abstract: The 1933 Santa Barbara State Roadrunners football team represented Santa Barbara State College—now known as the University of California, Santa Barbara—as a member of the Southern California Conference (SCC) during the 1933 college football season. Led by sixth-year head coach Harold Davis, Santa Barbara State compiled an overall record of 1–8 with a mark of 1–6 in conference play, placing last out of eight teams in the SCC. Overall, the team was outscored by its opponents 112 to 12 for the season. The Roadrunners were shutout seven times and failed to score more than a touchdown in all nine games. Santa Barbara State played home games at Peabody Stadium in Santa Barbara, California.

text:
# 1933 Santa Barbara State Roadrunners football team

1933 Southern California Conference football standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | T |  |  | W |  | L |  | T |
| Redlands $ | 6 |  | 0 |  | 1 |  |  | 6 |  | 1 |  | 1 |
| Whittier | 3 |  | 1 |  | 2 |  |  | 4 |  | 4 |  | 2 |
| La Verne | 3 |  | 2 |  | 0 |  |  | 3 |  | 4 |  | 0 |
| San Diego State | 4 |  | 2 |  | 1 |  |  | 4 |  | 4 |  | 1 |
| Pomona | 2 |  | 3 |  | 0 |  |  | 2 |  | 5 |  | 0 |
| Occidental | 2 |  | 4 |  | 0 |  |  | 2 |  | 6 |  | 0 |
| Caltech | 2 |  | 5 |  | 0 |  |  | 2 |  | 7 |  | 0 |
| Santa Barbara State | 1 |  | 6 |  | 0 |  |  | 1 |  | 8 |  | 0 |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| * $  Conference champion | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The **1933 Santa Barbara State Roadrunners football team** represented Santa Barbara State College—now known as the University of California, Santa Barbara—as a member of the Southern California Conference (SCC) during the 1933 college football season. Led by sixth-year head coach Harold Davis, Santa Barbara State compiled an overall record of 1–8 with a mark of 1–6 in conference play, placing last out of eight teams in the SCC. Overall, the team was outscored by its opponents 112 to 12 for the season. The Roadrunners were shutout seven times and failed to score more than a touchdown in all nine games. Santa Barbara State played home games at Peabody Stadium in Santa Barbara, California.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Source |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| September 22 | Santa Barbara Athletic Club* |  | L 0–12 |  |
| September 29 | La Verne | * Peabody Stadium * Santa Barbara, CA | L 6–18 |  |
| October 6 | Cal Poly* | * Peabody Stadium * Santa Barbara, CA | L 0–3 |  |
| October 13 | Whittier | * Peabody Stadium * Santa Barbara, CA | L 0–18 |  |
| October 20 | at Redlands |  | L 0–28 |  |
| October 28 | at Pomona |  | L 0–20 |  |
| November 3 | Occidental | * Peabody Stadium * Santa Barbara, CA | W 6–0 |  |
| November 10 | San Diego State | * Peabody Stadium * Santa Barbara, CA | L 0–6 |  |
| November 17 | Caltech | * Peabody Stadium * Santa Barbara, CA | L 0–7 |  |
| * \*Non-conference game | | | | |

1. "Bullpups Face Tough Opener In Cal. Poly". *The Fresno Bee The Republican*. Fresno, California. October 11, 1933. p. 30. Retrieved March 13, 2018  via Newspapers.com.
2. "Aztecs Defeat Road Runners By 6-0 Score". *The San Diego Union*. San Diego, California. November 11, 1933. P.3-S.2.

## InfoBox

| 1933 Santa Barbara State Roadrunners football | |
| --- | --- |
| Conference | Southern California Conference |
| Record | 1–8 (1–6 SCC) |
| Head coach |  |
| Home stadium | Peabody Stadium |
|


title: 1934–35 Hovedserien season

abstract: The 1934–35 Hovedserien season was the first season of ice hockey in Norway. Seven teams participated in the league, and Ski- og Fotballklubben Trygg won the championship.

text:
# 1934–35 Hovedserien season

The **1934–35 Hovedserien season** was the first season of ice hockey in Norway. Seven teams participated in the league, and Ski- og Fotballklubben Trygg won the championship.

## Regular season

|  | Club | GP | W | T | L | GF | GA | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | Ski- og Fotballklubben Trygg | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 41 | 11 | **11** |
| 2. | Sportsklubben Forward | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 18 | 9 | **9** |
| 3. | Sportsklubben Strong | 6 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 17 | 8 | **7** |
| 4. | Holmen Hockey | 6 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 19 | 10 | **6** |
| 5. | Hasle-Løren Idrettslag | 6 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 15 | 22 | **5** |
| 6. | Gjøa Ishockey | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 11 | 18 | **4** |
| 7 | Furuset Ishockey | 6 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 45 | **0** |


title: Edmund George Warren

abstract: Edmund George Warren (1834–1909) was a British landscapist who worked in both watercolours and oils. Warren lived first in London, then later in Chudleigh Devon, South-West England. He was acknowledged as the first landscape artist to be influenced by the pre-Raphaelites ideas of colour, meticulous observation of the subject, and attention to detail. He was also influenced by the English artist Richard Redgrave. Working in both oils and watercolours, his work became very popular during the late 1850s to early 1860s, though critical reception was mixed with, for example, art critic John Ruskin denying that Warren was a true pre-Raphaelite because his landscapes owed more to "cleverly deceptive technique" than observation. Warren became a member of the New Society of Painters in Watercolours (RI), an organisation set up to challenge the members-only exhibition rules of the old "Society of Painters in Water Colours"; He went on to exhibit nearly 200 paintings with the society including his large-scale work, Rest in the Cool and Shady Wood, which became the star attraction at the 1861 exhibition. He also belonged to the Royal Institute of Oil Painters (ROI). Warren's paintings were characterised by evocative and Idyllic depictions of the English countryside, woodlands and harvesting scenes.

text:
# Edmund George Warren

**Edmund George Warren** (1834–1909) was a British landscapist who worked in both watercolours and oils.

Warren lived first in London, then later in Chudleigh Devon, South-West England. He was acknowledged as the first landscape artist to be influenced by the pre-Raphaelites ideas of colour, meticulous observation of the subject, and attention to detail. He was also influenced by the English artist Richard Redgrave. Working in both oils and watercolours, his work became very popular during the late 1850s to early 1860s, though critical reception was mixed with, for example, art critic John Ruskin denying that Warren was a true pre-Raphaelite because his landscapes owed more to "cleverly deceptive technique" than observation.

Warren became a member of the New Society of Painters in Watercolours (RI), an organisation set up to challenge the members-only exhibition rules of the old "Society of Painters in Water Colours"; He went on to exhibit nearly 200 paintings with the society including his large-scale work, *Rest in the Cool and Shady Wood*, which became the star attraction at the 1861 exhibition. He also belonged to the Royal Institute of Oil Painters (ROI).

Warren's paintings were characterised by evocative and Idyllic depictions of the English countryside, woodlands and harvesting scenes.


title: Edmund Getty

abstract: Edmund Getty MRIA was an Irish antiquarian and naturalist. Getty was educated at the Royal Belfast Academical Institution. He became Ballast Master of the Belfast Ballast Board and, later, Secretary of the Belfast Harbour Board. He was responsible for the reclamation of the slob-lands on the County Down and building of a "Crystal Palace" park. He wrote Chinese Seals in Ireland, The History of the Harbour Board, Last King of Ulster and articles on Tory Island and round towers. He was a founder member of the Belfast Natural History Society and one of the founders of Belfast Botanic Gardens.

text:
# Edmund Getty

**Edmund Getty** MRIA (1799 in Belfast – 1857 in London) was an Irish antiquarian and naturalist.

Getty was educated at the Royal Belfast Academical Institution. He became Ballast Master of the Belfast Ballast Board and, later, Secretary of the Belfast Harbour Board. He was responsible for the reclamation of the slob-lands on the County Down and building of a "Crystal Palace" park. He wrote *Chinese Seals in Ireland*, *The History of the Harbour Board*, *Last King of Ulster* and articles on Tory Island and round towers. He was a founder member of the Belfast Natural History Society and one of the founders of Belfast Botanic Gardens.

* Nash, R. and Ross, H.C.G. *The development of natural history in early 19th century Ireland in From Linnaeus to Darwin: commentaries on the history of biology and geology* Society for the bibliography of Natural History 13:27-
* Foster, John Wilson (1997). Helena C. G. Chesney (ed.). *Nature in Ireland: A Scientific and Cultural History*. Dublin: Lilliput Press. ISBN 1-874675-29-5.


title: 1931 New Year Honours

abstract: The 1931 New Year Honours were appointments by King George V to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of the United Kingdom and British Empire. They were announced on 30 December 1930. The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes and then divisions as appropriate.

text:
# 1931 New Year Honours

The **1931 New Year Honours** were appointments by King George V to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of the United Kingdom and British Empire. They were announced on 30 December 1930.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, *etc.*) and then divisions (Military, Civil, *etc.*) as appropriate.

## United Kingdom and Colonies

### Baron

### Privy Councillor

The King appointed the following to His Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council:

### Baronetcies

### Knight Bachelor

Dominions British India * Justice John William Fisher Beaumont KC Barrister-at-Law, Chief Justice in the High Court of Judicature, Bombay.
* Rai Bahadur Lala Sita Ram MLC President, Legislative Council, United Provinces.
* Ali Muhammad Khan Dehlavi, Barrister-at-Law, President of the recently prorogued Legislative Council, Bombay.
* Justice Hubert Grayhurst Pearson, Barrister-at-Law, Puisne Judge of the High Court of Judicature at Fort William in Bengal.
* Khan Bahadur Mirza Zaffar Ali, Punjab Civil Service (retired), lately Puisne Judge of the High Court of Judicature at Lahore, Punjab.
* Alexander Robert Loftus Tottenham CIE Indian Civil Service, Senior Member, Central Board of Revenue, Government of India.
* Ralph Oakden CSI OBE Indian Civil Service, Senior Member, Board of Revenue, United Provinces.
* Francis Charles Griffith CSI OBE Indian Police Service, Inspector-General of Police, Bombay.
* Charles Stead OBE MVO Indian Police Service, Inspector-General of Police, Punjab.
* Percy Rothera OBE Agent, South Indian Railway, Madras.
* Maurice George Simpson CSI MIEE Director-in-Chief, Indo-European Telegraph Department.
* Khan Bahadur Qazi Aziz-ud-din Ahmad CIE OBE ISO Dewan, Datia State, Central India.
* Oscar de Glanville CIE OBE Barrister-at-Law, Burma.
* Kikabhai Premchand, Banker, Bombay.
* Charles Edgar Wood, Senior Partner of Messrs. Parry and Company, Madras.
* Thomas Dugald Edelston, lately Senior Partner of Messrs. Begg, Dunlop and Company Ltd., Calcutta.

Colonies, Protectorates, etc.

### The Most Honourable Order of the Bath

#### Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB)

Military Division Army Civil Division

#### Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB)

Military Division Royal Navy Army * Lieutenant-General Harold Ben Fawcus CB CMG DSO DCL  (late Royal Army Medical Corps), Director-General, Army Medical Services, The War Office.

Civil Division

#### Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB)

Military Division Royal Navy * Captain (Commodore 2nd Class) Henry Stockwell DSO RD RNR (Retired).
* Instructor Captain John Camp RN

Army * Major-General Lawrence Humphry CMG  (late Royal Army Medical Corps), Deputy Director of Medical Services, Western Command, India.
* Colonel (temporary Brigadier) Alexander Duncan Macpherson CMG DSO (late The Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders), Commander, Canal Brigade, The British Troops in Egypt.
* Colonel (temporary Brigadier) Reginald Francis Arthur Hobbs CMG DSO (late Royal Engineers), Brigadier in charge of Administration, Western Command.
* Colonel (temporary Brigadier) Verney Asser CMG DSO (late Royal Artillery), Commander, Royal Artillery,. 4th Division, Eastern Command.
* Colonel (temporary Brigadier) Arthur Cecil Temperley CMG DSO (late The Norfolk Regiment), Deputy Director of Military Operations and Intelligence, The War Office.
* Colonel (Honorary Brigadier) Hamlet Bush Toller CMG Retired pay (late Royal Army Pay Corps), late Chief Paymaster at The War Office, and Officer in Charge of Records, Royal Army Pay Corps.
* Major General Hugh Francis Edward MacMahon CBE MC Indian Army, Director of Supplies and Transport, Headquarters Staff of the Army in India.
* Colonel (temporary Brigadier) Sidney Bernard Orton, Indian Army, Commander, Allahabad Brigade Area, Lucknow District, India.
* Colonel (temporary Brigadier) Henry Clare Duncan DSO OBE Indian Army, Commander, Zhob (Independent) Brigade Area, Western Command, India.
* Colonel Bryan Norman Abbay, Indian Army, late Commandant, 18th King, Edward's Own Cavalry, Indian Army.

