title: Ernie Jones (politician)

abstract: Ernest William Jones was a Canadian politician. He was an alderman on Ottawa City Council from 1950 to 1952, and was a member of the Ottawa Board of Control from 1955 to 1960 and from 1963 to 1974. He unsuccessfully ran for mayor of Ottawa in 1960, and was Deputy Mayor of the city in 1972. Known for living his life "fast and aggressive", he was a believer in "grass-roots contact with the electorate", his electoral base was the small businessman and the suburban homeowner, whose main concern he stated was "careful spending of their tax buck ... When taxes go up, they want to know exactly why". He presided over the city's recreation and parks department during its infancy, and helped obtain an agreement with the Ottawa Board of Education for sharing playgrounds and other recreational facilities.

text:
# Ernie Jones (politician)

**Ernest William Jones** (October 6, 1910 – May 15, 2005) was a Canadian politician. He was an alderman on Ottawa City Council from 1950 to 1952, and was a member of the Ottawa Board of Control from 1955 to 1960 and from 1963 to 1974. He unsuccessfully ran for mayor of Ottawa in 1960, and was Deputy Mayor of the city in 1972.

Known for living his life "fast and aggressive", he was a believer in "grass-roots contact with the electorate", his electoral base was the small businessman and the suburban homeowner, whose main concern he stated was "careful spending of their tax buck ... When taxes go up, they want to know exactly why". He presided over the city's recreation and parks department during its infancy, and helped obtain an agreement with the Ottawa Board of Education for sharing playgrounds and other recreational facilities.

## Early life

Jones was born on October 6, 1910, at his family home on Churchill Avenue to William Donald Jones, a Canadian bicycle rider champion and son of a Welsh immigrant, and Elizabeth Harriet Sullivan, a descendant of a pioneering family who operated a farm in the City View area. He attended Westboro and Broadview Avenue public schools, Nepean High School, the High School of Commerce, Willis Business College and Carleton College. In his youth he worked as a cake baker at Standard Bread, as an office boy and a clerk in the Department of Veterans Affairs. He then went to work in the Finance and Treasury Department, later becoming an administration officer.

## Early political career

Jones was elected to Nepean Township Council in the 1947 municipal elections, the only newcomer elected to council that year. He finished third in the three-seat at-large council race with 2,063 votes. While a member of the Nepean council, Jones supported the annexation of the entirety of the Township into Ottawa, but preferred ratepayers have a say on the matter. Jones was re-elected in the 1948 municipal election, this time winning 3,558 votes and finishing second.

With the urban northern part of Nepean Township set to be annexed by Ottawa in 1950, Jones ran to represent part of newly annexed territory (Westboro Ward) on Ottawa City Council in a special election held on December 19, 1949. Jones won one of two seats in the ward, finishing second behind former Nepean Reeve Harry Parslow with 1,189 votes. Jones declared that his first action as an alderman would be extending water mains and sewers into the newly annexed territory. Both Jones and Parslow ran unopposed in the 1950 Ottawa municipal election.

Outside of politics, Jones became a Life Underwriter with London Life Insurance in 1951, a position he held throughout his political career.

## Board of Control, 1952–1960

Jones decided to run for a spot on Ottawa's Board of Control for the 1952 Ottawa municipal election, running on "a more efficient administration in the city". In the election, Jones finished sixth for the four-seat board, with 22,188 votes, and was not elected. Jones ran again for a spot on the Board in the 1954 Ottawa municipal election, and this time was successful, finishing fourth with 28,385 votes. During the campaign, he promised "a fair deal in civic affairs to one and all".

Jones was re-elected to the Board of Control in the 1956 Ottawa municipal election, finishing in second place and winning 26,480 votes. He ran for re-election in the 1956 Ottawa municipal election. At the time, he was the Controller of Finance. Jones was re-elected again, finishing second with 30,473 votes.

## 1960 run for mayor

On March 15, 1960, Jones announced at the closing ceremony of the City of Ottawa Bonspiel at the Ottawa Curling Club that he was intending to run for mayor of the city in the 1960 Ottawa municipal election. Jones ran on a platform of "full and ultimate development" of the city, where it would be "recognized as a full co-partner with the federal government in the planning of the National Canada", and "above all ... wants to see that development effect with the least possible cost to the taxpayers as a whole". He also wanted the city to diversify away from being just a city of civil servants into a "diversified industrial city (where) its people will have many avenues of employment". He also wanted to find new sources of tax revenue, suggesting that crown corporations such as the CBC, the Central Mortgage and Housing Corporation and the National Research Council "should ... be paying a business tax as does any small businessman and factory owner in Ottawa". In the election, Jones finished a distant third winning just 9,317 votes, over 26,000 votes behind the winner, Charlotte Whitton.

## Board of Control, 1963–1974

After two years outside of politics, Jones announced he would run for his old job on the Ottawa Board of Control in the 1962 Ottawa municipal election, promising to "serve faithfully, with integrity, dignity, action and foresight". In the election, he finished fourth with 36,495 votes, earning the fourth spot on the board. During the 1963–64 term, Jones was credited for reviving the Ottawa Winter Carnival (a predecessor of Winterlude) in 1963, for which he was the chairman. During the term of office, Jones grew increasingly frustrated with the mayorship of Charlotte Whitton, and was "tired of angry fights and arguments" on council. Considering running for mayor gain, in the end Jones opted to run for re-election on the Board in the 1964 Ottawa municipal election. His "chief concern" in the election being the works department, which "spend about 70 percent of the city's budget". In the election, Jones was re-elected to his Board of Control seat, winning 47,331 votes, and finishing second. Meanwhile, Charlotte Whitton lost her bid for re-election as mayor. During the 1965–66 term, Jones continued his work as the chief organizer of the Winter Carnival, and was the "architect" of a new equipment pool, and was the negotiator with civic unions at contract time. Jones was re-elected to his board seat in the 1966 Ottawa municipal election, this time placing fourth with 39,488 votes. His drop to fourth was blamed on his "verbal jousts" with mayoral candidate Rev. Donald Stirling. During a candidate meeting, after Stirling quipped that Jones should talk about how much insurance he sold to developer Robert Campeau, Jones replied "you lie.. \[t\]hat is a dirty, rotten stinking thing for a minister to say. You're a disgrace to the cloth; you are a vicious liar.". Stirling also claimed that Jones called him a "bastard".

Jones ran for re-election in the 1969 Ottawa municipal election, the first election with Ottawa as part of the new Regional Municipality of Ottawa–Carleton. Regarding the new two-tier arrangement in the region, Jones stated that he would "support any workable plan to reduce the size of Ottawa's council, but ... \[it is\] more important to try and make sure regional government is the only local administration \[in the region\] by 1973." He also campaigned on the city insisting on "being told of the federal government's long range plans" for the region. In the election, Jones finished fourth again, with 29,831 votes, 385 votes ahead of the fifth place candidate.

In 1970, Jones was appointed chairman of the finance committee of Ontario Association Mayors and Reeves. During the 1970–72 term, Jones was chairman of the Ottawa planning board, and a member of the regional planning board. He was named deputy mayor of Ottawa in August 1972 following the resignation of Claude Bennett. After promising to retire from politics at the end of his term, mayor Pierre Benoit convinced Jones to run for re-election to the Board of Control in the 1972 Ottawa municipal election. One facet of his platform was making an "immediate start on preparing a rapid transit system for the future". He also stressed his past accomplishments, access to power-holders at senior levels of government, and his experience, which would balance the "youthful board of control". In the election, Jones once again won the fourth spot on the Board of Control, winning nearly 25,000 votes.

Jones officially resigned his position at London Life Insurance January 1, 1973 to focus entirely on his job at city hall. Jones announced his retirement from politics in August 1974. During his final term, he worked to expand the Highland Games competitions at Lansdowne Park, which he helped launch in 1971.

## Outside of politics

After retiring from politics, Jones became the first President of the SAGE Kiwanis Club in 1975. He also became the president of the Central Canada Exhibition Association (CCEA). As president of the CCEA, he supported moving the Exhibition from Lansdowne Park to a site in the Greenbelt.

Outside of politics, Jones was a Charter Member (and first secretary) of the Granite Curling Club. A keen curler, he participated in several City of Ottawa bonspiels. He lost a bet when the 1967 Macdonald Brier could not be played at the Ottawa Civic Centre, as it had not been completed yet (it was played across the river in Hull, Quebec instead). He was also the President of the Westoboro Kiwanis and President of the Ottawa Humane Society. He attended Westboro United Church, where he was a steward, and was a member of the Orange Order, becoming grand master of the Grand Lodge of Orange Young Britons of British America in 1941.

He died at the Arnprior Hospital in Arnprior, Ontario on May 15, 2005.

## InfoBox

| Ernie Jones | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Nepean Township Councillor | |
| **In office**
January 1, 1948  December 31, 1949 | |
| Ottawa Alderman | |
| **In office**
January 1, 1950  December 31, 1952 | |
| Preceded by | Ward annexed by Ottawa |
| Succeeded by | Lon Campbell |
| Constituency | Westboro Ward |
| Ottawa Controller | |
| **In office**
January 1, 1955  December 31, 1960 | |
| Preceded by | John Powers |
| Succeeded by | Lloyd Francis, Don Reid |
| **In office**
January 1, 1963  December 31, 1974 | |
| Preceded by | Paul Tardif, Wilbert Hamilton |
| Succeeded by | Marion Dewar, Don Reid, Bill Law |
| Deputy Mayor of Ottawa | |
| **In office**
September 5, 1972  December 31, 1972 | |
| Preceded by | Claude Bennett |
| Succeeded by | Lorry Greenberg |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | October 6, 1910
Westboro, Ontario |
| Died | May 15, 2005
Arnprior, Ontario |
| Spouse | Ruth Irene Munro (m. 1934; died 1991) |
| Children | 1 |
| Residence(s) | 443 Avondale Ave, Westboro
2056 Benjamin Avenue, Glabar Park
465 Richmond Road, Westboro
Woodlawn, Ontario |
|  | |


title: Ernie K-Doe

abstract: Ernest Kador Jr., known by the stage name Ernie K-Doe, was an American R&B singer best known for his 1961 hit single "Mother-in-Law", which went to number 1 on the Billboard pop chart in the U.S.

text:
# Ernie K-Doe

**Ernest Kador Jr.** (February 22, 1933 – July 5, 2001), known by the stage name **Ernie K-Doe**, was an American R&B singer best known for his 1961 hit single "Mother-in-Law", which went to number 1 on the *Billboard* pop chart in the U.S.

## Early career

Born in New Orleans, K-Doe recorded as a member of the group the Blue Diamonds in 1954 before making his first solo recordings the following year. "Mother-in-Law", written by Allen Toussaint, was his first hit, reaching number 1 on both the *Billboard* pop chart and the *Billboard* R&B chart. In the UK, the song peaked at number 29. K-Doe never had another top-40 pop hit, but "Te-Ta-Te-Ta-Ta" (number 21, 1961) and "Later for Tomorrow" (number 37, 1967) both reached the R&B top 40.

## Later career

In the 1980s, K-Doe did radio shows on the New Orleans community stations WWOZ and WTUL. The shows were known for his explosively energetic announcements and frequent self-promotion (occasionally causing problems for the noncommercial station). K-Doe's catch phrases included "Burn, K-Doe, Burn!", "I'm a Charity Hospital Baby!" and (addressed to himself) "You just good, that's all!" For a time he billed himself as "Mister Naugahyde", until he was ordered to desist by the owners of the Naugahyde trademark. K-Doe then explained that it was a misunderstanding; he was actually referring to himself as "Mister M-Nauga-Ma-Hyde", a word he invented himself.

In the 1990s, K-Doe began billing himself as "The Emperor of the Universe" and, wearing a cape and crown, became a famous local eccentric in New Orleans. He continued performing and occasionally recording until shortly before his death. Always an elaborate showman, one of K-Doe's most notable later performances was at the Aquarium of the Americas, in New Orleans, where he performed at a benefit for a local group aiding people with disabilities. The show ended with K-Doe performing seven continuous renditions of "Mother In Law" while dancing in front of the Gulf of Mexico shark tank exhibit dressed in a green plumed cape.

Later recordings of note included "White Boy, Black Boy". While best known as a singer, he was also an accomplished drummer. The song "Here Come the Girls" was released in 1970 in the UK, but was not a hit. It was re-released in 2007 as a result of its use in an advertising campaign for Boots and reached number 43 in the UK Singles Chart.

