title: 1975 World Figure Skating Championships

abstract: The 1975 World Figure Skating Championships were held in Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA from March 4 to 8. At the event, sanctioned by the International Skating Union, medals were awarded in men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. The ISU Representative was Jacques Favart of France and the ISU Technical Delegate was Hermann Schiechtl of West Germany. Men's compulsory figures were performed on March 4 at 8 am and ladies' figures took place the next day. The number of figures executed by each skater had been reduced from six to three.

text:
# 1975 World Figure Skating Championships

The 1975 **World Figure Skating Championships** were held in Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA from March 4 to 8. At the event, sanctioned by the International Skating Union, medals were awarded in men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.

The ISU Representative was Jacques Favart of France and the ISU Technical Delegate was Hermann Schiechtl of West Germany.

Men's compulsory figures were performed on March 4 at 8 am and ladies' figures took place the next day. The number of figures executed by each skater had been reduced from six to three.

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Soviet Union (URS) | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| 2 | Netherlands (NED) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 3 | United States (USA) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 4 | East Germany (GDR) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 5 | Great Britain (GBR) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Totals (5 entries) | | 4 | 4 | 4 | 12 |

## Results

### Men

| Rank | Name | Nation | CP | SP | FP | Placings |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | Sergei Volkov | Soviet Union | 1 | 6 | 4 | 13 |
| **2** | Vladimir Kovalev | Soviet Union | 3 | 4 | 3 | 27 |
| **3** | John Curry | United Kingdom | 2 | 2 | 5 | 23 |
| 4 | Toller Cranston | Canada | 4 | 3 | 2 | 29 |
| 5 | Gordon McKellen Jr. | United States | 5 | 5 | 7 | 48 |
| 6 | Yuri Ovchinnikov | Soviet Union | 9 | 1 | 6 | 53 |
| 7 | Terry Kubicka | United States | 11 | 7 | 1 | 61 |
| 8 | Ron Shaver | Canada | 6 | 9 | 9 | 76 |
| 9 | László Vajda | Hungary | 9 | 10 | 10 | 81 |
| 10 | Minoru Sano | Japan | 10 | 8 | 8 | 86 |
| 11 | Zdeněk Pazdírek | Czechoslovakia | 7 | 12 | 17 | 108 |
| 12 | Robin Cousins | United Kingdom | 15 | 11 | 11 | 114 |
| 13 | Didier Gailhaguet | France | 12 | 13 | 14 | 114 |
| 14 | Bernd Wunderlich | East Germany | 13 | 16 | 15 | 129 |
| 15 | Ronald Koppelent | Austria | 16 | 14 | 12 | 132 |
| 16 | Mitsuru Matsumura | Japan | 17 | 17 | 13 | 145 |
| 17 | František Pechar | Czechoslovakia | 14 | 15 | 18 | 147 |
| 18 | Robert Rubens | Canada | 18 | 18 | 16 | 153 |
| 19 | Gilles Beyer | France | 19 | 19 | 21 | 173 |
| 20 | Paul Cechmanek | Luxembourg | 20 | 21 | 20 | 180 |
| 21 | William Schober | Australia | 22 | 20 | 19 | 187 |
| 22 | Flemming Söderquist | Denmark | 21 | 22 | 22 | 198 |

Referee:

Assistant Referee:

Judges:

Substitute judge:

### Ladies

| Rank | Name | Nation | CP | SP | FP | Placings |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | Dianne de Leeuw | Netherlands | 1 | 1 | 2 | 9 |
| **2** | Dorothy Hamill | United States | 5 | 6 | 1 | 25 |
| **3** | Christine Errath | East Germany | 6 | 2 | 4 | 31 |
| 4 | Wendy Burge | United States | 8 | 5 | 3 | 36 |
| 5 | Kath Malmberg | United States | 4 | 4 | 10 | 46 |
| 6 | Isabel de Navarre | West Germany | 3 | 7 | 8 | 53 |
| 7 | Lynn Nightingale | Canada | 13 | 3 | 5 | 56 |
| 8 | Anett Pötzsch | East Germany | 10 | 10 | 7 | 78 |
| 9 | Susanna Driano | Italy | 11 | 9 | 6 | 81 |
| 10 | Marion Weber | East Germany | 7 | 17 | 12 | 92 |
| 11 | Liana Drahová | Czechoslovakia | 9 | 12 | 14 | 104 |
| 12 | Kim Alletson | Canada | 14 | 11 | 9 | 107 |
| 13 | Emi Watanabe | Japan | 17 | 13 | 11 | 114 |
| 14 | Gerti Schanderl | West Germany | 15 | 8 | 13 | 118 |
| 15 | Liudmila Bakonina | Soviet Union | 21 | 16 | 15 | 136 |
| 16 | Sonja Balun | Austria | 12 | 20 | 19 | 148 |
| 17 | Dagmar Lurz | West Germany | 20 | 14 | 16 | 159 |
| 18 | Hana Knapová | Czechoslovakia | 24 | 19 | 17 | 166 |
| 19 | Marie-Claude Bierre | France | 25 | 15 | 18 | 168 |
| 20 | Gail Keddie | United Kingdom | 16 | 22 | 23 | 192 |
| 21 | Karin Iten | Switzerland | 2 | 27 | 27 | 194 |
| 22 | Yun Hyo-jean | South Korea | 23 | 18 | 21 | 196 |
| 23 | Evi Köpfli | Switzerland | 19 | 21 | 24 | 203 |
| 24 | Michelle Haider | Switzerland | 22 | 25 | 20 | 205 |
| 25 | Sharon Burley | Australia | 18 | 23 | 26 | 2 11 |
| 26 | Anne-Marie Verlaan | Netherlands | 26 | 24 | 25 | 232 |
| 27 | Sophie Verlaan | Netherlands | 27 | 26 | 22 | 240 |

Referee:

Assistant Referee:

Judges:

Substitute judge:

### Pairs

| Rank | Name | Nation | SP | FP | Placings |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | Irina Rodnina / Alexander Zaitsev | Soviet Union | 1 | 1 | 9 |
| **2** | Romy Kermer / Rolf Österreich | East Germany | 2 | 2 | 19 |
| **3** | Manuela Groß / Uwe Kagelmann | East Germany | 4 | 3 | 27 |
| 4 | Irina Vorobieva / Alexander Vlasov | Soviet Union | 3 | 4 | 37 |
| 5 | Marina Leonidova / Vladimir Bogolyubov | Soviet Union | 6 | 5 | 51 |
| 6 | Melissa Militano / Johnny Johns | United States | 5 | 7 | 57 |
| 7 | Kerstin Stolfig / Veit Kempe | East Germany | 7 | 6 | 55 |
| 8 | Karin Künzle / Christian Künzle | Switzerland | 9 | 8 | 71 |
| 9 | Corinna Halke / Eberhard Rausch | West Germany | 8 | 9 | 84 |
| 10 | Tai Babilonia / Randy Gardner | United States | 10 | 10 | 90 |
| 11 | Candace Jones / Don Fraser | Canada | 11 | 11 | 98 |
| 12 | Ursula Nemec / Michael Nemec | Austria | 13 | 12 | 109 |
| 13 | Grażyna Kostrzewińska / Adam Brodecki | Poland | 12 | 13 | 113 |
| 14 | Kathy Hutchinson / Jamie McGrigor | Canada | 14 | 14 | 125 |

Referee:

Assistant Referee:

Judges:

Substitute judge:

### Ice dancing

| Rank | Name | Nation | CD | FD | Placings |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | Irina Moiseeva / Andrei Minenkov | Soviet Union | 2 | 1 | 13 |
| **2** | Colleen O'Connor / Jim Millns | United States | 1 | 2 | 19 |
| **3** | Hilary Green / Glyn Watts | United Kingdom | 4 | 3 | 30 |
| 4 | Natalia Linichuk / Gennadi Karponosov | Soviet Union | 3 | 4 | 36 |
| 5 | Matilde Ciccia / Lamberto Ceserani | Italy | 5 | 5 | 44 |
| 6 | Krisztina Regőczy / András Sallay | Hungary | 6 | 6 | 48 |
| 7 | Teresa Weyna / Piotr Bojańczyk | Poland | 8 | 8 | 71 |
| 8 | Janet Thompson / Warren Maxwell | United Kingdom | 7 | 9 | 71 |
| 9 | Barbara Berezowski / David Porter | Canada | 9 | 7 | 78 |
| 10 | Eva Peštová / Jiři Pokorný | Czechoslovakia | 10 | 10 | 94 |
| 11 | Kay Barsdell / Kenneth Foster | United Kingdom | 11 | 11 | 101 |
| 12 | Judi Genovesi / Kent Weigle | United States | 12 | 12 | 104 |
| 13 | Susan Carscallen / Eric Gillies | Canada | 13 | 13 | 110 |
| 14 | Halina Gordon / Wojciech Bankowski | Poland | 14 | 14 | 126 |

Referee:

Assistant Referee:

Judges:

## Sources

* Result list provided by the ISU

## InfoBox

| 1975 World Figure Skating Championships | |
| --- | --- |
| Type: | ISU Championship |
| Date: | March 4 – 8 |
| Season: | 1974–75 |
| Location: | Colorado Springs, USA |
| Venue: | Broadmoor World Arena |
| Champions | |
| Men's singles:
Sergei Volkov | |
| Ladies' singles:
Dianne de Leeuw | |
| Pairs:
Irina Rodnina / Alexander Zaitsev | |
| Ice dance:
Irina Moiseeva / Andrei Minenkov | |
|  | |
| Previous:
1974 World Championships | |
| Next:
1976 World Championships | |


abstract: The men's 800 metres competition at the 2018 Asian Games took place on 27 and 28 August 2018 at the Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, Jakarta, Indonesia.

text:
# Athletics at the 2018 Asian Games – Men's 800 metres

The **men's 800 metres** competition at the 2018 Asian Games took place on 27 and 28 August 2018 at the Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, Jakarta, Indonesia.

## Schedule

All times are Western Indonesia Time (UTC+07:00)

| Date | Time | Event |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Monday, 27 August 2018 | 20:05 | Round 1 |
| Tuesday, 28 August 2018 | 19:40 | Final |

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing world, Asian and Games records were as follows.

| **World Record** | David Rudisha (KEN) | **1:40.91** | London, United Kingdom | 9 August 2012 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Asian Record** | Yusuf Saad Kamel (BRN) | **1:42.79** | Monaco | 29 July 2008 |
| **Games Record** | Sajjad Moradi (IRI) | **1:45.45** | Guangzhou, China | 25 November 2010 |

## Results

Legend * **DNF** — Did not finish

### Round 1

* **Qualification:** First 2 in each heat (**Q**) and the next 2 fastest (**q**) advance to the final.

