title: 1972 in baseball

text:
# 1972 in baseball

The following are the baseball events of the year 1972 throughout the world.

## Labor strife and more moving

1972 was tainted by a players' strike over pension and salary arbitration. The strike erased the first week and a half of the season, and the Leagues decided to just excise the lost portion of the season with no makeups. As a result, an uneven number of games were cancelled for each team; some as few as six, some as many as nine. The lack of makeups of those games, even when they affected playoffs, led to the Boston Red Sox losing the American League East by half a game to the Detroit Tigers.

1972 marked the first year for the Texas Rangers, who had moved to Arlington from Washington, D.C. (where they played as the Washington Senators), after the 1971 season. There would be no baseball in D.C. until 2005. The team was one of the worst ever fielded by the franchise, losing 100 games for the first time since 1964. Manager Ted Williams hated living in the Dallas-Fort Worth area, and resigned at the end of the season.

1972 would mark the Kansas City Royals' final year at Kansas City Municipal Stadium, as the next year they would move to Royals Stadium (later named Kauffman Stadium) at the Truman Sports Complex in suburban Kansas City.

The World Series was won by the Oakland Athletics, the first of three straight behind the bats of Reggie Jackson and Bert Campaneris, and the pitching cadre of Catfish Hunter, Rollie Fingers and Vida Blue. The year ended on a sad note when Roberto Clemente died in an airplane crash off the coast of San Juan, Puerto Rico, on New Year's Eve, while participating in aid efforts after the 1972 Nicaragua earthquake.

## Champions

### Major League Baseball

|  | League Championship Series
(ALCS, NLCS) | | |  |  | World Series | | |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | East | Detroit | 2 |  |  | | | | |
|  | | | | | |
|  | West | **Oakland** | **3** |  | |
|  | | | | |  | AL | **Oakland** | **4** |  |
|  | | | | | |  | | |  |
|  | |  |  | NL | Cincinnati | 3 |  |
|  | East | | | | | | Pittsburgh | 2 |  |
|  | | | | |  | | | | |
|  | | West | **Cincinnati** | **3** |  |

### Other champions

**Winter Leagues**

## Awards and honors

## Statistical leaders

|  | American League | | National League | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Type | Name | Stat | Name | Stat |
|
| AVG | Rod Carew MIN | .318 | Billy Williams CHC | .333 |
| HR | Dick Allen CHW | 37 | Johnny Bench CIN | 40 |
| RBI | Dick Allen CHW | 113 | Johnny Bench CIN | 125 |
| Wins | Wilbur Wood CHW
Gaylord Perry CLE | 24 | Steve Carlton PHI | 27 |
| ERA | Luis Tiant BOS | 1.91 | Steve Carlton PHI | 1.97 |
| SO | Nolan Ryan CAL | 329 | Steve Carlton PHI | 310 |
| SV | Sparky Lyle NYY | 35 | Clay Carroll CIN | 37 |
| SB | Bert Campaneris OAK | 52 | Lou Brock STL | 63 |

## Major league baseball final standings

## Events

### January

### February

### March

### April

### May

### June

### July

### August

### September

### October

### November

### December

* December 10 – The American League votes unanimously to adopt the designated hitter rule on a three-year experimental basis. The DH will replace the pitcher in the lineup unless otherwise noted before the start of the game. In the December 1975 meeting, the AL will vote to permanently adopt the DH. The National League declines to follow suit.
* December 31 – Pittsburgh Pirates superstar right fielder Roberto Clemente, 38, and four other humanitarian workers die in a plane crash off the coast of Puerto Rico en route to delivering relief supplies to earthquake victims in Nicaragua. (See *Deaths* entry for this date below.)

## Births

### January

### February

### March

### April

### May

### June

### July

### August

### September

### October

### November

### December

## Deaths

### January

* January 2 – Glenn Crawford, 58, outfielder for the St. Louis Cardinals and Philadelphia Phillies in the 1940s.
* January 15 – William Benswanger, 79, executive; son-in-law of Barney Dreyfuss who served as president and chief executive of the Pittsburgh Pirates from 1932 until the Dreyfuss family sold the team in August 1946.
* January 19 – Joe Goodrich, 78, third baseman who played for the Washington Potomacs of the Eastern Colored League in 1923 and 1924.
* January 21 – Dick Loftus, 70, outfielder for the Brooklyn Robins from 1924 to 1925, playing in 97 total games.
* January 23 – Fred Nicholson, 77, outfielder/pinch hitter who batted .311 over 303 career games for the 1917 Detroit Tigers, 1919–1920 Pittsburgh Pirates and 1921–1922 Boston Braves.

### February

* February 2 – Dick Burrus, 74, first baseman and .291 lifetime hitter who played in 560 games for the 1919–1920 Philadelphia Athletics and 1925–1928 Boston Braves; made 200 hits in 1925.
* February 4 – Joe Green, 74, pinch hitter who had a single professional at bat for the Philadelphia Athletics, on July 2, 1924.
* February 6 – Frankie Zak, 49, shortstop and second baseman who played only 123 MLB games for wartime Pittsburgh Pirates (1944–1946), yet was selected to 1944 National League All-Star team.
* February 9 – Chico Ruiz, 33, Cuban-born infielder who played in 565 games between 1964 and 1971 for the Cincinnati Reds and California Angels; on Kansas City Royals' winter roster at the time of his death.
* February 12 – Jim Sullivan, 77, pitcher who hurled in 25 games for the Philadelphia Athletics (1921–1922) and Cleveland Indians (1923).
* February 15 – Pep Goodwin, 80, infielder for the 1914–1915 Kansas City Packers of the "outlaw" Federal League; served as president of the Pacific Coast League in 1955.
* February 17 – Lew Malone, 74, infielder in 133 games for the Philadelphia Athletics (1915–1916) and Brooklyn Robins (1917, 1919).
* February 22 – Johnnie Oden, 69, third baseman who played from 1927 through 1932, chiefly with the Birmingham Black Barons of the Negro National League.
* February 28 – Dizzy Trout, 56, two-time All-Star pitcher for the Detroit Tigers (1939–1952) who led the AL in wins in 1943 and was MVP runner-up the following year; also pitched briefly for Boston Red Sox and Baltimore Orioles, and was a member of the Tigers' broadcasting team.

### March

* March 4 – Watty Clark, 69, left-handed hurler who won 111 games over a dozen seasons between 1924 and 1937 for three MLB clubs, most notably Brooklyn; led National League pitchers in games lost (19) in 1929 but went 20–12 (3.49) for a first-division 1932 Brooklyn club.
* March 6 – Stan Jok, 45, third baseman and pinch hitter in 12 games for the 1954 Philadelphia Phillies and 1954–1955 Chicago White Sox.
* March 10 – George Cunningham, 77, pitcher/outfielder who appeared in 162 career games, 123 of them on the mound, for the 1916–1919 Detroit Tigers.
* March 11 – Zack Wheat, 83, Hall of Fame left fielder who played 18 National League seasons (1909–1926) for Brooklyn; held the franchise's career records for games (2,322), hits (2,804), doubles (464) and triples (171); a lifetime .317 hitter who retired with the tenth-most hits in history; member of 1916 and 1920 NL champion Robins.
* March 12 – Dutch Levsen, 73, pitcher whose mediocre six-season career with 1923–1928 Cleveland Indians included one standout campaign: 1926, when he went 16–13 with 18 complete games.
* March 16 – Pie Traynor, 72, Hall of Fame third baseman for the Pittsburgh Pirates (1920–1935, 1937) who batted .320 lifetime and established a record for career games at third base; was named the best ever at his position in 1969; managed Pirates from June 19, 1934 through 1939.
* March 18 – Frank Bushey, 65, Boston Red Sox pitcher who worked in 12 career games during the 1927 and 1930 seasons.
* March 19 – Gordie Hinkle, 66, catcher who appeared in 27 games for the 1934 Red Sox; bullpen coach for the 1939 Detroit Tigers.
* March 24 – Dick Coffman, 65, pitcher who toiled in 472 games over 15 seasons between 1927 and 1945 for the Washington Senators, St. Louis Browns, New York Giants, Boston Bees and Philadelphia Phillies; with Giants, he became a relief pitcher who led the National League in games pitched (51) and saves (12) in 1938.
* March 28 – Donie Bush, 84, shortstop of the Detroit Tigers for 14 seasons who led the American League in walks five times and was a superlative bunter; later managed Pittsburgh to the 1927 National League pennant; also skippered three other MLB clubs between 1923 and 1933, and became prominent as a minor league manager and executive.
* March 28 – Cy Moore, 67, pitcher who worked in 147 National League games between 1929 and 1934 for Brooklyn and Philadelphia.
* March 30 – Davy Jones, 91, outfielder for five clubs between 1901 and 1918, most notably the Detroit Tigers (1906–1912, 1918), where who organized a 1912 walkout to protest Ty Cobb's suspension for attacking a heckler.

### April

* April 2 – Gil Hodges, 47, Baseball Hall of Fame, eight-time All-Star and three-time Gold Glove first baseman for the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers (1943 and 1947–1961); member of 1955 and 1959 world champions; drove in more runs than any other player during the 1950s; finished playing career with expansion New York Mets (1962–1963) and served as third full-time manager in the team's annals from 1968 until his death, leading the "Miracle Mets" to the 1969 World Series title; Mets retired uniform #14 to honor him after his passing; also managed the Washington Senators from May 23, 1963 through 1967.
* April 3 – Alvin Crowder, 73, pitcher who had three 20-win seasons with the Senators, winning 26 and 24 games (in 1932–1933) and St. Louis Browns; led American League hurlers in winning percentage in 1928; known for his mastery against the Yankees.
* April 7 – Larry Brown, 70, standout Negro leagues catcher, seven-time All-Star, and member of 1927 champion Chicago American Giants; played for five teams over 22 years between 1923 and 1947 and served as player-manager of the American Giants (1935) and Memphis Red Sox (1942–1943, 1945, 1947–1948).
* April 8 – Gus Fisher, 86, left-handed-hitting catcher who appeared in 74 games for the 1911 Cleveland Naps and 1912 New York Highlanders of the American League.
* April 9 – Roy Leslie, 77, first baseman in 160 career games during one-year stints for the 1917 Chicago Cubs, 1919 St. Louis Cardinals and 1922 Philadelphia Phillies.
* April 16 – Lou Perini, 68, construction magnate and club owner (1944–1962) who moved the struggling Braves from his home city of Boston to Milwaukee in March 1953, finding instant success on the field and at the turnstiles and kicking off a two-decade spasm of franchise relocations and expansion in MLB; his Boston/Milwaukee Braves won three NL pennants and the 1957 World Series.
* April 22 – Frank Drews, 55, second baseman who appeared in 95 total games for the wartime, 1944–1945 Boston Braves.

### May

* May 2 – Jack Smith, 76, outfielder who played all or part of 15 National League seasons (1915–1929) for the St. Louis Cardinals and Boston Braves, getting into 1,406 games.
* May 4 – Vic Sorrell, 71, pitcher who spent his entire 280-game career with the Detroit Tigers between 1928 and 1937; member of Tigers' 1935 World Series champs and 1934 AL pennant-winners.
* May 11 – Lynn King, 64, back-up outfielder who played in 175 games for the St. Louis Cardinals in 1935, 1936 and 1938.
* May 11 – Danny Schell, 44, outfielder/pinch hitter who appeared in 94 games for the 1954–1955 Philadelphia Phillies.
* May 11 – Suds Sutherland, 78, pitcher, pinch hitter and outfielder in 17 games for 1921 Detroit Tigers; in 13 mound appearances, he posted a 6–2 won–lost record.
* May 15 – John Milligan, 68, pitcher who played from 1928 through 1934 for the Philadelphia Phillies and Washington Senators.
* May 15 – Dixie Parker, 72, catcher and pinch hitter in four games for the 1923 Phillies.
* May 18 – Babe Barna, 57, outfielder who appeared in 207 career games for the Philadelphia Athletics, New York Giants and Boston Red Sox between 1937 and 1943.
* May 19 – Felix McLaurin, 50, outfielder who played in the Negro leagues from 1942 to 1946, chiefly for the Birmingham Black Barons and New York Black Yankees.
* May 20 – Wally Dashiell, 70, shortstop who played one big-league game, on April 20, 1924, for the Chicago White Sox.
* May 20 – Hoge Workman, 72, pitcher for the 1924 Boston Red Sox, who also played and coached for Cleveland teams of the National Football League.
* May 22 – Dick Fowler, 51, Canadian pitcher who won 66 games with the Philadelphia Athletics over ten seasons between 1941 and 1952, including a no-hitter on September 9, 1945, at Shibe Park against the St. Louis Browns.
* May 24 – Bill Moore, 68, catcher for the 1927 Boston Red Sox.
* May 25 – Charlie Henry, 72, pitcher in the Negro leagues between 1924 and 1929.
* May 28 – Al Gerheauser, 54, left-handed pitcher who worked in 149 career games for 1943–1944 Philadelphia Phillies, 1945–1946 Pittsburgh Pirates and 1948 St. Louis Browns.
* May 28 – Bob Hasty, 76, Philadelphia Athletics pitcher who appeared in 146 games in an MLB career that began on September 11, 1919 and ended on September 26, 1924.
* May 29 – Moe Berg, 70, catcher who served as a spy for the U.S. government during and after his playing career; played in 663 games for five MLB teams between 1923 and 1939, batting .243 lifetime.