Royal Air Force Civil Division * Colonel Cuthbert Buckle CBE Territorial Army.
* Captain the Honourable Bede Edmund Hugh Clifford CMG MVO Imperial Secretary, South African High Commission, and Representative in the Union of South Africa of His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom.
* James William Henry Culling CBE Director of Victualling, Admiralty.
* Henry Arthur Augustus Ellis, A Senior Clerk in the House of Commons.
* Ioan Gwilym Gibbon CBE Principal Assistant Secretary, Ministry of Health.
* Rear-Admiral Theodore John Hallett CBE
* Robert Lockhart Hobson, Keeper of Ceramics and Ethnography, British Museum.
* Major and Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel Hastings Lionel Ismay DSO Sam Browne's Cavalry (12th Frontier Force), Indian Army. Lately Senior Assistant Secretary, Committee of Imperial Defence.
* George Augustus Mounsey CMG OBE Assistant Under-Secretary of State, Foreign Office.
* Lucius Abel John Granville Ram JP Second Parliamentary Counsel.
* Alfred Edward Stamp FSA Deputy Keeper of the Public Records and Keeper of the Land Revenue Records.
* Rear-Admiral John Knowles im Thurn CMG CBE

### The Most Exalted Order of the Star of India

#### Knight Grand Commander (GCSI)

* His Highness Maharajadhiraja Maharana Sir Bhupal Singh Bahadur KCIE Maharaja. of Udaipur, Rajputana.
* Lieutenant-Colonel His Highness Shri Sir Rajaram Chhatrapati Maharaj GCIE Maharaja of Kolhapur, Bombay Presidency.

Honorary Knight Grand Commander

#### Knight Commander (KCSI)

* Lieutenant His Highness Raja Jogindar Sen Bahadur, Raja of Mandi, Punjab States.
* Thakor Saheb Shri Sir Daulatsinhji Jasvatsinhji KCIE Thakor Saheb of Limbdi, Western India States.
* Sir Norman Edward Marjoribanks KCIE CSI Indian Civil Service (retired), Chairman, Madras Services Commission, Madras.

#### Companion (CSI)

* Hugh Kynaston Briscoe CIE Indian Civil Service, Chief Secretary to the Government of Bihar and Orissa.
* Thomas Couper, Indian Civil Service, Member of the Executive Council of the Governor of Burma.
* Charles Banks Cunningham, Indian Police Service, Inspector-General of Police, Madras.
* Joseph Hugh Garrett, Indian Civil Service, Acting Commissioner, Northern Division, Bombay.
* Nawab Malik Muhammad Hayat Khan, Nun, Punjab Civil Service Commissioner, Lahore, Punjab.
* Courtenay Latimer CIE Indian Civil Service, Political Department, Officiating Revenue Commissioner, and Deputy Chief Commissioner, North-West Frontier Province.
* Thomas Henry Morony CIE Indian Police Service, Inspector-General of Police, Central Provinces.
* Kunwar Jagdisb Prasad CIE OBE Indian Civil Service, Chief Secretary to the Government of the United Provinces.
* Sir Charles Augustus Tegart CIE MVO Indian Police Service, Commissioner of Police, Calcutta, Bengal.
* Gilbert Wiles CIE Indian Civil Service, Secretary to the Government of Bombay, Finance Department.

### The Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George

#### Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George (GCMG)

Honorary Knight Grand Cross * His Highness Tuanku Muhammad KCMG KCVO ibni almerhum Yam Tuan Antah, Yang di-pertuan Besar of the Negri Sembilan, Federated Malay States.

#### Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG)

#### Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG)

* George Sinclair Browne, Senior Resident, Northern Provinces, Nigeria.
* Alexander Crabb, Secretary, Office of the High Commissioner in London for the Dominion of New Zealand.
* Cecil Moore Dobbs OBE Provincial Commissioner, Kenya.
* Charles Henry Hart-Davis, Commissioner, Colony of Cyprus.
* Charles Henry Hutchings OBE KC Inspector-General of Constabulary, Newfoundland.
* James Lornie, British Resident, Selangor, Federated Malay States.
* Reginald Marquand, lately Controller of European Administration, Ministry of Education, Egypt.
* Thomas Millard, Treasurer, Colony of British Guiana.
* Thomas Joseph Morris, His Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary (local rank) at Havana.
* Charles William Orde, Counsellor in the Foreign Office.
* Major Arthur Charles Cosmo Parkinson OBE Assistant Secretary, Colonial Office.
* Owen Surtees Phillpotts OBE Commercial Secretary at His Majesty's Legation at Vienna.
* Thomas Reid, of the Ceylon Civil Service.
* Montague John Rendall  Chairman of the School Empire-Tour Committee.
* Henry Tom MBE His Majesty's Consul-General at Antwerp.
* George Alexander Troup, Mayor of Wellington. For public services in the Dominion of New Zealand.
* Oswald White, His Majesty's Consui-General at Seoul.

### Order of the Indian Empire

#### Knight Grand Commander (GCIE)

* His Highness Maharajadhiraj Sir Gulab Singh Bahadur KCSI Maharaja of Rewa, Central India.
* Lieutenant-Colonel His Highness Rais-ud-Daula Sipahdar-ul-Mulk, Maharajadhiraj Sri Sawai Maharaj Rana Sir Udaibhan Singh Lokindar Bahadur Diler Jang Jai Deo KCSI KCVO Maharaj Rana of Dholpur, Rajputana.
* His Highness Nawab Sir Mahabat Khanji III Rasul Khanji KCSI Nawab of Junagadh, Western India States.

#### Knight Commander (KCIE)

* Steuart Edmund Pears CSI CIE Indian Civil Service, Political Department, Chief Commissioner and Agent to the Governor General, North West Frontier Province.
* Samuel Andrew Smyth CSI Indian Civil Service, lately Member of the Executive Council of the Governor of Burma.

#### Companion (CIE)

* John Ackroyd Woodhead, Indian Civil Service, Secretary to the Government of India, Commerce Department.
* Gordon Sidney Hardy, Indian Civil Service, Acting Member, Central Board of Revenue, Government of India.
* Walter Booth-Gravely, Indian Civil Service, Commissioner, Pegu Division, Burma.
* Eyre Gordon, Indian Civil Service, Officiating Chief Secretary to the Government of the Central Provinces.
* William Alexander Cosgrave, Indian Civil Service, Officiating Chief Secretary to the Government of Assam.
* Godfrey Ferdinando Stratford Collins OBE Indian Civil Service, Secretary to the Government of Bombay, Home Department.
* Alexander Cassells, Indian Civil Service, Secretary to the Government of Bengal, Finance Department.
* James Augustine Sweeney, Indian Civil Service, Judicial Secretary and Legal Remembrancer to the Government of Bihar and Orissa.
* Captain Hector Boyes CMG Royal Navy, lately Senior Naval Officer in the Persian Gulf.
* Major Eric Edward Doyle DSO Indian Medical Service, Inspector-General of Prisons, Bombay.
* Rai Bahadur Sarat Chandra Banerjee, President, Calcutta Improvement Trust Tribunal, Bengal.
* William Leonard Stampe, Indian Service of Engineers, Superintending Engineer, Public Works Department, United Provinces.
* Ronald Evelyn Leslie Wingate, Indian Civil Service, Political Department, lately Political. Agent and Deputy Commissioner, Quetta-Peshin District, Baluchistan.
* Major Harold Wilberforce-Bell, Indian Army, Political Department, Deputy Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign and Political Department.
* William Hawthorne Lewis, Indian Civil Service, Officer; on Special Duty in the Reforms Office, Government of India.
* Lieutenant-Colonel Jasper Robert Joly Tyrrell  Indian Medical Service, Chief Medical Officer in Central India.
* Mukund Lai Pasricha, Deputy Director-General, Telegraphs.
* Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel Hastings Lionel Ismay DSO lately Assistant Secretary, Committee of Imperial Defence.
* Francis Holy Burkitt OBE Indian Service of Engineers, Superintending Engineer, Public Works Department, Punjab.
* Frederick Theodore Jones MVO Indian Service of Engineers, Superintending Engineer, Public Works Department, Delhi.
* Lieutenant-Colonel Hugh William Acton, Indian Medical Service, Director, School of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Calcutta.
* Lieutenant-Colonel (Honorary Colonel) Horace Craigie Manders VD Auxiliary Force, India, Commandant, Assam Valley Light Horse, A.F.I.
* Captain Thomas Wynford Rees DSO MC Indian Army, lately Private Secretary to His Excellency the Governor of Burma.
* Claude Francis Strickland, Indian Civil Service (retired), recently Registrar, Co-operative Credit Societies, Punjab.
* Gordon Herbert Ramsay Halland OBE Indian Police Service, Senior Superintendent of Police, Punjab.
* Rai Bahadur Seray Mal Bapna, Prime Minister to His Highness the Maharaja Holkar of Indore, Central India.
* George Hemming Spence, Indian Civil Service, Joint Secretary and Draftsman to the Government of India, Legislative Department.
* Birendra Nath De, Indian Civil Service, Officiating Commissioner, Berar Division, Central Provinces.
* Frederick Charles Isemonger CBE Indian Police Service, lately Inspector-General of Police, North-West Frontier Province.
* Lieutenant-Colonel Ian MacPherson MacRae OBE  Indian Medical Service, Inspector-General of Prisons, Bihar and Orissa.
* Hugh Bomford, Indian Civil Service, Magistrate and Collector, United Provinces.
* Richard Harcourt Williamson, Indian Civil Service, Magistrate and Collector, United Provinces.
* Alfred Master, Indian Civil Service, Collector and District Magistrate, Kaira, Bombay.
* James Birch Brown, Indian Civil Service, Collector and District Magistrate, Madras.
* Francis William Stewart MC Indian Civil Service, Collector and District Magistrate, Madras.
* Harry Vincent Braham, Indian Civil Service, Collector and District Magistrate, Surat, Bombay.
* Herbert Rex Uzielli, Indian Civil Service, Collector and District Magistrate, Madras.
* James Peddie, Indian Civil Service, Magistrate and Collector, Midnapore, Bengal.
* James Alexander Dawson, Indian Civil Service, Deputy Commissioner, Sylhet, Assam.
* George Alexander Shillidy, Indian Police Service, Deputy Inspector-General of Police, Northern Range, Ahmedabad, Bombay.
* George Trevor Hamilton Harding, Indian Police Service, Senior Superintendent of Police, Lahore, Punjab.
* Rai Bahadur Promode Chandra Dutta, Pleader, Assam.

### The Royal Victorian Order

#### Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (GCVO)

#### Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (KCVO)

#### Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (CVO)

#### Member of the Royal Victorian Order, 4th class (MVO)

* Lieutenant-Colonel Norman Gibb Scorgie CBE
* Marcus Antonius Johnston de Lavis-Trafford OBE
* Commander William Scott Bardwell RN (dated 23 August 1930).
* The Reverend Bernard Charles Spencer Everett
* The Reverend Edmund Horace Fellowes

#### Member of the Royal Victorian Order, 5th class (MVO)

* John William Hopkins
* Arthur Walter Mills
* Lewis Stainton
* Joseph Hammond Whitehorn

### Order of Merit (OM)

### The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire

#### Dame Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire (GBE)

#### Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE)

#### Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE)

Civil Division British India * Major Nawab Muhammad Akbar Khan CIE of Hoti, Peshawar District, North-West Frontier Province.

#### Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE)

Military Division Army * Colonel (temporary Brigadier) Lionel Arthur Fanshawe DSO OBE Indian Army, Director of Ordnance Services, Army Headquarters, India.

Civil Division British India * Lionel Burton Burrows, Bengal Civil Service, Magistrate and Collector, Mymensingh, Bengal.
* Agnes Catherine Scott  Women's Medical Service, Chief Medical Officer and Secretary, Dufferin Funds. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* Philip Herbert Joseph Measures, Indian Police Service, Superintendent of Police, Allahabad, United Provinces.
* Rai Bahadur Satya Charan Mukherjee MLA Zamindar, Hooghly District, Bengal. (Dated 15 December 1930.)

Colonies, Protectorates, etc. * William Waddel, Superintendent, State Advances Department, Dominion of New Zealand.

Diplomatic Service And Overseas List * Lieutenant-Colonel Francis Cecil Campbell Balfour CIE MC Governor, Mongalla Province, Sudan.
* Walter Russell Brown AM His Majesty's Consul-General at Hankow.
* Wilfred Hansford Gallienne, His Majesty's Consul at Santo Domingo.
* George Alexander, President of the Court of Appeal, Ministry of Justice, Iraq.
* Walter Bowerley, Auditor, Gold Coast.
* Edward Carlyon Eliot, Administrator of Dominica, Leeward Islands.
* Lucie Fairbanks, Lady McMillan. For philanthropic services in Kenya.

Honorary Commanders

#### Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE)

Military Division Royal Navy * Lieutenant-Commander George William Field RN (Retired).
* Lieutenant Sidney Thomas Morgan RN

Army * Major Benjamin George Atkin DSO MC The Manchester Regiment, late Officer Commanding 2nd (Nyasaland) Battalion, The King's African Rifles, Tanganyika Territory.
* Major Bertrand Lambert Drieberg, Ceylon Engineers; Ceylon Defence Force.
* The Reverend John Percy Hales DSO TD  (Chaplain to the Forces, Royal Army Chaplains Department, Territorial Army), retired.
* Lieutenant-Colonel Samuel George Steele Haughton  Indian Medical Service, Officer Commanding Combined Indian Military Hospital, Kohat, India.
* Major (Commissary) Edward McPoland, Indian Miscellaneous List, Officer Supervisor, Military Secretary's Branch, Army Headquarters, India.
* Major (local Lieutenant-Colonel) John Howard Stafford MC Royal Engineers; for services on the Anglo-Italian Somaliland Boundary Commission.
* Captain and Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel William Henry Stanway DSO MC The South Wales Borderers, attached Auxiliary Force, India.
* Major William Edward van Cutsem MC Royal Engineers, General Staff Officer 2nd Grade, War Office.
* Major Robert Henry Walsh DSO MC Royal Artillery, late Commandant, Eastern Arab Corps, Sudan Defence Force.
* Lieutenant Joseph Waterson, Territorial Army Reserve of Officers, local Captain and Quartermaster, Nigeria Regiment, Royal West African Frontier Force.

Civil Division * Captain Walter Murray Ablewhite MC Steward of the Bethlem Royal Hospital.
* Ralph Allan Vice-Chairman of the Northumberland Public Assistance Committee.
* John Hughes Ashley Chief Constable, Criminal Investigation Department, Metropolitan Police.
* James Brown  Superintendent, Royal Ammunition Factories, Royal Arsenal, Woolwich.
* Robert Stanley Capon, Superintendent of Scientific Research, Royal Aircraft Establishment, Air Ministry.
* Joseph MacLeod Carey, H.M. Divisional Inspector of Mines.
* George Harry Collinge, Chairman of the National Federation of Meat Traders (Mutual) Insurance Association. A Past President of the Executive Council of the National Federation of Meat Traders.
* John Soden Corbett Secretary, Empire Forestry Association.
* Captain William Redwood Davey. Head of the Prison Mission Department of the Church Army.
* George Thomas Dixon, Livestock Commissioner, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries.
* Charles Cleveland Ellis, Senior General Inspector of the Department of Health for Scotland.
* John Bevan-Evans JP Member of the National Savings Committee.
* Francis Edward Forward FRCS LRCP Class I Prison Medical Officer, Home Office.
* James Hill JP Chairman of the West Bromwich Smethwick and District War Pensions Committee.
* Richard Pote-Hunt, Admiralty, Pilot on the Lower Yangtse.
* John Charles Innes, Member of the National Savings Committee.
* George Kay, Assistant Accountant General, General Post Office.
* Fred Kershaw JP Financial Adviser for Trade Union Approved Societies. For Services in connexion with the Insurance side of Trade Union Work.
* John King, Deputy Chief Ship Surveyor, Mercantile Marine Department, Board of Trade.
* Joseph Legge JP Chairman of the Willenhall Local Employment Committee.
* Joan Stewart Hamon McCabe. Headmistress, Milham Ford Secondary School, Oxford.
* George McKellar JP Provost of Ardrossan. Some time Chairman of the Joint Hospital Committee for the Burghs of Ardrossan and Saltcoats.
* Frank Richard Marten Assistant Solicitor, India Office.
* Major Robert Walter Mellish. Judge of Alderney.
* Alexander Morgan FRSE A member of-the Scottish Savings Committee.
* Theodora Matilda Morton. Late Principal Organiser of Children's Care Work under the London County Council.
* Edward John Scarles, Collector, London Port, Board of Customs and Excise.
* Frank Nevill Smith, Principal Private Secretary to the Minister of Pensions.
* Agnes Elsie Diana Stewart (Agnes Herbert). For many years editor of the Artists and Writers Year Book. Member of the Council of the Society of Women Journalists.
* Francis Timbrell, Chief Constable of the Borough of Bedford.
* George Clifford Widdowson  Chief Quantity Surveyor, H.M. Office of Works.
* Robert Bruce Wilson, Senior Inspector of Taxes, Board of Inland Revenue.
* John Lade Worsfold, Clerk and Receiver to the Royal Hospitals, of Bridewell and Bethlem.

Diplomatic Service And Overseas List * Humphrey Ingelram Prideaux-Brune, One of His Majesty's Vice-Consuls in China.
* Philip Lancelot Burnett. For services in connection with the Queen Victoria Memorial Hospital at Marseilles.
* Robert Carey Griffiths, British Vice-Consul at Santa Cruz de Tenerife.
* Ralph William Gordon Reed, Headmaster, Victoria College, Ramleh.
* Arthur Patrick Thompson, Manager, Gash Board, Aroma.

Colonies, Protectorates, etc. * Vincent Patrick Burke MBE  Deputy President, Bureau of Education, Newfoundland.
* Captain George Benson Moseley. Resident Magistrate, Bechuanaland Protectorate.
* William Mansfield Aders  lately Economic Biologist, Zanzibar.
* Dorothy Martha Buckle, Principal of Raffles Girls School, Singapore.
* Edgar William Carpenter, Senior Assistant to the Director of Public Works, Hong Kong.
* John Coates, Government Printer, Uganda Protectorate.
* The Reverend George Francis Graham-Brown  For services in Palestine.
* Major Bernard Hill Horsley DSO MC Commissioner, Somaliland Protectorate.
* Arthur Hutton McShine  Nominated Unofficial Member of the Legislative Council of Trinidad and Tobago. For public services.
* John Edward Siegfried Merrick, Principal Assistant Colonial Secretary, Kenya.
* Henry Morgan Monk, Collector of Customs and Excise, Ministry of Finance, Iraq.
* Mehmet Munir Bey, Turkish Delegate of Evkaf, Cyprus, Member of the Executive Council, and lately Member of the Legislative Council of that Colony.
* Nicholas-Julian Paterson KC lately Attorney-General of Grenada, Windward Islands.
* John Richard Cook Stephens MRCS LRCP West African Medical Staff, Medical Officer, Nigeria.
* James Strachan MC AMInstCE Executive Engineer, Ministry of Irrigation and Agriculture, Iraq.
* Armigel de Vins Wade, Principal Assistant in the Native Affairs Department, Kenya.

British India * Captain Hadji Dabiruddin Ahmad  Bengal Medical Service, Teacher of Anatomy, Campbell Medical School, Bengal. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* Godwin Edward Banwell MC Indian Police Service, Officiating District Superintendent of Police, Pegu, Burma. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* Thomas Bertram MBE Superintendent, Viceregal Estates, Simla, Delhi, Calcutta and Dehra Dun.
* Neville Bernard Deane, Indian Audit and Accounts Service, Accountant-General, Burma. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* Hubert St. Glair Freitas MBE Registrar, Office of the Private Secretary to His Excellency the Viceroy. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* Stanley Webb-Johnson, Assistant Solicitor to the Government of India. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* Khan Bahadur Taj Mohammed Khan, of Badreshi, Contractor, Supply and Transport Corps, Nowshera, North-West Frontier Province.
* Herbert Gordon Lang, Indian Police Service, Superintendent of Police, Great Indian Peninsula and Madras and Southern Mahratta Railways, Poona, Bombay. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* Lieutenant-Colonel John William McCoy, Indian Medical Service (retired), Civil Surgeon and Superintendent of Jail, Sylhet, Assam. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* Rai Bahadur Charu Chandra Mukharji, Deputy Commissioner, Manbhum, Bihar and Orissa. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* Khan Bahadur Kavasji Jamshedji Petigara ISO Indian Police Service, Deputy Commissioner of Police, Bombay.
* Raja Bahadur Venkatrama Reddy, Commissioner of Police, Hyderabad City and Suburbs, His Exalted Highness the Nizam's Government, Hyderabad, Deccan. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* James Alexander Scott, Indian Police Service, Principal, Punjab Police Training School, Phillaur, Punjab.
* Rana Umanath Baksh Singh, of Thalrai (Khajurgaon), Rai Bareli District, United Provinces. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi, Indian Civil Service, Deputy Commissioner, Nagpur, Central Provinces.
* Oliver Ethelbert Windle, Indian Police Service, District Superintendent of Police, Madras.

Honorary Officers * Malietoa Tanumafili of the Territory of Western Samoa. For services to the Government of the Dominion of New Zealand.

#### Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE)

Military Division Royal Navy * Engineer Lieutenant-Commander Reginald Charles Drew RN
* Commissioned Wardmaster George Hewlett Toleroy Wilsmore RN (Retired).

Army * Lieutenant (acting Captain) Syed Salleh Alsagoff, Penang and Province Wellesley Volunteer Corps, Straits Settlements Volunteer Force.
* Regimental Quartermaster-Sergeant James Valentine Booth, Malay States Volunteer Regiment.
* Warrant Officer Class II, Company Sergeant Major David Boyd DCM late Survey Battalion, Royal Engineers.
* Regimental Sergeant-Major William Harold Edmonds, Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps.
* Conductor Benjamin Massey, Indian Army Ordnance Corps, Attached Headquarters, Southern Command, India.
* Battery Sergeant-Major Thomas Oswald Mayhew, Singapore Volunteer Corps, Straits Settlements Volunteer Force.