#### Heat 1

| Rank | Athlete | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Jinson Johnson (IND) | 1:47.39 | Q |
| 2 | Jamal Hairane (QAT) | 1:47.45 | Q |
| 3 | Indunil Herath (SRI) | 1:47.54 | q |
| 4 | Sho Kawamoto (JPN) | 1:48.07 | q |
| 5 | Li Junlin (CHN) | 1:48.74 |  |
| 6 | Dương Văn Thái (VIE) | 1:49.79 |  |
| 7 | Marco Vilog (PHI) | 1:50.75 |  |
| 8 | Odilshoh Ismatov (TJK) | 1:51.80 |  |
| 9 | Asyeikhany Akhyt (MGL) | 1:53.89 |  |

#### Heat 2

| Rank | Athlete | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Abraham Rotich (BRN) | 1:48.24 | Q |
| 2 | Amir Moradi (IRI) | 1:48.31 | Q |
| 3 | Takumi Murashima (JPN) | 1:48.86 |  |
| 4 | Musulman Dzholomanov (KGZ) | 1:50.28 |  |
| 5 | Saud Al-Zaabi (UAE) | 1:50.94 |  |
| 6 | Wempy Pelamonia (INA) | 1:54.53 |  |
| 7 | Gal-Erdenegiin Odkhüü (MGL) | 1:55.07 |  |
| 8 | Oh Jae-won (KOR) | 1:59.58 |  |
| 9 | Manuel Belo (TLS) | 2:02.40 |  |

#### Heat 3

| Rank | Athlete | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Abubaker Haydar Abdalla (QAT) | 1:48.25 | Q |
| 2 | Manjit Singh (IND) | 1:48.64 | Q |
| 3 | Ihab Jabbar (IRQ) | 1:48.87 |  |
| 4 | Som Bahadur Kumal (NEP) | 1:50.25 |  |
| 5 | Khurshidjon Akhmadaliev (UZB) | 1:51.49 |  |
| 6 | Mayouf Hassan (UAE) | 1:52.02 |  |
| 7 | Budiman Holle (INA) | 1:52.38 |  |
| 8 | Yothin Yaprajan (THA) | 1:53.71 |  |
|  | Sadik Mikhou (BRN) | DNF |  |

### Final

| Rank | Athlete | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Manjit Singh (IND) | 1:46.15 |  |
|  | Jinson Johnson (IND) | 1:46.35 |  |
|  | Abubaker Haydar Abdalla (QAT) | 1:46.38 |  |
| 4 | Amir Moradi (IRI) | 1:46.55 |  |
| 5 | Abraham Rotich (BRN) | 1:47.05 |  |
| 6 | Jamal Hairane (QAT) | 1:49.05 |  |
| 7 | Sho Kawamoto (JPN) | 1:50.87 |  |
| 8 | Indunil Herath (SRI) | 1:51.36 |  |

## InfoBox

| Men's 800 metres <br>at the 2018 Asian Games | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Gelora Bung Karno Stadium |
| Date | 27–28 August |
| Competitors | 27 from 20 nations |
| Medalists | |
| India  India  Qatar | |
|


title: Arabia Deserta

abstract: Arabia Deserta, also known as Arabia Magna, signified the desert interior of the Arabian Peninsula. In ancient times, this land was populated by nomadic Bedouin tribes who frequently invaded richer lands, such as Mesopotamia and Arabia Felix. Arabia Deserta was one of three regions into which the Romans divided the Arabian peninsula: Arabia Deserta, Arabia Felix, and Arabia Petraea. As a name for the region, it remained popular into the 19th and 20th centuries, and was used in Charles M. Doughty's Travels in Arabia Deserta (1888).

text:
# Arabia Deserta

**Arabia Deserta** (Latin meaning "Abandoned/Deserted Arabia"), also known as **Arabia Magna** ("Great Arabia"), signified the desert interior of the Arabian Peninsula. In ancient times, this land was populated by nomadic Bedouin tribes who frequently invaded richer lands, such as Mesopotamia and Arabia Felix.

Arabia Deserta was one of three regions into which the Romans divided the Arabian peninsula: *Arabia Deserta* (or *Arabia Magna*), *Arabia Felix*, and *Arabia Petraea*. As a name for the region, it remained popular into the 19th and 20th centuries, and was used in Charles M. Doughty's *Travels in Arabia Deserta* (1888).

## Bibliography

* G.W. Bowersock, "The three Arabias in Ptolemy's geography" and "Arabs and Saracens in the *Historia Augusta*" in G.W. Bowersock, *Studies on the Eastern Roman Empire*, Goldbach, 1994.
* F. Millar, *The Roman Near East*, London, 1994, pp. 514 ff.


abstract: The women's 800 metres event at the 2015 Summer Universiade was held on 8, 9 and 10 July at the Gwangju Universiade Main Stadium.

text:
# Athletics at the 2015 Summer Universiade – Women's 800 metres

The **women's 800 metres** event at the **2015 Summer Universiade** was held on 8, 9 and 10 July at the Gwangju Universiade Main Stadium.

## Medalists

| **Gold** | **Silver** | **Bronze** |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Angie Petty
*New Zealand* | Simoya Campbell
*Jamaica* | Fabienne Kohlmann
*Germany* |

## Results

### Heats

Qualification: First 3 in each heat (Q) and next 4 fastest (q) qualified for the semifinals.

| Rank | Heat | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 4 | Angie Petty | New Zealand | 2:03.85 | Q |
| 2 | 3 | Natalia Evangelidou | Cyprus | 2:04.18 | Q |
| 3 | 2 | Fabienne Kohlmann | Germany | 2:04.34 | Q |
| 4 | 3 | Simoya Campbell | Jamaica | 2:04.52 | Q |
| 5 | 3 | Paulina Mikiewicz | Poland | 2:04.60 | Q |
| 6 | 4 | Docus Ajok | Uganda | 2:04.70 | Q, SB |
| 7 | 3 | Katherine Camp | New Zealand | 2:04.74 | q, SB |
| 8 | 2 | Mariya Nikolayeva | Russia | 2:04.98 | Q |
| 9 | 4 | Lindsey Butterworth | Canada | 2:05.05 | Q |
| 10 | 1 | Eglė Balčiūnaitė | Lithuania | 2:05.12 | Q |
| 10 | 2 | Natalja Piliušina | Lithuania | 2:05.12 | Q |
| 12 | 4 | Nataliya Grigoryeva | Russia | 2:05.34 | q |
| 13 | 1 | Ciara Everard | Ireland | 2:05.36 | Q |
| 14 | 1 | Anuscha Nice | South Africa | 2:05.47 | Q |
| 15 | 2 | Alissa Martinez | United States | 2:05.34 | q |
| 16 | 1 | Rachel Aubry | Canada | 2:06.67 | q |
| 17 | 4 | Suzanne Voorrips | Netherlands | 2:07.57 |  |
| 18 | 1 | Susan Aneno | Uganda | 2:09.28 |  |
| 19 | 3 | Kimberly Mackay | United States | 2:10.70 |  |
| 20 | 1 | Mateja Pokrivač | Slovenia | 2:11.38 | PB |
| 21 | 2 | Zhang Gui | China | 2:11.68 |  |
| 22 | 3 | Kelly Nevolihhin | Estonia | 2:11.87 | SB |
| 23 | 4 | Christina Toogood | Norway | 2:13.17 |  |
| 24 | 2 | Martine Borge | Norway | 2:14.06 |  |
| 25 | 3 | María Luisa Garrido | Venezuela | 2:15.44 |  |
| 26 | 4 | Dorotea Rebernik | Slovenia | 2:15.85 |  |
| 27 | 2 | Sebenzile Simelane | Swaziland | 2:50.80 |  |
| 28 | 2 | Madina Andjayi Keita | Gabon | 2:53.36 |  |
|  | 1 | Memory Remadji Mbaiba | Chad | DNS |  |

### Semifinals

Qualification: First 3 in each heat (Q) and the next 2 fastest (q) qualified for the final.

| Rank | Heat | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 2 | Angie Petty | New Zealand | 2:00.74 | Q |
| 2 | 2 | Eglė Balčiūnaitė | Lithuania | 2:01.63 | Q, SB |
| 3 | 2 | Rachel Aubry | Canada | 2:01.98 | Q, PB |
| 4 | 2 | Ciara Everard | Ireland | 2:02.10 | q |
| 5 | 1 | Fabienne Kohlmann | Germany | 2:02.99 | Q |
| 6 | 1 | Simoya Campbell | Jamaica | 2:03.10 | Q |
| 7 | 1 | Mariya Nikolayeva | Russia | 2:03.29 | Q, PB |
| 8 | 2 | Lindsey Butterworth | Canada | 2:03.38 | q |
| 9 | 2 | Nataliya Grigoryeva | Russia | 2:03.41 |  |
| 10 | 1 | Natalia Evangelidou | Cyprus | 2:03.62 |  |
| 11 | 1 | Anuscha Nice | South Africa | 2:03.65 | PB |
| 12 | 1 | Natalja Piliušina | Lithuania | 2:04.84 |  |
| 13 | 1 | Paulina Mikiewicz | Poland | 2:04.97 |  |
| 14 | 2 | Katherine Camp | New Zealand | 2:05.00 |  |
| 15 | 1 | Alissa Martinez | United States | 2:07.31 |  |
|  | 2 | Docus Ajok | Uganda | DQ | R163.3 |

### Final

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Angie Petty | New Zealand | 1:59.06 | PB |
|  | Simoya Campbell | Jamaica | 1:59.26 | PB |
|  | Fabienne Kohlmann | Germany | 1:59.54 | PB |
| 4 | Eglė Balčiūnaitė | Lithuania | 2:00.21 | SB |
| 5 | Rachel Aubry | Canada | 2:02.17 |  |
| 6 | Ciara Everard | Ireland | 2:02.46 |  |
| 7 | Lindsey Butterworth | Canada | 2:03.96 |  |
| 8 | Mariya Nikolayeva | Russia | 2:04.05 |  |


title: Australian High Tech Crime Centre

abstract: The Australian High Tech Crime Centre (AHTCC) are hosted by the Australian Federal Police (AFP) at their headquarters in Canberra. Under the auspices of the AFP, the AHTCC is party to the formal Joint Operating Arrangement established between the AFP, the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation and the Computer Network Vulnerability Team of the Australian Signals Directorate. The AHTCC is an Australian-wide policing initiative to coordinate the efforts of Australian law enforcement in combating serious, complex and multi-jurisdictional Internet-based crimes, particularly those beyond the capability of individual police agencies in Australia. Other roles include protecting the information infrastructure of Australia, and providing information to other law enforcement to help combat online crime. Technological advancements, and greater internet accessibility, has seen a growth in cyber criminality. The Australian Federal Police have established the Australian High Tech Crime Centre to prevent such crimes from occurring in the digital space. State and community police work in corporation with the AFP to combat cyber crime.

text:
# Australian High Tech Crime Centre

The Australian High Tech Crime Centre (AHTCC) are hosted by the Australian Federal Police (AFP) at their headquarters in Canberra. Under the auspices of the AFP, the AHTCC is party to the formal Joint Operating Arrangement established between the AFP, the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation and the Computer Network Vulnerability Team of the Australian Signals Directorate.

The **AHTCC** is an Australian-wide policing initiative to coordinate the efforts of Australian law enforcement in combating serious, complex and multi-jurisdictional Internet-based crimes, particularly those beyond the capability of individual police agencies in Australia. Other roles include protecting the information infrastructure of Australia, and providing information to other law enforcement to help combat online crime.

Technological advancements, and greater internet accessibility, has seen a growth in cyber criminality. The Australian Federal Police have established the **Australian High Tech Crime Centre** to prevent such crimes from occurring in the digital space. State and community police work in corporation with the AFP to combat cyber crime.

## Overview

Technology and its advancements, including greater and broader internet accessibility, have boosted cybercrime. The AFP established the AHTCC to cease and prevent online fraudulent behaviour. State and community police work incorporation with the AFP to combat digital crime.

AHTCC was established in July 2003, to investigate online fraudulent matters and is currently directed by Kevin Zuccato. The AHTCC, today, continues to fight against cybercrime. Commonwealth Laws outline the Cybercrime regulations in Australia.

Cybercrime is defined by the AFP as “crimes directed at computers or other information communications technologies (ICTs) (such as computer intrusions and denial of service attacks), and crimes where computers or ICTs are an integral part of an offence (such as online fraud)”.

Digital attacks are often conducted by cyber adversaries, who are individuals or groups of people that specialize in conducting cyberattacks, online crime and malicious activity. Their activities destroy online businesses and networks and can compromise public or private data.

Malicious cyber activity is a risk for organisations and governments, including but not limited to, businesses that hold public data. In 1991, the World-wide-web was developed and shared. This allowed crime to occur through the internet, as well as offline. Online interactions and user relationships have heightened the ability of cybercrime to manifest and spread.

AHTCC's main role is to ‘discover levels of online criminal activity’ and to undertake necessary measures to prevent or combat digital crime (Platypus, 2009, p. 7). AHTCC has partnered with large corporations, and work's alongside Australia's policing system to effectively manage web-based criminal schemes. The AFP conduct initiatives, like publishing reports that detail how the public should prevent cybercrime. These reports educate businesses on the possible threats of online transactions, customer communications, and other digital tools. The AHTCC's website has a section for victims of digital offences to report and request help from the federal police.

Notably, AHTCC has mitigated online criminality and effectively maintained a high level of mediation for cybercrime prevention. The AHTCC deals with different groups of cybercrime including but not limited to, hackers, viruses, scammers, identity thieves, and online terrorists. In 2008, the AFP launched the High Tech Crimes Operations (HTCO) to investigate Child sex crimes and digital acts of child exploitation. The exploitation of children online continues to be an issue globally.

