title: 1178

abstract: Year 1178 (MCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar, the 1178th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 178th year of the 2nd millennium, the 78th year of the 12th century, and the 9th year of the 1170s decade.

text:
# 1178

1178 in various calendars
| Gregorian calendar | 1178
*MCLXXVIII* |
| --- | --- |
| Ab urbe condita | 1931 |
| Armenian calendar | 627
ԹՎ ՈԻԷ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5928 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1099–1100 |
| Bengali calendar | 585 |
| Berber calendar | 2128 |
| English Regnal year | 24 Hen. 2  25 Hen. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1722 |
| Burmese calendar | 540 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6686–6687 |
| Chinese calendar | 丁酉年 (Fire Rooster)
3875 or 3668
*to*
戊戌年 (Earth Dog)
3876 or 3669 |
| Coptic calendar | 894–895 |
| Discordian calendar | 2344 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1170–1171 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4938–4939 |
| Hindu calendars |  |
| \- *Vikram Samvat* | 1234–1235 |
| \- *Shaka Samvat* | 1099–1100 |
| \- *Kali Yuga* | 4278–4279 |
| Holocene calendar | 11178 |
| Igbo calendar | 178–179 |
| Iranian calendar | 556–557 |
| Islamic calendar | 573–574 |
| Japanese calendar | Jishō 2
(治承２年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1085–1086 |
| Julian calendar | 1178
*MCLXXVIII* |
| Korean calendar | 3511 |
| Minguo calendar | 734 before ROC
民前734年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −290 |
| Seleucid era | 1489/1490 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1720–1721 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴火鸡年
(female Fire-Rooster)
1304 or 923 or 151
*to*
阳土狗年
(male Earth-Dog)
1305 or 924 or 152 |

Year **1178** (**MCLXXVIII**) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, the 1178th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 178th year of the 2nd millennium, the 78th year of the 12th century, and the 9th year of the 1170s decade.

## Events

### By place

#### Europe

### By topic

#### Art and Science

#### Religion

## Births

## Deaths

## InfoBox

| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
| --- | --- |
| Centuries: |  |
| Decades: |  |
| Years: |  |


title: Angèle Préville

abstract: Angèle Préville is a French politician. She is a member of the Socialist Party, and also is a Senator for Lot since 1 October 2017.

text:
# Angèle Préville

**Angèle Préville** (born 23 November 1955 in Offenburg, Germany) is a French politician.

She is a member of the Socialist Party, and also is a Senator for Lot since 1 October 2017.

## Biography

Angèle Préville was a professor of physics and chemistry until June 2017, when she retired from the public service.

She later took part in various electoral campaigns for the candidates by campaigning door-to-door as an activist of the Socialist Party.

She was elected as the deputy mayor of Biars-sur-Cère in the 2014 municipal elections. For the 2015 departmental elections, she ran alongside Jean-Pierre Boucard in the canton of Cère et Ségala. They were elected in the second round with 72.26% of the votes.

She was a candidate for the 2017 senatorial elections with her deputy Alain Marty. She was elected Senator for Lot on 24 September 2017 with 190 votes, and became the first person from Lot to hold this position.

## InfoBox

| Angèle Préville | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the French Senate for Lot | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
1 October 2017 | |
| President | Hervé Morin |
| Departmental Councilor for Lot | |
| **In office**
2 April 2015  16 October 2017 | |
| Succeeded by | Claire Delande |
| Constituency | Canton of Cère et Ségala |
| Deputy Mayor of Biars-sur-Cère | |
| **In office**
30 March 2014  September 2017 | |
| President | Elie Autemayou |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1955-11-23) 23 November 1955
Offenburg, Germany |
| Nationality | French |
| Political party | Socialist Party |
|  | |


title: 1964 British Saloon Car Championship

abstract: The 1964 BRSCC British Saloon Car Championship, was the seventh season of the championship. It started on 14 March at Snetterton and finished on 19 September at Oulton Park. The title was won by 1963 Formula One champion Jim Clark.

text:
# 1964 British Saloon Car Championship

The **1964 BRSCC British Saloon Car Championship**, was the seventh season of the championship. It started on 14 March at Snetterton and finished on 19 September at Oulton Park. The title was won by 1963 Formula One champion Jim Clark.

## Calendar and results

All races were held in the United Kingdom. Overall winners of multi-class races in **bold**.

| Round | | Circuit | Date | Class A Winner | Class B Winner | Class C Winner | Class D Winner |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | | Snetterton Motor Racing Circuit, Norfolk | 14 March | John Fitzpatrick | Jim Clark | John Sparrow | **Jack Brabham** |
| 2 | | Goodwood Circuit, West Sussex | 30 March | Mike Young | Jim Clark | *None (drivers disqualified)* | **Jack Sears** |
| 3 | | Oulton Park, Cheshire | 11 April | Mike Young | **Jim Clark** | Chris McLaren | Gawaine Baillie |
| 4 | | Aintree Motor Racing Circuit, Liverpool | 18 April | John Fitzpatrick | Jim Clark | John Sparrow | **Jack Sears** |
| 5 | | Silverstone Circuit, Northamptonshire | 2 May | Paddy Hopkirk | Jim Clark | Chris McLaren | **Jack Sears** |
| 6 | A | Crystal Palace, London | 18 May | John Handley | *Not contested.* | | |
| | | B | *Not contested.* | **Jim Clark** | Royston Carpenter | Gawaine Baillie |
| NC | | Brands Hatch, Kent | 11 July | John Fitzpatrick | **John Whitmore** | *Not contested.* | |
| 7 | | Brands Hatch, Kent | 3 August | John Rhodes | Jim Clark | Chris McLaren | **Jack Sears** |
| 8 | | Oulton Park, Cheshire | 19 September | John Rhodes | **Jim Clark** | Chris McLaren | Jack Brabham |

## Championship results

| Driver's championship  Pos. Driver Car Points  1  Jim Clark Ford Cortina Lotus 48  2  John Fitzpatrick Morris Mini Cooper S 38  3  Mike Young Ford Anglia Super 30  4  Chris McLaren Jaguar Mk II 3.8 26  5  Bob Olthoff Ford Cortina Lotus 24  5  Peter Arundell Ford Cortina Lotus 24  5  Sir Gawaine Baillie Ford Galaxie 24 |  |
| --- | --- |


title: Ann Darr

abstract: Ann Darr was an American poet and educator who lived in Washington, D.C.

text:
# Ann Darr

**Ann Darr** (March 13, 1920  December 2, 2007) was an American poet and educator who lived in Washington, D.C.

## Biography

Born Lois Ann Russell in Bagley, Iowa she studied at the University of Iowa where she graduated in 1941 and also completed Civilian Pilot Training.

After college she began her career as a writer and broadcaster on the NBC Radio daily program *The Women of Tomorrow*.

When war broke out and her husband, enlisted in the Navy, she applied to the Women Airforce Service Pilots program and trained at Sweetwater, TX under pioneering aviator Jacqueline Cochran.

She wrote of her experience as a pilot in her 1978 book *Cleared For Landing* which *The Washington Post''* praised for its "keen perception of the darker side of things."

Darr taught creative writing at American University and at the Writer's Center in Bethesda, Maryland.

She died of Alzheimer's disease and was buried as a veteran in 2007.

## Selected works

## InfoBox

| Lois "Ann" Russell Darr | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1920-03-13)March 13, 1920<br>Bagley, Iowa, U.S. |
| Died | December 2, 2007(2007-12-02) (aged 87) |
| Burial place | Woodlawn Cemetery, Forest Park, Illinois |
| Occupations | * Journalist * broadcaster * pilot * homemaker * poet * writer |
| Spouse | George Darr (divorced) |
| Children | Dr. Elizabeth Darr, Deborah Darr and Shannon Darr |


title: 110th Ohio General Assembly

abstract: The One Hundred Tenth Ohio General Assembly was the legislative body of the state of Ohio in 1973 and 1974. In this General Assembly, the Ohio Senate was controlled by the Republican Party and the Ohio House of Representatives was controlled by the Democratic Party. In the Senate, there were 17 Republicans and 16 Democrats. In the House, there were 59 Democrats and 40 Republicans. This was the first Ohio General Assembly to use redistricted legislative districts from the 1970 United States Census.

text:
# 110th Ohio General Assembly

The **One Hundred Tenth Ohio General Assembly** was the legislative body of the state of Ohio in 1973 and 1974. In this General Assembly, the Ohio Senate was controlled by the Republican Party and the Ohio House of Representatives was controlled by the Democratic Party. In the Senate, there were 17 Republicans and 16 Democrats. In the House, there were 59 Democrats and 40 Republicans. This was the first Ohio General Assembly to use redistricted legislative districts from the 1970 United States Census.

## Major events

### Vacancies

* January 3, 1973: Senator Ralph Regula (R-29th) resigns to take a seat in the United States House of Representatives.
* December 31, 1973: Senator Robert Stockdale (R-31st) resigns due to health problems.
* December 6, 1974: Senator Ron Mottl (D-23rd) resigns to take a seat in the United States House of Representatives.

### Appointments

* January 3, 1973: Richard Reichel is appointed to the 29th Senatorial District.
* January 31, 1973: Charles Bolton is appointed to the 31 Senatorial District.

## Senate

### Leadership

#### Majority leadership

#### Minority leadership

### Members of the 110th Ohio Senate

| District | Senator | Party | First elected |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Howard C. Cook | Republican | 1967 |
| 2 | Paul Gillmor | Republican | 1967 |
| 3 | Ted Gray | Republican | 1967 |
| 4 | Buz Lukens | Republican | 1971 (Appt.) |
| 5 | Clara Weisenborn | Republican | 1967 |
| 6 | Tony P. Hall | Democratic | 1972 |
| 7 | Michael Maloney | Republican | 1967 |
| 8 | Stanley Aronoff | Republican | 1967 |
| 9 | Bill Bowen | Democratic | 1970 (Appt.) |
| 10 | Max Dennis | Republican | 1967 |
| 11 | Marigene Valiquette | Democratic | 1969 (Appt.) |
| 12 | Walter White | Republican | 1972 |
| 13 | Robert J. Corts | Republican | 1968 |
| 14 | Bill Mussey | Republican | 1972 |
| 15 | Robert O'Shaughnessy | Democratic | 1972 (Appt.) |
| 16 | Donald L. Woodland | Democratic | 1972 |
| 17 | Harry Armstrong | Republican | 1967 |
| 18 | Anice Johnson | Republican | 1972 |
| 19 | Tom Van Meter | Republican | 1972 |
| 20 | Robert Secrest | Democratic | 1968 |
| 21 | Morris Jackson | Democratic | 1967 |
| 22 | Anthony O. Calabrese | Democratic | 1967 |
| 23 | Anthony F. Novak | Democratic | 1967 |
| 24 | Ron Mottl | Democratic | 1968 |
| 25 | Paul Matia | Republican | 1970 |
| 26 | Gene Slagle | Democratic | 1972 |
| 27 | Oliver Ocasek | Democratic | 1967 |
| 28 | Dave Headley | Democratic | 1972 |
| 29 | Richard Reichel | Republican | 1973 (Appt.) |
| 30 | Doug Applegate | Democratic | 1968 |
| 31 | Charles Bolton | Republican | 1974 (Appt.) |
| 32 | Tom Carney | Democratic | 1972 |
| 33 | Harry Meshel | Democratic | 1970 |

