title: 2000 HEW Cyclassics

abstract: The 2000 HEW Cyclassics was the fifth edition of the HEW Cyclassics cycle race and was held on 6 August 2000. The race started and finished in Hamburg. The race was won by Gabriele Missaglia.

text:
# 2000 HEW Cyclassics

The **2000 HEW Cyclassics** was the fifth edition of the HEW Cyclassics cycle race and was held on 6 August 2000. The race started and finished in Hamburg. The race was won by Gabriele Missaglia.

## General classification

| **Final general classification**   Cyclist Team Time  1  Gabriele Missaglia (ITA) Lampre–Daikin 6h 17' 22"  2  Francesco Casagrande (ITA) Vini Caldirola–Sidermec s.t.  3  Fabio Baldato (ITA) Fassa Bortolo \+ 2"  4  Erik Zabel (GER)  Team Telekom s.t.  5  Thor Hushovd (NOR) Crédit Agricole s.t.  6  Gabriele Balducci (ITA) Fassa Bortolo s.t.  7  Marco Zanotti (ITA) Liquigas–Pata s.t.  8  Massimiliano Mori (ITA) Saeco–Valli & Valli s.t.  9  Magnus Bäckstedt (SWE) Crédit Agricole s.t.  10  Romāns Vainšteins (LAT) Vini Caldirola–Sidermec s.t. |
| --- |

## Further reading

## InfoBox

2000 HEW Cyclassics
| Race details | |
| --- | --- |
| Dates | 6 August 2000 |
| Stages | 1 |
| Distance | 250.8 km (155.8 mi) |
| Winning time | 6h 17' 22" |
| Results | |
| Winner  Gabriele Missaglia (ITA)  Second  Francesco Casagrande (ITA)  Third  Fabio Baldato (ITA) | |
|


abstract: The men's 4 x 400 metres relay event at the 1986 European Athletics Championships was held in Stuttgart, then West Germany, at Neckarstadion on 30 and 31 August 1986.

text:
# 1986 European Athletics Championships – Men's 4 × 400 metres relay

The **men's 4 x 400 metres relay** event at the 1986 European Athletics Championships was held in Stuttgart, then West Germany, at Neckarstadion on 30 and 31 August 1986.

## Medalists

| **Gold** | Derek Redmond
Kriss Akabusi
Brian Whittle
Roger Black
*United Kingdom* |
| --- | --- |
| **Silver** | Klaus Just
Edgar Itt
Harald Schmid
Ralf Lübke
*West Germany* |
| **Bronze** | Vladimir Prosin
Vladimir Krylov
Arkadiy Kornilov
Aleksandr Kurochkin
*Soviet Union* |

## Results

### Final

31 August

| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | United Kingdom | Derek Redmond
Kriss Akabusi
Brian Whittle
Roger Black | 2:59.84 | **CR** |
|  | West Germany | Klaus Just
Edgar Itt
Harald Schmid
Ralf Lübke | 3:00.17 | **NR** |
|  | Soviet Union | Vladimir Prosin
Vladimir Krylov
Arkadiy Kornilov
Aleksandr Kurochkin | 3:00.47 |  |
| 4 | Italy | Giovanni Bongiorni
Mauro Zuliani
Vito Petrella
Roberto Ribaud | 3:01.37 | **NR** |
| 5 | Spain | Juan José Prado
Antonio Sánchez
José Alonso
Ángel Heras | 3:04.12 |  |
| 6 | East Germany | Frank Möller
Carlo Niestadt
Thomas Schönlebe
Mathias Schersing | 3:04.87 |  |
| 7 | Yugoslavia | Slobodan Branković
Slobodan Popović
Predrag Melnjak
Željko Knapić | 3:05.27 |  |
| 8 | France | Yann Quentrec
Philippe Gonigam
Jean-Jacques Boussemart
Aldo Canti | 3:10.17 |  |

### Heats

30 August

#### Heat 1

| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | West Germany | Klaus Just
Edgar Itt
Jörg Vaihinger
Harald Schmid | 3:03.79 | **Q** |
| 2 | Italy | Giovanni Bongiorni
Mauro Zuliani
Vito Petrella
Roberto Ribaud | 3:03.96 | **Q** |
| 3 | United Kingdom | Kriss Akabusi
Brian Whittle
Phil Brown
Roger Black | 3:04.17 | **Q** |
| 4 | Spain | Juan José Prado
Antonio Sánchez
José Alonso
Ángel Heras | 3:04.44 | **q** |
| 5 | Hungary | Gusztáv Menczer
László Kiss
István Takács
István Szabó | 3:09.50 |  |

#### Heat 2

| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Soviet Union | Vladimir Volodko
Vladimir Prosin
Arkadiy Kornilov
Aleksandr Kurochkin | 3:04.60 | **Q** |
| 2 | East Germany | Frank Möller
Carlo Niestadt
Thomas Schönlebe
Mathias Schersing | 3:05.53 | **Q** |
| 3 | Yugoslavia | Slobodan Branković
Slobodan Popović
Predrag Melnjak
Željko Knapić | 3:05.92 | **Q** |
| 4 | France | Yann Quentrec
Pascal Barré
Jean-Jacques Boussemart
Aldo Canti | 3:06.40 | **q** |

## Participation

According to an unofficial count, 40 athletes from 9 countries participated in the event.

## InfoBox

| Men's 4 x 400 metres relay
at the European Athletics Championships | |
| --- | --- |


title: Bago Bluff National Park

abstract: Bago Bluff is a national park in New South Wales, Australia, approximately 410 km northeast of Sydney. It is situated south west of Wauchope and includes parts of the former Broken Bago State Forest and a part of Lorne State Forest. The Bago Bluff National Park also includes in the northern section the old Bago Bluff Flora Reserve and Six B Flora Reserve. Bago Bluff offers splendid views of the Hastings Valley from the top of the bluff which can be accessed via several forest roads from the south, including Bago Road. The park's northern boundary is on southern side of the Oxley Highway where there are two badly washed 4WD tracks into the park. Quarries in the park have previously yielded leaf and shell fossils. Birds that may be spotted in the park include: Australian magpies, golden whistlers, green winged pigeons, grey fantails (Rhipidura), kookaburras, large-billed scrubwrens, spotted pardalotes, pied currawongs, striated thornbills and white-browed scrubwrens. Lantana has become a problem in the park where it is almost covering some of the tracks.

text:
# Bago Bluff National Park

**Bago Bluff** is a national park in New South Wales, Australia, approximately 410 km northeast of Sydney. It is situated south west of Wauchope and includes parts of the former Broken Bago State Forest and a part of Lorne State Forest. The Bago Bluff National Park also includes in the northern section the old Bago Bluff Flora Reserve and Six B Flora Reserve.

Bago Bluff offers splendid views of the Hastings Valley from the top of the bluff which can be accessed via several forest roads from the south, including Bago Road. The park's northern boundary is on southern side of the Oxley Highway where there are two badly washed 4WD tracks into the park.

Quarries in the park have previously yielded leaf and shell fossils.

Birds that may be spotted in the park include: Australian magpies (*Gymnorhina tibicen*), golden whistlers (*Pachycephala pectoralis*), green winged pigeons, grey fantails (*Rhipidura*), kookaburras (genus *Dacelo*), large-billed scrubwrens (*Sericornis magnirostris*), spotted pardalotes (*Pardalotus punctatus*), pied currawongs (*Strepera graculina*), striated thornbills (*Acanthiza lineata*) and white-browed scrubwrens (*Sericornis frontalis*).

Lantana has become a problem in the park where it is almost covering some of the tracks.

## InfoBox

| Bago Bluff National Park
New South Wales | |
| --- | --- |
| IUCN category II (national park) | |
| Bago Bluff | |
| Bago Bluff National Park | |
| Nearest town or city | Wauchope |
| Coordinates | 31°31′56″S 152°37′44″E / 31.53222°S 152.62889°E / -31.53222; 152.62889 |
| Established | January 1999 (1999-01) |
| Area | 40.23 km2 (15.5 sq mi) |
| Managing authorities | National Parks and Wildlife Service (New South Wales) |
| Website | Bago Bluff National Park |
| See also | Protected areas of
New South Wales |


title: Ashland Commercial Historic District

abstract: The Ashland Commercial Historic District is a designated historic district bounded by 13th Street, Carter Avenue, 18th Street, and Front Street in Downtown Ashland, Kentucky. It is composed of 84 properties, including such prominent buildings as the Camayo Arcade, Crump and Field Grocery Company, First Presbyterian Church, Paramount Arts Center, and Ashland National Bank Building. The 21 acres (8.5 ha) district covers nearly 13 blocks, with the period of significance being 1850 to 1940. The brick commercial buildings within the district date from 1890 to 1940, although 43 of the buildings date from 1900 to 1925; a period of significant economic expansion for Ashland.

text:
# Ashland Commercial Historic District

The **Ashland Commercial Historic District** is a designated historic district bounded by 13th Street, Carter Avenue, 18th Street, and Front Street in Downtown Ashland, Kentucky. It is composed of 84 properties, including such prominent buildings as the Camayo Arcade, Crump and Field Grocery Company, First Presbyterian Church, Paramount Arts Center, and Ashland National Bank Building.

The 21 acres (8.5 ha) district covers nearly 13 blocks, with the period of significance being 1850 to 1940. The brick commercial buildings within the district date from 1890 to 1940, although 43 of the buildings date from 1900 to 1925; a period of significant economic expansion for Ashland.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Ashland Commercial Historic District | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. Historic district | |
|  | |
| Southern side of the 1600 block of Winchester Avenue | |
|  | |
| Location | Ashland, Kentucky, United States |
| Coordinates | 38°28′45″N 82°38′24″W / 38.47917°N 82.64000°W / 38.47917; -82.64000 |
| Area | 21 acres (8.5 ha) |
| Architectural style | Commercial style |
| NRHP reference No. | 94000838 |
| Added to NRHP | August 5, 1994 |


title: Fredmans sånger

abstract: Fredmans sånger is a collection of 65 poems and songs published in 1791 by the Swedish poet Carl Michael Bellman. As a follow-up to Fredmans epistlar from the previous year, the book contains songs from a longer period. There are bible travesties, drinking songs, rococo pastorales, and lyrical passages. Several of these songs including Gubben Noak and Fjäriln vingad are known by heart by many Swedes.

text:
# Fredmans sånger

***Fredmans sånger*** (in English, ***Fredman's Songs*** or ***Songs of Fredman***) is a collection of 65 poems and songs published in 1791 by the Swedish poet Carl Michael Bellman.

As a follow-up to *Fredmans epistlar* from the previous year, the book contains songs from a longer period. There are bible travesties ("Gubben Noak", "Gubben Loth och hans gamla Fru", "Joachim uti Babylon"), drinking songs ("Bacchi Proclama", "Til buteljen"), rococo pastorales (*Opp Amaryllis!*), and lyrical passages ("Fjäriln vingad syns på Haga").

Several of these songs including *Gubben Noak* and *Fjäriln vingad* are known by heart by many Swedes.

## Grouping of the songs

Bellman had public performances known as the *Bacchi orden* ("Order of Bacchus"). These consisted largely of travesties of the chivalric and society orders of the time, some of which Bellman himself was a member. These orders held strict ceremonials, and members were often expected to live a decent and "christian life". To be knighted in the *Order of Bacchus*, the candidate had to have been observed publicly lying in a stupor in the gutter, at least twice. Several of the songs from these performances are collected in *Songs of Fredman* (songs 1–6).

Bellman wrote drinking songs and bible travesties, and also mixed the two genres. The holy men from the Old Testament were portrayed as drunks. The travesties became popular all over the country, being spread (anonymously) by broadsheets and transcripts. Some of Bellman's bible travesties offended the church authorities. As shown in a 1768 letter from the Lund chapter, the church attempted to collect all prints and transcripts in circulation of the most popular song, "Gubben Noak", as well as other songs. It and eight other biblical travesties are songs 35–43. There is some thematic grouping among the songs. For instance, songs 18–21 are about death, 35–43 are biblical parodies and 47–54 are part of a song play about "Bacchus's bankruptcy" (*Bacchi konkurs*).

