title: 1993–94 Gillingham F.C. season

text:
# 1993–94 Gillingham F.C. season

During the 1993–94 English football season, Gillingham F.C. competed in the Football League Third Division, the fourth tier of the English football league system. It was the 62nd season in which Gillingham competed in the Football League, and the 44th since the club was voted back into the league in 1950. Prior to the season, Glenn Roeder resigned as the club's manager and was replaced by Mike Flanagan. The team struggled in August and September, and did not win a Third Division match until the eighth league game of the season. A week later, Gillingham won away from home in the Football League for the first time in 18 months. Gillingham's form remained inconsistent and, although they climbed to 10th in the 22-team league table in October, the team spent most of the season in the bottom half and finished 16th.

Gillingham also competed in three knock-out competitions. The team reached the second round of the FA Cup but failed to progress beyond the earliest stage of the Football League Cup or Football League Trophy. The team played a total of 49 competitive matches, winning 14, drawing 17, and losing 18. Nicky Forster was the team's top goalscorer, with 18 goals, all scored in the Football League. He also made the most appearances, playing in 46 of the team's 49 competitive matches. The highest attendance recorded at the club's home ground, Priestfield Stadium, was 4,573, for a game against Northampton Town.

## Background and pre-season

The 199394 season was Gillingham's 62nd season playing in the Football League and the 44th since the club was elected back into the League in 1950 after being voted out in 1938. It was the club's fifth consecutive season in the English football league system's fourth tier, which had been renamed from the Football League Fourth Division to the Third Division after the teams in the top division broke away from the Football League to form the new FA Premier League in 1992. Gillingham had finished 21st in the 22-team division in the 199293 season, narrowly avoiding relegation into non-League football.

Gillingham's manager, Glenn Roeder, resigned in July to manage Watford of the First Division, one of the clubs he had played for. Watford were later fined £10,000 (equivalent to £30,000 in 2023) by the Football Association, the governing body of the sport in England, for making an illegal approach to Roeder. Mike Flanagan was promoted from reserves and youth coach to become Gillingham's new manager. One of his first moves as manager was to sign veteran Neil Smillie from Brentford and appoint him to a player-coach role. Gary Micklewhite, another highly experienced player, joined Gillingham from Derby County.

A new kit was introduced designed to mark the club's centenary, adding panels of black and white stripes to the usual blue shirts, which were worn with white shorts and socks; the club's original shirts when it was founded in 1893 had featured black and white stripes. The away kit, to be worn in the event of a clash of colours with the home team, was all red with similar black and white panels on the shirts. The team prepared for the new season with a number of friendly matches, including one against Charlton Athletic of the First Division. Alan Gough, a goalkeeper who had recently left Fulham, played on a trial basis against Charlton but Gillingham opted not to sign him to a contract.

## Third Division

### August–December

Gillingham's first match of the season was at their home ground, Priestfield Stadium, against Chesterfield. Both Smillie and Micklewhite made their debuts in a game which finished 20 to Gillingham's opponents; a week later the team again lost without scoring a goal, losing 30 away to Rochdale. Gillingham's next five league games all ended in draws; Paul Baker scored the team's first league goal in the first of these games, a 22 draw at home to Scarborough. Steve Banks, a 21-year old goalkeeper who had joined the club five months earlier, made his debut in the following game at home to Doncaster Rovers, replacing the previous season's regular goalkeeper, Scott Barrett. After a late goal from Nicky Forster gave the team a third consecutive league draw against Wycombe Wanderers, Flanagan told the press that "the sign of a good side is that they can roll their sleeves up and battle back."

Following their run of five consecutive league draws, which set a new club record, Gillingham were 18th in the 22-team league table. The team won their first league game of the season at the eighth attempt, defeating Scunthorpe United 10 on 25 September with a goal from Smillie. One week later, Gillingham gained their second league win of the season, defeating Carlisle United 21 with two goals from Forster despite Baker being sent off after less than 15 minutes; it was the first time the team had won away from home in the Football League since March 1992. The team's run of seven league games without defeat ended when they lost 10 away to Walsall on 9 October; Barrett was recalled to the team for the next game, in which Gillingham beat Darlington 21 at Priestfield with goals from Andy Arnott and Neil Smith to rise to 14th in the table. Gillingham's next game, away to Crewe Alexandra, resulted in a 10 defeat, but the team then won two consecutive home games, defeating Colchester United 30 and Hereford United 20. The two victories took the team up to 10th place in the table. Forster scored in both games, taking his total of league goals for the season to 7, more than any Gillingham player had achieved in the whole of the previous season.

Banks resumed the position of goalkeeper in early November and would remain in the starting line-up until April. Following the win over Hereford on 2 November, Gillingham lost four of the next five games and slipped to 17th in the division. The run included consecutive defeats in the first three matches of December against Lincoln City, Rochdale, and Chesterfield; against Rochdale Baker was sent off again. Forster scored Gillingham's second goal against Chesterfield, meaning that he had scored in six of the last seven league games. Gillingham ended their losing run in the final game of 1993 on 27 December, beating Northampton Town 10 at home with an own goal from Steve Terry; the attendance of 4,573 was the largest recorded at Priestfield during the season. The start of the match was delayed by 40 minutes as an electricity board worker had to be called out to disengage a timer switch which prevented the floodlights being turned on on weekday afternoons. Gillingham ended the year 17th in the table.

### January–May

Gillingham began 1994 with a second consecutive 10 win at Priestfield, defeating Bury with a goal from Smillie on 1 January; the result took the team back up to 14th in the table. Two days later, Banks kept a third consecutive clean sheet as Gillingham drew 00 away to Doncaster; it was the first league game since October in which Gillingham failed to score a goal. Having failed to score in four consecutive games, Forster was relegated to the substitutes' bench for the game at home to Walsall on 22 January and was replaced in the starting line-up by Baker, who made his first appearance since before Christmas and scored in a 11 draw. Seven days later, Forster came off the bench to score the winning goal away to Colchester in the final minute of the game.

Forster once again came on as a substitute and scored in Gillingham's first match of February, a 31 defeat at home to Crewe. It was the first in a run of five league games in which Gillingham achieved no wins and scored only two goals. Forster returned to the starting line-up for the game away to Preston North End on 12 February but failed to score and the game finished goalless. The last game of February and the first of March both resulted in 10 defeats, at home to Wycombe and away to Chester City. Gillingham ended their winless run with a 10 win away to Torquay United on 5 March, but lost again seven days later away to Shrewsbury Town. The team had now not won at home in more than two months and had slipped to 15th in the table. In the final game of March, Forster scored for the first time in eight games as Gillingham defeated Carlisle 20 at Priestfield.

Gillingham began the month of April with a second consecutive victory, winning 21 away to Northampton, and followed this with two consecutive 22 draws at Priestfield, against Chester and Preston. Forster scored both goals against Preston, the second time that he had scored twice in a game; no other Gillingham player scored more than a single goal in a game during the season. Gillingham failed to score in the next two games; in the first of these games Gillingham's Tony Butler was sent off and Chris Pike scored two penalty kicks to give Hereford a 20 victory. Gillingham ended their winless run of four games when Forster scored the only goal of the game against Mansfield Town on 23 April. The final match of the season was a 11 draw at home to Lincoln; Richard Carpenter's goal was one of only two scored by Gillingham in the final five games of the season. Veteran former club captain Paul Clark was recalled to the team for the first time since January, and made what turned out to be his final appearance for the club. The result left Gillingham 16th in the final league table with 51 points, 13 points below the play-offs for potential promotion to the Second Division and 13 points above 22nd-placed Northampton, who were relegated from the Football League. Gillingham had the 12th best home record in the division but their overall position suffered from the fact that only two Third Division teams had a worse season away from home.

### Match details

Key

Results
| Date | Opponents | Result | Goalscorers | Attendance |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14 August 1993 | Chesterfield (H) | 02 |  | 3,485 |
| 21 August 1993 | Rochdale (A) | 03 |  | 2,092 |
| 28 August 1993 | Scarborough (H) | 22 | Baker, Forster | 2,526 |
| 31 August 1993 | Doncaster Rovers (H) | 00 |  | 2,923 |
| 4 September 1993 | Wycombe Wanderers (A) | 11 | Forster | 6,226 |
| 11 September 1993 | Torquay United (H) | 22 | Forster, Green (pen.) | 2,927 |
| 18 September 1993 | Shrewsbury Town (A) | 22 | Baker, Green (pen.) | 2,811 |
| 25 September 1993 | Scunthorpe United (H) | 10 | Smillie | 2,872 |
| 2 October 1993 | Carlisle United (A) | 21 | Forster (2) | 6,449 |
| 9 October 1993 | Walsall (A) | 01 |  | 4,639 |
| 16 October 1993 | Darlington (H) | 21 | Arnott, Smith | 3,063 |
| 23 October 1993 | Crewe Alexandra (A) | 01 |  | 3,611 |
| 30 October 1993 | Colchester United (H) | 30 | Green, Forster, Reinelt | 3,964 |
| 2 November 1993 | Hereford United (H) | 20 | Arnott, Forster | 3,168 |
| 6 November 1993 | Mansfield Town (A) | 12 | Forster | 2,421 |
| 20 November 1993 | Wigan Athletic (H) | 22 | Forster, Baker | 2,751 |
| 27 November 1993 | Lincoln City (A) | 13 | Baker | 2,979 |
| 11 December 1993 | Rochdale (H) | 12 | Forster | 2,493 |
| 18 December 1993 | Chesterfield (A) | 23 | Micklewhite, Forster | 2,348 |
| 27 December 1993 | Northampton Town (H) | 10 | Terry (o.g.) | 4,573 |
| 1 January 1994 | Bury (H) | 10 | Smillie | 3,576 |
| 3 January 1994 | Doncaster Rovers (A) | 00 |  | 1,830 |
| 15 January 1994 | Darlington (A) | 12 | Henry | 2,111 |
| 22 January 1994 | Walsall (H) | 11 | Baker | 3,211 |
| 29 January 1994 | Colchester United (A) | 21 | Smith, Forster | 3,273 |
| 5 February 1994 | Crewe Alexandra (H) | 13 | Forster | 3,713 |
| 12 February 1994 | Preston North End (A) | 00 |  | 6,167 |
| 19 February 1994 | Scarborough (A) | 11 | Baker | 1,527 |
| 26 February 1994 | Wycombe Wanderers (H) | 01 |  | 4,302 |
| 1 March 1994 | Chester City (A) | 01 |  | 3,128 |
| 5 March 1994 | Torquay United (A) | 10 | Green | 3,353 |
| 12 March 1994 | Shrewsbury Town (H) | 02 |  | 3,095 |
| 19 March 1994 | Scunthorpe United (A) | 11 | Baker | 2,386 |
| 26 March 1994 | Carlisle United (H) | 20 | Carpenter (pen.), Forster | 2,627 |
| 2 April 1994 | Northampton Town (A) | 21 | Carpenter, Forster | 4,628 |
| 4 April 1994 | Chester City (H) | 22 | Baker, Butler | 3,165 |
| 12 April 1994 | Preston North End (H) | 22 | Forster (2) | 2,453 |
| 16 April 1994 | Hereford United (A) | 02 |  | 1,964 |
| 19 April 1994 | Bury (A) | 00 |  | 1,687 |
| 23 April 1994 | Mansfield Town (H) | 10 | Forster | 2,464 |
| 30 April 1994 | Wigan Athletic (A) | 02 |  | 1,346 |
| 7 May 1994 | Lincoln City (H) | 11 | Carpenter (pen.) | 2,759 |

### Partial league table

Football League Third Division final table, positions 13 to 18
| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 13 | Bury | 42 | 14 | 11 | 17 | 55 | 56 | 1 | 53 |
| 14 | Scarborough | 42 | 15 | 8 | 19 | 55 | 61 | 6 | 53 |
| 15 | Doncaster Rovers | 42 | 14 | 10 | 18 | 44 | 57 | 13 | 52 |
| 16 | **Gillingham** | 42 | 12 | 15 | 15 | 44 | 51 | 7 | 51 |
| 17 | Colchester United | 42 | 13 | 10 | 19 | 56 | 71 | 15 | 49 |
| 18 | Lincoln City | 42 | 12 | 11 | 19 | 52 | 63 | 11 | 47 |

## Cup matches

### FA Cup

As a Third Division team, Gillingham entered the 1993–94 FA Cup in the first round and were drawn to play away to Yeading of the Isthmian League Premier Division, two levels lower in the English football league system, who had progressed through four qualifying rounds to reach this stage of the competition for the first time. The game was played at Church Road, home of Yeading's local rivals Hayes, as the police deemed the crowd segregation facilities at Yeading's ground, The Warren, to be inadequate. Gillingham were held to a 00 draw by their semi-professional opponents, necessitating a replay at Priestfield. In the second match, Gillingham scored three goals in the first half and ultimately won 31. In the second round, Gillingham played away to Plymouth Argyle of the Second Division; Richard Green missed a penalty for Gillingham, who lost 20.