## Death

K-Doe died in 2001 of kidney and liver failure from years of alcoholism. After a traditional jazz funeral, he was interred in the 200-year-old Duval tomb in Saint Louis Cemetery number 2, in his native New Orleans. He had burial space in his father's family cemetery in Erwinville, Louisiana, but his widow, Antoinette, as well as his fans and friends in New Orleans, wanted his remains in the city, so the Duval family offered him some of their burial space. He is buried in the same tomb with his second mother-in-law, with whom he was very close, and his best friend, Earl King.

## Legacy

His widow, Antoinette K-Doe, continued to operate his music club and bar, Ernie K-Doe's Mother-in-Law Lounge, which housed a life-size statue of him. The club was severely damaged by Hurricane Katrina in late 2005 and had to shut down. With the help of the Hands on Network and the musical artist Usher Raymond, Antoinette reopened the Mother-in-Law Lounge on August 28, 2006, in its original location at 1500 N. Claiborne Avenue.

Antoinette also led a tongue-in-cheek campaign for K-Doe's election for mayor of hurricane-ravaged New Orleans in 2006, five years after his death. She is quoted as saying, "He's the only one qualified—that's my opinion." Although K-Doe's name did not appear on the ballot, the campaign generated revenue from sales of T-shirts and bumper stickers. Antoinette used the proceeds from these sales for rebuilding the Mother-in-Law Lounge and helping the New Orleans Musicians' Clinic, both of which were damaged by Hurricane Katrina.

In November 2007 the British-based high street beauty store and pharmacy Boots used his 1970 performance of the song "Here Come the Girls" as the soundtrack of a Christmas TV commercial. This led to the re-release of the song as single in the UK in December 2007. A new Boots commercial, with a summer theme, featuring the song was aired between June and August 2008 . The same song was also sampled on the Sugababes' single "Girls", which was then itself used in another Boots commercial in November 2008.

Antoinette died in New Orleans on February 24, 2009, Mardi Gras day, after a heart attack.

Ernie K-Doe was inducted into the Louisiana Music Hall of Fame in 2009.

## Discography

| Single | Year | US | US R&B
 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| "Mother-In-Law" | 1961 | 1 | 1 |
| "Te-Ta-Te-Ta-Ta" | | 53 | 21 |
| "I Cried My Last Tear" | | 69 |  |
| "A Certain Girl" | | 71 |  |
| "Popeye Joe" | 1962 | 99 |  |
| "Later for Tomorrow" | 1967 |  | 37 |
| "(It Will Have to Do) Until the Real Thing Comes Along" | |  | 48 |

## Further reading

* Sandmel, Ben (2012). *Ernie K-Doe: The R&B Emperor of New Orleans*. New Orleans, Louisiana: Historic New Orleans Collection. ISBN 9780917860607. OCLC 756045398.

## InfoBox

| Ernie K-Doe | |
| --- | --- |
| K-Doe performing at the New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival, 1996 | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Ernest Kador Jr. |
| Born | (1933-02-22)February 22, 1933
New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S. |
| Died | July 5, 2001(2001-07-05) (aged 68)
New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S. |
| Genres | R&B |
| Occupation | Singer |
| Instrument | Vocals |
| Years active | 1955–2001 |
| Labels |  |
|  | |
| Website | k-doe.com |


title: Astronaut (Ash Walker album)

abstract: Astronaut is the fourth studio album by the London-based musician and DJ Ash Walker, released by Night Time Stories on 30 June 2023. It features contributions by Lou Rhodes, Andrew Ashong, Amp Fiddler, Joe Armon-Jones, and Yazz Ahmed, among others.

text:
# Astronaut (Ash Walker album)

***Astronaut*** is the fourth studio album by the London-based musician and DJ Ash Walker, released by Night Time Stories on 30 June 2023. It features contributions by Lou Rhodes, Andrew Ashong, Amp Fiddler, Joe Armon-Jones, and Yazz Ahmed, among others.

## Background

Ash Walker wrote the album on different locations with a number of sessions musicians and collaborators. He almost finished working on the album by 2020 but wasn't happy with the mixes, so he invited a friend to help him with EQ and decided to replace a track. He has described his recording technique on *Astronaut* as an "anti-sound engineer" approach because he thinks that "\[sitting\] for weeks and months trying to iron out bits of white noise or EQing this and that" detracts him from his vision about how the album should sound.

Walker described the concept of the album:

> Philosophically, I guess it's just my way of navigating through the landscape we're all in. I wasn't trying to go too much into the typical perception of an astronaut going into space – I just wanted to create this ethereal journey of sound, full of textures and flavours.
>
> Ash Walker

## Reception

John-Paul Shiver of *Treble* wrote, "For some, the ideology of stretching across decades of musical ideas reaching from Duke Ellington to King Tubby, Pete Rock to Curtis Mayfield would just short-circuit some arrangers' brainwave activity. But Mr. Walker has the first concept down right that sees his herculean projects of putting soul into this time-traveling entity come to fruition without exception", and "Walker and his laundry list of experts—Andrew Ashong, Ebi Soda, Oscar Jerome, Joe Armon-Jones, Yazz Ahmed and Kennebec—bunker down for the dignified arrangements, an school Quincy Jones feeling, that I can attest will stick with you for days, weeks, seasons and most definitely years."

Chris May of *All About Jazz* wrote that although *Astronaut* "is by no stretch of the imagination a 'jazz' album, \[...it\] is likely to find part of its audience among open-eared jazz aficionados, particularly those tuned into the London underground jazz scene with which Walker is loosely affiliated. \[...\] *Astronaught* is best approached via the eclectic route adopted by Walker."

## Track listing

1. "Only Love" (featuring Lou Rhodes)
2. "Letting Go" (featuring Andrew Ashong)
3. "Afronaut" (featuring Amp Fiddler & Laville)
4. "Babylonian Triangle of Captivity" (featuring Ebi Soda)
5. "Time Gets Wasted" (featuring Sly5thAve & Denitia)
6. "Automation" (featuring Oscar Jerome & Joe Armon-Jones)
7. "Running Away" (featuring Yazz Ahmed & Laville)
8. "Petrol Head" (featuring Laville)
9. "Detroit Velvet Smooth" (featuring Yazz Ahmed)
10. "Jupiter" (featuring Kennebec)

## InfoBox

| Astronaut | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Ash Walker | |
| Released | 30 June 2023 (2023-06-30) |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 38:09 |
| Label | Night Time Stories |
| Ash Walker chronology | |
| *Aquamarine*
(2019) ***Astronaut***
(2023) | |


title: Astronaut Beach House

abstract: The Astronaut Beach House is a two-story house built in 1962 as a part of the then Neptune Beach subdivision at Cape Canaveral, Florida. NASA purchased the development through eminent domain for $31,500 in 1963 to accommodate the expanding Kennedy Space Center, and other private homes were removed. Unlike a nearby gas station and store, the home was left and has served as a social gathering point for astronauts prior to launch. Officially it was called the Astronaut Training and Rehabilitation Building then, today it is officially titled the Kennedy Space Center Conference Center. Throughout its history with NASA it has been known as the Astronaut Beach House or simply The Beach House. It stands 50 meters (160 ft) back from the shoreline directly in between Pads 40 and 41. It also serves as a private conference center, and for astronauts and their families for private gatherings and barbecues before launch. The house contains memorabilia including wine bottles signed by crew members identified by mission decals.

text:
# Astronaut Beach House

28°34′27″N 80°34′19″W / 28.57417°N 80.57194°W / 28.57417; -80.57194

The **Astronaut Beach House** is a two-story house built in 1962 as a part of the then Neptune Beach subdivision at Cape Canaveral, Florida.

NASA purchased the development through eminent domain for $31,500 in 1963 to accommodate the expanding Kennedy Space Center, and other private homes were removed. Unlike a nearby gas station and store, the home was left and has served as a social gathering point for astronauts prior to launch. Officially it was called the Astronaut Training and Rehabilitation Building then, today it is officially titled the Kennedy Space Center Conference Center. Throughout its history with NASA it has been known as the Astronaut Beach House or simply The Beach House.

It stands 50 meters (160 ft) back from the shoreline directly in between Pads 40 and 41. It also serves as a private conference center, and for astronauts and their families for private gatherings and barbecues before launch. The house contains memorabilia including wine bottles signed by crew members identified by mission decals.


title: Astronaut High School

abstract: Astronaut High School is located in Brevard County, in the city of Titusville, Florida, United States. It is part of the Brevard County School District. The school's name comes from its location, near the Kennedy Space Center. The school was built in 1972. The school's motto is "pride in community, passion in learning". The current principal is Krista Miller.

text:
# Astronaut High School

**Astronaut High School** is located in Brevard County, in the city of Titusville, Florida, United States. It is part of the Brevard County School District. The school's name comes from its location, near the Kennedy Space Center. The school was built in 1972. The school's motto is "pride in community, passion in learning". The current principal is Krista Miller.

## Academics

Astronaut High School offers two academies within the school. The Health Sciences Academy offers courses for students who are interested in the medical field after graduations. Students within this academy also have the opportunity to test to become Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA). The Fine Arts Academy is an academy offered to students who are interested in the fine arts such as music and theater. Astronaut High School also offers AVID which offers students college preparatory courses to ensure enrollment to a four-year college. The school also offers dual enrollment courses through Eastern Florida State College where students can become eligible to complete their Associate of the Arts degree at the time of graduation.

The library was recognized as one of the top ten in the state in 2010.

## Athletics

Its primary sports rival is Titusville High School.

### State champion teams

* Girls' Basketball Champions (Class 4A) in 2006 and 2009
* Boys' Track and Field State Champions 1976 (Class 3A) and 2000 (Class 2A)
* Boys' Cross Country State Champions 1978, 1979 and 1980 (Class 3A)
* Boys' Tennis State Champions 1990, 1992 and 1994 (Class 3A)
* Wrestling State Champions 1999 (Class 4A)
* Girls' Cross Country State Champions 1979, 1980, 1981, 1983, 1984 and 1985 (Class 3A)
* Girls' Volleyball State Champions (Class 3A) 1980
* Girls' Track and Field State Champions (Class 3A) 1979\*
* Girls Softball State Champions (class 3A)

## Notable alumni

## Notable faculty

## InfoBox

| Astronaut High School | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Address | |
|  | |
| 800 War Eagle Boulevard
Titusville, Florida 32796
United States | |
| Coordinates | 28°37′30″N 80°51′4″W / 28.62500°N 80.85111°W / 28.62500; -80.85111 |
| Information | |
| Type | Public |
| Motto | Pride in community, passion in learning |
| Established | 1972 |
| School district | Brevard County School District |
| Principal | Krista Miller |
| Teaching staff | 52.00 (FTE) |
| Grades | 9–12 |
| Enrollment | 1,112 (2022–23) |
| Student to teacher ratio | 21.38 |
| Color(s) | Maroon and Gold |
| Fight song | "You've Said it All" |
| Nickname | War Eagles |
| Rival | Titusville High School |
| Website | https://www.brevardschools.org/AstronautHS |


title: 2003 Bavarian state election

abstract: The 2003 Bavarian state election was held on 21 September 2003 to elect the members to the 15th Landtag of Bavaria. The Christian Social Union (CSU) led by Minister-President Edmund Stoiber achieved the largest majority in German history, winning 69% of the seats in the Landtag. This election was the first and to date only time a single party won a two-thirds supermajority of seats in any German state parliament. The CSU also won its largest proportion of the popular vote since 1974, at 60.7%. The election was marked by a major decline in turnout, falling by almost 13 points to 57%. As a result, despite achieving its best result in decades, the CSU won 230,000 votes fewer than it had in the 1998 election.

text:
# 2003 Bavarian state election

The **2003 Bavarian state election** was held on 21 September 2003 to elect the members to the 15th Landtag of Bavaria. The Christian Social Union (CSU) led by Minister-President Edmund Stoiber achieved the largest majority in German history, winning 69% of the seats in the Landtag. This election was the first and to date only time a single party won a two-thirds supermajority of seats in any German state parliament. The CSU also won its largest proportion of the popular vote since 1974, at 60.7%.

The election was marked by a major decline in turnout, falling by almost 13 points to 57%. As a result, despite achieving its best result in decades, the CSU won 230,000 votes fewer than it had in the 1998 election.

