title: Asprise OCR

abstract: Asprise OCR is a commercial optical character recognition and barcode recognition SDK library that provides an API to recognize text as well as barcodes from images and output in formats like plain text, XML and searchable PDF. Asprise OCR has been in active development since 1997. Version 2.1 of the software has been reviewed by PC World. Many researchers have used Asprise OCR along with ABBYY FineReader to benchmark OCR performance. Paweł Łupkowski and Mariusz Urbanski from Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań uses Asprise OCR version 4 and ABBYY FineReader to perform CAPTCHA recognition. Shuai Yuan from Cornell University implemented an image-based room schedule retrieval system using Asprise OCR. Seongwook Youn from University of Southern California found "By running a sample of 200 image e-mails, we determined that Asprise OCR was performing with an accuracy of 95%. It had the best detection rate among the approaches we analyzed; hence we decided to go with Asprise OCR for our research.". Adil Farooq from the University of Engineering and Technology in Taxila implemented a speech-based interface system for visually-impaired persons. Hsieh analyzes the workflow of Asprise OCR engine and applies it to detect scoreboard for baseball videos. Chaisri discusses how Asprise OCR can be used for imaging analysis of fax documents in IT Convergence and Services: ITCS & IRoA 2011. Petra demonstrates how to perform feature selection for anti-spam using Asprise OCR. The following languages are supported by Asprise version 5: Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Malay, Maltese, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish or Turkish. MRZ and MICR are supported. The latest version of Asprise OCR SDK is v15. In 2020, Asprise OCR offers a cloud-based real-time instant receipt OCR API.

text:
# Asprise OCR

**Asprise OCR** is a commercial optical character recognition and barcode recognition SDK library that provides an API to recognize text as well as barcodes from images (in formats like JPEG, PNG, TIFF, PDF, etc.) and output in formats like plain text, XML and searchable PDF.

Asprise OCR has been in active development since 1997. Version 2.1 of the software has been reviewed by *PC World*.

Many researchers have used Asprise OCR along with ABBYY FineReader to benchmark OCR performance. Paweł Łupkowski and Mariusz Urbanski from Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań uses Asprise OCR version 4 and ABBYY FineReader to perform CAPTCHA recognition. Shuai Yuan from Cornell University implemented an image-based room schedule retrieval system using Asprise OCR. Seongwook Youn from University of Southern California found "By running a sample of 200 image e-mails, we determined that Asprise OCR was performing with an accuracy of 95%. It had the best detection rate among the approaches we analyzed; hence we decided to go with Asprise OCR for our research.". Adil Farooq from the University of Engineering and Technology in Taxila implemented a speech-based interface system for visually-impaired persons.

Hsieh analyzes the workflow of Asprise OCR engine and applies it to detect scoreboard for baseball videos. Chaisri discusses how Asprise OCR can be used for imaging analysis of fax documents in IT Convergence and Services: ITCS & IRoA 2011. Petra demonstrates how to perform feature selection for anti-spam using Asprise OCR.

The following languages are supported by Asprise version 5: Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Malay, Maltese, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish or Turkish. MRZ and MICR are supported.

The latest version of Asprise OCR SDK is v15.

In 2020, Asprise OCR offers a cloud-based real-time instant receipt OCR API.

## InfoBox

Asprise OCR SDK for Java, C# VB.NET, Python, C/C++ and Delphi
|
|  |
| Developer(s) | Asprise |
| Initial release | 1998 (1998) |
|  | |
| Stable release | 15 |
|  | |
| Written in | Java, C#, VB.NET, , C++, Objective-C, Delphi, Python |
| Operating system | Windows XP, , , 10; Linux; Mac OS X; Solaris; AIX |
| Type | OCR |
| License | proprietary, commercial |
| Website | asprise.com |


title: 2007 Senegalese Senate election

abstract: Indirect Senate elections were held in Senegal on 19 August 2007. Over 13,000 MPs, local and municipal councillors were eligible to vote in this election, in which 35 of the Senate's 100 members were chosen across the country's 35 districts; President Abdoulaye Wade nominated the other 65 members. Unlike other elections held in Senegal since 2000, the Senegalese Democratic Party (PDS) of President Wade did not take part in the election as part of the Sopi Coalition, but instead ran independently. The PDS received 8,177 of the 9,624 valid votes, a majority of 85%, and won all but one of the seats. Turnout was 73.3%, with 9,815 of the eligible 13,384 voters participating; 191 of the votes were deemed invalid. The single seat not won by the PDS was the seat from Vélingara Department; it was won by And-Jëf/African Party for Democracy and Socialism (AJ/PADS). AJ/PADS received 736 total votes, the second highest number. Five other groups participated but did not win seats: the Union of Democratic Forces (UFD) received 251 votes, the Authentic Socialist Party (PSA) won 134 votes, the Bloc of Gaïndé Centrists (BCG) won 44 votes, Taaru Sénégal–Taaru Afrik/Movement for Self-Management Socialism (TS–TA/MSA) won 40 votes, and the Bloc for the Reinforcement of Democracy in Senegal (BRDS) won 7 votes. Most of the main opposition parties boycotted the senatorial election, as they did the June 2007 National Assembly election. The results were confirmed by the Constitutional Council on August 28, 2007, and the Senate was installed on September 26. Former National Assembly President Pape Diop, one of the appointed Senators, was elected President of the Senate on October 3, receiving the votes of 99 of the 100 Senators.

text:
# 2007 Senegalese Senate election

Indirect **Senate elections** were held in Senegal on 19 August 2007. Over 13,000 MPs, local and municipal councillors were eligible to vote in this election, in which 35 of the Senate's 100 members were chosen across the country's 35 districts; President Abdoulaye Wade nominated the other 65 members.

Unlike other elections held in Senegal since 2000, the Senegalese Democratic Party (PDS) of President Wade did not take part in the election as part of the Sopi Coalition, but instead ran independently. The PDS received 8,177 of the 9,624 valid votes, a majority of 85%, and won all but one of the seats. Turnout was 73.3%, with 9,815 of the eligible 13,384 voters participating; 191 of the votes were deemed invalid. The single seat not won by the PDS was the seat from Vélingara Department; it was won by And-Jëf/African Party for Democracy and Socialism (AJ/PADS). AJ/PADS received 736 total votes, the second highest number. Five other groups participated but did not win seats: the Union of Democratic Forces (UFD) received 251 votes, the Authentic Socialist Party (PSA) won 134 votes, the Bloc of Gaïndé Centrists (BCG) won 44 votes, Taaru Sénégal–Taaru Afrik/Movement for Self-Management Socialism (TS–TA/MSA) won 40 votes, and the Bloc for the Reinforcement of Democracy in Senegal (BRDS) won 7 votes. Most of the main opposition parties boycotted the senatorial election, as they did the June 2007 National Assembly election.

