title: 1998 ICC KnockOut Trophy

abstract: The 1998 ICC KnockOut trophy was a One Day International cricket tournament held in Bangladesh. It was the first tournament apart from the World Cups to involve all Test-playing nations. New Zealand defeated Zimbabwe in a pre-quarter-final match to qualify for the main knockout stage. Future editions of this tournament are now known as the ICC Champions Trophy. Appearing in their first major tournament final, South Africa defeated the West Indies in the final to win the event. This tournament was inaugurated on the basis of FIFA Confederations Cup where the best teams from their respected confederations compete against each other but in this case the top teams in the ICC ODI Championship compete with each other.

text:
# 1998 ICC KnockOut Trophy

The **1998 ICC KnockOut trophy** (officially known as **Wills International Cup**) was a One Day International cricket tournament held in Bangladesh. It was the first tournament apart from the World Cups to involve all Test-playing nations. New Zealand defeated Zimbabwe in a pre-quarter-final match to qualify for the main knockout stage. Future editions of this tournament are now known as the ICC Champions Trophy. Appearing in their first major tournament final, South Africa defeated the West Indies in the final to win the event. This tournament was inaugurated on the basis of FIFA Confederations Cup where the best teams from their respected confederations compete against each other but in this case the top teams in the ICC ODI Championship compete with each other.

## History

The ICC conceived the idea of a short cricket tournament to raise funds for the development of the game in non-test playing countries. The tournament, later dubbed as the mini-World Cup as it involved all of the full members of the ICC, was planned as a knock-out tournament so that it was short and did not reduce the value and importance of the World Cup.

## Venue

The ICC decided to award the tournament to Bangladesh to promote the game in that nation. Bangladesh did not participate as they were not a test playing nation at that time despite winning the 1997 ICC Trophy and qualifying for the 1999 Cricket World Cup. One of the worst ever floods of the region threatened to ruin the tournament. However, the tournament eventually went ahead and the Bangladesh Cricket Board promised to donate 10% of the gate money to the Prime Minister's Fund for flood relief.

## Fixtures

The tournament was held in a direct knock-out format and involved all of the test playing countries of the time. There were 9 countries eligible which meant that 2 countries would play a qualifier knockout to determine the final 8 teams. Initially, it was announced that the 9 teams would be ranked according to the 1996 Cricket World Cup seedings. However, the draw that was eventually released appeared to have been tweaked in favour of some of the teams with larger followings and saw New Zealand play Zimbabwe in order to qualify for the main draw.

## Squads

All nine Test cricket nations participated in the tournament. The teams could name a preliminary squad of 30, but only 14-man squads were permitted for the actual tournament, one month before the start of the tournament.

## Results

### Preliminary match

* New Zealand qualified for the main tournament as a result of winning this preliminary match

### Quarter-finals

---

---

---

### Semi-finals

The first semi-final was played between South Africa and Sri Lanka on 30 October 1998 in Dhaka. On the rainy day, the match was initially reduced to 39 overs per innings. South Africa batted first and scored 240 runs for 7 wickets. Jacques Kallis scored 113 not out runs from 100 balls. The second innings was further reduced by 5 overs and the revising target was 224 runs in 34 overs. Sri Lanka scored 132 all out in 23.1 overs. Sanath Jayasuriya was Sri Lanka's highest run-scorer with 22 runs. South Africa won the match by 92 runs applying the Duckworth–Lewis method. Kallis was awarded the man of the match for his performance.

West Indies played India in the second semi-final of the tournament on 31 October 1998 in Dhaka. India won the toss and decided to bat first. They scored 242 runs for 6 wickets in 50 overs, including Sourav Ganguly's 83 runs from 116 balls. Dillon finished with 3 wickets for 38 runs in 8 overs. West Indies started their innings aggressively, reaching 100 runs in 15 overs. They achieved the target in 47 overs losing 4 wickets. Shivnarine Chanderpaul scored 74 runs in the West Indian innings. Dillon was named the man of the match.

* The start of the match was delayed by rain and it was reduced to 39 overs a side.
* *Further rain during the innings interval resulted in the revised D/L target of 224 in 34 overs.*

---

### Final

The final of the inaugural edition was played between South Africa and West Indies on 1 November 1998 at Bangabandhu National Stadium, Dhaka. After losing the toss, West Indies were invited to bat, and scored 245 runs in 49.3 overs. Kallis took 5 wickets conceding 30 runs in 7.3 overs. South Africa achieved the target in 47 overs losing 6 wickets, with Hansie Cronje and Mike Rindel scoring 61 not out and 49 runs respectively. Kallis scored 37 runs, and was named the man of the match for his performance. He also received the man of the tournament award. With this victory, South Africa won the inaugural edition of the ICC KnockOut Trophy.

* South Africa won the toss and elected to field.
* This is the only senior ICC event won by South Africa to date.

## Statistics

### Team totals

#### Highest team totals

Highest team total *(250 plus)*
| Score <br>(Overs) | Country | Opponent | Venue | Date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 307/8 (50.0) | India | Australia | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 28 October 1998 |
| 289/9 (50.0) | West Indies | Pakistan | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 29 October 1998 |
| 283/4 (46.4) | South Africa | England | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 25 October 1998 |
| 281/7 (50.0) | England | South Africa | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 25 October 1998 |
| 263/10 (48.1) | Australia | India | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 28 October 1998 |
| 260/5 (50.0) | New Zealand | Zimbabwe | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 24 October 1998 |
| 259/9 (50.0) | Pakistan | West Indies | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 29 October 1998 |
| 258/7 (50.0) | Zimbabwe | New Zealand | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 24 October 1998 |

### Batting

#### Most runs in the tournament

Most runs in the tournament *(Top 5 players)*
| Player | Country |  |  | NO | Total | HS | Avg | S/R | 100s | 50s |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Philo Wallace | West Indies | 3 | 3 | 0 | 221 | 103 | 73.66 | 107.80 | 1 | 1 |
| Jacques Kallis | South Africa | 3 | 3 | 1 | 164 | 113\* | 82.00 | 95.34 | 1 | 0 |
| Shivnarine Chanderpaul | West Indies | 3 | 3 | 0 | 150 | 74 | 50.00 | 75.37 | 0 | 1 |
| Sachin Tendulkar | India | 2 | 2 | 0 | 149 | 141 | 74.50 | 104.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Hansie Cronje | South Africa | 3 | 3 | 1 | 148 | 67 | 74.00 | 90.79 | 0 | 2 |
| **Source**: Cricinfo | | | | | | | | | | |

#### Highest average in the tournament

Highest average in the tournament *(Top 5 players, minimum 50 runs)*
| Player | Country |  |  | NO | Total | HS | Avg | S/R | 100s | 50s |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Alistair Campbell | Zimbabwe | 1 | 1 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100.00 | 69.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Arjuna Ranatunga | Sri Lanka | 2 | 2 | 1 | 94 | 90\* | 94.00 | 75.80 | 0 | 1 |
| Jacques Kallis | South Africa | 3 | 3 | 1 | 164 | 113\* | 82.00 | 95.34 | 1 | 0 |
| Andy Flower | Zimbabwe | 1 | 1 | 0 | 77 | 77 | 77.00 | 96.25 | 0 | 1 |
| Robin Singh | India | 2 | 2 | 1 | 76 | 73\* | 76.00 | 116.92 | 0 | 1 |
| **Source**: Cricinfo | | | | | | | | | | |

#### Highest individual scores

Highest individual scores *(Top 5 players)*
| Player | Country | Runs | Balls | S/R | 4s | 6s | Opponent | Venue | Date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Sachin Tendulkar | India | 141 | 128 | 110.15 | 13 | 3 | Australia | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 28 October 1998 |
| Jacques Kallis | South Africa | 113\* | 100 | 113.00 | 5 | 5 | Sri Lanka | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 30 October 1998 |
| Philo Wallace | West Indies | 103 | 102 | 100.98 | 11 | 5 | South Africa | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 1 November 1998 |
| Alistair Campbell | Zimbabwe | 100 | 143 | 69.93 | 7 | 1 | New Zealand | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 24 October 1998 |
| Stephen Fleming | New Zealand | 96 | 130 | 73.84 | 3 | 1 | Zimbabwe | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 24 October 1998 |
| **Source**: Cricinfo | | | | | | | | | |

#### Highest partnerships

Highest partnerships *(Top 10)*
| Runs | Balls | RR | Wicket | Players | Country | Opponent | Venue | Date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 140 | 140 | 6.00 | 3rd | Rahul Dravid & Sachin Tendulkar | India | Australia | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 28 October 1998 |
| 132 | 114 | 6.94 | 4th | Ajay Jadeja & Sachin Tendulkar | India | Australia | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 28 October 1998 |
| 127 | 155 | 4.91 | 4th | Romesh Kaluwitharana & Arjuna Ranatunga | Sri Lanka | New Zealand | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 26 October 1998 |
| 125 | 147 | 5.10 | 4th | Stephen Fleming & Adam Parore | New Zealand | Zimbabwe | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 24 October 1998 |
| 118 | 165 | 4.29 | 4th | Alistair Campbell & Andy Flower | Zimbabwe | New Zealand | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 24 October 1998 |
| 117 | 97 | 7.23 | 4th | Hansie Cronje & Jonty Rhodes | South Africa | England | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 25 October 1998 |
| 113 | 116 | 5.84 | 1st | Daryll Cullinan & Michael Rindel | South Africa | England | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 25 October 1998 |
| 112 | 144 | 4.66 | 6th | Neil Fairbrother & Adam Hollioake | England | South Africa | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 25 October 1998 |
| 109 | 87 | 7.51 | 2nd | Shivnarine Chanderpaul & Philo Wallace | West Indies | Pakistan | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 29 October 1998 |
| 94 | 101 | 5.58 | 2nd | Ricky Ponting & Mark Waugh | Australia | India | Bangabandhu National Stadium | 28 October 1998 |
| **Source**: Cricinfo | | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

1998 ICC KnockOut Trophy
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Administrator(s) | International Cricket Council |
| Cricket format | One Day International |
| Tournament format(s) | Knockout |
| Host(s) | Bangladesh |
| Champions | South Africa (1st title) |
| Runners-up | West Indies |
| Participants | 9 |
| Matches | 8 |
| Player of the series | Jacques Kallis |
| Most runs | Philo Wallace (221) |
| Most wickets | Jacques Kallis (8) |
| Official website | ICC-Cricinfo Tournament website |
|


title: Beautiful Things (Ai song)

abstract: " "Beautiful Things" is a song recorded by Japanese-American singer-songwriter Ai, released on February 4, 2012, by EMI Music Japan as a promotional single from her ninth studio album, Independent. Written by Ai with additional writing credits from producer Rykeyz and composer Redd Stylez, the song served as the closing theme song for Berserk: The Golden Age Arc I: The Egg of the King.

text:
# Beautiful Things (Ai song)

"**Beautiful Things**" (ウツクシキモノ, *Utsukushiki Mono*) is a song recorded by Japanese-American singer-songwriter Ai, released on February 4, 2012, by EMI Music Japan as a promotional single from her ninth studio album, *Independent*. Written by Ai with additional writing credits from producer Rykeyz and composer Redd Stylez, the song served as the closing theme song for *Berserk: The Golden Age Arc I: The Egg of the King*.

