abstract: This is a list of electoral results for the Division of Chifley in Australian federal elections from the division's creation in 1969 until the present.

text:
# Electoral results for the Division of Chifley

This is a list of **electoral results for the Division of Chifley** in Australian federal elections from the division's creation in 1969 until the present.

## Members

| Member | | Party | Term |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | John Armitage | Labor | 1969–1983 |
|  | Russ Gorman | Labor | 1983–1984 |
|  | Roger Price | Labor | 1984–2010 |
|  | Ed Husic | Labor | 2010–present |

## Election results

### Elections in the 2020s

#### 2022

2022 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Ed Husic | 51,236 | 52.72 | −1.58 |
|  | Liberal | Jugandeep Singh | 24,046 | 24.74 | −3.18 |
|  | One Nation | Amit Batish | 6,034 | 6.21 | +6.21 |
|  | Greens | Sujan Selventhiran | 5,622 | 5.78 | +0.72 |
|  | United Australia | Zvetanka Raskov | 5,149 | 5.30 | +0.76 |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Ben Roughley | 3,263 | 3.36 | +3.36 |
|  | Independent | Ammar Khan | 1,839 | 1.89 | +0.15 |
| Total formal votes | | | 97,189 | 91.12 | +0.78 |
| Informal votes | | | 9,471 | 8.88 | −0.78 |
| Turnout | | | 106,660 | 87.95 | −2.01 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Ed Husic | 61,682 | 63.47 | +1.10 |
|  | Liberal | Jugandeep Singh | 35,507 | 36.53 | −1.10 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | +1.10 |  |

### Elections in the 2010s

#### 2019

2019 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Ed Husic | 49,418 | 54.30 | −6.79 |
|  | Liberal | Livingston Chettipally | 25,411 | 27.92 | +5.26 |
|  | Christian Democrats | Josh Green | 5,859 | 6.44 | −2.70 |
|  | Greens | Brent Robertson | 4,604 | 5.06 | +0.52 |
|  | United Australia | Joseph O'Connor | 4,133 | 4.54 | +4.54 |
|  | Independent | Ammar Khan | 1,581 | 1.74 | −0.82 |
| Total formal votes | | | 91,006 | 90.34 | −1.32 |
| Informal votes | | | 9,728 | 9.66 | +1.32 |
| Turnout | | | 100,734 | 89.96 | +0.08 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Ed Husic | 56,761 | 62.37 | −6.82 |
|  | Liberal | Livingston Chettipally | 34,245 | 37.63 | +6.82 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | −6.82 |  |

#### 2016

2016 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Ed Husic | 52,278 | 61.09 | +8.39 |
|  | Liberal | Mohit Kumar | 19,394 | 22.66 | −9.16 |
|  | Christian Democrats | Joshua Green | 7,820 | 9.14 | +5.68 |
|  | Greens | Eliza James | 3,883 | 4.54 | +1.88 |
|  | Independent | Ammar Khan | 2,194 | 2.56 | +0.44 |
| Total formal votes | | | 85,569 | 91.66 | +4.95 |
| Informal votes | | | 7,785 | 8.34 | −4.95 |
| Turnout | | | 93,354 | 89.88 | +0.16 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Ed Husic | 59,202 | 69.19 | +8.26 |
|  | Liberal | Mohit Kumar | 26,367 | 30.81 | −8.26 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | +8.26 |  |

#### 2013

2013 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Ed Husic | 43,044 | 52.30 | +0.72 |
|  | Liberal | Isabelle White | 26,479 | 32.17 | +1.85 |
|  | Palmer United | Christopher Buttel | 3,361 | 4.08 | +4.08 |
|  | Christian Democrats | Dave Vincent | 2,862 | 3.48 | −1.58 |
|  | Greens | Ben Hammond | 2,198 | 2.67 | −5.76 |
|  | Independent | Ammar Khan | 1,749 | 2.13 | +2.13 |
|  | One Nation | Elizabeth Power | 1,402 | 1.70 | −0.27 |
|  | Democratic Labour | Michael Wright | 810 | 0.98 | +0.98 |
|  | Australia First | Alex Norwick | 396 | 0.48 | −0.69 |
| Total formal votes | | | 82,301 | 86.64 | −2.20 |
| Informal votes | | | 12,690 | 13.36 | +2.20 |
| Turnout | | | 94,991 | 92.78 | +0.09 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Ed Husic | 49,831 | 60.55 | −1.79 |
|  | Liberal | Isabelle White | 32,470 | 39.45 | +1.79 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | −1.79 |  |

#### 2010

2010 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Ed Husic | 41,456 | 51.58 | −11.60 |
|  | Liberal | Venus Priest | 24,369 | 30.32 | +5.42 |
|  | Greens | Debbie Robertson | 6,776 | 8.43 | +4.72 |
|  | Christian Democrats | Dave Vincent | 4,068 | 5.06 | +1.72 |
|  | One Nation | Louise Kedwell | 1,585 | 1.97 | +0.67 |
|  | Democrats | Keith Darley | 1,174 | 1.46 | +1.46 |
|  | Australia First | Terry Cooksley | 943 | 1.17 | +1.17 |
| Total formal votes | | | 80,371 | 88.84 | −3.25 |
| Informal votes | | | 10,097 | 11.16 | +3.25 |
| Turnout | | | 90,468 | 92.69 | −0.98 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Ed Husic | 50,103 | 62.34 | −7.34 |
|  | Liberal | Venus Priest | 30,268 | 37.66 | +7.34 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | −7.34 |  |

### Elections in the 2000s

#### 2007

2007 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Roger Price | 51,568 | 64.18 | +10.12 |
|  | Liberal | Jess Diaz | 19,092 | 23.76 | −6.62 |
|  | Greens | John Forrester | 2,897 | 3.61 | −1.66 |
|  | Christian Democrats | Dave Vincent | 2,751 | 3.42 | +1.21 |
|  | One Nation | Louise Kedwell | 1,183 | 1.47 | −0.53 |
|  | Socialist Equality | James Cogan | 1,069 | 1.33 | +1.33 |
|  | Family First | Evan Jewell | 1,016 | 1.26 | −0.24 |
|  | Independent | Wayne Hyland | 484 | 0.60 | −0.24 |
|  | Independent | Amarjit Tanda | 288 | 0.36 | +0.36 |
| Total formal votes | | | 80,348 | 92.01 | +2.90 |
| Informal votes | | | 6,976 | 7.99 | −2.90 |
| Turnout | | | 87,324 | 94.40 | +0.55 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Roger Price | 56,776 | 70.66 | +8.69 |
|  | Liberal | Jess Diaz | 23,572 | 29.34 | −8.69 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | +8.69 |  |

#### 2004

2004 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Roger Price | 39,836 | 55.65 | −0.65 |
|  | Liberal | Costa Asarloglou | 20,814 | 29.08 | +3.56 |
|  | Greens | Debbie Robertson | 4,326 | 6.04 | +4.33 |
|  | Christian Democrats | Dave Vincent | 2,653 | 3.71 | +1.21 |
|  | One Nation | Terry Cooksley | 1,579 | 2.21 | −4.01 |
|  | Family First | Robert Heathcote | 1,211 | 1.69 | +1.69 |
|  | Independent | Wayne Hyland | 850 | 1.19 | +0.40 |
|  |  | Graham Rand | 315 | 0.44 | +0.44 |
| Total formal votes | | | 71,584 | 89.90 | −0.90 |
| Informal votes | | | 8,043 | 10.10 | +0.90 |
| Turnout | | | 79,627 | 94.31 | +0.10 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Roger Price | 45,084 | 62.98 | −2.31 |
|  | Liberal | Costa Asarloglou | 26,500 | 37.02 | +2.31 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | −2.31 |  |

#### 2001

2001 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Roger Price | 40,203 | 56.30 | −3.48 |
|  | Liberal | Costa Asarloglou | 18,225 | 25.52 | +6.53 |
|  | One Nation | Joe Damjanovic | 4,442 | 6.22 | −4.07 |
|  | Save the ADI Site | Barbie Bates | 2,347 | 3.29 | +3.29 |
|  | Christian Democrats | Joseph Wyness | 1,784 | 2.50 | +0.19 |
|  | Democrats | S J Clack | 1,365 | 1.91 | −2.63 |
|  | Against Further Immigration | Lindsey Butler | 1,262 | 1.77 | +1.77 |
|  | Greens | David Cunningham | 1,220 | 1.71 | +0.25 |
|  | Independent | Wayne Hyland | 565 | 0.79 | +0.79 |
| Total formal votes | | | 71,413 | 90.80 | −3.14 |
| Informal votes | | | 7,232 | 9.20 | +3.14 |
| Turnout | | | 78,645 | 94.93 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Roger Price | 46,628 | 65.29 | −5.98 |
|  | Liberal | Costa Asarloglou | 24,785 | 34.71 | +5.98 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | −5.98 |  |

### Elections in the 1990s

#### 1998

1998 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Roger Price | 43,496 | 59.26 | +1.30 |
|  | Liberal | John Coles | 14,485 | 19.73 | −7.11 |
|  | One Nation | Joe Damjanovic | 7,400 | 10.08 | +10.08 |
|  | Democrats | Andrew Owen | 3,595 | 4.90 | −4.15 |
|  | Christian Democrats | Joseph Wyness | 1,520 | 2.07 | −0.68 |
|  | Greens | Robert Nolan | 1,014 | 1.38 | +1.38 |
|  | Unity | Aooe Boyd Pio | 969 | 1.32 | +1.32 |
|  | Independent | Dave Vincent | 761 | 1.04 | +1.04 |
|  | Natural Law | Zahra Razavikashan | 162 | 0.22 | −0.66 |
| Total formal votes | | | 73,402 | 94.11 | −0.64 |
| Informal votes | | | 4,597 | 5.89 | +0.64 |
| Turnout | | | 77,999 | 94.68 | −1.37 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Roger Price | 52,037 | 70.89 | +6.36 |
|  | Liberal | John Coles | 21,365 | 29.11 | −6.36 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | +6.36 |  |

#### 1996

1996 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Roger Price | 42,804 | 57.95 | −10.11 |
|  | Liberal | Jenny Green | 19,828 | 26.85 | +6.14 |
|  | Democrats | Alec Fisher | 6,682 | 9.05 | +9.05 |
|  | Call to Australia | Shirley Grigg | 2,033 | 2.75 | +2.75 |
|  | Independent | Andrew Owen | 1,858 | 2.52 | +2.52 |
|  | Natural Law | Louise Hargreaves | 653 | 0.88 | +0.88 |
| Total formal votes | | | 73,858 | 94.74 | −0.50 |
| Informal votes | | | 4,098 | 5.26 | +0.50 |
| Turnout | | | 77,956 | 96.04 | +0.63 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Roger Price | 47,513 | 64.54 | −8.04 |
|  | Liberal | Jenny Green | 26,109 | 35.46 | +8.04 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | −8.04 |  |

#### 1993

1993 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Roger Price | 47,123 | 68.06 | +7.93 |
|  | Liberal | Jennifer Mackenzie | 14,335 | 20.71 | −3.33 |
|  | Independent EFF | Joe Bryant | 4,656 | 6.73 | +6.68 |
|  | Independent | F Ivor | 2,014 | 2.91 | +2.80 |
|  | Independent | Tom Kumar | 622 | 0.90 | +0.90 |
|  |  | Yabu Bilyana | 484 | 0.70 | +0.70 |
| Total formal votes | | | 69,234 | 95.24 | −0.42 |
| Informal votes | | | 3,460 | 4.76 | +0.42 |
| Turnout | | | 72,694 | 95.42 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Roger Price | 50,214 | 72.57 | +1.82 |
|  | Liberal | Jennifer Mackenzie | 18,976 | 27.43 | −1.82 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | +1.82 |  |

#### 1990

1990 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Roger Price | 40,085 | 59.6 | −4.7 |
|  | Liberal | Darren Condon | 16,772 | 25.0 | −2.3 |
|  | Democrats | Nigel Lovell | 8,569 | 12.7 | +5.8 |
|  | Call to Australia | Bill Bird | 1,789 | 2.7 | +2.7 |
| Total formal votes | | | 67,215 | 95.9 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 2,894 | 4.1 |  |
| Turnout | | | 70,109 | 95.2 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Roger Price | 47,061 | 70.1 | +1.0 |
|  | Liberal | Darren Condon | 20,048 | 29.9 | −1.0 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | +1.0 |  |

