abstract: The 1985–86 Indiana Hoosiers men's basketball team represented Indiana University. Their head coach was Bobby Knight, who was in his 15th year. The team played its home games in Assembly Hall in Bloomington, Indiana, and was a member of the Big Ten Conference. The Hoosiers finished the regular season with an overall record of 21–8 and a conference record of 13–5, finishing 2nd in the Big Ten Conference. IU was invited to participate in the 1986 NCAA tournament as a 3-seed; however, IU made a quick exit with a first-round loss to 14-seed Cleveland State. The season was memorialized and popularized by A Season on the Brink, a 1986 book by John Feinstein. For the book, Bobby Knight granted almost unprecedented access to his team, as well as insights into his private life. The book was well received and is often referred to as "the bestselling sports book of all time." The book and season was later dramatized in a two-hour, made-for-ESPN movie of the same name that first aired in the spring of 2002.

text:
# 1985–86 Indiana Hoosiers men's basketball team

1985–86 Big Ten Conference men's basketball standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | PCT |  |  | W |  | L |  | PCT |
| No. 5 Michigan | 14 |  | 4 |  | .778 |  |  | 28 |  | 5 |  | .848 |
| No. 16 Indiana | 13 |  | 5 |  | .722 |  |  | 21 |  | 8 |  | .724 |
| No. 18 Michigan State | 12 |  | 6 |  | .667 |  |  | 23 |  | 8 |  | .742 |
| No. 19 Illinois | 11 |  | 7 |  | .611 |  |  | 22 |  | 10 |  | .688 |
| Purdue | 10 |  | 8 |  | .556 |  |  | 22 |  | 10 |  | .688 |
| Iowa | 10 |  | 8 |  | .556 |  |  | 20 |  | 12 |  | .625 |
| Ohio State | 8 |  | 10 |  | .444 |  |  | 19 |  | 14 |  | .576 |
| Minnesota | 5 |  | 13 |  | .278 |  |  | 15 |  | 16 |  | .484 |
| Wisconsin | 4 |  | 14 |  | .222 |  |  | 12 |  | 16 |  | .429 |
| Northwestern | 2 |  | 16 |  | .111 |  |  | 8 |  | 20 |  | .286 |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Rankings from AP Poll | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The **1985–86 Indiana Hoosiers men's basketball team** represented Indiana University. Their head coach was Bobby Knight, who was in his 15th year. The team played its home games in Assembly Hall in Bloomington, Indiana, and was a member of the Big Ten Conference.

The Hoosiers finished the regular season with an overall record of 21–8 and a conference record of 13–5, finishing 2nd in the Big Ten Conference. IU was invited to participate in the 1986 NCAA tournament as a 3-seed; however, IU made a quick exit with a first-round loss to 14-seed Cleveland State.

The season was memorialized and popularized by *A Season on the Brink*, a 1986 book by John Feinstein. For the book, Bobby Knight granted almost unprecedented access to his team, as well as insights into his private life. The book was well received and is often referred to as "the bestselling sports book of all time." The book and season was later dramatized in a two-hour, made-for-ESPN movie of the same name that first aired in the spring of 2002.

## Roster

| No. | Name | Position | Ht. | Year | Hometown |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 11 | Todd Jadlow | F/C | 6–9 | So. | Salina, Kansas |
| 12 | Steve Alford | G | 6–2 | Jr. | New Castle, Indiana |
| 14 | Magnus Pelkowski | C | 6–10 | RS So. | Bogota, Colombia |
| 20 | Ricky Calloway | G/F | 6–6 | Fr. | Cincinnati, Ohio |
| 21 | Winston Morgan | G/F | 6–5 | Sr. | Anderson, Indiana |
| 22 | Stew Robinson | G | 6–1 | Sr. | Anderson, Indiana |
| 23 | Delray Brooks | G | 6–4 | So. | Michigan City, Indiana |
| 24 | Daryl Thomas | F/C | 6–7 | Jr. | Westchester, Illinois |
| 30 | Todd Meier | F/C | 6–8 | Jr. | Oshkosh, Wisconsin |
| 32 | Steve Eyl | F | 6–6 | So. | Hamilton, Ohio |
| 34 | Andre Harris | F | 6–6 | Jr. | Grand Rapids, Michigan |
| 35 | Jeff Oliphant | G | 6–5 | RS Fr. | Lyons, Indiana |
| 42 | Kreigh Smith | G/F | 6–7 | RS So. | Tipton, Indiana |
| 44 | Joe Hillman | G | 6–2 | RS So. | Glendale, California |
| 45 | Brian Sloan | F/C | 6–8 | RS So. | McLeansboro, Illinois |
| 52 | Courtney Witte | F/C | 6–8 | Sr. | Vincennes, Indiana |

## Schedule/Results

| Date
time, TV | Rank# | Opponent# | Result | Record | Site
city, state |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Regular Season | | | | | | | |
| 11/30/1985*
 |  | Kent State | **W** 89–73 | 1–0
 | Assembly Hall
Bloomington, IN |
| 12/3/1985*
 | No. 19 | No. 11 Notre Dame | **W** 82–67 | 2–0
 | Assembly Hall
Bloomington, IN |
| 12/7/1985*
 | No. 19 | at No. 9 Kentucky
*Indiana–Kentucky rivalry* | **L** 58–63 | 2–1
 | Rupp Arena
Lexington, KY |
| 12/10/1985*
 | No. 18 | Kansas State | **W** 78–71 | 3–1
 | Assembly Hall
Bloomington, IN |
| 12/13/1985*
 | No. 18 | Louisiana Tech
*Indiana Classic* | **W** 84–63 | 4–1
 | Assembly Hall
Bloomington, IN |
| 12/14/1985*
 | No. 18 | Texas Tech
*Indiana Classic* | **W** 74–59 | 5–1
 | Assembly Hall
Bloomington, IN |
| 12/18/1985*
 | No. 17 | at No. 16 Louisville | **L** 63–65 | 5–2
 | Freedom Hall
Louisville, KY |
| 12/21/1985*
 | No. 17 | Iowa State | **W** 86–65 | 6–2
 | Assembly Hall
Bloomington, IN |
| 12/27/1985*
 | No. 17 | vs. Idaho
*Hoosier Classic* | **W** 87–57 | 7–2
 | Market Square Arena
Indianapolis, IN |
| 12/28/1985*
 | No. 17 | vs. Mississippi State
*Hoosier Classic* | **W** 74–73 | 8–2
 | Market Square Arena
Indianapolis, IN |
| 1/2/1986
 | No. 15 | No. 2 Michigan | **L** 69–74 | 8–3
(0–1) | Assembly Hall
Bloomington, IN |
| 1/5/1986
 | No. 15 | Michigan State | **L** 74–77 | 8–4
(0–2) | Assembly Hall
Bloomington, IN |
| 1/9/1986
 |  | at Northwestern | **W** 102–65 | 9–4
(1–2) | Welsh-Ryan Arena
Evanston, IL |
| 1/11/1986
 |  | at Wisconsin | **W** 80–69 | 10–4
(2–2) | Wisconsin Field House
Madison, WI |
| 1/15/1986
 |  | Ohio State | **W** 69–66 | 11–4
(3–2) | Assembly Hall
Bloomington, IN |
| 1/23/1986
 |  | No. 15 Purdue
*Rivalry* | **W** 71–70 | 12–4
(4–2) | Assembly Hall
Bloomington, IN |
| 1/25/1986
 |  | Illinois
*Rivalry* | **W** 71–69 | 13–4
(5–2) | Assembly Hall
Bloomington, IN |
| 1/30/1986
 | No. 15 | at Iowa | **L** 69–79 | 13–5
(5–3) | Carver-Hawkeye Arena
Iowa City, IA |
| 2/1/1986
 | No. 15 | at Minnesota | **W** 62–54 | 14–5
(6–3) | Williams Arena
Minneapolis, MN |
| 2/6/1986
 | No. 18 | Wisconsin | **W** 78–69 | 15–5
(7–3) | Assembly Hall
Bloomington, IN |
| 2/8/1986
 | No. 18 | Northwestern | **W** 77–52 | 16–5
(8–3) | Assembly Hall
Bloomington, IN |
| 2/16/1986
 | No. 16 | at Ohio State | **W** 84–75 | 17–5
(9–3) | St. John Arena
Columbus, OH |
| 2/20/1986
 | No. 15 | at Illinois
*Rivalry* | **W** 61–60 | 18–5
(10–3) | Assembly Hall
Champaign, IL |
| 2/23/1986
 | No. 15 | at Purdue
*Rivalry* | **L** 68–85 | 18–6
(10–4) | Mackey Arena
West Lafayette, IN |
| 2/27/1986
 | No. 16 | Minnesota | **W** 95–63 | 19–6
(11–4) | Assembly Hall
Bloomington, IN |
| 3/2/1986
 | No. 16 | Iowa | **W** 80–73 | 20–6
(12–4) | Assembly Hall
Bloomington, IN |
| 3/5/1986
Lorimar | No. 16 | at No. 17 Michigan State | **W** 97–79 | 21–6
(13–4) | Jenison Fieldhouse
East Lansing, MI |
| 3/8/1986
CBS | No. 16 | at No. 7 Michigan | **L** 52–80 | 21–7
(13–5) | Crisler Arena
Ann Arbor, MI |
| NCAA tournament | | | | | | | |
| 3/13/1986*
NCAA/ESPN | (3 E)  No. 16 | vs. (14 E) Cleveland State
*First Round* | **L** 79–83 | 21–8
 | Carrier Dome
Syracuse, NY |
| *Non-conference game. #Rankings from AP Poll. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses. | | | | | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

| 1985–86 Indiana Hoosiers men's basketball | |
| --- | --- |
| NCAA men's Division I tournament, Round of 64 | |
| Conference | Big Ten Conference |
| Ranking | |
| Coaches | No. 14 |
| AP | No. 16 |
| Record | 21–8 (13–5 Big Ten) |
| Head coach |  |
| Assistant coaches |  |
| Captain | Steve Alford
Winston Morgan
Stew Robinson |
| Home arena | Assembly Hall |
|


title: Elizabeth Felmersham

abstract: Elizabeth Felmersham became the English abbess of the Benedictine Godstow Abbey at a time when the abbey was not well regulated.

text:
# Elizabeth Felmersham

**Elizabeth Felmersham** (? – 1446) became the English abbess of the Benedictine Godstow Abbey at a time when the abbey was not well regulated.

## Life

The details of Felmersham's early life are unclear but her family is presumed to have come from Felmersham in Bedfordshire and at some time her family moved to Oxfordshire. Records show that a William Felmersham owned property in Oxfordshire in the 1420s.

Elizabeth Pytte had been the abbess of the Benedictine Godstow Abbey when Felmersham was elected to be the abbess. The nuns were not well disciplined and she had the task of managing the abbey and in bringing the nuns into good order. The abbey had been built on an island in the River Thames just outside the university town of Oxford. The poor state of the abbey's discipline was reported in 1432.

She struggled to keep the nuns and the students apart but she admitted that "secular folk have often access to the nuns" and that she could not prevent visitors. The nuns would engage in conversation with these visitors and they did ask her permission. A nun name Alice Longspey would meet with the priest Hugh Sadler with the defence that they were kinspeople. Similarly Dame Okeley was singled out for talking too much to visitors at the door and for ignoring the instructions of Felmersham.

She was still abbess in 1445 and died the following year. The date is unknown but the Godstow community of nuns was given permission to elect a new abbess on 14 July 1446. The elected replacement was Alice Lumley.

## InfoBox

| Elizabeth Felmersham | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | prob.Oxfordshire |
| Died | 1446 |
| Nationality | Kingdom of England |
| Occupation | nun |
| Known for | Abbess of Godstow Abbey |
| Predecessor | Elizabeth Pytte |


title: 1983–84 Detroit Pistons season

abstract: The 1983–84 NBA season was the Detroit Pistons' 36th season in the NBA and 27th season in the city of Detroit. The team played at the Pontiac Silverdome in suburban Pontiac, Michigan. During the 1984 playoffs against the New York Knicks, the Silverdome had a venue conflict that forced the team to play their last playoff game in Detroit proper at the Detroit Red Wings' home, Joe Louis Arena, in the fifth and deciding game of the round. The team would play a number of home games, both regular season and post-season, at the venue over the next few seasons before eventually getting an arena of their own four years later. New coach Chuck Daly made an immediate impact on the team, leading the Pistons to their first winning season and post-season berth since the 1976-77 season. Detroit finished with a 49-33 (.598) record, 2nd in the Central Division. In the first round series, the Pistons faced off with the New York Knicks and star Bernard King. The tightly contested series went to a 5th game at a sold-out Joe Louis Arena in downtown Detroit. The Pistons trailed by eight points with 1:34 remaining in the fourth quarter, when Thomas caught fire, scoring 16 points in the remaining 94 seconds to force overtime, but it wasn't enough to overcome King's 44 points as the Pistons fell 127–123 in a playoff classic. Part of the 5th game in the series was the atmosphere as the Pistons returned to the city proper after moving to the Silverdome in 1978. Thomas said, "I must say that it was a wild scene. Coleman Young called me up and said, ‘Welcome to the city.’ Everybody in the hood was like, ‘Zeke, you’re coming to put on a show tonight.’ And being a city guy, it was almost like you were going home. When I got into Joe Louis, the atmosphere was so electric, it was awesome. You can't describe it—it made you want to get off. I just felt like I could do anything. The fans were screaming and every move you made, people were oohing and aahing—it was sweet. I'm not a Baptist; I was raised Catholic. But sometimes I'd go to a Baptist church and you'll see what they call the Holy Ghost, where the spirit will take over their body and it moves them. During that game I got the Holy Ghost — I just got the spirit into my body and I was doing stuff and making moves — I felt I was above the court looking at everybody and I could just do anything. It was great!" Detroit was led on the season by guard Thomas, center Bill Laimbeer and forward Kelly Tripucka. On Dec 13, 1983, the Pistons finished 3OT with the Nuggets. The pistons beat Nuggets 186-184. This is the highest scoring game in NBA history. Thomas scored 47. Kiki Vandeweghe scored 51 and Alex English also scored 47 points.

text:
# 1983–84 Detroit Pistons season

The **1983–84 NBA season** was the Detroit Pistons' 36th season in the NBA and 27th season in the city of Detroit. The team played at the Pontiac Silverdome in suburban Pontiac, Michigan.

