title: 2007 Nigerian general election

text:
# 2007 Nigerian general election

General elections were held in Nigeria on 21 April 2007 to elect the President and National Assembly. Governorship and State Assembly elections had been held on 14 April.

Umaru Yar'Adua of the ruling People's Democratic Party (PDP) won the highly controversial presidential election, and was sworn in on 29 May. Election observers from the European Union described the elections as "the worst they had ever seen anywhere in the world", with "rampant vote rigging, violence, theft of ballot boxes and intimidation.".

## Background

On 16 May 2006 the Nigerian Senate voted to block a constitutional amendment which would have allowed its president to serve more than two terms in office. President Olusegun Obasanjo thus could not pursue a third term. Additionally he was unsupported by Atiku Abubakar, his vice-president. Presidential candidates were announced in late December 2006, and 50,000 assault rifles were ordered to help the military maintain order during the election. Umaru Yar'Adua was the candidate of the ruling People's Democratic Party (PDP), and the opposition All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP) featured Muhammadu Buhari. Atiku Abubakar, the incumbent Vice-President, announced on 25 November 2006 that he would contest the election, and he subsequently became the presidential candidate of the Action Congress in December.

## Candidates

The Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) declared Abubakar ineligible to run due to fraud charges. A High Court had ruled that the commission could not disqualify candidates, but INEC claimed that the constitution barred candidates from running if indicted. Another superior court, the Court of Appeal, ruled in favour of the Electoral Commission by saying that it has powers to disqualify candidates. Abubakar attempted to get on the ballot via court challenge. In a case that came before the apex court, the court ruled that INEC has no constitutional powers to disqualify any candidates for the election, clearing the way for Abubakar to run. The Supreme Court, the country's highest judicial body, confirmed this ruling and reaffirmed Abubakar's candidacy.

Adebayo Adefarati, the candidate of the small Alliance for Democracy, died shortly before the election on 29 March 2007. This raised the possibility of the election being delayed, as the law provides for a delay under the circumstances if requested by the party that had nominated the candidate; however, a spokesman for INEC said that the election would not be delayed. He said that the party could nominate a replacement candidate.

## Conduct

The Nigerian military killed at least 25 suspected Islamic militants on 18 April, while battling extremists who attacked a police station on 17 April in Kano, days before the election. Shortly before voting began on 21 April, there was an alleged attempt in Bayelsa State to kill Goodluck Jonathan, who is the PDP vice-presidential candidate and the governor of the state, as well as a failed attempt to destroy INEC headquarters in Abuja with a truck bomb.

Following the gubernatorial and state assembly elections on 14 April, 18 political parties including those of Abubakar and Buhari, demanded on 17 April that the presidential election be postponed, that INEC be disbanded, and that the earlier elections be annulled; otherwise, they said that they would consider boycotting the presidential election. On 19 April, however, both Buhari's ANPP and Abubakar's Action Congress said that they would not boycott the election.

The 60 million presidential election ballot papers were kept in South Africa to prevent tampering. However, last-minute changes to add Abubakar to the list caused problems in distribution of ballots as papers did not arrive from South Africa until Friday evening. The reprinted papers were not serially numbered as was intended.

### Observers

Following the presidential election, groups monitoring the election gave it a dismal assessment. Chief European Union observer Max van den Berg reported that the handling of the polls had "fallen far short" of basic international standards, and that "the process cannot be considered to be credible", citing "poor election organisation, lack of transparency, significant evidence of fraud, voter disenfranchisement, violence and bias." They described the election as "the worst they had ever seen anywhere in the world", with "rampant vote rigging, violence, theft of ballot boxes and intimidation". One group of observers said that at one polling station in Yenagoa, in the oil-rich south, where 500 people were registered to vote, more than 2,000 votes were counted.

Felix Alaba Job, head of the Catholic Bishops Conference, cited massive fraud and disorganisation, including result sheets being passed around to politicians who simply filled in numbers as they chose while bribed returning electoral officers looked away.

## Results

### President

Official figures on voter turnout were not released but the turnout was estimated at 57.5 percent of 61.5 million registered voters.

The first results to be released, from Rivers State, showed a large majority for Yar'Adua. On April 23, Yar'Adua was declared the winner by INEC, which said that he had received 70% of the vote (24,638,063 votes). Buhari was in second place with 18% of the vote (6,605,299 votes), while Abubakar was placed third with about 7% (2,637,848 votes). Both Buhari and Abubakar rejected the results. The opposition candidates believe the election was rigged in Yar'Adua's favor.

Outgoing president Olusegun Obasanjo stated in a televised address that the election "could not be described as perfect".

Results, announced by Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) Chairman Prof. Maurice Iwu, were: The results did not disclose the total votes scored in the states or the percentages of the scores by the presidential candidates.

| Candidate | | Party | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Umaru Yar'Adua | People's Democratic Party | 24,638,063 | 69.60 |
|  | Muhammadu Buhari | All Nigeria Peoples Party | 6,605,299 | 18.66 |
|  | Atiku Abubakar | Action Congress | 2,637,848 | 7.45 |
|  | Orji Uzor Kalu | Progressive Peoples Alliance | 608,803 | 1.72 |
|  | Attahiru Bafarawa | Democratic People's Party | 289,224 | 0.82 |
|  | Chukwuemeka Odimegwu Ojukwu | All Progressives Grand Alliance | 155,947 | 0.44 |
|  | Pere Ajuwa | Alliance for Democracy | 89,241 | 0.25 |
|  | Chris Okotie | Fresh Democratic Party | 74,049 | 0.21 |
|  | Patrick Utomi | African Democratic Congress | 50,849 | 0.14 |
|  | Asakarawon Olapere | Nigeria People's Congress | 33,771 | 0.10 |
|  | Ambrose Owuru | Hope Democratic Party | 28,519 | 0.08 |
|  | Arthur Nwankwo | People's Mandate Party | 24,164 | 0.07 |
|  | Emmanuel Okereke | African Liberation Party | 22,677 | 0.06 |
|  | Lawrence Adedoyin | African Political System | 22,409 | 0.06 |
|  | Habu Fari | National Democratic Party | 21,974 | 0.06 |
|  | Galtima Liman | New Nigeria Peoples Party | 21,665 | 0.06 |
|  | Maxi Okwu | Citizens Popular Party | 14,027 | 0.04 |
|  | Sunny Okogwu | Republican Party of Nigeria | 13,566 | 0.04 |
|  | Bartholomew Nnaji | Better Nigeria Party | 11,705 | 0.03 |
|  | Emmanuel Obayuwana | National Conscience Party | 8,229 | 0.02 |
|  | Olapade Agoro | National Action Council | 5,752 | 0.02 |
|  | Akpone Solomon | National Majority Democratic Party | 5,664 | 0.02 |
|  | Isa Odidi | New Democrats | 5,408 | 0.02 |
|  | Aminu Abubakar | National Unity Party | 4,355 | 0.01 |
|  | Mojisola Obasanjo | Nigerian Masses Movement | 4,309 | 0.01 |
| Total | | | 35,397,517 | 100.00 |
|  | | | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | | | 61,567,036 |  |
| Source: African Elections Database | | | | |

### Senate

|  | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Seats |
|  | People's Democratic Party | 85 |
|  | All Nigeria Peoples Party | 16 |
|  | Action Congress | 6 |
|  | Progressive Peoples Alliance | 1 |
|  | Accord | 1 |
|  | Labour Party | 0 |
| Total | | 109 |
|  | | |
| Source: IPU | | |

### House of Representatives

|  | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Seats |
|  | People's Democratic Party | 262 |
|  | All Nigeria Peoples Party | 62 |
|  | Action Congress | 32 |
|  | Progressive Peoples Alliance | 3 |
|  | Labour Party | 1 |
|  | Accord | 0 |
| Total | | 360 |
|  | | |
| Source: IPU | | |

#### Results by state

### State elections

After the death of Chief M.K.O Abiola, the ruling PDP won 26 of the 32 states, according to INEC, including Kaduna State and Katsina State, where the results were contested by the local population; the election will have to be rerun in Imo State and Enugu State due to complications. By the last count, Obasanjo's PDP party had won 29 of 33 states so far declared, with Human Rights Watch describing the vote-rigging as "shameless".

## Reactions

### Domestic

Ikimi and Amusu, the representatives of the AC and the ANPP at the INEC Collation Centre in Abuja, denounced the results announced by the INEC Chairman. According to Ikimi, "In states like Edo, Enugu, Ebonyi, Imo, Akwa Ibom etc., we know that the elections did not start even as late as 5 pm. The results collated showed that over 80 percent of the votes being counted in favour of the PDP and they are totally flawed. In most of the states, only the Resident Electoral Commissioners and the PDP Agents signed the results. We have been here since yesterday (Sunday) to observe this collation and we only collated eleven states and the INEC Chairman just rushed down to declare the results and declare Umaru Yar’Adua as the winner."

According to Ikimi, "The result sheets we viewed so far was not signed by any of our agents at the state level. They were only signed by Resident Electoral Commissioners and only the PDP agents."

Also, Admiral Lanre Amusu who represented the ANPP at the INEC collation centre concurred what Chief Tom Ikimi said. "I am in total agreement with what Chief Ikimi has just said. Only results from 13 states and they were collated and signed by the Resident Electoral Commissioners in the States and the PDP Agents. Our agents did not sign these results."

The national chairman of the Democratic Peoples Alliance (DPA), Chief Olu Falae, with leaders of the African Democratic Congress (ADC), the Action Congress (AC), All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP), National Advance Party (NAP) and the National Democratic Party (NDP), has called for the setting up of an Interim National Government to conduct credible elections in the country. Falae explained that the country needed an ING to guard against the emergence of the military on the political scene.

The Atiku Abubakar Campaign Organisation claimed that the INEC deliberately left 70 percent of the ballot papers in a warehouse in Johannesburg, South Africa. They claimed that the contractors could have freighted the entire 200-ton consignment into the country three days before the election (Thursday) but the INEC told them to bring only 30 percent of the ballot papers.

Nigeria's Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka said the West should deny entry visas to election commissioner Maurice Iwu for his "complicity in the fraudulent elections." He said he has heard of the financial prudence and moral uprightness of Yar'Adua. "I wish he \[Yar'Adua\] would carry his decency even further by publicly renouncing this poisoned chalice to say: 'I'm not a receiver of stolen goods'."

### International

A spokesman for the United States Department of State said it was "deeply troubled" by election polls, calling them "flawed", and said it hoped the political parties would resolve any differences over the election through peaceful, constitutional means.

"Nigeria has once again failed to rise to the occasion.... Size isn't enough.... It is a failed giant," said prominent Ghanaian economist Nii Moi Thompson. He compared its elections to those of Liberia in 2005, saying, "Even Liberia, which is coming out of war, had more credible elections than Nigeria."

"There is the saying: 'How goes Nigeria, so goes the rest of Africa', to have this widespread abuse of the democratic initiative certainly doesn't do Africa any good," said Scott Baker, a professor at Champlain College in the US city of Burlington, Vermont. "How can Nigeria sit at the meetings of the African Union African Peer Review Mechanism or ECOWAS and talk about other people's elections?" he asked.

## Aftermath

Yar'Adua was inaugurated on 29 May 2007.

In July 2008, the Labour Party governorship candidate in Ondo State, Dr Olusegun Mimiko was declared the lawful winner of the election by the Election Petition Tribunal thereby nullifying the election of PDP candidate, Dr Olusegun Agagu.

Buhari and Abubakar filed petitions to have the results of the presidential election invalidated due to alleged fraud, but on 26 February 2008 a court rejected the petitions. Buhari and Abubakar said that they would appeal to the Supreme Court.

## InfoBox

2007 Nigerian general election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Presidential election | |
|  | |
| Nominee **Umaru Yar'Adua** Muhammadu Buhari Atiku Abubakar  Party PDP ANPP ACN  Running mate **Goodluck Jonathan** Edwin Ume-Ezeoke   Popular vote **24,638,063** 6,605,299 2,637,848  Percentage **69.60%** 18.66% 7.45% | |
| ---  **President before election**
Olusegun Obasanjo
PDP **Elected President**
Umaru Yar'Adua
PDP | |
|  | |


title: Ereboenis

abstract: Ereboenis is a monotypic snout moth genus. Its only species, Ereboenis saturata, is found in southern India. Both the genus and species were first described by Edward Meyrick in 1935. The larvae are a pest of tea.

text:
# Ereboenis

***Ereboenis*** is a monotypic snout moth genus. Its only species, ***Ereboenis saturata***, is found in southern India. Both the genus and species were first described by Edward Meyrick in 1935.

The larvae are a pest of tea.