### Elections in the 1980s

#### 1987

1987 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Roger Price | 38,683 | 64.3 | −2.3 |
|  | Liberal | Paul Conlon | 16,414 | 27.3 | −0.3 |
|  | Democrats | Philip Goldhagen | 4,128 | 6.9 | +1.1 |
|  | Independent | Cheryl Crisp | 960 | 1.6 | +1.6 |
| Total formal votes | | | 60,185 | 92.7 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 4,706 | 7.3 |  |
| Turnout | | | 64,891 | 94.0 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Roger Price | 41,586 | 69.1 | −0.4 |
|  | Liberal | Paul Conlon | 18,596 | 30.9 | +0.4 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | −0.4 |  |

#### 1984

1984 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Roger Price | 34,034 | 66.6 | +13.5 |
|  | Liberal | Ken Jessup | 14,115 | 27.6 | −3.3 |
|  | Democrats | Dominic Fanning | 2,951 | 5.8 | +2.8 |
| Total formal votes | | | 51,100 | 89.0 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 6,316 | 11.0 |  |
| Turnout | | | 57,416 | 93.3 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Roger Price | 35,503 | 69.5 | +5.5 |
|  | Liberal | Ken Jessup | 15,595 | 30.5 | −5.5 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | +5.5 |  |

#### 1983

1983 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Russ Gorman | 44,419 | 61.2 | −4.0 |
|  | Liberal | Edna Mitchell | 16,565 | 22.8 | −4.2 |
|  | Socialist Workers | Christine Broi | 4,556 | 6.3 | +6.3 |
|  | Independent | Jonathan Cooper | 3,744 | 5.2 | +5.2 |
|  | Democrats | Frances Jones | 2,187 | 3.0 | −0.6 |
|  | Independent | Jane Smith/New | 1,114 | 1.5 | +1.5 |
| Total formal votes | | | 72,586 | 95.8 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 3,169 | 4.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 75,755 | 95.0 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Russ Gorman | 52,525 | 72.4 | +2.3 |
|  | Liberal | Edna Mitchell | 20,061 | 27.6 | −2.3 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | +2.3 |  |

#### 1980

1980 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | John Armitage | 46,289 | 65.2 | +5.2 |
|  | Liberal | Philip Daly | 19,199 | 27.0 | −1.4 |
|  | Democrats | Keith Watson | 2,539 | 3.6 | −6.2 |
|  | Socialist Labour | Terence Cook | 1,918 | 2.7 | +2.7 |
|  | Communist | Geoffrey Evans | 1,091 | 1.5 | −1.4 |
| Total formal votes | | | 71,036 | 94.1 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 2,848 | 3.9 |  |
| Turnout | | | 73,884 | 94.7 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | John Armitage |  | 70.1 | +2.6 |
|  | Liberal | Philip Daly |  | 29.9 | −2.6 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | +2.6 |  |

### Elections in the 1970s

#### 1977

1977 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | John Armitage | 39,168 | 60.0 | −3.5 |
|  | Liberal | Richard Taylor | 17,745 | 27.2 | −9.3 |
|  | Democrats | Alfred Tozer | 6,414 | 9.8 | +9.8 |
|  | Communist | Jack Mundey | 1,910 | 2.9 | +2.9 |
| Total formal votes | | | 65,237 | 96.6 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 2,307 | 3.4 |  |
| Turnout | | | 67,544 | 95.9 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | John Armitage |  | 67.5 | +4.0 |
|  | Liberal | Richard Taylor |  | 38.5 | −4.0 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | +4.0 |  |

#### 1975

1975 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | John Armitage | 48,767 | 61.8 | −9.0 |
|  | Liberal | Shirley Sookee | 30,206 | 38.2 | +11.8 |
| Total formal votes | | | 78,973 | 96.6 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 2,773 | 3.4 |  |
| Turnout | | | 81,746 | 95.9 |  |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | −10.7 |  |

#### 1974

1974 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | John Armitage | 52,400 | 70.8 | −0.7 |
|  | Liberal | Patricia Robinson | 19,502 | 26.4 | +3.4 |
|  | Australia | Phillip Lambert | 2,090 | 2.8 | +2.8 |
| Total formal votes | | | 73,992 | 97.8 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 1,640 | 2.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 75,632 | 96.9 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | John Armitage |  | 72.5 | −0.1 |
|  | Liberal | Patricia Robinson |  | 27.5 | +0.1 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | −0.1 |  |

#### 1972

1972 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | John Armitage | 45,656 | 71.5 | +9.6 |
|  | Liberal | Alan Calaby | 14,720 | 23.0 | −3.3 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Francesco Rea | 3,504 | 5.5 | +2.2 |
| Total formal votes | | | 63,880 | 97.3 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 1,758 | 2.7 |  |
| Turnout | | | 65,638 | 95.3 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | John Armitage |  | 72.6 | +5.8 |
|  | Liberal | Alan Calaby |  | 27.4 | −5.8 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | +5.8 |  |

### Elections in the 1960s

#### 1969

1969 Australian federal election: Chifley
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | John Armitage | 31,133 | 61.9 | +16.2 |
|  | Liberal | Milovan Kovjanic | 13,234 | 26.3 | −18.5 |
|  | Independent | Victor Corcoran | 4,283 | 8.5 | +8.5 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Stan Aster-Stater | 1,651 | 3.3 | −0.7 |
| Total formal votes | | | 50,301 | 96.9 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 1,607 | 3.1 |  |
| Turnout | | | 51,908 | 94.7 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | John Armitage |  | 66.8 | +16.6 |
|  | Liberal | Milovan Kovjanic |  | 33.2 | −16.6 |
|  | Labor **notional hold** | | **Swing** | +16.6 |  |


abstract: This is a list of electoral results for the Division of Charlton in Australian federal elections since the division's creation in 1984 until its abolition in 2016.

text:
# Electoral results for the Division of Charlton

This is a list of **electoral results for the Division of Charlton** in Australian federal elections since the division's creation in 1984 until its abolition in 2016.

## Members

| Member | | Party | Term |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Bob Brown | Labor | 1984–1998 |
|  | Kelly Hoare | Labor | 1998–2007 |
|  | Greg Combet | Labor | 2007–2013 |
|  | Pat Conroy | Labor | 2013–2016 |

## Election results

### Elections in the 2010s

#### 2013

2013 Australian federal election: Charlton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Pat Conroy | 40,125 | 46.44 | −6.71 |
|  | Liberal | Kevin Baker | 24,646 | 28.53 | −2.18 |
|  | Palmer United | Bronwyn Reid | 9,412 | 10.89 | +10.89 |
|  | Greens | Dessie Kocher | 5,820 | 6.74 | −2.09 |
|  | Christian Democrats | Steve Camilleri | 2,671 | 3.09 | +0.27 |
|  | One Nation | Brian Burston | 2,266 | 2.62 | +2.62 |
|  | Bullet Train | Trevor Anthoney | 1,460 | 1.69 | +1.69 |
| Total formal votes | | | 86,400 | 92.89 | −0.19 |
| Informal votes | | | 6,618 | 7.11 | +0.19 |
| Turnout | | | 93,018 | 94.40 | −0.08 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Pat Conroy | 51,173 | 59.23 | −3.44 |
|  | Liberal | Kevin Baker | 35,227 | 40.77 | +3.44 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | −3.44 |  |

#### 2010

2010 Australian federal election: Charlton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Greg Combet | 44,159 | 53.15 | +0.09 |
|  | Liberal | John McDonald | 25,514 | 30.71 | −0.89 |
|  | Greens | Ian McKenzie | 7,339 | 8.83 | +0.75 |
|  | Independent | Patrick Barry | 2,846 | 3.43 | +1.94 |
|  | Christian Democrats | Mitchell Pickstone | 2,341 | 2.82 | +0.42 |
|  | Citizens Electoral Council | Ann Lawler | 881 | 1.06 | +0.71 |
| Total formal votes | | | 83,080 | 93.08 | −2.25 |
| Informal votes | | | 6,176 | 6.92 | +2.25 |
| Turnout | | | 89,256 | 94.47 | −1.53 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Greg Combet | 52,064 | 62.67 | −0.24 |
|  | Liberal | John McDonald | 31,016 | 37.33 | +0.24 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | −0.24 |  |

### Elections in the 2000s

#### 2007

2007 Australian federal election: Charlton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Greg Combet | 44,156 | 53.08 | +6.47 |
|  | Liberal | Lindsay Paterson | 26,353 | 31.68 | −3.49 |
|  | Greens | Suzanne Pritchard | 6,708 | 8.06 | −0.71 |
|  | Independent | Stuart Ulrich | 2,008 | 2.41 | +2.41 |
|  | Christian Democrats | Jim Kendall | 2,007 | 2.41 | +2.41 |
|  | Independent | Patrick Barry | 1,253 | 1.51 | +1.51 |
|  | Socialist Equality | Terry Cook | 404 | 0.49 | +0.49 |
|  | Citizens Electoral Council | David Stow | 294 | 0.35 | −0.23 |
| Total formal votes | | | 83,183 | 95.34 | +0.46 |
| Informal votes | | | 4,066 | 4.66 | −0.46 |
| Turnout | | | 87,249 | 95.74 | +0.14 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Greg Combet | 52,298 | 62.87 | +4.47 |
|  | Liberal | Lindsay Paterson | 30,885 | 37.13 | −4.47 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | +4.47 |  |

#### 2004

2004 Australian federal election: Charlton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Kelly Hoare | 35,765 | 45.95 | −0.11 |
|  | Liberal | Kurt Darcey | 27,480 | 35.31 | +2.00 |
|  | Greens | Suzanne Pritchard | 6,964 | 8.95 | +4.01 |
|  | Family First | Paul Scarfe | 3,317 | 4.26 | +4.26 |
|  | One Nation | Bob Johnson | 2,416 | 3.10 | −4.63 |
|  | Democrats | Ben Roffey | 1,513 | 1.94 | −3.13 |
|  | Citizens Electoral Council | David Stow | 380 | 0.49 | +0.49 |
| Total formal votes | | | 77,835 | 95.04 | −0.38 |
| Informal votes | | | 4,059 | 4.96 | +0.38 |
| Turnout | | | 81,894 | 95.73 | +0.10 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Kelly Hoare | 45,084 | 57.92 | +1.26 |
|  | Liberal | Kurt Darcey | 32,751 | 42.08 | −1.26 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | +1.26 |  |

#### 2001

2001 Australian federal election: Charlton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Kelly Hoare | 35,079 | 46.06 | −2.53 |
|  | Liberal | Lindsay Paterson | 25,371 | 33.31 | +5.07 |
|  | One Nation | Bob Johnson | 5,884 | 7.73 | −4.28 |
|  | Democrats | Joshua Bell | 3,865 | 5.07 | +0.44 |
|  | Greens | David Blyth | 3,765 | 4.94 | +1.63 |
|  | Christian Democrats | Jim Kendall | 1,859 | 2.44 | −0.62 |
|  | Unity | John Thorpe | 339 | 0.45 | +0.45 |
| Total formal votes | | | 76,162 | 95.43 | −1.58 |
| Informal votes | | | 3,651 | 4.57 | +1.58 |
| Turnout | | | 79,813 | 96.04 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Kelly Hoare | 43,151 | 56.66 | −5.54 |
|  | Liberal | Lindsay Paterson | 33,011 | 43.34 | +5.54 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | −5.54 |  |

### Elections in the 1990s

#### 1998

1998 Australian federal election: Charlton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Kelly Hoare | 39,604 | 49.32 | −0.68 |
|  | Liberal | Bruce Gatgens | 22,175 | 27.61 | −5.86 |
|  | One Nation | Pamela Young | 9,664 | 12.03 | +12.03 |
|  | Democrats | Stephen Bisgrove | 3,689 | 4.59 | −3.80 |
|  | Greens | Nathan Ross | 2,679 | 3.34 | −1.66 |
|  | Christian Democrats | Ralph Gourlay | 2,494 | 3.11 | +3.11 |
| Total formal votes | | | 80,305 | 96.97 | +0.42 |
| Informal votes | | | 2,513 | 3.03 | −0.42 |
| Turnout | | | 82,818 | 96.20 | −1.14 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Kelly Hoare | 50,570 | 62.97 | +3.65 |
|  | Liberal | Bruce Gatgens | 29,735 | 37.03 | −3.65 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | +3.65 |  |

#### 1996

1996 Australian federal election: Charlton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Bob Brown | 38,665 | 50.00 | −10.91 |
|  | Liberal | Peter Craig | 25,884 | 33.47 | +6.64 |
|  | Democrats | Lyn Godfrey | 6,494 | 8.40 | +2.98 |
|  | Greens | Bernadette Brugman | 3,863 | 5.00 | +5.00 |
|  | Against Further Immigration | Ron Franks | 2,428 | 3.14 | +3.14 |
| Total formal votes | | | 77,334 | 96.55 | −0.22 |
| Informal votes | | | 2,767 | 3.45 | +0.22 |
| Turnout | | | 80,101 | 97.34 | +0.11 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Bob Brown | 45,646 | 59.32 | −7.78 |
|  | Liberal | Peter Craig | 31,298 | 40.68 | +7.78 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | −7.78 |  |