The results were confirmed by the Constitutional Council on August 28, 2007, and the Senate was installed on September 26. Former National Assembly President Pape Diop, one of the appointed Senators, was elected President of the Senate on October 3, receiving the votes of 99 of the 100 Senators.

## Results

| Party | | Votes | % | Seats |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Senegalese Democratic Party | 8,177 | 86.17 | 34 |
|  | And-Jëf/African Party for Democracy and Socialism | 736 | 7.76 | 1 |
|  | Union of Democratic Forces | 251 | 2.65 | 0 |
|  | Authentic Socialist Party | 234 | 2.47 | 0 |
|  | Bloc of Gaïndé Centrists | 44 | 0.46 | 0 |
|  | Taaru Sénégal–Taaru Afrik/Movement for Self-Management Socialism | 40 | 0.42 | 0 |
|  | Bloc for the Reinforcement of Democracy in Senegal | 7 | 0.07 | 0 |
| Total | | 9,489 | 100.00 | 35 |
|  | | | | |
| Valid votes | | 9,489 | 96.68 |  |
| Invalid/blank votes | | 326 | 3.32 |  |
| Total votes | | 9,815 | 100.00 |  |
| Registered voters/turnout | | 13,384 | 73.33 |  |
| Source: African Elections Database | | | | |

## InfoBox

2007 Senegalese Senate election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| ---  All 35 seats in the Senate<br>18 seats needed for a majority | |
| Majority party Minority party   Leader Abdoulaye Wade Landing Savané  Party PDS And-Jëf  Seats won **34** 1  Popular vote **8,177** 736  Percentage **86.17%** 7.76% | |


title: 2005 in aviation

text:
# 2005 in aviation

This is a list of aviation-related events from 2005.

## Events

* The Dutch Transport Safety Board merges with Dutch military accident investigation authorities to for the Dutch Safety Board, which takes over the responsibility for aviation accident investigations in the Netherlands.
* The flight operations of Lauda Air, a wholly owned subsidiary of Austrian Airlines, merge with those of Austrian Airlines. The brand "Lauda Air" survives for charter flights operated by the Austrian Airlines Group.

### January

### February

### March

### April

### May

### June

### July

### August

### September

### October

### November

### December

## First flights

### February

### April

### May

### June

### July

### September

### November

### December

## Entered service

## Deadliest crash

The deadliest crash of this year was West Caribbean Airways Flight 708, a McDonnell Douglas MD-80 which crashed near Machiques, Venezuela on 16 August, killing all 160 people on board. This particular accident took place in August 2005, which is one of the deadliest months in aviation to date, in which 351 people were killed in six major accidents.

## Retirements

* Jackson, Paul, ed. (2006). *Jane's All the World's Aircraft 2006–2007*. Coulsdon, Surrey, UK: Jane's Information Group. ISBN 978-0-7106-2745-2.

## InfoBox

| **Years in aviation:** | 2002 2003 2004 **2005** 2006 2007 2008 |
| --- | --- |
| **Centuries:** | 20th century · **21st century** · 22nd century |
| **Decades:** | 1970s 1980s 1990s **2000s** 2010s 2020s 2030s |
| **Years:** | 2002 2003 2004 **2005** 2006 2007 2008 |


abstract: The 2006 Brands Hatch Superbike World Championship round was the eighth round of the 2006 Superbike World Championship. It took place on the weekend of 4–6 August 2006 at the Brands Hatch circuit.

text:
# 2006 Brands Hatch Superbike World Championship round

The **2006 Brands Hatch Superbike World Championship round** was the eighth round of the 2006 Superbike World Championship. It took place on the weekend of 4–6 August 2006 at the Brands Hatch circuit.

## Results

### Superbike race 1 classification

| Pos | No | Rider | Bike | Laps | Time | Grid | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 21 | Troy Bayliss | Ducati 999 F06 | 25 | 36:26.855 | 1 | **25** |
| 2 | 52 | James Toseland | Honda CBR1000RR | 25 | +1.657 | 4 | **20** |
| 3 | 41 | Noriyuki Haga | Yamaha YZF R1 | 25 | +2.248 | 2 | **16** |
| 4 | 88 | Andrew Pitt | Yamaha YZF R1 | 25 | +2.860 | 6 | **13** |
| 5 | 71 | Yukio Kagayama | Suzuki GSX-R1000 K6 | 25 | +9.666 | 9 | **11** |
| 6 | 1 | Troy Corser | Suzuki GSX-R1000 K6 | 25 | +16.731 | 5 | **10** |
| 7 | 9 | Chris Walker | Kawasaki ZX 10R | 25 | +16.892 | 8 | **9** |
| 8 | 4 | Alex Barros | Honda CBR1000RR | 25 | +20.707 | 18 | **8** |
| 9 | 55 | Régis Laconi | Kawasaki ZX 10R | 25 | +25.196 | 7 | **7** |
| 10 | 11 | Rubén Xaus | Ducati 999 F05 | 25 | +25.338 | 13 | **6** |
| 11 | 81 | Tommy Hill | Yamaha YZF R1 | 25 | +26.477 | 10 | **5** |
| 12 | 57 | Lorenzo Lanzi | Ducati 999 F06 | 25 | +26.709 | 11 | **4** |
| 13 | 3 | Norifumi Abe | Yamaha YZF R1 | 25 | +27.335 | 19 | **3** |
| 14 | 10 | Fonsi Nieto | Kawasaki ZX 10R | 25 | +29.465 | 12 | **2** |
| 15 | 16 | Sébastien Gimbert | Yamaha YZF R1 | 25 | +39.195 | 15 | **1** |
| 16 | 13 | Vittorio Iannuzzo | Suzuki GSX-R1000 K6 | 25 | +40.408 | 23 |  |
| 17 | 99 | Steve Martin | Petronas FP1 | 25 | +42.389 | 17 |  |
| 18 | 44 | Roberto Rolfo | Ducati 999 F05 | 25 | +48.053 | 25 |  |
| 19 | 38 | Shinichi Nakatomi | Yamaha YZF R1 | 25 | +51.243 | 26 |  |
| 20 | 25 | Josh Brookes | Kawasaki ZX 10R | 25 | +51.999 | 22 |  |
| 21 | 8 | Ivan Clementi | Ducati 999 RS | 25 | +59.569 | 21 |  |
| Ret | 20 | Marco Borciani | Ducati 999 F05 | 14 | Retirement | 20 |  |
| Ret | 18 | Craig Jones | Petronas FP1 | 12 | Retirement | 24 |  |
| Ret | 7 | Pierfrancesco Chili | Honda CBR1000RR | 10 | Retirement | 16 |  |
| Ret | 80 | Kurtis Roberts | Ducati 999 RS | 8 | Retirement | 27 |  |
| Ret | 84 | Michel Fabrizio | Honda CBR1000RR | 5 | Retirement | 14 |  |
| Ret | 31 | Karl Muggeridge | Honda CBR1000RR | 4 | Retirement | 3 |  |

