# Ethnic Indians in the Cabinet of Malaysia

Malaysian Indians have served in the Cabinet of Malaysia since independence and continue to do so.

Tun Samy Vellu is one of the longest serving ministers in the Cabinet of Malaysia. He held the post of Minister of Public Works and Utilities from 1979 to 2008. Following his departure from the cabinet, he was appointed Special Envoy of Infrastructure to India and South Asia.

Gobind Singh Deo is the first Malaysian Sikh cabinet minister.

## List of ministers

This is a complete list of ethnic Indians who have served as Ministers in the Cabinet of Malaysia, ordered by seniority. This list includes ethnic Indians who served in the past and who continue to serve in the present.

| Party | | Name | Cabinet | Portfolio | Year elected | Year left | Constituency |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Alliance(MIC) | V. T. Sambanthan | First Rahman Cabinet | Minister of Labour | 1955 | 1957 | Kinta Utara |
| | | First Rahman Cabinet | Minister of Health | 1957 | 1959 | |
| | | Second Rahman Cabinet | Minister of Works, Post and Telecommunications | 1959 | 1964 | Sungei Siput |
| | | Third Rahman Cabinet | 1964 | | 1969 |
| | | Fourth Rahman Cabinet | 1969 | | 1969 |
|  | | BN-MIC | First Razak Cabinet | | 1970 |  |
| | | First Razak Cabinet | Minister of National Unity | |  | 1974 |
| | V. Manickavasagam | Third Rahman Cabinet | Minister of Labour | 1964 | 1969 | Klang |
| | Fourth Rahman Cabinet | Minister of Transport | 1969 |  |  |
| | First Razak Cabinet | Minister of Labour and Manpower | 1970 | 1974 |  |
| | | | |  |
| | Second Razak Cabinet | Minister of Communications | 1974 | 1976 | Pelabohan Kelang |
| | | First Hussein Cabinet | 1976 | | 1978 |
| | Second Hussein Cabinet | Minister of Transport | 1978 | |  |
| | Samy Vellu | Second Hussein Cabinet | Minister of Works and Public Amenities |  | 1981 | Sungei Siput |
| | First Mahathir Cabinet | | 1981 | 1982 | |
| | Second Mahathir Cabinet | | 1982 |  | |
| | Minister of Works |  | 1986 ||
| | Third Mahathir Cabinet | 1986 | 1989 ||
| | Minister of Energy, Telecommunications and Posts | 1989 | 1990 ||
| | Fourth Mahathir Cabinet | 1990 | 1995 ||
| | Fifth Mahathir Cabinet | Minister of Works | 1995 | 1999 | |
| | | Sixth Mahathir Cabinet | 1999 | 2003 | |
| | | First Abdullah Cabinet | 2003 | 2004 | |
| | | Second Abdullah Cabinet | 2004 | 2008 | |
| | Subramaniam Sathasivam | Third Abdullah Cabinet | Minister of Human Resources | 2008 | 2009 | Segamat |
| | First Najib Cabinet | | 2009 | 2013 | |
| | Second Najib Cabinet | Minister of Health | 2013 | 2018 | |
| | Palanivel Govindasamy | First Najib Cabinet | Minister in the Prime Minister's Department | 2011 | 2013 | Senator |
| | Second Najib Cabinet | Minister of Natural Resources and Environment | 2013 | 2015 | |
|  | PH-DAP | Kulasegaran Murugeson | Seventh Mahathir Cabinet | Minister of Human Resources | 2018 | 2020 | Ipoh Barat |
| | Gobind Singh Deo | Seventh Mahathir Cabinet | Minister of Communications and Multimedia | 2018 | 2020 | Puchong |
|  | PH-PKR | Xavier Jayakumar | Seventh Mahathir Cabinet | Minister of Water, Land and Natural Resources | 2018 | 2020 | Kuala Langat |
|  | HINDRAF | Waytha Moorthy Ponnusamy | Seventh Mahathir Cabinet | Minister in the Prime Minister's Department (National Unity and Social Wellbeing) | 2018 | 2020 | Senator |
|  | BN-MIC | Saravanan Murugan | Muhyiddin Cabinet | Minister of Human Resources | 2020 | 2021 | Tapah |
| | |  | | Ismail Sabri Cabinet | 2021 | | 2022 |
|  | PH-DAP | Sivakumar Varatharaju Naidu | Anwar Ibrahim Cabinet | Minister of Human Resources | 2022 | 2023 | Batu Gajah |
|  | PH-DAP | Gobind Singh Deo | Anwar Ibrahim Cabinet | Minister of Digital | 2023 | Serving | Damansara |

## List of Deputy Ministers

| Party | | Name | Cabinet | Portfolio | Year elected | Year left | Constituency |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Alliance(MIC) | V. Manickavasagam | Second Rahman Cabinet | Assistant Minister of Labour | 1961 | 1962 | Klang |
| | | | Assistant Minister of Labour and Social Welfare | 1962 | 1962 | |
|  | BN-MIC | Athi Nahappan | First Hussein Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Law |  |  | Senator |
| | Subramaniam Sinniah | First Hussein Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Local Government and Federal Territories |  | 1978 | Damansara |
| | Second Mahathir Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Housing and Local Government | 1982 | 1986 | Segamat |
| | Third Mahathir Cabinet |  | 1986 | | 1990 |
| | Fifth Mahathir Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Domestic Trade and Consumerism | 1995 | | 1999 |
| | | Sixth Mahathir Cabinet | 1999 | | 2003 |
| | First Abdullah Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Domestic Trade and Consumerism |  | |  |
| | K. Pathmanaban | First Hussein Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Labour and Manpower |  |  | Telok Kemang |
| | Second Hussein Cabinet | | 1978 | 1981 | |
| | First Mahathir Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Health | 1981 | 1981 | |
| | | Second Mahathir Cabinet | 1982 | 1986 | |
| | | Third Mahathir Cabinet | 1986 |  | |
| | Deputy Minister of Human Resources |  | 1990 ||
| | Samy Vellu | Second Hussein Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Housing and Local Government | 1978 |  | Sungei Siput |
| | Prof Dr T. Marimuthu | Fourth Mahathir Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Agriculture | 1993 | 1995 | Telok Kemang |
| | M. Mahalingam | Fourth Mahathir Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Human Resources | 1993 | 1995 | Kapar |
| | K Kumaran | Fifth Mahathir Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Rural Development | 1995 | 1999 | Tapah |
|  | BN-PPP | M. Kayveas | First Abdullah Cabinet | Deputy Minister in the Prime Minister's Department | 2003 | 2004 | Senator |
| | |  | | Second Abdullah Cabinet | 2004 | 2008 | Taiping |
|  | BN-MIC | Palanivel Govindasamy | First Abdullah Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Rural Development | 2003 | 2004 | Hulu Selangor |
| | |  | Second Abdullah Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Women, Family and Community Development | 2004 | | 2008 |
| | |  | First Najib Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Plantation Industries and Commodities | 2010 | 2011 | Senator |
| |  | S. Veerasingam | Second Abdullah Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Domestic Trade and Consumerism | 2004 | 2008 | Tapah |
| |  | S. Sothinathan | Second Abdullah Cabinet | Deputy Minister for Natural Resources and Environment | 2004 | 2008 | Telok Kemang |
| |  | Saravanan Murugan | Third Abdullah Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Federal Territories | 2008 | 2009 | Tapah |
| |  | First Najib Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Federal Territories and Urban Wellbeing | 2009 | | 2013 |
| |  | Second Najib Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Youth and Sports | 2013 | | 2018 |
| |  | Devamany S. Krishnasamy | Third Abdullah Cabinet | Deputy Minister in the Prime Minister's Department | 2008 | 2009 | Cameron Highlands |
| |  | | First Najib Cabinet | 2009 | | 2013 |
| |  | | Second Najib Cabinet | 2016 | 2018 | Senator |
|  | BN-PPP | Murugiah Thopasamy | Third Abdullah Cabinet | Deputy Minister in the Prime Minister's Department | 2008 | 2009 | Senator |
| | |  | | First Najib Cabinet | 2009 | 2013 |  |
|  | BN-GERAKAN | A. Kohilan Pillay | Third Abdullah Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Plantation Industries and Commodities | 2008 | 2009 | Senator |
| | |  | First Najib Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs | 2009 | | 2013 |
|  | BN-PPP | Maglin Dennis d' Cruz | First Najib Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Information, Communications and Culture | 2010 | 2013 | Senator |
|  | BN-HINDRAF | Waytha Moorthy Ponnusamy | Second Najib Cabinet | Deputy Minister in the Prime Minister's Department | 2013 | 2014 | Senator |
|  | BN-MIC | Kamalanathan Panchanathan | Second Najib Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Education | 2013 | 2015 | Hulu Selangor |
|  | BN-myPPP | Loga Bala Mohan Jaganathan | Second Najib Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Federal Territories | 2013 | 2018 | Senator |
|  | PH-PKR | Sivarasa Rasiah | Seventh Mahathir Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Rural Development | 2018 | 2020 | Sungai Buloh |
|  | PN-PPBM | Edmund Santhara Kumar Ramanaidu | Muhyiddin Cabinet | Depity Minister of Federal Territories | 2020 | 2021 | Segamat |
| | |  | Ismail Sabri Cabinet | Deputy Minister of Tourism, Arts and Culture | 2021 | | 2022 |
|  | PH-DAP | Ramkarpal Singh Karpal | Anwar Ibrahim Cabinet | Deputy Minister in the Prime Minister's Department (Law and Institutional Reform) | 2022 | 2023 | Bukit Gelugor |
| |  | | | Kulasegaran Murugeson | 2023 | Serving | Ipoh Barat |
|  | PH-PKR | | Saraswathy Kandasami | Deputy Minister of Entrepreneur Development and Cooperatives | 2022 | 2023 | Senator |
| |  | | Ramanan Ramakrishnan | 2023 | Serving | Sungai Buloh |
| |  | | Saraswathy Kandasami | Deputy Minister of National Unity | 2023 | Serving | Senator |


title: 1958 World Archery Championships

abstract: The 1958 World Archery Championships was the 19th edition of the event. It was held in Brussels, Belgium on 20–23 July 1958 and was organised by World Archery Federation (FITA).

text:
# 1958 World Archery Championships

The **1958 World Archery Championships** was the 19th edition of the event. It was held in Brussels, Belgium on 20–23 July 1958 and was organised by World Archery Federation (FITA).

## Medals summary

### Recurve

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Men's individual | Stig Thysell
Sweden | Olavi Kallionpaä
Finland | Roy Matthews
Great Britain |
| Women's individual | Sigrid Johansson
Sweden | Ann Corby
United States | Carole Meinhart
United States |
| Men's team | Finland | Sweden | United States |
| Women's team | United States | Czechoslovakia | South Africa |

## Medals table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Sweden | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| 2 | United States | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 3 | Finland | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 4 | Czechoslovakia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Great Britain | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| | South Africa | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (6 entries) | | 4 | 4 | 4 | 12 |

## InfoBox

| 1958 World Archery Championships | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Brussels, Belgium |
| Start date | 20 July |
| End date | 23 July |
| Competitors | 134 |


title: 1975 Sugar Bowl

abstract: The 1975 Sugar Bowl, was the 42nd edition of the college football bowl game, played at night in the new Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana, on Wednesday, December 31. Part of the 1975–76 bowl game season, it matched the fourth-ranked Alabama Crimson Tide of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and the independent #8 Penn State Nittany Lions. In the first Sugar Bowl played in the recently completed Superdome, favored Alabama won 13–6. This was the last of four consecutive editions played at night on New Year's Eve; it returned to January 1 in 1977 as a day game.

text:
# 1975 Sugar Bowl

The **1975 Sugar Bowl**, was the 42nd edition of the college football bowl game, played at night in the new Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana, on Wednesday, December 31. Part of the 1975–76 bowl game season, it matched the fourth-ranked Alabama Crimson Tide of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and the independent #8 Penn State Nittany Lions. In the first Sugar Bowl played in the recently completed Superdome, favored Alabama won 13–6.

This was the last of four consecutive editions played at night on New Year's Eve; it returned to January 1 in 1977 as a day game.

## Teams

### Alabama

Alabama completed the regular season as SEC champions with a 10–1 record. The only defeat was a 20–7 non-conference loss to Missouri in week one. On November 17, bowl officials announced that Alabama would face Penn State in the Sugar Bowl. It marked the seventh appearance for Alabama in the Sugar Bowl, and their 29th bowl game.

The Tide entered the Sugar Bowl as a thirteen-point favorite, but without a win in its last eight bowl games.

### Penn State

Penn State completed the regular season with a record of 9–2. Their only defeats were a 17–9 loss to Ohio State in week three and a 15–14 loss to the North Carolina State in week ten. On November 17, bowl officials announced that Penn State would face Alabama in the Sugar Bowl. The invitation for Penn State was controversial as Alabama's Bryant personally selected Penn State as their opponent instead of the Big Eight runner-up (#6 Nebraska), ranked higher than the Nittany Lions. Bryant was miffed that the Orange Bowl, which was committed to the Big Eight champion (#3 Oklahoma), had snubbed the Crimson Tide in favor of the Big Ten runner-up, #5 Michigan (the Big Ten (and Pac-8) allowed multiple bowl teams for the first time this season). In Bryant's view, this effectively killed Alabama's chances for a national championship. It was the second appearance for Penn State in the Sugar Bowl, and their fourteenth bowl game.