## InfoBox

| *Ereboenis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Pyralidae |
| Genus: | ***Ereboenis***
Meyrick, 1935 |
| Species: | ***E. saturata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Ereboenis saturata***
Meyrick, 1935 | |
|


title: 2006 AFC Champions League final

abstract: The 2006 AFC Champions League Final was a two-legged football tie to determine the 2006 champions of Asian club football. South Korean club Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors defeated Syrian representative Al-Karamah 3–2 on aggregate to take the title. As of 2022, this was the only final of an AFC Champions League involving a Syrian club. The first leg took place on 1 November 2006 at 19:00 local time (UTC+9) at Jeonju World Cup Stadium in Jeonju, which Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors won 2–0. The second leg took place on 8 November 2006 at 20:00 local time (UTC+3) at Khaled bin Walid Stadium, Homs, which Al-Karamah took 2–1.

text:
# 2006 AFC Champions League final

The **2006 AFC Champions League Final** was a two-legged football tie to determine the 2006 champions of Asian club football. South Korean club Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors defeated Syrian representative Al-Karamah 3–2 on aggregate to take the title. As of 2022, this was the only final of an AFC Champions League involving a Syrian club. The first leg took place on 1 November 2006 at 19:00 local time (UTC+9) at Jeonju World Cup Stadium in Jeonju, which Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors won 2–0. The second leg took place on 8 November 2006 at 20:00 local time (UTC+3) at Khaled bin Walid Stadium, Homs, which Al-Karamah took 2–1.

## Format

The rules for the final were exactly the same as for the previous knockout rounds. The tie was contested over two legs with away goals deciding the winner if the two teams were level on goals after the second leg. If the teams could still not be separated at that stage then extra time would have been played with a penalty shootout taking place if the teams were still level after that.

## The Route to the final

### Al-Karamah

| Opponents | Round | H/A | Score1 | Al-Karamah goalscorers |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Al-Wahda | Group Stage | H | 21 | Mohamad Al Hamawi, Ahmad Turkmani |
| Saba Battery | Group Stage | A | 21 | Jehad Al-Hussain, Mohannad Ibrahim |
| Al-Gharafa | Group Stage | A | 04 |  |
| Al-Gharafa | Group Stage | H | 31 | Ahmad Turkmani (2), Abdel Kader Rifai |
| Al-Wahda | Group Stage | A | 24 | Abdel Kader Rifai, Aatef Jenyat |
| Saba Battery | Group Stage | H | 10 | Abdel Kader Rifai |
| Al-Ittihad | Quarterfinal 1st leg | A | 02 |  |
| Al-Ittihad | Quarterfinal 2nd leg | H | 40 | Ahmad Omaier, Mohamad Al Hamawi, Mohannad Ibrahim (2) |
| Al-Qadisiya | Semifinal 1st leg | H | 00 |  |
| Al-Qadisiya | Semifinal 2nd leg | A | 10 | Aatef Jenyat |
|

1Al-Karamah's score is shown first.

### Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors

| Opponents | Round | H/A | Score1 | Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors goalscorers |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Gamba Osaka | Group Stage | H | 32 | Milton Rodriguez, Kim Hyeung-Bum (2) |
| Dalian Shide | Group Stage | A | 01 |  |
| Da Nang | Group Stage | H | 30 | Milton Rodriguez, Kim Hyeung-Bum, Botti |
| Da Nang | Group Stage | A | 10 | Zé Carlos |
| Gamba Osaka | Group Stage | A | 11 | Cho Jin-Soo |
| Dalian Shide | Group Stage | H | 31 | Kim Hyeung-Bum (2), Wang Jung-Hyun |
| Shanghai Shenhua | Quarterfinal 1st leg | A | 01 |  |
| Shanghai Shenhua | Quarterfinal 2nd leg | H | 42 | Zé Carlos (2), Yeom Ki-Hun, Jung Jong-Kwan |
| Ulsan Hyundai Horang-i | Semifinal 1st leg | H | 23 | Zé Carlos, Yeom Ki-Hun |
| Ulsan Hyundai Horang-i | Semifinal 2nd leg | A | 41 | Choi Jin-Cheul, Jung Jong-Kwan, Lim Yoo-Hwan, Lee Kwang-Hyun |
|

1Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors's score is shown first.

## Final summary

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors** | 32 | Al-Karamah | 20 | 12 |

### First leg

| Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors | 2  0 | Al-Karamah |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Yeom Ki-Hun  59'
Botti  90+1' |  |  |

Jeonju World Cup Stadium, JeonjuAttendance: 25,830Referee: 0

| **JEONBUK HYUNDAI MOTORS:**   GK **21**  Kwon Sun-Tae  DF **8**  Jung Jong-Kwan  DF **4**  Choi Jin-Cheul  DF **5**  Kim Young-Sun  DF **26**  Jang Ji-Hyun  MF **11**  Yeom Ki-Hun   86'  MF **6**  Kim Hyun-Soo   50'  MF **16**  Lim You-Hwan  MF **22**  Kim Hyeung-Bum  FW **28**  Wang Jung-Hyun   56'  FW **15**  Zé Carlos  **Substitutes:**  GK **27**  Sung Kyung-Il  DF **18**  Heo Hoon-Goo  DF **20**  Kim In-Ho   86'  MF **9**  Han Je-Kwang  MF **12**  Jeon Kwang-Hwan   56'  MF **13**  Shin Sang-Hoon  MF **17**  Choi Young-Hoon  FW **10**  Botti   50'  FW **25**  Jung Soo-Jong  **Manager:**  Choi Kang-Hee | **AL-KARAMAH:**   GK **1**  Mosab Balhous  DF **14**  Anas Al Khouja  DF **3**  Fabio Santos  DF **5**  Jihad Qassab  73'  MF **21**  Aatef Jenyat  51'  MF **10**  Iyad Mando  MF **7**  Abdel Kader Rifai   86'  MF **9**  Mohamad Al Hamawi  MF **6**  Jehad Al-Hussain  FW **8**  Mohannad Ibrahim   66'  FW **20**  Ahmad Omaier   79'  **Substitutes:**  GK **22**  Adnan Al Hafez  DF **2**  Naser Al Sebai   66'  DF **4**  Hassan Abbas  DF **13**  Belal Abduldaim  DF **23**  Tawfek Taearah  MF **15**  Odai Mohamad Eid   86'  MF **18**  Mahmoud Al Malloul  MF **24**  Mohamad Abdulkader  FW **17**  Yussef Sleman   79'  **Manager:**  Mohammad Kwid |
| --- | --- |

### Second leg

| Al-Karamah | 2  1 | Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Iyad Mando  54'
Mohannad Ibrahim  61' |  | Zé Carlos  86' |

Khaled bin Walid Stadium, HomsAttendance: 40,000Referee: Mark Shield (Australia)

| **AL-KARAMAH:**   GK **1**  Mosab Balhous  DF **14**  Anas Al Khouja  DF **3**  Fabio Santos  DF **13**  Belal Abduldaim   86'  DF **5**  Jihad Qassab  56'  MF **7**  Abdel Kader Rifai  MF **10**  Iyad Mando  MF **6**  Jehad Al-Hussain  MF **21**  Aatef Jenyat  FW **8**  Mohannad Ibrahim  FW **9**  Mohamad Al Hamawi   64'  **Substitutes:**  GK **22**  Adnan Al Hafez  DF **2**  Naser Al Sebai  DF **4**  Hassan Abbas  DF **23**  Tawfek Taearah  MF **11**  Fahd Aodi  MF **15**  Odai Mohamad Eid  MF **18**  Mahmoud Al Malloul  FW **19**  Abdulrahman Akkari   86'  FW **20**  Ahmad Omaier   64'  **Manager:**  Mohammad Kwid | **JEONBUK HYUNDAI MOTORS:**   GK **21**  Kwon Sun-Tae  DF **4**  Choi Jin-Cheul  DF **5**  Kim Young-Sun  DF **6**  Kim Hyun-Soo  MF **12**  Jeon Kwang-Hwan   66'  MF **26**  Jang Ji-Hyun  MF **16**  Lim You-Hwan  MF **19**  Kwon Jip   56'  FW **8**  Jung Jong-Kwan  FW **11**  Yeom Ki-Hun  FW **15**  Zé Carlos   88'  **Substitutes:**  GK **27**  Sung Kyung-Il  DF **18**  Heo Hoon-Goo  DF **20**  Kim In-Ho   66'  DF **28**  Wang Jung-Hyun   88'  MF **17**  Choi Young-Hoon  MF **22**  Kim Hyeung-Bum   56'  FW **10**  Botti  FW **25**  Jung Soo-Jong   **Manager:**  Choi Kang-Hee |
| --- | --- |

## InfoBox

2006 AFC Champions League final
| Event | 2006 AFC Champions League |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| First leg | |
|  | |
| Date | 1 November 2006 |
| Venue | Jeonju World Cup Stadium, Jeonju |
| Referee | 0 |
| Attendance | 25,830 |
| Second leg | |
|  | |
| Date | 8 November 2006 |
| Venue | Khaled bin Walid Stadium, Homs |
| Referee | Mark Shield |
| Attendance | 40,000 |
|


title: 1957 Guatemalan general election

text:
# 1957 Guatemalan general election

General elections were held in Guatemala on 20 October 1957. Miguel Ortiz Passarelli won the presidential election. However, the elections were nullified on 23 October 1957 following protests against electoral fraud, and fresh elections were held in 1958.

## Results

### President

| Candidate | | Party | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Miguel Ortiz Passarelli | National Democratic Movement | 241,335 | 51.64 |
|  | Miguel Ydígoras Fuentes | National Democratic Reconciliation Party | 173,365 | 37.10 |
|  | Miguel Asturias Quiñónez | Guatemalan Christian Democracy | 52,600 | 11.26 |
| Total | | | 467,300 | 100.00 |
|  | | | | |
| Source: Nohlen | | | | |

## Bibliography

* Villagrán Kramer, Francisco. Biografía política de Guatemala: años de guerra y años de paz. FLACSO-Guatemala, 2004.
* Political handbook of the world 1957. New York, 1958.

## InfoBox

1957 Guatemalan general election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Presidential election | |
| Nominee **Miguel Ortiz** Miguel Ydígoras Miguel Asturias Quiñónez  Party MLN PRDN DCG  Popular vote **241,335** 173,365 52,600  Percentage **51.64%** 37.10% 11.26% | |
| ---  **President before election**
Arturo Gonzáles
MLN **President-elect**
None
(Results annulled) | |
|  | |


abstract:
Emmett Till: How She Sent Him and How She Got Him Back is a painting completed by African-American artist Lisa Whittington in 2012. The painting is a portrait of a 14-year-old boy named Emmett Till. In 1955, he was visiting family in Money, Mississippi, from Chicago, when he was kidnapped and lynched by two white men for offending a white woman. Emmett Till's mother, Mamie Till, held an open casket funeral, and allowed the media to cover it, as well as the physical appearance of Emmett Till's body. She had said, "I wanted the world to see what they did to my baby."
As of February 2019, Emmett Till: How She Sent Him and How She Got Him Back, is displayed at the Mississippi Civil Rights Museum in Jackson, Mississippi. The original work is mixed media on canvas, and is 24 inches in length by 36 inches in height.

text:
# Emmett Till: How She Sent Him and How She Got Him Back

***Emmett Till: How She Sent Him and How She Got Him Back*** is a painting completed by African-American artist Lisa Whittington in 2012. The painting is a portrait of a 14-year-old boy named Emmett Till. In 1955, he was visiting family in Money, Mississippi, from Chicago, when he was kidnapped and lynched by two white men for offending a white woman. Emmett Till's mother, Mamie Till, held an open casket funeral, and allowed the media to cover it, as well as the physical appearance of Emmett Till's body. She had said, "I wanted the world to see what they did to my baby." As of February 2019, *Emmett Till: How She Sent Him and How She Got Him Back,* is displayed at the Mississippi Civil Rights Museum in Jackson, Mississippi. The original work is mixed media on canvas, and is 24 inches in length by 36 inches in height.

## Inspiration

In an interview with NBC News, Dr. Whittington says that when she "saw a picture of Mamie Till receiving the body of her son at an Illinois terminal after his murder," she was inspired to create the painting. It took her "over ten years" to complete because of the emotional toll it took on her. She worked back and forth between *Emmett Till: How She Sent Him and How She Got Him Back,* and a separate painting *Mamie Till: Grace Under Fire* (2018).

## Depiction

The left side of the painting uses bright colors and clean lines to display Emmett Till's face before he was found lynched. The right side of the painting uses dark colors and texture to display Emmett Till's face after he was found lynched. The detail present in the painting on the right side of the face is consistent with reports done in an autopsy by the FBI, and with witness testimonies given in the same report. It is also accordant with photos of Emmett Till's face before and after the lynching, shared throughout the media after his death.

## Response

When a similar painting by Dana Shutz, *Open Casket* (2016), was shown at the 2017 Whitney Biennial, and sparked public debate, comparison in the media between the two pieces began.

Dr. Jared Sexton, author and professor of African American studies, describes Dr. Whittington's painting as such: "Careful and responsible is the leitmotif of Whittington's painting, as it is for most black artists, critics and curators who have weighed in on the matter representing Emmett Till and the whole range of issues that seem to condense around his image and likeness."

