, despite facing Yale, the Big Red may be able to finish the season with a winning record. To that point, Yale had gone 11–0 against fellow varsity clubs and hadn't allowed a goal over their previous four games. Despite playing at the Bulldogs's home arena, Cornell gave the Elis a tough test. Yale jumped out to a 2–0 lead after the first period but Tilton cut their advantage in half at the start of the second. From then on the team traded goals with the Big Red coming with a goal of tying the score on three separate occasions, but they could never find the equalizer and Yale escaped with a victory.

## Roster

| No. | S/P/C | Player | Class | Pos | Height | Weight | DoB | Hometown | Previous team |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  | **Richard Aronson** | Sophomore | LW |  |  |  | Winthrop, Massachusetts |  |
|  |  | **William Betts** |  | LW |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  | **Newton Burnett** |  | /RW |  |  |  | Newton, Massachusetts |  |
|  |  | **Robert Kidd** | Sophomore | LW |  |  |  | Tivoli, New York |  |
|  |  | **Nesbit** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  | **Ainsworth Rane** |  | LW |  |  |  | Durham, New Hampshire |  |
|  |  | **Charles Stainton** | Junior |  |  |  |  | Buffalo, New York |  |
|  |  | **Benjamin Tilton** | Sophomore | /RW |  |  |  | Washington D. C. |  |
|  |  | **Frank J. Tone Jr.** () | Senior |  |  |  | 1901-03-30 | Niagara Falls, New York |  |
|  |  | **White** | Sophomore |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Standings

|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Intercollegiate | | | | | | |  | Overall | | | | | |
| | GP | W | L | T | Pct. | GF | GA | | GP | W | L | T | GF | GA |
| Amherst | 11 | 5 | 5 | 1 | **.500** | 16 | 17 |  | 11 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 16 | 17 |
| Army | 6 | 3 | 3 | 0 | **.500** | 15 | 13 |  | 8 | 3 | 5 | 0 | 23 | 30 |
| Bates | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | **1.000** | 31 | 3 |  | 11 | 9 | 2 | 0 | 34 | 9 |
| Boston College | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | **1.000** | 6 | 3 |  | 18 | 7 | 10 | 1 | 32 | 45 |
| Boston University | 7 | 1 | 6 | 0 | **.143** | 10 | 34 |  | 9 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 11 | 42 |
| Bowdoin | 5 | 1 | 2 | 2 | **.400** | 10 | 17 |  | 6 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 10 | 24 |
| Clarkson | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | **.250** | 8 | 12 |  | 7 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 12 | 19 |
| Colby |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8 | 1 | 5 | 2 |  |  |
| Cornell | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | **.500** | 22 | 11 |  | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 22 | 11 |
| Dartmouth |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 17 | 10 | 5 | 2 | 81 | 32 |
| Hamilton |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12 | 7 | 3 | 2 |  |  |
| Harvard | 9 | 6 | 3 | 0 | **.667** | 35 | 19 |  | 14 | 6 | 7 | 1 |  |  |
| Maine |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12 | 4 | 8 | 0 |  |  |
| Massachusetts Agricultural | 8 | 2 | 6 | 0 | **.250** | 18 | 38 |  | 9 | 3 | 6 | 0 | 20 | 38 |
| Middlebury |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7 | 0 | 6 | 1 |  |  |
| MIT | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | **.000** | 2 | 27 |  | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 27 |
| Pennsylvania | 6 | 1 | 4 | 1 | **.250** | 6 | 23 |  | 8 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 8 | 28 |
| Princeton |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 18 | 12 | 6 | 0 |  |  |
| Rensselaer | 5 | 2 | 3 | 0 | **.400** | 5 | 31 |  | 5 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 31 |
| Saint Michael's |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Syracuse |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Union | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | **.500** | 13 | 10 |  | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 18 | 12 |
| Williams | 11 | 2 | 7 | 2 | **.273** | 11 | 22 |  | 13 | 4 | 7 | 2 | 18 | 24 |
| Yale | 15 | 14 | 1 | 0 | **.933** | 60 | 12 |  | 23 | 18 | 4 | 1 | 80 | 33 |
| YMCA College | 6 | 1 | 5 | 0 | **.167** | 6 | 39 |  | 7 | 2 | 5 | 0 | 11 | 39 |