## Parties

The table below lists parties represented in the 14th Landtag of Bavaria.

| Name | | | Ideology | Leader(s) | 1998 result | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Votes (%) | Seats | | |
|  | **CSU** | Christian Social Union in Bavaria
*Christlich-Soziale Union in Bayern* | Christian democracy | Edmund Stoiber | 52.9% | 123 / 204 |
|  | **SPD** | Social Democratic Party of Germany
*Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands* | Social democracy | Franz Maget | 28.7% | 67 / 204 |
|  | **Grüne** | Alliance 90/The Greens
*Bündnis 90/Die Grünen* | Green politics | Sepp Daxenberger | 5.7% | 14 / 204 |

## Opinion polling

| Polling firm | Fieldwork date | Sample
size | CSU | SPD | Grüne | FW | FDP | Others | Lead |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | |  |  |  |  |  | | |
| 2003 state election | 21 Sep 2003 |  | **60.7** | 19.6 | 7.7 | 4.0 | 2.6 | 5.4 | 41.1 |
| Infratest dimap | 6–10 Sep 2003 | 1,000 | **59** | 20 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 39 |
| Forsa | 1–5 Sep 2003 | 1,006 | **61** | 20 | 8 |  | 4 | 7 | 41 |
| Forschungsgruppe Wahlen | 1–4 Sep 2003 | 1,033 | **60** | 22 | 8 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 38 |
| Forsa | 4–8 Aug 2003 | 1,001 | **61** | 21 | 8 |  | 3 | 7 | 40 |
| Forsa | 1–11 Jul 2003 | 1,266 | **59** | 24 | 8 |  | 3 | 6 | 35 |
| Infratest dimap | 14–18 May 2003 | 1,000 | **60** | 22 | 8 |  | 4 | 6 | 38 |
| GMS | 13–18 Feb 2003 | 1,004 | **60.0** | 23.0 | 6.5 | 0.5 | 4.0 | 6.0 | 37 |
| Infratest dimap | 2–5 Jan 2003 | 1,000 | **61** | 24 | 7 |  | 3 | 5 | 37 |
| Infratest dimap | 31 Jul–4 Aug 2002 | 1,000 | **57** | 26 | 5 |  | 5 | 7 | 31 |
| Infratest dimap | 3–7 Apr 2002 | 1,000 | **55** | 28 | 5 |  | 4 | 8 | 27 |
| Infratest dimap | 7–12 Jan 2002 | 1,000 | **56** | 27 | 6 |  | 4 | 7 | 29 |
| GMS | 15 Nov–21 Dec 2001 | 2,014 | **55.0** | 27.5 | 5.0 | 1.5 | 3.5 | 7.5 | 27.5 |
| Infratest dimap | 9–13 Jul 2001 | 1,000 | **54** | 29 | 7 |  | 3 | 7 | 25 |
| Infratest dimap | 3–6 Jan 2001 | 1,000 | **54** | 28 | 7 |  | 4 | 7 | 26 |
| Infratest dimap | 26 Jun–1 Jul 2000 | 1,000 | **57** | 27 | 6 |  | 3 | 7 | 30 |
| Infratest dimap | 3–7 Jan 2000 | 1,000 | **60** | 25 | 5 |  | 1 | 9 | 35 |
| Infratest dimap | August 1999 | ? | **60** | 24 | 5 |  | 2 | 9 | 36 |
| 1998 state election | 13 Sep 1998 |  | **52.9** | 28.7 | 5.7 | 3.7 | 1.7 | 7.3 | 24.2 |

## Election result

Summary of the 21 September 2003 election results for the Landtag of Bavaria
|  | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Votes | % | +/– | Seats | +/– |
|  | Christian Social Union (CSU) | 6,217,864 | 60.67 | +7.8 | 124 | +1 |
|  | Social Democratic Party (SPD) | 2,012,265 | 19.63 | -9.1 | 41 | -26 |
|  | Alliance 90/The Greens (Grüne) | 793,050 | 7.74 | +2.1 | 15 | +1 |
|  | Free Voters of Bavaria (FW) | 411,306 | 4.01 | +0.4 | 0 | ±0 |
|  | Free Democratic Party (FDP) | 263,731 | 2.57 | +0.9 | 0 | ±0 |
|  | The Republicans (REP) | 229,464 | 2.24 | -1.4 | 0 | ±0 |
|  | Ecological Democratic Party (ÖDP) | 200,103 | 1.95 | +0.2 | 0 | ±0 |
|  | Bavaria Party (BP) | 77,390 | 0.76 | ±0.0 | 0 | ±0 |
|  | Others | 43,562 | 0.43 |  | 0 | ±0 |
| Total | | 10,248,735 | 100.00 |  | 180 |  |

| Popular vote   **CSU**  60.67%  SPD  19.63%  B'90/GRÜNE  7.74%  FW  4.01%  FDP  2.57%  Other  5.38% |
| --- |

| Landtag seats   **CSU**  68.89%  SPD  22.78%  B'90/GRÜNE  8.33% |
| --- |

## Sources

## InfoBox

2003 Bavarian state election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| ---  All 180 seats in the Landtag of Bavaria
91 seats needed for a majority | |
| Turnout | 10,248,735 (57.1%)
12.7% |
| First party Second party Third party   Leader Edmund Stoiber Franz Maget Sepp Daxenberger  Party CSU SPD Greens  Last election 123 seats, 52.9% 67 seats, 28.7% 14 seats, 5.7%  Seats won 124 41 15  Seat change  1  26  1  Popular vote 6,217,864 2,012,265 793,050  Percentage 60.7% 19.6% 7.7%  Swing  7.8%  9.1%  2.1% | |
| ---  Results for the single-member constituencies. | |
| ---  **Minister-President before election**
Edmund Stoiber
CSU **Elected Minister-President**
Edmund Stoiber
CSU | |


title: Eric Tindall

abstract: Eric Norton Tindall was a rugby union player who represented Australia. Tindall, a scrum-half, was born in Sydney and claimed 1 international rugby cap for Australia.

text:
# Eric Tindall

**Eric Norton Tindall** (born 28 August 1944) was a rugby union player who represented Australia.

Tindall, a scrum-half, was born in Sydney and claimed 1 international rugby cap for Australia.

## InfoBox

Eric Tindall
| Birth name | Eric Norton Tindall |
| --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1944-08-28)28 August 1944 |
| Place of birth | Sydney |
| Rugby union career | |
| **Position(s)** scrum-half  International career  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  1973 Wallabies  1  (4) | |


title: Asura aureorosea

abstract: Asura aureorosea is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in New Guinea.

text:
# Asura aureorosea

***Asura aureorosea*** is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in New Guinea.

## InfoBox

| *Asura aureorosea* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Subfamily: | Arctiinae |
| Genus: | *Asura* |
| Species: | ***A. aureorosea*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Asura aureorosea***<br>(Rothschild, 1913) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Miltochrista aureorosea* Rothschild, 1913 | |


title: Asura avernalis

abstract: Asura avernalis is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found on the Solomon Islands and Bougainville Island.

text:
# Asura avernalis

***Asura avernalis*** is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found on the Solomon Islands and Bougainville Island.

## InfoBox

| *Asura avernalis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Subfamily: | Arctiinae |
| Genus: | *Asura* |
| Species: | ***A. avernalis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Asura avernalis***<br>(Butler, 1887) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Miltochrista avernalis* Butler, 1887 * *Asura bougainvillei* Rothschild, 1913 * *Asura floridensis* Rothschild, 1913 * *Asura isabelina* Rothschild, 1913 | |


title: Asura arenaria

abstract: Asura arenaria is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in New Guinea.

text:
# Asura arenaria

***Asura arenaria*** is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in New Guinea.

## InfoBox

| *Asura arenaria* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Subfamily: | Arctiinae |
| Genus: | *Asura* |
| Species: | ***A. arenaria*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Asura arenaria***<br>Rothschild, 1913 | |
|


title: 1956 12 Hours of Sebring

abstract: The 1956 Florida International Grand Prix of Endurance powered by Amoco took place on 24 March, on the Sebring International Raceway,. It was the second round of the F.I.A. World Sports Car Championship. For the sixth running of the event, was a sign to many in the automotive community that this race had become North America's premier sports car race, and from an international standpoint second only to the 24 Hours of Le Mans. However, this race came just eight months after the disaster at Le Mans. The United States was not immune to the fallout following that race, and the American Automobile Association decide to withdraw from all participation in motor sport. This left the promoters with no international recognition for the race, and therefore no FIA approval. It was very simple; no FIA approval, no international race. Alec Ullmann, one of those promoters, and founder of Sebring, approached the Sports Car Club of America, but could not maintain its amateur status, if it supported the race. Ullmann did however obtain "special permission" from the FIA to allow him organise the event himself, through his Automobile Racing Club of Florida, and issued the international licenses.

text:
# 1956 12 Hours of Sebring

The **1956 Florida International Grand Prix of Endurance powered by Amoco** took place on 24 March, on the Sebring International Raceway, (Florida, United States). It was the second round of the F.I.A. World Sports Car Championship. For the sixth running of the event, was a sign to many in the automotive community that this race had become North America's premier sports car race, and from an international standpoint second only to the 24 Hours of Le Mans.

However, this race came just eight months after the disaster at Le Mans. The United States was not immune to the fallout following that race, and the American Automobile Association decide to withdraw from all participation in motor sport. This left the promoters with no international recognition for the race, and therefore no FIA approval. It was very simple; no FIA approval, no international race.

Alec Ullmann, one of those promoters, and founder of Sebring, approached the Sports Car Club of America, but could not maintain its amateur status, if it supported the race. Ullmann did however obtain "special permission" from the FIA to allow him organise the event himself, through his Automobile Racing Club of Florida, and issued the international licenses.

## Report

### Entry

A massive total of 74 racing cars were registered for this event, of which 69 arrived for practice. Only 59 qualified for the race. Adding to the build-up to the event, was the announcement that five European factory teams were planning to race in Florida. Those teams were Aston Martin, Ferrari, Jaguar, Maserati and Porsche.

With Ferrari determined to recapture the manufacturer's championship they lost Mercedes-Benz in 1955, Scuderia Ferrari was making its first factory appearance at Sebring. Accompanying the pair of 860 Monzas and a 857 S, were some of the best drivers in the world. They included the reigning World Champion, Juan Manuel Fangio, Eugenio Castellotti, Luigi Musso, Harry Schell, Alfonso de Portago and Olivier Gendebien.

Mike Hawthorn returned after winning in 1955, driving a factory Jaguar D-Type along with Desmond Titterington, Duncan Hamilton, Ivor Bueb, Bill Spear. Hawthorn's entrant from the previous year, Briggs Cunningham was now with the factory outfit, as was Indianapolis 500 winner, Bob Sweikert. A total of nine D-Types would start the race. The other English factory team, Aston Martin was led by Stirling Moss. He had won the opening race of the season, 1000km Buenos Aires for Maserati, but due to race for Aston Martin in Florida, partnership by Peter Collins, whom himself had switched from Ferrari. Their team-mates were Texan Carroll Shelby, Roy Salvadori, Tony Brooks and Reg Parnell with John Wyer managing the team.

Maserati was represented by a pair of 300Ss in the hands Jean Behra and Piero Taruffi driving one car while Carlos Menditéguy and Cesare Perdisa drove the other. Porsche send two of their Porsche 550 Spyder for Hans Herrmann and Wolfgang von Trips in one, and Ed Crawford and Herbert Linge in the other. In a private 550 Spyder, entered by John Edgar Enterprises were Jack McAfee and Pete Lovely.

Taking note of the press interest surrounding the race, General Motors dispatched John Fitch to Florida, in February 1956, in order to get a team of Chevrolet Corvettes sorted out for the 12-hour race. Much to Fitch's dismay the factory prepared ‘race-cars’ were totally unsuitable for the rough Sebring airport course.

### Qualifying

Because they were no qualifying sessions to set the grid, the starting positions were decided according to engine size with the 5.2 litre Corvette of John Fitch and Walt Hansgen in first place. Next was the 5.0 litre Ferrari 375 Plus of Troy Ruttman and Howard Hively. In third place should have been the 4.4 litre Ferrari 735 LM of Jim Kimberly and Ed Linken, however during practice, the car had more than once thrown a flywheel, so Kimberly withdraw the car. Scuderia Ferrari allowed Kimberly to drive with Alfonso de Portago in their 857 Monza. Next in line were three Corvettes with their 4.3 litre engines, and then came eight 3.4 litre Jaguars.

### Race

The race was held over 12 hours on the 5.2 miles Sebring International Raceway. An estimated 47,000 spectators showed on a warm and dry raceday. With the race starting promptly at 10am.

As his car was effective on pole position, Fitch's Corvette was the first car to cross the start line, but before he travelled 300 yards down to the first corner, he was passed by the fuel injected Jaguar D-Type of Mike Hawthorn. This, despite starting down in eighth. To some observes, Stirling Moss was the first to drive away from the grid, but as he started down in 26th he had his work cut out. At the end of the first lap, he was running second to Hawthorn by ten seconds. Juan Manuel Fangio was further six seconds adrift. Carroll Shelby was fourth another twelve seconds down the road. The dubious distinction of being the first retirement of the race went to the factory Corvette of Dale Duncan when the axle broke after just three laps.