## Influences

Dr. Lisa Whittington's main influence is Vincent van Gogh. She is fascinated with his work, *The Starry Night* (1889). In a TED Talk, she says "nobody had ever given \[the wind\] color until Vincent Van Gogh did that for me." She is also influenced by Frida Kahlo, Jean-Michel Basquiat, Keith Haring, Pablo Picasso, and Romare Bearden.

## Other works

*Harlem Baby: My Lord What A Morning* (2015), *I Am A Man* (2016), *Mamie Till: Grace Under Fire* (2018), *Emmett, Until* (2018), *Except As A Punishment For Crime* (2019)

## InfoBox

| Emmett Till: How She Sent Him and How She Got Him Back | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Artist | Lisa Whittington |
| Year | 2012 |
| Medium | Mixed Media |
| Movement | Contemporary art |
| Location | Mississippi Civil Rights Museum, Jackson, Mississippi |


title: 2003 Sai Kung District Council election

abstract: The 2003 Sai Kung District Council election was held on 23 November 2003 to elect all 20 elected members to the 27-member District Council.

text:
# 2003 Sai Kung District Council election

The **2003 Sai Kung District Council election** was held on 23 November 2003 to elect all 20 elected members to the 27-member District Council.

## Overall election results

**Before election:**

| **4** | **13** |
| --- | --- |
| **Pro-dem** | **Pro-Beijing** |

**Change in composition:**

| **8** | **12** |
| --- | --- |
| **Pro-democracy** | **Pro-Beijing** |

Sai Kung District Council election result 2003
| Party | | Seats | Gains | Losses | Net gain/loss | Seats % | Votes % | Votes | +/− |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Independent | 5 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 29.4 | 34.8 | 17,582 |  |
|  | Democratic | 4 | 1 | 0 | +1 | 23.5 | 21.2 | 12,262 | +7.5 |
|  | Civil Force | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12.5 | 17.3 | 10,012 |  |
|  | DAB | 4 | 0 | 1 | −1 | 23.5 | 24.5 | 7,662 | −3.8 |
|  | HKPA | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 23.5 | 11.8 | 6,861 |  |
|  | ADPL | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.5 | 1,480 |  |
|  | Liberal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6.8 | 1,246 |  |
|  | New Forum | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.4 | 833 |  |

## InfoBox

2003 Sai Kung District Council election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| ---  20 (of the 27) seats to Sai Kung District Council<br>14 seats needed for a majority | |
| Turnout | 47.0% |
| First party Second party   Party Democratic DAB  Last election 3 seats, 13.7% 5 seats, 17.0%  Seats before 3 5  Seats won **4** **4**  Seat change 1 1  Popular vote **12,262** 7,662  Percentage **21.2%** 13.2%  Swing 7.5% 3.8%   ---  Third party Fourth party   Party HKPA Civil Force  Last election 3 seats, 16.4% *Did not contest*  Seats before 4 3  Seats won 4 3  Seat change    Popular vote 6,861 10,012  Percentage 11.8% 17.3%  Swing 4.6% N/A | |
| ---  Colours on map indicate winning party for each constituency. | |


title: Erastus S. Prosser

abstract: Erastus Sabinus Prosser was an American politician from New York.

text:
# Erastus S. Prosser

**Erastus Sabinus Prosser** (September 2, 1809 – May 11, 1888) was an American politician from New York.

## Early life

Prosser was born on September 2, 1809, in the area which was separated as the Town of Westerlo, Albany County, New York in 1815. His father was a physician with a country practice.

At an early age he removed to Albany, New York, and served as a clerk in the forwarding house of Dows & Cary there.

## Career

In 1845, Prosser moved to Buffalo, New York, and continued his business there until about 1858 when he retired. He remained involved in canal matters, including the Erie Canal, throughout his life.

Prosser entered politics as a Democrat, but his "Anti-slavery proclivities led him into the support of Mr. Van Buren for the Presidency" and he joined the Free Soil Party in 1848, and the Republican Party upon its foundation in 1855. He was a member of the New York State Senate (31st D.) from 1859 to 1861, sitting in the 82nd, 83rd and 84th New York State Legislatures.

He was a delegate to the New York State Constitutional Convention of 1867 to 1868.

## Personal life

> Senator Prosser is rather prepossessing in his personal appearance, being about medium in height, with an active frame, sharp, grey eyes, and a bushy, iron-grey beard; and wears a cheerful good-natured, though dignified and somewhat reserved expression upon his countenance which, at once, gives assurance of the real man.

*Biographical Sketches of the State Officers and Members of the Legislature of the State of New York*, 1859

Prosser was married three times and in 1877 was sued by Anna A. Hickey, a woman who claimed he proposed but refused to marry her. In 1834, he married Lucy Wilbur, and they had four children, including:

After the death of his first wife, he married Kate Muldary, a native of Brooklyn, New York. They lived at 786 Delaware Avenue in Buffalo. In 1880, Kate committed suicide by jumping from the roof of a five-story tenement at 430 East 14th Street in New York City. He married, thirdly, to Mary A. Finnegan of Buffalo.

Prosser died in Buffalo on May 11, 1888. He was buried at the Forest Lawn Cemetery, Buffalo.

### Descendants

Through his son Henry, he was a grandfather of the banker and philanthropist Seward Prosser (1871–1942), who served as the head of Bankers Trust.

## InfoBox

| Erastus S. Prosser | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the New York State Senate for the 31st District | |
| **In office**
1859–1861 | |
| Preceded by | James Wadsworth |
| Succeeded by | John Ganson |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Erastus Sabinus Prosser
(1809-09-02)September 2, 1809
Westerlo, New York |
| Died | May 11, 1888(1888-05-11) (aged 78)
Buffalo, New York |
| Political party | Democrat
Free Soil Party
Republican Party |
| Relations | Seward Prosser (grandson) |
|  | |


abstract: The 2007 Nippon Professional Baseball season was the 58th season since the NPB was reorganized in 1950 and the first to feature the Climax Series.

text:
# 2007 Nippon Professional Baseball season

The **2007 Nippon Professional Baseball season** was the 58th season since the NPB was reorganized in 1950 and the first to feature the Climax Series.

## Regular season

### Standings

#### Central League

2007 Central League standings
| Team | Pld | W | L | T | PCT | GB |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Yomiuri Giants | 144 | 80 | 63 | 1 | .559 |  |
| Chunichi Dragons | 144 | 78 | 64 | 2 | .549 | 1.5 |
| Hanshin Tigers | 144 | 74 | 66 | 4 | .528 | 4.5 |
| Yokohama BayStars | 144 | 71 | 72 | 1 | .497 | 9 |
| Hiroshima Toyo Carp | 144 | 60 | 82 | 2 | .424 | 19.5 |
| Tokyo Yakult Swallows | 144 | 60 | 84 | 0 | .417 | 20.5 |

Source:

#### Pacific League

2007 Pacific League standings
| Team | Pld | W | L | T | PCT | GB |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters | 144 | 79 | 60 | 5 | .566 |  |
| Chiba Lotte Marines | 144 | 76 | 61 | 7 | .552 | 2 |
| Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks | 144 | 73 | 66 | 5 | .524 | 6 |
| Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles | 144 | 67 | 75 | 2 | .472 | 13.5 |
| Seibu Lions | 144 | 66 | 76 | 2 | .465 | 14.5 |
| Orix Buffaloes | 144 | 62 | 77 | 5 | .448 | 17 |

Source:

## Climax Series

Climax Series was firstly introduced in this season. It was inspired by the playoff system introduced by Pacific League between 2004 and 2006, in which the top three teams of the league will play in a stepladder knockout to decide the team to play in the Japan Series. The system was a success when Pacific League's teams won all the Japan Series since the introduction of such system. This is also the Central League's first participation in playoff system since 1949.

Climax Series does not affect the team's standings, nor individual's record in the Regular Season.

## Leaders

### Batting

**Central League**

| Statistic | Leader | Team | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Batting average | Norichika Aoki | Tokyo Yakult Swallows | .327 |
| Runs | Norichika Aoki | Tokyo Yakult Swallows | 114 |
| Hits | Alex Ramirez | Tokyo Yakult Swallows | 204\* |
| Doubles | Alex Ramirez | Tokyo Yakult Swallows | 41 |
| Triples | Hiroyasu Tanaka | Tokyo Yakult Swallows | 8 |
| Home runs | Shuichi Murata | Yokohama BayStars | 36 |
| Runs batted in | Alex Ramirez | Tokyo Yakult Swallows | 122 |
| Stolen bases | Masahiro Araki | Chunichi Dragons | 31 |
| Walks | Tyrone Woods | Chunichi Dragons | 121 |

*indicates league record

**Pacific League**

| Statistic | Leader | Team | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Batting average | Atsunori Inaba | Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters | .334 |
| Runs | Hichori Morimoto | Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters | 91 |
| Hits | Atsunori Inaba | Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters | 176 |
| Doubles | Atsunori Inaba | Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters | 39 |
| Triples | Daisuke Hayakawa | Chiba Lotte Marines | 8 |
| Home runs | Takeshi Yamasaki | Rakuten Golden Eagles | 43 |
| Runs batted in | Takeshi Yamasaki | Rakuten Golden Eagles | 108 |
| Stolen bases | Yasuyuki Kataoka | Seibu Lions | 38 |
| Walks | Tuffy Rhodes | Orix Buffaloes | 88 |

## Awards

### Best Nine Awards

**Central League**

| Position | Player | Team |
| --- | --- | --- |
| P | Hisanori Takahashi | Yomiuri Giants |
| C | Shinnosuke Abe | Yomiuri Giants |
| 1B | Tyrone Woods | Chunichi Dragons |
| 2B | Hiroyasu Tanaka | Tokyo Yakult Swallows |
| 3B | Michihiro Ogasawara | Yomiuri Giants |
| SS | Hirokazu Ibata | Chunichi Dragons |
| OF | Norichika Aoki | Tokyo Yakult Swallows |
| OF | Alex Ramirez | Tokyo Yakult Swallows |
| OF | Yoshinobu Takahashi | Yomiuri Giants |

**Pacific League**

| Position | Player | Team |
| --- | --- | --- |
| P | Yu Darvish | Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters |
| C | Tomoya Satozaki | Chiba Lotte Marines |
| 1B | Alex Cabrera | Seibu Lions |
| 2B | Kensuke Tanaka | Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters |
| 3B | Greg LaRocca | Orix Buffaloes |
| SS | Tsuyoshi Nishioka | Chiba Lotte Marines |
| OF | Atsunori Inaba | Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters |
| OF | Hichori Morimoto | Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters |
| OF | Naoyuki Ohmura | Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks |
| DH | Takeshi Yamasaki | Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles |

### Gold Gloves

**Central League**

| Position | Player | Team |
| --- | --- | --- |
| P | Kenshin Kawakami | Chunichi Dragons |
| C | Motonobu Tanishige | Chunichi Dragons |
| 1B | Andy Sheets | Hanshin Tigers |
| 2B | Masahiro Araki | Chunichi Dragons |
| 3B | Norihiro Nakamura | Chunichi Dragons |
| SS | Hirokazu Ibata | Chunichi Dragons |
| OF | Tatsuhiko Kinjo | Yokohama BayStars |
| OF | Norichika Aoki | Tokyo Yakult Swallows |
| OF | Yoshinobu Takahashi | Yomiuri Giants |

**Pacific League**

| Position | Player | Team |
| --- | --- | --- |
| P | Yu Darvish | Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters |
| C | Tomoya Satozaki | Chiba Lotte Marines |
| 1B | Kazuya Fukuura | Chiba Lotte Marines |
| 2B | Kensuke Tanaka | Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters |
| 3B | Toshiaki Imae | Chiba Lotte Marines |
| SS | Tsuyoshi Nishioka | Chiba Lotte Marines |
| OF | Atsunori Inaba | Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters |
| OF | Hichori Morimoto | Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters |
| OF | Saburo Ohmura | Chiba Lotte Marines |

## InfoBox

| 2007 NPB season | |
| --- | --- |
| League | Nippon Professional Baseball |
| Sport | Baseball |
| Duration | March 24  November 1 |
| Central League Pennant | |
| League champions | Yomiuri Giants |
| Runners-up | Chunichi Dragons |
| Season MVP | Michihiro Ogasawara (Yomiuri) |
| Pacific League Pennant | |
| League champions | Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters |
| Runners-up | Chiba Lotte Marines |
| Season MVP | Yu Darvish (Nippon Ham) |
| Climax Series | |
| CL champions | Chunichi Dragons |
| CL runners-up | Yomiuri Giants |
| PL champions | Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters |
| PL runners-up | Chiba Lotte Marines |
| Japan Series | |
| Champions | Chunichi Dragons |
| Runners-up | Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters |
| Finals MVP | Norihiro Nakamura (Chunichi) |


title: Equestrian statue of Winfield Scott

abstract: Brevet Lt. General Winfield Scott is an equestrian statue in Washington, D.C., that honors career military officer Winfield Scott. The monument stands in the center of Scott Circle, a traffic circle and small park at the convergence of 16th Street, Massachusetts Avenue and Rhode Island Avenue NW. The statue was sculpted by Henry Kirke Brown, whose best-known works include statues of George Washington in New York and Nathanael Greene in Washington, D.C. It was the first of many sculptures honoring Civil War generals that were installed in Washington, D.C.'s traffic circles and squares and was the second statue in the city to honor Scott. The sculpture is one of the city's 18 Civil War monuments that were collectively listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. The monument and park are owned and maintained by the National Park Service, a federal agency of the Interior Department. The bronze statue rests on a granite base that at the time was the largest stone ever quarried in the United States. Much criticized for its depiction of Scott and the proportions of the horse, it is considered one of the worst equestrian sculptures in the city by authors and historians.

text:
# Equestrian statue of Winfield Scott

***Brevet Lt. General Winfield Scott*** is an equestrian statue in Washington, D.C., that honors career military officer Winfield Scott. The monument stands in the center of Scott Circle, a traffic circle and small park at the convergence of 16th Street, Massachusetts Avenue and Rhode Island Avenue NW. The statue was sculpted by Henry Kirke Brown, whose best-known works include statues of George Washington in New York and Nathanael Greene in Washington, D.C. It was the first of many sculptures honoring Civil War generals that were installed in Washington, D.C.'s traffic circles and squares and was the second statue in the city to honor Scott.