During the 1984 playoffs against the New York Knicks, the Silverdome had a venue conflict that forced the team to play their last playoff game in Detroit proper at the Detroit Red Wings' home, Joe Louis Arena, in the fifth and deciding game of the round. The team would play a number of home games, both regular season and post-season, at the venue over the next few seasons (due to the roof collapsing) before eventually getting an arena of their own four years later.

New coach Chuck Daly made an immediate impact on the team, leading the Pistons to their first winning season and post-season berth since the 1976-77 season. Detroit finished with a 49-33 (.598) record, 2nd in the Central Division. In the first round series, the Pistons faced off with the New York Knicks and star Bernard King. The tightly contested series went to a 5th game at a sold-out Joe Louis Arena in downtown Detroit. The Pistons trailed by eight points with 1:34 remaining in the fourth quarter, when Thomas caught fire, scoring 16 points in the remaining 94 seconds to force overtime, but it wasn't enough to overcome King's 44 points as the Pistons fell 127–123 in a playoff classic.

Part of the 5th game in the series was the atmosphere as the Pistons returned to the city proper after moving to the Silverdome in 1978. Thomas said, "I must say that it was a wild scene. Coleman Young called me up and said, ‘Welcome to the city.’ Everybody in the hood was like, ‘Zeke, you’re coming to put on a show tonight.’ And being a city guy, it was almost like you were going home. When I got into Joe Louis, the atmosphere was so electric, it was awesome. You can't describe it—it made you want to get off. I just felt like I could do anything. The fans were screaming and every move you made, people were oohing and aahing—it was sweet. I'm not a Baptist; I was raised Catholic. But sometimes I'd go to a Baptist church and you'll see what they call the Holy Ghost, where the spirit will take over their body and it moves them. During that game I got the Holy Ghost — I just got the spirit into my body and I was doing stuff and making moves — I felt I was above the court looking at everybody and I could just do anything. It was great!"

Detroit was led on the season by guard Thomas (21.3 ppg, 11.1 apg, NBA All-Star), center Bill Laimbeer (17.3 ppg, 12.2 rpg, NBA All-Star) and forward Kelly Tripucka (21.3 ppg, NBA All-Star).

On Dec 13, 1983, the Pistons finished 3OT with the Nuggets. The pistons beat Nuggets 186-184. This is the highest scoring game in NBA history. Thomas scored 47. Kiki Vandeweghe scored 51 and Alex English also scored 47 points.

## Draft picks

| Round | Pick | Player | Position | Nationality | College |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 8 | Antoine Carr | PF/C | United States | Wichita State |
| 5 | 101 | Ken Austin | PF | United States | Rice |
|

## Roster

| No. | Name | Pos. | Height | Weight | DOB (YYYY-MM-DD) | From |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 34 | Ken Austin | SF | 6-9 | 205 | 1961-07-15 | Rice |
| 54 | Kent Benson | C | 6-10 | 235 | 1954-12-27 | Indiana |
| 23 | Earl Cureton | C | 6-9 | 210 | 1957-09-03 | Detroit Mercy |
| 9 | Lionel Hollins | PG | 6-3 | 185 | 1953-10-19 | Arizona State |
| 15 | Vinnie Johnson | SG | 6-2 | 200 | 1956-09-01 | Baylor |
| 40 | Bill Laimbeer | C | 6-11 | 245 | 1957-05-19 | Notre Dame |
| 53 | Cliff Levingston | PF | 6-8 | 210 | 1961-01-04 | Wichita State |
| 25 | John Long | SG | 6-5 | 195 | 1956-08-28 | Detroit Mercy |
| 33 | Walker Russell | PG | 6-5 | 195 | 1960-10-21 | Western Michigan |
| 22 | David Thirdkill | SF | 6-7 | 195 | 1960-04-12 | Bradley |
| 11 | Isiah Thomas | PG | 6-1 | 180 | 1961-04-30 | Indiana |
| 24 | Ray Tolbert |  | 6-9 | 225 | 1958-09-10 | Indiana |
| 7 | Kelly Tripucka | SF | 6-6 | 220 | 1959-02-16 | Notre Dame |
| 41 | Terry Tyler | SF | 6-7 | 215 | 1956-10-30 | Detroit Mercy |

## Regular season

### Season standings

|  | W | L | PCT | GB | Home | Road | Div |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **y**-Milwaukee Bucks | 50 | 32 | .610 |  | 30–11 | 20–21 | 19–10 |
| **x**-Detroit Pistons | 49 | 33 | .598 | 1 | 30–11 | 19–22 | 21–8 |
| **x**-Atlanta Hawks | 40 | 42 | .488 | 10 | 31–10 | 9–32 | 16–14 |
| Cleveland Cavaliers | 28 | 54 | .341 | 22 | 23–18 | 5–36 | 11–19 |
| Chicago Bulls | 27 | 55 | .329 | 23 | 18–23 | 9–32 | 10–20 |
| Indiana Pacers | 26 | 56 | .317 | 24 | 20–21 | 6–35 | 12–18 |

| # |  | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Team | W | L | PCT | GB |
| 1 | **z**-Boston Celtics | 62 | 20 | .756 |  |
| 2 | **y**-Milwaukee Bucks | 50 | 32 | .610 | 12 |
| 3 | **x**-Philadelphia 76ers | 52 | 30 | .634 | 10 |
| 4 | **x**-Detroit Pistons | 49 | 33 | .598 | 13 |
| 5 | **x**-New York Knicks | 47 | 35 | .573 | 15 |
| 6 | **x**-New Jersey Nets | 45 | 37 | .549 | 17 |
| 7 | **x**-Atlanta Hawks | 40 | 42 | .488 | 22 |
| 8 | **x**-Washington Bullets | 35 | 47 | .427 | 27 |
|  | | | | | |
| 9 | Cleveland Cavaliers | 28 | 54 | .341 | 34 |
| 10 | Chicago Bulls | 27 | 55 | .329 | 35 |
| 11 | Indiana Pacers | 26 | 56 | .317 | 36 |

**z** \- clinched division title **y** \- clinched division title **x** \- clinched playoff spot

### Record vs. opponents

| 1983-84 NBA Records | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | ATL | BOS | CHI | CLE | DAL | DEN | DET | GSW | HOU | IND | KCK | LAL | MIL | NJN | NYK | PHI | PHO | POR | SAS | SDC | SEA | UTA | WAS |
| Atlanta |  | 0–5 | 4–2 | 3–3 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 2–4 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 4–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 3–3 | 3–3 | 4–1 | 5–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 4–2 |
| Boston | 5–0 |  | 5–0 | 6–0 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 4–2 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 5–1 | 2–0 | 0–2 | 5–1 | 4–2 | 3–3 | 2–4 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 4–2 |
| Chicago | 2–4 | 0–5 |  | 2–4 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 1–5 | 2–0 | 0–2 | 3–3 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 2–4 | 2–4 | 2–4 | 2–3 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 2–4 |
| Cleveland | 3–3 | 0–6 | 4–2 |  | 1–1 | 0–2 | 1–5 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–4 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 1–5 | 2–3 | 1–5 | 2–4 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 4–1 |
| Dallas | 1–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 |  | 4–2 | 0–2 | 4–1 | 4–2 | 2–0 | 3–3 | 3–2 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 3–2 | 2–3 | 4–2 | 4–1 | 1–4 | 4–2 | 0–2 |
| Denver | 2–0 | 0–2 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 2–4 |  | 1–1 | 2–3 | 4–2 | 0–2 | 4–2 | 1–4 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–3 | 1–4 | 3–3 | 3–2 | 2–3 | 3–3 | 0–2 |
| Detroit | 4–2 | 2–4 | 5–1 | 5–1 | 2–0 | 1–1 |  | 1–1 | 1–1 | 4–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 3–2 | 1–4 | 4–2 | 3–3 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 3–3 |
| Golden State | 1–1 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–4 | 3–2 | 1–1 |  | 2–3 | 2–0 | 4–1 | 3–3 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–5 | 2–4 | 3–2 | 3–3 | 4–2 | 1–4 | 2–0 |
| Houston | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 2–4 | 2–4 | 1–1 | 3–2 |  | 1–1 | 2–4 | 1–4 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 2–3 | 1–4 | 2–4 | 2–3 | 3–2 | 1–5 | 0–2 |
| Indiana | 2–4 | 1–5 | 3–3 | 4–2 | 0–2 | 2–0 | 2–4 | 0–2 | 1–1 |  | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–5 | 1–5 | 2–4 | 0–5 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–4 |
| Kansas City | 2–0 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 3–3 | 2–4 | 1–1 | 1–4 | 4–2 | 2–0 |  | 0–5 | 0–2 | 2–0 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 2–3 | 2–3 | 5–1 | 3–2 | 1–4 | 3–3 | 2–0 |
| Los Angeles | 2–0 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 2–3 | 4–1 | 1–1 | 3–3 | 4–1 | 1–1 | 5–0 |  | 2–0 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 3–3 | 5–1 | 2–3 | 4–2 | 3–3 | 4–1 | 1–1 |
| Milwaukee | 3–3 | 1–5 | 4–2 | 5–1 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 2–3 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 5–1 | 2–0 | 0–2 |  | 4–2 | 4–1 | 2–4 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 5–1 |
| New Jersey | 3–3 | 2–4 | 4–2 | 3–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 4–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 5–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 2–4 |  | 3–3 | 3–3 | 2–0 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 4–2 |
| New York | 1–4 | 3–3 | 4–1 | 5–1 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 2–4 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 4–2 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 1–4 | 3–3 |  | 2–4 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 4–2 |
| Philadelphia | 1–5 | 4–2 | 3–2 | 4–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 3–3 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 5–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 4–2 | 3–3 | 4–2 |  | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 4–2 |
| Phoenix | 1–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–3 | 3–2 | 0–2 | 5–1 | 3–2 | 1–1 | 3–2 | 3–3 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 |  | 2–4 | 5–0 | 4–2 | 2–4 | 1–4 | 2–0 |
| Portland | 2–0 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 3–2 | 4–1 | 1–1 | 4–2 | 4–1 | 1–1 | 3–2 | 1–5 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 4–2 |  | 4–1 | 4–2 | 4–2 | 1–4 | 1–1 |
| San Antonio | 1–1 | 0–2 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 2–4 | 3–3 | 1–1 | 2–3 | 4–2 | 2–0 | 1–5 | 3–2 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–5 | 1–4 |  | 4–1 | 2–3 | 4–2 | 1–1 |
| San Diego | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–4 | 2–3 | 0–2 | 3–3 | 3–2 | 1–1 | 2–3 | 2–4 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 2–4 | 2–4 | 1–4 |  | 3–3 | 2–3 | 1–1 |
| Seattle | 1–1 | 0–2 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 4–1 | 3–2 | 1–1 | 2–4 | 2–3 | 1–1 | 4–1 | 3–3 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 4–2 | 2–4 | 3–2 | 3–3 |  | 1–4 | 1–1 |
| Utah | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 2–4 | 3–3 | 1–1 | 4–1 | 5–1 | 1–1 | 3–3 | 1–4 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 4–1 | 4–1 | 2–4 | 3–2 | 4–1 |  | 1–1 |
| Washington | 2–4 | 2–4 | 4–2 | 1–4 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 3–3 | 0–2 | 2–0 | 4–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–5 | 2–4 | 2–4 | 2–4 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 |  |