#### 1993

1993 Australian federal election: Charlton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Bob Brown | 44,680 | 60.90 | +8.33 |
|  | Liberal | Laurence Brewster | 19,681 | 26.83 | +6.18 |
|  | Democrats | Lyn Godfrey | 3,976 | 5.42 | −7.97 |
|  | Independent | John Baldwin | 2,216 | 3.02 | +3.02 |
|  | Call to Australia | Mick Sandford | 1,273 | 1.74 | +1.74 |
|  | Independent | Ryan Wilson | 780 | 1.06 | +1.06 |
|  | Independent | Charles Sievers | 516 | 0.70 | +0.70 |
|  | Natural Law | Zdenek Kviz | 239 | 0.33 | +0.33 |
| Total formal votes | | | 73,361 | 96.77 | −0.76 |
| Informal votes | | | 2,449 | 3.23 | +0.76 |
| Turnout | | | 75,810 | 97.23 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Bob Brown | 49,215 | 67.10 | +2.09 |
|  | Liberal | Laurence Brewster | 24,127 | 32.90 | −2.09 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | +2.09 |  |

#### 1990

1990 Australian federal election: Charlton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Bob Brown | 36,750 | 54.4 | −3.3 |
|  | Liberal | Mollie Blake | 13,950 | 20.7 | −6.6 |
|  | Democrats | Lyn Godfrey | 9,299 | 13.8 | +2.2 |
|  | Independent | Geoff Pendlebury | 7,510 | 11.1 | +11.1 |
| Total formal votes | | | 67,509 | 97.6 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 1,650 | 2.4 |  |
| Turnout | | | 69,159 | 96.1 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Bob Brown | 44,224 | 65.7 | −1.2 |
|  | Liberal | Mollie Blake | 23,115 | 34.3 | +1.2 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | −1.2 |  |

### Elections in the 1980s

#### 1987

1987 Australian federal election: Charlton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Bob Brown | 36,113 | 57.7 | −4.6 |
|  | Liberal | Mollie Blake | 17,084 | 27.3 | −0.1 |
|  | Democrats | Lyn Godfrey | 7,252 | 11.6 | +1.3 |
|  | Independent | Vishnu Chaudhary | 2,110 | 3.4 | +3.4 |
| Total formal votes | | | 62,559 | 95.8 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 2,760 | 4.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 65,319 | 95.4 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Bob Brown | 41,830 | 66.9 | −0.4 |
|  | Liberal | Mollie Blake | 20,729 | 33.1 | +0.4 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | −0.4 |  |

#### 1984

1984 Australian federal election: Charlton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Bob Brown | 36,860 | 62.3 | −4.2 |
|  | Liberal | Don Harris | 16,216 | 27.4 | +3.4 |
|  | Democrats | Lyn Godfrey | 6,105 | 10.3 | +2.2 |
| Total formal votes | | | 59,181 | 94.0 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 3,750 | 6.0 |  |
| Turnout | | | 62,931 | 95.4 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Bob Brown | 39,827 | 67.3 | −3.2 |
|  | Liberal | Don Harris | 19,354 | 32.7 | +3.2 |
|  | Labor **notional hold** | | **Swing** | −3.2 |  |


abstract: The Electrical and Mechanical Services Department is a Hong Kong government department responsible for inspection and enforcement of operation and safety of many electricity and gas installations; railways and trams; lifts and escalators; amusement rides; working platforms on building sites, and many other diverse areas. The department has two main branches: Regulatory Services and Trading Services. The department falls under the purview of the Development Bureau. The incumbent Director of Electrical and Mechanical Services is Pang Yiu-hung. The two deputy directors are H. C. Lai and T. H. Tai.

text:
# Electrical and Mechanical Services Department

| Electrical and Mechanical Services Department | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Head office | |
| Traditional Chinese | 機電工程署 |
| Simplified Chinese | 机电工程署 |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin Jīdiàn Gōngchéng Shǔ  Yue: Cantonese  Jyutping gei1 din6 gung1 cing4 cyu5 | |
|  | |

The **Electrical and Mechanical Services Department** (**EMSD**; Chinese: 機電工程署) is a Hong Kong government department responsible for inspection and enforcement of operation and safety of many electricity and gas installations; railways and trams; lifts and escalators; amusement rides; working platforms on building sites, and many other diverse areas. The department has two main branches: Regulatory Services and Trading Services. The department falls under the purview of the Development Bureau. The incumbent Director of Electrical and Mechanical Services is Pang Yiu-hung. The two deputy directors are H. C. Lai and T. H. Tai.

## Regulatory Services

## Trading Services

There are three branches under the Trading Services and each branch is led by an assistant director.

* Engineering Services Branch 1
* Engineering Branch 2
    + General Engineering Services Division
    + Municipal Sector Division
    + Health Sector Division
* Corporate Support and Business Development Branch

## Innovation and Development

In 2018, EMSD up an Interactive Learning Center in 4/F, EMSD HQ. The learning center has introduced the latest VR (Virtual reality) Learning systems for Electrical and Mechanical industry including the first LED Immersive CAVE in Hong Kong by combining the technologies of immersive VR and BIM (Building information modeling) and the VR training system for Kai Tak Cruise Terminal Passenger Boarding Bridges.

## InfoBox

Electrical and Mechanical Services Department
| 機電工程署 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Department overview | |
| Formed | 1948 (1948) (as Electrical and Mechanical Office)
1982 (1982) (as Electrical and Mechanical Services Department) |
| Preceding agencies | * Electrical Office * Mechanical Office * Transport Office |
| Jurisdiction | Hong Kong |
| Headquarters | 3 Kai Shing Street, Kowloon Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
22°19′35″N 114°12′14″E / 22.326387°N 114.203949°E / 22.326387; 114.203949 |
| Employees | 5,566 (March 2019) |
| Annual budget | HK$1,518.4m (2020-2021) |
| Minister responsible |  |
| Deputy Minister responsible |  |
| Department executive | * Eric Pang Yiu-hung, Director of Electrical and Mechanical Services |
| Parent department | Development Bureau |
| Website | www.emsd.gov.hk |


title: 1973 Westhoughton by-election

abstract: The Westhoughton by election took place for the House of Commons of the United Kingdom in Westhoughton on 24 May 1973. It was won by Roger Stott who held the seat for Labour after the death on 1 February of the previous MP, Tom Price.

text:
# 1973 Westhoughton by-election

The **Westhoughton by election** took place for the House of Commons of the United Kingdom in Westhoughton on 24 May 1973.

It was won by Roger Stott who held the seat for Labour after the death on 1 February of the previous MP, Tom Price.

## Result

By-election 1973: Westhoughton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Roger Stott** | **26,294** | **57.0** | **+1.6** |
|  | Conservative | Cyril A. Unsworth | 19,511 | 42.3 | −2.3 |
|  | Democratic Socialist | Brian O'Hara | 335 | 0.7 | *New* |
| Majority | | | 6,783 | 14.7 | +3.9 |
| Turnout | | | 46,140 |  |  |
|  | Labour **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

## Previous result

General election 1970: Westhoughton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Tom Price** | **29,674** | **55.4** |  |
|  | Conservative | Cyril A. Unsworth | 23,847 | 44.6 |  |
| Majority | | | 5,827 | 10.8 |  |
| Turnout | | | 53,521 | 76.9 |  |
|  | Labour **hold** | | Swing |  |  |


title: 1973 Wightman Cup

abstract: The 1973 Wightman Cup was the 45th edition of the annual women's team tennis competition between the United States and Great Britain. It was held at Longwood Cricket Club in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts in the United States.

text:
# 1973 Wightman Cup

The **1973 Wightman Cup** was the 45th edition of the annual women's team tennis competition between the United States and Great Britain. It was held at Longwood Cricket Club in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts in the United States.

|
United States
5 | Longwood Cricket Club, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, United States
1973
Grass | |
Great Britain
2 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 2 3   1
 **Chris Evert**
Virginia Wade **6**
4 **6**
2      2
 **Patti Hogan**
Veronica Burton **6**
4 **6**
3      3
 **Linda Tuero**
Glynis Coles **7**
5 **6**
2      4
 Chris Evert / Marita Redondo
**Glynis Coles / Virginia Wade** 3
**6** 4
**6**      5
 **Chris Evert**
Veronica Burton **6**
3 **6**
0      6
 Patti Hogan
**Virginia Wade** 2
**6** 2
**6**      7
 **Jeanne Evert / Patti Hogan**
Lindsey Beaven / Lesley Charles **6**
3 4
**6** **8**
6 | | | | | |

## InfoBox

1973 Wightman Cup
| Details | |
| --- | --- |
| Edition | 45th |
| Champion | |
| Winning nation | United States |
| 1972 1974 | |


title: Anti-sp100 antibodies

abstract: Anti-sp100 antibodies are found in association with primary biliary cirrhosis. The autoimmune target of anti-sp100 is the sp100 nuclear antigen which was identified by its association with primary biliary cirrhosis. 20-30% of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis have sp100 Abs. The sera of these patients exhibit a characteristic "nuclear dots" pattern in indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) on Hep-2 cells.

text:
# Anti-sp100 antibodies

**Anti-sp100 antibodies** are found in association with primary biliary cirrhosis. The autoimmune target of anti-sp100 is the sp100 nuclear antigen which was identified by its association with primary biliary cirrhosis. 20-30% of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis have sp100 Abs. The sera of these patients exhibit a characteristic "nuclear dots" pattern in indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) on Hep-2 cells.

## Immunodominant regions of sp100

* Antigenic region 1 - positions 296-311 - Sequence (I K K E K P F **S N S K V E** C Q A)
* Antigenic region 2 - positions 332-351 - Sequence (E G S T D V D **E P L E V F I S A** P R S E)

(Bolded areas represent the core epitope.)


title: 1550 in music

abstract: 1550 in music involved some significant events.

text:
# 1550 in music

| 1540s . **1550s in music** . 1560s |
| --- |
| . Music timeline |

**1550 in music** involved some significant events.

## Events

## Publications

* Antonino Barges – First book of villottas for four voices (Venice: Antonio Gardano), also includes a few works by Andrea Patricio
* Jacques Buus – First book of French chansons for five voices (Venice: Girolamo Scotto)
* Perissone Cambio – Second book of madrigals for five voices (Venice: Antonio Gardano)
* Baldassare Donato
    + *Le napollitane, et alcuni madrigali* for four voices (Venice: Girolamo Scotto)
    + First book of *Canzon Villanesche alla Napolitana* for four voices (Venice: Antonio Gardano), also includes a few pieces by Perissone Cambio
* Heinrich Faber*Ad musicam practicam introductio*, published in Nuremberg.
* Claude Gervaise, ed.
    + Fourth book of dances for four instruments (Paris: Pierre Attaignant)
    + Fifth book of dances for four instruments (Paris: Pierre Attaignant)
* Hoste da Reggio – Magnificat for four voices (Milan: Innocentio Ciconiarus), also includes other hymns and motets
* Heinrich Isaac and Ludwig Senfl – the first two volumes of *Choralis Constantinus*, a collection of motets, was published in Nuremberg.
* John Marbeck*Booke of Common Praier noted*, published in London.
* Francesco Portinaro – First book of madrigals for five voices (Venice: Antonio Gardano)
* Ramamatya – theoretical treatise on Carnatic music *Svaramelakalanidhi*.
* Cipriano de Rore – madrigal collection *Il primo libro de madregali* published in Ferrara.
* Adrian Willaert*Salmi spezzati*, a collection of antiphonal sacred music, published in Venice.