Civil Division * Ernest Alderson, Assessor and Collector of Taxes, Board of Inland Revenue.
* Harriet Amelia Alsop. Lately Matron, St. Mary Abbots Hospital, Kensington.
* Alexander Smith Anderson, Manager of the Norwich Union Life. Insurance Society in Aberdeen. A member of the Aberdeen, Banff and Kincardineshire War Pensions Committee.
* Major George Frederick Anderson MC Staff Officer, Mines Department, Board of Trade.
* Alexandro Emanuel James Arrighi, Higher Executive Officer, Board of Inland Revenue.
* Stephen Benjamin Valentine Bailey, Staff Officer (Taxes), Board of Inland Revenue.
* Williamina Mclntosh Barclay. Lately Nurse at St. Kilda.
* Richard Bell, Lately Assistant Accountant, Grade I, War Office.
* Frederick Montague, Bilby Registrar of Births, Deaths and Marriages for, the Finsbury District of London.
* Edith Blunt. Honorary Secretary, Association of Women Prison Visitors.
* Captain Francis Edwin Boaz MC Chief Quantity Surveyor, Imperial War Graves Commission, France.
* Councillor Thomas Judson Brooks JP Chairman of the Wakefield, Pontefract and District War Pensions Committee.
* Myra Ann Bushnell. Matron, Joint Fever Hospital, Wrexham.
* Charles Campbell, Sub-Inspecting Officer of Railways, Ministry of Transport.
* Lilian Mary Clapham. Staff Clerk, Ministry of Labour.
* Minnie Constance Clarke. Honorary Secretary, Wimbledon Savings Committee.
* William Clayton, Headmaster, Appleton Roebuck Council School, West Riding of Yorkshire.
* Charles Coates, Head of Section, H.M. Office of Works.
* William Harrison Cowlishaw, Architect, Imperial War Graves Commission, France.
* Agnes Emma Cox. Superintendent of the Female Exchange Staff of the London Telephone Service.
* William Henry Creelman, Examiner of Naval Ordnance Work, Woolwich.
* Frederick Walter Crothall. For services in connection with Empire Marketing.
* Stuart Davey, Staff Officer, Air Ministry.
* Albert Edward Davis, Superintendent, Metropolitan Police.
* Sarah Dickenson JP Member of the Manchester and District War Pensions Committee. For some time Chairman of the Children's Sub-Committee.
* Major Thomas Joseph Edwards. Retired Officer, War Office.
* Edgar Daniel Fear. Honorary Organiser for Norfolk, National Savings Committee.
* Jean Gray. Matron of the Leicester and Leicestershire Maternity Hospital.
* Councillor Ernest Hamlin. Vice-Chairman, Holborn Savings Committee.
* Florence Annie James. Headmistress, Linden Road Infants School, Gloucester.
* Morton Jewell, Staff Officer, Dominions Office and Colonial Office.
* James Gilbert Jewels, Headmaster, Stephenson Memorial School, Wallsend.
* Charles Thomas Johnston, Superintendent and Deputy Chief Constable, Greenock Burgh Police.
* Margaret Jean Keay. For ten years Honorary Secretary, Derby Savings Committee.
* Harold Vaughan Kenyon JP Commandant, Metropolitan Special Constabulary
* William Lamerton, Principal Foreman of Storehouses, Naval Store Department, Admiralty.
* Eliza Jane Winifredia Mary (May) Langford. Member of the East Ham and Barking War Pensions Committee. For some time Chairman of the Children's Sub-Committee.
* Charles William Mayer, Secretary and Superintendent (non medical), Mental Deficiency Institution, Starcross.
* Captain Reginald Eric Jenners Moore. Intelligence Officer in the Exhibitions Division of the Department of Overseas Trade.
* Horace Leonard Nicholls, Higher Executive Officer, Ministry of Pensions.
* Frederic James Pearce, Staff Officer (Grade II), Ministry of Transport.
* Robert Syme Peddie, Postmaster Elgin, Morayshire.
* Thomas Edgar Pilgrim. Honorary Secretary, Aldeburgh Savings Committee.
* Ralph Joseph Pym Pollard, Honorary Secretary, Penrith Savings Committee.
* Clarence Woodburn Pugh, Honorary Secretary, Devizes Savings Committee.
* Mabel Caroline Rauscher. Assistant to the Controller of the Clearing Office, Board of Trade.
* Edward Roberts  Lately Headmaster of Kingussie Secondary School.
* William Rushworth, Member of the South West Lancashire War Pensions Committee.
* Captain John Sandilands. Librarian, Royal Artillery Institution.
* Percival George Slade, Staff Officer, H.M. Treasury.
* John Henry Moore Smedley, . Chief Port Sanitary Inspector, Liverpool.
* George Smith, Engineer, H.M. Office of Works.
* Russell Edwin Stanley, Senior Staff Officer, Ministry of Agriculture., and Fisheries.
* Thomas Robert Thirtle. Postmaster, House of Commons.
* Ernest Arthur Warner, Chief Inspector of Ships Provisions, Board of Trade.
* William Henry Whiteley, Principal Clerk, Ministry of Pensions.
* Victor Ernest Wilkins  Assistant Principal, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries.,

Diplomatic Service And Overseas List * William John Richard Andrews, Superintendent of Publicity, Sudan Government Railways.
* John Deans RNR lately Acting British Vice-Consul at New York.
* Geraldine Forster, Social and Education worker in Khartoum.
* Robert John Knox, British Vice-Consul at Buenos Aires.
* Thomas Hilary Naftel, British Vice-Consul at Aguiles.
* Fred Stirk, Manager, Omdurman Technical School.
* John Campbell Thomson, Accountant at His Majesty's Embassy at Washington.

British India * William Henry Prior de la Hey, Personal Assistant to the Military Secretary to His Excellency the Viceroy.
* Bakhtawar Singh Dillon, Colonel in the Patiala State Forces, Commandant, 1st Patiala (Rajendra) Lancers. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* Eric Henry Frost, of the Imperial Secretariat Service, Officiating Superintendent, Home Department, Government of India.
* Khan Bahadur Saiyid Ghulam Hasnain, Deputy Superintendent of Police, Cawnpore, United Provinces.
* Khan Bahadur Darashah Dhanjishah Kothawala, Deputy Superintendent of Police, Criminal Investigation Department, Bombay. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* Frank Henry Langley, Civilian Officer of the Military Farms Department, Peshawar, North-West Frontier Province.
* Edgar Samuel Lewis, Punjab Civil Service, Additional District Magistrate, Lahore, Punjab. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* Homewell Lyngdoh, Assam Medical Service, Civil Surgeon, Nowgong, Assam. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* Robert William Mantle, Public Works Department, New Delhi. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* Arnold Christopher Mayberry, Deputy Superintendent of Police, Jubbulpore, Central Provinces. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* James Joseph Angelo Piner, of the Imperial Secretariat Service, Superintendent, Foreign and Political Department, Government of India. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* Saiyid Mujibur Rab, Indian Police Service, Officiating Superintendent of Police, Bihar and Orissa.
* Lachlan Macpherson Ryley, Assistant Inspector of Small Arms (Armourers), Ishapore, Bengal. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* Raja Mukund Singh, of Hardoi, Jalaun District, United Provinces.
* Allan Carmichael Blackburn Stout, Telegraph Master, Peshawar, North-West Frontier Province. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* Edward Patrick Warner, Officiating Superintendent of the Visapur Temporary Prison, Bombay. (Dated 15 December 1930.)
* Alfred Charles Willis, Indian Service of Engineers, Executive Engineer, Mon Canals Division, Burma.

Colonies, Protectorates, etc. * Horatio Bacarisas, Assistant Treasurer and Accountant, Revenue Department, Gibraltar.
* James Edward Todd Brathwaite, Chief Inland Revenue Officer, Grenada, Windward Islands.
* Florence Gaskin Browne. For Social welfare services in Barbados.
* John Fisher, Chief Fire Officer, Ministry of the Interior, Iraq.
* Captain Francis George Leopold Holland, Headmaster, Educational Scheme, Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony, Western Pacific.
* Cyril Charles Arnold Jansz, Manager and Principal of St. John's College, Panadura; for services to education in Ceylon.
* Audrey Jeffers. For social welfare services in Trinidad.
* Arnold Robert Johnson, lately Senior District Engineer, Federated Malay States Railways.
* Henry Meaden, Magistrate-Warden of Tobago, Colony of Trinidad and Tobago.
* Lilian Mary Single; West African Nursing Staff, Matron, Nigeria.
* Arthur James Stone, Registrar of the High Court and Administrator-General, Nyasaland Protectorate.
* George Alves Vincent  Medical Superintendent, St. Ann's Lunatic Asylum, Trinidad.
* Alfred Whittaker, lately Collector of Revenue, Wei-hai-Wei.

### Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour (CH)

* Helena Maria Swanwick. First President, Women's International League (British Section). Formerly British Delegate to the Assembly of the League of Nations.
* Jane Harriett Walker JP Founder and Medical Superintendent of the East Anglian Sanatorium, Nayland, Suffolk. Founder and first President of the Medical Women's Federation.

### Kaisar-i-Hind Medal

First Class * Mary Ronald Bisset  in charge Zenana Baptist Mission Hospital, Bhiwani, Punjab.
* Evelyn Gedge, Head of the Settlement for University Women, Gamdevi, Bombay.
* Ellen Inglis, Social Servant of Church Missionary Society, Punjab. Sarala Ray MBE Bengal.
* Mary Daphne, Lady Stephenson, Bihar and Orissa.
* Mohamed Ayoob, alias U Shwe Yun MBE Government Prosecutor, President, Municipal Committee, and Chairman, District Council, Mergui, Burma.
* Frank Howard Oakley, Senior Partner of Messrs. Oakley, Bowden and Company, Madras.
* Graham Colville Ramsay OBE  Tea-garden Doctor, at present employed on malarial research work by the Ross Institute, Assam.
* The Reverend Harry Hanson Weak  Mission, Garhwal, United Provinces.
* The Venerable Archdeacon Edward Hamilton Whitley, Missionary of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, Archdeacon of Chota Nagpur, Bihar and Orissa.

### Air Force Cross

### Air Force Medal

* Sergeant Alfred Victor Bax.

### King's Police Medal (KPM)

England and Wales * Lieutenant-Colonel Herbert Charles Metcalfe DSO Chief Constable of Somerset.
* Captain John Alfred Unett DSO Chief Constable of Essex.
* Frederick James Crawley, Chief Constable, Newcastle upon Tyne City Police Force.
* Arthur Robert Ellerington, Chief Constable, St. Helens Borough Police Force.
* Major Cedric Valentine Godfrey OBE Chief Constable, Salford City Police Force.
* Owen Cyrenius Webb, Superintendent, Metropolitan Police Force.
* William Trigg MBE Chief Superintendent and Deputy Chief Constable, Lincolnshire Constabulary.
* James Taylor Burnett MBE Chief Superintendent, Birmingham City Police Force.
* William Kenyon, Superintendent, Lancashire Constabulary.
* Charles Matthew Turner, Superintendent, Bradford City Police Force.
* William Burnham Fair, Chief Inspector, Metropolitan Police Force.
* George Charles Colvin, Sergeant, Metropolitan Police Force.
* Frederick George Muggridge, Sergeant, Metropolitan Police Force.
* James Dunsmore Adamson, Constable, Metropolitan Police Force.
* Robert Henry Baker, Constable, Metropolitan Police Force.
* John Laidlaw Bertram, Constable, Metropolitan Police Force.
* Alexander McLeod Irvine, Constable, Metropolitan Police Force.
* Ernest Jacobi, Constable, Metropolitan Police Force.
* Alfred Charles James, Constable, Metropolitan Police Force.
* Thomas Jack Kenwood, Constable, Metropolitan Police Force.
* Robert Henry Minnis, Constable, Metropolitan Police Force.
* Dennis Henry Murphy, Constable, Metropolitan Police Force.
* Walter Ernest Raymond, Constable, Metropolitan Police Force.
* John Charles McCarthy, Constable, Bedfordshire Constabulary.
* Robert Merchant, Constable, Essex Constabulary.
* Tom James Smith, Chief Officer, St. Austell (Volunteer) Fire Brigade.
* Arthur Henry Drake, Chief Officer, Coventry Fire Brigade.
* Joseph James Moore, Senior Superintendent, London Fire Brigade.

*His Majesty Has also graciously consented to the King's Police Medal being handed to the next-of-kin of the undermentioned officer, who was killed on duty on the 14th December, 1930, and would have received the decoration had he survived*

* Robert Little, Sergeant, Durham Constabulary.

Scotland * Captain Duncan Finlayson OBE Chief Constable of Ross and Cromarty.
* Angus MacKinnon, Superintendent, Glasgow City Police Force.
* Sinclair Mackay, Superintendent, Dumbartonshire Constabulary.
* George McKay, Constable, Glasgow City Police Force.

Northern Ireland * William Charles Foster, Constable, Royal Ulster Constabulary.