#### Match details

Key

Results
| Date | Round | Opponents | Result | Goalscorers | Attendance |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 13 November 1993 | First | Yeading (A)<sup>\[a\]</sup> | 00 |  | 2,285 |
| 30 November 1993 | First (replay) | Yeading (H) | 31 | Smith, Micklewhite, Baker | 2,285 |
| 4 December 1993 | Second | Plymouth Argyle (A) | 02 |  | 6,051 |

a.   The match was played at Hayes's Church Road ground, but remained officially a home game for Yeading rather than being considered to have taken place at a neutral venue.

### Football League Cup

As a Third Division team, Gillingham entered the 1993–94 Football League Cup in the first round and were paired with Brighton & Hove Albion of the Second Division. The first leg of the two-legged tie took place at Priestfield and Gillingham defeated their higher-level opponents 10 with a goal from Robbie Reinelt. Eight days later, however, Brighton won the second leg at the Goldstone Ground 20 and eliminated Gillingham from the competition by an aggregate score of 21.

#### Match details

Key

Results
| Date | Round | Opponents | Result | Goalscorers | Attendance |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 17 August 1993 | First (first leg) | Brighton & Hove Albion (H) | 10 | Reinelt | 3,330 |
| 25 August 1993 | First (second leg) | Brighton & Hove Albion (A) | 02 |  | 4,410 |

### Football League Trophy

The 1993–94 Football League Trophy, a tournament exclusively for Second and Third Division teams, began with a round in which the teams were drawn into groups of three, contested on a round-robin basis. Gillingham were grouped with fellow Third Division team Colchester United and Cambridge United of the Second Division. Gillingham's first group match was at home to Colchester in late September and resulted in a 00 draw; the attendance of 1,091 was the lowest recorded at Priestfield during the season. Five weeks later, Gillingham played their second group game away to Cambridge and lost 20. With only one point from the two games, Gillingham finished third in the group and failed to qualify for the second round, ending their participation in the competition.

#### Match details

Key

Results
| Date | Round | Opponents | Result | Goalscorers | Attendance |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 28 September 1993 | First (group) | Colchester United (H) | 00 |  | 1,091 |
| 9 November 1993 | First (group) | Cambridge United (A) | 02 |  | 1,463 |

## Player details

During the course of the season, 24 players played for Gillingham in competitive matches. Forster made the most appearances, playing in 46 of the team's 49 games; he missed only one Third Division match and both of the team's two League Trophy games. Mark Dempsey made the fewest appearances, playing only one game.

Eleven players scored at least one goal for the team. Forster was the highest scorer with 18 goals, all scored in Third Division matches. No other player reached double figures; Baker came closest with 9 goals but no other player scored more than 4.

Player statistics
| Player | Position | Third Division | | FA Cup | | League Cup | | League Trophy | | Total | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Andy Arnott | FW | 10 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 2 |
| Paul Baker | FW | 33 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 38 | 9 |
| Steve Banks | GK | 29 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 33 | 0 |
| Scott Barrett | GK | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 16 | 0 |
| Gary Breen | DF | 22 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 24 | 0 |
| Tony Butler | DF | 27 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 33 | 1 |
| Richard Carpenter | MF | 40 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 44 | 3 |
| Paul Clark | DF | 13 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 18 | 0 |
| Steve Crane | FW | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
| Mark Dempsey | MF | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Joe Dunne | DF | 37 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41 | 0 |
| Tony Eeles | MF | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Nicky Forster | FW | 41 | 18 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 46 | 18 |
| Richard Green | DF | 39 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 44 | 4 |
| Paul Hague | DF | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Liburd Henry | FW | 14 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 1 |
| Eliot Martin | DF | 9 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 13 | 0 |
| Gary Micklewhite | MF | 29 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 33 | 2 |
| Lee Palmer | DF | 28 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 32 | 0 |
| Robbie Reinelt | DF | 25 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 31 | 2 |
| Neil Smillie | MF | 38 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41 | 2 |
| Neil Smith | MF | 35 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 40 | 3 |
| Robin Trott | DF | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Paul Watson | DF | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 17 | 0 |

FW = Forward, MF = Midfielder, GK = Goalkeeper, DF = Defender

## Aftermath

Eight days after the last game of the season, the club staged a gala centenary match at Priestfield featuring two teams of past and present Gillingham players managed by former Gillingham player Ernie Morgan and former manager Keith Peacock. Gillingham offered top scorer Forster a new contract, but he turned it down and instead signed for Brentford of the Second Division. Flanagan remained as manager for the next season, during which the team again struggled. In January 1995, after several seasons spent near the bottom of the Football League coupled with nearly a decade of financial difficulties, the club was declared insolvent and placed in receivership. Flanagan was made redundant by the administrators and replaced by Smillie for the remainder of the season. Gillingham finished the season 19th in the Third Division, but the club's continued existence remained in doubt. In June 1995, however, the club was saved from going out of business when it was purchased by businessman Paul Scally.

### Works cited

## InfoBox

Gillingham
| 199394 season | |
| --- | --- |
| Chairman | Bernard Baker |
| Manager | Mike Flanagan |
| Third Division | 16th |
| FA Cup | Second round |
| League Cup | First round |
| League Trophy | First round |
| Top goalscorer | League: Nicky Forster (18)<br>All: Nicky Forster (18) |
| Highest home attendance | 4,573 vs Northampton Town (27 December 1993) |
| Lowest home attendance | 1,091 vs Colchester United (28 September 1993) |
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# 2009 Australian Open – Wheelchair quad doubles

Defending champions Nicholas Taylor and David Wagner defeated Johan Andersson and Peter Norfolk in the final, 6–2, 6–3 to win the quad doubles wheelchair tennis title at the 2009 Australian Open.

## Main draw

### Key

### Finals

|  | Finals | | | |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | **Nicholas Taylor**
**David Wagner** | **6** | **6** |  |  |
|  | | | | | |
|  | Johan Andersson
Peter Norfolk | 2 | 3 |  |  |

## InfoBox

| Wheelchair quad doubles | |
| --- | --- |
| 2009 Australian Open | |
| Champion | Nicholas Taylor
David Wagner |
| Runner-up | Johan Andersson
Peter Norfolk |
| Score | 6–2, 6–3 |


title: Feng Yun (Go player)

abstract: Feng Yun is a professional Go player. She is the second woman after Rui Naiwei to ever attain the level of 9-dan professional.

text:
# Feng Yun (Go player)

**Feng Yun** (Chinese: 丰云; pinyin: *Fēng Yún*; born October 2, 1966) is a professional Go player. She is the second woman after Rui Naiwei to ever attain the level of 9-dan professional.

## Biography

Feng Yun was born in Chong Qing, China. She started learning Go in Henan province when she was nine years old. She began her professional career in 1979 at the age of 12. In 1982 she was selected for the Chinese National Go Team where she trained for 18 years. In 1997, Feng Yun reached the top rank of professional Go players and ascended to 9-dan professional. She was the second woman in the world ever (after Rui Naiwei) to reach 9 dan. She has lived in New Jersey, U.S., with her family since 2000. The Feng Yun Go School, with four locations in New Jersey, has produced many strong players. Her book, *The Best Play*, analyzes two amateur games played on the internet.

## Professional accomplishments

* Feng Yun was a finalist in the first four Bohae Cups, winning on the second occasion (1995), but lost to Rui Naiwei on the other three occasions, finishing 2nd in 1994, 1996 and 1997.
* 1979 Promoted a professional Go player of the Henan Provincial Team
* 1982 Promoted to 4 dan professional
* 1983 Promoted to 5 dan professional, won her first title: National Women's Championship
* 1987 Promoted to 6 dan professional
* 1990 Finished second in National Individual Go Tournament (China)
* 1991 Finished second in National Individual Go Tournament (China)
* 1992 Promoted to 7 dan professional
* 1995 Promoted to 8 dan professional
* 1997 Advanced to 9 dan professional, one of the only three women 9p in the world
* 1998 Won Kuerle Cup champion
* 2002 Founded first 9-dan school in North America, was the challenger in the 2002 North American Masters Tournament
* 2004 Won Ing Pro Tournament held at the 20th AGA Go Congress in Rochester, New York
* 2008 Won Ing Pro Tournament held at the 24th AGA Go Congress in Portland, Oregon

## InfoBox

| Feng Yun | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1966-10-02) October 2, 1966
Liaoning, China |
| Residence | New Jersey, U.S. |
| Rank | 9 dan |
| Affiliation | Chinese Weiqi Association (1984-2000)
American Go Association (2000-present) |


title: 2008 Women's Australian Hockey League

abstract: The 2008 Women's Australian Hockey League was the 16th edition women's field hockey tournament. The tournament was held between 24 March – 5 April 2008. WA Diamonds won the tournament for the fifth time after defeating QLD Scorchers 2–0 in the final. Canberra Strikers finished in third place after defeating NSW Arrows 2–0 in the third and fourth place playoff.

text:
# 2008 Women's Australian Hockey League

The **2008 Women's Australian Hockey League** was the 16th edition women's field hockey tournament. The tournament was held between 24 March – 5 April 2008.

WA Diamonds won the tournament for the fifth time after defeating QLD Scorchers 2–0 in the final. Canberra Strikers finished in third place after defeating NSW Arrows 2–0 in the third and fourth place playoff.

## Participating teams

## Competition format

The 2008 Women's Australian Hockey League consisted of a single round robin format, followed by classification matches.

Teams from all 8 states and territories competed against one another throughout the pool stage. At the conclusion of the pool stage, the top four ranked teams progressed to the semi-finals, while the bottom four teams continued to the classification stage.

### Point Allocation

All matches had an outright result, meaning drawn matches were decided in either golden goal extra time, or a penalty shoot-out. Match points were as follows:

· 3 points for a win
· 1 points to each team in the event of a draw
· 1 point will be awarded to the winner of the shoot-out
· 0 points to the loser of the match

## Results

### Preliminary round

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | WD | LD | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | WA Diamonds | 7 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 4 | +17 | 18 | Semi-finals |
| 2 | QLD Scorchers | 7 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 4 | +17 | | 18 |
| 3 | NSW Arrows | 7 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 8 | +13 | | 18 |
| 4 | Canberra Strikers | 7 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 18 | 23 | 5 | | 11 |
| 5 | VIC Vipers | 7 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 17 | 16 | +1 | 9 |  |
| 6 | Southern Suns | 7 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 8 | 24 | 16 | | 7 |
| 7 | NT Pearls | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 14 | 26 | 12 | | 3 |
| 8 | Tassie Van Demons | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 5 | 20 | 15 | | 0 |

Source: Clearing House
Rules for classification: 1) points; 2) goal difference; 3) goals scored; 4) head-to-head result.