The sculpture is one of the city's 18 Civil War monuments that were collectively listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. The monument and park are owned and maintained by the National Park Service, a federal agency of the Interior Department. The bronze statue rests on a granite base that at the time was the largest stone ever quarried in the United States. Much criticized for its depiction of Scott and the proportions of the horse, it is considered one of the worst equestrian sculptures in the city by authors and historians.

## History

### Background

Winfield Scott (1786–1866), nicknamed "Old Fuss and Feathers" and the "Grand Old Man of the Army", served on active duty as general longer than any other American officer. During his 53-year career, he led forces during several wars, including the War of 1812, Black Hawk War, Mexican–American War, Seminole Wars, and Civil War. He served under every president from Thomas Jefferson to Abraham Lincoln. His twenty-year service as Commanding General of the United States Army was the longest in that post's history. His popularity following the Mexican–American War resulted in Scott being nominated the Whig Party candidate in the 1852 presidential election.

Following Scott's death in 1866, veterans and other citizens began lobbying for a monument to honor the general. On March 3, 1867, Congress authorized $35,000 for the erection of an equestrian statue. The monument was reauthorized by Congress on July 15, 1870, and on June 10, 1872. The artist selected was Henry Kirke Brown (1814–1886), a sculptor from New York whose 1856 equestrian statue of George Washington in Union Square, Manhattan, had been well received by critics. His other works in Washington, D.C. include *Major General Nathanael Greene* in Stanton Park and busts of Vice Presidents George Clinton and John C. Breckinridge, poet William Cullen Bryant, Major General Philip Kearny, and Senators Henry Clay and Richard Stockton.

The model of the statue was completed around 1872. The federal government contributed bronze cannons captured by Scott during the Mexican–American War to use for casting the statue. Before the casting began, descendants of Scott saw the model and protested the design. Brown had designed the horse to be a small mare, which Scott preferred to ride, instead of a stallion. The descendants argued that no other general had been portrayed riding a mare and that a horse with flared nostrils and arched neck would be more suitable. Brown was annoyed by the requests and only made minimal modifications to the design, resulting in Scott, a tall and heavy man measuring 6.5 ft (2.0 m) and weighing 300 lb (140 kg), riding a small mare with the external genitalia of a stallion. The statue was founded by Robert Wood & Company, whose other works in Washington, D.C. include *Major General Nathanael Greene*, *Major General James B. McPherson* and *General John A. Rawlins*.

The architect selected to design the base is disputed. Historian James M. Goode, author of *Outdoor Sculpture of Washington, D.C.*, cites General Orville E. Babcock of the Corps of Engineers as the architect, while a 1985 report by the National Park Service credits George Edward Harney. The stonework was completed by Jonas French of the Cape Ann Granite Company. The base was carved from a single block of granite weighing more than 150 tons. It was the largest single stone ever quarried in the United States at the time.

The original planned site for the statue was present-day McPherson Square. Scott Circle, a tract of land previously known as Jamaica, was renamed in honor of Scott when the monument was installed in 1874 at a total cost of $77,000. Although there was no formal dedication, the park surrounding the site was landscaped with trees and ornamental flowers before the monument was installed. The monument was the first of many memorials to Civil War generals in Washington, D.C.'s traffic circles and squares, although Scott is the only Civil War official to be represented by two statues in the nation's capital. The second statue, by sculptor Launt Thompson, was erected on the grounds of the United States Soldiers' Home in 1873.

### Reception

The statue received much criticism after it was installed. Critics said Scott was being portrayed as "too old, too fat, too stiff, too short-legged." He was described as looking like "an old sack of flour" and irritated because his hand was resting on his hip. The horse was ridiculed even more. One reporter said the horse looked like it was "suffering slightly from ringbone lameness and not daring to travel faster than a walk." The proportions of the horse received the greatest amount of criticism, with observers calling it "too light, too delicate, too thin, too timid, and dreadfully proportioned." Upon seeing the monument, General Philip Sheridan reportedly told his wife to never let him be immortalized in such a manner. Kathryn Allamong Jacob, author of *Testament to Union: Civil War Monuments in Washington, D.C.*, considers it one of the worst equestrian monuments in the city, especially when compared to the nearby *Major General George Henry Thomas* statue, considered one of the city's best. A 2000 article in *The Washington Post* described it as the city's oddest equestrian statue.

### Later history

The introduction of the monument spurred development around Scott Circle and the immediate area. Soon after the monument was installed, notable individuals including Secretary of the Treasury William Windom and *The Washington Post* founder Stilson Hutchins built mansions around the circle. The area continued to be a desirable location for wealthy Washingtonians until most of the mansions were demolished in the 1940s. In 1941, the monument was temporarily removed when a four-lane tunnel was built beneath the circle.

The statue is one of eighteen Civil War monuments in Washington, D.C. that were collectively listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) on September 20, 1978, and the District of Columbia Inventory of Historic Sites on March 3, 1979. The monument and surrounding park are owned and maintained by the National Park Service, a federal agency of the Interior Department.

## Design and location

The Scott monument is located in the center of Scott Circle, a traffic circle and park at the convergence of 16th Street, Massachusetts Avenue and Rhode Island Avenue NW, on the border of the Dupont Circle and Logan Circle neighborhoods. Scott Circle is considered the southeastern terminus of Embassy Row with the Embassy of Australia overlooking the circle and statue. The statue faces south down 16th Street towards the White House. The park is flanked by two small, triangular reservations. The Daniel Webster Memorial, listed on the NRHP, is on the west reservation and the Samuel Hahnemann Monument, also listed on the NRHP, is on the east reservation. The statue and park are not intended for pedestrian use as there are no sidewalks on or around the circle. Pedestrians use the side reservations to maneuver around the circle.

The bronze statue is 15 ft (4.6 m) tall and 10 ft (3.0 m) long while the granite base it rests on is 24 ft (7.3 m) wide and 30 ft (9.1 m) long. The inscription "SCOTT" is on the south side of the base. The statue depicts Scott wearing a field uniform of a lieutenant general, including a hat and long jacket with fringed epaulets and decorative sash. He is riding his horse while holding the reins in his left hand. Scott's right hand is holding a pair of field glasses and resting on his hip. His sword is on his left side. The tiered base is adorned with architectural decoration.

1.  In the book *Outdoor Sculpture of Washington, D.C.*, historian James M. Goode cites General Orville E. Babcock as the architect. A 1985 report by the National Park Service names George Edward Harney as the architect.

## InfoBox

*Brevet Lt. General Winfield Scott*
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| 38°54′26″N 77°02′11″W / 38.907239°N 77.0365089°W / 38.907239; -77.0365089 | |
|  | |
| Equestrian statue of Winfield Scott | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. Historic district
Contributing property | |
|  | |
| Part of | Civil War Monuments in Washington, D.C. |
| NRHP reference No. | 78000257 |
| Added to NRHP | September 20, 1978 |
|  | |
| Location | Scott Circle, Washington, D.C., United States |
| Designer | Henry Kirke Brown (sculptor)
George Edward Harney or Orville E. Babcock (architect)
Robert Wood & Company (founder)
Jonas French (stonework) |
| Material | Bronze (sculpture)
Granite (base) |
| Length | 10 feet (3.0 m) |
| Height | 15 feet (4.6 m) |
| Opening date | 1874 |
| Dedicated to | Winfield Scott |


title: Erwin Redl

abstract: Erwin Redl in Gföhl, Lower Austria is an Austrian-born artist currently living in the United States. As artistic medium, he uses LEDs. His work includes installations, videos, graphics, computerart, and electronic music.

text:
# Erwin Redl

**Erwin Redl** (born 1963) in Gföhl, Lower Austria is an Austrian-born artist currently living in the United States. As artistic medium, he uses LEDs. His work includes installations, videos, graphics, computerart, and electronic music.

## Life and work

Redl studied electronic music and composition at the University of Music and Performing Arts, Vienna. Then he moved to New York City, where he studied Computer Art at the School of Visual Arts; he graduated in 1995. With his artwork *Matrix VI*, he lit the face of the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York during the Whitney Biennial 2002. His works, some of them are named *Matrix*, were shown in New York, Germany, France, Austria, and Korea. The installation called *Fade I* allows visitors to move into lit spaces. This installation was shown in Lille, France, as part of Lille 2004 (fr) \- European Capital of Culture, where it animated the Eglise Sainte-Marie Madeleine (fr). Erwin Redl's *Nocturnal Flow* has been installed in the Paul G. Allen Center. The artwork, an 85-foot brick column at the west end of the atrium, was chosen by the Washington State Arts Commission. It was supported by the Washington State's Art in Public Places Program.

Erwin Redl lives and works in New York.

## Public collections


abstract: The 1957 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season was the ninth F.I.M. Road Racing World Championship Grand Prix season. The season consisted of six Grand Prix races in five classes: 500cc, 350cc, 250cc, 125cc and Sidecars 500cc. It began on 19 May, with German Grand Prix and ended with Nations Grand Prix in Italy on 1 September.

text:
# 1957 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season

The **1957 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season** was the ninth F.I.M. Road Racing World Championship Grand Prix season. The season consisted of six Grand Prix races in five classes: 500cc, 350cc, 250cc, 125cc and Sidecars 500cc. It began on 19 May, with German Grand Prix and ended with Nations Grand Prix in Italy on 1 September.

## Season summary

1957 marked the end of a Golden Era in Grand Prix motorcycle racing. There had been an impressive variety of machinery competing during the 1950s including, works teams from AJS, Norton, Gilera, MV Agusta, Moto Guzzi, and BMW. That's six factories taking part with singles, twins and four-cylinder machines. Include privateer Nortons and Matchless and it made for a colorful competition.

Then the Italian firms dropped a bombshell by announcing they would pull out of racing at the conclusion of the 1957 season, citing escalating costs and dwindling motorcycle sales. MV Agusta initially went along with the pull out before reconsidering. The firm would go on to claim 17 consecutive 500cc crowns.

1957 would also mark a new era in other respects with the banning of the dustbin fairings due to their dangerous instability in crosswinds. Another harbinger of change was the introduction of two-stroke engines in competition. An East German firm named MZ placed respectably in races at the Nürburgring although few people viewed the two-strokes as a threat to the mighty four-strokes.

