title: 2017 TheHouse.com 300

abstract: The 2017 TheHouse.com 300 was the 26th stock car race of the 2017 NASCAR Xfinity Series season, the final race of the regular season, and the 17th iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, September 16, 2017, in Joliet, Illinois, at Chicagoland Speedway, a 1.5 miles (2.41 km) tri-oval speedway. The race took the scheduled 200 laps to complete. At race's end, Justin Allgaier, driving for JR Motorsports, would manage to pull away from the field on the final restart with seven to go to win his fifth career NASCAR Xfinity Series victory and his second and final win of the season. To fill out the podium, Kyle Larson, driving for Chip Ganassi Racing, and Elliott Sadler, driving for JR Motorsports, would finish second and third, respectively. The twelve drivers to qualify for the 2017 NASCAR Xfinity Series Chase field were William Byron, Justin Allgaier, Elliott Sadler, Daniel Hemric, Brennan Poole, Ryan Reed, Jeremy Clements, Cole Custer, Blake Koch, Matt Tifft, Brendan Gaughan, and Michael Annett.

text:
# 2017 TheHouse.com 300

The **2017 TheHouse.com 300** was the 26th stock car race of the 2017 NASCAR Xfinity Series season, the final race of the regular season, and the 17th iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, September 16, 2017, in Joliet, Illinois, at Chicagoland Speedway, a 1.5 miles (2.41 km) tri-oval speedway. The race took the scheduled 200 laps to complete. At race's end, Justin Allgaier, driving for JR Motorsports, would manage to pull away from the field on the final restart with seven to go to win his fifth career NASCAR Xfinity Series victory and his second and final win of the season. To fill out the podium, Kyle Larson, driving for Chip Ganassi Racing, and Elliott Sadler, driving for JR Motorsports, would finish second and third, respectively.

The twelve drivers to qualify for the 2017 NASCAR Xfinity Series Chase field were William Byron, Justin Allgaier, Elliott Sadler, Daniel Hemric, Brennan Poole, Ryan Reed, Jeremy Clements, Cole Custer, Blake Koch, Matt Tifft, Brendan Gaughan, and Michael Annett.

## Background

**Chicagoland Speedway** is a 1.5-mile (2.4 km) tri-oval speedway in Joliet, Illinois, southwest of Chicago. The speedway opened in 2001 and currently hosts NASCAR races. Until 2011, the speedway also hosted the IndyCar Series, recording numerous close finishes, including the closest finish in IndyCar history. The speedway is owned and operated by International Speedway Corporation and is located adjacent to Route 66 Raceway.

### Entry list

* **(R)** denotes rookie driver.
* **(i)** denotes driver who is ineligible for series driver points.

| # | Driver | Team | Make | Sponsor |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 0 | Vinnie Miller | JD Motorsports | Chevrolet | JD Motorsports |
| 00 | Cole Custer **(R)** | Stewart-Haas Racing | Ford | Haas Automation |
| 1 | Elliott Sadler | JR Motorsports | Chevrolet | OneMain Financial |
| 01 | Harrison Rhodes | JD Motorsports | Chevrolet | JD Motorsports |
| 2 | Austin Dillon **(i)** | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | Rheem, Smurfit Kappa |
| 3 | Ty Dillon **(i)** | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | Quanta Services |
| 4 | Ross Chastain | JD Motorsports | Chevrolet | Gerber Collision & Glass |
| 5 | Michael Annett | JR Motorsports | Chevrolet | Pilot Flying J |
| 7 | Justin Allgaier | JR Motorsports | Chevrolet | Brandt Professional Agriculture "Celebrating the Future of Ag" |
| 07 | Spencer Boyd | SS-Green Light Racing | Chevrolet | Grunt Style "This We'll Defend" |
| 8 | B. J. McLeod | B. J. McLeod Motorsports | Chevrolet | Keen Parts |
| 9 | William Byron **(R)** | JR Motorsports | Chevrolet | Axalta, James Hardie Industries |
| 11 | Blake Koch | Kaulig Racing | Chevrolet | Congrats LeafFilter Digital Marketing |
| 13 | Timmy Hill | MBM Motorsports | Dodge | MBM Motorsports |
| 14 | J. J. Yeley | TriStar Motorsports | Toyota | Superior Essex |
| 15 | Matt Mills **(i)** | JD Motorsports | Chevrolet | JD Motorsports |
| 16 | Ryan Reed | Roush Fenway Racing | Ford | Lilly Diabetes |
| 18 | Daniel Suárez **(i)** | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | Comcast Business "Built For Speed" |
| 19 | Matt Tifft **(R)** | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, American Brain Tumor Association |
| 20 | Erik Jones **(i)** | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | GameStop, NBA 2K18 |
| 21 | Daniel Hemric **(R)** | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | Blue Gate Bank |
| 22 | Ryan Blaney **(i)** | Team Penske | Ford | Discount Tire |
| 23 | Spencer Gallagher **(R)** | GMS Racing | Chevrolet | Allegiant Air |
| 25 | Chris Cockrum | Chris Cockrum Racing | Chevrolet | Advanced Communications Group |
| 28 | Dakoda Armstrong | JGL Racing | Toyota | WinField United |
| 33 | Brandon Jones | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | Menards, NIBCO |
| 39 | Ryan Sieg | RSS Racing | Chevrolet | PYT Sports |
| 40 | Garrett Smithley | MBM Motorsports | Toyota | MBM Motorsports |
| 42 | Kyle Larson **(i)** | Chip Ganassi Racing | Chevrolet | Eneos |
| 48 | Brennan Poole | Chip Ganassi Racing | Chevrolet | DC Solar |
| 51 | Jeremy Clements | Jeremy Clements Racing | Chevrolet | RepairableVehicles.com |
| 52 | Joey Gase | Jimmy Means Racing | Chevrolet | Pro Master, Eternal Fan |
| 62 | Brendan Gaughan | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | South Point Hotel, Casino & Spa |
| 74 | Mike Harmon | Mike Harmon Racing | Dodge | Veterans Motorsports Inc., AFM Graphics |
| 78 | Josh Bilicki | B. J. McLeod Motorsports | Chevrolet | Prevagen |
| 89 | Morgan Shepherd | Shepherd Racing Ventures | Chevrolet | Racing with Jesus, Visone RV |
| 90 | Mario Gosselin | King Autosport | Chevrolet | King Autosport |
| 93 | Jeff Green | RSS Racing | Chevrolet | RSS Racing |
| 98 | Bubba Wallace | Biagi-DenBeste Racing | Ford | Nickelodeon Green Slime |
| 99 | David Starr | BJMM with SS-Green Light Racing | Chevrolet | General RV Center |
| Official entry list | | | | |

## Practice

### First practice

The first practice session was held on Friday, September 15, at 1:00 PM CST. The session would last for 55 minutes. Brandon Jones, driving for Richard Childress Racing, would set the fastest time in the session, with a lap of 30.961 and an average speed of 174.413 mph (280.691 km/h).

| Pos. | # | Driver | Team | Make | Time | Speed |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 33 | Brandon Jones | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 30.961 | 174.413 |
| 2 | 20 | Erik Jones **(i)** | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | 31.099 | 173.639 |
| 3 | 19 | Matt Tifft **(R)** | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | 31.128 | 173.477 |
| Full first practice results | | | | | | |

### Second and final practice

The final practice session, sometimes known as Happy Hour, was held on Friday, September 15, at 3:00 PM CST. The session would last for 50 minutes. Erik Jones, driving for Joe Gibbs Racing, would set the fastest time in the session, with a lap of 31.158 and an average speed of 173.310 mph (278.915 km/h).

| Pos. | # | Driver | Team | Make | Time | Speed |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 20 | Erik Jones **(i)** | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | 31.158 | 173.310 |
| 2 | 23 | Spencer Gallagher **(R)** | GMS Racing | Chevrolet | 31.326 | 172.381 |
| 3 | 18 | Daniel Suárez **(i)** | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | 31.337 | 172.320 |
| Full Happy Hour practice results | | | | | | |

## Qualifying

Qualifying was held on Saturday, September 16, at 11:35 AM CST. Since Chicagoland Speedway is under 2 miles (3.2 km) in length, the qualifying system was a multi-car system that included three rounds. The first round was 15 minutes, where every driver would be able to set a lap within the 15 minutes. Then, the second round would consist of the fastest 24 cars in Round 1, and drivers would have 10 minutes to set a lap. Round 3 consisted of the fastest 12 drivers from Round 2, and the drivers would have 5 minutes to set a time. Whoever was fastest in Round 3 would win the pole.

Erik Jones, driving for Joe Gibbs Racing, would win the pole after setting a time of 30.469 and an average speed of 177.229 mph (285.222 km/h) in the third round.

No drivers would fail to qualify.

### Full qualifying results

| Pos. | # | Driver | Team | Make | Time (R1) | Speed (R1) | Time (R2) | Speed (R2) | Time (R3) | Speed (R3) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 20 | Erik Jones **(i)** | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | 30.595 | 176.499 | **30.397** | **177.649** | 30.469 | 177.229 |
| 2 | 18 | Daniel Suárez **(i)** | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | 30.778 | 175.450 | 30.553 | 176.742 | 30.512 | 176.980 |
| 3 | 42 | Kyle Larson **(i)** | Chip Ganassi Racing | Chevrolet | **30.594** | **176.505** | 30.434 | 177.433 | 30.543 | 176.800 |
| 4 | 22 | Ryan Blaney **(i)** | Team Penske | Ford | 30.760 | 175.553 | 30.600 | 176.471 | 30.556 | 176.725 |
| 5 | 00 | Cole Custer **(R)** | Stewart-Haas Racing | Ford | 30.743 | 175.650 | 30.575 | 176.615 | 30.595 | 176.499 |
| 6 | 1 | Elliott Sadler | JR Motorsports | Chevrolet | 30.794 | 175.359 | 30.801 | 175.319 | 30.758 | 175.564 |
| 7 | 19 | Matt Tifft **(R)** | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | 30.882 | 174.859 | 30.681 | 176.005 | 30.829 | 175.160 |
| 8 | 9 | William Byron **(R)** | JR Motorsports | Chevrolet | 31.094 | 173.667 | 30.710 | 175.838 | 30.835 | 175.126 |
| 9 | 21 | Daniel Hemric **(R)** | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 30.936 | 174.554 | 30.746 | 175.633 | 30.856 | 175.006 |
| 10 | 16 | Ryan Reed | Roush Fenway Racing | Ford | 31.305 | 172.496 | 30.837 | 175.114 | 30.959 | 174.424 |
| 11 | 11 | Blake Koch | Kaulig Racing | Chevrolet | 30.979 | 174.312 | 30.789 | 175.387 | 31.038 | 173.980 |
| 12 | 48 | Brennan Poole | Chip Ganassi Racing | Chevrolet | 31.108 | 173.589 | 30.720 | 175.781 | 31.086 | 173.712 |
| Eliminated in Round 2 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 13 | 2 | Austin Dillon **(i)** | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 31.194 | 173.110 | 30.847 | 175.058 | - | - |
| 14 | 7 | Justin Allgaier | JR Motorsports | Chevrolet | 30.985 | 174.278 | 30.878 | 174.882 | - | - |
| 15 | 33 | Brandon Jones | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 31.583 | 170.978 | 30.936 | 174.554 | - | - |
| 16 | 98 | Bubba Wallace | Biagi-DenBeste Racing | Ford | 31.155 | 173.327 | 30.944 | 174.509 | - | - |
| 17 | 3 | Ty Dillon **(i)** | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 31.060 | 173.857 | 30.968 | 174.374 | - | - |
| 18 | 5 | Michael Annett | JR Motorsports | Chevrolet | 31.046 | 173.935 | 31.090 | 173.689 | - | - |
| 19 | 62 | Brendan Gaughan | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 31.122 | 173.511 | 31.154 | 173.332 | - | - |
| 20 | 28 | Dakoda Armstrong | JGL Racing | Toyota | 31.616 | 170.800 | 31.169 | 173.249 | - | - |
| 21 | 4 | Ross Chastain | JD Motorsports | Chevrolet | 31.428 | 171.821 | 31.220 | 172.966 | - | - |
| 22 | 39 | Ryan Sieg | RSS Racing | Chevrolet | 31.258 | 172.756 | 31.464 | 171.625 | - | - |
| 23 | 51 | Jeremy Clements | Jeremy Clements Racing | Chevrolet | 31.601 | 170.881 | 31.527 | 171.282 | - | - |
| 24 | 23 | Spencer Gallagher **(R)** | GMS Racing | Chevrolet | 31.278 | 172.645 | - | - | - | - |
| Eliminated in Round 1 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 25 | 14 | J. J. Yeley | TriStar Motorsports | Toyota | 31.754 | 170.057 | - | - | - | - |
| 26 | 8 | B. J. McLeod | B. J. McLeod Motorsports | Chevrolet | 31.826 | 169.673 | - | - | - | - |
| 27 | 01 | Harrison Rhodes | JD Motorsports | Chevrolet | 31.892 | 169.321 | - | - | - | - |
| 28 | 13 | Timmy Hill | MBM Motorsports | Dodge | 32.158 | 167.921 | - | - | - | - |
| 29 | 52 | Joey Gase | Jimmy Means Racing | Chevrolet | 32.159 | 167.916 | - | - | - | - |
| 30 | 78 | Josh Bilicki | B. J. McLeod Motorsports | Chevrolet | 32.222 | 167.587 | - | - | - | - |
| 31 | 0 | Vinnie Miller | JD Motorsports | Chevrolet | 32.234 | 167.525 | - | - | - | - |
| 32 | 90 | Mario Gosselin | King Autosport | Chevrolet | 32.244 | 167.473 | - | - | - | - |
| 33 | 40 | Garrett Smithley | MBM Motorsports | Toyota | 32.292 | 167.224 | - | - | - | - |
| Qualified by owner's points | | | | | | | | | | |
| 34 | 99 | David Starr | BJMM with SS-Green Light Racing | Chevrolet | 32.363 | 166.857 | - | - | - | - |
| 35 | 25 | Chris Cockrum | Chris Cockrum Racing | Chevrolet | 32.533 | 165.985 | - | - | - | - |
| 36 | 93 | Jeff Green | RSS Racing | Chevrolet | 32.700 | 165.138 | - | - | - | - |
| 37 | 07 | Spencer Boyd | SS-Green Light Racing | Chevrolet | 33.017 | 163.552 | - | - | - | - |
| 38 | 89 | Morgan Shepherd | Shepherd Racing Ventures | Chevrolet | 33.142 | 162.935 | - | - | - | - |
| 39 | 74 | Mike Harmon | Mike Harmon Racing | Dodge | 33.178 | 162.758 | - | - | - | - |
| 40 | 15 | Matt Mills **(i)** | JD Motorsports | Chevrolet | 35.479 | 152.203 | - | - | - | - |
| Official qualifying results | | | | | | | | | | |
| Official starting lineup | | | | | | | | | | |