#### Pool matches

| Canberra Strikers  3–1  Tassie Van Demons  Harrison  14'
Allen  33'
Young  59' Report Blake  55' |
| --- |

| Southern Suns  0–5  QLD Scorchers  Report Bennett  7'
Lambert  27', 53'
Faulkner  45'
Beattie  58' |
| --- |

| VIC Vipers  5–3  NT Pearls  Van Veenendaal  6'
O'Conner  20', 46'
Trost  36'
Merrett  39' Report Mountain  9', 47'
Gale  53' |
| --- |

| WA Diamonds  0–1  NSW Arrows  Report Hollywood  38' |
| --- |

---

| Southern Suns  2–6  Canberra Strikers  Swann  44'
Sharland  65' Report Taylor  15', 46'
Allen  43', 59'
Forgesson  58', 60' |
| --- |

| NT Pearls  1–6  WA Diamonds  Young  62' Report Liddelow  5'
Buckley  31', 66'
Ciallella  35'
Halliday  43', 45' |
| --- |

| Tassie Van Demons  1–5  VIC Vipers  Wilson  30' Report Messent  7', 67', 70'
Merrett  53'
Van Veenendaal  61' |
| --- |

| NSW Arrows  0–1  QLD Scorchers  Report M. Hudson  23' |
| --- |

---

| QLD Scorchers  4–0  NT Pearls  Faulkner  16', 31', 68'
Lambert  23' Report |
| --- |

| Southern Suns  0–4  WA Diamonds  Report Ciallella  6'
Liddelow  12'
Halliday  27'
Walker  61' |
| --- |

| Tassie Van Demons  1–2  NSW Arrows  Cooling  49' Report Barber  58'
Hurtz  63' |
| --- |

| Canberra Strikers  2–2  VIC Vipers  Allen  12'
Young  67' Report Trahar  44'
Trost  47'   Penalties  Harrison
Allen
Young
Forgesson
Arrold  4–3  Messent
Trost
Joseph
Chau
O'Conner |
| --- |

---

| VIC Vipers  0–1  WA Diamonds  Report Smithson  11' |
| --- |

| NSW Arrows  6–1  Southern Suns  Rivers  3'
James  6'
Hurtz  10'
Hollywood  12'
Barber  28'
Sanders  31' Report Lange  43' |
| --- |

| QLD Scorchers  4–2  Canberra Strikers  Blyth  8'
Richards  25'
N. Hudson  44', 54' Report Forgesson  42'
Lucas  60' |
| --- |

| Tassie Van Demons  1–5  NT Pearls  Jones  23' Report Ono  13'
Mountain  33'
Chiu  38'
Gale  53'
Clarke  62' |
| --- |

---

| NSW Arrows  4–3  VIC Vipers  Cocking  18'
Hollywood  21', 38'
Hurtz  66' Report Messent  29'
Merrett  43'
Riordan  52' |
| --- |

| NT Pearls  3–4  Canberra Strikers  Pericles  2'
Ono  45', 70+' Report Young  12'
Taylor  23'
Harrison  50'
Allen  65' |
| --- |

| WA Diamonds  2–1  QLD Scorchers  Halliday  13'
Munro  15' Report Beattie  29' |
| --- |

| Tassie Van Demons  0–1  Southern Suns  Report Saunders  20' |
| --- |

---

| VIC Vipers  0–4  QLD Scorchers  Report Faulkner  19', 37'
Eiser  45'
Attard  56' |
| --- |

| NSW Arrows  5–1  Canberra Strikers  Hollywood  3', 8'
James  22'
Hamahona  38'
Rivers  44' Report Harrison  40' |
| --- |

| NT Pearls  1–3  Southern Suns  Ono  63' Report Sharland  11', 44'
Hampton  13' |
| --- |

| WA Diamonds  2–1  Tassie Van Demons  Munro  17'
Smithson  66' Report Douglas  37' |
| --- |

---

| NT Pearls  1–3  NSW Arrows  Ono  51' Report Hurtz  11'
Eastham  13'
Rivers  16' |
| --- |

| QLD Scorchers  2–0  Tassie Van Demons  N. Hudson  14'
Reuter  65' Report |
| --- |

| Southern Suns  1–2 (a.e.t.)  VIC Vipers  Sharland  58' Report Riordan  23'
Messent  82' |
| --- |

| WA Diamonds  6–0  Canberra Strikers  Smithson  9', 16', 65'
Pamenter  32'
Munro  63'
Liddelow  70' Report |
| --- |

### Classification round

#### Fifth to eighth place classification

##### Crossover

| VIC Vipers  0–1 (a.e.t.)  Tassie Van Demons  Report Jones  73' |
| --- |

---

| Southern Suns  2–1 (a.e.t.)  NT Pearls  Sharland  18', 81' Report Ono  44' |
| --- |

##### Seventh and eighth place

| VIC Vipers  2–0  NT Pearls  Van Veenendaal  18', 28' Report |
| --- |

##### Fifth and sixth place

| Tassie Van Demons  0–1  Southern Suns  Report Stacy  58' |
| --- |

#### First to fourth place classification

##### Semi-finals

| WA Diamonds  4–3 (a.e.t.)  Canberra Strikers  Pamenter  9'
Halliday  12'
Smithson  64', 73' Report Desmet  15'
Allen  18'
Young  45' |
| --- |

---

| QLD Scorchers  1–0 (a.e.t.)  NSW Arrows  N. Hudson  82' Report |
| --- |

##### Third and fourth place

| Canberra Strikers  2–0  NSW Arrows  Arrold  20'
Stewart  34' Report |
| --- |

##### Final

| WA Diamonds  2–0  QLD Scorchers  Munro  50'
Halliday  65' Report |
| --- |

## Awards

| Player of the Tournament | Top Goalscorer | Player of the Final |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Madonna Blyth | Sian Smithson | Kobie McGurk |

## Statistics

### Final standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | WD | LD | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | WA Diamonds | 9 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 7 | +20 | 23 | Gold Medal |
|  | QLD Scorchers | 9 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 22 | 6 | +16 | 20 | Silver Medal |
|  | Canberra Strikers | 9 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 23 | 27 | 4 | 15 | Bronze Medal |
| 4 | NSW Arrows | 9 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 21 | 11 | +10 | 19 |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 5 | Southern Suns | 9 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 11 | 25 | 14 | 12 |  |
| 6 | Tassie Van Demons | 9 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 8 | 6 | 21 | 15 | | 2 |
| 7 | VIC Vipers | 9 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 19 | 17 | +2 | | 13 |
| 8 | NT Pearls | 9 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 15 | 30 | 15 | | 4 |

Source: Clearing House

### Goalscorers

There were 144 goals scored in 36 matches, for an average of 4 goals per match.

**7 goals**

**6 goals**

**5 goals**

**4 goals**

**3 goals**

**2 goals**

**1 goal**

Source: Clearing House

## InfoBox

2008 Women's
Australian Hockey League
| Tournament details | |
| --- | --- |
| Host country | Australia |
| City | Perth |
| Dates | 24 March – 5 April |
| Teams |  |
| Venue(s) | Perth Hockey Stadium |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | WA Diamonds (5th title) |
| Runner-up | QLD Scorchers |
| Third place | Canberra Strikers |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 36 |
| Goals scored | 144 (4 per match) |
| Top scorer(s) | Sian Smithson (7 goals) |
| Best player | Madonna Blyth |
| 2007 (previous) (next) 2009 | |


abstract: The Men's 3.000 metres Steeplechase at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics was held at the Olympic Stadium in Berlin, Germany, on August 16 and August 18, 2009. Keeping in line with previous major championships success, the four-man Kenyan team entered for the event contained a number of race favourites. The Kenyans were led by the reigning World and Olympic champion Brimin Kipruto, followed by 2004 Olympic champion and world-leader Ezekiel Kemboi, and finally Olympic medallists Paul Kipsiele Koech and Richard Mateelong. Two French athletes offered the strongest possibility of beating the Kenyans, with Olympic silver medallist Mahiedine Mekhissi-Benabbad and European record holder Bouabdellah Tahri. Other possible medallists were the in-form Moroccan Jamel Chatbi and the European Champion Jukka Keskisalo. After Mekhissi-Benabbad pulled up due to injury in the heats, the chance of a Kenyan podium sweep increased. All three heats were won by a Kenyan athlete, and Kenyan-born Tareq Mubarak Taher, who now competes for Bahrain, was the fastest non-Kenyan qualifier. Chatbi, who had finished second in his heat, became the first athlete of the championships to test positive for banned substances. His "A" sample showed traces of clenbuterol and he was withdrawn from the final. In the final, South African Ruben Ramolefi lead early on, but he was soon overtaken by Koech and Kemboi. Around the halfway mark, a group of five athletes were leading the field: the four Kenyan runners and Frenchman Tahri. Defending champion Kipruto was the only one to fall away from the leading pack and Koech, Kemboi, Mateelong were the first to reach the home stretch. In a close finish, Kemboi won in 8:00.43, and Mateelong took the silver. Tahri made a strong run to the line to upset the Kenyan's podium sweep hopes, beating Koech to the bronze and setting a new European record in the process. The top four runners had all beaten Moses Kiptanui's fourteen-year-old Championship record in what was the fastest ever steeplechase race at the World Championships.

text:
# 2009 World Championships in Athletics – Men's 3000 metres steeplechase

The **Men's 3.000 metres Steeplechase** at the **2009 World Championships in Athletics** was held at the Olympic Stadium in Berlin, Germany, on August 16 and August 18, 2009. Keeping in line with previous major championships success, the four-man Kenyan team entered for the event contained a number of race favourites.

The Kenyans were led by the reigning World and Olympic champion Brimin Kipruto, followed by 2004 Olympic champion and world-leader Ezekiel Kemboi, and finally Olympic medallists Paul Kipsiele Koech and Richard Mateelong. Two French athletes offered the strongest possibility of beating the Kenyans, with Olympic silver medallist Mahiedine Mekhissi-Benabbad and European record holder Bouabdellah Tahri. Other possible medallists were the in-form Moroccan Jamel Chatbi and the European Champion Jukka Keskisalo.

After Mekhissi-Benabbad pulled up due to injury in the heats, the chance of a Kenyan podium sweep increased. All three heats were won by a Kenyan athlete, and Kenyan-born Tareq Mubarak Taher, who now competes for Bahrain, was the fastest non-Kenyan qualifier. Chatbi, who had finished second in his heat, became the first athlete of the championships to test positive for banned substances. His "A" sample showed traces of clenbuterol and he was withdrawn from the final.

In the final, South African Ruben Ramolefi lead early on, but he was soon overtaken by Koech and Kemboi. Around the halfway mark, a group of five athletes were leading the field: the four Kenyan runners and Frenchman Tahri. Defending champion Kipruto was the only one to fall away from the leading pack and Koech, Kemboi, Mateelong were the first to reach the home stretch. In a close finish, Kemboi won in 8:00.43, and Mateelong took the silver. Tahri made a strong run to the line to upset the Kenyan's podium sweep hopes, beating Koech to the bronze and setting a new European record in the process. The top four runners had all beaten Moses Kiptanui's fourteen-year-old Championship record in what was the fastest ever steeplechase race at the World Championships.