### Members of the 110th Ohio House of Representatives

| District | Representative | Party | First Elected |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Raymond Luther | Republican | 1970 |
| 2 | John Wargo | Democratic | 1970 |
| 3 | George Mastics | Republican | 1967 |
| 4 | James P. Celebrezze | Democratic | 1967 |
| 5 | Richard F. Celeste | Democratic | 1970 |
| 6 | Patrick Sweeney | Democratic | 1967 |
| 7 | Ken Rocco | Democratic | 1972 |
| 8 | Ed Feighan | Democratic | 1972 |
| 9 | Troy Lee James | Democratic | 1967 |
| 10 | Tom Bell | Democratic | 1972 |
| 11 | Robert Jaskulski | Democratic | 1970 |
| 12 | Donna Pope | Republican | 1972 (Appt.) |
| 13 | Ike Thompson | Democratic | 1970 |
| 14 | John Sweeney | Democratic | 1970 |
| 15 | John Thompson | Democratic | 1970 |
| 16 | Harry Lehman | Democratic | 1970 |
| 17 | Virginia Aveni | Democratic | 1972 |
| 18 | John McCormack | Democratic | 1972 |
| 19 | Richard Finan | Republican | 1972 |
| 20 | John Brandenberg | Republican | 1972 |
| 21 | Norman Murdock | Republican | 1966 |
| 22 | Chester Cruze | Republican | 1968 |
| 23 | William L. Mallory Sr. | Democratic | 1966 |
| 24 | Jim Luken | Democratic | 1972 |
| 25 | James Rankin | Democratic | 1970 |
| 26 | Helen Fix | Republican | 1972 |
| 27 | Alan Norris | Republican | 1966 |
| 28 | Bill O'Neil | Republican |  |
| 29 | William Kopp | Democratic | 1972 |
| 30 | Mike Stinziano | Democratic | 1972 |
| 31 | Phale Hale | Democratic | 1966 |
| 32 | James Baumann | Democratic | 1970 |
| 33 | Mack Pemberton | Republican | 1966 |
| 34 | Ed Orlett | Democratic | 1972 |
| 35 | Tom Fries | Democratic | 1970 |
| 36 | C.J. McLin | Democratic | 1966 |
| 37 | Paul Leonard | Democratic | 1972 |
| 38 | Fred Young | Republican | 1968 |
| 39 | Vernon Cook | Democratic | 1972 |
| 40 | Claude Fiocca | Democratic | 1966 |
| 41 | Kenneth Cox | Democratic | 1972 |
| 42 | Pete Crossland | Democratic | 1972 |
| 43 | Ronald Weyandt | Democratic | 1971 (Appt.) |
| 44 | Richard L. Wittenberg | Democratic | 1972 |
| 45 | Casey Jones | Democratic | 1968 |
| 46 | Arthur Wilkowski | Democratic | 1969 (Appt.) |
| 47 | Barney Quilter | Democratic | 1966 |
| 48 | Dick Maier | Republican | 1972 |
| 49 | Irene Smart | Democratic | 1972 |
| 50 | James Thorpe | Republican | 1966 |
| 51 | Tom Gilmartin | Democratic | 1972 |
| 52 | George D. Tablack | Democratic | 1970 (Appt.) |
| 53 | Leo Camera | Democratic | 1968 |
| 54 | Don Pease | Democratic | 1968 |
| 55 | Bob Nader | Democratic | 1970 |
| 56 | Michael Del Bane | Democratic | 1968 |
| 57 | Bill Donham | Republican | 1972 |
| 58 | Thomas N. Kindness | Republican | 1970 |
| 59 | Joe Tulley | Republican | 1967 |
| 60 | David Hartley | Democratic |  |
| 61 | Joan Douglass | Republican | 1972 |
| 62 | Marcus Roberto | Democratic | 1970 |
| 63 | John Scott | Republican | 1968 |
| 64 | Waldo Rose | Republican | 1972 |
| 65 | Frank H. Mayfield | Republican | 1968 (Appt.) |
| 66 | Larry Hughes | Republican | 1968 |
| 67 | Larry Christman | Democratic |  |
| 68 | John Johnson | Democratic | 1970 |
| 69 | John Galbraith | Republican | 1966 |
| 70 | Robert Levitt | Republican | 1962 |
| 71 | Tom Carney | Democratic | 1972 |
| 72 | Ethel Swanbeck | Republican | 1967 |
| 73 | Corwin Nixon | Republican | 1967 |
| 74 | James Mueller | Democratic | 1970 |
| 75 | Charles Fry | Republican | 1967 |
| 76 | Harry Turner | Republican | 1972 |
| 77 | Joseph Hiestand | Republican | 1967 |
| 78 | Rodney Hughes | Republican | 1967 |
| 79 | Fred Hadley | Republican | 1967 |
| 80 | Dale Locker | Democratic | 1972 |
| 81 | Bob Netzley | Republican | 1967 |
| 82 | Michael Oxley | Republican | 1972 |
| 83 | Charles Kurfess | Republican | 1967 |
| 84 | Fred Deering | Democratic | 1972 |
| 85 | Gene Damschroder | Republican | 1972 |
| 86 | Walter McClaskey | Republican | 1972 |
| 87 | Harry Mallott | Democratic | 1972 |
| 88 | Myrl Shoemaker | Democratic | 1967 |
| 89 | Vern Riffe | Democratic | 1967 |
| 90 | Don Maddux | Democratic | 1968 |
| 91 | Claire Ball | Republican | 1972 |
| 92 | Oakley Collins | Republican | 1972 |
| 93 | William G. Batchelder | Republican | 1968 |
| 94 | Rex Kieffer Jr. | Republican | 1972 |
| 95 | Sam Speck | Republican | 1970 |
| 96 | William Hinig | Democratic | 1967 |
| 97 | Robert Boggs | Democratic | 1972 |
| 98 | Arthur Bowers | Democratic | 1968 |
| 99 | A.G. Lancione | Democratic | 1967 |

Appt.- Member was appointed to current House Seat


title: 10 Serpentis

abstract: 10 Serpentis is a single, white-hued star in Serpens Caput, the western section of the equatorial constellation of Serpens. It is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.15. Located around 129 ly (39.7 pc) distant, it is moving closer to the Sun with a heliocentric radial velocity of −10 km/s and will make its closest approach in around 983,000 years at a separation of about 112 ly (34.2 pc). Abt and Morrell (1995) gave this star a stellar classification of A6 III, matching an evolved red giant star that has used up its core hydrogen. In contrast, Houk and Swift (1999) classed it A7 IV, which is more in line with an evolving subgiant star that is on its way to becoming a giant. It has a high rate of spin with a projected rotational velocity of 115 km/s, giving it an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is an estimated 7% larger than the polar radius. The star is about 424 million years old with 1.64 times the mass of the Sun and is radiating 12 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of roughly 7,872 K.

text:
# 10 Serpentis

**10 Serpentis** is a single, white-hued star in Serpens Caput, the western section of the equatorial constellation of Serpens. It is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.15. Located around 129 ly (39.7 pc) distant, it is moving closer to the Sun with a heliocentric radial velocity of −10 km/s and will make its closest approach in around 983,000 years at a separation of about 112 ly (34.2 pc).

Abt and Morrell (1995) gave this star a stellar classification of A6 III, matching an evolved red giant star that has used up its core hydrogen. In contrast, Houk and Swift (1999) classed it A7 IV, which is more in line with an evolving subgiant star that is on its way to becoming a giant. It has a high rate of spin with a projected rotational velocity of 115 km/s, giving it an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is an estimated 7% larger than the polar radius. The star is about 424 million years old with 1.64 times the mass of the Sun and is radiating 12 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of roughly 7,872 K.

## InfoBox

10 Serpentis
| Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000 | |
| --- | --- |
| Constellation | Serpens |
|
| Right ascension | 15h 28m 38.23670s |
| Declination | +01° 50 31.4852 |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 5.15 |
| Characteristics | |
|
| Spectral type | A6 III or A7 IV |
|
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|
| B−V color index | 0.245±0.005 |
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| Astrometry | |
|  | |
| **Radial velocity (Rv)** | −10.2±2.8 km/s |
| **Proper motion (μ)** | RA: −85.35 mas/yr
Dec.: −34.31 mas/yr |
| **Parallax (π)** | 25.16 ± 0.31 mas |
| **Distance** | 130 ± 2 ly
(39.7 ± 0.5 pc) |
| **Absolute magnitude (MV)** | 2.15 |
|  | |
| Details | |
|  | |
| **Mass** | 1.64 |
| **Luminosity** | 11.9±0.4 |
| **Surface gravity (log *g*)** | 4.24±0.14 cgs |
| **Temperature** | 7,872±268 |
| **Rotational velocity (*v* sin *i*)** | 110 km/s |
| **Age** | 424 Myr |
|  | |
| Other designations | |
| 10 Ser, BD+02° 2965, FK5 3221, HD 137898, HIP 75761, HR 5746, SAO 121020 | |
| Database references | |
| **SIMBAD** | data |


title: 10 Seconds (song)

abstract: "10 Seconds" is a song by American singer Jazmine Sullivan. It was written by Sullivan and Salaam Remi for her second studio album, Love Me Back (2010), with production helmed by the latter. It was released on October 15, 2010, as the album's second single and reached number 15 on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.

text:
# 10 Seconds (song)

"**10 Seconds**" is a song by American singer Jazmine Sullivan. It was written by Sullivan and Salaam Remi for her second studio album, *Love Me Back* (2010), with production helmed by the latter. It was released on October 15, 2010, as the album's second single and reached number 15 on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.

## Background

"10 Seconds" was written by Sullivan and frequent collaborator Salaam Remi for her second studio album, *Love Me Back* (2010). Lyrically, it features the singer telling her man that he has done her wrong too many times and he got only ten seconds to leave, belting, "You broke my heart, with all your lies, you really should look for an exit, 'Cause you running out of time." A soulful throwback track, consisting of layers of instrumentation, it features an urgent piano line and bluesy guitar tussle with saxophones, strings and a flute.

## Music video

The music video for "10 Seconds" was shot in early October 2010 by Benny Boom. It premiered on November 12, 2010, and features an angry Jazmine kidnap her cheating boyfriend and torture him in an old abandoned building. The video begins with Jazmine's boyfriend getting to his car, only to be kidnapped by Sullivan. He is then seen in an abandoned building strapped to a chair with a bomb. When the music starts, Jazmine appears and shows a picture of the man and another girl. On the second verse, Jazmine presses a button that shows videos of him and the girl together. It then shows one of her throwing something at him. At this point she pours a glass of wine on him. When the bridge comes, the man has flashbacks of the things that happened. At the end of the video, when he only has ten seconds before the bomb explodes, Jazmine leaves the room. The man then realizes he was only dreaming.

## Track listing

Digital download 1. "10 Seconds" – 3:07

## Credits and personnel

Credits adapted from the album's liner notes.

* Gleyder "Gee" Disla – recording
* Vincent Henry – instruments
* Salaam Remi – instruments, producer
* Andros Rodriguez – additional recording
* Jazmine Sullivan – vocals, writer

## Charts

## Release history

List of release dates, showing region, and release format
| Region | Date | Format(s) | Label |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| United States | October 15, 2010 | Digital download | J Records |
|

## InfoBox

| "10 Seconds" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Jazmine Sullivan | |
| from the album  *Love Me Back* | |
| Released | October 15, 2010 (2010-10-15) |
| Length | 3:07 |
| Label |  |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | Salaam Remi |
| Jazmine Sullivan singles chronology | |
| "Holding You Down (Goin' In Circles)"
(2010) "**10 Seconds**"
(2010) "Excuse Me"
(2011) | |


title: 1971 in Iceland

abstract: The following lists events that happened in 1971 in Iceland.

text:
# 1971 in Iceland

The following lists events that happened in **1971 in Iceland**.

## Incumbents

## Events

* 14 July  **Ólafur Jóhannesson** succeeds Jóhann Hafstein as the Prime Minister of Iceland, after Hafstein resigns.
* The political environment was generally stable, with the country continuing its policies of economic development and maintaining its unique position between the **United States** and the Soviet Union during the Cold War. Iceland continued to develop its international relations in 1971, participating in various international forums and further establishing its role in global discussions on fishing rights, which would later become pivotal in the Cod Wars.
* Iceland's economy in 1971 was still heavily reliant on fishing, which was the cornerstone of its economy. This year also saw continued efforts to diversify the economy, with increasing emphasis on industrial development, particularly in the aluminum sector.
* Environmental Awareness: This period marked the beginning of more structured environmental awareness in Iceland. The unique ecosystems of the island, from its volcanic landscapes to its geothermal areas, were becoming points of both national pride and conservation efforts.
* **Completion of Búrfell Power Plant**: The Búrfell hydroelectric power station, one of the largest in Iceland, was completed in 1971. This project marked a significant step in the utilization of Iceland's renewable energy resources, particularly its hydroelectric potential.
* **Aviation Development**: the expansion of Keflavík International Airport continued, enhancing its capabilities as both a civilian and military facility. This year also saw improvements in domestic air transport infrastructure, critical for connecting the island’s remote regions.
* **Cultural Festivals and Events**: Iceland hosted several arts and cultural festivals in 1971, which featured traditional Icelandic music, dance, and crafts. These events were pivotal in preserving and promoting Icelandic culture during a time of rapid modernization.
* Several international scientific teams conducting studies, particularly focusing on the volcanic and geothermal activities. This research helped increase understanding of volcanic behaviors and contributed to global geosciences.
* New educational facilities and programs were introduced in 1971 to address the growing needs of Iceland’s population. This included expansions in higher education and vocational training, aimed at supporting the diversifying economy.