## 1957 Grand Prix season calendar

| Round | Date | Grand Prix | Circuit | 125cc winner | 250cc winner | 350cc winner | 500cc winner | Sidecars 500cc winner | Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 19 May | German Grand Prix | Hockenheimring | Carlo Ubbiali | Carlo Ubbiali | Libero Liberati | Libero Liberati | Hillebrand / Grunwald | Report |
| 2 | 7 June | Isle of Man TT | Snaefell Mountain | Tarquinio Provini | Cecil Sandford | Bob McIntyre | Bob McIntyre | Hillebrand / Grunwald | Report |
| 3 | 29 June | Dutch TT | TT Circuit Assen | Tarquinio Provini | Tarquinio Provini | Keith Campbell | John Surtees | Hillebrand / Grunwald | Report |
| 4 | 7 July | Belgian Grand Prix | Spa-Francorchamps | Tarquinio Provini | John Hartle | Keith Campbell | Libero Liberati | Schneider / Strauß | Report |
| 5 | 10 August | Ulster Grand Prix | Dundrod Circuit | Luigi Taveri | Cecil Sandford | Keith Campbell | Libero Liberati |  | Report |
| 6 | 1 September | Nations Grand Prix | Monza | Carlo Ubbiali | Tarquinio Provini | Bob McIntyre | Libero Liberati | Milani / Milani | Report |

## Standings

### Scoring system

Points were awarded to the top six finishers in each race. Only the four best races were counted in all five classes: the Sidecars, 125cc, 250cc, 350cc and 500cc championships.

| Position | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th | 6th |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Points | 8 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |

#### 500cc final standings

| Pos Rider Machine GER
 MAN
 HOL
 BEL
 ULS
 NAC
 Pts  1  Libero Liberati Gilera 1  2 **1** 1 *1* **32** (38)  2  Bob McIntyre Gilera *2* ***1*** *Ret*  2  **20**  3  John Surtees MV Agusta Ret 2 1 Ret *Ret* 4 **17**  4  Geoff Duke Gilera     3 2 **10**  5  Jack Brett Norton  Ret 4 2 Ret  **9**  6  Walter Zeller BMW 3 Ret 3 Ret   8  7  Keith Bryen Matchless / Norton / Moto Guzzi  13 6 3 5  7  8  Dickie Dale Moto Guzzi 4 4     6  9  Alfredo Milani Gilera    Ret  3 4  10  Bob Brown Gilera  3     **4**  11  Terry Shepherd MV Agusta 5  Ret  6 6 **4**  12  Derek Minter Norton  16 9 4   **3**  13  Geoffrey Tanner Norton  28   4  **3**  14  Ernst Hiller BMW 6  5    **3**  15  Mike O'Rourke Norton  29 10 5   **2**  16  Keith Campbell Moto Guzzi Ret 5 Ret *Ret* Ret  **2**  =  Umberto Masetti MV Agusta Ret  Ret   5 **2**  18  Hans-Günter Jäger Norton / BMW 13  Ret 6  13 **1**  19  Alan Trow Norton  6     **1**  20  John Hempleman Norton  Ret 7 Ret 11  **0**  21  Carlo Bandirola MV Agusta      7 **0**  =  Alistair King Norton  7     **0**  =  Bob Matthews Norton     7  **0**  =  Ernst Riedelbauch BMW 7      **0**  25  Jimmy Buchan Jr. Norton  9   8  **0**  26  Roger Barker Norton  10 8    **0**  27  Gerold Klinger BMW Ret  Ret Ret  8 **0**  28  Eugen Hagenlocher BMW 8      **0**  =  Peter Murphy Matchless  8     **0**  30  Alois Huber BMW 9     11 **0**  31  John Clark Moto Guzzi  Ret Ret Ret 9  **0**  =  John Hartle Norton   Ret Ret Ret 9 **0**  33  Jackie Wood Norton  Ret   10  **0**  34  Giuseppe Cantoni Gilera      10 **0**  35  Ken Tostevin Norton 10 18 11    **0**  36  Bernard Codd Norton  11     **0**  =  Jacques Insermini Norton 11      **0**  38  Denis Christian Matchless  Ret   12  **0**  39  Austin Carson Norton 12      **0**  =  Frank Fox Norton  12     **0**  =  Francesco Guglieminetti Norton      12 **0**  =  Priem Rozenberg BMW   12    **0**  43  Fred Wallis BSA  Ret   13  **0**  44  Kees Koster Norton   13    **0**  =  Nico Tagli Gilera      13 **0**  46  Ralph Rensen Norton  Ret   14  **0**  47  Peter Davey Norton  14     **0**  =  Anton Elbersen Norton   14    **0**  49  Derek Powell Matchless  Ret   15  **0**  =  George Catlin Norton  15  Ret   **0**  51  Vernon Cottle Norton     16  **0**  52  Dennis Chapman Norton  Ret   17  **0**  53  George Costain Norton  17     **0**  54  Dick Thomson Norton / Matchless Ret Ret   18  **0**  55  John Denton Norton  19     **0**  =  Jimmy Jones Norton     19  **0**  57  Harry Lowe BSA  27   20  **0**  58  John Anderson Norton  20 Ret Ret   **0**  59  Harry Grant BSA  Ret   21  **0**  60  Louis Carr Matchless  21     **0**  61  Martin Brosnan Norton     22  **0**  =  Stan Setaro Norton  22     **0**  63  Tommy Holmes BSA     23  **0**  =  Arthur Wheeler Moto Guzzi  23     **0**  65  Ray Fay Norton  24     **0**  =  Jimmy Hayes AJS     24  **0**  67  Bob Coulter BSA     25  **0**  =  Ken Tully Norton  25     **0**  69  M.S. Hall Norton     26  **0**  =  Ken Willis Norton  26     **0**  71  Bill Roberton Norton  30     **0**  72  Roly Capner Norton  31     **0**  73  Ernie Barrett Norton  32     **0**  74  Robert King Norton  33     **0**  75  Arnold Jones AJS  34     **0**  76  Basil King Norton  35     **0**  77  Llewellyn Ranson Norton  36     **0**  78  Bob Rowbottom Norton  37     **0**  79  Joe Glazebrook AJS  38     **0**  -  Noel McCutcheon Norton  Ret Ret Ret   **0**  -  Martinus van Son Matchless Ret     Ret **0**  -  Andy Aharonian BSA  Ret     **0**  -  Sven Andersson Norton      Ret **0**  -  Piet Bakker Norton   Ret    **0**  -  John Banks Norton  Ret     **0**  -  Bill Beevers Norton  Ret     **0**  -  Raymond Bogaerdt Norton    Ret   **0**  -  Joe Brindley Norton  Ret     **0**  -  Stan Cameron AJS  Ret     **0**  -  Paolo Campanelli Gilera      Ret **0**  -  Fabio Ceredi Moto Guzzi      Ret **0**  -  Dave Chadwick Norton  Ret     **0**  -  Jacques Collot Norton Ret     Ret **0**  -  Giuseppe Colnago Moto Guzzi    Ret   **0**  -  Ronald Cousins Norton  Ret     **0**  -  René Deschamps Norton Ret      **0**  -  Bob Ferguson Matchless  Ret     **0**  -  Enrico Galante Norton      Ret **0**  -  Ulf Gate Norton  Ret     **0**  -  Martino Giani Gilera      Ret **0**  -  Walter Hancock BSA  Ret     **0**  -  Eric Hinton Norton  Ret     **0**  -  Heinz Kauert Matchless Ret      **0**  -  Rudolf Knees BMW Ret      **0**  -  Guy Ligier Norton Ret      **0**  -  Robert Lilley Norton  Ret     **0**  -  Giuseppe Mantelli Gilera      Ret **0**  -  Kurt Maul Norton Ret      **0**  -  Robert McCracken Norton     Ret  **0**  -  Bernard Morle Norton  Ret     **0**  -  Albert Moule Norton  Ret     **0**  -  Andrew Mustard BSA  Ret     **0**  -  Pierre Nicholas Norton    Ret   **0**  -  Jules Nies Norton    Ret   **0**  -  Frank Norris Norton  Ret     **0**  -  George Northwood Norton  Ret     **0**  -  Grenville Pennington BSA  Ret     **0**  -  Harry Plews Norton  Ret     **0**  -  Brian Purslow Norton  Ret     **0**  -  Charlie Salt BSA  Ret     **0**  -  George Salt Norton  Ret     **0**  -  Karl-Heinz Scheifel Matchless Ret      **0**  -  Toni Schmitz Norton Ret      **0**  -  Brian Setchell Norton  Ret     **0**  -  Casper Swart Norton   Ret    **0**  -  Percy Tait Norton  Ret     **0**  -  Don Tickle Norton  Ret     **0**  -  Hermann Vogt Matchless Ret      **0**  -  Danny Walker Norton  Ret     **0**  -  Trevor Williams Norton  Ret     **0**  -  Ian Yeates Norton  Ret     **0**  -  Gianvittorio Ziglioli Moto Guzzi      Ret **0**  Pos Rider Bike GER
 MAN
 HOL
 BEL
 ULS
 NAC
 Pts | Colour Result  Gold Winner  Silver Second place  Bronze Third place  Green Points finish  Blue Non-points finish  Non-classified finish (NC)  Purple Retired (Ret)  Red Did not qualify (DNQ)  Did not pre-qualify (DNPQ)  Black Disqualified (DSQ)  White Did not start (DNS)  Withdrew (WD)  Race cancelled (C)  Blank Did not practice (DNP)  Did not arrive (DNA)  Excluded (EX)   **Bold** – Pole
*Italics* – Fastest Lap |
| --- | --- |

### 1957 350cc Roadracing World Championship final standings

| Place | Rider | Number | Country | Machine | Points | Wins |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Keith Campbell |  | Australia | Moto Guzzi | 30 | 3 |
| 2 | Bob McIntyre |  | United Kingdom | Gilera | 22 | 2 |
| 3 | Libero Liberati | 7 | Italy | Gilera | 22 | 1 |
| 4 | Keith Bryen |  | Australia | Moto Guzzi | 12 | 0 |
| 5 | John Hartle | 8 | United Kingdom | Norton | 11 | 0 |
| 6 | Giuseppe Colnago |  | Italy | Moto Guzzi | 7 | 0 |
| 7 | Bob Brown | 17 | Australia | Gilera | 6 | 0 |
| 8 | Alano Montanari | 3 | Italy | Moto Guzzi | 5 | 0 |
| 9 | Helmut Hallmeier |  | West Germany | NSU | 4 | 0 |
| 10 | Jack Brett | 12 | United Kingdom | Norton | 3 | 0 |
| 10 | Umberto Masetti | 14 | Italy | MV Agusta | 3 | 0 |
| 10 | Alfredo Milani |  | Italy | Gilera | 3 | 0 |
| 10 | John Surtees | 4 | United Kingdom | MV Agusta | 3 | 0 |

### 1957 250cc Roadracing World Championship final standings

| Place | Rider | Number | Country | Machine | Points | Wins |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Cecil Sandford | 5 | United Kingdom | Mondial | 26 | 2 |
| 2 | Tarquinio Provini |  | Italy | Mondial | 16 | 2 |
| 3 | Sammy Miller | 7 | United Kingdom | Mondial | 14 | 0 |
| 4 | Roberto Colombo |  | Italy | MV Agusta | 10 | 0 |
| 5 | John Hartle | 8 | United Kingdom | MV Agusta | 8 | 1 |
| 5 | Carlo Ubbiali | 1 | Italy | MV Agusta | 8 | 1 |
| 7 | Luigi Taveri | 2 | Switzerland | MV Agusta | 8 | 0 |
| 8 | Dave Chadwick |  | United Kingdom | MV Agusta | 7 | 0 |
| 9 | Enrico Lorenzetti |  | Italy | Moto Guzzi | 7 | 0 |
| 10 | Remo Venturi | 6 | Italy | MV Agusta | 6 | 0 |
|

### 125cc

#### Riders' standings

| Pos. Rider Bike GER
 MAN
 NED
 BEL
 ULS
 NAT
 Pts  1  Tarquinio Provini Mondial 2**F** 1**F** 1**F** 1**F** 2**F**  30 (36)  2  Luigi Taveri MV Agusta 5 3 3 2 1 3 22 (28)  3  Carlo Ubbiali MV Agusta 1 2    1**F** 22  4  Sammy Miller Mondial  4 6  5 2 12  5  Roberto Colombo MV Agusta 3 6 2    11  6  Cecil Sandford Mondial  5 4 3   9  7  Remo Venturi MV Agusta     3 5 6  8  Fortunato Libanori MV Agusta   5   4 5  9  Horst Fügner MZ 4      3  9  František Bartoš ČZ    4   3  9  Dave Chadwick MV Agusta     4  3  12  Bill Webster MV Agusta    5 6  3  13  Ernst Degner MZ 6      1  13  Bill Maddrick MV Agusta    6   1  13  Guido Sala Mondial      6 1  Pos. Rider Bike GER
 MAN
 NED
 BEL
 ULS
 NAT
 Pts | Race key  Colour Result  Gold Winner  Silver 2nd place  Bronze 3rd place  Green Points finish  Blue Non-points finish  Non-classified finish (NC)  Purple Retired (Ret)  Red Did not qualify (DNQ)  Did not pre-qualify (DNPQ)  Black Disqualified (DSQ)  White Did not start (DNS)  Withdrew (WD)  Race cancelled (C)  Blank Did not practice (DNP)  Did not arrive (DNA)  Excluded (EX)  Annotation Meaning  P Pole position  F Fastest lap  Rider key  Colour Meaning  Light blue Rookie rider |
| --- | --- |

#### Constructors' standings

Each constructor is awarded the same number of points as their best placed rider in each race.

As Mondial and MV Agusta had equal number of points, identical ranks obtained in all races, and equal number of races in which they classified, their finishing time in each of the six races was added up. Mondial's total time (5:20:51.8) is quicker than MV Agusta's total time (5:22:38.1), and was declared the constructors' champion.

| Pos. | Constructor | GER
 | MAN
 | NED
 | BEL
 | ULS
 | NAT
 | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Mondial | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 30 (42) |
| 2 | MV Agusta | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 30 (42) |
| 3 | MZ | 4 |  |  |  |  |  | 3 |
| 4 | ČZ |  |  |  | 4 |  |  | 3 |
| Pos. | Constructor | GER
 | MAN
 | NED
 | BEL
 | ULS
 | NAT
 | Pts |


title: Fanele Ntuli

abstract: Fanele Ntuli, is a South African actress, television presenter and YouTuber. She is best known for the roles in the television serials Uzalo and Durban Gen.

text:
# Fanele Ntuli

**Fanele Ntuli** (born 7 March 1991), is a South African actress, television presenter and YouTuber. She is best known for the roles in the television serials *Uzalo* and *Durban Gen*.