## Background

In October 2011, it was revealed that an unreleased song by Ai, titled "Beautiful Things" would serve as the closing theme song for *Berserk: The Golden Age Arc I: The Egg of the King*. The song was Ai's first to be featured in a dark fantasy anime film and second in general to be featured in an anime, the first being her 2005 single "Crayon Beats" for *Crayon Shin-chan*. In order to properly write the song, Ai read the *Berserk* manga. She stated she was skeptical in reading the manga at first, but by volume 4, she "fell in love with it". While recording the song, Ai stated the song was the most challenging song she had recorded.

## Live performances and promotion

On January 19, 2012, Ai performed "Beautiful Things" at the completion event for the *Berserk* movie. Kendo Kobayashi, who was the voice of the main character, Bazuso, appeared with Ai dressed in medieval attire at the event. To further promote the song, Ai announced a karaoke event for the song on January 25, 2012, titled *Sing Beautiful Things Championship*. The winner of the event would be rewarded 100k and a chance to perform the song with Ai live at her Independent Tour 2012. The winner of the challenge was Akane Kiyose. Additionally with the Independent Tour 2012, Ai has performed the song at her The Best Tour (2016).

## Charts

Chart performance for "Beautiful Things"
| Chart (2012) | Peak<br>position |
| --- | --- |
| Japan Adult Contemporary Airplay (*Billboard Japan*) | 67 |
| Digital Track Chart (RIAJ) | 46 |
| Japan Hot Airplay (*Billboard Japan*) | 83 |

## Credits and personnel

Credits adapted from Tidal.

* Ai Uemura – vocals, songwriter
* Ryan "RyKeyz" Williamson – producer, composer, programming
* Sean "Redd Stylez" Fenton – composer

## Release history

Release history and formats for "Beautiful Things"
| Region | Date | Format | Label | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Japan | January 2012 | Radio airplay | EMI Music Japan |  |
| | February 4, 2012 | |  |  |

1. The RIAJ Digital Track Chart is a depreciated chart that ran from 2009 until early 2012 and tracked full-length cellphone downloads.

## InfoBox

| "Beautiful Things" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Promotional single by Ai | |
| from the album  *Independent* | |
| Language |  |
| Released | February 4, 2012 (2012-02-04) |
| Recorded | 2011 |
| Genre | Orchestral |
| Length | 4:45 |
| Label | EMI Music |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | Rykeyz |
|  | |
| Music video | |
| "Beautiful Things" on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: 1989 Five Nations Championship

abstract: The 1989 Five Nations Championship was the 60th series of the rugby union Five Nations Championship. Including the previous incarnations as the Home Nations and Five Nations, this was the 95th series of the northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Ten matches were played over five weekends between 21 January and 18 March. France won it with three wins and one defeat, while none of the other four teams was able to win the Triple Crown. England entered the final round of matches knowing that a win would give them at least a share of the championship, but were overturned in Cardiff as Wales scored their only victory of the season. Scotland also could have taken the championship had they won in France - even a draw would have been enough, thanks to England's defeat - but France won the game to seal the title.

text:
# 1989 Five Nations Championship

The **1989 Five Nations Championship** was the 60th series of the rugby union Five Nations Championship. Including the previous incarnations as the Home Nations and Five Nations, this was the 95th series of the northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Ten matches were played over five weekends between 21 January and 18 March. France won it with three wins and one defeat (against England), while none of the other four teams was able to win the Triple Crown. England entered the final round of matches knowing that a win would give them at least a share of the championship, but were overturned in Cardiff as Wales scored their only victory of the season. Scotland also could have taken the championship had they won in France - even a draw would have been enough, thanks to England's defeat - but France won the game to seal the title.

## Participants

The teams involved were:

| Nation | Venue | City | Head coach | Captain |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| England | Twickenham | London | Geoff Cooke | Will Carling |
| France | Parc des Princes | Paris | Jacques Fouroux | Pierre Berbizier |
| Ireland | Lansdowne Road | Dublin | Jim Davidson | Phillip Matthews |
| Scotland | Murrayfield | Edinburgh | Ian McGeechan | Finlay Calder |
| Wales | National Stadium | Cardiff | John Ryan | Paul Thorburn |

## Squads

## Table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | France | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 76 | 47 | +29 | 6 |
| 2 | England | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 48 | 27 | +21 | 5 |
| 2 | Scotland | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 75 | 59 | +16 | 5 |
| 4 | Ireland | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 64 | 92 | 28 | 2 |
| 4 | Wales | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 44 | 82 | 38 | 2 |

Source: Global Sports Archive

## Results

| Ireland | 21–26 | France |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Mullin
**Con:** Kiernan
**Pen:** Kiernan (5) |  | **Try:** Blanco
Lafond
Lagisquet (2)
**Con:** Lafond (2)
**Pen:** Lafond (2) |

| Scotland | 23–7 | Wales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Armstrong
Chalmers
White
**Con:** Dods
**Pen:** Dods (2)
**Drop:** Chalmers |  | **Try:** Hall
**Pen:** Bowen |

---

| Wales | 13–19 | Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Jones
**Pen:** Thorburn (3) |  | **Try:** Dean
Mannion
**Con:** Kiernan
**Pen:** Kiernan (3) |

| England | 12–12 | Scotland |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Pen:** Andrew (2)
Webb (2) |  | **Try:** Jeffrey
**Con:** Dods
**Pen:** Dods (2) |

* This is the first draw in the Five Nations since 1985 (Ireland 15–15 France)
* This is the first draw between England and Scotland since 1982
* England retained the Calcutta Cup

---

| France | 31–12 | Wales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Berbizier
Blanco (2)
Dintrans
**Con:** Lafond (3)
**Pen:** Lafond (2)
**Drop:** Mesnel |  | **Pen:** Thorburn (4) |

| Ireland | 3–16 | England |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Pen:** Kiernan |  | **Try:** Moore
Richards
**Con:** Andrew
**Pen:** Andrew (2) |

---

| Scotland | 37–21 | Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Cronin
Jeffrey
Tukalo (3)
**Con:** Dods (4)
**Pen:** Dods (3) |  | **Try:** Dunlea
Mullin (2)
**Con:** Kiernan (3)
**Pen:** Kiernan |

| England | 11–0 | France |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Carling
Robinson
**Pen:** Andrew |  |  |

---

| France | 19–3 | Scotland |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Berbizier
Blanco
Lagisquet
**Con:** Bérot (2)
**Pen:** Bérot |  | **Pen:** Dods |

| Wales | 12–9 | England |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Hall
**Con:** Thorburn
**Pen:** Thorburn (2) |  | **Pen:** Andrew (2)
**Drop:** Andrew |

## InfoBox

| 1989 Five Nations Championship | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | 21 January – 18 March 1989 |
| Countries | England
Ireland
France
Scotland
Wales |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Champions | France (9th title) |
| Matches played | 10 |
| Tries scored | 28 (2.8 per match) |
| Top point scorer(s) | Michael Kiernan (37 points) |
| Top try scorer(s) | Serge Blanco (4 tries) |
| 1988 (Previous) (Next) 1990 | |


title: 2019 Lewes District Council election

abstract: The 2019 Lewes District Council election was held on 2 May 2019 to elect members of Lewes District Council in England. It took place on the same day as other district council elections in the United Kingdom. Before the 2019 election, the Council was composed of 20 Conservatives, nine Liberal Democrats, three Greens and nine Independents. To take control of the council, 21 councillors out of 41 would be needed. Although the council remained under no overall control, the Conservatives remained the largest party with 19 councillors. The Green Party won the popular vote.

text:
# 2019 Lewes District Council election

The **2019 Lewes District Council election** was held on 2 May 2019 to elect members of Lewes District Council in England. It took place on the same day as other district council elections in the United Kingdom.

Before the 2019 election, the Council was composed of 20 Conservatives, nine Liberal Democrats, three Greens and nine Independents. To take control of the council, 21 councillors out of 41 would be needed. Although the council remained under no overall control, the Conservatives remained the largest party with 19 councillors. The Green Party won the popular vote.

## Council composition

**After** the previous election the composition of the council was:

| **24** | **11** | **3** | **2** | **1** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Con** | **LD** | **G** | **I** | **UKIP** |

**Prior to** the election the composition of the council was:

| **20** | **9** | **9** | **3** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Con** | **LD** | **I** | **G** |

**After** the election the composition of the council was:

| **19** | **9** | **8** | **3** | **2** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Con** | **G** | **LD** | **Lab** | **I** |

Following the elections, a coalition between the Greens, Lib Dems, Labour and two Independent councillors took charge, ending eight years of Conservative administration. Zoe Nicholson, leader of the Greens, became the leader of the council, while James MacCleary, leader of the Lib Dems, became the deputy leader. They alternated holding the roles of leader and deputy leader each year until the following election in 2023.

## Summary

### Election result

| 2019 Lewes District Council election | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Candidates | Seats | Gains | Losses | Net gain/loss | Seats % | Votes % | Votes | +/− |
|  | Conservative | 41 | **19** | 1 | 5 | 5 | 46.3 | 27.1 | 16,683 | –7.4 |
|  | Green | 39 | **9** | 6 | 0 | 6 | 22.0 | 27.9 | 17,169 | +17.4 |
|  | Liberal Democrats | 30 | **8** | 0 | 4 | 3 | 19.5 | 22.5 | 13,583 | –1.3 |
|  | Labour | 26 | **3** | 3 | 0 | 3 | 7.3 | 10.5 | 6,455 | –0.5 |
|  | Independent | 11 | **2** | 0 | 1 |  | 4.9 | 10.1 | 6,212 | +3.6 |
|  | UKIP | 5 | **0** | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 1,261 | –11.6 |

## Ward results

Sitting councillors are marked with an asterisk (\*).

### Chailey, Barcombe & Hamsey

Chailey, Barcombe & Hamsey (2 seats)
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Sharon Davy *** | **706** | **45.2** |  |
|  | **Conservative** | **Isabelle Linington** | **639** | **40.9** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Peter Edward Spain | 389 | 24.9 |  |
|  | Green | Holly Atkins | 375 | 24.0 |  |
|  | Green | Brenda Barnes | 343 | 21.9 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Michael James Percy | 340 | 21.8 |  |
|  | Labour | Nicholas George Belcher | 129 | 8.3 |  |
|  | Labour | Jack Curham | 102 | 6.5 |  |
| Turnout | | | 1,580 | 40.3 |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

### Ditchling & Westmeston

Ditchling & Westmeston
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Tom Jones *** | **455** | **47.7** | **–19.3** |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Vicky Byrne | 384 | 40.1 | +23.3 |
|  | Green | Anthony Shuster | 119 | 12.4 | +1.9 |
| Majority | | | 71 | 7.4 | –42.8 |
| Turnout | | | 966 | 47.2 |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

### East Saltdean & Telscombe Cliffs

East Saltdean & Telscombe Cliffs (3 seats)
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Christine Sandra Robinson** | **786** | **37.4** |  |
|  | **Conservative** | **Ron Maskell *** | **747** | **35.5** |  |
|  | **Labour** | **Laurence O'Connor** | **721** | **34.3** |  |
|  | Conservative | Andy Smith * | 692 | 32.9 |  |
|  | Conservative | Cathy Smith | 672 | 32.0 |  |
|  | Green | Helen Thoms | 621 | 29.5 |  |
|  | Independent | Wayne Colin Botting * | 438 | 20.8 |  |
|  | Independent | Cathy Neave | 382 | 18.2 |  |
|  | Independent | David Neave | 328 | 15.6 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Charles Robert Boxer | 316 | 15.0 |  |
| Turnout | | | 2,132 | 37.5 |  |
|  | Labour **gain** from Conservative | | | | |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | | | |
|  | Labour **gain** from Conservative | | | | |