## Game summary

The game kicked off shortly after 6:30 p.m. CST on New Year's Eve, televised by ABC.

After Penn State's Chris Bahr missed a 62-yard field goal, Alabama scored on a 25-yard Danny Ridgeway field goal. The second quarter was scoreless, and the Crimson Tide led 3–0 at halftime.

Penn State tied the game at three on a 42-yard Bahr field goal in the third quarter. Alabama responded on the following drive with the lone touchdown of the game, a 14-yard Mike Stock run, to take a 10–3 lead.

A 37-yard Bahr field goal reduced the lead to four points with under twelve minutes remaining. The Crimson Tide responded with an extended drive, resulting in a 28-yard Ridgeway field goal to push the lead back to seven at 13–6, the final score. For his 210 yards passing after completing ten of twelve pass attempts, Alabama quarterback Richard Todd was named the games outstanding player.

It was Alabama's first bowl win in nine years (since January 1967) and started a string of six straight bowl victories.

| Scoring summary |
| --- |
| Quarter Time Drive Team Scoring information Score  Plays Yards TOP Penn State Alabama  1 5:33 9 72  Alabama 25-yard field goal by Danny Ridgeway 0 3  3 4:33  69  Penn State 42-yard field goal by Chris Bahr 3 3  3 1:42    Alabama Mike Stock 14-yard touchdown run, Danny Ridgeway kick good 3 10  4 11:19    Penn State 37-yard field goal by Chris Bahr 6 10  4 3:19    Alabama 28-yard field goal by Danny Ridgeway 6 13  "TOP" = time of possession. For other American football terms, see Glossary of American football. 6 13 |

## Statistics

| Statistics | Penn State | Alabama |
| --- | --- | --- |
| First downs | 12 | 14 |
| Rushes–yards | 41–157 | 49–106 |
| Passing yards | 57 | 210 |
| Passes | 8–14–1 | 10–12–0 |
| Total offense | 55–214 | 61–316 |
| Punts–average | 4–48.5 | 5–40.8 |
| Fumbles–lost | 1–0 | 1–0 |
| Turnovers | 1 | 0 |
| Penalties–yards | 0–0 | 3–22 |

Source:

## InfoBox

| 1975 Sugar Bowl | |
| --- | --- |
| 42nd edition | |
|  | |
| 1 2 3 4 Total  **Penn State** 0 0 3 3 6  **Alabama** 3 0 7 3 13 | |
| Date | December 31, 1975 |
| Season | 1975 |
| Stadium | Louisiana Superdome |
| Location | New Orleans, Louisiana |
| MVP | Richard Todd (Alabama QB) |
| Favorite | Alabama by 13 points |
| Referee | Clint Fuller (Southwest) |
| Attendance | 75,212 |
| United States TV coverage | |
| Network | ABC |
| Announcers | Keith Jackson, Bud Wilkinson |
|


abstract: The 1990–91 Towson State Tigers men's basketball team represented Towson State University as a member of the East Coast Conference during the 1990–91 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team was led by eighth-year head coach Terry Truax and played their home games at the Towson Center. They finished the season 19–11, 10–2 in ECC play to win the regular season conference title. The Tigers won the ECC tournament to earn an automatic bid to the NCAA tournament as No. 16 seed in the Midwest region. Towson State was defeated in the first round by No. 1 seed Ohio State, 91–74.

text:
# 1990–91 Towson State Tigers men's basketball team

1990–91 East Coast Conference men's basketball standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | PCT |  |  | W |  | L |  | PCT |
| Towson State | 10 |  | 2 |  | .833 |  |  | 19 |  | 11 |  | .633 |
| Delaware | 8 |  | 4 |  | .667 |  |  | 16 |  | 13 |  | .552 |
| Hofstra | 7 |  | 5 |  | .583 |  |  | 14 |  | 14 |  | .500 |
| Drexel | 7 |  | 5 |  | .583 |  |  | 12 |  | 16 |  | .429 |
| Rider | 4 |  | 8 |  | .333 |  |  | 14 |  | 16 |  | .467 |
| UMBC | 4 |  | 8 |  | .333 |  |  | 7 |  | 22 |  | .241 |
| Central Connecticut State | 2 |  | 10 |  | .167 |  |  | 4 |  | 24 |  | .143 |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 1991 ECC tournament winner
Rankings from AP poll | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The **1990–91 Towson State Tigers men's basketball team** represented Towson State University as a member of the East Coast Conference during the 1990–91 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team was led by eighth-year head coach Terry Truax and played their home games at the Towson Center. They finished the season 19–11, 10–2 in ECC play to win the regular season conference title. The Tigers won the ECC tournament to earn an automatic bid to the NCAA tournament as No. 16 seed in the Midwest region. Towson State was defeated in the first round by No. 1 seed Ohio State, 91–74.

## Roster

| 1990–91 Towson State Tigers men's basketball team | |
| --- | --- |
| Players | Coaches |
| Pos. # Name Height Weight Year Hometown  10 Devin Boyd 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m)  Jr   Chuck Lightening 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)  Jr   42 John James 6 ft 8 in (2.03 m)  Fr | Head coach Assistant coach(es)  ---  Legend* **(C)** Team captain * **(S)** Suspended * **(I)** Ineligible * **(W)** Walk-on |

## Schedule and results

| Date
time, TV | Rank# | Opponent# | Result | Record | Site (attendance)
city, state |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Regular season | | | | | | | | |
| Nov 24, 1990*
 |  | at Dayton | **L** 79–99 | 0–1
 | UD Arena
Dayton, OH |
| Nov 26, 1990*
 |  | at Maryland | **L** 69–93 | 0–2
 | Cole Fieldhouse
College Park, MD |
| Nov 30, 1990
 |  | UMBC | **W** 83–75 | 1–2
(1–0) | Towson Center
Towson, MD |
| Dec 1, 1990*
 |  | Loyola (MD) | **W** 62–60 | 2–2
 | Towson Center
Towson, MD |
| Dec 5, 1990*
 |  | Navy | **L** 88–102 | 2–3
 | Towson Center
Towson, MD |
| Dec 18, 1990*
 |  | at Howard | **W** 77–62 | 3–3
 | Burr Gymnasium
Washington, D.C. |
| Dec 20, 1990*
 |  | vs. No. 3 Syracuse | **L** 73–78 | 3–4
 | Hersheypark Arena
Hershey, PA |
| Dec 28, 1990*
 |  | vs. Alabama
*Low Country Basketball Classic* | **L** 52–71 | 3–5
 |
Charleston, SC |
| Dec 29, 1990*
 |  | vs. Navy | **W** 90–75 | 4–5
 |
 |
| Jan 4, 1991*
 |  | Bucknell | **W** 85–84 | 5–5
 | Towson Center
Towson, MD |
| Jan 7, 1991*
 |  | at Lehigh | **L** 83–85 | 5–6
 | Stabler Arena
Bethlehem, PA |
| Jan 12, 1991
 |  | at Central Connecticut | **W** 82–72 | 6–6
(2–0) | William H. Detrick Gymnasium
New Britain, CT |
| Jan 16, 1991
 |  | Rider | **W** 75–71 | 7–6
(3–0) | Towson Center
Towson, MD |
| Jan 23, 1991
 |  | at Drexel | **W** 72–70 | 9–6
 | Daskalakis Athletic Center
Philadelphia, PA |
| Jan 26, 1991
 |  | at UMBC | **W** 83–68 | 10–6
 | Retriever Activities Center
Catonsville, MD |
| Jan 28, 1991*
 |  | at Bucknell | **W** 89–83 | 11–6
 | Davis Gym
Lewisburg, PA |
| Feb 2, 1991
 |  | at Rider | **W** 85–62 | 13–6
 | Alumni Gymnasium
Lawrenceville, NJ |
| Feb 4, 1991*
 |  | Loyola (MD) | **L** 84–85 | 13–7
 | Towson Center
Towson, MD |
| Feb 9, 1991
 |  | Central Connecticut | **W** 84–76 | 15–7
 | Towson Center
Towson, MD |
| Feb 13, 1991
 |  | Drexel | **L** 75–78 | 15–8
 | Towson Center
Towson, MD |
| Feb 23, 1991*
 |  | Youngstown State | **W** 80–75 | 17–9
 | Towson Center
Towson, MD |
| Feb 25, 1991*
 |  | at No. 20 Virginia | **L** 49–72 | 17–10
 | University Hall
Charlottesville, VA |
| ECC Tournament | | | | | | | | |
| Mar 3, 1991*
 |  | UMBC
*ECC Tournament Semifinal* | **W** 78–76 | 18–10
 | Towson Center
Towson, MD |
| Mar 4, 1991*
 |  | Rider
*ECC tournament championship* | **W** 69–63 | 19–10
 | Towson Center
Towson, MD |
| NCAA Tournament | | | | | | | | |
| Mar 15, 1991*
 | (16 MW) | vs. (1 MW) No. 5 Ohio State
*First Round* | **L** 86–97 | 19–11
 | UD Arena
Dayton, OH |
| *Non-conference game. #Rankings from AP poll. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses.
MW=Midwest.
All times are in Eastern Time. | | | | | | | | | | | |

## Awards and honors

## InfoBox

| 1990–91 Towson State Tigers men's basketball | |
| --- | --- |
| ECC Regular season champions
ECC tournament champions | |
| NCAA tournament | |
| Conference | East Coast Conference |
| Record | 19–11 (10–2 ECC) |
| Head coach |  |
| Home arena | Towson Center |
|


title: 1997 Australian Touring Car season

abstract: The 1997 Australian Touring Car season was the 38th year of touring car racing in Australia since the first runnings of the Australian Touring Car Championship and the fore-runner of the present day Bathurst 1000, the Armstrong 500. Two major touring car categories raced in Australia during 1997, V8 Supercar and Super Touring. Between them there were 26 touring car race meetings held during 1997; a ten-round series for V8 Supercars, the 1997 Australian Touring Car Championship (ATCC); an eight-round series for Super Touring, the 1997 Australian Super Touring Championship (ASTC); an unofficial four round series for V8 Supercars, the 1997 ARDC AMSCAR series; support programme events at the 1997 Australian Grand Prix and 1997 Sunbelt IndyCarnival and three stand alone long distance races, nicknamed 'enduros'.

text:
# 1997 Australian Touring Car season

The **1997 Australian Touring Car season** was the 38th year of touring car racing in Australia since the first runnings of the Australian Touring Car Championship and the fore-runner of the present day Bathurst 1000, the Armstrong 500.

Two major touring car categories raced in Australia during 1997, V8 Supercar and Super Touring. Between them there were 26 touring car race meetings held during 1997; a ten-round series for V8 Supercars, the 1997 Australian Touring Car Championship (ATCC); an eight-round series for Super Touring, the 1997 Australian Super Touring Championship (ASTC); an unofficial four round series for V8 Supercars, the 1997 ARDC AMSCAR series (the final edition of AMSCAR); support programme events at the 1997 Australian Grand Prix and 1997 Sunbelt IndyCarnival and three stand alone long distance races, nicknamed 'enduros'.

## Results and standings

### Race calendar

The 1997 Australian touring car season consisted of 26 events.