After 60 minutes, Hawthorn's D-Type still held the lead followed by Moss in his Aston Martin, Fangio and Musso in their Ferrari, Hamilton in another D-Type. As it would transpire, a close battle between the factory entered D-Types and the 860 Monzas, would ensue for almost eight hours, with the lead changing nine times, as a leader would pit and almost immediately give up it to a competitor and then regain the lead when that car had to pit.

Just after the start of the third hour, the Maserati 300S of Menditéguy, hit hay bales in the Esses and flipped. As a result, he suffered serious injuries with skull fractures and deep lacerations in the face and arm. After a short delay while he laid bleeding trackside, Menditéguy was rushed to the American Red Cross mobile hospital. There, they stabilized him before transferring him to the Weems Hospital in Sebring. Meanwhile, he co-driver would transfer to the Behra/Taruffi 300S.

Around this time, Moss pitted and expressed his doubts that his car could last the distance. The mechanics did what they could and sent Collins out for his stint. Already the hot Florida day, the punishing pace and the rough Sebring track had taken their toll with seventeen cars having to be retired. At the head of the field, Hawthorn was leading from Behra, Fangio took up third, Collins fourth, with de Portago moving into fifth. For the next couple of hours, the lead changed several times between these drivers, with Shelby competing for a spot in the top five.

The D-Type of Hamilton/Bueb suffered an exploded brake cylinder and retired, around the fifth hour mark, while the Aston Martin of Moss/Collins was parked out on course with a terminal gearbox problem.

At the half-way point, the Hawthorn/Titteringham Jaguar was now back in the lead, when Fangio/Castellotti pitted. By now, more than a third of the field had retired. An hour later, Hawthorn was still leading, from Fangio, Musso, Spear and Portago, although Portago's Ferrari, with Kimberly driving, swallowed a valve and became the first Scuderia Ferrari to retire. A valve problem also took the D-Type of Spear and Sherwood Johnston out of the race. For the next four hours, the top three positions frequently changed between the Hawthorn/Titteringham Jaguar, the Fangio/Castellotti Ferrari and the Musso/Schell Ferrari.

Finally the pace was too much for the Hawthorn /Titterington Jaguar and it retired on lap 162 with just over ninety minutes to go in the race. Their D-Type had either led or was in second place for most of the race until the very last pit stop. When Hawthorn pulled into the pits for the last time the brakes were useless. They had locked up on him going into one of the turns and then stopped working. It seems that a brake piston gave way and he lost all brake fluid. The Jaguar mechanics worked on the car for more than fifteen minutes but by then it was too late. Having lost too many laps to the Ferrari of Fangio and Castellotti, they withdrew the car.

Castellotti began driving at a slower pace now that the Jaguar challenge was gone. He was determined that the car would finish, and started to lap slower than most of the remaining cars left in the race. However, he made sure not to slow down enough to give his team-mates Musso and Schell any chance of catching him. At 10pm, and after 12 hours of racing, Castellotti took the chequered flag, with his 860 Monza completing 194 laps, and a record distance of 1,008.8 miles, averaging a speed of 84.07 mph. This was the first time the thousand mile mark has been arching at the 12 Hours of Sebring.

Coming home in second was the Scuderia Ferrari 860 Monza of Musso and Schell, having completed 192 laps. On their first trip to Sebring, Maranello scored the first one-two sweep ever by a manufacturer. The podium was complete by the Jaguar D-Type of Sweikert, co-driven by Jack Ensley, the American pairing salvaging some honour for the English marque. In fourth, and also a class winner was the Aston Martin of Salvadori and Shelby. Only 24 of the original 59 starters were there at the finish.

## Official Classification

*Class Winners are in **Bold** text.*

| Pos | No | Class | Driver | | Entrant | Chassis | Laps | Reason Out |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1st** | **17** | **S5.0** | **Juan Manuel Fangio** | **Eugenio Castellotti** | **Scuderia Ferrari** | **Ferrari 860 Monza** | **12hr 00:31.198, 194** |  |
| 2nd | 18 | S5.0 | Luigi Musso | Harry Schell | Scuderia Ferrari | Ferrari 860 Monza | 192 |  |
| 3rd | 14 | S5.0 | Bob Sweikert | Jack Ensley | Jack Ensley | Jaguar D-Type | 188 |  |
| **4th** | **27** | **S3.0** | **Roy Salvadori** | **Carroll Shelby** | **David Brown & Sons, Ltd.** | **Aston Martin DB3S** | **187** |  |
| 5th | 24 | S3.0 | Jean Behra
Cesare Perdisa | Piero Taruffi | Officine Alfieri Maserati S.p.a. | Maserati 300S | 186 |  |
| **6th** | **41** | **S1.5** | **Hans Herrmann** | **Wolfgang von Trips** | **Porsche K.G.** | **Porsche 500 Spyder** | **182** |  |
| 7th | 43 | S1.5 | Jack McAfee | Pete Lovely | John Edgar Enterprises | Porsche 550 Spyder | 179 |  |
| 8th | 16 | S5.0 | Alfonso Gomez-Mena | Santiago González | Alfonso Mena | Jaguar D-Type | 176 |  |
| **9th** | **1** | **S8.0** | **John Fitch** | **Walt Hansgen** | Raceway Enterprises | **Chevrolet Corvette Special** | **176** |  |
| **10th** | **33** | **S2.0** | **Porfirio Rubirosa** | **Jim Pauley** | **Porfirio Rubirosa** | **Ferrari 500 Mondial** | **172** |  |
| DNF | 28 | S3.0 | Reg Parnell | Tony Brooks | David Brown & Sons, Ltd. | Aston Martin DB3S | 169 | Engine |
| 11th | 31 | S3.0 | Phil Stiles | George Huntoon | Ship & Shores Motors | Austin-Healey 100 S | 168 |  |
| 12th | 11 | S5.0 | Briggs Cunningham | John Gordon Bennett | B. S. Cunningham | Jaguar D-Type | 168 |  |
| 13th | 39 | S2.0 | Bob Ballenger | Phil Stewart | S. H. Arnolt | Arnolt -Bristol Bolide | 158 |  |
| DNF | 8 | S5.0 | Mike Hawthorn | Desmond Titterington | Jaguar of New York Distributors Inc. | Jaguar D-Type | 162 | Brakes |
| 14th | 66 | S1.5 | Mike Marshall
Huschke von Hanstein | Jan Brundage | Porsche KG | Porsche 550 | 158 |  |
| 15th | 6 | S5.0 | Max Goldman | Ray Crawford | Raceway Enterprises | Chevrolet Corvette C1 | 157 |  |
| **16th** | **58** | **S750** | **Paul Armagnac** | **Guillaume Mercader** | **Automobiles D.B.** | **D.B. – Panhard HBR 5** | **155** |  |
| 17th | 40 | S2.0 | Jim Peterson | Ted Boynton | S. H. Arnolt | Arnolt-Bristol Bolide | 154 |  |
| 18th | 37 | S2.0 | Joseph Hap Dressel | William F. Woodbury | J. H. Dressel | AC Ace | 154 |  |
| 19th | 50 | S1.5 | William Kinchloe | Stephen Spilter | Hambro Automotive Company | MGA | 151 |  |
| 20th | 49 | S1.5 | David Ash
John van Driel | Gus Ehrman | Hambro Automotive Company | MGA | 151 |  |
| **21st** | **55** | **S1.1** | **Leech Cracraft** | **Red Bryon** | **Cooper Car Co.** | **Cooper-Climax T39** | **147** |  |
| 22nd | 51 | S1.5 | Fred Allen | Sid W. Blackman | Hambro Automotive Company | MGA | 139 |  |
| DNF | 19 | S5.0 | Jim Kimberly | Alfonso de Portago | Scuderia Ferrari | Ferrari 857 S | 137 | Valve |
| 23rd | 3 | S5.0 | Don Davis | Robert Gatz | Carl Beuhler III | Chevrolet Corvette C1 | 136 |  |
| DNF | 67 | S2.0 | Jack Ryan |  | John Ryan | Arnolt -Bristol Bolide | 108 | Out of fuel |
| DNF | 22 | S3.0 | Chester Flynn | George Reed | Chester Flynn | Mercedes-Benz 300 SL | 126 | Camshaft |
| DNF | 10 | S5.0 | Bill Spear | Sherwood Johnston | Jaguar of New York Distributors Inc. | Jaguar D-Type | 127 | Value |
| DNF | 12 | S5.0 | Jake Kaplan | Russ Boss | Jake Kaplan | Jaguar D-Type | 120 | Brakes |
| DNF | 56 | S1.1 | Ed Hugus | John Bentley | Cooper Car Co. | Cooper-Climax T39 | 117 | Flat battery |
| DNF | 29 | S3.0 | Lance Macklin | Archie Scott Brown | Donald Healey Motors Co. Ltd. | Austin-Healey 100 S | 110 | Starter |
| DNF | 42 | S1.5 | Ed Crawford
Huschke von Hanstein | Herbert Linge | Porsche K.G. | Porsche 500 Spyder | 108 | Wheel |
| 24th | 54 | S1.1 | M. R. J. Wyllie | Margaret Wyllie | Dr. M. R. J. Wyllie | Lotus-Climax Mark IX | 99 |  |
| DNF | 30 | S3.0 | Roy Jackson-Moore | Elliot Forbes-Robinson | Donald Healey Motor Co. Ltd. | Austin-Healey 100 S | 90 | Engine |
| DNF | 35 | S2.0 | Mike Rothschild | George Hunt | Morgan Motors | Morgan-Triumph Plus 4 | 87 | Steering |
| DNF | 32 | S3.0 | Gene Greenspan | Bruce Kessler | William Greenspan | Ferrari 250 MM | 82 | Engine |
| DNF | 47 | S1.5 | Bobby Burns | Norman Scott | Allen Guiberson | Maserati 150S | 77 | Gearbox |
| DNF | 38 | S2.0 | S. H. Arnolt | Bob Goldrich | S. H. Arnolt | Arnolt -Bristol Bolide | 77 | Accident, steering |
| DNF | 15 | S5.0 | Lou Brero | Sam Weiss | A. A. Brown | Jaguar D-Type | 68 | Clutch |
| DNF | 9 | S5.0 | Duncan Hamilton | Ivor Bueb | Jaguar of New York Distributors Inc. | Jaguar D-Type | 63 | Brakes |
| DNF | 20 | S5.0 | Phil Hill | Masten Gregory | George Tilp | Ferrari 857 S | 61 | Bearings |
| DISQ | 53 | S1.1 | Warren Smith | Joe Sheppard | Joe Sheppard | Lotus-Climax Mark IX | 51 | Illegal repairs |
| DNF | 26 | S3.0 | Stirling Moss | Peter Collins | David Brown & Sons, Ltd. | Aston Martin DB3S | 51 | Gearbox |
| DNF | 63 | S1.1 | Ralph Miller | Harold Fenner | Ralph Miller | Lotus-Climax Eleven | 49 | Oil system |
| DNF | 2 | S5.0 | Troy Ruttman | Howard Hively | Howard Hively | Ferrari 375 Plus | 48 | Transmission |
| DNF | 25 | S3.0 | Cesare Perdisa | Carlos Menditéguy | Officine Alfieri Maserati S.p.A. | Maserati 300S | 39 | Accident |
| DNF | 62 | S5.0 | Loyal Katskee | Roger Wing | Loyal Katskee | Jaguar D-Type | 39 | Accident |
| DNF | 64 | S3.0 | William Brewsterbill | Bill Rutan | William Brewster | Austin-Healey 100 S | 39 | Clutch |
| DNF | 59 | S750 | Gérard Laureau | Hal Ullrich | Brooks Stevens | D.B. – Panhard HBR | 36 | Clutch |
| DNF | 52 | S1.1 | Curtis Attaway | Ralph Parkinson | Robert Brown | Cooper-Climax T39 | 26 | Valve |
| DNF | 60 | S750 | Harry Kite | François Crouzet | Harry Kite | D.B. – Panhard HBR | 25 | Accident |
| DNF | 7 | S5.0 | Ernie Erickson | Charles Hassan | Ernie Erickson | Chevrolet Corvette | 22 | Piston |
| DNF | 48 | S1.5 | Alejandro de Tomaso | Isabelle Haskell | Alessandro de Tomaso | Maserati 150S | 15 | Gearshift linkage |
| DNF | 46 | S1.5 | Bill Lloyd | Karl Brocken | William B. Lloyd | Maserati 150S | 13 | Gearbox |
| DNF | 57 | S1.1 | Mauricio Marcotulli | Ed Munoz | Touring y Automovil Clude de Venezuela | Osca MT4 1100 | 11 | Differential |
| DNF | 61 | S750 | Jean Lucas | John Norwood | Ecurie Lafayette | D.B. – Panhard HBR | 8 | Gearbox |
| DNF | 34 | S2.0 | Julio Pola | Enrique Muro | Touring y Automovil Clude de Venezuela | Ferrari 500 TR | 8 | Accident |
| DNF | 5 | S5.0 | Dale Duncan | William Eager | Raceway Enterprises | Chevrolet Corvette C1 | 3 | Real wheel |
| DNS | 3A | S5.0 | Jim Kimberly | Ed Lunken | Jim Kimberly | Ferrari 735 LM |  | Transmission |
| DNS | 21 | S3.0 | Paul O'Shea | Dick Thompson | George Tilp | Mercedes-Benz 300 SL |  | Oil leak |
| DNS | 23 | S3.0 | Charles Wallace | Duncan Black | Jack Pry | Mercedes-Benz 300 SL |  | Engine |
| DNS | 36 | S2.0 | John Weitz | Manuel Bos | Morgan Motors | Morgan-Triumph Plus 4 |  | Accident in practice |
| DNS | 44 | S1.5 | Rees Makins | Frank Bott | Automobili Osca S.p.a. | Osca MT4 1500 |  | Withdrawn |
| DNS | 46 | S2.0 | Colin Chapman | Len Bastrup | Lotus Engineering Co. | Lotus-Climax Eleven |  | Accident in practice |
| DNS |  | S5.0 | Fred Dagavar | Al Garz | Lillian Sands | Jaguar XK140 |  | did not start |
|