## Sacred music

## Secular music

## Births

* July 3 – Jacobus Gallus, late Renaissance Czech composer of Slovene origin (d. 1591)
* December 6 (baptised) – Orazio Vecchi, Italian composer (d. 1605)
* December 28 – Vicente Espinel, Spanish writer, guitarist, poet and priest (d. 1624)
* *probable*John Mundy, English composer and organist, son of composer William Mundy (d. 1630).
* *probable*Sebastian Raval, Spanish composer (d. 1604)
* *probable*Ippolito Baccusi, Italian composer (d. 1609)
* *probable*Emilio de' Cavalieri, Italian composer, organist, choreographer, teacher and diplomat (d. 1602)
* *probable*Francis Cutting, English lutenist and composer (d. 1596)
* *probable*Konrad Hagius, German court composer, musician and Kapellmeister (d. 1616)
* *probable*Simon Lohet, Flemish composer and organist (d. 1611)
* *probable* – Juan Navarro (of Cadiz), Spanish composer (d. c. 1610)
* *probable*Alessandro Orologio, Italian composer and trumpeter (d. 1633)
* *probable*Laura Peverara, Italian singer, harpist and dancer (d. 1601)
* *probable*Jakub Polak, Polish lutenist and composer (d. c. 1605)
* *probable* – Jan Tollius, Dutch composer and choirmaster (d. c. 1603)

## Deaths

## InfoBox

| List of years in music (table) |
| --- |
|  |
| In art 1547 1548 1549 1550 1551 1552 1553 |
| *+...* |


title: 1550s

abstract: The 1550s decade ran from January 1, 1550, to December 31, 1559.

text:
# 1550s

The **1550s** decade ran from January 1, 1550, to December 31, 1559.

## Events

### 1550

#### JanuaryMarch

#### AprilJune

#### JulySeptember

#### OctoberDecember

#### Date unknown

### 1551

#### JanuaryMarch

#### AprilJune

#### JulySeptember

#### OctoberDecember

#### Date unknown

* Qizilbash forces under the command of Tahmasp I raid and destroy the cave monastery of Vardzia in Georgia.
* In Henan province, China, during the Ming dynasty, a severe frost in the spring destroys the winter wheat crop. Torrential rains in mid summer cause massive flooding of farmland and villages (by some accounts submerged in a metre of water). In the fall, a large tornado demolishes houses and flattens much of the buckwheat in the fields. Famine victims either flee, starve, or resort to cannibalism. This follows a series of natural disasters in Henan in the years 1528, 1531, 1539, and 1545.
* In Slovakia, Guta (modern-day Kolárovo) receives town status.
* Portugal founds a sugar colony at Bahia.
* Juan de Betanzos begins to write his *Narrative of the Incas*.
* The new edition of the Genevan psalter, *Pseaumes octantetrois de David*, is published, with Louis Bourgeois as supervising composer, including the first publication of the hymn tune known as the *Old 100th*.

### 1552

#### JanuaryMarch

#### AprilJune

#### JulySeptember

#### OctoberDecember

#### Date unknown

* Miguel de Buría leads the first African rebellion in South America's history. This may be because Buría has more slaves than other regions in Venezuela, of which most join Miguel, and is still being contested between the Europeans and the natives, who also join his side. During this insurrection he takes over the Gold mines de San Felipe de Buría, established within the area with the consent of the Spanish Crown, to pull out the ore that was discovered in the Buria river, a task that heavily depends on slave work.
* In the Persian Gulf, the Ottoman Empire Red Sea Fleet attacks the Portuguese stronghold of Hormuz, but fails to capture it.
* In Italy, Bartolomeo Eustachi completes his *Tabulae anatomicae*, presenting his discoveries on the structure of the inner ear and heart, although, for fear of the Inquisition, it will not be published until 1714.
* King Edward VI of England founds 35 grammar schools by royal charter, including Shrewsbury; Leeds Grammar School is also established.

### 1553

#### JanuaryMarch

#### AprilJune

#### JulySeptember

#### OctoberDecember

#### Date unknown

### 1554

#### JanuaryMarch

#### AprilJune

#### JulySeptember

#### OctoberDecember

#### Date unknown

### 1555

#### JanuaryMarch

#### AprilJune

#### JulySeptember

#### OctoberDecember

#### Date unknown

### 1556

#### JanuaryMarch

#### AprilJune

#### JulySeptember

#### OctoberDecember

#### Date unknown

### 1557

#### JanuaryMarch

#### AprilJune

#### JulySeptember

#### OctoberDecember

#### Date unknown

### 1558

#### JanuaryMarch

#### AprilJune

#### JulySeptember

#### OctoberDecember

#### Unknown

#### Ongoing

### 1559

#### JanuaryMarch

#### AprilJune

#### JulySeptember

#### OctoberDecember

#### Date unknown

## Births

**1550**

**1551**

**1552**

**1553**

**1554**

**1555**

**1556**

**1557**

**1558**

**1559**

## Deaths

**1550**

**1551**

**1552**

**1553**

**1554**

**1555**

**1556**

**1557**

**1558**

Queen Mary I of England and Cardinal Reginald Pole died on November 17, 1558

**1559**


title: Anthony (character)

abstract: Anthony is a Raj comics character. The character and the plot is inspired by The Crow, created by James O'Barr.

text:
# Anthony (character)

**Anthony** is a Raj comics character. The character and the plot is inspired by *The Crow*, created by James O'Barr.

## Origin

Anthony was a great singer and his album "Crow Sangeet" (Crow Music) became very popular all over the world. He was murdered by jealousy and later resurrected by nature itself. Now he is undead and as long as his soul is out of his body, his corpse lies motionless, but his corpse was possessed several times by numerous enemies including Count Dracula.

## Plot summary

The late Anthony Gonsalvez, a young music enthusiast, composed an original album entitled "Crow Music". This album became very popular, much to the dismay of his competitors. He was tortured to death by his rivals. He is fondly remembered by his wife Julia and daughter Maria and his pet crow Prince still sits on his tombstone to mourn his death.

Whenever innocent people are subjected to injustice, Prince cries out, loud and shrill, in the graveyard. The air trembles, the clouds thunder, lightning flashes, and the dead man Anthony rises out of his grave to render the justice.

## Powers and abilities

Anthony can make use of cold fire, also called as hellfire, as a lethal weapon against his enemies. Though he cannot be hurt in any possible human way, after his death he became hydrophobic. On his second resurrection, this limit of his was removed. Anthony regenerates each time after he kills his enemy, and until then his corpse remains mutilated. He has superhuman strength as of Shakti, Nagraj and other superhumans of the Raj Comics universe. Psychic powers like telepathy do not affect him at all. He can teleport at any place on his wish.

## Family, friends and allies

* Julie (wife)
* Maria (daughter)
* Prince Crow
* Inspector/DCP Itihaas
* Venu AKA Saza
* John (Maria's husband)

## Enemies

* Bhanja
* Bhairav Nath
* Prof. Jaandaal
* khuler baba
* Gajanan
* baban
* lashkhor
* Obo
* pisaach
* Jeevan data
* koyla
* kala doctor
* Murda supari
* Kaga
* Dr Bharati
* Yamraj
* Justice kaal
* Death stone
* Vulture gang
* operator
* Deadly
* Dyne
* Dozer gang

## InfoBox

| Anthony | |
| --- | --- |
| Publication information | |
| Publisher | Raj Comics |
| In-story information | |
| Alter ego | Anthony Gonsalves
The Dead
Zinda Murda |
| Team affiliations | P.O.E.M. |
| Partnerships | Venu, Saja, Inspector later DCP Itihaas |
| Abilities | * Superhuman strength * Superhuman speed * Superhuman stamina * Superhuman durability * Superhuman agility * Superhuman invulnerability * Superhuman regenerative healing factor * Longevity/Immortality * Enhanced senses * Resistance to telepathy * Hellfire creation * Teleportation |


title: 130th IOC Session

abstract: The 130th IOC Session took place on 11 July 2017 at the SwissTech Convention Centre in Lausanne.

text:
# 130th IOC Session

The **130th IOC Session** took place on 11 July 2017 at the SwissTech Convention Centre in Lausanne.

## Host city elections

The session authorised the IOC Executive Board to conclude an agreement with Los Angeles and Paris and their respective NOCs for the simultaneous election of the host cities of the Olympic Games 2024 and 2028 during the 131st IOC Session in Lima later in 2017.


title: Elementary definition

abstract: In mathematical logic, an elementary definition is a definition that can be made using only finitary first-order logic, and in particular without reference to set theory or using extensions such as plural quantification. Elementary definitions are of particular interest because they admit a complete proof apparatus while still being expressive enough to support most everyday mathematics. Saying that a definition is elementary is a weaker condition than saying it is algebraic.

text:
# Elementary definition

In mathematical logic, an **elementary definition** is a definition that can be made using only finitary first-order logic, and in particular without reference to set theory or using extensions such as plural quantification. Elementary definitions are of particular interest because they admit a complete proof apparatus while still being expressive enough to support most everyday mathematics (via the addition of elementarily-expressible axioms such as Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory (ZFC)).

Saying that a definition is elementary is a weaker condition than saying it is algebraic.

* Mac Lane and Moerdijk, *Sheaves in Geometry and Logic: A First Introduction to Topos Theory,* page 4.


title: 1973–74 Four Hills Tournament

text:
# 1973–74 Four Hills Tournament

The 21st annual Four Hills Tournament was won by East German athlete Hans-Georg Aschenbach. After a dominating victory at the first event in Oberstdorf, and three more podium finishes, he ended up with a 43-point lead over second-placed Walter Steiner, who became the first Swiss to win a Four Hills event in Garmisch-Partenkirchen.

## Participating nations and athletes

| Nation | Number of Athletes | Athletes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| West Germany | 8 | Toni Angerer, Klaus Boll, Peter Dubb, Alfred Grosche, Sepp Schwinghammer, Rudi Tusch, Ernst Wursthorn, Bernd Zapf |
| Austria | 10 | Reinhold Bachler, Sepp Gratzer, Walter Habersatter, Toni Innauer, Hans Millonig, Willi Pürstl, Karl Schnabl, Walter Schwabl, Hans Wallner, Rudolf Wanner |
| Bulgaria | 5 | Georgi Geliov, Georgi Lasev, Ivan Scharkov, Ivan Schopov, Tascho Sterev |
| Canada | 5 | Richard Grady, Richard Graves, Knut Nordle, Tom Reaper, Peter Wilson |
| Czechoslovakia | 6 | Rudolf Höhnl, Karel Kodejška, Jaromír Liďák, Jan Matouš, Jiří Raška, Leoš Škoda |
| East Germany | 8 | Dietmar Aschenbach, Hans-Georg Aschenbach, Jochen Danneberg, Bernd Eckstein, Henry Glaß, Dietrich Kampf, Rainer Schmidt, Heinz Wosipiwo |
| Finland | 4 | Tauno Käyhkö, Esko Rautionaho, Jouko Törmänen, Kari Ylianttila |
| France | 5 | Jacques Gaillard, Philippe Jacoberger, Gilbert Poirot, Yvan Richard, James Yerrly |
| Italy | 4 | Ermes Bontempelli, Sandro Dalle Ave, Maurizio Dünnhofer, Lido Tomasi |
| Japan | 7 | Kasuhiro Akimoto, Masakatsu Asari, Hiroshi Itagaki, Takao Itō, Yūji Katsuro, Akitsugu Konno, Hisayoshi Sawada |
| Norway | 4 | Odd Grette, Arnfinn Henden, Bjarne Næs, Johan Sætre |
| Poland | 5 | Stanisław Bobak, Wojciech Fortuna, Czesław Janik, Adam Krzysztofiak, Tadeusz Pawlusiak |
| Soviet Union | 6 | Sergei Botschkov, Wladimir Frolov, Yury Kalinin, Aleks Karapusov, Gariy Napalkov, Wladimir Napylow |
| Sweden | 5 | Lennart Elimä, Christer Karlsson, Thomas Lundgren, Andreas Lundquist, Rolf Nordgren |
| Switzerland | 6 | Eric Aubert, Josef Bonetti, Hans Schmid, Walter Steiner, Ernst von Grünigen, Josef Zehnder |
| United States | 6 | Arne Haugen, Jerry Martin, Jay Rand, Ron Steele, Greg Windsperger, Jeff Wright |
| Yugoslavia | 6 | Branko Dolhar, Janez Jurman, Marjan Mesec, Marian Prelovšek, Danilo Pudgar, Peter Štefančič |
|

## Results

### Oberstdorf

Schattenbergschanze, Oberstdorf
30 December 1973

| Rank | Name | Points |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Hans-Georg Aschenbach | 245.1 |
| 2 | Heinz Wosipiwo | 225.0 |
| 3 | Hans Schmid | 222.8 |
| 4 | Esko Rautionaho | 221.3 |
| 5 | Yury Kalinin | 218.9 |
| 6 | Kari Ylianttila | 217.8 |
| 7 | Alfred Grosche | 217.3 |
| 8 | Tadeusz Pawlusiak | 211.8 |
| 9 | Jochen Danneberg | 210.5 |
| 10 | Hiroshi Itagaki | 210.4 |
| | Hisayoshi Sawada | 210.4 |
|