| Date | Series | Circuit | City / state | Winner | Team | Car | Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 7–9 Mar | Super Touring GT-P Race | Albert Park | Melbourne, Victoria | Jim Richards | Volvo Cars Australia | Volvo 850 |  |
| | TAC V8 Supercar Showdown | | | Russell Ingall | Perkins Engineering | Holden VS Commodore |  |
| 15 Mar | ATCC Round 1 | Calder Park Raceway | Melbourne, Victoria | Wayne Gardner | Wayne Gardner Racing | Holden VS Commodore |  |
| 5–6 Apr | Hog's Breath Cafe V8 Supercar Challenge | Surfers Paradise street circuit | Surfers Paradise, Queensland | Russell Ingall | Perkins Engineering | Holden VS Commodore |  |
| 13 Apr | ATCC Round 2 | Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit | Phillip Island, Victoria | Russell Ingall | Perkins Engineering | Holden VS Commodore |  |
| 27 Apr | ATCC Round 3 | Sandown International Raceway | Melbourne, Victoria | Glenn Seton | Glenn Seton Racing | Ford EL Falcon |  |
| 4 May | ATCC Round 4 | Symmons Plains Raceway | Launceston, Tasmania | Greg Murphy | Holden Racing Team | Holden VS Commodore |  |
| 4 May | ASTC Round 1 | Lakeside International Raceway | Brisbane, Queensland | Paul Morris | Paul Morris Motorsport | BMW 320i |  |
| 18 May | ATCC Round 5 | Winton Motor Raceway | Benalla, Victoria | Russell Ingall | Perkins Engineering | Holden VS Commodore |  |
| 25 May | ATCC Round 6 | Eastern Creek Raceway | Sydney, New South Wales | Glenn Seton | Glenn Seton Racing | Ford EL Falcon |  |
| 1 Jun | ASTC Round 2 | Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit | Phillip Island, Victoria | Paul Morris | Paul Morris Motorsport | BMW 320i |  |
| 15 Jun | ATCC Round 7 | Lakeside International Raceway | Brisbane, Queensland | John Bowe | Dick Johnson Racing | Ford EL Falcon |  |
| 22 Jun | ASTC Round 3 | Calder Park Raceway | Melbourne, Victoria | Geoff Brabham | Paul Morris Motorsport | BMW 320i |  |
| 22 Jun | AMSCAR Round 1 | Eastern Creek Raceway | Sydney, New South Wales | Allan McCarthy | West Coast Racing | Ford EL Falcon |  |
| 6 Jul | ATCC Round 8 | Barbagallo Raceway | Perth, Western Australia | Peter Brock | Holden Racing Team | Holden VS Commodore |  |
| 13 Jul | ATCC Round 9 | Mallala Motor Sport Park | Adelaide, South Australia | Greg Murphy | Holden Racing Team | Holden VS Commodore |  |
| 20 Jul | ASTC Round 4 | Amaroo Park | Sydney, New South Wales | Brad Jones | Brad Jones Racing | Audi A4 Quattro |  |
| | AMSCAR Round 2 | | | Mal Rose | Mal Rose Racing | Holden VS Commodore |  |
| 3 Aug | ATCC Round 10 | Oran Park Raceway | Sydney, New South Wales | Greg Murphy | Holden Racing Team | Holden VS Commodore |  |
| 10 Aug | ASTC Round 5 | Winton Motor Raceway | Benalla, Victoria | Paul Morris | Paul Morris Motorsport | BMW 320i |  |
| 24 Aug | ASTC Round 6 | Mallala Motor Sport Park | Adelaide, South Australia | Cameron McConville | Brad Jones Racing | Audi A4 Quattro |  |
| 31 Aug | AMSCAR Round 3 | Eastern Creek Raceway | Sydney, New South Wales | Mal Rose | Mal Rose Racing | Holden VS Commodore |  |
| 14 Sep | Tickford Sandown 500 | Sandown International Raceway | Melbourne, Victoria | Greg Murphy
Craig Lowndes | Holden Racing Team | Holden VS Commodore | report |
| 5 Oct | AMP Bathurst 1000 | Mount Panorama Circuit | Bathurst, New South Wales | Geoff Brabham
David Brabham | Paul Morris Motorsport | BMW 320i | report |
| 19 Oct | Primus 1000 Classic | Mount Panorama Circuit | Bathurst, New South Wales | Russell Ingall
Larry Perkins | Perkins Engineering | Holden VS Commodore | report |
| 26 Oct | ASTC Round 7 | Lakeside International Raceway | Brisbane, Queensland | Paul Morris | Paul Morris Motorsport | BMW 320i |  |
| 9 Nov | ASTC Round 8 | Amaroo Park | Sydney, New South Wales | Geoff Brabham | Paul Morris Motorsport | BMW 320i |  |
| 7 Dec | AMSCAR Round 4 | Eastern Creek Raceway | Sydney, New South Wales | Michael Donaher | Clive Wiseman Racing | Holden VS Commodore |  |
|

### Super Touring GT-P Race

This meeting was a support event of the 1997 Australian Grand Prix. The thin Super Touring field was bolstered by cars from the Australian GT-Production Car Championship (indicated in italics).

| Driver | No. | Team | Car | Race 1 | Race 2 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Jim Richards | 6 | Volvo Cars Australia | Volvo 850 | 1 | **1** |
| Steven Richards | 34 | Garry Rogers Motorsport | Honda Accord | 2 | **2** |
| Geoff Brabham | 83 | BMW Motorsport Australia | BMW 320i | DSQ | **3** |
| Paul Morris | 2 | BMW Motorsport Australia | BMW 320i | DSQ | **4** |
| Brad Jones | 1 | Brad Jones Racing | Audi A4 Quattro | DNF | **5** |
| Alan Jones | 3 | Brad Jones Racing | Audi A4 Quattro | 3 | **6** |
| Bob Tweedie | 79 | IBC Motorsport | Vauxhall Cavalier | 4 | **7** |
| *Cameron McConville* | 22 | *Warwick Fabrics* | *Porsche 993 RSCS* | 5 | **8** |
| *John Bowe* | 10 | *Ross Palmer Motorsport* | *Ferrari F355 Challenge* | 7 | **9** |
| Justin Mathews | 16 | Bob Holden Motors | BMW 318i | 6 | **10** |
| *Rusty French* | 28 |  | *Porsche 993 RSCS* | 8 | **11** |
| *Max Dunn* | 46 |  | *Porsche 993 RSCS* | 10 | **12** |
| *Ross Palmer* | 72 | *Ross Palmer Motorsport* | *Ferrari F355 Challenge* | DNF | **13** |
| Tony Newman | 37 | TC Motorsport | Peugeot 405 Mi16 | 9 | **14** |
| *Guy Gibbons* | 33 |  | *Subaru Impreza WRX* | 11 | **15** |
| *Ian McAllister* | 66 |  | *Volvo 850 T5-R* | 13 | **16** |
| *Eric Houghton* | 4 | *Zega Automotive Group* | *Mitsubishi Lancer RS-E Evo IV* | DNF | **17** |
| *Murray Carter* | 18 |  | *Nissan 200SX Turbo* | 14 | **18** |
| *Colin Osborne* | 21 | *Osborne Motorsport* | *Toyota MR2 Bathurst* | 12 | **19** |
| *Andrej Pavicevic* | 31 |  | *Subaru Impreza WRX* | DNF | **DNS** |
| Peter Hills | 88 | Knight Racing | Ford Mondeo | DNS | **DNS** |

### TAC V8 Supercar Showdown

This meeting was a support event of the 1997 Australian Grand Prix.

| Driver | No. | Team | Car | Race 1 | Race 2 | Race 3 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Russell Ingall | 8 | Perkins Engineering | Holden VS Commodore | 1 | 1 | **1** |
| Larry Perkins | 11 | Perkins Engineering | Holden VS Commodore | 2 | 2 | **2** |
| Peter Brock | 05 | Holden Racing Team | Holden VS Commodore | 6 | 3 | **3** |
| John Bowe | 18 | Dick Johnson Racing | Ford EL Falcon | DNS | 5 | **4** |
| Greg Murphy | 15 | Holden Racing Team | Holden VS Commodore | 3 | 8 | **5** |
| Wayne Gardner | 7 | Wayne Gardner Racing | Holden VS Commodore | DNS | 7 | **6** |
| Dick Johnson | 17 | Dick Johnson Racing | Ford EL Falcon | 7 | 4 | **7** |
| Alan Jones | 9 | Alan Jones Racing | Ford EL Falcon | 5 | 6 | **8** |
| John Faulkner | 46 | John Faulkner Racing | Holden VS Commodore | 22 | 11 | **9** |
| Tony Longhurst | 25 | Longhurst Racing | Ford EL Falcon | 14 | 9 | **10** |
| Mark Noske | 97 | Holden Racing Team | Holden VS Commodore | 9 | 10 | **11** |
| Steve Ellery | 52 | Longhurst Racing | Ford EL Falcon | 24 | 12 | **12** |
| Glenn Seton | 30 | Glenn Seton Racing | Ford EL Falcon | 4 | DNS | **13** |
| Trevor Ashby | 3 | Lansvale Racing Team | Holden VS Commodore | 11 | 15 | **14** |
| Mark Skaife | 2 | Gibson Motorsport | Holden VS Commodore | DNF | 13 | **15** |
| Kevin Schwantz | 75 | John Sidney Racing | Ford EF Falcon | 26 | 18 | **16** |
| Tomas Mezera | 47 | Daily Planet Racing | Holden VS Commodore | DNF | 17 | **17** |
| Steven Richards | 34 | Garry Rogers Motorsport | Holden VS Commodore | 12 | 14 | **18** |
| Terry Finnigan | 27 |  | Holden VS Commodore | 15 | DNF | **19** |
| Kevin Heffernan | 74 | PACE Racing | Holden VS Commodore | 25 | 21 | **20** |
| Mark Larkham | 10 | Larkham Motor Sport | Ford EL Falcon | 10 | 20 | **21** |
| Anthony Tratt | 42 |  | Holden VP Commodore | 17 | 16 | **22** |
| Chris Smerdon | 39 | Challenge Motorsport | Holden VS Commodore | 16 | 19 | **23** |
| Malcolm Stenniken | 14 |  | Holden VR Commodore | 18 | 28 | **24** |
| Ian Palmer | 20 | Palmer Promotions | Holden VS Commodore | 19 | 25 | **25** |
| Wayne Russell | 62 |  | Holden VP Commodore | 20 | 24 | **26** |
| Shaun Walker | 99 |  | Holden VS Commodore | 23 | 27 | **27** |
| Mike Conway | 79 | Cadillac Productions | Holden VP Commodore | 21 | DNF | **28** |
| John Cotter | 26 | M3 Motorsport | Holden VP Commodore | DNF | 26 | **29** |
| Neil Crompton | 4 | Wayne Gardner Racing | Holden VS Commodore | 8 | 23 | **DNF** |
| Mark Poole | 38 | James Rosenberg Racing | Holden VS Commodore | 13 | 22 | **DNS** |
| Rob Middleton | 66 | Clive Wiseman Racing | Holden VP Commodore | DNF | DNS | **DNS** |

### Australian Touring Car Championship

### Hog's Breath V8 Supercar Challenge

This meeting was a support event of the 1997 Sunbelt IndyCarnival.

| Driver | No. | Team | Car | Race 1 | Race 2 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Russell Ingall | 8 | Perkins Engineering | Holden VS Commodore | 2 | **1** |
| Larry Perkins | 11 | Perkins Engineering | Holden VS Commodore | 5 | **2** |
| Wayne Gardner | 7 | Wayne Gardner Racing | Holden VS Commodore | 7 | **3** |
| Neil Crompton | 4 | Wayne Gardner Racing | Holden VS Commodore | 6 | **4** |
| Tony Longhurst | 25 | Longhurst Racing | Ford EL Falcon | 8 | **5** |
| Alan Jones | 9 | Alan Jones Racing | Ford EL Falcon | 3 | **6** |
| Mark Larkham | 10 | Larkham Motor Sport | Ford EL Falcon | 10 | **7** |
| John Faulkner | 46 | John Faulkner Racing | Holden VS Commodore | 9 | **8** |
| Peter Brock | 05 | Holden Racing Team | Holden VS Commodore | 4 | **9** |
| Steve Ellery | 52 | Longhurst Racing | Ford EL Falcon | 13 | **10** |
| Steven Johnson | 49 | Alcair Racing | Holden VS Commodore | DNF | **11** |
| Tomas Mezera | 47 | Daily Planet Racing | Holden VS Commodore | DNF | **12** |
| John Bowe | 18 | Dick Johnson Racing | Ford EL Falcon | DNF | **13** |
| Steve Reed | 3 | Lansvale Racing Team | Holden VS Commodore | DNF | **14** |
| Kevin Heffernan | 74 | PACE Racing | Holden VS Commodore | DNF | **15** |
| Garry Willmington | 41 | Garry Willmington Performance | Ford EB Falcon | 16 | **16** |
| Wayne Russell | 62 |  | Holden VP Commodore | 14 | **17** |
| Greg Murphy | 15 | Holden Racing Team | Holden VS Commodore | 1 | **DNF** |
| Mark Poole | 38 | James Rosenberg Racing | Holden VS Commodore | 12 | **DNF** |
| Danny Osborne | 22 | Colourscan Motorsport | Ford EF Falcon | 15 | **DNF** |
| Paul Romano | 24 | Romano Racing | Holden VS Commodore | 11 | **DNF** |
| Glenn Seton | 30 | Glenn Seton Racing | Ford EL Falcon | DNF | **DNS** |
| Dick Johnson | 17 | Dick Johnson Racing | Ford EL Falcon | DNF | **DNS** |
| Steven Richards | 34 | Garry Rogers Motorsport | Holden VS Commodore | DNF | **DNS** |
| Terry Finnigan | 27 |  | Holden VS Commodore | DNF | **DNS** |

### Australian Super Touring Championship

### ARDC AMSCAR series

### Tickford 500

### AMP Bathurst 1000

### Primus 1000 Classic


title: Firebird (company)

abstract: Firebird Music Holdings, often simply called Firebird, is a music company that includes data analytics offerings, record labels and talent management companies to provide career and brand guidance to musical artists.

text:
# Firebird (company)

**Firebird Music Holdings**, often simply called **Firebird**, is a music company that includes data analytics offerings, record labels and talent management companies to provide career and brand guidance to musical artists.

## History

Firebird was founded in 2022 by former Kohlberg Kravis Roberts senior partner and chairman of Gibson Brands Nat Zilkha and music and technology executive Nathan Hubbard. The company was created to provide data analytics, access to capital and traditional artist management to help musicians build their brands and maximize their revenues through recorded music, concerts and other live events, film and television, Video games, apparel, beauty, food and beverage.

Since launch, Firebird has invested several hundred million dollars in recording labels and music companies and maintains access to over $1 billion in capital. The company has acquired stakes in companies and labels, including Red Light Management, Mick Management, Transgressive Records, Defected Records, Tape Room, One Two Many Music, Ntertain, EasierSaid and Leo33. Through these stakes, Firebird's roster includes artists such as Mumford & Sons, Maggie Rogers, Chris Stapleton, Dave Matthews Band, Phish and Leon Bridges, all of whom have been nominated for or won Grammy Awards.

As of June 2024, the company investors include The Raine Group, Kohlberg Kravis Roberts and Goldman Sachs.

In June 2023, Firebird partnered with TikTok stars the D'Amelios, including Charli D'Amelio and her sister Dixie D'Amelio, to launch talent management company DamGood Mgmt.