### Superbike race 2 classification

| Pos | No | Rider | Bike | Laps | Time | Grid | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 41 | Noriyuki Haga | Yamaha YZF R1 | 25 | 36:29.709 | 2 | **25** |
| 2 | 21 | Troy Bayliss | Ducati 999 F06 | 25 | +0.184 | 1 | **20** |
| 3 | 88 | Andrew Pitt | Yamaha YZF R1 | 25 | +2.242 | 6 | **16** |
| 4 | 55 | Régis Laconi | Kawasaki ZX 10R | 25 | +6.523 | 7 | **13** |
| 5 | 52 | James Toseland | Honda CBR1000RR | 25 | +7.073 | 4 | **11** |
| 6 | 1 | Troy Corser | Suzuki GSX-R1000 K6 | 25 | +7.521 | 5 | **10** |
| 7 | 71 | Yukio Kagayama | Suzuki GSX-R1000 K6 | 25 | +10.903 | 9 | **9** |
| 8 | 9 | Chris Walker | Kawasaki ZX 10R | 25 | +19.715 | 8 | **8** |
| 9 | 4 | Alex Barros | Honda CBR1000RR | 25 | +22.202 | 18 | **7** |
| 10 | 11 | Rubén Xaus | Ducati 999 F05 | 25 | +26.797 | 13 | **6** |
| 11 | 57 | Lorenzo Lanzi | Ducati 999 F06 | 25 | +29.702 | 11 | **5** |
| 12 | 84 | Michel Fabrizio | Honda CBR1000RR | 25 | +29.804 | 14 | **4** |
| 13 | 3 | Norifumi Abe | Yamaha YZF R1 | 25 | +31.829 | 19 | **3** |
| 14 | 16 | Sébastien Gimbert | Yamaha YZF R1 | 25 | +34.177 | 15 | **2** |
| 15 | 13 | Vittorio Iannuzzo | Suzuki GSX-R1000 K6 | 25 | +35.267 | 23 | **1** |
| 16 | 99 | Steve Martin | Petronas FP1 | 25 | +40.940 | 17 |  |
| 17 | 38 | Shinichi Nakatomi | Yamaha YZF R1 | 25 | +43.413 | 26 |  |
| 18 | 44 | Roberto Rolfo | Ducati 999 F05 | 25 | +45.985 | 25 |  |
| Ret | 10 | Fonsi Nieto | Kawasaki ZX 10R | 18 | Retirement | 12 |  |
| Ret | 8 | Ivan Clementi | Ducati 999 RS | 12 | Retirement | 21 |  |
| Ret | 18 | Craig Jones | Petronas FP1 | 12 | Retirement | 24 |  |
| Ret | 7 | Pierfrancesco Chili | Honda CBR1000RR | 11 | Retirement | 16 |  |
| Ret | 20 | Marco Borciani | Ducati 999 F05 | 11 | Retirement | 20 |  |
| Ret | 25 | Josh Brookes | Kawasaki ZX 10R | 10 | Retirement | 22 |  |
| Ret | 81 | Tommy Hill | Yamaha YZF R1 | 5 | Retirement | 10 |  |
| Ret | 31 | Karl Muggeridge | Honda CBR1000RR | 4 | Retirement | 3 |  |
| Ret | 80 | Kurtis Roberts | Ducati 999 RS | 1 | Retirement | 27 |  |

### Supersport race classification

## InfoBox

2006 Brands Hatch Superbike World Championship round
| Round details | |
| --- | --- |
| Round 8 of 12 rounds in the
2006 Superbike World Championship.
and
Round 8 of 12 rounds in the
2006 Supersport World Championship. | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Date | 6 August, 2006 |
| Location | Brands Hatch |
| Course | Permanent racing facility
3.703 km (2.301 mi) |
| Superbike World Championship | |
| Pole position  Troy Bayliss  1:25.449  Fastest lap race 1 Fastest lap race 2  James Toseland  Troy Bayliss  1:26.351 1:26.706 | |
| Supersport World Championship | |
| Pole position  Broc Parkes  1:28.447  Fastest lap  Kevin Curtain  1:29.074 | |


abstract: The women's 400 metres hurdles at the 2012 European Athletics Championships was held at the Helsinki Olympic Stadium on 27, 28 and 29 June.

text:
# 2012 European Athletics Championships – Women's 400 metres hurdles

The **women's 400 metres hurdles** at the 2012 European Athletics Championships was held at the Helsinki Olympic Stadium on 27, 28 and 29 June.

## Medalists

| **Gold** | Irina Davydova
*Russia* |
| --- | --- |
| **Silver** | Denisa Rosolová
*Czech Republic* |
| **Bronze** | Hanna Yaroshchuk
*Ukraine* |

## Records

| Standing records prior to the 2012 European Athletics Championships | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **World record** | Yuliya Pechonkina (RUS) | **52.34** | Tula, Russia | 8 August 2003 |
| **European record** | Yuliya Pechonkina (RUS) | **52.34** | Tula, Russia | 8 August 2003 |
| **Championship record** | Natalya Antyukh (RUS) | **52.92** | Barcelona, Spain | 30 July 2010 |
| **World Leading** | Irina Davydova (RUS) | **53.87** | Sochi, Russia | 27 May 2012 |
| **European Leading** | Irina Davydova (RUS) | **53.87** | Sochi, Russia | 27 May 2012 |
| Broken records during the 2012 European Athletics Championships | | | | |
| **World Leading**
**European Leading** | Irina Davydova (RUS) | **53.77** | Helsinki, Finland | 29 June 2012 |

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Round |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 27 June 2012 | **14:30** | **Round 1** |
| 28 June 2012 | **10:30** | **Semifinals** |
| 29 June 2012 | **20:00** | **Final** |

## Results

### Round 1

First 3 in each heat (Q) and 4 best performers (q) advance to the Semifinals.