### Garmisch-Partenkirchen

Große Olympiaschanze, Garmisch-Partenkirchen
1 January 1974

Walter Steiner became the first Swiss ski jumper to win an event at a Four Hills Tournament. After a second result that placed him far ahead of the main field, Hans-Georg Aschenbach left the New Year's event with a lead of 34 points to his closest rival, Hans Schmid.

| Rank | Name | Points |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Walter Steiner | 240.9 |
| 2 | Hans-Georg Aschenbach | 239.4 |
| 3 | Dietrich Kampf | 227.9 |
| 4 | Hans Schmid | 227.7 |
| 5 | Henry Glaß | 227.3 |
| 6 | Bernd Eckstein | 226.7 |
| 7 | Tauno Käyhkö | 226.3 |
| 8 | Alfred Grosche | 225.2 |
| 9 | Jochen Danneberg | 224.8 |
| 10 | Gariy Napalkov | 224.1 |
|

### Innsbruck

Bergiselschanze, Innsbruck
3 January 1974

| Rank | Name | Points |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Hans-Georg Aschenbach | 251.3 |
| 2 | Hans Schmid | 244.6 |
| 3 | Walter Steiner | 242.9 |
| 4 | Henry Glaß | 240.5 |
| 5 | Bernd Eckstein | 239.2 |
| 6 | Rudolf Höhnl | 236.6 |
| 7 | Reinhold Bachler | 236.0 |
| 8 | Yury Kalinin | 235.7 |
| 9 | Dietrich Kampf | 235.6 |
| 10 | Tadeusz Pawlusiak | 234.5 |
|

### Bischofshofen

Paul-Ausserleitner-Schanze, Bischofshofen
5 January 1974

| Rank | Name | Points |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Bernd Eckstein | 237.4 |
| 2 | Walter Steiner | 235.7 |
| 3 | Hans-Georg Aschenbach | 235.0 |
| 4 | Dietrich Kampf | 230.0 |
| 5 | Henry Glaß | 227.3 |
| 6 | Odd Grette | 223.7 |
| 7 | Gariy Napalkov | 221.7 |
| 8 | Hiroshi Itagaki | 219.3 |
| 9 | Heinz Wosipiwo | 218.5 |
| 10 | Hans Schmid | 214.7 |
|

## Final ranking

| Rank | Name | Oberstdorf | Garmisch-Partenkirchen | Innsbruck | Bischofshofen | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Hans-Georg Aschenbach | 1st | 2nd | 1st | 3rd | **970.6** |
| 2 | Walter Steiner | 14th | 1st | 3rd | 2nd | **927.6** |
| 3 | Bernd Eckstein | 16th | 6th | 5th | 1st | **910.0** |
| 4 | Hans Schmid | 3rd | 4th | 2nd | 10th | **909.8** |
| 5 | Henry Glaß | 25th | 5th | 4th | 5th | **893.9** |
| 6 | Dietrich Kampf | 22nd | 3rd | 9th | 4th | **893.3** |
| 7 | Alfred Grosche | 7th | 8th | 11th | 19th | **880.5** |
| 8 | Heinz Wosipiwo | 2nd | 16th | 28th | 9th | **876.8** |
| 9 | Hiroshi Itagaki | 10th | 18th | 17th | 8th | **869.8** |
| 10 | Esko Rautionaho | 4th | 27th | 14th | 15th | **868.0** |
|

## InfoBox

| Four Hills Tournament | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Venues | Schattenbergschanze, Bergiselschanze, Große Olympiaschanze, Paul-Ausserleitner-Schanze |
| Location | West Germany, Austria |
| Dates | 30 December 1973 (1973-12-30) – 5 January 1974 (1974-01-05) |
| Competitors | 100 from 17 nations |
| Medalists | |
|  | |
|


title: 1974–75 Southern Hockey League season

abstract: The 1974–75 Southern Hockey League season was the second season of the Southern Hockey League. On July 31, 1975, Jack Riley was announced as the new commissioner of the SHL, taking over for interim leader Gene Hawthorne, of the Roanoke Valley Rebels. The four existing teams returned from the previous season, joined by a fifth expansion team from Fayetteville, North Carolina. The new team was named after the Fayetteville Arsenal, and was scheduled to play at the Cumberland County Memorial Arena. In October 1974, owner Bill Raue moved the team, to Hampton, Virginia before playing any games, when availability of home ice dates became a problem. The new Hampton Gulls moved into the Hampton Coliseum recently vacated by the Virginia Wings of the American Hockey League. The five teams played a complete schedule of 72 games, with the Charlotte Checkers winning the regular season, and the playoffs.

text:
# 1974–75 Southern Hockey League season

Southern Hockey League  300km
200miles Hampton Fayetteville Winston-Salem Suncoast Roanoke Macon  Greensboro  CharlotteSouthern Hockey League teams, 1974–1975.
Active teams  Former teams

The **1974–75 Southern Hockey League season** was the second season of the Southern Hockey League. On July 31, 1975, Jack Riley was announced as the new commissioner of the SHL, taking over for interim leader Gene Hawthorne, of the Roanoke Valley Rebels. The four existing teams returned from the previous season, joined by a fifth expansion team from Fayetteville, North Carolina. The new team was named after the Fayetteville Arsenal, and was scheduled to play at the Cumberland County Memorial Arena. In October 1974, owner Bill Raue moved the team, to Hampton, Virginia before playing any games, when availability of home ice dates became a problem. The new Hampton Gulls moved into the Hampton Coliseum recently vacated by the Virginia Wings of the American Hockey League. The five teams played a complete schedule of 72 games, with the Charlotte Checkers winning the regular season, and the playoffs.

## Standings

Final standings of the regular season.

|  | GP | W | L | T | GF | GA | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Charlotte Checkers | 72 | 50 | 21 | 1 | 370 | 256 | 101 |
| Hampton Gulls | 72 | 43 | 28 | 1 | 323 | 262 | 87 |
| Winston-Salem Polar Twins | 72 | 32 | 40 | 0 | 300 | 345 | 64 |
| Roanoke Valley Rebels | 72 | 29 | 41 | 2 | 296 | 304 | 60 |
| Greensboro Generals | 72 | 23 | 47 | 2 | 262 | 384 | 48 |

## WHA/NHL affiliations

Southern Hockey League franchises were primarily affiliated with World Hockey Association teams, however some also had agreements with National Hockey League teams. Summary of WHA/NHL affiliation agreements:

| SHL team | WHA parent clubs | NHL parent clubs |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Charlotte Checkers | Vancouver Blazers | Buffalo Sabres
California Golden Seals |
| Greensboro Generals | Michigan Stags/Baltimore Blades | New York Islanders |
| Hampton Gulls | Cincinnati Stingers | *none* |
| Roanoke Valley Rebels | Houston Aeros
Winnipeg Jets | *none* |
| Winston-Salem Polar Twins | *none* | New York Rangers
Detroit Red Wings |

## Scoring leaders

Top 10 SHL points scoring leaders.

| Rank | Player | Team | Goals | Assists | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Steve Hull | Charlotte | 39 | 75 | 114 |
| 2 | Claude Chartre | Hampton | 33 | 79 | 112 |
| 3 | Andre Deschamps | Charlotte | 59 | 42 | 101 |
| 4 | Lorne Rombough | Hampton | 56 | 43 | 99 |
| 5 | Ken Gassoff | Winston-Salem | 31 | 55 | 86 |
| 6 | Wayne Zuk | Greensboro | 35 | 49 | 84 |
| 7 | Camille LaPierre | Roanoke Valley | 35 | 45 | 80 |
| 7 | Wally Olds | Hampton | 19 | 61 | 80 |
| 9 | Bobby Guindon | Roanoke Valley | 40 | 38 | 78 |
| 10 | Jamie Kennedy | Winston-Salem | 37 | 40 | 77 |

## Playoffs

James Crockett Cup playoffs.

|  | Semifinals | | |  |  | Final | | |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | 1 | **Charlotte Checkers** | 4 |  |  | | | | |
|  | | | | | |
|  | **4** | Roanoke Valley Rebels | 0 |  | |
|  | | | | |  | 1 | **Charlotte Checkers** | **4** |  |
|  | | | | | |  | | |  |
|  | |  |  | 2 | Hampton Gulls | 2 |  |
|  | 2 | | | | | | **Hampton Gulls** | ? |  |
|  | | | | |  | | | | |
|  | | 3 | Winston-Salem Polar Twins | ? |  |


title: Elena Risteska discography

abstract: The discography of Macedonian recording artist Elena Risteska consists of three studio albums, nineteen singles and twelve music videos. As feature artist she has three songs. She debuted on the Macedonian music scene with her first album Den i Nok in 2003. Her first single was "Ona drugoto" and with it she won the competition "Play - Search for a new star". With her single "Ninanajna" she represented Macedonia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2006 and it placed on the 12th place in the final. Her first Serbian language album is called Milioner realized in 2008. "Million Dollar Player" is the name of her first English language single and it features Leroy Chambers. Nearly all the melodies are written by her producer Darko Dimitrov and about the lyrics since now she has collaborated with people like: Kaliopi Bukle, Ognen Nedelkovski, Snežana Vukomanović and Aida Baraku. Elena is also a songwriter & has written many of her songs such as: "Dosta" (Enough), "Sakam Po Dobro Da Te Pamtam" & many more.

text:
# Elena Risteska discography

The discography of Macedonian recording artist Elena Risteska consists of three studio albums, nineteen singles and twelve music videos. As feature artist she has three songs. She debuted on the Macedonian music scene with her first album *Den i Nok* in 2003. Her first single was "Ona drugoto" and with it she won the competition "Play - Search for a new star". With her single "Ninanajna" she represented Macedonia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2006 and it placed on the 12th place in the final. Her first Serbian language album is called *Milioner* realized in 2008. "Million Dollar Player" is the name of her first English language single and it features Leroy Chambers. Nearly all the melodies are written by her producer Darko Dimitrov and about the lyrics since now she has collaborated with people like: Kaliopi Bukle, Ognen Nedelkovski, Snežana Vukomanović and Aida Baraku. Elena is also a songwriter & has written many of her songs such as: "Dosta" (Enough), "Sakam Po Dobro Da Te Pamtam" (I want to remember you for good) & many more.

## Albums

| Year | Album details |
| --- | --- |
|
| 2003 | ***Den i Nok**** Language: Macedonian * Released: 2003 * Label: M2 Production * Formats: CD, digital download |
| 2006 | ***192**** Language: Macedonian * Released: December 26, 2006 * Label: M2 Production * Formats: CD, digital download |
|
| 2008 | ***Milioner*** |
| 2016 | ***Bez Šminka**** Language: Macedonian * Released: 2016 * Label: ER Music And Artist * Formats: CD |

## Singles

| Year | Song | Album |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2003 | "Ona Drugoto" | *Den i Nok* |
| | "Den i Nok" | |
| | "Raj i Pekol" | |
| | "Vo Tvojot Svet"  (feat Adnan) | |
| | "Ne Sakam Da Krijam" | |
| 2004 | "Pobeda Za Nas"  (with Emil Arsov) | *Pod isto nebo sme* |
| 2005 | "Ni Na Nebo, Ni Na Zemja" | *192* & *Milioner* |
| 2006 | "Ninanajna" | |
| | "Ne Mogu" | *Milioner* |
| | "Esen Vo Mene" | *192* & *Milioner* |
| | "Ljubav Nije Za Nas  (with Regina) | *Milioner* |
| 2007 | "192" | *192* |
| | "Milioner" (featuring Leroy Chambers) | |
| | "Kreveta Dva" | *Milioner* |
| 2008 | "Million Dollar Player" (featuring Leroy Chambers) |  |
| | "Nekade Daleku" ("Bye, Bye") | *192* & *Milioner* |
| | "More Sokol Pie" | *Makedonija Zasekogaš* |
| | "Sakam Da Te Galam"  (with Parketi) |  |
| 2006/2009 | "Usni Kako Temno Mastilo/Usne Boje Tamnog Mastila" | *192* & *Milioner* |
| 2009 | "Dosta" | *Bez Šminka* |
| 2010 | "A Moževme" | *Još Uvijek Sanjam Da Smo Zajedno* |
| 2010 | "Sakam Po Dobro Da Te Pamtam" | *Bez Šminka* |
| 2010 | "Srekna Nova Godina" |  |
| 2011 | "Najdobro Do Sega" (with Lambe Alabakovski) | *Bez Šminka* |
| 2012 | "Opasno Vreme" | |
| | "Ne laži me" | |
| 2013 | "Što si ti" | |
| 2015 | "Doživotno" | |
| | "Na ista adresa" |
| 2016 | "Bez Šminka" | *Bez Šminka* |

| Year | Song | Album |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2006 | "Na Nekoi Drugi Svetovi" (Lambe Alabakoski & Vrčak) | *More od Solzi* |
| | "Zaspana Ubavica"  (Vrčak) | *Vo Tvoeto Srce* |
| 2008 | "Come and Get Me"  (SnowBlack) |  |