### Class Winners

| Class | Winners |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Class B - Sports 8000 | 1 | Chevrolet Corvette Special | Fitch / Hansgen |
| Class C - Sports 5000 | 17 | Ferrari 860 Monza | Fangio / Castellotti |
| Class D - Sports 3000 | 27 | Aston Martin DB3S | Salvadori / Shelby |
| Class E- Sports 2000 | 33 | Ferrari 500 Mondial II | Rubirosa / Pauley |
| Class F - Sports 1500 | 41 | Porsche 500 Spyder | Hermann / von Trips |
| Class G - Sports 1100 | 55 | Cooper-Climax T39 | Cracraft / Byron |
| Class H - Sports 750 | 58 | D.B. HBR - Panhard | Armagnac / Mercader |

## Standings after the race

| Pos | Championship | Points |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Ferrari | 14 |
| 2 | Maserati | 10 |
| 3 | Jaguar | 4 |
| 4 | Aston Martin | 3 |
| 5= | Mercedes-Benz | 1 |
|  | Porsche | 1 |
|

* **Note**: Only the top five positions are included in this set of standings.

Championship points were awarded for the first six places in each race in the order of 8-6-4-3-2-1. Manufacturers were only awarded points for their highest finishing car with no points awarded for positions filled by additional cars. Only the best 3 results out of the 5 races could be retained by each manufacturer. Points earned but not counted towards the championship totals are listed within brackets in the above table.

## Further reading

* Alec Ulmann. *The Sebring Story*. Chilton Book Company. ASIN B0006CUAP2.


title: Ernesto Enkerlin

abstract: Ernesto Christian Enkerlin Hoeflich is the Director of Conservation and Sustainability at Parque Fundidora. A prominent Mexican conservationist, environmentalist and researcher, he specializes in parrots' ecology, environmental policy, sustainability and biodiversity stewardship.

text:
# Ernesto Enkerlin

**Ernesto Christian Enkerlin Hoeflich** (born 14 December 1958 in Monterrey) is the Director of Conservation and Sustainability at Parque Fundidora. A prominent Mexican conservationist, environmentalist and researcher, he specializes in parrots' ecology, environmental policy, sustainability and biodiversity stewardship.

## Education

Enkerlin holds a Bachelor of Engineering degree in Agronomy and Animal Science from Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education (ITESM, 1980) and a doctorate degree in wildlife and fisheries sciences from Texas A&M University at College Station (1995).

## Career

He has worked as a research professor at the Center for Environmental Quality (ITESM) and as an adjunct research scientist for the Center for Environmental Research and Conservation of the Earth Institute at Columbia University, in the United States.

As a conservationist, Enkerlin has worked for several NGOs and co-founded *Amigos de la Naturaleza* and *Pronatura Noreste* before joining the National Commission on Protected Areas by presidential appointment. During his tenure, Mexico increased its protected area coverage by almost 50% adding over 8 million hectares in different protected area categories and also became the country in the world with the most international protected area designations which it holds to this date (2015). CONANP incorporated 26 new sites to the World Network of Biosphere Reserves and received recognition for over 125 wetlands of international importance under the Ramsar Convention. Additionally, Mexico incorporated Islands and Protected Areas of the Gulf of California (2005) and Monarch Butterfly Sanctuaries (2009) as natural sites under the World Heritage Convention. Enkerlin was also involved in negotiating and launching the first international agreement on wilderness signed by the governments of Canada, United States and Mexico in November, 2009, *Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation for Wilderness and Protected Areas Conservation* and in establishing the first wilderness area in Latin America.

Formerly, Enkerlin was the Leader of the Legacy for Sustainability (ITESM); chair, World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA-IUCN); Scientific President for Pronatura, Mexico's largest conservation NGO; and board member of the Global Institute for Sustainability (ITESM) and Fundación Coca-Cola. He is a retired Professor of Ecology and Sustainability from Monterrey Tech and has been dedicated to his family's sustainable vineyard and winery since 2016. He is the brother of notable Mexican entomologist Walther Enkerlin.

## Awards

His efforts at the National Commission on Protected areas of Mexico (CONANP), which he presided from 2001 to 2010, were distinguished with the 2005 Sultan Qaboos Prize for Environmental Preservation by UNESCO and one of the 2009 Distinguished Service Awards by the Society for Conservation Biology. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) awarded Enkerlin one of the 2008 Packard Awards and the Kenton Miller Award for Innovation in Protected Areas Conservation in 2009.

List of Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education faculty

## InfoBox

| Ernesto Enkerlin | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1958-12-14) 14 December 1958<br>Monterrey, N.L., Mexico |
| Nationality | Mexican |
| Alma mater | Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education, Texas A&M University |
| Awards | Sultan Qaboos Prize for Environmental Preservation (UNESCO, 2005) Kenton Miller Award for Innovation in Protected Areas Conservation (IUCN, 2009) |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Conservation biology; Sustainability |
| Institutions | Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education, World Commission on Protected Areas-IUCN, Earth Institute (Columbia University) |
| Doctoral advisor | Jane M. Packard |
|  | |


title: Ernesto España

abstract: Ernesto España is a Venezuelan former professional boxer who held the World Boxing Association lightweight championship in 1979 and 1980.

text:
# Ernesto España

**Ernesto España** (born November 7, 1954) is a Venezuelan former professional boxer who held the World Boxing Association lightweight championship in 1979 and 1980.

## Career

España became a professional boxer in 1975 and won all of his bouts except one, including one in 1981, when he beat future champion Arturo Frias. España fought Claude Noel on June 16, 1979, for the vacant WBA lightweight title that had been given up by Roberto Durán. España knocked out Noel in the thirteenth round to win the title. He defended it once, recuperating from a knockdown in round seven before knocking out Johnny Lira in round nine of a fight which has been showcased on ESPN Classic, before losing the title to Hilmer Kenty by knockout in round nine in March 1980. In a rematch in September, Kenty knocked España out again, this time in the fourth round.

For a period during this era, España was a resident of Puerto Rico.

When Frias won the WBA lightweight title, España challenged him but Frias avenged his only loss and won a technical decision over España in 1982.

España's next fight was another challenge for the WBA lightweight title, but this time Ray Mancini knocked him out in six rounds in July 1982. España never challenged for a world title again and retired in 1988.

## Professional boxing record

| 44 fights | 36 wins | 8 losses |
| --- | --- | --- |
| By knockout | 29 | 3 |
| By decision | 7 | 5 |

| No. | Result | Record | Opponent | Type | Round, Time | Date | Location | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 44 | Loss | 36–8 | Michael Benjamin | UD | 12 | Aug 29, 1988 | National Park, Georgetown, Guyana | For vacant WBC Continental Americas lightweight title |
| 43 | Loss | 36–7 | Lester Ellis | UD | 10 | Mar 13, 1987 | Melbourne Town Hall, Melbourne, Australia |  |
| 42 | Win | 36–6 | Junel Rodriguez | PTS | 12 | Jun 1, 1985 | Caracas, Venezuela | Won vacant WBC FECARBOX lightweight title |
| 41 | Loss | 35–6 | Rafael Williams | MD | 10 | Jan 19, 1985 | Arena Panama Al Brown, Colón City, Panama |  |
| 40 | Loss | 35–5 | Ray Mancini | TKO | 6 (15), 2:59 | Jul 24, 1982 | Mollenkopf Stadium, Warren, Ohio, U.S. | For WBA lightweight title |
| 39 | Loss | 35–4 | Arturo Frias | TD | 9 (15), 0:26 | Jan 30, 1982 | Olympic Auditorium, Los Angeles, California, U.S. | For WBA lightweight title; Unanimous technical decision |
| 38 | Win | 35–3 | Eduardo Iriarte | PTS | 10 | Nov 17, 1981 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 37 | Win | 34–3 | Jose Rosas | TKO | 5 (10) | Oct 26, 1981 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 36 | Win | 33–3 | Alvin Fowler | TKO | 3 (10) | Aug 24, 1981 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 35 | Win | 32–3 | Jong Kil Chung | TKO | 6 (10) | Jul 20, 1981 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 34 | Win | 31–3 | Arturo Frias | MD | 10 | May 30, 1981 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 33 | Win | 30–3 | Jose Ortiz | KO | 2 (10) | May 9, 1981 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 32 | Win | 29–3 | Ki Hoon Kwak | KO | 5 (10) | Apr 13, 1981 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 31 | Win | 28–3 | Eduardo Iriarte | PTS | 10 | Feb 21, 1981 | El Poliedro, Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 30 | Loss | 27–3 | Hilmer Kenty | TKO | 4 (15), 2:57 | Sep 20, 1980 | Hiram Bithorn Stadium, San Juan, Puerto Rico | For WBA lightweight title |
| 29 | Loss | 27–2 | Hilmer Kenty | TKO | 9 (15), 2:53 | Mar 2, 1980 | Joe Louis Arena, Detroit, Michigan, U.S. | Lost WBA lightweight title |
| 28 | Win | 27–1 | Johnny Lira | RTD | 9 (15), 3:00 | Aug 4, 1979 | Conrad Hilton Hotel, Chicago, Illinois, U.S. | Retained WBA lightweight title |
| 27 | Win | 26–1 | Claude Noel | KO | 13 (15) | Jun 16, 1979 | Roberto Clemente Coliseum, San Juan, Puerto Rico | Won vacant WBA lightweight title |
| 26 | Win | 25–1 | Eddie Bracetty | TKO | 1 (10) | Mar 25, 1979 | Hiram Bithorn Stadium, San Juan, Puerto Rico |  |
| 25 | Win | 24–1 | Fernando Jimenez | TKO | 6 (10) | Feb 19, 1979 | San Juan, Puerto Rico |  |
| 24 | Win | 23–1 | Johnny Barr | KO | 1 (10) | Oct 28, 1978 | Roberto Clemente Coliseum, San Juan, Puerto Rico |  |
| 23 | Win | 22–1 | Bienvenido Quinto | TKO | 1 (10) | Sep 9, 1978 | Hiram Bithorn Stadium, San Juan, Puerto Rico |  |
| 22 | Win | 21–1 | Tony Arias | KO | 1 (10) | Aug 12, 1978 | Maestranza Cesar Giron, Maracay, Venezuela |  |
| 21 | Win | 20–1 | Teodoro Osuna | KO | 1 (10) | Jul 8, 1978 | Roberto Clemente Coliseum, San Juan, Puerto Rico |  |
| 20 | Win | 19–1 | Gerardo Aceves | KO | 2 (10) | Apr 22, 1978 | Roberto Clemente Coliseum, San Juan, Puerto Rico |  |
| 19 | Win | 18–1 | Angel Rosas | TKO | 3 (10) | Aug 27, 1977 | Roberto Clemente Coliseum, San Juan, Puerto Rico |  |
| 18 | Win | 17–1 | Salvador Torres | KO | 1 (10) | Jul 3, 1977 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 17 | Win | 16–1 | Milton Mendez | KO | 1 (10) | May 15, 1977 | Nuevo Circo, Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 16 | Win | 15–1 | Isaac Marin | TKO | 5 (10) | Jan 30, 1977 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 15 | Win | 14–1 | Ricardo Arredondo | PTS | 10 | Nov 14, 1976 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 14 | Win | 13–1 | Andres Fernandez | KO | 1 (10) | Oct 16, 1976 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 13 | Win | 12–1 | Rolando Martinez | KO | 1 (10) | Aug 29, 1976 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 12 | Win | 11–1 | Clemente Mucino | KO | 1 (10) | Aug 22, 1976 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 11 | Win | 10–1 | Julio Pena | TKO | 1 (10) | Jul 11, 1976 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 10 | Win | 9–1 | Juan Sarmiento | TKO | 3 (10) | Jun 13, 1976 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 9 | Win | 8–1 | Luis Beltran Rodriguez | PTS | 10 | Mar 6, 1976 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 8 | Win | 7–1 | Danton Morillo | KO | 2 (6) | Feb 28, 1976 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 7 | Win | 6–1 | Cesar Chavez | KO | 2 (6) | Feb 18, 1976 | Maturín, Venezuela |  |
| 6 | Win | 5–1 | Ruben Arias | KO | 1 (6) | Nov 17, 1975 | Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic |  |
| 5 | Win | 4–1 | Luis Romero | TKO | 2 (6) | Oct 4, 1975 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 4 | Loss | 3–1 | Luis Beltran Rodriguez | PTS | 6 | Aug 25, 1975 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 3 | Win | 3–0 | Freddy Briceno | TKO | 3 (6) | Aug 8, 1975 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 2 | Win | 2–0 | Jose Figuerero | PTS | 4 | Jul 14, 1975 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |
| 1 | Win | 1–0 | Hernan Rodriguez | TKO | 1 (4) | Mar 17, 1975 | Caracas, Venezuela |  |

## Personal life

His brother Crisanto España won the WBA world welterweight title in the early 1990s, when he beat Meldrick Taylor and lost it in his third defense to Ike Quartey.

