title: Doctor Glas

abstract: Doctor Glas is a 1905 epistolary novel by Hjalmar Söderberg which tells the story of a physician in 19th-century Sweden who deals with moral and love issues.

text:
# Doctor Glas

***Doctor Glas*** is a 1905 epistolary novel by Hjalmar Söderberg which tells the story of a physician in 19th-century Sweden who deals with moral and love issues.

## Synopsis

The novel is about Dr. Tyko Gabriel Glas who is a respected physician in Stockholm. The story is told in the form of a diary and follows Doctor Glas as he struggles with depression. The antagonist is Reverend Gregorius, a morally corrupt clergyman. Gregorius' beautiful young wife confides in Dr. Glas that her sex life is making her miserable and asks for his help. Glas falls in love with her and agrees to help even though she already has another lover. He attempts to intervene, but the Reverend refuses to give up his "marital rights" – she must have sex with him whether she likes it or not. So, in order to make his love happy, he begins to plot her husband's murder. The novel also deals with issues such as abortion, women's rights, suicide, euthanasia, and eugenics. Not surprisingly, the book triggered a violent campaign against its author who was subsequently vilified in Swedish literary circles.

## English translations

* In 1963, the first English edition of this novel was published. It featured an introduction by author William Sansom.
* In 2002, the latest edition was published by Anchor Books with an introduction by Canadian author Margaret Atwood.
* A new translation by Rochelle Wright was published by Counterpoint in 2015.

## Prequel

* In 2004, Swedish author Bengt Ohlsson wrote a book named Gregorius using Söderberg's character Gregorius and expanded upon his background, explaining why he has become so morally corrupt when readers meet him in *Doctor Glas*.

## Film adaptations

## InfoBox

Doctor Glas
| First US edition
Cover art by Milton Glaser | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Hjalmar Söderberg |
| Original title | *Doktor Glas* |
| Translator | Paul Britten Austin |
| Language | Swedish |
| Genre | Romance, Thriller |
| Publisher | Little, Brown (US)
Chatto & Windus (UK) |
| Publication date | 1905 |
| Publication place | Sweden |
| Published in English | 1963 |
| Pages | 150 pp |
| ISBN | 0-385-72267-2 (recent edition) |
| OCLC | 49925067 |
| Dewey Decimal | 839.73/72 21 |
| LC Class | PT9875.S6 D613 2002 |


title: Al-Ghiran Brigade

abstract: The Al-Ghiran Brigade(s), originating from Misrata, was a brigade formed with the purpose of safeguarding the Al-Ghiran region against pro-Gaddafi factions during the battle of Misrata. This brigade is known for being the one to capture Muammar Gaddafi, and eventually killing him after 8 months of fighting. During the Battle of Misrata (2011), forces loyal to Gaddafi entered the outskirts of Misrata, forcing civilians as well as children out of their homes and using them as human shields. Snipers were even posted up on rooftops of schools, hospitals, and residential buildings killing anyone, including civilians that came within range. This led to the formation of the Al-Ghiran Brigade(s). The Al-Ghiran Brigade is a unification of various brigades that were all fighting alongside one another in order to defend the Al-Ghiran region, located on the outskirts of Misrata. Some of these brigades include the Al-Hamza Brigade, Misurata al-Hora Brigade, Al-A'asar Brigade, and the Al-Nimr brigade.

text:
# Al-Ghiran Brigade

The **Al-Ghiran Brigade(s)**, originating from Misrata, was a brigade formed with the purpose of safeguarding the Al-Ghiran region against pro-Gaddafi factions during the battle of Misrata. This brigade is known for being the one to capture Muammar Gaddafi, and eventually killing him after 8 months of fighting.

During the Battle of Misrata (2011), forces loyal to Gaddafi entered the outskirts of Misrata, forcing civilians as well as children out of their homes and using them as human shields. Snipers were even posted up on rooftops of schools, hospitals, and residential buildings killing anyone, including civilians that came within range. This led to the formation of the Al-Ghiran Brigade(s).

The Al-Ghiran Brigade is a unification of various brigades that were all fighting alongside one another in order to defend the Al-Ghiran region, located on the outskirts of Misrata. Some of these brigades include the Al-Hamza Brigade, Misurata al-Hora Brigade, Al-A'asar Brigade, and the Al-Nimr brigade.


title: Aladár Bitskey

abstract: Aladár Bitskey was a Hungarian swimmer who won silver medals at the European championships of 1927 and 1931 in the 100 m backstroke. He competed in the same event at the 1928 Summer Olympics, but did not reach the final. His elder brother, Zoltán Bitskey, was also a Hungarian Olympic swimmer.

text:
# Aladár Bitskey

**Aladár Bitskey** (18 October 1905 – 18 March 1991) was a Hungarian swimmer who won silver medals at the European championships of 1927 and 1931 in the 100 m backstroke. He competed in the same event at the 1928 Summer Olympics, but did not reach the final.

His elder brother, Zoltán Bitskey, was also a Hungarian Olympic swimmer.

## InfoBox

Aladár Bitskey
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 18 October 1905
Eger, Hungary |
| Died | 18 March 1991 (aged 85)
Eger, Hungary |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Swimming |
|  | |
| Club | Magyar Véderő Egylet Egri Sportegyesület |
|  | |
| Medal record      Representing  Hungary  European Championships  1927 Bologna  100 m backstroke  1931 Paris  100 m backstroke | |


title: Don't Ask, Don't Tell (album)

abstract: Don't Ask, Don't Tell is the second album by Boston indie rock band Come.

text:
# Don't Ask, Don't Tell (album)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |
| *The Encyclopedia of Popular Music* |  |
| *Entertainment Weekly* | B |
| *Mondosonoro* | 9/10 |
| *MusicHound Rock* |  |
| *Ox-Fanzine* |  |

***Don't Ask, Don't Tell*** is the second album by Boston indie rock band Come.

## Background

Recorded by Carl Plaster, with whom Come had worked in their previous album, and Mike McMackin, who had previously worked with Brokaw's former band Codeine, at Easley Studios in Memphis, Tennessee, Baby Monster in New York City, and The Outpost in Stoughton, Massachusetts, between February and March 1994, *Don't Ask, Don't Tell* is Come's second album. It was mixed Plaster and Bryce Goggin between May and June 1994 at RPM Studios, in New York, and released in October 1994.

The title of the album is, to some extent, a reference to the official United States policy on gay, lesbian, and bisexual people serving in the military, "Don't ask, don't tell", which would remain in place from December 21, 1993, to September 20, 2011. As Brokaw has stated, the title is "definitely a political reference, and we were definitely pointing up the absurdity of the policy. But we also wanted it to be open ended...", going on to add that "it \[also\] referred to secrecy, \[to\] how some people around us were living."

The band recorded music videos for "In/Out", directed by Julie Hardin and Amanda P. Cole, and "String" and "German Song", both directed by Sadie Benning. "String" was also released as a single in 1994, as was the song "Wrong Side" the following year.

## Critical reception

*Spin* magazine's review of *Don't Ask, Don't Tell* stated that "\[t\]hese punky peaks, R&B valleys, and mysterioso detours into 'Hernando's Hideaway' chordings merely map the route of some of the most symbiotic, emotionally affecting guitar *pas de deux* in recent memory." *The Rough Guide to Rock* stated that "the music was muddier, its pace slower, its pall heavier" than in *Don't Ask, Don't Tell* 's predecessor, 1992's *11:11*. In its review of the album, *Musician* magazine described Come as "a revelation", going on to state that the guitars of Chris Brokaw and Thalia Zedek "intertwine portentous conversations like birds on barbed wire." The magazine characterization of the band's sound was as follows: "Using a bedrock of blues and punk (instead of warmed-over heavy metal), the quartet connects on a grandly visceral scale, creating a roughly frayed sound whose threads may be lost on the mainstream of the current 'alternative' audience." *Melody Maker'*s review of the album characterized it as "one of the chilliest records you’ll ever hear" and praised the band's music, describing it as "two guitars twining and lacerating, drums and bass that make up a double bed of nails," whilst Neil Strauss, writing for *The New York Times* described it as "devastating, with slow, burning songs that shudder and wince beneath Ms. Zedek's pained growl."

## Personnel

with

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Finish Line" | Come | 6:34 |
| 2. | "Mercury Falls" | Come | 4:16 |
| 3. | "Yr Reign" | Come | 4:19 |
| 4. | "Poison" | Come | 2:26 |
| 5. | "Let's Get Lost" | Come | 7:07 |
| 6. | "String" | Come | 3:49 |
| 7. | "German Song" | Come | 5:54 |
| 8. | "In/Out" | Come | 4:45 |
| 9. | "Wrong Side" | Come | 4:45 |
| 10. | "Arrive" | Come | 7:36 |

2021 Expanded Edition Reissue – Wrong Sides
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Car" | Come | 6:04 |
| 2. | "Last Mistake" | Come | 5:42 |
| 3. | "Submerge" | Come | 4:21 |
| 4. | "Loin of the Surf" | Swell Maps | 2:05 |
| 5. | "SVK" | Come | 2:49 |
| 6. | "German Song (Demo)" | Come | 5:51 |
| 7. | "Adult Books" |  | 3:45 |
| 8. | "Who Jumped in my Grave" | Come | 4:48 |
| 9. | "Angelhead" | Come | 4:00 |
| 10. | "Cimarron" | Come | 3:58 |

1.
2. Larkin, Colin (June 3, 2000). "The Encyclopedia of Popular Music: Brown, Marion – Dilated Peoples". MUZE  via Google Books.
3.
4. Disturbios, Don (November 26, 2021). "Come, crítica de su disco Don´t Ask Don´t Tell (Expanded Edition)".
5. Graff, Gary (June 3, 1996). "MusicHound Rock: The Essential Album Guide". Visible Ink Press  via Google Books.
6. Deutschland, Ox Fanzine, Solingen. "Review". *www.ox-fanzine.de*.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
7. "Kulkarni, Neil, "A New Nineties – Come On My Shirt, Come In My Ear", *The Quietus*". January 17, 2013. Retrieved 2013-03-31.
8. SPIN*, December 1994*. December 1994.
9. (Firm), Rough Guides (2003). *Buckley, Peter (Ed.),* The Rough Guide to Rock*, p. 221*. ISBN 9781858284576.
10. Musician *magazine, Issues 195–199, 1995, p. 52*. 1995.
11. ""Love Comes in Spurts", *Melody Maker*". 1994. Retrieved 2013-03-27.
12. The New York Times *December 13, 1994, p. 18*.

## InfoBox

| Don't Ask, Don't Tell | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Come | |
| Released | October 1994 |
| Recorded | February–March 1994 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 51:37 |
| Label | Matador Records
Beggars Banquet
Cortex Records |
| Producer | Come
Bryce Goggin
Mike McMackin
Carl Plaster |
| Come chronology | |
| *11:11*
(1992) ***Don't Ask, Don't Tell***
(1994) *Near-Life Experience*
(1996) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Don't Ask, Don't Tell* | |
| 1. "Wrong Side"
Released: 31 March 1994 2. "In/Out"
Released: 1994 3. "String"
Released: 1995 | |
|  | |


title: Alan Mannix

abstract: Alan Mannix is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Footscray in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

text:
# Alan Mannix

**Alan Mannix** (born 9 May 1947) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Footscray in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

## Career

### Footscray

Mannix, a wingman and half forward, was 17 years old when he debuted for Footscray in the 1965 VFL season, after coming to the club from Crib Point. Although he never played a VFL final, he was a member of the Footscray team that won the night premiership in 1967. He celebrated his 100th league game in 1971, against Fitzroy, but was injured in the third quarter and required an operation for a lacerated kidney.