## Births

### Full date missing

## Deaths

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Decades: |  |
| See also: |  |


title: El Camino (Adriana Evans album)

abstract: El Camino is the third studio album by American R&B/soul artist Adriana Evans, released in April 2007 under Expansion Records. The album was written and produced by Evans herself, along with music producer husband Jonathan "Dred" Scott. The release features 12 new tracks including the UK singles, "Hey Now", "Before You" and "All for Love", and the stand out ballads "Blue Bird" and "Same As I Ever Was". The album was reissued in Japan and includes extra bonus tracks.

text:
# El Camino (Adriana Evans album)

***El Camino*** is the third studio album by American R&B/soul artist Adriana Evans, released in April 2007 under Expansion Records. The album was written and produced by Evans herself, along with music producer husband Jonathan "Dred" Scott. The release features 12 new tracks including the UK singles, "Hey Now", "Before You" and "All for Love", and the stand out ballads "Blue Bird" and "Same As I Ever Was". The album was reissued in Japan and includes extra bonus tracks.

## Track listing

All tracks written by Adriana Evans and Jonathan "Dred" Scott, unless noted.

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Hey Now" | Jonathan Scott | 3:58 |
| 2. | "All for Love" | Jonathan Scott | 4:25 |
| 3. | "Calling Me" |  | 4:21 |
| 4. | "Underneath the Stars" | Jonathan Scott | 4:46 |
| 5. | "Before You" | Jonathan Scott | 4:22 |
| 6. | "Blue Bird" | Jonathan Scott | 4:45 |
| 7. | "Never Knew" |  | 4:15 |
| 8. | "Blue Bird in Bahia" |  | 3:31 |
| 9. | "World on Fire" |  | 4:14 |
| 10. | "Same as I Ever Was" |  | 4:43 |
| 11. | "Undercover" |  | 3:40 |
| 12. | "El Camino" | Adriana Evans | 2:31 |

Japan Edition bonus tracks
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 13. | "Hey Now (Gota Remix)" | 6:37 |
| 14. | "Hey Now (Electric Remix)" | 3:39 |
| 15. | "All for Love (Backpack Remix)" | 4:46 |

## Personnel

* Adrian Evans: All Vocals
* Jonathan Scott: Producer
* Adriana Evans: Co-producer
* Luke Miller: Keyboards (Tracks 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10)
* Samir Elmehdaoui: Bass Guitar (Tracks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12)
* Bjon Watson: Trumpet (Tracks 2, 6, 10)
* Louis Van Taylor: Flute, Saxophone (Tracks, Flute & Sax: 1, Flute: 3, Flute & Sax: 6)
* David Williams: Mastered
* Preston Boebel: Recorded, Mixed

## Credits

* Producer – Jonathan Dred Scott
* Co-producer – Adriana Evans
* Remix Producers - Gota Yashiki: "Hey Now (Gota Remix)", Johnathan Dred Scott: "Hey Now (Electric Remix)", "All for Love (Backpack Remix")

* Japanese Edition includes 3 bonus tracks

## InfoBox

| El Camino | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Adriana Evans | |
| Released | April 10, 2007 (Europe)
March 18, 2007 (Japan re-issue) |
| Recorded | 2006, 2007
(Clear Lake Audio, Burbank, California) |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 49:31 |
| Label | Expansion Records, Lexingtion |
| Producer | Dred Scott, Adriana Evans |
| Adriana Evans chronology | |
| *Kismet*
(2005) ***El Camino***
(2007) *Walking with the Night*
(2010) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *El Camino* | |
| 1. "Hey Now"
Released: March 2007 2. "All for Love"
Released: 2007 3. "Before You"
Released: 2007 | |
|  | |


title: 1972 Singapore Open

abstract: The 1972 Singapore Open, also known as the 1972 Singapore Open Badminton Championships, took place from 24 to 28 October 1972 at the Singapore Badminton Hall in Singapore.

text:
# 1972 Singapore Open

The **1972 Singapore Open**, also known as the **1972 Singapore Open Badminton Championships**, took place from 24 to 28 October 1972 at the Singapore Badminton Hall in Singapore.

## Final results

| Category | Winners | Runners-up | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Men's singles | Iie Sumirat | Tan Aik Mong | 15–5, 15–11 |
| Women's singles | Intan Nurtjahja | Taty Sumirah | 11–8, 12–11 |
| Men's doubles | Tan Aik Huang & Tan Aik Mong | Ng Boon Bee & Punch Gunalan | 15–11, *retired* |
| Women's doubles | Regina Masli & Intan Nurtjahja | Taty Sumirah & Poppy Tumengkol | 15–4, 10–15, 15–10 |
| Mixed doubles | Johan Wahjudi & Regina Masli | Chirasak Champakao &  Liem Siew Choo | 15–11, 15–7 |

## InfoBox

1972 Singapore Open
| Tournament details | |
| --- | --- |
| Dates | 24 October 1972–
28 October 1972 |
| Edition | 39th |
| Venue | Singapore Badminton Hall |
| Location | Geylang, Singapore |
| Champions | |
| Men's singles | Iie Sumirat |
| Women's singles | Intan Nurtjahja |
| Men's doubles | Tan Aik Huang
Tan Aik Mong |
| Women's doubles | Regina Masli
Intan Nurtjahja |
| Mixed doubles | Johan Wahjudi
Regina Masli |
| 1971 1973 | |


title: 1970 Soviet census

abstract: The Soviet census conducted in January 1970 was the first census held in Soviet Union (USSR) in eleven years.

text:
# 1970 Soviet census

The Soviet census conducted in January 1970 was the first census held in Soviet Union (USSR) in eleven years (since January 1959).

## Summary

The Soviet population in 1970 was recorded as being 241,720,134 people, an increase of over 15% from the 208,826,650 people recorded in the Soviet Union in the 1959 Soviet census.

While there was speculation that ethnic Russians would become a minority in the Soviet Union in 1970, the 1970 census recorded 53% (a bare majority) of the Soviet population as being ethnic Russians. In terms of total numbers, there were 129,015,140 ethnic Russians in the Soviet Union in 1970. Meanwhile, the largest ethnic minorities in the Soviet Union in 1970 were Ukrainians (40,753,246 in total), Uzbeks (9,195,093 in total), Belarusians (9,051,755 in total), Tatars (5,783,111 in total), Kazakhs (5,298,818 in total), and Azeris (4,379,937 in total).

The Jewish population in the Soviet Union unexpectedly declined (by about 5%; from about 2,279,000 to about 2,167,000) between 1959 and 1970, in part due to strong assimilation (especially in the Russian SSR and in the Ukrainian SSR, where three-fourths of all Soviet Jews lived).

The Muslim population in the Central Asian SSRs increased at a faster rate than the ethnic Russian population between 1959 and 1970 due to its higher birth rate. Indeed, the Muslim population grew by 52% between 1959 and 1970 whereas the ethnic Russian population grew by only 13% during the same time period. In addition, the number of certain ethnic minorities originally from China (especially the Uyghurs) increased in the U.S.S.R. between 1959 and 1970 due to many of them fleeing China during this time period. The ethnic Russian population in the Latvian SSR and in the Estonian SSR rapidly increased between 1959 and 1970 (in total numbers and as a percentage of their populations), while the ethnic Russian population increase in the mostly Roman Catholic Lithuanian SSR during this time period was much smaller. In addition, the ethnic German population in the Soviet Union grew by 14% between 1959 and 1970, from 1.6 million to 1.8 million.


title: 1970 St. Louis Cardinals season

abstract: The 1970 St. Louis Cardinals season was the team's 89th season in St. Louis, Missouri, and the 79th season in the National League. The Cardinals went 76–86 during the season and finished fourth in the National League East, 13 games behind the Pittsburgh Pirates. The season was also the first of 26 seasons for AstroTurf at Busch Memorial Stadium.

text:
# 1970 St. Louis Cardinals season

The **1970 St. Louis Cardinals season** was the team's 89th season in St. Louis, Missouri, and the 79th season in the National League. The Cardinals went 76–86 during the season and finished fourth in the National League East, 13 games behind the Pittsburgh Pirates. The season was also the first of 26 seasons for AstroTurf at Busch Memorial Stadium.

## Offseason

### Curt Flood

Curt Flood, because of a salary dispute with Gussie Busch, was traded after the 1969 season but refused to go to the Philadelphia Phillies and on January 16, 1970, filed a civil lawsuit to challenge baseball's reserve clause. The case eventually reached the Supreme Court and, though he lost, paved the way for free agency to change the game.

## Regular season

Bob Gibson won a Gold Glove and the Cy Young Award this year, with a 3.12 ERA, 23 wins, and 274 strikeouts. The Cardinals won only 76 games, their lowest total since the days of the 154-game schedule. Vic Davalillo had 24 pinch hits, breaking the National League record, and tying the Major League record set by Dave Philley in 1961.

Steve Carlton posted one game where he struck out 16 batters.

Third baseman Mike Shannon was limited to 52 games and soon would retire because of a kidney disease that threatened his life.

### Season standings

NL East
| Team |  |  | Pct. | GB | Home | Road |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Pittsburgh Pirates | 89 | 73 | .549 |  | 5032 | 3941 |
| Chicago Cubs | 84 | 78 | .519 | 5 | 4634 | 3844 |
| New York Mets | 83 | 79 | .512 | 6 | 4438 | 3941 |
| St. Louis Cardinals | 76 | 86 | .469 | 13 | 3447 | 4239 |
| Philadelphia Phillies | 73 | 88 | .453 | 15½ | 4040 | 3348 |
| Montreal Expos | 73 | 89 | .451 | 16 | 3941 | 3448 |

### Record vs. opponents

|
Sources: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | ATL | CHC | CIN | HOU | LAD | MON | NYM | PHI | PIT | SD | SF | STL |
| Atlanta |  | 8–4 | 5–13 | 9–9 | 6–12 | 6–6 | 6–6 | 7–5 | 6–6 | 9–9 | 7–11 | 7–5 |
| Chicago | 4–8 |  | 7–5 | 7–5 | 6–6 | 13–5 | 7–11 | 9–9 | 8–10 | 9–3 | 7–5 | 7–11 |
| Cincinnati | 13–5 | 5–7 |  | 15–3 | 13–5 | 7–5 | 8–4 | 7–5 | 8–4 | 8–10 | 9–9 | 9–3 |
| Houston | 9–9 | 5–7 | 3–15 |  | 8–10 | 8–4 | 6–6 | 4–8 | 6–6 | 14–4 | 10–8 | 6–6 |
| Los Angeles | 12–6 | 6–6 | 5–13 | 10–8 |  | 8–4 | 7–5 | 6–5 | 6–6 | 11–7 | 9–9 | 7–5 |
| Montreal | 6–6 | 5–13 | 5–7 | 4–8 | 4–8 |  | 10–8 | 11–7 | 9–9 | 6–6 | 6–6 | 7–11 |
| New York | 6–6 | 11–7 | 4–8 | 6–6 | 5–7 | 8–10 |  | 13–5 | 6–12 | 6–6 | 6–6 | 12–6 |
| Philadelphia | 5-7 | 9–9 | 5–7 | 8–4 | 5–6 | 7–11 | 5–13 |  | 4–14 | 9–3 | 8–4 | 8–10 |
| Pittsburgh | 6–6 | 10–8 | 4–8 | 6–6 | 6–6 | 9–9 | 12–6 | 14–4 |  | 6–6 | 4–8 | 12–6 |
| San Diego | 9–9 | 3–9 | 10–8 | 4–14 | 7–11 | 6–6 | 6–6 | 3–9 | 6–6 |  | 5–13 | 4–8 |
| San Francisco | 11–7 | 5–7 | 9–9 | 8–10 | 9–9 | 6–6 | 6–6 | 4–8 | 8–4 | 13–5 |  | 7–5 |
| St. Louis | 5–7 | 11–7 | 3–9 | 6–6 | 5–7 | 11–7 | 6–12 | 10–8 | 6–12 | 8–4 | 5–7 |  |