## Race results

**Stage 1** *Laps: 45*

| Pos. | # | Driver | Team | Make | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 20 | Erik Jones **(i)** | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | 0 |
| 2 | 42 | Kyle Larson **(i)** | Chip Ganassi Racing | Chevrolet | 0 |
| 3 | 00 | Cole Custer **(R)** | Stewart-Haas Racing | Ford | 8 |
| 4 | 22 | Ryan Blaney **(i)** | Team Penske | Ford | 0 |
| 5 | 18 | Daniel Suárez **(i)** | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | 0 |
| 6 | 1 | Elliott Sadler | JR Motorsports | Chevrolet | 5 |
| 7 | 7 | Justin Allgaier | JR Motorsports | Chevrolet | 4 |
| 8 | 19 | Matt Tifft **(R)** | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | 3 |
| 9 | 2 | Austin Dillon **(i)** | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 0 |
| 10 | 21 | Daniel Hemric **(R)** | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 1 |

**Stage 2** *Laps: 45*

| Pos. | # | Driver | Team | Make | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 20 | Erik Jones **(i)** | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | 0 |
| 2 | 00 | Cole Custer **(R)** | Stewart-Haas Racing | Ford |  |
| 3 | 22 | Ryan Blaney **(i)** | Team Penske | Ford | 9 |
| 4 | 42 | Kyle Larson **(i)** | Chip Ganassi Racing | Chevrolet | 0 |
| 5 | 1 | Elliott Sadler | JR Motorsports | Chevrolet | 6 |
| 6 | 18 | Daniel Suárez **(i)** | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | 0 |
| 7 | 2 | Austin Dillon **(i)** | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 0 |
| 8 | 7 | Justin Allgaier | JR Motorsports | Chevrolet | 3 |
| 9 | 3 | Ty Dillon **(i)** | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 0 |
| 10 | 19 | Matt Tifft **(R)** | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | 1 |

**Stage 3** *Laps: 110*

| Fin | St | # | Driver | Team | Make | Laps | Led | Status | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 14 | 7 | Justin Allgaier | JR Motorsports | Chevrolet | 200 | 15 | running | 47 |
| 2 | 3 | 42 | Kyle Larson **(i)** | Chip Ganassi Racing | Chevrolet | 200 | 22 | running | 0 |
| 3 | 6 | 1 | Elliott Sadler | JR Motorsports | Chevrolet | 200 | 0 | running | 45 |
| 4 | 9 | 21 | Daniel Hemric **(R)** | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 200 | 0 | running | 34 |
| 5 | 13 | 2 | Austin Dillon **(i)** | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 200 | 0 | running | 0 |
| 6 | 7 | 19 | Matt Tifft **(R)** | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | 200 | 0 | running | 35 |
| 7 | 5 | 00 | Cole Custer **(R)** | Stewart-Haas Racing | Ford | 200 | 41 | running | 47 |
| 8 | 17 | 3 | Ty Dillon **(i)** | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 200 | 0 | running | 0 |
| 9 | 11 | 11 | Blake Koch | Kaulig Racing | Chevrolet | 200 | 0 | running | 28 |
| 10 | 16 | 98 | Bubba Wallace | Biagi-DenBeste Racing | Ford | 200 | 0 | running | 27 |
| 11 | 12 | 48 | Brennan Poole | Chip Ganassi Racing | Chevrolet | 200 | 0 | running | 26 |
| 12 | 15 | 33 | Brandon Jones | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 200 | 0 | running | 25 |
| 13 | 19 | 62 | Brendan Gaughan | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 200 | 0 | running | 24 |
| 14 | 24 | 23 | Spencer Gallagher **(R)** | GMS Racing | Chevrolet | 200 | 0 | running | 23 |
| 15 | 18 | 5 | Michael Annett | JR Motorsports | Chevrolet | 200 | 0 | running | 22 |
| 16 | 20 | 28 | Dakoda Armstrong | JGL Racing | Toyota | 200 | 0 | running | 21 |
| 17 | 10 | 16 | Ryan Reed | Roush Fenway Racing | Ford | 200 | 0 | running | 20 |
| 18 | 1 | 20 | Erik Jones **(i)** | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | 200 | 94 | running | 0 |
| 19 | 2 | 18 | Daniel Suárez **(i)** | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | 199 | 0 | running | 0 |
| 20 | 23 | 51 | Jeremy Clements | Jeremy Clements Racing | Chevrolet | 199 | 0 | running | 17 |
| 21 | 25 | 14 | J. J. Yeley | TriStar Motorsports | Toyota | 198 | 0 | running | 16 |
| 22 | 34 | 99 | David Starr | BJMM with SS-Green Light Racing | Chevrolet | 197 | 0 | running | 15 |
| 23 | 21 | 4 | Ross Chastain | JD Motorsports | Chevrolet | 196 | 0 | running | 14 |
| 24 | 22 | 39 | Ryan Sieg | RSS Racing | Chevrolet | 196 | 0 | running | 13 |
| 25 | 27 | 01 | Harrison Rhodes | JD Motorsports | Chevrolet | 196 | 0 | running | 12 |
| 26 | 4 | 22 | Ryan Blaney **(i)** | Team Penske | Ford | 196 | 28 | running | 0 |
| 27 | 29 | 52 | Joey Gase | Jimmy Means Racing | Chevrolet | 196 | 0 | running | 10 |
| 28 | 37 | 07 | Spencer Boyd | SS-Green Light Racing | Chevrolet | 194 | 0 | running | 9 |
| 29 | 31 | 0 | Vinnie Miller | JD Motorsports | Chevrolet | 193 | 0 | running | 8 |
| 30 | 35 | 25 | Chris Cockrum | Chris Cockrum Racing | Chevrolet | 193 | 0 | running | 7 |
| 31 | 32 | 90 | Mario Gosselin | King Autosport | Chevrolet | 184 | 0 | running | 6 |
| 32 | 39 | 74 | Mike Harmon | Mike Harmon Racing | Dodge | 184 | 0 | running | 5 |
| 33 | 8 | 9 | William Byron **(R)** | JR Motorsports | Chevrolet | 166 | 0 | transmission | 4 |
| 34 | 30 | 78 | Josh Bilicki | B. J. McLeod Motorsports | Chevrolet | 152 | 0 | electrical | 3 |
| 35 | 26 | 8 | B. J. McLeod | B. J. McLeod Motorsports | Chevrolet | 86 | 0 | engine | 2 |
| 36 | 28 | 13 | Timmy Hill | MBM Motorsports | Dodge | 33 | 0 | vibration | 1 |
| 37 | 33 | 40 | Garrett Smithley | MBM Motorsports | Toyota | 24 | 0 | engine | 1 |
| 38 | 38 | 89 | Morgan Shepherd | Shepherd Racing Ventures | Chevrolet | 23 | 0 | handling | 1 |
| 39 | 36 | 93 | Jeff Green | RSS Racing | Chevrolet | 8 | 0 | brakes | 1 |
| 40 | 40 | 15 | Matt Mills **(i)** | JD Motorsports | Chevrolet | 3 | 0 | vibration | 0 |
| Official race results | | | | | | | | | |

## Standings after the race

## InfoBox

2017 TheHouse.com 300
| Race details | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Race 26 of 33 in the 2017 NASCAR Xfinity Series | | | |
| Date | September 16, 2017 | | |
| Official name | 17th Annual TheHouse.com 300 | | |
| Location | Joliet, Illinois, Chicagoland Speedway | | |
| Course | Permanent racing facility<br>1.5 mi (2.41 km) | | |
| Distance | 200 laps, 300 mi (482.803 km) | | |
| Scheduled Distance | 200 laps, 300 mi (482.803 km) | | |
| Average speed | 133.218 miles per hour (214.394 km/h) | | |
| Pole position | | | |
| Driver |  | Joe Gibbs Racing |
| Time | 30.469 | | |
| Most laps led | | | |
| Driver | Erik Jones | Joe Gibbs Racing |
| Laps | 94 | | |
| Winner | | | |
| No. 7 | Justin Allgaier | JR Motorsports |
| Television in the United States | | | |
| Network | NBCSN | | |
| Announcers | Rick Allen, Jeff Burton, Steve Letarte | | |
| Radio in the United States | | | |
| Radio | Motor Racing Network | | |


# 1957 Guild of Television Producers and Directors Awards

The 1957 Guild of Television Producers and Directors Awards were the third annual giving of the awards which later became known as the British Academy Television Awards.

## Winners

## InfoBox

| Guild of Television Producers and Directors Awards | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | 1957 |
| Highlights | |
| Best Actor | Michael Gough |
| Best Actress | Rosalie Crutchley |
|


title: Embassy of the Philippines, Warsaw

abstract: The Embassy of the Philippines in Warsaw is the diplomatic mission of the Republic of the Philippines to the Republic of Poland. It is located on ul. Stanisława Lentza 11 in the Wilanów district of south Warsaw, near the Wilanów Palace. Although the current embassy dates from 2009, the Philippines also maintained a previous resident embassy in Poland in the early 1990s.

text:
# Embassy of the Philippines, Warsaw

The **Embassy of the Philippines in Warsaw** is the diplomatic mission of the Republic of the Philippines to the Republic of Poland. It is located on ul. Stanisława Lentza 11 in the Wilanów district of south Warsaw, near the Wilanów Palace. Although the current embassy dates from 2009, the Philippines also maintained a previous resident embassy in Poland in the early 1990s.