## Medalists

| **Gold** | **Silver** | **Bronze** |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Ezekiel Kemboi
*Kenya (KEN)* | Richard Kipkemboi Mateelong
*Kenya (KEN)* | Bouabdellah Tahri
*France (FRA)* |

## Records

Prior to the competition, the following records were as follows.

| **World record** | Saif Saaeed Shaheen (QAT) | **7:53.63** | Brussels, Belgium | 3 September 2004 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Championship record** | Moses Kiptanui (KEN) | **8:04.16** | Gothenburg, Sweden | 11 August 1995 |
| **World leading** | Ezekiel Kemboi (KEN) | **7:58.85** | Doha, Qatar | 8 May 2009 |
| **African record** | Brahim Boulami (MAR) | **7:55.28** | Brussels, Belgium | 24 August 2001 |
| **Asian record** | Saif Saaeed Shaheen (QAT) | **7:53.63** | Brussels, Belgium | 3 September 2004 |
| **North American record** | Daniel Lincoln (USA) | **8:08.82** | Rome, Italy | 14 July 2006 |
| **South American record** | Wander do Prado Moura (BRA) | **8:14.41** | Mar del Plata, Argentina | 22 March 1995 |
| **European record** | Bouabdellah Tahri (FRA) | **8:02.19** | Metz, France | 3 July 2009 |
| **Oceanian record** | Peter Renner (NZL) | **8:14.05** | Koblenz, Switzerland | 29 August 1984 |

## Qualification standards

| A time | B time |
| --- | --- |
| 8:23.00 | 8:33.50 |

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Round |
| --- | --- | --- |
| August 16, 2009 | **11:00** | **Heats** |
| August 18, 2009 | **19:50** | **Final** |

## Results

### Heats

Qualification: First 4 in each heat(**Q**) and the next 3 fastest(**q**) advance to the final.

| Rank | Heat | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 1 | Richard Mateelong | Kenya (KEN) | 8:17.99 | Q |
| 2 | 2 | Brimin Kipruto | Kenya (KEN) | 8:18.07 | Q |
| 3 | 1 | Tareq Mubarak Taher | Bahrain (BHR) | 8:18.13 | Q |
| 4 | 1 | Paul Kipsiele Koech | Kenya (KEN) | 8:18.16 | Q |
| 5 | 1 | Roba Gary | Ethiopia (ETH) | 8:18.22 | Q |
| 6 | 2 | Bouabdellah Tahri | France (FRA) | 8:18.23 | Q |
| 7 | 2 | Ruben Ramolefi | South Africa (RSA) | 8:18.24 | Q |
| 8 | 2 | Benjamin Kiplagat | Uganda (UGA) | 8:18.55 | Q |
| 9 | 1 | Abubaker Ali Kamal | Qatar (QAT) | 8:18.95 | q, SB |
| 10 | 3 | Ezekiel Kemboi | Kenya (KEN) | 8:19.36 | Q |
| 11 | 3 | Yacob Jarso | Ethiopia (ETH) | 8:20.91 | Q |
| 12 | 2 | Jukka Keskisalo | Finland (FIN) | 8:22.00 | q |
| 13 | 2 | Mustafa Mohamed | Sweden (SWE) | 8:22.92 | q |
| 14 | 2 | José Luis Blanco | Spain (ESP) | 8:24.07 |  |
| 15 | 2 | Krijn van Koolwijk | Belgium (BEL) | 8:24.22 | SB |
| 16 | 3 | Eliseo Martín | Spain (ESP) | 8:24.29 | Q |
| 17 | 1 | Abdelatif Chemlal | Morocco (MAR) | 8:25.68 |  |
| 18 | 3 | Ion Luchianov | Moldova (MDA) | 8:27.41 |  |
| 19 | 1 | Tomasz Szymkowiak | Poland (POL) | 8:27.93 |  |
| 20 | 3 | Bjørnar Ustad Kristensen | Norway (NOR) | 8:28.49 | SB |
| 21 | 1 | Mario Bazán | Peru (PER) | 8:28.67 | **NR** |
| 22 | 1 | Pieter Desmet | Belgium (BEL) | 8:31.81 |  |
| 23 | 2 | Ildar Minshin | Russia (RUS) | 8:33.89 |  |
| 24 | 3 | Steffen Uliczka | Germany (GER) | 8:37.83 |  |
| 25 | 3 | Simon Ayeko | Uganda (UGA) | 8:37.86 |  |
| 26 | 3 | Yoshitaka Iwamizu | Japan (JPN) | 8:39.03 |  |
| 27 | 3 | Boštjan Buč | Slovenia (SLO) | 8:40.56 |  |
| 28 | 1 | Vincent Zouaoui-Dandrieaux | France (FRA) | 8:41.85 |  |
| 29 | 3 | Alberto Paulo | Portugal (POR) | 8:43.13 |  |
| 30 | 2 | Rob Watson | Canada (CAN) | 8:44.73 |  |
| 31 | 1 | Per Jacobsen | Sweden (SWE) | 8:44.80 |  |
| 32 | 3 | Daniel Huling | United States (USA) | 8:46.79 |  |
| 33 | 1 | Ángel Mullera | Spain (ESP) | 8:47.40 |  |
| 34 | 2 | Youcef Abdi | Australia (AUS) | 8:49.88 |  |
| 35 | 2 | Legese Lamiso | Ethiopia (ETH) | 8:51.63 |  |
| 36 | 2 | Joshua McAdams | United States (USA) | 9:02.19 |  |
|  | 1 | Kyle Alcorn | United States (USA) |  | DNF |
|  | 3 | Mahiedine Mekhissi-Benabbad | France (FRA) |  | DNF |
| DSQ | 3 | Jamel Chatbi | Morocco (MAR) | 8:20.26 | Q |

**Key**: DNF = Did not finish, NR = National record, Q = qualification by place in heat, q = qualification by overall place, SB = Seasonal best

DSQ - Disqualified (Chatbi disqualified due to violation of anti-doping rules)

### Final

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Ezekiel Kemboi | Kenya (KEN) | 8:00.43 | CR |
|  | Richard Kipkemboi Mateelong | Kenya (KEN) | 8:00.89 | PB |
|  | Bouabdellah Tahri | France (FRA) | 8:01.18 | **AR** |
| 4 | Paul Kipsiele Koech | Kenya (KEN) | 8:01.26 | SB |
| 5 | Yacob Jarso | Ethiopia (ETH) | 8:12.13 | PB |
| 6 | Roba Gary | Ethiopia (ETH) | 8:12.40 |  |
| 7 | Brimin Kiprop Kipruto | Kenya (KEN) | 8:12.61 |  |
| 8 | Jukka Keskisalo | Finland (FIN) | 8:14.47 |  |
| 9 | Eliseo Martín | Spain (ESP) | 8:16.51 | SB |
| 10 | Tareq Mubarak Taher | Bahrain (BHR) | 8:17.08 |  |
| 11 | Benjamin Kiplagat | Uganda (UGA) | 8:17.82 |  |
| 12 | Abubaker Ali Kamal | Qatar (QAT) | 8:19.72 |  |
| 13 | Ruben Ramolefi | South Africa (RSA) | 8:32.54 |  |
| 14 | Mustafa Mohamed | Sweden (SWE) | 8:35.77 |  |
|  | Jamel Chatbi | Morocco (MAR) |  | DNS |

**Key**: AR = Area record, CR = Championship record, DNS = Did not start, PB = Personal best, SB = Seasonal best

General Specific


title: 1963 New York Mets season

abstract: The 1963 New York Mets season was the second regular season for the Mets. They went 51–111 and finished tenth in the National League, 48 games behind the World Series Champion Los Angeles Dodgers. They were managed by Casey Stengel. They played their home games at the Polo Grounds, the second and final season there for the Mets before moving to Shea Stadium the following season.

text:
# 1963 New York Mets season

The **1963 New York Mets season** was the second regular season for the Mets. They went 51–111 and finished tenth in the National League, 48 games behind the World Series Champion Los Angeles Dodgers. They were managed by Casey Stengel. They played their home games at the Polo Grounds, the second and final season there for the Mets before moving to Shea Stadium the following season.

## Offseason

## Regular season

On June 14, Duke Snider of the Mets hit his 400th home run against the Cincinnati Reds. The opposing pitcher was Bob Purkey. The homer came in the 6,783rd at bat of his career. Snider became the ninth player to reach 400 homers. Along with Eddie Mathews, Snider became part of the first duo to reach the 400-plateau in the same season. Afterwards, Mets outfielder Jimmy Piersall told Snider that he could get more publicity for his 100th home run. Nine days later, on June 23, Piersall ran the bases backward after hitting the 100th home run of his career off Philadelphia Phillies pitcher Dallas Green. He was released by the Mets one month later, with that home run being the only one he hit in a Mets uniform.

### Season standings

National League
| Team |  |  | Pct. | GB | Home | Road |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Los Angeles Dodgers | 99 | 63 | .611 |  | 5031 | 4932 |
| St. Louis Cardinals | 93 | 69 | .574 | 6 | 5328 | 4041 |
| San Francisco Giants | 88 | 74 | .543 | 11 | 5031 | 3843 |
| Philadelphia Phillies | 87 | 75 | .537 | 12 | 4536 | 4239 |
| Cincinnati Reds | 86 | 76 | .531 | 13 | 4635 | 4041 |
| Milwaukee Braves | 84 | 78 | .519 | 15 | 4536 | 3942 |
| Chicago Cubs | 82 | 80 | .506 | 17 | 4338 | 3942 |
| Pittsburgh Pirates | 74 | 88 | .457 | 25 | 4239 | 3249 |
| Houston Colt .45s | 66 | 96 | .407 | 33 | 4437 | 2259 |
| New York Mets | 51 | 111 | .315 | 48 | 3447 | 1764 |

### Record vs. opponents

|
Sources: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | CHC | CIN | HOU | LAD | MIL | NYM | PHI | PIT | SF | STL |
| Chicago |  | 9–9 | 9–9 | 7–11 | 12–6 | 11–7 | 9–9 | 8–10 | 10–8 | 7–11 |
| Cincinnati | 9–9 |  | 11–7 | 8–10 | 10–8 | 10–8 | 8–10 | 11–7 | 8–10 | 11–7 |
| Houston | 9–9 | 7–11 |  | 5–13 | 5–13 | 13–5 | 8–10 | 6–12 | 8–10 | 5–13 |
| Los Angeles | 11–7 | 10–8 | 13–5 |  | 8–10–1 | 16–2 | 7–11 | 13–5 | 9–9 | 12–6 |
| Milwaukee | 6–12 | 8–10 | 13–5 | 10–8–1 |  | 12–6 | 10–8 | 7–11 | 10–8 | 8–10 |
| New York | 7–11 | 8–10 | 5–13 | 2–16 | 6–12 |  | 8–10 | 4–14 | 6–12 | 5–13 |
| Philadelphia | 9–9 | 10–8 | 10–8 | 11–7 | 8–10 | 10–8 |  | 13–5 | 8–10 | 8–10 |
| Pittsburgh | 10–8 | 7–11 | 12–6 | 5–13 | 11–7 | 14–4 | 5–13 |  | 5–13 | 5–13 |
| San Francisco | 8–10 | 10–8 | 10–8 | 9–9 | 8–10 | 12–6 | 10–8 | 13–5 |  | 8–10 |
| St. Louis | 11–7 | 7–11 | 13–5 | 6–12 | 10–8 | 13–5 | 10–8 | 13–5 | 10–8 |  |

### Notable transactions

### Roster

| 1963 New York Mets | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Roster** | | | | | | | | | |
| **Pitchers** |  | **Catchers** **Infielders** |  | **Outfielders** |  | **Manager** **Coaches** |