### Opening Day starters

### Notable transactions

### Roster

| 1970 St. Louis Cardinals | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Roster** | | | | | | | | | |
| **Pitchers** |  | **Catchers** **Infielders** |  | **Outfielders** **Other batters** |  | **Manager** **Coaches** |

## Player stats

### Batting

#### Starters by position

*Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in*

| Pos | Player | G | AB | H | Avg. | HR | RBI |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| C | Joe Torre | 161 | 624 | 203 | .325 | 21 | 100 |
| 1B | Dick Allen | 122 | 459 | 128 | .279 | 34 | 101 |
| 2B | Julián Javier | 139 | 513 | 129 | .251 | 2 | 42 |
| 3B | Mike Shannon | 55 | 174 | 37 | .213 | 0 | 22 |
| SS | Dal Maxvill | 152 | 399 | 80 | .201 | 0 | 28 |
| LF | Lou Brock | 155 | 664 | 202 | .304 | 13 | 57 |
| CF | José Cardenal | 148 | 552 | 162 | .293 | 10 | 74 |
| RF | Leron Lee | 121 | 264 | 60 | .227 | 6 | 23 |

#### Other batters

*Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in*

| Player | G | AB | H | Avg. | HR | RBI |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Joe Hague | 139 | 451 | 122 | .271 | 14 | 68 |
| Ted Simmons | 82 | 284 | 69 | .243 | 3 | 24 |
| Carl Taylor | 104 | 245 | 61 | .249 | 6 | 45 |
| Vic Davalillo | 111 | 183 | 57 | .311 | 1 | 33 |
| Ed Crosby | 38 | 95 | 24 | .253 | 0 | 6 |
| Milt Ramírez | 62 | 79 | 15 | .190 | 0 | 3 |
| Luis Meléndez | 21 | 70 | 21 | .300 | 0 | 8 |
| Jim Beauchamp | 44 | 58 | 15 | .259 | 1 | 6 |
| Cookie Rojas | 23 | 47 | 5 | .106 | 0 | 2 |
| Phil Gagliano | 18 | 32 | 6 | .188 | 0 | 2 |
| Jim Kennedy | 12 | 24 | 3 | .125 | 0 | 0 |
| Jerry DaVanon | 11 | 18 | 2 | .111 | 0 | 0 |
| José Cruz | 6 | 17 | 6 | .353 | 0 | 1 |
| Jim Campbell | 13 | 13 | 3 | .231 | 0 | 1 |
| Jorge Roque | 5 | 1 | 0 | .000 | 0 | 0 |
| Joe Nossek | 1 | 1 | 0 | .000 | 0 | 0 |
| Bart Zeller | 1 | 0 | 0 | ---- | 0 | 0 |

### Pitching

#### Starting pitchers

*Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts*

| Player | G | IP | W | L | ERA | SO |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Bob Gibson | 34 | 294.0 | 23 | 7 | 3.12 | 274 |
| Steve Carlton | 34 | 253.2 | 10 | 19 | 3.73 | 193 |
| Mike Torrez | 30 | 179.1 | 8 | 10 | 4.22 | 100 |
| Jerry Reuss | 20 | 127.1 | 7 | 8 | 4.10 | 74 |

#### Other pitchers

*Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts*

| Player | G | IP | W | L | ERA | SO |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Chuck Taylor | 56 | 124.1 | 6 | 7 | 3.11 | 64 |
| Nelson Briles | 30 | 106.2 | 6 | 7 | 6.24 | 59 |
| George Culver | 11 | 56.2 | 3 | 3 | 4.61 | 23 |
| Frank Bertaina | 8 | 31.1 | 1 | 2 | 3.16 | 14 |
| Harry Parker | 7 | 22.1 | 1 | 1 | 3.22 | 9 |
| Santiago Guzmán | 8 | 13.2 | 1 | 1 | 7.24 | 9 |
|

#### Relief pitchers

*Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts*

| Player | G | W | L | SV | ERA | SO |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Sal Campisi | 37 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2.92 | 26 |
| Frank Linzy | 47 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 3.67 | 19 |
| Tom Hilgendorf | 23 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 3.92 | 13 |
| Billy McCool | 18 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 6.23 | 12 |
| Reggie Cleveland | 16 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 7.62 | 22 |
| Al Hrabosky | 16 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 4.74 | 12 |
| Bob Chlupsa | 14 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 8.82 | 10 |
| Ted Abernathy | 11 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2.95 | 8 |
| Jerry Johnson | 7 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3.18 | 5 |
| Chuck Hartenstein | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8.78 | 9 |
| Rich Nye | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.50 | 5 |
| Fred Norman | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 |

## Awards and honors

**1970 Major League Baseball All-Star Game**

### Team award winners

## Farm system

| Level | Team | League | Manager |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| AAA | Tulsa Oilers | American Association | Warren Spahn |
| AA | Arkansas Travelers | Texas League | Ken Boyer |
|  | Modesto Reds | California League | Jack Krol |
|  | St. Petersburg Cardinals | Florida State League | Joe Cunningham |
|  | Cedar Rapids Cardinals | Midwest League | Roy Majtyka |
| A-Short Season | Lewis-Clark Broncs | Northwest League | Fred Hatfield |
| Rookie | GCL Cardinals | Gulf Coast League | Tom Burgess |

LEAGUE CHAMPIONS: Lewis-Clark

## InfoBox

| 1970 St. Louis Cardinals | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| League | National League |
| Division | East |
| Ballpark | Busch Memorial Stadium |
| City | St. Louis, Missouri |
| Record | 76–86 (.469) |
| Divisional place | 4th |
| Owners | August "Gussie" Busch |
| General managers | Bing Devine |
| Managers | Red Schoendienst |
| Television | KSD-TV |
| Radio | KMOX
(Jack Buck, Jim Woods) |
|  | |


title: Anna E. Nicholes

abstract: Anna E. Nicholes was an American social reformer, civil servant, and clubwoman associated with women's suffrage and the settlement movement in Chicago. She devoted her life to charitable and philanthropic work.

text:
# Anna E. Nicholes

**Anna E. Nicholes** (May 2, 1865 – July 20, 1917) was an American social reformer, civil servant, and clubwoman associated with women's suffrage and the settlement movement in Chicago. She devoted her life to charitable and philanthropic work.

## Early life and education

Nicholes was born in Chicago, Illinois, May 2, 1865.

She graduated from Englewood High School (renamed Englewood Technical Prep Academy before closure) and afterward from Rockford College (now Rockford University), in Rockford, Illinois, 1886.

## Career

She was a co-founder and the first civic director of the Chicago Woman's Club, as well as a member of its reform department. She was a member of the Englewood Woman's Club, and served as chair of the industrial committee of the Illinois Federation of Women's Clubs. She was a Director of Associated Charities, Englewood District.

Nicholes was a member of the Equal Suffrage Association and of the South Side Suffrage Association.

In 1913, Nicholes became a chosen a member of the Cook County civil service commission, serving as secretary until 1915. Nicholes put life, common sense, and human understanding into a brief career as an officeholder. In one term as county civil service commissioner, she achieved the task of making merit rule. For the time, she revolutionized public employment. In 1915, she resigned for her civil service position in order to continue on with her work at Neighborhood House settlement where Nicholes was a co-founder, and had been head resident for a number of years. She served as director of the Neighborhood House Woman's Club.

She was one of the first persons in the city to encourage the organization of working women. She served as reasurer of the Consumers' League, and as secretary of the Woman's Trade Union League of Illinois. For some time, Nicholes served as editor of the woman's department of the *Union Labor Advocate*, a feminist labor monthly periodical published in Chicago from 1901.

She served the Rockford College Alumnae Association as president and for six years, was a member of the Board of the Chicago Rockford College Association.

## Personal life

Nicholes traveled from the east coast to the west coast of the U.S. In religion, she attended Chicago's Normal Park Presbyterian Church.

Anna E. Nicholes always lived in Chicago. She died July 20, 1917, at her country home near Traverse City, Michigan. She was survived by her sister, S. Grace Nicholes, of Chicago.

## Selected works

While a resident at Neighborhood House Chicago, Nicholes published:

* Nicholes, Anna E., "From School to Work. A Study of the Central Office for issuing Child Labor certificates". Reprint from *Commons* issued by the Illinois Branch of the Consumers' League.
* Nicholes, Anna E., "Votes and Wages for Women". Issued by Illinois Equal Suffrage Association.

## InfoBox

| Anna E. Nicholes | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | May 2, 1865
Chicago, Illinois, U.S. |
| Died | July 20, 1917
Traverse City, Michigan, U.S. |
| Occupations | * social reformer * civil servant * newspaper editor |
| Known for | Neighborhood House Chicago |
| Relatives | S. Grace Nicholes (sister) |


title: Anna Henriques-Nielsen

abstract: Anna Henriques-Nielsen was a Danish stage and film actress. She appeared in 29 films between 1941 and 1958. She was born in Copenhagen, Denmark and died in Denmark.

text:
# Anna Henriques-Nielsen

**Anna Henriques-Nielsen** (8 December 1881  24 December 1962) was a Danish stage and film actress. She appeared in 29 films between 1941 and 1958. She was born in Copenhagen, Denmark and died in Denmark.

## Filmography

## InfoBox

| Anna Henriques-Nielsen | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1881-12-08)8 December 1881
Copenhagen, Denmark |
| Died | 24 December 1962(1962-12-24) (aged 81)
Denmark |
| Occupation | Actress |
| Years active | 1941-1958 |


title: Aneurus fiskei

abstract: Aneurus fiskei is a species of flat bug in the family Aradidae. It is found in Central America and North America.

text:
# Aneurus fiskei

***Aneurus fiskei*** is a species of flat bug in the family Aradidae. It is found in Central America and North America.

## InfoBox

| *Aneurus fiskei* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hemiptera |
| Suborder: | Heteroptera |
| Family: | Aradidae |
| Genus: | *Aneurus* |
| Species: | ***A. fiskei*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Aneurus fiskei***<br>Heidemann, 1904 | |
|


title: Erie Explosion

abstract: The Erie Explosion was a professional American indoor football team based in Erie, Pennsylvania. Founded in 2007 as the Pittsburgh RiverRats, the Explosion played in the Professional Indoor Football League, the United Indoor Football League, the Southern Indoor Football League, the Continental Indoor Football League and the American Indoor Football Association and operated continuously from 2007 to 2015.

text:
# Erie Explosion

The **Erie Explosion** was a professional American indoor football team based in Erie, Pennsylvania. Founded in 2007 as the **Pittsburgh RiverRats**, the Explosion played in the Professional Indoor Football League, the United Indoor Football League, the Southern Indoor Football League, the Continental Indoor Football League and the American Indoor Football Association and operated continuously from 2007 to 2015.

## Franchise history

### 2007

The Explosion began play in 2007 as the **Pittsburgh RiverRats** at the Rostraver Ice Garden in Belle Vernon, Pennsylvania.

The RiverRats played their first game at Tupelo, Mississippi on February 3, 2007, losing 54–34 to the Mississippi Mudcats. Their first home game was on February 18, 2007, which they lost 35–28 to the Reading Express. Pittsburgh won its first home game on March 4, 2007, defeating the Danville Demolition 47–21. On May 19, 2007, the RiverRats set an AIFA single-game record when they scored 86 points.

### 2008: Moving to Erie

On January 8, 2008, the RiverRats announced they would be relocating to Erie in time for the 2008 season, rebranding themselves as the **Erie RiverRats**. They replaced the city's previous AIFA team, the Erie Freeze.

### 2009: Loss of Liotta

In August, 2008, head coach Shawn Liotta resigned as coach of the RiverRats and left to coach the Wheeling Wildcats. In September 2008, the RiverRats named Steven G. Folmar as the franchise's second head coach. In December 2008, owner Jeff Hauser sold the team to a group of local businessmen, headed by Jeff Plyler, Bob Foltyn and Frank Herman. The RiverRats had to replace many players on the roster, as most of the 2008 roster followed Liotta to Wheeling. As a result of all the changes, the RiverRats struggled all season to score points, resulting in offensive coordinator Paul Pennington's resignation after an 03 start. After dropping to 07, the RiverRats got their first win of the season on a last second field goal by Joe Lindway. The RiverRats ended up finishing with a 3–11 record, and missing the playoffs for the first time in franchise history.