## InfoBox

Firebird Music Holdings
| Company type | Privately held company |
| --- | --- |
| Industry | Music |
| Founded | 2022 |
| Founder | Nat Zilkha and Nathan Hubbard |
| Website | https://firebirdmusic.com/ |


title: Fred Stancliffe

abstract: Frederick Ephraim Stancliffe was an Australian rules footballer who played with Collingwood in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

text:
# Fred Stancliffe

**Frederick Ephraim Stancliffe** (21 October 1885 – 13 January 1975) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Collingwood in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

## InfoBox

| Fred Stancliffe | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Full name | Frederick Ephraim Stancliffe | | |
| Date of birth | (1885-10-21)21 October 1885 | | |
| Place of birth | Collingwood, Victoria | | |
| Date of death | 13 January 1975(1975-01-13) (aged 89) | | |
| Place of death | Wynyard, Tasmania | | |
| Original team(s) | North Carlton Presbyterians | | |
| Height | 185 cm (6 ft 1 in) | | |
| Weight | 85 kg (187 lb) | | |
| Playing career1 | | | |
| Years | **Club** | **Games (Goals)** |
| 1905–07 | Collingwood | 12 (6) |
| 1 Playing statistics correct to the end of 1907. | | | |
| Sources: AFL Tables, AustralianFootball.com | | | |


title: 2014 UCI Oceania Tour

abstract:
The 2014 UCI Oceania Tour was the tenth season of the UCI Oceania Tour. The season began on 29 January 2014 with the New Zealand Cycle Classic and ended on 22 February 2014 with the Oceania Cycling Championships. The points leader, based on the cumulative results of previous races, wears the UCI Oceania Tour cycling jersey. Damien Howson from Australia was the defending 2013 UCI Oceania Tour champion. Throughout the season, points are awarded to the top finishers of stages within stage races and the final general classification standings of each of the stages races and one-day events. The quality and complexity of a race also determines how many points are awarded to the top finishers, the higher the UCI rating of a race, the more points are awarded.
The UCI ratings from highest to lowest are as follows:
  - Multi-day events: 2.HC, 2.1 and 2.2
  - One-day events: 1.HC, 1.1 and 1.2

text:
# 2014 UCI Oceania Tour

The **2014 UCI Oceania Tour** was the tenth season of the UCI Oceania Tour. The season began on 29 January 2014 with the New Zealand Cycle Classic and ended on 22 February 2014 with the Oceania Cycling Championships.

The points leader, based on the cumulative results of previous races, wears the UCI Oceania Tour cycling jersey. Damien Howson from Australia was the defending 2013 UCI Oceania Tour champion.

Throughout the season, points are awarded to the top finishers of stages within stage races and the final general classification standings of each of the stages races and one-day events. The quality and complexity of a race also determines how many points are awarded to the top finishers, the higher the UCI rating of a race, the more points are awarded. The UCI ratings from highest to lowest are as follows:

* Multi-day events: 2.HC, 2.1 and 2.2
* One-day events: 1.HC, 1.1 and 1.2

## Events

| Date | Race Name | Location | UCI Rating | Winner | Team |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 29 January-2 February | New Zealand Cycle Classic | New Zealand | 2.2 | Michael Vink (NZL) | Team Budget Forklifts |
| 5–9 February | Herald Sun Tour | Australia | 2.1 | Simon Clarke (AUS) | Orica–GreenEDGE |
| 21 February | Oceania Cycling ChampionshipsTime Trial | Australia | CC | Joseph Cooper (NZL) | New Zealand (national team) |
| 23 February | Oceania Cycling ChampionshipsRoad Race | Australia | CC | Luke Durbridge (AUS) | Australia (national team) |

## Final standings

### Individual classification

| Rank | Name | Points |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | Robert Power (AUS) | 70 |
| 2. | Michael Vink (NZL) | 66 |
| 3. | Brenton Jones (AUS) | 45 |
| 4. | Bernard Sulzberger (AUS) | 40 |
| 5. | James Oram (NZL) | 38 |
| 6. | Jack Haig (AUS) | 38 |
| 7. | Robert-Jon McCarthy (AUS) | 36 |
| 8. | Neil Van Der Ploeg (AUS) | 34 |
| 9. | William Clarke (AUS) | 26 |
| 10. | Tommy Nankervis (AUS) | 25 |

### Team classification

| Rank | Team | Points |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | Avanti Racing Team | 174 |
| 2. | Drapac Professional Cycling | 156 |
| 3. | Team Budget Forklifts | 118 |
| 4. | An Post–Chain Reaction | 44 |
| 5. | Rapha Condor–JLT | 40 |
| 6. | Bissell Development Team | 38 |
| 7. | Madison-Genesis | 26 |
| 8. | OCBC Singapore Continental Cycling Team | 17 |
| 9. | Synergy Baku Cycling Project | 9 |
| 10. | UnitedHealthcare | 5 |

### Nation classification

| Rank | Nation | Points |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | Australia | 1101 |
| 2. | New Zealand | 474 |

## InfoBox

2014 UCI Oceania Tour
| Tenth edition of the UCI Oceania Tour | |
| --- | --- |
| Details | |
| Dates | 29 January 2014 (2014-01-29)–22 February 2014 |
| Location | Oceania |
| Races | 4 |
|


abstract: The 2012–13 Stanford Cardinal men's basketball team represented Stanford University during the 2012–13 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Cardinal, led by fifth year head coach Johnny Dawkins, played their home games at Maples Pavilion and were members of the Pac-12 Conference. They finished the season 19–15, 9–9 in Pac-12 play to finish in a four way tie for sixth place. They lost in the first round of the Pac-12 tournament to Arizona State. They were invited to the 2013 NIT where they defeated Stephen F. Austin in the first round before losing in the second round to Alabama.

text:
# 2012–13 Stanford Cardinal men's basketball team

2012–13 Pac-12 Conference
men's basketball standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | PCT |  |  | W |  | L |  | PCT |
| No. 24 UCLA | 13 |  | 5 |  | .722 |  |  | 25 |  | 10 |  | .714 |
| No. 25 Oregon | 12 |  | 6 |  | .667 |  |  | 28 |  | 9 |  | .757 |
| No. 21 Arizona | 12 |  | 6 |  | .667 |  |  | 27 |  | 8 |  | .771 |
| California | 12 |  | 6 |  | .667 |  |  | 21 |  | 12 |  | .636 |
| Colorado | 10 |  | 8 |  | .556 |  |  | 21 |  | 12 |  | .636 |
| Arizona State | 9 |  | 9 |  | .500 |  |  | 22 |  | 13 |  | .629 |
| Stanford | 9 |  | 9 |  | .500 |  |  | 19 |  | 15 |  | .559 |
| Washington | 9 |  | 9 |  | .500 |  |  | 18 |  | 16 |  | .529 |
| USC | 9 |  | 9 |  | .500 |  |  | 14 |  | 18 |  | .438 |
| Utah | 5 |  | 13 |  | .278 |  |  | 15 |  | 18 |  | .455 |
| Oregon State | 4 |  | 14 |  | .222 |  |  | 14 |  | 18 |  | .438 |
| Washington State | 4 |  | 14 |  | .222 |  |  | 13 |  | 19 |  | .406 |
|  | | | | | |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Conference tournament winner
As of March 23, 2013
Rankings from AP Poll | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The **2012–13 Stanford Cardinal men's basketball team** represented Stanford University during the 2012–13 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Cardinal, led by fifth year head coach Johnny Dawkins, played their home games at Maples Pavilion and were members of the Pac-12 Conference. They finished the season 19–15, 9–9 in Pac-12 play to finish in a four way tie for sixth place. They lost in the first round of the Pac-12 tournament to Arizona State. They were invited to the 2013 NIT where they defeated Stephen F. Austin in the first round before losing in the second round to Alabama.

## Roster

| Number | Name | Position | Height | Weight | Year | Hometown |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Christian Sanders | Guard | 6-4 | 185 | Freshman | Houston, Texas |
| 2 | Aaron Bright | Guard | 5–11 | 178 | Junior | Bellevue, Washington |
| 4 | Stefan Nastić | Center | 6–11 | 245 | RS Sophomore | Thornhill, Ontario, Canada |
| 5 | Chasson Randle | Guard | 6–1 | 180 | Sophomore | Rock Island, Illinois |
| 10 | Robbie Lemons | Guard | 6–3 | 205 | Junior | Carmichael, California |
| 11 | Andy Brown | Forward | 6–7 | 215 | RS Senior | Yorba Linda, California |
| 12 | Rosco Allen | Forward | 6–9 | 215 | Freshman | Las Vegas, Nevada |
| 14 | Jack Ryan | Guard/Forward | 6–7 | 210 | Sophomore | Glenview, Illinois |
| 20 | Wade Morgan | Guard | 6-1 | 168 | Sophomore | South Orange, New Jersey |
| 21 | Anthony Brown | Guard/Forward | 6–6 | 210 | Junior | Huntington Beach, California |
| 23 | Gabriel Harris | Guard | 6–2 | 190 | Senior | Birmingham, Alabama |
| 24 | Josh Huestis | Forward | 6–7 | 230 | Junior | Great Falls, Montana |
| 30 | Grant Verhoeven | Center | 6–9 | 220 | Freshman | Visalia, California |
| 33 | Dwight Powell | Forward | 6–10 | 235 | Junior | Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
| 40 | John Gage | Forward/Center | 6–10 | 235 | Junior | Vashon Island, Washington |
| 51 | Elliott Bullock | Forward/Center | 6-11 | 245 | Junior | Salt Lake City, Utah |

## Schedule

| Date
time, TV | Rank# | Opponent# | Result | Record | Site (attendance)
city, state |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Exhibition | | | | | | | | |
| 11/04/2012*
1:00 pm |  | UNC Pembroke | **W** 85–71 |
 | Maples Pavilion (3,977)
Stanford, CA |
| Regular season | | | | | | | | |
| 11/09/2012*
8:00 pm, P12N |  | vs. San Francisco | **W** 74–62 | 1–0
 | Oracle Arena (3,200)
Oakland, CA |
| 11/12/2012*
8:30 pm, P12N |  | Cal State Fullerton | **W** 81–68 | 2–0
 | Maples Pavilion (4,161)
Stanford, CA |
| 11/15/2012*
6:00 pm, P12N |  | Alcorn State | **W** 69–51 | 3–0
 | Maples Pavilion (4,028)
Stanford, CA |
| 11/18/2012*
6:00 pm, P12N |  | Belmont | **L** 62–70 | 3–1
 | Maples Pavilion (4,365)
Stanford, CA |
| 11/22/2012*
10:00 am, AXS TV |  | vs. No. 13 Missouri
*Battle 4 Atlantis Quarterfinals* | **L** 70–78 | 3–2
 | Imperial Arena (3,217)
Nassau, BAH |
| 11/23/2012*
12:30 pm, AXS TV |  | vs. Northern Iowa
*Battle 4 Atlantis Consolation round* | **W** 66–50 | 4–2
 | Imperial Arena (1,462)
Nassau, BAH |
| 11/24/2012*
12:30 pm, AXS TV |  | vs. Minnesota
*Battle 4 Atlantis 5th place game* | **L** 63–66 | 4–3
 | Imperial Arena (1,845)
Nassau, BAH |
| 11/28/2012*
7:00 pm, P12N |  | Seattle | **W** 68–57 | 5–3
 | Maples Pavilion (4,381)
Stanford, CA |
| 12/02/2012*
2:00 pm, P12N |  | Denver | **W** 71–58 | 6–3
 | Maples Pavilion (4,340)
Stanford, CA |
| 12/15/2012*
2:00 pm, P12N |  | UC Davis | **W** 75–52 | 7–3
 | Maples Pavilion (4,627)
Stanford, CA |
| 12/18/2012*
6:00 pm, ESPN2 |  | at No. 25 NC State | **L** 79–88 | 7–4
 | PNC Arena (15,772)
Raleigh, NC |
| 12/21/2012*
6:00 pm, BTN |  | at Northwestern | **W** 70–68 | 8–4
 | Welsh-Ryan Arena (6,718)
Evanston, IL |
| 12/29/2012*
7:30 pm, P12N |  | Lafayette | **W** 65–59 | 9–4
 | Maples Pavilion (4,941)
Stanford, CA |
| 01/03/2013
7:00 pm, ESPNU |  | at USC | **L** 69–71 | 9–5 (0–1)
 | Galen Center (3,026)
Los Angeles, CA |
| 01/05/2013
12:00 pm, P12N |  | at UCLA | **L** 60–68 | 9–6 (0–2)
 | Pauley Pavilion (10,266)
Los Angeles, CA |
| 01/09/2013
7:00 pm, P12N |  | Washington State | **W** 78–67 | 10–6 (1–2)
 | Maples Pavilion (4,476)
Stanford, CA |
| 01/12/2013
8:00 pm, FSN |  | Washington | **L** 60–65 | 10–7 (1–3)
 | Maples Pavilion (4,451)
Stanford, CA |
| 01/19/2013
1:30 pm, FSN |  | California | **W** 69–59 | 11–7 (2–3)
 | Maples Pavilion (5,877)
Stanford, CA |
| 01/24/2013
7:00 pm, ESPNU |  | at Colorado | **L** 54–75 | 11–8 (2–4)
 | Coors Events Center (11,212)
Boulder, CO |
| 01/27/2013
6:00 pm, P12N |  | at Utah | **W** 87–56 | 12–8 (3–4)
 | Jon M. Huntsman Center (7,769)
Salt Lake City, UT |
| 01/30/2013
8:00 pm, ESPNU |  | No. 10 Oregon | **W** 76–52 | 13–8 (4–4)
 | Maples Pavilion (4,816)
Stanford, CA |
| 02/03/2013
12:00 pm, P12N |  | Oregon State | **W** 81–73 | 14–8 (5–4)
 | Maples Pavilion (4,733)
Stanford, CA |
| 02/06/2013
6:00 pm, ESPNews |  | at No. 7 Arizona | **L** 66–73 | 14–9 (5–5)
 | McKale Center (14,545)
Tucson, AZ |
| 02/09/2013
4:00 pm, ESPNU |  | at Arizona State | **W** 62–59 | 15–9 (6–5)
 | Wells Fargo Arena (8,459)
Tempe, AZ |
| 02/14/2013
8:00 pm, ESPNU |  | USC | **L** 64–65 | 15–10 (6–6)
 | Maples Pavilion (4,367)
Stanford, CA |
| 02/16/2013
1:00 pm, ESPN2 |  | UCLA | **L** 80–88 | 15–11 (6–7)
 | Maples Pavilion (6,562)
Stanford, CA |
| 02/21/2013
8:00 pm, ESPNU |  | at Oregon State | **W** 82–72 | 16–11 (7–7)
 | Gill Coliseum (4,649)
Corvallis, OR |
| 02/23/2013
5:00 pm, P12N |  | at No. 23 Oregon | **L** 66–77 | 16–12 (7–8)
 | Matthew Knight Arena (12,364)
Eugene, OR |
| 02/27/2013
8:00 pm, ESPN2 |  | Colorado | **L** 63–65 | 16–13 (7–9)
 | Maples Pavilion (4,395)
Stanford, CA |
| 03/03/2013
2:00 pm, P12N |  | Utah | **W** 84–66 | 17–13 (8–9)
 | Maples Pavilion (5,433)
Stanford, CA |
| 03/06/2013
8:00 pm, ESPN2 |  | at California | **W** 83–70 | 18–13 (9–9)
 | Haas Pavilion (11,877)
Berkeley, CA |
| 2013 Pac-12 tournament | | | | | | | | |
| 03/13/2013
12:00 pm, P12N |  | vs. Arizona State
*First Round* | **L** 88–89 OT | 18–14
 | MGM Grand Garden Arena (7,451)
Paradise, NV |
| 2013 NIT | | | | | | | | |
| 03/19/2013*
8:00 pm, ESPN2 | No. (4) | (5) Stephen F. Austin
*First Round* | **W** 58–57 | 19–14
 | Maples Pavilion (1,050)
Stanford, CA |
| 03/23/2013*
9:00 am, ESPN | No. (4) | (1) Alabama
*Second Round* | **L** 54–66 | 19–15
 | Coleman Coliseum (6,148)
Tuscaloosa, AL |
| *Non-conference game. #Rankings from AP Poll. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses.
All times are in Pacific Time. (#) during NIT is seed within region. | | | | | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