The AFP has several organisations that deal with online criminality. The Australian Cyber Security Centre (ACSC), which is operated by the Australian Government, specialises in digital safety and security and works closely with the AHTCC to fight cybercrime. The ACSC allows the public and private to join forces to resolving cyber threats and possible attacks. The AFP also work with Defense Signals Directorate (DSD) and the Australian Security Intelligence Organization (ASIO) to effectively manage cyber-attacks that would harm Australia's business environment and public sphere.

## History

The AHTCC was established in 2003, as a response to the rapid rise in digital usage and technological capabilities. The growth in Internet potential provided new capacities for criminals to engage in online fraudulent activities. Cybercrime has been existent since 1978 when the internet was first established and dispersed. Security systems have realised the need for continuous data moderation, and the monitoring of user activity online and offline. With the rise of e-commerce transactions a ‘dark’ web/ ‘black market’ has emerged and targets users of internet.

In 2003, at the beginning of the AHTCC, the centre had a budget of $4 million per annum and was operated by 13 staff, currently, the AFP has 258 staff working in technology and innovation and 319 in the security sector, with a total of 6695 staff across the board.

The AHTCC and the AFP have adapted their work in line with the rise in web use. In 1991, the police were able to make video and audio records of interviews, as a new wave of digital records emerged. To this day, the AFP is extremely present online, focusing on detecting criminals before they know they have been detected (AFP, 2020). Cybercrime prevention is an expensive exercise for the AFP. As of 2013, there were an estimated 10 billion devices connected to the internet, and with this increasing digital usage, comes more targeted attacks and criminal possibilities. The security software company, Symantec Corporation, estimates that, in 2010, cybercrime cost US$388 billion in losses, globally. (Weber, 2014, p. 54).

The Cybercrime Act was introduced by the Australian Government in 2001, outlining online offences prohibited. Statistically, cybercrime is significantly impacting Australians. In 2015, 1 in 4 Australians reported being victims of Identity theft (Veda Report, 2015). In 2015, Australia had a significant data breach from overseas, an Australian Insurance company was the target of a cyberattack, in which criminals gained access to prohibited government systems and compromised the finances of notable businesses, damaging Australia's security systems. The AFP solved this. The AFP is working closely with Australians to avoid cybercrime. “Veda’s research from 2015 found that 95% of Australians were taking some kind of active precaution to protect their identity” (Veda Report, 2015).

## Australia's Approach

Australia follows the Commonwealth cybercrime regime, a legislative system that formed the CyberCrime Act 2011, an Act that considered computer crimes, traditional offline offences committed online, digital data misuse and other internet criminality. This Act has been amended, in 2012 it was changed to the Cybercrime Amendment Act, expanding its definition of cyber offences, as the online criminal possibilities broadened.

However, the current cybercrime policies in Australia, do not acknowledge ‘computer fraud’ as a criminal offence under the commonwealth law. ‘Given the borderless nature of cybercrime, it is an oversight to not have a national approach to computer related fraud’ (Weber, p. 68).

## Roles and Functions

Cybercrime takes numerous forms, including identity theft, digital scams, hacking, online fraud, and phishing. It is the role of the AHTCC in conjunction with the AFP and several other government corporations, to prevent and reduce criminal behaviour online.

The AFP is in a partnership with the Virtual Global Taskforce (VGT), which includes major countries and organisations, who join forces in combating cybercrime. Globally, they tackle international digital offences. Cybercrime is not just personal account hacking, but can involve breaching security of government cooperation's and networks, having a broader national impact.

The Australian Government established The Australian Cybercrime Online Reporting Network (ACORN) to allow victims of cybercrime to report the occurrences and likewise for organisations. In 2015, ACORN recorded 39, 491 cybercrime incidents, and similarly, "Australian Federal Police (AFP) Commander David McLean reported that, in one month alone, over 3,500 people had contacted police about perceived cyber-crime" (Broadhurst, 2017).

There is widespread dissemination of pornographic content on the internet. User anonymity is used to conduct this behaviour, as tracing the criminal behind the crime is difficult. Some estimates suggest that 20,000 images of child porn are posted online each week (Broadhurst, 2017). Importantly, the AHTCC is taking effect against child abuse material, which has continued to circulate on the internet. The Australian police are focusing closely on child predators, targeting criminals that are a threat to society, to keep the online community safe and free from malicious and dangerous offences. Users who access and choose to view illegal content online are considered in the eyes of the Australian Law, as guilty as those who publish the footage, and thus are not free from prosecution themselves. Educating the public on these offences is part of the Australian Government security initiatives.

Technologies are helping the AFP combat cybercrime. In April 2016, The Australian Prime Minister allocated resources and financial expenditure of A$230 million to fund cybercrime and security measures under the AHTCC operations. Funding is important for the safety of businesses and individuals.

## Notable Cases

The Australian Federal Police established the AHTCC to effectively control and manage cybercrime. The AFP has thus far, been successful in this field. According to the AFP, ‘over the past two years, more than 300 Australians have been arrested and charged in relation to the online sexual exploitation of children’ and concurrently, children posed as a risk to criminals were freed from danger and educated (AFP, 2020). A large part of cybercrime is Pedophilia. Organisations of International pedophiles use digital devices and platforms to exploit children, through strategies like webcams and online mechanisms like anonymity.

The AFP's budget is extensive, to cover a vast number of cybercrime cases and solutions. In 2014, An online Russian crime syndicate hacked Australian companies and accessed 500,000 Australian's financial details. The AHTCC arrested members of the gang, with seven criminals being in Victoria and thirteen in Spain. The AHTCC was responsible for combating this fraudulent activity effectively, avoiding the major crime from damaging the Australian economy and the broader national impact. The AHTCC is capable of managing domestic and international cybercrime and will work alongside large nations to develop plans of combat.

Recently, the AHTCC was highly successful in a case known as ‘Operation Carpo’, whereby a Western Australian man was prosecuted for withholding 56,000 credit card details, 53,000 usernames and passwords and 110,000 domain names. The success of this case, prevented several other organised cybercrime's in Australia (AFP).

## The Future

Australia is facing an increase in cyber criminality because of new technologies that can be defeated and maliciously targeted. The Australian Government continues to develop and improve its digital infrastructure and security, but loopholes are discovered by crime groups. In Australia, there is wealth and a high use of digital devices, which attracts criminality to our organisations and businesses. Further, there is a lack of information reported about cybercrime, which proposes difficulty for government bodies, like the AHTCC, to investigate and resolve the problem.

As technology continues to dominate the marketplace, the AHTCC will be vitally needed. The AFP will always require investigatory teams, such as the AHTCC to mitigate cyber criminality. The AFP declare that “Our ongoing commitment is to stay at least one step ahead of the criminals who are involved in any form of online crime” (AFP, 2020).

The Government, in 2016, introduced the Cyber Security Strategy, worth more than $230 million, to improve and maintain nation-wide digital security. One of the initiatives of this program was to increase the number of cyber security workers, and equip more professionals with the necessary tools and skills to uphold these qualifications. Institutions were set up to offer cybersecurity courses, and to ensure Australia remains at the front line with digital crime and technological advancements.

The director of AHTCC, Kevin Zuccato, works nationally with other countries to establish cyber-security on a global scale. The AHTCC is part of the Strategic Alliance Cyber Crime Working Group, which focuses on transnational cybercrime and building strong global relationships between countries and governments to combat world-wide cyber-attacks together.

The Australian Government has also implemented numerous measures and strategies to prevent cybercrime, including, but not limited to, risk reduction protocols, multi-stakeholder approaches to internet governing, internet neutrality, supporting human rights online, improve connectivity, technology innovation and digital-ready workforces.

All cyber defenders must work closely together to minimise cyber criminality. To do so, Australians and their businesses must report any security breached incidents to the Australian Federal Police, who will provide advice and assistance in preventing such crimes from occurring in the future. Further, the AFP requires the reporting of cybercrime offences as it provides needed information in order to seize all criminal behaviour online.

1. Australian Federal Police. (2020). *Cyber Crime*. Australia. Retrieved from https://www.afp.gov.au/what-we-do/crime-types/cyber-crime#What-is-Cybercrime
2. Australian Federal Police. (2020). *High Tech Crime: AFP casts a wide Net*. Australia.
3. Platypus Magazine. (2009, October). Fighting high tech crime. Retrieved from http://www5.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/AUFPPlatypus/2009/34.pdf.
4. Australian Cyber Security Centre. (2015). *Threat Report*. Australia. Retrieved from https://www.cyber.gov.au/sites/default/files/2020-04/ACSC\_Threat\_Report\_2015.pdf
5. Weber, D. (2014). The Cybernetic Sea: Australia's Approach to the Wave of Cybercrime. *QUT Law Review, 14*(2), 52-73.
6. Veda (2015). *Cybercrime and Fraud Report.* Australia. Retrieved from Equifax.
7. Broadhurst, Roderic (2017), "Cybercrime in Australia", *The Palgrave Handbook of Australian and New Zealand Criminology, Crime and Justice*, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 221–235, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55747-2\_15, ISBN 978-3-319-55746-5, retrieved 9 November 2020
8. Moor, K. (2017, July 23). Australian Federal Police foil Russian crime gang’s $570m cyber theft bid as nation loses $4.6 billion-a-year to computer crime. *The Herald Sun.* Retrieved from https://www.heraldsun.com.au.


title: Eulima subula

abstract: Eulima subula is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae. The species is one of a number within the genus Eulima.

text:
# Eulima subula

***Eulima subula*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae. The species is one of a number within the genus *Eulima*.

## InfoBox

| *Eulima subula* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Littorinimorpha |
| Family: | Eulimidae |
| Genus: | *Eulima* |
| Species: | ***E. subula*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Eulima subula***<br>d'Orbigny, 1852 | |
|


title: 1995–96 Liechtenstein Cup

abstract: The 1995–96 Liechtenstein Cup was the fifty-first season of Liechtenstein's annual cup competition. Seven clubs competed with a total of fourteen teams for one spot in the qualifying round of the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup. FC Vaduz were the defending champions.

text:
# 1995–96 Liechtenstein Cup

The **1995–96 Liechtenstein Cup** was the fifty-first season of Liechtenstein's annual cup competition. Seven clubs competed with a total of fourteen teams for one spot in the qualifying round of the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup. FC Vaduz were the defending champions.

## First round

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| FC Ruggell II | 0–3 () | **FC Triesen II** |
| FC Balzers II | 0–2 | **FC Triesenberg** |
| FC Triesenberg II | 0–5 | **FC Schaan** |
| USV Eschen/Mauren II | 0–9 | **FC Balzers** |
| **FC Schaan II** | 3–0 () | FC Ruggell |
| **FC Vaduz II** | 1–0 | FC Triesen |

## Quarterfinals

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| FC Triesenberg II | 0–4 | **USV Eschen/Mauren** |
| FC Vaduz II | 1–4 | **FC Schaan** |
| FC Schaan II | 0–8 | **FC Balzers** |
| FC Triesenberg | 0–6 | **FC Vaduz** |

## Semifinals

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **FC Vaduz** | 3–2 | FC Balzers |
| **USV Eschen/Mauren** | 3–2 | FC Schaan |

## Final

| FC Vaduz | 1–0 | USV Eschen/Mauren |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Pérez  46' |  |  |

Sportanlage Blumenau, TriesenAttendance: 650

## InfoBox

1995–96 Liechtenstein Cup
| Tournament details | |
| --- | --- |
| Country | Liechtenstein |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | FC Vaduz |
| Runner-up | USV Eschen/Mauren |
|  | |


abstract: The 1991 Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards Presentation was held in January 1992. It is part of the Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards Presentation series held in Hong Kong.

text:
# 1991 Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards Presentation

The **1991 Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards Presentation** (Chinese: 1991年度十大勁歌金曲頒獎典禮) was held in January 1992. It is part of the Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards Presentation series held in Hong Kong.