## Music videos

| Year | Title | Director(s) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2003 | "Den i Nok" | *Tomato Produkcija* |
| | "Raj i Pekol" | *Video Lab* & Dejan Milicevic |
| 2004 | "Ne Sakam Da Krijam" |  |
| 2005 | "Ni Na Nebo, Ni Na Zemja" | *Tomato Produkcija* |
| 2006 | "Ninanajna" | *Tomato Produkcija* |
| | "Esen Vo Mene" | *Tomato Produkcija* |
| | "Ljubav Nije Za Nas" |  |
| 2007 | "Milioner" | Darko Andonovski |
| 2008 | "Million Dollar Player" | *Corrino Media Group* |
| | "Nekade Daleku" ("Bye, Bye") | Aleksandar Ristovski - Princ |
| | "Sakam Da Te Galam" | Aleksandar Ristovski - Princ |
| 2009 | "Usni Kako Temno Mastilo/Usne Boje Tamnog Mastila" | Aleksandar Ristovski - Princ |
| | "Dosta" | Aleksandar Ristovski - Princ |
| 2010 | "Sakam Po Dobro Da Te Pamtam" | Rec Production |
| 2011 | "Najdobro Do Sega" | Tomato Produkcija |
| 2012 | "Opasno Vreme" | Daniel Joveski |
| 2015 | "Doživotno" | Tomato Produkcija |

## InfoBox

| Elena Risteska discography | |
| --- | --- |
| Risteska performing in a night club, 2007 | |
| Studio albums | 4 |
| Music videos | 12 |
| Singles | 21 |
| As featured artist | 3 |


title: Anthidium paroselae

abstract: Anthidium paroselae is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae, the leaf-cutter, carder, or mason bees.

text:
# Anthidium paroselae

***Anthidium paroselae*** is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae, the leaf-cutter, carder, or mason bees.

## Distribution

Middle America and North America

## InfoBox

| *Anthidium paroselae* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Megachilidae |
| Genus: | *Anthidium* |
| Species: | ***A. paroselae*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Anthidium paroselae***<br>Cockerell, 1898 | |
|


title: 1957 NFL playoffs

text:
# 1957 NFL playoffs

The 1957 National Football League season resulted in a tie for the Western Conference championship between the Detroit Lions and San Francisco 49ers. Both finished at 8–4 and had split their two games during the regular season in November, with the home team winning each.

The tie thus required a one-game playoff to be held between the two teams. This conference championship game was played on December 22 at Kezar Stadium in San Francisco; down 27–7 early in the second half, Detroit rallied with 24 unanswered points to win 31–27.

The Lions moved on to host the Cleveland Browns on December 29 in the championship game, and won in a 59–14 rout at Briggs Stadium for their third title in six years. Through 2024, it is Detroit's most recent league title, and fourth-most recent victory in a postseason game.

## Tournament bracket

|  | Western Conference playoff
December 22 | | |  |  | NFL Championship
December 29 | | |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  | | |  |  | E | Cleveland | 14 |  |
|  | W | **Detroit** | **31** |  |  | W | **Detroit** | **59** |  |
|  | W | San Francisco | 27 |  |  |  | | |  |

## Western Conference championship

**Detroit Lions 31, San Francisco 49ers 27**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Lions | 0 | 7 | 14 | 10 | **31** |
| 49ers | 14 | 10 | 3 | 0 | **27** |

*at Kezar Stadium in San Francisco, California*

* **Date**: December 22, 1957
* **Game time**: 1:00 p.m. PST
* **Game attendance**: 60,118

| Game information |
| --- |
| * **First Quarter** * **Second Quarter**     + DET Junker 4 pass from Rote (Martin kick), SF 14–7     + SF  Wilson 12 pass from Tittle (Soltau kick), SF 21–7     + SF   – field goal Soltau 25, SF 24–7 * **Third Quarter**     + SF   – field goal Soltau 10, SF 27–7     + DET Tracy 1 run (Martin kick), SF 27–14     + DET – Tracy 58 run (Martin kick), SF 27–21 * **Fourth Quarter**     + DET Gedman 2 run (Martin kick), DET 28–27     + DET – field goal Martin 13, DET 31–27 |

The Lions trailed the 49ers 24–7 at halftime, and were down twenty points in the third quarter. During halftime, Lions players were apparently motivated by the jubilent sounds coming out from the Niner locker room; gloating or not gloating, the Lions cited it as motivation for the second half. Hugh McElhenny went on a 71-yard run in the third quarter that saw him just short of the goalline, but San Francisco settled for a field goal not long after due to the Detroit defense. It was their last points of the season. Quarterback Bobby Layne had been lost for the season two weeks earlier, and backup Tobin Rote led the Lions' rally, scoring 24 unanswered points in the second half to win, 31–27, with Tom Tracy (a Detroit back who hadn't played in four games that played due to injury to John Henry Johnson) scoring two touchdowns. Gene Gedman, another back with little playing time for Detroit, scored the go-ahead touchdown in less than a minute into the fourth quarter. Y.A. Tittle threw three interceptions in the fourth quarter (the last to Roger Zatkoff) and lost a fumble in a disastrous fourth quarter for the 49ers, who had four turnovers in the final frame and saw Joe Perry suffer a broken jaw. The game was featured on NFL Top 10 as #2 on *Top Ten Comebacks*. As of 2024, this is the last time the Lions have won a playoff game on the road.

## NFL Championship game

## InfoBox

1957 NFL playoffs
| Dates | December 22–29, 1957 |
| --- | --- |
| Season | 1957 |
| Teams | 3 |
| Games played | 2 |
| NFL Championship Game site |  |
| Defending champions | New York Giants
*(did not qualify)* |
| Champions | Detroit Lions |
| Runners-up | Cleveland Browns |
| Conference
runners-up |  |
|  | |


title: Alfred Eyles

abstract: Sir Alfred Eyles, KCB, KBE was a British civil servant at the Admiralty who was Accountant-General of the Navy from 1906 to 1918. Eyles entered the Admiralty in 1876. He was private secretary to Sir Gerald FitzGerald, Accountant-General of the Navy, in 1885, Staff Officer for Estimates in 1891, Assistant Principal Clerk in 1897, Assistant Accountant-General in 1903, Deputy Accountant-General in 1904, and Accountant-General of the Navy from 1906 to 1918, when he retired. Eyles was appointed CB in 1908, KCB in 1913 and KBE in 1919. The writer Leonora Eyles was his daughter-in-law.

text:
# Alfred Eyles

**Sir Alfred Eyles**, KCB, KBE (8 December 1856 – 16 May 1945) was a British civil servant at the Admiralty who was Accountant-General of the Navy from 1906 to 1918.

Eyles entered the Admiralty in 1876. He was private secretary to Sir Gerald FitzGerald, Accountant-General of the Navy, in 1885, Staff Officer for Estimates in 1891, Assistant Principal Clerk in 1897, Assistant Accountant-General in 1903, Deputy Accountant-General in 1904, and Accountant-General of the Navy from 1906 to 1918, when he retired.

Eyles was appointed CB in 1908, KCB in 1913 and KBE in 1919.

The writer Leonora Eyles was his daughter-in-law.


title: 101st Infantry Regiment (United States)

abstract: The 101st Infantry Regiment was a formation of the United States Army, Massachusetts Army National Guard. Its history dates back to the American Civil War, and continued through the Spanish–American War, World War I, and World War II before being consolidated with Massachusetts' 182nd Infantry Regiment in 1992; the spirit of the 101st and its history live on in the 182nd Infantry and the 26th Infantry Brigade Combat Team of the Massachusetts Army National Guard.

text:
# 101st Infantry Regiment (United States)

The **101st Infantry Regiment** was a formation of the United States Army, Massachusetts Army National Guard. Its history dates back to the American Civil War, and continued through the Spanish–American War, World War I, and World War II before being consolidated with Massachusetts' 182nd Infantry Regiment in 1992; the spirit of the 101st and its history live on in the 182nd Infantry and the 26th Infantry Brigade Combat Team of the Massachusetts Army National Guard.

## Civil War

Originally, the 101st Regiment was the 9th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, the "Fighting Ninth," and it was first mustered into federal service on 20 June 1861. Many of the men and officers were Irish immigrants, and under the leadership of Colonel Thomas Cass, the Massachusetts soldiers fought in ten major engagements during the war. The regiment was initially blooded at the Battle of Gaines's Mill and again at the Battle of Malvern Hill. The Fighting Ninth went on to battle the Confederates at the Battle of Second Manassas, where the Union Army was soundly defeated, and at the Battle of Antietam, where a slight Union victory prompted Abraham Lincoln to sign the Emancipation Proclamation. The 9th Massachusetts was then heavily engaged in two subsequent Union defeats; the Battle of Fredericksburg and the Battle of Chancellorsville before taking part in the momentous Battle of Gettysburg, where Union forces delivered a decisive victory against the Confederates. As a part of General Ulysses Grant's army, the 9th fought at the Battle of Spotsylvania as part of the Overland Campaign. Near the infamous Bloody Angle, the 9th marched on Laurel Hill and the regimental commander, COL Guiney was severely wounded, and the exhausted regiment was withdrawn. It was finally mustered out of service on 21 June 1864 in Boston after seeing much action.

## Post Civil War

The 9th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment was reorganized as the 9th Regiment M.V.M. on 18 May 1866. Reorganized 9 July 1876 as 9th Battalion of infantry. Expanded and redesignated 9th Regiment 3 December 1878.

## Spanish–American War

On 4 May 1898, the 9th Massachusetts was called up again under the command of Colonel Lawrence J. Logan, and was quickly sent to Santiago, Cuba. Spanish forces had surrendered before the 9th could engage in any major combat roles, and the majority of the regiment's casualties were the result of disease, particularly yellow fever. At this point the regiment was still a unit of the Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, but in 1907, in response to the Militia Act of 1903, it became a part of the Massachusetts National Guard. In this role it and other units served both the nation, as an Army reserve, and the state, in domestic crises like the Great Chelsea Fire of 1908. The regiment, and units within it, became a source of civic pride in Boston, celebrated for example in music like "101st Regiment U. S. A." (by Bert Potter) and "Battery A March."

## World War I

The 9th Massachusetts had been protecting the Mexico–United States border near El Paso, Texas from 18 June-22 November 1916, and was prepared for other such mobilizations, which would prove to be vital in April 1917, when the United States joined the Allied Powers during the First World War. In order to prepare the regiment for service, it was redesignated the 101st Infantry Regiment, and was assigned to the 51st Infantry Brigade of the 26th Infantry Division, the "Yankee Division." The 102nd Infantry Regiment was also assigned to the 51st Brigade. The regiment mustered in its new form on 22 August 1917 in Framingham, Massachusetts and arrived in France in September. It was the first Army National Guard unit of the American Expeditionary Force to arrive in France, and was also the first National Guard unit to enter frontline combat. Alongside the French Army, the 101st made a raid into German lines on 23 February 1918, marking the first time an American unit had launched a raid in the war. Commanded by Edward Lawrence Logan, the 26th Division, including the 101st Regiment, engaged the Germans in numerous battles along the Western Front including; the 1918 German spring offensive, the Third Battle of the Aisne, the Second Battle of the Marne, the Battle of Saint-Mihiel, and the massive Meuse-Argonne Offensive. It was here in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive that Private First Class Michael J. Perkins from Boston, earned the Medal of Honor. While advancing with D Company, 101st Infantry, he single-handedly neutralized a fortified pillbox with grenades, and captured 25 prisoners and 7 machine guns with his trench knife. The bloodied regiment was mustered out of service in April 1919 at Camp Devens.

## Interwar period

Per the terms of the National Defense Act of 1920, the 101st Infantry was reconstituted in the National Guard in 1921, assigned to the 26th Division, and allotted to the state of Massachusetts. It was reorganized on 30 September 1921 by redesignation of the 9th Infantry, Massachusetts National Guard (organized 1919–20; headquarters organized 20 January 1921 and federally recognized at Boston, Massachusetts) as the 101st Infantry. Several companies were called up to perform hurricane relief at Cape Cod in September 1938. The regiment conducted annual summer training most years at Camp Devens, Massachusetts, 1921–34, and at the Massachusetts Military Reservation at Falmouth, Massachusetts, 1936-38.