## History

The Philippines did not initially open a resident mission in Poland when diplomatic relations between the Philippines and Poland were established on September 22, 1973. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were originally conducted via the Philippine Embassy in The Hague, which maintained jurisdiction over Poland until 1982, when jurisdiction was transferred to the Philippine Embassy in East Berlin. In 1991, with the democratization of Poland, jurisdiction was transferred to the Philippines' newly opened resident embassy in Warsaw.

Financial difficulties forced the closure of the embassy in 1993, with jurisdiction transferred to the Philippine Embassy in Budapest. In 2002 columnist Amando Doronila, writing in the *Philippine Daily Inquirer*, questioned the wisdom of closing the embassy at a time when the Philippine foreign service was being downsized despite the subsequent rise of Polish influence in Europe since then, as well as its eventual accession to the European Union in 2004. While there was no resident embassy in Poland, the Philippines conducted diplomatic relations in the country through an honorary consulate based in Warsaw. A second honorary consulate was opened in Wrocław in 2005, with jurisdiction over Poland's southern voivodeships.

On September 6, 2009, the Philippine Embassy in Warsaw was opened at its current location, around the same time new resident embassies in Ireland, Finland and Portugal were also opened. Alejandro del Rosario, who at the time was completing his deployment as Philippine Ambassador to Hungary, was appointed as the mission's first ambassador, ostensibly out of the need to open the post as soon as possible, and the honorary consulate in Warsaw was moved to Poznań. The opening of the mission was not without controversy: in 2010, Senator Franklin Drilon questioned the need for embassies in countries with small Filipino communities, including Poland, and called for a review of the Philippines' diplomatic presence worldwide. This led to the closure of ten posts in 2012, including the closure of the Philippine Embassy in Stockholm on October 31, 2012, which had jurisdiction over Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. Jurisdiction over the three countries was subsequently transferred to the Philippine Embassy in Warsaw the following year.

In 2018, the Embassy's jurisdiction was widened to include Ukraine, which had previously been under the jurisdiction of the Philippine Embassy in Moscow.

## Staff and activities

The Philippine Embassy in Warsaw is currently headed by Ambassador Leah B. Ruiz, who was appointed to the position by President Rodrigo Duterte on December 19, 2018. Prior to becoming Ambassador, Ruiz, a career diplomat, was deployed to the Philippine Embassy in Beirut as Ambassador to Lebanon, the first Filipina to hold the position. Her appointment was confirmed by the Commission on Appointments on February 5, 2019, and she presented her credentials to Polish President Andrzej Duda on July 11, 2019. The Warsaw mission is one of the Philippines' smaller diplomatic missions, with a total of eight staff members.

Many of the Embassy's activities are connected to strengthening the deepening economic and cultural ties between the Philippines and Poland. Among these include holding regular meetings with Polish government officials on furthering economic relations, sponsoring showings of Philippine traditional culture in Polish museums, and promoting the country as a tourist destination for Poles. In addition to these activities, the Embassy regularly holds events and other activities for Filipinos in Poland, including holding free Polish language classes for Overseas Filipino Workers, hosting community town halls on matters of importance, and organizing Filipino cultural events like poetry readings.

During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Embassy was instrumental in the evacuation and repatriation of Filipinos in the war-torn country. It sent a consular team to Lviv in Western Ukraine and immediately established an emergency contact base in the city.

## InfoBox

| Embassy of the Philippines, Warsaw
***Pasuguan ng Pilipinas sa Barsobya***
***Ambasada Filipin w Warszawie***
 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | Warsaw |
| Address | ul. Stanisława Lentza 11 |
| Coordinates | 52°10′22.65″N 21°4′35.47″E / 52.1729583°N 21.0765194°E / 52.1729583; 21.0765194 |
| Ambassador | Leah B. Ruiz |
| Website | http://warsawpe.dfa.gov.ph |


title: 1966 Gillette Cup

abstract: The 1966 Gillette Cup was the fourth Gillette Cup, an English limited overs county cricket tournament. It was held between 28 April and 3 September 1966. The tournament was won by Warwickshire County Cricket Club in the final at Lord's.

text:
# 1966 Gillette Cup

The **1966 Gillette Cup** was the fourth Gillette Cup, an English limited overs county cricket tournament. It was held between 28 April and 3 September 1966. The tournament was won by Warwickshire County Cricket Club in the final at Lord's.

## Format

The 17 first-class counties, were joined by five Minor Counties: Berkshire, Cheshire, Hertfordshire, Lincolnshire and Suffolk. Teams who won in the first round progressed to the second round. The winners in the second round then progressed to the quarter-final stage. Winners from the quarter-finals then progressed to the semi-finals from which the winners then went on to the final at Lord's which was held on 3 September 1966.

## First round

---

---

---

---

---

* Reserve day used

## Second round

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

## Quarter-finals

---

---

---

## Semi-finals

---

## Final

## InfoBox

1966 Gillette Cup
| Administrator(s) | Marylebone Cricket Club |
| --- | --- |
| Cricket format | Limited overs cricket(60 overs per innings) |
| Tournament format(s) | Knockout |
| Champions | Warwickshire (1st title) |
| Participants | 22 |
| Matches | 21 |
| Most runs | 299 – Dennis Amiss (Warwickshire) |
| Most wickets | 10 – Bill Alley (Somerset)
10 – David Brown (Warwickshire)
10 – Roy Palmer (Somerset) |
|


title: 2008 GCC U-23 Championship

abstract: The 2008 GCC U-23 Championship took place in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia for the first time. Five nations took part. The competition was held in Riyadh from 6 to 17 January. Saudi Arabia won the title after defeating Bahrain 1–0 on the final matchday.

text:
# 2008 GCC U-23 Championship

The **2008 GCC U-23 Championship** took place in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia for the first time. Five nations took part. The competition was held in Riyadh from 6 to 17 January. Saudi Arabia won the title after defeating Bahrain 1–0 on the final matchday.

## Venues

| Riyadh | Riyadh |
| --- | --- |
| | Prince Faisal bin Fahd Stadium |
| | Capacity: **22,500** |
| |

## Teams

| Team | Previous appearances in tournament |
| --- | --- |
| Bahrain | 0 (debut) |
| Kuwait | 0 (debut) |
| Qatar | 0 (debut) |
| Oman | 0 (debut) |
| Saudi Arabia (host) | 0 (debut) |

## Tournament

The teams played a single round-robin style competition. The team achieving first place in the overall standings was the tournament winner.

*All times are local, AST (UTC+3).*

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Saudi Arabia | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 7 | 2 | +5 | **10** |
| Bahrain | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 4 | +2 | **7** |
| Qatar | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 5 | +3 | **5** |
| Oman | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 4 | 7 | –3 | **3** |
| Kuwait | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 10 | –7 | **3** |

## Matches

| Oman | 0–1 | Saudi Arabia |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report | Al-Salem  51' |

Prince Faisal bin Fahd Stadium, Riyadh

| Kuwait | 2–1 | Qatar |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Al-Awadi  74'
Zaki  76' |  | Ismail  28' |

Prince Faisal bin Fahd Stadium, Riyadh

---

| Bahrain | 2–1 | Oman |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Al-Dakeel  25'
Gambar  82' |  | M. Al-Balushi  62' |

Prince Faisal bin Fahd Stadium, Riyadh

| Qatar | 2–2 | Saudi Arabia |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Ismail  44'
Al Yazeedi  75' | Report | Al-Dawsari  56'
Al-Kalthem  90+3' |

Prince Faisal bin Fahd Stadium, Riyadh

---

| Bahrain | 3–1 | Kuwait |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Al-Dakeel  29'
Ali  85'
Abbas  89' |  | Al Hadhoud  67' |

Prince Faisal bin Fahd Stadium, Riyadh

| Oman | 0–4 | Qatar |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  | Ismail  2'
Lutfi  76'
Al Allaq  88', 90' |

Prince Faisal bin Fahd Stadium, Riyadh

---

| Kuwait | 0–3 | Saudi Arabia |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  | Al-Qarni  26'
Al-Salem  81', 89' |

Prince Faisal bin Fahd Stadium, Riyadh

| Qatar | 1–1 | Bahrain |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Al Allaq  86' |  | Abbas  8' (pen.) |

Prince Faisal bin Fahd Stadium, Riyadh

---

| Oman | 3–0 | Kuwait |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Al Ghailani  31'
Al-Mukhaini  49'
Mubarak  83' |  |  |

Prince Faisal bin Fahd Stadium, Riyadh

| Saudi Arabia | 1–0 | Bahrain |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Al-Bishi  50' (pen.) | Report |  |

Prince Faisal bin Fahd Stadium, Riyadh

## Statistics

### Goalscorers

There have been 28 goals scored in 10 matches, for an average of 2.8 goals per match.

**3 goals**

**2 goals**

**1 goal**

### Awards

Player of the Tournament Golden Boot Golden Glove   1. "حامد إسماعيل توّج بلقبي الهداف والأفضلية".
2. "انطلاق بطولة الخليج الأولى للمنتخبات الأولمبية اليوم".
3. "السعودي زعيماً للخليج".

## InfoBox

2008 GCC U-23 Championship
| البطولة الخليجية للمنتخبات تحت 23 سنة لكرة القدم (in Arabic) | |
| --- | --- |
| Tournament details | |
| Host country | Saudi Arabia |
| Dates | 6–17 January |
| Teams | 5 (from 1 confederation) |
| Venue(s) | 1 (in 1 host city) |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | Saudi Arabia (1st title) |
| Runners-up | Bahrain |
| Third place | Qatar |
| Fourth place | Oman |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 10 |
| Goals scored | 28 (2.8 per match) |
| Top scorer(s) | Mousa Al Allaq
Hamid Ismail
Yousef Al-Salem
(3 goals each) |
| Best player(s) | Hamid Ismail |
| Best goalkeeper | Waleed Abdullah |
| Fair play award | Saudi Arabia |
|


title: Eulimene

abstract:
Eulimene was the name of two characters in Greek mythology.
  - Eulimene, the Nereid of good harborage and one of the 50 sea-nymph daughters of the 'Old Man of the Sea' Nereus and the Oceanid Doris.
  - Eulimene of Crete, daughter of Cydon, and the girl who was betrothed to Apterus. In spite of this betrothal, she had an affair with another man, Lycastus. When Cydon consulted the oracles to discover how to beat his enemies, they told him to sacrifice a virgin. He cast lots on all the virgins of the area, and the fatal lot was cast upon his own daughter. Even though Lycastus confessed to having slept with her, she was still condemned to death, after which an examination of her body proved that she had been pregnant. Apterus murdered Lycastus after the pregnancy of Eulimene was revealed, and he went into exile to Xanthus at Termera in Lycia.

text:
# Eulimene

**Eulimene** (Ancient Greek: Εὐλιμήνη *Eulimenê* means 'she of good haven' or 'good-harbour-woman') was the name of two characters in Greek mythology.

* Eulimene, the Nereid of good harborage and one of the 50 sea-nymph daughters of the 'Old Man of the Sea' Nereus and the Oceanid Doris.
* Eulimene of Crete, daughter of Cydon, and the girl who was betrothed to Apterus (who was the most famous man among the Cretans). In spite of this betrothal, she had an affair with another man, Lycastus. When Cydon consulted the oracles to discover how to beat his enemies, they told him to sacrifice a virgin. He cast lots on all the virgins of the area, and the fatal lot was cast upon his own daughter. Even though Lycastus confessed to having slept with her, she was still condemned to death, after which an examination of her body proved that she had been pregnant. Apterus murdered Lycastus after the pregnancy of Eulimene was revealed, and he went into exile to Xanthus at Termera in Lycia.


title: Emma V. Day

abstract: Emma V. Day was an American Christian missionary. In 1874, she married David A. Day of the Lutheran Mission of Africa for the Evangelical Lutheran General Synod of the United States of America. On the establishment of their home at the Muhlenberg Mission in Liberia, Africa, she took upon herself the training of the children. Two of the Day's own children were born in Africa. In 1894, her health declined and she returned to the US where she died in 1895, near Lewisburg, Pennsylvania.

text:
# Emma V. Day

**Emma V. Day** (née, **Winegarden**; June 10, 1853 – August 10, 1895) was an American Christian missionary. In 1874, she married David A. Day of the Lutheran Mission of Africa for the Evangelical Lutheran General Synod of the United States of America. On the establishment of their home at the Muhlenberg Mission in Liberia, Africa, she took upon herself the training of the children. Two of the Day's own children were born in Africa. In 1894, her health declined and she returned to the US where she died in 1895, near Lewisburg, Pennsylvania.