### June

* June 7 – Topper Rigney, 75, shortstop for the Detroit Tigers, Boston Red Sox and Washington Senators who appeared in 694 games and twice batted over .300.
* June 9 – Del Bissonette, 72, first baseman who twice batted .300 for the Brooklyn Robins and hit .305 lifetime in 604 games (1928–1931 and 1933); managed 1945 Boston Braves from July 31 through the end of the season.
* June 12 – Lefty Phillips, 53, manager of the California Angels from May 27, 1969, through 1971; previously pitching coach for the Los Angeles Dodgers (1965 to 1968) and a longtime scout.
* June 24 – Crush Holloway, 75, outfielder and aggressive, hard-sliding baserunner who played in the Negro leagues between 1921 and 1939, notably for the Baltimore Black Sox and Atlanta Black Crackers.
* June 23 – Tom Long, 82, outfielder for the 1911–1912 Washington Senators and 1915–1917 St. Louis Cardinals; led National league in triples with 25 in 1915.
* June 26 – Mike Kircher, 74, pitcher who made 14 appearances for the Philadelphia Athletics and St. Louis Cardinals from 1919 to 1921.

### July

* July 2 – Rankin Johnson Sr., 84, pitcher in 72 total contests for the Boston Red Sox (1914), Chicago and Baltimore of the Federal League (1914 and 1915), and St. Louis Cardinals (1918); his son was an MLB pitcher and minor-league executive.
* July 3 – Leroy Herrmann, 66, pitcher who worked in 45 games for the Chicago Cubs (1932–1933 and 1935).
* July 11 – Johnnie Tyler, 65, outfielder in 16 career games for the 1934–1935 Boston Braves.
* July 17 – Al Spohrer, 68, catcher who played in 756 National League games—two for the 1928 New York Giants and 754 for the 1928–1935 Boston Braves.
* July 20 – José María Fernández, 76, Cuban catcher whose Negro leagues playing career, including barnstorming tours and independent circuits, extended for 29 seasons between 1916 and 1947; managed New York Cubans of the Negro National League from 1939 to 1948, including 1947 Negro World Series champions.
* July 21 – Harry McCurdy, 72, lefty-swinging backup catcher who appeared in 543 over ten seasons between 1922 and 1934 for four MLB clubs, batting .282 lifetime.
* July 31 – Rollie Hemsley, 65, catcher who played in 1,593 games for seven MLB teams between 1928 and 1947; five-time American League All-Star; later a coach and minor league manager.

### August

* August 5 – Red McKee, 82, left-handed-hitting catcher who played in 189 games for the 1913–1916 Detroit Tigers.
* August 7 – Red Anderson, 60, pitcher who appeared in 36 games over three seasons for the Washington Senators (1937 and 1940–1941).
* August 13 – Herman Besse, 60, southpaw twirler who went 5–15 with an ERA of 6.79 in 65 games for the Philadelphia Athletics (1940–1943, 1946).
* August 13 – George Weiss, 78, executive and cornerstone of the New York Yankees dynasty as farm director (1932–1947), then general manager (1947–1960), with the team winning 15 World Series titles over Weiss' 29 years; first team president of expansion New York Mets (1961–1966); named to Baseball Hall of Fame by Veterans Committee in 1971.
* August 14 – Bricktop Wright, 63, outfielder/first baseman who played in 22 games for 1943 New York Black Yankees of the Negro National League; played professional basketball in the 1930s and 1940s.
* August 15 – Jeff Pfeffer, 84, pitcher and 13-year (1911 and 1913–1924) MLB veteran who worked in 347 games for four teams, principally Brooklyn and St. Louis of the National League, won 158 games, and posted a 2.77 career ERA.
* August 16 – Fred Bailey, 77, outfielder and pinch hitter for the 1916–1918 Boston Braves who played in 60 career games.
* August 21 – Eddie Kenna, 74, catcher who appeared in 41 games for the 1928 Washington Senators.
* August 24 – J. Roy Stockton, 79, St. Louis sportswriter from the 1910s to the 1950s, also a sportscaster and author of books on baseball.
* August 25 – Italo Chelini, 57, left-handed pitcher who made 24 appearances for the 1935–1937 Chicago White Sox.
* August 25 – Jack Crouch, 68, aptly named catcher who appeared in 43 big-league games for the St. Louis Browns and Cincinnati Reds between 1930 and 1933.
* August 26 – "Deacon Danny" MacFayden, 67, pitcher who worked in 465 games over 17 MLB seasons for the Boston Red Sox (1926–1932), New York Yankees (1932–1934), Boston Braves/Bees (1935–1939 and 1943), Pittsburgh Pirates (1940) and Washington Senators (1941); member of 1932 World Series champions.
* August 27 – John Barnes, 69, lefty-swinging catcher who played for nine Negro National League teams (in 226 games) between 1922 and 1931.
* August 29 – Clem Hausmann, 53, pitcher for the Boston Red Sox and Philadelphia Athletics between 1944 and 1949.
* August 30 – Hank Miller, 55, two-time Negro National League All-Star who pitched in 89 games, 88 of them for the Philadelphia Stars, between 1938 and 1948.
* August 31 – Ivey Shiver, 65, outfielder who played in 21 MLB games as a member of the 1931 Detroit Tigers and 1934 Cincinnati Reds.

### September

* September 2 – Jim Brillheart, 68, who pitched in 68 MLB games for the Washington Senators, Chicago Cubs and Boston Red Sox over four seasons between 1922 and 1931; longtime minor-league hurler who played in 29 pro seasons through 1951, and one of the few pitchers in baseball history to appear in over 1,000 career games.
* September 3 – Tom Fisher, 91, pitcher who dropped 16 of 22 decisions for the 1904 Boston Beaneaters of the National League.
* September 4 – Bob Bowman, 61, pitcher who compiled a 26–17 record and 3.82 ERA in 109 appearances with St. Louis Cardinals (1939–1940), New York Giants (1941) and Chicago Cubs (1942); gained notoriety by beaning newly acquired Joe Medwick of Brooklyn on June 18, 1940, sparking a bench-clearing brawl.
* September 6 – Charlie Berry, 69, American League catcher who played in 709 games over 11 seasons between 1925 and 1938; later an AL umpire from 1942 to 1962 who worked in five World Series and five All-Star Games; also played in the NFL and officiated numerous NFL championship games.
* September 9 – Will Jackman, 76, pitcher who at age 39 led the 1935 Negro National League in games pitched, complete games, and games lost.
* September 16 – Eddie Waitkus, 53, first baseman in 1,140 MLB games (1941, 1946–1955) for the Chicago Cubs, Philadelphia Phillies and Baltimore Orioles who was shot in 1949 by a teenaged female admirer who lured him to her hotel room; after his recovery, a key member of Phils' 1950 "Whiz Kids" pennant-winner; twice named to NL All-Star team.
* September 19 – Les Bartholomew, 69, left-handed pitcher in nine career games for 1928 Pittsburgh Pirates and 1932 Chicago White Sox.
* September 25 – Jerry Lynn, 56, second baseman for the 1937 Washington Senators; went two-for-three (.667) in his only big-league game.
* September 26 – Jesse Baker, 84, left-hander who worked in 22 games for the 1911 Chicago White Sox.

### October

* October 9 – Dave Bancroft, nicknamed "Beauty", 81, Hall of Fame shortstop for four NL teams, known for his defensive skill and also batting over .300 five times; captain of the New York Giants' pennant winners from 1921–1923, and World Series champion (1921–1922).
* October 11 – Danny Taylor, 71, outfielder who appeared in 674 career games for three MLB clubs, notably Brooklyn, over nine seasons between 1926 and 1936.
* October 17 – Johnny Rawlings, 80, shortstop for the 1921 New York Giants World Series champions and later a manager in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League.
* October 19 – Butch Glass, 74, left-handed pitcher and occasional outfielder/first baseman who played for five Negro National League teams from 1923 to 1930.
* October 20 – Allen Russell, 72, pitcher in 345 games for the New York Yankees, Boston Red Sox and Washington Senators between 1915 and 1925 who led American League with nine saves in 1923; member of 1924 world champion Senators.
* October 22 – Elbert Williams, 65, pitcher who appeared in the Negro leagues between 1929 and 1935.
* October 24 – Jackie Robinson, 53, Hall of Fame second baseman for the Brooklyn Dodgers who broke Major League Baseball's color line in 1947 after beginning his professional career for the Kansas City Monarchs of the Negro American League; batted .311 in his ten-year National League career, leading the NL in batting average (.342) in 1949; also led his league in stolen bases in 1947 and 1949; 1947 Major League Rookie of the Year; 1949 NL Most Valuable Player; 1955 World Series champion; seven-time All-Star whose uniform #42 has been retired by every organized baseball team since 1997.
* October 25 – Stretch Miller, 62, St. Louis sportscaster who was a member of the Cardinals' radio team from 1950 to 1954.
* October 29 – Dutch Dietz, 60, pitcher in 106 games for Pittsburgh Pirates and Philadelphia Phillies between 1940 and 1943.

### November

* November 2 – Freddy Parent, 96, shortstop for the Boston Americans (1901–1907) and Chicago White Sox (1908–1911); last surviving participant of the inaugural 1903 World Series.
* November 3 – Phil Voyles, 72, outfielder who appeared in 20 games for the 1929 Boston Braves.
* November 6 – Agustín Bejerano, 63, Cuban outfielder in the Negro leagues who played during the 1928 and 1929 seasons.
* November 8 – Harry Child, 67, relief pitcher who worked in five games for the 1930 Washington Senators.
* November 18 – Matthew Carlisle, 62, second baseman and shortstop who played in 395 Negro leagues games, 365 of them for the Homestead Grays; member of the 1943 Negro World Series champions.
* November 26 – George Jackson, 90, outfielder who appeared in 152 games from 1911 to 1913 as a member of the Boston Rustlers/Braves of the National League.
* November 26 – Wendell Smith, 58, sportswriter for Pittsburgh and Chicago newspapers since 1937 who became the BBWAA's first black member and helped ease Jackie Robinson's entry into the major leagues; also a Chicago sportscaster since 1964.
* November 29 – Bernie Neis, 77, switch-hitting outfielder who played 677 career games for the Brooklyn Robins, Boston Braves, Cleveland Indians and Chicago White Sox between 1920 and 1927.

### December

* December 2 – Rip Conway, 76, second baseman who appeared in 14 contests for the 1918 Boston Braves.
* December 4 – John Henry Russell, 74, All-Star second baseman in the Negro leagues who played between 1924 and 1934, chiefly for the St. Louis Stars and Memphis Red Sox.
* December 12 – Frog Holsey, 66, Negro leagues pitcher between 1928 and 1932, principally for the Chicago American Giants.
* December 17 – Fred Bankhead, 60, second baseman who played in 243 games over 12 seasons (1937–1948) for three Negro leagues teams, chiefly the Memphis Red Sox; one of five baseball-playing brothers, including Dan Bankhead.
* December 20 – Gabby Hartnett, 72, Hall of Fame catcher for the Chicago Cubs (1922–1940) who virtually clinched the 1938 pennant with his "Homer in the Gloamin'"; established career records for games and home runs as a catcher and was the NL's 1935 MVP; player-manager of Cubs from July 21, 1938 through 1940.
* December 23 – Dutch Jordan, 92, second baseman for the 1903–1904 Brooklyn Superbas.
* December 28 – Eddie Leishman, 62, longtime minor-league executive who served as first general manager of expansion San Diego Padres of the National League from 1968 until his death.
* December 30 – Pee Wee Butts, 53, five-time All-Star shortstop who played in the Negro leagues from 1938 to 1942 and 1944–1948, primarily for the Baltimore Elite Giants.
* December 31 – Roberto Clemente, 38, Pittsburgh Pirates' right fielder since 1955 and a national hero of Puerto Rico; a lifetime .317 hitter, 12-time All-Star and winner of 12 Gold Gloves who was a four-time batting champion and the NL's 1966 MVP; collected his 3,000th regular-season hit September 30; two-time (1960, 1971) World Series champion and 1971 World Series MVP; elected to Baseball Hall of Fame within weeks of his death, the first Latin American player so honored, and the Pirates retired his uniform #21.


title: Ann Shelton (photographer)

abstract: Ann Shelton is a New Zealand photographer and academic.

text:
# Ann Shelton (photographer)

**Ann Shelton** (born 1967) is a New Zealand photographer and academic.

## Early life and education

Shelton was born in Timaru. She completed a Bachelor of Fine Arts at Elam School of Fine Arts, University of Auckland in 1995 and a Master of Fine Arts at the University of British Columbia in 2002.