Australia * Daniel Leo Beaty, Foot Constable, South Australian Police Force.
* William Lancelot Dohoney, Foot Constable, South Australian Police Force.
* Frederick Hector Lee, Motor Traffic Constable, South Australian Police Force.
* John Albert Robertson, Motor Traffic Constable, South Australian Police Force.
* William Roy Denison, Motor Traffic Constable, South Australian Police Force.
* Russell Sylvester Moore Walters, Motor Traffic Constable, South Australian Police Force.
* Percy Edgcumbe Holloway, Motor Traffic Constable, South Australian Police Force.

Union of South Africa * Samuel Hendrik White, Detective Constable, South African Police Force.
* Gerhardus Barend Walters, Constable, South African Police Force.

British India * Sir Patrick Aloysius Kelly CIE Commissioner of Police, Bombay. *(bar to the King's Police Medal)*
* George John Adamson, Inspector, Calcutta Police. *(bar to the King's Police Medal)*
* Rai Sahib Jagdeo Prashad Singh, Subedar, Military Police, Bhagalpur. *(bar to the King's Police Medal)*
* Frederick Lionel Mullaly, Deputy Commissioner, Madras City Police.
* Rao Bahadur Mangalore Venkatappa, Assistant Commissioner, Madras City Police.
* Manikkam Michael Chelladurai, Officiating Inspector, Madras City Police.
* Eugene Roxton Upshon, Sub-Inspector, Madras City Police.
* Thomas Browning, Sergeant-Major, Madras City Police.
* Allan Walton, Sergeant, Madras City Police.
* Kalftyath Achutha Menon, Head Constable, Madras City Police.
* Vonamamula Narasimhalu Krishnaswami Nayudu, Constable, Madras City Police.
* Muhammad Lutfullah Hussain, Sowar, Madras City Police.
* Ghulam Mahomed Mohazir, Sub-Inspector, Madras City Police.
* Keshav Bhimrao Bendigeri, Head Constable, Great Indian Peninsula Railway Police.
* Tom Robinson, Officiating District Superintendent of Police, Bombay Presidency.
* Paul Burgman Wilkins, Assistant Superintendent, Bombay Police.
* Charles Henry de Vere Moss, Assistant Superintendent, Bombay Police.
* John Cotton Farmer, Deputy Inspector-General, Bengal Police.
* Daniel Mulcahy, Sergeant, Calcutta Police.
* Frederick Harry Burr, Sergeant, Calcutta Police.
* Felix O'Hara, Sergeant, Calcutta Police.
* Manindra Chandra Pal, Constable, Bengal Police.
* Jadu Nandan Singh, Constable, Eastern Bengal and Assam-Bengal Railways Police.
* Archibald Douglas Gordon, Deputy Commissioner of Police, Calcutta.
* Frederick William Kidd, Superintendent of Police, Midnapore, Bengal.
* Promode Mohan Chakrabartti, Officiating Deputy Superintendent of Police, Intelligence Branch, Criminal Investigation Department, Bengal.
* Yakub Ali Khan, Constable, Bengal Police.
* Pir Khan, Constable, United Provinces Police.
* Munshi Mahmud-ul-Hasan, Sub-Inspector, United Provinces Police.
* Horace Williamson CIE MBE Indian Police Service, United Provinces.
* Sayed Ahmad Shah, Inspector, Punjab Police.
* Ram Chand, Constable, Punjab Police.
* Abdul Karim, Constable, Punjab Police.
* Alam Khan, Constable, Punjab Police.
* Ronald Arthur Charles Hill, Superintendent, Punjab Police.
* Ali Muhammad Shah, Constable, Punjab Police.
* Nasib Khan, Constable, Punjab Police.
* Najabat Ali, Constable, Punjab Police.
* Captain Lewis Eric MacGregor  Burma Military Police.
* Chanan Khan, Constable, Burma Police.
* Godwin Edward Banwell MC Officiating Superintendent, Burma Police.
* Henry Raymond Alexander, Superintendent, Burma Police.
* Brij Behari Lai, Sub-Inspector, Bihar and Orissa Police.
* Francis Steuart McNamara, Deputy Inspector-General, Bihar and Orissa Police.
* Ram Sarup Singh, Constable, Bihar and Orissa Police.
* Rambilas Singh, Constable, Bihar and Orissa Police.
* Robert Douglas Kiallmark Ninnis, Superintendent, Bihar and Orissa Police.
* Malcolm Ayres Mackenzie MBE Superintendent, Bihar and Orissa Police.
* Ganesh, Constable, Central Provinces Police.
* Bhagirath, Constable Central Provinces Police.
* Charles Carter Chitham, Deputy Inspector-General, Central Provinces Police.
* Archibald Gifford Scott, Superintendent, Central Provinces Police.
* Eric Fitzroy Neilson, Superintendent, Central Provinces Police.
* Harold Beaumont, Superintendent of Police, Sylhet, Assam.
* Bashir Ahmed Khan, Inspector, North-West Frontier Province Police.
* Nawab, Constable, North-West Frontier Province Railway Police.
* Raz Muhammad Khan (Tarakzai Mohmand), Jemadar, North-West Frontier Province Constabulary.
* Lal Din (Tarakzai Mohmand), Naik, North-West Frontier Province Constabulary.
* Reginald Castelman Jeffreys, late Senior Superintendent, Delhi Police.
* Muhammad Afzal, Foot Constable, Delhi Police.
* Sardar Ragibhir Singh, Inspector-General of Police, Patiala State.

*His Majesty Has also graciously consented to the King's Police Medal being handed to the next-of-kin of the undermentioned officer, who was killed on duty on the 14th December, 1930, and would have received the decoration had he survived:*

* Sharfuddin, Constable, United Provinces Police.

Colonies, Protectorates and Mandated Territories * Ernest Gilbert, Sergeant, Civil Police Force, Gibraltar.
* Walter Kent, Assistant Superintendent, Hong Kong Police.
* Carmelo Maria Saliba, Inspector, Malta Police.
* Muttugalage Don Warliano, Constable, Ceylon Police.
* J. N. Jordan, Constable, Northern Rhodesia Police.

### British Empire Medal (BEM)

Military Division For Gallantry * Able Seaman George Willet Harrison. *Citation:* "On the occasion of a bad accident that occurred on board H.M.S. *Hood* at Portsmouth on the 15th February, 1930, when Dockyard workmen were engaged in opening up for inspection the starboard after bulge compartments, a Shipwright named Langford entered through the manhole into a compartment contaminated with carbon monoxide and was overcome and collapsed. He was alive when brought out but died without recovering consciousness. As soon as the alarm was given a rescue party entered the bulge, but found great difficulty in locating Langford owing to the very bad atmosphere and the absence of effective lighting. The party had gas-masks but these were ineffective against carbon monoxide gas. Notwithstanding these difficulties, however, Able Seaman Harrison made his way through successive compartments and at great personal risk, continued his search and, with assistance, eventually brought Langford out. On being brought out, Harrison himself was in a state of collapse."

For Meritorious Service * Lance Corporal Lawrence Edward Cromey, 2nd Battalion, The Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Regiment.
* Staff Sergeant Cecil Lockyer, Royal Army Ordnance Corps.
* Flight Sergeant Edward Victor Hibberd, Royal Air Force.

Civil Division For Meritorious Service * Henry Creed, Office Keeper in the Dominions Office and the Colonial Office.
* Thomas Greensmith, Inspector of Shipping, H.M. War Department Fleet.
* Sydney George Thomas Lane, Shipwright, H.M. Dockyard, Portsmouth.
* James McManus, Shipwright, H.M. Dockyard, Portsmouth.
* Alfred John Prince, Head Gardener and Caretaker, Imperial War Graves Commission, Belgium.
* William Webster, Inspector, Edinburgh City Police Force.
* Bertram O'Brien, Inspector of Police, Madras City, Madras.
* George Thomas Richard Smith, Officiating Inspector of Police, in charge of Armed Reserve, Madras City, Madras.
* Muhammad Ghouse Chida Sahib Bahadur, Inspector of Police, Madras.
* M. Muhammad Sadiq, Sub-Inspector of Police, Punjab.
* Nanak Chand, Sub-Inspector of Police, Punjab.
* Hasan Tahsin, Chief Cavass at H.M. Consulate General at Smyrna.

### Royal Red Cross (RRC)

Second Class * Superintending Sister Nora Evelyn James.


title: Anal gland

abstract: The anal glands or anal sacs are small glands near the anus in many mammals. They are situated in between the external anal sphincter muscle and internal anal sphincter muscle. In non-human mammals, the secretions of the anal glands contain mostly volatile organic compounds with a strong odor, and they are thus functionally involved in communication. Depending upon the species, they may be involved in territory marking, individual identification, and sexual signalling, as well as defense. Their function in humans is unclear. Sebaceous glands within the lining secrete a liquid that is used for identification of members within a species. These sacs are found in many species of carnivorans, including wolves, bears, sea otters and kinkajous.

text:
# Anal gland

The **anal glands** or **anal sacs** are small glands near the anus in many mammals. They are situated in between the external anal sphincter muscle and internal anal sphincter muscle. In non-human mammals, the secretions of the anal glands contain mostly volatile organic compounds with a strong odor, and they are thus functionally involved in communication. Depending upon the species, they may be involved in territory marking, individual identification, and sexual signalling, as well as defense. Their function in humans is unclear.

Sebaceous glands within the lining secrete a liquid that is used for identification of members within a species. These sacs are found in many species of carnivorans, including wolves, bears, sea otters and kinkajous.

## Anatomy

The human anal glands are situated within the wall of the anal canal and communicate with the lumen of the canal via ducts that open at the anal valves, just proximal to the pectinate line. Humans have 12 anal glands on average (which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the anal canal). The glands are situated at varying depths in the wall of the anal canal; some between the layers of the internal and external sphincter (the intersphincteric plane).

## Function

In humans, the glands secrete mucin (which differs in composition from that secreted by the rectal mucosa). Their function is unclear.

## Clinical significance

Anal glands are the most common cause of anal fistula. Large fistulae present a surgical challenge as resection of larger sections of the anal sphincter may result in anal incontinence. The cryptoglandular theory states that obstruction of these ducts, presumably by accumulation of foreign material (e.g. fecal bacterial plugging) in the crypts, may lead to perianal abscess and fistula formation.

Entry of bacteria into the lumen of the glands can cause infection (which may then spread), and inflammation can prevent drainage of the glands.

## Other animals

### Dogs and cats

Dogs and cats primarily use their anal gland secretions to mark their territory, and generally will secrete small amounts of fluid every time they defecate. Many will often express these glands when anxious or frightened as well. Dogs who are healthy can usually have a wide variety in the appearance of their sac's content. Anal sac fluid varies from yellow to tan or brown in color. The consistency of the fluid ranges from thin, watery secretions to thick, gritty paste. There can also be a range in the malodorousness, or how strongly the contents smell. These factors can all be different from animal to animal.

The inability to effectively express this fluid can lead to anal sacculitis. This is characterized by a build-up of fluid in the anal sac, an uncomfortable condition that can lead to pain and itching. Dogs and cats of any age may be affected, but dogs are far more likely to suffer from anal sacculitis than cats. Dogs and cats with anal glands that do not express naturally may exhibit specific signs, such as scooting the backside upon the ground, straining to defecate, and excessive licking of the anus. Cats may also defecate in areas outside the litter box.

Discomfort may also be evident with impaction or infection of the anal glands. Anal sac impaction results from blockage of the duct leading from the gland to the opening. The sac is usually non-painful and swollen. Anal sac infection results in pain, swelling, and sometimes abscessation and fever.

Initial treatment usually involves the manual expression of the anal sacs, most often by a veterinary professional. The frequency of this procedure depends on the patient's individual degree of discomfort but can range from weekly to every few months. Treatment may include lancing of an abscess or antibiotic infusion into the gland in the case of infection. The most common bacterial isolates from anal gland infection are *E. coli*, *Enterococcus faecalis*, *Clostridium perfringens*, and *Proteus* species. Increasing dietary fiber is also commonly recommended.

Anal sacs may be removed surgically in a procedure known as anal sacculectomy. This is usually done in the case of recurrent infection or because of the presence of an anal sac adenocarcinoma, a malignant tumor. Potential complications include fecal incontinence (especially when both glands are removed), tenesmus from stricture or scar formation, and persistent draining fistulae.