## InfoBox

| Ernesto España | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1954-11-07) November 7, 1954<br>La Flor, Venezuela |
| **Statistics** | |
| Weight(s) | Lightweight |
| Height | 5 ft 11 in (180 cm) |
| Reach | 72 in (183 cm) |
| Stance | Orthodox |
|  | |
| **Boxing record** | |
| Total fights | 44 |
| Wins | 36 |
| Wins by KO | 29 |
| Losses | 8 |
|  | |


abstract: The men's 4 × 400 metres relay competition at the 2018 Asian Games took place on 29 and 30 August 2018 at the Gelora Bung Karno Stadium. Qatar won the gold medal for the first time in this event.

text:
# Athletics at the 2018 Asian Games – Men's 4 × 400 metres relay

The **men's 4 × 400 metres relay** competition at the 2018 Asian Games took place on 29 and 30 August 2018 at the Gelora Bung Karno Stadium. Qatar won the gold medal for the first time in this event.

## Schedule

All times are Western Indonesia Time (UTC+07:00)

| Date | Time | Event |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Wednesday, 29 August 2018 | 19:50 | Round 1 |
| Thursday, 30 August 2018 | 20:40 | Final |

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing world, Asian and Games records were as follows.

| **World Record** | United States | **2:54.29** | Stuttgart, Germany | 22 August 1993 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Asian Record** | Japan | **3:00.76** | Atlanta, United States | 3 August 1996 |
| **Games Record** | Japan | **3:01.70** | Bangkok, Thailand | 19 December 1998 |

## Results

### Round 1

* **Qualification:** First 3 in each heat (**Q**) and the next 2 fastest (**q**) advance to the final.

#### Heat 1

| Rank | Team | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Japan (JPN)
Jun Kimura
Sho Kawamoto
Takatoshi Abe
Julian Walsh | 3:06.11 | Q |
| 2 | India (IND)
Kunhu Muhammed
K. S. Jeevan
Jithu Baby
Dharun Ayyasamy | 3:06.48 | Q |
| 3 | Iraq (IRQ)
Yasir Ali
Ihab Jabbar
Ahmed Fadhil
Taha Hussein | 3:06.92 | Q |
| 4 | China (CHN)
Wu Yuang
Cai Junqi
Lu Zhiquan
Yang Lei | 3:06.98 | q |
| 5 | Pakistan (PAK)
Umar Sadat
Mazhar Ali
Muhammad Nadeem
Mehboob Ali | 3:08.20 | q |

#### Heat 2

| Rank | Team | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Qatar (QAT)
Abderrahman Samba
Mohamed Nasir Abbas
Mohamed El-Nour
Abdalelah Haroun | 3:06.08 | Q |
| 2 | Bahrain (BRN)
Musa Isah
Ali Khamis
Abdulrahman Khamis
Abbas Abubakar Abbas | 3:06.29 | Q |
| 3 | Sri Lanka (SRI)
Aruna Darshana
Ajith Premakumara
Pasindu Kodikara
Kalinga Kumarage | 3:06.66 | Q |
| 4 | Thailand (THA)
Apisit Chamsri
Pipatporn Paungpi
Jirayu Pleenaram
Phitchaya Sunthonthuam | 3:08.50 |  |
| 5 | Chinese Taipei (TPE)
Yu Chia-hsuan
Chen Chieh
Yu Chen-yi
Yang Lung-hsiang | 3:08.76 |  |
| 6 | Indonesia (INA)
Umar Wira
Heru Astriyanto
Ifan Anugrah Setiawan
Andrian | 3:14.01 |  |

### Final

| Rank | Team | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Qatar (QAT)
Abderrahman Samba
Mohamed Nasir Abbas
Mohamed El-Nour
Abdalelah Haroun | 3:00.56 | **AR** |
|  | India (IND)
Kunhu Muhammed
Dharun Ayyasamy
Muhammed Anas
Arokia Rajiv | 3:01.85 |  |
|  | Japan (JPN)
Julian Walsh
Yuki Koike
Takatoshi Abe
Shota Iizuka | 3:01.94 |  |
| 4 | Sri Lanka (SRI)
Aruna Darshana
Ajith Premakumara
Pasindu Kodikara
Kalinga Kumarage | 3:02.74 |  |
| 5 | Bahrain (BRN)
Musa Isah
Ali Khamis
Abdulrahman Khamis
Abbas Abubakar Abbas | 3:03.97 | NR |
| 6 | China (CHN)
Wu Yuang
Cai Junqi
Lu Zhiquan
Yang Lei | 3:07.16 |  |
| 7 | Iraq (IRQ)
Yasir Ali
Ihab Jabbar
Ahmed Fadhil
Taha Hussein | 3:07.64 |  |
| 8 | Pakistan (PAK)
Umar Sadat
Mazhar Ali
Muhammad Nadeem
Mehboob Ali | 3:08.87 |  |

## InfoBox

| Men's 4 × 400 metres relay
at the 2018 Asian Games | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Gelora Bung Karno Stadium |
| Date | 29–30 August |
| Competitors | 48 from 11 nations |
| Medalists | |
|  | |
|


abstract: The men's 5000 metres competition at the 2018 Asian Games took place on 30 August 2018 at the Gelora Bung Karno Stadium.

text:
# Athletics at the 2018 Asian Games – Men's 5000 metres

The **men's 5000 metres** competition at the 2018 Asian Games took place on 30 August 2018 at the Gelora Bung Karno Stadium.

## Schedule

All times are Western Indonesia Time (UTC+07:00)

| Date | Time | Event |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Thursday, 30 August 2018 | 20:00 | Final |

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing world, Asian and Games records were as follows.

| **World Record** | Kenenisa Bekele (ETH) | **12:37.35** | Hengelo, Netherlands | 31 May 2004 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Asian Record** | Albert Rop (BRN) | **12:51.96** | Monaco | 19 July 2013 |
| **Games Record** | Mohamad Al-Garni (QAT) | **13:26.13** | Incheon, South Korea | 27 September 2014 |

## Results

Legend * **DNS** — Did not start

| Rank | Athlete | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Birhanu Balew (BRN) | 13:43.17 |  |
|  | Albert Rop (BRN) | 13:43.76 |  |
|  | Tariq Al-Amri (KSA) | 13:56.49 |  |
| 4 | Hossein Keyhani (IRI) | 14:08.69 |  |
| 5 | Yaser Bagharab (QAT) | 14:16.68 |  |
| 6 | Govindan Lakshmanan (IND) | 14:17.09 |  |
| 7 | Nguyễn Văn Lai (VIE) | 14:56.09 |  |
| 8 | Syamsuddin Massa (INA) | 15:03.76 |  |
| 9 | Nabil Al-Garbi (YEM) | 15:04.85 |  |
| 10 | Nursultan Keneshbekov (KGZ) | 15:07.59 |  |
| 11 | Abdulaziz Al-Abdi (YEM) | 15:09.14 |  |
| 12 | Felisberto de Deus (TLS) | 15:10.71 |  |
|  | Dambadarjaagiin Gantulga (MGL) | DNS |  |
|  | Narandulamyn Mönkhbayar (MGL) | DNS |  |
|  | Kieran Tuntivate (THA) | DNS |  |

## InfoBox

| Men's 5000 metres <br>at the 2018 Asian Games | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Gelora Bung Karno Stadium |
| Date | 30 August |
| Competitors | 15 from 12 nations |
| Medalists | |
| Bahrain  Bahrain  Saudi Arabia | |
|


abstract: The men's javelin throw competition at the 2018 Asian Games took place on 27 August 2018 at the Gelora Bung Karno Stadium.

text:
# Athletics at the 2018 Asian Games – Men's javelin throw

The **men's javelin throw** competition at the 2018 Asian Games took place on 27 August 2018 at the Gelora Bung Karno Stadium.

## Schedule

All times are Western Indonesia Time (UTC+07:00)

| Date | Time | Event |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Monday, 27 August 2018 | 18:45 | Final |

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing world, Asian and Games records were as follows.

| **World Record** | Jan Železný (CZE) | **98.48** | Jena, Germany | 25 May 1996 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Asian Record** | Cheng Chao-tsun (TPE) | **91.36** | Taipei, Taiwan | 26 August 2017 |
| **Games Record** | Zhao Qinggang (CHN) | **89.15** | Incheon, South Korea | 2 October 2014 |

## Results

| Rank | Athlete | Attempt | | | | | | Result | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | | |
|  | Neeraj Chopra (IND) | 83.46 | X | 88.06 | 83.25 | 86.36 | X | **88.06** |  |
|  | Liu Qizhen (CHN) | 82.22 | 78.58 | 81.43 | 75.69 | 75.51 | 71.04 | **82.22** |  |
|  | Arshad Nadeem (PAK) | 73.52 | 76.73 | 72.20 | 80.75 | 77.56 | 72.22 | **80.75** |  |
| 4 | Ma Qun (CHN) | 78.03 | 76.44 | 80.46 | 79.31 | 77.98 | X | **80.46** |  |
| 5 | Cheng Chao-tsun (TPE) | 79.81 | 75.61 | X | 79.62 | X | X | **79.81** |  |
| 6 | Ahmed Bader Magour (QAT) | 75.49 | X | 75.51 | 75.78 | 78.23 | X | **78.23** |  |
| 7 | Ryohei Arai (JPN) | 73.71 | 74.71 | 75.24 | X | X | X | **75.24** |  |
| 8 | Shivpal Singh (IND) | 74.11 |  |  |  |  | X | **74.11** |  |
| 9 | Huang Shih-feng (TPE) | 73.28 | X | 73.86 |  |  |  | **73.86** |  |
| 10 | Peerachet Jantra (THA) | 72.85 | 70.10 | 70.46 |  |  |  | **72.85** |  |
| 11 | Ricky Hui (HKG) | 71.78 | 62.76 | 64.65 |  |  |  | **71.78** |  |
| 12 | Abd Hafiz (INA) | 66.93 | 67.47 | 66.18 |  |  |  | **67.47** |  |
| 13 | Mohamed Ibrahim Kaida (QAT) | X | X | 60.13 |  |  |  | **60.13** |  |

## InfoBox

| Men's javelin throw <br>at the 2018 Asian Games | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Gelora Bung Karno Stadium |
| Date | 27 August |
| Competitors | 13 from 9 nations |
| Medalists | |
| India  China  Pakistan | |
|


abstract: Elections to the Labour Party's Shadow Cabinet occurred in November 1956. In addition to the 12 members elected, the Leader, Deputy Leader, Labour Chief Whip, Labour Leader in the House of Lords were automatically members. The results of the election are listed below: † Multiple candidates tied for position.

text:
# 1956 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election

Elections to the Labour Party's Shadow Cabinet (more formally, its "Parliamentary Committee") occurred in November 1956. In addition to the 12 members elected, the Leader (Hugh Gaitskell), Deputy Leader (Jim Griffiths), Labour Chief Whip (Herbert Bowden), Labour Leader in the House of Lords (A. V. Alexander) were automatically members.