| 2012–13 Stanford Cardinal men's basketball | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| NIT, Second Round | |
| Conference | Pac-12 Conference |
| Record | 19–15 (9–9 Pac-12) |
| Head coach |  |
| Assistant coaches |  |
| Home arena | Maples Pavilion |
|


title: Ethnic Japanese

abstract:
Ethnic Japanese may refer to:
  - Japanese people, an ethnic group native to Japan
    - Yamato people, the dominant native ethnic group of Japan
    - Ainu people, an indigenous people in Japan and Russia
    - Ryukyuan people, indigenous peoples of the Ryukyu Islands between the islands of Kyushu and Taiwan
  - Japanese diaspora, emigrants from Japan and their descendants that reside in a foreign country
    - Ryukyuan diaspora, emigrants of Ryukyuan ethnicity and their descendants who reside outside of the Ryukyu Islands

text:
# Ethnic Japanese

**Ethnic Japanese** may refer to:

* Japanese people, an ethnic group native to Japan
    + Yamato people, the dominant native ethnic group of Japan
    + Ainu people, an indigenous people in Japan and Russia
    + Ryukyuan people, indigenous peoples of the Ryukyu Islands between the islands of Kyushu and Taiwan
* Japanese diaspora, emigrants from Japan and their descendants that reside in a foreign country
    + Ryukyuan diaspora, emigrants of Ryukyuan ethnicity and their descendants who reside outside of the Ryukyu Islands


title: 80P/Peters–Hartley

abstract: 80P/Peters–Hartley is a periodic comet in the Solar System with an orbital period of 8.12 years. It was originally discovered by Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters of Capodimonte Observatory, Naples, Italy. There was insufficient data to accurately compute the orbit, and the comet was lost for well over a hundred years. It was accidentally rediscovered by Malcolm Hartley at the UK Schmidt Telescope Unit, Siding Spring, Australia on a photographic plate exposed on 11 July 1982. He estimated its brightness at a magnitude of 15. The sighting was confirmed by the Perth Observatory, where M. C. Candy calculated the orbit and concluded that Hartley had indeed relocated the lost Peter's comet. I. Hasegawa and Syuichi Nakano had simultaneously reached the same conclusion. It was observed at its next apparition in 1990 by R. H. McNaught of the Siding Spring observatory, who described as diffuse with a brightness of magnitude 14. It was subsequently observed in 1998, 2006 and 2014.

text:
# 80P/Peters–Hartley

**80P/Peters–Hartley** is a periodic comet in the Solar System with an orbital period of 8.12 years.

It was originally discovered by Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters of Capodimonte Observatory, Naples, Italy. There was insufficient data to accurately compute the orbit, and the comet was lost for well over a hundred years.

It was accidentally rediscovered by Malcolm Hartley at the UK Schmidt Telescope Unit, Siding Spring, Australia on a photographic plate exposed on 11 July 1982. He estimated its brightness at a magnitude of 15. The sighting was confirmed by the Perth Observatory, where M. C. Candy calculated the orbit and concluded that Hartley had indeed relocated the lost Peter's comet. I. Hasegawa and Syuichi Nakano had simultaneously reached the same conclusion.

It was observed at its next apparition in 1990 by R. H. McNaught of the Siding Spring observatory, who described as diffuse with a brightness of magnitude 14. It was subsequently observed in 1998, 2006 and 2014.

## InfoBox

80P/Peters–Hartley
| Discovery | |
| --- | --- |
| Discovered by | Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters of Capodimonte Observatory, Naples, Italy |
| Discovery date | 26 June 1846 |
| Designations | |
| Alternative designations | 1990 IX, 1990d, 80P/1982 N1, 1982 III, 1982h, 80P/1846 M1, 1846 VI |
| Orbital characteristics | |
| Epoch | 9 December 2014 |
| Aphelion | 6.46 AU |
| Perihelion | 1.6127 AU |
| Semi-major axis | 4.022 AU |
| Eccentricity | 0.599 |
| Orbital period | 8.12 |
| Inclination | 29.922° |
| Last perihelion | 2022-Dec-08<br>2014-Nov-10 |
| Next perihelion | 2030-Dec-28 |


title: 1971 Porirua mayoral election

abstract: The 1971 Porirua mayoral election was part of the New Zealand local elections held that same year. The elections were held for the role of Mayor of Porirua plus other local government positions including twelve city councillors, also elected triennially. The polling was conducted using the standard first-past-the-post electoral method.

text:
# 1971 Porirua mayoral election

The **1971 Porirua mayoral election** was part of the New Zealand local elections held that same year. The elections were held for the role of Mayor of Porirua plus other local government positions including twelve city councillors, also elected triennially. The polling was conducted using the standard first-past-the-post electoral method.

## Background

The incumbent Mayor, Whitford Brown, sought re-election for a fourth term. He was opposed by councillor Bill Arnold. Brown was re-elected in a landslide result. Although polling poorly for the mayoralty, Arnold was re-elected comfortably for the city council.

## Mayoral results

1971 Porirua mayoral election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Whitford Brown** | **3,426** | **78.86** | **+17.21** |
|  | Independent | Bill Arnold | 820 | 18.87 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 98 | 2.25 | +0.68 |
| Majority | | | 2,606 | 59.99 | +35.11 |
| Turnout | | | 4,344 |  |  |

## Councillor results

1971 Porirua City Council election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Ind. Progressive** | **Mary Bannerman** | **2,167** | **63.62** | **+18.26** |
|  | **Labour** | **George Moke** | **2,099** | **61.62** | **+8.88** |
|  | **Labour** | **Tutuira Wi Neera** | **2,052** | **60.24** | **+2.19** |
|  | **Independent** | **Bill Arnold** | **2,000** | **58.71** | **+6.15** |
|  | **Labour** | **Rex Willing** | **1,879** | **55.16** | **+8.30** |
|  | **Ind. Progressive** | **Puoho Katene** | **1,834** | **53.84** | **−1.18** |
|  | **Labour** | **Aileen Dette** | **1,821** | **53.46** |  |
|  | **Labour** | **Ted Taylor** | **1,797** | **52.75** | **+0.12** |
|  | **Ind. Progressive** | **Hec Stuart** | **1,794** | **52.67** | **+6.74** |
|  | **Independent** | **Alf Mexted** | **1,682** | **49.38** | **+4.48** |
|  | **Ind. Progressive** | **Ned Nathan** | **1,577** | **46.30** |  |
|  | **Labour** | **John Burke** | **1,465** | **43.01** |  |
|  | Labour | Terry O'Brien | 1,455 | 42.71 |  |
|  | Independent | Frank McIlwee | 1,453 | 42.66 | +4.35 |
|  | Labour | Ronald Elliott | 1,441 | 42.30 |  |
|  | Labour | Frances Hunter | 1,312 | 38.52 |  |
|  | Labour | Afano Sua | 1,261 | 37.02 |  |
|  | Independent | John Thompson | 1,243 | 36.49 |  |
|  | Ind. Progressive | Jim Slader | 1,217 | 35.73 | −6.10 |
|  | Independent | John Harvey | 1,049 | 30.79 |  |
|  | Independent | Tagipo Faanana | 1,046 | 30.71 |  |
|  | Independent | Ian Parker | 976 | 28.65 |  |
|  | Ind. Progressive | Stella Harley | 950 | 27.89 |  |
|  | Independent | Wera Valentine Couch | 918 | 26.95 |  |
|  | Labour | Eric Lloyd | 904 | 26.54 |  |
|  | Independent | Alastair Wilson | 885 | 25.98 |  |
|  | Independent | Terence Lewis Lloyd | 698 | 20.49 |  |
|  | Independent | Welby Charles McMurtle | 573 | 16.82 |  |
|  | Independent | Charles Frank Muncey | 417 | 12.24 |  |

## InfoBox

1971 Porirua mayoral election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Turnout | 4,344 |
| Candidate Whitford Brown Bill Arnold  Party Independent Independent  Popular vote 3,426 820  Percentage 78.86 18.87 | |
| ---  **Mayor before election**
Whitford Brown
 **Elected mayor**
Whitford Brown
 | |


title: Baraboo School District

abstract: Baraboo School District is a school district headquartered in Baraboo, Wisconsin. The district serves Baraboo, West Baraboo, North Freedom, and a portion of Lake Delton.

text:
# Baraboo School District

**Baraboo School District** is a school district headquartered in Baraboo, Wisconsin.

The district serves Baraboo, West Baraboo, North Freedom, and a portion of Lake Delton.

## History

The City of Baraboo incorporated in 1882. When the school district was first established, the district was solely within the City of Baraboo; the district charged tuition for students living in West Baraboo in other surrounding areas. The Mayor of Baraboo appointed members of the school board.

The city had three wards upon its creation, and the initial plan was that one school building would serve one ward. New schools were built to serve those wards.

The board system changed to one where citizens vote for board members in 1938. The district expanded in size in 1961-1962, so areas previously paying tuition no longer had to.

## Schools

Secondary:

* Baraboo High School
* Jack Young Middle School
    + It is located in far northwest Baraboo, on land donated by the Draper family.
    + By the period prior to 1928 Baraboo Junior High occupied one of two buildings on the block of 311 Ash Street, with both sharing a heating system, and the other being Baraboo High School. In 1929 a new high school campus at 124 Second Street, designed by Claude and Starck of Madison, Wisconsin and funded by $225,000, opened; it was under construction since 1928. The previous junior high building of 311 Ash Street was demolished while the former senior high school building at that address became the junior high building. In 1938 an underground passage was built between 124 2nd and 311 Ash. In 1961 a new high school building opened, and the 124 Second Street building became the new junior high school. The former 311 Ash junior high school building was demolished. The current junior high/middle school building opened in 1979, and that year 124 Second Street became the Baraboo Civic Center. The Civic Center building is a part of the Downtown Baraboo Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 8, 2015. In 2015 the school received a new classroom devoted to courses related to mathematics, science, and technology.

Primary:

* Al Behrman Elementary School
    + The $320,555 South School opened in 1956. It is now known as Al Behrman Elementary.
* East Elementary School
    + The $372,998 school opened in 1954. A new library and media center was built circa June 2015.
* Gordon L. Willson Elementary School
    + The construction occurred in the years 1969 and 1970. In 1986 an addition on the north lawn was being built. In 1987 and 1989 the additions were installed, including a 12 classroom wing. In addition, there was an interior renovation.
* North Freedom Elementary School
    + It opened in 1902. In 1976 it had the value of $147,000 and was the only elementary school that the district was using that had not been built within 30 years prior.