| Rank | Heat | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 2 | 8 | Zuzana Hejnová | Czech Republic | 55.24 | Q |
| 2 | 1 | 2 | Angela Moroșanu | Romania | 55.37 | Q |
| 3 | 1 | 6 | Élodie Ouédraogo | Belgium | 55.39 | Q, SB |
| 4 | 2 | 6 | Hanna Yaroshchuk | Ukraine | 55.73 | Q |
| 5 | 1 | 7 | Vera Barbosa | Portugal | 55.80 | Q, **NR** |
| 6 | 3 | 6 | Denisa Rosolová | Czech Republic | 55.98 | Q |
| 7 | 4 | 3 | Irina Davydova | Russia | 56.00 | Q |
| 8 | 3 | 4 | Yelena Churakova | Russia | 56.08 | Q |
| 9 | 2 | 2 | Jessie Barr | Ireland | 56.30 | Q |
| 9 | 1 | 3 | Hanna Titimets | Ukraine | 56.30 | q |
| 11 | 3 | 5 | Tina Matusińska | Poland | 56.33 | Q |
| 12 | 4 | 7 | Sara Petersen | Denmark | 56.58 | Q |
| 12 | 2 | 3 | Eglė Staišiūnaitė | Lithuania | 56.58 | q, PB |
| 14 | 4 | 2 | Zuzana Bergrová | Czech Republic | 56.59 | Q, SB |
| 15 | 4 | 8 | Manuela Gentili | Italy | 57.10 | q |
| 16 | 4 | 4 | Meghan Beesley | Great Britain | 57.18 | q |
| 17 | 2 | 5 | Axelle Dauwens | Belgium | 57.19 |  |
| 18 | 2 | 7 | Emma Millard | Finland | 57.61 | PB |
| 18 | 3 | 3 | Tina Kron | Germany | 57.61 |  |
| 20 | 1 | 5 | Nikolina Horvat | Croatia | 57.74 |  |
| 21 | 3 | 8 | Frida Persson | Sweden | 57.83 | PB |
| 22 | 2 | 4 | Phara Anacharsis | France | 58.02 |  |
| 23 | 3 | 2 | Stine Tomb | Norway | 58.24 |  |
| 24 | 4 | 6 | Amaliya Sharoyan | Armenia | 58.27 |  |
| 25 | 4 | 5 | Özge Akın | Turkey | 58.90 |  |
| 26 | 3 | 7 | Sema Apak | Turkey | 58.93 |  |
| 27 | 1 | 4 | Elif Yıldırım | Turkey | 59.43 |  |

### Semifinals

First 3 in each heat (Q) and 2 best performers (q) advance to the Final.

| Rank | Heat | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 2 | 4 | Irina Davydova | Russia | 54.68 | Q |
| 2 | 1 | 6 | Hanna Yaroshchuk | Ukraine | 54.69 | Q, PB |
| 3 | 1 | 5 | Denisa Rosolová | Czech Republic | 54.71 | Q |
| 4 | 1 | 3 | Yelena Churakova | Russia | 54.92 | Q, SB |
| 5 | 2 | 3 | Zuzana Hejnová | Czech Republic | 55.36 | Q |
| 6 | 2 | 5 | Élodie Ouédraogo | Belgium | 55.77 | Q |
| 7 | 2 | 8 | Zuzana Bergrová | Czech Republic | 55.78 | q, PB |
| 8 | 1 | 8 | Jessie Barr | Ireland | 55.93 | q, PB |
| 9 | 2 | 6 | Sara Petersen | Denmark | 56.07 |  |
| 10 | 1 | 7 | Tina Matusińska | Poland | 56.43 |  |
| 11 | 2 | 7 | Vera Barbosa | Portugal | 56.58 |  |
| 12 | 1 | 1 | Manuela Gentili | Italy | 57.03 |  |
| 13 | 2 | 2 | Hanna Titimets | Ukraine | 57.26 |  |
| 14 | 2 | 1 | Meghan Beesley | Great Britain | 57.32 |  |
| 15 | 1 | 2 | Eglė Staišiūnaitė | Lithuania | 58.76 |  |
| 16 | 1 | 4 | Angela Moroșanu | Romania | 58.96 |  |

### Final

| Rank | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 5 | Irina Davydova | Russia | 53.77 | WL |
|  | 3 | Denisa Rosolová | Czech Republic | 54.24 | PB |
|  | 4 | Hanna Yaroshchuk | Ukraine | 54.35 | PB |
| 4 | 6 | Zuzana Hejnová | Czech Republic | 54.49 |  |
| 5 | 8 | Yelena Churakova | Russia | 54.78 | PB |
| 6 | 7 | Élodie Ouédraogo | Belgium | 55.95 |  |
| 7 | 1 | Zuzana Bergrová | Czech Republic | 56.26 |  |
| 8 | 2 | Jessie Barr | Ireland | 56.83 |  |

## InfoBox

| Women's 400 metres hurdles
at the European Athletics Championships | |
| --- | --- |


abstract: The 2002–03 Macedonian First League was the 11th season of the Macedonian First Football League, the highest football league of Macedonia. The first matches of the season were played on 10 August 2002 and the last on 1 June 2003. Vardar defended their championship title, having won their fifth title, second in a row.

text:
# 2002–03 Macedonian First Football League

The **2002–03 Macedonian First League** was the 11th season of the Macedonian First Football League, the highest football league of Macedonia. The first matches of the season were played on 10 August 2002 and the last on 1 June 2003. Vardar defended their championship title, having won their fifth title, second in a row.

## Promotion and relegation

## Participating teams

**Skopje**PelisterKumanovoNapredokPobedaBregalnicaBelasicaSileksTikvesh**Skopje clubs:**Cementarnica
Rabotnichki
Sloga Jugomagnat
Vardarclass=notpageimage|Location of teams in **2002–03 Macedonian First League**

| Club | City | Stadium |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Belasica Geras Cunev | Strumica | Stadion Mladost |
| Bregalnica | Delchevo | Gradski stadion Goce Delchev |
| Cementarnica 55 | Skopje | Stadion Cementarnica |
| Kumanovo | Kumanovo | Gradski stadion Kumanovo |
| Napredok | Kichevo | Gradski stadion Kichevo |
| Pelister | Bitola | Stadion Tumbe Kafe |
| Pobeda | Prilep | Stadion Goce Delchev |
| Rabotnichki Kometal | Skopje | Gradski stadion Skopje |
| Sileks | Kratovo | Stadion Sileks |
| Sloga Jugomagnat | Skopje | Chair Stadium |
| Tikvesh | Kavadarci | Gradski stadion Kavadarci |
| Vardar | Skopje | Gradski stadion Skopje |

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Vardar (C) | 33 | 22 | 6 | 5 | 73 | 37 | +36 | 72 | Qualification for the Champions League first qualifying round |
| 2 | Belasica | 33 | 20 | 9 | 4 | 50 | 32 | +18 | 69 | Qualification for the UEFA Cup qualifying round |
| 3 | Pobeda | 33 | 20 | 5 | 8 | 55 | 33 | +22 | 65 | Qualification for the Intertoto Cup first round |
| 4 | Rabotnichki Kometal | 33 | 16 | 6 | 11 | 41 | 35 | +6 | 54 |  |
| 5 | Sloga Jugomagnat | 33 | 15 | 6 | 12 | 62 | 50 | +12 | | 51 |
| 6 | Sileks | 33 | 14 | 4 | 15 | 40 | 35 | +5 | | 46 |
| 7 | Napredok | 33 | 13 | 3 | 17 | 39 | 41 | 2 | | 42 |
| 8 | Cementarnica 55 | 33 | 11 | 9 | 13 | 45 | 39 | +6 | 42 | Qualification for the UEFA Cup qualifying round |
| 9 | Tikvesh | 33 | 11 | 4 | 18 | 37 | 58 | 21 | 37 |  |
| 10 | Bregalnica Delchevo | 33 | 10 | 6 | 17 | 44 | 49 | 5 | | 36 |
| 11 | Pelister (R) | 33 | 7 | 7 | 19 | 30 | 60 | 30 | 28 | Relegation to the Macedonian Second League |
| 12 | Kumanovo (R) | 33 | 4 | 5 | 24 | 24 | 71 | 47 | | 17 |