## Career

Shelton began her career as a photojournalist working for daily newspapers, before deciding she wanted more control over her images and deciding to go to art school. As an artist, her work mixes conceptual and narrative traditions of photography. In large-scale, hyper-real photographs she explores histories of people and of places, often bringing forgotten or controversial histories to light. Shelton has also shown a steady interest in the nature of the archive, exploring the collections of others in her work.

Shelton first came to attention with the series *Redeye*. Selected from thousands of photographs taken over a period of two years, the work documents Auckland's art scene and its gallery openings, performances and underground events, especially those taking place around the artist-run space Teststrip. Shelton has acknowledged Abigail Soloman-Godeau's essay 'Inside/Out' as an influence on the *Redeye* works. Described by the artist as a 'social diary', the series was described by Auckland Art Gallery photography curator Ron Brownson as 'some of the most inventive and risk taking in recent art in New Zealand,'.

Her 2000 series *Abigail's Party* consists of seven photographs which initially look like documentary shots of modernist homes' living rooms. However each image was staged in Shelton's own home. Discussing the works, Ingrid Neilson wrote:

> Shelton hints at the difference between her images and the ‘real thing’, through her use of colour. While documentary photographs of modernist design are usually black and white, Shelton’s works are full, vibrant colour. Through reconstructing modernism, Shelton also has the opportunity to rewrite its history, and she does so with a feminist twist. Her use of luscious, juicy colours, tactile fabric, domestic settings, and titles such as *Calendar Girl*, *Golden Girl* or *Show Girl*, feminise and sexualise these modernist spaces.

One of Shelton's best-known works is the multi-part *A library to scale*. The artist took as her subject over 3,500 volumes of media clippings and handwritten transcriptions pasted into notebooks and hardback books by amateur historian Frederick B. Butler over a period of 60 years. She discovered the volumes at Puke Ariki museum while undertaking a residency at the nearby Govett-Brewster Art Gallery. Fascinated by Butler's enormous project and the richly visual sight of the shelves and shelves of collaged notebooks stored at the museum, Shelton went on to make several works relating to the archive: large-format photographs that reproduce the shelves; videos which show the pages of individual books being turned; and photographs of individual pages from Butler's own diaries. The works have been shown in solo presentations and also as part of group exhibitions examining the nature of the archives, such as *Collect/Project* at the Adam Art Gallery and *Unpacking my library* at Te Tuhi.

Shelton has frequently employed techniques of doubling, reversing and inverting photographs. She refers to this approach as 'visual stammering', and uses it to draw attention to the subjectivity of photography. *Doublet (after* Heavenly Creatures*), Parker/Hulme crime scene, Port Hills, Christchurch, New Zealand* (from 2001) from her *Public Spaces* series (2001–2003) for example is a diptych made up of a single image of a curve of a forest path, one moving to the left and one to the right. The seemingly banal image draws its power from the site it documents, the location of the murder of Honorah Parker, later dramatised in Peter Jackson's film *Heavenly Creatures*. In another work, *Wintering, after a Van der Velden study, Otira Gorge* from 2008, Shelton works from a preparatory sketch by Dutch-born artist Petrus van der Velden held in the collection of the Hocken Library at the University of Otago, choosing the rough drawing over the artist's dramatic oil paintings of the same topic.

A recent series, *jane says*, created for her 2016 exhibition at Auckland Art Gallery *Dark Matter*, features plants traditionally associated with treatments for women's fertility placed in ikebana-like arrangements against vibrant coloured backgrounds. The artist spent a year researching, collecting, arranging and photographing the plants, which include thistle, fennel, rhododendron and yarrow. She says:

> Ikebana, as I understand it, is the concept that nature is perfect, but there is just a little bit too much of it. It needs distilling and minimising and controlling. I was thinking about what would be an appropriate way to photograph these plants, something that would convey the control they are capable of asserting.

Between 2008 and 2018 Shelton served as a trustee of Enjoy Public Art Gallery, Wellington's longest running artist-run space. She co-chaired Enjoy's board from 2010 to 2012 and was its Chair from 2012 to 2018.

## Exhibitions

## Collections

## Publications

* Ron Brownson (ed), *Ann Shelton: Redye*, Auckland: Rim Books, 1997. ISBN 0473044129
* Greg Burke (ed), *A kind of sleep*, New Plymouth: Govett-Brewster Art Gallery, 2005
* Francis Pound, *A library to scale*, Auckland: Rim Books, 2006. ISBN 047311254X
* Jeremy Cooper, *Passion and Compassion*, Wellington: Enjoy Public Art Gallery 2007
* Martin Patrick, *Room Room*, Wellington and Whanganui: City Gallery Wellington and McNamara Gallery, 2008
* Natalie Poland, *Once more with feeling*, Dunedin: Hocken Library, 2008
* Hanna Scott, *Sightseeing*, Auckland: Rim Books, 2010. ISBN 9780473165604
* Ann Shelton and Stephen Turner, *Wastelands*, Auckland: Rim Books, 2010.
* Emma Bugden, *A tree obverse*, Lower Hutt: The Dowse Art Museum, 2012. ISBN 9780987668509
* Sarah McClintock (ed), *The city of gold and lead*, Whanganui: Sarjeant Art Gallery, 2013. ISBN 9780986456985
* Ann Shelton and Sarah Caylor, *Holland Street*, Wellington: Rim Books, 2013. ISBN 9780473257255
* Meredith Robertshawe, *Ann Shelton: doublethink*, New Plymouth: Govett-Brewster Art Gallery, 2013. ISBN 9780908848737
* Alice Tappenden (ed), *A Spoonful of Sugar*, Auckland: Rim Books, 2015. ISBN 9780994130600
* *Dark Matter,* Auckland: Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tamaki, 2016. ISBN 9780864633095

### Artist books

* Ann Shelton, *Metadata*, Auckland: Starkwhite, 2011

## InfoBox

| Ann Shelton | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | 1 August 1967 |
| Occupation | Photographer |
| Website | http://www.annshelton.com/ |


title: 1973 United States Grand Prix

abstract: The 1973 United States Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on October 7, 1973 at the Watkins Glen Grand Prix Race Course in Watkins Glen, New York. It was race 15 of 15 in both the 1973 World Championship of Drivers and the 1973 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers. The 59-lap race was won from pole position by Ronnie Peterson, driving a Lotus-Ford. Peterson held off James Hunt in the Hesketh-entered March-Ford to take his fourth victory of the season, with Carlos Reutemann third in a Brabham-Ford. The race was overshadowed by the death of François Cevert during qualifying, the day before, in what was to have been the 100th and final Grand Prix for Tyrrell team-mate and triple World Champion Jackie Stewart. The Tyrrell team withdrew from the event as a consequence, handing the Manufacturers' Cup to Lotus.

text:
# 1973 United States Grand Prix

The **1973 United States Grand Prix** was a Formula One motor race held on October 7, 1973 at the Watkins Glen Grand Prix Race Course in Watkins Glen, New York. It was race 15 of 15 in both the 1973 World Championship of Drivers and the 1973 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers.

The 59-lap race was won from pole position by Ronnie Peterson, driving a Lotus-Ford. Peterson held off James Hunt in the Hesketh-entered March-Ford to take his fourth victory of the season, with Carlos Reutemann third in a Brabham-Ford.

The race was overshadowed by the death of François Cevert during qualifying, the day before, in what was to have been the 100th and final Grand Prix for Tyrrell team-mate and triple World Champion Jackie Stewart. The Tyrrell team withdrew from the event as a consequence, handing the Manufacturers' Cup to Lotus.

## Summary

Ronnie Peterson ended his first year with Lotus by taking his fourth win of the season, as a thrilling two-man battle ended with Peterson beating James Hunt to the flag by the smallest winning margin in USGP history at that time. The Englishman finished less than a second behind in his Hesketh Racing entered March, but the normal celebrations were tempered by the death of François Cevert during qualifying and the premature end of the career of three-time World Champion Jackie Stewart.

### Death of François Cevert

Stewart had already clinched his third World Driver's Championship when the teams came to Watkins Glen, and he intended the final Grand Prix of 1973 to be his swan song. "I had decided in April that I would retire at the end of the season, win or lose," Stewart recalled. "Watkins Glen was going to be my last race in a Formula One car. François Cevert was going to be number one in the team for 1974, although he never knew it. Ken Tyrrell and I had kept it a secret that I was going to retire after that race. In fact, not even my wife, Helen, who was with me that weekend, knew."

With just a few minutes left in the Saturday morning qualifying session, however, the track suddenly fell quiet. Cevert had crashed violently in the uphill Esses heading onto the back of the circuit, between Turns Three and Four. Fighting the car as he went up the hill, Cevert ran too high on the kerbs and slid into the right-hand guardrail. The car then lashed sideways across the track and struck the Armco on the left side of the track at 150 mph at an almost 90-degree angle. The nose of the car submarined into the ground, causing the car to flip upwards on over the barrier, which ripped off the front of the car, which landed in the middle of the track while the rear of the car came to rest upside down on top of the Armco.

Jody Scheckter's McLaren was close behind, and he stopped and rushed over to help Cevert out of the car, but when the front of the car had been ripped off, Cevert had been exposed to making direct physical contact with the barrier and had died instantly. Ken Tyrrell had lost a great driver and Jackie Stewart an outstanding teammate at the circuit where Cevert had taken his only Grand Prix win. "It was a horrendous accident which took the life of a wonderfully charming, personable, handsome young man, who was a tremendous friend to both Helen and me," Stewart said.

When qualifying resumed, Peterson's time from the morning session stood up for his ninth pole of the year. The Tyrrells of Stewart and Chris Amon had earned the fifth and twelfth spots on the grid, but the team decided to withdraw in tribute to Cevert, and Stewart's driving career was over after 99 races and what was then a record 27 Grand Prix wins.

### Race

On Sunday, a huge crowd turned out on a cool, overcast day for the race. On the grid, in seventh spot, home favorite Peter Revson felt his car creeping forward as the flag was raised. Rather than hold it with the brakes, he took it out of gear just as the flag dropped. He waved his arms in the air and waited for the field to roar past, then set off in last place.

The front runners got away well, and at the end of the first lap, Peterson led Carlos Reutemann, Hunt, Emerson Fittipaldi, Mike Hailwood and Scheckter. On lap 4, Hunt passed Reutemann for second, and began his chase of Peterson's Lotus. To the surprise of everyone as the race progressed, Hunt was able to stay around one second behind Peterson. Occasionally the gap would widen slightly, but again and again, the extreme straightline speed of the Hesketh March would close it again.

Reutemann kept pace as well, two to three seconds behind Hunt, until he lost nine seconds attempting to lap Graham Hill. From then on, he ran a lonely race to a third-place finish.

Revson, meanwhile, was rocketing through the field from his last place start, and at the midway point, he had gone from twenty-third to seventh. He took sixth from Emerson on lap 40 when the Brazilian pitted to replace his front tyres that were flat-spotted when he had to avoid a spinning Scheckter.

For the last 15 laps, Hunt continued to follow Peterson, between .7 and 1.4 seconds behind. He pulled alongside at one point, but could not finish the pass. "I looked over at Ronnie, and he looked fiercer than me," he explained after the race.

Hunt had decided to bide his time until the final 10 laps, then make a bid to pass Peterson, but his car developed oversteer with a lightening fuel load. This kept him from taking the final corner before the back straight flat out, and effectively took away his speed advantage. He maintained the challenge to the flag, however, setting the fastest lap of the race on the penultimate lap. Peterson's winning margin of 0.688 seconds was the smallest in United States Grand Prix history until 2002.

Reutemann had to weave to the line, virtually out of fuel, but held on to third; Denny Hulme ran a steady race to fourth; Revson made it up to fifth with his splendid drive from last place; and Emerson Fittipaldi took sixth after having to stop for tyres. Having already secured the Manufacturers' Cup following Tyrrell's withdrawal, Lotus finished ten points ahead, despite Stewart taking the Drivers' Championship for Tyrrell.