## Songs

Songs
| Number | First line | Type | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Bacchi Härolder med guld och beslag | Order of Bacchus |  |
| 2 | Ordens-Härolder ta'n Edra spiror | Order of Bacchus |  |
| 3 | Se menigheten | Order of Bacchus |  |
| 4 | Hör Pukor och Trompeter! | Order of Bacchus |  |
| 5a | Så vandra våre store män | Order of Bacchus |  |
| 5b | Se svarta böljans hvita drägg | Order of Bacchus | A lament as Johan Glock is led across the waters by Charon. "Farewell to wine and double ale". |
| 5c | Så slår min Glock nu locket til | Order of Bacchus |  |
| 6 | Hör klockorna med ängsligt dån | Order of Bacchus | On brandy-distiller Lundholm, dead. "If ever thy wife kiss'd thy chin in her life, she'd drunk have been." |
| 7 | Kärlek och Bacchus helgas min skål | Rococo | To love and Bacchus, with Astrild and Venus. |
| 8 | Ack om vi hade, god' vänner, en Så |  |  |
| 9 | Nå ödmjukaste tjenare, gunstig Herr Värd! |  | Song at dinner, celebrating food ... and drink |
| 10 | Supa klockan öfver tolf | Drinking song | If I become rich I'll buy new trousers, coat, new shoes... and have another drink before we die |
| 11 | Portugal, Spanjen, Stora Britannien |  | Allegretto in 3/8 time; bombs and rockets shall wake us with thunder, as our dragoons drink our health from crystal cups |
| 12 | Venus, Minerva | Rococo | (Venus, Minerva, Pallas, Clio, Jupiter, Pluto, Apollo, "all Olympus", Bacchus, Pan, Sylva, Phoebus, Melpomene, Cupid) |
| 13 | Det var rätt curieust; i går aftons |  | Klubben Lokatten (the Lynx Tavern) |
| 14 | Hade jag sextusende daler |  |  |
| 15 | Kom sköna Källar-flickor |  |  |
| 16 | Är jag född så vil jag lefva |  |  |
| 17 | I Januari månad, Gutår! |  |  |
| 18 | Snart är jag rykt ur tidens sköte | Death |  |
| 19 | Ack! döden är en faslig björn | Death | Bacchus |
| 20 | Mina Björnar samlen eder | Death |  |
| 21 | Så lunka vi så småningom | Death | The gravediggers discuss whether the grave is too deep, and drink brandy |
| 22 | Ach hör ett roligt giftermål! |  |  |
| 23 | Så slutas våra Sorgedar |  |  |
| 24 | Bortt vid en grind uti en skog |  |  |
| 25 | Cornelius lefde femti år |  |  |
| 26 | Ur vägen och vik |  |  |
| 27 | Ur vägen För gamla Schmidtens bår! |  |  |
| 28 | Movitz skulle bli Student |  |  |
| 29 | Grannas Lasse! Klang på lyran |  |  |
| 30 | Hör Trumpetarn, alarm! |  |  |
| 31 | Opp Amaryllis! vakna min lilla! | Rococo | (Amaryllis, Neptune, dolphins, naked sirens, Thyrsis), ostensibly about fishing |
| 32 | Träd fram du Nattens Gud | Aftonkväde (Evening poem); Rococo | (Flora, Timanthes, Alexis, Pan, Neptune, Eol, Arachne, Vulcan, Pluto, Cyclops, fauns) |
| 33 | Magistraten uti T\**** fiker |  |  |
| 34 | På Gripsholm är alt för roligt |  |  |
| 35 | Gubben Noach, Gubben Noach | Biblical travesty | "Noah rowed, Noah rowed, from his old ark, bought bottles, such as are sold, to drink, to drink, in our new park." |
| 36 | Gubben Loth och hans gamla Fru | Biblical travesty |  |
| 37 | Glada Bröder när vi dricka | Biblical travesty |  |
| 38 | En Potiphars hustru med sköna maner | Biblical travesty |  |
| 39 | Alt förvandlas, alt går omkull! | Biblical travesty |  |
| 40 | Ahasverus var så mägtig | Biblical travesty |  |
| 41 | Joachim uti Babylon | Biblical travesty | "Joachim from Babylon had a wife Susanna. Empty your flagon, Cheers for this person!" |
| 42 | Judith var en riker Enka | Biblical travesty |  |
| 43 | Adams skål, vår gamla far! | Biblical travesty | "To Adam's health, our old father!" ... "Let us drink" |
| 44 | Gamle bror Jockum, klang vid denna rågan! |  |  |
| 45 | Om ödet mig skull' skicka |  |  |
| 46 | M. Hur du dig vänder |  |  |
| 47 | Bacchus snyfta, gret och stamma | Bacchus's bankruptcy |  |
| 48 | November den femtonde dagen | Bacchus's bankruptcy |  |
| 49 | Som nu och emedan | Bacchus's bankruptcy |  |
| 50 | Parterna syns kring Bacchus så röder | Bacchus's bankruptcy |  |
| 51 | Utterquist - Ja! | Bacchus's bankruptcy |  |
| 52 | Närvarande vid fluidum | Bacchus's bankruptcy |  |
| 53 | Som af Handlingarne, Bröder | Bacchus's bankruptcy |  |
| 54 | I närvarande Parter | Bacchus's bankruptcy |  |
| 55 | Mollberg höll flaskan och Bredström satt |  |  |
| 56 | När jag har en plåt at dricka |  |  |
| 57 | Sjung och läs nu Bacchi böner |  |  |
| 58 | Nej fåfängt! hvart jag ser |  |  |
| 59 | Har du något i flaskan qvar? |  |  |
| 60 | Du har at fordra af mitt sinne |  |  |
| 61 | Se god dag min vän, min frände |  |  |
| 62 | Aldrig et ord! |  |  |
| 63 | Mäster Petrus från det helga höga |  |  |
| 64 | Fjäriln vingad syns på Haga |  | A song about King Gustav III's Hagaparken. Most Swedes can sing this unaided. |
| 65 | Så ser jag ut vid stranden |  |  |
|

## Persons

The songs portray a series of persons, mostly people lapsed into heavy drinking. Named persons are Kolmodin (treasurer), Holmström, Nystedt (pub owner), Meissner (brewer), Steindecker (royal kettledrummer), Lundholm (brewer and distiller), Appelstubbe (customs officer), Österman (workshop owner), Halling (baker), Agrell (customs officer), Kämpendal, Nybom, Planberg, Joseph Israelson (student and poet) and Knapen (musician). In addition to these are the biblical figures such as Adam and Susanna; and the characters from classical mythology Bacchus and Venus, plus a few more.


title: Avernum

abstract: Avernum is a series of demoware role-playing video games by Jeff Vogel of Spiderweb Software available for Macintosh and Windows-based computers. Several are available for iPad, and were formerly available for Android. There are six canonical games in the series. The first three games in the series and the non-canon Blades of Avernum are remakes of the Exile series by Jeff Vogel, who owns the company, collectively entitled Avernum: First Trilogy. The next three games, also by Vogel, were released in 2005, 2007 and 2009 respectively. The latter games are entirely original built on a newer game engine and not a remake of any previous game. The Avernum games, like other Spiderweb Software games, are designed with gameplay and storytelling before graphical elements. In December 2011, a newer version of Avernum has been released, Avernum: Escape from the Pit, followed by its sequels Avernum 2: Crystal Souls in 2015 and Avernum 3: Ruined World in 2018.

text:
# Avernum

***Avernum*** is a series of demoware role-playing video games by Jeff Vogel of Spiderweb Software available for Macintosh and Windows-based computers. Several are available for iPad, and were formerly available for Android.

There are six canonical games in the series. The first three games in the series and the non-canon *Blades of Avernum* are remakes of the *Exile* series by Jeff Vogel, who owns the company, collectively entitled *Avernum: First Trilogy*. The next three games (*Avernum: Second Trilogy*), also by Vogel, were released in 2005, 2007 and 2009 respectively. The latter games are entirely original built on a newer game engine and not a remake of any previous game. The *Avernum* games, like other Spiderweb Software games, are designed with gameplay and storytelling before graphical elements. In December 2011, a newer version of Avernum has been released, *Avernum: Escape from the Pit*, followed by its sequels *Avernum 2: Crystal Souls* in 2015 and *Avernum 3: Ruined World* in 2018.

## Improvements over *Exile*

The original *Exile* games used a top-down perspective tile-based graphical system, effectively displayed as an X-Y axis wherein each tile in the grid was filled by a base graphic and perhaps an item or character icon. *Avernum* features a 45-degree axonometric display that appears three-dimensional. The game also adds varying terrain height, allowing for more interesting map layouts.

As the first three games in the series are remakes of the *Exile* series, the primary plot devices remain relatively unchanged, while many new encounters and side-quests are added. With the design overhaul came improvements to the graphical user interface (GUI) and to the storyline as well. Also Avernum has a maximum of four party members instead of six (with a minor exception of two NPCs in Blades of Avernum). In-game art by Phil Foglio lends a more humorous feel to the game.

## Games

Release timeline
| 1995 | *Exile I: Escape from the Pit* |
| --- | --- |
| 1996 | *Exile II: Crystal Souls* |
| 1997 | *Exile III: Ruined World* |
| | *Blades of Exile* |
| 1998 |
| 1999 |
| 2000 | *Avernum* |
| | *Avernum 2* |
| 2001 |
| 2002 | *Avernum 3* |
| 2003 |
| 2004 | *Blades of Avernum* |
| 2005 | *Avernum IV* |
| 2006 |
| 2007 | *Avernum V* |
| 2008 |
| 2009 | *Avernum 6* |
| 2010 |
| 2011 | *Avernum: Escape from the Pit* |
| 2012 |
| 2013 |
| 2014 |
| 2015 | *Avernum II: Crystal Souls* |
| 2016 |
| 2017 |
| 2018 | *Avernum III: Ruined World* |

The *Avernum* games take place largely in a subterranean world known as Avernum. The main clash of the game is between the Avernites and the surface kingdom, known as the Empire.

The game features several races. The humans are the dominant race in the series, with the Nephilim and Slithzerikai being two other primary races. Among notable encounters in the game are the Vahnatai, a race of highly magical and alien creatures who live in the deeper caves of Avernum.

The *Avernum* series, similarly to the *Exile* before it, is demoware. The user can download the program for free, and play a significant part of the game without restrictions. The demo ends at a certain point in the storyline, at which time the user must purchase a registration key to continue playing.

### *Avernum: First Trilogy*

#### *Avernum*

*Avernum*, the first game of the *Avernum* series, features a party of characters thrown from the surface world into the subterranean Avernum. Once here, the player discovers a culture that has formed from the outcasts of the Empire above: a culture beset by constant warfare and monsters galore. In Avernum, adventurers meet with many who wish to get revenge on the Empire for the wrongs it has done to the Avernites.

Besides countless side quests along the way, the game offers three primary quests: killing the demon Grah-Hoth, discovering a route back to the surface, and assassinating Emperor Hawthorne of the surface world.

The game was re-released as *Avernum: Escape from the Pit* in December 2011 for OS X and April 2012 for iOS and Windows. This re-released version is the second remake of *Escape from the Pit* and uses a new game engine.

#### *Avernum 2*

*Avernum 2* takes place five years after the events in the original *Avernum*. Upon assassination of Emperor Hawthorne, the Empire of the surface recognizes the threat the Avernites pose and begins sending huge military forces down to Avernum. To make matters worse, unknown barriers of energy are sprouting up around the Avernum, which divides Avernum's forces, making them weaker.

The player controls a party of characters that meets one of the Vahnatai creatures responsible for the barriers in Avernum, and travels to meet with their leaders to negotiate. The party finds out that the reason of the hostility is the theft of the crystal souls by the Empire. The party retrieves the crystal souls, and in turn the Vahnatai join the Avernites in opposition against the Empire. With their support, the Avernites turn the tables on the Empire and successfully repel the invasion.

Starting *Avernum 2* player may choose to have Nephilim and Slithzerikai characters in the party, in contrast to the original *Avernum* that allowed only human characters.

#### *Avernum 3*

*Avernum 3* takes place ten years after the events of *Avernum 2*. Avernites have done a lot of preparation and are ready to send a selected few back into the light of the surface. After those selected few vanish, they send a selected few more. While those who emerge are at first stunned by the sheer beauty of the land around them, they also begin to notice that things are not as perfect as they seem. The slimes encountered are only the first part of what becomes a series of monsters and terrible occurrences that are blighting the Empire and laying it to waste. When scouting the land, as per orders from the Avernite government, the player is asked by the Empire to help save the surface from its blight. Adventurers must bring the Avernites and the Empire together to find the cause of the destruction.

### *Blades of Avernum*

*Blades of Avernum* is a non-canon installment in the *Avernum* series, released in June 2004. It comes with four pre-installed scenarios, three of which are only available after game purchase. Its most notable feature is a free scenario creation kit that can be downloaded and used to make scenarios that can be distributed to other players. It has come under fire for being "too complex" in comparison to *Blades of Exile*, its predecessor, which used a very simple instruction list instead of a script system. On the other hand, it has also been praised for allowing many new possibilities using said script system, which couldn't be achieved with the *Blades of Exile* system.

Spiderweb Software has released the source code for the editor and allows others to make enhanced versions and add-ons, which a number of players have done. The most notable adaptation of the editor is a 3D editor, which allows the user to view and edit a project using axonometric in-game view.

### *Avernum: Second Trilogy*

#### *Avernum 4*

*Avernum 4* was released for Macintosh in late 2005 and released for Windows on March 2, 2006. It makes use of the Geneforge engine and merges it with the *Avernum* engine; essentially this means that the gameplay is entirely turn-based, but uses the *Geneforge* point-and-click navigation and user interfaces. In addition, there is a large amount of new art in order to bring the world of Avernum to life within the reworked *Geneforge* engine.

*Avernum 4* takes place long after the other games – one of the dialogue options remarks that the events of the third game happened "before we were even born". Weird monsters have been appearing in the underworld, and three powerful shades have been attacking people in the cities. A group of assassins also appears and targets all travellers and especially player characters. The player takes charge of a group of heroes which will, in the end, determine the fate of all of Avernum.