## Top 10 song awards

The top 10 songs (十大勁歌金曲) of 1991 are as follows.

| Song name in Chinese | Artist(s) |
| --- | --- |
| 每天愛妳多一些 | Jacky Cheung |
| 愛不完 | Andy Lau |
| 今夜你會不會來 | Leon Lai |
| 瘋了 | Sandy Lam |
| 一顆不變心 | Jacky Cheung |
| 不可不信緣 | Andy Lau |
| Lonely | Grasshopper
(Band members: Calvin Choy, Remus Choy, Edmond So) |
| 信自己 | Sally Yeh, Alex To |
| 對不起我愛您 | Leon Lai |
| 一起走過的日子 | Andy Lau |
|

## Additional awards

| Award | Song name
(if available for award) | Recipient(s) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **The Most Popular Mandarin Song Award** (最受歡迎國語歌曲獎) | | |
| **Gold award** (tie) | 夢醒時份 | Sarah Chen |
| | 愛上一個不回家的人 | Sandy Lam |
| **Silver award** | 我是不是該安靜的走開 | Aaron Kwok |
| **Bronze award** | 想念你 | Harlem Yu |
| **The Best Composition Award**
(最佳作曲獎) | 皇后大道東 |  |
| **The Best Lyric Award**
(最佳填詞獎) | 皇后大道東 |  |
| **The Best Music Arrangement Award**
(最佳編曲獎) | 頂天立地 | Tai Chi
(Band members: Albert Lui, Patrick Lui, Joey Tang,
Ernest Lau, Edde Sing, Ricky Chu, Gary Tong) |
| **The Best Song Producer Award**
(最佳歌曲監製獎) | 每天愛你多一些 |  |
| **The Best Music Video Award**
( 最佳音樂錄影帶獎 ) | 再生戀 |  |
| **The Most Popular New Artist Award** (最受歡迎新人獎) | | |
| **Gold award** | --- | Canti Lau |
| **Silver award** | --- | Rita Carpio |
| **Bronze award** | --- | Stephaine Lai (黎明诗) |
| **The Best Music Video Performance Award**
(最佳音樂錄影帶演出獎) | 信自己 | Sally Yeh, Alex To |
| **The Most Popular Male Artist Award**
(最受歡迎男歌星獎) | --- | Andy Lau |
| **The Most Popular Female Artist Award**
(最受歡迎女歌星獎) | --- | Sally Yeh |
| **Gold Song Gold Award**
(金曲金獎) | 每天愛你多一些 | Jacky Cheung |
| **Jade Solid Gold Honour Award**
( 金曲銀禧榮譽大獎 ) | --- | Alan Tam |
|


title: 1918 Rose Bowl

abstract: The 1918 Rose Bowl, known at the time as the Tournament East-West Football Game, was a bowl game played on January 1, 1918, at Tournament Park in Pasadena, California. It was the 4th Rose Bowl Game. With America at war, the game was played with players from the Mare Island Marines of California and the Camp Lewis Army from American Lake, Washington.

text:
# 1918 Rose Bowl

The **1918 Rose Bowl,** known at the time as the **Tournament East-West Football Game**, was a bowl game played on January 1, 1918, at Tournament Park in Pasadena, California. It was the 4th Rose Bowl Game. With America at war, the game was played with players from the Mare Island Marines of California and the Camp Lewis Army from American Lake, Washington.

## Game summary

Since the Rose Bowl game became so popular and most of the college football players were fighting overseas during World War I, the Pasadena Tournament of Roses decided to stage the game with military units, with the approval from President Woodrow Wilson. The Camp Lewis football team represented the US Army.

## Scoring

|  | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Mare Island** | 0 | 9 | 0 | 10 | **19** |
| Camp Lewis | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | **7** |

| Qtr. | Team | Scoring play | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **2** | **MARE** | Ambrose 31 yard FG | MARE 3–0 |
| | **LEW** | Romney 6 yard rush, Sharpe kick | LEW 7–3 |
| | **MARE** | Brown 5 yard rush, kick failed | MARE 9–7 |
| **4** | **MARE** | Huntington 1 yard rush, Ambrose kick | MARE 16–7 |
| | **MARE** | Ambrose 33 yard FG | MARE 19–7 |
| Source: | | | |

## Game notes

According to the Tournament of Roses, "Within weeks of the 1918 Rose Bowl Game, the majority of the players from both teams were scheduled to go overseas. John Beckett, left tackle for Mare Island, acknowledged this fact and said that “this would be the last battle that we would fight in the name of sports."

Hugo Bezdek was the coach to lead two separate schools (Oregon in 1917 and Mare Island in 1918) to victories. He also led Penn State to an appearance in the 1923 Rose Bowl.

Dick Romney, who had been a football star at Utah, played halfback for the Camp Lewis team, scoring the team's only touchdown.

## InfoBox

| 1918 Tournament East-West football game | |
| --- | --- |
| 4th Rose Bowl Game | |
|  | |
| 1 2 3 4 Total  **Mare Island** 0 9 0 10 19  **Camp Lewis** 0 7 0 0 7 | |
| Date | January 1, 1918 |
| Season | 1917 |
| Stadium | Tournament Park |
| Location | Pasadena, California |
| MVP | Hollis Huntington () – USMC |
| Attendance | 25,000 |
|


title: Architectural engineer (PE)

abstract: Architectural Engineer (PE) is a professional engineering designation in the United States. The architectural engineer applies the knowledge and skills of broader engineering disciplines to the design, construction, operation, maintenance, and renovation of buildings and their component systems while paying careful attention to their effects on the surrounding environment. With the establishment of a specific "Architectural Engineering" NCEES professional engineering registration examination in the 1990s and first offering in April 2003, architectural engineering is now recognized as a distinct engineering discipline in the United States. Note that in the United States Architects are not to be confused with "architectural engineering technology" which is different from architectural engineering; in the United States architectural engineering technologists tend to be "Engineering Technicians" that utilize CAD technology as drafters or technical assistants who do not have a license to practice either Architecture or Engineering, usually hired by larger construction firms or developers who prefer to cut out architectural design and maintain high costs of construction for standard processes and common building materials, while in Europe, Canada, South Africa and other countries Architectural technologists have a role similar to Architects and Architectural Engineers.

text:
# Architectural engineer (PE)

**Architectural Engineer (PE)** is a professional engineering designation in the United States. The architectural engineer applies the knowledge and skills of broader engineering disciplines to the design, construction, operation, maintenance, and renovation of buildings and their component systems while paying careful attention to their effects on the surrounding environment.

With the establishment of a specific "Architectural Engineering" NCEES professional engineering registration examination in the 1990s and first offering in April 2003, architectural engineering is now recognized as a distinct engineering discipline in the United States.

Note that in the United States Architects are not to be confused with "architectural engineering technology" which is different from architectural engineering; in the United States architectural engineering technologists tend to be "Engineering Technicians" that utilize CAD technology as drafters or technical assistants who do not have a license to practice either Architecture or Engineering, usually hired by larger construction firms or developers who prefer to cut out architectural design and maintain high costs of construction for standard processes and common building materials, while in Europe, Canada, South Africa and other countries Architectural technologists have a role similar to Architects and Architectural Engineers.

## Areas of focus

A common combined specialization is *Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing*, better known by its abbreviation **MEP**. An MEP design engineer has experience in HVAC, lighting/electrical, and plumbing systems' analysis and design.

## Some topics of special interest

## Educational institutions offering bachelor's degrees in architectural engineering

Programs accredited by the Engineering Accreditation Commission (EAC) of ABET and that are members of Architectural Engineering Institute (AEI) are denoted below.

1. "Architectural Engineering Institute | ASCE". *www.asce.org*. Archived from the original on 22 December 2014.
2. "Home". *ncees.org*.
3. "Home". *abet.org*.
4. "Mechanical, Electrical, Plumbing (MEP) Engineer" (PDF). *courts.ca.gov*. August 2003. Retrieved 2 July 2023.


title: Australasian Journal of Philosophy

abstract: The Australasian Journal of Philosophy is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal of philosophy and "one of the oldest English-language philosophy journals in the world". It was established in 1923 as The Australasian Journal of Psychology and Philosophy, obtaining its current title in 1947. It is published by Routledge on behalf of the Australasian Association of Philosophy. In 2007, it was rated "A" in the European Reference Index in the Humanities. It is abstracted and indexed by the Arts and Humanities Citation Index, Historical Abstracts, Scopus, Philosopher's Index, ProQuest databases, and Current Contents/Arts & Humanities.

text:
# Australasian Journal of Philosophy

The ***Australasian Journal of Philosophy*** is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal of philosophy and "one of the oldest English-language philosophy journals in the world". It was established in 1923 as *The Australasian Journal of Psychology and Philosophy*, obtaining its current title in 1947.

It is published by Routledge on behalf of the Australasian Association of Philosophy. In 2007, it was rated "A" in the European Reference Index in the Humanities. It is abstracted and indexed by the Arts and Humanities Citation Index, Historical Abstracts, Scopus, Philosopher's Index, ProQuest databases, and Current Contents/Arts & Humanities.

## History

Continuously published since its foundation in 1923 – with all members of the *Australasian Association of Psychology and Philosophy* receiving copies of the journal free of charge as a perquisite of their membership (it was also available to non-members at a cost of three shillings an issue, or ten shillings a year) – it was published quarterly (in March, June, September and December) from 1923 until 1937, and triannually from 1938 to 1978, except for the period from 1943 to 1947, when limited war-time supplies restricted the publication to only two issues a year.

It resumed quarterly publication in 1979. Originally published by the Australasian Association of Psychology and Philosophy (later, Australasian Association of Philosophy) itself, it switched to Oxford University Press in 1998. Since 2005, the journal has been published by Routledge.

## Editors-in-chief

The following persons have been editor-in-chief:

## Notable articles

To celebrate the ninetieth volume of the journal, a "virtual special issue" was released in 2012, containing links to ten articles from past issues selected by then editor-in-chief Stewart Candlish. According to the Web of Science, the following three articles have been cited most frequently (\>150 times):

* Lewis, David (1983). "New work for a theory of universals". *Australasian Journal of Philosophy*. **61** (4): 343–377. doi:10.1080/00048408312341131.
* Lewis, David (1996). "Elusive knowledge". *Australasian Journal of Philosophy*. **74** (4): 549–567. doi:10.1080/00048409612347521.
* Lewis, David (1984). "Putnam's paradox". *Australasian Journal of Philosophy*. **62** (3): 221–236. doi:10.1080/00048408412340013.

The most published authors were J.J.C. Smart, David Lewis and John Mackie, reflecting the generally analytic focus that the Journal has maintained since its early idealist days.

## Best Paper Award

Since 2007, an annual prize of A$1,000 is awarded for the best paper published in the journal in the previous year.

## InfoBox

*Australasian Journal of Philosophy*
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Discipline | Philosophy |
| Language | English |
| Edited by | Antony Eagle |
| Publication details | |
| Former name(s) | The Australasian Journal of Psychology and Philosophy |
| History | 1923–present |
| Publisher | Routledge on behalf of the Australasian Association of Philosophy |
| Frequency | Quarterly |
| Standard abbreviations
 | |
| ISO 4 | *Australas. J. Philos.* |
| Indexing
 | |
| ISSN | 0004-8402 (print)
1471-6828 (web)
 |
| LCCN | 36002661 |
| OCLC no. | 02923644 |
| Links | |
|  | |


title: Fatama, Alabama

abstract: Fatama, also known as Fatima, is an unincorporated community in Wilcox County, Alabama, United States.

text:
# Fatama, Alabama

**Fatama** /fəˈtɑːmə/, also known as **Fatima**, is an unincorporated community in Wilcox County, Alabama, United States.

## History

The origin of the name Fatama is unknown, but is possibly derived from Fátima, Portugal. A post office operated under the name Fatama from 1855 to 1914.

## InfoBox

| Fatama, Alabama | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| Fatama, AlabamaLocation within the state of AlabamaFatama, AlabamaFatama, Alabama (the United States) | |
| Coordinates: 31°53′57″N 87°14′08″W / 31.89917°N 87.23556°W / 31.89917; -87.23556 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Alabama |
| County | Wilcox |
| Elevation | 397 ft (121 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| Area code | 334 |
| GNIS feature ID | 157949 |


title: 1991 James Hardie 12 Hour

abstract: The 1991 James Hardie 12 Hour was an endurance race for production cars staged at the Mount Panorama Circuit, Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia, on 31 March 1991. It was the first "Bathurst 12 Hour". Of the 24 starters, 20 were classified as finishers. The race was won by Allan Grice, Peter Fitzgerald and Nigel Arkell driving a Toyota Supra.

text:
# 1991 James Hardie 12 Hour

The **1991 James Hardie 12 Hour** was an endurance race for production cars staged at the Mount Panorama Circuit, Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia, on 31 March 1991. It was the first "Bathurst 12 Hour". Of the 24 starters, 20 were classified as finishers.