Source: MacedonianFootball.com, RSSSF.org
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Goal difference; 3) Goals scored; 4) Head-to-head points; 5) Head-to-head goal difference; 6) Head-to-head away goals scored (only if two teams); 7) Head-to-head goals scored; 8) Draw; 9) Play-off. (Note: Criteria 2, 3 and 8 is only used if not deciding Champion, teams for UEFA competitions or relegation).
(C) Champions; (R) Relegated
Notes:

## Results

Every team will play three times against each other team for a total of 33 matches. The first 22 matchdays will consist of a regular double round-robin schedule. The league standings at this point will then be used to determine the games for the last 11 matchdays.

| Home \ Away | BEL | BRD | CEM | KUM | NAP | PEL | POB | RAB | SIL | SLO | TIK | VAR | BEL | BRD | CEM | KUM | NAP | PEL | POB | RAB | SIL | SLO | TIK | VAR |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Belasica |  | 2–1 | 3–2 | 1–0 | 1–0 | 1–0 | 2–0 | 1–0 | 2–1 | 1–0 | 4–2 | 3–2 |  | 1–1 |  |  |  | 6–0 |  |  | 3–1 | 4–3 | 1–0 | 1–0 |
| Bregalnica Delchevo | 0–1 |  | 1–1 | 3–2 | 2–1 | 3–0 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–0 | 5–2 | 0–1 | 0–1 |  |  | 3–2 |  | 2–1 |  |  |  | 3–1 | 2–4 |  | 0–1 |
| Cementarnica 55 | 1–1 | 1–0 |  | 2–1 | 0–1 | 1–2 | 1–1 | 3–0 | 3–0 | 2–4 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 2–0 |  |  | 6–0 |  | 1–0 | 0–1 | 2–0 |  |  |  |  |
| Kumanovo | 1–1 | 0–0 | 0–4 |  | 1–0 | 0–0 | 0–2 | 0–1 | 0–1 | 2–1 | 1–2 | 2–4 | 0–3 | 2–4 |  |  |  | 2–0 | 1–2 | 1–3 |  |  |  |  |
| Napredok | 0–1 | 2–1 | 1–1 | 1–0 |  | 4–1 | 2–1 | 0–0 | 2–1 | 5–0 | 0–1 | 3–1 | 0–1 |  | 0–0 | 4–2 |  |  | 1–2 | 0–2 |  |  |  |  |
| Pelister | 1–1 | 3–1 | 1–0 | 1–0 | 1–2 |  | 1–1 | 1–0 | 0–1 | 0–0 | 3–2 | 1–2 |  | 2–2 |  |  | 0–2 |  |  |  | 0–3 | 3–6 |  | 0–2 |
| Pobeda | 4–0 | 4–3 | 2–1 | 0–2 | 2–1 | 1–0 |  | 1–0 | 2–0 | 3–1 | 2–1 | 3–1 | 6–1 | 1–0 |  |  |  | 1–1 |  |  | 2–1 | 2–1 | 3–0 |  |
| Rabotnichki | 1–0 | 1–0 | 2–0 | 4–1 | 1–0 | 2–0 | 0–0 |  | 1–0 | 1–4 | 3–1 | 1–2 | 1–1 | 1–0 |  |  |  | 3–1 | 0–2 |  |  | 1–2 | 4–1 |  |
| Sileks | 1–1 | 1–0 | 1–1 | 3–0 | 3–0 | 1–0 | 1–0 | 4–1 |  | 1–0 | 3–0 | 1–3 |  |  | 0–1 | 3–1 | 2–0 |  |  | 0–2 |  |  | 2–0 | 0–1 |
| Sloga Jugomagnat | 0–0 | 2–0 | 0–0 | 0–0 | 1–0 | 3–3 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 1–0 |  | 5–1 | 2–1 |  |  | 3–1 | 3–0 | 2–3 |  |  |  | 2–1 |  | 3–0 | 2–3 |
| Tikvesh | 1–1 | 0–1 | 4–2 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 1–2 | 1–0 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 2–1 |  | 1–1 |  | 4–2 | 0–1 | 0–0 | 0–1 | 2–0 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Vardar | 0–0 | 2–1 | 1–1 | 5–2 | 3–0 | 3–1 | 2–0 | 4–0 | 1–1 | 2–1 | 3–0 |  |  |  | 2–1 | 5–1 | 3–2 |  | 4–3 | 1–1 |  |  | 6–2 |  |

Source: RSSSF.org
Legend: Blue = home team win; Yellow = draw; Red = away team win.
Notes: 1. Match awarded

## Top goalscorers

| Rank | Player | Club | Goals |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Ljubiša Savić | Bregalnica Delchevo &
Sloga Jugomagnat | 25 |
| 2 | Zoran Baldovaliev | Belasica | 21 |
| 3 | Vasko Georgiev | Napredok &
Bregalnica Delchevo | 15 |
| | Rogério Oliveira | Vardar | |
| | Antonio Tasev | Tikvesh | |
| 6 | Dragan Dimitrovski | Napredok & Pobeda | 13 |
| 7 | Mario Petkov | Vardar | 12 |
| 8 | Goran Stankovski | Sloga Jugomagnat | 11 |
| 9 | Bojan Dimitrievski | Sileks | 10 |
|

Source: rsssf.org

## InfoBox

Macedonian First League
| Season | 2002–03 |
| --- | --- |
| Dates | 10 August 2002 –
1 June 2003 |
| Champions | Vardar
5th Macedonian title
6th domestic title |
| Relegated | Pelister
Kumanovo |
| Champions League | Vardar |
| UEFA Cup | Belasica
Cementarnica |
| Intertoto Cup | Pobeda |
| Matches played | 198 |
| Goals scored | 540 (2.73 per match) |
| Top goalscorer | Ljubiša Savić
(25 goals) |
| Biggest home win | Belasica 6–0 Pelister
Cementarnica 6–0 Kumanovo |
| Biggest away win | Kumanovo 0–4 Cementarnica |
| Highest scoring | Pelister 3–6 Sloga |
| 2001–02 2003–04 | |


title: Ellen Lohr

abstract: Ellen Lohr is a German race car driver. She currently competes in the NASCAR Whelen Euro Series, driving the No. 99 Chevrolet Camaro for Dexwet-df1 Racing in the Elite 1 class. She is one of Germany's most accomplished female drivers, having won a DTM race, on 24 May 1992 in a Mercedes 190E 2.5-16 Evo2 on the Hockenheimring. Lohr is currently the only female driver to have won a DTM race. When the DTM/ITC series was discontinued in 1996 she moved to truck racing and also competed in the Deutsche Tourenwagen Challenge (DTC), a German touring car racing series. From 2004 Ellen Lohr competed in the Dakar Rally and similar events. She is an occasional television commentator for DTM races. In 2008 Ellen Lohr competed in the German Rally Championship, the Deutsche Rally Meisterschaft, with Antonia Roissard de Bellet as her navigator. They also entered the 2008 Central Europe Rally. After her initial retirement in 2016, she worked in Formula E in the marketing department of the Venturi race team in 2017. She returned to full-time competition in 2019 after she signed a contract with Dexwet-df1 Racing to compete in the NASCAR Whelen Euro Series in the No. 99 team. She had previously spectated the 2018 season finale at Zolder and expressed interests to compete in the series after spectating the race.