#### *Avernum 5*

On November 12, 2007 Spiderweb Software released *Avernum 5* for Macintosh, followed by the Windows version on February 16, 2008. The game utilizes the same game engine as its predecessor, but differs greatly in its plot element. Instead of being hired by Avernum (as with all other chapters in the series), the party of adventurers in the story fulfill the bidding of the Empire. The player controlling the party must hunt down the assassin Dorikas while dealing with numerous other obstacles such as spies and betrayal. Meanwhile, characters in the party are trained in over fifty spells and battle disciplines. Battle disciplines are applied on an axonometric game grid sharing an interface with *Avernum 4*.

#### *Avernum 6*

*Avernum 6* was released late 2009 for the Macintosh and early March 2010 for Windows and was developed on a low budget. In the time since the last game, Avernum has been struck by several disasters. The mushrooms which provide most of Avernum's food have been infected with a disease causing them to become poisonous and die, and the Slithzerikai horde has attacked. The player controls a group of Avernite soldiers whose job is to save Avernum.

## Rebooted Series

### *Avernum: Escape from the Pit*

In 2011, the series was rebooted with *Avernum: Escape from the Pit*, which follows the same plot (and whose title is a portmanteau of) *Avernum* and *Exile: Escape from the Pit*, but features a greatly enhanced game engine and an expanded storyline.

### *Avernum 2: Crystal Souls*

In 2015, following the reboot of the first game, the second game was rebooted, based on the same plot and title of *Avernum 2* and *Exile II: Crystal Souls*. Once again it consists of game engine enhancements and additional plot elements.

### *Avernum 3: Ruined World*

The third rebooted game, based on the same plot and title of *Avernum 3* and *Exile III: Ruined World* was released on January 31, 2018.

## Reception

The original titles in the *Avernum* series have frequently been met with praise for the depth of their storytelling and gameplay, while simultaneously receiving criticism for the use of crude graphics and game engines and lack of better sound effects.

Although *Avernum* is an indie game, it is nevertheless compared to games released by publishers. A review of the original *Avernum* in July 2000 noted that it was "not even in the same league as current RPG/RTS products \[in\] the market". Newer games in the series, however, were praised for having much higher production values.

Several years later, in August 2002, the Just RPG review of sequel *Avernum 3* reached a completely different conclusion. Scoring the game as an 88%, the review concluded, "Bottom line? Graphics don't make the game. Despite lack of animation and 32-bit graphics, this is a top-notch RPG that I would love to see more of in today's market."

The latter games in the series received more positive reviews. A June 2006 review at Game Tunnel for *Avernum 4* commented that "lots of thought \[was\] given to the environment and background story, and the game itself seems very solid."

Reaction to the final game of the original series, *Avernum 6*, was reasonably positive and praised the storyline. IndieRPGs.com said it was "a game that lives and dies by the strength of its writing, and the writing is pretty good", while noting that "it lacks a certain level of polish". IT Reviews commented, "As long as you can get past the aesthetics, Avernum 6 is a compelling slice of old school role-playing, which is well designed on the character development and combat fronts." It was also nominated and became the runner-up on "Independent RPG of the Year" by GameBanshee.

The games have received very varying scores throughout the series, often the tipping point being the "inadequate" graphics. However, most reviews admitted to good storytelling and well-presented RPG gameplay elements, noting that the game is recognisable for its gameplay value.

The Avernum series was rebooted in early 2010s, and the ground-up rewrites *Avernum: Escape from the Pit* and *Avernum 2: Crystal Souls* have received a largely positive critical reception. For example, GameBanshee wrote, "Fans looking to get into the Avernum series will do very well with *Escape from the Pit*, and while the improvements beyond the game engine and visuals are relatively modest, there's still a lot to enjoy even if you've played through the game once before already."

## InfoBox

| Avernum | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Genre(s) | Role-playing |
| Developer(s) | Spiderweb Software |
| Publisher(s) | Spiderweb Software |
| Platform(s) | Microsoft Windows, Macintosh, iOS |
| First release | *Avernum*
January 2, 2000 |
| Latest release | *Avernum 3: Ruined World*
January 31, 2018 |


title: 1997 New England Revolution season

abstract: The 1997 New England Revolution season was the second season for the New England Revolution both as a club and in Major League Soccer (MLS). Alongside the MLS Regular Season, the team made their debut in both the U.S. Open Cup and the MLS Cup Playoffs, although they failed to advance in either. The season began on March 29 with a 1–0 away win over the Dallas Burn, and concluded with a home shootout loss to D.C. United in the MLS Cup Playoffs on October 8. The 1997 season marked the first season with goalkeeper Walter Zenga, who would later be elevated to player-manager in the 1998 season after the departure of head coach Thomas Rongen.

text:
# 1997 New England Revolution season

The **1997 New England Revolution season** was the second season for the New England Revolution both as a club and in Major League Soccer (MLS). Alongside the MLS Regular Season, the team made their debut in both the U.S. Open Cup and the MLS Cup Playoffs, although they failed to advance in either. The season began on March 29 with a 1–0 away win over the Dallas Burn, and concluded with a home shootout loss to D.C. United in the MLS Cup Playoffs on October 8. The 1997 season marked the first season with goalkeeper Walter Zenga, who would later be elevated to player-manager in the 1998 season after the departure of head coach Thomas Rongen.

## Transfers

### Transfers In

| Date | Position | No. | Name | From | Fee/notes | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| February 20 | FW | 11 | Chiquinho Conde | Vitoria de Setubal | League Allocation |  |
| March 4 | GK | 1 | Walter Zenga | Calcio Padova | League Allocation |  |
| March 6 | DF | 6 | Leonardo Squadrone | Estudiantes de La Plata | League Allocation |  |
| March 10 | DF | 25 | Alejandro Farías | Boca Juniors | Discovery Player |  |
| May 9 | DF | 3 | Erik Imler | D.C. United | Claimed off Waivers |  |
| June 5 | FW | 23 | Rob Jachym | Columbus Crew | Signed |  |
| June 5 | DF | 2 | Brian Dunseth | Cal State Fullerton | Allocated from MLS Project-40 |  |
| July 10 | MF | 11 | Evans Wise | Tampa Bay Mutiny | Trade for Bill Harte |  |
| July 16 | GK | 26 | Jeff Causey | D.C. United | Signed |  |
| August 13 | FW | 33 | Giuseppe Galderisi | Tampa Bay Mutiny | Trade for Chiquinho Conde and Sam George |  |
| August 13 | MF | 7 | Ivan McKinley | Tampa Bay Mutiny | Trade for Chiquinho Conde and Sam George |  |
|

### Transfers Out

| Date | Position | No. | Name | To | Fee/notes | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| March 3 | MF | 6 | Geoff Aunger |  | Waived |  |
| March 3 | MF | 13 | Mark Watson |  | Waived |  |
| March 5 | FW | - | J.T. Roberts |  | Waived |  |
| March 10 | FW | 11 | Wélton | LA Galaxy | Traded for the Galaxy's first-round pick in the 1998 MLS Supplemental Draft |  |
| March 10 | DF | 3 | Iain Fraser |  | Waived |  |
| March 10 | GK | 32 | Aidan Heaney |  | Waived |  |
| March 10 | GK | 8 | Peter Woodring |  | Waived |  |
| March 17 | MF | 14 | John DeBrito |  | Waived |  |
| April 15 | FW | 24 | Patrick Olalere |  | Waived |  |
| May 7 | FW | 19 | Steve Klein |  | Waived |  |
| May 28 | DF | 9 | Kevin Wylie |  | Waived |  |
| June 24 | DF | 17 | Greg Lalas |  | Waived |  |
| July 10 | DF | 2 | Bill Harte | Tampa Bay Mutiny | Traded in exchange for Evans Wise |  |
| August 13 | FW | 22 | Chiquinho Conde | Tampa Bay Mutiny | Traded in exchange for Giuseppe Galderisi and Ivan McKinley |  |
| August 13 | MF | 14 | Sam George | Tampa Bay Mutiny | Traded in exchange for Giuseppe Galderisi and Ivan McKinley |  |
| November 6 | DF | 20 | Francis Okaroh | Chicago Fire | Claimed in the 7th round of the 1997 MLS Expansion Draft |  |
| November 13 | MF | 25 | Alejandro Farías |  | Waived |  |
| November 13 | FW | 33 | Giuseppe Galderisi |  | Waived |  |
| November 13 | MF | 3 | Erik Imler |  | Waived |  |
| November 13 | FW | 9 | John Kerr Jr. |  | Waived |  |
| November 13 | MF | 7 | Darren Sawatzky |  | Waived |  |
|

### Draft results

#### College draft

The Revolution traded their first-round pick to the Tampa Bay Mutiny in exchange for the singing of former Mutiny coach Thomas Rongen. In addition, the team acquired an additional third-round pick and a first-round selection (#3) in the 1997 MLS Supplemental Draft from the Dallas Burn in exchange for a first-round selection (#2) in the 1997 Supplemental Draft.

On February 2, 1997, the Revolution selected Scott Coufal, Steve Klein, and J.T. Roberts in the College Draft. On March 6, 1997, the Revolution waived Roberts.

| New England Revolution – 1997 MLS College Draft | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Round | Overall | Name | Position | Previous Club |
| 2 | 12 | Scott Coufal | GK | Indiana University |
| 3 | 22 | Steve Klein | M | Bowling Green State University |
| 3 | 26 | J.T. Roberts | M | Northern Kentucky University |

#### Supplemental draft

On February 2, 1997, the Revolution drafted Bill Harte, Patrick Olalere, and Sam George in the MLS Supplemental Draft.

| New England Revolution – 1997 MLS Supplemental Draft | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Round | Overall | Name | Position | Previous Club |
| 1 | 3 | Bill Harte | D | Loyola University, Baltimore Spirit |
| 2 | 12 | Patrick Olalere | F | Carson-Newman, California Jaguars |
| 3 | 22 | Sam George | M | UCLA, Anaheim Splash |

## Club

### Team Management

| Position | Staff |
| --- | --- |
| General Manager | Brian O'Donovan |
| Head Coach | Thomas Rongen |

Source:

### Roster

All listed players made appearances in MLS regular season play.

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

| No. Pos. Nation Player  4 DF  USA Mike Burns  5 DF  USA Ted Chronopoulos  22 DF  USA Alexi Lalas  20 DF  NGA Francis Okaroh  10 DF  ARG Beto Naveda  8 MF  USA Imad Baba  25 DF  ARG Alejandro Farías  6 DF  ARG Leonardo Squadrone  1 GK  ITA Walter Zenga  11 FW  MOZ Chiquinho Conde  9 FW  USA John Kerr Jr.  12 FW  USA Joe-Max Moore  14 MF  USA Sam George  3 DF  USA Erik Imler  11 DF  TRI Evans Wise  7 DF  RSA Ivan McKinley | No. Pos. Nation Player  33 FW  ITA Giuseppe Galderisi  26 GK  USA Jeff Causey  7 FW  USA Darren Sawatzky  18 FW  IRL Paul Keegan  27 GK  USA Scott Coufal  2 DF  USA Bill Harte  2 DF  USA Brian Dunseth  23 FW  USA Rob Jachym  19 MF  USA Steve Klein  9 DF  USA Kevin Wylie  24 FW  NGA Patrick Olalere  17 DF  USA Greg Lalas |
| --- | --- |

## Non-competitive

### Preseason

The Revolution played six pre-season matches and had a 3-2-1 record.

#### Matches

| February 26 Friendly | **New England Revolution** | **0–2** | **Dallas Burn** | Pensacola, Florida |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  | Report |  | Stadium: Pensacola Sports Complex |

| February 28 Friendly | **New England Revolution** | **v** | **Colombus Crew** |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

| March 14 Friendly | **Colorado Rapids** | **2–0** | **New England Revolution** | Kissimmee, Florida |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 3pm |  | Report |  |  |

### Mid-season friendlies

#### Matches

## Competitive

### Major League Soccer

#### Conference standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | SOW | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | D.C. United | 32 | 17 | 4 | 11 | 70 | 53 | +17 | 55 | MLS Cup Playoffs |
| 2 | Tampa Bay Mutiny | 32 | 14 | 3 | 15 | 55 | 60 | 5 | | 45 |
| 3 | Columbus Crew | 32 | 12 | 3 | 17 | 42 | 41 | +1 | | 39 |
| 4 | New England Revolution | 32 | 11 | 4 | 17 | 40 | 53 | 13 | | 37 |
| 5 | NY/NJ MetroStars | 32 | 11 | 2 | 19 | 43 | 53 | 10 | 35 |  |

Source: MLS

#### Overall standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | SOW | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | D.C. United (C, S) | 32 | 17 | 4 | 11 | 70 | 53 | +17 | 55 | CONCACAF Champions' Cup |
| 2 | Kansas City Wizards | 32 | 14 | 7 | 11 | 57 | 51 | +6 | 49 |  |
| 3 | Tampa Bay Mutiny | 32 | 14 | 3 | 15 | 55 | 60 | 5 | | 45 |
| 4 | Los Angeles Galaxy | 32 | 14 | 2 | 16 | 55 | 44 | +11 | | 44 |
| 5 | Dallas Burn | 32 | 13 | 3 | 16 | 55 | 49 | +6 | | 42 |
| 6 | Columbus Crew | 32 | 12 | 3 | 17 | 42 | 41 | +1 | | 39 |
| 7 | Colorado Rapids | 32 | 12 | 2 | 18 | 50 | 59 | 9 | 38 | CONCACAF Champions' Cup |
| 8 | New England Revolution | 32 | 11 | 4 | 17 | 40 | 53 | 13 | 37 |  |
| 9 | NY/NJ MetroStars | 32 | 11 | 2 | 19 | 43 | 53 | 10 | | 35 |
| 10 | San Jose Clash | 32 | 9 | 3 | 20 | 55 | 59 | 4 | | 30 |

Source: MLS
Rules for classification: 1) points; 2) head-to-head record; 3) goal difference; 4) number of goals scored
(C) Champions; (S) Supporters' Shield

#### Matches

### MLS Cup Playoffs

The Revolution qualified for their first ever MLS Cup Playoffs and faced off against reigning champions D.C. United in a best-of-three matches. The team failed to secure a win in either match. It would take until the MLS Cup Playoffs in 2000 before the Revolution would appear in a playoff match again, and until the MLS Cup Playoffs in 2002 before they would advance in a playoff match-up.