## Personal life

She entered Durban Girls High School in 2003 and matriculated in 2008. Then in 2013, she obtained Higher Certificate on Dramatic studies from Oaksfields College.

## Career

During her life at Oaksfields College, she performed in the theatre productions such as; *In Love With Shakespeare* with the role "Lady Mac Beth", in *The Story of Jane Doe* as "Nurse Coco" and in *Imagine* as "Michelle, the magician". In 2015, she made television debut with the minor role of "School girl" in the soap opera *Isibaya*. Then in 2016, she joined with the serial *Uzalo* to play the role "Mandisa". After that success, she joined with the regular cast of e.tv. medical drama telenovela *Durban Gen*, where she is playing the role "Dr Thandekile Zondo". She is now playing the role "Nomaswazi Magwaza" on the serial Uzalo after she played "Mandisa" in 2016.

| Year | Film | Role | Genre | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2022 | *Uzalo* | Nomsawazi Magwaza | Sophie |  |
| 2015 | Isibaya | School Girl | telenovela |  |
| 2019 | Ifalakhe | Zanezulu | TV series |  |
| 2019-2023 | *Durban Gen* | Dr Zandile Mkhize | Telenovela |  |

## InfoBox

| Fanele Ntuli | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Fanele Ntuli<br>(1991-03-07) 7 March 1991 |
| Nationality | South African |
| Education | Durban Girls High School |
| Alma mater | Oaksfields College |
| Occupation(s) | Actress, Television presenter, YouTuber |
| Years active | 2013–present |
| Known for | Uzalo as Nomaswazi Magwaza |


title: 1983 Chicago Cubs season

abstract: The 1983 Chicago Cubs season was the 112th season of the Chicago Cubs franchise, the 108th in the National League and the 68th at Wrigley Field. The Cubs finished fifth in the National League East with a record of 71–91.

text:
# 1983 Chicago Cubs season

The **1983 Chicago Cubs season** was the 112th season of the Chicago Cubs franchise, the 108th in the National League and the 68th at Wrigley Field. The Cubs finished fifth in the National League East with a record of 71–91.

## Offseason

## Regular season

### Season standings

NL East
| Team |  |  | Pct. | GB | Home | Road |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Philadelphia Phillies | 90 | 72 | .556 |  | 5031 | 4041 |
| Pittsburgh Pirates | 84 | 78 | .519 | 6 | 4140 | 4338 |
| Montreal Expos | 82 | 80 | .506 | 8 | 4635 | 3645 |
| St. Louis Cardinals | 79 | 83 | .488 | 11 | 4437 | 3546 |
| Chicago Cubs | 71 | 91 | .438 | 19 | 4338 | 2853 |
| New York Mets | 68 | 94 | .420 | 22 | 4141 | 2753 |

### Record vs. opponents

|
Sources: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | ATL | CHC | CIN | HOU | LAD | MON | NYM | PHI | PIT | SD | SF | STL |
| Atlanta |  | 5–7 | 12–6 | 11–7 | 7–11 | 7–5 | 8–4 | 7–5 | 6–6 | 9–9 | 9–9 | 7–5 |
| Chicago | 7–5 |  | 4–8 | 5–7 | 6–6 | 7–11 | 9–9 | 5–13 | 9–9 | 5–7 | 4–8 | 10–8 |
| Cincinnati | 6–12 | 8–4 |  | 5–13 | 7–11 | 4–8 | 7–5 | 6–6 | 6–6 | 9–9 | 10–8 | 6–6 |
| Houston | 7–11 | 7–5 | 13–5 |  | 6–12 | 8–4 | 9–3 | 4–8 | 6–6 | 11–7 | 12–6 | 2–10 |
| Los Angeles | 11–7 | 6–6 | 11–7 | 12–6 |  | 7–5 | 7–5 | 11–1 | 6–6 | 6–12–1 | 5–13 | 9–3 |
| Montreal | 5–7 | 11–7 | 8–4 | 4–8 | 5–7 |  | 8–10 | 8–10–1 | 8–10 | 8–4 | 8–4 | 9–9 |
| New York | 4–8 | 9–9 | 5–7 | 3–9 | 5–7 | 10–8 |  | 6–12 | 9–9 | 6–6 | 5–7 | 6–12 |
| Philadelphia | 5-7 | 13–5 | 6–6 | 8–4 | 1–11 | 10–8–1 | 12–6 |  | 11–7 | 5–7 | 5–7 | 14–4 |
| Pittsburgh | 6–6 | 9–9 | 6–6 | 6–6 | 6–6 | 10–8 | 9–9 | 7–11 |  | 9–3 | 6–6 | 10–8 |
| San Diego | 9–9 | 7–5 | 9–9 | 7–11 | 12–6–1 | 4–8 | 6–6 | 7–5 | 3–9 |  | 11–7 | 6–6 |
| San Francisco | 9–9 | 8–4 | 8–10 | 6–12 | 13–5 | 4–8 | 7–5 | 7–5 | 6–6 | 7–11 |  | 4–8 |
| St. Louis | 5–7 | 8–10 | 6–6 | 10–2 | 3–9 | 9–9 | 12–6 | 4–14 | 8–10 | 6–6 | 8–4 |  |

### Notable transactions

#### Draft picks

### Roster

| 1983 Chicago Cubs | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Roster** | | | | | | | | | |
| **Pitchers** |  | **Catchers** **Infielders** |  | **Outfielders** **Other batters** |  | **Manager** **Coaches** |

## Player stats

### Batting

#### Starters by position

*Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in*

| Pos | Player | G | AB | H | Avg. | HR | RBI |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| C | Jody Davis | 151 | 510 | 138 | .271 | 24 | 84 |
| 1B | Bill Buckner | 153 | 626 | 175 | .280 | 16 | 66 |
| 2B | Ryne Sandberg | 158 | 633 | 165 | .261 | 8 | 48 |
| SS | Larry Bowa | 147 | 499 | 133 | .267 | 2 | 43 |
| 3B | Ron Cey | 159 | 581 | 160 | .275 | 24 | 90 |
| LF | Leon Durham | 100 | 337 | 87 | .258 | 12 | 55 |
| CF | Mel Hall | 112 | 410 | 116 | .283 | 17 | 56 |
| RF | Keith Moreland | 154 | 533 | 161 | .302 | 16 | 70 |

#### Other batters

*Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in*

| Player | G | AB | H | Avg. | HR | RBI |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Gary Woods | 93 | 190 | 46 | .242 | 4 | 22 |
| Jay Johnstone | 86 | 140 | 36 | .257 | 6 | 22 |
| Carmelo Martínez | 29 | 89 | 23 | .258 | 6 | 16 |
| Tom Veryzer | 59 | 88 | 18 | .205 | 1 | 3 |
| Scot Thompson | 53 | 88 | 17 | .193 | 0 | 10 |
| Jerry Morales | 63 | 87 | 17 | .195 | 0 | 11 |
| Steve Lake | 38 | 85 | 22 | .259 | 1 | 7 |
| Thad Bosley | 43 | 72 | 21 | .292 | 2 | 12 |
| Joe Carter | 23 | 51 | 9 | .176 | 0 | 1 |
| Wayne Nordhagen | 21 | 35 | 5 | .143 | 0 | 4 |
| Dan Rohn | 23 | 31 | 12 | .387 | 0 | 6 |
| Dave Owen | 16 | 22 | 2 | .091 | 0 | 2 |
| Junior Kennedy | 17 | 22 | 3 | .136 | 0 | 3 |
| Tom Grant | 16 | 20 | 3 | .150 | 0 | 2 |
| Fritzie Connally | 8 | 10 | 1 | .100 | 0 | 0 |
| Mike Diaz | 6 | 7 | 2 | .286 | 0 | 1 |
| Jay Loviglio | 1 | 1 | 0 | .000 | 0 | 0 |

### Pitching

#### Starting pitchers

*Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts*

| Player | G | IP | W | L | ERA | SO |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Chuck Rainey | 34 | 191.0 | 14 | 13 | 4.48 | 84 |
| Steve Trout | 34 | 180.0 | 10 | 14 | 4.65 | 80 |
| Ferguson Jenkins | 33 | 167.1 | 6 | 9 | 4.30 | 96 |
| Dick Ruthven | 25 | 149.1 | 12 | 9 | 4.10 | 73 |
| Dickie Noles | 24 | 116.1 | 5 | 10 | 4.72 | 59 |
| Rick Reuschel | 4 | 20.2 | 1 | 1 | 3.92 | 9 |

#### Other pitchers

*Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts*

| Player | G | IP | W | L | ERA | SO |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Paul Moskau | 8 | 32.0 | 3 | 2 | 6.75 | 16 |
| Reggie Patterson | 5 | 18.2 | 1 | 2 | 4.82 | 10 |
| Don Schulze | 4 | 14.0 | 0 | 1 | 7.07 | 8 |

#### Relief pitchers

*Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts*

| Player | G | W | L | SV | ERA | SO |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Lee Smith | 66 | 4 | 10 | 29 | 1.65 | 91 |
| Bill Campbell | 82 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 4.49 | 97 |
| Mike Proly | 60 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 3.58 | 31 |
| Warren Brusstar | 59 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2.35 | 46 |
| Craig Lefferts | 56 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 3.13 | 60 |
| Rich Bordi | 11 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 4.97 | 20 |
| Willie Hernández | 11 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3.20 | 18 |
| Bill Johnson | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4.38 | 4 |
| Alan Hargesheimer | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9.00 | 5 |

## Awards and honors

### Records

* Bill Buckner, National League record (since broken), Most Assists in One Season (161)

## Farm system

| Level | Team | League | Manager |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| AAA | Iowa Cubs | American Association | Jim Napier |
| AA | Midland Cubs | Texas League | Tom Harmon |
|  | Salinas Spurs | California League | George Enright |
|  | Quad Cities Cubs | Midwest League | Larry Cox |
| A-Short Season | Geneva Cubs | New York–Penn League | Tony Franklin |
| Rookie | Pikeville Cubs | Appalachian League | Jim Fairey |

## InfoBox

| 1983 Chicago Cubs | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| League | National League |
| Division | East |
| Ballpark | Wrigley Field |
| City | Chicago |
| Owners | Tribune Company |
| General managers | Dallas Green |
| Managers | Lee Elia (before August 22), Charlie Fox (after August 22) |
| Television | WGN-TV
(Harry Caray, Steve Stone, Milo Hamilton) |
| Radio | WGN
(Milo Hamilton, Vince Lloyd, Lou Boudreau, Harry Caray) |
| Stats | ESPN.com
Baseball Reference |
|  | |


# 1817 United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia

Virginia elected its members in April 1817.