### 2010

On September 8, 2009, the RiverRats announced that Liotta would return to Erie as the head coach for the 2010 season. In December, it was announced that owner Jeff Hauser had sold a stake in the franchise to a local group that included Jeff Plyler (owner of Plyler Overhead Door of McKean, Pennsylvania) and Bill Stafford (owner of several Subway restaurant locations in Erie), among others. The team remained in the AIFA, and the team adopted the corporate name "Erie Professional Football, Inc." in December 2009, in anticipation of a new franchise name to be announced in January 2010.

Hauser maintained a smaller stake in the team, which immediately dropped the RiverRats name. On January 5, 2010, the team announced the four finalists of the name-the-team contest; *Storm*, *Blizzard*, *Pulse*, and *Punishers*. On January 14, 2010, the team was officially named the **Erie Storm** via a press conference, in which the team logo and colors were also released.

On May 5, 2010, the Painesville, Ohio-based Lake Erie College sued the team over the "Erie Storm" name because their athletic teams use the "Storm" moniker. In July 2010, they dropped "Storm" in favor of "Erie Professional Football", which remains the name of the team's corporate entity.

### 2011: SIFL

On December 3, 2010, the team announced its new **Erie Explosion** identity, albeit retaining the same color scheme as the Storm. The Explosion was also one of six AIFA teams which merged with the Southern Indoor Football League (SIFL) prior to the 2011 season.

On May 21, 2011, the Explosion set a single-game franchise record, including an indoor football record, for the most points scored in a 138–0 decisive win over the Fayetteville Force. This result was due to the Force's ownership change, with second-string players taking the field. This margin of victory is the third-highest in all of professional football, and the highest in over 100 years. Only the 1904 Massillon Tigers (who won a game 148–0) and the 1904 Watertown Red & Black club (who won a game 142–0) have had wider leads.

The Explosion finished the season with a 94 record, winning the Northeast Division, but were defeated 6843 by the Albany Panthers in the first round of the playoffs. Despite the playoff loss, DiMichele was named SIFL MVP, finishing the season with 91 touchdown passes.

### 2012: UIFL

On August 25, 2011, the Explosion left the SIFL and joined the United Indoor Football League. The change reunited Erie with Andrew Haines, who founded the city's previous indoor football team, the Erie Freeze. (The Explosion's departure came two weeks before the SIFL broke up into the Lone Star Football League and the Professional Indoor Football League, neither of which included Pennsylvania in its territory). Erie was tasked with replacing MVP quarterback DiMichele, who had signed with the Arena Football League's Philadelphia Soul. The job fell on the shoulders of rookie Colton Hansen. In the second game of the season, Hansen struggled in a loss to the Johnstown Generals, and he was replaced by A. J. McKenna. McKenna led the Explosion to an 8–3 regular-season record, losing the top seed in the UIFL North during the last game of the season. While still securing a home playoff game, the Tullio Arena had begun a 45-million-dollar renovation, which forced the Explosion to find a new place to host the game. The Explosion announced that they would play at Erie Cathedral Prep's Dollinger Field. The Explosion trailed going into the fourth quarter against the Marion Blue Racers, but McKenna ignited the Erie offense to 22 points in the final stanza to advance to the UIFL North Conference final.

The Explosion faced the Cincinnati Commandos, who had only lost two games all season, one of which was to Erie. The Commandos defeated the Explosion 62–40 to advance to the Ultimate Bowl.

### 2013: CIFL and Championship

The Explosion left the UIFL after the 2012 season. The team remained idle for about a month, while fielding offers to join four different leagues. Owner Bill Stafford ultimately decided to join the Continental Indoor Football League (CIFL). Liotta needed to replace McKenna, who had left Erie for the Saginaw Sting (also of the CIFL). Liotta chose rookie Aaron Smetanka to lead the Explosion offense, and he did not disappoint. The Explosion finished with an undefeated regular season record of 10-0 securing the 2013 CIFL regular season championship and the #1 seed in the leagues playoff format. The Explosion hosted the Kentucky Xtreme in a league Semi-Final game May 5, 2013. They defeated the Xtreme 55–6. The Explosion defense held the leagues number 1 offense to 1 first down in the first half. The Xtreme did not score until 13 minutes remained in the game. The defensive charge was led by Ricardo Kemp who had 2 interceptions in the game. The Erie Explosion hosted the CIFL championship game on Mothers Day, May 12, 2013, where they beat the Sting, 37–36, to win the 2013 CIFL Championship Game. The 2013 CIFL Championship is the Erie Explosion's first championship, as well as the city of Erie's first championship in any league of indoor football.

### 2014: Back-to-back champions

In June, 2013, the Explosion agreed to terms with the CIFL to return for the 2014 season. The team eventually won a second straight championship over the Marion Blue Racers.

### 2015: PIFL

With the partial collapse of the CIFL in the 2014 season and the exodus of several of its teams to X-League Indoor Football the following offseason, the Explosion were left without a league to play in. On October 13, 2014, the Explosion announced they would be joining the Professional Indoor Football League (PIFL). The team experienced a reversal of fortune upon joining the PIFL, losing all but one of their league games in their first season in the league.

### 2016: Suspension of operations

On August 23, 2015, the Explosion announced that they would rejoin the revived CIFL, which was to be a member of the Indoor Football Alliance. However, the league disbanded on November 4, leaving it uncertain where the Explosion would play in 2016; the Alliance announced it would continue as a six-team league in and of itself, with the Cape Fear Heroes, Explosion, Buffalo Lightning, Atlanta Sharks and two expansion teams playing in the circuit. On January 18, 2016, the Explosion announced they would not participate in a 2016 season, citing an inability to secure medical staff for the upcoming season. WICU-TV reported that the Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine had pulled its sponsorship of the team after a high number of injuries in the 2015 season. With the suspension, 2016 was the first season since 2004 that no indoor football team played in Erie. Professional football has not returned to the city since.

Shawn Liotta went on to become a key figure in the development of Fan Controlled Football, along with his high school coaching.

## Players

### Final roster

| Erie Explosion roster | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Quarterbacks** **Running backs**
* 99 Bob Hammer * 13 Richard Stokes  **Wide receivers** |  | **Offensive linemen*** 78 *Henry Conway* * 52 *Byron Dovales* * 75 Jeremiah Fennell * 78 *Oscar Gonzalez* * 50 *Tyler Worthley*  **Defensive linemen**
* -- Serge Augustin * 2 Tim Green * 11 DaJuan Smith * -- Zach Williams |  | **Linebackers*** 31 Maurice Gibbs  **Defensive backs**
* 7 *Brian Darden* * 21 *Aunre' Davis* * 9 Johnnie Taylor * 20 DeQwan Young  **Kickers**
* -- Michael Georgetti * 14 Shon Rowser |  | **Injured reserve*** 12 Greg Betterson  WR * -- *Marcus Fowler* OL * 31 Marcus Green  LB * 75 LaRoi Johnson OL * 43 Phil Lewis  DL * 1 Jayson Nickson  DB * 3 *Jeff Sinclair*  QB  **Exempt list**
**Failure to report**
* -- Dana Brown DL * -- Andrew Mathis DL * -- Brandon McElwee LB  * *rookies in italics* * Roster updated June 14, 2015 * 28 Active, 11 Inactive |
|

### Awards and honors

The following is a list of all Pittsburgh/Erie players who won league awards

| Season | Player | Position | Award |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2011 | Adam DiMichele | QB | SIFL MVP |
| 2011 | Kevin Concepcion | WR | SIFL Offensive Player of the Year |
| 2012 | A. J. McKenna | QB | UIFL Offensive Player of the Year |
| 2013 | Kwaheem Smith | DB | CIFL Defensive Player of the Year |
| 2014 | Aaron Smentanka | QB | CIFL Offensive Player of the Year |

## Coaches

### Head coaches

| Name | Term | Regular season | | | | Playoffs | | Awards |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | W | L | T | Win% | W | L | |
| Shawn Liotta | 20072008
20102015 | 62 | 34 | 0 | .646 | 5 | 5 | 2012 UIFL North Coach of the Year
2013 CIFL Coach of the Year |
| Steven G. Fulmar | 2009 | 3 | 11 | 0 | .214 | 0 | 0 |  |

### Coaching staff

| **Erie Explosion staff** | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | | | | |
|  | **Front office*** Director of operations – Bill Stafford * Director of game day operations – Katie De Pew * Head coach/director of football operations – Shawn Liotta  **Head coach**
**Offensive coaches** |  |  | **Defensive coaches**
* Defensive coordinator/player personnel – Jeremy Liotta * Defensive backs – Sam Reynolds * Defensive Line Coach- Al MaCauley * Assistant coach- Kirk Rearick  **Special teams coaches**
* Special teams coordinator – Ed Marin |

## Season-by-season

| **League Champions** | **Conference Champions** | **Division Champions** | **Wild Card Berth** | **League Leader** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

| Season | Team | League | Conference | Division | Regular season | | | | Postseason results |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | | | Finish | Wins | Losses | Ties | |
| 2007 | 2007 | AIFA |  | Northern | 4th | 7 | 7 | 0 | **Lost** Quarterfinals (Express) 24–32 |
| 2008 | 2008 | AIFA | Eastern | North | 2nd | 10 | 4 | 0 | **Lost** Divisional Playoffs (Express) 57–67 |
| 2009 | 2009 | AIFA |  | North | 5th | 3 | 11 | 0 |  |
| 2010 | 2010 | AIFA |  | Eastern | 3rd | 8 | 6 | 0 | **Lost** Eastern Division Playoff (Stampede) 48–52 |
| 2011 | 2011 | SIFL | Eastern | Northeast | 1st | 9 | 3 | 0 | **Lost** Round 1 (Panthers) 43–68 |
| 2012 | 2012 | UIFL | North |  | 2nd | 8 | 3 |  | **Won** North Conference Quarterfinals (Blue Racers) 56–47
**Lost** North Conference Championship (Commandos) 42–60 |
| 2013 | 2013 | CIFL |  |  | 1st | 10 | 0 |  | **Won** Semifinals (Xtreme) 55–6
**Won** CIFL Championship Game (Sting) 37–36 |
| 2014 | 2014 | CIFL |  | North | 2nd | 8 | 2 | 0 | **Won** North Division Championship (Sting) 46–15
**Won** CIFL Championship Game (Blue Racers) 38–26 |
| 2015 | 2015 | PIFL |  |  | 7th | 2 | 9 | 0 |  |
| Totals | | | | | | **65** | **45** | **0** | **All-time regular season record (2007–2015)** | | |
| | **5** | **5** | - | **All-time postseason record (2007–2015)** | | |
| | **70** | **50** | **0** | **All-time regular season and postseason record (2007–2015)** | | |
| |

## InfoBox

| Erie Explosion | |
| --- | --- |
| **Established 2007**
**Folded 2015**
**Played** in Erie Insurance Arena in Erie, Pennsylvania | |
|  | |
|  | |
| League/conference affiliations | |
| American Indoor Football Association (2007–2010) * Northern Division (2007) * Eastern Conference (2008)     + North Division (2008–2009) * Eastern Division (2010)  Southern Indoor Football League (2011)
* Eastern Conference (2011)     + Northeast Division (2011)  Ultimate Indoor Football League (2012)
* Northern Conference (2012)  Continental Indoor Football League (2013–2014)
* North Division (2014)  Professional Indoor Football League (2015) | |
| **Current uniform** | |
|  | |
| Team colors | Black, Orange, White
 |
| Cheerleaders | ERIEsistables |
| Personnel | |
| Owner(s) | Bill Stafford |
| General manager | Shawn Liotta |
| Head coach | Shawn Liotta (2007–2008, 2010–2015)
Steven G. Fulmar (2009) |
| Team history | |
| * Pittsburgh RiverRats (2007) * Erie RiverRats (2008–2009) * Erie Storm (2010) * **Erie Explosion (2011–2015)** | |
| Championships | |
| **League championships (2)**
 | |
| **Conference championships (0)**
 | |
| **Division championships (2)**
* 2011, 2013 | |
| Playoff appearances (7) | |
| * AIFA: 2007, 2008, 2010
SIFL: 2011
UIFL: 2012
CIFL: 2013, 2014 | |
| Home arena(s) | |
|  | |


# Diving at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's 3 metre springboard

The men's 3 metre springboard diving competition at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro was held on 15 and 16 August at the Maria Lenk Aquatic Center in Barra da Tijuca.