### Opossums

Opossums use their anal glands when they "play possum". As the opossum mimics death, the glands secrete a foul-smelling liquid, suggesting the opossum is rotting. Opossums are not members of the order Carnivora, and their anal sacs differ from those of dogs and their relatives.

### Skunks

Skunks use their anal glands to spray a foul-smelling and sticky fluid as a defense against predators.

### Symbiotic relationships

#### Beavers

Both female and male beavers (*Castor canadensis*) have a pair of castor sacs and a pair of anal glands between the pelvis and tail. The physiology of the castor sac is unique to the beaver and contains an outer, vascular layer of connective tissue, a thicker layer of epithelial cells, and an inner packed layer of epithelial sheets. Castoreum is the chemical compound that is secreted from the castor sacs and is originally a thin, yellowish liquid. It is composed of a mixture of varied metabolic compounds, from the sacs and other bodily systems, and excreted urine. An extraction of castoreum, the scent glands from the male and female beaver are used in perfumery and as a flavor ingredient.

The vestibule of the anal glands are connected to the ducts of the castor glands. The anal glands of beavers are characterized as holocrine sebaceous glands, which means they secrete substances by disintegrating cells in the process. Variations in color of anal glands range from a light straw color to brown. Compared to the castor sacs, anal glands secrete a much more sharp odor. Beavers do have a presence of bacterial flora in their anal glands, with the most abundant being *B. fragilis* and *E. coli*. These two bacteria are common in the digestive tracts of mammals and are seen across all beaver populations regardless of sex, colony, age, class, and other factors. This gives evidence to the idea that beavers do not have varied bacterial flora or significant varied odors within a family. Furthermore, this opposes the bacterial fermentation hypothesis that is common among a number of mammalian species.

Beavers create scent mounds, which are essentially “mud pies”, where they deposit castoreum and other secretions on top of them. As scent communication is a common method across many species, beavers use scent mounds as a way to alert that a region is inhabited by a family of beavers and to mark territory. The frequency of scent mounding is typically highest during the spring and after winter when the ice has melted. This is prevalent as the water sources are more available from which beavers can gather mud. Scent mounding is highest during intergroup interactions, vicinity of abutting beaver populations, and gestation periods. Scent mounds are mainly a medium of communication against adjacent beaver populations and it prevents the exploitation of food resources, marks distinct family territories, and prevents extreme colonization of a habitat.

#### Badgers

The European badger (*Meles meles*), a nocturnal carnivore, has a powerful olfactory system. Anal gland secretions (AGS) of badgers are not commonly studied but contribute to key information for communication due to volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Like many other carnivorous mammals, such as mongoose, bears, and otters, they can detect sex differences from the different ratios of compounds of VOCs. VOCs in AGS of badger samples have individual-specific information, including health, fitness, reproductive status, and group membership. Male badgers react differently to VOCs in AGS from fertile females versus non-fertile females. The VOCs can change yearly based on diet and environmental factors, and seasonal changes of VOCs are influenced by breeding season.

The subcaudal gland is right next to the anal sac. The subcaudal gland contributes to individual-specific communication, much like the AGS. Subcaudal glands of badgers had 56 operational taxonomic units (OTU) used to classify the different bacteria found into four different phyla. Based on a study by Yung Wa Sin 2012, conducted on 79 subcaudal secretions from summer and spring, OTUs fall into four bacterial phyla: Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Actinobacteria was the dominant phyla as it represented \>76% of all bacterial communities in the badger adults. Cub secretion microbial communities were significantly more diverse; Firmicutes were the most abundant bacterial phyla in adult badger microbial communities. This bacterial dominance shift may be due to puberty in the cubs. In the spring, a breeding female versus a non-breeding female had significant microbial community differences, but they did not see significant differences in bacterial communities in the summer months. Secretions from the subcaudal gland are shown to be rich in short and medium-chain fatty acids likely produced by pheromone active products from actinobacteria long-chain fatty acids.

In the majority of mammals, group integration is performed by the adult. However, in badgers cubs begin this gradual process (14–16 weeks). Badgers have the reputation of being aggressive towards one another and cubs are often victims to infanticide. To lower aggression within a group of badgers, members will allogroom (a form of social grooming) or allomark (transferring scents between other group members) more frequent and intense during spring months. Maturing cubs rub themselves against adult badger's subcaudal region via allomarking. This is also referred to as “scent theft” as cubs that do this have the same group scent. Badger cubs do not have the subcaudal gland secretion ability until approximately four months old .

#### Wolves

Volatile compounds found in the anal sac secretions of intact males, intact females, castrate males, ovariectomized females, and anosmic/ pinealectomized males and females were analyzed using gas chromatography. The volatile compounds found in the anal-gland secretions were largely alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones. Of the volatile compounds that were analyzed, the relative quantities of volatile compounds present in the test subjects’ anal sac secretions varied significantly between secretions collected outside and during mating season. This indicates that the volatile compounds in the anal sac secretions are used to signal information like gender and reproductive status. Results of this study indicated that some of the volatile compounds, specifically 2-octenal, 2-octen-1-ol and indole, were produced by microbes.

#### Indian mongoose

The anal gland of the Indian mongoose consists of large sebaceous glands that surround the anus, called the anal sac. The anal sac remains covered in sebum and remains closed when the tail of the mongoose is down but opens when the tail is raised. Inside the anal sacs are the ducts of the two anal pockets that lie on either side of the anus. The mongoose marks objects in its habitat by rubbing that object with the anal area leaving behind the distinct scent of carboxylic acids. Contents of the anal pocket secretions revealed 6 saturated carboxylic acids: acetic, propionic, isobutyric, butyric, isovaleric and valeric. There are currently no notable differences in the chemicals found in the anal pocket secretions between the sexes.

Evidence shows that the carboxylic acids found in the anal pocket secretions are produced by bacterial metabolism of contents inside the sebum. The bacteria isolated from anal sac secretions have been identified as *Peptococcus* *spp.*, *Peptostreptococcus plagarumbelli*, *Bacillus cereus* and *Eubacterium* or *Catenobacterium* *spp*. These bacterial species have been found to produce carboxylic acids within the anal pocket.

#### Hyenas

Hyenas are known to engage in “pasting” which is a type of scent marking behavior. This paste is rich in lipid sebum and epithelial cells, and is produced by sebaceous glands which then go directly into the anal glands and on top of a grass stalk. The organ that provides this paste, the anal glands, are occupied by microbes. Although both species of hyena contain fermentative bacteria, the microbes found in the anal gland of spotted hyenas (*Crocuta crocuta*) differ from the microbes found in striped hyenas.

The spotted hyena paste holds many populations of coccus and rod shaped bacteria. A survey found that Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria are the most common bacteria found in the hyena paste. Although many bacteria have been identified, around half are still unidentified.

Microbiome populations also vary by sex and age. The adult and juvenile hyenas’ anal glands have the least diverse microbiota of their whole body. For females, the most common bacteria found in their paste was Anaerococcus, Anaerovorax, Corynebacterium, Eubacterium, Helcococcus, Porphyromonas, and Propionibacterium. Compared to the male hyenas which have a different microbiota than female hyenas. Juvenile males have more Prevotella and Firmicutes, while juvenile females have more Corynebacterium and Clostridiales. There is also a difference between adult female hyenas and juvenile hyenas. Juvenile female hyenas have more Erysipelotrichaceae and Helicobacter than the adult hyenas. These bacteria are common to the milk that hyenas feed their young.

#### Dogs and domestic cats

The bacteria found in the feces and anal glands of dogs and cats are also found in their mouths due to the consistent exposure to their backsides (licking and chewing). In a healthy dog or cat the bacteria normally found in their feces are Streptococci and Enterococci, more specifically, Enterococcus faecium, Streptococcus bovis, and Enterococcus faecalis.

Dogs have two anal sacs which are located in the connective tissue off the anus. There are many glands in dogs that secrete into the sac's lumen, filling them with fluid. The anal-sacs are usually made up of about 88% water, 11.5% organic and 0.5% inorganic matter. The secretion of anal gland content contains mucin, that is rich in sialic acid and other anti-microbial proteins, like lysozyme, immunoglobulin A, and lactoferrin. There is also an abundance of gram-positive cocci since they are part of the anal glands normal flora. The organic components mainly consist of short-chain fatty acids and trimethylamine. The anal-sac fluid can be secreted or expressed into the anal channel to serve as a scent marker for an individual's territory through their feces.


title: Anbyon station

abstract: Anbyŏn station is a railway station in Anbyŏn-ŭp, Anbyŏn County in Kangwŏn province, North Korea. It is located on the Kangwŏn Line, which connects Kowŏn to P'yŏnggang, and is the start of the Kŭmgangsan Ch'ŏngnyŏn Line, which runs to the Mount Kŭmgang Tourist Region and continues south across the DMZ to Chejin in South Korea, although the section between Kŭmgangsan and Chejin has been out of service since 2008.

text:
# Anbyon station

**Anbyŏn station** is a railway station in Anbyŏn-ŭp, Anbyŏn County in Kangwŏn province, North Korea. It is located on the Kangwŏn Line, which connects Kowŏn to P'yŏnggang, and is the start of the Kŭmgangsan Ch'ŏngnyŏn Line, which runs to the Mount Kŭmgang Tourist Region and continues south across the DMZ to Chejin in South Korea, although the section between Kŭmgangsan and Chejin has been out of service since 2008.

## History

The station, along with the rest of the former Kyŏngwŏn Line, was opened by the Chosen Government Railway (*Sentetsu*) on 16 August 1914. The first section of the former Tonghae Pukpu Line, from Anbyŏn to Hŭpkok (nowadays called Myŏnggo), was opened by Sentetsu on 1 September 1929. After the partition of Korea following the Pacific War, the section of the Tonghae Pukpu line from Anbyŏn to Kamho fell within North Korea, and was renamed Kŭmgangsan Ch'ŏngnyŏn Line.

## InfoBox

| Anbyŏn
안변 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Korean name | |
| Hangul | 안변역 |
| Hanja |  |
| Revised Romanization | *Anbyeon-yeok* |
| McCune–Reischauer | *Anbyŏn-yŏk* |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Location | Anbyŏn-ŭp,
Anbyŏn County
Kangwŏn Province
North Korea |
| Coordinates | 39°2′52″N 127°30′1″E / 39.04778°N 127.50028°E / 39.04778; 127.50028 |
| Owned by | Korean State Railway |
| Line(s) | Kangwŏn Line
Kŭmgangsan Ch'ŏngnyŏn Line |
| History | |
| Opened | 16 August 1914 |
| Electrified | yes |
| Original company | Chosen Government Railway |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station  Korean State Railway Following station  Paehwatowards Kowŏn  Kangwŏn Line  Namsantowards P'yŏnggang  *Terminus*  Kŭmgangsan Ch'ŏngnyŏn Line  Ogyetowards Jejin (ROK) | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Anbyon County

abstract: Anbyŏn is a kun, or county, in Kangwŏn province, North Korea. Originally included in South Hamgyŏng province, it was transferred to Kangwŏn province in a September 1946 reshuffling of local government.

text:
# Anbyon County

**Anbyŏn** is a *kun*, or county, in Kangwŏn province, North Korea. Originally included in South Hamgyŏng province, it was transferred to Kangwŏn province in a September 1946 reshuffling of local government.

## Physical features

The southwest portion of the county is bounded by the Masingryŏng (마식령산맥) and Taebaek mountains, which meet at the pass of Ch'ugaryŏng (추가령). The highest point is Paegamsan.

Anbyŏn's major streams include the Namdaech'ŏn and the Hakch'ŏn. The Anbyŏn Plain is situated along the Namdaech'ŏn's course. The temperature is warmer in the north than in the south.

## Administrative divisions

Anbyŏn county is divided into 1 *ŭp* (town), 2 *rodongjagu* (workers' districts) and 28 *ri* (villages):

## Economy

Agriculture

In the Anbyŏn Plain, rice-farming is the predominant industry. Orcharding also plays an important role.

Manufacturing

Tile manufacturing also takes place.

Mining

There are local deposits of gold, silver, copper and zinc, but they are not widely exploited.