## Player stats

### Batting

#### Starters by position

*Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in*

| Pos | Player | G | AB | H | Avg. | HR | RBI |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| C | Choo-Choo Coleman | 106 | 247 | 44 | .178 | 3 | 9 |
| 1B | Tim Harkness | 123 | 375 | 79 | .211 | 10 | 41 |
| 2B | Ron Hunt | 143 | 533 | 135 | .272 | 10 | 42 |
| SS | Al Moran | 119 | 331 | 64 | .193 | 1 | 23 |
| 3B | Charlie Neal | 72 | 253 | 57 | .225 | 3 | 18 |
| LF | Frank Thomas | 126 | 420 | 109 | .260 | 15 | 60 |
| CF | Jim Hickman | 146 | 494 | 113 | .229 | 17 | 51 |
| RF | Duke Snider | 129 | 354 | 86 | .243 | 14 | 45 |

#### Other batters

*Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in*

| Player | G | AB | H | Avg. | HR | RBI |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Ed Kranepool | 86 | 273 | 57 | .209 | 2 | 14 |
| Rod Kanehl | 109 | 191 | 46 | .241 | 1 | 9 |
| Joe Hicks | 56 | 159 | 36 | .226 | 5 | 22 |
| Joe Christopher | 64 | 149 | 33 | .221 | 1 | 8 |
| Duke Carmel | 47 | 149 | 35 | .235 | 3 | 18 |
| Norm Sherry | 63 | 147 | 20 | .136 | 2 | 11 |
| Chico Fernández | 58 | 145 | 29 | .200 | 1 | 9 |
| Jesse Gonder | 42 | 126 | 38 | .302 | 3 | 15 |
| Jimmy Piersall | 40 | 124 | 24 | .194 | 1 | 10 |
| Cliff Cook | 50 | 106 | 15 | .142 | 2 | 8 |
| Larry Burright | 41 | 100 | 22 | .220 | 0 | 3 |
| Pumpsie Green | 17 | 54 | 15 | .278 | 1 | 5 |
| Ted Schreiber | 39 | 50 | 8 | .160 | 0 | 2 |
| Dick Smith | 20 | 42 | 10 | .238 | 0 | 3 |
| Sammy Taylor | 22 | 35 | 9 | .257 | 0 | 6 |
| Chris Cannizzaro | 16 | 33 | 8 | .242 | 0 | 4 |
| Gil Hodges | 11 | 22 | 5 | .227 | 0 | 3 |
| Cleon Jones | 6 | 15 | 2 | .133 | 0 | 1 |
| Marv Throneberry | 14 | 14 | 2 | .143 | 0 | 1 |

### Pitching

#### Starting pitchers

*Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts*

| Player | G | IP | W | L | ERA | SO |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Roger Craig | 46 | 236.0 | 5 | 22 | 3.78 | 108 |
| Al Jackson | 37 | 227.0 | 13 | 17 | 3.96 | 142 |
| Carl Willey | 30 | 183.0 | 9 | 14 | 3.10 | 101 |
|

#### Other pitchers

*Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts*

| Player | G | IP | W | L | ERA | SO |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Galen Cisco | 51 | 155.2 | 7 | 15 | 4.34 | 81 |
| Tracy Stallard | 39 | 154.2 | 6 | 17 | 4.71 | 110 |
| Jay Hook | 41 | 152.2 | 4 | 14 | 5.48 | 89 |
| Grover Powell | 20 | 49.2 | 1 | 1 | 2.72 | 39 |
| Craig Anderson | 3 | 9.1 | 0 | 2 | 8.68 | 6 |

#### Relief pitchers

*Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts*

| Player | G | W | L | SV | ERA | SO |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Larry Bearnarth | 58 | 3 | 8 | 4 | 3.42 | 48 |
| Ken MacKenzie | 34 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 4.97 | 41 |
| Don Rowe | 26 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.28 | 27 |
| Ed Bauta | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5.21 | 13 |
| Steve Dillon | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10.80 | 1 |

## Awards and honors

**All-Star Game**

## Farm system

| Level | Team | League | Manager |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| AAA | Buffalo Bisons | International League | Kerby Farrell |
|  | Salinas Mets | California League | Ken Deal |
|  | Raleigh Mets | Carolina League | Clyde McCullough and Tommy Byrne |
|  | Quincy Jets | Midwest League | Sheriff Robinson and Wally Millies |
|  | Auburn Mets | New York–Penn League | Dick Cole |

## InfoBox

| 1963 New York Mets | |
| --- | --- |
| The Mets playing against the Phillies at Connie Mack Stadium on September 10, 1963. | |
| League | National League |
| Ballpark | Polo Grounds |
| City | New York City, New York |
| Record | 51–111 (.315) |
| League place | 10th |
| Owners | Joan Whitney Payson |
| General managers | George Weiss |
| Managers | Casey Stengel |
| Television | WOR-TV |
| Radio | WABC (AM)
(Ralph Kiner, Lindsey Nelson, Bob Murphy) |
| Stats | ESPN.com
Baseball Reference |
|  | |


title: Erquitaia

abstract: Erquitaia is a poorly known genus of prehistoric galeomorph shark whose fossils are found in rocks dating from the Maastrichtian stage.

text:
# Erquitaia

***Erquitaia*** is a poorly known genus of prehistoric galeomorph shark whose fossils are found in rocks dating from the Maastrichtian stage.

## Classification

Originally, Erquitaia was thought to be a ray placed in the order Rajiformes, however it was subsequently moved to the shark super order Galeomorphii, which includes all modern sharks except the dogfish and their relatives.

## InfoBox

| *Erquitaia* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Chondrichthyes |
| Subclass: | Elasmobranchii |
| Subdivision: | Selachimorpha |
| Family: | *incertae sedis* |
| Genus: | *Erquitaia*<br>Cappetta 1989 |
|


title: Area 2 (Nevada National Security Site)

abstract: Area 2 is a division of the Nevada Test Site in the Mojave Desert. The area is located 18 miles south-west of Area 51. Area 2 was the site of 144 tests comprising 169 detonations. Shot "Gabbs" a detonation test, was intended for early 1993 but was cancelled in 1992 due to a pre-emptive stop of testing based around the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty.

text:
# Area 2 (Nevada National Security Site)

**Area 2** is a division of the Nevada Test Site in the Mojave Desert. The area is located 18 miles south-west of Area 51.

Area 2 was the site of 144 tests comprising 169 detonations. Shot "Gabbs" a detonation test, was intended for early 1993 but was cancelled in 1992 due to a pre-emptive stop of testing based around the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty.

37°08′17″N 116°04′25″W / 37.13796°N 116.07353°W / 37.13796; -116.07353


title: Avon, New York

abstract:
Avon is a town in Livingston County, New York, United States. It is south of Rochester. The town population was 7,146 at the 2010 census. The town was named after Avon, Connecticut, a town in Hartford County.
The village of Avon is in the northwest part of the town.

text:
# Avon, New York

**Avon** (/ˈævɑːn/) is a town in Livingston County, New York, United States. It is south of Rochester. The town population was 7,146 at the 2010 census. The town was named after Avon, Connecticut, a town in Hartford County. The village of Avon is in the northwest part of the town.

## History

The area around and including what would become Avon village was inhabited for millennia by Paleo-Indians and later by the Seneca people, the westernmost tribe of the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois). After the Iroquois title to the land was extinguished in 1788 with the Phelps and Gorham Purchase, white and Black settlement of the area began. In 1789, Dr. Timothy Hosmer, Maj. Isaiah Thompson, William Wadsworth, and others from Hartford, Connecticut, purchased a tract east of the Genesee River and named it "Hartford" after their homeland. The town was organized in 1797. The town's name was changed to "Avon" in 1808 to avoid confusion with another Hartford in Washington County, New York. In 1818, part of the town was removed to form the new town of Rush. County lines shifted as well, Avon and Rush both being part of Ontario County until the formation of Livingston County and Monroe County in 1821.

The first permanent white settlers of Avon village were Gilbert and Maria (Wemple) Berry in 1789, who operated a tavern and a rope ferry on the east bank of the Genesee River. When Gilbert died in 1797, Maria Berry continued serving travelers in the inn until about 1812. The town's first gristmill was built by Capt. John Ganson in northwest Avon in 1789 and the first sawmill in 1797 on the Conesus Outlet built by Dr. Hosmer.

Mineral springs were an important resource of the early town. Beginning in the 1820s, people became interested in water as a therapy for all sorts of maladies, and mineral waters in particular for their reputed health benefits and even as cures. Avon, redolent in natural springs, soon became extremely popular with the afflicted. The wealthy, too, seeking relaxation and leisure, flocked to the town from far and wide. Numerous hotels and spas sprang up to take advantage of this fad, and bottling companies packaged the mineral water for sale. By the late 1890s to early 1900s, most of the hotels that had not closed due to the decline of the spa era had succumbed to fire or were soon razed. The Avon Inn is the only spa structure still standing in the town.

Points of historic interest in Avon include:

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 41.3 square miles (106.9 km2), of which 41.2 square miles (106.7 km2) are land and 0.05 square miles (0.14 km2), or 0.13%, are water.

The north town line is the border of Monroe County. The Genesee River defines the west town line, flowing northward past Avon village. Conesus Creek, flowing from Conesus Lake, empties into the Genesee, west of Avon village.

U.S. Route 20 and New York State Route 5 are east-west highways across the town and intersect New York State Route 39 in Avon village. New York State Route 15 is another north-south highway in the eastern part of the town. Interstate 390 connects the town to areas north and south.

### Adjacent towns and areas

(Clockwise)

## Climate

| Climate data for Avon, NY 1981-2010, extremes, 1895-2017 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 68
(20) | 72
(22) | 84
(29) | 91
(33) | 95
(35) | 100
(38) | 103
(39) | 99
(37) | 98
(37) | 90
(32) | 78
(26) | 71
(22) | 103
(39) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 32.2
(0.1) | 34.6
(1.4) | 42.9
(6.1) | 56.4
(13.6) | 68.3
(20.2) | 77.4
(25.2) | 81.5
(27.5) | 79.7
(26.5) | 72.5
(22.5) | 60.7
(15.9) | 48.7
(9.3) | 37.0
(2.8) | 57.7
(14.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 16.2
(−8.8) | 17.1
(−8.3) | 23.8
(−4.6) | 34.9
(1.6) | 44.9
(7.2) | 55.3
(12.9) | 59.5
(15.3) | 57.6
(14.2) | 50.2
(10.1) | 39.7
(4.3) | 31.8
(−0.1) | 22.5
(−5.3) | 37.8
(3.2) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −25
(−32) | −30
(−34) | −12
(−24) | 4
(−16) | 10
(−12) | 33
(1) | 37
(3) | 36
(2) | 25
(−4) | 14
(−10) | −2
(−19) | −20
(−29) | −30
(−34) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 1.84
(47) | 1.60
(41) | 2.40
(61) | 2.67
(68) | 2.81
(71) | 3.26
(83) | 3.40
(86) | 3.43
(87) | 3.35
(85) | 2.67
(68) | 2.72
(69) | 2.13
(54) | 32.28
(820) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 14.1
(36) | 11.1
(28) | 10.3
(26) | 2.1
(5.3) | 0.2
(0.51) | 0.0
(0.0) | 0.0
(0.0) | 0.0
(0.0) | 0.0
(0.0) | 0.0
(0.0) | 3.5
(8.9) | 10.2
(26) | 51.5
(130.71) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 14.0 | 11.8 | 12.5 | 12.3 | 11.8 | 11.7 | 11.4 | 11.0 | 11.6 | 12.7 | 12.9 | 13.5 | 147.2 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 9.6 | 7.5 | 5.3 | 1.4 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 2.3 | 7.0 | 33.3 |
| Source: SERCC Nowdata (extremes) 1895-2017 Other information NCDC 1981-2010 normals https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/orders/cdo/1049023.pdf | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1820 | 1,933 |  |  |
| 1830 | 2,362 |  | 22.2% |
| 1840 | 2,999 |  | 27.0% |
| 1850 | 2,809 |  | −6.3% |
| 1860 | 2,910 |  | 3.6% |
| 1870 | 3,038 |  | 4.4% |
| 1880 | 3,459 |  | 13.9% |
| 1890 | 3,179 |  | −8.1% |
| 1900 | 3,071 |  | −3.4% |
| 1910 | 3,432 |  | 11.8% |
| 1920 | 3,350 |  | −2.4% |
| 1930 | 3,566 |  | 6.4% |
| 1940 | 3,509 |  | −1.6% |
| 1950 | 3,725 |  | 6.2% |
| 1960 | 4,404 |  | 18.2% |
| 1970 | 6,117 |  | 38.9% |
| 1980 | 6,185 |  | 1.1% |
| 1990 | 6,283 |  | 1.6% |
| 2000 | 6,443 |  | 2.5% |
| 2010 | 7,164 |  | 11.2% |
| 2018 (est.) | 6,828 |  | −4.7% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

As of the census of 2000, there were 6,443 people, 2,525 households, and 1,732 families residing in the town. The population density was 156.5 inhabitants per square mile (60.4/km2). There were 2,671 housing units at an average density of 64.9 per square mile (25.1/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 95.87% White, 1.54% Black or African American, 0.34% Native American, 0.71% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.23% from other races, and 1.29% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.38% of the population.