## Classification

### Qualifying

| Pos | No | Driver | Constructor | Time | Gap | Grid |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 2 | Ronnie Peterson | Lotus-Ford | 1:39.657 |  | 1 |
| 2 | 10 | Carlos Reutemann | Brabham-Ford | 1:40.013 | +0.356 | 2 |
| 3 | 1 | Emerson Fittipaldi | Lotus-Ford | 1:40.393 | +0.736 | 3 |
| 4 | 6 | François Cevert | Tyrrell-Ford | 1:40.444 | +0.787 | DNS |
| 5 | 27 | James Hunt | March-Ford | 1:40.520 | +0.863 | 4 |
| 6 | 5 | Jackie Stewart | Tyrrell-Ford | 1:40.635 | +0.978 | 5 |
| 7 | 23 | Mike Hailwood | Surtees-Ford | 1:40.844 | +1.187 | 6 |
| 8 | 8 | Peter Revson | McLaren-Ford | 1:40.895 | +1.238 | 7 |
| 9 | 7 | Denny Hulme | McLaren-Ford | 1:40.907 | +1.250 | 8 |
| 10 | 24 | Carlos Pace | Surtees-Ford | 1:41.125 | +1.468 | 9 |
| 11 | 0 | Jody Scheckter | McLaren-Ford | 1:41.321 | +1.664 | 10 |
| 12 | 4 | Arturo Merzario | Ferrari | 1:41.455 | +1.798 | 11 |
| 13 | 29 | Chris Amon | Tyrrell-Ford | 1:41.679 | +2.022 | 12 |
| 14 | 31 | Brian Redman | Shadow-Ford | 1:42.247 | +2.590 | 13 |
| 15 | 20 | Jean-Pierre Beltoise | BRM | 1:42.417 | +2.760 | 14 |
| 16 | 19 | Clay Regazzoni | BRM | 1:42.468 | +2.811 | 15 |
| 17 | 30 | Jochen Mass | Surtees-Ford | 1:42.517 | +2.860 | 16 |
| 18 | 18 | Jean-Pierre Jarier | March-Ford | 1:42.752 | +3.095 | 17 |
| 19 | 12 | Graham Hill | Shadow-Ford | 1:42.848 | +3.191 | 18 |
| 20 | 25 | Howden Ganley | Iso-Marlboro-Ford | 1:43.166 | +3.509 | 19 |
| 21 | 16 | George Follmer | Shadow-Ford | 1:43.387 | +3.730 | 20 |
| 22 | 21 | Niki Lauda | BRM | 1:43.543 | +3.886 | 21 |
| 23 | 17 | Jackie Oliver | Shadow-Ford | 1:43.650 | +3.993 | 22 |
| 24 | 26 | Jacky Ickx | Iso-Marlboro-Ford | 1:43.885 | +4.228 | 23 |
| 25 | 9 | John Watson | Brabham-Ford | 1:43.887 | +4.230 | 24 |
| 26 | 11 | Wilson Fittipaldi | Brabham-Ford | 1:44.478 | +4.821 | 25 |
| 27 | 15 | Mike Beuttler | March-Ford | 1:45.032 | +5.375 | 26 |
| 28 | 28 | Rikky von Opel | Ensign-Ford | 1:45.441 | +5.784 | 27 |

### Race

| Pos | No | Driver | Constructor | Laps | Time/Retired | Grid | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 2 | **Ronnie Peterson** | **Lotus-Ford** | 59 | 1:41:15.779 | 1 | **9** |
| 2 | 27 | **James Hunt** | **March-Ford** | 59 | \+ 0.668 | 4 | **6** |
| 3 | 10 | **Carlos Reutemann** | **Brabham-Ford** | 59 | \+ 22.930 | 2 | **4** |
| 4 | 7 | **Denny Hulme** | **McLaren-Ford** | 59 | \+ 50.226 | 8 | **3** |
| 5 | 8 | **Peter Revson** | **McLaren-Ford** | 59 | \+ 1:20.367 | 7 | **2** |
| 6 | 1 | **Emerson Fittipaldi** | **Lotus-Ford** | 59 | \+ 1:47.945 | 3 | **1** |
| 7 | 26 | Jacky Ickx | Iso-Marlboro-Ford | 58 | \+ 1 Lap | 23 |  |
| 8 | 19 | Clay Regazzoni | BRM | 58 | \+ 1 Lap | 15 |  |
| 9 | 20 | Jean-Pierre Beltoise | BRM | 58 | \+ 1 Lap | 14 |  |
| 10 | 15 | Mike Beuttler | March-Ford | 58 | \+ 1 Lap | 26 |  |
| 11 | 18 | Jean-Pierre Jarier | March-Ford | 57 | Accident | 17 |  |
| 12 | 25 | Howden Ganley | Iso-Marlboro-Ford | 57 | \+ 2 Laps | 19 |  |
| 13 | 12 | Graham Hill | Shadow-Ford | 57 | \+ 2 Laps | 18 |  |
| 14 | 16 | George Follmer | Shadow-Ford | 57 | \+ 2 Laps | 20 |  |
| 15 | 17 | Jackie Oliver | Shadow-Ford | 55 | \+ 4 Laps | 22 |  |
| 16 | 4 | Arturo Merzario | Ferrari | 55 | \+ 4 Laps | 11 |  |
| NC | 11 | Wilson Fittipaldi | Brabham-Ford | 52 | \+ 7 Laps | 25 |  |
| Ret | 0 | Jody Scheckter | McLaren-Ford | 39 | Suspension | 10 |  |
| Ret | 30 | Jochen Mass | Surtees-Ford | 35 | Engine | 16 |  |
| Ret | 21 | Niki Lauda | BRM | 35 | Fuel Pump | 21 |  |
| Ret | 23 | Mike Hailwood | Surtees-Ford | 34 | Suspension | 6 |  |
| Ret | 24 | Carlos Pace | Surtees-Ford | 32 | Suspension | 9 |  |
| Ret | 9 | John Watson | Brabham-Ford | 7 | Engine | 24 |  |
| DSQ | 31 | Brian Redman | Shadow-Ford | 5 | Received Outside Assistance | 13 |  |
| Ret | 28 | Rikky von Opel | Ensign-Ford | 0 | Throttle | 27 |  |
| WD | 5 | Jackie Stewart | Tyrrell-Ford | 0 | Withdrew (Fatal Accident in team) | 5 |  |
| WD | 29 | Chris Amon | Tyrrell-Ford | 0 | Withdrew (Fatal Accident in team) | 12 |  |
| DNS | 6 | François Cevert | Tyrrell-Ford |  | Fatal Accident in Qualifying |  |  |
| Source: | | | | | | | |

* This was the 10th pole position and 5th Grand Prix win for a Swedish driver.
* This race marked the 58th fastest lap set by a Ford-powered car. This broke the record set by Ferrari at the 1972 Italian Grand Prix.

## Championship standings after the race

* **Note**: Only the top five positions are included for both sets of standings. Only the best 7 results from the first 8 races and the best 6 results from the last 7 races counted towards the Championship. Numbers without parentheses are Championship points; numbers in parentheses are total points scored.

## Further reading

* Doug Nye (1978). *The United States Grand Prix and Grand Prize Races, 1908-1977.* B. T. Batsford. ISBN 0-7134-1263-1
* "15th U.S. Grand Prix: Easy One For Ronnie". (January, 1974). *Road & Track*, 64-67.

## InfoBox

| 1973 United States Grand Prix | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Race details | | | |
| Date | October 7, 1973 | | |
| Official name | XVI United States Grand Prix | | |
| Location | Watkins Glen Grand Prix Race Course
Watkins Glen, New York | | |
| Course | Permanent road course | | |
| Course length | 5.435 km (3.377 miles) | | |
| Distance | 59 laps, 320.67 km (199.24 miles) | | |
| Weather | Cloudy with temperatures approaching 20 °C (68 °F);
Wind speeds up to 14.82 km/h (9.21 mph) | | |
| Pole position | | | |
| Driver |  | Lotus-Ford |
| Time | 1:39.657 | | |
| Fastest lap | | | |
| Driver | James Hunt | March-Ford |
| Time | 1:41.652 on lap 58 | | |
| Podium | | | |
| First |  | Lotus-Ford |
| Second |  | March-Ford |
| Third |  | Brabham-Ford |
| Lap leaders * | | | |


title: 1970 Soviet nuclear tests

abstract: The Soviet Union's 1970 nuclear test series was a group of 16 nuclear tests conducted in 1970. These tests followed the 1969 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1971 Soviet nuclear tests series.

text:
# 1970 Soviet nuclear tests

The **Soviet Union's 1970 nuclear test series** was a group of 16 nuclear tests conducted in 1970. These tests followed the *1969 Soviet nuclear tests* series and preceded the *1971 Soviet nuclear tests* series.

Soviet Union's 1970 series tests and detonations
| Name | Date time (UT) | Local time zone | Location | Elevation \+ height | Delivery,
Purpose | Device | Yield | Fallout | References | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *316* \- 1 | 29 January 1970 07:03:00.0 | ALMT (6 hrs)
 | Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 802 49°47′44″N 78°07′26″E / 49.7956°N 78.1239°E / 49.7956; 78.1239 (316 - 1) | 727 m (2,385 ft) \+ | tunnel,
weapon effect |  | 42 kt |  |  |  |
| *316* \- 2 | 29 January 1970 07:03:00.0 | ALMT (6 hrs)
 | Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 802 49°47′44″N 78°07′26″E / 49.7956°N 78.1239°E / 49.7956; 78.1239 (316 - 2) | 727 m (2,385 ft) \+ | tunnel,
weapon effect |  | unknown yield |  |  |  |
| *316* \- 3 | 29 January 1970 07:03:00.0 | ALMT (6 hrs)
 | Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 802 49°47′44″N 78°07′26″E / 49.7956°N 78.1239°E / 49.7956; 78.1239 (316 - 3) | 727 m (2,385 ft) \+ | tunnel,
weapon effect |  | unknown yield |  |  |  |
| *317* | 18 February 1970 | ALMT (6 hrs)
 | Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Sh-2 49°44′02″N 78°05′59″E / 49.73395°N 78.09982°E / 49.73395; 78.09982 (317) | 700 m (2,300 ft) \+ | tunnel,
safety experiment |  | 1000 kg |  |  |  |
| *318* | 27 March 1970 05:02:59.6 | ALMT (6 hrs)
 | Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 610 49°44′52″N 77°59′56″E / 49.7478°N 77.999°E / 49.7478; 77.999 (318) | 698 m (2,290 ft) \+ | tunnel,
peaceful research |  | 6.5 kt |  |  |  |
| *319* | 27 May 1970 04:03:00.0 | ALMT (6 hrs)
 | Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Sh-3 49°43′55″N 78°05′51″E / 49.73183°N 78.0975°E / 49.73183; 78.0975 (319) | 580 m (1,900 ft) \+ | tunnel,
weapons development |  | 900 t |  |  |  |
| *320 Magistral (Highway)* | 25 June 1970 04:59:55.5 | SVET (5 hrs)
 | Orenburg, Russia: 1T-2S 52°12′04″N 55°41′31″E / 52.201°N 55.692°E / 52.201; 55.692 (320 Magistral (Highway)) | 700 m (2,300 ft) | underground shaft,
cavity excavation |  | 2.3 kt |  |  | Create reservoirs for gas storage. |
| *321* | 28 June 1970 01:58:00.0 | ALMT (6 hrs)
 | Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 510 49°48′05″N 78°06′24″E / 49.8015°N 78.1068°E / 49.8015; 78.1068 (321) | 656 m (2,152 ft)332 m (1,089 ft) | tunnel,
weapons development |  | 88 kt |  |  |  |
| *322* \- 1 | 28 June 1970 01:58:?? | ALMT (6 hrs)
 | Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 705 49°46′36″N 78°02′59″E / 49.77677°N 78.04981°E / 49.77677; 78.04981 (322 - 1) | 650 m (2,130 ft) \+ | tunnel,
peaceful research |  | unknown yield |  |  |  |
| *322* \- 2 | 28 June 1970 01:58:?? | ALMT (6 hrs)
 | Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 705 49°46′36″N 78°02′59″E / 49.77677°N 78.04981°E / 49.77677; 78.04981 (322 - 2) | 650 m (2,130 ft) \+ | tunnel,
weapons development |  | unknown yield |  |  |  |
| *323* | 21 July 1970 03:02:59.7 | ALMT (6 hrs)
 | Sary-Uzen/Murzhik, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 104 49°57′11″N 77°40′21″E / 49.95295°N 77.67238°E / 49.95295; 77.67238 (323) | 460 m (1,510 ft) \+ | underground shaft,
weapons development |  | 23 kt |  |  |  |
| *324* | 24 July 1970 03:57:00.0 | ALMT (6 hrs)
 | Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 120 49°48′35″N 78°07′42″E / 49.8097°N 78.1284°E / 49.8097; 78.1284 (324) | 732 m (2,402 ft) \+ | tunnel,
weapons development |  | 20 kt |  |  |  |
| *326* | 6 September 1970 04:02:59.9 | ALMT (6 hrs)
 | Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 8 49°45′35″N 78°00′19″E / 49.75975°N 78.00533°E / 49.75975; 78.00533 (326) | 752 m (2,467 ft) \+ | tunnel,
peaceful research |  | 34 kt |  |  |  |
| *325* | 6 September 1970 04:03:?? | ALMT (6 hrs)
 | Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 502 49°47′37″N 78°00′19″E / 49.79349°N 78.00537°E / 49.79349; 78.00537 (325) | 680 m (2,230 ft) \+ | tunnel,
weapons development |  | unknown yield |  |  |  |
| *327* \- 1 | 14 October 1970 05:59:57.57 | MSK (3 hrs)
 | NZ Area B, Matochkin Shar, Novaya Zemlya, Russia: A-6 73°18′14″N 55°01′37″E / 73.304°N 55.027°E / 73.304; 55.027 (327 - 1) | 100 m (330 ft)1,200 m (3,900 ft) | tunnel,
weapons development |  | 2.2 Mt | Venting detected off site, 2 MCi (74 PBq) |  |  |
| *327* \- 2 | 14 October 1970 05:59:57.6 | MSK (3 hrs)
 | NZ Area B, Matochkin Shar, Novaya Zemlya, Russia: A-6 73°18′14″N 55°01′37″E / 73.304°N 55.027°E / 73.304; 55.027 (327 - 2) | 100 m (330 ft) \+ | tunnel,
weapons development |  | unknown yield |  |  |  |
| *327* \- 3 | 14 October 1970 05:59:57.6 | MSK (3 hrs)
 | NZ Area B, Matochkin Shar, Novaya Zemlya, Russia: A-6 73°18′14″N 55°01′37″E / 73.304°N 55.027°E / 73.304; 55.027 (327 - 3) | 100 m (330 ft) \+ | tunnel,
weapons development |  | unknown yield |  |  |  |
| *328* | 4 November 1970 06:02:59.8 | ALMT (6 hrs)
 | Sary-Uzen/Murzhik, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 125 49°59′22″N 77°45′43″E / 49.98947°N 77.76208°E / 49.98947; 77.76208 (328) | 460 m (1,510 ft) \+ | underground shaft,
peaceful research |  | 27 kt |  |  | Testing of a special explosive for valley cratering, used for the Tiaga event. |
| *329 Say-Utes 6T* | 12 December 1970 07:00:59.8 | SHET (5 hrs)
 | Mangystau, Kazakhstan: 6T 43°51′04″N 54°46′26″E / 43.851°N 54.774°E / 43.851; 54.774 (329 Say-Utes 6T) | 740 m (2,430 ft) | underground shaft,
industrial |  | 80 kt |  |  | Alluvial cratering, possibly testing for thermonuke test site. |
| *330* | 17 December 1970 07:01:00.0 | ALMT (6 hrs)
 | Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 193 49°44′44″N 78°05′57″E / 49.7456°N 78.0992°E / 49.7456; 78.0992 (330) | 624 m (2,047 ft) \+ | tunnel,
weapons development |  | 26 kt |  |  |  |
| *331 Say-Utes 1T* | 23 December 1970 07:00:59.8 | SHET (5 hrs)
 | Mangystau, Kazakhstan: 1-T 43°53′37″N 54°53′56″E / 43.89355°N 54.89875°E / 43.89355; 54.89875 (331 Say-Utes 1T) | 500 m (1,600 ft) | underground shaft,
industrial |  | 75 kt |  |  | Alluvial cratering, possibly testing for thermonuke test site. |