#### Matches

| October 5 Game 1 | **D.C. United** | **4–1** | **New England Revolution** | Washington, D.C. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Wegerle  13', 56'
Moreno  65', 76' |  | Burns  89' | Stadium: RFK Stadium
Attendance: 12,540
Referee: Tim Weyland |

*D.C. United win the series 2–0.*

### U.S. Open Cup

The Revolution made their U.S. Open Cup debut after declining to participate in the 1996 edition. They exited in the Third Round after a 4-3 loss in sudden death extra time, to the Long Island Rough Riders.

#### Matches

## Honors

1. "It's One Way to Start a Revolution". Soccer America. August 30, 1998. Archived from the original on December 2, 2023. Retrieved December 1, 2023.
2. "2023 Media Guide: Coach and Player Registry" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on December 8, 2023. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
3. "2023 Media Guide: Coach and Player Registry" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on December 8, 2023. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
4. "MLS: Mutiny trade Hattrup to Dallas". Soccer America. January 31, 1997. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved August 14, 2015.
5. "MLS: 1997 Collegiate Draft Results (Feb. 2)". Soccer America. February 2, 1997. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved August 14, 2015.
6. "March 6, 1997 Transactions". Archived from the original on July 1, 2012. Retrieved March 14, 2024.
7. "1997 New England Revolution Stats". Archived from the original on December 2, 2023. Retrieved December 1, 2023.
8. https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-boston-globe-moore-injury-a-warning/143821996/
9. "2018 New England Revolution Media Guide – Stats and Records" (PDF). pp. 1–2. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 5, 2018.

## InfoBox

New England Revolution
| 1997 season | |
| --- | --- |
| Owner | Robert Kraft (The Kraft Group) |
| Head coach | Thomas Rongen |
| Stadium | Foxboro Stadium
Foxborough, Massachusetts |
| MLS | Conference: 4th
Overall: 8th |
| MLS Cup Playoffs | Conference Semifinals |
| U.S. Open Cup | Third Round |
| Highest home attendance | League/All: 57,407
(4/20 v. Tampa Bay Mutiny) |
| Lowest home attendance | League: 10,242
(6/01 v. Dallas Burn)
All: 2,031
(7/31 v. Long Island Rough Riders, USOC) |
| Average home league attendance | 21,298 |
| Biggest win | League/All:
New England Revolution 4–2 Tampa Bay Mutiny (7/18) |
| Biggest defeat | League/All:
New England Revolution 5–1 San Jose Clash (8/3) |
|  | |


title: Exmoor Body mystery

abstract: The Exmoor Body mystery concerns the remains of an unidentified murder victim found on Winsford Hill, near Winsford, Somerset on 13 March 2002.

text:
# Exmoor Body mystery

The **Exmoor Body mystery** concerns the remains of an unidentified murder victim found on Winsford Hill, near Winsford, Somerset on 13 March 2002.

## Discovery

The body was discovered on moorland near Halse Lane on Winsford Hill in March 2002 by a park ranger who didn't open the bags and assumed they were animal remains. The remains were taken to the Devon and Somerset stag hounds kennels where there is an incinerator. After several days the bags were opened and the remains were discovered to be human.

## Identification attempts

Examination of the body showed that he was a man in his mid-20s to mid-30s. A distinctive gold pendant he wore with verse 255 from the Quran led investigators to consider that he may be a Muslim.

He suffered injuries consistent with a violent death between late 1999 and 2000. He may have been buried on Exmoor at some time after May 2001.

## Burial

The body was buried in an Islamic funeral in a cemetery in Watchet.

## Appeals

There were numerous appeals for information on his identity in 2002 including international inquiries as well as a TV reconstruction. In 2017 a new appeal was launched as he still had not been identified, even though a full DNA profile had been created.


title: First Kejriwal ministry

abstract: The First Kejriwal cabinet was the Council of Ministers in fifth Delhi Legislative Assembly headed by Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal.

text:
# First Kejriwal ministry

The **First Kejriwal cabinet** was the Council of Ministers in fifth Delhi Legislative Assembly headed by Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal.

## History

Kejriwal was then sworn in as 7th Chief Minister of Delhi on 28 December, leading the First Kejriwal cabinet, the youngest cabinet in Delhi ever. M. S. Dhir was elected as the speaker of the legislative assembly on 3 January 2014.

Amongst its first tasks, the AAP initiated a corruption response mechanism in a "*durbar*"; it also retracted the FDI in multi-brand retail that the previous government had sanctioned. Kejriwal said that though this would give consumers more options it has been shown that it "leads to loss of jobs to a very large extent. There is huge unemployment in Delhi and the AAP government does not wish to increase this unemployment. Delhi is not prepared for FDI." Yet he added that he was not against FDI by itself but that it needed to occur on a case-by-case basis.

### Government resignation

After 49 days, Kejriwal resigned as a chief minister following the failure of the introduction of Delhi's Jan Lokpal Bill in the assembly on 14 February 2014. President's rule was then imposed and the assembly was kept in suspended animation. Fresh elections were scheduled for early 2015.

## Council of Ministers (28 December 2013 - 14 February 2014)

| Portfolio | Minister | Tookoffice | Leftoffice | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Chief Minister | Arvind Kejriwal | 28 December 2013 | 14 February 2014 |  | AAP |
| Education, PWD, Urban Development, Local Bodies, Land & Building | Manish Sisodia | 28 December 2013 | 14 February 2014 |  | AAP |
| Transport, Food & Supply, Environment, GAD | Saurabh Bhardwaj | 28 December 2013 | 14 February 2014 |  | AAP |
| Law, Tourism, Administrative Reforms, Art & Culture | Somnath Bharti | 28 December 2013 | 14 February 2014 |  | AAP |
| Health, Industries | Satyendra Kumar Jain | 28 December 2013 | 14 February 2014 |  | AAP |
| Women & Child, Social Welfare, Languages | Rakhi Birla | 28 December 2013 | 14 February 2014 |  | AAP |
| SC & ST, Employment, Development, Labour | Girish Soni | 28 December 2013 | 14 February 2014 |  | AAP |

## InfoBox

| First Kejriwal ministry | |
| --- | --- |
| 9th Ministry of Delhi | |
| Arvind Kejriwal | |
| Date formed | 28 December 2013 |
| Date dissolved | 14 February 2014 |
| People and organisations | |
| Head of state | Lt Governor Najeeb Jung |
| Head of government | Arvind Kejriwal |
| Member parties | **Aam Aadmi Party** |
| Status in legislature | Minority, with outside support of Indian National Congress |
| History | |
| Election | December 2013 |
| Legislature term | 49 days |
| Predecessor | Third Dikshit ministry |
| Successor | Second Kejriwal ministry |


title: F Letter: New Russian Feminist Poetry

abstract: F Letter: New Russian Feminist Poetry is a collection of contemporary poetry edited by Galina Rymbu, Eugene Ostashevsky, and Ainsley Morse. It was the first anthology of feminist poetry from Russia in any language. Rymbu, in the introduction to the book, writes that F Letter is “a secret burrow, an island of freedom.” The works are published in both English and Russian, with a foreword by poet Eileen Myles and philosopher Amia Srinivasan. Poets in the anthology include Egana Djabbarova, Daria Serenko, Lolita Agamalov, Oksana Vasyakina, Nastya Denisova, and Ekaterina Simonova. The title of the book comes from the Russian-language journal ф письмо, which has published LGBTQ+ and feminist poetry since 2017 and was founded by Galina Rymbu.

text:
# F Letter: New Russian Feminist Poetry

***F Letter: New Russian Feminist Poetry*** is a collection of contemporary poetry edited by Galina Rymbu, Eugene Ostashevsky, and Ainsley Morse. It was the first anthology of feminist poetry from Russia in any language. Rymbu, in the introduction to the book, writes that *F Letter* is “a secret burrow, an island of freedom.” The works are published in both English and Russian, with a foreword by poet Eileen Myles and philosopher Amia Srinivasan.

Poets in the anthology include Egana Djabbarova, Daria Serenko, Lolita Agamalov, Oksana Vasyakina, Nastya Denisova, and Ekaterina Simonova. The title of the book comes from the Russian-language journal ф письмо (*F pismo*), which has published LGBTQ+ and feminist poetry since 2017 and was founded by Galina Rymbu.

## InfoBox

F Letter: New Russian Feminist Poetry
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Galina Rymbu, Eugene Ostashevsky, and Ainsley Morse |
| Language | Russian, English |
| Genre | Poetry anthology |
| Published | October 2020 |
| Publisher | *isolarii* |
| Media type | Print and Online |
| ISBN | 978-1-7350750-1-3 |


title: FNB Connect

abstract: FNB Connect is a South African Internet service provider which operates as a business unit within FirstRand Bank Limited (“FRB”). FNB is a division of one of FRB and one of the "big four" Banks in the South African market. The move into telecommunications was unprecedented at the time and in addition to normal banking products and services, FNB now offers telecommunications value added services. FNB Connect is a supplier of data for South African ADSL subscribers. FNB Connect also offers VoIP services for its clients. It is one of the first South African VoIP suppliers to have developed a VOIP application for the iPhone, Windows Mobile and Symbian mobile phones plus a PC version for Windows and Linux and a web based digital phone.

text:
# FNB Connect

**FNB Connect** is a South African Internet service provider which operates as a business unit within FirstRand Bank Limited (“FRB”). FNB is a division of one of FRB and one of the "big four" Banks in the South African market.

The move into telecommunications was unprecedented at the time and in addition to normal banking products and services, FNB now offers telecommunications value added services.

FNB Connect is a supplier of data for South African ADSL subscribers.

FNB Connect also offers VoIP services for its clients.

It is one of the first South African VoIP suppliers to have developed a VOIP application for the iPhone, Windows Mobile and Symbian mobile phones plus a PC version for Windows and Linux and a web based digital phone.

## InfoBox

FNB Connect
|
|  |
| Founder | FNB |
| Headquarters | South Africa |
| Products | Telecommunications |
| Website | www.fnb.co.za/fnb-connect/shop.html |


title: 1997 Miller 400

abstract: The 1997 Miller 400 was the 14th stock car race of the 1997 NASCAR Winston Cup Series and the 29th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, June 15, 1997, in Brooklyn, Michigan, at Michigan International Speedway, a two-mile (3.2 km) moderate-banked D-shaped speedway. The race took the scheduled 200 laps to complete. In a comeback victory, Robert Yates Racing driver Ernie Irvan would manage to dominate the late stages of the race to take his 15th and final career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his only victory of the season. To fill out the top three, Bill Elliott Racing driver Bill Elliott and Roush Racing driver Mark Martin would finish second and third, respectively.

text:
# 1997 Miller 400

The **1997 Miller 400** was the 14th stock car race of the 1997 NASCAR Winston Cup Series and the 29th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, June 15, 1997, in Brooklyn, Michigan, at Michigan International Speedway, a two-mile (3.2 km) moderate-banked D-shaped speedway. The race took the scheduled 200 laps to complete. In a comeback victory, Robert Yates Racing driver Ernie Irvan would manage to dominate the late stages of the race to take his 15th and final career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his only victory of the season. To fill out the top three, Bill Elliott Racing driver Bill Elliott and Roush Racing driver Mark Martin would finish second and third, respectively.

## Background

The race was held at Michigan International Speedway, a two-mile (3.2 km) moderate-banked D-shaped speedway located in Brooklyn, Michigan. The track is used primarily for NASCAR events. It is known as a "sister track" to Texas World Speedway as MIS's oval design was a direct basis of TWS, with moderate modifications to the banking in the corners, and was used as the basis of Auto Club Speedway. The track is owned by International Speedway Corporation. Michigan International Speedway is recognized as one of motorsports' premier facilities because of its wide racing surface and high banking (by open-wheel standards; the 18-degree banking is modest by stock car standards).