### Kingston

Kingston
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **William David Meyer** | **424** | **51.8** | **+7.4** |
|  | Conservative | Susan Chowen | 191 | 23.3 | –9.3 |
|  | Green | Dirk Campbell | 148 | 18.1 | –4.8 |
|  | Labour | David Michael Hallett | 56 | 6.8 | *N/A* |
| Majority | | | 233 | 28.4 | +16.6 |
| Turnout | | | 830 | 51.9 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

### Lewes Bridge

Lewes Bridge (2 seats)
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Green** | **Zoe Nicholson** | **929** | **50.0** |  |
|  | **Green** | **Adrian Ross** | **810** | **43.6** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Janet Baah | 733 | 39.5 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | John Tregea Lamb | 609 | 32.8 |  |
|  | Labour | Matt Kent | 216 | 11.6 |  |
|  | Labour | Joy Beverley Mercer | 175 | 9.4 |  |
|  | Conservative | Frances Tufnell | 165 | 8.9 |  |
|  | Conservative | Colin French | 152 | 8.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 1,931 | 50.2 |  |
|  | Green **hold** | | | | |
|  | Green **gain** from Liberal Democrats | | | | |

### Lewes Castle

Lewes Castle (2 seats)
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Green** | **Milly Manley** | **630** | **42.4** |  |
|  | **Green** | **Roy Clay** | **560** | **37.7** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Oli Henman | 482 | 32.5 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Kate Wood | 437 | 29.4 |  |
|  | Labour | Emily Jane Clarke | 370 | 24.9 |  |
|  | Labour | Louis Robert Blair | 194 | 13.1 |  |
|  | Independent | Susan Jean Murray * | 139 | 9.4 |  |
|  | Conservative | Rosemarie Jeffery | 92 | 6.2 |  |
|  | Conservative | Karen French | 90 | 6.1 |  |
| Turnout | | | 1,509 |  |  |
|  | Green **hold** | | | | |
|  | Green **gain** from Liberal Democrats | | | | |

### Lewes Priory

Lewes Priory (3 seats)
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Ruth O'Keeffe *** | **2,041** | **58.3** |  |
|  | **Green** | **Imogen Makepeace** | **1,445** | **41.3** |  |
|  | **Green** | **Matthew Bird** | **1,318** | **37.6** |  |
|  | Green | James Herbert | 1,087 | 31.0 |  |
|  | Independent | Graham John Mayhew | 930 | 26.6 |  |
|  | Independent | Stephen Alfred Catlin * | 834 | 23.8 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Joyce Dixon Bell | 597 | 17.1 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Kevin James West | 504 | 14.4 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | David Jan Stechler | 421 | 12.0 |  |
|  | Labour | Paul Grivell | 227 | 6.5 |  |
|  | Labour | Trevor Hugh Hopper | 225 | 6.4 |  |
|  | Labour | Tony Adams | 212 | 6.1 |  |
|  | Conservative | Jane Slater | 140 | 4.0 |  |
|  | Conservative | David Charnock | 128 | 3.7 |  |
|  | Conservative | Tam Large | 85 | 2.4 |  |
| Turnout | | | 3,520 | 58.4 |  |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | | |
|  | Green **hold** | | | | |
|  | Green **gain** from Independent | | | | |

### Newhaven North

Newhaven North (2 seats)
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Steve Saunders *** | **393** | **34.9** |  |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Julie Lynn Carr *** | **311** | **27.6** |  |
|  | Independent | Paula Bridget Woolven | 305 | 27.1 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Charlie Carr | 280 | 24.9 |  |
|  | Conservative | Tony Bradbury | 269 | 23.9 |  |
|  | Conservative | Bill Giles | 239 | 21.2 |  |
|  | Green | Nisha Vesuwala | 118 | 10.5 |  |
|  | Green | David John Keymer Hoare | 110 | 9.8 |  |
|  | Labour | Steve Floor | 107 | 9.5 |  |
| Turnout | | | 1,156 | 30.9 |  |
|  | Independent **win** (new seat) | | | | |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

### Newhaven South

Newhaven South (3 seats)
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Graham Roger Amy *** | **751** | **54.1** |  |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Christoph David Kurty** | **628** | **45.3** |  |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **James Neville MacCleary** | **609** | **43.9** |  |
|  | Labour | Jan Wooding | 322 | 23.2 |  |
|  | Conservative | Peter Charlton | 261 | 18.8 |  |
|  | Green | Annabella Ashby | 257 | 18.5 |  |
|  | Green | Elaine Bolt | 251 | 18.1 |  |
|  | Conservative | Dave Argent | 215 | 15.5 |  |
|  | Conservative | Linda Wallraven | 212 | 15.3 |  |
|  | Green | Martin O'Brien | 210 | 15.1 |  |
| Turnout | | | 1,442 | 28.7 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

### Newick

Newick
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Roy Burman** | **443** | **57.0** | **–8.2** |
|  | Liberal Democrats | James Guy Earl | 156 | 20.1 | –6.7 |
|  | Green | Susan Jappie | 135 | 17.4 | +9.4 |
|  | Labour | Jo Chamberlain | 56 | 5.5 | *N/A* |
| Majority | | | 287 | 36.9 | –1.5 |
| Turnout | | | 792 | 39.5 |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

### Ouse Valley & Ringmer

Ouse Valley & Ringmer (3 seats)
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Green** | **Johnny Denis** | **1,447** | **63.3** |  |
|  | **Green** | **Emily O'Brien** | **1,135** | **49.7** |  |
|  | **Green** | **Sean Macleod** | **1,023** | **44.8** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Chris Bowers | 599 | 26.2 |  |
|  | Conservative | Richard Turner * | 520 | 22.7 |  |
|  | Conservative | Clare Herbert | 518 | 22.7 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Victoria Jane Vincent | 504 | 22.0 |  |
|  | Conservative | David Terry | 498 | 21.8 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Malcolm Lawrence Welsh | 468 | 20.5 |  |
|  | Labour | Derek Roger Brown | 104 | 4.5 |  |
|  | Labour | Peter Stephen Hambly | 94 | 4.1 |  |
| Turnout | | | 2,312 | 46.7 |  |
|  | Green **gain** from Liberal Democrats | | | | |
|  | Green **gain** from Conservative | | | | |
|  | Green **gain** from Conservative | | | | |

### Peacehaven East

Peacehaven East (2 seats)
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Lynda Margaret Duhigg** | **426** | **42.1** |  |
|  | **Labour** | **Chris Collier** | **376** | **37.1** |  |
|  | Conservative | Nigel David Enever * | 352 | 34.7 |  |
|  | Labour | Alan Alfred Milliner | 330 | 32.6 |  |
|  | UKIP | Deborah Holt | 207 | 20.4 |  |
|  | Green | Sylvie Bouhier | 186 | 18.4 |  |
|  | Green | Lesley Orr | 164 | 16.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 1,029 | 25.4 |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | | | |
|  | Labour **gain** from Conservative | | | | |

### Peacehaven North

Peacehaven North (2 seats)
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Phil Davis** | **454** | **45.5** |  |
|  | **Conservative** | **Keira Dawn Rigden** | **448** | **44.9** |  |
|  | Labour | Dawn Paul | 278 | 27.9 |  |
|  | Green | Katie Hawks | 207 | 20.8 |  |
|  | UKIP | Ian Buchanan | 193 | 19.4 |  |
|  | Green | Rikki Begley | 158 | 15.8 |  |
| Turnout | | | 1,004 | 27.0 |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | | | |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | | | |

### Peacehaven West

Peacehaven West (2 seats)
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Joe Miller** | **329** | **35.0** |  |
|  | **Conservative** | **Nicola Kim Papanicolaou** | **323** | **34.4** |  |
|  | Independent | Lyn Mills | 270 | 28.8 |  |
|  | UKIP | Phil Howson | 233 | 24.8 |  |
|  | Green | Marisa Guthrie | 222 | 23.6 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Danny Zac Stephenson | 209 | 22.3 |  |
|  | Green | Debra Vice-Holt | 164 | 17.5 |  |
|  | Independent | Robbie Robertson * | 152 | 16.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 964 | 25.7 |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | | | |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | | | |

### Plumpton, Streat, East Chiltington & St John (Without)

Plumpton, Streat, East Chiltington & St John (Without)
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Robert Alan Banks** | **617** | **65.8** | **+21.6** |
|  | Conservative | Stephen Morris | 215 | 22.9 | –18.2 |
|  | Green | Brendan Carroll | 79 | 8.4 | –6.3 |
|  | Labour | Frank David Forman | 27 | 2.9 | *N/A* |
| Majority | | | 402 | 42.9 | +39.8 |
| Turnout | | | 949 | 54.6 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

### Seaford Central

Seaford Central (2 seats)
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Stephen John Gauntlett *** | **575** | **46.0** |  |
|  | **Conservative** | **Geoff Rutland** | **435** | **34.8** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Maggie Wearmouth | 393 | 31.4 |  |
|  | Labour Co-op | Penny Lower | 371 | 29.7 |  |
|  | Conservative | Bill Webb | 340 | 27.2 |  |
|  | Green | Veronica Sanz | 219 | 17.5 |  |
|  | Green | Johannes Hirn | 204 | 16.3 |  |
| Turnout | | | 1,286 | 33.4 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **hold** | | | | |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | | | |

### Seaford East

Seaford East (2 seats)
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Phil Boorman** | **651** | **46.6** |  |
|  | **Conservative** | **Julian Peterson *** | **631** | **45.2** |  |
|  | Green | Mary De Pleave | 353 | 25.3 |  |
|  | UKIP | Pete Leeming | 332 | 23.8 |  |
|  | UKIP | Eric Woodward | 296 | 21.2 |  |
|  | Green | Steven Guthrie | 265 | 19.0 |  |
|  | Labour Co-op | Alun Gwyn Tlusty-Sheen | 264 | 18.9 |  |
| Turnout | | | 1,418 | 36.7 |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | Swing |  |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

### Seaford North

Seaford North (2 seats)
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Jim Lord** | **505** | **41.7** |  |
|  | **Conservative** | **Sylvia Lord** | **472** | **39.0** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Morag Everden | 400 | 33.1 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Nazish Adil | 381 | 31.5 |  |
|  | Green | Rebecca Francomb | 308 | 25.5 |  |
|  | Labour | Graham Andrew Coates Lower | 184 | 15.2 |  |
|  | Green | Rachel Fryer | 169 | 14.0 |  |
| Turnout | | | 1,260 | 31.1 |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | | | |
|  | Conservative **gain** from Liberal Democrats | | | | |

### Seaford South

Seaford South (2 seats)
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Sam Adeniji *** | **598** | **42.7** |  |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Christine Anne Brett** | **588** | **42.0** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Olivia Honeyman * | 581 | 41.5 |  |
|  | Conservative | Chris Sumners | 496 | 35.5 |  |
|  | Labour | Christine Mary Platford | 208 | 14.9 |  |
|  | Green | Geoffrey Cox | 182 | 13.0 |  |
|  | Green | Richard Ford | 175 | 12.5 |  |
| Turnout | | | 1,429 | 40.2 |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | | | |
|  | Liberal Democrats **hold** | | | | |

### Seaford West

Seaford West (2 seats)
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Ian White** | **769** | **56.4** |  |
|  | **Conservative** | **Liz Boorman** | **749** | **55.0** |  |
|  | Green | Zoe Ford | 566 | 41.5 |  |
|  | Green | Michael McCoy | 365 | 26.8 |  |
|  | Labour | John Edward Edson | 321 | 23.6 |  |
| Turnout | | | 1,408 | 36.6 |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | | | |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | | | |

### Wivelsfield

Wivelsfield
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Nancy Bikson** | **361** | **56.4** | ***N/A*** |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Iantha Kirkup | 167 | 26.1 | *N/A* |
|  | Green | Patti Broome | 112 | 17.5 | *N/A* |
| Majority | | | 194 | 30.3 | *N/A* |
| Turnout | | | 645 | 32.2 |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

## Changes 2019–2023

In March 2020, Sean Macleod resigned from the Green Party, joining the Liberal Democrats in June 2020.