1. Yang, Xiaoping; North, Robert; Romney, Carl (August 2000). *CMR Nuclear Explosion Database (Revision 3)* (Technical report). SMDC Monitoring Research.
2. "Time Zone Historical Database". iana.com. Retrieved March 8, 2014.
3. Thurber, Clifford; Trabant, Chad; Hartog, Renate. *Assessing Event Location Capability with Ground Truth Events at the Degelen Mountain Test Site, Kazakhstan* (PDF) (DSWA01-98-10008). Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Arms Control Technology Division, Nuclear Treaties Branch. Archived from the original on December 15, 2013. Retrieved December 13, 2013.
4. Khalturin, Vitaly I.; Rautian, Tatyana G.; Richards, Paul G. (2000). "Chemical explosions during 1961-1989 on the Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan" (PDF). *Pure and Applied Geophysics*. **158**: 143–171. doi:10.1007/pl00001153. S2CID 128953780. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved December 13, 2013.
5. Cochran, Thomas B.; Arkin, William M.; Norris, Robert S.; Sands, Jeffrey I. *Nuclear Weapons Databook Vol. IV: Soviet Nuclear Weapons*. New York, NY: Harper and Row.
6. Podvig, Pavel, ed. (2001). *Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces*. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. ISBN 9780262661812. Retrieved January 9, 2014.
7. *USSR Nuclear Weapons Tests and Peaceful Nuclear Explosions 1949 through 1990*. Sarov, Russia: RFNC-VNIIEF. 1996. The official Russian list of Soviet tests.
8. *Nuclear explosions in the USSR: The North Test Site reference material, version 4* (PDF) (Technical report). IAEA Dept. of Nuclear Safety and Security. December 1, 2004. Retrieved December 13, 2013.
9. Nordyke, M.D. *The Soviet Program for Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Explosions* (PDF) (UCRL-ID-12441O Rev 2). Retrieved December 13, 2013.
10. Kim, Won-Young; Richards, Paul G.; Andrushkin, Vitaly; Ovtchinnikov, Vladimir (April 1, 2001). *Borovoye digital seismogram archive for underground nuclear tests during 1966-1996* (PDF) (Technical report). LDEO. Retrieved December 13, 2013.
11. Andrushkin, Vitaly V.; Leith, William (September 1, 2001). *The containment of Soviet underground nuclear explosions* (PDF) (Open File Report 01-312). USGS. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 9, 2013. Retrieved December 13, 2013.

## InfoBox

| 1970 | |
| --- | --- |
| Nuclear blast animation | |
| Information | |
| Country | Soviet Union |
| Test site | Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan; Mangystau, Kazakhstan; NZ Area B, Matochkin Shar, Novaya Zemlya, Russia; Orenburg, Russia; Sary-Uzen/Murzhik, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan |
| Period | 1970 |
| Number of tests | 16 |
| Test type | underground shaft, tunnel |
| Max. yield | 2.2 megatonnes of TNT (9.2 PJ) |
| Test series chronology | |
|  | |


title: Anna E. Reid Hall

abstract: Anna E. Reid Hall (1857–1928) was an American artist and art collector. She was the organizer of the first private art classes west of Omaha, Nebraska; was a co-founder of the Haydon Art Club, Lincoln's first arts organization, and its successor, the Nebraska Art Association; a painter of oil and watercolor still lifes, landscapes, and figures; exhibitor with the Haydon Art Club; and advocate and benefactor of Sarah Moore in 1884 as the first art teacher at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Anna and her husband, Frank M. Hall were among the founders of what is today the Sheldon Art Association and the Sheldon Museum of Art. Their bequest of artworks and creation of an acquisition endowment for the University of Nebraska helped shape the Sheldon's collection as we know it today.

text:
# Anna E. Reid Hall

**Anna E. Reid Hall** (1857–1928) was an American artist and art collector. She was the organizer of the first private art classes west of Omaha, Nebraska; was a co-founder of the Haydon Art Club, Lincoln's first arts organization, and its successor, the Nebraska Art Association; a painter of oil and watercolor still lifes, landscapes, and figures; exhibitor with the Haydon Art Club; and advocate and benefactor of Sarah Moore in 1884 as the first art teacher at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

Anna and her husband, Frank M. Hall were among the founders of what is today the Sheldon Art Association and the Sheldon Museum of Art. Their bequest of artworks and creation of an acquisition endowment for the University of Nebraska helped shape the Sheldon's collection as we know it today.

## Early life and education

Anna E. Reid was born in 1857 near Julian in Nebraska Territory, ten years before statehood. She grew up on her family's farm, taught in a country school, and in 1880, she earned a diploma from Nebraska State Normal School, which became Peru State College.

## Career

Hall was one of the first art collectors in the young state of Nebraska, and many of the works she bought were by women. She also helped found the organization that would become the Sheldon Art Association.

She served as president of the Women's Club of Lincoln for several terms. She was also concerned with the welfare of the poor, working actively with the Lincoln City Mission and the Home for the Friendless. The Halls also supported missonary work in Southeast Asia.

## Works

* *Fruit,* 1884/91. Oil on board; 21.6 x 56.5. UNL-Anna R. and Frank M. Hall Collection, H-35
* *Topsey,* 1884/91. Oil on board; 45.7 x 30.5 cm. UNL-Anna R. and Frank M. Hall Collection, H-36

1. "Anna E. Reid Hall". *MONA Museum of Nebraska Art*.
2. Museum of Art, Sheldon (2012). *A Legacy of Giving: The Anna and Frank Hall Collection* \[*A Legacy of Giving: The Anna and Frank Hall Collection*\]. Lincoln, Nebraska: Sheldon Museum of Art. pp. 1–5. ISBN 978-0-9856464-0-0.


title: Anna E. C. Simoni

abstract: Anna Elisabeth Charlotte Harvey-Simoni (1916–2007), Curator of the Dutch section at The British Library's Department of Printed Books (1950–81), was a bibliographer and research librarian who mainly worked on books printed in the Dutch Golden Age.

text:
# Anna E. C. Simoni

**Anna Elisabeth Charlotte Harvey-Simoni** (1916–2007), Curator of the Dutch section at The British Library's Department of Printed Books (1950–81), was a bibliographer and research librarian who mainly worked on books printed in the Dutch Golden Age.

## Life

Born Anneliese Simoni to a Jewish family in Leipzig on 30 August 1916, she was educated in Leipzig. She studied Latin and Italian at the universities of Turin and Genoa but was unable to complete her course of studies there when the Italian racial laws came into force, and in 1938 she sought refuge in Britain. She eventually obtained her degree at the University of Glasgow. She joined the Women's Auxiliary Air Force in 1943 and was demobbed in 1946.

Simoni was employed at the British Library at the beginning of 1950, and by the end of that year had been appointed curator of the Dutch section in the Department of Printed Books. She remained in that capacity until her retirement in 1981.

On 24 October 1985 she married William Harvey, taking his name but continuing to publish under her own. In 1991 a Festschrift was published in her honour, *Across the Narrow Seas: Studies in the history and bibliography of the Low Countries presented to Anna E. C. Simoni*, edited by Susan Roach. Contributors included Lotte Hellinga, Dennis E. Rhodes, Helen Wallis, Jonathan Israel, and T. A. Birrell.

Simoni died at home in Gillingham, Dorset, on 8 January 2007.

## Works

* *Publish and be Free: A catalogue of clandestine books printed in The Netherlands, 1940–1945, in the British Library* (1975)
* *Catalogue of Books from the Low Countries, 1601–1621, in the British Library* (1990)
* *The Ostend Story: Early tales of the great siege and the mediating role of Henrick van Haestens* (2003)

## Awards

## InfoBox

| Anna Harvey-Simoni | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Anneliese Simoni
(1916-08-30)August 30, 1916
Leipzig, Kingdom of Saxony, German Empire |
| Died | January 8, 2007(2007-01-08) (aged 90)
Gillingham, Dorset, United Kingdom |
| Occupation | Librarian |
| Spouse | William Harvey |
| Awards | Knight in the Order of the Netherlands Lion, 1998 |
|  | |
| Academic background | |
| Education | Latin and Italian |
| Alma mater | University of Glasgow |
| Academic work | |
| Discipline | Bibliographer |
| Sub-discipline | History of printed books |
| Institutions | The British Library |
| Main interests | Clandestine Dutch printing during the Second World War; printing in the Dutch Golden Age |
| Notable works | *Catalogue of Books from the Low Countries, 1601–1621, in the British Library* (1990) |
|  | |


title: Anna E. Cooper

abstract: Anna E. Cooper was a Liberian educator, she was the first female dean of the University of Liberia.

text:
# Anna E. Cooper

**Anna E. Cooper** (July 22, 1897 – 1988) was a Liberian educator, she was the first female dean of the University of Liberia.