### VFA

Following his eighth and final VFL season in 1972, Mannix left to play in the Victorian Football Association (VFA). Mannix went to Coburg with a clearance, paying the $500 transfer fee out of his own pocket.

Mannix played 110 games for Coburg, making him one of a small group of players to play more than 100 games for a VFL club and a VFA club. He won a 2nd Division premiership in 1974, finished third in voting for the 1975 J. J. Liston Trophy, won the club's best and fairest award twice, in 1973 and 1976, then was rewarded with the captaincy in 1977.

He also won a best and fairest for Werribee, in 1979. The following year he captain-coached Werribee for the season.

Coburg named Mannix on a wing in the club's Team of the Century.

## InfoBox

| Alan Mannix | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Nickname(s) | Doc | | |
| Date of birth | (1947-05-09) 9 May 1947 | | |
| Original team(s) | Crib Point | | |
| Height | 182 cm (6 ft 0 in) | | |
| Weight | 73 kg (161 lb) | | |
| Playing career1 | | | |
| Years | **Club** | **Games (Goals)** |
| 1965–1972 | Footscray | 112 (44) |
| 1 Playing statistics correct to the end of 1972. | | | |
| Career highlights | | | |
|  | | | |
| Sources: AFL Tables, AustralianFootball.com | | | |


title: Dolour

abstract: Dolour is a band led by Shane Tutmarc.

text:
# Dolour

**Dolour** is a band led by Shane Tutmarc.

## History

Dolour was formed in Seattle, Washington, releasing their debut 7" in mid-1998 on Theory Records, and two self-released EPs before releasing their first album *Waiting For A World War* in April 2001 on Sonic Boom Records. By the release of Waiting for a World War, Dolour had become a solo project for Tutmarc. Tutmarc recorded Suburbiac, released on Fugitive Records in 2002, with producer Aaron Sprinkle. The self-produced *New Old Friends (2004)* was released on Made In Mexico Records in November 2004. In 2005, *A Matter of Time: 2000-2005,* an anthology, was released by Japanese label Quince Records. During 2004-2006 Dolour produced two separate albums, *Hell or Highwater* and *Storm & Stress*, which were combined and released on Japanese label Quince Records as *The Years in the Wilderness* in 2007. On December 6, 2007, Tutmarc announced the end of Dolour as he focused his efforts on the band Shane Tutmarc & the Traveling Mercies.

After Tutmarc pursued a solo career, Dolour became active again in 2020, releasing the album *The Royal We*, and in April 2021, the album *Televangelist*. In 2021, Dolour also released *Origin Story*, comprising re-recorded songs from previous releases.

## Discography

### Studio albums

* *Waiting for a World War* (2001) Produced by Blake Wescott and Dolour. Sonic Boom Recordings
* *Suburbiac* (2002) Produced by Aaron Sprinkle and Shane Tutmarc. Fugitive Recordings
* *New Old Friends* (2004) Produced by Shane Tutmarc. Made in Mexico Records
* *The Years in the Wilderness* (2007) Produced by Shane Tutmarc. Quince Records (Japan)
* *The Royal We* (2020) Produced by Shane Tutmarc. Inverness Recordings
* *Televangelist* (2021) Produced by Shane Tutmarc. Inverness Recordings
* *Origin Story* (2021) Produced by Shane Tutmarc. Inverness Recordings
* *Daylight Upon Magic* (2024) Produced by Shane Tutmarc. Inverness Recordings

### EPs

* *CPR* (2003) - Promo CDEP for the forthcoming New Old Friends. Featuring "(Why Don't You\] Come Around" later released on "A Matter of Time" collection.

**Collection**

* *A Matter of Time: 2000-2005* (2005) - Featuring songs from the first three albums, plus the previously unreleased title-track, and rarities. Quince Records (Japan)

### Singles

* *The Shivering/That Dreadful Anthem* 7" (1998) Produced by Aaron Sprinkle. Theory Records
* *Iceland/The Ballad* 7" (2001) - Early versions of Iceland, and So Done With You which were re-recorded for Suburbiac. West of January Records.

### Compilations

**Interviews**

## InfoBox

| Dolour | |
| --- | --- |
| Shane Tutmarc of Dolour | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Seattle, Washington, U.S. |
| Genres | Indie pop, Power Pop, Indie Rock, Baroque Pop, Chamber Pop |
| Years active | 19972007, 2020 |
| Labels | Capitol Music Group
Quince Records
Made In Mexico Records
Fugitive Recordings
Sonic Boom Recordings |
|  | |
| Members | Shane Tutmarc |


title: Albert Erives

abstract: Albert Erives is a developmental geneticist who studies transcriptional enhancers underlying animal development and diseases of development (cancers). Erives also proposed the pacRNA model for the dual origin of the genetic code and universal homochirality. He is known for work at the intersection of genetics, evolution, developmental biology, and gene regulation. He has worked at the California Institute of Technology, University of California, Berkeley, and Dartmouth College, and is an associate professor at the University of Iowa. Erives has shown how genes of the nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses inform on intermediate steps in the evolution of the linear, chromatinized eukaryotic chromosome and its mechanisms of gene regulation.

text:
# Albert Erives

**Albert Erives** (born March 4, 1972) is a developmental geneticist who studies transcriptional enhancers underlying animal development and diseases of development (cancers). Erives also proposed the pacRNA model for the dual origin of the genetic code and universal homochirality. He is known for work at the intersection of genetics, evolution, developmental biology, and gene regulation. He has worked at the California Institute of Technology, University of California, Berkeley, and Dartmouth College, and is an associate professor at the University of Iowa.

Erives has shown how genes of the nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses inform on intermediate steps in the evolution of the linear, chromatinized eukaryotic chromosome and its mechanisms of gene regulation.

## Regulatory grammars of enhancers

Erives' major work is on “regulatory grammars” for transcriptional enhancers underlying animal development and cancer diseases. Exploiting assemblies for animal genomes, Erives discovered complex gene regulatory codes underlie non-homologous subsets of mechanistically equivalent enhancers. These codes are composed of a combinatorial “lexicon” of transcription factor (TF) binding sites, functional inflections of those binding sites (so-called “specialized sites” constrained for binding affinity and competition by multiple TFs), and complex site ordering (orientation and positional spacing of those sites). The relationship of these complex regulatory codes within a nucleosomal "regulatory reading frame" is a key goal. His lab's work also elucidated how a mutational mechanism (microsatellite repeat slippage) plays a significant evolutionary role in functionally adjusting complex binding site arrangements that recruit poly-glutamine rich factors. Correspondingly, Erives lab has pioneered the identification of novel poly-glutamine complex recruiting enhancers that integrate developmental signals, while also identifying polyQ allelic series for key developmental factors targeting those enhancers.

A significant implication of this work is that gene regulatory networks largely evolve by indels in both *cis* and *trans* (in enhancer DNAs and polyQ-encoding genes, respectively). As indels are largely produced by unstable microsatellite repeats, which are fast-evolving and difficult to genotype accurately, a large compartment of functional genetic variation is not treated by genome-wide association studies, which focus on single nucleotide polymorphisms and at most a subset of non-repeat associated indels.

## Molecular determinants of morphogenic responses

Erives and colleagues determined how different morphogen gradient responses are encoded in DNA sequence. They did so by using diverse *Drosophila* species that have different sized eggs to study how a set of structured enhancers would have co-evolved or co-adapted to changes in the concentration gradients. Morphogen gradient systems are a core fundamental subject of developmental biology. Models of how morphogen gradient responses were encoded had previously been proposed but not tested across a set of unrelated enhancers constructed from a shared regulatory grammar and located throughout a genome.

Three major unexpected findings resulted from this work. The first finding is that gradient responses in general do not evolve by changes in transcription factor (TF) binding site quality or quantity (site density) as expected, but rather by changes in the precise spacing between binding sites for morphogenic TFs and their partner TFs. The second finding is that homotypic site clustering at such enhancers was largely the result of a complex evolutionary history of selection for different threshold responses in the evolving insect egg. A third-related finding is that frequent selection for different responses also enriches for microsatellite repeat tracts, which are inherently unstable and most responsible for the production of novel indel alleles.

Erives' work also showed the existence of inherent spatial-temporal conflict in morphogenic responses and how this is handled in nature via complementary morphogenic gradients.

## Molecular determinants of the genetic code

Using insights gleaned from archaeal genomes, Erives elaborated and described a stereochemical model of "proto-anti-codon RNAs" (pacRNAs). The pacRNA model ascribes a predetermined combined origin for the universal genetic code (*i.e.*, the codon table), the biogenic amino acids, and their exclusive homochirality in life. The model implies that early RNA world was an aminoacylated RNA world and that proteinogenic amino acids arose because of compatible interactions with nucleotide-based polymers. The pacRNA model explicitly lists possible interactions between various anti-codon di-nucleotide and tri-nucleotide sequences and different amino acids. When the nucleotides are D-ribose based, L-amino acids are preferred.

In the pacRNA world, codons originate as *cis*-elements for recruiting self-aminoacylated pacRNAs/proto-tRNAs. Thus, a curious aspect of this model is that the (anti-) codon table is determined in evolutionary history prior to the origin of ribosome-based protein translation. The pacRNA model may explain why extant tRNAs are heavily modified in all three domains of life.

Erives first presented the pacRNA model at NASAs 2012 Astrobiology Science Conference and most recently at the 2013 Iowa City Darwin Day festival, which focused on the origins of life on Earth.

Like Erives' enhancer studies, which focus on how protein complexes interact with enhancer DNAs, his pacRNA work focuses on how biogenic amino acids would have beneficially interacted with the nucleotide-based molecules of early life. Both areas of study demonstrate how complex patterns in linear molecules emerge from interactions in 3-dimensions.

## Developmental genetics in chordates

With his doctoral advisor Michael Levine, Erives authored several papers on ascidian developmental genetics, with key insights into the evolution of the proto-vertebrate body plan. This work used the *Ciona* system to generate copious amounts of embryos that were then electroporated with enhancer DNAs.

In collaboration with Nori Satoh's lab at the University of Kyoto in Japan, where Erives spent a winter doing research, they also identified the largest collection of notochord specific genes by using genetically altered *Ciona* over-expressing the Brachyury transcription factor. The notochord is a defining evolutionary innovation of the chordate body plan and this work was designed to advance understanding of the morphogenetic signals emanating from this important developmental and structural tissue.

## CodeGrok, Inc.

In 2001, Erives co-founded the Caltech-associated company CodeGrok (code "grok") with Paul Mineiro, currently a Principal Research Software Developer for Microsoft. It was started in Pasadena, California but later moved to Berkeley, California after its second round of financing. In its first three years, CodeGrok developed and used machine learning methods to identify, classify, and clone transcriptional enhancers from the human genome and construct pathway-specific cell-based reporters for drug screening and other applications. The company took its name from the Robert Heinlein novel Stranger in a Strange Land and its concept of *grok*, which is to understand something deeply and intuitively, in reference to the goal of "grokking" the regulatory code of the human genome. While the company is no longer in existence, it is often cited as a humorous example of what not to do in naming a start-up company as many people were unable to pronounce the name.