The race was won by Allan Grice, Peter Fitzgerald and Nigel Arkell driving a Toyota Supra.

## Classes

The race was open to "Group E" cars (officially Group 3E Series Production Cars) and other production cars.

Cars competed in the following classes:

* Class A : Touring cars under 1600 cc
* Class B : Touring cars 1601 - 2500 cc
* Class C : Touring cars 2501 - 4000 cc
* Class D : Touring cars over 4000 cc
* Class S : Sports cars under 2200 cc
* Class T : Turbocharged cars

## Results

| Pos. | Drivers | No. | Car | Entrant | Class | Class pos. | Laps |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Allan Grice
Peter Fitzgerald
Nigel Arkell | 2 | Toyota Supra Turbo | Fitzgerald Racing | T | 1 | 242 |
| 2 | Kent Youlden
Ken Douglas
Brett Youlden | 7 | Ford Laser KF TX3 4WD Turbo | Ford Motor Company | T | 2 | 239 |
| 3 | Warren Cullen
Glenn Cullen
Gary Cooke | 19 | Holden Commodore VN |  | D | 1 | 236 |
| 4 | Peter Brock
Neil Crompton
Peter McKay | 05 | Holden Commodore VN |  | C | 1 | 235 |
| 5 | John Bourke
Bryan Thomson | 15 | Toyota Supra Turbo |  | T | 3 | 234 |
| 6 | Colin Bond
John Smith
Bruce Stewart | 8 | Toyota MR2 | Caltex CXT Racing | S | 1 | 233 |
| 7 | Garry Rogers
Paul Fordham | 10 | Nissan 300ZX | Garry Rogers Motorsport | C | 2 | 232 |
| 8 | Tony Nicholson
Gary McDonald
Roland Hill | 9 | Holden Commodore VN | Positive Performance | D | 2 | 227 |
| 9 | George Fury
Rod Jones
Alf Grant | 4 | Mitsubishi Galant VR4 |  | T | 4 | 227 |
| 10 | Geoff Forshaw
Mark Brame
Henry Draper | 27 | Suzuki Swift GTi |  | A | 1 | 226 |
| 11 | Tony Farrell
Andrew Newton | 3 | Honda CRX |  | S | 2 | 224 |
| 12 | Ray Vincent
Todd Wanless
Rod Dawson | 17 | Ford Falcon EA |  | C | 3 | 223 |
| 13 | Peter Whitaker
Calcin Gardner
Geoff Full | 29 | Suzuki Swift GTi |  | A | 2 | 222 |
| 14 | Robin Bennett
David Borg
Andrew Solness | 18 | Toyota Corolla |  | A | 3 | 222 |
| 15 | Richard Vorst
Kevin Burton
Peter Johnston | 28 | Suzuki Swift GTi |  | A | 4 | 217 |
| 16 | Phil Alexander
Keith McCulloch
Warren Rush | 35 | Suzuki Swift GTi |  | A | 5 | 216 |
| 17 | Neal Bates
Rick Bates
Geoff Morgan | 12 | Toyota Celica |  | B | 1 | 215 |
| 18 | David Ratciff
Garry Wilmington
Tom Watkinson | 11 | Toyota Corolla |  | A | 6 | 214 |
| 19 | Damon Beck
Colin Osborne
Aaron McGill | 32 | Suzuki Swift GTi |  | A | 7 | 192 |
| 20 | Peter McLeod
Glenn Clark
Barry Jones | 16 | Citroën BX 16v |  | B | 2 | 191 |
| DNF | John Giddings
Wayne Park
Graham Nelson | 22 | Holden Commodore VN |  | D | - | 165 |
| DNF | Tony Kavich
Bob Griffin
Trevor Hodge | 23 | Holden Commodore VN |  | C | - | 150 |
| DNF | Max Bonney
Malcolm Stenniken
David James | 26 | Holden Commodore VN |  | C | - | 149 |
| DNF | Paul Flottman
Mal Rose | 44 | Holden Commodore VN |  | C | - | 67 |

## Further reading

* Australian Motor Racing Year, 1991/1992
* Sydney Morning Herald, 1 April 1991


title: Army of Frankensteins

abstract: Army of Frankensteins is a 2014 American science fiction horror film written and directed by Ryan Bellgardt. It stars Jordan Farris as a time-traveling youth who, along with multiple versions of Frankenstein's monster, are pulled into the American Civil War.

text:
# Army of Frankensteins

***Army of Frankensteins*** is a 2014 American science fiction horror film written and directed by Ryan Bellgardt. It stars Jordan Farris as a time-traveling youth who, along with multiple versions of Frankenstein's monster (Eric Berger), are pulled into the American Civil War.

## Plot

Alan Jones is a recently unemployed grocery store worker. One night he decides to go back to find his coworker Ashley and propose to her, but when he sees her kissing his former boss, he leaves.

While heading home, Alan’s kidnapped by a child genius named Igor and taken to a warehouse of Dr. Tanner Finski. There they remove one of Alan’s eyeballs and put it into his Frankenstein monster. While Igor injects Frankenstein with a special regeneration liquid, Alan stumbles and activates the process which brings Frankenstein to life. Suddenly a lightning bolt comes and overloads the system. An interdimensional portal appears creating multiple Frankenstein copies before the portal swallows everyone and takes them to 1865 in the middle of a battle of the American Civil War.

The Frankensteins immediately start attacking the Confederate and Union soldiers, killing many of them. Alan is rescued by Corporal Solomon Jones, who Alan found out earlier is his Great-great-great grandfather. He is taken to the infirmary next to the dying Dr. Finski where he begins seeing images of what the original Frankenstein sees. Igor is behind Confederate lines where Lt. Swanson takes his injector before letting him leave to the Union side. Swanson shows the injector to Capt. Walton, who injects a cat and watching it turn into a giant beast that runs into the woods.

Dr. Finski tells them that they must kill the Frankenstein to create a portal back before dying. So Alan, Igor, Solomon, and Virginia (a medic and Solomon’s girlfriend) go out and find them. They eventually track them down to another Union camp. During the fight, Virginia is cornered by the original Frankenstein in a hot air balloon and they fly off. Virginia is able to explain to Frankenstein her life as a slave and explain what they’re fighting for. Frankenstein understands and agrees to help the Union, causing the duplicate Frankensteins to relax. Their balloon is then shot down by the Confederacy and they get captured. While heading back to camp, Solomon is attacked by the cat beast and has his left forearm removed.

At the Confederate camp, Walton sees how strong Frankenstein is from the injection, so he orders Swanson to inject himself with the regeneration liquid, which turns him into a larger stronger Confederate monster. Thinking the war is now won, Walton lets them go to tell the Union about their doom. Virginia arrives at the Union camp along with all the Frankensteins. She’s able to convince the soldiers they are on their side, giving them hope.

The next day a big and gory battle takes place. With the help of the Frankensteins and the disintegration ray Igor built to replace Solomon’s left forearm, they are victorious. As the Frankenstein surround Walton and the Confederate monster, Virginia’s sister Maggie stabs the original Frankenstein in revenge for killing her soldier boyfriend earlier. With the other Frankensteins falling in pain, the Confederate monster disables Solomon’s ray gun and kills Maggie before leaving.

When Abraham Lincoln hears about the battle, he invites Alan, Igor and Frankenstein to the White House. Before leaving, Igor starts ingesting the regeneration liquid and gives Solomon a bag not to open until he’s gone. Once there, Lincoln mentions that Walton and the Confederate monster also arrived and he needs to find out why. They track them down at a tavern, where Igor tries to sneak in. He’s able to find out they’re talking with John Wilkes Booth about killing Lincoln before he’s spotted. As he tries to run, he’s shot by Walton. As Igor dies, Frankenstein calls on the other Frankensteins to join him, followed by Solomon and Virginia.

Alan and Frankenstein meet Walton, Booth and the Confederate monster at the theatre. The two monsters fight while Alan and Booth battle inside. As Solomon and the Frankensteins arrive, the Confederate monster had knocked out Frankenstein. With the other Frankensteins out, Solomon tries to take him on himself. Meanwhile, Booth is able to knock out Alan and continue.

Eventually, Frankenstein regains consciousness and the other Frankensteins recover and save Solomon by beating down the Confederate monster. When Walton begins insulting the Confederate monster, he throws Walton into the Frankensteins allowing them to rip him into pieces. As Booth fires the gun, Frankenstein steps in front of Lincoln and is shot instead. The bullet staggers Frankenstein, causing him to knock Lincoln over the balcony before Frankenstein goes over squashing Lincoln. As Booth tries to leave, Solomon disintegrates him. As Frankenstein dies, the other Frankensteins disappear and the portal appears allowing Alan to go back.

Alan is back at the warehouse just as a portal is opening. He warns Igor about his death, but since Igor believes that Alan would die if he didn’t go, he leaves anyway. Alan goes back to the grocery store where he punches out his ex-boss and asks Ashley to marry him. She refuses since they’re not ready. When Alan gives Ashley a $5 bill, he sees that it has Frankenstein’s face on it. When he does an ancestry search on Solomon Jones, he finds that he married Virginia and adopted Igor, making him his Great-great grandfather. The bag Igor gave to Solomon contained a metal rod with instructions to stick it in his grave during a stormy night. A lightning bolt hits it, activating the regeneration fluid to bring him back to life.

## Cast

* Jordan Farris as Alan Jones
* Christian Bellgardt as Igor
* Rett Terrell as Solomon Jones
* John Ferguson as Dr. Tanner Finski
* Raychelle McDonald as Virginia
* Eric Berger as Frankenstein's monster
* Gary Olinghouse as Eugene

## Production

Shooting took place entirely within Oklahoma. Bellgardt recruited local actors to star in his film. For Dr. Finski, he always sought John Ferguson, who had played horror host Count Gregore. Berger, a fan of classic *Frankenstein* films, won his part partially through his knowledge of the classic monster. Berger was initially wary of becoming involved in a local, low budget effort, but his love for the character won out.

## Release

*Army of Frankensteins* played at the DeadCENTER Film Festival in October 2014. It was released in Japan on August 2, 2014. It was released in the U.S. and Canada on Blu-ray, DVD, on demand, and digital on September 1, 2015.

## Reception

Megan Sando of the *Stillwater News Press* called it a "hilarious sci-fi adventure" whose "gory special effects make up for the sometimes questionable acting". Mark L. Miller of Ain't It Cool News wrote that it is "a love letter to those classic horror films of old". Miller criticized the monster design but said that "seeing an army of them is amazingly fun". Amanda Hunt of *Scream* magazine rated it 3.5/5 stars and wrote that the film's creative and fun gore effects make up for its occasionally unconvincing acting. Jeremy Blitz of DVD Talk rated it 2/5 stars and wrote, "This film is doomed not so much by its badness, but by its mediocrity."

It won Best Fantasy Film at the 2014 PollyGrind Film Festival and Best Musical Score at the 2014 Melbourne Independent Filmmakers Festival.