## Schedule and results

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Record |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Regular Season | | | | | | | | | | | |
| January 26 | at Princeton* | Hobey Baker Memorial RinkPrinceton, New Jersey | **L** 0–5 | 0–1–0 |
| February 8 | vs. Pennsylvania* | Beebe LakeIthaca, New York | **W** 6–1 | 1–1–0 |
| February 16 | vs. Rensselaer* | Beebe LakeIthaca, New York | **W** 13–1 | 2–1–0 |
| February 19 | vs. Yale* | New Haven ArenaNew Haven, Connecticut | **L** 3–4 | 2–2–0 |
| \*Non-conference game. | | | | | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

| 1923–24 Cornell Big Red
men's ice hockey season | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Home ice | Beebe Lake |
| Record | |
| Overall | 2–2–0 |
| Home | 2–0–0 |
| Road | 0–2–0 |
| Coaches and captains | |
| Head coach | Nick Bawlf |
| Captain(s) | Frank Tone |
| **Cornell Big Red men's ice hockey seasons**
« 1922–23 1924–25 » | |


title: 1940–1942 Bolivian National Congress

abstract: The 1940–42 Bolivian National Congress was a meeting the Bolivian legislature composed of the Chamber of Senators and Chamber of Deputies. It met in La Paz from 12 April 1940 to 1942 during the final four days of the interim government of Carlos Quintanilla and the first two years of the Enrique Peñaranda's presidency. The Congress was elected as part of the general election held on 10 March 1940.

text:
# 1940–1942 Bolivian National Congress

Senate PresidentAlberto Saavedra Nogales (PRS), until October 1949

The **1940–42 Bolivian National Congress** was a meeting the Bolivian legislature composed of the Chamber of Senators and Chamber of Deputies. It met in La Paz from 12 April 1940 to 1942 during the final four days of the interim government of Carlos Quintanilla and the first two years of the Enrique Peñaranda's presidency.

The Congress was elected as part of the general election held on 10 March 1940.

## Leadership

### Chamber of Senators

### Chamber of Deputies

## Composition

Senate PresidentWaldo Belmonte Pool (PRS),
from November 1941 Chamber PresidentRafael de Ugarte (PRG),
until August 1941

### Chamber of Senators

1940–1942 members of the Chamber of Senators:

| Senator | Department | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Adolfo Vilar Mendivil | Chuquisaca |  | PL |
| Mamerto Urriolagoitía | Chuquisaca |  | PSU |
| Pedro Zilveti Arce | Chuquisaca |  | PRS |
| Abdón Saavedra | La Paz |  | PRS |
| Alcides Arguedas | La Paz |  | PL |
| Waldo Belmonte Pool | La Paz |  | PRS |
| Arturo Galindo | Cochabamba |  | PL |
| Félix Capriles | Cochabamba |  | PSU |
| Manuel Carrasco Jimenez | Cochabamba |  | PL |
| Carlos Beltrán Morales | Oruro |  | PSU |
| Edmundo Vásquez | Oruro |  | PRS |
| Julio Quintanilla | Oruro |  | PL |
| Alberto Saavedra Nogales | Potosí |  | PRS |
| Juan Manuel Balcázar | Potosí |  | PRS |
| Luis Calvo | Potosí |  | PRG |
| Bernardo Navajas Trigo | Tarija |  | PL |
| Julio Pantoja Estenssoro | Tarija |  | PRS |
| Manuel Mogro Moreno | Tarija |  | PRS |
| Alfredo Jordán | Santa Cruz |  | PL |
| José Gil Soruco | Santa Cruz |  | PRS |
| Rubén Terrazas | Santa Cruz |  | PRG |
| Eduardo Roca | Beni |  | PSU |
| Julio Céspedes Añez | Beni |  | PRS |
| Napoleón Solares Arias | Beni |  | PL |
| Fabián Vaca Chávez | Pando |  | PRG |
| Oscar Mariaca Pando | Pando |  | PL |
| Rómulo Arano Peredo | Pando |  | PRS |

### Chamber of Deputies

1940–1942 members of the Chamber of Deputies:

| Deputy | Department | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Alberto Salinas López | Chuquisaca |  | PSU |
| Daniel Gamarra | Chuquisaca |  | PRG |
| Desiderio M. Rivera | Chuquisaca |  | PSU |
| Fernando Ortíz Pacheco | Chuquisaca |  | PRG |
| Fructuoso Ramos | Chuquisaca |  | PSU |
| Gustavo Adolfo Navarro | Chuquisaca |  | PSOB |
| José Félix Mercado | Chuquisaca |  | PSI |
| Julio Harriague | Chuquisaca |  | PL |
| Miguel Muñoz | Chuquisaca |  | PRG |
| Rafael Alarcón Pacheco | Chuquisaca |  | PRG |
| Rogelio Arce | Chuquisaca |  | PL |
| Zenobio Sánchez | Chuquisaca |  | PL |
| Alfredo Guillen Pinto | La Paz |  | PRG |
| Carlos Gonzalo de Saavedra | La Paz |  | PRS |
| Claudio Zuazo | La Paz |  | PR |
| Daniel Ortíz M. | La Paz |  | PL |
| Félix Eguino Zaballa | La Paz |  | PSU |
| Fernando Iturralde Chinel | La Paz |  | PSI |
| Gabriel Levy | La Paz |  | PRS |
| Germán Monroy Block | La Paz |  | PSI |
| Isaac Salazar y P. | La Paz |  | PSU |
| José María Salinas | La Paz |  | Ind. |
| Julio Agudo | La Paz |  | PRG |
| Max Mendoza López | La Paz |  | PRS |
| Nazario Pardo Valle | La Paz |  | PSU |
| Nicolás Rodas Peñaloza | La Paz |  | Ind. |
| Rafael Otazo V. | La Paz |  | PSI |
| Remy Rodas Eguino | La Paz |  | PRS |
| Teodomiro Urquiola | La Paz |  | PRS |
| Tomas Chávez Lobatón | La Paz |  | Ind. |
| Víctor Andrade | La Paz |  | Ind. |
| Abraham Bascopé | Cochabamba |  | PRG |
| Carlos Puente | Cochabamba |  | Ind. |
| Carlos Salamanca F. | Cochabamba |  | PSI |
| Carlos Walter Urquidi | Cochabamba |  | Ind. |
| Daniel Iriarte | Cochabamba |  | PRG |
| Guillermo Viscarra | Cochabamba |  | PSU |
| Joaquín Espada | Cochabamba |  | PRG |
| Jorge Mercado Rosales | Cochabamba |  | PSU |
| Juan José Carrasco | Cochabamba |  | PRS |
| Julio Espinoza | Cochabamba |  | PSI |
| Luís Ponce Lozada | Cochabamba |  | PRG |
| Néstor V. Galindo | Cochabamba |  | PL |
| Rafael de Ugarte | Cochabamba |  | PRG |
| Rodolfo Soriano | Cochabamba |  | PSI |
| Rolando Rivero Torres | Cochabamba |  | PRS |
| Víctor Cabrera Lozada | Cochabamba |  | PRG |
| Walker Humérez | Cochabamba |  | PRS |
| Abel Leyes | Oruro |  | PSU |
| Angel Mendizábal | Oruro |  | PL |
| Demetrio Canelas | Oruro |  | PRG |
| Fernando Loayza Beltrán | Oruro |  | Ind. |
| Guillermo Liendo | Oruro |  | PRS |
| Jacinto Rodríguez | Oruro |  | PL |
| Julio Romano | Oruro |  | PSI |
| Roberto Gómez Olivares | Oruro |  | PSU |
| Abelardo Villalpando | Potosí |  | FPP |
| Agustín Zuleta | Potosí |  | PSU |
| Alfredo Arratia | Potosí |  | FPP |
| Arturo Pinto Escalier | Potosí |  | PRG |
| Eduardo del Portillo | Potosí |  | Ind. |
| Fernando Siñani | Potosí |  | FPP |
| Humberto Duchén | Potosí |  | PL |
| Julio Tumiri Javier | Potosí |  | Ind. |
| Justo Gardeazábal | Potosí |  | PRS |
| Miguel Mercado Moreira | Potosí |  | PL |
| Rafael Tufiño | Potosí |  | PL |
| Raúl Jordán Velasco | Potosí |  | Ind. |
| Raúl Ruíz González | Potosí |  | FPP |
| Ricardo Tapia Bravo | Potosí |  | Ind. |
| Roberto González Aramayo | Potosí |  | PSU |
| Alberto Rodo R. | Tarija |  | PSI |
| Alberto Sánchez Rossel | Tarija |  | PSI |
| Augusto León | Tarija |  | PL |
| Francisco Lazcano Soruco | Tarija |  | PSU |
| Genaro Vásquez | Tarija |  | PL |
| Héctor Pinto Echazú | Tarija |  | PSI |
| Jorge Aráoz Campero | Tarija |  | PSI |
| José María Paz | Tarija |  | PSI |
| Víctor Paz Estenssoro | Tarija |  | PSI |
| Adrián Barrientes Franco | Santa Cruz |  | PL |
| Celso Castedo | Santa Cruz |  | PRS |
| Ernesto Monasterios | Santa Cruz |  | PRG |
| Facundo Flores Jiménez | Santa Cruz |  | PSU |
| Felipe Baldomar | Santa Cruz |  | Ind. |
| Guillermo Rivero | Santa Cruz |  | PSU |
| Héctor Suárez Santisteban | Santa Cruz |  | PRS |
| Horacio Sosa | Santa Cruz |  | PL |
| José Parada Suárez | Santa Cruz |  | PL |
| Julio Landívar Moreno | Santa Cruz |  | PL |
| Luís Saavedra Suárez | Santa Cruz |  | PSU |
| Pedro Montano | Santa Cruz |  | PRG |
| Virgilio Serrate | Santa Cruz |  | PRG |
| Alfredo Morant | Beni |  | Ind. |
| Antonio Munguía | Beni |  | PSU |
| Antonio Velasco Avila | Beni |  | Ind. |
| Jesús Lijerón Rodríguez | Beni |  | Ind. |
| José Chávez Suárez | Beni |  | PL |
| Juan Manuel Suárez | Beni |  | Ind. |
| Napoleón Añez | Beni |  | Ind. |
| Pablo Saucedo Barbery | Beni |  | PL |
| Sócrates Parada Suárez | Beni |  | PL |
| Adolfo Aponte | Pando |  | Ind. |
| Eugenio von Boeck | Pando |  | Ind. |
| Germán Chávez | Pando |  | PL |
| Juan Granier Chirveches | Pando |  | PL |
| Roberto Jordán Cuéllar | Pando |  | PSU |
| Roberto Prudencio Romecín | Pando |  | PSI |
| Tomás Paz Caballero | Pando |  | Ind. |