## Game log

### Regular season

| 1983–84 game log
Total: 49–33 (home: 30–11; road: 19–22) |
| --- |
|
| October: 1–1 (home: 1–0; road: 0–1)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Record  1 October 28, 1983 Boston W 127–121    Pontiac Silverdome 1–0 |
| November: 7–8 (home: 6–2; road: 1–6)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Record  3 November 1, 1983 Milwaukee W 106–93    Pontiac Silverdome 2–1  7 November 11, 1983 @ Boston L 118–126    Boston Garden 3–4  11 November 18, 1983 Utah W 128–120    Pontiac Silverdome 6–5  12 November 19, 1983 @ New York L 101–104 (OT)    Madison Square Garden 6–6  16 November 27, 1983 @ Boston L 99–114    Boston Garden 7–9 |
| December: 8–5 (home: 5–2; road: 3–3)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Record  24 December 17, 1983 Boston L 115–129    Pontiac Silverdome 11–13  29 December 28, 1983 @ New York W 111–108    Madison Square Garden 15–14 |
| January: 7–6 (home: 4–2; road: 3–4)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Record  32 January 4, 1984 Phoenix W 128–114    Pontiac Silverdome 17–15  33 January 6, 1984 New York W 118–107    Pontiac Silverdome 18–15  34 January 8, 1984 @ Milwaukee W 111–100    MECCA Arena 19–15 |
| February: 11–4 (home: 6–1; road: 5–3)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Record  46 February 5, 1984 @ Boston L 134–137 (OT)    Boston Garden 25–21  54 February 22, 1984 New York W 114–111    Pontiac Silverdome 31–23 |
| March: 10–7 (home: 5–4; road: 5–3)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Record  59 March 2, 1984 New York L 102–117    Pontiac Silverdome 34–25  60 March 4, 1984 Los Angeles L 114–118    Pontiac Silverdome 34–26  65 March 13, 1984 @ Milwaukee L 95–116    MECCA Arena 38–27  68 March 19, 1984 @ Utah L 125–143    Salt Palace Acord Arena 38–30  70 March 23, 1984 @ Los Angeles W 121–118    The Forum 40–30  71 March 24, 1984 @ Phoenix W 120–109    Arizona Veterans Memorial Coliseum 41–30  75 March 31, 1984 Milwaukee W 107–105    Pontiac Silverdome 44–31 |
| April: 5–2 (home: 3–0; road: 2–2)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Record  77 April 6, 1984 @ New York W 115–107    Madison Square Garden 46–31  78 April 7, 1984 @ Milwaukee L 92–110    MECCA Arena 46–32  81 April 13, 1984 Boston W 128–120 (OT)    Pontiac Silverdome 49–32 |
| 1983–84 schedule | |

### Playoffs

| 1984 playoff game log |
| --- |
|
| Eastern Conference First Round: 2–3 (home: 1–2; road: 1–1)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Series  1 April 17, 1984 New York L 93–94 Kelly Tripucka (26) Kent Benson (14) Isiah Thomas (9) Pontiac Silverdome
14,127 0–1  2 April 19, 1984 New York W 113–105 Bill Laimbeer (31) Bill Laimbeer (15) Isiah Thomas (13) Pontiac Silverdome
14,275 1–1  3 April 22, 1984 @ New York L 113–120 Kelly Tripucka (40) Bill Laimbeer (10) Isiah Thomas (5) Madison Square Garden
16,354 1–2  4 April 25, 1984 @ New York W 119–112 Isiah Thomas (22) Bill Laimbeer (10) Isiah Thomas (16) Madison Square Garden
18,205 2–2  5 April 27, 1984 New York L 123–127 (OT) Isiah Thomas (35) Bill Laimbeer (17) Isiah Thomas (12) Joe Louis Arena
21,208 2–3 |
| 1984 schedule | |

## Awards and records

## InfoBox

| 1983–84 Detroit Pistons season | |
| --- | --- |
| Head coach | Chuck Daly |
| General manager | Jack McCloskey |
| Owners | William Davidson |
| Arena | Pontiac Silverdome |
| Results | |
| Record | 4933 (.598) |
| Place | Division: 2nd (Central)
Conference: 4th (Eastern) |
| Playoff finish | First round
(lost to Knicks 2–3) |
| ---  Stats at **Basketball-Reference.com** | |
|


title: 1983–84 Divizia A

abstract: The 1983–84 Divizia A was the sixty-sixth season of Divizia A, the top-level football league of Romania.

text:
# 1983–84 Divizia A

The **1983–84 Divizia A** was the sixty-sixth season of Divizia A, the top-level football league of Romania.

## Teams

UniversitateaArgeșSC BacăuBihorPolitehnicaChimiaOltJiulCorvinulASAFC Baia MareDunărea CSUPetrolulCS TârgovișteBucharest**Bucharest teams:**
Dinamo
Steaua
Sportul Studențesc
Rapidclass=notpageimage|Location of teams in **1983-84 Divizia A**

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Dinamo București (C) | 34 | 19 | 11 | 4 | 69 | 36 | +33 | 49 | Qualification to European Cup first round |
| 2 | Steaua București | 34 | 21 | 5 | 8 | 59 | 23 | +36 | 47 | Qualification to Cup Winners' Cup first round |
| 3 | Universitatea Craiova | 34 | 18 | 7 | 9 | 57 | 27 | +30 | 43 | Qualification to UEFA Cup first round |
| 4 | Sportul Studenţesc București | 34 | 17 | 6 | 11 | 57 | 43 | +14 | | 40 |
| 5 | Argeș Pitești | 34 | 17 | 4 | 13 | 42 | 33 | +9 | 38 | Invitation to Balkans Cup |
| 6 | SC Bacău | 34 | 15 | 5 | 14 | 36 | 47 | 11 | | 35 |
| 7 | Bihor Oradea | 34 | 14 | 6 | 14 | 50 | 46 | +4 | 34 |  |
| 8 | Politehnica Iași | 34 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 32 | 36 | 4 | | 34 |
| 9 | Chimia Râmnicu Vâlcea | 34 | 14 | 6 | 14 | 40 | 50 | 10 | | 34 |
| 10 | Olt Scornicești | 34 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 38 | 27 | +11 | | 33 |
| 11 | Jiul Petroșani | 34 | 13 | 7 | 14 | 34 | 47 | 13 | | 33 |
| 12 | Corvinul Hunedoara | 34 | 12 | 8 | 14 | 46 | 44 | +2 | | 32 |
| 13 | Rapid București | 34 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 30 | 34 | 4 | | 31 |
| 14 | ASA Târgu Mureș | 34 | 12 | 6 | 16 | 36 | 46 | 10 | | 30 |
| 15 | FC Baia Mare | 34 | 12 | 6 | 16 | 40 | 59 | 19 | | 30 |
| 16 | Dunărea Galați (R) | 34 | 9 | 10 | 15 | 32 | 41 | 9 | 28 | Relegation to Divizia B |
| 17 | Petrolul Ploiești (R) | 34 | 9 | 7 | 18 | 33 | 49 | 16 | | 25 |
| 18 | CS Târgoviște (R) | 34 | 5 | 6 | 23 | 27 | 70 | 43 | | 16 |

Source: LT
Rules for classification: 1) points; 2) goal difference; 3) number of goals scored
(C) Champions; (R) Relegated

### Results

| Home \ Away | ASA | ARG | BAC | BAI | BHO | COR | UCR | DIN | DUN | JIU | OLT | PET | PIA | RAP | RAM | SPO | STE | TAR |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| ASA Târgu Mureș |  | 3–1 | 3–1 | 2–0 | 4–1 | 2–1 | 0–0 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 3–0 | 2–1 | 2–1 | 2–0 | 1–0 | 1–1 | 0–1 | 0–0 | 2–1 |
| Argeș Pitești | 1–0 |  | 4–0 | 3–0 | 3–1 | 2–0 | 2–1 | 1–1 | 2–1 | 2–0 | 1–0 | 3–1 | 3–0 | 1–1 | 3–1 | 0–0 | 0–2 | 1–0 |
| Bacău | 1–0 | 0–1 |  | 2–0 | 1–0 | 1–1 | 1–0 | 1–1 | 2–1 | 2–0 | 2–1 | 0–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 2–1 | 2–0 | 3–0 | 2–1 |
| Baia Mare | 2–0 | 0–2 | 4–0 |  | 0–0 | 2–1 | 1–0 | 2–2 | 2–4 | 4–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 4–0 | 3–0 | 3–1 | 2–1 | 1–0 | 1–0 |
| Bihor Oradea | 4–0 | 3–0 | 1–0 | 4–0 |  | 1–1 | 1–1 | 4–1 | 2–0 | 4–1 | 1–1 | 4–2 | 2–1 | 0–0 | 4–1 | 1–4 | 1–0 | 3–0 |
| Corvinul Hunedoara | 1–0 | 3–1 | 2–0 | 4–1 | 1–0 |  | 1–2 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 0–2 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 0–0 | 0–0 | 1–2 | 3–1 |
| Universitatea Craiova | 2–0 | 3–0 | 4–1 | 4–0 | 4–2 | 1–0 |  | 3–0 | 2–2 | 0–0 | 1–0 | 3–0 | 1–2 | 1–0 | 6–1 | 4–1 | 2–1 | 4–0 |
| Dinamo București | 3–0 | 1–0 | 4–1 | 4–1 | 3–1 | 4–2 | 2–1 |  | 3–1 | 6–2 | 3–1 | 4–0 | 4–1 | 1–0 | 2–0 | 3–1 | 0–3 | 3–0 |
| Dunărea Galați | 1–0 | 1–0 | 0–1 | 0–0 | 0–2 | 3–1 | 0–1 | 0–0 |  | 2–0 | 0–0 | 2–0 | 0–0 | 0–0 | 3–1 | 0–0 | 3–1 | 3–1 |
| Jiul Petroșani | 1–0 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 1–0 | 3–0 | 2–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–1 |  | 2–0 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 0–0 | 1–0 | 3–2 | 0–0 | 2–1 |
| Olt Scornicești | 4–0 | 1–0 | 2–0 | 3–0 | 4–1 | 0–0 | 0–1 | 1–0 | 1–1 | 5–0 |  | 1–1 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 0–0 | 2–0 | 0–1 | 2–0 |
| Petrolul Ploiești | 2–0 | 0–1 | 0–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 2–4 | 1–0 | 0–0 | 0–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 |  | 1–1 | 3–1 | 2–0 | 0–2 | 0–1 | 6–1 |
| Politehnica Iași | 2–1 | 2–1 | 0–1 | 1–0 | 0–0 | 3–0 | 0–0 | 0–0 | 3–1 | 4–0 | 0–0 | 2–0 |  | 2–0 | 2–0 | 1–0 | 0–2 | 2–0 |
| Rapid București | 1–1 | 0–2 | 2–0 | 2–1 | 0–1 | 2–1 | 0–0 | 1–2 | 2–0 | 1–0 | 1–1 | 1–0 | 0–0 |  | 4–2 | 0–1 | 1–1 | 3–0 |
| Chimia Râmnicu Vâlcea | 2–1 | 1–0 | 3–2 | 1–0 | 1–0 | 2–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–0 | 1–0 | 1–0 | 3–1 | 2–0 | 0–0 |  | 4–2 | 1–0 | 3–0 |
| Sportul Studențesc București | 3–2 | 2–1 | 1–1 | 6–2 | 3–1 | 1–0 | 3–0 | 0–3 | 3–0 | 0–0 | 2–1 | 1–2 | 1–1 | 1–2 | 3–2 |  | 2–1 | 3–1 |
| Steaua București | 5–0 | 2–0 | 4–0 | 7–0 | 1–0 | 1–0 | 2–1 | 1–1 | 3–0 | 1–0 | 1–0 | 3–0 | 3–1 | 2–1 | 3–1 | 0–2 |  | 4–0 |
| Târgoviște | 1–1 | 0–0 | 2–2 | 0–1 | 3–0 | 2–3 | 2–1 | 2–3 | 1–0 | 2–1 | 0–1 | 1–0 | 0–0 | 1–3 | 1–1 | 1–5 | 1–1 |  |

Source: LT (in Romanian)
Legend: Blue = home team win; Yellow = draw; Red = away team win.

## Top goalscorers

| Position | Player | Club | Goals |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Marcel Coraș | Sportul Studenţesc | 18 |
| 2 | Ionel Augustin | Dinamo București | 17 |
| | Rodion Cămătaru | Universitatea Craiova | |
| 4 | Marin Dragnea | Dinamo București | 15 |
| 5 | Gheorghe Tulba | FC Baia Mare | 14 |

## Champion squad

| Dinamo București |
| --- |
| **Goalkeepers:** Dumitru Moraru (31 / 0); Constantin Eftimescu (4 / 0); Ovidiu Barba (1 / 0).
**Defenders:** Mircea Rednic (31 / 0); Marin Ion (28 / 0); Alexandru Nicolae (30 / 0); Ioan Andone (24 / 1); Nelu Stănescu (26 / 2); Ioan Mărginean (19 / 1); Liviu Baicea (1 / 0).
**Midfielders:** Gheorghe Mulțescu (23 / 8); Ionel Augustin (31 / 17); Marin Dragnea (29 / 15); Alexandru Custov (28 / 2); Lică Movilă (19 / 1); Viorel Radu (9 / 1); Grațian Moldovan (8 / 0).
**Forwards:** Cornel Țălnar (30 / 1); Iulius Nemțeanu (7 / 5); Gheorghe Iamandi (19 / 5); Costel Orac (23 / 5); Răzvan Dima (2 / 1); Viorel Turcu (11 / 2).
*(league appearances and goals listed in brackets)*
**Manager:** Nicolae Dumitru. |

## InfoBox

Divizia A
| Season | 1983–84 |
| --- | --- |
| Champions | Dinamo București |
| Matches played | 306 |
| Goals scored | 758 (2.48 per match) |
| Top goalscorer | Marcel Coraș (18) |
| 1982–83 1984–85 | |


title: 1986 Laurence Olivier Awards

abstract: The 1986 Laurence Olivier Awards were presented by the Society of London Theatre on 7 December 1986 at the Royalty Theatre in London, celebrating excellence in West End theatre. It was broadcast by BBC Television, though the broadcast date and specific BBC station is not available – the 2003 Oliviers, for example, aired on BBC Two the evening after the live event.

text:
# 1986 Laurence Olivier Awards

The **1986 Laurence Olivier Awards** were presented by the Society of London Theatre on 7 December 1986 at the Royalty Theatre in London, celebrating excellence in West End theatre. It was broadcast by BBC Television, though the broadcast date and specific BBC station is not available  the 2003 Oliviers, for example, aired on BBC Two the evening after the live event.