### Seaford East

Seaford East: 6 May 2021
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Richard Turner** | **820** | **47.5** | **+0.9** |
|  | Green | James Meek | 452 | 26.2 | +0.9 |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Pinky Adil | 347 | 20.1 | *N/A* |
|  | Labour Co-op | Ann Biddle | 109 | 6.3 | −12.6 |
| Majority | | | 368 | 21.3 |  |
| Turnout | | | 1,728 | 44.76 |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

### Seaford West

Seaford West: 6 May 2021
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Linda Wallraven** | **1,028** | **56.3** | **−0.1** |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Olivia Honeyman | 401 | 22.0 | *N/A* |
|  | Green | Gemma McFarlane | 277 | 15.2 | −26.3 |
|  | Labour | Chris Purser | 120 | 6.6 | −17.0 |
| Majority | | | 627 | 34.3 |  |
| Turnout | | | 1,826 | 47.96 |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | | | |

### Peacehaven West

Peacehaven West: 12 May 2022
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Ciarron Clarkson** | **641** | **54.2** | ***New*** |
|  | Conservative | Katie Sanderson | 477 | 40.4 | +5.4 |
|  | Green | Holly Atkins | 32 | 2.7 | −20.9 |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Elizabeth Lee | 32 | 2.7 | −19.6 |
| Majority | | | 164 | 13.8 | *N/A* |
| Turnout | | | 1,182 | 32.0 | +6.3 |
|  | Labour **gain** from Conservative | | Swing | *N/A* |  |

## InfoBox

2019 Lewes District Council election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| ---  All 41 seats to Lewes District Council
21 seats needed for a majority | |
| First party Second party Third party   Party Conservative Green Liberal Democrats  Last election 24 seats, 34.5% 3 seats, 10.5% 11 seats, 23.8%  Seats won **19** 9 8  Seat change  5  6  3  Popular vote 16,683 **17,169** 13,583  Percentage 27.1% **27.9%** 22.5%  Swing  7.4%  17.4%  1.3%   ---  Fourth party Fifth party   Party Labour Independent  Last election 0 seats, 11.0% 2 seats, 6.5%  Seats won 3 2  Seat change  3   Popular vote 6,455 6,212  Percentage 10.5% 10.1%  Swing  0.5%  3.6% | |
| ---  Winner of each seat at the 2019 Lewes District Council election | |
| ---  **Council control before election**
No overall control
 **Council control after election**
No overall control
 | |


title: Figline Valdarno railway station

abstract: The railway station of Figline Valdarno serves the Tuscan town of Figline Valdarno. The station situated on the Florence–Rome railway line, 40 km from Florence, on the stretch between Florence and Arezzo. It is mostly used by commuters coming from Figline Valdarno, Reggello and Pian di Scò going to Florence. Figline Valdarno railway station is the seventeenth station of Tuscany. The freight yard is no longer used and the buildings are let to members of the public or used for stocking equipment for line maintenance. The tracks of the freight yard are also used for keeping line maintenance machinery. The nearest freight yard still operating is San Giovanni Valdarno. There are many monitors displaying train departures and arrivals. The station has two automatic ticket machines and two drink and snack dispensers. The ticket office is open from 6:20 am to 7:40 pm. The station also has a waiting room.

text:
# Figline Valdarno railway station

The railway station of **Figline Valdarno** serves the Tuscan town of Figline Valdarno. The station situated on the Florence–Rome railway line, 40 km from Florence, on the stretch between Florence and Arezzo. It is mostly used by commuters coming from Figline Valdarno, Reggello and Pian di Scò going to Florence.

Figline Valdarno railway station is the seventeenth station (for number of passengers, architectural value of the station etc.) of Tuscany.

The freight yard is no longer used and the buildings are let to members of the public or used for stocking equipment for line maintenance. The tracks of the freight yard are also used for keeping line maintenance machinery. The nearest freight yard still operating is San Giovanni Valdarno.

There are many monitors (two in the station, two for the platforms 2 and 3, one in the subway) displaying train departures and arrivals.

The station has two automatic ticket machines and two drink and snack dispensers. The ticket office is open from 6:20 am to 7:40 pm. The station also has a waiting room.

## Services

The station is situated near the connection with the "direttissima" (high speed track). One train an hour passes on the direttissima without stopping. It arrives in Florence in less than 20 minutes. The other trains pass from the slow line via Pontassieve.

All regional trains stop at the station.

The first train arrives at 5.12 in the morning and the last one leaves the station at 23.56.

Outside the station (piazza della repubblica side) there is also a taxi service with numbers displayed on posters outside the station.

The station is part of the Memorario project which provide a regular timetable.

### Northbound

* Minute **03**: trains going to Florence via Pontassieve calling in all stations.
* Minute **20**: trains going to Florence via high speed line with no intermediate stops.
* Minute **29**: trains going to Prato or continue to Pistoia calling in all stations.
* Minute **42**: trains going to Florence via Pontassieve calling in all stations except Combiobbi and Firenze Rovezzano.

### Southbound

## Station layout

The station has four platforms with station-roofs, connected by a subway. Platform 1 is used for trains that terminate in Figline or interchanges. The trains going to Florence use platform 2 while platform 3 is used for trains going to Arezzo. Platform 4 is used for interregional trains towards Perugia, Foligno and Rome. The line on which the station is situated is electrified.

Tracks
| 1 | Florence-Rome railway line | Used for train interchange |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2 | Florence-Rome railway line | To Florence, Prato, Pistoia |
| 3 | Florence-Rome railway line | To Montevarchi, Arezzo, Chiusi |
| 4 | Florence-Rome railway line | To Foligno, Rome |

## Adjacent stations

## History

The station was opened in 1863 by the Roman Railway Company with the opening of the Pontassieve-Montevarchi. A few years later the line was extended Terontola. The main building of the station is the original structure dating back to 1863 and avoided destruction in World War II . Until the second half of the twentieth century only platform 1 existed, the other tracks didn't have a platform. Also the station roof and the subway was built later. Platform 4 was built when the "direttisima" high speed line arrived in Figline in 1986.

## Bus connections

Nearby the station (in via della Vetreria, Piazza della Repubblica side), there is the bus terminal. This terminal is used to connect towns unreachable by rail. The service is operated by Etruria Mobilità for the Province of Arezzo (Pian di Scò, Castelfranco di Sopra, Loro Ciuffenna) Autolinee del Chianti e del Valdarno for the Province of Florence (Reggello, Lucolena, San Polo in Chianti, Vallombrosa ).

### Summer

### Winter

* **Edoardo Mori**, *In treno da Roma a Firenze, storia di più di un secolo di costruzioni ferroviarie* (On the train from Rome to Florence over a century railway construction), *Calosci Editore Cortona*.

## InfoBox

| Figline Valdarno | |
| --- | --- |
| Figline Valdarno railway station | |
| General information | |
| Location | Piazza della Repubblica 2
Figline Valdarno, Florence, Tuscany
Italy |
| Coordinates | 43°37′18″N 11°28′24″E / 43.62167°N 11.47333°E / 43.62167; 11.47333 |
| Elevation | 126 above sea level |
| Operated by | Rete Ferroviaria Italiana |
| Line(s) | Florence - Rome |
| Distance | 41 km |
| Platforms | 4 |
| Train operators | Trenitalia |
| Connections | * Etruria Mobilità and Autolinee del Chianti e del Valdarno buses |
| Other information | |
| Classification | Silver |
| History | |
| Opened | 8 April 1863 (1863-04-08) |
| Electrified | 1935 |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location  Figline ValdarnoLocation in TuscanyFigline ValdarnoLocation in Italy | |


title: 1989 Dow Classic – Doubles

text:
# 1989 Dow Classic – Doubles

Larisa Savchenko and Natasha Zvereva were the defending champions and won in the final 7–5, 5–7, 6–0 against Leila Meskhi and Svetlana Parkhomenko.

## Seeds

Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated. The top four seeded teams received byes into the second round.

1. **Larisa Savchenko** /  **Natasha Zvereva (champions)**
2. Betsy Nagelsen /  Janine Tremelling *(second round)*
3. Elise Burgin /  Rosalyn Fairbank *(quarterfinals)*
4. Manon Bollegraf /  Lise Gregory *(semifinals)*
5. Claudia Kohde-Kilsch /  Claudia Porwik *(first round)*
6. Penny Barg /  Ronni Reis *(second round)*
7. Sandy Collins /  Jill Smoller *(quarterfinals)*
8. Camille Benjamin /  Terry Phelps *(first round)*

## Draw

### Key

### Final

### Top half

### Bottom half

## InfoBox

| Doubles | |
| --- | --- |
| 1989 Dow Classic | |
| 1988 Champions | Larisa Savchenko
Natasha Zvereva |
| Champions | Larisa Savchenko
Natasha Zvereva |
| Runners-up | Meredith McGrath
Pam Shriver |
| Score | 7–5, 5–7, 6–0 |


title: Basile Panurgias

abstract: Basile Panurgias is a French writer. He was born in Paris in 1967. He studied art history before devoting himself to writing. He is the author of several novels, among them Soho, Perdre le nord and Le Pinkie-Pinkie. He has authored other books like Le Doute, L'inconnue de la Factory, Le rire de Pékin and many others. Panurgias has lived in New York, London, and Copenhagen.

text:
# Basile Panurgias

**Basile Panurgias** is a French writer. He was born in Paris in 1967. He studied art history before devoting himself to writing. He is the author of several novels, among them *Soho*, *Perdre le nord* (nominated for the 2016 European Book Prize) and *Le Pinkie-Pinkie* (nominated for the Prix de Flore). He has authored other books like Le Doute, L'inconnue de la Factory, Le rire de Pékin and many others.

Panurgias has lived in New York, London, and Copenhagen.


title: 2004 TNA World X Cup Tournament

abstract: The TNA 2004 World X Cup Tournament was an X Division tournament that was hosted by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling. It was the successor to America's X Cup Tournament.

text:
# 2004 TNA World X Cup Tournament

The **TNA 2004 World X Cup Tournament** was an X Division tournament that was hosted by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling. It was the successor to America's X Cup Tournament.

## History

America's X Cup Tournament was used somewhat as a preview for the World X Cup Tournament. America's X Cup featured four Teams: Team USA (representing the National Wrestling Alliance/Total Nonstop Action Wrestling), Team Canada, Team Mexico (representing AAA), and Team Britain. The concept of America's X Cup was that it was to be defended by Team USA against challengers from around the world. In an upsetting turn of events for Team USA, Team Mexico virtually dominated the international competition and ended up being the eventual winners of America's X Cup.

## Rules

The competition is divided into four rounds.

* In Round One, there will be a gauntlet involving all 16 wrestlers. The winner gets three points for their respective team. The runner-up gets one point for their respective team.
* In Round Two, there are two tag team matches. The winners get two points for their respective teams.
* In Round Three, there will be a Ladder match involving 1 member from each team. The winner gets four points for their respective teams.
* In Round Four, there will be an Ultimate X match involving 1 member from the top 3 teams. (The team in last place is eliminated). The winner gets five points for their respective team.
* In the event of a tie, the captains of the two teams will compete in a singles match in order to determine the champion.