## Early life and education

Cooper was born in Monrovia, Liberia, into a large and influential Americo-Liberian family. Her father was Jesse Randolph Cooper; her mother was Sarah Braxton Cooper Barclay; one sister was Magdalene L. Cooper Dennis, Liberia's first university trained nurse; another sister was Cecelia Adeline Cooper who married ambassador Charles D. B. King, who was Liberia's president from 1920 to 1930. Her brothers Henry R. Cooper and Charles E. Cooper were also in government.

Cooper studied at the College of West Africa in Monrovia. She went to the United States in 1914, and attended Central Alabama Institute, Morgan State College, and finally Howard University, where she played basketball, was a member of Alpha Kappa Alpha and earned a bachelor's degree in 1921. She returned to the United States in 1931, earning a master's degree at Teachers College, Columbia University. She also studied in London.

## Career

Cooper taught at the College of West Africa from 1922 to 1928, and then as a science professor at Liberia College from 1929 to 1931, teaching chemistry and physics. In 1933, she organized the college's science department. Cooper became Dean of Administration at Liberia College, the first woman to be a dean at the school. She led the school's transformation into the University of Liberia in 1951. She retired in 1956.

She was a founder of the first overseas chapter of Alpha Kappa Alpha, when she and others petitioned for a chapter in Monrovia in 1954. She was also active with the YWCA in Liberia. In 1978, she was honored by President William Tolbert, installed as a Knight Official in the Humane Order of African Redemption.

## Personal life

Cooper's son, James T. Phillips Jr., was a soil scientist and cabinet minister, executed during a military coup in 1980. Cooper died in 1988, aged 91 years.

## InfoBox

| Anna E. Cooper | |
| --- | --- |
| Anna E. Cooper, from the 1921 Howard University yearbook. | |
| Born | (1897-08-22)August 22, 1897
Monrovia, Liberia |
| Died | 1988 (aged 9091)
Liberia |
| Nationality | Liberian |
| Occupation | Educator |
| Known for | Dean of the University of Liberia |
| Children | James T. Phillips Jr |
| Honours | Humane Order of African Redemption (1978) |


title: Anna Henckel-Donnersmarck

abstract: Countess Anna Sarah Maria Brigitte Elisabeth Lily Henckel von Donnersmarck, known professionally as Anna Henckel-Donnersmarck, is a German filmmaker and film curator. Since 2019, she has been the curator of the Berlinale Shorts competition of the Berlin International Film Festival.

text:
# Anna Henckel-Donnersmarck

**Countess Anna Sarah Maria Brigitte Elisabeth Lily Henckel von Donnersmarck** (born 6 March 1973), known professionally as **Anna Henckel-Donnersmarck**, is a German filmmaker and film curator. Since 2019, she has been the curator of the Berlinale Shorts competition of the Berlin International Film Festival.

## Early life and education

Henckel-Donnersmarck was born on 6 March 1973 in Frankfurt. She is a member of the House of Henckel von Donnersmarck, an Austro-German noble family that once owned large estates in Silesia. Her father is the chairman of the Prince Donnersmarck Foundation. Her great-grandfather was Guido Henckel, 1st Prince of Donnersmarck. Henckel-Donnersmarck is related to German-American film director Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck.

She grew up in Indonesia, Japan, the United Kingdom, and Bavaria. Henckel-Donnersmarck attended Camberwell College of Arts in London and the Film Academy Baden-Württemberg in Ludwigsburg.

## Career

Henckel-Donnersmarck worked as a film programmer and presenter at Stuttgarter Filmwinter, Kasseler Dokfest, Zebra Poetry Film Festival, Pictoplasma, Internationales Animationfilm-Festival Stuttgart, the Szpilman Award, and Filmfest Dresden.

She designs short film video installations for exhibitions and concerts and worked as a lecturer on film theory and video practice.

From 2007 to 2019, Henckel-Donnersmarck served as a member of the Berlin International Film Festival's Berlinale Shorts selection committee. In June 2019, she succeeded Maike Mia Höhne as the curator of the Berlinale Shorts competition. She began her term as curator in 2020.

## InfoBox

| Anna Henckel-Donnersmarck | |
| --- | --- |
| Henckel-Donnersmarck in 2023 | |
| Born | Anna Sarah Maria Brigitte Elisabeth Lily Gräfin Henckel von Donnersmarck
(1973-03-06) 6 March 1973
Frankfurt am Main, Hesse, Germany |
| Education | Camberwell College of Arts
Film Academy Baden-Württemberg |
| Occupation(s) | Filmmaker, curator |
| Parent(s) | Guidotto, 4th Prince of Donnersmarck
Gerlinde Urban |
| Relatives | Henckel von Donnersmarck (family) |
| Website | annahd.net |


abstract: The 11th National Congress of the Kuomintang was the eleventh national congress of the Kuomintang, held on 12–18 November 1976 in Taipei, Taiwan. This is the first party congress after the Republic of China lost international recognition in 1971 and the death of Chiang Kai-shek in 1975.

text:
# 11th National Congress of the Kuomintang

The **11th National Congress of the Kuomintang** (Chinese: 中國國民黨第十一次全國代表大会) was the eleventh national congress of the Kuomintang, held on 12–18 November 1976 in Taipei, Taiwan. This is the first party congress after the Republic of China lost international recognition in 1971 and the death of Chiang Kai-shek in 1975.

## Results

Congress members fully supported Chiang Ching-kuo to become the Chairperson of the Kuomintang after the death of the party chairperson Chiang Kai-shek on 5 April 1975.


title: Anna Karolina Orzelska

abstract: Anna Karolina Orzelska was a Polish szlachcianka (noblewoman) and an adventuress. Born as an illegitimate daughter of August II the Strong, Elector of Saxony, Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland, by Henriette Rénard she became Hereditary Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck by marriage.

text:
# Anna Karolina Orzelska

**Anna Karolina Orzelska** (23 November 1707 – 27 September 1769) was a Polish *szlachcianka* (noblewoman) and an adventuress. Born as an illegitimate daughter of August II the Strong, Elector of Saxony, Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland, by Henriette Rénard she became Hereditary Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck by marriage.

## Life

The King-Elector August II the Strong met Henriette Rénard in Warsaw in 1706, where her father André Rénard, a wine merchant from Lyon, had a salon. Most historians agree that at first, Henriette didn't know the true identity of her lover. As a result of the liaison, in November 1707 a daughter was born, Anna Karolina. August did not learn of her existence until a year and a half later. Henriette married the Paris businessman François Drian shortly after Anna Karolina's birth and moved to France, where she grew up.

For a long time, the girl lived in Paris with her mother in complete obscurity without the support of her father. However, in 1723, her half-brother, the later Count Frederick Augustus Rutowsky, found her. Anna Karolina followed him on his return to the Dresden court, where the sixteen-year-old beauty was presented to the King. On 19 September 1724, August the Strong officially acknowledged Anna Karolina as his daughter and gave her the title of *Countess Orzelska* (Polish: *Hrabina Orzelska*, German: *Gräfin Orzelska*).

The first time she appeared in documents was on 21 November 1726 during the Diet of Grodno, at which the King personally signed the donation of the Blue Palace to her, which became Anna Karolina's official residence.

Anna Karolina became one of Augustus's most beloved children, not only because of her exceptional beauty, but also because of her improbable and extraordinary resemblance to her father. Without formal intellectual training, she nevertheless proved to be an excellent addition in court life.

The court of August the Strong had the worst reputation in Europe and encouraged the Countess's behavior, which was considered scandalous according to the official moral of the time. Contemporaries noted her tendency to drink, smoke tobacco, and have numerous affairs. Anna excelled in riding, hunting, and dancing. The Countess frequently appeared in men's clothing and even in military uniform. Some sources alleged that August the Strong made his own daughter his mistress; however, this cannot be proved.

In 1728, while King Frederick Wilhelm I of Prussia was visiting Dresden, the Countess Orzelska met his son, the sixteen-year-old Crown Prince Frederick (the future Frederick II the Great). Some have claimed that she became the first (and, probably, the only) mistress of Frederick's life - claims based more on the wishful thinking of his sister Wilhelmine who didn't like her brother's homosexual liaisons with young pages. The Crown Prince dedicated verses and musical works of his own composition to her. However, when Augustus and the Countess, who was now pregnant, paid a return visit to the Prussian court, Frederick was frustrated and turned to unspecified other forms of dissipation. Some have even suggested that Orzelska, during her alleged liaison with Frederick, attempted to gather intelligence on him and Prussia. However, Frederick was still a teenager at that time and his father was in charge in Prussia.

In 1730, the Countess obtained from her father 300,000 thalers as a dowry and married with Prince Charles Louis of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck \- younger brother of the reigning Duke Frederick Wilhelm II\- in the city of Dresden, on 10 August of that year. They had one son, Karl Frederick (b. Dresden, 5 January 1732 - d. Strassburg, 21 February 1772), future General Major of the Saxon Army. Her husband would become Duke after their divorce.

However, after three years of unhappy marriage (1733), Orzelska requested a divorce; from this moment, the couple began to live separately: Karl Ludwig in Königsberg and Anna Karolina in Venice, where she had a scandalous lifestyle.

She died in the French city of Grenoble aged 61, and was buried in the Church of Saint-Louis, in the Chapel of Saint-Jean-Baptiste.

## InfoBox

| Anna Karolina | |
| --- | --- |
| *Countess Orzelska
Princess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck* | |
| Portrait by Rosalba Carriera, 1730 | |
| Born | (1707-11-23)23 November 1707
Warsaw, Poland |
| Died | 27 September 1769(1769-09-27) (aged 61)
Grenoble, France |
| Burial | Saint-Louis Church |
| Spouse | Charles Louis, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
(m. 1730 - div. 1733) |
| Issue | Charles Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck |
| Names  Anna Karolina Orzelska | |
| House | Wettin, Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck |
| Father | Augustus II of Poland |
| Mother | Henriette Rénard |


title: Anne Louis Raoul Victor de Montmorency

abstract: Anne Louis Raoul Victor de Montmorency, 6th Duke of Montmorency, was a French aristocrat.

text:
# Anne Louis Raoul Victor de Montmorency

**Anne Louis Raoul Victor de Montmorency** (14 December 1790 – 18 August 1862), 6th Duke of Montmorency, was a French aristocrat.

## Early life

Montmorency was born on 14 December 1790. He was the son of Anne Charles François de Montmorency, 5th Duke of Montmorency (1768–1846), and Anne Louise Caroline de Goyon de Matignon, Countess de Gacé (1774–1846). His sisters were Anne Élisabeth Laurence de Montmorency (wife of Théodore, Prince of Bauffremont, son of Alexandre de Bauffremont) and Anne Louise Charlotte Alix de Montmorency (wife of Napoléon Louis, 3rd Duke of Talleyrand-Périgord, *de jure* 3rd Duke of Dino).

His paternal grandparents were Anne Léon, Duke of Montmorency and Charlotte-Françoise de Montmorency-Luxembourg, *suo jure* 4th Duchess of Montmorency (daughter of Anne-François de Montmorency-Luxembourg, 3rd Duke of Montmorency). His maternal grandparents were Louis Charles Auguste Goyon de Matignon, Count de Gacé, and Angélique-Marie Élisabeth Émilie Le Tonnelier de Breteuil (a daughter of French diplomat Louis Auguste Le Tonnelier, Baron de Breteuil).

## Career

He served as aide-de-camp to Marshal Louis-Nicolas Davout as well as chamberlain to Emperor Napoleon in 1813. From 1815 to 1820, he was aide-de-camp to the Duke of Orléans (later King Louis Philippe I).

He succeeded his father as the 6th Duke of Montmorency in 1846.

## Personal life

In 1821, he married Euphémie Théodore Valentine de Harchies de Vlamertinghe (1786–1858), the widow of his uncle, Thibaut de Montmorency, who died in a carriage accident at Montgeron in 1818. She was the daughter of Louis François Gabriel Joseph de Harchies de Vlaemertinghe and Hélène Gottliebe von Plettenberg.

The Duke died, without issue, on 18 August 1862. The dukedom passed to his nephew, Nicolas Raoul Adalbert de Talleyrand-Périgord, the youngest son of his sister Anne Louise Charlotte Alix de Montmorency. Her elder son, Boson de Talleyrand-Périgord, inherited the dukedom of Talleyrand.


title: Anne Louise Gregory Ritter

abstract: Anne Louise Gregory Ritter was an American artist and art teacher. Her early works were in oils and watercolor, but when she met Artus Van Briggle, she began working with him on pottery design and glazing. The couple established the Van Briggle Pottery in Colorado Springs, Colorado, in 1901. After her husband's death in 1904, Anne continued to run the pottery and built a new factory in her husband's honor. In 1912 she leased the pottery to Edmund deForest Curtis, returned to teaching and sold the firm in 1922. She moved to Denver in 1923 and returned to painting.

text:
# Anne Louise Gregory Ritter

**Anne Louise Gregory Ritter** (July 11, 1868 – November 15, 1929) was an American artist and art teacher. Her early works were in oils and watercolor, but when she met Artus Van Briggle, she began working with him on pottery design and glazing. The couple established the Van Briggle Pottery in Colorado Springs, Colorado, in 1901. After her husband's death in 1904, Anne continued to run the pottery and built a new factory in her husband's honor. In 1912 she leased the pottery to Edmund deForest Curtis, returned to teaching and sold the firm in 1922. She moved to Denver in 1923 and returned to painting.