## Winners and nominees

Details of winners (in **bold**) and nominees, in each award category, per the Society of London Theatre.

| Play of the Year | Musical of the Year |
| --- | --- |
|  |  |
| Comedy of the Year |
|  |
| Actor of the Year | Actress of the Year |
|  |  |
| Outstanding Performance of the Year by an Actor in a Musical | Outstanding Performance of the Year by an Actress in a Musical |
|  |  |
| Comedy Performance of the Year |
|  |
| Outstanding Performance of the Year in a Supporting Role | Most Promising Newcomer of the Year in Theatre |
|  |  |
| Director of the Year |
|  |
| Designer of the Year |
|  |
| Outstanding Achievement of the Year in Dance | Outstanding Achievement in Opera |
|  |  |
| Award for Outstanding Achievement |
|  |

## Productions with multiple nominations and awards

The following 15 productions, including two operas, received multiple nominations:

The following four productions received multiple awards:

## InfoBox

| 1986 Laurence Olivier Awards | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | 7 December 1986 |
| Location | Royalty Theatre |
| Television/radio coverage | |
| Network | BBC Television |
|


abstract: The 1984 United States presidential election in North Dakota took place on November 6, 1984. All 50 states and the District of Columbia, were part of the 1984 United States presidential election. State voters chose three electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president of the United States. North Dakota was won by incumbent United States President Ronald Reagan of California, who was running against former Vice President Walter Mondale of Minnesota. Reagan ran for a second time with former C.I.A. Director George H. W. Bush of Texas, and Mondale ran with Representative Geraldine Ferraro of New York, the first major female candidate for the vice presidency. The presidential election of 1984 was a very partisan election for North Dakota, with over 98% of the electorate voting for either the Democratic or Republican parties, though several parties appeared on the ballot. Every county gave either Mondale or Reagan a majority; the vast majority—all but two—gave Reagan a majority. Reagan's best county was McIntosh County, where he got 81.5% of the vote; Mondale's was Sioux County, where he got 58.6% of the vote. Reagan exceeded 70% in 15 counties, including Stark (Dickinson), the state's seventh-largest at the time. North Dakota weighed in for this election as 13% more Republican than the national average. Reagan won North Dakota by a landslide 31-point margin. His 64.84% vote share made it his twelfth-best state. He carried every county in the state save the majority Native American counties of Sioux and Rolette; he had previously carried Sioux County in 1980. He performed well in both the more populous counties—earning over 60% of the vote in Cass County (Fargo) and Grand Forks County, and over 2/3 of the vote in Burleigh County (Bismarck) and Ward County (Minot)--as well as in its more rural areas. In only eight counties did his vote share even dip below his national share of 58.8%, and in only two was the margin less than 5%. None of these counties cast more than 4,000 votes. Apart from its vote for Woodrow Wilson in 1912, the election where the Republican Party was badly split between Theodore Roosevelt's progressive Bull Moose Party and William Howard Taft's conservative supporters; the nationally close election of 1916 and its vote for Populist James Weaver in 1892, North Dakota has been a typically Republican state since its admittance in 1889. Indeed, no Republican has won the White House without North Dakota since its admittance to the Union. Alone amongst the free-soil Plains West states, it resisted the appeal of William Jennings Bryan in 1896, and was Warren Harding's best state in 1920. Even so, Reagan's victory in the state was one of the stronger ones compared to other recent Republican landslide winners. His vote share exceeded, for example, Nixon's in 1972 and Eisenhower's in 1956. Reagan's particularly strong appeal in the Flickertail State was first on display in 1980, when Reagan exceeded his national vote share by over 10% in the state. Reagan's 64.84% vote share would remain unsurpassed until 2020, when Donald Trump received 65.11% in the state. Even so, North Dakota was the state that trended most strongly Democratic in 1984, as Mondale lost the state by 7% less than Carter had done in 1980. For the 16th election in a row, North Dakota voted the same as the other three free-soil Plains West states. Since the Dakotas were admitted to the Union in 1889, the four states have disagreed only in 1892, 1896, 1912, and 1916. This region has been a stronghold for the Republican Party since shortly after its founding and, aside from partial flirtations with Bryan and Wilson, has remained so ever since.

text:
# 1984 United States presidential election in North Dakota

The **1984 United States presidential election in North Dakota** took place on November 6, 1984. All 50 states and the District of Columbia, were part of the 1984 United States presidential election. State voters chose three electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president of the United States. North Dakota was won by incumbent United States President Ronald Reagan of California, who was running against former Vice President Walter Mondale of Minnesota. Reagan ran for a second time with former C.I.A. Director George H. W. Bush of Texas, and Mondale ran with Representative Geraldine Ferraro of New York, the first major female candidate for the vice presidency.

The presidential election of 1984 was a very partisan election for North Dakota, with over 98% of the electorate voting for either the Democratic or Republican parties, though several parties appeared on the ballot. Every county gave either Mondale or Reagan a majority; the vast majority—all but two—gave Reagan a majority. Reagan's best county was McIntosh County, where he got 81.5% of the vote; Mondale's was Sioux County, where he got 58.6% of the vote. Reagan exceeded 70% in 15 counties, including Stark (Dickinson), the state's seventh-largest at the time.

North Dakota weighed in for this election as 13% more Republican than the national average. Reagan won North Dakota by a landslide 31-point margin. His 64.84% vote share made it his twelfth-best state. He carried every county in the state save the majority Native American counties of Sioux and Rolette; he had previously carried Sioux County in 1980. He performed well in both the more populous counties—earning over 60% of the vote in Cass County (Fargo) and Grand Forks County (Grand Forks), and over 2/3 of the vote in Burleigh County (Bismarck) and Ward County (Minot)--as well as in its more rural areas. In only eight counties (including the two he lost) did his vote share even dip below his national share of 58.8%, and in only two (Sargent and Benson) was the margin less than 5%. None of these counties cast more than 4,000 votes.

Apart from its vote for Woodrow Wilson in 1912, the election where the Republican Party was badly split between Theodore Roosevelt's progressive Bull Moose Party and William Howard Taft's conservative supporters; the nationally close election of 1916 and its vote for Populist James Weaver in 1892, North Dakota has been a typically Republican state since its admittance in 1889. Indeed, no Republican has won the White House without North Dakota since its admittance to the Union. Alone amongst the free-soil Plains West states, it resisted the appeal of William Jennings Bryan in 1896, and was Warren Harding's best state in 1920. Even so, Reagan's victory in the state was one of the stronger ones compared to other recent Republican landslide winners. His vote share exceeded, for example, Nixon's in 1972 and Eisenhower's in 1956 (although not Eisenhower's in 1952). Reagan's particularly strong appeal in the Flickertail State was first on display in 1980, when Reagan exceeded his national vote share by over 10% in the state (already exceeding the vote shares won by both Nixon in 1972 and Eisenhower in 1956). Reagan's 64.84% vote share would remain unsurpassed until 2020, when Donald Trump received 65.11% in the state. Even so, North Dakota was the state that trended most strongly Democratic in 1984, as Mondale lost the state by 7% less than Carter had done in 1980.

For the 16th election in a row, North Dakota voted the same as the other three free-soil Plains West states (South Dakota, Nebraska, and Kansas). Since the Dakotas were admitted to the Union in 1889, the four states have disagreed only in 1892, 1896, 1912, and 1916. This region has been a stronghold for the Republican Party since shortly after its founding and, aside from partial flirtations with Bryan and Wilson, has remained so ever since.

## Results

| 1984 United States presidential election in North Dakota | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | Percentage | Electoral votes |
|  | **Republican** | **Ronald Reagan (incumbent)** | **200,336** | **64.84%** | **3** |
|  | Democratic-NPL | Walter Mondale | 104,429 | 33.80% | 0 |
|  | Independent | Lyndon LaRouche | 1,278 | 0.41% | 0 |
|  | America First | Bob Richards | 1,077 | 0.35% | 0 |
|  | Libertarian | David Bergland | 703 | 0.23% | 0 |
|  | Citizen's Party | Sonia Johnson | 368 | 0.12% | 0 |
|  | Socialist Workers Party | Melvin Mason | 239 | 0.08% | 0 |
|  | Prohibition | Earl Dodge | 220 | 0.07% | 0 |
|  | Communist Party | Gus Hall | 169 | 0.05% | 0 |
|  | New Alliance Party | Dennis Serrette | 152 | 0.05% | 0 |
| **Totals** | | | **308,971** | **100.00%** | **3** |