## Teams and Members

## Preview Matches

## Results

### Round One (The Gauntlet) - 3 Points

### Round Two (Tag Team Matches) - 2 Points

### Round Three (Ladder Match) - 4 Points

### Round Four (Ultimate X Match) - 5 Points

## Standings

| Standings | Team | Points |
| --- | --- | --- |
| First | Team TNA | 8 |
| Second | Team Canada | 4 |
| Third | Team Mexico | 3 |
| Fourth | Team Japan | 2 |

## World X Cup Events

The World X Cup Tournament began almost immediately after Team AAA was decisively victorious in America's X Cup Tournament. Team Britain departed from TNA after America's X Cup ended, and Team Japan was brought in to fill the gap. Several Team changes were also made during the World X Cup. Team Mexico's Captain, Juventud Guerrera, was released from TNA after an in-ring accident involving Team USA's Captain, Jerry Lynn. Hector Garza took Guerrera's place as the Team Captain during the end of America's X Cup and the entire duration of the World X Cup. Jack Evans and Teddy Hart both departed from TNA. Jack Evans' departure was due to TNA and Ring of Honor cutting ties in 2004 amidst Rob Feinstein's pedophilia scandal, while Teddy Hart was released from the company following an altercation at a restaurant with CM Punk stemming from an ROH show, where Sabu had to separate the two. Teddy, the former captain of Team Canada, was replaced by Eric Young, while Jack Evans would be replaced by Bobby Roode. In addition, Petey Williams would be named the new captain of Team Canada by their "coach", Scott D'Amore

Despite a strong showing from Team Mexico during America's X Cup events, Team USA enjoyed the majority of the success during the World X Cup. Team Japan was eventually eliminated from the tournament and it came down to the United States vs. Canada vs. Mexico in an Ultimate X match. Representing Team Canada was "The Canadian Destroyer" Captain Petey Williams. Representing Team Mexico was Captain Hector Garza. Despite the fact that both Canada and Mexico used their Team Captains for the Ultimate X match, Team USA was represented by Captain Jerry Lynn's hand-picked selection, Chris Sabin. This proved to be a wise decision for Team USA, as Sabin was able to defeat Williams and Garza and win the World X Cup Tournament for Team USA and the NWA/TNA.

## InfoBox

2004 World X Cup
| TNA 2004 World X Cup Tournament | |
| --- | --- |
| Tournament details | |
| Host country | United States |
| Teams | 4 |
| Venue(s) | 1 |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | United States (1st title) |
| Runners-up | Canada |
| Third place | Mexico |
| Fourth place | Japan |
|


title: 1963 Bathurst 100

abstract:
The 1963 Bathurst 100 was a motor race which was staged at the Mount Panorama Circuit, Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia on 15 April 1963.
It was organised by the Australian Racing Drivers Club Ltd.
The race was open to Racing Cars, Formula Junior cars and invited Sports Cars and was contested over a distance of 100 miles. The race was won by Lex Davison driving a Cooper T62.

text:
# 1963 Bathurst 100

The **1963 Bathurst 100** was a motor race which was staged at the Mount Panorama Circuit, Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia on 15 April 1963. It was organised by the Australian Racing Drivers Club Ltd. The race was open to Racing Cars, Formula Junior cars and invited Sports Cars and was contested over a distance of 100 miles.

The race was won by Lex Davison driving a Cooper T62.

## Results

| Pos. | Driver | No. | Car | Entrant | Class | Class pos. | Laps | Time | Comment | Grid Pos. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Lex Davison | 4 | Cooper T62 Coventry Climax | Ecurie Australie | Over 1500cc | 1 | 26 | 66:05.0 |  | 1 |
| 2 | Tony Shelly | 3 | Cooper T53 Coventry Climax | Ecurie Australie | Over 1500cc | 2 | 24 | 66:14.1 |  | 3 |
| 3 | Charlie Smith | 6 | Elfin Ford | C. G. Smith | Up to 1500cc | 1 |  | 67:37.1 |  | 6 |
| 4 | Doug Kelley | 60 | Cooper T41 Coventry Climax | D. J. Kelley | Up to 1500cc | 2 |  | 68:52.6 |  | 9 |
| ? | Les Howard | 15 | Lotus 11 Coventry Climax | Howard & Sons Racing Team | Up to 1500cc | 3 |  | 66:44.5 |  | 14 |
| ? | Greville Edgerton | 45 | Cooper T38 Jaguar | G. Edgerton | Over 1500cc | 3 |  | 67:19.2 |  | 11 |
| DNF | David McKay | 1 | Repco Brabham BT4 Coventry Climax | Scuderia Veloce | Over 1500cc | - | 9 |  | Overheating | 2 |
| DNF | Ralph Sach | 34 | Nota Din Holden | Reilly Brothers Engineering Pty. Ltd. | Over 1500cc | - | 0 |  | Head gasket | 15 |
| DNS | Frank Matich | 87 | Lotus 19 Coventry Climax |  | Over 1500cc | - | - |  |  | 4 |
| DNS | Bill Patterson | 9 | Cooper T53 Coventry Climax | Bill Patterson Motors Pty. Ltd. | Over 1500cc | - | - |  |  | 5 |
| DNS | Ian Geoghegan | 8 | Lotus 22 Ford | Total Team | Up to 1500cc | - | - |  |  | 7 |
| DNS | Lionel Ayers | 111 | Lotus 20 Ford | Motor Racing Components | Up to 1500cc | - | - |  |  | 8 |
| DNS | Tom Corcoran | 2 | Lola Mk 2 Ford s/c | T. Corcoran | Up to 1500cc | - | - |  |  | 10 |
| DNS | Barry Collerson | 21 | Jolus Hillman | J. McGuire | Up to 1500cc | - | - |  |  | 12 |
| DNS | Ken Milburn | 23 | Lotus 20 Ford | K. Milburn | Up to 1500cc | - | - |  |  | 13 |
| DNS | Gordon Stewart | 11 | Stewart MG s/c | Ecurie Cinque | Over 1500cc | - | - |  |  | 16 |


title: Augusto Barros

abstract: Augusto Barros Ferreira, better known as Augusto Barros, and simply Barros, is a Portuguese painter born on August 7, 1929, in Lisbon (Portugal), and dead on February 10, 1998, in Lisbon. Abstractionist painter, and emblematic figure of the Parisian district of Saint-Germain-des-Prés of the 1970s.

text:
# Augusto Barros

**Augusto Barros Ferreira**, better known as **Augusto Barros**, and simply **Barros**, is a Portuguese painter born on August 7, 1929, in Lisbon (Portugal), and dead on February 10, 1998, in Lisbon. Abstractionist painter, and emblematic figure of the Parisian district of Saint-Germain-des-Prés of the 1970s.

## Biography

### Childhood and beginnings in Portugal

Augusto Barros is painting since the age of 10. His parents have a neighbor painter, which clearly sparked him an early interest in painting.

As a teenager, he often likes to go for a stroll at the Port of Lisbon, and contemplate the ocean. He sets himself the goal of going to the American continent, and for that purpose he learns English, on his own, through books and thanks to the travelers he meets at the port (so that at the age of 29, he was one of the interpreters of Queen Elizabeth II, visiting Portugal in 1957). This linguistic competence will prove very useful for the studies he will undertake later in Germany, instead of being able to speak German.

In 1952, at the age of 23, he studies painting and drawing at the SNBA (Portugal) with the master Machado da Luz. Then, it is as a model maker that he begins to earn a living. At the beach of Carcavelos (Portugal), Barros happily meets Helena Ferreira, a teacher, who he will marry shortly after. From this union are born two children, Carlos Augusto Ferreira and Virginia Maria Ferreira.

It's in 1959 that Barros exhibits his paintings for the first time to the public, at a Modern Art exhibition of the SNI (*Palácio Foz*, Portugal). Following this exhibition, he obtains a scholarship from the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, thanks to which he decides to go study in Germany. Indeed, like many other painters of his generation, Barros quickly realizes that he cannot succeed in his artistic career while remaining in Portugal. Neither the socio-cultural environment of the time, nor the political situation, were favorable to his formation and his inspiration.

### Training in Germany

Barros therefore emigrated in 1961 to Hamburg (Germany), to take courses at the University of Fine Arts of Hamburg. He goes there alone, while remaining attached to his wife and children who have remained in Portugal. He spends nearly three years in Hamburg, two of which as a scholarship holder, during which he studies with the master Hans Thiemann, a former disciple of Paul Klee. Interesting detail, since it was written later that "there is something of the art of Klee in Barros".

He has his first solo exhibition on German soil in 1962, at the *Galerie Commeter*. This exhibition is a great success, and finds a large echo in the German press. Many articles appear in the newspapers *Die Welt, Die Zeit, Hamburger Abendblatt, Bild* and *Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung*, qualifying Barros' painting as being a "work of rigor, austerity, but also sensuality".

### Artistic career in Paris

In 1963, Barros leave Germany and come for the first time to Paris, in the district of Saint-Germain-des-Prés. He is irresistibly drawn to this Paris center of the arts, but also to this "bohemian" Paris, which exudes freedom. Initially, he plans to stay there for a year or two, but he ends up settling there. It is indeed here that Barros feels at home, and it is there that he will establish great friendships, which will last until the end of his life. That same year 1963, Barros meets at the gallery "Le Divan" the Russian painter Serge Poliakoff, who will become a great friend. He also befriends the artists Viera da Silva and Árpád Szenes, as well as Manuel Cargaleiro, Eduardo Luiz, Gonçalo Duarte, Paul Szasz, and Pedro Avelar. His first individual exhibition in Paris is given at the *Galerie des jeunes* in 1963, following which articles are devoted to him in the newspapers *Artigos* (No. 918 of 1963/05/19) and *Carrefour* (Frank Elgar, No. 976 of 1963/05/29).

Later, in 1968, Barros meets Gualtieri di San Lazzaro, art critic and founder of the magazine XXe siècle. In turn, this leads Barros to work closely with a number of artists who were already famous at the time, such as Man Ray, Alberto Magnelli, Émile Gilioli, Max Ernst, Miró, Sonia Delaunay and Camille Bryen. Following an exhibition at the *Galerie de Beaune* in 1969, subsequent articles appear in the newspapers *Carrefour* and *Les Lettres françaises*. Through Marcelle Cahn, he gets to know the painter Jeanne Coppel, as well as the painter and art critic Michel Seuphor. Recognizing the quality of Barros' painting, he dedicates an article to him in the journal *XXe siècle* (No. XXXIV, *Panorama 70*).

On the family side, however, because of his distance from Portugal, and therefore from his family, the situation becomes precarious. After 8 years of estrangement, his family is asking for him. He then decides to bring his wife and children to Paris, where they join him and move in that same year 1969.

Barros continues to make enriching encounters, for example in 1971, the year in which San Lazzaro introduced him to the poet and art critic Alain Jouffroy. In turn, he dedicated an article to him in the journal *XXe siècle* (No. XXXIX, *Panorama 72*). Barros is then interviewed in 1973 by Jean-Jacques Lévêque, Henry Galy-Carles and André Parinaud in the television program *Forum des arts* on France Culture (ORTF). Articles are devoted to Barros in the newspapers *Le Monde* (Jean-Marie Dunoyer), and *Le Figaro*. Then in 1974, this is Egídio Álvaro's turn to dedicate a 3rd article to him in the magazine *XXe siècle* (No. XLIII, *Panorama 74, le surréalisme II*).