## InfoBox

| Albert Erives | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Adalberto Jorge Erives
(1972-03-04)March 4, 1972
San Fernando, California, U.S. |
| Alma mater | California Institute of Technology, University of California, Berkeley |
| Known for | Gene regulation, molecular evolution, genomics |
| Awards | NSF CAREER award |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Biology |
| Institutions | University of Iowa, Dartmouth College |
| Doctoral advisor | Michael Levine |
|  | |


title: Albert Emil Davies

abstract: Albert Emil Davies was a British politician and writer. Born in London, Davies became active in the Fabian Society. There, he was the most vocal advocate of nationalisation, his early works including The Nationalisation of Railways and State Purchase of Railways. In 1911, he was elected to the executive of the Fabian Society, and his 1914 book The State in Business brought him to wider public attention. In 1913, he became City Editor of the New Statesman, holding the post until 1931. Davies was appointed to London County Council as a Labour Party alderman in 1919, and devoted much of his life to the body. He was its deputy chairman in 1926/7, vice-chairman in 1937/8, and finally chaired the council in 1940/1. He also stood for Parliament, unsuccessfully contesting Romford at the 1922, 1923 and 1924 United Kingdom general elections, and Manchester Moss Side at the 1931 general election. He served on a large number of committees, and chaired the Labour Party's Advisory Committee on Finance and Commerce from 1924 until 1931. He remained active with the Fabians, and served as the society's honorary treasurer from 1936 until 1947. During World War II, Davies undertook a lengthy speaking tour of North America, on behalf of the Ministry of Information. After the war, he spent some time as an honorary lecturer in business economics at the University of Leeds. Davies married Alice Berry in 1898. Later in life, he had a long-term relationship with Dorothy Evans. In total, he had five children, who included the Labour MP Ernest Davies.

text:
# Albert Emil Davies

**Albert Emil Davies** (16 November 1875 – 18 July 1950) was a British politician and writer.

Born in London, Davies became active in the Fabian Society. There, he was the most vocal advocate of nationalisation, his early works including *The Nationalisation of Railways* and *State Purchase of Railways*. In 1911, he was elected to the executive of the Fabian Society, and his 1914 book *The State in Business* brought him to wider public attention. In 1913, he became City Editor of the *New Statesman*, holding the post until 1931.

Davies was appointed to London County Council as a Labour Party alderman in 1919, and devoted much of his life to the body. He was its deputy chairman in 1926/7, vice-chairman in 1937/8, and finally chaired the council in 1940/1. He also stood for Parliament, unsuccessfully contesting Romford at the 1922, 1923 and 1924 United Kingdom general elections, and Manchester Moss Side at the 1931 general election. He served on a large number of committees, and chaired the Labour Party's Advisory Committee on Finance and Commerce from 1924 until 1931. He remained active with the Fabians, and served as the society's honorary treasurer from 1936 until 1947.

During World War II, Davies undertook a lengthy speaking tour of North America, on behalf of the Ministry of Information. After the war, he spent some time as an honorary lecturer in business economics at the University of Leeds.

Davies married Alice Berry in 1898. Later in life, he had a long-term relationship with Dorothy Evans. In total, he had five children, who included the Labour MP Ernest Davies.


title: Don Phillips (casting director)

abstract: Don Phillips was an American casting director and film producer. His name was mentioned at the 94th Academy Awards in the In Memoriam section. Phillips was married to make-up artist Dorothy J. Pearl who died in 2018.

text:
# Don Phillips (casting director)

**Don Phillips** (December 21, 1940 – November 25, 2021) was an American casting director and film producer. His name was mentioned at the 94th Academy Awards in the *In Memoriam* section.

Phillips was married to make-up artist Dorothy J. Pearl who died in 2018.

## InfoBox

| Don Phillips | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1940-12-21)December 21, 1940 |
| Died | November 25, 2021(2021-11-25) (aged 80) |
| Occupation(s) | Casting director, film producer |
| Spouse | Dorothy J. Pearl (died 2018) |


title: Don Peuramaki

abstract:
Don Peuramaki is a Canadian producer, writer, advocate for the rights of individuals with disabilities, and naturalist.
He has been described as a leader in efforts to recognize the role individuals with disabilities can play in the Canadian workplace.

text:
# Don Peuramaki

**Don Peuramaki** is a Canadian producer, writer, advocate for the rights of individuals with disabilities, and naturalist. He has been described as a leader in efforts to recognize the role individuals with disabilities can play in the Canadian workplace.

## Media and advocacy career

According to the *Toronto Star* Peuramaki was an associate producer for CILT-FM in 1988. They described him as senior producer of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's The Disability Network in 1991, when they reported his opinion on GO Transit's announcement that its trains would be fully accessible by 1993. In 2004, following an announcement by the Canadian Radio and Television Commission that mandated greater opportunities for inclusion for individuals with disabilities, the *Toronto Star* credited Peuramaki with a greater share of the credit than it did to the CRTC. They reported he *"is credited with leading the battle for change."*

According to *The Globe and Mail* Peuramaki was one of the speakers invited to address a conference on diversity in the workplace convened by the Richard Ivey School of Business at Western Ontario. Peuramaki told attendees that the modern working environment has more tools to effectively employ the skills of individuals with disabilities.

Peuramaki was a co-author of an article published in the *Ivey Business Journal* advising employers how to work to comply with the Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act, which requires workplaces to be fully accessible by 2025. The journal describes him as the President of Fireweed Media, which they describe as a media production company owned and operated by individuals with disabilities. They describe Peuramaki and his co-authors as possessing *"extensive experience in researching and implementing workplace disability programs and initiatives"*. *The Globe and Mail* on the other hand describes him as Fireweed Media's Executive Director.

In 2002, the Highlands Video Projects Committee listed Peuramaki's expertise when they drafted a proposal to promote tourism in Haliburton County through the production of natural history and tourism videos.

Peuramaki's earliest work in the fields of publishing and media production on the public record was his work as an illustrator on a children's book, *Bigfoot Betty*, in 1980.

## Private life

Peuramaki has been listed as a member or cited observer by amateur birdwatching organizations.

In 2002 former Prime Minister of Canada Joe Clark described enjoying Peuramaki's attendance at the book launch of his new book *"Building Accessible Websites"*.

## Awards

In 1994, while Peuramaki was senior producer *The Disability Network* won the Excellence for Television Newsmagazine Programs award, given by the California Governor’s Committee for Employment of Disabled Persons, and one of the series episodes won the Best Documentary award.

On December 4, 2004, Toronto Mayor David Miller honored six individuals, including Peuramiki, with a 2006 Unsung Hero award, on the occasion of International Day of People with Disability and Human Rights Month.

In 2005 the Canadian Association of Independent Living Centres honored Peuramaki with its 2005 Consumer Award. The award is given to individuals who live in an Independent Living Centre who have overcome career barriers.

## InfoBox

| Don Peuramaki | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | Canadian |
| Occupation | Media producer |
| Known for | Writer, naturalist, advocate for those with disabilities |


title: Alacaatlı, Sındırgı

abstract: Alacaatlı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Sındırgı, Balıkesir Province in Turkey. Its population is 408 (2022).

text:
# Alacaatlı, Sındırgı

**Alacaatlı** is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Sındırgı, Balıkesir Province in Turkey. Its population is 408 (2022).

## InfoBox

| Alacaatlı | |
| --- | --- |
| Neighbourhood | |
| AlacaatlıLocation in TurkeyAlacaatlıAlacaatlı (Marmara) | |
| Coordinates: 39°15′10″N 28°03′44″E / 39.2529°N 28.0623°E / 39.2529; 28.0623 | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Balıkesir |
| District | Sındırgı |
| Population (2022) | 408 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |


title: Albert S. Heinrich

abstract: Albert Sigmund Heinrich, was an American pioneer aviator in Baldwin, New York, who flew the first American monoplane, and designed the Heinrich Pursuit aircraft.

text:
# Albert S. Heinrich

**Albert Sigmund Heinrich** (October 27, 1889 – June 25, 1974), was an American pioneer aviator in Baldwin, New York, who flew the first American monoplane, and designed the *Heinrich Pursuit* aircraft.

## Biography

He was born on October 27, 1888, in Brooklyn, New York and he had a brother, Arthur O. Heinrich (1887-?). He started by building speed boats. He died on June 25, 1974, in Fort Ashby, West Virginia. Albert S. Heinrich was born in Brooklyn, N.Y. October 27, 1889. He died June 25, 1974. Shortly after the turn of the century, Albert and his brother, Arthur O. were building and very successfully racing speed boats. Their dreams and ambitions were turned to aviation by the work of the Wright Brothers. However, they felt that an airplane should have only one pair of wings like a bird. Construction was started in 1909, and in May 1910 it was successfully flown. Albert, age 21, was the pilot on the first flight. Arthur, age 23, piloted the second flight. They had to teach themselves to control their plane and did so after becoming airborne. Every airplane they built was a success. They built trainers and operated two flying schools. During the first World War, they built a number of airplanes for the U.S. Army. When his brother died in 1958, Albert retired and moved to Florida. Later he went to live in Fort Ashby, West Virginia. This from The Early Birds of Aviation CHIRP, January, 1975 Number 81


title: Alan Carter (motorcyclist)

abstract: Alan Carter is an English former professional Grand Prix motorcycle road racer. He competed from 1983 to 1990 in the Grand Prix world championship. Carter won the second Grand Prix race he entered, in the 250cc class at the 1983 250cc French Grand Prix as an eighteen-year-old, creating a sensation. However, he was never able to fulfill his potential and never won another Grand Prix. He had his best season in 1985 when he finished in seventh place in the 250cc world championship. Carter competed in the Superbike World Championship in 1994. Carter is the younger brother of former two-time British Speedway Champion Kenny Carter (1961–1986).

text:
# Alan Carter (motorcyclist)

**Alan Carter** (born 19 August 1964) is an English former professional Grand Prix motorcycle road racer. He competed from 1983 to 1990 in the Grand Prix world championship. Carter won the second Grand Prix race he entered, in the 250cc class at the 1983 250cc French Grand Prix as an eighteen-year-old, creating a sensation. However, he was never able to fulfill his potential and never won another Grand Prix. He had his best season in 1985 when he finished in seventh place in the 250cc world championship. Carter competed in the Superbike World Championship in 1994.

Carter is the younger brother of former two-time British Speedway Champion Kenny Carter (1961–1986).

## Racing career statistics

Points system from 1969 to 1987:

| **Position** | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Points** | 15 | 12 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |

Points system from 1988 to 1992:

| **Position** | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Points** | 20 | 17 | 15 | 13 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |

(key) (Races in **bold** indicate pole position; races in *italics* indicate fastest lap)

| Year | Class | Team | Machine | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | Points | Rank | Wins |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1983 | 250cc | Team Mitsui Yamaha | YZR250 | RSA
Ret | FRA
1 | NAT
Ret | GER
13 | ESP
Ret | AUT
Ret | YUG
DNS | NED
Ret | BEL
DNQ | GBR
14 | SWE
5 |  |  |  |  | 21 | 12th | 1 |
| 1984 | 250cc | Marlboro Roberts Yamaha | YZR250 | RSA
10 | NAT
- | ESP
4 | AUT
16 | GER
7 | FRA
Ret | YUG
7 | NED
Ret | BEL
23 | GBR
Ret | *SWE*
4 | SMR
Ret |  |  |  | 25 | 9th | 0 |
| 1985 | 250cc | Donington Park | RS250R | RSA
16 | ESP
4 | GER
4 | NAT
9 | AUT
17 | YUG
DNF | NED
13 | BEL
9 | FRA
DNF | GBR
7 | SWE
4 | SMR
DNF |  |  |  | 32 | 7th | 0 |
| 1986 | 250cc | Braun Cobas | JJ Cobas-Rotax | ESP
10 | NAT
11 | GER
10 | AUT
?? | YUG
DNF | NED
15 | BEL
?? | FRA
20 | GBR
?? | SWE
10 | SMR
?? |  |  |  |  | 9 | 17th | 0 |
| 1987 | 250cc | Moriwaki | NSR250 | JPN
DNF | ESP
- | GER
- | NAT
- | AUT
- | YUG
- | NED
- | FRA
- | GBR
- | SWE
- | CZE
- | SMR
- | POR
- | BRA
- | ARG
- | 0 | ?? | 0 |
| 1988 | 250cc | Yamaha | YZR250 | JPN
- | USA
15 | ESP
- | EXP
- | NAT
- | GER
- | AUT
- | NED
- | BEL
- | YUG
- | FRA
- | GBR
- | SWE
- | CZE
- | BRA
- | 1 | 48th | 0 |
| 1989 | 250cc | ?? | ?? | JPN | AUS | USA
?? | SPA | NAT | GER | AUT | YUG | NED | BEL | FRA | GBR | SWE | CZE | BRA | 0 | ?? | 0 |
| | 500cc | ?? | ?? | JPN | AUS | USA | SPA | NAT | GER | AUT | YUG | NED | BEL | FRA | GBR
Ret | SWE
Ret | CZE | BRA | 0 | 81st | 0 |
| 1990 | 250cc | Honda Britain | RS250R | JPN
18 | USA
?? | ESP
- | NAT
- | GER
- | AUT
- | YUG
- | NED
- | BEL
- | FRA
?? | GBR
13 | SWE
- | CZE
- | HUN
- | AUS
- | 3 | 40th | 0 |
|