## Biography

Anne Louise Gregory (sometimes given as Anna Lawrence Gregory) was born July 11, 1868, in Plattsburgh, New York. She studied landscape painting with Charles Melville Dewey in New York and then studied oil painting, water colors and clay modeling at the Victoria-Lyzeum of Berlin. In 1894, she was studying in Paris at the Académie Colarossi, when she met fellow artist Artus Van Briggle, who was researching oriental pottery matte glazes. Gregory's works had earned a solid reputation and she had been accepted to participate in the Paris Salon in several shows. The couple became engaged and in 1896 returned to the United States, where he went to Ohio and she went to Pennsylvania. Gregory took up a teaching post at a local high school, teaching art, French and German.

In 1900, Gregory moved to Colorado Springs, where Van Briggle was then residing. She took up a post as Art Supervisor at Colorado Springs High School and worked with Van Briggle in launching the business, pottery design and experimentation. Over the next two years, Artus and Anne continued experimenting with products, incorporated the company and prepared for their public opening. Anne was not on the board of directors and Artus held all of the company shares. On June 18, 1902, on Cheyenne Mountain in a place known as Helen Hunt Jackson's Garden, near Colorado Springs, Colorado, Gregory and Van Briggle married.

Due to her husband's increasingly poor health from tuberculosis, Anne took over most of the daily functions of the business and design work for the company. Throughout the remainder of 1902 and 1903, pottery was shipped to larger cities, tours of the plant were given and entries were sent to the Paris salon. For the 1903 Salon, it was noted that all 24 pieces sent were accepted, which was a rarity as art for commercial purposes was usually rejected, even if produced by well-known firms such as Tiffany's. The couple's entries, which were marked with both of their names won "2 gold, 1 silver, and 12 bronze medals" at the 1903 and 1904 Salon. Pieces produced by Artus were incised with the Roman numeral "iii", pieces which Anne worked on carried the double mark "AA" for the couple's initials. Pottery carrying the signature "Anna Van Briggle" date from between 1955 and 1968, long after her death and were neither her works nor inspired by her. Works marked "Anna Van Briggle" are actually marked in that manner to distinguish a different type of clay and glaze in use in the late 1950s to the 1960s and have nothing to do with the artist.

The couple also sent entries to the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition as the St. Louis World's Fair was known, where they won two gold, one silver, and two bronze medals. Though they wintered in Tucson hoping for an improvement in Artus' health, his condition worsened and he died on July 4, 1904. After her husband's death, Anne erected a pottery plant on Uintah Street in his memory. The building was completed in 1907 and opened in 1908 with a larger factory and a showroom allowing for business expansion.

Anne continued to run the company, even after her remarriage in July 1908 to a Swiss mining engineer, Etienne Ritter, until 1912 when she leased it to Edmund deForest Curtis, who ran the operation until 1916. Anne returned to teaching, giving art classes at Colorado College. In 1922, she sold the company to J.F. and I.H. Lewis and the following year moved to Denver with her husband, returning to painting.

Anne died on November 15, 1929, in Denver, Colorado.

## InfoBox

| Anne Louise Gregory Ritter | |
| --- | --- |
| Anne Gregory, 1900 | |
| Born | Anne Louise Gregory
(1868-07-11)July 11, 1868
Plattsburgh, New York |
| Died | November 15, 1929(1929-11-15) (aged 61)
Denver, Colorado |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation(s) | Artist, teacher |
| Years active | 1896-1929 |
| Known for | Van Briggle Pottery |


# Electoral results for the district of Uralla-Walcha

Uralla-Walcha, an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, was created in 1894 and abolished in 1904.

| Election | Member | | Party |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1894 |  | William Piddington | Ind. Free Trade |
| 1895 |  | | Free Trade |
| 1898 |  | | National Federal |
| June 1900 by |  | | Protectionist |
| October 1900 by |  | Michael MacMahon | Protectionist |
| 1901 |  | | Progressive |

## Election results

### Elections in the 1900s

#### 1901

1901 New South Wales state election: Uralla-Walcha
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Progressive | Michael MacMahon | 572 | 46.6 | -8.8 |
|  | Liberal Reform | Charles Marsh | 549 | 44.7 | +39.9 |
|  | Independent | James Watts | 103 | 8.4 |  |
|  | Independent | Frank Townshend | 3 | 0.2 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 1,227 | 98.6 | +0.4 |
| Informal votes | | | 17 | 1.4 | −0.4 |
| Turnout | | | 1,244 | 68.1 | +10.3 |
|  | Progressive **hold** | |  | | |

#### October 1900 by-election

1900 Uralla-Walcha colonial by-election
Saturday 27 October
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Protectionist | Michael MacMahon (elected) | 331 | 33.7 |  |
|  | Free Trade | Charles Marsh | 295 | 32.7 |  |
|  | Free Trade | Edmund Lonsdale | 277 | 30.7 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 903 | 100.0 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 0 | 0.0 |  |
| Turnout | | | 903 | 50.4 | +13.0 |
|  | Protectionist **hold** | |  | | |

William Piddington died.

#### June 1900 by-election

1900 Uralla-Walcha colonial by-election
Saturday 9 June
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Protectionist | William Piddington (re-elected) | 451 | 67.3 | +11.9 |
|  | Free Trade | Edmund Lonsdale | 219 | 32.7 | +27.9 |
| Total formal votes | | | 670 | 100.0 | +1.8 |
| Informal votes | | | 0 | 0.0 | −1.8 |
| Turnout | | | 670 | 37.4 | −20.4 |
|  | Protectionist **hold** | |  | | |

William Piddington resigned.

### Elections in the 1890s

#### 1898

1898 New South Wales colonial election: Uralla-Walcha
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | National Federal | William Piddington | 550 | 55.4 |  |
|  | Independent Federalist | Robert Brown | 395 | 39.8 |  |
|  | Free Trade | Cornelius Danahey | 48 | 4.8 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 993 | 98.2 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 18 | 1.8 |  |
| Turnout | | | 1,011 | 57.8 |  |
|  | Member **changed** to National Federal from Free Trade | |  | | |

#### 1895

1895 New South Wales colonial election: Uralla-Walcha
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Free Trade | William Piddington | 557 | 66.2 |  |
|  | Protectionist | James Proctor | 285 | 33.9 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 842 | 97.1 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 25 | 2.9 |  |
| Turnout | | | 867 | 52.0 |  |
|  | Member **changed** to Free Trade from Ind. Free Trade | |  | | |

#### 1894

1894 New South Wales colonial election: Uralla-Walcha
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Ind. Free Trade | William Piddington | 431 | 35.8 |  |
|  | Protectionist | Patrick O'Connor | 349 | 29.0 |  |
|  | Free Trade | James Leece | 232 | 19.3 |  |
|  | Ind. Protectionist | Charles Givney | 74 | 6.2 |  |
|  | Independent | John Gardiner | 50 | 4.2 |  |
|  | Independent | John Campbell | 46 | 3.8 |  |
|  | Independent Labour | Hugh Healy | 14 | 1.2 |  |
|  | Ind. Free Trade | Edmund Moberly | 7 | 0.6 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 1,203 | 97.2 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 35 | 2.8 |  |
| Turnout | | | 1,238 | 73.1 |  |
|  | Ind. Free Trade **win** | | *(new seat)* | | |

1. Green, Antony. "Elections for the District of Uralla-Walcha". *New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007*. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
2. "Part 5B alphabetical list of all electorates and Members since 1856" (PDF). *NSW Parliamentary Record*. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
3. "Former Members". *Members of Parliament*. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
4. Green, Antony. "1901 Uralla-Walcha". *New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007*. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
5. Green, Antony. "October 1900 Uralla-Walcha by-election". *New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007*. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
6. Green, Antony. "June 1900 Uralla-Walcha by-election". *New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007*. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
7. Green, Antony. "1898 Uralla-Walcha". *New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007*. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
8. Green, Antony. "1895 Uralla-Walcha". *New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007*. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
9. Green, Antony. "1894 Uralla-Walcha". *New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007*. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 11 April 2020.


abstract: This is a list of electoral results for the electoral district of Upper Goulburn in Victorian state elections.

text:
# Electoral results for the district of Upper Goulburn

This is a list of **electoral results for the electoral district of Upper Goulburn** in Victorian state elections.

## Members for Upper Goulburn

| Member | | Party | Term |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Thomas Hunt | Unaligned | 1904–1908 |
|  | George Cookson | Liberal | 1908–1911 |
|  | Malcolm McKenzie | Liberal | 1911–1917 |
|  | | Nationalist | 1917–1920 |
|  | Edwin Mackrell | Country | 1920–1945 |
|

## Election results

### Elections in the 1940s

1943 Victorian state election: Upper Goulburn
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Country | Edwin Mackrell | unopposed |  |  |
|  | Country **hold** | | **Swing** |  |  |

1940 Victorian state election: Upper Goulburn
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Country | Edwin Mackrell | unopposed |  |  |
|  | Country **hold** | | **Swing** |  |  |

### Elections in the 1930s

1937 Victorian state election: Upper Goulburn
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Country | Edwin Mackrell | unopposed |  |  |
|  | Country **hold** | | **Swing** |  |  |

1935 Victorian state election: Upper Goulburn
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Country | Edwin Mackrell | 5,620 | 61.8 | +15.9 |
|  | Labor | Edward Withers | 3,476 | 38.2 | +5.5 |
| Total formal votes | | | 9,096 | 99.2 | +0.4 |
| Informal votes | | | 75 | 0.8 | −0.4 |
| Turnout | | | 9,171 | 94.4 | +0.5 |
|  | Country **hold** | | **Swing** | -3.0 |  |

1932 Victorian state election: Upper Goulburn
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Country | Edwin Mackrell | 4,029 | 45.9 | -5.3 |
|  | Labor | John Dedman | 2,867 | 32.7 | -16.1 |
|  | United Australia | Robert Forsyth | 1,879 | 21.4 | +21.4 |
| Total formal votes | | | 8,775 | 98.8 | −0.6 |
| Informal votes | | | 109 | 1.2 | +0.6 |
| Turnout | | | 8,884 | 93.9 | −0.4 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Country | Edwin Mackrell | 5,682 | 64.8 | +13.6 |
|  | Labor | John Dedman | 3,093 | 35.2 | -13.6 |
|  | Country **hold** | | **Swing** | +13.6 |  |

### Elections in the 1920s

1929 Victorian state election: Upper Goulburn
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Country | Edwin Mackrell | 4,555 | 51.2 | +17.4 |
|  | Labor | Edward Withers | 4,337 | 48.8 | +4.7 |
| Total formal votes | | | 8,892 | 99.4 | +0.8 |
| Informal votes | | | 57 | 0.6 | −0.8 |
| Turnout | | | 8,949 | 94.3 | +4.1 |
|  | Country **hold** | | **Swing** | -0.7 |  |

1927 Victorian state election: Upper Goulburn
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Edward Withers | 3,658 | 44.1 |  |
|  | Country | Edwin Mackrell | 2,805 | 33.8 |  |
|  | Nationalist | George Wilson | 1,831 | 22.1 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 8,294 | 98.6 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 120 | 1.4 |  |
| Turnout | | | 8,414 | 90.2 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Country | Edwin Mackrell | 4,303 | 51.9 |  |
|  | Labor | Edward Withers | 3,991 | 48.1 |  |
|  | Country **hold** | | **Swing** |  |  |

1924 Victorian state election: Upper Goulburn
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | John Minogue | 2,137 | 38.3 | +4.4 |
|  | Country | Edwin Mackrell | 1,889 | 33.8 | 0.0 |
|  | Nationalist | Robert McAlpin | 1,556 | 27.9 | -4.4 |
| Total formal votes | | | 5,582 | 98.7 | +0.5 |
| Informal votes | | | 73 | 1.3 | −0.5 |
| Turnout | | | 5,655 | 72.9 | +7.8 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Country | Edwin Mackrell | 3,257 | 58.3 | -3.4 |
|  | Labor | John Minogue | 2,325 | 41.7 | +3.4 |
|  | Country **hold** | | **Swing** | -3.4 |  |