From a professional and artistic point of view, he has a complete and full life. But Barros' life as an artist, and his bohemian, bon vivant, even seductive character, finally defeat his marriage. He divorces Helena in 1976. They remain on good terms nonetheless, Barros continuing to see her as "a friend, an ally". He will not marry again.

### Between France and Portugal

During the 1980s, Barros divides his time between France and Portugal. When he is in Portugal, he lives in Porto Salvo in particular, which allows him to get closer to his daughter Virginia, and his sister Helena. At this time, however, his health begins to decline sharply. His bohemian life, and in particular the four packets of unfiltered Gauloises cigarettes he smokes every day, eventually catch up with him.

During this time, he continues to exhibit in France and Portugal. Notably in 1980, at the exhibition "Première Biennale Art & Papier" in Le Touquet (France), the French Secretary of State for Culture acquires a work by Augusto Barros (*Témpera sobre papel*) for the Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris.

He accepts several radio and television interviews. Articles appear in 1982 in several Portuguese newspapers, *Diário de Notícias*, and *Diário Popular*. Later, he is invited to represent Portugal at the *24th Olympiad of Contemporary Arts*, held in Seoul (South Korea) during the 1988 Summer Olympics.

Then, in the early 1990s, Barros returns to Portugal definitively.

In all, he has exhibited individually 24 times, and participated in 38 collective exhibitions.

Barros dies on February 10, 1998, in Lisbon, at the age of 68.

## In the Saint-Germain-des-Prés district

For Manuel Cargaleiro, to define the person of Barros and his work, it is necessary to be familiar with the district of Saint-Germain-des-Prés, a worldwide crossroad of the arts since the 1950s, and until the end of the 1970s. This Parisian district was notably, according to Jean-Jacques Lévêque, the historical theater "of the last great battles between abstraction and figuration" in the 1960s. It is in such a context that Barros joined this cultural center, when he settled there in 1963.

Barros is fond of this district, where his small workshop is located (he once had a large workshop on the outskirts of Paris, but he stayed there only a very short time; he missed Germain-des-Prés). He is used to walking past the clock of the tower of Saint-Germain-des-Prés, reports Jeannine Quintin, and thus knowing if it's time to go to the "bistro", where he likes to meet up with his friends Man Ray, Poliakoff, or even Marino Marini. According to Jorge Guimarães, "it's not with impunity" that Barros lives alongside Picasso, or that he meets at the café Hans Hartung or Henri Michaux. As for its regular buyers, we find particularly the Pompidou family, described as enlightened amateurs, and whose name is now more linked to contemporary art than to politics.

Barros is thus described as being an emblematic figure of the Saint-Germain-des-Prés district of the 1970s, where he is called "le Portuguais" \[the Portuguese\]. Man of sure meetings and friendships, he frequents many art critics, gallery directors, and famous artists. This is why it is said of Barros that he is not of any camp, any cenacle, but "companion of a few one of those whose legend has already taken hold".

## The "fleeing" man

Although he frequents the elite, Barros is one of those who doesn't seek stardom. It is said of him, actually, that he "rejects marketing as a traveling companion". Of a particular temperament, he has forged the reputation for not speaking when it is imposed, and allows himself to miss many interviews and television programs to which he is invited. However, on the other hand, he can enjoy chatting for a day with anyone coming unexpectedly.

This whole character can also be found in his relationship with art, and with the public. He is thus known to never make the slightest concession to the tastes of the public, or even to that of the merchants. When he had the honor of being invited to the *24th Olympiad of Contemporary Arts* in Seoul, he needed to be arm-twisted, and hesitated for a long time before accepting. As success rarely follows those who shun it, his career has inevitably suffered. According to Jeannine Quintin, Barros is one of those "cursed artists, the purest, whom only posterity recognizes".

Thus, Barros can be described as a proud and upright man, but at the same time mysterious, capricious, modest. In short, to use the words of Jean-Jacques Lévêque, like a "fleeing" man.

## His painting

### Techniques and colors

If he occasionally paints in oil, Augusto Barros' favorite technique is undoubtedly the gouache, many people recognizing him as a major gouachist. The density of the gouache, associated with a grainy paper, allow him to obtain a rendering of its own, producing a slightly rough texture, in line with the themes of his painting. Finely torn paper and cardboard sometimes also appear in his works

Colors often vary around bluish grays and ashy whites. For Jean-Marie Dunoyer, it is the painting of "architectures in the process of demolition", in reference to post-war Paris, but also "interior landscapes, rigor, austerity". At the same time, Barros also practices a more colorful painting, showing dull reds, orange ochres, different shades of blue, and predominantly black and white shapes and textures. He thus oscillates between these two types of painting – one austere and quasi-geometric, and the other sensual, even luxuriant.

In a dictionary, Barros is thus described as a painter making use of an "abstractizing constructivism in muted colors". Indeed, it is often said that his painting is motivated by emotions alone. According to Jean-Jacques Lévêque for example, the painter abandons himself "to the solicitations of the emotions", thus going beyond the problem of representation. Jean-Marie Dunoyer, for his part, wrote that Barros' painting is much more than a technical feat, that his painting became flesh, "a living flesh, in direct contact with the emotion it gave birth"

### Influences and evolution

Although we can perceive in his works the idiom of certain known currents (such as monochromy, or materiology), it is said of Barros' painting that it escapes the schools and the reigning theories, none of them being found as a "reductive finality". On the contrary, his painting is described as the result of a pleasure to paint, and a freedom of expression guided only by emotions. It is well known that Barros never paints upon request, nor according to the tastes of the public, but only when the need arises

His palette is not exempt from influences, and it changes significantly during his life. Barros thus relates that, during his stay in Hamburg, his palette changed, the nostalgia and the climate having made him abandon bright and violent colors in favor of shades of gray. But it is not always the case, since on certain occasions Barros knows perfectly how to create colorful paintings, which he offers to his relatives.

For Alain Jouffroy, in addition to the contemplation of the old Parisian walls, which we find in filigree in many of his works, the painting of Nicolas de Staël or Poliakoff must have served as a stimulus for Barros, and thus play a trigger role in front of the white paper. Music also plays an important role. It is thus said of Barros that he particularly appreciates devoting himself to painting in the evening, listening to classical music. He also sometimes paints with jazz in the background, but he never leaves these two registers

For Ricardo Barletta, Italian art critic, we find in Barros' painting the same nostalgia and the same sadness as in Fado, a Portuguese musical genre. However, one will write that Barros is penalized neither by his origins, nor by his culture. For Manuel Cargaleiro, Barros' painting has very little Portuguese, and a lot of French, "Parisian" lyricism, linked to impressionism, cubism and post-war abstractionism. He thus defines Barros as a lyrical painter, attached to the Ecole de Paris, but whose work is very personal, difficult at first, because intimately linked to his person. Jean-Jacques Lévêque, for his part, wrote that Barros' painting "ended up resembling the man who made it"

## Tributes

Two streets are dedicated to him in Portugal, bearing the name of *Rua Augusto Barros*, in Linda-a-Velha (Oeiras), and Charneca de Caparica (Almada).

## Exhibitions

### Individual exhibitions

* Galerie Commeter, Hamburg (Germany), 1962
* Galerie des jeunes, Paris, 1963
* National Society of Fine Arts (SNBA), Lisbon, 1964
* Galerie de Beaune, Paris, 1969. Exhibition presented by Suzanne de Coninck
* Galeria São Francisco, Lisbon, 1971
* Galeria São Francisco, Lisbon, 1972. Exhibition presented by the art critic Egídio Álvaro
* Galerie L.55, Paris, 1973. Exhibition presented by the journalist Jean-Marie Dunoyer
* Galeria Dinastia, Lisbon, 1974
* Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation Cultural Center, Paris, 1974
* Galeria Alvarez-Dois, Porto (Portugal), 1979
* Galeria Tempo, Lisbon, 1979
* Galeria de arte do casino Estoril, Portugal, "Paysages intérieurs", 1982
* Alliance française, Lisbon, "Mon beau Paris", 1984
* Galeria de arte do casino Estoril, Portugal, 1984
* International Art Gallery, Paris, 1985
* Alliance française, Lisbon, "Barros 85", 1985
* Edifício Chiado, Coimbra (Portugal), 1986
* Galeria I.A.M., Lisbon, 1986
* Alliance française, Lisbon, 1988
* Centre de arte Unibanco, Lisbon, 1989
* Alliance française, Lisbon, "Augusto Barros, recent paintings", 1991
* Galeria da secretaria regional de turismo, Funchal (Madeira), 1992
* Galeria de São Bento, Lisbon, "works from the 60s and 70s", 1997

### Collective exhibitions

* Galeria national de arte, Lisbon, "Augusto Barros & Álvaro Pereira", 1963
* Galerie Eva Eyquem, Paris, 1964
* Institut de beauté Elizabeth Arden, Paris, 1964
* Árvore Gallery, Porto (Portugal), 1965
* Cultural Center of Brussels, Belgium, "8 Portuguese painters", 1967
* Maison du Portugal, Paris, "Portuguese painters of Paris", 1967
* Souza-Cardoso Gallery, Brussels, "The Portuguese painters", 1968
* Salon Réalités Nouvelles No. 25, Paris, 1971
* Salon Réalités Nouvelles No. 26, Paris, 1972
* Municipal Theater of Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg, 1973
* Maison de la culture de Saint-Étienne, France, 1973
* Galerie L.55, Paris, "Confrontations", 1973
* Galeria São Francisco, Lisbon, "Diálogo 74", 1974
* Salon Réalités nouvelles No. 27, Paris, 1974
* Fondation nationale des arts graphiques et plastiques, Paris, "Les Huns", 1978
* Cultural Center of Brétigny-sur-Orge, France, "Peinture portugaise actuelle", 1978
* Primeira Bienal de Arte, Vila Nova de Cerveira (Portugal), 1978
* Exhibition *Identidade cultural e massificação*, 1978
* First Art & Paper Biennial of Le Touquet, France, 1980
* Carrefour de l'Europe, Nantes (France), "Avec les peintres portugais contemporains", 1981
* Galerie d'art international, Paris, 1981
* Zarathustra Galery, Milan, "Arte incontro", 1981
* Ministry of Culture, Lisbon, "Artistas portugueses residentes no estrangeiro", 1982
* Salon Réalités nouvelles No. 36, Paris, 1982
* Commemorative exhibition of Portugal Day, Figueira da Foz, 1982
* Alliance française, Lisbon, "Pintores portugueses de Paris", 1983
* Galeria de arte do casino Estoril, Portugal, "25 anos ao serviço da arte e da cultura", 1983
* Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1984
* Galeria Almada Negreiros, 1984
* Galeria de Constância, Portugal, 1987
* 24th Olympiad for Contemporary Arts, Seoul (South Korea), 1988
* Exhibition *Exponor II*, Porto (Portugal), 1989
* Galeria de Constância, Portugal, 1989
* Exhibition *Exponor III*, Porto (Portugal), 1990
* Galeria triângulo 48, Lisbon, 1990
* Galeria de arte do casino Estoril, Portugal, "Salão Pequeno Formato", 1990
* Galeria de arte do casino Estoril, Portugal, "Salão de outono", 1990
* Galeria de arte do casino Estoril, Portugal, "Salão de outono XII", 1991
* Galeria de arte do casino Estoril, Portugal, "Augusto Barros & Edgardo Xavier", 1992
* Galeria de arte do casino Estoril, Portugal, "Uma galeria com história", 1993
* Galeria de arte do casino Estoril, Portugal, "Salão de outono XIII", 1994
* Artes plásticas, Beja (Portugal), "Pintura e escultura", 1997