There were 2,525 households, out of which 33.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.1% were married couples living together, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.4% were non-families. 25.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.05.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.2% under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 30.1% from 25 to 44, 24.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.7 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $43,971, and the median income for a family was $54,315. Males had a median income of $40,654 versus $25,559 for females. The per capita income for the town was $22,379. About 6.2% of families and 6.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.3% of those under age 18 and 5.4% of those age 65 or over.

## Communities and locations in the town

* Ashantee  A hamlet immediately south of Avon village on NY-39.
* Avon  A village in the northwest part of the town.
* East Avon  A hamlet (and census-designated place) in the eastern part of the town at the intersections of NY-5, NY-15, and US-20. The First Presbyterian Church of Avon was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.
* Littleville  A hamlet south of Avon village and adjacent to Ashantee.
* North Avon  A hamlet in the northeast corner of the town.
* South Avon  A hamlet south of Avon village on NY-39.
* South Lima  Part of the South Lima census-designated place is in the southeast corner of the town.
* Sugarberry  An historic hamlet in southwestern corner of the town.

## People

## InfoBox

| Avon, New York | |
| --- | --- |
| Town | |
| Nickname: Corn Village | |
| AvonAvon | |
| Coordinates: 42°54′43″N 77°44′46″W / 42.91194°N 77.74611°W / 42.91194; -77.74611 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | New York |
| County | Livingston |
| Settled | 1769 (1769) |
| Established | 1797 (1797) |
| Renamed | 1808 (1808) |
| Government | |
| Type | Town Council |
| Town Supervisor | David LeFeber () |
| Town Council | Members' List |
| Area | |
| Total | 41.26 sq mi (106.86 km2) |
| Land | 41.20 sq mi (106.72 km2) |
| Water | 0.06 sq mi (0.14 km2) |
| Population (2010) | |
| Total | 7,164 |
| Estimate (2016) | 6,964 |
| Density | 169.02/sq mi (65.26/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| FIPS code | 36-051-03364 |
| Website | www.avon-ny.org |


title: 1895 FA Cup final

abstract: The 1895 FA Cup final was contested by Aston Villa and West Bromwich Albion at Crystal Palace. Aston Villa won 1–0, with Bob Chatt being credited with scoring the fastest goal in FA Cup Final history, scored after just 30 seconds. This record would stand for 114 years before being broken by Louis Saha of Everton in the 2009 FA Cup Final with a goal after 25 seconds.

text:
# 1895 FA Cup final

The **1895 FA Cup final** was contested by Aston Villa and West Bromwich Albion at Crystal Palace. Aston Villa won 1–0, with Bob Chatt being credited with scoring the fastest goal in FA Cup Final history, scored after just 30 seconds. This record would stand for 114 years before being broken by Louis Saha of Everton in the 2009 FA Cup Final with a goal after 25 seconds.

## Summary

Aston Villa and West Bromwich Albion became the first pair of clubs to meet in the FA Cup Final for a third time: the teams had previously met in the 1887 final, won by Villa, and the 1892 final, won by the Albion. The final was played for the first time at Crystal Palace, which was to host the finals for the next twenty years. The weather for the final was described as "a beautiful spring day", and consequently the crowd and press were still coming into the ground when the game kicked off.

From the kick-off, John Devey, the Villa centre-forward, swung the ball out to his inside-left, Dennis Hodgetts. Hodgetts' long cross-pass found Charlie Athersmith on the right, and his centre fell to Bob Chatt who sent the ball goalwards on a half volley. Albion's keeper Joe Reader was only able to get his fingers to the shot, and turned the ball across the goal mouth and, after a goalmouth scramble involving Devey and Albion defender Jack Horton, the ball was turned in to the net.

There are no accurate timings for the goal and different reports time it at between 30 and 39 seconds. At the time, many of the crowd and press missed the goal as they were still taking their seats, and the press reports indicated that Chatt had scored. According to Ward & Griffin in their "Essential History of Aston Villa" however, "*after the game, the Villa players confirmed that John Devey had netted after Chatt's shot had been blocked straight into the latter's path and had ricocheted off his knee."* Despite this claim, The Football Association still credit the goal to Chatt as having been scored on thirty seconds.

The fastest accurately timed goal was Louis Saha's effort for Everton after 25 seconds in the 2009 final.

Despite pressure from the Albion forwards, especially the outstanding Billy Bassett, Villa were able to hold on to their lead until half-time. In the second half, neither side was able to add to the score and Villa held on to win the cup for the second time.

## Match details

| Aston Villa | 1–0 | West Bromwich Albion |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Chatt  1' |  |  |

Crystal Palace, LondonAttendance: 42,560Referee: John Lewis

| GK   Tom Wilkes  DF   Howard Spencer  DF   Jimmy Welford  MF   Jack Reynolds  MF   James Cowan  MF   George Russell  FW   Charlie Athersmith  FW   Bob Chatt  FW   John Devey ()  FR   Dennis Hodgetts  FL   Stephen Smith  **Manager:**  George Ramsay | GK   Joe Reader  DF   Billy Williams  DF   Jack Horton  MD   Tom Perry  MD   Tom Higgins  MD   Jack Taggart  FW   Billy Bassett  FW   Roddy McLeod  FW   Billy Richards  FR   Tom Hutchinson  FL   Jack Banks  **Manager:**  Edward Stephenson |
| --- | --- |

## InfoBox

1895 FA Cup final
| Match programme | |
| --- | --- |
| Event | 1894–95 FA Cup |
|  | |
| Date | 20 April 1895 |
| Venue | Crystal Palace, London |
| Referee | John Lewis |
| Attendance | 42,560 |
|


title: 1970 Oregon Ducks football team

abstract: The 1970 Oregon Ducks football team represented the University of Oregon during the 1970 NCAA University Division football season. Five home games were played in Eugene at Autzen Stadium, with one at Civic Stadium in Portland. Led by fourth-year head coach Jerry Frei, the Ducks were 6–4–1 overall and 4–3 in the Pacific-8 Conference, tied for second. The opener was played in Portland, the Ducks' first game there in four years; the last was in 1966, prior to the opening of Autzen. After upsetting both UCLA and USC, Oregon was 5–2 and ranked #16 in the AP Poll, but won just one of their last four games. In the second game of the season at Illinois, senior quarterback Tom Blanchard injured a troublesome knee and was relieved by sophomore Dan Fouts, who became the starter. Blanchard returned the next week against third-ranked Stanford, but only as the punter. The Ducks lost the season-ending Civil War game to Oregon State for a seventh consecutive year. The marching band was not funded this year; in its place was the student rock band Ouroboros, paid $210 per game.

text:
# 1970 Oregon Ducks football team

1970 Pacific-8 Conference football standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | T |  |  | W |  | L |  | T |
| No. 8 Stanford $ | 6 |  | 1 |  | 0 |  |  | 9 |  | 3 |  | 0 |
| Washington | 4 |  | 3 |  | 0 |  |  | 6 |  | 4 |  | 0 |
| Oregon | 4 |  | 3 |  | 0 |  |  | 6 |  | 4 |  | 1 |
| UCLA | 4 |  | 3 |  | 0 |  |  | 6 |  | 5 |  | 0 |
| California | 4 |  | 3 |  | 0 |  |  | 6 |  | 5 |  | 0 |
| No. 15 USC | 3 |  | 4 |  | 0 |  |  | 6 |  | 4 |  | 1 |
| Oregon State | 3 |  | 4 |  | 0 |  |  | 6 |  | 5 |  | 0 |
| Washington State | 0 |  | 7 |  | 0 |  |  | 1 |  | 10 |  | 0 |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| * $  Conference champion Rankings from AP Poll | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The **1970 Oregon Ducks football team** represented the University of Oregon during the 1970 NCAA University Division football season. Five home games were played in Eugene at Autzen Stadium, with one at Civic Stadium in Portland.

Led by fourth-year head coach Jerry Frei, the Ducks were 6–4–1 overall and 4–3 in the Pacific-8 Conference, tied for second. The opener was played in Portland, the Ducks' first game there in four years; the last was in 1966, prior to the opening of Autzen. After upsetting both UCLA and USC, Oregon was 5–2 and ranked #16 in the AP Poll, but won just one of their last four games.

In the second game of the season at Illinois, senior quarterback (and punter) Tom Blanchard injured a troublesome knee and was relieved by sophomore Dan Fouts, who became the starter. Blanchard returned the next week against third-ranked Stanford, but only as the punter.

The Ducks lost the season-ending Civil War game to Oregon State for a seventh consecutive year.

The marching band was not funded this year; in its place was the student rock band Ouroboros, paid 210 per game.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Rank | Site | Result | Attendance | Source |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| September 12 | 8:00 pm | California |  |  | W 31–24 | 26,566 |  |
| September 19 | 11:30 am | at Illinois* |  |  | L 16–20 | 33,246 |  |
| September 26 | 1:30 pm | No. 3 Stanford |  |  | L 10–33 | 38,400 |  |
| October 3 | 1:30 pm | Washington State |  | * Autzen Stadium * Eugene, OR | W 28–13 | 21,800 |  |
| October 10 | 8:00 pm | at No. 15 UCLA |  |  | W 41–40 | 44,722 |  |
| October 17 | 1:30 pm | Idaho* |  | * Autzen Stadium * Eugene, OR | W 49–13 | 21,300 |  |
| October 24 | 1:30 pm | No. 10 USC |  | * Autzen Stadium * Eugene, OR | W 10–7 | 34,000 |  |
| October 31 | 1:30 pm | at Washington | No. 16 |  | L 23–25 | 58,580 |  |
| November 7 | 1:30 pm | No. 9 Air Force* |  | * Autzen Stadium * Eugene, OR | W 46–35 | 24,700 |  |
| November 14 | 11:00 am | at Army* | No. 19 |  | T 22–22 | 39,455 |  |
| November 21 | 1:30 pm | at Oregon State |  |  | L 9–24 | 40,299 |  |
| * \*Non-conference game * Rankings from AP Poll released prior to the game | | | | | | | |

## Roster

| 1970 Oregon Ducks football team roster | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Players | | | Coaches |
| **Offense**  Pos. # Name Class  FB `41` Jim Anderson So  FB `42` Thurman Anderson Jr  `63` Mark Andrews Sr  QB `17` Tom Blanchard Sr  OT `74` Tom Drougas Jr  `54` Jim Figoni Jr  QB `11` Dan Fouts So  WR `48` Leland Glass Jr  TE, FB `40` Greg Marshall Sr  OL `60` John McKean Jr  RB `23` Bobby Moore Jr  WR `81` Bob Newland Sr  TE `87` Greg Specht So  `65` Jack Stambaugh Sr  `70` Tim Stokes So | **Defense**  Pos. # Name Class  `30` Bill Brauner Sr  DE `95` Steve Buettner Jr  CB `32` Lionel Coleman Sr  CB `38` Bill Drake Jr  LB `52` Tom Graham Jr  `46` Bob Green Jr  DT `76` Mike Johnson Sr  LB `93` Delton Lewis Jr  DB `37` Fred Manuel So  LB `56` Mike McConnel Jr  DE `37` Ray Reeves So  LB `90` Steve Rennie Jr  DT `66` Dave Walker Sr | **Special teams**  Pos. # Name Class  `17` Tom Blanchard Sr  `11` Dan Fouts So  Steve Bailey Jr  PK `28` Ken Woody Sr | Head coach Coordinators/assistant coaches   ---  Legend* **(C)** Team captain * **(S)** Suspended * **(I)** Ineligible * Injured * Redshirt |

## All-conference

Four Oregon players were named to the All-Pacific-8 team: junior halfback Bobby Moore (later Ahmad Rashad), senior split end Bob Newland, junior linebacker Tom Graham, and senior cornerback Lionel Coleman. On the second team (honorable mention) were senior guard Jack Stambaugh and junior cornerback Bill Drake. Moore also made the first team as a sophomore in 1969 and as a senior in 1971.