## Format

The competition was held in three rounds:

* Preliminary round: All 29 divers perform six dives; the top 18 divers advance to the semi-final.
* Semi-final: The 18 divers perform six dives; the scores of the qualifications are erased and the top 12 divers advance to the final.
* Final: The 12 divers perform six dives; the semi-final scores are erased and the top three divers win the gold, silver and bronze medals accordingly.

## Schedule

All times are Brasília time (UTC−3)

| Date | Time | Round |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Monday, 15 August 2016 | 15:15 | Preliminary |
| Tuesday, 16 August 2016 | 10:00
**18:00** | Semifinal
**Final** |

## Results

| Rank | Diver | Nation | Preliminary | | Semifinal | | Final | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | Points | Rank | Points | Rank | Dive 1 | Dive 2 | Dive 3 | Dive 4 | Dive 5 | Dive 6 | Points |
|  | Cao Yuan | China | 498.70 | 1 | 489.10 | 1 | 85.00 | 94.50 | 94.50 | 90.00 | 86.70 | 96.90 | 547.60 |
|  | Jack Laugher | Great Britain | 439.95 | 7 | 389.40 | 12 | 81.60 | 91.00 | 90.10 | 76.05 | 96.90 | 88.20 | 523.85 |
|  | Patrick Hausding | Germany | 440.00 | 6 | 413.50 | 10 | 63.00 | 89.25 | 79.55 | 83.30 | 98.80 | 85.00 | 498.90 |
| 4 | Evgeny Kuznetsov | Russia | 449.90 | 4 | 468.35 | 3 | 81.60 | 76.50 | 68.25 | 90.00 | 70.00 | 95.00 | 481.35 |
| 5 | Kristian Ipsen | United States | 461.35 | 3 | 437.70 | 7 | 72.00 | 75.00 | 72.85 | 89.25 | 77.00 | 89.70 | 475.80 |
| 6 | Illya Kvasha | Ukraine | 398.20 | 15 | 430.05 | 8 | 71.40 | 79.05 | 82.25 | 93.10 | 66.00 | 83.30 | 475.10 |
| 7 | Rommel Pacheco | Mexico | 488.25 | 2 | 469.70 | 2 | 45.90 | 58.50 | 86.70 | 79.20 | 84.00 | 96.90 | 451.20 |
| 8 | Oliver Dingley | Ireland | 399.80 | 13 | 414.25 | 9 | 74.40 | 81.60 | 76.50 | 69.00 | 61.50 | 79.90 | 442.90 |
| 9 | César Castro | Brazil | 398.85 | 14 | 442.45 | 6 | 72.00 | 77.50 | 76.50 | 70.50 | 63.00 | 76.50 | 436.00 |
| 10 | Michael Hixon | United States | 421.60 | 10 | 467.25 | 4 | 60.00 | 81.60 | 85.75 | 77.00 | 62.70 | 64.60 | 431.65 |
| 11 | Philippe Gagne | Canada | 400.75 | 12 | 445.40 | 5 | 72.00 | 63.55 | 73.10 | 71.40 | 64.75 | 80.50 | 425.30 |
| 12 | Sebastián Morales | Colombia | 447.05 | 5 | 406.55 | 11 | 65.10 | 76.50 | 42.00 | 34.20 | 70.20 | 76.50 | 364.50 |
| 13 | Michele Benedetti | Italy | 390.85 | 17 | 387.30 | 13 | Did not advance | | | | | | |
| 14 | Yona Knight-Wisdom | Jamaica | 416.55 | 11 | 381.40 | 14 | Did not advance | | | | | | |
| 15 | Grant Nel | Australia | 395.05 | 16 | 368.35 | 15 | Did not advance | | | | | | |
| 16 | Rodrigo Diego | Mexico | 430.70 | 8 | 356.05 | 16 | Did not advance | | | | | | |
| 17 | Stephan Feck | Germany | 423.50 | 9 | 354.20 | 17 | Did not advance | | | | | | |
| 18 | Ilya Zakharov | Russia | 389.90 | 18 | 345.60 | 18 | Did not advance | | | | | | |
| 19 | Freddie Woodward | Great Britain | 388.15 | 19 | Did not advance | | | | | | | | |
| 20 | Ken Terauchi | Japan | 380.85 | 20 | Did not advance | | | | | | | | |
| 21 | He Chao | China | 380.35 | 21 | Did not advance | | | | | | | | |
| 22 | Sho Sakai | Japan | 373.70 | 22 | Did not advance | | | | | | | | |
| 23 | Matthieu Rosset | France | 373.40 | 23 | Did not advance | | | | | | | | |
| 24 | Woo Ha-ram | South Korea | 364.10 | 24 | Did not advance | | | | | | | | |
| 25 | Youssef Ezzat | Egypt | 360.95 | 25 | Did not advance | | | | | | | | |
| 26 | Kevin Chávez | Australia | 356.55 | 26 | Did not advance | | | | | | | | |
| 27 | Constantin Blaha | Austria | 351.95 | 27 | Did not advance | | | | | | | | |
| 28 | Andrea Chiarabini | Italy | 350.40 | 28 | Did not advance | | | | | | | | |
| 29 | Ahmad Amsyar Azman | Malaysia | 341.70 | 29 | Did not advance | | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

| Men's 3 metre springboard
at the Games of the XXXI Olympiad | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Venue | Maria Lenk Aquatic Center |
| Date | 15–16 August 2016 |
| Competitors | 29 from 20 nations |
| Winning total | 547.60 points |
| Medalists | |
| Cao Yuan  China  Jack Laugher  Great Britain  Patrick Hausding  Germany | |
|


title: Egira rubrica

abstract: Egira rubrica is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae. It is found in North America. The MONA or Hodges number for Egira rubrica is 10514.

text:
# Egira rubrica

***Egira rubrica*** is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae. It is found in North America.

The MONA or Hodges number for *Egira rubrica* is 10514.

## Subspecies

These two subspecies belong to the species *Egira rubrica*:

* *Egira rubrica rubrica*
* *Egira rubrica rubricoides* Barnes & Benjamin, 1924

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| *Egira rubrica* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Noctuidae |
| Tribe: | Orthosiini |
| Genus: | *Egira* |
| Species: | ***E. rubrica*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Egira rubrica***<br>(Harvey, 1878) | |
|


title: 1777 New Jersey gubernatorial election

abstract: The 1777 New Jersey gubernatorial election was held on November 1, 1777, in order to elect the Governor of New Jersey. Incumbent Governor William Livingston was re-elected by the New Jersey General Assembly as he ran unopposed.

text:
# 1777 New Jersey gubernatorial election

The **1777 New Jersey gubernatorial election** was held on November 1, 1777, in order to elect the Governor of New Jersey. Incumbent Governor William Livingston was re-elected by the New Jersey General Assembly as he ran unopposed.

## General election

On election day, November 1, 1777, incumbent Governor William Livingston was unanimously re-elected by the New Jersey General Assembly as he ran unopposed. Livingston was sworn in for his second term that same day.

### Results

New Jersey gubernatorial election, 1777
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Nonpartisan** | **William Livingston (incumbent)** | **37** | **100.00%** |
| Total votes | | | **37** | **100.00%** |
|  | Nonpartisan **hold** | | | |

## InfoBox

1777 New Jersey gubernatorial election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Nominee **William Livingston**    Party Nonpartisan   Popular vote **37**   Percentage **100.00%** | |
| ---  **Governor before election**
William Livingston
Nonpartisan **Elected Governor**
William Livingston
Nonpartisan | |


title: Elmira Sultanovna Ibraimova

abstract:
Elmira Sultanovna Ibraimova is a former Kyrgyz civil servant, politician and deputy prime minister. She is the youngest of three daughters of Sultan Ibraimov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic from 22 December 1978 until his assassination in 1980.
Her sister Ainura, a health professional, served for a time as Kyrgyz deputy minister of health.

text:
# Elmira Sultanovna Ibraimova

**Elmira Sultanovna Ibraimova** (кирг. Эльмира Султан кызы Ибраимова; * April 13, 1962 in Frunze, Kyrgyzstan) is a former Kyrgyz civil servant, politician and deputy prime minister.

She is the youngest of three daughters of Sultan Ibraimov (1927 – 1980), Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic from 22 December 1978 until his assassination in 1980. Her sister Ainura, a health professional, served for a time as Kyrgyz deputy minister of health.

## Early Years

Elmira Sultanovna was born in Frunze while her father was minister of Land Reclamation and Water Management in the government of Bolot Mambetov. She studied at M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University in Moscow, Russia, and obtained there a Master's degree in political economics in June 1984. She then worked seven years (1984–1991) in an electronic machinery plant in Frunze, rising to senior economist in its research & development section. From 1986 to 1991 she was also second secretary of one of the district committees of the Komsomol in Frunze.

## Government Service

Following the Independence of the former Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic on December 15, 1990, as the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, she joined the Kyrgyz civil service in May 1991, where she served until October 1996. There she held various positions in the administration of the national Parliament, culminating with that of Head of the General Administration Department and then Chief of the Secretariat of the Legislative Chamber, the Jogorku Keņesh. This service was interrupted from September 1993 to April 1995 when she studied with a Muskie Fellowship at the University of Massachusetts in Amherst, Massachusetts and obtained there a Master's degree in Public Administration. From October 1996 until December 1998 she was Auditor of the Jogorku Kenesh in the Supreme Auditing Chamber of the Kyrgyz Republic, and subsequently from December 1998 to September 1999 she was Deputy Chief of the Foreign Policy Department in the Administration of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic.

From September 1999 through April 2001 she was her country's Permanent Representative and Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the United Nations in New York.

Following a year without a government appointment, she was named in May 2002 to head the preparation unit for the Village Investment Project under the Prime Minister's Administration, and from October 2003 until 2007 she was executive director of the Community Development and Investment Agency (Agentstvo Razvitiya i Investirovaniya Soobshestv – ARIS) of the Kyrgyz Republic, established to implement this and subsequent rural and community development projects. Under her leadership ARIS became the main agency for implementing foreign aided projects in the rural communities of the country. In 2005 Elmira Sultanovna was one of the recipients of the Prize for Women's Creativity in Rural Life, awarded annually by the Women's World Summit Foundation in Geneva, Switzerland.

When President Kurmanbek Bakiyev, who had come to power in the wake of the Tulip Revolution in 2005, formed the Ak Jol party in October 2007, he asked her to join and to serve as one of its co-chairs. The party won 71 of the 90 seats in the Jogorku Keņesh in the 2007 elections, and Elmira Sultanovna became leader of its parliamentary faction. She subsequently served in Prime Minister Igor Chudinov’s cabinet first as Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs (2007-May 2008) and then as Deputy Prime Minister responsible for the social sectors. She resigned from this position in January 2009 over policy differences and was expelled from the Ak Jol party for publicly criticizing President Bakiyev's policies.

In the provisional government under President Roza Otunbayeva and Prime Minister Almazbek Atambayev of the Social Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan, formed after the Kyrgyz Revolution of 2010 and governing until December 31, 2011, Elmira Sultanovna was briefly one of its members as Coordinator of the Social Sector, Public Relations and Mass Media, until she was reappointed in 2010 to her old position as executive director of ARIS. In November 2012 she was appointed chair of the Chamber of Accounts of the Kyrgyz Republic, where she served until retiring in 2016.


title: Andrea Komáriková

abstract: Andrea Komáriková is a Slovak former footballer who played as a forward. She has been a member of the Slovakia women's national team.

text:
# Andrea Komáriková

**Andrea Komáriková** (born 24 July 1978) is a Slovak former footballer who played as a forward. She has been a member of the Slovakia women's national team.

## InfoBox

Andrea Komáriková
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1978-07-24) 24 July 1978 | | |
| Position(s) | Forward | | |
| International career | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2008–2009 | Slovakia | 2 | (0+) |
| ‡ National team caps and goals, correct as of 23 June 2010 | | | |


title: Edward Moor

abstract: Edward Moor (1771–1848) was a British soldier and Indologist, known for his book The Hindu Pantheon, an early treatment in English of Hinduism as a religion.

text:
# Edward Moor

**Edward Moor** (1771–1848) was a British soldier and Indologist, known for his book *The Hindu Pantheon*, an early treatment in English of Hinduism as a religion.

## Biography

He was a soldier for the East India Company, joining in 1782 as a cadet. He became a brevet-captain in 1796, having been wounded in 1791 at Dooridroog, a hill fort near Bangalore, and Gadjnoor (not Doridroog and Gadjmoor, as stated in the *Dictionary of National Biography*).