## InfoBox

| Alan Carter | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | British |
| Born | 19 August 1964 (1964-08-19) (age 60)
Halifax, West Yorkshire, England |
| Motorcycle racing career statistics  Grand Prix motorcycle racing  Active years 1983 \- 1990  First race 1983 250cc French Grand Prix  Last race 1990 250cc British Grand Prix  First win 1983 250cc French Grand Prix  Last win 1983 250cc French Grand Prix  Championships 0   Starts Wins Podiums Poles F. laps Points  52 1 1 0 2 93 | |


title: Albert John Chalmers

abstract: Albert John Chalmers was a British colonial physician who was a research pioneer in tropical medicine.

text:
# Albert John Chalmers

**Albert John Chalmers** (28 March 1870 - 5 April 1920) was a British colonial physician who was a research pioneer in tropical medicine.

## Biography

Albert John Chalmers was born in Manchester on 28 March 1870. He received his qualifications in 1890 at University College, Liverpool, holding the Holt Fellowship. He joined the West African Medical Service, where he served for four years at the Gold Coast Colony, as the assistant colonial surgeon. He was the acting principal medical officer in the colony during the Siege of Kumassi in 1900 when he was mentioned in despatches and subsequently received the Ashanti Medal and clasp for his service.

He left for Ceylon in 1901 where he worked for the next ten years as the registrar and lecturer on pathology at the Colombo Medical College.

He was a captain in the Ceylon Volunteer Medical Corps and president of the Ceylon branch of the British Medical Association in 1907.

In 1911 he was awarded the King George V Coronation Medal. After serving with the Pellagra Field Commission in 1913 he was appointed as the Director of the Wellcome Tropical Research Laboratories in Khartoum. By then he was a well known name in tropical medicine. While in Colombo he co-authored with Aldo Castellani the *Manual of Tropical Medicine*, the first edition of which appeared in 1910 and was described by F. H. Garrison as “the best modern book on tropical medicine”.

In February 1920, Chalmers turned in his resignation to the Sudan Government and left to travel the world with his wife Alice. While traveling in India, Chalmers fell ill and died on 5 April 1920 of acute infective jaundice.

The Chalmers Memorial Medal is offered annually by the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, in recognition of outstanding research contributing to knowledge of tropical medicine and tropical hygiene.

## Selected publications

* *Simple Medical Directions for Officials in Ceylon*

Publications by AJ Chalmers at Google Scholar


title: Dominic Killalea

abstract: Dominic Killalea is an Australian musician who was a Sydney-based indie rock singer-songwriter and guitarist, playing in different bands during the 1980s and 1990s including The Upbeat, The Go, and Zoo Story. He played with The Mexican Spitfires during their 1989 tour of Sydney and Canberra with The Proclaimers. Killalea also played during the early 1990s in the cover band The Dilburys and in the late 1990s in The New Dilburys, with many new members - the other original member being saxophonist Michael Goy, who also played with Zoo Story. In 2006, Killalea recorded a CD with a group called Riandom but it remained unreleased. The CD, Turn it On! was released in April 2018 on streaming services and as a digital download. Mr Killalea currently lives in New Zealand and is the principal of Wellington High School.

text:
# Dominic Killalea

**Dominic Killalea** is an Australian musician who was a Sydney-based indie rock singer-songwriter and guitarist, playing in different bands during the 1980s and 1990s including The Upbeat, The Go, and Zoo Story. He played with The Mexican Spitfires during their 1989 tour of Sydney and Canberra with The Proclaimers. Killalea also played during the early 1990s in the cover band The Dilburys and in the late 1990s in The New Dilburys, with many new members - the other original member being saxophonist Michael Goy, who also played with Zoo Story. In 2006, Killalea recorded a CD with a group called Riandom but it remained unreleased. The CD, Turn it On! was released in April 2018 on streaming services and as a digital download.

Mr Killalea currently lives in New Zealand and is the principal of Wellington High School.

1. Spencer, Chris; Zbig Nowara; Paul McHenry (2002) \[1987\]. "Killalea, Dominic". *The Who's Who of Australian Rock*. Noble Park, Vic.: Five Mile Press. ISBN 1-86503-891-1. Archived from the original on 29 February 2012. Note: \[on-line\] version established at White Room Electronic Publishing Pty Ltd in 2007 and was expanded from the 2002 edition.
2. "Principal's Message". Wellington High School. Retrieved 19 May 2020.


title: Albert Solliday

abstract: Albert A. Solliday was an American dentist, soldier and politician. He was the 24th mayor of Watertown, Wisconsin, and represented Jefferson County in the Wisconsin State Senate from 1892 to 1899.

text:
# Albert Solliday

**Albert A. Solliday** (February 13, 1841  December 13, 1924) was an American dentist, soldier and politician. He was the 24th mayor of Watertown, Wisconsin, and represented Jefferson County in the Wisconsin State Senate from 1892 to 1899.

## Biography

Born in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, Solliday graduated from Circleville High School in Circleville, Ohio. During the American Civil War, Solliday served as a musician in Company A of the 114th Ohio Infantry Regiment. He remained through the entire service of the regiment, from Fall 1862 through July 1865.

In 1868, Solliday moved to Watertown, Wisconsin where he worked in the dentistry profession. Solliday served on the Watertown school board and the Watertown common council, and was elected mayor for two consecutive terms, in 1884 and 1885.

During these years, he also became active with the Wisconsin National Guard and was captain of the "Watertown Rifles" guard company. He was promoted to adjutant of the 2nd Wisconsin Infantry Regiment in 1888, then major for the 1st battalion of the regiment in 1892, and finally was promoted to lieutenant colonel of the regiment in 1895.

In the Fall of 1891, Wisconsin state senator Walter S. Greene died in office. As it became obvious that special sessions of the Legislature would be needed to deal with redistricting in 1892, a special election was called in the Spring of 1892 to fill his seat. Solliday was the Democratic nominee in the special election, and went on to win with 59% of the vote. He went on to win election to a full four year term at the 1894 general election.

At the outbreak of the Spanish–American War, Solliday was still serving as lieutenant colonel of the 2nd Wisconsin Infantry Regiment and mustered into federal service with the regiment. They participated in the Puerto Rico campaign in 1898, and occupied the cities of Ponce and Coamo. Hostilities ended in August 1898, and the regiment returned to Wisconsin in September.

The regiment was mustered out in November 1898, and Solliday was then appointed quartermaster and commissary general for the state of Wisconsin, with the rank of brigadier general. He served just over two years in this role after the war.

Solliday died at his home in Watertown, Wisconsin.

## Electoral history

### Wisconsin Senate (1892, 1894)

Wisconsin Senate, 23rd District Election, 1892
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Special Election, May 24, 1892** | | | | | |
|  | **Democratic** | **Albert Solliday** | **5,078** | **59.33%** | **+1.39%** |
|  | Republican | George J. Kispert | 3,481 | 40.67% | +3.25% |
| **Plurality** | | | 1,597 | 18.66% | -1.87% |
| Total votes | | | **8,559** | **100.0%** | +24.51% |
|  | Democratic **hold** | | | | |

Wisconsin Senate, 23rd District Election, 1894
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **General Election, November 6, 1894** | | | | | |
|  | **Democratic** | **Albert Solliday (incumbent)** | **5,611** | **50.22%** | **−9.11%** |
|  | Republican | Edwin Huebert | 5,236 | 46.86% | +6.19% |
|  | Prohibition | W. P. Stair | 326 | 2.92% |  |
| **Plurality** | | | 375 | 3.36% | -15.30% |
| Total votes | | | **11,173** | **100.0%** | +30.54% |
|  | Democratic **hold** | | | | |

## InfoBox

| Albert Solliday | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the Wisconsin Senate
from the 23rd district | |
| **In office**
May 30, 1892  January 2, 1899 | |
| Preceded by | Walter S. Greene |
| Succeeded by | John H. Harris |
| 24th Mayor of Watertown, Wisconsin | |
| **In office**
April 1884  April 1886 | |
| Preceded by | William H. Rohr |
| Succeeded by | William F. Voss |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1841-02-13)February 13, 1841
Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| Died | December 13, 1924(1924-12-13) (aged 83)
Watertown, Wisconsin, U.S. |
| Resting place | Oak Hill Cemetery, Watertown, Wisconsin |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse | Elizabeth Jones  (m. 1869; died 1908) |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | United States |
| Branch/service | United States Volunteers
Union Army
Wisconsin National Guard |
| Years of service | * 18621865 (USV) * 1882-1898 (WNG) * 1898 (USV) * 18991901 (WNG) |
| Rank |  |
| Unit |  |
| Battles/wars | American Civil War
Spanish–American War |
|  | |


title: Alberto Sughi

abstract: Alberto Sughi was an Italian painter.

text:
# Alberto Sughi

**Alberto Sughi** (October 5, 1928  March 31, 2012) was an Italian painter.

## Biography

Sughi was born in Cesena, Italy.

A self-taught painter, by the end of his formative years he had become one of the greatest Italian artists of his generation. He started painting in the early 1950s, choosing realism in the debate between abstract and figurative art in the immediate post-war period. Even from his early works, however, Sughi’s paintings have avoided any attempt at social moralising. They depict moments from daily life with no heroes, allowing Enrico Crispolti, in 1956, to define his work as "existential realism". His artistic expression proceeds, almost always, in thematic cycles, in the manner of film sequences. First of all, there were his so-called "green paintings", devoted to the relationship between man and nature (1971–1973), then the *Supper* cycle (1975–1976), after that the 20 paintings and fifteen studies of *Imagination and Memory of the Family*, dating from the early 1980s; the series *Evening or reflection* started from 1985. His most recent series of large canvases, exhibited in 2000, is entitled *Nocturnal*.

Sughi has taken part in all the most important collective exhibitions of contemporary art, from the International Biennale art exhibition in Venice to the Quadriennale in Rome, as well as various exhibitions that have been held abroad, charting the history of Italian art from the 1970s until today. Italian and foreign museums have held large retrospective exhibitions; among the most significant are the Gallery of Modern Art in Bologna (1977), the Manezh Gallery in Moscow (1978), the Museum of Castel Sant'Angelo in Rome, the Fine Arts Museum in Budapest and the National Gallery in Prague (1986), the Civic Modern Art Gallery in Ferrara (1988), the Casa Masaccio in San Giovanni Valdarno (1990), the Assis Chateaubriand Art Gallery in São Paulo in Brazil (1994) and the Civic Museum of San Sepolcro (2003). The artist has taken part in the cycle of exhibitions entitled *The search for identity* in Cagliari, Palermo and Ascoli Piceno (2003–2004), the exhibition *Evil. Exercises in cruel painting* at the Hunting Lodge of Stupinigi, in Turin (2005), and the exhibition "Intimate Portraits from Lotto to Pirandello", at the Regional Archaeological Museum in Aosta (2005) .