### Results by county

| County | Ronald Reagan
Republican | | Walter Mondale
Democratic-NPL | | Lyndon LaRouche
Independent | | Bob Richards
America First | | David Bergland
Libertarian | | Various candidates
Other parties | | Margin | | Total votes cast |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | |
| Adams | 1,343 | 70.68% | 530 | 27.89% | 17 | 0.89% | 5 | 0.26% | 3 | 0.16% | 2 | 0.11% | 813 | 42.79% | 1,900 |
| Barnes | 4,348 | 62.79% | 2,507 | 36.20% | 18 | 0.26% | 20 | 0.29% | 10 | 0.14% | 22 | 0.32% | 1,841 | 26.59% | 6,925 |
| Benson | 1,729 | 51.41% | 1,599 | 47.55% | 17 | 0.51% | 5 | 0.15% | 5 | 0.15% | 8 | 0.24% | 130 | 3.86% | 3,363 |
| Billings | 505 | 77.34% | 133 | 20.37% | 5 | 0.77% | 8 | 1.23% | 1 | 0.15% | 1 | 0.15% | 372 | 56.97% | 653 |
| Bottineau | 3,356 | 71.59% | 1,279 | 27.28% | 24 | 0.51% | 12 | 0.26% | 6 | 0.13% | 11 | 0.23% | 2,077 | 44.31% | 4,688 |
| Bowman | 1,559 | 72.55% | 562 | 26.15% | 12 | 0.56% | 6 | 0.28% | 1 | 0.05% | 9 | 0.42% | 997 | 46.40% | 2,149 |
| Burke | 1,298 | 69.45% | 543 | 29.05% | 11 | 0.59% | 14 | 0.75% | 2 | 0.11% | 1 | 0.05% | 755 | 40.40% | 1,869 |
| Burleigh | 19,913 | 68.25% | 8,781 | 30.10% | 149 | 0.51% | 135 | 0.46% | 77 | 0.26% | 121 | 0.41% | 11,132 | 38.15% | 29,176 |
| Cass | 29,221 | 61.35% | 18,054 | 37.91% | 89 | 0.19% | 40 | 0.08% | 121 | 0.25% | 104 | 0.22% | 11,167 | 23.44% | 47,629 |
| Cavalier | 2,661 | 69.95% | 1,110 | 29.18% | 13 | 0.34% | 9 | 0.24% | 4 | 0.11% | 7 | 0.18% | 1,551 | 40.77% | 3,804 |
| Dickey | 2,460 | 69.37% | 1,051 | 29.64% | 18 | 0.51% | 5 | 0.14% | 2 | 0.06% | 10 | 0.28% | 1,409 | 39.73% | 3,546 |
| Divide | 1,165 | 63.32% | 626 | 34.02% | 39 | 2.12% | 6 | 0.33% | 1 | 0.05% | 3 | 0.16% | 539 | 29.30% | 1,840 |
| Dunn | 1,583 | 68.12% | 716 | 30.81% | 10 | 0.43% | 9 | 0.39% | 1 | 0.04% | 5 | 0.22% | 867 | 37.31% | 2,324 |
| Eddy | 1,049 | 56.40% | 796 | 42.80% | 4 | 0.22% | 1 | 0.05% | 8 | 0.43% | 2 | 0.11% | 253 | 13.60% | 1,860 |
| Emmons | 1,885 | 73.46% | 620 | 24.16% | 24 | 0.94% | 21 | 0.82% | 2 | 0.08% | 14 | 0.55% | 1,265 | 49.30% | 2,566 |
| Foster | 1,422 | 64.23% | 765 | 34.55% | 13 | 0.59% | 3 | 0.14% | 4 | 0.18% | 7 | 0.32% | 657 | 29.68% | 2,214 |
| Golden Valley | 964 | 73.09% | 325 | 24.64% | 17 | 1.29% | 5 | 0.38% | 4 | 0.30% | 4 | 0.30% | 639 | 48.45% | 1,319 |
| Grand Forks | 15,898 | 60.70% | 10,050 | 38.37% | 52 | 0.20% | 33 | 0.13% | 85 | 0.32% | 73 | 0.28% | 5,848 | 22.33% | 26,191 |
| Grant | 1,607 | 74.92% | 507 | 23.64% | 19 | 0.89% | 2 | 0.09% | 4 | 0.19% | 6 | 0.28% | 1,100 | 51.28% | 2,145 |
| Griggs | 1,254 | 59.89% | 828 | 39.54% | 2 | 0.10% | 3 | 0.14% | 4 | 0.19% | 3 | 0.14% | 426 | 20.35% | 2,094 |
| Hettinger | 1,646 | 74.75% | 524 | 23.80% | 17 | 0.77% | 7 | 0.32% | 2 | 0.09% | 6 | 0.27% | 1,122 | 50.95% | 2,202 |
| Kidder | 1,240 | 68.62% | 506 | 28.00% | 11 | 0.61% | 39 | 2.16% | 2 | 0.11% | 9 | 0.50% | 734 | 40.62% | 1,807 |
| LaMoure | 1,978 | 63.64% | 1,086 | 34.94% | 15 | 0.48% | 7 | 0.23% | 6 | 0.19% | 16 | 0.51% | 892 | 28.70% | 3,108 |
| Logan | 1,222 | 72.91% | 401 | 23.93% | 3 | 0.18% | 41 | 2.45% | 2 | 0.12% | 7 | 0.42% | 821 | 48.98% | 1,676 |
| McHenry | 2,485 | 65.38% | 1,283 | 33.75% | 19 | 0.50% | 10 | 0.26% | 2 | 0.05% | 2 | 0.05% | 1,202 | 31.63% | 3,801 |
| McIntosh | 2,047 | 81.46% | 427 | 16.99% | 12 | 0.48% | 8 | 0.32% | 1 | 0.04% | 18 | 0.72% | 1,620 | 64.47% | 2,513 |
| McKenzie | 2,610 | 71.96% | 974 | 26.85% | 15 | 0.41% | 9 | 0.25% | 14 | 0.39% | 5 | 0.14% | 1,636 | 45.11% | 3,627 |
| McLean | 3,673 | 62.82% | 2,062 | 35.27% | 30 | 0.51% | 44 | 0.75% | 11 | 0.19% | 27 | 0.46% | 1,611 | 27.55% | 5,847 |
| Mercer | 3,705 | 67.24% | 1,729 | 31.38% | 28 | 0.51% | 24 | 0.44% | 11 | 0.20% | 13 | 0.24% | 1,976 | 35.86% | 5,510 |
| Morton | 7,146 | 62.93% | 3,996 | 35.19% | 61 | 0.54% | 70 | 0.62% | 19 | 0.17% | 64 | 0.56% | 3,150 | 27.74% | 11,356 |
| Mountrail | 1,959 | 55.11% | 1,565 | 44.02% | 17 | 0.48% | 4 | 0.11% | 3 | 0.08% | 7 | 0.20% | 394 | 11.09% | 3,555 |
| Nelson | 1,445 | 57.50% | 1,026 | 40.83% | 10 | 0.40% | 14 | 0.56% | 9 | 0.36% | 9 | 0.36% | 419 | 16.67% | 2,513 |
| Oliver | 915 | 67.43% | 419 | 30.88% | 8 | 0.59% | 6 | 0.44% | 2 | 0.15% | 7 | 0.52% | 496 | 36.55% | 1,357 |
| Pembina | 2,895 | 65.99% | 1,367 | 31.16% | 24 | 0.55% | 58 | 1.32% | 29 | 0.66% | 14 | 0.32% | 1,528 | 34.83% | 4,387 |
| Pierce | 1,883 | 71.71% | 691 | 26.31% | 18 | 0.69% | 16 | 0.61% | 6 | 0.23% | 12 | 0.46% | 1,192 | 45.40% | 2,626 |
| Ramsey | 4,150 | 63.33% | 2,304 | 35.16% | 34 | 0.52% | 16 | 0.24% | 15 | 0.23% | 34 | 0.52% | 1,846 | 28.17% | 6,553 |
| Ransom | 1,706 | 59.38% | 1,122 | 39.05% | 11 | 0.38% | 5 | 0.17% | 8 | 0.28% | 21 | 0.73% | 584 | 20.33% | 2,873 |
| Renville | 1,163 | 65.56% | 592 | 33.37% | 13 | 0.73% | 4 | 0.23% | 1 | 0.06% | 1 | 0.06% | 571 | 32.19% | 1,774 |
| Richland | 5,980 | 65.48% | 3,047 | 33.36% | 27 | 0.30% | 36 | 0.39% | 13 | 0.14% | 30 | 0.33% | 2,933 | 32.12% | 9,133 |
| Rolette | 1,479 | 39.43% | 2,179 | 58.09% | 22 | 0.59% | 25 | 0.67% | 14 | 0.37% | 32 | 0.85% | -700 | -18.66% | 3,751 |
| Sargent | 1,385 | 50.83% | 1,295 | 47.52% | 17 | 0.62% | 7 | 0.26% | 2 | 0.07% | 19 | 0.70% | 90 | 3.31% | 2,725 |
| Sheridan | 1,075 | 77.01% | 306 | 21.92% | 8 | 0.57% | 3 | 0.21% | 2 | 0.14% | 2 | 0.14% | 769 | 55.09% | 1,396 |
| Sioux | 442 | 39.53% | 655 | 58.59% | 12 | 1.07% | 3 | 0.27% | 2 | 0.18% | 4 | 0.36% | -213 | -19.06% | 1,118 |
| Slope | 419 | 69.26% | 174 | 28.76% | 4 | 0.66% | 7 | 1.16% | 1 | 0.17% | 0 | 0.00% | 245 | 40.50% | 605 |
| Stark | 7,641 | 71.15% | 2,759 | 25.69% | 63 | 0.59% | 63 | 0.59% | 47 | 0.44% | 167 | 1.55% | 4,882 | 45.46% | 10,740 |
| Steele | 941 | 54.08% | 781 | 44.89% | 6 | 0.34% | 3 | 0.17% | 4 | 0.23% | 5 | 0.29% | 160 | 9.19% | 1,740 |
| Stutsman | 6,591 | 64.57% | 3,495 | 34.24% | 30 | 0.29% | 40 | 0.39% | 20 | 0.20% | 32 | 0.31% | 3,096 | 30.33% | 10,208 |
| Towner | 1,242 | 60.15% | 789 | 38.21% | 10 | 0.48% | 14 | 0.68% | 5 | 0.24% | 5 | 0.24% | 453 | 21.94% | 2,065 |
| Traill | 3,037 | 64.70% | 1,580 | 33.66% | 21 | 0.45% | 28 | 0.60% | 12 | 0.26% | 16 | 0.34% | 1,457 | 31.04% | 4,694 |
| Walsh | 4,347 | 64.84% | 2,264 | 33.77% | 26 | 0.39% | 13 | 0.19% | 22 | 0.33% | 32 | 0.48% | 2,083 | 31.07% | 6,704 |
| Ward | 16,077 | 68.06% | 7,336 | 31.05% | 75 | 0.32% | 57 | 0.24% | 32 | 0.14% | 46 | 0.19% | 8,741 | 37.01% | 23,623 |
| Wells | 2,426 | 69.20% | 1,036 | 29.55% | 17 | 0.48% | 20 | 0.57% | 2 | 0.06% | 5 | 0.14% | 1,390 | 39.65% | 3,506 |
| Williams | 8,166 | 70.87% | 3,177 | 27.57% | 41 | 0.36% | 36 | 0.31% | 42 | 0.36% | 61 | 0.53% | 4,989 | 43.30% | 11,523 |
| Totals | 200,336 | 64.84% | 104,429 | 33.80% | 1,278 | 0.41% | 1,077 | 0.35% | 703 | 0.23% | 1,148 | 0.37% | 95,907 | 31.04% | 308,971 |

#### Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic

## InfoBox

1984 United States presidential election in North Dakota
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Nominee **Ronald Reagan** Walter Mondale   Party Republican Democratic–NPL  Home state California Minnesota  Running mate **George H. W. Bush** Geraldine Ferraro  Electoral vote **3** 0  Popular vote **200,336** 104,429  Percentage **64.84%** 33.80% | |
| ---  County Results | |
| ---  **President before election**
Ronald Reagan
Republican **Elected President**
Ronald Reagan
Republican | |


title: Aphareus (fish)

abstract: Aphareus is a genus of marine ray-finned fish, snappers belonging to the family Lutjanidae. They are native to the Indian and Pacific Oceans from the African coast to the Hawaiian Islands.

text:
# Aphareus (fish)

***Aphareus*** is a genus of marine ray-finned fish, snappers belonging to the family Lutjanidae. They are native to the Indian and Pacific Oceans from the African coast to the Hawaiian Islands.

## Taxonomy

The currently recognized species in this genus are:

*Aphareus* is placed in the subfamily Etelinae. The genus was created by the French naturalist Georges Cuvier and he took the name *Aphareus* which he stated (in French) was from an “unintelligible and probably corrupt passage from Aristotle, where it seems to designate a fin specific to the female of the tuna” , the name is also similar to the name given to these fishes in the Arabic, *farès*, although this could be coincidental. In 1913 David Starr Jordan, John Otterbein Snyder and Shigeho Tanaka designated *Aphareus caerulescens* as the type species of the genus, this is a synonym of *A. furca*.

## Characteristics

*Apahreus* snappers are medium-sized Lutjanids which have elongated, fusiform but rather robus bodies. They have tiny teeth in their jaws with no canine-like teeth and they lack any vomerine teeth. They have gill openings which reach relatively far forward to the front of the eye. The area between the eyes is flat. The dorsal fin is continuous with no notch around te junction of the spiny and soft-rayed parts, it has 10 spines and 11 (infrequently 10) soft rays while the anal fin contains 3 spines and 8 soft rays. They have long pectoral fins which are a little shorter than head length and which contains 15 or 16 rays. The dorsal and anal fins do not have scales, the caudal fin is forked. The scales on these fish are comparatively small. Their colour can be purplish-brown, blue-grey, or reddish, they may display a silvery sheen on their lower flanks and abdomen.

## Distribution and habitat

*Aphareus* snappers have a wide Indo-Pacific distribution from eastern Africa to the Hawaiian islands. They prefer inshore waters where there are coral reefs and rocky bottoms at depths of around 6 m (20 ft) to, possibly, greater than 100 m (330 ft). They can be solitary or occur in small schools.

## Fisheries

*Aphareus* snappers are important foodfish, especially in islands. Fishermen catch them using handlines or bottom longlines. The flesh is considered to be of good quality and normally the catch is sold fresh.

* Photos of Aphareus on Sealife Collection

## InfoBox

| *Aphareus* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *(A. furca)* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Perciformes |
| Family: | Lutjanidae |
| Subfamily: | Etelinae |
| Genus: | *Aphareus*
G. Cuvier, 1830 |
|
| Type species | |
| *Aphareus caerulescens*
G. Cuvier, 1830 | |
| Species | |
| see text | |
| Synonyms | |
|  | |


title: Elmer Sopha

abstract: Elmer Walter Sopha, was a Canadian politician, who represented the electoral district of Sudbury in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1959 to 1971. He was a member of the Ontario Liberal Party.

text:
# Elmer Sopha

**Elmer Walter Sopha**, QC (April 18, 1924 – January 4, 1982) was a Canadian politician, who represented the electoral district of Sudbury in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1959 to 1971. He was a member of the Ontario Liberal Party.

## Career

Sopha was born in Cobalt, Ontario. He served with the Royal Canadian Navy and attended the University of Toronto, receiving a Bachelor of Laws degree in 1953. Sopha was called to the bar two years later, and was named a Queen's Counsel in 1965.

He was first elected to the Ontario legislature in the 1959 provincial election, defeating his Progressive Conservative opponent by 3,143 votes. He was re-elected with a reduced majority in the 1963 election, and defeated Progressive Conservative Jim Gordon by only 540 votes in 1967.

Nicknamed "The Northern Gadfly" by the southern Ontario media, Sopha was considered one of the great orators in Ontario politics of his era. He was one of just two MPPs in the province, with caucus colleague Leo Troy, who voted against the adoption of the current Flag of Ontario. The Sudbury area has a large population of Franco-Ontarians among whom the flag was widely regarded as a symbol of British imperialism, and Sopha argued in the legislature that the flag was not an appropriate symbol of Ontario's cultural diversity.

Also in 1965, Sopha spoke out in the legislature against CBC news anchor Earl Cameron, for allegedly having compromised his objectivity by appearing in a toothpaste commercial.

Sopha strongly opposed Charles Templeton's bid for the Liberal Party leadership in 1966, following the resignation of Andy Thompson. He had been one of Templeton's strongest supporters in the 1964 Liberal leadership race and the only caucus member to have supported the broadcaster, but Sopha announced that his previous support of Templeton had been a serious mistake. It has been suggested that Sopha raised money for Templeton in 1964, which Templeton never acknowledged. Templeton declined to enter the contest, largely due to opposition from the party caucus.

Sopha did not seek re-election in the 1971 campaign, and served on the governing body of the Law Society of Upper Canada from 1971 to 1975. He attempted a return to the legislature in the 1975 election, and lost to New Democratic Party (NDP) candidate Bud Germa by 2,278 votes. He tried again in the 1981 election, and lost to NDP candidate Floyd Laughren by 3,410 votes in Nickel Belt.

Sopha died suddenly while vacationing in Phoenix, Arizona on January 4, 1982. He was survived by his wife, a son, and three daughters.