## InfoBox

| 1940–1942 Term of the National Congress
Congreso Nacional | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Type | |
| Type | Bicameral |
| Houses | Chamber of Senators,
Chamber of Deputies |
| History | |
| Preceded by | 1938 National Convention |
| Succeeded by | 1942–44 Congress |
| Leadership | |
| President of the Senate | Alberto Saavedra Nogales, PRS
since 12 April 1940 |
|  | Arturo Galindo, PL
since October 1940 |
|  | Waldo Belmonte Pool, PRS
since November 1941 |
| President of the Chamber of Deputies | Rafael de Ugarte, PRG
since 12 April 1940 |
|  | Jorge Aráoz Campero, PSI
since August 1941 |
| Structure | |
| Seats | **136**
27 Senators
109 Deputies |
|  | |
| Chamber of Senators political groups | CONC (23)   PSU (4) |
|  | |
| Chamber of Deputies political groups | CONC (50) PSU (18)
PSI (15)
FPP (4)
FSB Ind. (1)
PSOB (1)
Left-wing Ind. (10)

Right-wing Ind. (9) |
| Elections | |
| Chamber of Senators voting system | Party-list proportional representation |
| Chamber of Deputies voting system | Additional Member System |
| Last Chamber of Senators election | 10 March 1940 |
| Last Chamber of Deputies election | 10 March 1940 |
| Next Chamber of Senators election | March 1942 |
| Next Chamber of Deputies election | March 1942 |
| Meeting place | |
|  | |
| Legislative Palace | |


title: 1949–50 Czechoslovak Extraliga season

abstract: The 1949–50 Czechoslovak Extraliga season was the seventh season of the Czechoslovak Extraliga, the top level of ice hockey in Czechoslovakia. Eight teams participated in the league, and ATK Praha won the championship.

text:
# 1949–50 Czechoslovak Extraliga season

The **1949–50 Czechoslovak Extraliga season** was the seventh season of the Czechoslovak Extraliga, the top level of ice hockey in Czechoslovakia. Eight teams participated in the league, and ATK Praha won the championship.

## Standings

| Pl. | Team | GP | W | T | L | GF–GA | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | ATK Praha | 14 | 12 | 0 | 2 | 85:45 | 24 |
| 2. | ZSJ Vítkovické železárny | 14 | 10 | 0 | 4 | 71:43 | 20 |
| 3. | ZSJ Zdar LTC Praha | 14 | 9 | 1 | 4 | 88:49 | 19 |
| 4. | AZJ OD České Budějovice | 14 | 7 | 1 | 6 | 60:53 | 15 |
| 5. | ZSJ GZ Královo Pole | 14 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 53:70 | 14 |
| 6. | ZSJ Sokol NV Bratislava | 14 | 4 | 2 | 8 | 55:78 | 10 |
| 7. | ZSJ Bratrství Sparta Praha | 14 | 1 | 3 | 10 | 42:76 | 5 |
| 8. | ZSJ Zbrojovka Brno Židenice | 14 | 2 | 1 | 11 | 35:75 | 5 |

## 1. Liga-Qualification

| Place | Team | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | ZSJ Slavia Pardubice | 6 |
| 2. | ZSJ ČSSZ Prostějov | 4 |
| 3. | Rovnost/Meteor České Budějovice | 1 |
| 4. | Tatry Poprad | 1 |


# 2011 Wimbledon Championships – Wheelchair women's doubles

Defending champions Esther Vergeer and Sharon Walraven defeated Jiske Griffioen and Aniek van Koot in the final, 6–4, 3–6, 7–5 to win the ladies' doubles wheelchair tennis title at the 2011 Wimbledon Championships. It was their third step towards an eventual Grand Slam, and Vergeer completed the triple career Grand Slam with the win.