In 1994, Alberto Sughi was appointed director of the Ente Quadriennale Nazionale d' Arte in Rome.

At the end of 2005 and until 21 January 2006, a large retrospective exhibition of Sughi’s work was held at the Palazzo della Pilotta in Parma. The exhibition contained 642 works, including paintings, tempera, drawings, and lithographs, made between 1959 and 2004, and owned by the collections of the Centro Studi ed Archivio della Comunicazione (CSAC) at the University of Parma, including the painting Rimmel, made in 2004. In April and May 2006, the modern art gallery in Arezzo held the exhibition il Segno e l'Immagine, consisting of 50 works (all made on paper and then applied to canvas) painted in 2005 and 2006. 2007 has seen two new major Alberto Sughi's solo exhibitions, the first hold in the new rooms of the Biblioteca Malatestiana di Cesena, the second in the Complesso Vittoriano, Rome. In May 2009 Alberto Sughi had a new large retrospective this time in Palazzo Sant'Elia, Palermo, Sicily. The exhibition presented a group of ninety paintings, both from public and private collections. The exhibition catalogue featured a long essay "Dove va l'uomo" ("Where man goes") by the exhibition curator Professor Maurizio Calvesi. In September 2009 the same exhibition was shown at the Italian Institute of Culture in London.

In 2011 Alberto Sughi's work *Un mondo di freddo e di ghiaccio* (*A world of cold and of ice*), Oil on canvas, 140x160cm, 2011, has been selected for the 54th Venice Biennale, Padiglione Italia. The painting (reproduced here below) will be presented to the public at the Italian Pavilion, in Venice, when the Biennale will open on 4 June 2011.

Alberto Sughi, Un mondo di freddo e di ghiaccio (2011)

## Yoshihiko Wada Plagiarism

In May 2006, news emerged that the prize-winning Japanese artist, Yoshihiko Wada (aged 66) had been accused of plagiarizing the work of Alberto Sughi (aged 77), having produced several pieces of art virtually identical to pieces from Sughi. The story made national news in Japan. Several pieces of art on exhibition which bear striking similarities to Sughi's works had helped Wada win the Education, Science and Technology Minister's Art Encouragement Prize in March. However, in April the Japan Artists Association and Agency for Cultural Affairs received an anonymous tip-off questioning the authenticity of Wada's work sparking an investigation into the allegations of plagiarism.

Wada denies the plagiarism claims, and stated that he had known Sughi ever since he studied in Italy in the 1970s, and had received artistic influence from Sughi whilst doing study and design work together with him. Wada claims he had painted with Sughi "in collaboration" and therefore the paintings are not plagiarised. Wada told the Japanese newspaper Yomiuri Shimbun he had known Sughi for 40 years and they had drawn together and exchanged opinions. He says the paintings were created as an homage to Sughi and that he had made it clear when exhibiting the works.

Sughi said he was unaware of the existence of the similar paintings until he was contacted by the Japanese embassy in Italy in early May. According to Sughi, Wada had introduced himself as a great fan of his work and had visited his gallery as many as five times taking photos of his works from different angles. Sughi did not know Wada was also an artist and had only thought Wada was a fan of his paintings. Sughi expressed shock at finding out about Wada's works and is considering filing a criminal complaint and damage suit against Wada for plagiarism. Sughi claims that over 30 of Wada's paintings bore an uncanny resemblance to his work and had suggested that the best way to clarify the truth would be to hold an exhibition of his work alongside Wada's. He also expressed that the award Wada had received should be rescinded.

Three of the seven screening judges that decided to award Wada with the art recommendation prize attended a special review meeting. The panel examined the investigation reports, statements, and pictorial records from Wada and Sughi, with a focus on Wada's "Drama and Poesie" memoir exhibition, which was the basis for his prize. They concluded that there was insufficient evidence to assume Wada's works were not stolen. The Agency for Cultural Affairs also concluded that several of Wada's works appeared to be plagiarised and decided on Monday (June 5) to strip Wada of the prize he won. This would be the first time since the award was set up in 1950 that an artist was stripped of the award.


title: Alan Mayers

abstract: Alan Mayers is an English former footballer who played as an outside forward. Born in Delamere, Cheshire, he made one appearance for Chester in The Football League, wearing the number seven shirt in a 2–1 defeat away to Scunthorpe United in April 1956. The previous season, he had played for the club in the Welsh Cup final against Barry Town, helping Chester to a 1–1 draw at neutral Wrexham, but he did not play in the replay as Chester lost to their non-league opponents.

text:
# Alan Mayers

**Alan Mayers** (born 20 April 1937) is an English former footballer who played as an outside forward. Born in Delamere, Cheshire, he made one appearance for Chester in The Football League, wearing the number seven shirt in a 2–1 defeat away to Scunthorpe United in April 1956. The previous season, he had played for the club in the Welsh Cup final against Barry Town, helping Chester to a 1–1 draw at neutral Wrexham, but he did not play in the replay as Chester lost to their non-league opponents.

## InfoBox

Alan Mayers
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1937-04-20) 20 April 1937 | | |
| Place of birth | Delamere, Cheshire, England | | |
| Position(s) | Outside forward | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| c. 1954–1956 | Chester | 1 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Alberta rural addressing system

abstract: The Alberta rural addressing system was created between 1979 and 1981 in Strathcona County, Alberta to satisfy the demands of Canada Post. It improved rural wayfinding for residents, emergency services, and mail delivery.

text:
# Alberta rural addressing system

The **Alberta rural addressing system** was created between 1979 and 1981 in Strathcona County, Alberta to satisfy the demands of Canada Post. It improved rural wayfinding for residents, emergency services, and mail delivery.

## The system

During the 1870s, the Dominion Land Survey had parceled much of western Canada into nearly square townships, which are approximately 6 mi (9.7 km) in both the north–south and east–west extents. Townships are designated by their "township number" and "range number", for example, "Township 52, Range 25".

The rural address pinpoints the access to the property near a range road, which runs north–south, or a township road, which runs east–west. Township roads are numbered using the township number, the first road being 0 (zero) with increments increasing every 1 mi (1.6 km). Township 51's first township road would therefore be numbered 510, its second township road (2 miles north) is numbered 512, etc. Range roads are numbered from the east boundary of the range, and increase as one moves west in a similar fashion. Range 21's first range road would therefore be numbered 210, its second numbered 211, etc.

The property address is the access location onto a township road or a range road. Each mile is divided into 40 units that are 132 ft (40 m) wide. These units are odd-numbered from 1 to 79 on the south side of township roads and on the east side of range roads. The opposite side of the roads are even-numbered 2 to 80. An example address of the property on Township Road 512, 1,320 ft (400 m) east of the intersection with Range Road 211, would be 21133 Township Road 512. Multi-lot subdivisions are addressed similarly to apartments in a city, with a street address and a unit number.

## Background

By 1979, the growing number of rural residences in Strathcona County, Alberta, had made it too cumbersome for Canada Post to accurately deliver the mail using the existing rural route system. Faced with interrupted mail delivery the county's reeve, JD Morrow, directed a County engineer, Paul Steinhubl, to solve this pressing problem. Earlier in his career, Steinhubl had presented versions of the concept to local authorities in Saskatchewan, but they had been dismissed as irrelevant or too costly. So with the concept already established, Steinhubl was able to present a rural addressing system proposal almost immediately. The simplicity of the concept and its continuous adaptability to all of Alberta and western Canada convinced the Strathcona County Council to endorse the concept. By the end of 1981, the implementation of the rural addressing system was complete. All residences had their addresses and the road signs were installed.

At the Alberta Association of Municipal Districts and Counties annual convention in 1989, a resolution was passed endorsing The Township Road and Range Road Concept. To date, Alberta's rural addressing system continues to be implemented across the province.

## Non-unique addresses

Range Roads are numbered westward from prime meridians. The fourth meridian runs along the Alberta-Saskatchewan border, the fifth, at 114° West longitude (Stony Plain, Calgary), and the sixth at 118° (Grande Prairie) This means that there are up to 3 each of lower numbered range roads, and two each of the rest. E.g. Range road 22 west of the fourth, Range road 22 west of the fifth, and Range road 22 west of the 6th meridian. At Edmonton's latitude, the westernmost range road west of the 4th is Range Road 280—the first road in the 28th township block west of the Saskatchewan border. At 6 miles per block, that's 168 miles. This is sufficient so that there isn't local confusion.

Township roads are numbered north from the US Border and are unique, but the numerical part is numbered from the meridians. So instead of there being duplicate roads, there are duplicate numbers on a road.

In common use, either the county or the town where you get mail is appended onto the address. This helps mere humans to have a feel for where the address is.

* "Addressing". 30 March 2022.
* "12 Rural Address Signs" (PDF).
* "County of St. Paul No. 19: Rural Addressing". Archived from the original on 2010-08-21.
* "Lacomb County February 2011 Rural Addressing Planning and Development FAQ".


title: Alberta men's provincial floorball team

abstract: The Alberta men's provincial floorball team is the men's provincial floorball team of Alberta, and a member of Floorball Canada. Alberta's men's team is currently ranked 3rd in Canada at floorball, based on their performance at the 2009 Canadian Floorball Championships. Alberta maintains a strong rivalry in floorball with Ontario. The majority of players on Team Alberta are Canadian and Polish. The team is organized by Floorball Alberta. The team has seen relatively little success, but nevertheless has finished 3rd in Canada twice.

text:
# Alberta men's provincial floorball team

The **Alberta men's provincial floorball team** is the men's provincial floorball team of Alberta, and a member of Floorball Canada. Alberta's men's team is currently ranked 3rd in Canada at floorball, based on their performance at the 2009 Canadian Floorball Championships.

Alberta maintains a strong rivalry in floorball with Ontario. The majority of players on Team Alberta are Canadian and Polish. The team is organized by Floorball Alberta.

The team has seen relatively little success (with only 3 wins), but nevertheless has finished 3rd in Canada twice.

## Team Roster

*As of December 6, 2010*

| Goalkeepers | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Nationality | Number | Player name | Club |
|  | **88** | Jacek Kula | River City IBK |
|  | **92** | Michał Sebastianski | River City IBK |

| Defensemen | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Nationality | Number | Player name | Club |
|  | **2** | Henry Camp | Edmonton Panthera FC |
|  | **7** | Filip Osmulski | N/A |
|  | **8** | Robert Chrobak**A** | River City IBK |
|  | **10** | Tomasz Kula | River City IBK |
|  | **22** | Gabriel Charles | Edmonton Panthera FC |

| Forwards | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Nationality | Number | Player name | Club |
|  | **4** | Andrzej Łuszczek**A** | River City IBK |
|  | **9** | Tomasz Łuszczek | River City IBK |
|  | **11** | Dawid Cholewa | Oil Country FC |
|  | **13** | Jonas Quick | N/A |
|  | **14** | Bartłomiej Seres | N/A |
|  | **19** | Colin Schulte | Edmonton Panthera FC |
|  | **23** | Andrzej Zadora – **C** | Northern Lights FC |

## All-Time Team Records

### Canadian Nationals

| Year | GP | W | D | L | GF | GA | +/- |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2007 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 8 | 20 | −12 |
| 2008 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 20 | 38 | −18 |
| 2009 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 9 | 21 | 0 |
| 2010 | *Did not participate* | | | | | | |
| 2011 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| **Totals** | 13 | 3 | 0 | 10 | 37 | 79 | −42 |

## InfoBox

Alberta Men's Floorball Team
| Flag of Alberta | |
| --- | --- |
| Nickname(s) | Team Alberta |
| Founded | 2007 |
| Captain | Andrzej Zadora |
| First game | 3:5 vs. Quebec |
| Largest win | 4:2 vs. Ontario |
| Largest defeat | 2:10 vs. B.C. |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


abstract: Alberta v Hutterian Brethren of Wilson Colony, 2009 SCC 37, [2009] 2 SCR 567 is a freedom of religion decision by the Supreme Court of Canada. The court addressed whether a requirement that all licensed drivers be photographed unconstitutionally violated the Hutterites' right to freedom of religion.

text:
# Alberta v Hutterian Brethren of Wilson Colony

***Alberta v Hutterian Brethren of Wilson Colony***, 2009 SCC 37, \[2009\] 2 SCR 567 is a freedom of religion decision by the Supreme Court of Canada. The court addressed whether a requirement that all licensed drivers be photographed unconstitutionally violated the Hutterites' right to freedom of religion.