## InfoBox

| Elmer Sopha | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| MPP for Sudbury | |
| **In office**
1959–1971 | |
| Preceded by | Gerry Monaghan |
| Succeeded by | Bud Germa |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | April 18, 1924
Cobalt, Ontario, Canada |
| Died | January 4, 1982(1982-01-04) (aged 57)
Phoenix, Arizona, U.S. |
| Political party | Liberal |
| Residence(s) | Sudbury, Ontario |
| Occupation | lawyer |
|  | |


title: Aphanopleura zangelanica

abstract: Aphanopleura zangelanica, the Zangelanian aphanopleura, is a species in the family Apiaceae that is endemic to the Zəngilan district of Azerbaijan. It is only known from its type specimen collected in 1971.

text:
# Aphanopleura zangelanica

***Aphanopleura zangelanica***, the **Zangelanian aphanopleura**, is a species in the family Apiaceae that is endemic to the Zəngilan district of Azerbaijan. It is only known from its type specimen collected in 1971.

## InfoBox

| *Aphanopleura zangelanica* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Data Deficient  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Apiales |
| Family: | Apiaceae |
| Genus: | *Aphanopleura* |
| Species: | ***A. zangelanica*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Aphanopleura zangelanica***
Gogina & Matsenko | |
|


title: Aonla Lok Sabha constituency

abstract: Aonla Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 80 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Uttar Pradesh state in northern India.

text:
# Aonla Lok Sabha constituency

**Aonla Lok Sabha constituency** is one of the 80 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Uttar Pradesh state in northern India.

## Assembly segments

Assembly segments are:

| No | Name | District | Member | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 116 | Shekhupur | Budaun | Himanshu Yadav |  | Samajwadi Party |
| 117 | Dataganj | | Rajeev Kumar Singh |  | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 122 | Faridpur (SC) | Bareilly | Shyam Bihari Lal |  | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 123 | Bithari Chainpur | | Raghavendra Sharma |  | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 126 | Aonla | | Dharmpal Singh |  | Bharatiya Janata Party |
|

## Members of Parliament

| Year | Member | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1962 | Brij Raj Singh |  | Hindu Mahasabha |
| 1967 | Savitri Shyam |  | Indian National Congress |
| 1971 | | | |
| 1977 | Brij Raj Singh |  | Janata Party |
| 1980 | Jaipal Singh Kashyap |  | Janata Party (Secular) |
| 1984 | Kalyan Singh Solanki |  | Indian National Congress |
| 1989 | Raj Veer Singh |  | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 1991 | | | |
| 1996 | Sarvraj Singh |  | Samajwadi Party |
| 1998 | Raj Veer Singh |  | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 1999 | Sarvraj Singh |  | Samajwadi Party |
| 2004 | |  | Janata Dal (United) |
| 2009 | Maneka Gandhi |  | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2014 | Dharmendra Kashyap | | |
| 2019 | | | |
| 2024 | Neeraj Kushwaha Maurya |  | Samajwadi Party |
|

## Election results

### General election 2024

2024 Indian general elections: Aonla
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **SP** | **Neeraj Kushwaha Maurya** | **492,515** | **45.23** | **45.23** |
|  | BJP | Dharmendra Kashyap | 4,76,546 | 43.76 | 7.31 |
|  | BSP | Abid Ali | 95,630 | 8.78 | 31.49 |
|  | NOTA | None of the Above | 6,858 | 0.63 | 0.24 |
| Majority | | | 15,969 | 1.47 | 9.33 |
| Turnout | | | 10,88,896 | 57.56 | 1.41 |
|  | SP **gain** from BJP | | Swing |  |  |

### General election 2019

2019 Indian general elections: Aonla
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **BJP** | **Dharmendra Kumar** | **537,675** | **51.07** |  |
|  | BSP | Ruchi Veera | 4,23,932 | 40.27 |  |
|  | INC | Kunwar Sarvraj Singh | 62,548 | 5.94 |  |
|  | NOTA | None of the Above | 9,198 | 0.87 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,13,743 | 10.80 |  |
| Turnout | | | 10,52,902 | 58.97 |  |
|  | BJP **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

### General election 2014

2014 Indian general elections: Aonla
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **BJP** | **Dharmendra Kumar** | **409,907** | **41.16** |  |
|  | SP | Kunwar Sarvraj Singh | 2,71,478 | 27.26 |  |
|  | BSP | Sunita Shakya | 1,90,200 | 19.10 |  |
|  | INC | Saleem Iqbal Shervani | 93,861 | 9.43 |  |
|  | ABHM | Yogendra Kumar Verma | 4,332 | 0.44 |  |
|  | NOTA | None of the Above | 10,496 | 1.05 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,38,429 | 13.90 |  |
| Turnout | | | 9,95,817 | 60.22 |  |
|  | BJP **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

1. "Information and Statistics-Parliamentary Constituencies-24-Aonla". Chief Electoral Officer, Uttar Pradesh website.

28°17′N 79°10′E / 28.28°N 79.16°E / 28.28; 79.16

## InfoBox

| Aonla
UP-24 | |
| --- | --- |
| Lok Sabha constituency | |
| Interactive Map Outlining Aonla Lok Sabha constituency | |
| Constituency details | |
| Country | India |
| Region | North India |
| State | Uttar Pradesh |
| Assembly constituencies | Shekhupur
Dataganj
Faridpur
Bithari Chainpur
Aonla |
| Established | 1962-present |
| Reservation | None |
| Member of Parliament | |
| 18th Lok Sabha | |
| **Incumbent**  **Neeraj Kushwaha Maurya** | |
| Party | Samajwadi Party |
| Elected year | 2024 |


title: Elizabeth Seton High School

abstract: Elizabeth Seton High School is a private, all-girls Catholic high school in Bladensburg, Maryland. It is located in the Archdiocese of Washington.

text:
# Elizabeth Seton High School

**Elizabeth Seton High School** is a private, all-girls Catholic high school in Bladensburg, Maryland. It is located in the Archdiocese of Washington.

## History

Elizabeth Seton High School was established on March 15, 1957, and opened with an enrollment of 138 freshmen and a faculty of six Daughters of Charity in September 1959.

As early as 1965, the Maryland State Department of Education issued a Certificate of Approval to the school and in 1968 the Middle States Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools accredited it.

Elizabeth Seton was named one of 10 private schools of distinction by *The Washington Post* in 2005.

## Description

Seton covers grades 9–12 and can hold about 650 students.

The school was named in honor of the American Catholic saint Elizabeth Ann Seton. The school colors are scarlet, gold, and white. The mascot is a roadrunner. The school motto is "Light to know. Grace to do."

### Enrollment

* Grades 9-12: 552 (2016–2017)
* Student/teacher ratio: 13-1
* Average class size: 16
* Student/computer ratio: 7.5-1; 1:1 Beginning with the class of 2019
* Class of 2015: 109

## Notable alumni

## InfoBox

| Elizabeth Seton High School | |
| --- | --- |
| Address | |
|  | |
| 5715 Emerson Street
Bladensburg, (Prince George's County), Maryland 20710
United States | |
| Coordinates | 38°56′47″N 76°54′52″W / 38.94639°N 76.91444°W / 38.94639; -76.91444 |
| Information | |
| Type | Private |
| Motto | Light To Know. Grace To Do. |
| Religious affiliation(s) | Roman Catholic
(Daughters of Charity) |
| Established | 1959 |
| School district | Archdiocese of Washington Catholic Schools |
| CEEB code | 210273 |
| President | Dr. Lisa Grillo ’89 |
| Principal | Vanessa Cooke (interim) |
| Faculty | 37 |
| Teaching staff | 49 |
| Grades | 12 |
| Gender | Girls |
| Enrollment | 552 (2016-7) |
| Average class size | 18 |
| Student to teacher ratio | 13:1 |
| Campus size | 24-acre (97,000 m2) campus |
| Color(s) | Scarlet, Gold, and White |
| Slogan | "stronger through sisterhood" |
| Song | Elizabeth Seton High School Song |
| Athletics conference | WCAC |
| Sports | 24 athletic teams |
| Mascot | Roadrunner |
| Team name | Roadrunners |
| Accreditation | MSA |
| Newspaper | *The Roadrunner Review* |
| Yearbook | *Caritas* |
| Tuition | $19,077.00 |
| Website | setonhs.org |


title: Elmer Harlow House

abstract: The Elmer Harlow House is a historic residence in Eugene, Oregon, United States. Built in 1922, it is important as a representative example of the bungalow style promoted by The Craftsman magazine in the early decades of the 20th century. It is especially notable for the fine interior and exterior detailing, including in woodwork and windows. The architect is unknown, and certain features of the design suggest that a professional architect was not directly involved with the construction; it is possible that the design was derived from a plan book or The Craftsman itself. Although the house's use of brick facing is not usual for Craftsman design, the use of two-tone Flemish bond masonry emphasizes the refined and careful construction. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

text:
# Elmer Harlow House

The **Elmer Harlow House** is a historic residence in Eugene, Oregon, United States. Built in 1922, it is important as a representative example of the bungalow style promoted by *The Craftsman* magazine in the early decades of the 20th century. It is especially notable for the fine interior and exterior detailing, including in woodwork and windows. The architect is unknown, and certain features of the design suggest that a professional architect was not directly involved with the construction; it is possible that the design was derived from a plan book or *The Craftsman* itself. Although the house's use of brick facing is not usual for Craftsman design, the use of two-tone Flemish bond masonry emphasizes the refined and careful construction.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Elmer Harlow House | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| The Harlow House in 2011 | |
| Location in Eugene, OregonElmer Harlow House (Oregon) | |
| Location | 2991 Harlow Road<br>Eugene, Oregon |
| Coordinates | 44°04′12″N 123°03′49″W / 44.069880°N 123.063675°W / 44.069880; -123.063675 |
| Area | 0.5 acres (0.20 ha) |
| Built | 1922 |
| Architectural style | Craftsman bungalow |
| NRHP reference No. | 80003334 |
| Added to NRHP | February 12, 1980 |


title: Embassy of Costa Rica, Washington, D.C.

abstract: The Embassy of Costa Rica in Washington, D.C. is the diplomatic mission of Costa Rica to the United States. It is located at 2114 S Street Northwest, Washington, D.C. in the Kalorama neighborhood. The embassy also operates Consulates-General in Atlanta, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami and New York City. The ambassador is Catalina Crespo Sancho. In 1974, the Embassy received one of the three pre-Columbian stone spheres of Costa Rica that came to the United States as part of an agreement that had been negotiated in 1971 between American art specialist Samuel Adams Green and the Museo Nacional de Costa Rica together with the Costa Rican Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Ministry of Culture. The two larger spheres went to Fairmount Park in Philadelphia, where they were displayed in 1976 together with other monumental sculptures, before going into storage at the warehouses of the Fairmont Park Association. The one in Washington D.C. is displayed in the streetside yard of the Embassy building, as a symbol of national identity.

text:
# Embassy of Costa Rica, Washington, D.C.

The **Embassy of Costa Rica in Washington, D.C.** is the diplomatic mission of Costa Rica to the United States. It is located at 2114 S Street Northwest, Washington, D.C. in the Kalorama neighborhood.

The embassy also operates Consulates-General in Atlanta, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami and New York City.

The ambassador is Catalina Crespo Sancho.

In 1974, the Embassy received one of the three pre-Columbian stone spheres of Costa Rica that came to the United States as part of an agreement that had been negotiated in 1971 between American art specialist Samuel Adams Green and the Museo Nacional de Costa Rica together with the Costa Rican Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Ministry of Culture. The two larger spheres went to Fairmount Park in Philadelphia, where they were displayed in 1976 together with other monumental sculptures, before going into storage at the warehouses of the Fairmont Park Association. The one in Washington D.C. is displayed in the streetside yard of the Embassy building, as a symbol of national identity.

1. "The Embassy of Costa Rica". Embassy.org. Retrieved 2022-05-08.
2. Consulates of Costa Rica in the United States
3. Embassy of Costa Rica in Washington, D.C.
4. Ifigenia Quintanilla (1 July 2012). "De extraños personajes y sus historias: Sam Green y las esferas de piedra". *Esferas de piedra y arqueología del Diquís*.
5. "Spheres (300 – 1525)". *Association for Public Art*.
6. Don Barker (7 June 2012). "Philadelphia's Phantom Sculpture Garden". *MarylandGIS*.
7. "The Stone Spheres of Diquí: An Ancient Mistery Revealed?". *The Costa Rica News*. 12 July 2019.

## InfoBox

| Embassy of Costa Rica in Washington, D.C. | |
| --- | --- |
| Embassy of Costa Rica in 2022 | |
|  | |
| Location | Washington, DC, United States |
| Address | 2114 S Street, N.W. |
| Coordinates | 38°54′49″N 77°02′52″W / 38.91361°N 77.04778°W / 38.91361; -77.04778 |
| Ambassador | Catalina Crespo Sancho |


title: 1979 Volvo Tennis Classic

abstract: The 1979 Volvo Tennis Classic, also known as the Washington Indoor, was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Charles E. Smith Center in Washington, D.C. in the United States that was part of the 1979 Grand Prix circuit. It was the eighth edition of the tournament and was held from March 12 through March 18, 1979. Fourth-seeded Roscoe Tanner won the singles title at the event and earned $24,000 first-prize money after defeating the defending champion, second-seeded Brian Gottfried in the final.

text:
# 1979 Volvo Tennis Classic

The **1979 Volvo Tennis Classic**, also known as the Washington Indoor, was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Charles E. Smith Center in Washington, D.C. in the United States that was part of the 1979 Grand Prix circuit. It was the eighth edition of the tournament and was held from March 12 through March 18, 1979. Fourth-seeded Roscoe Tanner won the singles title at the event and earned $24,000 first-prize money after defeating the defending champion, second-seeded Brian Gottfried in the final.