Kindergarten:

* West Kindergarten Center
    + A one story school, previously operating as West Elementary School, it is between Downtown Baraboo and Oschner Park. The West School, built for $261,370, opened 1951, replacing the First Ward School, and the Second Ward School.

Preschools:

* Baraboo Early Learning Cooperative (BELC)

### Former schools

In 1885 the $8,000 First Ward School opened at the intersection of Summit Street and Sixth Avenue.

The Second Ward School, a Queen Anne style building, was built in 1889. The Madison company Conover & Porter designed it.

On January 9, 1883, the Third Ward School, a six classroom Queen Anne building, opened after having been under construction since 1882. The school was located at Elm Street at Grove Street. The Third Ward had a major population increase due to the 1871 construction of a railroad.

According to the Baraboo Historical Society, in 1950 a fire ruined the First Ward School building. A document posted by the Baraboo Public Library stated that the fire destroyed the Second Ward School Building.

Some former schools were acquired by the district in the 1960s. Lyons, now known as West Baraboo, was served by a wood schoolhouse until a permanent brick one was built in 1901. The former wood building became a storage unit and was relocated to Oschner Park. The brick building was razed in 1981. The $56,444 Pleasant Valley School opened in 1956. The $93,889 Fairfield Center School, located 6 miles (9.7 km) northwest of the center of Baraboo, opened in 1960.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Baraboo School District | |
| --- | --- |
| 423 Linn Street Baraboo, Sauk County, Wisconsin, 53913 | |
| District information | |
| Grades | PK-12 |
| Superintendent | Dr. Rainey Briggs |
| Schools | 8 |
| Students and staff | |
| Athletic conference | Badger |
| Other information | |
| Website | https://www.baraboo.k12.wi.us/ |


title: 2014 Kraft Nabisco Championship

abstract: The 2014 Kraft Nabisco Championship was the 43rd Kraft Nabisco Championship, held April 3–6 at the Dinah Shore Tournament Course of Mission Hills Country Club in Rancho Mirage, California. It was the 32nd year of the tournament as a major championship. Golf Channel televised the event. Lexi Thompson, age 19, shot a bogey-free final round 68 (−4) to win her first major title, three strokes ahead of runner-up Michelle Wie. The two entered the final round as co-leaders at 206 (−10). Thompson opened with a birdie, carded a 32 (−4) on the front nine, then finished with nine consecutive pars. Wie won the next major, the U.S. Women's Open in June, for her first major title.

text:
# 2014 Kraft Nabisco Championship

The **2014 Kraft Nabisco Championship** was the 43rd Kraft Nabisco Championship, held April 3–6 at the Dinah Shore Tournament Course of Mission Hills Country Club in Rancho Mirage, California. It was the 32nd year of the tournament as a major championship. Golf Channel televised the event.

Lexi Thompson, age 19, shot a bogey-free final round 68 (−4) to win her first major title, three strokes ahead of runner-up Michelle Wie. The two entered the final round as co-leaders at 206 (−10). Thompson opened with a birdie, carded a 32 (−4) on the front nine, then finished with nine consecutive pars. Wie won the next major, the U.S. Women's Open in June, for her first major title.

## Field

The field of 111 players included 10 amateurs.

Mission Hills Country Clubclass=notpageimage|Location in the United States

## Round summaries

### First round

*Thursday, April 3, 2014*

| Place | Player | Score | To par |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Shanshan Feng | 66 | −6 |
| T2 | Se Ri Pak | 67 | −5 |
| | Michelle Wie | | |
| T4 | Amy Yang | 68 | −4 |
| | Angel Yin (a) | | |
| T6 | Cristie Kerr | 69 | −3 |
| | Jennifer Rosales | | |
| | Jiyai Shin | | |
| T9 | Chella Choi | 70 | −2 |
| | Tiffany Joh | | |
| | Haeji Kang | | |
| | Morgan Pressel | | |
| | So Yeon Ryu | | |

(a) = amateur

### Second round

*Friday, April 4, 2014*

73 players made the cut at 149 (+5).

| Place | Player | Score | To par |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| T1 | Se Ri Pak | 67-70=137 | −7 |
| | Lexi Thompson | 73-64=137 | |
| 3 | Michelle Wie | 67-71=138 | −6 |
| T4 | Shanshan Feng | 66-73=139 | −5 |
| | Cristie Kerr | 69-70=139 | |
| T6 | Catriona Matthew | 72-68=140 | −4 |
| | Anna Nordqvist | 71-69=140 | |
| | Morgan Pressel | 70-70=140 | |
| T9 | Mo Martin | 73-68=141 | −3 |
| | Amy Yang | 68-73=141 | |

### Third round

*Saturday, April 5, 2014*

| Place | Player | Score | To par |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| T1 | Lexi Thompson | 73-64-69=206 | −10 |
| | Michelle Wie | 67-71-68=206 | |
| T3 | Charley Hull | 73-69-66=208 | −8 |
| | Se Ri Pak | 67-70-71=208 | |
| T4 | Cristie Kerr | 69-70-71=210 | −6 |
| | Catriona Matthew | 72-68-70=210 | |
| T7 | Chella Choi | 70-72-69=211 | −5 |
| | Shanshan Feng | 66-73-72=211 | |
| T9 | Stacy Lewis | 73-70-69=212 | −4 |
| | Azahara Muñoz | 72-70-70=212 | |
| | Gerina Piller | 77-65-70=212 | |
| | Jiyai Shin | 69-73-70=212 | |
| | Angela Stanford | 74-69-69=212 | |
| | Amy Yang | 68-73-71=212 | |

### Final round

*Sunday, April 6, 2014*

| Place | Player | Score | To par | Money () |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **Lexi Thompson** | 73-64-69-68=274 | −14 | 300,000 |
| 2 | Michelle Wie | 67-71-68-71=277 | −11 | 187,584 |
| 3 | Stacy Lewis | 73-70-69-69=281 | −7 | 136,079 |
| T4 | Cristie Kerr | 69-70-71-72=282 | −6 | 94,998 |
| | Se Ri Pak | 67-70-71-74=282 | | |
| 6 | Shanshan Feng | 66-73-72-72=283 | −5 | 69,323 |
| T7 | Angela Stanford | 74-69-69-72=284 | −4 | 51,522 |
| | Azahara Muñoz | 72-70-70-72=284 | | |
| | Charley Hull | 73-69-66-76=284 | | |
| 10 | Amy Yang | 68-73-71-73=285 | −3 | 41,594 |

Source:
Amateurs: Minjee Lee (E), Brooke Henderson (+1), Alison Lee (+2), Lilia Vu (+6), Su-Hyun Oh (+7), Angel Yin (+14).

#### Scorecard

*Final round*

| Hole | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Par | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 |
| Thompson | −11 | −11 | −11 | −12 | −13 | −13 | −13 | −13 | −14 | −14 | −14 | −14 | −14 | −14 | −14 | −14 | −14 | −14 |
| Wie | −10 | −11 | −10 | −10 | −10 | −10 | −10 | −9 | −9 | −9 | −10 | −10 | −10 | −11 | −11 | −10 | −11 | −11 |
| Lewis | −4 | −5 | −5 | −5 | −6 | −6 | −6 | −5 | −6 | −6 | −6 | −6 | −6 | −6 | −6 | −6 | −6 | −7 |
| Kerr | −6 | −6 | −6 | −6 | −6 | −6 | −6 | −6 | −6 | −7 | −7 | −6 | −5 | −5 | −5 | −5 | −5 | −6 |
| Pak | −9 | −9 | −9 | −9 | −9 | −10 | −10 | −10 | −9 | −9 | −9 | −9 | −9 | −9 | −8 | −8 | −8 | −6 |

Source:

33°47′53″N 116°25′59″W / 33.798°N 116.433°W / 33.798; -116.433

## InfoBox

2014 Kraft Nabisco Championship
| Tournament information | |
| --- | --- |
| Dates | April 3–6, 2014 |
| Location | Rancho Mirage, California |
| Course(s) | Mission Hills Country Club<br>Dinah Shore Tournament Course |
| Tour(s) | LPGA Tour |
| Format | Stroke play \- 72 holes |
| Statistics | |
| Par | 72 |
| Length | 6,738 yards (6,161 m) |
| Field | 111 players, 73 after cut |
| Cut | 149 (+5) |
| Prize fund | 2.0 million |
| Winner's share | $300,000 |
| Champion | |
| Lexi Thompson | |
| 274 (−14) | |
|  | |


title: Firebird Choice Zip Bi

abstract: The Firebird Choice Zip Bi is a German two-place, paraglider that was designed and produced by Firebird Sky Sports AG of Füssen. It is now out of production.

text:
# Firebird Choice Zip Bi

The **Firebird Choice Zip Bi** is a German two-place, paraglider that was designed and produced by Firebird Sky Sports AG of Füssen. It is now out of production.

## Design and development

The Choice Zip Bi was designed as a tandem glider for flight training and as such the Bi designation indicates "bi-place" or two seater.

The "Zip" name indicates that a zipper is included in the wing to reduce wing area when required.

The aircraft's 14.2 m (46.6 ft) span wing has 54 cells, a wing area of 54 m2 (580 sq ft) and an aspect ratio of 4.95:1. The pilot weight range is 110 to 180 kg (243 to 397 lb). The glider is DHV 1-2 Biplace certified.

## Specifications (Choice Zip Bi)

*Data from* Bertrand

**General characteristics**

* **Crew:** one
* **Capacity:** one passenger
* **Wingspan:** 14.2 m (46 ft 7 in)
* **Wing area:** 54 m2 (580 sq ft)
* **Aspect ratio:** 4.95:1
* **Maximum speed:** 44 km/h (27 mph, 24 kn)
* **Rate of sink:** 1.2 m/s (240 ft/min)

## InfoBox

| Choice Zip Bi | |
| --- | --- |
| Role | Paraglider |
| National origin | Germany |
| Manufacturer | Firebird Sky Sports AG |
| Introduction | mid-2000s |
| Status | Production completed |


title: Fred Stanfield

abstract: Frederic William Stanfield was a Canadian professional ice hockey centre who played 14 seasons in the National Hockey League from 1964 until 1978. He won two Stanley Cups with the Boston Bruins, in 1970 and 1972. He was known as a clean player, as only once did he receive more than 14 penalty minutes in any season of his professional career.

text:
# Fred Stanfield

**Frederic William Stanfield** (May 4, 1944 – September 13, 2021) was a Canadian professional ice hockey centre who played 14 seasons in the National Hockey League from 1964 until 1978. He won two Stanley Cups with the Boston Bruins, in 1970 and 1972. He was known as a clean player, as only once did he receive more than 14 penalty minutes in any season of his professional career.

## Early life

Stanfield was born in Toronto on May 4, 1944. He had six brothers, most of whom would eventually become professional hockey players. As was the practice at the time, Stanfield was signed by the Chicago Black Hawks at age 16 (as were his brothers Jim and Jack), and assigned to the junior league St. Catharines Teepees (later St. Catharines Black Hawks), their Ontario Hockey Association affiliate.

Playing with many future NHL teammates and stars—the team's roster included Phil Esposito, Ken Hodge, Roger Crozier, Chico Maki, Dennis Hull and Poul Popiel—Stanfield played three seasons for St. Catharines. The final two seasons he led the team in scoring, and his final season, 1964, he was third in the league in scoring with 109 points, as well as being awarded the Max Kaminsky Trophy as the league's most sportsmanlike player.

## Playing career

### Chicago Black Hawks

Called up for the 1964–65 season to the big league squad, Stanfield played the full season with Chicago, and then the next two seasons split his time between the Black Hawks and Chicago's St. Louis minor league affiliate.

In May 1967, Stanfield was traded, along with Phil Esposito and Ken Hodge, to the Boston Bruins, for defenceman Gilles Marotte, centre Pit Martin, and minor league goaltender Jack Norris.

### Boston Bruins

The trade came to be widely regarded as one of the most one-sided deals in hockey history, as Boston immediately became a powerhouse, moving from a last place team to a perennial power. While Esposito became a preeminent star in Boston and Hodge became a league All-Star, Stanfield centered the team's second line, with wingers John Bucyk and Johnny McKenzie—which some considered the best second line in hockey—as well as playing the right point on the Bruins' feared top power play unit, helping the team to lead the league in power play goals every year between 1969 and 1972. He scored 20 or more goals in every one of the six years he played for Boston, with the Bruins leading the league in goals in each of those seasons. He became noted for a heavy slap shot, making his mark in the first game of the 1970 Stanley Cup Finals against the St. Louis Blues when he fired a shot so hard it split Blues goaltender Jacques Plante's mask in half, giving Plante a concussion which sidelined him for the remainder of the playoffs.

Stanfield's best years were between the 1971 and 1973 seasons. In 1971, he scored 76 points to finish 9th in league scoring. He also received the team's 7th Player Award, voted by the fans for the player performing most beyond expectations.

In the 1972 season, he scored 23 goals and 56 assists for 79 points, finishing 4th in the league in assists and 12th in the league in points, and added 7 goals and 9 assists for 16 points in 15 playoff games to help the Bruins to the Stanley Cup championship. He was a leading candidate for the Lady Byng Memorial Trophy for the league's most sportsmanlike player, finishing behind eventual winner Jean Ratelle of the New York Rangers and teammate Johnny Bucyk.

Stanfield followed up in the next season, when he scored 20 goals and 58 assists for 78 points, and was named to play in the 1973 All-Star Game as an injury replacement. Stanfield finished the season 7th in the league in assists.