text:
# Ellen Lohr

**Ellen Lohr** (born 12 April 1965 in Mönchengladbach) is a German race car driver. She currently competes in the NASCAR Whelen Euro Series, driving the No. 99 Chevrolet Camaro for Dexwet-df1 Racing in the Elite 1 class.

She is one of Germany's most accomplished female drivers, having won a DTM (German Touring Car Masters) race, on 24 May 1992 in a Mercedes 190E 2.5-16 Evo2 on the Hockenheimring. Lohr is currently the only female driver to have won a DTM race.

When the DTM/ITC series was discontinued in 1996 she moved to truck racing and also competed in the *Deutsche Tourenwagen Challenge* (DTC), a German touring car racing series. From 2004 Ellen Lohr competed in the Dakar Rally and similar events. She is an occasional television commentator for DTM races.

In 2008 Ellen Lohr competed in the German Rally Championship, the Deutsche Rally Meisterschaft, with Antonia Roissard de Bellet as her navigator. They also entered the 2008 Central Europe Rally (part of the Dakar Series).

After her initial retirement in 2016, she worked in Formula E in the marketing department of the Venturi race team in 2017. She returned to full-time competition in 2019 after she signed a contract with Dexwet-df1 Racing to compete in the NASCAR Whelen Euro Series in the No. 99 team. She had previously spectated the 2018 season finale at Zolder and expressed interests to compete in the series after spectating the race.

## Racing record

### Complete Deutsche Tourenwagen Meisterschaft results

(key) (Races in **bold** indicate pole position) (Races in *italics* indicate fastest lap)

| Year | Team | Car | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | Pos. | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1987 | Alpina | BMW M3 | HOC | ZOL | NÜR | AVU | MFA | NOR | NÜR
Ret | WUN
5 | DIE | SAL
2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 19th | 32 |
| 1991 | AMG Motorenbau GmbH | Mercedes 190E 2.5-16 Evo2 | ZOL
1
13 | ZOL
2
Ret | HOC
1
27 | HOC
2
15 | NÜR
1
13 | NÜR
2
10 | AVU
1
16 | AVU
2
Ret | WUN
1
13 | WUN
2
Ret | NOR
1
DNQ | NOR
2
DNQ | DIE
1
13 | DIE
2
21 | NÜR
1
14 | NÜR
2
10 | ALE
1
11 | ALE
2
Ret | HOC
1
Ret | HOC
2
DNS | BRN
1
14 | BRN
2
11 | DON
1
Ret | DON
2
12 | 28th | 2 |
| 1992 | AMG Motorenbau GmbH | Mercedes 190E 2.5-16 Evo2 | ZOL
1
13 | ZOL
2
15 | NÜR
1
19 | NÜR
2
Ret | WUN
1
Ret | WUN
2
9 | AVU
1
8 | AVU
2
2 | *HOC
1*
1 | **HOC
2**
Ret | NÜR
1
13 | NÜR
2
13 | NOR
1
3 | NOR
2
6 | BRN
1
Ret | BRN
2
7 | DIE
1
7 | DIE
2
4 | ALE
1
8 | ALE
2
5 | NÜR
1
6 | NÜR
2
6 | HOC
1
Ret | HOC
2
6 | 11th | 105 |
| 1993 | AMG-Mercedes Berlin 2000 | Mercedes 190E 2.5-16 Evo2 | ZOL
1
6 | ZOL
2
8 | HOC
1
Ret | HOC
2
7 | NÜR
1
7 | NÜR
2
Ret | WUN
1
Ret | WUN
2
Ret |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10th | 43 |
| | Mercedes 190E 2.5-16 93 | | |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | NÜR
1
11 | NÜR
2
Ret | NOR
1
6 | NOR
2
Ret | DON
1
8 | DON
2
Ret | DIE
1
4 | DIE
2
4 | ALE
1
11 | ALE
2
Ret | AVU
1
Ret | AVU
2
Ret | HOC
1
Ret | HOC
2
Ret |  |  |
| 1994 | AMG Mercedes D2 Privat Team | Mercedes C-Class V6 | ZOL
1
5 | ZOL
2
6 | HOC
1
7 | HOC
2
7 | NÜR
1
10 | NÜR
2
9 | MUG
1
Ret | MUG
2
Ret | NÜR
1
12 | NÜR
2
Ret | NOR
1
7 | NOR
2
6 | DON
1
6 | DON
2
Ret | DIE
1
6 | DIE
2
3 | NÜR
1
7 | NÜR
2
8 | AVU
1
7 | AVU
2
Ret | ALE
1
11 | ALE
2
9 | HOC
1
9 | HOC
2
5 | 11th | 76 |
| 1995 | Zakspeed Mercedes | Mercedes C-Class V6 | HOC
1
12 | HOC
2
Ret | AVU
1
Ret | AVU
2
5 | NOR
1
11 | NOR
2
Ret | DIE
1
10 | DIE
2
9 | NÜR
1
8 | NÜR
2
5 | ALE
1
Ret | ALE
2
7 | HOC
1
11 | HOC
2
Ret |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 17th | 18 |

### Complete International Touring Car Championship results

(key) (Races in **bold** indicate pole position) (Races in *italics* indicate fastest lap)

| Year | Team | Car | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | Pos. | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1995 | Zakspeed Mercedes | Mercedes C-Class V6 | MUG
1
10 | MUG
2
Ret | HEL
1
Ret | HEL
2
5 | DON
1
Ret | DON
2
10 | EST
1
9 | EST
2
10 | MAG
1
15† | MAG
2
Ret |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 17th | 13 |
| 1996 | Persson Motorsport | Mercedes C-Class | HOC
1
9 | HOC
2
Ret | NÜR
1
15 | NÜR
2
11 | EST
1
Ret | EST
2
Ret | HEL
1
15 | HEL
2
8 | NOR
1
14 | NOR
2
9 | DIE
1
21 | DIE
2
13 | SIL
1
20 | SIL
2
12 | NÜR
1
20 | NÜR
2
21 | MAG
1
Ret | MAG
2
14 | MUG
1
16 | MUG
2
12 | HOC
1
11 | HOC
2
11 | INT
1
18† | INT
2
13 | SUZ
1
21 | SUZ
2
Ret | 25th | 7 |

* † — Retired, but was classified as she completed 90% of the winner's race distance.