### Entry list

* **(R)** denotes rookie driver.

| # | Driver | Team | Make | Sponsor |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Jerry Nadeau | Precision Products Racing | Pontiac | R+L Carriers, Cruisin' America Phone Card |
| 2 | Rusty Wallace | Penske Racing South | Ford | Miller Lite |
| 3 | Dale Earnhardt | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | GM Goodwrench Service Plus |
| 4 | Sterling Marlin | Morgan–McClure Motorsports | Chevrolet | Kodak |
| 5 | Terry Labonte | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet | Kellogg's Frosted Flakes, Tony the Tiger |
| 6 | Mark Martin | Roush Racing | Ford | Valvoline |
| 7 | Geoff Bodine | Mattei Motorsports | Ford | QVC |
| 8 | Hut Stricklin | Stavola Brothers Racing | Ford | Circuit City |
| 9 | Lake Speed | Melling Racing | Ford | Melling Racing |
| 10 | Ricky Rudd | Rudd Performance Motorsports | Ford | Tide |
| 11 | Brett Bodine | Brett Bodine Racing | Ford | Close Call Phone Card |
| 16 | Ted Musgrave | Roush Racing | Ford | PrimeStar, The Family Channel |
| 17 | Darrell Waltrip | Darrell Waltrip Motorsports | Chevrolet | Parts America |
| 18 | Bobby Labonte | Joe Gibbs Racing | Pontiac | Interstate Batteries |
| 19 | Gary Bradberry | TriStar Motorsports | Ford | Child Support Recovery |
| 21 | Michael Waltrip | Wood Brothers Racing | Ford | Citgo |
| 22 | Ward Burton | Bill Davis Racing | Pontiac | MBNA |
| 23 | Jimmy Spencer | Haas-Carter Motorsports | Ford | Camel Cigarettes |
| 24 | Jeff Gordon | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet | DuPont |
| 25 | Ricky Craven | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet | Budweiser |
| 27 | Rick Wilson | David Blair Motorsports | Ford | David Blair Motorsports |
| 28 | Ernie Irvan | Robert Yates Racing | Ford | Texaco, Havoline |
| 29 | Jeff Green **(R)** | Diamond Ridge Motorsports | Chevrolet | Cartoon Network, Scooby-Doo |
| 30 | Johnny Benson Jr. | Bahari Racing | Pontiac | Pennzoil |
| 31 | Mike Skinner **(R)** | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | Lowe's |
| 33 | Ken Schrader | Andy Petree Racing | Chevrolet | Skoal |
| 36 | Derrike Cope | MB2 Motorsports | Pontiac | Skittles |
| 37 | Jeremy Mayfield | Kranefuss-Haas Racing | Ford | Kmart, RC Cola |
| 40 | Greg Sacks | Team SABCO | Chevrolet | Coors Light |
| 41 | Steve Grissom | Larry Hedrick Motorsports | Chevrolet | Kodiak |
| 42 | Joe Nemechek | Team SABCO | Chevrolet | BellSouth |
| 43 | Bobby Hamilton | Petty Enterprises | Pontiac | STP |
| 44 | Kyle Petty | Petty Enterprises | Pontiac | Hot Wheels |
| 46 | Wally Dallenbach Jr. | Team SABCO | Chevrolet | First Union |
| 71 | Dave Marcis | Marcis Auto Racing | Chevrolet | Realtree |
| 75 | Rick Mast | Butch Mock Motorsports | Ford | Remington Arms |
| 77 | Morgan Shepherd | Jasper Motorsports | Ford | Jasper Engines & Transmissions, Federal-Mogul |
| 78 | Billy Standridge | Triad Motorsports | Ford | Diamond Rio, Hanes |
| 81 | Kenny Wallace | FILMAR Racing | Ford | Square D |
| 88 | Dale Jarrett | Robert Yates Racing | Ford | Quality Care Service, Ford Credit |
| 90 | Dick Trickle | Donlavey Racing | Ford | Heilig-Meyers |
| 91 | Mike Wallace | LJ Racing | Chevrolet | Spam |
| 94 | Bill Elliott | Bill Elliott Racing | Ford | McDonald's |
| 95 | Ed Berrier | Sadler Brothers Racing | Chevrolet | Feed the Children |
| 96 | David Green **(R)** | American Equipment Racing | Chevrolet | Caterpillar |
| 97 | Chad Little | Mark Rypien Motorsports | Pontiac | John Deere |
| 98 | John Andretti | Cale Yarborough Motorsports | Ford | RCA |
| 99 | Jeff Burton | Roush Racing | Ford | Exide |

## Qualifying

Qualifying was split into two rounds. The first round was held on Friday, June 13, at 3:30 PM EST. Each driver would have one lap to set a time. During the first round, the top 25 drivers in the round would be guaranteed a starting spot in the race. If a driver was not able to guarantee a spot in the first round, they had the option to scrub their time from the first round and try and run a faster lap time in a second round qualifying run, held on Saturday, June 14, at 10:45 AM EST. As with the first round, each driver would have one lap to set a time. Positions 26-38 would be decided on time, and depending on who needed it, the 39th thru either the 42nd, 43rd, or 44th position would be based on provisionals. Four spots are awarded by the use of provisionals based on owner's points. The fifth is awarded to a past champion who has not otherwise qualified for the race. If no past champion needs the provisional, the field would be limited to 42 cars. If a champion needed it, the field would expand to 43 cars. If the race was a companion race with the NASCAR Winston West Series, four spots would be determined by NASCAR Winston Cup Series provisionals, while the final two spots would be given to teams in the Winston West Series, leaving the field at 44 cars.

Dale Jarrett, driving for Robert Yates Racing, would win the pole, setting a time of 39.201 and an average speed of 183.669 miles per hour (295.587 km/h).

### Full qualifying results

| Pos. | # | Driver | Team | Make | Time | Speed |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 88 | Dale Jarrett | Robert Yates Racing | Ford | **39.201** | **183.669** |
| 2 | 42 | Joe Nemechek | Team SABCO | Chevrolet | 39.263 | 183.379 |
| 3 | 25 | Ricky Craven | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet | 39.303 | 183.192 |
| 4 | 4 | Sterling Marlin | Morgan–McClure Motorsports | Chevrolet | 39.410 | 182.695 |
| 5 | 16 | Ted Musgrave | Roush Racing | Ford | 39.474 | 182.399 |
| 6 | 46 | Wally Dallenbach Jr. | Team SABCO | Chevrolet | 39.482 | 182.362 |
| 7 | 30 | Johnny Benson Jr. | Bahari Racing | Pontiac | 39.512 | 182.223 |
| 8 | 18 | Bobby Labonte | Joe Gibbs Racing | Pontiac | 39.526 | 182.159 |
| 9 | 99 | Jeff Burton | Roush Racing | Ford | 39.547 | 182.062 |
| 10 | 23 | Jimmy Spencer | Travis Carter Enterprises | Ford | 39.580 | 181.910 |
| 11 | 6 | Mark Martin | Roush Racing | Ford | 39.611 | 181.768 |
| 12 | 24 | Jeff Gordon | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet | 39.616 | 181.745 |
| 13 | 7 | Geoff Bodine | Geoff Bodine Racing | Ford | 39.630 | 181.681 |
| 14 | 29 | Jeff Green **(R)** | Diamond Ridge Motorsports | Chevrolet | 39.647 | 181.603 |
| 15 | 37 | Jeremy Mayfield | Kranefuss-Haas Racing | Ford | 39.681 | 181.447 |
| 16 | 31 | Mike Skinner **(R)** | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 39.687 | 181.420 |
| 17 | 90 | Dick Trickle | Donlavey Racing | Ford | 39.687 | 181.420 |
| 18 | 5 | Terry Labonte | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet | 39.693 | 181.392 |
| 19 | 2 | Rusty Wallace | Penske Racing South | Ford | 39.709 | 181.319 |
| 20 | 28 | Ernie Irvan | Robert Yates Racing | Ford | 39.713 | 181.301 |
| 21 | 41 | Steve Grissom | Larry Hedrick Motorsports | Chevrolet | 39.715 | 181.292 |
| 22 | 3 | Dale Earnhardt | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 39.739 | 181.182 |
| 23 | 97 | Chad Little | Mark Rypien Motorsports | Pontiac | 39.739 | 181.182 |
| 24 | 43 | Bobby Hamilton | Petty Enterprises | Pontiac | 39.773 | 181.027 |
| 25 | 71 | Dave Marcis | Marcis Auto Racing | Chevrolet | 39.787 | 180.964 |
| 26 | 94 | Bill Elliott | Bill Elliott Racing | Ford | 39.303 | 183.192 |
| 27 | 22 | Ward Burton | Bill Davis Racing | Pontiac | 39.384 | 182.815 |
| 28 | 78 | Billy Standridge | Triad Motorsports | Ford | 39.493 | 182.311 |
| 29 | 96 | David Green **(R)** | American Equipment Racing | Chevrolet | 39.529 | 182.145 |
| 30 | 33 | Ken Schrader | Andy Petree Racing | Chevrolet | 39.538 | 182.103 |
| 31 | 27 | Rick Wilson | David Blair Motorsports | Ford | 39.559 | 182.007 |
| 32 | 1 | Jerry Nadeau | Precision Products Racing | Pontiac | 39.566 | 181.974 |
| 33 | 81 | Kenny Wallace | FILMAR Racing | Ford | 39.610 | 181.772 |
| 34 | 10 | Ricky Rudd | Rudd Performance Motorsports | Ford | 39.625 | 181.703 |
| 35 | 11 | Brett Bodine | Brett Bodine Racing | Ford | 39.702 | 181.351 |
| 36 | 9 | Lake Speed | Melling Racing | Ford | 39.710 | 181.315 |
| 37 | 8 | Hut Stricklin | Stavola Brothers Racing | Ford | 39.730 | 181.223 |
| 38 | 21 | Michael Waltrip | Wood Brothers Racing | Ford | 39.735 | 181.200 |
| Provisionals | | | | | | |
| 39 | 44 | Kyle Petty | Petty Enterprises | Pontiac | -\* | -\* |
| 40 | 98 | John Andretti | Cale Yarborough Motorsports | Ford | -\* | -\* |
| 41 | 75 | Rick Mast | Butch Mock Motorsports | Ford | -\* | -\* |
| 42 | 36 | Derrike Cope | MB2 Motorsports | Pontiac | -\* | -\* |
| Champion's Provisional | | | | | | |
| 43 | 17 | Darrell Waltrip | Darrell Waltrip Motorsports | Chevrolet | -\* | -\* |
| Failed to qualify | | | | | | |
| 44 | 91 | Mike Wallace | LJ Racing | Chevrolet | -\* | -\* |
| 45 | 77 | Morgan Shepherd | Jasper Motorsports | Ford | -\* | -\* |
| 46 | 95 | Ed Berrier | Sadler Brothers Racing | Chevrolet | -\* | -\* |
| 47 | 40 | Greg Sacks | Team SABCO | Chevrolet | -\* | -\* |
| 48 | 19 | Gary Bradberry | TriStar Motorsports | Ford | -\* | -\* |
| Official qualifying results | | | | | | |

*Time not available.