Electricity generation

In 2000, construction of the Anbyŏn Youth Power Station, a hydroelectric facility, was completed. The workers were honored with a personal communique from Kim Jong-il.

Film-making

Anbyŏn is the setting for many North Korean films. Thus it has been dubbed the Hollywood of North Korea.

Chemicals

A chemical weapons storage facility is believed to be located in the county's Chiha-ri precinct. The facility is said to include numerous tunnels dug deep into the mountains, and may also host some biological weapons.

## Transport

The Kangwŏn and Kŭmgangsan Ch'ŏngnyŏn lines of the Korean State Railway pass through the county, which is also served by road.

## Wildlife

Anbyŏn contains a 1000 ha site, Anbyŏn Field, that has been identified as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International because it is a wintering ground for red-crowned cranes.

39°01′48″N 127°30′00″E / 39.03000°N 127.50000°E / 39.03000; 127.50000

## InfoBox

| Anbyŏn County 안변군 | |
| --- | --- |
| County | |
| Korean transcription(s) | |
| Chosŏn'gŭl | 안변군 |
| Hancha |  |
| McCune-Reischauer | Anbyŏn-gun |
| Revised Romanization | Anbyeon-gun |
| Chŏnsam Cooperative Farm, Anbyŏn | |
| Map of Kangwon showing the location of Anbyon | |
| Country | North Korea |
| Province | Kangwon Province |
| Administrative divisions | 1 *ŭp*, 2 workers' districts, 28 *ri* |
| Area | |
| Total | 506.5 km2 (195.6 sq mi) |
| Population (2008) | |
| Total | 93,960 |


title: Edoardo Tofano

abstract: Edoardo Tofano was an Italian painter. He painted historic, genre and Orientalist themes.

text:
# Edoardo Tofano

**Edoardo Tofano** (1838 in Naples – 1920 in Rome) was an Italian painter. He painted historic, genre and Orientalist themes.

## Biography

He began his studies at the Albertina Academy of Turin, but completed studies at the Accademia Clementina of Bologna. He then returned to Naples where he became a follower of the Realism of Domenico Morelli. At the age of 23 (1861), he was recruited as an instructor at the Art Institute of Naples, a post he held until 1864. He resigned to create works marketed by the Goupil Gallery in Paris, and was patronized by British collectors.

Among his work are *The cabin of Nelson* and *Donna con Ventaglio* (Girl with Fan) He also painted orientalist subjects and portraits, including those exhibited at 1897 at London, Portrait of Lady Hastings Campbell (Flora Mure-Campbell, Marchioness of Hastings?) and in 1906 at Paris (Princess Alexandria of Yugoslavia).

## InfoBox

| Edoardo Tofano | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Born | 31 August 1838
Naples |
| Died | 20 December 1920  (aged 82)
Rome |
| Occupation | Painter |


title: Aspidoscelis deppii

abstract: Aspidoscelis deppii, known commonly as the blackbelly racerunner, is a species of lizard in the family Teiidae. The species is native to Central America and southern Mexico. There are three recognized subspecies.

text:
# Aspidoscelis deppii

***Aspidoscelis deppii***, known commonly as the **blackbelly racerunner**, is a species of lizard in the family Teiidae. The species is native to Central America and southern Mexico. There are three recognized subspecies.

## Etymology

The specific name, *deppii*, is in honor of German naturalist Ferdinand Deppe.

## Geographic range

*A. deppii* is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacán, Morelos, Oaxaca), and Nicaragua.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitats of *A. deppii* are forest, shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas, at altitudes of 0–1,200 m (0–3,937 ft).

## Reproduction

*A. deppii* is oviparous.

## Subspecies

Three subspecies are recognized as being valid, including the nominotypical subspecies.

*Nota bene*: A trinomial authority in parentheses indicates that the subspecies was originally described in a genus other than *Aspidoscelis*.

## Further reading

* Duellman WE, Wellman J (1960). "A Systematic Study of the Lizards of The *Deppei* \[sic\] Group (Genus *Cnemidophorus*) in Mexico and Guatemala". *Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan* (111): 1-80 + Plate I. (*Cnemidophorus deppei infernalis*, new subspecies, pp. 32–35, 75, Figures 11 D-F + Plate I, top).
* Martínez-Fonseca JG, Reid FA, Sunyer J (2016). "*Aspidoscelis deppii* (Wiegmann, 1834). Diet". *Mesoamerican Herpetology* **3** (2): 480-481.
* Smith HM, Brandon RA (1968). "*Data Nova Herpetologica Mexicana* ". *Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science* **71** (1): 49-61. (*Cnemidophorus deppei schizophorus*, new subspecies, p. 55).
* Wiegmann AFA (1834). *Herpetologia Mexicana, seu descriptio amphibiorum Novae Hispaniae, quae itineribus comitis de Sack, Ferdinandi Deppe et Chr. Guil. Schiede in Museum Zoologicum Berolinense pervenerunt. Pars prima, saurorum species amplectens. Adiecto systematis saurorum prodromo, additisque multis in hunc amphibiorum ordinem observationibus*. Berlin: C.G. Lüderitz. vi + 54 pp. + Plates I-X. (*Cnemidophorus deppii*, new species, p. 28). (in Latin).

## InfoBox

| *Aspidoscelis deppii* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Family: | Teiidae |
| Genus: | *Aspidoscelis* |
| Species: | ***A. deppii*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Aspidoscelis deppii***
(Wiegmann, 1834) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Cnemidophorus deppii*
Wiegmann, 1834 * *Cnemidophorus deppei* \[sic\]
Gadow, 1906
(*ex errore*) * *Aspidoscelis deppii*
Reeder et al., 2002 | |


title: Anaïs Barbeau-Lavalette

abstract: Anaïs Barbeau-Lavalette is a Canadian novelist, film director, and screenwriter from Quebec. Her films are known for their "organic, participatory feel." Barbeau-Lavalette is the daughter of filmmaker Manon Barbeau and cinematographer Philippe Lavalette, and the granddaughter of artist Marcel Barbeau. Originally prominent as a child actor, her credits included the series Le Club des 100 Watts and À nous deux!. She later began making documentary films, including Les Petits princes des bidonvilles (2000), Buenos Aires, no llores (2001) and Si j'avais un chapeau (2005), before releasing her first feature film, The Ring, in 2007. In 2010, she also published Je voudrais qu'on m'efface, a novel which revolves around some of the same characters as The Ring. In 2015, her second novel, La femme qui fuit, inspired by the life of her grandmother, artist Suzanne Meloche, was short-listed for the 2016 Governor General's Award for French-language fiction, in addition to winning a number of other prizes and being a best-seller. Barbeau-Lavalette is best known to international audiences for her award-winning 2012 film Inch'Allah.

text:
# Anaïs Barbeau-Lavalette

**Anaïs Barbeau-Lavalette** (born 1979) is a Canadian novelist, film director, and screenwriter from Quebec. Her films are known for their "organic, participatory feel." Barbeau-Lavalette is the daughter of filmmaker Manon Barbeau and cinematographer Philippe Lavalette, and the granddaughter of artist Marcel Barbeau.

Originally prominent as a child actor, her credits included the series *Le Club des 100 Watts* and *À nous deux!*. She later began making documentary films, including *Les Petits princes des bidonvilles* (2000), *Buenos Aires, no llores* (2001) and *Si j'avais un chapeau* (2005), before releasing her first feature film, *The Ring*, in 2007. In 2010, she also published *Je voudrais qu'on m'efface* (translated as *Neighbourhood Watch*), a novel which revolves around some of the same characters as *The Ring*. In 2015, her second novel, *La femme qui fuit* (translated as *Suzanne*), inspired by the life of her grandmother, artist Suzanne Meloche, was short-listed for the 2016 Governor General's Award for French-language fiction, in addition to winning a number of other prizes and being a best-seller.

Barbeau-Lavalette is best known to international audiences for her award-winning 2012 film *Inch'Allah*.

## Early life

Barbeau-Lavalette was born on February 8, 1979, in Montreal, the daughter of Manon Barbeau, a filmmaker and director, and Philippe Lavalette, a cinematographer. She is the granddaughter of the Canadian artist Marcel Barbeau, who studied under Paul-Émile Borduas, and is known for being one of the first non-figurative painters in Canada.

As a young adult, Barbeau-Lavalette lived and studied in the occupied West Bank area.

In 2000, after finishing her first full-length documentary, *Les Petits princes des bidonvilles* (2000), Barbeau-Lavalette enrolled at the Université de Montréal, where she majored in International Studies. She then went on to study Film Production at the INIS. Following her time at INIS, Barbeau-Lavalette travelled to Ramallah, Palestine to attend Birzeit University.

## Film career

### Documentaries

Barbeau-Lavalette started her film career as a documentary director. Following a year spent in Honduras, Barbeau-Lavalette directed *Les Petits princes des bidonvilles* (2000), which followed young Hondurans growing up in Montreal. In 2002, Anaïs Barbeau-Lavalette represented Canada in the United Nations Volunteers' Odyssey (Odyssée du voluntarist), in which she traveled the world creating 15 short documentaries on the theme of volunteerism.

On her return, Barbeau-Lavalette directed more documentaries, including the features *Si j'avais un chapeau* (2005), which detailed the lives of children across four different countries, and *Tap-Tap*, a "poetic portrait of Montreal's Haitian community."

### Fiction features

In 2007, her debut fiction *The Ring* came out and was received warmly by critics. Her second fiction feature film, *Inch'Allah*, has become her most recognizable piece of work.

Her 2020 film, *Goddess of the Fireflies (La déesse des mouches à feu)*, is an adaptation of the novel by Geneviève Pettersen.

In 2022, she released *White Dog (Chien blanc)*, an adaptation of Romain Gary's 1970 novel *White Dog*.

### Short films

Barbeau-Lavalette has created many short films spanning across different mediums and genres. Barbeau-Lavalette directed and shot 15 documentary short films during her time with the United Nation's Volunteers' Odyssey, and has continued to release short films throughout her career.

Her filmography includes such short films as *Seven Hours Three Times A Year* (2012), *Ina Litovski* (2012), and an 11-minute animated short film, *Take Me* (2014).

### Videoclips

Barbeau-Lavalette is part of the Wapikoni Mobile audiovisual adventure. Through this Barbeau-Lavalette has directed videoclips for musicians, including Canadian singers Catherine Major and Thomas Hellman and hip hop artists Samian and Dramatik.

## Bibliography

* *Je voudrais qu'on m'efface* (2010). *Neighbourhood Watch*, trans. Rhonda Mullins (Coach House, 2020).
* *Embrasser Yasser Arafat : chroniques palestiniennes* (2011).
* *La Femme qui fuit* (2015). *Suzanne*, trans. Rhonda Mullins (Coach House, 2017).

## Awards and nominations

*Si j'avais un chapeau* (2005) was nominated for the "Best Social Documentary and Best Research" at the Prix Gémeaux in 2006. Her feature film, *Le Ring* (2007) was extremely well received by critics. The critically acclaimed film, was chosen in the Pusan and Berlin film festivals in 2008. *Le Ring* received international awards including the New Talent Grand Prize and the Golden Lion Award at Taipei Film Festival, the Special Jury Award at Vladivostok Film Festival in Russia, and the Best Director Award at Miradas Madrid Film Festival.

A peace, human rights and international development activist, Barbeau-Lavalette was named artist of the year for 2012 by Les Artistes pour la paix, a Montreal-based organization that honors works of art involving themes of peace, in February 2013. In the same month, *Inch'Allah* was awarded the FIPRESCI Prize for the Panorama section of the 2013 Berlin International Film Festival.