### Complete NASCAR results

#### Whelen Euro Series – Elite 1

| NASCAR Whelen Euro Series – Elite 1 results | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Year | Team | No. | Make | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | NWES | Pts |
| 2019 | Dexwet-df1 Racing | 99 | Chevy | VAL
23 | VAL
28 | FRA
21 | FRA
14 | BRH
22 | BRH
23 | MOS
14^ | MOS
15 | VEN
20 | HOC
 | HOC
 | ZOL
 | ZOL
 | 25th | 148 |

## InfoBox

| Ellen Lohr | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Nationality | German |
| Born | (1965-04-12) 12 April 1965
Mönchengladbach, West Germany |
| NASCAR Whelen Euro Series career | |
| Debut season | 2019 |
| Current team | Dexwet-df1 Racing |
| Car number | 99 |
| Engine | Chevrolet |
| Starts | 9 |
| Wins | 0 |
| Poles | 0 |
| Fastest laps | 0 |
| Best finish | 25th in 2019 |
| Finished last season | 25th in 2019 |
|  | |
| DTM career | |
| Debut season | 1987 |
| Teams | Alpina, AMG-Mercedes, Zakspeed |
| Starts | 110 |
| Wins | 1 |
| Podiums | 5 |
| Poles | 1 |
| Fastest laps | 1 |
| Best finish | 10th in 1993 |
|  | |


abstract: The 1977–78 Michigan State Spartans men's basketball team represented Michigan State University in the 1977–78 NCAA Division I men's basketball season as members of the Big Ten Conference. They played their home games at Jenison Fieldhouse in East Lansing, Michigan and were coached by second-year head coach, Jud Heathcote. MSU finished the season 25–5, 15–3 in Big Ten play to win the Big Ten Championship. They received the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Tournament where they defeated Providence and Western Kentucky before losing to Kentucky in the Mideast Regional Final. The team was led by freshman Earvin "Magic" Johnson and Gregory Kelser.

text:
# 1977–78 Michigan State Spartans men's basketball team

1977–78 Big Ten Conference men's basketball standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | PCT |  |  | W |  | L |  | PCT |
| No. 4 Michigan State | 15 |  | 3 |  | .833 |  |  | 25 |  | 5 |  | .833 |
| No. 13 Indiana | 12 |  | 6 |  | .667 |  |  | 21 |  | 8 |  | .724 |
| Minnesota | 12 |  | 6 |  | .667 |  |  | 17 |  | 10 |  | .630 |
| Michigan | 11 |  | 7 |  | .611 |  |  | 16 |  | 11 |  | .593 |
| Purdue | 11 |  | 7 |  | .611 |  |  | 16 |  | 11 |  | .593 |
| Ohio State | 9 |  | 9 |  | .500 |  |  | 16 |  | 11 |  | .593 |
| Illinois | 7 |  | 11 |  | .389 |  |  | 13 |  | 14 |  | .481 |
| Iowa | 5 |  | 13 |  | .278 |  |  | 12 |  | 15 |  | .444 |
| Northwestern | 4 |  | 14 |  | .222 |  |  | 8 |  | 19 |  | .296 |
| Wisconsin | 4 |  | 14 |  | .222 |  |  | 8 |  | 19 |  | .296 |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Rankings from AP Poll | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The **1977–78 Michigan State Spartans men's basketball team** represented Michigan State University in the 1977–78 NCAA Division I men's basketball season as members of the Big Ten Conference. They played their home games at Jenison Fieldhouse in East Lansing, Michigan and were coached by second-year head coach, Jud Heathcote. MSU finished the season 25–5, 15–3 in Big Ten play to win the Big Ten Championship. They received the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Tournament where they defeated Providence and Western Kentucky before losing to Kentucky in the Mideast Regional Final. The team was led by freshman Earvin "Magic" Johnson and Gregory Kelser.

## Previous season

The Spartans finished the 1976–77 season with a record of 10–17, 7–11 to finish in fifth place in Big Ten play.

## Roster and stats

| 1977–78 Michigan State Spartans men's basketball team | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| No | Name | Pos | Year | Height | Pts | Reb | Ast |
| 32 | Gregory Kelser | F | JR | 6–7 | 17.7 | 9.1 | 1.3 |
| 33 | Earvin Johnson | F | FR | 6–8 | 17.0 | 7.9 | 7.4 |
| 44 | Robert Chapman | G | SR | 6–2 | 12.3 | 2.7 | 2.0 |
| 31 | Jay Vincent | C | FR | 6–8 | 11.3 | 3.7 | 1.0 |
| 15 | Ron Charles | F | SO | 6–7 | 6.3 | 1.4 | 0.3 |
| 11 | Terry Donnelly | G | SO | 6–2 | 6.0 | 1.4 | 2.4 |
| 12 | Mike Brkovich | G | FR | 6–4 | 2.3 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
| 43 | Sten Feidrech | C | FR | 7–0 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 0.4 |
| 45 | James Couture | C | SR | 6–9 | 1.8 | 1.2 | 0.0 |
| 25 | Alfred Brown | G | SR | 6–6 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 0.3 |
| 24 | Len Williams | G | SO | 6–0 | 2.2 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| 21 | Donald Flowers | G | SR | 6–2 | 1.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 |
| 41 | Dan Riewald | G | SR | 6–5 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.2 |
| 22 | Nate Philips | G | SR | 6–4 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| 23 | Mike Longaker | G | SO | 6–1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| 42 | Rick Kaye | G | FR | 6–7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
|