## Race results

| Fin | St | # | Driver | Team | Make | Laps | Led | Status | Pts | Winnings |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 20 | 28 | Ernie Irvan | Robert Yates Racing | Ford | 200 | 33 | running | 180 | $93,830 |
| 2 | 26 | 94 | Bill Elliott | Bill Elliott Racing | Ford | 200 | 46 | running | 175 | $73,830 |
| 3 | 11 | 6 | Mark Martin | Roush Racing | Ford | 200 | 23 | running | 170 | $48,805 |
| 4 | 5 | 16 | Ted Musgrave | Roush Racing | Ford | 200 | 68 | running | 170 | $42,200 |
| 5 | 12 | 24 | Jeff Gordon | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet | 200 | 0 | running | 155 | $47,425 |
| 6 | 1 | 88 | Dale Jarrett | Robert Yates Racing | Ford | 200 | 0 | running | 150 | $46,525 |
| 7 | 22 | 3 | Dale Earnhardt | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 200 | 0 | running | 146 | $41,375 |
| 8 | 42 | 36 | Derrike Cope | MB2 Motorsports | Pontiac | 200 | 0 | running | 142 | $33,475 |
| 9 | 8 | 18 | Bobby Labonte | Joe Gibbs Racing | Pontiac | 200 | 3 | running | 143 | $36,125 |
| 10 | 7 | 30 | Johnny Benson Jr. | Bahari Racing | Pontiac | 200 | 0 | running | 134 | $33,625 |
| 11 | 36 | 9 | Lake Speed | Melling Racing | Ford | 200 | 0 | running | 130 | $23,975 |
| 12 | 15 | 37 | Jeremy Mayfield | Kranefuss-Haas Racing | Ford | 200 | 1 | running | 132 | $23,400 |
| 13 | 34 | 10 | Ricky Rudd | Rudd Performance Motorsports | Ford | 200 | 0 | running | 124 | $33,750 |
| 14 | 9 | 99 | Jeff Burton | Roush Racing | Ford | 200 | 3 | running | 126 | $33,300 |
| 15 | 10 | 23 | Jimmy Spencer | Travis Carter Enterprises | Ford | 200 | 0 | running | 118 | $26,750 |
| 16 | 38 | 21 | Michael Waltrip | Wood Brothers Racing | Ford | 200 | 0 | running | 115 | $28,525 |
| 17 | 4 | 4 | Sterling Marlin | Morgan–McClure Motorsports | Chevrolet | 200 | 1 | running | 117 | $33,650 |
| 18 | 3 | 25 | Ricky Craven | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet | 200 | 8 | running | 114 | $33,365 |
| 19 | 35 | 11 | Brett Bodine | Brett Bodine Racing | Ford | 199 | 0 | running | 106 | $27,550 |
| 20 | 6 | 46 | Wally Dallenbach Jr. | Team SABCO | Chevrolet | 199 | 0 | running | 103 | $16,635 |
| 21 | 31 | 27 | Rick Wilson | David Blair Motorsports | Ford | 199 | 0 | running | 100 | $16,415 |
| 22 | 37 | 8 | Hut Stricklin | Stavola Brothers Racing | Ford | 199 | 0 | running | 97 | $26,900 |
| 23 | 17 | 90 | Dick Trickle | Donlavey Racing | Ford | 199 | 0 | running | 94 | $19,665 |
| 24 | 43 | 17 | Darrell Waltrip | Darrell Waltrip Motorsports | Chevrolet | 199 | 1 | running | 96 | $26,455 |
| 25 | 23 | 97 | Chad Little | Mark Rypien Motorsports | Pontiac | 198 | 0 | running | 88 | $19,220 |
| 26 | 39 | 44 | Kyle Petty | Petty Enterprises | Pontiac | 198 | 0 | running | 85 | $18,960 |
| 27 | 30 | 33 | Ken Schrader | Andy Petree Racing | Chevrolet | 198 | 0 | running | 82 | $25,800 |
| 28 | 29 | 96 | David Green **(R)** | American Equipment Racing | Chevrolet | 198 | 0 | running | 79 | $15,640 |
| 29 | 19 | 2 | Rusty Wallace | Penske Racing South | Ford | 197 | 13 | out of gas | 81 | $32,505 |
| 30 | 41 | 75 | Rick Mast | Butch Mock Motorsports | Ford | 197 | 0 | running | 73 | $25,440 |
| 31 | 14 | 29 | Jeff Green **(R)** | Diamond Ridge Motorsports | Chevrolet | 197 | 0 | running | 70 | $18,310 |
| 32 | 24 | 43 | Bobby Hamilton | Petty Enterprises | Pontiac | 197 | 0 | running | 67 | $30,240 |
| 33 | 28 | 78 | Billy Standridge | Triad Motorsports | Ford | 195 | 0 | running | 64 | $15,135 |
| 34 | 25 | 71 | Dave Marcis | Marcis Auto Racing | Chevrolet | 189 | 0 | running | 61 | $17,565 |
| 35 | 27 | 22 | Ward Burton | Bill Davis Racing | Pontiac | 188 | 0 | running | 58 | $21,995 |
| 36 | 32 | 1 | Jerry Nadeau | Precision Products Racing | Pontiac | 186 | 0 | running | 55 | $21,950 |
| 37 | 40 | 98 | John Andretti | Cale Yarborough Motorsports | Ford | 174 | 0 | running | 52 | $21,890 |
| 38 | 21 | 41 | Steve Grissom | Larry Hedrick Motorsports | Chevrolet | 162 | 0 | running | 49 | $21,780 |
| 39 | 18 | 5 | Terry Labonte | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet | 135 | 0 | handling | 46 | $37,880 |
| 40 | 13 | 7 | Geoff Bodine | Geoff Bodine Racing | Ford | 121 | 0 | engine | 43 | $21,780 |
| 41 | 2 | 42 | Joe Nemechek | Team SABCO | Chevrolet | 69 | 0 | engine | 40 | $15,780 |
| 42 | 16 | 31 | Mike Skinner **(R)** | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 8 | 0 | crash | 37 | $21,780 |
| 43 | 33 | 81 | Kenny Wallace | FILMAR Racing | Ford | 1 | 0 | engine | 34 | $21,780 |
| Failed to qualify | | | | | | | | | | |
| 44 |  | 91 | Mike Wallace | LJ Racing | Chevrolet |  | | | | |
| 45 | | | 77 | Morgan Shepherd | Jasper Motorsports | Ford |
| 46 | | | 95 | Ed Berrier | Sadler Brothers Racing | Chevrolet |
| 47 | | | 40 | Greg Sacks | Team SABCO | Chevrolet |
| 48 | | | 19 | Gary Bradberry | TriStar Motorsports | Ford |
| Official race results | | | | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

1997 Miller 400
| Race details | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Race 14 of 32 in the 1997 NASCAR Winston Cup Series | | | |
| The 1997 Miller 400 program cover, featuring Rusty Wallace. | | | |
| Date | June 15, 1997 | | |
| Official name | 29th Annual Miller 400 | | |
| Location | Brooklyn, Michigan, Michigan International Speedway | | |
| Course | Permanent racing facility<br>2 mi (3.2 km) | | |
| Distance | 200 laps, 400 mi (643.737 km) | | |
| Scheduled Distance | 200 laps, 400 mi (643.737 km) | | |
| Average speed | 153.338 miles per hour (246.774 km/h) | | |
| Pole position | | | |
| Driver |  | Robert Yates Racing |
| Time | 39.201 | | |
| Most laps led | | | |
| Driver | Ted Musgrave | Roush Racing |
| Laps | 68 | | |
| Winner | | | |
| No. 28 | Ernie Irvan | Robert Yates Racing |
| Television in the United States | | | |
| Network | CBS | | |
| Announcers | Ken Squier, Ned Jarrett, Buddy Baker | | |
| Radio in the United States | | | |
| Radio | Motor Racing Network | | |


title: Friedrich Fülleborn

abstract: Friedrich Fülleborn was a physician who specialized in tropical medicine and parasitology. He was a native of Kulm, West Prussia, which today is known as Chełmno, Poland. He studied medicine and natural sciences in Berlin, where one of his instructors was Heinrich Wilhelm Waldeyer (1835–1921). From 1896 onward, he was a military physician assigned to the Schutztruppe in German East Africa. In 1898–1900 he participated in the Nyassa- und Kingagebirgs Expedition to the southern part of the colony, where he conducted anthropological and ethnographic research. In 1901 he became director of the Department of Tropical Hygiene and Tropical Medicine at the Hamburg Institute for Marine and Tropical Diseases. In 1908 he was appointed by Georg Thilenius (1868–1937) of the Hamburg Museum of Ethnology to head the "Hamburg South Seas Expedition", a scientific mission to the South Pacific. In 1930 he succeeded Bernhard Nocht (1857–1945) as director of the Hamburg Institute for Marine and Tropical Diseases, a position he maintained until his death in 1933. During his career he took several tropical medical study trips to India, East Asia, the West Indies, etc. He is especially known for his filarian research and as an instructor of tropical medicine classes in Hamburg. While working with dogs in Hamburg, he described "autoinfection" and discovered the migratory route taken by the parasite Strongyloides stercoralis prior to ending up in the intestine. The term "Fülleborn's method" is a procedure for examining parasitic ova in faecal matter.

text:
# Friedrich Fülleborn

**Friedrich Fülleborn** (September 13, 1866 – September 9, 1933) was a physician who specialized in tropical medicine and parasitology. He was a native of Kulm, West Prussia, which today is known as Chełmno, Poland.

He studied medicine and natural sciences in Berlin, where one of his instructors was Heinrich Wilhelm Waldeyer (1835–1921). From 1896 onward, he was a military physician assigned to the Schutztruppe in German East Africa. In 1898–1900 he participated in the *Nyassa- und Kingagebirgs Expedition* to the southern part of the colony, where he conducted anthropological and ethnographic research.

In 1901 he became director of the Department of Tropical Hygiene and Tropical Medicine at the Hamburg Institute for Marine and Tropical Diseases. In 1908 he was appointed by Georg Thilenius (1868–1937) of the Hamburg Museum of Ethnology to head the "Hamburg South Seas Expedition", a scientific mission to the South Pacific. In 1930 he succeeded Bernhard Nocht (1857–1945) as director of the Hamburg Institute for Marine and Tropical Diseases, a position he maintained until his death in 1933.

During his career he took several tropical medical study trips to India, East Asia, the West Indies, etc. He is especially known for his filarian research and as an instructor of tropical medicine classes in Hamburg.

While working with dogs in Hamburg, he described "autoinfection" and discovered the migratory route taken by the parasite *Strongyloides stercoralis* prior to ending up in the intestine. The term "Fülleborn's method" is a procedure for examining parasitic ova in faecal matter.

## Legacy

Fülleborn is commemorated in the scientific name of a number of species including the chameleon *Trioceros fuelleborni*, the cichlid fish *Labeotropheus fuelleborni*, and the bird Fülleborn's longclaw *Macronyx fuelleborni*.

The Tanzanian Moth *Neocoenyra fulleborni* Thurau, 1903

## Published works

* *Das deutsche Njassa- und Ruwuma-gebiet, land und leute, nebst bemerkungen über die Schire-Länder. : Mit benutzung von ergebnissen der Njassa- und Kingagebirgs-expedition der Hermann und Elise geb. Heckmann Wentzel-stiftung* (1906)  The German Nyassa and Ruwuma region, the country and its people; along with remarks on the Shire-regions: written with the use of results from the Nyassa and Kinga Mountains expedition of the Hermann and Elise Wentzel (née Heckmann) Foundation.
* *Filariosen des Menschen* (1929)  Human filariasis.

## Sources

* This article incorporates translated text from an equivalent article at the German Wikipedia, whose sources include: Stefan Wulf: Fülleborn, Friedrich. In: Hamburgische Biography, Volume 5, Wallenstein, Göttingen 2010 ISBN 978-3-8353-0640-0, p 123-125
* Dorlands Medical Dictionary (definition of eponym)


title: 2002 Charlotte Sting season

text:
# 2002 Charlotte Sting season

The 2002 WNBA season was the sixth for the Charlotte Sting. The team advanced to the playoffs, but they were later swept in the opening round to the Washington Mystics.

## Transactions

### WNBA draft

| Round | Pick | Player | Nationality | School/Team/Country |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 7 | Sheila Lambert | United States | Baylor |
| 1 | 9 | Shaunzinski Gortman | United States | South Carolina |
| 3 | 41 | Edniesha Curry | United States | Oregon |
| 4 | 57 | Jessie Stomski | United States | Wisconsin |

### Transactions

| Date | Transaction | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| April 18, 2002 | Traded Clarisse Machanguana to the Orlando Miracle in exchange for a 2002 1st Round Pick |
| April 19, 2002 | Drafted Sheila Lambert, Shaunzinski Gortman, Edniesha Curry and Jessie Stomski in the 2002 WNBA Draft |
| | Traded Shaunzinski Gortman to the Minnesota Lynx in exchange for Erin Buescher and Maylana Martin |
| May 2, 2002 | Waived Jessie Stomski |
| May 20, 2002 | Waived Anna DeForge |
| May 24, 2002 | Waived Edniesha Curry, Maylana Martin, Rasheeda Clark and Tiffany Travis |
| May 24, 2002 | Waived Beth Cunningham |
| June 17, 2002 | Traded a 2003 3rd Round Pick to the Houston Comets in exchange for Elena Shakirova |
| | Waived Shantia Owens |

## Roster

| 2002 Charlotte Sting roster | |
| --- | --- |
| Players | Coaches |
| Pos. # Nat. Name   Height  Weight   DOB   From Yrs  20  Anderson, Keisha   5' 7" (1.7m)  125 lb (57kg)   1974-05-08   Wisconsin 2  13  Edwards, Tonya   5' 10" (1.78m)  160 lb (73kg)   1968-03-13   Tennessee 3  F/C 7  Enis, Shalonda   6' 1" (1.85m)  185 lb (84kg)   1974-12-03   Alabama 3  3  Erb, Summer   6' 6" (1.98m)  240 lb (109kg)   1977-07-25   NC State 2  21  Feaster, Allison   5' 11" (1.8m)  168 lb (76kg)   1976-02-11   Harvard 4  31  Lambert, Sheila   5' 7" (1.7m)  125 lb (57kg)   1980-07-21   Baylor R  8  Miller, Kelly   5' 10" (1.78m)  140 lb (64kg)   1978-09-06   Georgia 1  25  Owens, Shantia   6' 2" (1.88m)  175 lb (79kg)   1978-05-16   Kentucky 1  11  Buescher, Erin   6' 3" (1.91m)  181 lb (82kg)   1979-06-05   Master's 1  15  Shakirova, Elena   6' 3" (1.91m)  190 lb (86kg)   1970-06-02    2  23  Smith, Charlotte   6' 0" (1.83m)  148 lb (67kg)   1973-08-23   North Carolina 3  5  Staley, Dawn   5' 6" (1.68m)  134 lb (61kg)   1970-05-04   Virginia 3  32  Stinson, Andrea   5' 10" (1.78m)  158 lb (72kg)   1967-11-25   NC State 5  55  Sutton-Brown, Tammy   6' 4" (1.93m)  199 lb (90kg)   1978-01-27   Rutgers 1 | Head coach  Anne Donovan (Old Dominion) Assistant coaches  Cheryl Reeve
Trudi Lacey

---  Legend* **(C)** Team captain * **(FA)** Free agent * **(IN)** Inactive * **(S)** Suspended * Injured |