## Early life

Emily (nickname, "Emma") Virginia Winegarden was born June 10, 1853, in Philadelphia. Her mother died when she was an infant, and she was adopted by an aunt. When quite young she became an active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

## Career

In spring 1874, Day married David A. Day, of the Lutheran Mission to Africa, and then transferred her membership to the Evangelical Lutheran Church.

Immediately after their marriage, they sailed from New York City to Liberia. Her life thereafter was associated with the development of the Muhlenberg Mission connected with the Lutheran Church. For 21 years, she worked to train the girls in tasks such as dressmaking. She spoke of the Liberian people as "her people", expecting to give her life to their welfare.

## Personal life

Three children were born to the Days. Two of them, Gilbert (d. 1877) and Florence (d. 1878) were born, died, and were buried at the mission. The third, Leila (d. 1890) was born in the US while Day was on a vacation. She returned with Day to Liberia at eight years of age, but died within a year and was buried beside the other two children. During her missionary career, Day crossed the Atlantic ocean five times.

The Days returned to the US on furloughs in 1879 and in 1883.

## Death and legacy

In 1894, Day returned to the US alone to recuperate from ill health. Her husband accompanied his wife to the port, both believing they would never see each other again. Her last letter to her husband, shortly before her death, expressed a fear that he might desire to come home on her account. She wrote, "Do not come home; stay where you are; Africa needs you more than I do."

Day, on her return to the US from Africa, was without a permanent home. She died at the residence of a relative, near Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, on August 10, 1895. The cause of her death was consumption, brought on by African fever.

Day was buried in a borrowed grave. Her interment took place under the care of Dr. Stall, at Mifflinburg, Pennsylvania. Later, her husband requested to have her body exhumed and buried in the cemetery at Selinsgrove, Pennsylvania, which occurred on November 25, 1896. The epitaph on the tomb she shared with her husband read in part:—

> "Africa weeps."
> Emma V. Day, wife of Rev. David A. Day, D. D.
> Born June 10, 1853 - Died August 10, 1895,
> Aged 42 years and 8 months.

The Emma V. Day Memorial Fund, toward the establishment of a hospital, and the Emma V. Day Industrial School Fund, toward the education of indigenous African girls for mission work, are named after her. By 1898, a hospital building was added to "The Emma V. Day Memorial Industrial School for Girls".

1. Logan, Mrs John A. (1912). "EMMA V. DAY.". *The Part Taken by Women in American History*. Perry-Nalle publishing Company. pp. 515–16. Retrieved 4 June 2022.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
2. "Rev. David A Day and Emily (Emma) Day Gravesite". *lutheranhistoricalsociety.com*. Lutheran Historical Society of the Mid Atlantic. 16 January 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2022.
3. Gracey, Mrs J. T. (1898). "MRS. EMMA V. DAY. TWENTY-ONE YEARS A MISSIONARY TO AFRICA.". *Eminent Missionary Women*. Eaton & Mains. pp. 141–45. ISBN 978-0-8370-6056-9. Retrieved 4 June 2022.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
4. Laury, Preston A. (1905). *A History of Lutheran Missions*. Pilger Publishing House. pp. 206–07, 210, 308–09. Retrieved 4 June 2022.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
5. Dimm, J. R. (30 December 1904). "AN ERROR CORRECTED". *The Lutheran Observer*. **72**. B. Kurtz: 6. Retrieved 4 June 2022.
6. "INTERNATIONAL DEPARTMENT". *The Missionary Review of the World*. **21**. Missionary Review Publishing Company, Incorporated: 210. March 1898. Retrieved 4 June 2022.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

## InfoBox

| Emma V. Day | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Personal | |
| Born | Emily Virginia Winegarden
June 10, 1853
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| Died | August 10, 1895
near Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| Resting place | Selinsgrove, Pennsylvania |
| Religion | Christianity |
| Spouse | David A. Day (m. 1874) |
| Children | 3 |
| Denomination | Evangelical Lutheran General Synod of the United States of America |
| Profession | missionary |
| Senior posting | |
| Profession | missionary |


title: 1998 IGA Tennis Classic

abstract: The 1998 IGA Tennis Classic was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at The Greens Country Club in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma in the United States that was part of Tier III of the 1998 WTA Tour. It was the 13th edition of the tournament and was held from February 23 through March 1, 1998.

text:
# 1998 IGA Tennis Classic

The **1998 IGA Tennis Classic** was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at The Greens Country Club in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma in the United States that was part of Tier III of the 1998 WTA Tour. It was the 13th edition of the tournament and was held from February 23 through March 1, 1998.

## Finals

### Singles

Venus Williams defeated  Joannette Kruger 6–3, 6–2

* It was Williams' first singles title of her career.

### Doubles

Serena Williams /  Venus Williams defeated  Cătălina Cristea /  Kristine Kunce 7–5, 6–2

* It was Serena Williams' 1st title of the year and the 1st of her career. It was Venus Williams' 2nd title of the year and the 2nd of her career.

## InfoBox

| 1998 IGA Tennis Classic | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | February 23 – March 1 |
| Edition | 13th |
| Category | Tier III |
| Draw | 30S / 16D |
| Prize money | $164,250 |
| Surface | Hard / indoor |
| Location | Oklahoma City, OK, U.S. |
| Champions | |
| Singles | |
| Venus Williams | |
| Doubles | |
| Serena Williams /  Venus Williams | |
|  | |


title: 1957 Grand National

abstract: The 1957 Grand National was the 111th renewal of the Grand National horse race that took place at Aintree near Liverpool, England, on 29 March 1957. It was won by 20/1 shot Sundew, having led the field for much of the race. Sundew was ridden by jockey Fred Winter and trained by Frank Hudson. It was Winter's third attempt at winning the Grand National, and Sundew had run in the steeplechase twice before. Thirty-five horses ran, including last year's winner E.S.B. all returned safely to the stables.

text:
# 1957 Grand National

| External videos | |
| --- | --- |
| Highlights of the 1957 Grand National (British Pathé) | |

The **1957 Grand National** was the 111th renewal of the Grand National horse race that took place at Aintree near Liverpool, England, on 29 March 1957.

It was won by 20/1 shot Sundew, having led the field for much of the race. Sundew was ridden by jockey Fred Winter and trained by Frank Hudson. It was Winter's third attempt at winning the Grand National, and Sundew had run in the steeplechase twice before.

Thirty-five horses ran, including last year's winner E.S.B. all returned safely to the stables.

## Finishing order

| Position | Name | Jockey | Age | Handicap (st-lb) | SP | Distance |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 01 | Sundew | Fred Winter | 11 | 11-7 | 20/1 | 8 Lengths |
| 02 | Wyndburgh | Michael Batchelor | 7 | 10-7 | 25/1 | 6 Lengths |
| 03 | Tiberetta | Alan Oughton | 9 | 10-0 | 66/1 |  |
| 04 | Glorious Twelfth | Jumbo Wilkinson | 8 | 11-1 | 100/8 |  |
| 05 | The Crofter | Jimmy Power | 9 | 10-0 | 66/1 |  |
| 06 | Goosander | Johnny East | 9 | 11-7 | 5/1 |  |
| 07 | Sydney Jones | Michael Tory | 10 | 10-12 | 25/1 |  |
| 08 | ESB | David Dick | 11 | 11-13 | 20/1 |  |
| 09 | Merry Throw | Tim Brookshaw | 9 | 10-12 | 40/1 |  |
| 10 | Sandy Jane II | Bobby Beasley | 10 | 10-2 | 40/1 |  |
| 11 | Gentle Moya | George Milburn | 11 | 10-6 | 28/1 | Last to Complete |
|

## Non-finishers

| Fence | Name | Jockey | Age | Handicap (st-lb) | SP | Fate |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 01 | Hart Royal | Peter Pickford | 9 | 10-10 | 100/7 | Fell |
| 01 | Virginius | Alan Lillingston | 8 | 10-12 | 50/1 | Fell |
| 01 | Rendezvous III | Arthur Freeman | 9 | 10-6 | 20/1 | Brought Down |
| 03 | Go-Well | Piers Bengough | 9 | 10-9 | 66/1 | Fell |
| 04 | Armorial III | Johnny Bullock | 8 | 11-1 | 50/1 | Fell |
| 05 | Waking | Tony Pearn | 13 | 10-5 | 66/1 | Fell |
| 06 | Cherry Abbot | Grenville Underwood | 12 | 10-0 | 66/1 | Fell |
| 06 | Irish Lizard | David Nicholson | 14 | 10-2 | 66/1 | Fell |
| 06 | Royal Tan | Tosse Taaffe | 13 | 11-12 | 28/1 | Carried Out |
| 08 | Fahrenheit | T O'Brien | 10 | 10-0 | 66/1 | Fell |
| 08 | Morrcator | Leo McMorrow | 10 | 10-0 | 50/1 | Fell |
| 09 | Wild Wisdom | Luther Bridge | 12 | 10-1 | 66/1 | Pulled Up |
| 10 | Red Menace | Lawrence Wigham | 8 | 10-0 | 33/1 | Fell |
| 10 | Carey's Cottage | Tommy Shone | 10 | 10-6 | 50/1 | Refused |
| 11 | Clearing | Bob Curson | 10 | 10-1 | 45/1 | Fell |
| 11 | Much Obliged | Michael Scudamore | 9 | 11-4 | 10/1 | Fell |
| 11 | Felias | Bill Rees | 9 | 10-5 | 45/1 | Brought Down |
| 11 | Tutto | Johnny Lehane | 10 | 10-6 | 100/6 | Fell |
| 11 | Iceclough | Pat Taaffe | 11 | 11-3 | 28/1 | Brought Down |
| 16 | Monkey Wrench | Rex Hamey | 12 | 10-0 | 66/1 | Pulled Up |
| 20 | Rose Park | Graham Nicholls | 11 | 11-13 | 28/1 | Pulled Up |
| 25 | Athenian | Derek Ancil | 8 | 10-7 | 66/1 | Fell |
| 28 | Four Ten | Bert Morrow | 11 | 11-11 | 50/1 | Fell |
| 30 | China Clipper II | Major WD Gibson | 10 | 10-3 | 66/1 | Fell |
|

## InfoBox

1957 Grand National
| Grand National | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Aintree Racecourse |
| Date | 29 March 1957 |
| Winning horse | Sundew |
| Starting price | 20/1 |
| Jockey | Fred Winter |
| Trainer | Frank Hudson |
| Owner | Mrs. Geoffrey Khon |
| Conditions | Good |
|  | |


title: Apostolic Nunciature to Flanders

abstract: The Apostolic Nunciature to Flanders was the diplomatic mission of the Holy See to the Habsburg Netherlands. The diplomatic representative entrusted with this mission was an Apostolic Nuncio with the rank of an ambassador. The office came into existence in 1593 but fell into abeyance after 1634. It was recreated in 1725 and continued to 1795, ending with the annexation of the Austrian Netherlands to France.

text:
# Apostolic Nunciature to Flanders

The **Apostolic Nunciature to Flanders** was the diplomatic mission of the Holy See to the Habsburg Netherlands (a predecessor state of modern Belgium commonly referred to as "Flanders" from its component part, the County of Flanders). The diplomatic representative entrusted with this mission was an Apostolic Nuncio with the rank of an ambassador. The office came into existence in 1593 but fell into abeyance after 1634. It was recreated in 1725 and continued to 1795, ending with the annexation of the Austrian Netherlands to France.