## Notes and references

## Appendices

### Bibliography

* Egídio Álvaro, *Panorama 74 – Le surréalisme II*, XXe siècle (magazine), No. XLIII, December 1974
* Alain Jouffroy, *Panorama 72 – II*, XXe siècle (magazine), No. XXXIX, December 1972
* Michel Seuphor, *Panorama 70 – I*, XXe siècle (magazine), No. XXXIV, June 1970
* Michel Seuphor, *L'Art abstrait* \[Abstract Art\], Paris, Maeght, 1970/1974
* Jean-Jacques Lévêque, *Art et architecture actuels 32e année*, No. 176, Paris, Cimaise, 1985 ISSN 0009-6830
* Fernando de Pamplona, *Dicionário de Pintores e Escultores Portugueses* \["Dictionary of Portuguese painters and sculptors"\], Vol. 1, Porto, Livraria civilização editora, 1987, (2nd ed. Actualizada)
* Michael Tannock, *Portuguese 20th century artists: A biographical dictionary*, Stroud, Phillimore & Co Ltd, 1978/01/01

## InfoBox

| Augusto Barros Ferreira | |
| --- | --- |
| Augusto Barros, photographed in Portugal in July 1997 | |
| Born | (1929-08-07)August 7, 1929
Lisbon, Portugal |
| Died | February 10, 1998(1998-02-10) (aged 68)
Lisbon |
| Nationality | Portuguese |
| Education | National Society of Fine Arts (Portugal), and Academy of Fine Arts in Hamburg (Germany) |
| Known for | Painting |
| Movement | Abstractionism |


title: Barmbek

abstract: Barmbek, until 27 September 1946 Barmbeck, is the name of a former village that was absorbed into the city of Hamburg, Germany. In 1951 it was divided into the quarters Barmbek-Süd, Barmbek-Nord and Dulsberg in the borough Hamburg-Nord.

text:
# Barmbek

**Barmbek** (), until 27 September 1946 *Barmbeck*, is the name of a former village that was absorbed into the city of Hamburg, Germany. In 1951 it was divided into the quarters *Barmbek-Süd*, *Barmbek-Nord* and *Dulsberg* in the borough *Hamburg-Nord*.

## History

It was first recorded in 1271 as *"Bernebeke"*. Up until 1946 it was written with a 'c' as Barmbeck. Barmbeck and Barmbek are pronounced with a long e, similar to the English "Barm Bake". The village of *Barmbeck* had been under Hamburg administration since 1830, and it became a suburb of Hamburg in 1894, while the area of Barmbek-Nord was incorporated into Hamburg in 1937 with the Greater Hamburg Act.

## Buildings

near Habichtstraße (Hamburg U-Bahn station)

* St. Sophia's Catholic Church
* Evangelical–Lutheran Bugenhagenkirche
* AK Barmbek clinic
* AK Eilbek clinic
* Museum of work
* Barmbek station

53°34′58″N 10°02′28″E / 53.58278°N 10.04111°E / 53.58278; 10.04111

## InfoBox

| Barmbek Barmbeck | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| St. Sophia's Catholic Church built in 1900 | |
| Map, situation in the north-east of Hamburg around 1800 | |
| Country | Germany |
| City | Hamburg |


title: Beautiful Thing (Ben Vaughn album)

abstract: Beautiful Thing is an album by the American rock and roll musician Ben Vaughn, released in 1987. The album's final track, "The Apology Line", is covered on Barrence Whitfield's Ow! Ow! Ow!

text:
# Beautiful Thing (Ben Vaughn album)

***Beautiful Thing*** is an album by the American rock and roll musician Ben Vaughn (credited to the Ben Vaughn Combo), released in 1987. The album's final track, "The Apology Line", is covered on Barrence Whitfield's *Ow! Ow! Ow!*

## Production

The album was produced by Vaughn, who also wrote the songs. Mostly acoustic, the songs were in part inspired by radio disc jockey patter and random conversations overheard by Vaughn. The band used bongos, hubcaps, maracas, and accordion on many of the tracks. "Big House with a Yard" is about a man asking his girlfriend to visit him in prison.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| *Chicago Tribune* |  |
| Robert Christgau | B |
| *The Encyclopedia of Popular Music* |  |
| *Goldmine* |  |
| *New Musical Express* | 9/10 |
| *The Philadelphia Inquirer* |  |
| *Richmond Times-Dispatch* | B |

Robert Christgau thought that, "unlike many comedians, this mild-mannered male chauvinist is funniest when he lets on how clever he is." *Trouser Press* wrote that "*Beautiful Thing* has a fresh, easygoing feel, but too much restraint can be dangerous: halfway through the first side, this mild record threatens to slide right off the turntable." *The New York Times* concluded that "all the three-chord rock of the 1950's and 60's—rockabilly, surf-rock, Cajun, rhythm-and-blues, country—twangs and relaxes together in the Ben Vaughn Combo, as Mr. Vaughn talk-sings his way through droll, understated songs without a hint of rock's latter-day histrionics." *The Philadelphia Inquirer* deemed the album "a marvelously eclectic collection of rock styles and romantic observations."

The *Philadelphia Daily News* called the tracks "clever, evocative new songs in a time honored, timeless style," writing that the band "has a slap happy simplicity and ragged enthusiasm that's anachronistic, that seems a throwback to the 1950s rockabilly era of Eddie Cochran and Buddy Holly and the Big Bopper." *The Washington Post* determined that "sometimes Vaughn sounds like what might have happened if Lou Reed had influenced Bob Dylan rather than the other way around, but he always manages a neat wedding of lyric and melody." The *Chicago Tribune* stated that "Vaughn brings some uncommon touches to numbers about male-female relationships." *The State* included *Beautiful Thing* on its list of the ten best albums of 1987.

AllMusic wrote that "the tunes on *Beautiful Thing* never hit harder than they have to or take up more space than necessary, and their modesty only adds to their effectiveness."

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Jerry Lewis in France" |  |
| 2. | "Clothes Don't Make the Man" |  |
| 3. | "Beautiful Thing" |  |
| 4. | "The North Wind Blew" |  |
| 5. | "Shingaling with Me" |  |
| 6. | "Gimme, Gimme, Gimme" |  |
| 7. | "She's a Real Scream" |  |
| 8. | "Big House with a Yard" |  |
| 9. | "On the Rebound" |  |
| 10. | "A Good Woman Is Hard to Find" |  |
| 11. | "Desert Boots" |  |
| 12. | "The Apology Line" |  |

## InfoBox

| Beautiful Thing | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Ben Vaughn | |
| Released | 1987 |
| Genre | Rock |
| Label | Restless |
| Producer | Ben Vaughn |
| Ben Vaughn chronology | |
| *The Many Moods of Ben Vaughn*
(1986) ***Beautiful Thing***
(1987) *Blows Your Mind*
(1988) | |


title: Francis Laforey

abstract: Admiral Sir Francis Laforey, 2nd Baronet, KCB was an officer of the British Royal Navy during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, whose distinguished service record included numerous frigate commands in Home waters and in the West Indies. He is best known however for his service in command of the ship of the line Spartiate at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. During the action, Laforey was heavily engaged and his ship suffered heavy casualties. Five years after Trafalgar, Laforey was promoted to rear-admiral and commanded the Leeward Islands squadron, before retiring in 1814. Son of the notable and highly controversial naval officer Sir John Laforey, Francis Laforey joined the Navy at a young age and enjoyed patronage throughout his career. His exploits in command of frigates during the French Revolutionary Wars and his capture of Dutch colonies in South America garnered wealth and esteem among his colleagues, and his later success as a battleship captain only continued this trend.

text:
# Francis Laforey

Admiral **Sir Francis Laforey, 2nd Baronet**, KCB (31 December 1767 – 17 June 1835) was an officer of the British Royal Navy during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, whose distinguished service record included numerous frigate commands in Home waters and in the West Indies. He is best known however for his service in command of the ship of the line *Spartiate* at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. During the action, Laforey was heavily engaged and his ship suffered heavy casualties. Five years after Trafalgar, Laforey was promoted to rear-admiral and commanded the Leeward Islands squadron, before retiring in 1814.

Son of the notable and highly controversial naval officer Sir John Laforey, Francis Laforey joined the Navy at a young age and enjoyed patronage throughout his career. His exploits in command of frigates during the French Revolutionary Wars and his capture of Dutch colonies in South America garnered wealth and esteem among his colleagues, and his later success as a battleship captain only continued this trend.

## Biography

Born in 1767 in Virginia into wealthy and respectable family, Laforey was destined to go to sea from an early age, his father being an officer himself, later to become Admiral Sir John Laforey, 1st Baronet of Whitby. Francis' father was a senior government official in Antigua at the time, and the family moved there soon afterwards, thus avoiding the American War of Independence, although the senior Laforey was heavily involved due to his naval duties. Sent to sea in the early 1780s as a teenager, Francis' rise was rapid due to his father's local influence, meaning that by 1791 Laforey was already a commander with his own sloop, *Fairy*.

At the outbreak of war in 1793, John Laforey realised the excellent opportunity the unprepared French possessions in the Caribbean made, and so marshalled local troops and volunteers and captured the island of Tobago within days. Sending his son to London with the dispatches and evidence of his success was also a very intelligent move, because Francis was then rewarded in the customary manner for such messengers of success, with a promotion to Post Captain. Francis made the most of this opportunity using his new command, the frigate *Carysfort*, to recapture *Castor* from her French captors at the frigate action of 29 May 1794. He then had to pursue a lengthy but ultimately successful lawsuit against the Admiralty for the prize money from the capture, which they had denied on very questionable technical grounds.

Fortunately, the Admiralty bore Laforey no ill will, and gave him the larger frigate *Aimable* in 1795, which he used to take his father back to Antigua, where he was now the military governor of the Leeward Islands. Using his position to aid his son's career, Sir John put Francis in command of the ship of the line *Scipio* and made him second in command of the successful invasions of Demerara, Essequibo and Berbice. Recrossing the Atlantic the following year whilst transporting his dying father back to England, Francis inherited the baronetcy halfway across and was given the frigate *Hydra* soon afterwards, using her with much success for two years on the French coast, before returning to the Caribbean and having further success there. In 1800 he again travelled to England, to take command of the ship of the line *Powerful*, which he commanded in the Baltic, Mediterranean and again in the West Indies until the Peace of Amiens.

When war was once again declared, Laforey was instructed to command *Spartiate*, one of Nelson's spoils from the battle of the Nile. In 1804 he joined this admiral's hunt across the Atlantic for the French fleet under Admiral Villeneuve when it arrived in the West Indies, and accompanied it back to the blockade off Cadiz, where he was embroiled in the battle of Trafalgar on 21 October 1805. The *Spartiate* was frustratingly trapped at the rear of Nelson's division, and was unable to reach the battle until several hours had passed. As *Spartiate* and her companion *Minotaur* arrived in battle they found themselves alone against the van squadron of Admiral Dumanoir le Pelley, consisting of the French ships *Formidable*, *Duguay-Trouin*, *Scipion* and *Mont Blanc* and the Spanish *Neptuno*. Such was the rate of fire the two ships put up however, that the *Formidable* turned and fled after taking hits, and the other three French ships followed her, leaving the *Neptuno* under Commodore Cayetano Valdés y Flores to sail alone against the two 74 gun ships. She was soon captured and Laforey, whose ship had only suffered 23 casualties, was well placed to aid other captains during the ensuing storm.