## Seeds

1. **Esther Vergeer** /  **Sharon Walraven (champions)**
2. Jiske Griffioen /  Aniek van Koot *(final)*

## Draw

### Key

### Finals

|  | Semifinals | | | | |  |  | Final | | | | |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | 1 | **Esther Vergeer**
**Sharon Walraven** | **6** | 65 | **6** |  |  | | | | | | |
|  | | | | | | | |
|  | WC | Marjolein Buis
Annick Sevenans | 1 | **77** | 2 |  | |
|  | | | | | | |  | 1 | **Esther Vergeer**
**Sharon Walraven** | **6** | 3 | **7** |  |
|  | | | | | | | |  | | | | |  |
|  | |  |  | 2 | Jiske Griffioen
Aniek van Koot | 4 | **6** | 5 |  |
|  |  | | | | | | | | Lucy Shuker
Jordanne Whiley | 1 | 2 |  |  |
|  | | | | | | |
|  | 2 | **Jiske Griffioen**
**Aniek van Koot** | **6** | **6** |  |  |  | Third place | | | | |
|  | | | | | | |
|  | | | | | | |
|  | | | | | | |  | WC | **Marjolein Buis**
**Annick Sevenans** | **6** | **710** |  |
|  | | | | | | || | | | |
|  | | | | | | |  |  | Lucy Shuker
Jordanne Whiley | 3 | 68 |  |

* Draw
* "Wimbledon 2011". *itftennis.com*. International Tennis Federation. Retrieved 27 June 2018.

## InfoBox

| Wheelchair women's doubles | |
| --- | --- |
| 2011 Wimbledon Championships | |
| Champions | Esther Vergeer
Sharon Walraven |
| Runners-up | Jiske Griffioen
Aniek van Koot |
| Score | 6–4, 3–6, 7–5 |


title: 2011 San Jose SaberCats season

abstract: The 2011 San Jose SaberCats season was the 15th season for the franchise in the Arena Football League. The team was coached by Darren Arbet and played their home games at HP Pavilion at San Jose. This was the first season for the SaberCats since 2008, after the league went on hiatus in 2009 and the franchise wasn't active in 2010.

text:
# 2011 San Jose SaberCats season

The **2011 San Jose SaberCats season** was the 15th season for the franchise in the Arena Football League. The team was coached by Darren Arbet and played their home games at HP Pavilion at San Jose. This was the first season for the SaberCats since 2008, after the league went on hiatus in 2009 and the franchise wasn't active in 2010.

## Standings

|  | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W | L | PCT | PF | PA | DIV | CON | Home | Away |
| **z**-Arizona Rattlers | 16 | 2 | .889 | 1114 | 836 | 5–1 | 9–2 | 8–1 | 8–1 |
| **x**-Spokane Shock | 9 | 9 | .500 | 1057 | 1027 | 3–3 | 6–5 | 7–2 | 2–7 |
| Utah Blaze | 9 | 9 | .500 | 1082 | 1117 | 2–4 | 4–7 | 7–2 | 2–7 |
| San Jose SaberCats | 7 | 11 | .389 | 1022 | 1080 | 2–4 | 4–7 | 6–3 | 1–8 |

**z** \- Clinched division and conference's best record
**x** \- Clinched playoff berth

## Regular season schedule

The SaberCats began the season at home against the Spokane Shock on March 11. On July 23 they played their final regular season game on the road against the Tampa Bay Storm.

| Week | Day | Date | Kickoff | Opponent | Results | | Location | Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | | | Score | Record | | |
| 1 | Friday | March 11 | 7:30 p.m. PST | Spokane Shock | **W** 76–48 | 1–0 | HP Pavilion at San Jose |  |
| 2 | Friday | March 18 | 7:30 p.m. PDT | Kansas City Command | **W** 60–57 | 2–0 | HP Pavilion at San Jose |  |
| 3 | Friday | March 25 | 5:30 p.m. PDT | at Chicago Rush | **L** 41–54 | 2–1 | Allstate Arena |  |
| 4 | Friday | April 1 | 7:30 p.m. PDT | Iowa Barnstormers | **L** 69–76 | 2–2 | HP Pavilion at San Jose |  |
| 5 | Friday | April 8 | 7:30 p.m. PDT | Utah Blaze | **W** 75–55 | 3–2 | HP Pavilion at San Jose |  |
| 6 | Saturday | April 16 | 5:00 p.m. PDT | at Tulsa Talons | **W** 42–33 | 4–2 | BOK Center |  |
| 7 | Friday | April 22 | 7:30 p.m. PDT | Philadelphia Soul | **W** 68–61 | 5–2 | HP Pavilion at San Jose |  |
| 8 | *Bye* | | | | | | | | |
| 9 | Saturday | May 7 | 7:30 p.m. PDT | Arizona Rattlers | **L** 43–65 | 5–3 | HP Pavilion at San Jose |  |
| 10 | Saturday | May 14 | 4:30 p.m. PDT | at Pittsburgh Power | **L** 48–54 | 5–4 | Consol Energy Center |  |
| 11 | Saturday | May 21 | 2:00 p.m. PDT | at Utah Blaze | **L** 68–76 | 5–5 | EnergySolutions Arena |  |
| 12 | Saturday | May 28 | 7:30 p.m. PDT | Georgia Force | **L** 49–55 | 5–6 | HP Pavilion at San Jose |  |
| 13 | Saturday | June 4 | 5:30 p.m. PDT | at Dallas Vigilantes | **L** 57–70 | 5–7 | American Airlines Center |  |
| 14 | *Bye* | | | | | | | | |
| 15 | Saturday | June 18 | 5:05 p.m. PDT | at Arizona Rattlers | **L** 57–64 | 5–8 | US Airways Center |  |
| 16 | Saturday | June 25 | 4:00 p.m. PDT | at Cleveland Gladiators | **L** 21–82 | 5–9 | Quicken Loans Arena |  |
| 17 | Friday | July 1 | 7:30 p.m. PDT | Jacksonville Sharks | **W** 83–70 | 6–9 | HP Pavilion at San Jose |  |
| 18 | Saturday | July 9 | 7:30 p.m. EDT | Orlando Predators | **W** 60–40 | 7–9 | HP Pavilion at San Jose |  |
| 19 | Saturday | July 16 | 7:00 p.m. PDT | at Spokane Shock | **L** 61–63 | 7–10 | Spokane Veterans Memorial Arena |  |
| 20 | Saturday | July 23 | 4:30 p.m. PDT | at Tampa Bay Storm | **L** 44–57 | 7–11 | St. Pete Times Forum |  |