The results of the election are listed below:

| Colour
key | Retained in the Shadow Cabinet |
| --- | --- |
| | Joined the Shadow Cabinet |
| | Voted out of the Shadow Cabinet |

| Rank
 | Candidate
 | Constituency
 | Votes
 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Harold Wilson | Huyton | 185 |
| 2 | Alfred Robens | Blyth | 149 |
| 3 | Aneurin Bevan | Ebbw Vale | 148 |
| 4 | Dick Mitchison | Kettering | 146 |
| 5 | James Callaghan | Cardiff South-East | 140 |
| 6† | Tony Greenwood | Rossendale | 137 |
| 6† | Frank Soskice | Sheffield, Neepsend | 137 |
| 8 | Philip Noel-Baker | Derby South | 133 |
| 9 | Edith Summerskill | Fulham West | 112 |
| 10 | George Brown | Belper | 110 |
| 11 | Kenneth Younger | Grimsby | 106 |
| 12 | Tom Fraser | Hamilton | 98 |
| 13 | Arthur Bottomley | Rochester and Chatham | 91 |
| 14 | Lynn Ungoed-Thomas | Leicester North East | 90 |
| 15 | Richard Stokes | Ipswich | 69 |
|

† Multiple candidates tied for position.


title: Erik Niva

abstract: Erik Magnus Niva, is a Swedish sportsjournalist for Sportbladet. He also is a studio expert for VIASAT Fotboll.

text:
# Erik Niva

**Erik Magnus Niva**, (born 28 November 1978) is a Swedish sportsjournalist for Sportbladet. He also is a studio expert for VIASAT Fotboll.

## Career

Nivas first journalistic work was to cover the sled dog races for the Swedish championships for Norrbottens-Kuriren. His career as a football journalist started for the football magazine FourFourTwo in London. He studied journalism at Umeå University and also at Mitthögskolan and in 2003 he started working for Sportbladet.

In 2008, Niva published the book *Den nya världsfotbollen*, in 2010 he published the book *Liven längs linjen*. Since 2010, Niva works for VIASAT Fotboll and is a studio expert for football matches such as in the Premier League.

In 2016, Niva participated in the SVT show *På spåret* in team with Charlotte Gyllenhammar.

In 2001, Niva participated in the first season of the reality series *The Farm* which was broadcast on TV4.

In 2019, Niva started the swedish football-history podcast ”When we were kings” together with Håkan Andreasson.

## Bibliography

* *Den nya världsfotbollen* – 2008
* *Liven längs linjen* – 2010
* *Utväg: Fotboll* – 2014
* Känner ni vibbarna? : fotbollen och det nya Sverige - 2016

1. "SvenskaFans". *svenskafans.com*. Archived from the original on 28 August 2020. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
2. "Liven längs linjen – Erik Niva – Bok | Akademibokhandeln". *akademibokhandeln.se*. Archived from the original on 28 August 2020. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
3. "Erik Niva till Viasat". *Resume*. Archived from the original on 28 August 2020. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
4. ""På spåret" skenar mot final – i kväll gör lagen upp". *Sydsvenskan*. Archived from the original on 7 March 2017. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
5. "DEBATT: Så bluffade jag mig in i Farmen". *Aftonbladet*. Archived from the original on 28 August 2020. Retrieved 28 August 2020.

Media related to Erik Niva at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Erik Niva | |
| --- | --- |
| Niva celebrating the U21-Team footballers in Kungsträdgården (2015) | |
| Born | (1978-11-28) 28 November 1978<br>Malmberget, Sweden |
| Occupation | sportsjournalist |


title: Anne Louise Brillon de Jouy

abstract: Anne Louise Brillon de Jouy was a French musician and composer. Born in Paris, she lived in Passy and played and composed for the harpsichord and the piano. She learned to play the harpsichord as a child.

text:
# Anne Louise Brillon de Jouy

**Anne Louise Brillon de Jouy** (née **Boyvin d'Hardancourt**; 13 December 1744  5 December 1824) was a French musician and composer. Born in Paris, she lived in Passy and played and composed for the harpsichord and the piano. She learned to play the harpsichord as a child.

## Life

Her parents were Marie-Élisabeth, (née Martin) (1723-1785) and Louis-Claude Boyvin d'Hardancourt (c. 1710–1756), a royal tax clerk. In October 1763 Anne Louise married tax clerk Jacques Brillon de Jouy (1722-1787), 22 years her elder. They had two daughters, Cunégonde and Aldegonde. Cunégonde went on to marry the General Antoine Marie Paris d'Illins.

She died at Villers-sur-Mer, Calvados, aged 79.

## Career

Every Wednesday and Saturday Anne Louise held a salon at her house in the country in Passy, which became a permanent fixture. Foreign musicians passing through Paris performed with her. In doing so, she acquired an excellent reputation as a musician and composer, despite not performing publicly or having any of her compositions published. Several composers dedicated sonatas to her, including Johann Schobert, Luigi Boccherini, Charles Burney, Ernst Eichner, and Henri-Joseph Rigel.

Her compositions number almost 90. Most are instrumental chamber music, including solo and accompanied keyboard sonatas; sonatas for cello, violin or harp; trios for two harpsichords and piano; and vocal music. She wrote music to perform herself and with the two Brillon daughters, Cunégonde and Aldegonde. The piano music written for her own performance is virtuosic, incorporating new keyboard techniques and sonorities, along with a number of innovations usually associated with later pianist-composers such as Czerny and Liszt. Her manuscripts are in a private French collection and in the American Philosophical Society library in Philadelphia.

When Benjamin Franklin arrived in Paris in 1777 as ambassador from the American colonies, he lived near the Brillon residence and was a welcome guest at her distinguished salon, which he described as 'my Opera', where there are 'little Concerts' with music and singing. After his return to America in 1785, he and Mme Brillon maintained an active correspondence.

In 1767, Boccherini composed in Paris his *Six Sonatas for Pianoforte and Violin op 5*. The set was dedicated to Anne Louise Brillon: *Madame, I have never before composed for the keyboard; I heard you play on that instrument, and then I wrote these sonatas; the homage that I offer you through them is, simultaneously, a fitting tribute, and one of reconnaissance; you have inspired them, and you embellish them.* The piano was a relatively new instrument when Boccherini wrote his *Six Sonatas op 5*, but Anne Louise Brillon de Jouy inspired him to write the keyboard part specifically for the new instrument, including dynamic markings. When the sonatas were published in 1769, the reference to the pianoforte was replaced by "harpsichord" and many dynamic markings were removed because the harpsichord was still the dominant keyboard instrument, and the publisher had to adapt the sonatas for commercial reasons. Charles Burney wrote of her, *She is one of the greatest lady-players on the harpsichord in Europe. This lady (...) plays the most difficult pieces with great precision, taste and feeling (...). She likewise composes, and she was so obliging as to play several of her own pieces both on the harpsichord and pianoforte accompanied with the violin by M. Pagin, who is reckoned in France the best scholar of Tartini ever made.*

In 1777, she composed the *Marche des insurgents* (*March of the Insurgents*) to celebrate an American victory in the American Revolutionary War.

## Works

88 pieces have been listed to date.

1775-1783:

* *Trio pour trois clavecins en ut-mineur (ou pour piano anglais, piano allemand et clavecin)*. (Trio for three harpsichords in C-minor; or for English piano, German piano, and harpsichord)
* *Premier recueil d'œuvres pour clavecin ou pianoforte avec 15 sonates pour pianoforte et violon*. (First collection of works for harpsichord or pianoforte with 15 sonatas for pianoforte and violin)
* *Sonate en la mineur pour pianoforte*. (Sonata in A minor for pianoforte)
* *Trio pour pianoforte, violon et violoncelle en sol mineur*. (Trio for piano, violin, and cello in G minor)
* *Quatuor pour clavecin, deux violons et contrebasse en mi mineur*. (Quartet for harpsichord, two violins, and double bass in E minor)

1777:

* *Marche des insurgents*, (March of the Insurgents, which was first published in an arrangement for brass quintet in 1992 by the Hildegard Publishing Company)

1779-1785:

* *Duos pour clavecin et pianoforte*. (Duets for harpsichord and pianoforte).

Madame Brillon appears in the children's book *Ben and Me* (1939) by Robert Lawson, where she is the subject of an elaborate, humorous full-page illustration. She does not appear in Disney's 1953 Academy Award-nominated animated short film adaptation of the book.

She is played by the actress Ludivine Sagnier in the 2024 Apple original television series, Franklin.

## Bibliography

* Christine de Pas, *Madame Brillon de Jouy et son salon : Une musicienne des Lumières, intime de Benjamin Franklin,* Paris, Éditions du Petit Page, 2014, 306 p. (ISBN 978-2-9538403-4-6, BNF 44213135).
* Rebecca Cypess, *Women and Musical Salons in the Enlightenment* Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2022. 368 p. ISBN 9780226817910.

## Discography

"The Piano Sonatas Rediscovered", Nicolas Horvath, piano. Naxos: Grand Piano GP872-73 (2020). 2-CD album.

"In the Salon of Madame Brillon: Music and Friendship in Benjamin Franklin's Paris", The Raritan Players, directed by Rebecca Cypess. Acis Productions APL40158 (2021).

## InfoBox

| Anne Louise Brillon de Jouy | |
| --- | --- |
| Portrait of Anne Louise Brillon de Jouy painted by Jean-Honoré Fragonard | |
| Born | Anne Loise Boyvin d'Hardancourt
13 December 1744
Paris |
| Died | 5 December 1824
Villers-sur-Mer (Calvados) |
| Nationality | French |
| Occupation(s) | musician and composer |


title: 1981 in France

abstract: Events from the year 1981 in France.

text:
# 1981 in France

Events from the year **1981 in France**.

## Incumbents

## Events

## Births

### January to March

### April to June

### July to September

### October to December

## Deaths

### January to June

### July to December

### Full date unknown

Media related to 1981 in France at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Decades: |  |
| See also: | Other events in 1981
History of France **·** Timeline **·**
Years |


title: 1988 South Coast state by-election

text:
# 1988 South Coast state by-election

A by-election was held in the Legislative Assembly of Queensland seat of South Coast on 28 August 1988. It was triggered by the resignation of sitting National Party member Russ Hinze.

The seat was retained by the National Party with the election of candidate Judy Gamin.

## Background

Russ Hinze was first elected to parliament at the 1966 state election as the Country Party member for South Coast. In 1974, he became a minister in the government of Joh Bjelke-Petersen, holding several portfolios up until the end of Bjelke-Petersen's reign in December 1987. Like Bjelke-Petersen, Hinze was disgraced by the revelations of the Fitzgerald Inquiry, a probe into government and police corruption. He was therefore left out of the new government led by Premier Mike Ahern. Hinze became a fierce critic of Ahern before resigning his seat on 24 May 1988.

Due to recent losses by the Nationals at the Barambah state and Groom federal by-elections, winning South Coast was seen as critical by the Nationals.

## Candidates

The by-election attracted a field of ten candidates. With South Coast being a reliably conservative electorate, the two most notable candidates were therefore those of the National Party and the Liberal Party; businesswomen and regional party vice-president Judy Gamin and Bob Quinn respectively. Lindsay Hartwig, formerly a National Party and independent member for the rural seat of Callide, stood on behalf of the far right Citizens Electoral Council. Philip Black, a supporter of Joh Bjelke-Petersen and former Young Nationals president who had been expelled from the National Party, ran as an independent with Sir Joh's verbal endorsement. Bruce Whiteside, founder of the anti-Japanese investment group "Heart of a Nation", also nominated, although his New Zealand citizenship posed a public perception problem for his campaign given the number of New Zealand companies buying up land in the Gold Coast.

## Results

Judy Gamin of the National Party prevailed narrowly over the Liberal Party's Bob Quinn.