He was made a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1806.

He married Elizabeth Lynn on 10 July 1794. She died on 13 December 1835 and was buried in the churchyard at Great Bealings on 19 December 1835.

He retired to Bealings House, Great Bealings, Suffolk in 1806. His son, Canon Edward James Moor (1800–1866) was Rector of Great Bealings from 1844 to 1886.

He died in at the house of his son-in-law, William Page Wood, in Westminster on 26 February 1848 and was buried in the churchyard at Great Bealings on 4 March 1848.

## Bealings Bells

While Major Moor lived in Great Bealings he experienced what he believed was a ghostly ringing of the servants' bells in the house. This began on 2 February 1834 and was alleged to have lasted fifty three days. He described his experiences in the book *Bealings Bells*, published in 1841.

The mysterious bell ringing was sensationalised by paranormal writers as evidence for poltergeist activity. However, the case was critically examined by Trevor H. Hall who concluded that Moor was not a reliable witness and had been duped by one of his servants playing a practical joke. Other writers have suggested that Moor was responsible for the bell ringing and the entire case was a hoax. Author Daniel Cohen wrote that there was "more than a suspicion" that Moor had played a joke on everyone and his book "may have been conceived as a gentle satire on investigations of other odd phenomena."

## Publications

* *The Hindu Pantheon* (1810)
* *Hindu Infanticide* (1811)
* *Suffolk Words and Phrases* (1823)
* *Oriental Fragments* (1834)
* *Bealings Bells* (1841)


title: Albert Engström

abstract: Albert Engström (1869–1940) was a Swedish artist, author and member of the Swedish Academy from 1922.

text:
# Albert Engström

**Albert Engström** (1869–1940) was a Swedish artist, author and member of the Swedish Academy from 1922.

## Author and Artist

Engström was born in Lönneberga, Kalmar County (Småland) but spent most of his childhood in Hult (near Eksjö), where his father was the railroad stationmaster. He graduated from Norrköping secondary school in 1888 and went to Uppsala University the following year to read Latin and Greek, a pursuit which he abandoned after two years. In 1892 he enrolled at the Valand School of Fine Arts in Gothenburg to study under Carl Larsson.

Between 1894 and 1896 Albert Engström was on the editorial staff for the satirical publication *Söndags-Nisse*. In 1897 he founded the humor magazine *Strix*. Among the themes of his many illustrations were those of tramps and drunkards, and indeed alcohol, or rather its adverse effects, featured largely in his humour. One such recurring fictional character was Kolingen.

In a book of autobiographical sketches the author Evert Taube described Engström: "He had a peculiar face with eyes like a bird of Minerva beneath a lofty forehead and bangs . . . a tough but sensitively chiseled nose and faunlike mouth surrounded by a scraggly French goatee — in short, a face that so captivated Swedes that all were compelled to look over to where he sat. He moved as softly and quietly as a bear and had the lanky appearance of a sailor from Småland. One began thinking of shipwrecks and sleigh rides when he entered a room. But he brought to mind other things as well. He could smile just like Velázquez's god of wine and roar with laughter like a roustabout . . ."

Engström coined the word "Grönköping" in 1895 as a caption for some of his drawings, thereby inventing the fictional Swedish town of the same name. In 2002 the CD *Grönköping Tar Ton* was issued in Sweden to commemorate one hundred years of *Grönköpings Veckoblad* (Grönköping's Weekly), a satirical monthly magazine that was founded in 1902. The album, depicting Grönköping in recordings made between 1908 and 1946, is available through iTunes.

Several of Albert Engström's stories have been translated into English and appeared in books and magazines published in England and the United States. Engström was a second cousin once removed to Swedish author Astrid Lindgren.

## Translations

**Charles Wharton Stork**

* Charles XII, Hercules and Gustav Mattson

**E. Sprigge and C. Napier**

* The Grey Seal
* Osarkrak
* A Jest of Janson's
* Swedish Panopticon

**Harold Borland**

* Politeness
* The Journey to Stockholm of Mrs. Holm, the Dean's Wife
* The Power of the Press
* Whitsun
* Söderbom
* The Funeral Hat
* When I was Czar
* A Bookworm
* A Ghost Story
* An Uppsala Memory
* Causerie
* The Unkind Author

**Edith T. Aney and Sven O. Karell**

* Aidesimos of Aleppo
* Moose
* The Mystery of the Three Hundred Cans

**Swedish**

**English**

**Illustrations**

**Lyrics by Albert Engström**

**Song dedicated to Albert Engström**

## InfoBox

| Albert Engström | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Albert Laurentius Johannes Engström
(1869-05-12)12 May 1869
Lönneberga, Kalmar County, Sweden |
| Died | 16 November 1940(1940-11-16) (aged 71)
Stockholm, Sweden |
| Occupation(s) | Author, artist |


title: Don Piccard

abstract: Donald Louis Piccard was a Swiss-born American balloon pioneer, promoter, innovator, designer, builder, and pilot. Piccard was born in Lausanne, Switzerland to Jean Felix Piccard and Jeanette (Ridlon) Piccard. He became a naturalized United States citizen in 1931. Don Piccard first flew in a balloon in 1933, when he was enlisted as "crew" by his mother. She was the first woman to fly to the edge of space and the first American woman to earn a balloon pilot's license. Don Piccard served as a balloon and airship rigger in the United States Navy during World War II and at Naval Air Station Lakehurst during the Korean War.

text:
# Don Piccard

**Donald Louis Piccard** (January 13, 1926 – September 13, 2020) was a Swiss-born American balloon pioneer, promoter, innovator, designer, builder, and pilot.

Piccard was born in Lausanne, Switzerland to Jean Felix Piccard and Jeanette (Ridlon) Piccard. He became a naturalized United States citizen in 1931. Don Piccard first flew in a balloon in 1933, when he was enlisted as "crew" by his mother. She was the first woman to fly to the edge of space and the first American woman to earn a balloon pilot's license. Don Piccard served as a balloon and airship rigger in the United States Navy during World War II and at Naval Air Station Lakehurst during the Korean War.

## First post-World War II balloon free flight

Despite not graduating, Piccard was one of the driving forces behind the ballooning revival after the war while a student at the University of Minnesota. He made the first post-war free flight on February 16, 1947 with a captured Japanese Fu-Go balloon, earning his balloon pilot certification from the Civil Aeronutics Authority.   In 1948, Piccard organized the first balloon club in the United States, the Balloon Club of America. This club, along with the Balloon Flyers of Akron, formed the United States national ballooning organization the Balloon Federation of America.

On August 17, 1959, Piccard flew a red, white and blue balloon basket at a centennial commemoration of John Wise's Jupiter balloon flight of United States mail. In the same basket he set a gas balloon world record altitude of 34,642 feet on July 19, 1961 from Faribault, Minnesota.

Piccard pioneered plastic and Mylar balloons for superpressure balloons. In 1962, he set a new altitude record for a second-class free flight balloon, climbing to 17,000 feet.

## Hot air ballooning

In 1962, he founded the nation's first hot-air balloon race at the St. Paul Winter Carnival. On 13 April 1963, Piccard and Ed Yost were the first people to cross the English Channel in a hot air balloon. Also in 1963 at Kalamazoo, Michigan, Piccard clerked the first National Aeronautic Association-recognized National Hot Air Balloon Championship.

Piccard worked on thermal balloons at Raven Industries from 1962-1964. At Raven, he is credited with making hot air balloons safer by the use of load tapes, lobular gore design, light weight long life fabric and non-conductive materials. Most notably load tapes in the design and construction of balloons receives credit as the single greatest factor in hot air balloon safety and is used in today’s manufacturing. Piccard is also credited with the rapid delation concept, which is superior and safer than the 1970 balloon parachute top design. He also promoted ballooning as a sport and in 1964 started designing balloons through his company Piccard Balloons, eventually incorporating in 1972. In 1985 he sold the Federal Aviation Authority balloon type-certificates to Galaxy Balloons and The Balloon Works.

Piccard appeared as a "Mr. X" guest on *What's My Line* on September 1, 1963, where he stated he was from Sioux Falls, South Dakota. He died in St. Paul, Minnesota in 2020 at the age of 94.

## Piccard Balloons

**Piccard Balloons** was an American manufacturer of hot air balloons. Don Piccard, descended from a long line of aeronauts, built and sold some of the first modern hot air balloons, beginning in the mid-1960s.

## InfoBox

| Don Piccard | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1926-01-13)January 13, 1926
Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland |
| Died | September 13, 2020(2020-09-13) (aged 94)
Saint Paul, Minnesota, US |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | University of Minnesota
Swarthmore College |
| Occupation | Aviator |
| Known for | Balloon pioneer
Montgolfier Diploma (1962) |
| Parents |  |
| Relatives | Auguste Piccard
Jacques Piccard
Bertrand Piccard |


title: Albert Huybrechts (sailor)

abstract: Albert Huybrechts was a Belgian sailor. He competed in the Dragon event at the 1948 Summer Olympics.

text:
# Albert Huybrechts (sailor)

**Albert Huybrechts** (12 February 1915  27 March 1999) was a Belgian sailor. He competed in the Dragon event at the 1948 Summer Olympics.

## InfoBox

Albert Huybrechts
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | Belgian |
| Born | (1915-02-12)12 February 1915<br>Vlissingen, Netherlands |
| Died | 27 March 1999(1999-03-27) (aged 84) |
|  | |
| Sailing career | |
| Class | Dragon |
| Club | Royal Yacht Club of Belgium |
|  | |


title: Anjos do Arrabalde

abstract: Anjos do Arrabalde is a 1987 Brazilian drama film directed by Carlos Reichenbach. The film won several awards at the 1987 Gramado Film Festival, including award for best actress for Betty Faria, and best film. In November 2015, Anjos do Arrabalde was selected by the Brazilian Association of Film Critics (Abraccine) as one of the 100 best Brazilian films of all time.

text:
# Anjos do Arrabalde

***Anjos do Arrabalde*** (English: ***Angels of the Outskirts***) is a 1987 Brazilian drama film directed by Carlos Reichenbach.

The film won several awards at the 1987 *Gramado Film Festival*, including award for best actress for Betty Faria, (co-won with Zezé Motta on Night Angels) and best film.

In November 2015, *Anjos do Arrabalde* was selected by the Brazilian Association of Film Critics (Abraccine) as one of the 100 best Brazilian films of all time.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| Anjos do Arrabalde | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Carlos Reichenbach |
| Written by | Carlos Reichenbach |
| Produced by | Antonio Polo Galante |
| Starring | Betty Faria
Clarisse Abujamra
Irene Stefânia |
| Cinematography | Conrado Sanchez |
| Edited by | Eder Mazzini |
| Music by | Luiz Chagas
Manoel Paiva |
| Distributed by | Embrafilme |
| Release date | * 19 February 1987 (1987-02-19) |
| Running time | 120 minutes |
| Country | Brazil |
| Language | Portuguese |


abstract: The 1947–48 Washington Huskies men's basketball team represented the University of Washington for the 1947–48 NCAA college basketball season. Led by first-year head coach Art McLarney, the Huskies were members of the Pacific Coast Conference and played their home games on campus at Hec Edmundson Pavilion in Seattle, Washington. The Huskies were 19–9 overall in the regular season and 10–6 in conference play; tied with Oregon State for the Northern Division title, which required a one-game playoff. Held at neutral McArthur Court in Eugene, Oregon, the Huskies defeated the injury-hampered Beavers by seventeen points. Washington advanced to the three-game conference championship series at Berkeley against host California, the Southern Division champion. The Golden Bears won the opener, but the Huskies rallied and took the next two for the conference title. It was the first time in fourteen years that a Northern team won the playoff series on a Southern home court. The eight-team NCAA tournament had two regionals with four teams each. Washington fell to Baylor by two points in the opener of the West regional in Kansas City. In the regional third place game, the Huskies defeated Wyoming by ten points. Longtime head coach Hec Edmundson stepped down before this season, but continued as track coach; the twenty-year-old UW Pavilion was renamed for him in January 1948.

text:
# 1947–48 Washington Huskies men's basketball team

1947–48 Pacific Coast Conference men's basketball standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | PCT |  |  | W |  | L |  | PCT |
| North | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Washington | 10 |  | 6 |  | .625 |  |  | 23 |  | 11 |  | .676 |
| Oregon State | 10 |  | 6 |  | .625 |  |  | 21 |  | 13 |  | .618 |
| Washington State | 9 |  | 7 |  | .563 |  |  | 19 |  | 10 |  | .655 |
| Oregon | 8 |  | 8 |  | .500 |  |  | 18 |  | 11 |  | .621 |
| Idaho | 3 |  | 13 |  | .188 |  |  | 17 |  | 15 |  | .531 |
| South | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| California | 11 |  | 1 |  | .917 |  |  | 25 |  | 9 |  | .735 |
| USC | 7 |  | 5 |  | .583 |  |  | 14 |  | 10 |  | .583 |
| UCLA | 3 |  | 9 |  | .250 |  |  | 12 |  | 13 |  | .480 |
| Stanford | 3 |  | 9 |  | .250 |  |  | 15 |  | 11 |  | .577 |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| † Conference playoff series winner
 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The **1947–48 Washington Huskies men's basketball team** represented the University of Washington for the 1947–48 NCAA college basketball season. Led by first-year head coach Art McLarney, the Huskies were members of the Pacific Coast Conference and played their home games on campus at Hec Edmundson Pavilion in Seattle, Washington.