## InfoBox

| 1970 Oregon Ducks football | |
| --- | --- |
| Conference | Pacific-8 Conference |
| Record | 6–4–1 (4–3 Pac-8) |
| Head coach |  |
| Captain | Tom Blanchard, Lionel Coleman, Bob Newland |
| Home stadium | Autzen Stadium |
|


title: Arthur Pollen

abstract: Arthur Joseph Hungerford Pollen was an English journalist, businessman, and commentator on naval affairs who devised a new computerised fire-control system for use on battleships prior to the First World War. His most important technical innovation was one of the world's first electrically-powered analogue computers, patented as the Argo Clock: a differential analyser which enabled big guns to engage with long-range targets when both ships were moving at speed in different directions.

text:
# Arthur Pollen

**Arthur Joseph Hungerford Pollen** (13 September 1866 – 28 January 1937) was an English journalist, businessman, and commentator on naval affairs who devised a new computerised fire-control system for use on battleships prior to the First World War. His most important technical innovation was one of the world's first electrically-powered analogue computers, patented as the Argo Clock: a differential analyser which enabled big guns to engage with long-range targets when both ships were moving at speed in different directions.

## Early life

Pollen was born on 13 September 1866, the sixth son and eighth child of eight sons and two daughters born to John Hungerford Pollen and Maria Margaret Pollen. His father being a leading convert to Catholicism along with Cardinal Newman, Arthur was educated at the school which the latter founded in Birmingham, The Oratory School (1878–1884). He then went up to read Modern History at Trinity College, Oxford where he gained a second-class degree in 1888. In 1893 he was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn. He then took an interest in parliamentary politics, standing as Liberal candidate for the Walthamstow Division of Essex in the General Election of 1895 which he lost; his 4,523 votes to the 6,876 of his opponent, Edmund Widdrington Byrne, MP, QC. After this setback he continued to speak at Liberal Party events, but declined to stand in the by-election brought about by Byrne's resignation in 1897.

On 7 September 1898 he married Maud Beatrice, the only daughter of the leading Conservative politician Joseph Lawrence, (later Sir Joseph Lawrence, Bart.) who was also chairman of Linotype & Machinery Co. Ltd. With Maud he had one daughter, who died aged four, and two sons. In 1898 Pollen was made the managing-director of Linotype, which he ran successfully for the next decade.

## Fire control

Through a relative, Commander William Goodenough, Pollen saw a naval gunnery practice near Malta in 1900, and the accuracy was so poor that even at ranges of less than a mile the big guns could not reliably hit their targets. On the board of the Linotype Company at the time was Lord Kelvin, widely regarded as Britain's leading scientist. It was Kelvin who proposed using an analogue computer to solve the equations which arise from the relative motion of the ships engaged in the battle and the time delay in the flight of the shell to calculate the required trajectory and therefore the direction and elevation of the guns. Kelvin's brother James Thomson was responsible for producing a tidal analyser using a ball, disc and cylinder differential analyser which was the original source of the suggested analogue computer.

However first accurate data is needed of the target's position and relative motion. Pollen developed a plotting unit (or plotter) to capture this data. He added a gyroscope to allow for the yaw of the firing ship. Again this required substantial development of the, at the time, primitive gyroscope to provide continuous reliable correction. Pollen used the resources of Linotype for his work, specifically the services of a designer named Harold Isherwood. Trials were carried out in 1905 and 1906, which although completely unsuccessful showed promise. To further the development of fire control, Pollen set up in 1909 the Argo Company, and in 1911 took a holding in the firm of Thomas Cooke & Sons of York, who had been manufacturing components for his equipment.

Early on Pollen was encouraged in his efforts by the rapidly rising figure of Admiral Jackie Fisher, Admiral Arthur Wilson and the Director of Naval Ordnance and Torpedoes (DNO), John Jellicoe. Many officers in the navy were naturally interested in the prospect of being able to have ranges calculated for them so that they could achieve a greater rate of hits against the enemy. In early 1906, while presenting his planned "Aim Correction" system to naval officers, he met for the second time a promising gunnery lieutenant, Frederic Dreyer. The nature of Pollen's work involved close cooperation with the Navy, and upon Dreyer's appointment as Assistant to the DNO with responsibility for fire-control he was invited to view Pollen's Linotype works at Broadheath, near Altrincham. Pollen had had a long relationship with Dreyer's predecessor, Lieutenant Harding.

Pollen continued his work, with tests carried out on Royal Navy warships intermittently. Equipment was repeatedly purchased, despite the misgivings of successive DNOs Reginald Bacon and Gordon Moore.

Dreyer began producing his own fire-control computer. The fundamental difference between the systems was that the Dreyer system was a "dual rate" approach that plotted ranges and bearings separately, versus time rather than using a single rangefinder to take both ranges and bearings to drive the drawing of a plan view of own and target ships, as in the Argo system. The systems differed in other particulars.

The single prototype Dreyer Fire Control Table (called simply "the Original") did not include a gyroscope, though the first adopted for service in 1912—the Mark III—did. Conversely, the automatic plotting of rangefinder readings on the Original Dreyer table and early service examples was later discarded in favour of manual plotting keyboards which were capable of plotting the data of multiple rangefinders. Dreyer played a key role within the Admiralty in deciding which system to use, and always chose his own.

Certain aspects of the Dreyer Table Mk III were found by a subsequent Royal Commission to be similar to Pollen's work and £30,000 compensation was paid to Pollen in 1926 based on a theoretical number of his Argo units which might have been fitted in Royal Navy ships, most of which were never constructed. Pollen's supporters have argued that the poor performance of Naval gunnery at the Battle of Jutland and at Gallipoli was due to the shortcomings of the Dreyer system, but others cite the tactics of the commander of the British battlecruisers, Vice-Admiral David Beatty.

## Journalism

At the outbreak of World War I Pollen's relationship with the Admiralty had broken down to the extent that he had been removed from the list of recognised naval contractors. The war also interrupted negotiations which had begun with foreign navies aimed at selling the Argo system to them. Some units had been purchased by Russia before the outbreak of war and some more were sold but no other countries purchased units. Pollen was thus under-employed. He wrote to a friend, Alfred Spender, editor of the Westminster Gazette, asking whether he would be interested in articles about the naval war. Spender agreed. In April 1915 he accepted a post as a feature writer for Land and Water, making this a full-time employment rather just supplying one weekly article. His task was made easier by his good relations with various naval officers he had met as part of his work on the Argo AC system. He remained in contact with James Masterton-Smith, Private secretary to the First Lord of the Admiralty, and with William Reginald Hall, who had been impressed by tests conducted on his ship, HMS Natal, and was appointed Director of Naval Intelligence shortly after the start of the war. Hall commented on the usefulness to him of a responsive journalist, should he need to present a story to the public. Pollen also embarked on a career as a lecturer, speaking at public meetings about naval affairs.

After news of the Battle of Jutland broke in Britain, based on German reports of victory Pollen attempted to redress the shortcomings of official reports issued by the Admiralty. A terse statement of facts known to them, had invited the worst possible interpretation of events. Writing for the 'Westminster Gazette' he attempted to stress the strategic result of the engagement, that the German fleet had fled from the Grand Fleet. Pollen also tried to persuade other reporters to take this line. This response to the news was in contrast to many other leading newspapers, which only belatedly began to regard the battle as a victory. Pollen was generally supportive of the establishment and the Admiralty but on occasion he disagreed publicly with their handling of the war. Commentators, such as Winston Churchill had written articles observing that British supremacy at sea was secured by the dominance of the British fleet over the German, even though no battle had been fought. This was in accord with theories of sea power, such as advocated by Alfred Thayer Mahan. Pollen argued that the cost in this case of the unresolved conflict was that Germany retained significant control of the Baltic Sea and tied up the larger part of the British fleet patrolling the North Sea. The fleet might otherwise have been used combating submarine attacks.

In April 1917 Pollen wrote an article in *Land and water* critical of the way the war against submarine attacks was being conducted and against failures in administrative organisation of the Admiralty. This was followed by another article of 3 May arguing Britain had lost control of the seas in the face of mounting losses of merchant shipping to submarines, which was suppressed by the official censor. Reaction to the censorship of a respected columnist inevitably led to greater publicity of the issue than if the article had been published and its contents became known. The Admiralty had resisted introducing a convoy system for merchant ships for some time, believing it was impractical and that too few naval vessels were available as escorts. By the end of April the Admiralty had agreed to start forming ships into convoys, although it remains a source of debate to what extent this was a result of public pressure, the direct intervention of the prime minister, David Lloyd George or the natural result of convoy trials already being conducted. Although there was great concern at mounting shipping losses and shortages of materials and food, it also remains unclear to what extent the situation was sufficiently critical to have affected Britain's ability to conduct the war.

In June 1917 Pollen embarked on a visit to America to discuss possible sales of Argo systems. He was approached by John Buchan, Director of Propaganda in the British Foreign Office, asking that he could publicise the work of the navy while there and encourage the development of the American navy. Pollen sought to address a perception amongst Americans that the British fleet had failed to defeat the German fleet, or resolve the submarine issue, thus leaving American ships open to attack. It was felt that his position as a critic of British policy added to his credibility when defending it. The success of his visit led to an offer by the British government of a knighthood and salary, should he return to America and continue a propaganda campaign. Pollen declined, arguing that he would be received entirely differently if acting in an official capacity than as an independent commentator.

### Jutland and Jellicoe

Pollen became extremely critical of the actions of the British Grand Fleet, in particular as commanded by Jellicoe. Ethel Beatty, wife of Admiral Beatty, made a point of becoming friendly with Pollen in May 1917. Pollen declared to her that he intended to have Jellicoe removed from his post as First Sea Lord within a month, and proceeded with a campaign seeking to impress his views upon anyone he could get to listen. Pollen later wrote a book about the Battle of Jutland which argued that any positive actions credited to Jellicoe must have been the work of Admiral Beatty ("The Navy in Battle", 1918). The book was described by the author of the official report on Jutland as a work which "teems with inaccuracies", and by Jellicoe's biographers as "full of errors", and "almost unreadable". Jellicoe wrote to a friend in 1921: "It fell to me to turn down his inventions on more than one occasion".