## World War II

While Germany and Fascist Italy were in the process of conquering most of Europe in 1939 and 1940, and the Empire of Japan grabbing territory in the Pacific and China, the United States felt unprepared in the event war was necessary to combat the Axis Powers and began mobilizing its army in response. The Selective Training and Service Act of 1940 which allowed the government to draft US citizens, was passed, and all available National Guard divisions were inducted into federal service within a year. On 16 January 1941 the 26th Division, the "Yankee Division," was inducted, which included the 101st Infantry Regiment. 1,500 new recruits joined the regiment for training at Camp Edwards, Massachusetts and for the Carolina Maneuvers. The 101st was brought to full strength in February 1943 and departed for Europe on 27 August 1944. The regiment arrived in Cherbourg, France on 7 September 1944 and prepared for combat operations.

### Arracourt and Lorraine

The combat action of the Regiment is marked by aggressiveness. From the beginning, the infantrymen of the regiment were seldom passive. Under the leadership of Col. Walter T. Scott, the 101st worked, attacked, and maneuvered with dexterity and intensity. The 26th Division relieved the 4th Armored Division on 7 October 1944, and the 101st Regiment began offensive operations 8 November 1944. They attacked the Germans near Arracourt, and the regiment's objective was Hill 310. After a thunderous artillery barrage, the 2nd Battalion (2-101) advanced on the hill and the 1st (1-101) and 3rd (3-101) Battalions covered the flanks by engaging Germans elsewhere. In this action, the Regiment advanced to the town of Moyenvic and captured 524 prisoners.

On the 12 November 3-101 drove off an enemy counterattack coming from Wuisse, and on 13 November the Regiment received 759 replacements. With their ranks replenished, the Regiment seized Bourgaltroff, near Marimont. On 19 November, the GIs attacked through water waist deep on a general line north and south through Bergelstroff. 3-101 received the Distinguished Unit Citation for its actions from 18 to 21 November 1944. (WD GO 109-45)

LTC Lyons, C. O. of 2-101, was seriously wounded on that day. On 20 November 1-101 under LTC Lawrence M. Kirk captured Lohr and Innsviller and 3-101 under LTC James N. Peale, Jr. captured Torcheville. 1-101 captured Altweiller on 27 November. On 1 December, in coordination with the 4th Armored Division, the 101st Infantry attacked Sarre-Union. 1-101 seized high ground to the east, and the city fell to the 101st Infantry on 3 December. The Regiment was relieved at Rohrbach on 10 December by the 87th Infantry Division.

### Metz

While moving through Metz, 2-101 was ordered to contain the German garrison at Fort Jeanne d'Arc and it relieved the elements of the 345th Infantry Regiment. On 11 December, 1-101 joined the containment force. On 13 December, the German garrison surrendered and the troops of the 101st Infantry enjoyed much deserved R&R in Metz. However, on 19 December the Regiment was called up again to help stop a German breakthrough in Belgium and Luxembourg.

### Battle of the Bulge

On 20 December the regiment was transported by motor vehicle to Luxembourg. The movement of 26th Division was the initial effort made by the Third Army to defend the southern flank of the German penetration. The Battle of the Bulge was destined to be one of the fiercest and most trying of all for the 101st Infantry. Task Force Dunham, led by CPT Leland Dunham, made first contact with the Germans on 23 December. The enemy they faced were Fallschirmjäger troops who used captured American equipment against them. The days on the front were long, and the cold took as much of a toll on the men as the Germans. On 24 December, 2-101 captured Rambrouch and Koetschette in time for the regiment to spend a quiet Christmas Eve. On 25 December, the 101st Infantry relieved the 328th Infantry (also a part of the 26th Infantry Division), and 2-101 quickly seized Arsdorf.

Here, they encountered the Gross Deutschland Division, and drove them away from the Sure River after COL Scott personally led the attack across the water in a makeshift boat. The 1-101 and 3-101 joined at the town of Liefrange after repelling enemy counterattacks. On 28 December 1-101 took Bavigne and 2-101 took Mecher-Dunkrodt. The regiment was forced to fight against fierce opposition on Hill 490 and the Mon Shuman crossroads, and constant battle exhausted the men. On 31 December, 3-101 captured the Bavigne-Wiltz Road, but was forced to retreat on 1 January 1945. On 9 January, the 101st moved to reinforce the advancing 35th Infantry Division and fought with the German 5th Parachute Division in order to break through "the Bulge" near Bastogne. On the morning of 9 January, 3-101 attacked while 2-101 advanced alongside the 90th Infantry Division. The determined drive to break the enemy line succeeded. On 21 January the Regiment attacked the enemy supply center of Wiltz. 1-101, led by LTC Albert L. Gramm took the city, with 2-101 and 3-101 attacking in the vicinity of Noertrange. After continuing through Wiltz, the 101st Regiment encountered German mine fields, Schumines, and booby trapped enemy bodies. Nevertheless, the attack moved swiftly to Selscheid. On 24 January, the regiment crossed the Clerf River under heavy fire, and after seizing its objective, Clervaux, the 101st Infantry, along with the entire 26th Division, concluded its combat action in the Ardennes region. It was a tough fight, and one Yankee soldier called it, "our Valley Forge."

### Saarlautern

On 28 January 1945, the 101st Infantry Regiment acted as the 26th Infantry Division reserve in the area of Falck, France. On 23 February, the 101st relieved the 328th Infantry Regiment and held a bridgehead over the Saar River near Saarlautern. Skirmishing with the enemy and sending combat patrols to harass German positions was commonplace in the cities of Saarlautern and Fraulautern. The bridgehead was held until the regiment was relieved on 8 March 1945, and moved to Saarburg.

### Push to the Rhine

On 13 March, the XX Corps attacked along a broad front and the 101st Infantry began its advance on 15 March. On 17 March, 1-101 captured Bratdorf. As organized German resistance crumbled, COL Scott ordered the formation of the Saint Patrick's task force, which was led by MAJ Joseph P. Boucher. The task force consisted of "A" Company, 1-101 Infantry, one platoon of the 26th Reconnaissance Troop, one platoon of 818th Tank Destroyers, one platoon 778th Tank Battalion, one platoon of Regimental Antitank Company, and one squad from the Antitank mine platoon. Spearheading the 101st Infantry drive, Task Force St. Patrick reached Buprich on the night of the 17th of March and secured a bridgehead across the Prims River. Soon, the bridge was secured by the rest of the regiment. By 18 March, 901 POWs had been captured. Telephone communications were unavailable due to the nature of the rapid advance, and control was maintained entirely by use of radio. On 19 March, Task Force St. Patrick, seized Ottweiler along with troops from the 104th Infantry. The advance continued east with all three battalions of the regiment attacking simultaneously. 3-101 was molded into a motorized infantry battalion to increase its speed in raids and counterattacks. The pursuit of the enemy was quick, and the regiment only suffered light casualties. By 25 March 1945, the entire Regiment was across the Rhine River, and into central Germany, near Wiesbaden.

### East of the Rhine

The night of 25 March, the 101st pushed east and contact with the enemy was maintained throughout their rapid advance. 2-101 and 3-101 crossed the Main River in assault boats and were followed by 1-101. On Easter Sunday, 1 April 1945, 1-101 attacked the Germans at Fulda while 2-101 and 3-101 cleared out the nearby woods to the north and northeast. Fulda was cleared on 3 April, and within the next two days, 16 German officers and 1,307 enlisted men surrendered to the 101st Infantry (1,000 of the prisoners were Hungarian). The 101st Regiment pushed east, and reached Sonneberg, Germany on 12 April. COL Scott telephoned the most senior man in the town and informed him that the city had been surrounded, and soon white flags arose from town, and all three 101st battalions captured it without firing a shot. In order to protect the 26th Division's left flank, the 101st moved to Cham, where MAJ Joseph Boucher, CO of 1-101 was killed in an enemy ambush. The final action of the 101st Infantry was made in a drive on Passau, a key city on the Danube River. On 4 May, the 101st crossed into Austria, and then moved into Czechoslovakia. On 7 May 1945, Wehrmacht Major General Von Butler surrendered the whole German 85th Corps to the regiment, a total of 5,000 men. From 7 May to 9 May, over 25,000 prisoners were captured by the 101st Infantry Regiment, as the Germans rapidly fled from the Russians to the east.

## Post WWII

The 101st Infantry continued to serve in the Massachusetts National Guard as part of the 26th Infantry Division. Various battalions and companies remained active until 1 September 1992, when the 1st Battalion, 101st Infantry, the sole active unit of the regiment, was consolidated with the 1st Battalion, 182nd Infantry Regiment.

## InfoBox

| 101st Infantry Regiment (9th Massachusetts) | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Active | 1861–1864. 1898-1992 |
| Country | United States |
| Branch | Massachusetts Army National Guard |
| Type | Infantry |
| Size | Regiment |
| Motto(s) | *Semper Paratus* |
| Engagements |  |


title: Dorothy Rieber Joralemon

abstract: Dorothy Rieber Joralemon was an American abstract sculptor, children's portrait artist and writer based in Northern California.

text:
# Dorothy Rieber Joralemon

**Dorothy Rieber Joralemon** (March 19, 1893 – March 22, 1987) was an American abstract sculptor, children's portrait artist and writer based in Northern California.

## Early life and education

Born in San Francisco as **Dorothy Rieber**, she was the daughter of Winifred Smith Rieber, a portrait painter, and Charles Henry Rieber, a professor of philosophy at the University of California, Berkeley. She played Joan of Arc in *The Partheneia,* a 1912 pageant on campus. She graduated Phi Beta Kappa from the same institution in 1915. After college, she spent time in France, as a Red Cross canteen worker during World War I.

Rieber next studied art at the Art Students League of New York and began her career as a children's portrait artist. In the 1930s, she discovered modern art and abstraction under the tutelage of Vaclav Vytlacil at the California College of Arts and Crafts. She also had art lessons with Worth Ryder and Rudolph Schaeffer, the latter at the Rudolph Schaeffer School of Design.

## Career

Joralemon showed work at exhibitions of the American Abstract Artists, and appeared at the Golden Gate International Exposition (GGIE), but by the 1950s she was forced to stop her art career due to problems with her eyesight. In the 1980s she wrote pieces for a number of magazines including *American Heritage, American West* and *New Age Magazine*. She was a member of the San Francisco Society of Women Artists.

## Personal life and legacy

In 1919, Rieber married Ira B. Joralemon, a geologist and mining engineer; they had known each other since childhood. They lived for many years in Berkeley, in a home at 168 Southampton Avenue designed by Bernard Maybeck. The couple had two children, a son Peter and a daughter Margaret. Her husband died in 1975, and she died in 1987, in Berkeley, at the age of 94.

Her artwork is found in various collections including that of the Mills College Art Museum.

## InfoBox

| Dorothe Rieber Joralemon | |
| --- | --- |
| Dorothy Rieber, from the 1915 yearbook of the University of California | |
| Born | Dorothy Rieber
March 19, 1893
San Francisco, California, U.S. |
| Died | March 22, 1987
Berkeley, California, U.S. |
| Education | University of California, Berkeley,
Art Students League of New York,
California College of Arts and Crafts,
Rudolph Schaeffer School of Design |
| Occupation(s) | Artist, writer |
| Known for | Children's portraits, abstract sculptor |
| Spouse | Ira B. Joralemon (m. 1919–1975; death) |
| Children | 2 |


title: 1967 New Zealand Grand Prix

abstract: The 1967 New Zealand Grand Prix was a race held at the Pukekohe Park Raceway on 7 January 1967. The race had 19 starters. It was the 14th New Zealand Grand Prix, and doubled as the opening round of the 1967 Tasman Series. Jackie Stewart won his only NZGP, becoming the last British driver to win the event until Lando Norris in 2016.

text:
# 1967 New Zealand Grand Prix

The **1967 New Zealand Grand Prix** was a race held at the Pukekohe Park Raceway on 7 January 1967. The race had 19 starters.

It was the 14th New Zealand Grand Prix, and doubled as the opening round of the 1967 Tasman Series. Jackie Stewart won his only NZGP, becoming the last British driver to win the event until Lando Norris in 2016.