| District | Incumbent | | | This race | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Virginia 1 | John G. Jackson | Democratic-Republican | 1803
1810 (Resigned)
1813 | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
**Federalist gain**. | **James Pindall** (Federalist) 100% |
| Virginia 2 | Magnus Tate | Federalist | 1815 | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Federalist hold. | **Edward Colston** (Federalist) 61.2%
Daniel Morgan (Democratic-Republican) 30.9%
Robert Bailey (Democratic-Republican) 7.9% |
| Virginia 3 | Henry S. Tucker | Democratic-Republican | 1815 | Incumbent re-elected. | **Henry S. Tucker** (Democratic-Republican) 67.8%
William Carson (Democratic-Republican) 32.2% |
| Virginia 4 | William McCoy | Democratic-Republican | 1811 | Incumbent re-elected. | **William McCoy** (Democratic-Republican) |
| Virginia 5 | James Breckinridge | Federalist | 1809 | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
**Democratic-Republican gain**. | **John Floyd** (Democratic-Republican) 57.6
Elijah MacClannahan (Federalist) 42.4% |
| Virginia 6 | Daniel Sheffey | Federalist | 1809 | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
**Democratic-Republican gain** | **Alexander Smyth** (Democratic-Republican) 67.0%
Benjamin Estill (Federalist) 33.0% |
| Virginia 7 | Ballard Smith | Democratic-Republican | 1815 | Incumbent re-elected. | **Ballard Smith** (Democratic-Republican) 94.7%
John Gray (Federalist) 5.3% |
| Virginia 8 | Joseph Lewis Jr. | Federalist | 1803 | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Federalist hold. | **Charles F. Mercer** (Federalist) 52.6%
Armistead Mason (Democratic-Republican) 47.4% |
| Virginia 9 | John P. Hungerford | Democratic-Republican | 1813 | Incumbent lost-re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold. | **William Lee Ball** (Democratic-Republican) 44.6%
John P. Hungerford (Democratic-Republican) 40.9%
Henry Lee Jr. (Federalist) 14.5% |
| Virginia 10 | Aylett Hawes | Democratic-Republican | 1811 | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold. | **George Strother** (Democratic-Republican) 51.3%
John Shackleford (Federalist) 48.7% |
| Virginia 11 | Philip P. Barbour | Democratic-Republican | 1814 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. | **Philip P. Barbour** (Democratic-Republican) |
| Virginia 12 | William H. Roane | Democratic-Republican | 1815 | Incumbent lost-re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold. | **Robert S. Garnett** (Democratic-Republican)
Edwin Upshaw (Democratic-Republican)
William H. Roane (Democratic-Republican) |
| Virginia 13 | Burwell Bassett | Democratic-Republican | 1815 | Incumbent re-elected. | **Burwell Bassett** (Democratic-Republican) 73.3%
John Eyre (Federalist) 24.8%
M. S. Pitts (Federalist) 1.9% |
| Virginia 14 | William A. Burwell | Democratic-Republican | 1813 | Incumbent re-elected. | **William A. Burwell** (Democratic-Republican) |
| Virginia 15 | John Kerr | Democratic-Republican | 1815 (Special) | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold. | **William J. Lewis** (Democratic-Republican) 100% |
| Virginia 16 | John Randolph | Democratic-Republican | 1799
1813 (Lost)
1815 | Incumbent lost-re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic-Republican hold. | **Archibald Austin** (Democratic-Republican) 61.5%
John Randolph (Democratic-Republican) 38.5% |
| Virginia 17 | James Pleasants | Democratic-Republican | 1811 | Incumbent re-elected. | **James Pleasants** (Democratic-Republican) 100% |
| Virginia 18 | Thomas M. Nelson | Democratic-Republican | 1816 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. | **Thomas M. Nelson** (Democratic-Republican) 100% |
| Virginia 19 | Peterson Goodwyn | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | **Peterson Goodwyn** (Democratic-Republican) 96.9%
John Pegram (Democratic-Republican) 3.1% |
| Virginia 20 | James Johnson | Democratic-Republican | 1813 | Incumbent re-elected. | **James Johnson** (Democratic-Republican) 100% |
| Virginia 21 | Thomas Newton Jr. | Democratic-Republican | 1797 | Incumbent re-elected. | **Thomas Newton Jr.** (Democratic-Republican) 93.5%
Littleton W. Tazewell (Democratic-Republican) 6.5% |
| Virginia 22 | Hugh Nelson | Democratic-Republican | 1811 | Incumbent re-elected. | **Hugh Nelson** (Democratic-Republican) 72.7%
Thomas W. Maury (Democratic-Republican) 27.3% |
| Virginia 23 | John Tyler | Democratic-Republican | 1816 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. | **John Tyler** (Democratic-Republican) 53.7%
Andrew Stevenson (Democratic-Republican) 46.3% |


title: 2006 Nationwide Tour

abstract: The 2006 Nationwide Tour was the 17th season of the Nationwide Tour, the official development tour to the PGA Tour.

text:
# 2006 Nationwide Tour

The **2006 Nationwide Tour** was the 17th season of the Nationwide Tour, the official development tour to the PGA Tour.

## OWGR points increase

In July 2005, the Official World Golf Ranking announced that the minimum points awarded to Nationwide Tour events, beginning in 2006, would be increased from 6 to 14.

## Schedule

The following table lists official events during the 2006 season.

| Date | Tournament | Location | Purse
(US$) | Winner | OWGR
points | Other
tours | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Jan 29 | Movistar Panama Championship | Panama | 550,000 | Tripp Isenhour (3) | 14 |  |  |
| Feb 19 | Jacob's Creek Open Championship | Australia | A$1,000,000 | Paul Sheehan (1) | 16 | ANZ |  |
| Feb 26 | ING New Zealand PGA Championship | New Zealand | 600,000 | Jim Rutledge (1) | 16 | ANZ |  |
| Mar 26 | Chitimacha Louisiana Open | Louisiana | 500,000 | Johnson Wagner (1) | 14 |  |  |
| Apr 2 | Livermore Valley Wine Country Championship | California | 600,000 | Tripp Isenhour (4) | 14 |  | New tournament |
| Apr 23 | Athens Regional Foundation Classic | Georgia | 500,000 | Paul Gow (3) | 14 |  | New tournament |
| Apr 30 | BMW Charity Pro-Am | South Carolina | 625,000 | Ken Duke (1) | 14 |  | Pro-Am |
| May 7 | Virginia Beach Open | Virginia | 450,000 | Andrew Buckle (1) | 14 |  |  |
| May 14 | Rheem Classic | Arkansas | 500,000 | Darron Stiles (4) | 14 |  |  |
| May 21 | Henrico County Open | Virginia | 450,000 | Matt Kuchar (2) | 14 |  |  |
| June 4 | Rex Hospital Open | North Carolina | 450,000 | Brenden Pappas (1) | 14 |  |  |
| June 11 | LaSalle Bank Open | Illinois | 750,000 | Jason Dufner (2) | 14 |  |  |
| June 18 | Knoxville Open | Tennessee | 475,000 | Hunter Haas (2) | 14 |  |  |
| June 25 | Chattanooga Classic | Tennessee | 475,000 | Kyle Reifers (1) | 14 |  |  |
| Jul 2 | Peek'n Peak Classic | New York | 560,000 | John Merrick (1) | 14 |  |  |
| Jul 16 | Scholarship America Showdown | Minnesota | 550,000 | Brandt Snedeker (1) | 14 |  |  |
| Jul 23 | Price Cutter Charity Championship | Missouri | 550,000 | Doug LaBelle II (1) | 14 |  |  |
| Jul 30 | Preferred Health Systems Wichita Open | Kansas | 500,000 | Kevin Johnson (4) | 14 |  |  |
| Aug 6 | Cox Classic | Nebraska | 650,000 | Johnson Wagner (2) | 14 |  |  |
| Aug 13 | Xerox Classic | New York | 575,000 | Kevin Stadler (3) | 14 |  |  |
| Aug 20 | Northeast Pennsylvania Classic | Pennsylvania | 475,000 | Craig Bowden (3) | 14 |  |  |
| Aug 27 | National Mining Association Pete Dye Classic | West Virginia | 600,000 | Jason Enloe (1) | 14 |  |  |
| Sep 3 | Legend Financial Group Classic | Ohio | 500,000 | Gavin Coles (3) | 14 |  |  |
| Sep 10 | Utah EnergySolutions Championship | Utah | 475,000 | Craig Kanada (1) | 14 |  |  |
| Sep 17 | Albertsons Boise Open | Idaho | 650,000 | Kevin Stadler (4) | 14 |  |  |
| Sep 24 | Oregon Classic | Oregon | 450,000 | Cliff Kresge (3) | 14 |  |  |
| Oct 8 | Mark Christopher Charity Classic | California | 600,000 | Kevin Na (1) | 14 |  |  |
| Oct 15 | Permian Basin Charity Golf Classic | Texas | 475,000 | Brandt Snedeker (2) | 14 |  |  |
| Oct 22 | PalmettoPride Classic | South Carolina | 500,000 | Michael Sim (1) | 14 |  | New tournament |
| Oct 29 | Miccosukee Championship | Florida | 500,000 | Bryce Molder (1) | 14 |  |  |
| Nov 12 | Nationwide Tour Championship | Texas | 750,000 | Craig Kanada (2) | 20 |  |  |

## Money list

The money list was based on prize money won during the season, calculated in U.S. dollars. The top 22 players on the money list earned status to play on the 2007 PGA Tour.

| Position | Player | Prize money ($) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Ken Duke | 382,443 |
| 2 | Johnson Wagner | 372,069 |
| 3 | Cliff Kresge | 339,763 |
| 4 | Craig Bowden | 334,671 |
| 5 | Tripp Isenhour | 321,996 |

## Awards

| Award | Winner | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Player of the Year | Ken Duke |  |

1. "Official World Golf Ranking Governing Board approves minimum points adjustments". Official World Golf Ranking. July 20, 2005. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
2. "2006 Tournament schedule". PGA Tour. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved September 1, 2023.
3. "2007 Nationwide Tour Media Guide" (PDF). PGA Tour. Retrieved May 12, 2024.
4. "2006 Nationwide Tour money list". PGA Tour. Archived from the original on December 4, 2007. Retrieved September 1, 2023.
5. "Duke Earns Nationwide POY Honors". *The Golf Wire*. January 2, 2007. Retrieved September 1, 2023. Duke won the BMW Charity Pro-Am at the Cliffs for his first career win, while finishing on top of the Nationwide Tour money list with total earnings of $382,443 for the 2006 season.
6. "2006 Nationwide Tour Graduates". PGA Tour. Archived from the original on May 25, 2011. Retrieved September 1, 2023.
7. "Duke named 2006 Nationwide Tour Player of the Year". PGA Tour. December 19, 2006. Archived from the original on January 16, 2023. Retrieved September 1, 2023.

## InfoBox

2006 Nationwide Tour season
| Duration | January 26, 2006 (2006-01-26) – November 12, 2006 (2006-11-12) |
| --- | --- |
| Number of official events | 31 |
| Most wins | Tripp Isenhour (2)
Craig Kanada (2)
Brandt Snedeker (2)
Kevin Stadler (2)
Johnson Wagner (2) |
| Money list | Ken Duke |
| Player of the Year | Ken Duke |
| 2005 2007 | |


title: Eric Ehn

abstract: Eric Ehn is a former American professional ice hockey player. Ehn played college hockey at Air Force, where he was named a was named a Second Team All-American in 2007. After graduating from Air Force, Ehn played for the Bakersfield Condors of the ECHL.

text:
# Eric Ehn

**Eric Ehn** (born January 29, 1984) is a former American professional ice hockey player. Ehn played college hockey at Air Force, where he was named a was named a Second Team All-American in 2007. After graduating from Air Force, Ehn played for the Bakersfield Condors of the ECHL.

## Awards and honors

| Award | Year |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| All-CHA Rookie Team | 2004–05 |  |
| All-CHA Second Team | 2005–06 |  |
| All-Atlantic Hockey First Team | 2006–07 |  |
| AHCA East First-Team All-American | 2006–07 |  |
| All-Atlantic Hockey Third Team | 2007–08 |  |
|

## InfoBox

| Eric Ehn | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Born | (1984-01-29) January 29, 1984<br>Dexter, Michigan, U.S. | | |
| Height | 5 ft 10 in (178 cm) | | |
| Weight | 170 lb (77 kg; 12 st 2 lb) | | |
| Position | Forward | | |
| Shot | Right | | |
| Played for | Bakersfield Condors | | |
| NHL draft | Undrafted | | |
| Playing career | 20082009 | | |


abstract: An equestrian statue of William Henry Harrison stands in Cincinnati's Piatt Park, in the United States. The monumental statue was designed by sculptor Louis Rebisso and was unveiled on Decoration Day, 1896.

text:
# Equestrian statue of William Henry Harrison

An **equestrian statue of William Henry Harrison** stands in Cincinnati's Piatt Park, in the United States. The monumental statue was designed by sculptor Louis Rebisso and was unveiled on Decoration Day, 1896.

## History

### Biography

William Henry Harrison was an American military officer and politician. Born into a planter class family in Virginia in 1773, Harrison joined the Regular Army in 1791 and participated in the Northwest Indian War. In 1798, he entered into politics, serving in various positions in the Northwest Territory and later the Indiana Territory. Following military service in the War of 1812, Harrison again returned to politics, serving in various political offices in the newly created state of Ohio. He was elected President of the United States in the 1840 election, but died shortly after his inauguration, becoming the first American president to die in office. Harrison was the first of eight American presidents from Ohio.

### Background

Efforts towards erecting a monumental statue in Cincinnati in honor of Harrison began in 1886 when a commission organized a competition wherein they solicited sculptors to submit their proposals by September 10, 1887. In Winter 1886, the Ohio General Assembly appropriated $25,000 towards this project, with the statue projected to be unveiled in 1888, on the centennial anniversary of the settlement of Marietta, Ohio. By October 1887, sculptor Louis Rebisso's proposal was selected by the commission. Rebisso, a Cincinnati native, was selected over multiple other sculptors, including Moses Jacob Ezekiel of Rome. The design by Rebisso would depict Harrison as an elderly man riding on his favorite horse, making it an equestrian statue. Despite the planned dedication year of 1888, an article published in August 1891 noted that at that time, Rebisso had only completed the model of the statue, which he expected to send to a foundry for casting within the next several months. On May 21, 1892, the statue was cast at the foundry of M. H. Mossman in Chicopee, Massachusetts.

### Dedication

In late 1892, the statue was dedicated in Chicago as part of Ohio's exhibition at the World's Columbian Exposition. Ohio Governor William McKinley and President Benjamin Harrison (grandson of William Henry Harrison), among others, gave speeches at the dedication. Following the Columbian Exposition, the statue was later unveiled in Piatt Park in Cincinnati on May 30, 1896 (Decoration Day). According to an article published in *McClure's Magazine* in January 1896, the statue had been completed years earlier, but had been kept in storage for several years "because there was not public interest enough in the matter to meet the cost of setting it up." For instance, despite the statue itself having been completed in 1892, it wasn't until 1896 that a contract for the pedestal was arranged, with Legner & Quaing of Cincinnati providing the plinth for the statue. The monument is notable for being the only equestrian statue in the city.