## Finals

### Singles

Roscoe Tanner defeated  Brian Gottfried 6–4, 6–4

* It was Tanner's 2nd singles title of the year and the 13th of his career.

### Doubles

Bob Lutz /  Stan Smith defeated  Bob Carmichael /  Brian Teacher 6–4, 7–5, 3–6, 7–6

## InfoBox

| 1979 Volvo Tennis Classic | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | March 12–18 |
| Edition | 8th |
| Category | Grand Prix |
| Draw | 32S / 16D |
| Prize money | 125,000 |
| Surface | Carpet / indoor |
| Location | Washington, D.C., United States |
| Venue | Charles E. Smith Center |
| Champions | |
| Singles | |
| Roscoe Tanner | |
| Doubles | |
| Bob Lutz /  Stan Smith | |
|  | |


title: Ambillou

abstract: Ambillou is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France.

text:
# Ambillou

**Ambillou** (French pronunciation: \[ɑ̃biju\] ) is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France.

## Population

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1968 | 732 |  |
| 1975 | 884 | +2.73% |
| 1982 | 986 | +1.57% |
| 1990 | 1,086 | +1.21% |
| 1999 | 1,301 | +2.03% |
| 2007 | 1,606 | +2.67% |
| 2012 | 1,822 | +2.56% |
| 2017 | 1,786 | −0.40% |
| Source: INSEE | | |

## InfoBox

| Ambillou | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| Location of Ambillou | |
| AmbillouAmbillou | |
| Coordinates: 47°27′07″N 0°26′54″E / 47.4519°N 0.4483°E / 47.4519; 0.4483 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Centre-Val de Loire |
| Department | Indre-et-Loire |
| Arrondissement | Chinon |
| Canton | Langeais |
| Intercommunality | Touraine Ouest Val de Loire |
| Government | |
| Mayor (20202026) | Bruno Cheuvreux |
| Area**1** | 48.85 km2 (18.86 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 1,751 |
| Density | 36/km2 (93/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 37002 /37340 |
| Elevation | 68–117 m (223–384 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: Anthony A. C. Rogers

abstract: Anthony Astley Cooper Rogers was an American politician. He served one term in the House of Representative from Arkansas from 1869 to 1871.

text:
# Anthony A. C. Rogers

**Anthony Astley Cooper Rogers** (February 14, 1821 – July 27, 1899) was an American politician. He served one term in the House of Representative from Arkansas from 1869 to 1871.

## Biography

Born in Clarksville, Tennessee, Rogers received a limited schooling. He engaged in mercantile pursuits. He moved to Arkansas in 1854. An opponent of Secession, he was a candidate of supporters of the Union as a delegate to the State convention in 1861. He was arrested for his loyalty, imprisoned, and forced to give bond to answer the charge of "treason against the Confederate Government."

Rogers was elected to the 38th United States Congress, but was not allowed to take his seat, his State not having been readmitted. In 1864, he moved to Chicago, Illinois, and engaged in the real estate business. He returned to Arkansas in 1868.

### Congress

Rogers was elected as a Democrat to the 41st Congress, March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1871. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1870 to the 42nd Congress. He was postmaster at Pine Bluff, Arkansas, from January 7, 1881, to July 24, 1885, and again engaged in mercantile pursuits.

### Death

In 1888, he moved to Los Angeles, where he died the following year at the age of 78. He is interred in Angelus-Rosedale Cemetery.

* This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
*
* United States Congress. "Anthony A. C. Rogers (id: R000388)". *Biographical Directory of the United States Congress*.

## InfoBox

| Anthony A. C. Rogers | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Arkansas's 2nd district | |
| **In office**
March 4, 1869  March 3, 1871 | |
| Preceded by | James T. Elliott |
| Succeeded by | Oliver P. Snyder |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1821-02-14)February 14, 1821
Clarksville, Tennessee, U.S. |
| Died | July 27, 1899(1899-07-27) (aged 78)
Los Angeles, California, U.S |
| Political party | Democratic |
|  | |


title: Emine Ecem Esen

abstract: Emine Ecem Esen is a Turkish women's football midfielder currently playing in the First League for Galatasaray with jersey number 8. She is a member of the Turkish national team since 2011.

text:
# Emine Ecem Esen

**Emine Ecem Esen** (born May 3, 1994) is a Turkish women's football midfielder currently playing in the First League for Galatasaray with jersey number 8. She is a member of the Turkish national team since 2011.

## Early life

Emine Ecem Esen was born on May 3, 1994, in Güngören district of Istanbul. She followed the footsteps of her maternal cousin, who is a footballer. She remembers that the main theme in her home was about football. With the encouragement of her aunt, she began playing football and got registered in the nearby club Hasköy, which had recently established a women's football team.

## Club career

She received her license on June 17, 2009, for the Women's Regional League team Hasköy, where she played one season. In the 2010–11 season, she moved to Çamlıcaspor playing in the Women's First League. After three seasons, Esen signed for Marmara Üniversitesi Spor starting in the 2013–14 season.

On January 10, 2014, Esen was transferred by the Istanbul-based club Ataşehir Belediyespor. After one season, she left Ataşehir Belediyespor to play for Beşiktaş J.K. in the Women's Second League. She enjoyed the champion title of her team in the 2018–19 season. She took part at the 2019–20 UEFA Women's Champions League - Group 9 matches.

### ALG Spor

In the 2019-20 Women's First League season, she transferred to the Gaziantep-based club ALG Spor. She enjoyed the 2021-22 Women's Super League champion title of her team.

### Galatasaray

On 9 August 2022, she transferred to the Women's Super League club Galatasaray.

## International career

Esen debuted in the Turkey women's national team in the Kuban Spring Tournament qualification match against Belarus on March 8, 2011.

She was member of the women's U-19 national team and capped 20 times in total playing against Iceland and Germany at the 2011 UEFA Women's U-19 Championship Second qualifying round Group 3, against Portugal, at the 2012 UEFA Women's U-19 Championship – Final tournament Group A and finally against Scotland and Belarus at the 2013 UEFA Women's U-19 Championship First qualifying round Group 5 matches.

Esen played at the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification – UEFA Group 6 matches against England, Ukraine and Belarus.

## Career statistics

*As of match played 17 December 2022*.

| Club | Season | League | | | Continental | | National | | Total | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Çamlıcaspor | 2010–11 | First League | 22 | 6 |  |  | 6 | 0 | 28 | 6 |
| | 2011–12 | First League | 20 | 4 |  |  | 9 | 0 | 29 | 4 |
| | 2012–13 | First League | 17 | 3 |  |  | 5 | 0 | 22 | 3 |
| | Total | | 59 | 13 |  |  | 20 | 0 | 79 | 13 |
| Marmara Üniversitesi Spor | 2013–14 | First League | 6 | 1 |  |  | 0 | 0 | 6 | 1 |
| | Total | | 6 | 1 |  |  | 0 | 0 | 6 | 1 |
| Ataşehir Belediyespor | 2013–14 | First League | 9 | 1 |  |  | 5 | 0 | 14 | 1 |
| | 2014–15 | First League | 15 | 1 |  |  | 5 | 0 | 20 | 1 |
| | Total | | 24 | 2 |  |  | 10 | 0 | 34 | 2 |
| Beşiktaş J.K. | 2015–16 | Second League | 18 | 11 |  |  | 3 | 0 | 21 | 11 |
| | 2016–17 | First League | 20 | 1 |  |  | 0 | 0 | 20 | 1 |
| | 2017–18 | First League | 18 | 5 |  |  | 0 | 0 | 18 | 5 |
| | 2018–19 | First League | 15 | 2 | - | - | 0 | 0 | 15 | 2 |
| | 2019–20 | First League | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| | Total | | 71 | 19 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 76 | 19 |
| ALG Spor | 2019–20 | First League | 15 | 4 |  |  | 1 | 0 | 16 | 4 |
| | 2020–21 | First League | 6 | 1 |  |  | 6 | 0 | 12 | 1 |
| | 2021–22 | Super League | 25 | 4 |  |  | 12 | 0 | 37 | 4 |
| | Total | | 46 | 9 | - | - | 19 | 0 | 65 | 9 |
| Galatasaray S.K | 2022–23 | SuperLeague | 9 | 2 |  |  | 3 | 1 | 12 | 3 |
| | Total | | 9 | 2 | - | - | 3 | 1 | 12 | 3 |
| Career total | | | 215 | 46 | 2 | 0 | 55 | 1 | 272 | 47 |

## International goals

| No. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | 14 July 2023 | Kadriorg Stadium, Tallinn, Estonia | Estonia | **2**–0 | 3–0 | Friendly |
|

## Honours

Turkish Women's First League Ataşehir Belediyespor *Runners-up* (2): 2013–14, 2014–15 Beşiktaş J.K. *Winners* (1): 2018–19 *Runners-up* (2): 2016–17, 2017–18 ALG Spor *Winners* (2): 2019-20, 2021-22 *Third places* (1): 2020–21 Galatasaray *Winners* (1): 2023–24 Turkish Women's Second League Beşiktaş J.K. *Winners* (1): 2015–16

## InfoBox

Emine Ecem Esen
| Emine Ecem Esen for Ataşehir Belediyespor in the 2013–14 season. | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Date of birth | (1994-05-03) May 3, 1994 | | |
| Place of birth | Güngören, Istanbul, Turkey | | |
| Position(s) | Midfielder | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Galatasaray | | |
| Number | 8 | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2009–2010 | Hasköy |  |  |
| 2010–2013 | Çamlıcaspor | 59 | (13) |
| 2013 | Marmara Üniversitesi Spor | 6 | (1) |
| 2014–2015 | Ataşehir Belediyespor | 24 | (2) |
| 2015–2019 | Beşiktaş J.K. | 71 | (19) |
| 2019–2022 | ALG Spor | 46 | (9) |
| 2022– | Galatasaray | 11 | (2) |
| International career | | | |
| 2011–2012 | Turkey U-19 | 20 | (0) |
| 2014 | Turkey U-21 | 1 | (0) |
| 2013– | Turkey | 24 | (1) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 23 January 2023<br>‡ National team caps and goals, correct as of 12 November 2022 | | | |


title: Eupyra disticta

abstract: Eupyra disticta is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by George Hampson in 1898. It is found in Bolivia.

text:
# Eupyra disticta

***Eupyra disticta*** is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by George Hampson in 1898. It is found in Bolivia.

## InfoBox

| *Eupyra disticta* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Subfamily: | Arctiinae |
| Genus: | *Eupyra* |
| Species: | ***E. disticta*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Eupyra disticta***<br>Hampson, 1898 | |
|


title: 1907 Boston Doves season

abstract: The 1907 Boston Doves season was the 37th season of the franchise. Before the season, longtime Boston Beaneaters owner Arthur Soden sold the team to the Dovey Brothers. The team quickly became known as the Boston Doves, named after the brothers. One bright spot during a 90-loss season came on May 8, when Big Jeff Pfeffer pitched a no-hitter in a 6–0 home win over the Cincinnati Reds.

text:
# 1907 Boston Doves season

The **1907 Boston Doves season** was the 37th season of the franchise. Before the season, longtime Boston Beaneaters owner Arthur Soden sold the team to the Dovey Brothers. The team quickly became known as the Boston Doves, named after the brothers. One bright spot during a 90-loss season came on May 8, when Big Jeff Pfeffer pitched a no-hitter in a 6–0 home win over the Cincinnati Reds.