## InfoBox

| Army of Frankensteins | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Ryan Bellgardt |
| Screenplay by | Ryan Bellgardt |
| Story by | * Ryan Bellgardt * Andy Swanson * Josh McKamie |
| Based on | *Frankenstein*
by Mary Shelley |
| Produced by | * Ryan Bellgardt * Andy Swanson * Josh McKamie |
| Starring | * Jordan Farris * Christian Bellgardt * Rett Terrell * John Ferguson * Raychelle McDonald * Eric Berger |
| Cinematography | Josh McKamie |
| Edited by | Andy Swanson |
| Music by | David Hamilton |
| Production
companies | * Six Stitches Entertainment * Boiling Point |
| Distributed by | Transformer |
| Release date | * August 2, 2014 (2014-08-02) (Japan) |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |
| Budget | $65,000 |


abstract: The 2008–09 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team represented the University of Virginia during the 2008–09 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team was led by fourth-year head coach Dave Leitao, and played their home games at John Paul Jones Arena in Charlottesville, Virginia as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference. The Cavaliers were picked to finish last in the conference this season in the pre-season media poll. While they only finished 11th, ahead of Georgia Tech, their record of 10–18 and 4–12 in conference was the worst the team had received in over forty years. At the end of the season, head coach Dave Leitao resigned. On April 1, 2009, Washington State head coach Tony Bennett was announced as his replacement.

text:
# 2008–09 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team

2008–09 ACC men's basketball standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | PCT |  |  | W |  | L |  | PCT |
| No. 2 North Carolina | 13 |  | 3 |  | .813 |  |  | 34 |  | 4 |  | .895 |
| No. 6 Duke | 11 |  | 5 |  | .688 |  |  | 30 |  | 7 |  | .811 |
| No. 12 Wake Forest | 11 |  | 5 |  | .688 |  |  | 24 |  | 7 |  | .774 |
| No. 16 Florida State | 10 |  | 6 |  | .625 |  |  | 25 |  | 10 |  | .714 |
| No. 24 Clemson | 9 |  | 7 |  | .563 |  |  | 23 |  | 9 |  | .719 |
| Boston College | 9 |  | 7 |  | .563 |  |  | 22 |  | 12 |  | .647 |
| Maryland | 7 |  | 9 |  | .438 |  |  | 21 |  | 14 |  | .600 |
| Virginia Tech | 7 |  | 9 |  | .438 |  |  | 19 |  | 15 |  | .559 |
| Miami (FL) | 7 |  | 9 |  | .438 |  |  | 19 |  | 13 |  | .594 |
| NC State | 6 |  | 10 |  | .375 |  |  | 16 |  | 14 |  | .533 |
| Virginia | 4 |  | 12 |  | .250 |  |  | 10 |  | 18 |  | .357 |
| Georgia Tech | 2 |  | 14 |  | .125 |  |  | 12 |  | 19 |  | .387 |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2009 ACC tournament winner
Rankings from AP Poll | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The **2008–09 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team** represented the University of Virginia during the 2008–09 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team was led by fourth-year head coach Dave Leitao, and played their home games at John Paul Jones Arena in Charlottesville, Virginia as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference.

The Cavaliers were picked to finish last in the conference this season in the pre-season media poll. While they only finished 11th, ahead of Georgia Tech, their record of 10–18 and 4–12 in conference was the worst the team had received in over forty years. At the end of the season, head coach Dave Leitao resigned. On April 1, 2009, Washington State head coach Tony Bennett was announced as his replacement.

## Last season

The Cavaliers had a record of 17–16, with a conference record of 5–11.

## Roster

| 2008–09 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team | |
| --- | --- |
| Players | Coaches |
| Pos. # Name Height Weight Year Previous school Hometown  2 Mustapha Farrakhan, Jr. 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) 175 lb (79 kg) So Thornton Township Harvey, Illinois  4 Calvin Baker **(C)** 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m) 186 lb (84 kg) RS Jr Woodside/William & Mary Newport News, Virginia  5 Assene Sene 7 ft 0 in (2.13 m) 226 lb (103 kg) Fr South Kent Saint-Louis, Senegal  12 Jamil Tucker 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m) 241 lb (109 kg) Jr West Side Gary, Indiana  13 Sammy Zeglinski 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) 175 lb (79 kg) Fr William Penn Charter School Philadelphia  15 Sylven Landesberg 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) 209 lb (95 kg) Fr Holy Cross Flushing, New York  21 Tunji Soroye **(C)** 6 ft 11 in (2.11 m) 252 lb (114 kg) Sr Montrose Christian Dugbe Ibadan, Nigeria  22 Will Sherrill 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m) 215 lb (98 kg) So Phillips Academy Andover New York, N.Y.  23 Jeff Jones 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) 193 lb (88 kg) So Monsignor Bonner Chester, Pennsylvania  G/F 24 Mamadi Diane **(C)** 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) 201 lb (91 kg) Sr DeMatha Catholic Potomac, Maryland  25 John Brandenberg 6 ft 11 in (2.11 m) 225 lb (102 kg) Fr De Smet Jesuit Des Peres, Missouri  32 Mike Scott 6 ft 8 in (2.03 m) 233 lb (106 kg) So Deep Creek/Hargrave Military Chesapeake, Virginia  G/F 45 Solomon Tat 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) 223 lb (101 kg) Jr Community Christian School Jos Plateau, Nigeria  F/C 55 Jerome Meyinsse 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m) 245 lb (111 kg) Jr McKinley Baton Rouge, Louisiana | Head coach Assistant coach(es)   ---  Legend* **(C)** Team captain * **(S)** Suspended * **(I)** Ineligible * **(W)** Walk-on  ---  Roster
Last update: 13 December 2014 |

## Schedule

| Date
time, TV | Opponent | Result | Record | Site (attendance)
city, state |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Exhibition game | | | | | | | | |
| Nov. 9*
2:00 pm | Shepherd | **W** 87–52 |
 | John Paul Jones Arena
Charlottesville, Virginia |
| Regular season | | | | | | | | |
| Nov. 16*
4:00 pm, CSN | VMI | **W** 107–97 | 1–0
 | John Paul Jones Arena (9,955)
Charlottesville, Virginia |
| Nov. 19*
7:00 pm | South Florida | **W** 77–75 | 2–0
 | John Paul Jones Arena (8,810)
Charlottesville, Virginia |
| Nov. 21*
7:00 pm | Radford | **W** 68–66 | 3–0
 | John Paul Jones Arena (10,311)
Charlottesville, Virginia |
| Nov. 25*
7:00 pm | Liberty | **L** 82–86 | 3–1
 | John Paul Jones Arena (9,263)
Charlottesville, Virginia |
| Nov. 28*
7:00 pm | at Syracuse | **L** 70–73 | 3–2
 | Carrier Dome (22,096)
Syracuse, New York |
| Dec. 2*
9:30 pm, ESPN2 | at Minnesota
*ACC/Big Ten Challenge* | **L** 56–66 | 3–3
 | Williams Arena (12,424)
Minneapolis, Minnesota |
| Dec. 17*
7:00 pm | Longwood | **W** 90–61 | 4–3
 | John Paul Jones Arena (8,543)
Charlottesville, Virginia |
| Dec. 20*
4:00 pm, CSN | Auburn | **L** 56–58 | 4–4
 | John Paul Jones Arena (11,070)
Charlottesville, Virginia |
| Dec. 23*
7:00 pm | Hampton | **W** 74–48 | 5–4
 | John Paul Jones Arena (9,158)
Charlottesville, Virginia |
| Dec. 28
5:30 pm, FSN | at Georgia Tech | **W** 88–84 OT | 6–4
(1–0) | Alexander Memorial Coliseum (7,230)
Atlanta, Georgia |
| Jan. 3*
2:00 pm, CSN | No. 22 Xavier | **L** 70–84 | 6–5
 | John Paul Jones Arena (10,174)
Charlottesville, Virginia |
| Jan. 6*
7:00 pm | Brown | **W** 74–50 | 7–5
 | John Paul Jones Arena (8,357)
Charlottesville, Virginia |
| Jan. 10
4:00 pm, RSN | at Virginia Tech | **L** 75–78 | 7–6
(1–1) | Cassell Coliseum (9,847)
Blacksburg, Virginia |
| Jan. 15
9:00 pm, ESPN | No. 5 North Carolina | **L** 61–83 | 7–7
(1–2) | John Paul Jones Arena (13,811)
Charlottesville, Virginia |
| Jan. 20
8:00 pm, Raycom | at Maryland | **L** 78–84 | 7–8
(1–3) | Comcast Center (16,205)
College Park, Maryland |
| Jan. 24
4:00 pm, RSN | Florida State | **L** 62–73 | 7–9
(1–4) | John Paul Jones Arena (10,981)
Charlottesville, Virginia |
| Feb. 1
2:00 pm, FSN | at No. 1 Duke | **L** 54–79 | 7–10
(1–5) | Cameron Indoor Stadium (9,314)
Durham, North Carolina |
| Feb. 4
7:00 pm, ESPNU | Boston College | **L** 70–80 | 7–11
(1–6) | John Paul Jones Arena (9,631)
Charlottesville, Virginia |
| Feb. 7
4:00 pm, Raycom | at No. 3 North Carolina | **L** 61–76 | 7–12
(1–7) | Dean Smith Center (20,879)
Chapel Hill, North Carolina |
| Feb. 10
7:00 pm, RSN | at No. 25 Florida State | **L** 57–68 | 7–13
(1–8) | Donald L. Tucker Center (7,921)
Tallahassee, Florida |
| Feb. 15
1:00 pm, Raycom | No. 12 Clemson | **W** 85–81 OT | 8–13
(2–8) | John Paul Jones Arena (10,971)
Charlottesville, Virginia |
| Feb. 18
8:00 pm, Raycom | Virginia Tech | **W** 75–61 | 9–13
(3–8) | John Paul Jones Arena (11,174)
Charlottesville, Virginia |
| Feb. 21
1:00 pm, Raycom | at NC State | **L** 67–72 | 9–14
(3–9) | PNC Arena (16,353)
Raleigh, North Carolina |
| Feb. 26
8:00 pm, Raycom | Miami | **L** 55–62 | 9–15
(3–10) | John Paul Jones Arena (9,392)
Charlottesville, Virginia |
| Feb. 28
2:00 pm, Raycom | No. 13 Wake Forest | **L** 60–70 | 9–16
(3–11) | John Paul Jones Arena (11,065)
Charlottesville, Virginia |
| Mar. 3
7:00 pm, RSN | at No. 18 Clemson | **L** 57–75 | 9–17
(3–12) | Littlejohn Coliseum (8,150)
Clemson, South Carolina |
| Mar. 7
3:30 pm, ABC | Maryland | **W** 68–63 | 10–17
(4–12) | John Paul Jones Arena (11,050)
Charlottesville, Virginia |
| ACC Tournament | | | | | | | | |
| Mar. 12
9:30 pm, Raycom | vs. Boston College
*ACC Tournament first round* | **L** 63–76 | 10–18
 | Georgia Dome (26,352)
Atlanta |
| *Non-conference game. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses.
All times are in Eastern Time.. | | | | | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

| 2008–09 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conference | Atlantic Coast Conference |
| Record | 10–18 (4–12 ACC) |
| Head coach |  |
| Assistant coaches |  |
| Home arena | John Paul Jones Arena |
|


title: Fort Reno (Washington, D.C.)

abstract: Fort Reno was a major fortification of the Civil War Defenses of Washington, located in what is now the Tenleytown neighborhood of Washington, D.C. The fort sat on the highest natural point in the District of Columbia. Fort Reno played a part in the only Civil War battle to take place in the District of Columbia, at the Battle of Fort Stevens.

text:
# Fort Reno (Washington, D.C.)

**Fort Reno** was a major fortification of the Civil War Defenses of Washington, located in what is now the Tenleytown neighborhood of Washington, D.C. The fort sat on the highest natural point in the District of Columbia. Fort Reno played a part in the only Civil War battle to take place in the District of Columbia, at the Battle of Fort Stevens.

## Construction

In early August 1861, engineers under Major John G. Barnard, in charge of the defenses of Washington, chose the highest point in the District of Columbia for the construction of a fort, with construction starting in earnest in August 1861 with the arrival of McCall's Division of Pennsylvania Reserves. *The Utica Morning Herald* (NY) of December 16, 1862 gives credit for the building of the fort specifically to the Ninth Regiment Pennsylvania Reserves, however it is known that other regiments of McCall's division were engaged in its construction and that of other forts in the vicinity. At the time the structure was named Fort Pennsylvania and was only renamed Fort Reno in 1863 in honor of Major General Jesse Lee Reno who died at the Battle of South Mountain in 1862. The land on which it was built belonged to the estate of a Treasury Department official named Giles Dyer. Dyer died in 1856, and his wife Jane administered the estate at the time of seizure for the fort. The Dyer farmhouse north of the fort was used by the Army as a headquarters building for various commands encamped in the area. The fortification occupied 20 acres of Dyer land and an additional 50 acres of Dyer's land were used for barracks, camps and a parade ground.

It was one of a string of forts circling Washington to defend it against the Confederates. It had a perimeter of 517 yards, with places for 27 guns, and places for 22 field guns. It had one 100-pound Parrott gun.