## Post-War

After World War I the Argo company had effectively ceased trading, and interest in naval journalism declined. Pollen had continued as a part-time director of Linotype and now joined the board of the Birmingham Small Arms Company (BSA). He became an active member of the Council of the Federation of British Industries and became its vice-president. He became chairman of the British Commonwealth Union and espoused the role of the entrepreneur in growth of industry, campaigning against the growth of socialism. In 1926 the post of managing director of Linotype became vacant, and he returned to it, hiring one of the first management consultants, T. Gerald Rose, to help reorganise the company. He was invited to become chairman of BSA, but declined, not having sufficient time to manage two companies. In 1936 he was part of a group of Catholics who acquired the Catholic magazine, The Tablet, and served as its chairman for a year while its fortunes were restored.

## Bibliography

* Brooks, John (2006). *Dreadnought Gunnery and the Battle of Jutland – The Question of Fire Control*. Routledge. ISBN 0-7146-5702-6.
* Brooks, John (2005). "Re: Questions on the Effectiveness of U.S. Navy Battleship Gunnery, Part III". *Warship International*. **XLII** (3): 264–266. ISSN 0043-0374.
* Dreyer, F. C.; Usborne (1913). *Pollen Aim Correction System. Part I. Technical History and Technical Comparison with Commander F. C. Dreyer's Fire Control System*. Admiralty. p. 1024 in Admiralty Library, Portsmouth, UK.
* *Handbook for Captain F. C. Dreyer's Fire Control Tables*. Admiralty. 1918. CB 1456 in Admiralty Library, Portsmouth, UK.
* Marder, Arthur J. (1969). *From the Dreadnought to Scapa Flow: The Year of Crisis*. Vol. IV. Oxford University Press.
* Massie, Robert K. (2003). *Castles of Steel: Britain, Germany, and the Winning of the Great War at Sea*. Random House. ISBN 0-345-40878-0.
* Pollen, Anthony (1980). *The Great Gunnery Scandal – The Mystery of Jutland*. Collins. p. 23. ISBN 0-00-216298-9.

Media related to Arthur Pollen at Wikimedia Commons


title: Feng Yun (Later Tang)

abstract: Feng Yun was an official of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state known as the Later Tang, serving both as chancellor and chief of staff (Shumishi) during the reigns of its second emperor Li Siyuan and Li Siyuan's son and successor Li Conghou.

text:
# Feng Yun (Later Tang)

**Feng Yun** (Chinese: 馮贇; died May 14, 934?) was an official of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state known as the Later Tang, serving both as chancellor and chief of staff (*Shumishi*) during the reigns of its second emperor Li Siyuan and Li Siyuan's son and successor Li Conghou.

## Background

It is not known when Feng Yun was born, but it is known that he was from Taiyuan. All that was recorded in history about his origins was that his father Feng Zhang—given variously as 馮璋 or 馮章—was the doorkeeper for Li Siyuan, the future Later Tang emperor. In Feng Yun's childhood, he was understanding and intelligent, and Li Siyuan liked him greatly. Later, when Li Siyuan served as a military governor (*Jiedushi*) under his adoptive brother Li Cunxu—unclear whether referring to a commission while Li Cunxu still used the Tang dynasty-bestowed title of Prince of Jin or after Li Cunxu claimed imperial title as emperor of Later Tang—Feng became his liaison officer at the imperial court.

## During Li Siyuan's reign

In 926, Li Cunxu was killed in a mutiny at then-Later Tang capital Luoyang. Li Siyuan, who had earlier rebelled against Li Cunxu, quickly arrived at Luoyang thereafter and claimed imperial title. Sometime after Li Siyuan took the throne, he made Feng Yun a protocol officer (中門使, *Zhongmenshi*) and director of palace affairs (宣徽使, *Xuanhuishi*).

In 928, when Li Siyuan made his then-oldest-surviving son Li Congrong the military governor of Hedong as well as the defender of its capital Taiyuan, he made Feng the deputy defender of Taiyuan, apparently in actual command. It was said that Li Congrong was arrogant in his youth and not paying proper attention to governance. Li Siyuan felt compelled to send, among his own associates, a man whom he believed Li Congrong respected (the man's identity is lost to history) to serve on Li Congrong's staff to try to positively influence him. The man informed Li Congrong that his younger brother Li Conghou had a much better reputation and that he should better himself so that his reputation can at least match Li Conghou's. Li Congrong was displeased by the advice, and informed this to his officer Yang Siquan (楊思權). Yang subsequently threatened the man, claiming that man was helping Li Conghou to overtake Li Congrong in succession. The man, in fear, informed the threat to Feng. Feng informed Li Siyuan, and Li Siyuan called Yang to his presence in order to disassociate him from Li Congrong, but, on Li Congrong's account, did not punish Yang. When Feng was subsequently recalled to the imperial government to again serve as the director of palace affairs, he warned the key officials in charge of government that Li Congrong had a harsh character and was acting frivolously, and needed good counsel. Shortly after, Li Congrong was recalled from Hedong to serve as the mayor of Henan Municipality (i.e., the Luoyang region) and the commander of the imperial guards, and Li Conghou, who previously held both titles, was made the military governor of Hedong, effectively swapping positions with Li Congrong.

In 930, Feng was made the defender of Taiyuan, and apparently also the military governor of Hedong. He later served as the military governor of Zhongwu Circuit (忠武, headquartered in modern Xuchang, Henan). In late 932, he was recalled from Zhongwu to again serve as director of palace affairs, and was also made the acting director of the three financial agencies (taxation, treasury, and salt and iron monopolies). In 933, Li Siyuan was prepared to make him a chancellor—usually, with the designation *Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi* (同中書門下平章事)—but as this would violate naming taboo for Feng (as his father was named Feng Zhang), Li Siyuan gave him the unusual designation *Tong Zhongshu Menxia Erpin* (同中書門下二品) as chancellor, and also made him full director of the three financial agencies.

By that time, Li Siyuan's chiefs of staff, Fan Yanguang and Zhao Yanshou, both were apprehensive of Li Congrong, and wanted to leave their posts to avoid confrontations with him. Despite Li Siyuan's displeasure (as he felt that they were abandoning him in his illness), he first allowed Zhao to leave to become the military governor of Xuanwu Circuit (宣武, headquartered in modern Kaifeng, Henan), replacing him with Zhu Hongzhao; and later also allowed Fan to leave to serve as the military governor of Chengde Circuit (成德, headquartered in modern Shijiazhuang, Hebei), replacing him with Feng.

Shortly after, Li Siyuan became deathly ill. Li Congrong wanted to forcibly enter the palace and take control, but his overtures to Zhu and Feng, asking them to go along with his plans, were rebuffed. He subsequently launched his troops and tried to seize control of the palace, but the imperial guards, under orders from Zhu and Feng, resisted and defeated Li Congrong, who was subsequently killed. Li Siyuan then decided to summon Li Conghou back from Tianxiong Circuit (天雄, headquartered in modern Handan, Hebei), effectively designating him as heir. Before Li Conghou could arrive, Li Siyuan died, and when Li Conghou arrived at Luoyang, Zhu and Feng supported him to be emperor.

## During Li Conghou's reign

As Zhu Hongzhao believed himself to be the person most instrumental to Li Conghou's enthronement, he tried to dominate the court scene. That caused him to eject Li Conghou's most trusted follower, Song Lingxun (宋令訓), out of Li Conghou's proximity, to be the prefect of Ci Prefecture (磁州, in modern Handan), despite Li Conghou's displeasure. He and Feng Yun similarly distrusted the imperial guard generals An Yanwei (安彥威) and Zhang Congbin (張從賓), and An and Zhang were sent out to be the military governors of Huguo and Zhangyi (彰義, headquartered in modern Pingliang, Gansu), respectively, and replaced with Zhu Hongshi (朱洪實) and Huangfu Yu (皇甫遇).

In spring 934, Li Conghou bestowed on Feng (as well as Zhu and Li Siyuan's son-in-law Shi Jingtang the military governor of Hedong) the greater chancellor title *Zhongshu Ling* (中書令). Feng, however, tried to decline it as he claimed to be unworthy of it, and so was instead given the slightly less prestigious title of *Shizhong* (侍中).

Meanwhile, Zhu and Feng also distrusted Li Conghou's older adoptive brother, Li Congke the Prince of Lu, who was then serving as the military governor of Fengxiang, and Shi Jingtang, as Li Congke and Shi had long served as generals under Li Siyuan and were respected by the imperial army. Due to their distrust of Li Congke, they ejected Li Congke's son Li Chongji (李重吉), who was at that time an officer in the imperial guard corps, to be the military prefect of Bo Prefecture (亳州, in modern Bozhou, Anhui), and ordered Li Congke's daughter Li Huiming (李惠明), who had previously become a Buddhist nun in a temple at Luoyang, to live in the palace so that they would have control over her. These actions caused Li Congke to become very apprehensive.

Shortly after, Zhu and Feng decided that they did not want to allow Shi to remain at Hedong for too long, and they also wanted to recall the eunuch Meng Hanqiong, who had been overseeing the governance of Tianxiong ever since Li Conghou was recalled from Tianxiong. They thus issued a series of orders as chiefs of staff, recalling Meng, and moving Fan Yanguang from Chengde Circuit to Tianxiong, Li Congke from Fengxiang to Hedong, and Shi from Hedong to Chengde. Despite the seriousness of these orders, no edicts were issued by the emperor. Li Congke, fearing that these moves were targeted toward him, rebelled. The imperial government sent the general Wang Sitong to command the operations against Fengxiang, and initially, it appeared that Wang would prevail, as his siege against Fengxiang's capital Fengxiang Municipality almost caused it to fall. However, at that time, a group of soldiers, led by Yang Siquan, defected to Li Congke, causing the imperial army, to collapse, with most of the army surrendering to Li Congke. Li Congke then took his army and headed for Luoyang, announcing that all who surrendered to him would be forgiven, except Zhu and Feng. Upon hearing this news, Li Conghou panicked and considered surrendering the throne to Li Congke, and Zhu and Feng were not sure how to react. The imperial guard general Kang Yicheng (康義誠), however, who was secretly considering defecting to Li Congke as well, offered to command the remaining imperial forces against Li Congke. Li Conghou agreed. (Meanwhile, Li Chongji and Li Huimin were executed.)

Even before Kang's army could meet Li Congke's advancing forces, however, the soldiers began to desert and surrender to Li Congke. Kang himself then did so as well. Upon hearing this, Li Conghou summoned Zhu to try to think of what to do next. Zhu, however, interpreted the command summoning him to be a sign that Li Conghou intended to punish him for his wrong advice, and committed suicide by jumping into a well. The imperial guard general An Congjin then killed Feng and delivered Zhu's and Feng's heads to Li Congke. (Li Conghou fled Luoyang, and was subsequently killed by Li Congke's emissaries after Shi also refused to support him.) Feng's mother had recently died, and both her body and his were abandoned on the road. Feng's wife and children were also killed, except a three-year-old son, who was hidden by his former subordinate Zhang Shousu (張守素).

## Notes and references

1. *Zizhi Tongjian*, vol. 279.
2. Academia Sinica Chinese-Western Calendar Converter.
3. It was clear that Feng Yun's colleague Zhu Hongzhao committed suicide on that day. The historical records also indicate that the general An Congjin, upon hearing of Zhu's suicide, killed Feng, implying that it was on the same day, but not completely establishing it as such.
4. *New History of the Five Dynasties*, vol. 27.
5. *Zizhi Tongjian*, vol. 278.
6. *Zizhi Tongjian*, vol. 275.
7. *Zizhi Tongjian*, vol. 276.
8. *Zizhi Tongjian*, vol. 277.