## Background

The Hutterites believe that they cannot consent to being photographed. Previously, an exception had been made from the photograph requirement by the Alberta government. However, the government now keeps the photographs in a large database to prevent identity theft, and ended the exemption. Alberta claimed that making a constitutional exception for the Hutterites would undermine its attempts to prevent such fraud.

The Alberta Court of Appeal found for the Hutterites.

## Opinion of the Court

The Alberta government conceded that this was a violation of the Hutterites' religious freedom protected under section 2 of the *Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms*, but argued this violation was allowable under section 1's "reasonable limits" on *Charter* rights. The Hutterites maintained that this was an unreasonable limit.

Chief Justice McLachlin, writing for the majority, found the law constitutional. She found that the government's need to fight fraud was pressing, and that driving was not a right, so the government was entitled to attach legitimate conditions to it.

Three justices dissented and would have not required the Hutterites to be photographed to be licensed. In three separate opinions, Justices Abella, LeBel and Fish found that this policy was not minimally impairing, since it would not significantly enable identity theft to allow the exceptions, and it would have a large detrimental effect on the Hutterites' way of life, since they would have to employ outsiders to perform all their necessary driving.

1. SCC Case Information - Docket 32186 Supreme Court of Canada

## InfoBox

| Alberta v Hutterian Brethren of Wilson Colony | |
| --- | --- |
| **Supreme Court of Canada** | |
| Hearing: October 7, 2008
Judgment: July 24, 2009 | |
| Full case name | *Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Alberta v. Hutterian Brethren of Wilson Colony and Hutterian Brethren Church of Wilson* |
| Citations | 2009 SCC 37, \[2009\] 2 SCR 567 |
| Docket No. | 32186 |
| Prior history | Judgement for the Hutterian Brethren at the Alberta Court of Appeal |
| Ruling | Appeal allowed. |
| Holding | |
| Mandatory driver's license photographs violates the religious freedom guarantee of section 2(a) the *Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms*, but this infringement is saved under section 1 due to the need to prevent identity fraud. | |
| Court membership | |
| **Chief Justice:** Beverley McLachlin
**Puisne Justices:** Ian Binnie, Louis LeBel, Marie Deschamps, Morris Fish, Rosalie Abella, Louise Charron, Marshall Rothstein | |
| Reasons given | |
| Majority | McLachlin CJ (paras 1–109), joined by Binnie, Deschamps and Rothstein JJ |
| Dissent | Abella J. (paras 110–177) |
| Dissent | Lebel J. (paras 178–202) |
| Dissent | Fish J. (para 203) |
| Charron J took no part in the consideration or decision of the case. | |
| Laws applied | |
| *R v Oakes,* | |


title: Alberta private schools

text:
# Alberta private schools

Private schools are a type of K-12 educational institution in the Canadian province of Alberta, which are overseen and funded by the Government of Alberta. Tuition limits are not set by the government, and private schools do not receive funding for transportation or optional charges such as uniform and specialized curriculum activities.

In the 2023–24 school year, approximately 45,477 students attended a private school, or around 5.68 per cent of the total student population.

As of April 2024, there are 166 private school authorities in Alberta who operate a total of 222 schools.

## History

In 1946, the Social Credit Party government under the leadership of Ernest Manning recognized the creation of private schools with legislative changes to the provincial *Education Act.* Lobbied heavily by religious and conservative groups - primarily Dutch neo-Calvinists in the Christian Action Foundation, the Societies for Christian Education, and the Association of Private Schools and Colleges in Alberta (APSCA) - the Government of Alberta began providing public funding to private schools in 1967, starting at $100 per student. Further changes in 1974-76 under Peter Lougheed's Progressive Conservative government increased per-student funding to 33 per cent of what public schools received, then 40 per cent.

Following the election of Ralph Klein in 1992, a notable difference in messaging and justification for private school funding emerged which centred on "parent choice". Klein's government soon introduced charter schools legislation, and in April 1997 a private member bill sponsored by PC MLA Carol Louise Haley and supported by then-provincial treasurer Stockwell Day, seeking a $14 million increase to annual funding of private schools, was brought forward. Per-student funding was increased to 60 per cent of what public schools received by 1998, while the public school system saw wages cut for teachers, funding cuts, repealed education regulations, the centralization of school boards, and the elimination of taxation powers for schools to raise revenue on their own.

This situation was detested by workers in the education system and the public in general and pressure built gradually in the following years, eventually culminating in the 2002 Alberta teachers' strike. At its peak, 22,000 teachers out of a total 32,000 were on strike by February, affecting around 357,000 students out of a total 550,000.

Following unsuccessful back to work orders in February, Minister of Learning and Education Lyle Oberg declared a public emergency. The Klein government in collusion with the Alberta School Boards' Association agreed to pass Bill 12, the *Education Services Settlement Act (ESSA)* on March 14, 2002, in response to the strike, which was widely seen as a betrayal to teachers and an illegal and draconian piece of legislation. The *ESSA* imposed a wage settlement arbitration process on teachers and made it nearly impossible to appeal this process or its results in court; gave the government permission to remove the right to strike or lockout; forbade teachers from engaging in slowdowns or diminishing their job duties; broadened the term 'strike' to include two or more teachers acting together to refuse to perform assigned responsibilities; and established severe penalties for any non-compliance. Larry Booi, the Alberta Teachers' Association (ATA) President, responded to the legislation by stating "This is a black day for public education and for democracy in Alberta. This government has made a terrible decision, and we all shall have to live with the consequences".

Though the strike ended, the private school system has grown in size and in funding under Progressive Conservative governments, which formed the provincial government continuously between 1971 and 2015. At the initiative of Ed Stelmach's government in 2008, per-student funding rose to 70 per cent of that received by public schools (equivalent to around $5,200 per student), and remains at this rate today.

## Private schools and private school authorities in Alberta

These are classified by the Government into 3 different types and 2 special designations:

* **Registered private schools**: registered under Section 29(1) of the *Education Act*; must meet requirements outlined by the *Act* and in sections (2), (3), (4), (5), and (21) in the Private Schools Regulation. They are ineligible for government funding and although not required to use certificated teachers or teach the Alberta curriculum, *are* required to maintain a list of subjects, skills, and knowledge areas.
* **Accredited private schools (non funded)**: registered under Section 29(2) of the *Education Act*; must meet the requirements of a registered private school and the additional Private Schools Regulation requirements under sections (6), (8), (9), and (10). They must use certificated teachers, but are not required to teach the Alberta curriculum.
* **Accredited funded private schools**: funded by the government through the Education Grants Regulation; must meet additional Private Schools Regulation requirements under sections (7), (12), (13), (14), (15), (16), (17), (18), (19), and (20). They are required to use certificated teachers, must teach the Alberta curriculum, and must have a principal who is also a certificated teacher.
* **Designated special education private schools**: funded by the government; given special approval and funding by the Minister of Education for the purpose of serving students identifying with mild, moderate, or severe disabilities, and must meet the additional requirements under section (11) of the Private Schools Regulation.
* **Heritage language schools**: offers approved language and culture courses outside of regular school hours to students who already have basic education needs met at another school authority; if funding is granted, a principal must be a certificated teacher and audited financial statements are required.

As of April 2024, there are 166 private school authorities operating 222 schools in Alberta:

| Authority | School | City | Grades Taught | Additional Details |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1620215 Alberta Ltd. | Cochrane Valley Montessori School | Cochrane | K |  |
| | Cochrane Valley Montessori School | Cochrane | 1-6 |  |
| 40-Mile Christian Education Society | Cherry Coulee Christian Academy | Bow Island | K-12 |  |
| Access International College (Calgary) Inc. | Access Academy | Calgary | 7-12 |  |
| Ahmadiyya Muslim Schools Society Alberta | Ahmadiyya Muslim School | Calgary | K-9 |  |
| Airdrie Christian Academy Society | Airdrie Christian Academy | Airdrie | K-12 |  |
| Al Mustafa Academy & Humanitarian Society | Al-Mustafa Academy | Edmonton | K-12 |  |
| | Al-Mustafa North Location | Edmonton | K-9 |  |
| Al-Zahra Islamic Research Foundation | Al-Qaim International School | Calgary | K-9 |  |
| AlBaqir Academy Association | AlBaqir Academy | Edmonton | K-12 |  |
| Alberta Chinese Cultural Education Society | Alberta Heritage Language | Edmonton | 10-12 |  |
| Alberta Chung Wah School Society | Alberta Chung Wah School | Calgary | 10-12 |  |
| Alberta Conference of 7th Day Adventist Church | Chinook Winds Adventist Academy | Calgary | K-12 |  |
| | College Heights Christian School | Lacombe | K-12 |  |
| | Higher Ground Christian School | Medicine Hat | K-9 |  |
| | Mamawi Atosketan Native School | Ponoka | K-12 |  |
| | Peace Hills Adventist School | Wetaskiwin | K-9 |  |
| | Prairie Adventist Christian eSchool | Lacombe | K-12 |  |
| | South Side Christian School | Medicine Hat | K-9 |  |
| | Sylvan Meadow Adventist School | Red Deer County | K-9 |  |
| | Woodlands Adventist School | Ponoka | K-9 |  |
| Alberta Interscience Association | Russian Education Centre | Edmonton | 10-12 |  |
| Arise Calgary Church | Arise Christian Academy | Calgary | 1-12 |  |
| Asasa Learning | Asasa Academy | Calgary | K-6 |  |
| | Little Angels | Calgary | K |  |
| Atlas Learning Academy Ltd. | Atlas Learning Academy Ltd. | Airdrie | K-9 |  |
| Aurora Learning Foundation | Aurora Learning Foundation | Sherwood Park | 1-12 |  |
| Aurora Learning Foundation (Calgary) | Aurora Learning Calgary | Calgary | 1-12 |  |
| Banbury Crossroads School | Banbury Crossroads School | Calgary | K-12 |  |
| Bearspaw Christian School Society | BCS@Home | Calgary | K-12 |  |
| Bow Island Congregation, Church of God in Christ, Mennonite | Sun Country Christian School | Calgary | n/a |  |
| Buffalo Head Mennonite School Society | Neuanlage School | Buffalo Head Prairie | n/a |  |
| | Ostland School | Buffalo Head Prairie | n/a |  |
| | Rosenfeld School | Buffalo Head Prairie | n/a |  |
| | Vastland School | Buffalo Head Prairie | n/a |  |
| Calgary Academy Society | Calgary Academy Collegiate | Calgary | K-12 |  |
| Calgary Changemakers in Education Society | Calgary Changemakers School | Calgary | K-9 |  |
| Calgary Chinese Alliance School Society | Calgary Chinese Alliance School | Calgary | 10-12 |  |
| Calgary French & International School Society | Calgary French & International School | Calgary | K-12 |  |
| Calgary German Language School Society | Calgary German Language School Society | Calgary | 7-12 |  |
| Calgary International Academy Ltd. | Calgary International Academy | Calgary | 1-6 |  |
| | Calgary International Academy ECS | Calgary | K |  |
| Calgary Mandarin School Association | Calgary Mandarin School | Calgary | 10-12 |  |
| Calgary Quest Children's Society | Calgary Quest School | Calgary | 1-12 |  |
| Calgary Waldorf School Society | Calgary Waldorf School | Calgary | K-9 |  |
| Calvin Christian School Society of the Netherlands Reformed Congregations | Calvin Christian School | Coalhurst | K-12 |  |
| Canadian Collegiate Institute | Canadian Collegiate Institute | Edmonton | n/a |  |
| Canadian Polish Language and Culture Parent Association | Polish Sienkiewicz School | Edmonton | 10-12 |  |
| Canadian Reformed School Society of Edmonton | Parkland Immanuel Christian School | Edmonton | K-12 |  |
| Canadian Reformed School Society of Neerlandia | Covenant Canadian Reformed School | County of Barrhead No. 11 | K-12 |  |
| Capstone Engineering Academy | Capstone Engineering Academy | Calgary | 1-12 |  |
| Central Alberta Christian High School Society | Central Alberta Christian High School | Lacombe | 10-12 |  |
| Centro Linguistico E Culturale Italiano Calgary | Italian School of Calgary | Calgary | 7-12 |  |
| Chinese Cultural Promotion Society (CCPS) | The Chinese Cultural Promotion Society | Edmonton | 10-12 |  |
| Chiniki Community College | Chiniki Community College | Mînî Thnî | 10-12 |  |
| Church of God in Christ Mennonite | Hilltop Christian School | Fort Vermilion | 1-9 |  |
| Church of God in Christ Mennonite Pembina Valley Congregation | Pembina Valley Christian School | Westlock | 1-9 |  |
| Church of God in Christ Mennonite Rosedale Congregation | Rosedale Christian School | Crooked Creek | n/a |  |
| Clear Water Academy Foundation | Clear Water Academy | Calgary | K-12 |  |
| Cleardale Mennonite School Society | Cleardale Mennonite School | Cleardale | 1-9 |  |
| | Worsely Mennonite School | Cleardale | 1-6 |  |
| Coaldale Canadian Reformed School Society | Coaldale Christian School | Coaldale | K-12 |  |
| Columbia College Calgary | Columbia College | Calgary | 10-12 |  |
| Congregation House of Jacob-Mikveh Israel | Akiva Academy | Calgary | K-9 |  |
| Countryside Christian School | Countryside Christian School | Edberg | K-9 |  |
| Creekside Creative Academy | Creekside Creative Academy | Red Deer | K-9 |  |
| Delta West Academy Society | Delta West Academy | Calgary | K-12 |  |
| Destiny Christian School Society | Destiny Christian School Society | Red Deer County | K-9 |  |
| Devon Christian School Society | Devon Christian School | Devon | K-9 |  |
| Duchess Bethel Mennonite School | Duchess Bethel Mennonite School | Duchess | n/a |  |
| E2 Society for Twice-Exceptional Learners | E2 Academy | Edmonton | K-12 |  |
| Eastside City Church and Missionary Society | Eastside Christian Academy | Calgary | K-12 |  |
| Echo Valley Church of God in Christ Mennonite | Echo Valley Christian School | Bluffton | n/a |  |
| Edison School Society | Edison School | Foothills | K-12 |  |
| Edmonton Academy Society for Learning Disabled | Edmonton Academy | Edmonton | 1-12 |  |
| Edmonton Bible Heritage Christian School & College Society | Edmonton Bible Heritage Christian School | Edmonton | n/a |  |
| Edmonton Islamic School Society | Edmonton Islamic Academy | Edmonton | K-12 |  |
| Edmonton Khalsa School Educational Association | Edmonton Khalsa School | Edmonton | K-6 |  |
| Education Unlimited Network | Education Unlimited Academy | Kingman | K-12 |  |
| Elves Special Needs Society | Elves Adult & Youth Centre | Edmonton | K-12 |  |
| | Elves Child Development Centre | Edmonton | K |  |
| First Steps Elementary Academy | First Steps Elementary Academy | Red Deer | K-6 |  |
| Foothills Academy Society | Foothills Academy | Calgary | 1-12 |  |
| Footprints for Learning Society | Footprints for Learning Society | Airdrie | K-12 |  |
| | Footprints for Learning Academy (West Side Campus) | Airdrie | n/a |  |
| Fort McMurray Montessori Foundation | Hillcrest Montessori Academy | Fort McMurray | K-6 |  |
| GCA Education Society | Glenmore Christian Academy Junior High | Calgary | 1-9 |  |
| Genesis Protestant Reformed School Society of Lacombe | Genesis Protestant Reformed School | Clive | n/a |  |
| German Language School Society of Edmonton | German Language School Society of Edmonton | Devon | n/a |  |
| Gil Vicente Edmonton Portuguese School Society | Gil Vicente School | Edmonton | n/a |  |
| Gobind Marg Charitable Trust Association | Gobind Sarvar School | Edmonton | K-6 |  |
| Gobind Marg Charitable Trust Foundation | Gobind Sarvar School Guru Nanak Gate Campus | Calgary | 1-12 |  |
| | Gobind Sarvar School | Calgary | K-6 |  |
| Greek Orthodox Community of Edmonton and District Society | St. George's Hellenic Language School | Edmonton | n/a |  |
| Headway School Society of Alberta | Headway School Society of Alberta | Edmonton | K-12 |  |
| Hellenic Academia Institute | Hellenic Academia Institute | Edmonton | n/a |  |
| Hellenic Society of Calgary and District | Greek Community School | Calgary | 10-12 |  |
| Hellenic-Canadian Community of Edmonton and Region | Hellenic-Canadian Community of Edmonton and Region | Edmonton | n/a |  |
| High Level Christian Education Society | High Level Christian Academy | High Level | K-9 |  |
| Hillcrest Christian School Society | Hillcrest Christian School | Grande Prairie | K-12 |  |
| Horizon Academy Institute | Horizon Heritage Arabic School | Calgary | 10-12 |  |
| Ignite Alberta Institute for Learning | Ignite Centre for eLearning | Edmonton | K-12 |  |
| Independent Baptist Christian Education Society | Harvest Baptist Academy | Spruce Grove | K-12 |  |
| Independent School Authority Ltd. | Summit West Independent School | Okotoks | K-12 |  |
| Inner City Youth Development Association | Inner City High School | Edmonton | 10-12 |  |
| Janus Academy Society | Janus Academy | Calgary | 1-9 |  |
| | Janus Academy Junior/Senior High School | Calgary | 1-12 |  |
| Khalsa School Calgary Educational Foundation | Khalsa School Calgary Educational Foundation | Conrich | K-9 |  |
| Kneehill Christian School | Kneehill Christian School | Linden | 1-9 |  |
| Koinonia Christian School - Red Deer Society | Emmaus Learning Community - DSEPS | Red Deer | 1-12 |  |
| | Koinonia Christian School (Red Deer) | Red Deer | K-12 |  |
| | Koinonia @ Home | Red Deer | K-12 |  |
| Lady Fatima Academy | Lady Fatima Academy | Calgary | K-6 |  |
| Lakeland Christian School Society | Lakeland Christian Academy | Cold Lake | K-12 |  |
| | Peace Christian Academy | Grimshaw | K-12 |  |
| Lakeland Church of God in Christ (Mennonite) of Dewberry | Lakeland Country School | Dewberry | n/a |  |
| Lakeview Christian School | Lakeview Christian School | Stettler | 1-9 |  |
| Legacies Academy Foundation | Legacies Academy | High River | K-6 |  |
| Lighthouse Christian School Society | Lighthouse Christian School | Sylvan Lake | K-12 |  |
| Living Springs Mennonite Church of Hythe | Living Springs Christian School | Hythe | n/a |  |
| Living Truth Christian School Society | Living Truth Christian School | Mirror | K-12 |  |
| Living Waters Christian Academy | Living Waters Christian Academy | Spruce Grove | K-12 |  |
| Lycee Louis Pasteur Society | Lycee Louis Pasteur | Calgary | K-12 |  |
| Maria Montessori Education Centre of Calgary, Ltd. | Maria Montessori School | Calgary | K-9 |  |
| | Maria Montessori School - cSPACE King Edward Location | Calgary | K |  |
| Maskwachees Cultural College Foundation | Maskwachees Cultural School | Maskwacis | 10-12 |  |
| Meadows Christian Education Society | Meadows Christian Academy | Edmonton | K-9 |  |
| Montessori School of Calgary | Montessori School of Calgary | Calgary | K-6 |  |
| Mountain View Academy Society | Mountain View Academy | Calgary | K-12 |  |
| Muslim Association of Canada | MAC Islamic School | Edmonton | K-12 |  |
| | MAC Islamic School - Calgary Chapter | Calgary | K-9 |  |
| | MAC Islamic School Southside Campus | n/a | n/a |  |
| Nebula Foundation | Nebula Academy | Edmonton | K-9 |  |
| Neriah Christian School Society of the Netherlands Reformed Congregation | Neriah Christian School | Calgary | 1-9 |  |
| New Heights School and Learning Services Society | New Heights School and Learning Services | Calgary | K-12 |  |
| Newell Christian School Society | Newell Christian School | Brooks | K-9 |  |
| North Point School for Boys | North Point School | Calgary | 1-12 |  |
| | North Point School for Boys | Calgary | K-9 |  |
| | North Point School - DSEPS | Calgary | 1-12 |  |
| Northern Lights School Education Foundation | Northern Lights School | Spirit River | 1-9 |  |
| Olds Mountain View Christian School Association | Olds Mountain View Christian School | Olds | K-12 |  |
| Parkland Community Living and Supports Society | Parkland School Special Education | Red Deer | 1-12 |  |
| Peace Mennonite School | Peace Mennonite School | La Crete | n/a |  |
| Philippine Cultural Center Foundation (Calgary) | Filipino Language and Cultural School of Calgary | Calgary | n/a |  |
| Phoenix Education Foundation | Phoenix Education Foundation | Calgary | K-12 |  |
| Pincher Creek Meadow Valley Ministry | Meadow Valley Christian Academy | Pincher Creek | n/a |  |
| Ponoka Christian School Society | Ponoka Christian School | Ponoka | K-9 |  |
| Progressive Academy Education Society | Progressive Academy | Edmonton | K-12 |  |
| Providence Christian School Society | Providence Christian School | Monarch | K-12 |  |
| Red Crow Community College | Red Crow Community College | Cardston | 10-12 |  |
| Renfrew Educational Services Society | Renfrew Educational Services - Bowness Centre | Calgary | K |  |
| | Renfrew Educational Services - Child Development Centre | Calgary | K |  |
| | Renfrew Educational Services - Janice McTighe Centre | Calgary | K-9 |  |
| | Renfrew Educational Services - Park Place Centre | Calgary | n/a |  |
| | Renfrew Thomas W. Buchanan Centre | Calgary | K-9 |  |
| River Valley School Society | River Valley School ECS | Calgary | K |  |
| Rocky View Mennonite Church | Rockyview Christian School | Pincher Creek | n/a |  |
| RTD Math Academy Ltd. | RTD Math Academy | Red Deer | 7-12 |  |
| Rundle College Society | Rundle Studio | Calgary | 7-12 |  |
| Saddle Lake Indian Full Gospel School Mission | Sawenegezhik Academy | Saddle Lake | n/a |  |
| SCcyber E-Learning Community | SCcyber E-Learning Community | Calgary | 10-12 |  |
| | SCcyber E-Learning Institute | Calgary | 10-12 |  |
| School of East Indian Languages and Performing Arts of Calgary | School of East Indian Languages and Performing Arts | Calgary | n/a |  |
| Slave Lake Koinonia Christian School Society | Slave Lake Christian Academy | Slave Lake | K-9 |  |
| Solomon College | Solomon College | Edmonton | 10-12 |  |
| Sreekumar Education Foundation | Canadian International Private School | Edmonton | n/a |  |
| St. Matthew Evangelical Lutheran Church of Stony Plain, Alberta | St. Matthew Lutheran Christian Academy | Stony Plain | K-9 |  |
| Stirling Mennonite Church Day School | Stirling Mennonite Day School | Raymond | n/a |  |
| Strathcona-Tweedsmuir School | Strathcona-Tweedsmuir Online | Okotoks | 7-12 |  |
| | Strathcona-Tweedsmuir School | Okotoks | K-12 |  |
| Swedish Society of Calgary | Swedish Language School | Calgary | 7-9 |  |
| Tanbridge Academy | Tanbridge Academy | Calgary | K-9 |  |
| Tempo School | Tempo School | Edmonton | K-12 |  |
| The Alberta Ballet Company | Alberta Ballet School | Calgary | 7-12 |  |
| The Calgary Chinese Public School Society | Calgary Chinese Private School | Calgary | 10-12 |  |
| The Calgary Jewish Academy | Calgary Jewish Academy | Calgary | K-9 |  |
| The Canadian Montessori School Ltd. | Canadian Montessori School | Calgary | K-6 |  |
| | Canadian Montessori School North | Calgary | K |  |
| | Canadian Montessori School West | Calgary | K |  |
| The Canadian Reformed School Society of Calgary | Tyndale Christian School | Calgary | K-12 |  |
| The Chinese Academy Foundation | The Chinese Academy | Calgary | 10-12 |  |
| The Cornerstone Christian Academy of Camrose | Cornerstone Christian Academy | Kingman | K-12 |  |
| The Dante Alighieri Society | Dante Alighieri Italian School | Edmonton | n/a |  |
| The Edge School for Athletes Society | Edge School | Calgary | 1-12 |  |
| The Father's House Christian Fellowship - Sturgeon County | The Father's House Christian School | Morinville | K-12 |  |
| The Filipino Canadian Saranay Association of Alberta | Filipino Language & Cultural School | Edmonton | K-12 |  |
| The Gilbertine Institute of Catholic Studies | Holy House of Our Lady and St. Benedict | Edmonton | 1-9 |  |
| | The Gilbertine Academy | Calgary | K-12 |  |
| | Villa Spiritus | Derwent | 10-12 |  |
| The Heart Valley Church of God in Christ Mennonite | Heart Valley Christian School | Wanham | n/a |  |
| The Lacombe Christian School Society | Lacombe Christian School | Lacombe | K-9 |  |
| The Old Sun Society | Old Sun Community College | Siksika 146 | 10-12 |  |
| The Renert School Foundation | Renert School | Calgary | K-12 |  |
| The Rimbey Christian School Society | Rimbey Christian School | Rimbey | K-9 |  |
| The Society of Ukrainian Studies of Alberta | Ivan Franko Ukrainian School | Edmonton | 7-12 |  |
| Third Academy International Ltd. | LYNX East | Bragg Creek | K-9 |  |
| | LYNX West | Calgary | K-9 |  |
| | The Third Academy | Rocky View County | 1-6 |  |
| | Third Academy Calgary South | Rocky View County | 7-12 |  |
| | URSA | Calgary | K-12 |  |
| Tween Valley Fellowship/Tween Valley Christian School | Tween Valley Christian School | Taber | K-12 |  |
| Unlimited Potential Community Services Society | Bright Bank Academy | Edmonton | 1-9 |  |
| | Columbus Academy | Edmonton | 1-12 |  |
| | Phoenix Academy | Edmonton | 7-12 |  |
| | Thomas More Academy | Edmonton | 1-12 |  |
| Waldorf Education Society of Edmonton | Waldorf Independent School of Edmonton | Edmonton | K-9 |  |
| Webber Academy Foundation | Webber Academy | Calgary | K-12 |  |
| West Island College Society of Alberta | West Island College | Calgary | 7-12 |  |
| Wilson Prairie Mennonite School Society | Blumenort Mennonite School | La Crete | n/a |  |
| | Tompkins Mennonite School | La Crete | n/a |  |
| | Wilson Prairie Mennonite School | La Crete | n/a |  |
| Yellowhead Koinonia Christian School Society | Yellowhead Koinonia Christian School | Edson | K-12 |  |
| Yufeng Chinese School Centre | Yufeng Chinese School | Calgary | 1-12 |  |