## Regular season

### Week 1: vs. Spokane Shock

**Week 1: Spokane Shock at San Jose SaberCats – Game summary**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Shock | 14 | 13 | 7 | 14 | **48** |
| **SaberCats** | 27 | 21 | 7 | 21 | **76** |

*at HP Pavilion at San Jose, San Jose, California*

* **Date**: March 11
* **Game time**: 7:30 p.m. PST
* **Game attendance**: 10,563
* **Referee**: David Cutaia
* Recap

| Game information |
| --- |
|  |

### Week 2: vs. Kansas City Command

**Week 2: Kansas City Command at San Jose SaberCats – Game summary**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Command | 6 | 22 | 14 | 15 | **57** |
| **SaberCats** | 14 | 20 | 9 | 17 | **60** |

*at HP Pavilion at San Jose, San Jose, California*

* **Date**: March 18
* **Game time**: 7:30 p.m. PDT
* **Game attendance**: 9,563
* **Referee**: Shawn Hochuli
* Recap

| Game information |
| --- |
|  |

### Week 3: at Chicago Rush

**Week 3: San Jose SaberCats at Chicago Rush – Game summary**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| SaberCats | 8 | 13 | 7 | 13 | **41** |
| **Rush** | 6 | 14 | 20 | 14 | **54** |

*at Allstate Arena, Rosemont, Illinois*

* **Date**: March 25
* **Game time**: 7:30 p.m. CDT
* **Game attendance**: 7,466
* **Referee**: Tony Cannella
* Recap

| Game information |
| --- |
|  |

### Week 4: vs. Iowa Barnstormers

**Week 4: Iowa Barnstormers at San Jose SaberCats – Game summary**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Barnstormers** | 13 | 21 | 14 | 28 | **76** |
| SaberCats | 14 | 20 | 14 | 21 | **69** |

*at HP Pavilion at San Jose, San Jose, California*

* **Date**: April 1
* **Game time**: 7:30 p.m. PDT
* **Game attendance**: 9,163
* **Referee**: David Cutaia
* Recap

| Game information |
| --- |
|  |

### Week 5: vs. Utah Blaze

**Week 5: Utah Blaze at San Jose SaberCats – Game summary**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Blaze | 14 | 14 | 6 | 21 | **55** |
| **SaberCats** | 14 | 26 | 7 | 28 | **75** |

*at HP Pavilion at San Jose, San Jose, California*

* **Date**: April 8
* **Game time**: 7:30 p.m. PDT
* **Game attendance**: 8,763
* **Referee**: Shawn Hochuli
* Recap

| Game information |
| --- |
|  |

### Week 6: at Tulsa Talons

**Week 6: San Jose SaberCats at Tulsa Talons – Game summary**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **SaberCats** | 7 | 7 | 21 | 7 | **42** |
| Talons | 14 | 10 | 3 | 6 | **33** |

*at BOK Center, Tulsa, Oklahoma*

* **Date**: April 16
* **Game time**: 5:00 p.m. PDT
* **Game attendance**: 4,747
* **Referee**: Steve Strimling
* Recap

| Game information |
| --- |
|  |

### Week 7: vs. Philadelphia Soul

**Week 7: Philadelphia Soul at San Jose SaberCats – Game summary**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Soul | 7 | 13 | 7 | 34 | **61** |
| **SaberCats** | 14 | 17 | 14 | 23 | **68** |