The Huskies were 19–9 overall in the regular season and 10–6 in conference play; tied with Oregon State for the Northern Division title, which required a one-game playoff. Held at neutral McArthur Court in Eugene, Oregon, the Huskies defeated the injury-hampered Beavers by seventeen points.

Washington advanced to the three-game conference championship series at Berkeley against host California, the Southern Division champion. The Golden Bears won the opener, but the Huskies rallied and took the next two for the conference title. It was the first time in fourteen years that a Northern team won the playoff series on a Southern home court.

The eight-team NCAA tournament had two regionals with four teams each. Washington fell to Baylor by two points in the opener of the West regional in Kansas City. In the regional third place game, the Huskies defeated Wyoming by ten points.

Longtime head coach Hec Edmundson stepped down before this season, but continued as track coach; the twenty-year-old UW Pavilion was renamed for him in January 1948.

## Postseason results

| Date
time, TV | Opponent | Result | Record | Site (attendance)
city, state |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Pacific Coast Conference Northern Division Playoff | | | | | |
| Tue, March 9
8:00 pm | vs. Oregon State | **W** 59–42 | 20–9
 | McArthur Court (7,000)
Eugene, Oregon |
| Pacific Coast Conference Playoff Series | | | | | |
| Fri, March 12
8:30 pm | at California
*Game One* | **L** 51–64 | 20–10
 | UC Men's Gym
Berkeley, California |
| Sat, March 13
8:30 pm | at California
*Game Two* | **W** 64–57 | 21–10
 | UC Men's Gym
Berkeley, California |
| Mon, March 15
8:30 pm | at California
*Game Three* | **W** 59–49 | 22–10
 | UC Men's Gym
Berkeley, California |
| NCAA Tournament | | | | | |
| Fri, March 19*
7:30 pm | vs. Baylor
*Regional semifinal* | **L** 62–64 | 22–11
 | Municipal Auditorium (9,700)
Kansas City, Missouri |
| Sat, March 20*
5:45 pm | vs. Wyoming
*Regional third place* | **W** 57–47 | 23–11
 | Municipal Auditorium (9,700)
Kansas City, Missouri |
| *Non-conference game. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses.
All times are in Pacific time. | | | | | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

| 1947–48 Washington Huskies men's basketball | |
| --- | --- |
| Pacific Coast Conference Champions | |
| NCAA tournament, Regional third place | |
| Conference | Pacific Coast Conference |
| Record | 23–11 (10–6 PCC) |
| Head coach |  |
| Home arena | Hec Edmundson Pavilion |
|


title: Ane Santesteban

abstract: Ane Santesteban González is a Spanish racing cyclist, who rides for UCI Women's ContinentalTeam Laboral Kutxa–Fundación Euskadi. She has competed in the women's road race at the UCI Road World Championships on ten occasions between 2009 and 2022, and the road race at the Olympics in 2016 and 2020.

text:
# Ane Santesteban

**Ane Santesteban González** (born 12 December 1990) is a Spanish racing cyclist, who rides for UCI Women's ContinentalTeam Laboral Kutxa–Fundación Euskadi. She has competed in the women's road race at the UCI Road World Championships on ten occasions between 2009 and 2022, and the road race at the Olympics in 2016 and 2020.

## Major results

Source:

2012 3rd Road race, National Road Championships 2013 1st  Road race, National Road Championships 2015 2nd Road race, National Road Championships 6th Overall Tour Cycliste Féminin International de l'Ardèche 6th Overall Giro della Toscana Int. Femminile – Memorial Michela Fanini 2016 5th Grand Prix de Plumelec-Morbihan Dames 9th Overall Gracia–Orlová 9th Durango-Durango Emakumeen Saria 10th Overall Tour Femenino de San Luis 2017 3rd Road race, National Road Championships 4th La Classique Morbihan 6th Durango-Durango Emakumeen Saria 2018 1st  Basque rider classification, Emakumeen Euskal Bira 2nd  Road race, Mediterranean Games 3rd Grand Prix de Plumelec-Morbihan Dames 5th Durango-Durango Emakumeen Saria 5th Giro dell'Emilia Internazionale Donne Elite 6th Overall Women's Tour de Yorkshire 9th Overall Giro Rosa 9th Overall Giro della Toscana Int. Femminile – Memorial Michela Fanini 9th La Course by Le Tour de France 2019 3rd Emakumeen Nafarroako Klasikoa 4th Grand Prix de Plumelec-Morbihan Dames 5th Overall Tour Cycliste Féminin International de l'Ardèche 7th Overall Giro della Toscana Int. Femminile – Memorial Michela Fanini 8th Overall Emakumeen Euskal Bira 1st  Basque rider classification 9th La Course by Le Tour de France 2020 1st  Mountains classification, Setmana Ciclista Valenciana 2nd Road race, National Road Championships 7th Overall Giro Rosa 9th Clasica Femenina Navarra 10th Durango-Durango Emakumeen Saria 2021 2nd Road race, National Road Championships 3rd Overall Tour Cycliste Féminin International de l'Ardèche 9th Emakumeen Nafarroako Klasikoa 9th Durango-Durango Emakumeen Saria 2022 2nd Clasica Femenina Navarra 2nd Gran Premio Ciudad de Eibar 3rd Tre Valli Varesine 6th Overall Challenge by La Vuelta 6th Emakumeen Nafarroako Klasikoa 9th Overall Vuelta a Burgos Feminas 10th La Flèche Wallonne 2023 2nd Durango-Durango Emakumeen Saria 5th Giro dell'Emilia Internazionale Donne Elite 8th Overall Tour de France Femmes 9th Clasica Femenina Navarra 10th Overall Giro Donne 2024 2nd Women Cycling Pro Costa De Almería 6th Grand Prix Féminin de Chambéry 9th Gran Premio Ciudad de Eibar 10th La Flèche Wallonne 10th Trofeo Palma Femina 10th Durango-Durango Emakumeen Saria

## InfoBox

Ane Santesteban
| Santesteban at the 2018 European Road Cycling Championships. | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Full name | Ane Santesteban González |
| Born | (1990-12-12) 12 December 1990<br>Errenteria, Basque Country, Spain |
| Team information | |
| Current team | Laboral Kutxa–Fundación Euskadi |
| Discipline | Road |
| Role | Rider |
| Rider type | Climbing specialist |
| Professional teams | |
| 2009–2011 | Debabarrena–Kirolgi |
| 2012–2013 | Bizkaia–Durango |
| 2014 | Alé–Cipollini |
| 2015 | Inpa Sottoli Giusfredi |
| 2016–2018 | Alé–Cipollini |
| 2019–2020 | WNT–Rotor Pro Cycling |
| 2021–2023 | Team BikeExchange |
| 2024– | Laboral Kutxa–Fundación Euskadi |
|  | |
| Medal record      Representing  Spain  Mediterranean Games  2018 Tarragona Road race | |


title: Architectural forgery in Japan

abstract: In Japan, structural engineers designing structures exceeding a certain floor area or number of storeys must submit drawings and calculations to the authorities, demonstrating that the building is safe "Structural Calculation Forgery Problem" refers to a series of incidents, set off by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport's November 17, 2005, announcement that structural engineer Hidetsugu Aneha of Aneha Architectural Design Office in Chiba Prefecture had falsified earthquake design calculations. A number of Japanese construction and real estate companies have had to declare bankruptcy due to their involvement in the affair, including Kimura Construction and Huser. Note that Aneha is frequently referred to as an architect, as Japan has a unique licensing system where structural engineers designing buildings are registered as first-class architects. It is suggested that one of the causes for the problem was that the oversight agencies responsible for confirming compliance to Japanese safety standards did not detect the forgery. Prior to 1999, oversight was managed solely by regional governments, however, a change made to Japanese law that year allowed private organizations to conduct investigations as well. It was said that these private organizations, such as "EHomes" and "Nihon ERI" did not adequately function in their oversight roles, however, it was later revealed that government oversight agencies had also failed to detect some instances of forgery. Of 14 hotels that had already been built under false pretenses when the problem first came to light, two of them were shown to fail Japan's earthquake resistance standards. Because the concrete had insufficient reinforcing steel, there was a fear that an earthquake of magnitude 5 on the Japanese Shindo scale could cause the buildings to collapse. None of the buildings in question have yet collapsed, but the safety of high-rise buildings in earthquake-prone Japan has been called into question, particularly in the light of the 1995 Sampoong Department Store collapse in Korea. Residents of the areas around the affected buildings live in a constant state of unease, not knowing if or when the buildings will collapse. Some hotels, unable to guarantee the safety of their customers, have ceased operations. As the architect concerned in the matter has participated in the construction of a large number of buildings, the full extent of the problem is still unknown. In Japan, the incident was first publicized by bloggers. Hidetsugu Aneha, Moriyoshi Kimura, Akira Shinozuka and Togo Fujita etc. were arrested on April 26, 2006, and Huser's president Susumu Ojima was arrested on May 17 of the same year.

text:
# Architectural forgery in Japan

In Japan, structural engineers designing structures exceeding a certain floor area or number of storeys must submit drawings and calculations to the authorities, demonstrating that the building is safe (e.g. earthquake-resistant, etc.) "**Structural Calculation Forgery Problem**" (構造計算書偽造問題, *kōzō keisansho gizō mondai*) refers to a series of incidents, set off by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport's November 17, 2005, announcement that structural engineer Hidetsugu Aneha of Aneha Architectural Design Office in Chiba Prefecture had falsified earthquake design calculations. A number of Japanese construction and real estate companies have had to declare bankruptcy due to their involvement in the affair, including Kimura Construction and Huser. Note that Aneha is frequently referred to as an architect, as Japan has a unique licensing system where structural engineers designing buildings are registered as first-class architects.

It is suggested that one of the causes for the problem was that the (privately owned) oversight agencies responsible for confirming compliance to Japanese safety standards did not detect the forgery. Prior to 1999, oversight was managed solely by regional governments, however, a change made to Japanese law that year allowed private organizations to conduct investigations as well. It was said that these private organizations, such as "EHomes" and "Nihon ERI" did not adequately function in their oversight roles, however, it was later revealed that government oversight agencies had also failed to detect some instances of forgery.

Of 14 hotels that had already been built under false pretenses when the problem first came to light, two of them were shown to fail Japan's earthquake resistance standards. Because the concrete had insufficient reinforcing steel, there was a fear that an earthquake of magnitude 5 on the Japanese Shindo scale could cause the buildings to collapse. None of the buildings in question have yet collapsed, but the safety of high-rise buildings in earthquake-prone Japan has been called into question, particularly in the light of the 1995 Sampoong Department Store collapse in Korea.

Residents of the areas around the affected buildings live in a constant state of unease, not knowing if or when the buildings will collapse. Some hotels, unable to guarantee the safety of their customers, have ceased operations.

As the architect concerned in the matter has participated in the construction of a large number of buildings, the full extent of the problem is still unknown. In Japan, the incident was first publicized by bloggers.

Hidetsugu Aneha, Moriyoshi Kimura, Akira Shinozuka and Togo Fujita etc. were arrested on April 26, 2006, and Huser's president Susumu Ojima was arrested on May 17 of the same year.