Work on the fort was continued by the succession of regiments stationed at the Tennallytown encampment after McCall's division moved to Langley on October 9, 1861. Of these regiments the 119th Pennsylvania Infantry is popularly given credit for having "built the fort" in August and October 1862, however, Fort Pennsylvania had been worked on prior to the 119th Pennsylvania's arrival by the regiments of Peck's Brigade (which were stationed at Tennallytown from October 1861 through to March 1862), the 59th New York and the 9th and 10th Rhode Island Regiments, amongst others. A large signal tower was also constructed at the fort during this period. The location in the heights of North West D.C. was ideal for a signal tower, which likely would have relied on line-of-sight communications. Eventually the fort had a dozen heavy guns and a contingent of 3,000 men, making it the largest fort of those surrounding Washington.

## Engagement

The fort saw action on July 10–12, 1864, when Robert E. Lee sent 22,000 Confederates led by General Jubal A. Early against the 9,000 Union troops defending Washington (Ulysses S. Grant had depleted the Union defenses for his siege of Petersburg). The Confederates attacked from the north in Maryland. The initial warnings came from Fort Reno lookouts spying movement by Rockville. The attack itself was directed about 4 miles to the east across Rock Creek at Fort Stevens. The battle is known as "The Battle of Fort Stevens", and resulted in a Union victory.

## Closure and commemoration

In 1866, the fort was decommissioned and the land was returned to the Dyer family. The outbuildings and anything that could be sold was liquidated. Subsequently, the Dyer family subdivided the land as a town called Reno, which evolved into a majority Black neighborhood. The earthen fortifications were left in place, with ramparts reportedly visible as late as 1895.

Because of the town's roots in the Civil War and some oral histories, there has been a presumption that the original residents were so-called "contrabands," evidence for this theory is scant. Looking at other forts defending Washington, it is very likely African Americans worked as laborers, servants, or tradesmen supporting the large fort and garrison. In a report to Montgomery C. Meigs, an Army quartermaster did not describe any settlement in a survey of the occupied Dyer estate. The 1870 Census likewise suggests the small community of African American families in Reno arrived later. The town consisted of a handful of families and one church until the 1890s, as African Americans found jobs or themselves sought to live in the growing suburbs.

The earthworks were finally destroyed in the 1890s, to construct a reservoir. Commemoration of the fort became a cause almost within a decade of the fort's closure, but would not be seriously pursued until the early 1900s. It would be a source of conflict the Reno community until the latter's clearance and conversion into Fort Reno Park.

## InfoBox

| Fort Reno | |
| --- | --- |
| Part of Civil War Defenses of Washington | |
| Washington, D.C. | |
| A closeup of an 1865 map of Washington, D.C.'s defenses, showing the location of Fort Reno and other defenses to the northwest of Tenleytown. | |
| Coordinates | 38°57′07″N 77°04′33″W / 38.952°N 77.0759°W / 38.952; -77.0759 |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1861 (1861) |
| In use | 1866 (1866) |
| Materials | Earthwork fort and batteries; wood outbuildings. |
| Fate | Liquidated |
| Battles/wars | Battle of Fort Stevens |


title: Arabis allionii

abstract: Arabis allionii is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae, native to the mountains of central and southern Europe and southern Turkey. The Royal Horticultural Society lists it as a garden plant for attracting pollinators, but gives its common name as "Siberian wallflower", suggesting that they have it confused with Erysimum × marshallii.

text:
# Arabis allionii

***Arabis allionii*** is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae, native to the mountains of central and southern Europe and southern Turkey. The Royal Horticultural Society lists it as a garden plant for attracting pollinators, but gives its common name as "Siberian wallflower", suggesting that they have it confused with *Erysimum × marshallii*.

## InfoBox

| *Arabis allionii* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Habit | |
|  | |
| Siliques | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Brassicales |
| Family: | Brassicaceae |
| Genus: | *Arabis* |
| Species: | ***A. allionii*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Arabis allionii***<br>DC. | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| List * + *Arabis allionii* subsp. *sudetica* (Tausch) Soják     + *Arabis bitolica* Velen.     + *Arabis constricta* Griseb.     + *Arabis contracta* subsp. *sudetica* (Tausch) Čelak.     + *Arabis hirsuta* subsp. *allionii* (DC.) Rouy & Foucaud     + *Arabis hirsuta* var. *allionii* (DC.) Burnat     + *Arabis hirsuta* var. *glabrescens* Boiss.     + *Arabis nutans* Sims     + *Arabis sudetica* Tausch     + *Erysimum allionii* (DC.) Kuntze     + *Turritis stricta* All. | |


title: Essen West station

abstract: Essen West station is situated in Essen on the Witten/Dortmund–Oberhausen/Duisburg railway in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is served by lines S1, S3 and S9 of the Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn.

text:
# Essen West station

**Essen West station** is situated in Essen on the Witten/Dortmund–Oberhausen/Duisburg railway in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is served by lines S1, S3 and S9 of the Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn.

## History

The section of the Witten/Dortmund–Oberhausen/Duisburg railway between Essen and Mülheim an der Ruhr was opened by the Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company on 1 March 1862.

The location of the station was selected as a result of its proximity to coal mines and in particular to the Krupp cast steel works. In the 1880s, it was opened as *Altendorf* station. Later it was renamed *Altendorf-Cronenberg*, in 1898 it was renamed *Altendorf Essen-Süd*. In 1901, with the incorporation of Altendorf and Frohnhausen into the city of Essen, the station was renamed *Essen West*.

Originally a former residence of the workers colony of Kronenberg on the north side of the former railway line and east of the present station served as the station building.

In 1912 and 1913, the current station building was built south of the line and a few hundred metres west of the old station. At times, it contained a station restaurant. After severe war damage to the entire station precinct in the Second World War, the not yet repaired Essen West station was mocking called *Wasserbahnhof* (“water station”). The station building was repaired with changes. The completely rebuilt station restaurant opened in March 1949.

Essen West Station has been served by two S-Bahn lines S1 and S3 since 1974 and also by line S9 since 1998.

## Current situation

The station is exclusively served by the Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn. It lies on the Witten/Dortmund–Oberhausen/Duisburg railway and the Mülheim-Heißen–Oberhausen-Osterfeld Nord railway. It is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 4 station. An underpass leads from the station building, which was built in 1913, under the four tracks. The platforms were renovated in 2012 and 2013. A kiosk has replaced the former restaurant.

## Transport services

The station is served by two Regional-Express services: the RE 14 (Der Borkener) and the RE 49 (Wupper-Lippe-Express). It is served by lines S 1, S 2 and S 9 of the Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn.

| Line | Route | Frequency |
| --- | --- | --- |
| RE 14 | Dorsten Gladbeck WestBottrop **Essen West** Essen  Essen-Steele | 60 mins |
| RE 49 | WeselOberhausenMülheim**Essen West** –Essen Wuppertal-Vohwinkel Wuppertal | 60 mins |
| S1 | Dortmund Bochum Essen **Essen West** Mülheim (Ruhr) Duisburg Düsseldorf Flughafen Düsseldorf Hilden Solingen | 30 min |
| S3 | Hattingen Bochum-Dahlhausen Essen **Essen West** Oberhausen | 30 min |
| S9 | Hagen \- Wuppertal Wuppertal-Vohwinkel Velbert-Langenberg Essen **Essen West** Bottrop Gladbeck West Recklinghausen / Haltern am See | 30 min |

## InfoBox

| Essen West | |
| --- | --- |
| Essen West station in 2007 | |
| General information | |
| Location | Am Westbahnhof 1, Essen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany |
| Coordinates | 51°27′15″N 6°58′48″E / 51.45417°N 6.98000°E / 51.45417; 6.98000 |
| Owned by | Deutsche Bahn |
| Line(s) |  |
| Platforms | 4 |
| Tracks | 8 |
| Construction | |
| Accessible | yes |
| Other information | |
| Station code | 1693 |
| DS100 code | EENW |
| IBNR | 8001898 |
| Category | 4 |
| Fare zone | VRR: 350 |
| Website | www.bahnhof.de |
| History | |
| Opened | 1880 to 1889 |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station NordWestBahn Following station  Essen-Borbecktowards Borken (Westf) or Coesfeld (Westf)  RE 14  Essen HbfTerminus  Preceding station  DB Regio NRW Following station  Mülheim (Ruhr) Hbftowards Wesel  RE 49  Essen Hbftowards Wuppertal Hbf  Preceding station  Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn Following station  Essen-Frohnhausentowards Solingen Hbf  S1  Essen Hbftowards Dortmund Hbf  Essen-Frohnhausentowards Oberhausen Hbf  S3  Essen Hbftowards Hattingen (Ruhr) Mitte  Essen-Borbeck Südtowards Haltern am See or Recklinghausen Hbf  S9  Essen Hbftowards Hagen Hbf | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Eunidia dilacerata

abstract: Eunidia dilacerata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1925.

text:
# Eunidia dilacerata

***Eunidia dilacerata*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1925.

## InfoBox

| *Eunidia dilacerata* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Eunidia* |
| Species: | ***E. dilacerata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Eunidia dilacerata***<br>Aurivillius, 1925 | |
|


title: 1997 Hypo-Meeting

abstract: The 23rd annual Hypo-Meeting took place on May 31 and June 1, 1997 in Götzis, Austria. The track and field competition featured a decathlon (men) and a heptathlon (women) event.

text:
# 1997 Hypo-Meeting

The 23rd annual **Hypo-Meeting** took place on May 31 and June 1, 1997 in Götzis, Austria. The track and field competition featured a decathlon (men) and a heptathlon (women) event.

## Men's Decathlon

### Schedule

May 31 1. 100 m
2. Long Jump
3. Shot Put
4. High Jump
5. 400 m
June 1 6. 110 m hurdles
7. Discus Throw
8. Pole Vault
9. Javelin Throw
10. 1,500 m

### Records

| World Record | Dan O'Brien (USA) | **8891** | September 5, 1992 | Talence, France |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Event Record | Eduard Hämäläinen (BLR) | **8735** | May 29, 1994 | Götzis, Austria |