## Classification

Results as follows:

| Pos | No. | Driver | Team | Car | Laps | Time | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 2 | Jackie Stewart | R.H.H. Parnell | BRM P261 / BRM V8 2.1 | 57 | 59m 16.4s | **9** |
| 2 | 6 | Jim Clark | Team Lotus | Lotus 33 / Coventry Climax FWMV V8 2.0 | 57 | 59m 20.9s | **6** |
| 3 | 1 | Richard Attwood | R.H.H. Parnell | BRM P261 / BRM V8 2.1 | 56 |  | **4** |
| 4 | 41 | Jim Palmer | Jim Palmer Racing | Brabham BT22 / Coventry Climax FPF 2.5 | 54 |  | **3** |
| 5 | 14 | Graeme Lawrence | Graeme Lawrence | Brabham BT18 / Ford 1.5 | 52 |  | **2** |
| 6 | 19 | Dene Hollier | Dene Hollier | Lotus 27 / Ford 1.5 | 50 |  | **1** |
| 7 | 60 | Jim Boyd | Syd Jensen | Brabham BT4 / Coventry Climax FPF 2.5 | 50 |  |  |
| 8 | 24 | Bill Stone | Roly Levis | Brabham BT6 / Ford 1.5 | 50 |  |  |
| 9 | 12 | Roly Levis | Roly Levis | Brabham BT18 / Ford 1.5 | 49 |  |  |
| 10 | 15 | Ken Sager | J.H. Sager | Brabham BT16 / Ford 1.5 | 49 |  |  |
| 11 | 20 | Laurence Brownlie | Laurence Brownlie | Brabham BT6 / Ford 1.5 | 45 |  |  |
| 12 | 36 | John Weston | John Weston | Brabham BT6 / Ford 1.5 |  |  |  |
| 13 | 29 | Don McDonald | Don McDonald | Brabham BT10 / Ford 1.5 |  |  |  |
| ?? | 11 | Ken Smith | Ken Smith | Lotus 22 / Ford 1.5 |  |  |  |
| ?? | 16 | Grahame Harvey | Grahame Harvey | Brabham BT6 / Ford 1.5 |  |  |  |
| ?? | 30 | Pat McLoughlin | Pat McLoughlin | Cooper T53 / Coventry Climax FPF 2.5 |  |  |  |
| Ret | 3 | Denny Hulme | Rorstan Motor Racing | Brabham BT7A / Coventry Climax FPF 2.5 | 50 | Stub axle |  |
| Ret | 8 | Kevin Bartlett | Alec Mildren Racing | Brabham BT11A / Coventry Climax FPF 2.5 | 28 |  |  |
| Ret | 18 | Dennis Marwood | Ecurie Rothmans | Cooper T66 / Coventry Climax FPF 2.5 | 24 |  |  |
| Ret | 4 | Jack Brabham | Brabham Racing Org. | Brabham BT19 / Repco V8 2.5 | 5 |  |  |
| DNS | 5 | Red Dawson | Red Dawson | Brabham BT7A / Coventry Climax FPF 2.5 |  |  |  |
| DNS | 7 | Frank Gardner | Alec Mildren Racing | Brabham BT23B / Coventry Climax FPF 2.5 |  |  |  |
| DNS | 27 | Kerry Grant | Kerry Grant | Brabham BT11 / Coventry Climax FPF 2.5 |  |  |  |
| DNS |  | Bill Thomasen | Red Dawson | Brabham BT4 / Coventry Climax FPF 2.5 |  |  |  |
|

## InfoBox

| 1967 New Zealand Grand Prix | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Race 1 of 6 in 1967 Tasman Series | | | |
|  | | | |
| Race details | | | |
| Date | 7 January 1967 | | |
| Location | Pukekohe Park Raceway, Pukekohe, New Zealand | | |
| Course | Permanent racing facility | | |
| Course length | 2.82 km (1.76 miles) | | |
| Distance | 57 laps, 161 km (100 miles) | | |
| Weather | Sunny | | |
| Pole position | | | |
| Driver |  | Lotus-Climax |
| Time | *Determined by heats* | | |
| Fastest lap | | | |
| Driver | Jim Clark | Lotus-Climax |
| Time | 1'00.5 | | |
| Podium | | | |
| First |  | BRM |
| Second |  | Lotus-Climax |
| Third |  | BRM |


title: Alonzo T. Prentice House

abstract: The Alonzo T. Prentice House is a single-family home located at 839 West Lovell Street in Kalamazoo, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

text:
# Alonzo T. Prentice House

The **Alonzo T. Prentice House** is a single-family home located at 839 West Lovell Street in Kalamazoo, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

## History

Alonzo Prentice was born in Lockport, New York in 1828. He was a jeweler by trade, and married Miss Harriet Heats in New York. He moved to Kalamazoo from New York just after the middle of the 19th century. He later worked for the Michigan Central Railroad as an ocean steamship line ticket agent. Prentice had this house built in 1884 for his family. Prentice and his wife lived here until their deaths; hers in 1902 and his in 1907. In the later part of the 20th century, the house was converted into apartments.

## Description

The Prentice House is a two-story Late Victorian frame house built in an L plan. It has steep gable roofs with classical cornices. The house is particularly notable for its pleasing overall design and elaborate porch detailing. The porch which includes chamfer-edged posts, curvilinear brackets, and lattice-work aprons in a quatrefoil pattern.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Alonzo T. Prentice House | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 839 W. Lovell St., Kalamazoo, Michigan |
| Coordinates | 42°17′19″N 85°35′42″W / 42.28861°N 85.59500°W / 42.28861; -85.59500 (Alonzo T. Prentice House) |
| Area | less than one acre |
| Built | 1884 (1884) |
| Architectural style | Late Victorian |
| MPS | Kalamazoo MRA |
| NRHP reference No. | 83000868 |
| Added to NRHP | May 27, 1983 |


title: Archive Global

abstract: Archive Global is an international non-profit organization that focuses on the link between health and housing. 'ARCHIVE,' stylised as an acronym, stands for Architecture for Health In Vulnerable Environments. Archive Global was founded by Utne Reader visionary Peter Williams in 2006. Initially started in the United States, the organization welcomed Archive UK, its first affiliate based in the United Kingdom in 2009. Archive currently has ongoing projects in Bangladesh, Cameroon, Haiti, and the UK. Projects implement design solutions in housing to combat diseases such as HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, Malaria, respiratory diseases, diarrheal diseases, and neglected tropical diseases. Archive Global is the winner of the 2013 Katerva Award for Urban Design, and was also named by Forbes magazine as one of the World's Best Sustainability ideas.

text:
# Archive Global

**Archive Global (stylised ARCHIVE)** is an international non-profit organization that focuses on the link between health and housing. 'ARCHIVE,' stylised as an acronym, stands for Architecture for Health In Vulnerable Environments. Archive Global was founded by *Utne Reader* visionary Peter Williams in 2006. Initially started in the United States, the organization welcomed Archive UK, its first affiliate based in the United Kingdom in 2009. Archive currently has ongoing projects in Bangladesh, Cameroon, Haiti, and the UK. Projects implement design solutions in housing to combat diseases such as HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, Malaria, respiratory diseases, diarrheal diseases, and neglected tropical diseases. Archive Global is the winner of the 2013 Katerva Award for Urban Design, and was also named by *Forbes* magazine as one of the World's Best Sustainability ideas.

## Mission and approach

Archive Global focuses on combating diseases among the most vulnerable communities around the world through better housing design. On a preventative level, the organization advocates renovating inadequate housing for the economically disadvantaged in a bid to reduce their vulnerability to disease and ill health. It advocates a treatment-based approach by the creation of home-based care facilities for those already suffering from ill health thus making housing central to the delivery of suitable care. "Clean, warm housing is an essential input for prevention and care of diseases of poverty like HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, Diarrhea, and Malaria."

Archive's approach utilizes research, construction, and training to create a sustainable model for implementing an integrated, systems approach to housing and health. It is meant to target the health challenges faced by individual households and provides them with the skills to sustain these changes in the future. Archive's building initiatives are intended to promote sustainability and involvement among communities and community members. Meetings are held with the communities to discuss the health challenges faced as well as the ways that design improvements target specific goals. Individuals are trained to evaluate the conditions of their home, as well as utilize local materials and techniques to build healthier homes. In doing so, housing and health are improved, whilst a burden is lifted off public health services.

Through this model, Archive works to ensure greater productivity within households, along with skills creation, greater employment opportunities and income. Moreover, the cost of projects is offset by using community 'sweat equity' and existing local finance facilities.

Currently Archive Global is the only organization working globally to prioritize a combined health and housing approach to improve lives while encouraging communities to invest in identifying and creating solutions.

## History

Archive Global was founded by Peter Williams. Archive was developed from a three-year independent research project at Columbia University where Williams trained as an architect. His research reinforced the basic link between housing and health outcomes in South African communities. In 2005, Williams created a blog to encourage debate around public health policy, planning, epidemics, and architecture. This led to the formation of Archive Global in New York, which in 2006 was followed by the genesis of Archive UK.

## Current projects

### UK

In 2010 Archive UK launched the Happy, Healthy Households Partnership with NHS Brent, the Brent Council, the Brent Refugee and Migrant Forum and various community organizations. The purpose of the partnership is to raise awareness of the link between Tuberculosis and housing. The focus is on the London Borough of Brent, as it has the highest rate of TB of any London Borough, after Newham, with 101.12 new cases per 100,000 of population. The majority of those cases occur among minority communities.

Archive UK has continued community based awareness raising workshops and events beyond the Happy, Healthy Households project and has plans to extend into Newham in the near future.

### Haiti

In Haiti, Archive Global works in partnership with Housing Works and Foundation Esther Boucicault Stanislas (FEBS). FEBS is a community organization based in Saint-Marc that provides access to medicine and works to improve the quality of life for people living with HIV/AIDS.

In 2010, six months after the 2010 Haiti earthquake Archive Global launched Kay e Sante nan Ayiti (Creole for Housing and Health in Haiti), a project to raise awareness of how housing can form part of a strategy to reduce the transmission of airborne diseases such as TB. As an integral part of the project, a global design competition called on architects, engineers, health specialists and the general public to pool their knowledge and submit housing designs which would mitigate disease transmission while remaining sympathetic to the local environment. An interdisciplinary panel of judges and the local community chose five winning designs for construction in an integrated community development and healthcare pilot project in the coastal port town of Saint-Marc, in western Haiti, an hour's drive (100 kilometres (62 mi)) from the capital, Port-au-Prince.

Construction began in 2011 on the prototype houses. The winning design, 'Breathe House' was constructed in 2012 by local community members, Archive Global and volunteers from the 'reCOVER 'initiative of the University of Virginia and BGF (Building Goodness Foundation).

### Cameroon

In 2011, Archive Global began work in Yaoundé on a project to reduce the prevalence of malaria in informal settlements. On World Malaria Day in March 2012 an international design competition was launched to find architectural solutions to protect against malaria. Winning designs were announced in October 2012. These designs use screened doors, windows and eaves, and adequate ventilation, sewage and drainage solutions to directly halt vector mosquitoes and reduce the incidence of malaria.

Through partnerships with local organizations, Archive creates awareness regarding the important role of housing in the effective elimination of malaria in Cameroon and to involve both global and local actors in all stages of the project. The main objectives of the project include training people in home improvements for disease prevention, improving living conditions for households, improving awareness of malaria prevention, reducing malaria incidences, and developing best practice guidelines for malaria control through housing design. Final evaluation of the project will be conducted by early 2016.

### Bangladesh

In 2013, Archive drafted the plans for *Health From the Ground Up*, a project targeted towards reducing infant and child mortality in the Bangladeshi capital of Dhaka. Deprivations in living standards (such as flooring and sanitation) contribute to nearly half of all multi-dimensional poverty experienced in Bangladesh. To overcome the burden of unhygienic and unsanitary housing conditions among those most vulnerable to infectious diseases, Archive collaborated with ADESH (Association for Development of Economic and Social Help) to establish a pilot-flooring project in 2014. The "Health From the Ground Up" initiative served to replace dirt/mud floors with concrete flooring in Bangladeshi homes and, through this intervention, target a major transmission pathway for gastrointestinal and parasitic pathogens.

The project also sought to raise awareness on other basic environmental and housing interventions that can have positive impacts on health to enhance knowledge and provide participants with skills so that they may better spread these ideas throughout the community.

## Future projects

Archive is in the process of expanding projects to other regions of the world. Currently under way are projects addressing sanitation needs in slum dwellings in Brazil, as well as using preventative housing and design measures to decrease the transmission of Chagas disease in Bolivia. Archive also seeks to expand projects domestically, hoping to address inadequate housing for disadvantaged communities in the United States.

## Recognition

Archive Global was named by UBS as Charity of the Year in 2012. In 2013, Archive was the winner of the Katerva Award in Urban Design. Various news outlets have recognized Archive's work, such as The Guardian, *Forbes* magazine, ArchDaily, BBC, and NPR among others.

## InfoBox

Archive Global
|
|  |
| Founded | 2006 |
| Founder | Peter Williams |
| Focus | Health, housing, architecture, design and disease |
| Area served | United Kingdom, Bangladesh, Cameroon, and Haiti |
| Website | archiveglobal.org |