1. "Student population statistics | Alberta.ca". *www.alberta.ca*. 2024-03-25. Retrieved 2024-04-02.
2. "Alberta Schools and Authorities". *education.alberta.ca*. Retrieved 2024-04-02.
3. "A drain on the public purse — the history of private schooling in Alberta". *Alberta Teachers Association*. Retrieved 2024-04-02.
4. Winton, Sue; Staples, Steven (8 February 2022). "Shifting Meanings: The Struggle Over Public Funding of Private Schools in Alberta, Canada". *Education Policy Analysis Archives*. **30** (15): 1–17. doi:10.14507/epaa.30.7002.
5. "End strike, Alberta tells teachers". *The Globe and Mail*. 2002-02-22. Retrieved 2024-04-02.
6. Nettleton, Winston (2014). *Teachers on the March: The 2002 Strike* (PDF). Edmonton: The Alberta Teachers' Association. ISBN 978-1-927074-18-3.
7. "Alberta Government Bans Teachers Right to Strike". *www.labournet.net*. Retrieved 2024-04-02.
8. "Private schools | Alberta.ca". *www.alberta.ca*. 2024-03-25. Retrieved 2024-04-02.
9. "Education Act - Open Government". *open.alberta.ca*. Retrieved 2024-04-02.
10. "Private Schools Regulation - Open Government". *open.alberta.ca*. Retrieved 2024-04-02.


title: Aleksandr Podushkin

abstract: Aleksandr Nikolaevich Podushkin is an archaeologist from Kazakhstan. He holds a doctorate in history and is a professor at the Southern Kazakhstan State Pedagogical Institute in Shymkent, Kazakhstan. Podushkin specializes on the archaeology of Southern Kazakhstan, and on the cultures of the Sakas, Sarmatians and Kangju in the 4th century BCE – 4th century CE. He has published four monographs and about ninety articles, some in collaboration with foreign scholars, such as Franz Grenet and Nicholas Sims-Williams.

text:
# Aleksandr Podushkin

**Aleksandr Nikolaevich Podushkin** (Александр Николаевич Подушкин, born March 19, 1953) is an archaeologist from Kazakhstan. He holds a doctorate in history and is a professor at the Southern Kazakhstan State Pedagogical Institute in Shymkent, Kazakhstan.

Podushkin specializes on the archaeology of Southern Kazakhstan, and on the cultures of the Sakas, Sarmatians and Kangju in the 4th century BCE – 4th century CE.

He has published four monographs and about ninety articles, some in collaboration with foreign scholars, such as Franz Grenet and Nicholas Sims-Williams.

## Works

* Podushkin, Alexsandr. "ART AND RELIGIOUS BELIEFS OF KANGJU: EVIDENCE FROM AN ANTHROPOMORPHIC IMAGE FOUND IN THE UGAM VALLEY (SOUTHERN KAZAKHSTAN)" (PDF). *Silk Road Foundation*.
* Aleksandr N. Podushkin. Arysskaia kul’tura Iuzhnogo Kazakhstana IV v. do n.e.–VI v. n.e. \[The Arys Culture of southern Kazakhstan 4th century BCE–6th century CE\]. Turkestan: Izdatel’skii tsentr MKTU im. A. Iassavi, 2000.
* Podushkin 2010. “Sarmaty v Iuzhnom Kazakhstane” \[Sarmatians in southern Kazakhstan\]. In: Drevnie kul’tury Evrazii. Materially mezhdunarodnoi nauchnoi konferentsii, posviashchennoi 100-letiiu A. N. Bernshtama. Sankt-Peterburg: Institut istorii material’noi kul’tury RAN, 2010: 207–17.
* Podushkin 2013 ´(SLJUDÀFKHVNLH DUWHIDNW\ JRURGLVKFKD .XO·WREHµ \[Epigraphic artefacts of the Kul’tobe site\]. In: Sogdiitsy, ikh predshestvenniki i nasledniki. Trudy Gos. Ermitazha, T. LXII. Sankt-Peterburg: Gos. Ermitazh, 2013: 82–95.
* Podushkin 2015. “Siunnu v Iuzhnom Kazakhstane: arkheologicheskii i istoricheskii konteksty” \[Xiongnu in southern Kazakhstan: archaeological and historical contexts\]. In: Drevnie kul’tury Severnogo Kitaia, Mongolii i Baikal’skoi Sibiri. Materially VI mezhdunarodnoi nauchnoi konferentsii. T. II. Khukh-Khoto (China), 2015: 507–14.


title: Dondoli Mosque

abstract: Dondoli Mosque is a mosque built in the Sudanese architectural style in the village of Dondoli in Wa in the Upper West region in Ghana. It was named after the neighborhood the mosque is.

text:
# Dondoli Mosque

**Dondoli Mosque** is a mosque built in the Sudanese architectural style in the village of Dondoli in Wa in the Upper West region in Ghana. It was named after the neighborhood the mosque is.

## History

It was claimed a man called Karimafa who migrated from Mali to Wa built the mosque. It was claimed the mosque was used to be called Karimafa Mosque after the founder. It was claimed it was built in the 19th century. Most communities in the Northern part of Ghana are Muslim. In about the 10th century AD, Islam was said to enter Africa. It moved from Egypt to the Western and Southern parts along the gold trade routes.

In Ghana, Islamic traders, Mande warriors and other missionaries used these trade routes. Sometimes these routes were marked by the incursions by the Berber Dynasty. This played a major role for the spread of Islam in that area. Mosques were constructed to serve as resting points for some of these Islamic traders.

## Features

Like other mosques in Northern and Savannah Regions of Ghana, Dondoli Mosque is built in the traditional Sudanic-Sahelian architectural style, using local materials and construction techniques.

## InfoBox

| Dondoli Mosque | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Islam |
| Location | |
| Location | Wa, Upper West, Ghana |
| Architecture | |
| Type | mosque |
| Date established | 19th century |


title: Alchichica silverside

abstract: The Alchichica silverside is a species of neotropical silverside endemic to Lake Alchichica in Mexico. Poblana achichica measures up to 10 in. (25 cm). According to a 2001 book, information on its breeding habits are not widely known and its primary food source is small aquatic invertebrates. The threats to Poblana achichica are largemouth bass and the habitat destruction from people. This species was described by Don Fernando de Buen y Lozano in 1945 from a type locality of Lake Alchichica.

text:
# Alchichica silverside

The **Alchichica silverside** (*Poblana alchichica*) is a species of neotropical silverside endemic to Lake Alchichica in Mexico.

*Poblana achichica* measures up to 10 in. (25 cm). According to a 2001 book, information on its breeding habits are not widely known and its primary food source is small aquatic invertebrates. The threats to *Poblana achichica* are largemouth bass and the habitat destruction from people.

This species was described by Don Fernando de Buen y Lozano in 1945 from a type locality of Lake Alchichica.

## InfoBox

| Alchichica silverside | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Critically Endangered  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Atheriniformes |
| Family: | Atherinopsidae |
| Genus: | *Poblana* |
| Species: | ***P. alchichica*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Poblana alchichica***
F. de Buen, 1945 | |
|