## Nuncios

### Spanish Netherlands

### Austrian Netherlands


title: 2008 GMAC Bowl

abstract: The 2008 GMAC Bowl was an American college football bowl game. It was part of the 2007 NCAA Division I FBS football season and was the ninth annual playing of the game. It was played on January 6, 2008, at Ladd–Peebles Stadium in Mobile, Alabama, and featured the Bowling Green Falcons against the Tulsa Golden Hurricane.

text:
# 2008 GMAC Bowl

The **2008 GMAC Bowl** was an American college football bowl game. It was part of the 2007 NCAA Division I FBS football season and was the ninth annual playing of the game. It was played on January 6, 2008, at Ladd–Peebles Stadium in Mobile, Alabama, and featured the Bowling Green Falcons against the Tulsa Golden Hurricane.

## InfoBox

| 2008 GMAC Bowl | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| 1 2 3 4 Total  **Bowling Green** 0 0 7 0 7  **Tulsa** 21 14 14 14 63 | |
| Date | January 6, 2008 |
| Season | 2007 |
| Stadium | Ladd–Peebles Stadium |
| Location | Mobile, Alabama |
| Favorite | Tulsa by 4½ |
| Attendance | 36,932 |
| Payout | US$750,000 per team |
| United States TV coverage | |
| Network | ESPN |
| Announcers | Bob Wischusen, Andre Ware, Joe Schad |
|


title: 2007 Tour de San Luis

abstract: The 2007 Tour de San Luis was a men's road cycling race held from 23 to 28 January 2007 in Argentina. It was a multiple stage race over a prologue and five stages with a total of 625 kilometres.

text:
# 2007 Tour de San Luis

The **2007 Tour de San Luis** was a men's road cycling race held from 23 to 28 January 2007 in Argentina. It was a multiple stage race over a prologue and five stages with a total of 625 kilometres.

## Stage summary

| **Stage** | **Date** | **Start** | **Finish** | **Distance** | **Stage Top 3** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| P | 23 January | San Luis | San Luis | 4 km | Fernando Antogna
Matías Médici
Martín Garrido |
| 1 | 24 January | San Luis | Villa Mercedes | 165 km | Ángel Colla
Fabio Masotti
Martín Garrido |
| 2 | 25 January | San Luis | Quines | 165 km | Fernando Antogna
Armando Ariel Borrajo
Diego Simeani |
| 3 | 26 January | San Luis | Mirador | 11 km | Jorge Giacinti
Gabriel Brizuela
Matías Médici |
| 4 | 27 January | La Toma | Merlo | 160 km | Ricardo Riccò
Juan Pablo Magallanes
Martín Garrido |
| 5 | 28 January | San Luis | San Luis | 120 km | Daniel Moreno
Fausto Esparza
Diego Simeani |

## General Classification

| **Pos** | **Rider** | **Time** |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Jorge Giacinti | 14:40.14 |
| 2 | Fernando Antogna | \+ 0.37 |
| 3 | Francisco Mancebo | \+ 0.55 |
| 4 | Gabriel Brizuela | \+ 1.08 |
| 5 | Krasimir Vasilev | \+ 1.12 |
| 6 | Matías Médici | \+ 1.25 |
| 7 | Federico Pagani | \+ 1.36 |
| 8 | Diego Simeani | \+ 2.10 |
| 9 | Ricardo Ricco | \+ 2.11 |
| 10 | Giario Ermeti | \+ 2.13 |

## InfoBox

2008 Tour de San Luis
| Race details | |
| --- | --- |
| Dates | January 23  January 28 |
| Stages | 5 |
| Distance | 625 km (388.4 mi) |
| Winning time | 14h 40' 14" |
| Results | |
| Winner  Jorge Giacinti (ARG)  Second  Fernando Antogna (ARG)  Third  Francisco Mancebo (ESP) | |
|


title: Emrecik, Aziziye

abstract: Emrecik is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Aziziye, Erzurum Province in Turkey. Its population is 269 (2022).

text:
# Emrecik, Aziziye

**Emrecik** is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Aziziye, Erzurum Province in Turkey. Its population is 269 (2022).

## InfoBox

| Emrecik | |
| --- | --- |
| Neighbourhood | |
| EmrecikLocation in Turkey | |
| Coordinates: 40°01′N 40°59′E / 40.017°N 40.983°E / 40.017; 40.983 | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Erzurum |
| District | Aziziye |
| Population (2022) | 269 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |


title: Barmbecker SG

abstract: Barmbecker SG was a short-lived wartime German association football club from the Barmbeck district in north-central Hamburg. The club played several seasons in the top-flight Gauliga Nordmark and Gauliga Hamburg during World War II. SG was formed in 1939 as a Kriegsspielgemeinschaft through the consolidation of the local sides Sportverein Uhlenhorst-Herta 1911, Uhlenhorster Sport Club Paloma 1909, and Sport Club Urania Hamburg. This was a common practice during both World Wars to help offset player shortages caused by the conflicts. SV Uhlenhorst-Herta was formed on 15 January 1915 through the merger of Uhlenhorster Fußball Klub 1911 and Fußball Club 1913 Hamburg. This club was also part of an earlier wartime union in 1917 during World War I when they played alongside SC Germania 1887 Hamburg as SV Germania-Herta 1887 Hamburg. Uhlenhorster SC Paloma was the product of the 1914 merger of Uhlenhorster Sport Club 1911 and Schlagballverein Sport Club Paloma Hamburg, which was in turn joined in 1928 by Sportvereinigung Phöbus-Meteor 1920 Hamburg. Barmbecker SG took up play in the Gauliga Nordmark (I) in 1939 and played in the opening rounds of the Tschammerspokal, predecessor of today's German Cup. When competition was restructured in 1942, the team qualified for the new Gauliga Hamburg (I). They were unsuccessful there and slipped to the Bezirksklasse Hamburg/Hammonia (II), but immediately bounced back by capturing the lower division title in 1944. SG disappeared following the 1944–45 season with the end of the war.

text:
# Barmbecker SG

**Barmbecker SG** was a short-lived wartime German association football club from the Barmbeck (now Barmbek) district in north-central Hamburg. The club played several seasons in the top-flight Gauliga Nordmark and Gauliga Hamburg during World War II.

*SG* was formed in 1939 as a Kriegsspielgemeinschaft through the consolidation of the local sides *Sportverein Uhlenhorst-Herta 1911*, *Uhlenhorster Sport Club Paloma 1909*, and *Sport Club Urania Hamburg*. This was a common practice during both World Wars to help offset player shortages caused by the conflicts.

*SV Uhlenhorst-Herta* was formed on 15 January 1915 through the merger of *Uhlenhorster Fußball Klub 1911* and *Fußball Club 1913 Hamburg*. This club was also part of an earlier wartime union in 1917 during World War I when they played alongside *SC Germania 1887 Hamburg* as *SV Germania-Herta 1887 Hamburg*.

*Uhlenhorster SC Paloma* was the product of the 1914 merger of *Uhlenhorster Sport Club 1911* and *Schlagballverein Sport Club Paloma Hamburg*, which was in turn joined in 1928 by *Sportvereinigung Phöbus-Meteor 1920 Hamburg*.

*Barmbecker SG* took up play in the Gauliga Nordmark (I) in 1939 and played in the opening rounds of the Tschammerspokal, predecessor of today's German Cup. When competition was restructured in 1942, the team qualified for the new Gauliga Hamburg (I). They were unsuccessful there and slipped to the Bezirksklasse Hamburg/Hammonia (II), but immediately bounced back by capturing the lower division title in 1944. *SG* disappeared following the 1944–45 season with the end of the war.

## Honours

* Bezirksklasse Hamburg/Hammonia champions (II): 1944

## InfoBox

Barmbecker SG
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Barmbecker Sportgemeinschaft |
| Founded | 1939 |
| Ground | Brucknerstaße |
| Capacity | 4,000 (1939) |
| League | defunct |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: 1994 Iranian Air Force C-130 shootdown

abstract: The 1994 Iranian Air Force C-130 shootdown occurred on March 17, 1994, when an Iranian Air Force C-130E military transport aircraft, carrying Iranian embassy personnel from Moscow to Tehran, was shot down by Armenian military forces near the city of Stepanakert in Nagorno-Karabakh, an area which had been under armed conflict since 1988. The 32 people on board were killed in the crash.

text:
# 1994 Iranian Air Force C-130 shootdown

The **1994 Iranian Air Force C-130 shootdown** occurred on March 17, 1994, when an Iranian Air Force C-130E military transport aircraft, carrying Iranian embassy personnel from Moscow to Tehran, was shot down by Armenian military forces near the city of Stepanakert in Nagorno-Karabakh, an area which had been under armed conflict since 1988. The 32 people (19 passengers and 13 crew) on board were killed in the crash.

## Shootdown

The C-130 Hercules departed from Moscow, taking relatives of Iranian embassy staff home for Novruz celebrations. The Iranian Embassy in Moscow said the aircraft was carrying 19 passengers, including nine children, and a crew of 13. The crew reported mechanical trouble before veering into and entering the Azerbaijani airspace over the region of Nagorno-Karabakh, where it crashed, killing everyone on board.

Armenia's first deputy foreign minister, Gerard Libaridian, told a news conference that the plane should have flown over Russia, Georgia and Armenia before reaching Iran. However it veered about 65 miles east of this corridor as it left Georgia and did not enter Armenian airspace as scheduled at 10:08 p.m. Instead, it flew into the war zone around Nagorno-Karabakh.

The remains of Iranians killed in the crash were transported to Armenia and flown from the Yerevan's Zvartnots International Airport to Tehran. The ceremony was attended by Armenian Vice-president Gagik Arutyunyan and Vice prime-minister Vigen Chitechyan.

Iran dispatched a special Air Force commission to investigate the causes of the tragedy. The chief of the commission Abdat Aminian dismissed the version offered by Armenian Vice President Gagik Arutyunyan who suggested that the C-130 lost control and plunged to the ground because of some malfunctions of the plane's flight systems. An official of Iran's Foreign Ministry stated that for "some unknown reasons the plane exploded in mid-air, after it veered off course."

Aminian declared that the plane was shot down by two missiles, launched by the Armenian forces. Aminian said that the Armenian side did not assume direct responsibility for the accident, however, it admitted that its troops took the Iranian plane for an Azerbaijani craft, and that the Armenian troops did not try to get in touch with the plane in order to identify it.

The Iranian Foreign Ministry announced the results of the investigation in a statement, which placed the blame for the shootdown with the Armenian forces. The statement said that "Iran reserves the right to take legal action and receive compensations for the victims of the crash, and calls on the Armenian government to identify and punish those guilty of downing the aircraft".

The Azerbaijani National Security Ministry supplied the Iranian side with a radio dispatch that was intercepted by Azerbaijani intelligence on the day of the catastrophe. One of the phrases in the intercepted dispatch was "We have just downed an Azerbaijani military plane". Azerbaijani intelligence claimed that a self-targeting "Osa" missile system was used to down the C-130.

Some Russian military experts suggested that the C-130 intentionally changed its flight course for reconnaissance purposes. However the Iranian Foreign Ministry rejected these allegations.

## Aftermath

In a meeting in Tehran with Armenia's vice president, Gagik Arutyunyan, Iranian President Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani demanded that those responsible for the shooting be punished. Before departing from Tehran, Arutyunyan admitted that the Iranian plane was shot down "by mistake", without specifying who committed the mistake.

In the opinion of Human Rights Watch, "under the rules of war, the Karabakh Armenians would be duty bound to ascertain the nature of the aircraft before firing. If they did not use every available means to identify the aircraft and still fired, this would constitute a serious violation of humanitarian law".