### Relocation and recent controversy

While the statue was originally located near the park's Vine Street entrance, the statue was moved in 1988 to the Elm Street entrance to the park. This was part of a redevelopment of the park that also saw the slight relocation of the statue of James A. Garfield in the park.

In 2020, during nationwide George Floyd protests, protestors called for the removal of the statue, citing Harrison's history as a slaveholder. On June 14, 2020, Cincinnati City Council member Chris Seelbach announced that he would introduce a motion to remove the statue from the park, claiming that the monument is "pro-slavery". Two weeks after the removal was proposed, a representative from the Harrison/Symmes Memorial Foundation (which administers the William Henry Harrison Tomb State Memorial and an associated museum in North Bend, Ohio) said they would be willing to pay for the relocation of the statue to their museum in North Bend. *The Cincinnati Enquirer* stated that the move would have to be approved by both the city council and the Cincinnati Park Board. As of January 2021, the statue is still in Piatt Park.

## Design

The monument consists of a bronze equestrian statue of Harrison atop a Barre granite pedestal. The bottom of the base measures 22 feet (6.7 m) by 15.5 feet (4.7 m). The phrases "Ohio's First President" and "William Henry Harrison" are engraved on opposite sides of the pedestal. The base of the statue itself covers an area of approximately 4 feet (1.2 m) by 6 feet (1.8 m). The pedestal measures 13 feet (4.0 m) tall, while the statue is 14 feet (4.3 m) tall. Harrison is depicted in his military dress, wearing a chapeau and with a sword in hand. In a biography on Harrison, author Gail Collins assumed that the horse was modeled after Whitey, a personal horse owned by Harrison that he had ridden at his inauguration. Notably, the horse is not wearing a saddle, making it unclear what is holding the stirrups in place.

In a 1912 publication on the history of Cincinnati, author Charles Frederic Goss referred to the statue as "very excellent". However, Florence Cole Quinby's 1913 book *The Equestrian Monuments of the World* says that "the quaint chapeau with a feather gives the work almost a comical appearance."

While originally facing east, the statue has faced west since its relocation in 1988.

## InfoBox

Equestrian statue of William Henry Harrison
| The statue in 2006. | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| 39°06′14.65″N 84°31′00.58″W / 39.1040694°N 84.5168278°W / 39.1040694; -84.5168278 | |
| Location | Piatt Park, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States |
| Designer | Louis Rebisso |
| Builder | M. H. Mossman
Legner & Quaing (pedestal) |
| Material | Bronze
Barre granite (pedestal) |
| Height | 27 feet (8.2 m) |
| Dedicated date | May 30, 1896 |
| Dedicated to | William Henry Harrison |


title: Erwin Righter

abstract: Cornelius Erwin "Swede" Righter was an American college football and college basketball player and coach, and a rugby union player who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics. Righter attended Stanford University, where he played football and basketball. He was Stanford's first All-Pacific Coast Conference basketball player in 1920. At the 1920 Olympics, Righter played on the American rugby union team that defeated France for the gold medal. After his playing days, Righter coached basketball and football at the University of the Pacific from 1921 to 1933. In 12 season as head football coach, he led the Pacific Tigers football program to a record of 54–34–4. Righter coached the football team at Burlingame High School in Burlingame, California from 1934 to 1946. He was succeeded by Ted Forbes in 1947. Righter died on August 30, 1985, in Dayton, Ohio.

text:
# Erwin Righter

**Cornelius Erwin "Swede" Righter** (March 7, 1897 – August 30, 1985) was an American college football and college basketball player and coach, and a rugby union player who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics.

Righter attended Stanford University, where he played football and basketball. He was Stanford's first All-Pacific Coast Conference basketball player in 1920. At the 1920 Olympics, Righter played on the American rugby union team that defeated France for the gold medal.

After his playing days, Righter coached basketball and football at the University of the Pacific from 1921 to 1933. In 12 season as head football coach, he led the Pacific Tigers football program to a record of 54–34–4. Righter coached the football team at Burlingame High School in Burlingame, California from 1934 to 1946. He was succeeded by Ted Forbes in 1947.

Righter died on August 30, 1985, in Dayton, Ohio.

## Head coaching record

### College football

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing | Bowl/playoffs |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Pacific Tigers** *(Independent)* (1921) | | | | | | | | |
| 1921 | Pacific | 3–1 |  |  |  |
| **Pacific Tigers** *(California Coast Conference)* (1922–1923) | | | | | | | | |
| 1922 | Pacific | 6–1 | 3–0 | 1st (North) |  |
| 1923 | Pacific | 7–0 | 4–0 | 1st (North) |  |
| **Pacific Tigers** *(Independent)* (1924) | | | | | | | | |
| 1924 | Pacific | 6–3 |  |  |  |
| **Pacific Tigers** *(Far Western Conference)* (1925–1932) | | | | | | | | |
| 1925 | Pacific | 5–2 | 1–2 | 4th |  |
| 1926 | Pacific | 5–3–1 | 1–2–1 | T–3rd |  |
| 1927 | Pacific | 2–6 | 1–4 | 6th |  |
| 1928 | Pacific | 5–2 | 2–1 | 4th |  |
| 1929 | Pacific | 3–4–1 | 1–3–1 | T–4th |  |
| 1930 | Pacific | 3–6 | 2–2 | 3rd |  |
| 1931 | Pacific | 5–2–2 | 2–1–2 | T–1st |  |
| 1932 | Pacific | 4–4 | 2–2 | 4th |  |
| **Pacific:** | | 54–34–4 | 19–17–4 |  | | | | |
| **Total:** | | 54–34–4 |  | | | | | | |
| National championship         Conference title         Conference division title or championship game berth | | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

Erwin Righter
| Biographical details | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1897-03-07)March 7, 1897
California, U.S. |
| Died | August 30, 1985(1985-08-30) (aged 88)
Dayton, Ohio, U.S. |
| Playing career | |
| Football | |
| 1917 | Stanford |
| 1919–1920 | Stanford |
| Basketball | |
| 1916–1917 | Stanford |
| 1918–1921 | Stanford |
|  | |
| Coaching career (HC unless noted) | |
| Football | |
| 1921–1932 | Pacific (CA) |
| 1934–1946 | Burlingame HS (CA) |
| Basketball | |
| 1921–1933 | Pacific (CA) |
|  | |
| Head coaching record | |
| Overall | 54–34–4 (college football)
88–75 (college basketball) |
| Accomplishments and honors | |
| Championships | |
| Football
1 CCC (1923)
2 CCC North Division (1922–1923) | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Medal record      Men's rugby union  Representing the  United States  Olympic Games  1920 Antwerp  Team competition | |


abstract: The 1963 UCI Track Cycling World Championships were the World Championship for track cycling. They took place in Rocourt, Belgium from 1 to 7 August 1963. Nine events were contested, 7 for men and 2 for women.

text:
# 1963 UCI Track Cycling World Championships

The **1963 UCI Track Cycling World Championships** were the World Championship for track cycling. They took place in Rocourt, Belgium from 1 to 7 August 1963. Nine events were contested, 7 for men (3 for professionals, 4 for amateurs) and 2 for women.

## Medal summary

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Men's Professional Events** | | | | | | |
| Men's sprint
 | Sante Gaiardoni
Italy | Antonio Maspes
Italy | Jos De Bakker
Belgium |
| Men's individual pursuit
 | Leandro Faggin
Italy | Peter Post
Netherlands | Henk Nijdam
Netherlands |
| Men's motor-paced
 | Leo Proost
Belgium | Paul Depaepe
Belgium | Robert Varnajo
France |
| **Men's Amateur Events** | | | | | | |
| Men's sprint
 | Patrick Sercu
Belgium | Sergio Bianchetto
Italy | Pierre Trentin
France |
| Men's individual pursuit
 | Jan Walschaerts
Belgium | Stanislav Moskvin
Soviet Union | Hugh Porter
Great Britain |
| Men's team pursuit
 | Soviet Union
Arnold Belgardt
Sergey Tereshchenkov
Stanislav Moskvin
Leonid Kolumbet | West Germany
Lothar Claesges
Clemens Grossimlinghaus
Karl-Heinz Henrichs
Ernst Streng | Denmark
Bent Hansen
Preben Isaksson
Leif Larsen Kurt
Kurt Vid Stein |
| Men's motor-paced
 | Romain De Loof
Belgium | Karl-Heinz Matthes
East Germany | Uli Cuginbuhl
Switzerland |
| **Women's Events** | | | | | | |
| Women's sprint
 | Galina Ermolaeva
Soviet Union | Irina Kiritchenko
Soviet Union | Valentina Savina
Soviet Union |
| Women's individual pursuit
 | Beryl Burton
Great Britain | Yvonne Reynders
Belgium | Lyubov Rjabchenko
Soviet Union |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Belgium (BEL) | 4 | 2 | 1 | 7 |
| 2 | Soviet Union (URS) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 6 |
| 3 | Italy (ITA) | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 |
| 4 | Great Britain (GBR) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 5 | Netherlands (NED) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 6 | East Germany (RDA) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| | West Germany (FRG) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 8 | France (FRA) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 9 | Denmark (DEN) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| | Switzerland (SUI) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (10 entries) | | 9 | 9 | 9 | 27 |

## InfoBox

1963 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Rocourt, Belgium |
| Date(s) | (1963-08-01 \- 1963-08-07)1–7 August 1963 |
| Velodrome | Stade Vélodrome de Rocourt |
| Events | 9 |
|


title: Ballusia

abstract:
Ballusia is a genus of small bear from the Early Miocene epoch, about 20.5-18 million years ago. Fossil remains attributed to the genus have been uncovered in Europe (Poland) and Asia. The genus Ballusia was established in 1998 on the basis of different fossils originally classified as various species of the genera Ursavus and Hemicyon, with B. elmensis as the type species.
The exact relationship of Ballusia to "true" bears are not yet fully understood: many palaeontologists have classified it as a primitive member of Ursinae, but its known skeletal elements have some features in common with the extinct bear subfamily Hemicyoninae. Because of this, some researchers refer Ballusia as "Ursidae incertae sedis". Ginsburg and Morales regarded B. elmenensis as ancestral to Ursavus, as did Marciszak and Lipecki, even though the temporal range of the two genera seems to have overlapped.

text:
# Ballusia

***Ballusia*** is a genus of small bear from the Early Miocene epoch, about 20.5-18 million years ago. Fossil remains attributed to the genus have been uncovered in Europe (Poland) and Asia (Russia, Mongolia, China). The genus *Ballusia* was established in 1998 on the basis of different fossils originally classified as various species of the genera *Ursavus* and *Hemicyon*, with *B. elmensis* as the type species. The exact relationship of *Ballusia* to "true" bears (subfamily Ursinae, which include modern bears) are not yet fully understood: many palaeontologists have classified it as a primitive member of Ursinae, but its known skeletal elements have some features in common with the extinct bear subfamily Hemicyoninae. Because of this, some researchers refer *Ballusia* as "Ursidae *incertae sedis*". Ginsburg and Morales regarded *B. elmenensis* as ancestral to *Ursavus*, as did Marciszak and Lipecki, even though the temporal range of the two genera seems to have overlapped.

## Description

*Ballusia* were smaller than most living bear species: fossil remains of the species *B. orientalis* indicate an animal about the size of a domestic cat with body proportions similar to a wolverine, while *B. elmenensis* were the size of a Eurasian lynx. It possessed slender legs and also had relatively longer tail than modern bears.

## InfoBox

| *Ballusia*
Temporal range: | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Life restoration of *B. orientalis* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Carnivora |
| Family: | Ursidae |
| Genus: | *Ballusia*
Ginsburg & Morales, 1998 |
|
| Type species | |
| ***Ballusia elmensis***
 | |
| Species | |
| * *B. elmensis* (Stehlin, 1917) * *B. orientalis* (Qui *et.al.*, 1985) * *B. hareni* (Ginsburg, 1989) * *B. zhegalloi* Sotnikova, 2021 | |


title: Anzhelika Shevchuk

abstract: Anzhelika Shevchuk is a retired Ukrainian sprinter who specialized in the 100 metres. In 1992 she became the first Ukrainian champion in the 100 metres. In the 4 x 100 metres relay she finished fourth at the 1998 European Championships, and competed at the 1999 World Championships without reaching the final. Her personal best times are 7.17 seconds in the 60 metres (indoor), achieved in January 1999 in Zaporizhzhya; and 11.34 seconds in the 100 metres, achieved in July 2000 in Kyiv.

text:
# Anzhelika Shevchuk

**Anzhelika Shevchuk** (born 23 February 1969) is a retired Ukrainian sprinter who specialized in the 100 metres.

In 1992 she became the first Ukrainian champion in the 100 metres. In the 4 x 100 metres relay she finished fourth at the 1998 European Championships, and competed at the 1999 World Championships without reaching the final.

Her personal best times are 7.17 seconds in the 60 metres (indoor), achieved in January 1999 in Zaporizhzhya; and 11.34 seconds in the 100 metres, achieved in July 2000 in Kyiv.