*Spartiate* was amongst those ships which returned to London for Nelson's funeral, Laforey being the flag bearer walking behind the coffin. Unlike many Trafalgar officers, Laforey remained with his ship, returning to the Mediterranean, where he participated in several blockades under Collingwood, before being made rear-admiral himself in 1810 and taking up his father's old post of naval commander in chief of the Leeward Islands Station in 1811. He returned home in 1814 and the following year was made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath, living in quiet retirement at Brighton until his death in 1835 as a full Admiral. He was buried in the northern extension of St Nicholas Churchyard in Brighton where his headstone (now moved from its original location and laid flat) remains. Francis Laforey never married or had children, and so the baronetcy became extinct upon his death.

## Namesakes

Two ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS *Laforey*, after Admiral Sir Francis Laforey:

## Further reading

* White, Colin, and the 1805 Club, *The Trafalgar Captains*, Chatham Publishing, London, 2005, ISBN 1-86176-247-X

## InfoBox

| Sir Francis Laforey | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1767-12-31)31 December 1767
Colony of Virginia |
| Died | 17 June 1835(1835-06-17) (aged 67)
Brighton, Sussex, England |
| Allegiance | Great Britain
United Kingdom |
| Service/branch | Royal Navy |
| Years of service | 1780s–1835 |
| Rank | Admiral |
| Commands |  |
| Battles/wars |  |
| Awards | Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (1815) |


title: Battle of Crogen

abstract: The Battle of Crogen is an engagement said to have taken place in Wales during Henry II of England's summer 1165 campaign against an alliance of Welsh kingdoms led by King of Gwynedd, Owain Gwynedd. Later Welsh chronicles recorded that a detachment of Welsh troops inflicted a number of casualties on the Anglo-Norman army in the Ceiriog Valley; Henry subsequently abandoned the campaign after an attempt to cross the Berwyn Mountains was thwarted by severe weather. It is unclear whether events in the Ceiriog Valley represented a pitched battle, a series of smaller engagements or a minor skirmish: all three have been argued, as well as the possibility no fighting took place during the 1165 campaign. It has been suggested that the idea of a "battle" should be considered as folklore rather than as a genuine historical event. There are few contemporary accounts: 19th century and later accounts of the "battle" rely heavily on David Powel's 1584 Historie of Cambria, an unreliable historical source.

text:
# Battle of Crogen

The **Battle of Crogen** is an engagement said to have taken place in Wales during Henry II of England's summer 1165 campaign against an alliance of Welsh kingdoms led by King of Gwynedd, Owain Gwynedd. Later Welsh chronicles recorded that a detachment of Welsh troops inflicted a number of casualties on the Anglo-Norman army in the Ceiriog Valley; Henry subsequently abandoned the campaign after an attempt to cross the Berwyn Mountains was thwarted by severe weather.

It is unclear whether events in the Ceiriog Valley represented a pitched battle, a series of smaller engagements or a minor skirmish: all three have been argued, as well as the possibility no fighting took place during the 1165 campaign. It has been suggested that the idea of a "battle" should be considered as folklore rather than as a genuine historical event. There are few contemporary accounts: 19th century and later accounts of the "battle" rely heavily on David Powel's 1584 *Historie of Cambria*, an unreliable historical source.

## Background

Anglo-Norman involvement in Wales was centred on a number of Marcher Lordships set up by William the Conqueror. These had considerable legal independence: Marcher barons could hold their own courts and had a licence to crenellate. The Crown sought to strengthen the position of the Marcher Lords against the native Welsh kings, and in July 1163 several of the kings were compelled to do homage to Henry II at Woodstock, giving guarantees for their peaceful conduct.

Henry II began planning a punitive campaign into Wales in 1164, ostensibly to take action against several Welsh kings, particularly Rhys ap Gruffudd of Deheubarth, who had been responsible for disturbances along the border in breach of the 1163 settlement. Welsh chronicles of the time argued that Henry's Marcher Lords, particularly Roger de Clare, 2nd Earl of Hertford, had themselves failed to keep to the terms of the agreement. Rhys had used Roger's actions as a pretext to continue his conflict with the Normans, attacking the castles of Mabwynion and Aberrheidol and overrunning much of Ceredigion. Owain ap Gruffydd of Gwynedd was in open rebellion by autumn 1164 and sent several letters to Henry's main rival, Louis VII of France, asking to be considered amongst Louis' "faithful and devoted friends". The Welsh annals spoke of a concerted effort by the Welsh kingdoms, which were more usually in competition with each other, to "throw off the rule of the French \[i.e. the Angevins\]".

In early 1165 Owain Gwynedd's son Dafydd ravaged the *cantref* of Tegeingl, threatening the Norman castles at Rhuddlan, Basingwerk and Prestatyn. Henry returned from Normandy in May. During the summer of 1165 he assembled a substantial force at Shrewsbury, including troops from England and mercenaries from the Continent: several contemporary chronicles emphasised the large size of the Angevin army. Henry's overall objectives in the campaign are uncertain; Welsh annals alleged that he planned a complete conquest of the Welsh kingdoms, but a more likely interpretation is that he sought the submission of Rhys and Owain and a settlement with more effective guarantees than in 1163.

The reason for Henry's choice of route into Wales is similarly unclear, as it led initially into the minor kingdoms of northern Powys, which had not been in conflict with him. Shrewsbury was not the most convenient base for a campaign against either Rhys or Owain: it may have been selected in order to be able to advance northward or southward as the campaign required. Henry's subsequent advance towards Oswestry and the Ceiriog Valley may indicate that a decision had been made to attack Owain Gwynedd first. In response Owain raised an army at Corwen in the *cantref* of Penllyn, comprising forces from several kingdoms. Including his own forces, led by himself and his brother Cadwaladr, the alliance was made up of men from Deheubarth under the leadership of Rhys ap Gruffydd, troops from Mochnant in northern Powys under Iorwerth Goch ap Maredudd and from southern Powys under Owain Cyfeiliog, although the latter had been on good terms with Henry until that point. Powysian involvement in the alliance may have been less than enthusiastic, particularly as Gwynedd had recently overrun Powysian lands in Penllyn, and it is possible that Henry hoped a show of Angevin strength would encourage the lords of Powys back under his protection.

## The battle

Contemporary sources are patchy and conflicting, and there has been a great deal of disagreement over events during the campaign. Some scholars, such as Austin Lane Poole, have concluded that no fighting actually took place at all in 1165.

The main reasonably contemporary source for events in the Ceiriog Valley is the *Brut y Tywysogion*, which was based on now-lost materials contemporary with the battle. After describing Henry's arrival at Oswestry and Owain's at Corwen, it states:

> after staying long in their tents there without the one daring to attack the other, \[the king\] moved his host into the wood of Dyffryn Ceiriog, and had the wood cut down and felled to the ground. And there a few picked Welshmen, who knew not how to suffer defeat, manfully encountered him in the absence of their leaders. And many of the doughtiest fell on both sides. And then the king, and the advanced forces along with him, encamped on the Berwyn Mountains.

Henry II had ordered woodsmen to clear trees from the area, allowing his forces to move more freely through the pass, or perhaps in an attempt to force the Welsh into open battle. The Welsh chronicles suggest Henry's army was ambushed, possibly close to a gap in Offa's Dyke, by Welsh skirmishers, who inflicted a number of casualties. The more detailed account given by Powel in 1584 claimed that the skirmish happened while Henry and his main army "laie at Oswestry" and involved only a group "sent to trie the passages". It is unknown what sources Powel used for his information; he may have had access to oral traditions or manuscripts now lost.

The Gwynedd chronicle *O Oes Gwrtheyrn Gwrtheneu* located this engagement at a place called "Coed Ceiriog"; Powel, writing several centuries later, was the first to identify it taking place at a narrow gap in "Offa's ditch, at the castle of Crogen". The name "Battle of Crogen" first appeared in 1778 in an account by Thomas Pennant: "This conflict is sometimes called the battle of Corwen; but with more propriety that of Crogen: for it happened beneath Castell Crogen, the present Chirk Castle". More recent scholarship has confirmed that the medieval "Castell Crogen" was in fact near Llandderfel: Pennant may have confused the name with the townships of Crogen Iddon and Crogen Wladys in the Ceiriog Valley.

Some modern sources repeat a story that Hubert de St Clare, the Constable of Colchester Castle, sacrificed his own life when he threw himself in front of an arrow meant for Henry. This event in fact happened at the siege of Bridgnorth in 1155, the source of the confusion again being Powel, who inserted a passage from Holinshed's Chronicles into his account.

Undeterred by their losses in the Ceiriog Valley, Henry's army continued into the Berwyns, possibly making for Corwen via a pass still known as the "English Road" (*Ffordd y Saeson*). While the mountains appeared easily passable in summer a spell of high winds and torrential rain, which made resupply impossible and caused men to start dying of exposure, forced Henry to retreat within a matter of days without bringing the main Welsh force to battle. The *Brut y Tywysogion* said that the army retreated after being "oppressed by a mighty tempest of wind and exceeding great torrents of rain": Henry's supporter Gerald of Wales, in his *Itinerarium Cambriae*, gave the same story but added that Henry had also made the mistake of failing to listen to his local advisors.

## Aftermath

Estimates of the losses suffered at Crogen vary; most modern historians consider them to have been relatively light. The place where the skirmishes occurred is called Adwy'r Beddau, "the Gap of the Graves": the dead were said to have been buried in the fosse of Offa's Dyke, at a spot where an account of 1697 claimed that graves were still visible.

His attempt to deal with Owain and Rhys a failure, Henry returned to Shrewsbury and there ordered the blinding of twenty-two hostages held since the 1163 treaty, two of whom were Owain's sons. He then moved his army to Chester: the Welsh annals claimed that this was in order to wait for a fleet from Dublin, with whose rulers Henry had recently entered into a treaty, but rather than continuing his campaign he abandoned the plan completely and returned to his court at Anjou. The collapse of such a well-financed and planned campaign was a considerable humiliation to Henry and an encouragement to his political opponents. Despite this, he was back on good terms with the kings of Powys within a year; both Owain Cyfeiliog and Iorwerth Goch were in friendly contact with Henry's court within months.

By the following year, both Rhys ap Gruffydd and Owain Gwynedd had resumed attacks on the lands of the Norman marcher barons; Henry withdrew much of his support from the latter by the end of the decade, turning to diplomacy to deal with Gwynedd and Deheubarth. Rhys later met personally with Henry, and was within a few years confirmed in his possession of lands previously occupied by the Normans: he even later sent troops to aid Henry in Normandy, in effect becoming "one of the great feudatories of the Angevin empire". It has been suggested that Henry's lack of support for the marcher barons after 1165 ultimately encouraged them to seek lands and opportunities elsewhere, contributing substantially to the subsequent Norman invasion of Ireland.

## InfoBox

| Battle of Crogen | |
| --- | --- |
|
Interpretation boards close to a possible site of the battlefield | |
| Date August 1165  Location Ceiriog Valley, north-east Wales52°56′20″N 3°06′14″W / 52.939°N 3.104°W / 52.939; -3.104  Result  Unknown | |
| Belligerents | |
| Deheubarth
Gwynedd
Powys Wenwynwyn
Mochnant | England |
| Commanders and leaders | |
| Owain Gwynedd
Rhys ap Gruffydd | Henry II |
| Strength | |
| Unknown | Unknown, but said to be a large army |
| Casualties and losses | |
| Unknown | Unknown |