## InfoBox

1994 Iranian Air Force C-130 shootdown
| A C-130 similar to that involved in the incident | |
| --- | --- |
| Shootdown | |
| Date | March 17, 1994 |
| Summary | Shootdown |
| Site | Ballıca, near Stepanakert, Nagorno-Karabakh |
| Aircraft | |
| Aircraft type | C-130E Hercules |
| Operator | Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force |
| Registration | 5-8521 |
| Flight origin | Moscow, Russia |
| Destination | Tehran Mehrabad International Airport, Iran |
| Occupants | 32 |
| Passengers | 19 |
| Crew | 13 |
| Fatalities | 32 |
| Survivors | 0 |


title: 1981 Atlanta Falcons season

abstract: The 1981 Atlanta Falcons season was the Falcons' 16th season. The Falcons got off to a solid 3–0 start, but lost three key starters for the season in a 34–17 win at Fulton County Stadium over the San Francisco 49ers. The Falcons would go on to finish the season with a 7–9 record, losing seven games by five points or less, thus missing the playoffs for the first time since 1979.

text:
# 1981 Atlanta Falcons season

The **1981 Atlanta Falcons season** was the Falcons' 16th season. The Falcons got off to a solid 3–0 start, but lost three key starters for the season in a 34–17 win at Fulton County Stadium over the San Francisco 49ers. The Falcons would go on to finish the season with a 7–9 record, losing seven games by five points or less, thus missing the playoffs for the first time since 1979.

## Offseason

### NFL draft

| **1981 Atlanta Falcons draft** | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Round | Pick | Player | Position | College | Notes |
| 1 | 25 | Bobby Butler | Cornerback | Florida State |  |
| Made roster | | | | | |

## Personnel

### Staff

**1981 Atlanta Falcons staff**
|  | **Front office**
**Head coaches**
**Offensive coaches** |  |  | **Defensive coaches**

 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

### Roster

**1981 Atlanta Falcons final roster**
|  | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Quarterbacks** **Running backs**
**Wide receivers**
**Tight ends** |  | **Offensive linemen** **Defensive linemen** |  | **Linebackers** **Defensive backs**
**Special teams** |  | **Practice squad** **Reserve lists**

*Rookies in italics*
 |

## Regular season

### Schedule

| Week | Date | Opponent | Result | Record | Venue | Attendance |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | September 6 | **New Orleans Saints** | **W** 27–0 | 1–0 | Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium | 57,406 |
| 2 | September 13 | at Green Bay Packers | **W** 31–17 | 2–0 | Lambeau Field | 55,382 |
| 3 | September 20 | **San Francisco 49ers** | **W** 34–17 | 3–0 | Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium | 56,653 |
| 4 | September 27 | at Cleveland Browns | **L** 17–28 | 3–1 | Cleveland Municipal Stadium | 78,283 |
| 5 | October 5 | at Philadelphia Eagles | **L** 13–16 | 3–2 | Veterans Stadium | 71,488 |
| 6 | October 11 | **Los Angeles Rams** | **L** 35–37 | 3–3 | Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium | 57,841 |
| 7 | October 18 | St. Louis Cardinals | **W** 41–20 | 4–3 | Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium | 51,428 |
| 8 | October 25 | New York Giants | **L** 24–27 | 4–4 | Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium | 48,410 |
| 9 | November 1 | at **New Orleans Saints** | **W** 41–10 | 5–4 | Louisiana Superdome | 63,637 |
| 10 | November 8 | at **San Francisco 49ers** | **L** 14–17 | 5–5 | Candlestick Park | 59,127 |
| 11 | November 15 | Pittsburgh Steelers | **L** 20–34 | 5–6 | Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium | 57,485 |
| 12 | November 23 | Minnesota Vikings | **W** 31–30 | 6–6 | Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium | 54,086 |
| 13 | November 29 | at Houston Oilers | **W** 31–27 | 7–6 | Houston Astrodome | 40,201 |
| 14 | December 6 | at Tampa Bay Buccaneers | **L** 23–24 | 7–7 | Tampa Stadium | 69,221 |
| 15 | December 14 | at **Los Angeles Rams** | **L** 16–21 | 7–8 | Anaheim Stadium | 57,054 |
| 16 | December 20 | Cincinnati Bengals | **L** 28–30 | 7–9 | Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium | 35,972 |
| **Note:** Intra-division opponents are in **bold** text. | | | | | | | |

### Standings

| NFC West | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | W | L | T | PCT | DIV | CONF | PF | PA | STK |
| San Francisco 49ers(1) | 13 | 3 | 0 | .813 | 5–1 | 10-2 | 357 | 250 | W5 |
| Atlanta Falcons | 7 | 9 | 0 | .438 | 3–3 | 6–6 | 426 | 355 | L3 |
| Los Angeles Rams | 6 | 10 | 0 | .375 | 2–4 | 5–7 | 303 | 351 | L1 |
| New Orleans Saints | 4 | 12 | 0 | .250 | 2–4 | 2–10 | 207 | 378 | L4 |

## Awards and records

* Steve Bartkowski, Falcons game record, most passing yards in one game, 416 yards (on November 15, 1981)
* William Andrews, Falcons game record, most receiving yards in one game, 198 yards (on November 15, 1981). Which was later broken by Roddy White when he got 210 yards against the 49ers in the 2009 season.

## InfoBox

| 1981 Atlanta Falcons season | |
| --- | --- |
| Owner | Rankin M. Smith Sr. |
| General manager | Eddie LeBaron |
| Head coach | Leeman Bennett |
| Home field | Fulton County Stadium |
| Results | |
| Record | 7–9 |
| Division place | 2nd NFC West |
| Playoff finish | *Did not qualify* |
| Pro Bowlers | RB William Andrews
QB Steve Bartkowski
WR Alfred Jenkins
C Jeff van Note
T Mike Kenn
TE Junior Miller
G R. C. Thielemann |
|


title: Fort de Plappeville

abstract: The Fort de Plappeville, or Feste Alvensleben, is a military fortification located to the northwest of Metz in the commune of Plappeville. As part of the first ring of the fortifications of Metz, it is an early example of a Séré de Rivières system fort. While it did not see action during World War I, it was the scene of heavy fighting between American forces and German defenders at the end of the Battle of Metz, in 1944. After Second World War it became a training center for the French Air Force. Fort 'Alvensleben' has been abandoned since 1995.

text:
# Fort de Plappeville

The **Fort de Plappeville**, or **Feste Alvensleben**, is a military fortification located to the northwest of Metz in the commune of Plappeville. As part of the first ring of the fortifications of Metz, it is an early example of a Séré de Rivières system fort. While it did not see action during World War I, it was the scene of heavy fighting between American forces and German defenders at the end of the Battle of Metz, in 1944. After Second World War it became a training center for the French Air Force. Fort 'Alvensleben' has been abandoned since 1995.

## Construction and renovations

The Fort de Plappeville is part of the first ring of the Metz fortifications, built during the Second Empire by Napoleon III. The works began in 1867. It was designed by Raymond Adolphe Séré de Rivières, who oversaw the initial stages of the Metz fortifications. The fort was not complete in 1870 when war was declared between France and Germany. The defensive system would be completed and improved by German engineers between 1871 and 1898. The fort mounted about 100 guns and had a garrison of about 1600 men. Half-buried in a slope, the fort dominates the valley of the Moselle. Conceived to resist distant artillery fire, it also has a system of ditches evocative of the fortifications of Vauban. The fort resembles the contemporary Fort de Queuleu and the Fort de Saint-Julien, using a bastioned layout that would be quickly superseded in forts begun a few years later. The fort's barracks differ from those at Saint-Quentin and Queleu, and are located under the artillery platform of cavalier. Batteries on the Plappeville plateau, equipped with artillery turrets, complete the defense of the principal fort. Two of the most important armored batteries have four armored turrets with 150mm guns.

A powder explosion in 1871 caused extensive damage to the barracks and required their reconstruction. Armored observation points were installed in 1885.

### First World War

During the annexation of Alsace-Lorraine by Germany, the fort was renamed *Feste Alvensleben* and became a training camp for Prussian officers. From 1914 to 1918 it was used as a rest station for soldiers traveling along the front, particularly from Verdun. Its military equipment was upgraded to the standards current at the time. In November 1918, the fort was reoccupied by the French army.

### Second World War

After the armistice of 1940 the fort was occupied by German forces. On 7 September Heinrich Himmler reviewed the troops of the 1st SS Division ( *Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler*) in the fort's *place d'armes*. The occasion was the presentation of a new standard to the SS formation, organized for the visit of the *Reichsführer* to Metz at the request of General Sepp Dietrich. The fort later became a disciplinary camp for the *Wehrmacht*. At the beginning of September 1944 the fort's defense was reorganized and integrated into the defense of Metz.

Like the Fort du Mont Saint-Quentin, Fort Driant and Fort Jeanne d'Arc, the Fort de Plappeville first saw combat between September and November 1944 during the Battle of Metz. The Fort de Plappeville, placed under the command of Colonel Vogel of the artillery, as well as Fort du Mont Saint Quentin, commanded by Colonel von Stossel, provided mutual artillery support and impeded the American advance along the valley of the Moselle to the west of Metz. During the Battle of Metz the buried fortifications resisted American artillery attack well, particularly attacks with incendiary weapons. The forts fell after a series of violent assaults. Encircled by the 378th Regiment of the U.S. 95th Infantry Division, the Fort de Plappeville repelled a number of attacks. Colonel Vogel asked for a truce to evacuate his wounded, but refused to surrender. The Fort de Plappeville surrendered on 8 December 1944, with 200 men to the U.S. 5th Infantry Division, two weeks after the surrender of German troops in Metz.

After the Second World War, in 1949, the fort was transferred to the French air force and became a military instruction center for new recruits at Metz-Frescaty Air Base. Abandoned since 1995, the fort has been vandalized.

## InfoBox

| Fort de Plappeville | |
| --- | --- |
| Part of Séré de Rivières system, Fortifications of Metz | |
| France | |
| Fort de Plappeville | |
| Coordinates | 49°08′01″N 6°06′59″E / 49.13374°N 6.11651°E / 49.13374; 6.11651 |
| Type | Fort |
| Site information | |
| Controlled by | France |
| Condition | Abandoned |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1868 (1868) |
| Materials | Brick, stone, concrete |
| Battles/wars | Battle of Metz |


title: Erzurum (electoral district)

abstract: Erzurum is an electoral district of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. It elects six members of parliament (deputies) to represent the province of the same name for a four-year term by the D'Hondt method, a party-list proportional representation system.

text:
# Erzurum (electoral district)

**Erzurum** is an electoral district of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. It elects six members of parliament (deputies) to represent the province of the same name for a four-year term by the D'Hondt method, a party-list proportional representation system.