South Coast state by-election, 1988
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | National | Judy Gamin | 5,716 | 30.43 | −19.26 |
|  | Liberal | Bob Quinn | 5,426 | 28.89 | +8.86 |
|  | Labor | Dallas Watson | 4,293 | 22.85 | −7.42 |
|  | Independent | Philip Black | 1,488 | 7.92 | +7.92 |
|  | Citizens Electoral Council | Lindsay Hartwig | 589 | 3.14 | +3.14 |
|  | Democrats | Anthony William Kennedy | 571 | 2.51 | +2.51 |
|  | Australian Independent | Bruce Whiteside | 420 | 2.30 | +2.30 |
|  | ASSP | Ennis Groom | 225 | 1.20 | +1.20 |
|  | Independent | James Drabsch | 83 | 0.44 | +0.44 |
|  | Independent | John Kachel | 61 | 0.32 | +0.32 |
| Total formal votes | | | 18,784 | 95.27 | −2.75 |
| Informal votes | | | 932 | 4.73 | +2.75 |
| Turnout | | | 19,716 | 77.60 | −10.22 |
| Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | National | Judy Gamin | 9,464 | 50.38 |  |
|  | Liberal | Bob Quinn | 9,320 | 49.62 |  |
|  | National **hold** | | **Swing** |  |  |

## Aftermath

Seeking a second term as the member for South Coast, Judy Gamin was defeated at the 1989 state election by Bob Quinn who was once again standing as the Liberal Party candidate.


abstract: The Amalgamated National Union of Quarryworkers and Settmakers (ANUQ&S) was a trade union representing quarry workers in Britain and the Channel Islands. The union was founded in 1914, when the National Union of Quarrymen merged with the Settmakers' Union of Great Britain and Ireland. On formation, it had 4,378 members. The union had members from Scotland to the Channel Islands, although half of its members were in North Wales and the English Midlands. It was based at Leicester, where its secretary, James Slevin, and president, William Bennett, were based. The union also had a full-time branch secretary based on Guernsey, named Ozanne. By the 1930s, the union's membership was in long-term decline, and its executive decided to merge with the National Union of General and Municipal Workers (NUGMW). At the time it claimed 8,000 members, although this included unemployed members who paid no membership fees. Despite this, it was the largest union to join the NUGMW since its formation in 1924. The merger was enacted at the start of 1934, with Bennett and Slevin both retiring in the summer, while Ozanne continued working for the new union.

text:
# Amalgamated National Union of Quarryworkers and Settmakers

The **Amalgamated National Union of Quarryworkers and Settmakers** (ANUQ&S) was a trade union representing quarry workers in Britain and the Channel Islands.

The union was founded in 1914, when the National Union of Quarrymen merged with the Settmakers' Union of Great Britain and Ireland. On formation, it had 4,378 members.

The union had members from Scotland to the Channel Islands, although half of its members were in North Wales and the English Midlands. It was based at Leicester, where its secretary, James Slevin, and president, William Bennett, were based. The union also had a full-time branch secretary based on Guernsey, named Ozanne.

By the 1930s, the union's membership was in long-term decline, and its executive decided to merge with the National Union of General and Municipal Workers (NUGMW). At the time it claimed 8,000 members, although this included unemployed members who paid no membership fees. Despite this, it was the largest union to join the NUGMW since its formation in 1924. The merger was enacted at the start of 1934, with Bennett and Slevin both retiring in the summer, while Ozanne continued working for the new union.

1. John B. Smethurst and Peter Carter, *Historical Directory of Trade Unions*, vol.6, p.538
2. Clegg, H. A. (1954). *General Union*. Oxford: Basil Blackwell. pp. 282–284.


title: 1. FC Bocholt

abstract: 1. FC Bocholt is a German association football club based in Bocholt, North Rhine-Westphalia.

text:
# 1. FC Bocholt

**1. FC Bocholt** is a German association football club based in Bocholt, North Rhine-Westphalia.

## History

The team was founded 21 August 1900 as *Fußball-Club Bocholt* and in 1919 was joined by *VfvB Bocholt*, which had been established in 1917 as *Ballverein Bocholt*. In 1937, they merged with another local side, *Ballspielverein 1919 Bocholt*, which had played as the football department of *Turnverein Phönix Bocholt* until 1936. The new club played as *BV 1900 Bocholt* until after World War II and adopted its current name in 1946.

*1. FC* enjoyed its greatest successes through the late 1970s and early 1980s playing third-division football. They earned short-lived single-season promotions to the 2. Bundesliga in 1977–78 and 1980–81. The club also made several appearances in DFB-Pokal (German Cup) play in that period and in 1984 advanced as far as the quarter-finals before going out 2–1 to *FC Bayern Munich*.

After slipping out of the Regionaliga West/Südwest (III) in 1997, Bocholt played for a decade in the Oberliga Nordrhein (IV) as a mid-to-lower table side. The club had a poor 2006–07 campaign and was relegated to the Verbandsliga Niederrhein (V) play. The club dropped as far as the Landesliga Niederrhein, but a division title there in 2014 took it back up to what is now the Oberliga Niederrhein.

## Honours

The club's honours:

## Players

### Current squad

*As of 15 September 2024*

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

| No. Pos. Nation Player  1 GK  LUX Lucas Fox  2 DF  GER Julian Riedel  3 DF  GER Philipp Hanke  4 DF  GER Kaspar Harbering  5 DF  GER Dawyn-Paul Donner  6 MF  GER Dominik Klann  7 MF  GER Raphael Assibey-Mensah  8 DF  GER Jan Wellers  9 FW  GER Cedric Euschen  10 MF  GER Jan Holldack  11 FW  GER Phillip König  12 GK  GER Lennart Brandes | No. Pos. Nation Player  13 MF  GER Nicolas Hirschberger  14 FW  GER Kelvin Lunga  16 DF  GER Marko Stojanović  17 DF  TUR Ali Barak  18 MF  NED Haris Mesic  22 MF  UKR Bohdan Shubin  23 MF  GER Isaak Akritidis  25 FW  GER Marvin Lorch  28 DF  NED Jarno Janssen  31 GK  GER Sebastian Patzler  33 FW  AUT Thomas Gösweiner  36 DF  GER Johannes Dörfler |
| --- | --- |

### Out on loan

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

| No. Pos. Nation Player |
| --- |

## InfoBox

1. FC Bocholt
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | 1. FC Bocholt |
| Founded | 1900 |
| Ground | Stadion am Hünting |
| Capacity | 18,000 |
| Chairman | Ludger Triphaus |
| Manager | Björn Mehnert |
| League | Regionalliga West (IV) |
| 2022–23 | Regionalliga West, 15th of 18 |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Angels of Darkness, Demons of Light I

abstract: Angels of Darkness, Demons of Light I is the sixth full-length studio album by the band Earth, released on Southern Lord Records. Cello is introduced as a new instrument, along with the usual ones being used since the album Hex. Dylan Carlson describes the album as more melodic and riff oriented. The second part of the album was released in 2012. The album illustrations were created by Stacey Rozich.

text:
# Angels of Darkness, Demons of Light I

***Angels of Darkness, Demons of Light I*** is the sixth full-length studio album by the band Earth, released on Southern Lord Records. Cello is introduced as a new instrument, along with the usual ones being used since the album *Hex*. Dylan Carlson describes the album as *more melodic and riff oriented*. The second part of the album was released in 2012. The album illustrations were created by Stacey Rozich.

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| *No Ripcord* | (10/10) |
| *Pitchfork* | (7.9/10) |

In the AllMusic review, Thom Jurek awarded the album 4 stars out of 5, describing the album as "harmony and dissonance coexist\[ing\] without antagonism, creating a heaviness and tension that are aesthetically beautiful and emotionally resonant." Pitchfork's Grayson Currin also gave the album a positive review, stating "In the 90s, Earth's heavy metal offered an escape, a massive shelter of volume and drone. But the intricacies of this Earth—Carlson's harmonics and harmonies, Davies' careful builds, Blau's unexpected bass maneuvers, Goldston's adventurous versatility—demand attention and immersion. That is, check in, not out, and you'll rarely hear four players with as much quiet command."

## Track listing

All tracks by Earth

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Old Black" | 8:49 |
| 2. | "Father Midnight" | 12:11 |
| 3. | "Descent to the Zenith" | 7:30 |
| 4. | "Hell’s Winter" | 11:32 |
| 5. | "Angels of Darkness, Demons of Light I" | 20:24 |
| Total length: | | 60:26 |

## Personnel

* Dylan Carlson  electric guitar and devices
* Adrienne Davies  trap kit and percussives
* Lori Goldston  cello and devices
* Karl Blau  electric bass guitar

## InfoBox

| Angels of Darkness, Demons of Light I | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Earth | |
| Released | February 22, 2011 |
| Recorded | April 2010 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 60:26 |
| Label | Southern Lord Records |
| Producer | Stuart Hallerman, Dylan Carlson and Adrienne Davies |
| Earth chronology | |
| *The Bees Made Honey in the Lion's Skull*
(2008) ***Angels of Darkness, Demons of Light I***
(2011) *Angels of Darkness, Demons of Light II*
(2012) | |


title: All You Need Is Blood

abstract: "All You Need Is Blood" is the name of the first single released by mash-up band Beatallica, a group known for their combination of Beatles music and Metallica lyrics and riffs. The song is a parody of the Beatles' song "All You Need Is Love". In the same tradition of the Beatles, the cover features the members of Beatallica holding signs that read the song title in different languages, and each track begins with a musical quote from a different national anthem. The maxi single contains fourteen tracks, each in a different language except for the last track, which is a radio edit of the American English version. Beatallibangers (fans) worldwide submitted the lyrics which were used and unedited by the band. It was released on May 20, 2008. The Japanese CD import version, which includes a bonus track of the song in Japanese, was released by Sony/ATV on October 8, 2008. As of Oct. 2008, Beatallica has recorded and released 14 different language versions of this song and they have left the project as an ongoing endeavor. Beatallibangers worldwide may submit new language versions directly to the band via their website.

text:
# All You Need Is Blood

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |

"**All You Need Is Blood**" is the name of the first single released by mash-up band Beatallica, a group known for their combination of Beatles music and Metallica lyrics and riffs. The song is a parody of the Beatles' song "All You Need Is Love". In the same tradition of the Beatles, the cover features the members of Beatallica holding signs that read the song title in different languages, and each track (except for the last) begins with a musical quote from a different national anthem.

The maxi single contains fourteen tracks, each in a different language except for the last track, which is a radio edit of the American English version. Beatallibangers (fans) worldwide submitted the lyrics which were used and unedited by the band. It was released on May 20, 2008.

The Japanese CD import version, which includes a bonus track of the song in Japanese, was released by Sony/ATV on October 8, 2008.

As of Oct. 2008, Beatallica has recorded and released 14 different language versions of this song and they have left the project as an ongoing endeavor. Beatallibangers worldwide may submit new language versions directly to the band via their website.

## Track listings

1. "All You Need Is Blood" *(American English)* – 4:02
2. "*Você só precisa sangue*" *(Brazilian Portuguese)* – 3:28
3. "*Kõigil vaja on verd*" *(Estonian)* – 4:00
4. "*Tu n'as besoin que de sang*" *(French)* – 3:38
5. "*Alle sie bedarf ist Blut*" *(German)* – 3:51
6. "*Vad az életem*" *(Hungarian)* – 3:48
7. "כל שצריך זה דם" (Kol Shetzarikh Ze Dam") *(Hebrew)* – 3:44
8. "*Quel che ti serve è sangue*" *(Italian)* – 3:40
9. "*Todo lo que necesitas es sangre*" *(Mexican Spanish)* – 3:51
10. "*Het enige dat je nodig hebt is bloed*" *(Dutch)* – 3:41
11. "*Potrzebujesz krwi*" *(Polish)* – 3:56
12. "Вся нужно кровь" (Vsya nuzhno krov') *(Russian)* – 4:12
13. "피가 필요해" (Piga pilyohe) *(Korean)* – 3:58
14. "All You Need Is Blood" (radio edit) – 3:02
15. "血こそすべて" (Chi ko so subete) *(Japanese; bonus track on Japanese release)* – 3:57

## Production

* Recorded at: Bobby Peru's Blood Bank, Milwaukee, Wisconsin by Flemball Rasmartin
* Mixed and produced by: Flemball and Beatallica
* Mastered at: West West Side, New Windsor, NY by Alan Douches
* Photography by: Stanley Hanley and assisted by VVeber and MurphDawg
* Bloody participation: Trixi Pi, VVeber, MurphDawg, JoJo, Betsy, Willard. Thanks for the Monkey Bar, Di Dog!
* Art design by: GRG and Jefjamdesign.com
* Art concept by: Beatallica and Flemball
* Thanks to the translators: Yookyung Sung and Chin-A Choi, Mi Jung Trepanier, Letici Olivera, Kristel Kruuleht, Robert Filipowski, Marco Colombo, Mark Smids, Louie Tisdale, Yoni Alkan, Vajda Gabor, Ed Gerber, Lost German Beatallibanger

## Japanese import

Released on Oct. 8, 2008 (Sony Music Japan International Inc.). The CD import includes all of the tracks from the "All You Need is Blood" May 2008 release plus a new Japanese version of the song, recorded specifically for this CD. A limited edition version was also released the same day that includes a bonus DVD (NTSC region 2) which has a 6:22 band interview, originally seen on the Japanese website www.werockcity.com.

## InfoBox

| "All You Need Is Blood" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Beatallica | |
| Released | May 2008 (2008-05) |
| Recorded | Milwaukee, Wisconsin |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 3:02 (radio edit) |
| Label | Oglio |