### Results

| Rank | Athlete | Decathlon | | | | | | | | | | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
| 1 | Eduard Hämäläinen (FIN) | 10,76 | 7.54 | 16.56 | 2.00 | 47,09 | 13,79 | 47.64 | 5.20 | 55.18 | 4.44,32 | **8617** |
| 2 | Tomáš Dvořák (CZE) | 10,63 | 7.76 | 15.88 | 1.91 | 47,87 | 13,74 | 45.08 | 4.70 | 69.86 | 4.41,80 | **8560** |
| 3 | Michael Smith (CAN) | 11,04 | 7.52 | 17.45 | 2.00 | 48,71 | 14,72 | 50.16 | 4.80 | 70.54 | 4.46,60 | **8555** |
| 4 | Erki Nool (EST) | 10,50 | 7.90 | 14.63 | 1.94 | 46,53 | 14,41 | 37.56 | 5.30 | 65.18 | 4.41,82 | **8534** |
| 5 | Jón Arnar Magnússon (ISL) | 10,56 | 7.66 | 15.31 | 2.00 | 47,27 | 14,00 | 45.98 | 4.70 | 63.50 | 4.52,22 | **8470** |
| 6 | Roman Šebrle (CZE) | 10,93 | 7.67 | 14.30 | 2.06 | 48,13 | 14,27 | 42.32 | 4.80 | 65.06 | 4.44,35 | **8330** |
| 7 | Lev Lobodin (RUS) | 11,02 | 7.59 | 14.56 | 2.03 | 48,69 | 14,20 | 43.14 | 4.80 | 58.40 | 4.43,24 | **8184** |
| 8 | Ramil Ganiyev (UZB) | 10,94 | 7.61 | 13.82 | 2.06 | 49,16 | 14,32 | 41.92 | 4.90 | 51.44 | 4.43,95 | **8050** |
| 9 | Philipp Huber (SUI) | 10,95 | 7.30 | 14.50 | 1.88 | 48,14 | 14,85 | 42.02 | 4.70 | 58.10 | 4.21,64 | **8017** |
| 10 | Michael Nolan (CAN) | 10,91 | 7.31 | 14.82 | 1.97 | 49,92 | 14,89 | 47.10 | 4.90 | 54.42 | 4.43,28 | **8009** |
| 11 | Andrew Fucci (USA) | 10,85 | 7.41 | 12.59 | 1.91 | 49,18 | 14,30 | 42.64 | 5.00 | 60.88 | 4.43,97 | **7996** |
| 12 | Zsolt Kürtösi (HUN) | 10,90 | 7.48 | 14.39 | 2.00 | 49,82 | 14,53 | 45.24 | 4.60 | 56.02 | 4.48,61 | **7965** |
| 13 | Sándor Munkácsi (HUN) | 10,96 | 7.36 | 13.81 | 1.91 | 48,57 | 14,33 | 41.90 | 4.50 | 56.22 | 4.24,94 | **7946** |
| 14 | Rojs Piziks (LAT) | 11,35 | 7.14 | 14.92 | 2.09 | 51,54 | 15,33 | 39.64 | 4.90 | 63.30 | 4.37,00 | **7882** |
| 15 | Kamil Damašek (CZE) | 11,19 | 7.36 | 15.00 | 2.03 | 47,92 | 15,15 | 32.68 | 4.80 | 56.92 | 4.36,37 | **7845** |
| 16 | Simon Poelman (NZL) | 10,79 | 7.06 | 15.30 | 1.91 | 51,11 | 14,33 | 44.62 | 4.50 | 55.62 | 4.41,22 | **7827** |
| 17 | Patrik Andersson (SWE) | 11,16 | 7.37 | 15.57 | 1.94 | 49,77 | 14,48 | 42.02 | 4.80 | 55.44 | 5.03,20 | **7805** |
| 18 | Thomas Tebbich (AUT) | 10,95 | 7.30 | 14.05 | 1.94 | 50,16 | 15,00 | 40.34 | 4.40 | 62.74 | 4.41,66 | **7746** |
| 19 | Klaus Ambrosch (AUT) | 11,11 | 7.32 | 14.55 | 1.85 | 50,21 | 15,10 | 42.10 | 4.20 | 62.02 | 4.42,33 | **7615** |
| 20 | Pierre Faber (RSA) | 11,27 | 6.94 | 14.79 | 2.06 | 50,50 | 15,75 | 44.18 | 4.50 | 56.04 | 4.59,10 | **7542** |
| 21 | Mirko Spada (SUI) | 11,21 | 6.99 | 15.28 | 1.85 | 51,35 | 14,78 | 43.04 | 4.20 | 55.72 | 4.53,95 | **7400** |
| 22 | Thomas Weiler (AUT) | 10,97 | 7.24 | 12.91 | 2.03 | 50,26 | 15,18 | 36.82 | 4.60 | 40.82 | 4.44,85 | **7356** |
| 23 | Ricky Barker (USA) | 10,73 | 7.14 | 14.30 | 2.03 | 48,91 | 14,59 | 36.90 | 4.70 | 54.52 | NM | **7190** |
| 24 | Hitoshi Maruono (JPN) | 11,01 | 7.07 | 13.31 | 2.03 | 53,30 | 15,14 | 33.56 | 4.80 | 56.68 | 5.28,31 | **7187** |

## Women's Heptathlon

### Schedule

May 31 1. 100 m hurdles
2. High Jump
3. Shot Put
4. 200 m
June 1 5. Long Jump
6. Javelin Throw
7. 800 m

### Records

| World Record | Jackie Joyner-Kersee (USA) | **7291** | September 24, 1988 | Seoul, South Korea |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Event Record | Sabine Braun (GER) | **6985** | May 31, 1992 | Götzis, Austria |

### Results

| Rank | Athlete | Heptathlon | | | | | | | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | |
| 1 | Denise Lewis (GBR) | 13.32 | 1.82 | 14.33 | 24.10 | 6.77 | 52.30 | 2:16.70 | **6736** |
| 2 | Natallia Sazanovich (BLR) | 13.45 | 1.79 | 13.10 | 23.62 | 6.72 | 45.24 | 2:20.27 | **6442** |
| 3 | Kym Carter (USA) | 13.81 | 1.79 | 15.23 | 23.95 | 5.75 | 40.48 | 2:10.93 | **6235** |
| 4 | Urszula Włodarczyk (POL) |  | | | | | | | **6228** |
| 5 | Tiia Hautala (FIN) |  | | | | | | | **6011** |
| 6 | Helena Vinarová (CZE) |  | | | | | | | **5905** |


title: Emir Obuća

abstract: Emir Obuća is a Bosnian football manager and former player.

text:
# Emir Obuća

**Emir Obuća** (born 11 December 1978) is a Bosnian football manager and former player.

## Playing career

Obuća had several spells with hometown club Sarajevo, winning one league title and four domestic cups with the side. He scored 89 goals in 205 games for the club.

## Managerial career

On 20 October 2022, Obuća was named as Sarajevo's caretaker manager, following Feđa Dudić's resignation. In his first game as manager, Sarajevo beat Posušje in a league game on 23 October. On 5 November 2022, he suffered his first defeat as manager in a 2–0 loss to Sloboda Tuzla. Obuća was succeeded as manager by Mirza Varešanović on 12 December 2022.

## Managerial statistics

*As of 20 November 2022*

Managerial record by team and tenure
| Team | From | To | Record | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | G | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Win % |
| Sarajevo (caretaker) | 20 October 2022 | 12 December 2022 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 5 | −1 | 050.00 |
| Total | | | 4 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 5 | −1 | 050.00 |

## Honours

### Player

**Sarajevo**

**Litex Lovech**

**Individual**

## InfoBox

Emir Obuća
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1978-12-11) 11 December 1978 | | |
| Place of birth | Sarajevo, SFR Yugoslavia | | |
| Height | 1.84 m (6 ft 0 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Striker | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1998–1999 | Tienen |  |  |
| 1999–2000 | Racing Mechelen |  |  |
| 2000–2001 | Olimpik |  |  |
| 2001–2003 | Sarajevo | 56 | (36) |
| 2003–2004 | Litex Lovech |  |  |
| 2004–2007 | Sarajevo | 73 | (21) |
| 2007–2008 | PAS Hamedan | 21 | (8) |
| 2008 | Sarajevo | 9 | (2) |
| 2009 | Rah Ahan | 9 | (0) |
| 2009 | SAŠK Napredak |  |  |
| 2010 | Čelik Zenica | 18 | (5) |
| 2011–2012 | Sarajevo | 34 | (15) |
| Total |  | **220** | **(87)** |
| Managerial career | | | |
| 2022 | Sarajevo (caretaker) | | |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: 1995 Island Games

abstract: The 1995 Island Games were the sixth edition of Island Games, and were held in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar, from 15 to 22 July. The Government of Gibraltar furnished Lathbury Barracks with 1,000 bunkbeds to accommodate the competing athletes. The Royal Navy had previously used the barracks as a training camp.

text:
# 1995 Island Games

The **1995 Island Games** were the sixth edition of Island Games, and were held in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar, from 15 to 22 July. The Government of Gibraltar furnished Lathbury Barracks with 1,000 bunkbeds to accommodate the competing athletes. The Royal Navy had previously used the barracks as a training camp.

## Medal table

*   Host nation (Gibraltar)

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Jersey | 37 | 30 | 32 | 99 |
| 2 | Isle of Man | 24 | 16 | 21 | 61 |
| 3 | Guernsey | 23 | 27 | 26 | 76 |
| 4 | Isle of Wight | 16 | 6 | 18 | 40 |
| 5 | Gotland | 10 | 17 | 13 | 40 |
| 6 | Faroe Islands | 10 | 14 | 15 | 39 |
| 7 | Åland | 8 | 12 | 14 | 34 |
| 8 | Saaremaa | 8 | 10 | 3 | 21 |
| 9 | Gibraltar* | 5 | 7 | 10 | 22 |
| 10 | Iceland | 5 | 6 | 9 | 20 |
| 11 | Orkney | 2 | 3 | 2 | 7 |
| 12 | Greenland | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 13 | Ynys Môn/Anglesey | 0 | 3 | 8 | 11 |
| 14 | Shetland | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 15 | Alderney | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | Falkland Islands | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | Frøya | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | Sark | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Totals (18 entries) | | 150 | 152 | 173 | 475 |

## Sports

The sports chosen for the games were:

## InfoBox

1995 Island Games
| Host | Gibraltar |
| --- | --- |
| Teams | 18 islands |
| Athletes | 1214 |
| Events | 14 |
| Opening | July 15, 1995 |
| Closing | July 22, 1995 |
| Main venue | Victoria Stadium |
|  | |


title: European Para Youth Games

abstract: The European Para Youth Games (EPYG) is a biennial multi-sport event for young para-athletes aged between 13 and 23 from the member countries of the European Paralympic Committee (EPC).

text:
# European Para Youth Games

The **European Para Youth Games** (EPYG) is a biennial multi-sport event for young para-athletes aged between 13 and 23 from the member countries of the European Paralympic Committee (EPC).

## Editions

| Number | Year | Host | Sports | Athletes | Countries | Champion |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 2011 | Brno, Czech Republic | 5 | 260 | 13 | Czech Republic |
|  | 2012 | Brno, Czech Republic | 11 | 347 | 14 | Czech Republic |
|  | 2015 | Varaždin, Croatia | 4 | 223 | 22 | Spain |
|  | 2017 | Liguria, Italy | 8 | 600 | 26 | Germany |
|  | 2019 | Lahti, Finland | 8 | 600+ | 27 | Italy |
|  | 2022 | Lahti, Finland | 8 | 415 | 28 | Spain |
|  | 2025 | Istanbul, Turkey |  |  |  |  |

### 2019

Italy topped the medal table with 14 gold, 8 silver and 8 bronze medals closely followed by France with 12 and Germany with 11.

### 2022

The 6th edition took place in Lathi, Finland between 27 June and 4 July 2022.

### 2025

In August 2023, seven countries were interested in hosting the 7th edition in 2025. In February 2024, Portugal and Turkey submitted bids for the games. Istanbul was awarded hosting rights in July 2024.

## InfoBox

European Para Youth Games
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| First event | 2011 European Para Youth Games Brno, Czech Republic |
| Occur every | Usually 2 years |
| Last event | 2022 European Para Youth Games Lahti, Finland |
| Purpose | Multi-sport event for young athletes with physical disabilities from nations on the European continent |
| Headquarters | Vienna, Austria |
| Website | https://www.europaralympic.org/games-events |


title: Fort Resolution Airport

abstract: Fort Resolution Airport is located adjacent to Fort Resolution, Northwest Territories, Canada.

text:
# Fort Resolution Airport

**Fort Resolution Airport** (IATA: **YFR**, ICAO: **CYFR**) is located adjacent to Fort Resolution, Northwest Territories, Canada.

1. *Canada Flight Supplement*. Effective 0901 16 July 2020 to 0901Z 10 September 2020.
2. Total aircraft movements by class of operation

## InfoBox

| Fort Resolution Airport | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Summary | |
| Airport type | Public |
| Operator | Government of the Northwest Territories |
| Location | Fort Resolution, Northwest Territories |
| Time zone | MST (UTC−07:00) |
| Summer (DST) | MDT (UTC−06:00) |
| Elevation AMSL | 527 ft / 161 m |
| Coordinates | 61°10′51″N 113°41′23″W / 61.18083°N 113.68972°W / 61.18083; -113.68972 |
| Map | |
| CYFRLocation in the Northwest Territories | |
| Runways | |
| Direction Length Surface  ft m  13/31 4,001 1,220 Gravel | |
| Statistics (2010) | |
| Aircraft movements 323 | |
| Source: Canada Flight Supplement<br>Movements from Statistics Canada. | |


title: Erik Nielson (footballer)

abstract: Erik Nielson Duarte Bonaventura, commonly known as Erik Nielson, is a professional Cape Verdean footballer who last played for Fortuna Liga club AS Trenčín as a midfielder.

text:
# Erik Nielson (footballer)

**Erik Nielson Duarte Bonaventura** (born 31 October 1996), commonly known as **Erik Nielson**, is a professional Cape Verdean footballer who last played for Fortuna Liga club AS Trenčín as a midfielder.

## Club career

### AS Trenčín

Nielson made his Fortuna Liga debut for AS Trenčín against Nitra on 11 July 2020. He was fielded in the starting line-up and was booked with a yellow card.

## InfoBox

Erik Nielson
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Erik Nielson Duarte Bonaventura | | |
| Date of birth | (1996-10-31) 31 October 1996 | | |
| Place of birth | Cape Verde | | |
| Height | 1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Defender | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2020 | AS Trenčín | 1 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 12 January 2021 | | | |