1921 Victorian state election: Upper Goulburn
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Christopher Gleeson | 1,757 | 33.9 | -1.6 |
|  | Victorian Farmers | Edwin Mackrell | 1,750 | 33.8 | -0.2 |
|  | Nationalist | John Leckie | 1,678 | 32.4 | +1.9 |
| Total formal votes | | | 5,185 | 98.2 | +3.3 |
| Informal votes | | | 97 | 1.8 | −3.3 |
| Turnout | | | 5,282 | 65.1 | +1.7 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Victorian Farmers | Edwin Mackrell | 3,198 | 61.7 | +3.6 |
|  | Labor | Christopher Gleeson | 1,987 | 38.3 | -3.6 |
|  | Victorian Farmers **hold** | | **Swing** | +3.6 |  |

1921 Upper Goulburn state by-election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Christopher Gleeson | 1,960 | 38.3 | +2.8 |
|  | Victorian Farmers | Edwin Mackrell | 1,885 | 36.9 | +2.9 |
|  | Nationalist | William Whiting | 1,266 | 24.8 | -5.7 |
| Total formal votes | | | 5,111 | N/A | N/A |
| Informal votes | | | N/A | N/A |  |
| Turnout | | | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Victorian Farmers | Edwin Mackrell | 2,925 | 57.2 | -0.9 |
|  | Labor | Christopher Gleeson | 2,186 | 42.8 | +0.9 |
|  | Victorian Farmers **hold** | | **Swing** | -0.9 |  |

1920 Victorian state election: Upper Goulburn
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Christopher Gleeson | 1,746 | 35.5 | +35.5 |
|  | Victorian Farmers | Edwin Mackrell | 1,669 | 34.0 | +34.0 |
|  | Nationalist | William Whiting | 1,499 | 30.5 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 4,914 | 94.9 | −3.1 |
| Informal votes | | | 267 | 5.1 | +3.1 |
| Turnout | | | 5,181 | 63.4 | +10.0 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Victorian Farmers | Edwin Mackrell | 2,857 | 58.1 | +58.1 |
|  | Labor | Christopher Gleeson | 2,057 | 41.9 | +41.9 |
|  | Victorian Farmers **gain** from Nationalist | | **Swing** | N/A |  |

### Elections in the 1910s

1917 Victorian state election: Upper Goulburn
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Nationalist | Malcolm McKenzie | 2,630 | 61.0 | +1.0 |
|  | Nationalist | Thomas Hunt | 1,678 | 39.0 | +39.0 |
| Total formal votes | | | 4,308 | 98.0 | +1.3 |
| Informal votes | | | 87 | 2.0 | −1.3 |
| Turnout | | | 4,395 | 53.4 | −4.1 |
|  | Nationalist **hold** | | **Swing** | N/A |  |

1914 Victorian state election: Upper Goulburn
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Malcolm McKenzie | 2,746 | 60.0 | +39.4 |
|  | Labor | Michael O'Brien | 1,833 | 40.0 | +14.7 |
| Total formal votes | | | 4,579 | 96.7 | −1.4 |
| Informal votes | | | 155 | 3.3 | +1.4 |
| Turnout | | | 4,734 | 57.5 | −9.0 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | N/A |  |

1911 Victorian state election: Upper Goulburn
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Independent | Malcolm McKenzie | 1,758 | 34.6 | +34.6 |
|  | Labor | Ernest Moloney | 1,285 | 25.3 | +25.3 |
|  | Liberal | George Cookson | 1,049 | 20.6 | -31.4 |
|  | Independent | Thomas Hunt | 990 | 19.5 | -28.5 |
| Total formal votes | | | 5,082 | 98.1 | −1.5 |
| Informal votes | | | 97 | 1.9 | +1.5 |
| Turnout | | | 5,179 | 66.5 | +9.0 |
| Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Independent | Malcolm McKenzie | 2,885 | 56.8 | +56.8 |
|  | Labor | Ernest Moloney | 2,197 | 43.2 | +43.2 |
|  | Independent **gain** from Liberal | | **Swing** | N/A |  |


title: 1973 Argentine Grand Prix

abstract: The 1973 Argentine Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at the Buenos Aires circuit on 28 January 1973. It was race 1 of 15 in both the 1973 World Championship of Drivers and the 1973 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers. The 96-lap race was won by Lotus driver Emerson Fittipaldi after he started from second position. François Cevert finished second for the Tyrrell team and his teammate Jackie Stewart came in third.

text:
# 1973 Argentine Grand Prix

The **1973 Argentine Grand Prix** was a Formula One motor race held at the Buenos Aires circuit on 28 January 1973. It was race 1 of 15 in both the 1973 World Championship of Drivers and the 1973 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers. The 96-lap race was won by Lotus driver Emerson Fittipaldi after he started from second position. François Cevert finished second for the Tyrrell team and his teammate Jackie Stewart came in third.

## Classification

### Qualifying

| Pos | No | Driver | Constructor | Time | Gap | Grid |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 32 | Clay Regazzoni | BRM | **1:10.54** |  | 1 |
| 2 | 2 | Emerson Fittipaldi | Lotus-Ford | 1:10.84 | +0.30 | 2 |
| 3 | 18 | Jacky Ickx | Ferrari | 1:11.01 | +0.47 | 3 |
| 4 | 6 | Jackie Stewart | Tyrrell-Ford | 1:11.03 | +0.49 | 4 |
| 5 | 4 | Ronnie Peterson | Lotus-Ford | 1:11.06 | +0.52 | 5 |
| 6 | 8 | François Cevert | Tyrrell-Ford | 1:11.46 | +0.92 | 6 |
| 7 | 30 | Jean-Pierre Beltoise | BRM | 1:11.48 | +0.94 | 7 |
| 8 | 14 | Denny Hulme | McLaren-Ford | 1:11.70 | +1.16 | 8 |
| 9 | 10 | Carlos Reutemann | Brabham-Ford | 1:12.08 | +1.54 | 9 |
| 10 | 26 | Mike Hailwood | Surtees-Ford | 1:12.13 | +1.59 | 10 |
| 11 | 16 | Peter Revson | McLaren-Ford | 1:12.22 | +1.68 | 11 |
| 12 | 12 | Wilson Fittipaldi | Brabham-Ford | 1:12.31 | +1.79 | 12 |
| 13 | 34 | Niki Lauda | BRM | 1:12.39 | +1.85 | 13 |
| 14 | 20 | Arturo Merzario | Ferrari | 1:12.54 | +2.00 | 14 |
| 15 | 28 | Carlos Pace | Surtees-Ford | 1:12.80 | +2.26 | 15 |
| 16 | 36 | Nanni Galli | Williams-Ford | 1:13.97 | +3.43 | 16 |
| 17 | 24 | Jean-Pierre Jarier | March-Ford | 1:14.27 | +3.73 | 17 |
| 18 | 22 | Mike Beuttler | March-Ford | 1:15.15 | +4.61 | 18 |
| 19 | 38 | Howden Ganley | Williams-Ford | 1:15.29 | +4.75 | 19 |
| Source: | | | | | | |

### Race

| Pos | No | Driver | Constructor | Laps | Time/Retired | Grid | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 2 | **Emerson Fittipaldi** | **Lotus-Ford** | 96 | 1:56:18.22 | 2 | **9** |
| 2 | 8 | **François Cevert** | **Tyrrell-Ford** | 96 | \+ 4.69 | 6 | **6** |
| 3 | 6 | **Jackie Stewart** | **Tyrrell-Ford** | 96 | \+ 33.19 | 4 | **4** |
| 4 | 18 | **Jacky Ickx** | **Ferrari** | 96 | \+ 42.57 | 3 | **3** |
| 5 | 14 | **Denny Hulme** | **McLaren-Ford** | 95 | \+ 1 Lap | 8 | **2** |
| 6 | 12 | **Wilson Fittipaldi** | **Brabham-Ford** | 95 | \+ 1 Lap | 12 | **1** |
| 7 | 32 | Clay Regazzoni | BRM | 93 | \+ 3 Laps | 1 |  |
| 8 | 16 | Peter Revson | McLaren-Ford | 92 | \+ 4 Laps | 11 |  |
| 9 | 20 | Arturo Merzario | Ferrari | 92 | \+ 4 Laps | 14 |  |
| 10 | 22 | Mike Beuttler | March-Ford | 90 | Suspension | 18 |  |
| Ret | 24 | Jean-Pierre Jarier | March-Ford | 84 | Radiator | 17 |  |
| Ret | 30 | Jean-Pierre Beltoise | BRM | 79 | Engine | 7 |  |
| NC | 38 | Howden Ganley | Iso-Marlboro-Ford | 79 | Not Classified | 19 |  |
| Ret | 4 | Ronnie Peterson | Lotus-Ford | 67 | Oil Pressure | 5 |  |
| Ret | 34 | Niki Lauda | BRM | 66 | Oil Pressure | 13 |  |
| Ret | 10 | Carlos Reutemann | Brabham-Ford | 16 | Gearbox | 9 |  |
| Ret | 26 | Mike Hailwood | Surtees-Ford | 10 | Halfshaft | 10 |  |
| Ret | 28 | Carlos Pace | Surtees-Ford | 10 | Suspension | 15 |  |
| Ret | 36 | Nanni Galli | Iso-Marlboro-Ford | 0 | Engine | 16 |  |
| Source: | | | | | | | |

* This was the 5th pole position for a Swiss driver.
* This was the first fastest lap set by Emerson Fittipaldi and the first by a Brazilian driver.
* This was the Formula One World Championship debut for Italian constructor Iso-Marlboro, being entered by Frank Williams.
* This was the 200th Grand Prix for a Ferrari-powered car. In those 200 races, Ferrari-powered cars won 49 Grands Prix, achieved 183 podium finishes, 60 pole positions, 57 fastest laps, 18 Grand Slams, and won 6 Driver's and 2 Constructor's World Championships.

## Championship standings after the race

* **Note**: Only the top five positions are included for both sets of standings.

## InfoBox

| 1973 Argentine Grand Prix | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Layout of the Buenos Aires circuit in 1973 | | | |
| Race details | | | |
| Date | January 28, 1973 | | |
| Official name | X Gran Premio de la Republica Argentina | | |
| Location | Autodromo Municipal Ciudad de Buenos Aires<br>Buenos Aires, Argentina | | |
| Course | Permanent racing facility | | |
| Course length | 3.346 km (2.079 miles) | | |
| Distance | 96 laps, 321.216 km (199.584 miles) | | |
| Pole position | | | |
| Driver |  | BRM |
| Time | 1:10.54 | | |
| Fastest lap | | | |
| Driver | Emerson Fittipaldi | Lotus-Ford |
| Time | 1:11.22 | | |
| Podium | | | |
| First |  | Lotus-Ford |
| Second |  | Tyrrell-Ford |
| Third |  | Tyrrell-Ford |
| Lap leaders * | | | |


title: Anne Mary Perceval

abstract: Anne Mary Perceval was an English botanist and author in Lower Canada from 1810–28. Perceval was born in London, the daughter of Sir Charles Flower, Lord Mayor of London from 1808–09, and his wife, Anne Squire. Her father was created a baronet in 1809. She married Michael Henry Perceval and came to Quebec City in 1810 when her husband was named customs collector. In 1815, with her husband, she acquired Spencer Wood, where she established an important garden of native plants. She identified about 150 species of plants from her collection to William Jackson Hooker, who included them in his Flora boreali-americana, or, the botany of the northern parts of British America. She also corresponded with botanist John Torrey. She returned to Britain in 1828 following the death of her husband and died at Lews Castle, Stornoway on the Isle of Lewis at the age of 86. Plants which she collected are included in Canadian and American natural history collections, as well as collections in Paris and London.

text:
# Anne Mary Perceval

**Anne Mary Perceval** (*née* **Flower**; 14 January 1790  23 November 1876) was an English botanist and author in Lower Canada from 1810–28.

Perceval was born in London, the daughter of Sir Charles Flower, Lord Mayor of London from 1808–09, and his wife, Anne Squire. Her father was created a baronet in 1809.

She married Michael Henry Perceval and came to Quebec City in 1810 when her husband was named customs collector. In 1815, with her husband, she acquired Spencer Wood, where she established an important garden of native plants. She identified about 150 species of plants from her collection to William Jackson Hooker, who included them in his *Flora boreali-americana, or, the botany of the northern parts of British America*. She also corresponded with botanist John Torrey.

She returned to Britain in 1828 following the death of her husband and died at Lews Castle, Stornoway on the Isle of Lewis at the age of 86.

Plants which she collected are included in Canadian and American natural history collections, as well as collections in Paris and London.