## Members

Population reviews of each electoral district are conducted before each general election, which can lead to certain districts being granted a smaller or greater number of parliamentary seats. Erzurum has been declining in population since 1999 relative to other provinces, resulting in a loss of two seats between 1999 and 2011.

| MPs for Erzurum, 1999 onwards | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Election |  | 1999 (21st Parliament) |  | 2002 (22nd Parliament) |  | 2007 (23rd Parliament) |  | 2011 (24th Parliament) |  | June 2015 (25th Parliament) |
| | | | | | | | | | |  |
| MP |  | Zeki Ertugay
*DYP* |  | Recep Akdağ
*AK Party* | | | | |  | Efkan Ala
*AK Party* |  |
| MP |  | Ayvaz Gökdemir
*DYP* |  | Mustafa Nuri Akbulut
*AK Party* |  | Muhyettin Aksak
*AK Party* | | |  | Zehra Taşkesenlioğlu
*AK Party* |  |
| MP |  | Lütfü Esengün
*Virtue* |  | Mücahit Daloğlu
*AK Party* |  | Saadettin Aydın
*AK Party* |  | Adnan Yılmaz
*AK Party* | | |  |
| MP |  | Fahrettin Kukarcı
*Virtue* |  | Muzaffer Gülyurt
*AK Party* | | |  | Cengiz Yavilioğlu
*AK Party* |  | İbrahim Aydemir
*AK Party* |  |
| MP |  | Aslan Polat
*Virtue* |  | Mustafa Ilıcalı
*AK Party* |  | Fazilet Dağcı Çığlık
*AK Party* | | |  | Seher Akçınar Bayar
*HDP* |  |
| MP |  | Mücahit Himoğlu
*MHP* |  | İbrahim Özdoğan
*AK Party* |  | İbrahim Kavaz
*AK Party* |  | Oktay Öztürk
*MHP* |  | Kamil Aydın
*MHP* |  |
| MP |  | İsmail Köse
*MHP* |  | Ömer Özyılmaz
*AK Party* |  | Zeki Ertugay
*MHP* | No seat | | | | |
| MP |  | Cezmi Polat
*MHP* | No seat | | | | | | | | |

## General elections

### 2011

2011 general election: Erzurum
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | AK Party | *5 elected*                              1 * 1. **Recep Akdağ** Y
2. **Adnan Yılmaz** Y
3. **Fazilet Dağcı Çığlık** Y
4. **Cengiz Yavilioğlu** Y
5. **Muhyettin Aksak** Y
6. İbrahim Aydemir N | 283,638 | 69.22 | 0.93 |
|  | MHP | *1 elected*                              0 * 1. **Oktay Öztürk** Y
2. Kamil Aydın N
3. Ertürk Çimen N
4. Jale Hülya Alcan N
5. Ömer Durdur N
6. Muhsin Yılmaz N | 54,522 | 13.31 | 0.17 |
|  | Independent | *None elected* * Sebahattin Yılmaz N | 33,373 | 8.14 | 2.78 |
|  | CHP | *None elected* * 1. Ahmet Hamdi Palandöken N
2. Yaşettin Kışlak N
3. Mehmet Sait Şimşek N
4. Nurhan Banu Üner N
5. İsmail Nardemir N
6. Dursun Murat Çelikoğlu N | 19,847 | 4.84 | 0.13 |
|  | SAADET | *None elected* * 1. Atik Ağdağ N
2. Hasan Karataş N
3. Faik Çalık N
4. Mehmet Akbulut N
5. İbrahim Sirkecioğlu N
6. Yusuf Doğan N | 6,576 | 1.60 | 1.63 |
|  | Büyük Birlik | *None elected* * 1. Hüseyin Faruk Şahin N
2. İsmet Yiğit N
3. Ahmet Yıldırım N
4. Ali Kürşat Bilgin N
5. Abamüslim Kalkan N
6. Yener Göztürk N | 3,612 | 0.88 | 0.88 |
|  | HAS Party | *None elected* * 1. Teoman Kümbet N
2. Kahraman Şimşek N
3. Yusuf Türkmen N
4. Muhammet Yavuz N
5. Selahi Çınarlıoğlu N
6. Muhammet Recai Demirci N | 3,067 | 0.75 | 0.75 |
|  | DP | *None elected* * 1. Halil Alpaslan Kaya N
2. Nilgün Kolsarıcı N
3. Aziz Karaca N
4. Yetkin Gültekin N
5. Ayşe Aygül Başgelen Atsak N
6. Orhan Turğut N | 1,739 | 0.42 | 2.20 |
|  | DSP | *None elected* * 1. Cemal Koçak N
2. Dilek Yılmaz N
3. Yüksel Tür N
4. Ali Alagöz N
5. Osman Günay N
6. Ali İşikli N | 1,310 | 0.32 | N/A |
|  | DYP | *None elected* * 1. Efrullah Hızarcı N
2. Engin Özbey N
3. Dursun Yiğit N
4. Eyüp Olğar N
5. Selami Aral N
6. Reşit Örs N | 603 | 0.15 | 0.15 |
|  | HEPAR | *None elected* * 1. Zerrin Kütrü N
2. Salih Kıcırgan N
3. Yakup Akar N
4. Nezih Kütrü N
5. Sedakat Başbuğ N
6. Ali Bahadır Zencir N | 489 | 0.12 | 0.12 |
|  | TKP | *None elected* * 1. Bulut Çiftçi N
2. Behram Aktemur N
3. Zeynep Pekel N
4. Birgül Zöngür N
5. Sultan Zor N
6. Sibel Topaloğlu N | 430 | 0.10 | 0.17 |
|  | Nationalist Conservative | *None elected* * 1. Burhanettin Baysal N
2. Mahmut Gürler N
3. Muazzez Fide N
4. Nejmi Kurt N
5. İsa Baysal N
6. Ömer Tekin N | 288 | 0.07 | 0.07 |
|  | MP | *None elected* * 1. Mustafa Ayhan N
2. Mehmet Şeref Ramazanoğlu N
3. Emine Güler N
4. Mürsel Kurt N
5. Sait Ermiş N
6. Zeliha Ekinci N | 251 | 0.06 | 0.06 |
|  | Labour | ***No candidates*** | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
|  | Liberal Democrat | ***No candidates*** | 0 | 0.00 | 0.10 |
| Total votes | | | **409,745** | **100.00** |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 5,682 | 1.37 | 0.65 |
| Turnout | | | 414,177 | 86.01 | 6.41 |
|  | AK Party **hold** **Majority** | | 229,116 | 56.09 | 0.94 |

### June 2015

| Abbr. | | Party | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | AK Party | **Justice and Development Party** | **209,875** | **52%** |
|  | MHP | Nationalist Movement Party | 94,732 | 23.5% |
|  | HDP | Peoples' Democratic Party | 71,742 | 17.8% |
|  | CHP | Republican People's Party | 11,078 | 2.7% |
|  | SP | Felicity Party | 9,610 | 2.4% |
|  |  | Other | 6,420 | 1.6% |
| **Total** | | | 403,457 | | | | |
| *Turnout* | | | 84.96 | | | | |
| **source**: YSK | | | | | | | | |

### November 2015

| Abbr. | | Party | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | AK Party | **Justice and Development Party** | **275,427** | **68.1%** |
|  | MHP | Nationalist Movement Party | 57,997 | 14.3% |
|  | HDP | Peoples' Democratic Party | 49,172 | 12.2% |
|  | CHP | Republican People's Party | 12,065 | 3% |
|  | SP | Felicity Party | 3,236 | 0.8% |
|  |  | Other | 6,692 | 1.7% |
| **Total** | | | 404,589 | | | | |
| *Turnout* | | | 84.98 | | | | |
| **source**: YSK | | | | | | | | |

### 2018

| Abbr. | | Party | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | AK Party | **Justice and Development Party** | **227,575** | **53.8%** |
|  | MHP | Nationalist Movement Party | 78,125 | 18.5% |
|  | HDP | Peoples' Democratic Party | 49,885 | 11.8% |
|  | IYI | Good Party | 34,644 | 8.2% |
|  | CHP | Republican People's Party | 16,790 | 4% |
|  | SP | Felicity Party | 7,515 | 1.8% |
|  |  | Other | 8,283 | 2% |
| **Total** | | | 422,817 | | | | |
| *Turnout* | | | 87.34 | | | | |
| **source**: YSK | | | | | | | | |

### 2023

| Abbr. | | Party | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | AK Party | **Justice and Development Party** | **192.248** | **43.3%** |
|  | MHP | Nationalist Movement Party | 73.952 | 16.6% |
|  | YSP | Party of Greens and the Left Future | 43.931 | 9.9% |
|  | IYI | Good Party | 42.143 | 9.5% |
|  | CHP | Republican People's Party | 31.227 | 7% |
|  | YRP | New Welfare Party | 21.822 | 4.9% |
|  |  | Other | 38.876 | 8.8% |
| **Total** | | | 444.199 | | | | |
| *Turnout* | | | 86.26% | | | | |
| **source**: YSK | | | | | | | | |

## Presidential elections

### 2014

2014 presidential election: Erzurum
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **AK Party** | **Recep Tayyip Erdoğan** | **251,039** | **68.80** |
|  | Independent | Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu | 66,168 | 18.13 |
|  | HDP | Selahattin Demirtaş | 47,701 | 13.07 |
| Total votes | | | **364,908** | **100.00** |
| Rejected ballots | | | 6,986 | 1.88 |
| Turnout | | | 371,894 | 76.33 |
|  | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan **win** | | | |

37°50′N 34°45′E / 37.833°N 34.750°E / 37.833; 34.750

## InfoBox

| Erzurum | |
| --- | --- |
| electoral district
for the Grand National Assembly of Turkey | |
| Erzurum shown within Turkey | |
| Province | Erzurum |
| Electorate | 510.281 |
| Current electoral district | |
| Created | 1923 |
| Seats | 6
Historical * 7 (2002–2007)
8 (1999) |
| MPs | List |
| Turnout at last election | 86.26% |
| Representation | |
| AK Party | 4 / 6 |
| MHP | 1 / 6 |
| Party of Greens and the Left Future | 1 / 6 |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Apostolic Nunciature to Estonia

abstract: The Apostolic Nunciature to Estonia is an ecclesiastical office of the Catholic Church in Estonia. It is a diplomatic post of the Holy See, whose representative is called the Apostolic Nuncio with the rank of an ambassador. The title Apostolic Nuncio to Estonia is held by the prelate appointed Apostolic Nuncio to Lithuania; he resides in Lithuania.

text:
# Apostolic Nunciature to Estonia

The **Apostolic Nunciature to Estonia** is an ecclesiastical office of the Catholic Church in Estonia. It is a diplomatic post of the Holy See, whose representative is called the Apostolic Nuncio with the rank of an ambassador. The title Apostolic Nuncio to Estonia is held by the prelate appointed Apostolic Nuncio to Lithuania; he resides in Lithuania.

## Representatives

Apostolic delegates to the Baltic States Apostolic nuncios


abstract: The 1967 Men's African Volleyball Championship was in Tunis, Tunisia, with 4 teams participating in the continental championship.

text:
# 1967 Men's African Volleyball Championship

The **1967 Men's African Volleyball Championship** was in Tunis, Tunisia, with 4 teams participating in the continental championship.

## Teams

## Results

| 1967 | **Tunisia** | 3–0 | Guinea | Salambo, La Goulette |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| |
 | | | |
| ||

| 1967 | **Tunisia** | 3–0 | Libya | Salambo, La Goulette |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| |
 | | | |
| ||

| 1967 | **Tunisia** | 3–0 | Algeria | Salambo, La Goulette |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| |
 | | | |
| ||

## Final ranking


# 2007 Nigerian Senate elections in Taraba State

The 2007 Nigerian Senate election in Taraba State was held on 21 April 2007, to elect members of the Nigerian Senate to represent Taraba State. Dahiru Bako representing Taraba Central, Joel Danlami Ikenya representing Taraba South and Anthony George Manzo representing Taraba North all won on the platform of the People's Democratic Party.

## Overview

| Affiliation | Party | | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| |  |  | |
| | ANPP | PDP | |
| Before Election | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| After Election | 0 | 3 | 3 |
|

## Summary

| District | Incumbent | Party | | Elected Senator | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Taraba Central | Abdulazeez Ibrahim |  | PDP | Dahiru Bako |  | PDP |
| Taraba South | Dalhatu Umaru Sangari |  | PDP | Joel Danlami Ikenya |  | PDP |
| Taraba North | Abdulahi Bala Adamu |  | ANPP | Anthony George Manzo |  | PDP |

## Results

### Taraba Central

The election was won by Dahiru Bako of the Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria).

2007 Nigerian Senate election in Taraba State
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **PDP** | **Dahiru Bako** |  |  |
| Total votes | | |  |  |
|  | PDP **hold** | | | |

### Taraba South

The election was won by Joel Danlami Ikenya of the Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria).

2007 Nigerian Senate election in Taraba State
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **PDP** | **Joel Danlami Ikenya** |  |  |
| Total votes | | |  |  |
|  | PDP **hold** | | | |

### Taraba North

The election was won by Anthony George Manzo of the Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria).