*at HP Pavilion at San Jose, San Jose, California*

* **Date**: April 22
* **Game time**: 7:30 p.m. PDT
* **Game attendance**: 8,663
* **Referee**: David Cutaia
* Recap

| Game information |
| --- |
|  |

### Week 8: BYE

### Week 9: vs. Arizona Rattlers

**Week 9: Arizona Rattlers at San Jose SaberCats – Game summary**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Rattlers** | 14 | 14 | 3 | 34 | **65** |
| SaberCats | 13 | 7 | 7 | 16 | **43** |

*at HP Pavilion at San Jose, San Jose, California*

* **Date**: May 7
* **Game time**: 7:30 p.m. PDT
* **Game attendance**: 9,499
* **Referee**: Steve Strimling
* Recap

| Game information |
| --- |
|  |

### Week 10: at Pittsburgh Power

**Week 10: San Jose SaberCats at Pittsburgh Power – Game summary**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| SaberCats | 21 | 13 | 14 | 0 | **48** |
| **Power** | 14 | 19 | 7 | 14 | **54** |

*at Consol Energy Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania*

* **Date**: May 14
* **Game time**: 4:30 p.m. PDT
* **Game attendance**: 7,333
* **Referee**: Tom McCabe
* Recap

| Game information |
| --- |
|  |

### Week 11: at Utah Blaze

**Week 11: San Jose SaberCats at Utah Blaze – Game summary**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| SaberCats | 14 | 21 | 20 | 13 | **68** |
| **Blaze** | 21 | 14 | 14 | 27 | **76** |

*at EnergySolutions Arena, Salt Lake City, Utah*

* **Date**: May 21
* **Game time**: 2:00 p.m. PDT
* **Game attendance**: 8,815
* **Referee**: Shawn Anderson
* Recap

| Game information |
| --- |
|  |

### Week 12: vs. Georgia Force

**Week 12: Georgia Force at San Jose SaberCats – Game summary**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Force** | 10 | 21 | 10 | 14 | **55** |
| SaberCats | 7 | 21 | 15 | 6 | **49** |

*at HP Pavilion at San Jose, San Jose, California*

* **Date**: May 28
* **Game time**: 7:30 p.m. PDT
* **Game attendance**: 10,231
* **Referee**: Shawn Hochuli
* Recap

| Game information |
| --- |
|  |

### Week 13: at Dallas Vigilantes

**Week 13: San Jose SaberCats at Dallas Vigilantes – Game summary**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| SaberCats | 14 | 21 | 9 | 13 | **57** |
| **Vigilantes** | 28 | 21 | 14 | 7 | **70** |

*at American Airlines Center, Dallas, Texas*

* **Date**: June 4
* **Game time**: 5:30 p.m. PDT
* **Game attendance**: 8,463
* **Referee**: Chris Snead
* Recap

| Game information |
| --- |
|  |

### Week 14: BYE

### Week 15: at Arizona Rattlers

**Week 15: San Jose SaberCats at Arizona Rattlers – Game summary**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| SaberCats | 7 | 28 | 14 | 8 | **57** |
| **Rattlers** | 14 | 21 | 7 | 22 | **64** |

*at US Airways Center, Phoenix, Arizona*

* **Date**: June 18
* **Game time**: 5:05 p.m. PDT
* **Game attendance**: 9,397
* **Referee**: Shane Anderson
* Recap

| Game information |
| --- |
|  |

### Week 16: at Cleveland Gladiators

**Week 16: San Jose SaberCats at Cleveland Gladiators – Game summary**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| SaberCats | 0 | 7 | 7 | 7 | **21** |
| **Gladiators** | 12 | 29 | 20 | 21 | **82** |

*at Quicken Loans Arena, Cleveland, Ohio*

* **Date**: June 25
* **Game time**: 4:00 p.m. PDT
* **Game attendance**: 5,617
* **Referee**: Tony Cannella
* Recap

| Game information |
| --- |
|  |

### Week 17: vs. Jacksonville Sharks

**Week 17: Jacksonville Sharks at San Jose SaberCats – Game summary**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Sharks | 14 | 28 | 7 | 21 | **70** |
| **SaberCats** | 14 | 14 | 28 | 27 | **83** |

*at HP Pavilion at San Jose, San Jose, California*

* **Date**: July 1
* **Game time**: 7:30 p.m. PDT
* **Game attendance**: 8,216
* **Referee**: Dave Cutaia
* Recap

| Game information |
| --- |
|  |

### Week 18: vs. Orlando Predators

**Week 18: Orlando Predators at San Jose SaberCats – Game summary**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Predators | 13 | 13 | 7 | 7 | **40** |
| **SaberCats** | 13 | 20 | 6 | 21 | **60** |