### Minnesota North Stars

Greatly depleted in goaltending by the losses of Gerry Cheevers to the World Hockey Association and Dan Bouchard to the Atlanta Flames in the 1972 NHL Expansion Draft, Boston's goaltending was down to 36-year-old career minor leaguer Ross Brooks and 44-year-old late season acquisition Jacques Plante. Determined to bolster that position, new Boston general manager Harry Sinden traded Stanfield to the Minnesota North Stars for goaltender Gilles Gilbert. Shifted to the right wing for the centre-rich North Stars, he played a season and a half for Minnesota, with much reduced production.

### Buffalo Sabres

Mired in a slump, Stanfield was traded to the Buffalo Sabres in the middle of the 1974–75 season for journeyman Norm Gratton and Buffalo's third round choice (Ron Zanussi) in the 1976 NHL Amateur Draft. He quickly broke out of his slump, scoring 33 points in 32 games for the Sabres, and contributing to the team's push to the Stanley Cup Finals, where they eventually lost to the Philadelphia Flyers.

Stanfield played the next three seasons for Buffalo, ending his NHL career with the team in 1978. He played the next season for the Hershey Bears of the American Hockey League, retiring as a player partway through the season when he was named the interim coach for the team, serving through the end of the season. His last position in organized hockey was the 1980 season for the Niagara Falls Flyers of the OHA, when he was again named a mid-season replacement as head coach.

## Retirement and legacy

Stanfield played 914 career NHL games, scoring 211 goals and 405 assists for 616 points.

Two of Stanfield's brothers, Jim Stanfield and Jack Stanfield, also played in the NHL. His youngest brother, Vic Stanfield, was a two-time All-American for Boston University.

Stanfield maintained a residence in the Town of Mississauga as of 1969. Stanfield lived in the Buffalo area, and owned an office furniture store. He was an active member of the Buffalo Sabres Alumni Association and organized several alumni tournaments.

He died on September 13, 2021.

## Career statistics

Sources:

### Regular season and playoffs

|  | | |  | Regular season | | | | |  | Playoffs | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Season | Team | League | | GP |  |  | Pts | PIM | | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1961–62 | St. Catharines Teepees | OHA | | 49 | 11 | 15 | 26 | 19 | | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 1962–63 | St. Catharines Black Hawks | OHA | | 48 | 28 | 39 | 67 | 25 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1963–64 | St. Catharines Black Hawks | OHA | | 56 | 34 | 75 | 109 | 29 | | 13 | 15 | 12 | 27 | 4 |
| 1964–65 | Chicago Black Hawks | NHL | | 57 | 7 | 10 | 17 | 14 | | 14 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 |
| 1965–66 | Chicago Black Hawks | NHL | | 39 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 1965–66 | St. Louis Braves | CHL | | 24 | 7 | 11 | 18 | 2 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1966–67 | Chicago Black Hawks | NHL | | 10 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1966–67 | St. Louis Braves | CHL | | 37 | 20 | 21 | 41 | 10 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1967–68 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 73 | 20 | 44 | 64 | 10 | | 4 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 1968–69 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 71 | 25 | 29 | 54 | 22 | | 10 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 0 |
| 1969–70 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 73 | 23 | 35 | 58 | 14 | | 14 | 4 | 12 | 16 | 6 |
| 1970–71 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 75 | 24 | 52 | 76 | 12 | | 7 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 0 |
| 1971–72 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 78 | 23 | 56 | 79 | 12 | | 15 | 7 | 9 | 16 | 0 |
| 1972–73 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 78 | 20 | 58 | 78 | 10 | | 5 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
| 1973–74 | Minnesota North Stars | NHL | | 71 | 16 | 28 | 44 | 10 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1974–75 | Minnesota North Stars | NHL | | 40 | 8 | 18 | 26 | 12 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1974–75 | Buffalo Sabres | NHL | | 32 | 12 | 21 | 33 | 4 | | 17 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 0 |
| 1975–76 | Buffalo Sabres | NHL | | 80 | 18 | 30 | 48 | 4 | | 9 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 1976–77 | Buffalo Sabres | NHL | | 79 | 9 | 14 | 23 | 6 | | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1977–78 | Buffalo Sabres | NHL | | 57 | 3 | 8 | 11 | 2 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1978–79 | Hershey Bears | AHL | | 50 | 19 | 41 | 60 | 4 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| NHL totals | | | | 914 | 211 | 405 | 616 | 134 | | 106 | 21 | 35 | 56 | 10 |

## InfoBox

| Fred Stanfield | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Stanfield in 2010 | | | |
| Born | (1944-05-04)May 4, 1944
Toronto, Ontario, Canada | | |
| Died | September 13, 2021(2021-09-13) (aged 77)
Buffalo, New York, U.S. | | |
| Height | 6 ft 0 in (183 cm) | | |
| Weight | 177 lb (80 kg; 12 st 9 lb) | | |
| Position | Centre, winger | | |
| Shot | Left | | |
| Played for | Chicago Black Hawks
Boston Bruins
Minnesota North Stars
Buffalo Sabres | | |
| Playing career | 19641979 | | |


# 2014 UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships – Women's cross-country

## Final result

| # | Cyclist | Nation |  | Time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | **Catharine Pendrel** | **Canada** | **in** | **1 h 31 min 30 s** |
| 2 | Irina Kalentieva | Russia |  | 1 h 31 min 51 s |
| 3 | Lea Davison | United States |  | 1 h 32 min 13 s |
| 4 | Tanja Žakelj | Slovenia |  | 1 h 32 min 42 s |
| 5 | Blaža Klemenčič | Slovenia |  | 1 h 33 min 16 s |
| 6 | Emily Batty | Canada |  | 1 h 33 min 39 s |
| 7 | Maja Włoszczowska | Poland |  | 1 h 33 min 42 s |
| 8 | Sabine Spitz | Germany |  | 1 h 34 min 35 s |
| 9 | Gunn-Rita Dahle Flesjå | Norway |  | 1 h 34 min 50 s |
| 10 | Julie Bresset | France |  | 1 h 34 min 56 s |
| 11 | Eva Lechner | Italy |  | 1 h 35 min 42 s |
| 12 | Annie Last | United Kingdom |  | 1 h 35 min 47 s |
| 13 | Ekateryna Anoshina | Russia |  | 1 h 36 min 28 s |
| 14 | Daniela Campuzano | Mexico |  | 1 h 37 min 07 s |
| 15 | Rebecca Henderson | Australia |  | 1 h 37 min 16 s |
| 16 | Anna Szafraniec | Poland |  | 1 h 37 min 23 s |
| 17 | Lene Byberg | Norway |  | 1 h 37 min 40 s |
| 18 | Annika Langvad | Denmark |  | 1 h 38 min 04 s |
| 19 | Katarzyna Solus-Miśkowicz | Poland |  | 1 h 38 min 38 s |
| 20 | Githa Michiels | Belgium |  | 1 h 38 min 53 s |
| 21 | Kateřina Nash | Czech Republic |  | 1 h 39 min 30 s |
| 22 | Qinglan Shi | China |  | 1 h 40 min 20 s |
| 23 | Janka Keseg Stevkova | Slovakia |  | 1 h 40 min 37 s |
| 24 | Georgia Gould | United States |  | 1 h 40 min 45 s |
| 25 | Kate Fluker | New Zealand |  | 1 h 40 min 56 s |
| 26 | Esther Süss | Switzerland |  | 1 h 40 min 59 s |
| 27 | Katrin Leumann | Switzerland |  | 1 h 41 min 07 s |
| 28 | Nina Wrobel | Germany |  | 1 h 41 min 07 s |
| 29 | Alice Pirard | Belgium |  | 1 h 41 min 41 s |
| 30 | Elisabeth Osl | Austria |  | 1 h 42 min 33 s |
| 31 | Chloe Woodruff | United States |  | 1 h 42 min 47 s |
| 32 | Heidi Rosasen Sandsto | Norway |  | 1 h 42 min 51 s |
| 33 | Chengyuan Ren | China |  | 1 h 42 min 59 s |
| 34 | Sandra Walter | Canada |  | 1 h 43 min 03 s |
| 35 | Tereza Huříková | Czech Republic |  | 1 h 43 min 20 s |
| 36 | Serena Calvetti | Italy |  | 1 h 44 min 01 s |
| 37 | Raiza Goulao-Henrique | Brazil |  | 1 h 44 min 10 s |
| 38 | Erin Huck | United States |  | 1 h 44 min 20 s |
| 39 | Kathrin Stirnemann | Switzerland |  | 1 h 44 min 53 s |
| 40 | Agustina Apaza | Argentina |  | 1 h 45 min 43 s |
| 41 | Anne Terpstra | Netherlands |  | 1 h 46 min 12 s |
| 42 | Karla Stepanova | Czech Republic |  |  |
| 43 | Adriana Rojas | Costa Rica |  |  |
| 44 | Mary Mcconneloug | United States |  |  |
| 45 | Mikaela Kofman | Canada |  |  |
| 46 | Kajsa Snihs | Sweden |  |  |
| 47 | Laura Morfin Macouzet | Mexico |  |  |
| 48 | Anna Oberparleiter | Italy |  |  |
| 49 | Evelyn Dong | United States |  |  |
| 50 | Paula Gorycka | Poland |  |  |
| 51 | Isabella Moreira Lacerda | Brazil |  |  |
| 52 | Lucie Vesela | Czech Republic |  |  |
| 53 | Rocio Rodriguez | Spain |  |  |
| 54 | Barbara Benkó | Hungary |  |  |
| 55 | Erika Gramiscelli | Brazil |  |  |
| 56 | Maaris Meier | Estonia |  |  |
| 57 | Jitka Skarnitzlova | Czech Republic |  |  |
| 58 | Alexandra Serrano Rodriguez | Ecuador |  |  |
| 59 | Sonja Kallio | Finland |  |  |
| 60 | Eri Yonamine | Japan |  |  |
| 61 | Peta Mullens | Australia |  |  |
| 62 | Elisabeth Sveum | Norway |  |  |
| 63 | Mio Suemasa | Japan |  |  |
| 64 | Esra Kurkcu | Turkey |  |  |


title: Fatma Chamakh-Haddad

abstract: Fatma Chamakh-Haddad or Fatma Haddad-Chamakh was a professor, philosopher, feminist and Tunisian activist.

text:
# Fatma Chamakh-Haddad

**Fatma Chamakh-Haddad** or Fatma Haddad-Chamakh (born 10 March 1936 in Tunis; died 2 May 2013) was a professor, philosopher, feminist and Tunisian activist.

## Early life and education

Born in 1936 in Tunis, Fatma Chamakh-Haddad came from a family of Muslim and nationalist intellectuals. She was educated as a child in Tunis, notably in the Russian high school. As a teenager, she became a member of the Neo Destour (the New Constitutional Liberal Party) and the General Union of Tunisian Students (UGET). She then went to university in Paris, where she joined her brothers.

In 1955, she began studying philosophy, anthropology, and English language and civilization at the Sorbonne University in Paris. In 1961, she was accepted into the competition of *agrégation* of philosophy. She later got her PhD by presenting in 1977, in Paris, a thesis titled *Philosophie systématique et système de philosophie politique chez Spinoza* \[*Systematic Philosophy and System of Political Philosophy by Spinoza*\], developed under the direction of Paul Ricœur (the thesis was published in Tunis in 1980). During her studies in Paris, she became vice-president of the UGET and a member of the local group of Néo Destour.

## Career

After her *agrégation*, Chamakh-Haddad returned to Tunisia. She taught first in secondary education and at the National School of Assistant Professors before joining Tunis University in 1967. She was assistant from 1967 to 1968, master assistant from 1968 to 1977, master lecturer from 1977 to 1982, professor of higher education in the history of modern philosophy at the Department of Philosophy in the Faculty of Arts and Humanities of Tunis in 1982, then professor emeritus. Chamakh-Haddad worked and published on human rights and women's rights, on political philosophy, as well as in the field of bioethics (particularly interested in the issues of suffering and pain) as a member of the Tunisian National Committee for Medical Ethics.

As a specialist on Baruch Spinoza, she held in particular the separation of the political and theological, and a method to analyse the problems of modern civilization, as well as the Arab-Muslim world.

From 1966, she also became a member of the central committee of the National Union of Tunisian Women (UNFT). She then participated in the work of the Center for Research, Studies, Documentation and Information on Women and the Association of Tunisian Women for Development Research (AFTURD), organizations related to the cause of women. The UNFT was close to the institutions of power and represented at the time what has been called a "state feminism" put forward by the government (the Socialist Destourian Party) of Tunisia, the AFTURD being more independent of government control. Chamakh-Haddad participated and lead seminars and academic symposia on the theme of the cause of women. Taking advantage of the interest of the Tunisian rulers for this subject, she participated in the creation, at the Higher Institute of Human Sciences of Tunis (the Ibn Charaf Institute), of a professional master of women's studies, a new initiative within the Tunisian university. It is to this master's degree that she devoted the last years of her academic activity.

She died on May 2, 2013.