## Schedule

### Regular season

| 2002 game log
Total: 18–14 (Home: 11–5; Road: 7–9) |
| --- |
|
| June: 6–6 (Home: 5–0; Road: 1–6)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Record  1 June 2 Los Angeles W 94–87 (OT) Kelly Miller (23) Charlotte Smith (9) Dawn Staley (9) Charlotte Coliseum 1–0  2 June 3 Houston W 67–52 Andrea Stinson (23) Stinson
Sutton-Brown (6) Dawn Staley (7) Charlotte Coliseum 2–0  3 June 6 @ Seattle L 59–65 Tammy Sutton-Brown (11) Tammy Sutton-Brown (6) Dawn Staley (6) KeyArena 2–1  4 June 8 @ Utah L 64–69 Tammy Sutton-Brown (14) Tammy Sutton-Brown (10) Andrea Stinson (5) Delta Center 2–2  5 June 9 @ Phoenix L 77–80 Andrea Stinson (24) Andrea Stinson (8) Dawn Staley (3) America West Arena 2–3  6 June 11 @ Houston L 66–78 Tammy Sutton-Brown (18) Stinson
Sutton-Brown (7) Dawn Staley (7) Compaq Center 2–4  7 June 13 Indiana W 75–64 Andrea Stinson (15) Erin Buescher (6) Charlotte Smith (5) Charlotte Coliseum 3–4  8 June 16 @ New York L 53–54 Tammy Sutton-Brown (14) Andrea Stinson (11) Dawn Staley (6) Madison Square Garden 3–5  9 June 19 Washington W 78–64 Andrea Stinson (27) Andrea Stinson (10) Dawn Staley (7) Charlotte Coliseum 4–5  10 June 22 Miami W 76–63 Allison Feaster (23) Tammy Sutton-Brown (9) Andrea Stinson (6) Charlotte Coliseum 5–5  11 June 26 @ Detroit W 80–73 Andrea Stinson (22) Andrea Stinson (8) Dawn Staley (10) The Palace of Auburn Hills 6–5  12 June 30 @ Washington L 55–56 Andrea Stinson (14) Allison Feaster (8) Allison Feaster (4) MCI Center 6–6 |
| July : 8–5 (Home: 5–4; Road: 3–1)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Record  13 July 1 Phoenix W 90–68 Tonya Edwards (14) Erin Buescher (11) Miller
Stinson (5) Charlotte Coliseum 7–6  14 July 3 Portland L 73–76 Allison Feaster (17) Tammy Sutton-Brown (10) Charlotte Smith (6) Charlotte Coliseum 7–7  15 July 5 @ Miami W 72–68 Andrea Stinson (18) Tammy Sutton-Brown (9) Dawn Staley (6) American Airlines Arena 8–7  16 July 6 Cleveland W 78–67 Allison Feaster (24) Tammy Sutton-Brown (8) Dawn Staley (7) Charlotte Coliseum 9–7  17 July 9 Miami L 55–66 Dawn Staley (13) Andrea Stinson (8) Feaster
Smith
Staley (2) Charlotte Coliseum 9–8  18 July 12 @ Orlando W 72–67 Allison Feaster (19) Kelly Miller (7) Dawn Staley (4) TD Waterhouse Centre 10–8  19 July 13 Minnesota W 63–60 Tammy Sutton-Brown (13) Tammy Sutton-Brown (7) Miller
Staley
Stinson (4) Charlotte Coliseum 11–8  20 July 17 Orlando W 89–62 Tammy Sutton-Brown (22) Tammy Sutton-Brown (6) Staley
Stinson (8) Charlotte Coliseum 12–8  21 July 19 Sacramento W 70–51 Kelly Miller (16) Andrea Stinson (6) Dawn Staley (6) Charlotte Coliseum 13–8  22 July 22 @ Indiana L 72–73 Dawn Staley (14) Stinson
Sutton-Brown (6) Allison Feaster (6) Conseco Fieldhouse 13–9  23 July 24 @ Cleveland W 73–66 (OT) Andrea Stinson (17) Andrea Stinson (12) Dawn Staley (5) Gund Arena 14–9  24 July 25 Cleveland L 73–83 Andrea Stinson (14) Andrea Stinson (6) Dawn Staley (4) Charlotte Coliseum 14–10  25 July 27 Detroit L 66–74 Andrea Stinson (17) Andrea Stinson (5) Staley
Stinson (4) Charlotte Coliseum 14–11 |
| August : 4–3 (Home: 1–1; Road: 3–2)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Record  26 August 1 @ Orlando L 63–65 Allison Feaster (14) Allison Feaster (6) Dawn Staley (8) TD Waterhouse Centre 14–12  27 August 3 @ Indiana L 48–69 Feaster
Staley (8) Tammy Sutton-Brown (5) Edwards
Staley (2) Conseco Fieldhouse 14–13  28 August 4 New York L 58–71 Andrea Stinson (16) Charlotte Smith (7) Allison Feaster (4) Charlotte Coliseum 14–14  29 August 6 @ Detroit W 76–65 Tammy Sutton-Brown (19) Tammy Sutton-Brown (9) Dawn Staley (6) The Palace of Auburn Hills 15–14  30 August 9 @ Minnesota W 68–62 Kelly Miller (15) Allison Feaster (5) Dawn Staley (6) Target Center 16–14  31 August 11 @ New York W 71–58 Allison Feaster (18) Erb
Stinson (7) Dawn Staley (6) Madison Square Garden 17–14  32 August 13 Washington W 67–57 Allison Feaster (20) Stinson
Sutton-Brown (7) Dawn Staley (5) Charlotte Coliseum 18–14 |
| 2002 season schedule | |

### Playoffs

| 2002 playoff game log |
| --- |
|
| First round vs. Washington Mystics
Lost Series: 0–2    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Record  1 August 15 @ Washington L 62–74 Andrea Stinson (16) Smith
Stinson
Sutton-Brown (5) Dawn Staley (5) MCI Center 0–1  2 August 17 Washington L 59–62 Andrea Stinson (14) Allison Feaster (12) Staley
Stinson (6) Charlotte Coliseum 0–2 |
| 2002 playoff schedule | |

### Season standings

| Eastern Conference | W | L | PCT | Conf. | GB |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| New York Liberty x | 18 | 14 | .563 | 11–10 |  |
| Charlotte Sting x | 18 | 14 | .563 | 12–9 |  |
| Washington Mystics x | 17 | 15 | .531 | 12–9 | 1.0 |
| Indiana Fever x | 16 | 16 | .500 | 12–9 | 2.0 |
| Orlando Miracle o | 16 | 16 | .500 | 13–8 | 2.0 |
| Miami Sol o | 15 | 17 | .469 | 11–10 | 3.0 |
| Cleveland Rockers o | 10 | 22 | .312 | 7–14 | 8.0 |
| Detroit Shock o | 9 | 23 | .281 | 6–15 | 9.0 |

## Statistics

| Legend | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| GP | Games played | GS | Games started | MPG | Minutes per game | RPG | Rebounds per game |
| APG | Assists per game | SPG | Steals per game | BPG | Blocks per game | PPG | Points per game |
| FG% | Field-goal percentage | 3P% | 3-point field-goal percentage | FT% | Free-throw percentage | TO | Turnovers per game |
| PF | Fouls per game |  | Team leader |  | League leader |

### Regular Season

| Player | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Dawn Staley | 32 | 32 | 33.2 | .366 | .398 | .762 | 1.8 | 5.1 | 1.5 | 0.0 | 8.8 |
| Allison Feaster | 32 | 32 | 29.9 | .394 | .418 | .824 | 3.7 | 1.9 | 1.2 | 0.4 | 11.8 |
| Andrea Stinson | 32 | 32 | 29.7 | .456 | .414 | .688 | 5.5 | 2.8 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 12.8 |
| Charlotte Smith | 32 | 32 | 27.8 | .410 | .374 | .741 | 3.8 | 1.7 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 8.0 |
| Tammy Sutton-Brown | 32 | 29 | 27.7 | .529 | N/A | .713 | 6.0 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 11.9 |
| Kelly Miller | 32 | 0 | 17.3 | .446 | .471 | .763 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 6.6 |
| Shalonda Enis | 4 | 0 | 14.8 | .278 | .000 | 1.000 | 2.3 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 4.8 |
| Erin Buescher | 29 | 0 | 13.5 | .402 | .364 | .694 | 3.1 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 3.3 |
| Summer Erb | 31 | 3 | 11.0 | .565 | N/A | .720 | 2.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 2.8 |
| Tonya Edwards | 29 | 0 | 10.4 | .364 | .280 | .717 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 3.9 |
| Sheila Lambert | 3 | 0 | 5.3 | .333 | N/A | N/A | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.7 |
| Elena Shakirova | 1 | 0 | 5.0 | N/A | N/A | .500 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 |
| Keisha Anderson | 7 | 0 | 4.4 | .250 | .250 | N/A | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 |
| Shantia Owens | 2 | 0 | 3.0 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
|

Waived/Released during the season
Traded during the season
Acquired during the season

## InfoBox

| 2002 Charlotte Sting season | |
| --- | --- |
| Coach | Anne Donovan |
| Arena | Charlotte Coliseum |
| Attendance | 6,667 per game |
| Results | |
| Record | 1814 (.563) |
| Place | 2nd (Eastern) |
| Playoff finish | Lost First Round (2-0) to Washington Mystics |
| Team Leaders | |
| Points | Andrea Stinson (12.8) |
| Rebounds | Tammy Sutton-Brown (6.0) |
| Assists | Dawn Staley (5.1) |
| 2001 season 2003 season | |


title: Aventin

abstract: Saint Aventin was a Frankish saint and hermit of the 8th century.

text:
# Aventin

**Saint Aventin** was a Frankish saint and hermit of the 8th century.

## Life

Born near Bagnères-de-Luchon in the Pyrenees, Aventin became a hermit in the valley of Larboust.

## Legends

A legend says that he performed many miracles. In one story, he was taken prisoner by Saracen invaders and he was locked in the Tower of Castel-Blancat, Saccourvielle. To escape he leapt from the top of the Tower, crossed the entire Valley and fell back without harm on the other side, printing his footprint in a stone. This stone is still visible on the threshold of the chapel built at this location.

In another, Aventin was beheaded but picked up his head and walked to the place where would be his tomb. Centuries later, this location was revealed to a shepherd who put the remains of Aventine on a sledge drawn by cows, which stopped at the place where now the village of Saint-Aventin stands.

After his death there occurred an outbreak of plague ravaging the region. The local population appealed to the protection of Saint Aventin and the scourge disappeared.

## Veneration

The cult of saint Aventin is found in the Val d'Aran and Aragon. On his birthday, 13 June, there was a pilgrimage to his village. The Revolution saw the end of this tradition.


title: 1997 New England Patriots season

abstract: The 1997 New England Patriots season was the franchise's 28th season in the National Football League (NFL) and the 38th overall. They finished the season with a 10–6 record and a division title but lost in the playoffs to the Pittsburgh Steelers. In January, when the Patriots were preparing to face the Green Bay Packers in Super Bowl XXXI, it was suspected head coach Bill Parcells was looking to move to another team after the game where he would have more say over personnel matters. In the 1996 NFL draft, Parcells' relationship with owner Robert Kraft soured when Kraft selected wide receiver Terry Glenn. After the Patriots' loss in Super Bowl XXXI, Parcells resigned from the Patriots, using the phrase "If they want you to cook the dinner, at least they ought to let you shop for some of the groceries." Due to an earlier renegotiation that had eliminated the 1997 season from Parcells' contract, NFL Commissioner Paul Tagliabue ruled Parcells could not be a head coach for another team in 1997. Parcells instead moved to the New York Jets as a "consultant", taking assistant head coach Bill Belichick with him to be the Jets' head coach; Kraft called this a "transparent farce" and accused the Jets of tampering with Parcells. The NFL ruled in the Patriots' favor and the Patriots received third and fourth-round picks in the 1997 NFL draft, a second-round pick in the 1998 NFL draft, and a first-round pick in the 1999 NFL draft in compensation for allowing Parcells to become the Jets' head coach. Taking Parcells' place with the Patriots was Pete Carroll, who had coincidentally been the Jets' head coach in 1994. The Patriots began the season 5–1 but later stumbled to a 6–5 record later in the season. The Patriots managed to finish 10–6 and first in the AFC East for the second straight season. With the third seed in the AFC playoffs, the Patriots defeated the Miami Dolphins 17–3 in the Wild Card Game but were defeated by the Pittsburgh Steelers, 7–6, on the road the next week.

text:
# 1997 New England Patriots season

The **1997 New England Patriots season** was the franchise's 28th season in the National Football League (NFL) and the 38th overall. They finished the season with a 10–6 record and a division title but lost in the playoffs to the Pittsburgh Steelers.