2007 Nigerian Senate election in Taraba State
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **PDP** | **Anthony George Manzo** |  |  |
| Total votes | | |  |  |
|  | PDP **hold** | | | |

1. "IPU PARLINE database: NIGERIA (Senate) ELECTIONS IN 2007". *archive.ipu.org*. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
2. Uganwa, Austin (2014). *NIGERIA FOURTH REPUBLIC NATIONAL ASSEMBLY*. Xlibris Corporation. ISBN 978-1-4990-8875-5.
3. "Senators From 1999 Till Date -". 2 December 2020. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
4. Uganwa, Austin (2014). *NIGERIA FOURTH REPUBLIC NATIONAL ASSEMBLY*. ISBN 978-1-4990-8875-5.
5. Uganwa, Austin (2014). *NIGERIA FOURTH REPUBLIC NATIONAL ASSEMBLY*. ISBN 978-1-4990-8875-5.
6. Uganwa, Austin (2014). *NIGERIA FOURTH REPUBLIC NATIONAL ASSEMBLY*. ISBN 978-1-4990-8875-5.


title: Eucalantica ehecatlella

abstract: Eucalantica ehecatlella is a moth in the family Yponomeutidae. It is found in Costa Rica. The length of the forewings is 5-6.2 mm.

text:
# Eucalantica ehecatlella

***Eucalantica ehecatlella*** is a moth in the family Yponomeutidae. It is found in Costa Rica (Central Volcanic Range in Heredia Province).

The length of the forewings is 5-6.2 mm.

## InfoBox

| *Eucalantica ehecatlella* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Yponomeutidae |
| Genus: | *Eucalantica* |
| Species: | ***E. ehecatlella*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Eucalantica ehecatlella***<br>Sohn & Nishida, 2011 | |
|


title: Barmbek station

abstract: Barmbek is a railway station and transport hub in Hamburg, Germany, for the underground railway (U-Bahn) system and the suburban railway (S-Bahn) system. The station is located in the district of Barmbek-Nord, Germany. Barmbek-Nord is part of the borough of Hamburg-Nord. The suburban railway part of the station at the north side is listed as Barmbek (S-Bahn), No. 0376 and category 4 by the Deutsche Bahn. The DS 100 code is ABAG.

text:
# Barmbek station

**Barmbek** is a railway station and transport hub in Hamburg, Germany, for the underground railway (U-Bahn) system and the suburban railway (S-Bahn) system. The station is located in the district of Barmbek-Nord, Germany. Barmbek-Nord is part of the borough of Hamburg-Nord.

The suburban railway part of the station at the north side is listed as *Barmbek (S-Bahn)*, No. 0376 and category 4 by the Deutsche Bahn. The DS 100 code is ABAG.

## History

In November 1866, a Barmbek line was built for horsecars by the *Hamburger Pferde-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft* (Hamburg horsecar railway company). On 11 April 1895, the first new built electric tram line was opened from *Barmbeker Zoll* (Barmbek customs facilities) to Ohlsdorf Cemetery, and on 6 December 1906, the *Hamburg-Altonaer Stadt- und Vortbahn* (City and suburban railway)  since 1934 abbreviated Hamburg S-Bahn  opened the double track line Ohlsdorf  Blankenese, including Barmbek station. Planned as an electric railway with overhead lines, the trains were first steam powered, because of difficulties concerning the construction of the electrical installations and a delay delivering the engines. In 1912, the Hamburger Hochbahn opened first part of the Hamburg U-Bahn *circle line* from Barmbek station via Mundsburg to central station. Until 1947, Barmbek station was written *Barmbeck*. In end 1980s, constructing the bus station at the north side of Barmbek station gave the whole station the new westside entrance.

## Layout

Barmbek is an elevated railway station and a bus station for several bus routes north of it. There are three platforms with six tracks at the same level. The two U-Bahn platforms are served by trains of the branches of line U3 side by side at the same time to ease the change between it.

In the westside entrance level are some shops, escalators and lifts to the platforms and to the bus station. There is an at-grade entrance at the eastside with an exit to the south only as well. The station is fully accessible for handicapped persons.

## Services

The Hamburg U-Bahn line U3 and line S1 of the Hamburg S-Bahn serve Barmbek station.

## InfoBox

| Barmbek | |
| --- | --- |
| HVV rapid transit station | |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Location | Fuhlsbüttler Straße 91
22305 Hamburg, Germany |
| Coordinates | 53°35′13″N 10°2′41″E / 53.58694°N 10.04472°E / 53.58694; 10.04472 |
| Line(s) |
 |
| Platforms | 3 |
| Tracks | 6 |
| Connections | Bus, Taxi |
| Construction | |
| Structure type | Elevated |
| Platform levels | 1 |
| Bicycle facilities | Yes |
| Accessible | Yes |
| Other information | |
| Fare zone | HVV: A/103 and 105 |
| History | |
| Opened | 5 December 1906 (1906-12-05)
15 February 1912 (1912-02-15) |
| Rebuilt | 1965, end 1980s |
| Electrified | 29 January 1908 (1908-01-29), 6.3 kV AC system (overhead; turned off in 1955)
at opening
10 April 1941 (1941-04-10), 1.2 kV DC system (3rd rail) |
| Previous names | 1906-1947 Barmbeck |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station Hamburg S-Bahn Following station  Friedrichsbergtowards Wedel  S1  Alte Wöhrtowards Poppenbüttel or Hamburg Airport  Preceding station Hamburg U-Bahn Following station  Saarlandstraßetowards Wandsbek-Gartenstadt via Hauptbahnhof Süd  U3  *Terminus*  Dehnhaidetowards Barmbek via Hauptbahnhof Süd Habichtstraßetowards Wandsbek-Gartenstadt | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location  Barmbek stationLocation in HamburgBarmbek stationLocation in Schleswig-HolsteinBarmbek stationLocation in GermanyBarmbek stationLocation in Europe | |


title: Armond Fields

abstract: Armond Fields was an American market research consultant, a painter, a graphic artist, and a prolific social historian who wrote art and theater biographies.

text:
# Armond Fields

**Armond Fields** was an American market research consultant, a painter, a graphic artist, and a prolific social historian who wrote art and theater biographies.

## Early life and education

Fields was born in Chicago, Illinois, to Louis Max and Esther Fields. His primary education he received in schools in the Mid-West. He received his B.S. from the University of Wisconsin (1953), M.A. from the University of Illinois (1955) and Ph.D. from the University of Chicago (1956).

## Work

Fields was active in several fields. As a writer he wrote several biographies, primarily on vaudeville performers. His oil paintings, drawings and prints were a part of exhibitions in the United States and Europe. He curated, wrote catalogues, and donated art for various exhibitions (most recently: Paris, Turn-of-the-Century, Santa Barbara Museum of Art, 2003; Vaudeville is Dead! Long Live Vaudeville!, Doheny Library, University of Southern California, 2005). Fields also served as a consultant in the areas of market strategy and consumer behavior. Among his clients were Interpublic Co. (marketing and research vice president, 1960–69), for Audio-Video Entertainment, Inc. (corporate officer, 2000-?) and AltaVoice Communications (consumer behavior consultant, 2001?).

## Bibliography

* *Henri Rivière* (1983) ISBN 0879051337
* *George Auriol* (1985) ISBN 0879052007
* *From the Bowery to Broadway: Lew Fields and the Roots of American Popular Theatre* (1993) ISBN 0195053818
* *Le Chat Noir: A Montmartre Cabaret and Its Artists in Turn-Of-The Century Paris* (1994) ISBN 0899510876
* *Eddie Foy: A Biography of the Early Popular Stage Comedian* (1999) ISBN 0786443286

* *James J. Corbett: A Biography of the Heavyweight Boxing Champion and Popular Theater Headliner* (2001) ISBN 0786409096
* *Fred Stone: Circus Performer and Musical Comedy Star* (2002) ISBN 0786411619
* *Katharine Dexter McCormick: Pioneer for Women's Rights* (2003) ISBN 0275980049
* *Sophie Tucker: First Lady of Show Business* (2003) ISBN 0786415770
* *Maude Adams: Idol of American Theater, 1872-1953* (2004) ISBN 078641927X
* *Women Vaudeville Stars: Eighty Biographical Profiles* (2006) ISBN 0786425830
* *Tony Pastor, Father of Vaudeville* (2007) ISBN 0786430540
* *Lillian Russell: A Biography of "America's Beauty"* (2008) ISBN 0786405090

## InfoBox

| Armond Fields | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1930-11-22)November 22, 1930
Chicago, Illinois, US |
| Died | August 17, 2008(2008-08-17) (aged 77)
Culver City, California, US |


title: Evynnis ehrenbergii

abstract: Evynnis ehrenbergii is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This species is found in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.

text:
# Evynnis ehrenbergii

***Evynnis ehrenbergii*** is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This species is found in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.

## Taxonomy

*Evynnis ehrenbergii* was first formally described in 1830 as *Pagrus ehrenbergii* by the French zoologist Achille Valenciennes with its type locality given as the Mediterranean Sea off Egypt. The genus *Evynnis* is placed in the family Sparidae within the order Spariformes by the 5th edition of *Fishes of the World*. Some authorities classify this genus in the subfamily Sparidae, but the 5th edition of Fishes of the World does not recognise subfamilies within the Sparidae.

## Etymology

*Evynnis ehrenbergii* has a specific name which honours Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg, the German biologist who first realised that this taxon was a different species from *Argyrops spinifer* from the Red Sea.

## Description

*Evynnis ehrenbergii* has 11 or 12 spines and between 9 and 14 soft rays supporting the dorsal fin and 3 spines and 8 or 9 soft rays supporting the anal fin. This species has a deep body which is slightly laterally compressed. The dorsal profile of the body is arched while the ventral profile is straight in the middle but curves upwards towards the caudal peduncle The body is covered in large scales. It has a large head with a steep and curved dorsal profile with medium-sized eyes. The jaws are subequal in length and has canine-like teeth at the front, two in the upper jaw and six in the lower jaw, and molar-like teeth at the rear of both jaws. The first two spines of the dorsal fin are very short, while the third is elongated, particularly in younger fish. The body is purplish pink in colour with silvery tints on the sides and silvery whitish on the belly. Above and immediately below the lateral line there is a pattern of blue spots which become more distinct to the rear of the anal fin. The anal fin is blueish in colour while the caudal fin may be bright pink in colour. During the spawning season, the males become golden ochre in colour extending over the head and sometimes onto the back and flanks, but is most obvious on the snout. They also develop stripes above the eyes. This species has a maximum published total length of 43 cm (17 in) and a maximum published weight of 1.2 kg (2.6 lb).

## Distribution and habitat

*Evynnis ehrenbergii* is found in the Mediterranean Sea and in the eastern AtlanticOcean along the coast of West Africa. This species prefers warmer waters where it is found at depths between 30 and 50 m (98 and 164 ft) over sand or mud bottoms.

## Biology

*Evynnis ehrenbergii* spawns in the late spring. This species feeds on bivalves and gastropods, decapod crustaceans and fish, they will also prey on octopuses and worms.

## Fisheries

*Evynnis ehrenbergii* is caught using trawl nets.

## InfoBox

| *Evynnis ehrenbergii* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Spariformes |
| Family: | Sparidae |
| Genus: | *Evynnis* |
| Species: | ***E. ehrenbergii*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Evynnis ehrenbergii***<br>(Valenciennes, 1830) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Pagrus ehrenbergii*  Valenciennes, 1830 * *Sparus ehrenbergii*  (Valenciennes, 1830) | |


title: Apostolic Nunciature to Egypt

abstract: The Apostolic Nunciature to Egypt is an ecclesiastical office of the Catholic Church in Egypt. It is a diplomatic post of the Holy See, whose representative is called the Apostolic Nuncio with the rank of an ambassador. The Apostolic Nuncio to Egypt is usually also the Apostolic Delegate to the Arab League and Apostolic Nuncio to Oman upon his appointment to said nations.

text:
# Apostolic Nunciature to Egypt

The **Apostolic Nunciature to Egypt** is an ecclesiastical office of the Catholic Church in Egypt. It is a diplomatic post of the Holy See, whose representative is called the Apostolic Nuncio with the rank of an ambassador. The Apostolic Nuncio to Egypt is usually also the Apostolic Delegate to the Arab League and Apostolic Nuncio to Oman upon his appointment to said nations.

## Representatives of the Holy See to Egypt

Apostolic delegates Apostolic internuncios Apostolic pro-nuncios Apostolic nuncios