*at HP Pavilion at San Jose, San Jose, California*

* **Date**: July 9
* **Game time**: 7:30 p.m. PDT
* **Game attendance**: 10,302
* **Referee**: Dave Cutaia
* Recap

| Game information |
| --- |
|  |

### Week 19: at Spokane Shock

**Week 19: San Jose SaberCats at Spokane Shock – Game summary**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| SaberCats | 21 | 14 | 6 | 20 | **61** |
| **Shock** | 6 | 21 | 7 | 29 | **63** |

*at Spokane Veterans Memorial Arena, Spokane, Washington*

* **Date**: July 16
* **Game time**: 7:00 p.m. PDT
* **Game attendance**: 9,680
* **Referee**: Shane Anderson
* Recap

| Game information |
| --- |
|  |

### Week 20: at Tampa Bay Storm

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| SaberCats |  |  | **0** |
| Storm |  |  | **0** |

*at St. Pete Times Forum, Tampa, Florida*

* **Date**: July 23
* **Game time**: 4:30 p.m. PDT

## InfoBox

| 2011 San Jose SaberCats season | |
| --- | --- |
| Head coach | Darren Arbet |
| Home field | HP Pavilion at San Jose |
| Results | |
| Record | 7–11 |
| Division place | 4th NC West |
| Playoff finish | Did not qualify |
|


# Finswimming at the 2009 World Games – Women's 400 m surface

The women's 400 m surface competition in finswimming at the 2009 World Games took place on 24 July 2009 at the Kaohsiung Swimming Pool in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

## Competition format

A total of 13 athletes entered the competition. The best eight athletes from preliminary round qualifies to the final.

## Results

### Preliminary

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Vasilisa Kravchuk | Russia | 3:23.51 | Q |
| 2 | Olga Shlyakhovska | Ukraine | 3:24.26 | Q |
| 3 | Liu Jiao | China | 3:24.71 | Q |
| 4 | Valeriya Baranovskaya | Russia | 3:25.72 | Q |
| 5 | Olga Godovana | Ukraine | 3:26.10 | Q |
| 6 | Yu Xin | China | 3:27.05 | Q |
| 7 | Melinda Wirtz | Hungary | 3:28.15 | Q |
| 8 | Zuzana Svozilová | Czech Republic | 3:28.63 | Q |
| 9 | Jeon Ah-ram | South Korea | 3:28.76 |  |
| 10 | Franziska Schreiber | Germany | 3:30.26 |  |
| 11 | Liu Hao-min | Chinese Taipei | 3:35.53 |  |
| 12 | Nikola Marincakova | Slovakia | 3:35.76 |  |
| 13 | Toka El-Kordi | Egypt | 3:44.10 |  |

### Final

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Vasilisa Kravchuk | Russia | 3:15.36 | **WR** |
|  | Liu Jiao | China | 3:17.67 |  |
|  | Olga Shlyakhovska | Ukraine | 3:19.40 |  |
| 4 | Yu Xin | China | 3:22.37 |  |
| 5 | Valeriya Baranovskaya | Russia | 3:22.58 |  |
| 6 | Olga Godovana | Ukraine | 3:24.64 |  |
| 7 | Zuzana Svozilová | Czech Republic | 3:27.91 |  |
| 8 | Melinda Wirtz | Hungary | 3:30.42 |  |

## InfoBox

| Finswimming – women's 400 m surface <br>at the 2009 World Games | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Kaohsiung Swimming Pool |
| Location | Kaohsiung, Taiwan |
| Date | 24 July 2009 |
| Competitors | 13 from 10 nations |
| Medalists | |
|  | |
|


title: 1970 Pacific Coast International Open

abstract: The 1970 Pacific Coast International Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Berkeley Tennis Club in Berkeley, California in the United States and was part of the Grand Prix tennis circuit. It was the 82nd edition of the tournament and ran from September 28 through October 4, 1970. Second-seeded Arthur Ashe won the singles title.

text:
# 1970 Pacific Coast International Open

The **1970 Pacific Coast International Open** was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Berkeley Tennis Club in Berkeley, California in the United States and was part of the Grand Prix tennis circuit. It was the 82nd edition of the tournament and ran from September 28 through October 4, 1970. Second-seeded Arthur Ashe won the singles title.

## Finals

### Singles

Arthur Ashe defeated  Cliff Richey 6–4, 6–2, 6–4

### Doubles

Bob Lutz /  Stan Smith defeated  Roy Barth /  Tom Gorman 6–2, 7–5, 4–6, 6–2

## InfoBox

| 1970 Pacific Coast International Open | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | September 28 – October 4 |
| Edition | 82nd |
| Category | Grand Prix |
| Draw | 64S / 32D |
| Prize money | $35,000 |
| Surface | Hard / outdoor |
| Location | Berkeley, California, US |
| Venue | Berkeley Tennis Club |
| Champions | |
| Singles | |
| Arthur Ashe | |
| Doubles | |
| Bob Lutz /  Stan Smith | |
|  | |