In January, when the Patriots were preparing to face the Green Bay Packers in Super Bowl XXXI, it was suspected head coach Bill Parcells was looking to move to another team after the game where he would have more say over personnel matters. In the 1996 NFL draft, Parcells' relationship with owner Robert Kraft soured when Kraft selected wide receiver Terry Glenn. After the Patriots' loss in Super Bowl XXXI, Parcells resigned from the Patriots, using the phrase "If they want you to cook the dinner, at least they ought to let you shop for some of the groceries." Due to an earlier renegotiation that had eliminated the 1997 season from Parcells' contract, NFL Commissioner Paul Tagliabue ruled Parcells could not be a head coach for another team in 1997. Parcells instead moved to the New York Jets as a "consultant", taking assistant head coach Bill Belichick with him to be the Jets' head coach; Kraft called this a "transparent farce" and accused the Jets of tampering with Parcells. The NFL ruled in the Patriots' favor and the Patriots received third and fourth-round picks in the 1997 NFL draft, a second-round pick in the 1998 NFL draft, and a first-round pick in the 1999 NFL draft in compensation for allowing Parcells to become the Jets' head coach.

Taking Parcells' place with the Patriots was Pete Carroll, who had coincidentally been the Jets' head coach in 1994. The Patriots began the season 5–1 but later stumbled to a 6–5 record later in the season. The Patriots managed to finish 10–6 and first in the AFC East for the second straight season. With the third seed in the AFC playoffs, the Patriots defeated the Miami Dolphins 17–3 in the Wild Card Game but were defeated by the Pittsburgh Steelers, 7–6, on the road the next week.

## 1997 NFL draft

1997 New England Patriots Draft Selections
| Round | Overall | Player | Position | College |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 29 | Chris Canty | Cornerback | Kansas State |
| 2 | 59 | Brandon Mitchell | Defensive tackle | Texas A&M |
| 3 | 61 | Sedrick Shaw | Running back | Iowa |
| 3 | 89 | Chris Carter | Safety | Texas |
| 4 | 97 | Damon Denson | Offensive guard | Michigan |
| 4 | 125 | Ed Ellis | Offensive tackle | Buffalo |
| 5 | 159 | Vernon Crawford | Linebacker | Florida State |
| 6 | 192 | Tony Gaiter | Wide receiver | Miami (FL) |
| 7 | 230 | Scott Rehberg | Offensive guard | Central Michigan |
|

## Staff

| **1997 New England Patriots staff** | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Front office** **Head coaches**
**Offensive coaches** |  |  | **Defensive coaches**
**Special teams coaches**
**Strength and conditioning** |

## Schedule

| Week | Date | Opponent | Result | Record | Venue | Attendance |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | August 31 | San Diego Chargers | **W** 41–7 | 1–0 | Foxboro Stadium | 60,190 |
| 2 | September 7 | at **Indianapolis Colts** | **W** 31–6 | 2–0 | RCA Dome | 53,632 |
| 3 | September 14 | **New York Jets** | **W** 27–24 (OT) | 3–0 | Foxboro Stadium | 60,072 |
| 4 | September 21 | Chicago Bears | **W** 31–3 | 4–0 | Foxboro Stadium | 59,873 |
| 5 | *Bye* | | | | | |
| 6 | October 6 | at Denver Broncos | **L** 13–34 | 4–1 | Mile High Stadium | 75,821 |
| 7 | October 12 | **Buffalo Bills** | **W** 33–6 | 5–1 | Foxboro Stadium | 59,802 |
| 8 | October 19 | at **New York Jets** | **L** 19–24 | 5–2 | Giants Stadium | 71,061 |
| 9 | October 27 | Green Bay Packers | **L** 10–28 | 5–3 | Foxboro Stadium | 59,972 |
| 10 | November 2 | at Minnesota Vikings | **L** 18–23 | 5–4 | Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome | 62,917 |
| 11 | November 9 | at **Buffalo Bills** | **W** 31–10 | 6–4 | Rich Stadium | 65,783 |
| 12 | November 16 | at Tampa Bay Buccaneers | **L** 7–27 | 6–5 | Houlihan's Stadium | 70,479 |
| 13 | November 23 | **Miami Dolphins** | **W** 27–24 | 7–5 | Foxboro Stadium | 59,002 |
| 14 | November 30 | **Indianapolis Colts** | **W** 20–17 | 8–5 | Foxboro Stadium | 58,507 |
| 15 | December 7 | at Jacksonville Jaguars | **W** 26–20 | 9–5 | Jacksonville Municipal Stadium | 73,446 |
| 16 | December 13 | Pittsburgh Steelers | **L** 21–24 (OT) | 9–6 | Foxboro Stadium | 60,013 |
| 17 | December 22 | at **Miami Dolphins** | **W** 14–12 | 10–6 | Joe Robbie Stadium | 74,379 |
| **Note:** Intra-division opponents are in **bold** text. | | | | | | | |

## Postseason

### Schedule

| Round | Date | Opponent (Seed) | Result | Record | Venue | Attendance |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Wild Card | December 28 | Miami Dolphins (6) | **W** 17–3 | 1–0 | Foxboro Stadium | 60,041 |
| Divisional | January 3 | at Pittsburgh Steelers (2) | **L** 6–7 | 1–1 | Three Rivers Stadium | 61,228 |

## Standings

| AFC East | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | W | L | T | PCT | PF | PA | STK |
| (3) New England Patriots | 10 | 6 | 0 | .625 | 369 | 289 | W1 |
| (6) Miami Dolphins | 9 | 7 | 0 | .563 | 339 | 327 | L2 |
| New York Jets | 9 | 7 | 0 | .563 | 348 | 287 | L1 |
| Buffalo Bills | 6 | 10 | 0 | .375 | 255 | 367 | L3 |
| Indianapolis Colts | 3 | 13 | 0 | .188 | 313 | 401 | L1 |

## Notable games

The Pete Carroll era of the Patriots started with a bang as Drew Bledsoe threw for 340 yards and four touchdowns in a 41–7 runaway. Stan Humphries managed a touchdown throw but was pulled in the fourth quarter for Jim Everett; Everett was intercepted and Willie Clay ran back a 53-yard touchdown.

The first game against former Patriots coach Bill Parcells came on *Sunday Night Football* with the Patriots 2–0 and the Jets 1–1. The game became a grinder in which the lead tied or changed seven times. Drew Bledsoe threw touchdowns to Ben Coates and Lovett Purnell but threw two picks (one returned by Mo Lewis for a touchdown) and was limited to just 162 passing yards. His Jets counterpart Neil O'Donnell ran in one touchdown and threw another to Keyshawn Johnson that tied the game in the fourth, but was sacked seven times; the Jets also coughed up three fumbles. Curtis Martin's running game erupted to 199 yards and a touchdown, but the Patriots faced Jets kicker John Hall in the final sixteen seconds with the game tied at 24. Hall's field goal try was blocked and in overtime the Patriots drove down field and Adam Vinatieri nailed a 34-yard field goal for the 27–24 Patriots win.

The first game between the last two unbeaten NFL teams since 1973 after the Buccaneers lost on Sunday, the Broncos won for the tenth straight time over the Patriots, 34–13. Despite throwing two interceptions and being limited to just 192 passing yards, John Elway ran in a touchdown and Terrell Davis rushed for 171 yards and two scores.

The 5–1 Patriots fell to Parcells' Jets 24–19 as the Jets outscored the Patriots 21–14 in the second half. Neil O'Donnell was flagged for intentional grounding in the endzone for a Patriots safety, then was pulled for Glenn Foley; Foley threw for 200 yards and a touchdown.

## Final roster

| New England Patriots 1997 final roster | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Quarterbacks** **Running backs**
**Wide receivers**
**Tight ends** |  | **Offensive linemen** **Defensive linemen** |  | **Linebackers** **Defensive backs**
**Special teams** |  | **Reserve lists**
**Practice squad**
53 active, 3 inactive, 5 practice squad

**Notations** |

1. Allen, Bruce (August 14, 2013). "The Exaggerated Myth of Bill Parcells in New England". *Boston Sports Media Watch*. Retrieved February 15, 2024.
2. Vecsey, George (February 1, 1997). "Parcells Seeking New Kitchen". *The New York Times*. Retrieved June 17, 2009.
3. Wilner, Barry (December 2000). "Take That!". *Football Digest*. Retrieved December 16, 2007.
4. Patriots.com summary Archived May 19, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
5. "Last Undefeated NFL Teams in Each Season". Archived from the original on January 17, 2013. Retrieved December 26, 2012.

## InfoBox

| 1997 New England Patriots season | |
| --- | --- |
| Owner | Robert Kraft |
| Head coach | Pete Carroll |
| Home field | Foxboro Stadium |
| Results | |
| Record | 10–6 |
| Division place | 1st AFC East |
| Playoff finish | **Won Wild Card Playoffs**
(vs. Dolphins) 17–3
Lost Divisional Playoffs
(at Steelers) 6–7 |
| Pro Bowlers | T Bruce Armstrong
QB Drew Bledsoe
TE Ben Coates
LB Chris Slade
ST Larry Whigham |
| AP All-Pros | LB Chris Slade *(2nd team)* |
|


title: Finnish Buddhist Union

abstract:
Finnish Buddhist Union, commonly abbreviated SBU, is an umbrella organisation for different Buddhist associations in Finland and is thus not affiliated to any particular school of Buddhism. In total there're around 40 different Buddhist organisations in the country although some of them are not officially registered. The aims of SBU are among other things to represent Buddhist associations in Finland on both national and international level, to make practicing Buddhism easier in Finland, to increase awareness of the religion and participate the public discussion about different world views. The current chairperson of the organisation is Irma Rinne. The union was founded on 9 May 2009 and its located in Helsinki though it functions throughout the country. Its first chairperson was Juhani Hakala. The founding members include the following associations:
  - Bodhidharma
  - Buddhalainen Dharmakeskus
  - Finnish-Thai Buddhist Association
  - Helsinki Zen Center
  - Länsimaisen buddhalaisen veljeskunnan ystävät FWBO
  - Suomen Vietnamilaisten Buddhalaisten Yhdyskunta As of January 2021 the union has 12 member organisations: The membership is open to a registered Finnish association, congregation or foundation that has been active for at least three years and accepts the core beliefs of the religion. SBU is a member of the European Buddhist Union. The Finnish National Agency for Education has approved Buddhism as a religion to be taught on a high school level with its own curriculum. The curriculum was written by SBU and then revised by the agency in 2016.

text:
# Finnish Buddhist Union

**Finnish Buddhist Union** (Finnish *Suomen Buddhalainen Unioni ry*), commonly abbreviated **SBU**, is an umbrella organisation for different Buddhist associations in Finland and is thus not affiliated to any particular school of Buddhism. In total there're around 40 different Buddhist organisations in the country although some of them are not officially registered. The aims of SBU are among other things to represent Buddhist associations in Finland on both national and international level, to make practicing Buddhism easier in Finland, to increase awareness of the religion and participate the public discussion about different world views.

The current chairperson of the organisation is Irma Rinne.

The union was founded on 9 May 2009 and its located in Helsinki though it functions throughout the country. Its first chairperson was Juhani Hakala. The founding members include the following associations:

* Bodhidharma
* Buddhalainen Dharmakeskus
* Finnish-Thai Buddhist Association
* Helsinki Zen Center
* Länsimaisen buddhalaisen veljeskunnan ystävät FWBO
* Suomen Vietnamilaisten Buddhalaisten Yhdyskunta

As of January 2021 the union has 12 member organisations:

| Association | School | Locality |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Tavallinen Mieli Zendo ry | Zen | Helsinki, Tampere, Jyväskylä |
| Bodhidharma ry |  | Helsinki |
| Buddhalainen Dharmakeskus | Vajrayana | Helsinki, Loimaa |
| Buddhalainen yhteisö Triratna ry | Independent | Helsinki, Tampere |
| Danakosha Ling | Tibetan Buddhism | Helsinki, Jokioinen |
| Finnish-Thai Buddhist Association ry | Theravada | Nurmijärvi |
| Helsinki Zen Center | Zen | Helsinki |
| Nirodha ry | Theravada | Hämeenlinna, Joensuu, Jyväskylä, Lahti, Tampere, Turku |
| Soka Gakkai International Suomi | Mahayana | Rovaniemi, Oulu, Kuopio, Vaasa, Joensuu, Jyväskylä, Pori, Tampere, Lahti, Turku, Ingå, Pääkaupunkiseutu |
| Suomen vietnamilaisten buddhalaisten yhdyskunta | Mahayana | Turku |
| Suomen Vietnamilaisten Buddhalaisuus Yhdyskunta (Phúc Lâm) | Mahayana | Vantaa |
| Tampere Zen ry | Zen | Tampere |

The membership is open to a registered Finnish association, congregation or foundation that has been active for at least three years and accepts the core beliefs of the religion. SBU is a member of the European Buddhist Union.

The Finnish National Agency for Education has approved Buddhism as a religion to be taught on a high school level with its own curriculum. The curriculum was written by SBU and then revised by the agency in 2016.

## InfoBox

Finnish Buddhist Union
| ***Suomen Buddhalainen Unioni ry*** (fi)<br>***Buddhistiska Unionen i Finland rf*** (sv) | |
| --- | --- |
| Abbreviation | SBU |
| Formation | 2009 |
| Type | NGO |
| Legal status | registered organisation |
| Purpose | Buddhist umbrella organisation |
| Official language | Finnish |
| Chairperson | Irma Rinne |
| Website | http://www.sbu.fi |