## Regular season

### Season standings

National League
| Team |  |  | Pct. | GB | Home | Road |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Chicago Cubs | 107 | 45 | .704 |  | 5419 | 5326 |
| Pittsburgh Pirates | 91 | 63 | .591 | 17 | 4729 | 4434 |
| Philadelphia Phillies | 83 | 64 | .565 | 21½ | 4530 | 3834 |
| New York Giants | 82 | 71 | .536 | 25½ | 4530 | 3741 |
| Brooklyn Superbas | 65 | 83 | .439 | 40 | 3738 | 2845 |
| Cincinnati Reds | 66 | 87 | .431 | 41½ | 4336 | 2351 |
| Boston Doves | 58 | 90 | .392 | 47 | 3142 | 2748 |
| St. Louis Cardinals | 52 | 101 | .340 | 55½ | 3147 | 2154 |

### Record vs. opponents

| <br>Sources: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | BOS | BR | CHC | CIN | NYG | PHI | PIT | STL |
| Boston |  | 12–7–2 | 5–17 | 9–13 | 9–13 | 8–11–1 | 9–13–1 | 6–16 |
| Brooklyn | 7–12–2 |  | 5–15–1 | 15–7–1 | 10–12–1 | 8–13 | 6–16 | 14–8 |
| Chicago | 17–5 | 15–5–1 |  | 17–5 | 16–6 | 14–8 | 12–10–1 | 16–6–1 |
| Cincinnati | 13–9 | 7–15–1 | 5–17 |  | 9–13–1 | 8–13 | 10–12–1 | 14–8 |
| New York | 13–9 | 12–10–1 | 6–16 | 13–9–1 |  | 11–10 | 10–12 | 17–5 |
| Philadelphia | 11–8–1 | 13–8 | 8–14 | 13–8 | 10–11 |  | 14–8 | 14–7–1 |
| Pittsburgh | 13–9–1 | 16–6 | 10–12–1 | 12–10–1 | 12–10 | 8–14 |  | 20–2 |
| St. Louis | 16–6 | 8–14 | 6–16–1 | 8–14 | 5–17 | 7–14–1 | 2–20 |  |

### Roster

| 1907 Boston Doves | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Roster** | | | | | | | | | |
| **Pitchers** |  | **Catchers** **Infielders** |  | **Outfielders** |  | **Manager** |

## Player stats

### Batting

#### Starters by position

*Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in*

| Pos | Player | G | AB | H | Avg. | HR | RBI |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| C | Tom Needham | 86 | 260 | 51 | .196 | 1 | 19 |
| 1B | Fred Tenney | 150 | 554 | 151 | .273 | 0 | 26 |
| 2B | Claude Ritchey | 144 | 499 | 127 | .255 | 2 | 51 |
| SS | Al Bridwell | 140 | 509 | 111 | .218 | 0 | 26 |
| 3B | Dave Brain | 133 | 509 | 142 | .279 | 10 | 56 |
| OF | Ginger Beaumont | 150 | 580 | 187 | .322 | 4 | 62 |
| OF | Johnny Bates | 126 | 447 | 116 | .260 | 2 | 49 |
| OF | Newt Randall | 75 | 258 | 55 | .213 | 0 | 15 |

#### Other batters

*Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in*

| Player | G | AB | H | Avg. | HR | RBI |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Sam Brown | 70 | 208 | 40 | .192 | 0 | 14 |
| Bill Sweeney | 58 | 191 | 50 | .262 | 0 | 18 |
| Del Howard | 50 | 187 | 51 | .273 | 1 | 13 |
| Frank Burke | 43 | 129 | 23 | .178 | 0 | 8 |
| Izzy Hoffman | 19 | 86 | 24 | .279 | 0 | 3 |
| Jim Ball | 10 | 36 | 6 | .167 | 0 | 3 |
| Jess Orndorff | 5 | 17 | 2 | .118 | 0 | 0 |
| Joe Knotts | 3 | 8 | 0 | .000 | 0 | 0 |
| Oscar Westerberg | 2 | 6 | 2 | .333 | 0 | 1 |
| Tom Asmussen | 2 | 5 | 0 | .000 | 0 | 0 |
| Bob Brush | 2 | 2 | 0 | .000 | 0 | 0 |

### Pitching

#### Starting pitchers

*Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts*

| Player | G | IP | W | L | ERA | SO |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Gus Dorner | 36 | 271.1 | 12 | 16 | 3.12 | 85 |
| Vive Lindaman | 34 | 260.0 | 11 | 15 | 3.63 | 90 |
| Irv Young | 40 | 245.1 | 10 | 23 | 3.96 | 86 |
| Patsy Flaherty | 27 | 217.0 | 12 | 15 | 3.70 | 34 |
| Big Jeff Pfeffer | 19 | 144.0 | 6 | 8 | 3.00 | 65 |
| Frank Barberich | 2 | 12.1 | 1 | 1 | 5.84 | 1 |
| Rube Dessau | 2 | 9.1 | 0 | 1 | 10.61 | 1 |
| Ernie Lindemann | 1 | 6.1 | 0 | 0 | 5.68 | 3 |

#### Other pitchers

*Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts*

| Player | G | IP | W | L | ERA | SO |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Jake Boultes | 24 | 139.2 | 5 | 9 | 2.71 | 49 |
| Sam Frock | 5 | 33.1 | 1 | 2 | 2.47 | 12 |

## InfoBox

| 1907 Boston Doves | |
| --- | --- |
| League | National League |
| Ballpark | South End Grounds |
| City | Boston, Massachusetts |
| Record | 58–90 (.392) |
| League place | 7th |
| Owners | George Dovey, John Dovey |
| Managers | Fred Tenney |
|  | |


title: Allan Slab Hut

abstract: Allan Slab Hut is a heritage-listed slab hut at Warrah Road, Duckinwilla, Fraser Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built c. 1900. It is also known as Price Property. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 28 April 2000.

text:
# Allan Slab Hut

**Allan Slab Hut** is a heritage-listed slab hut at Warrah Road, Duckinwilla, Fraser Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built c.1900. It is also known as Price Property. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 28 April 2000.

## History

The Allan Slab Hut at Doongul Creek, via Torbanlea is a basic, hand-built hardwood structure built sometime in the first decade of the twentieth century by Henry Price, an emigrant miner from Wales, as the home for his family.

Henry Price arrived by ship in Maryborough sometime around the turn of the century and was followed some time later by his wife Esther Ann Price and her daughter Blodwen Comely Evans Price. It is believed that the family squatted on their small selection before formally selecting the land in 1913. The possibilities for self sufficiency offered by this selection of one hundred and sixty five acres and three roods, would have brought greater economic stability and autonomy than Esther Price had ever known. Illiterate and twice widowed by mining accidents in Wales, Esther married Henry Price in her middle age and emigrated to Australia with her daughter. Their lives were typical of poor migrants who came to Australia and eked out a living on small marginal selections.

The slab hut was the first house the family had ever owned and Henry built it himself from hardwood felled, or already fallen, on the property, possibly ironbark or stringybark. Esther was a midwife and in Wales had lived in a tiny urban cottage with her brother and five lodgers. She had to acquire a range of new skills to deal with life in rural Queensland. She cooked outdoors at an uncovered hearth and worked five acres of market gardens to raise a small income.

Her daughter, Blodwen married Archibald Allan, a miner from Howard in 1912 and raised her surviving five children on the property in a former school building, brought to the site from Upper Doongul sometime in the 1920s. A number of the children were born on the property with Esther in attendance as midwife. Archibald Allan travelled 12 miles (19 km) by bicycle to work ten- and twelve-hour days, six days a week in nearby coal mines to support the family after Henry Price's death. Esther and Blodwen sold vegetables in Howard to supplement his wages which were barely enough to feed the family and the sons hunted for wild birds to provide some protein in their diet. Esther was known in the district as a "wise woman", someone who would assist women in having their babies and it is likely that she traded her midwifery skills for other goods or services. Midwives, both trained and untrained, provided the primary care for birthing women in Queensland until the 1930s and homebirthing continued as a more common practice in rural areas than urban.

The mines in the Torbanlea district were a source of opportunity for migrants and yet the conditions for miners were such that financial security was still difficult to attain. Coal was first discovered in the Burrum River region in 1863 and mining was well underway by the turn of the century. There were three producing mines - Burrum, Riverbank and Torbanlea, which in 1900 produced about one fifth of the Colony's total production. The Burrum Colliery run by Queensland Collieries Company Limited was by far the biggest operation in the district and was the stimulus for the founding of the town of Howard. The managing Rankin family had instituted a rule of "paternal despotism" and the fine house "Brooklyn" that the company built for them in Howard stands in stark contrast to the hand-built timber hut of the Allan family.

The Burrum coal mines were the last to be unionised in Queensland, conditions were notoriously bad and average wages were a shilling a day. Miners were paid by the ton, used pick and shovel and were never certain that they would have work the next day. Mining was the only local source of employment and the mine operators dictated the terms of employment. A small number of favoured permanent miners were provided with a miner's hut, a four-roomed stringybark cottage, of which there were fourteen in Torbanlea. Families had an average of eleven children and whilst most miners usually had only one meal a day, they endeavoured to provide two meals a day for their children.

In this context, the construction of the slab hut was something of an achievement. The building method is an improvised version of fencing construction techniques used to construct a basic dwelling of hardwood slabs nailed and wired to posts and rails. It demonstrates the family's need to make do with what they could find or afford, rather than reflecting a tradition of craftmanship or even bush carpentry. Many mining families in the district lived in dwellings constructed of posts, flattened kerosene tins and hessian sacks and strained economic circumstances meant that many families were not able to hold on to their selections. In fact, the Allan family property is now an isolated piece of freehold land within an area of former selections that reverted to Crown land when previous owners were unable to sustain a living. The resilience and tenacity that was necessary for the Allan and Price families to be able to hang on to their selection and indeed consolidate and develop it, is demonstrated by the length of time that the hut was used as a dwelling.

Esther Price lived in the slab hut until she died in 1936. She planted a fig tree that now shelters the hut, which is situated amongst the remnant evidence of the orchards and market gardens that once surrounded it. Three other trees have been planted on the property to commemorate members of the family, two figs and a crow's ash. The slab hut has subsequently been used as a fowlhouse and for general storage and is currently not used.

## Description

The Allan Slab Hut is a small structure, approximately three metres by four metres in plan, located on a property in the vicinity of Doongul Creek, west of Torbanlea. It has a simple rectangular form, a pitched roof and a lean-to addition on the northern side. A large fig tree is located to the north, along with remnants of former fences and hitching rails.

The walls are constructed of vertical hardwood slabs that have been shaped with an axe or adze. The slabs have been dressed at the top and bottom to conform to a regular depth and are connected to top and bottom plates with either nails or lengths of twisted wire. Rails have been checked into round corner posts and there is also a central round post in each of the long sides of the hut. The floor is formed from ant-bed and although now covered with dust, is clearly discernible. An entry door is located on the eastern wall, it has a fanlight space above that is covered with corrugated iron. In the eastern end of the southern wall the slabs have been cut at about two-thirds height to form a long window-like opening. This has now been boarded up with horizontal boards. A galvanised, corrugated iron water tank is also situated against the southern wall.

The corrugated iron sheeting and roof battens have been replaced, however, some of the roof structure consists of hewn rafters. The gable ends are infilled with horizontal timber boards. The lean-to on the northern side also appears to be more recent. It is roughly constructed of a mixture of round and hewn rafters. The plate supporting the roof structure has been simply nailed or wired to the slab wall and the other edge of the roof is supported by three large round timber posts. The western end of the lean-to space has been enclosed with horizontal sheets of corrugated iron and the northern wall is enclosed with chicken wire.

An exterior hearth formed of a semi-circle of river stones located at the western end of the hut is now covered with dirt and can only be seen in times of heavy rain. Beyond the fig tree on the northern side is a small waterhole. The former orchard area lies beyond this, with a single Chinese Date tree surviving.

## Heritage listing

Allan Slab Hut was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 28 April 2000 having satisfied the following criteria.

**The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history.**

The Allan Slab Hut is important in demonstrating the evolution and pattern of Queensland's history, representing the continuity of pioneering life in rural Queensland into the twentieth century. The hut provides evidence of the harsh and basic living conditions and improvised building techniques and survival tactics employed by settlers of the Burrum region.

**The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland's cultural heritage.**

As a surviving example of a slab building constructed using primitive building techniques and erected in the early twentieth century, the Allan Slab Hut demonstrates rare, uncommon and endangered aspects of Queensland's cultural heritage.

**The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.**

The Allan Slab Hut, together with the large adjacent fig tree, has aesthetic significance for its qualities as a ruin and integral part of its rustic setting, evocative of past agricultural and domestic activities.

**The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.**

The place has a strong association with impoverished mining families of the Burrum region, reflecting the struggle and hardship experienced by this community as they toiled to establish viable lives for themselves.

### Attribution

This Wikipedia article was originally based on *"The Queensland heritage register"* published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 7 July 2014, archived on 8 October 2014). The geo-coordinates were originally computed from the *"Queensland heritage register boundaries"* published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 5 September 2014, archived on 15 October 2014).

Media related to Allan Slab Hut at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Allan Slab Hut | |
| --- | --- |
| Allan Slab Hut, 2000 | |
| Location | Warrah Road, Duckinwilla, Fraser Coast Region, Queensland, Australia |
| Coordinates | 25°26′43″S 152°32′00″E / 25.4452°S 152.5333°E / -25.4452; 152.5333 |
| Design period | 1900 - 1914 (early 20th century) |
| Built | c.1900 |
|  | |
| Queensland Heritage Register | |
| Official name | Allan Slab Hut, Price Property |
| Type | state heritage (built) |
| Designated | 28 April 2000 |
| Reference no. | 601934 |
| Significant period | c.1900 (fabric)<br>1900-1936 (historical) |
| Significant components | tank - water, trees/plantings, hut/shack, fencing |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location of Allan Slab Hut in QueenslandAllan Slab Hut (Australia) | |


title: Anthidium philorum

abstract: Anthidium philorum is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae, the leaf-cutter, carder, or mason bees.

text:
# Anthidium philorum

***Anthidium philorum*** is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae, the leaf-cutter, carder, or mason bees.

## Synonyms

Synonyms for this species include:

* *Anthidium philorum var abbotti* Cockerell, 1911

## InfoBox

| *Anthidium philorum* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Megachilidae |
| Genus: | *Anthidium* |
| Species: | ***A. philorum*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Anthidium philorum***<br>Cockerell, 1910 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| see text | |