## InfoBox

| Anaïs Barbeau-Lavalette | |
| --- | --- |
| Barbeau-Lavalette in 2015 | |
| Born | 1979 (age 4445)
Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| Occupation(s) | Novelist, film director, screenwriter |
| Parent(s) | Manon Barbeau
Philippe Lavalette |
| Relatives | Marcel Barbeau
(paternal grandfather) |


title: Aeroperú

abstract: Empresa de Transporte Aéreo del Perú S.A. branded as Aeroperú, was a Peruvian airline, serving as flag carrier of Peru from 1973 to 1999. The company was headquartered in Lima, with the city's Jorge Chávez International Airport serving as its primary hub. Besides an extensive domestic route network, Aeroperú offered international flights to places in Latin America and the United States of America. The company had around 1,500 employees. It ceased operations in 1999.

text:
# Aeroperú

**Empresa de Transporte Aéreo del Perú S.A.** branded as **Aeroperú**, was a Peruvian airline, serving as flag carrier of Peru from 1973 to 1999. The company was headquartered in Lima, with the city's Jorge Chávez International Airport serving as its primary hub. Besides an extensive domestic route network, Aeroperú offered international flights to places in Latin America and the United States of America. The company had around 1,500 employees. It ceased operations in 1999.

## History

Aeroperú was formed on May 22, 1973, following the reorganization of SATCO, an earlier airline founded on 1960 and controlled by the Peruvian Army. Initially, a wholly state-owned company with a fleet of three Fokker F28 Fellowships taken over from SATCO, revenue flights were commenced in October on the Lima-Cusco route. Soon, a Boeing 727 joined the fleet, and the airline placed an order for two new Fokker F27 Friendships. In 1974, two Douglas DC-8s were acquired from Viasa, which allowed the company to launch international flights.

The inaugural international flight to Buenos Aires took place on 29 July 1974, soon followed by a scheduled service to Miami. By 1978, the Aeroperú network had grown to include many Latin American destinations, and also the US cities of New York and Los Angeles due to their large Latino populations. In July 1981, Aeroperú was gradually privatized, with the Peruvian government keeping a 20% minority share. In 1982, plans were made for a merger with Faucett Perú, the other large Peruvian passenger airline at that time. As a preparatory measure, redundancies in the route networks of the two airlines were eliminated, to which end Aeroperú suspended flights to a number of destinations, including Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, New York City and Los Angeles. No further steps were taken towards merging the two airlines, and so in 1983 flights to several destinations recommenced. A bilateral air traffic agreement between Peru and the United States expired on 11 November 1983. Because of disagreements over the granting of fifth freedom rights, all flights between the two countries were suspended in May 1984 until mid-1985, which affected Aeroperú's Lima-Miami route. In 1993, Aeroméxico acquired 70% of the shares worth $54 million, thus making Aeroperú its subsidiary. Subsequently, two Boeing 757-200s were transferred, allowing Aeroperú to replace their ageing DC-8s. In 1996, 47% of Aeroperú was transferred to Cintra, the parent company of Aeroméxico and Mexicana de Aviación. In 1998, Delta Air Lines became a major shareholder of Aeroperú, when they acquired a 35% stake in the airline. The agreement saw Cintra reducing their share to an equal 35%.

Aeroperú was forced to suspend all flight operations on March 10, 1999. According to general director Jaan Albrecht, Aeroperu's debt by 1999 had reached $174 million, while the airline's tangible assets were worth only $50 million. Several plans for a relaunch were made, which included a possible buy-in of Continental Airlines or a takeover by a group of foreign investors. None of these materialized, and Aeroperú was liquidated on August 18, 1999. Most of its route network as well as the role of Peruvian flag carrier was taken over by newly founded LAN Perú.

## Destinations

With Jorge Chavez International Airport being its most important hub, Aeroperú maintained an extensive domestic route network. International flights were offered to a number of cities in Latin America, as well as the United States.

## Fleet

Over the years, Aeroperú operated the following aircraft types:

Aeroperú fleet
| Aircraft | Total | Introduced | Retired | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Boeing 727-100 | 8 | 1974 | 1998 |  |
| Boeing 727-200 | 9 | 1993 | 1999 |  |
| Boeing 737-200 | 4 | 1998 | 1999 |  |
| Boeing 757-200 | 4 | 1994 | 1999 | One Destroyed In Flight 603 |
| Boeing 767-200 | 1 | 1990 | 1990 | Leased from Britannia Airways |
| Douglas C-47 Skytrain | 3 | 1973 | Unknown |  |
| Douglas DC-8-43 | 1 | 1978 | 1978 | Leased from Air Jamaica |
| Douglas DC-8-51 | 3 | 1976 | 1981 | |
| Douglas DC-8-53 | 3 | 1974 | 1976 |  |
| Douglas DC-8-61 | 1 | 1992 | 1994 |  |
| Douglas DC-8-62H | 5 | 1988 | 1994 |  |
| Douglas DC-8-63 | 1 | 1990 | 1992 |  |
| Fokker F-27 Friendship | 3 | 1974 | 1984 |  |
| Fokker F-28 Fellowship | 4 | 1973 | 1998 |  |
| McDonnell Douglas DC-10-15 | 3 | 1993 | 1997 | Leased from Mexicana de Aviación |
| McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 | 1 | 1994 | 1995 | Leased from Canadian Airlines |
| Lockheed L-1011 Tristar | 2 | 1978 | 1982 | Leased from Lockheed Corporation |
| | 1 | 1991 | 1992 | Jointly operated by Faucett Perú |
|

## Accidents and incidents

* On October 25, 1988, in Aeroperú Flight 772, a Fokker F28 Fellowship (registered OB-R-1020) took off at Inca Manco Cápac International Airport for a domestic flight to Arequipa, but failed to obtain any substantial height. Subsequently, the aircraft hit the ground and broke up. 11 of the 65 passengers on board were killed, as well as one crew member.
* On October 2, 1996, at 01:11 local time, Aeroperú Flight 603, a Boeing 757-200 (registered N52AW) was en route from Lima to Santiago de Chile when it crashed into the Pacific Ocean. All 70 people on board died in the crash. Investigators revealed that during earlier maintenance work, a protective tape covering the static ports of the airplane had not been removed, which resulted in incorrect instrument data being delivered to the pilots during the accident flight.

## InfoBox

Aeroperú
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| IATA ICAO Call sign  PL PLI AEROPERÚ | |
| Founded | May 22, 1973 (1973-05-22) |
| Commenced operations | October 3, 1973 (1973-10-03) |
| Ceased operations | August 18, 1999 (1999-08-18) |
| Hubs | Jorge Chávez International Airport |
| Focus cities | El Dorado International Airport <br>(late 1990s) |
| Frequent-flyer program | Club Premier |
| Fleet size | 22 (at time of closure) |
| Destinations | 34 (at time of closure) |
| Parent company | Aeroméxico |
| Headquarters | Lima, Peru |
| Employees | 1,500 |
| Website | www.aeroperu.com.pe |


title: Anette Hovind Johansen

abstract: Anette Hovind Johansen is a Norwegian handball player. She played for Nordstrand and for the Danish club GOG Svendborg TGI. She made her debut on the Norwegian national team in 2000, and played 99 matches and scored 231 goals for the national team between 2000 and 2008. She is European champion from 2006. She received a silver medal at the 2007 World Women's Handball Championship.

text:
# Anette Hovind Johansen

**Anette Hovind Johansen** (born 24 March 1980) is a Norwegian handball player. She played for Nordstrand and for the Danish club *GOG Svendborg TGI*.

She made her debut on the Norwegian national team in 2000, and played 99 matches and scored 231 goals for the national team between 2000 and 2008. She is European champion from 2006. She received a silver medal at the 2007 World Women's Handball Championship.

## InfoBox

| Anette Hovind Johansen | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Born | (1980-03-24) 24 March 1980 | | |
| Nationality | Norwegian | | |
| Senior clubs | | | |
| Years | **Team** | | |
|  | Nordstrand | | |
|  | GOG Svendborg TGI | | |
| National team | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2000–2008 | Norway | 99 | (231) |
| Medal record      Representing  Norway  Women's handball  World Championship  2007 France  Team competition  European Championship  2006 Sweden  Team competition  2002 Denmark  Team competition | | | |


title: American Car Company

abstract: The American Car Company was a streetcar manufacturing company based in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. It was one of the country's leading streetcar builders during the heyday of streetcar operation. The company was founded in 1891 by William Sutton and Emil Alexander, who had previously founded the Laclede Car Company in 1883 also in St. Louis, and had both got their start working in the streetcar business at St. Louis' horsecar manufacturer, the Brownell Car Company. The American Car Company was a builder of electric powered streetcars. ACC was bought out by the J. G. Brill Company of Philadelphia in 1902. However, Brill continued to operate the American Car Co. under its own name until 1931, when it was reorganized as J. G. Brill of Missouri. In 1915, American Car built the very first Birney-type trolley, the prototype of a new design then known as the "Safety Car", and went on to build more Birney cars than any other manufacturer. The Fort Collins Municipal Railway, in Colorado, and the Fort Smith Trolley Museum, in Arkansas, are examples of operations where preserved Birney cars built by the American Car Company can still be seen running today. In 1931, only four months after parent company J. G. Brill discontinued use of the American Car Company name, the ex-ACC factory in St. Louis closed permanently.

text:
# American Car Company

The **American Car Company** was a streetcar manufacturing company based in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. It was one of the country's leading streetcar builders during the heyday of streetcar operation. The company was founded in 1891 by William Sutton and Emil Alexander, who had previously founded the Laclede Car Company in 1883 also in St. Louis, and had both got their start working in the streetcar business at St. Louis' horsecar manufacturer, the Brownell Car Company.

The American Car Company was a builder of electric powered streetcars. ACC was bought out by the J. G. Brill Company of Philadelphia in 1902. However, Brill continued to operate the American Car Co. under its own name until 1931, when it was reorganized as J. G. Brill of Missouri.

In 1915, American Car built the very first Birney-type trolley, the prototype of a new design then known as the "Safety Car", and went on to build more Birney cars than any other manufacturer. The Fort Collins Municipal Railway, in Colorado, and the Fort Smith Trolley Museum, in Arkansas, are examples of operations where preserved Birney cars built by the American Car Company can still be seen running today.

In 1931, only four months after parent company J. G. Brill discontinued use of the American Car Company name, the ex-ACC factory in St. Louis closed permanently.

## InfoBox

American Car Company
| Company type | Subsidiary |
| --- | --- |
| Industry | Rail transport |
| Founded | 1804 (1804) |
| Defunct | 1931 |
| Fate | Defunct |
| Headquarters | St. Louis, Missouri, USA |
| Area served | Worldwide |
| Products | Locomotives
High-speed trains
Intercity and commuter trains
Trams
People movers
Signalling systems |


title: Ammalo

abstract: Ammalo is a genus of moths in the subtribe Phaegopterina in the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1855.

text:
# Ammalo

***Ammalo*** is a genus of moths in the subtribe Phaegopterina in the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1855.

## Species

## InfoBox

| *Ammalo* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Ammalo helops* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Subfamily: | Arctiinae |
| Subtribe: | Phaegopterina |
| Genus: | *Ammalo*<br>Walker, 1855 |
|


title: Ammalo ammaloides

abstract: Ammalo ammaloides is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Walter Rothschild in 1909. It is found in Peru and Suriname.

text:
# Ammalo ammaloides

***Ammalo ammaloides*** is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Walter Rothschild in 1909. It is found in Peru and Suriname.

## InfoBox

| *Ammalo ammaloides* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Adult | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Subfamily: | Arctiinae |
| Genus: | *Ammalo* |
| Species: | ***A. ammaloides*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Ammalo ammaloides***<br>(Rothschild, 1909) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Elysius ammaloides* Rothschild, 1909 | |


title: 1909 Rock Island Independents season

abstract: The 1909 Rock Island Independents season was the team's third year in existence. The season resulted in the team posting a 0–3 record.

text:
# 1909 Rock Island Independents season

The **1909 Rock Island Independents season** was the team's third year in existence. The season resulted in the team posting a 0–3 record.

## Schedule

| Game | Date | Opponent | Result | Record |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | October 3 | at Rock Island Maroons | **L** 0–51 | 0–1 |
| 2 | October 10 | at Moline West Ends | **L** 0–46 | 0–2 |
| 3 | October 17 | at Moline East Ends | **L** 0–41 | 0–3 |

* "1909 R.I. Independents". RockIslandIndependents.com. Retrieved March 30, 2012.

## InfoBox

| 1909 Rock Island Independents season | |
| --- | --- |
| Home field | Island City Park |
| Results | |
| Record | 0–3 |
|