## InfoBox

| Fatma Chamakh-Haddad | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | 10 March 1936<br>Tunis |
| Died | 2 May 2013 |


title: Augusto Pestana (politician)

abstract: Augusto Pestana was a Brazilian engineer and politician. Born in Rio de Janeiro, Pestana moved in the late 1880s to Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil's southernmost state, where he would become a specialist in railroad engineering and public administration, as well as one of the main leaders of the Republican Party of Rio Grande do Sul (PRR).

text:
# Augusto Pestana (politician)

**Augusto Pestana** (May 22, 1868 – May 29, 1934) was a Brazilian engineer and politician. Born in Rio de Janeiro, Pestana moved in the late 1880s to Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil's southernmost state, where he would become a specialist in railroad engineering and public administration, as well as one of the main leaders of the Republican Party of Rio Grande do Sul (PRR).

## Background

Augusto Pestana was born on May 22, 1868, in Rio de Janeiro, then capital of the Empire of Brazil, to Manuel José Pestana, a civil servant of the Brazilian Imperial Household and to Januária de Abreu Pestana, daughter of a customs officer. Both his parents were of Portuguese heritage and belonged to middle-class families established in Rio de Janeiro at the time of the transfer of the Portuguese Court to Brazil in 1808.

In spite of his conservative and devout Catholic upbringing, the young Pestana was an avid reader of the French philosopher Auguste Comte and joined, much to the chagrin of his father, the Brazilian republican and positivist movement, which would contribute to overthrow the monarchy in 1889.

Manuel José Pestana died on August 27, 1883, leaving the fifteen-year-old Augusto Pestana to care for his mother and his four younger sisters. The Brazilian Imperial House wanted to help the family and offered Pestana a scholarship at the Pedro II School and at a university of his choice. He politely refused the offer and explained to Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil that, as a Republican, "one could not accept any favors from the Crown". Pestana would instead teach Portuguese, History, Geography and Mathematics to fund his own studies at the *Escola Politécnica do Rio de Janeiro*, Brazil's oldest Engineering school, from which he would earn a degree of civil engineer at age 20, the youngest in his class.

## Early career in Rio Grande do Sul

A few months after graduation, Pestana accepted an invitation to move to Rio Grande do Sul in order to work as an engineer of the State commission responsible for the Porto Alegre-Uruguaiana railway connection. The job would acquaint him with the peculiar politics of Rio Grande do Sul within the newly founded Brazilian Republic, uniquely fashioned by the Comte-inspired dictatorship of Governor Júlio de Castilhos. Pestana would also witness the Riograndense civil war of 1893-1895, one of the bloodiest conflicts in Brazilian history. Castilhos appointed him Director for State waterways in 1897 and for telegraphy lines in 1898.

## Director and Mayor of Ijuí

In December 1898, Pestana was appointed by the State government as Director of the settlement (*colônia*) of Ijuí, created in 1890. The settlement was facing then a severe crisis caused by bad management and by quarrels among the more than ten ethnic groups present in the region (mainly Germans, Italians, Portuguese, Poles, Afro-Brazilians, Austrians, Swedes, Spaniards, Latvians and Arabs).

Upon his arrival in early 1899, Pestana gathered the leaders of all immigrant communities in a place currently known as Union Hill (*Alto da União*) and managed to pacify them. He rationalized the policy of rural settlements, favoring families with previous experience in agriculture, and attached priority to investments in education and infrastructure, helping to diversify the economy of Ijuí'.

During Pestana's thirteen-year tenure, the population of Ijuí rose from six thousand to 28 thousand inhabitants. His administration built approximately 200 miles of roads and bridges over all rivers crossing the settlement. 16 public schools and 16 private ones were opened, catering for two thousand pupils. Thanks to the environment created by Pestana, the settlement, nearly moribund in 1899, boasted in 1912 more than 100 food factories, 70 shops, 32 grist mills, 42 sugar mills, a typography and four hotels. Half of the local production (especially timber, furniture, tobacco, corn and lard) was exported to other areas of Brazil.

The steep demographic and economic growth of the settlement allowed Ijuí to gain political autonomy in 1912. Pestana was the first Mayor of the new municipality, one of the best examples of racial and cultural integration in Southern Brazil.

## Congressman, founder of the Railway Company of Rio Grande do Sul and State Secretary

After a brief period as Director of the Minas Gerais Western Railway Company (*Estrada de Ferro Oeste de Minas*), Pestana was elected in 1915 and 1918 to the National Congress of Brazil, representing the RIograndense Republican Party. As a congressman, he advocated new investments in rail transport and criticized the lack of an adequate regulatory framework. In 1920, in a joint effort with the Federal Government, he assured the nationalization of the Belgium-based *Compagnie Auxiliaire de Chemins de Fer au Brésil*, owned by Percival Farquhar and concessionary of the Riograndense railways since 1905. The *Auxiliaire* was transformed into the Railway Company of Rio Grande do Sul (VFRGS or *Viação Férrea do Rio Grande do Sul*), entirely owned by the State Government.

CEO of VFRGS from 1920 to 1926 and State Secretary for Transport and Public Works from 1926 to 1928, Pestana improved the performance of rail transport in Rio Grande do Sul. Notwithstanding another civil war (the "1923 Revolution"), the number of passengers transported by VFRGS rose from 1.1 million in 1920 to 2 million in 1928, while the freight number rose from 640 thousand metric tons to 1 million metric tons in that same period. Pestana forged an efficient management model for VFRGS that lasted until the acquisition of the company by the Brazilian Federal Railway System (*Rede Ferroviária Federal*) in 1959 and the final demise of passenger rail transport in Brazil in the 1960s and 1970s.

Elected again to the National Congress of Brazil on April 28, 1928, and on March 1, 1930, Pestana did not engage in the Brazilian Revolution of 1930 in spite of his friendship and political comradeship with President Getúlio Vargas. His last public task was the modernisation of the Porto Alegre harbor in 1932. Pestana died in Rio de Janeiro on May 29, 1934, after a cancer surgery.

## Legacy and family

Deeply influenced by the work of Comte, Pestana was a typical member of the generation that defined the Brazilian Republic of 1889-1930. He provided a decisive contribution to the development of Ijuí and Northwestern Rio Grande do Sul, stressing the importance of robust public policies on infrastructure and education. His name is associated with good governance and honesty, but also with the autocratic rule that characterized Rio Grande do Sul during the governments of Júlio de Castilhos and Borges de Medeiros.

The city of Augusto Pestana, a former district of Ijuí, is named after him, as well as the main museum of Northwestern Rio Grande do Sul (*Museu Antropológico Diretor Pestana*) and several streets and railway stations throughout Rio Grande do Sul and other Brazilian states.

Pestana married on May 24, 1892, Virgínia da Fontoura Trindade, granddaughter of Antônio Vicente da Fontoura, one of the main leaders of the Riograndense Republic, Special Envoy to the Imperial Court of Rio de Janeiro in 1844 and chief negotiator of the 1845 Peace Treaty of Ponche Verde.

They had ten children, all born and raised in Rio Grande do Sul, including Clóvis Pestana, former Brazilian Minister of Transport and Mayor of Porto Alegre, and Cyro Pestana, Justice of the State Supreme Court. Augusto Pestana is grandfather to the Brazilian engineer and corporate leader João Augusto Chagas Pestana, first Chairman of the Board of the power utility Rio Grande Energia, and great-grandfather to the Brazilian socialist leader Vera Sílvia Magalhães, one of the main figures of the armed resistance against the military dictatorship of 1964-1985, and to Carlos Pestana Neto, former Minister-Chief of Staff of the State Government of Rio Grande do Sul.

* Municipality of Augusto Pestana (in Portuguese only)
* Director Pestana Anthropological Museum (in Portuguese only)
* Augusto Pestana School (in Portuguese only)
* Family origins of Augusto Pestana (in Portuguese only)

## InfoBox

| Augusto Pestana | |
| --- | --- |
| Augusto Pestana | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | May 22, 1868
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| Died | May 29, 1934
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| Political party | PRR |
| Signature |  |
|  | |


title: Atlantic and Northwestern Railroad

abstract: The Atlantic and Northwestern Railroad was a railroad that served the Upstate region in the period after Reconstruction. The Atlantic and Northwestern was formed when the Union, Gaffney City and Rutherfordton Railroad, chartered by the South Carolina General Assembly in 1878, changed its name to the Atlantic and Northwestern in 1885. In 1887, the Atlantic and Northwestern Railroad merged with the Augusta, Edgefield and Newberry Railroad to create the Georgia and Carolina Midland Railroad.

text:
# Atlantic and Northwestern Railroad

The **Atlantic and Northwestern Railroad** was a railroad that served the Upstate region in the period after Reconstruction.

The Atlantic and Northwestern was formed when the Union, Gaffney City and Rutherfordton Railroad, chartered by the South Carolina General Assembly in 1878, changed its name to the Atlantic and Northwestern in 1885.

In 1887, the Atlantic and Northwestern Railroad merged with the Augusta, Edgefield and Newberry Railroad to create the Georgia and Carolina Midland Railroad.


title: 7th Armed Police Mobile Division

abstract:
The 3rd Army Division was created in May 1969 from Beijing and Shenyang Military Region and soon sent to Ili, Xinjiang under the direct control of Xinjiang Military Region. The division was then composed of:
  - 7th Infantry Regiment;
  - 8th Infantry Regiment;
  - 9th Infantry Regiment;
  - 313th Artillery Regiment. In December 1969 the division was renamed as 7th Army Division, while former 7th Army Division renamed as new 3rd Army Division. The re-formation and re-designation of several army divisions in Xinjiang showed apparent evidence that there might be plans to re-activate 2nd Army Corps and 3rd Army Corps, even 4th Army Corps of the PLA. For unknown reasons these corps were not formed at last. By then the division was composed of:
  - 19th Infantry Regiment;
  - 20th Infantry Regiment;
  - 21st Infantry Regiment;
  - Artillery Regiment. In 1985 the division was renamed as 7th Infantry Division, becoming a Northern Infantry Division, Catalogue B unit. In 1996 the division was transferred to the People's Armed Police and renamed as 7th Armed Police Division. The Artillery Regiment, 7th Infantry Division was re-organized and renamed as 706th Regiment, 7th Armed Police Division. All artillery battalions in infantry regiments were also re-organized as the 4th mobile battalion of the regiments. Now the division is composed of:
  - 19th Armed Police Regiment;
  - 20th Armed Police Regiment;
  - 21st Armed Police Regiment;
  - 706th Armed Police Regiment. The division is stationed in Ili, Xinjiang for anti-terrorist and anti-separatist missions. After the 2017 reform, the division was the only remained Armed Police Mobile Division.

text:
# 7th Armed Police Mobile Division

The **3rd Army Division** (Chinese: 陆军第3师) (2nd Formation) was created in May 1969 from Beijing and Shenyang Military Region and soon sent to Ili, Xinjiang under the direct control of Xinjiang Military Region. The division was then composed of:

* 7th Infantry Regiment;
* 8th Infantry Regiment;
* 9th Infantry Regiment;
* 313th Artillery Regiment.

In December 1969 the division was renamed as **7th Army Division**, while former 7th Army Division renamed as new 3rd Army Division.

The re-formation and re-designation of several army divisions in Xinjiang showed apparent evidence that there might be plans to re-activate 2nd Army Corps and 3rd Army Corps, even 4th Army Corps of the PLA. For unknown reasons these corps were not formed at last.

By then the division was composed of:

* 19th Infantry Regiment (former 7th);
* 20th Infantry Regiment (former 8th);
* 21st Infantry Regiment (former 9th);
* Artillery Regiment (former 313th).

In 1985 the division was renamed as **7th Infantry Division** (Chinese: 步兵第7师), becoming a *Northern Infantry Division, Catalogue B* unit.

In 1996 the division was transferred to the People's Armed Police and renamed as **7th Armed Police Division** (Chinese: 武警第7师).

The Artillery Regiment, 7th Infantry Division was re-organized and renamed as 706th Regiment, 7th Armed Police Division. All artillery battalions in infantry regiments were also re-organized as the 4th mobile battalion of the regiments. Now the division is composed of:

* 19th Armed Police Regiment (Chinese: 武警第19团);
* 20th Armed Police Regiment (Chinese: 武警第20团);
* 21st Armed Police Regiment (Chinese: 武警第21团);
* 706th Armed Police Regiment (Chinese: 武警第706团).

The division is stationed in Ili, Xinjiang for anti-terrorist and anti-separatist missions.

After the 2017 reform, the division was the only remained *Armed Police Mobile Division*.

## InfoBox

| 3rd Army Division (1969)
7th Army Division (1969–85)
7th Infantry Division (1985–96)
7th Armed Police Division (1996–) | |
| --- | --- |
| Active | 1969.5 - |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Branch | People's Liberation Army, People's Armed Police |
| Type | Gendarmerie |
| Role | Civil Defense, Rapid reaction force |
| Size | Division |
| Part of | Xinjiang Military District |
| Garrison/HQ | Ili, Xinjiang |
| Engagements | Xinjiang conflict |


title: European route E371

abstract: The E 371 is part of the United Nations international E-road network. Approximately 358 kilometers (222 mi) long, it runs from Radom, Poland south to Prešov, Slovakia.

text:
# European route E371

The **E 371** is part of the United Nations international E-road network. Approximately 358 kilometers (222 mi) long, it runs from Radom, Poland south to Prešov, Slovakia.

## Route

## InfoBox

| E371 | |
| --- | --- |
| Route information | |
| Length | 361 km (224 mi) |
| Major junctions | |
| From | Radom (Poland) |
| To | Prešov (Slovakia) |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Countries | Poland<br>Slovakia |
|  | |
| Highway system | |
|  | |