Source

## Schedule and results

| Date
time, TV | Rank# | Opponent# | Result | Record | Site
city, state |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Non-conference regular season | | | | | | | | |
| Nov 28, 1977*
 |  | Central Michigan | **W** 68–61 | 1–0
 | Jenison Field House
East Lansing, MI |
| Dec. 2, 1977*
 |  | vs. Rhode Island
*Carrier Classic* | **W** 92–64 | 2–0
 | Manley Field House
Syracuse, NY |
| Dec 3, 1977*
 |  | at No. 12 Syracuse
*Carrier Classic* | **L** 67–75 | 2–1
 | Manley Field House
Syracuse, NY |
| Dec 8, 1977*
 |  | Wichita State | **W** 84–57 | 3–1
 | Jenison Field House
East Lansing, MI |
| Dec 10, 1977*
 |  | Western Michigan | **W** 79–57 | 4–1
 | Jenison Field House
East Lansing, MI |
| Dec 19, 1977*
 |  | Middle Tennessee | **W** 72–51 | 5–1
 | Jenison Field House
East Lansing, MI |
| Dec 21, 1977*
 |  | at No. 15 Detroit Mercy | **W** 103–74 | 6–1
 | Calihan Hall
Detroit, MI |
| Dec 29, 1977*
 |  | vs. SMU
*Old Dominion Classic semifinal* | **W** 95–69 | 7–1
 | Norfolk Scope
Norfolk, VA |
| Dec 30, 1977*
 |  | vs. New Hampshire
*Old Dominion Classic championship* | **W** 102–65 | 8–1
 | Norfolk Scope
Norfolk, VA |
| Big Ten regular season | | | | | | | | |
| Jan 5, 1978
 | No. 18 | Minnesota | **W** 87–83 | 9–1
(1–0) | Jenison Field House
East Lansing, MI |
| Jan 7, 1978
 | No. 18 | at Wisconsin | **W** 74–63 | 10–1
(2–0) | Jenison Field House
East Lansing, MI |
| Jan 12, 1978
 | No. 12 | at Illinois | **W** 82–70 | 11–1
(3–0) | Assembly Hall
Champaign, IL |
| Jan 14, 1978
 | No. 12 | Northwestern | **W** 67–63 | 12–1
(4–0) | Welsh-Ryan Arena
Evanston, IL |
| Jan 19, 1978
 | No. 10 | Purdue | **W** 60–51 | 13–1
(5–0) | Jenison Field House
East Lansing, MI |
| Jan 21, 1978
 | No. 10 | Iowa | **W** 68–58 | 14–1
(6–0) | Jenison Field House
East Lansing, MI |
| Jan 26, 1978
 | No. 7 | at Ohio State | **W** 70–60 | 15–1
(7–0) | St. John Arena
Columbus, OH |
| Jan 28, 1978
 | No. 7 | at Indiana | **L** 58–59 | 15–2
(7–1) | Assembly Hall
Bloomington, IN |
| Feb 2, 1979
 | No. 7 | Michigan
*Rivalry* | **L** 63–65 | 15–3
(7–2) | Jenison Field House
East Lansing, MI |
| Feb 4, 1978
 | No. 10 | Indiana | **W** 68–59 | 16–3
(8–2) | Jenison Field House
East Lansing, MI |
| Feb 9, 1978
 | No. 10 | at Iowa | **W** 71–70 | 17–3
(9–2) | Iowa Field House
Iowa City, IA |
| Feb 11, 1978
 | No. 10 | at Michigan
*Rivalry* | **W** 73–62 | 18–3
(10–2) | Crisler Arena
Ann Arbor, MI |
| Feb 16, 1978
 | No. 10 | at Purdue | **L** 80–99 | 18–4
(10–3) | Mackey Arena
West Lafayette, IN |
| Feb 18, 1978
 | No. 10 | Ohio State | **W** 66–56 | 19–4
(11–3) | Jenison Field House
East Lansing, MI |
| Feb 23, 1978
 | No. 10 | Northwestern | **W** 66–56 | 20–4
(12–3) | Jenison Field House
East Lansing, MI |
| Feb 25, 1978
 | No. 10 | Illinois | **W** 89–67 | 21–4
(13–3) | Jenison Field House
East Lansing, MI |
| Mar 2, 1978
 | No. 9 | at Wisconsin | **W** 89–75 | 22–4
(14–3) | Wisconsin Field House
Madison, WI |
| Mar 4, 1978
 | No. 9 | at Minnesota | **W** 71–70 | 23–4
(15–3) | Williams Arena
Minneapolis, MN |
| NCAA Tournament | | | | | | | | |
| Mar 11, 1978*
 | No. 6 | vs. Providence
*First Round* | **W** 77–63 | 24–4
 | Market Square Arena
Indianapolis, IN |
| Mar 16, 1978*
 | No. 4 | vs. Western Kentucky
*Sweet Sixteen* | **W** 90–69 | 25–4
 | University of Dayton Arena
Dayton, OH |
| Mar 18, 1978*
 | No. 4 | vs. No. 1 Kentucky
*Elite Eight* | **L** 49–52 | 25–5
 | University of Dayton Arena
Dayton, OH |
| *Non-conference game. #Rankings from AP Poll. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses.
ME=MidEast Region.
Source | | | | | | | | | | | |

## Awards and honors

* Earvin "Magic" Johnson – All-Big Ten First Team

## InfoBox

| 1977–78 Michigan State Spartans men's basketball | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Big Ten champions
Old Dominion Classic champions | |
| NCAA Tournament, Elite Eight | |
| Conference | Big Ten Conference |
| Ranking | |
| Coaches | No. 5 |
| AP | No. 4 |
| Record | 25–5 (15–3 Big Ten) |
| Head coach |  |
| Assistant coaches |  |
| Captains |  |
| Home arena | Jenison Fieldhouse |
|


title: Eucosma caliacrana

abstract: Eucosma caliacrana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in China, Mongolia, Japan, Russia, Romania and Bulgaria.

text:
# Eucosma caliacrana

***Eucosma caliacrana*** is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in China, Mongolia, Japan, Russia, Romania and Bulgaria.

## InfoBox

| *Eucosma caliacrana* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Tortricidae |
| Genus: | *Eucosma* |
| Species: | ***E. caliacrana*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Eucosma caliacrana***<br>(Caradja, 1931) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Semasia luciana caliacrana* Caradja, 1931 * *Eucosma (Phaneta) galactica* Obraztsov, 1968 * *Semasia luciana* Kennel, 1919 * *Semasia nessebarana* Soffner, 1962 | |


title: 2004 SEABA Under-18 Championship

abstract:
The 2004 SEABA Under-18 Championship was the qualifying tournament for Southeast Asia Basketball Association at the 2004 FIBA Asia Under-18 Championship. The tournament was held in Lucena, Quezon, the Philippines from April 14 to April 17. Quezon Convention Center was the venue of all the games.
The hosts won their third overall title by sweeping all of their assignments to earn right to represent SEABA together with the second-placer Singapore. Indonesia was supposed to participate at the tournament but withdrew a few days before the first match was due to be played

text:
# 2004 SEABA Under-18 Championship

The **2004 SEABA Under-18 Championship** was the qualifying tournament for Southeast Asia Basketball Association at the 2004 FIBA Asia Under-18 Championship. The tournament was held in Lucena, Quezon, the Philippines from April 14 to April 17. Quezon Convention Center was the venue of all the games. The hosts won their third overall title by sweeping all of their assignments to earn right to represent SEABA together with the second-placer Singapore.

Indonesia was supposed to participate at the tournament but withdrew a few days before the first match was due to be played

## Round robin

|  | Qualified for the final |
| --- | --- |

| Team | Pld | W | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Philippines | 3 | 3 | 0 | 277 | 174 | +103 | **6** |
| Singapore | 3 | 2 | 1 | 203 | 201 | +2 | **5** |
| Thailand | 3 | 1 | 2 | 238 | 235 | +3 | **4** |
| Malaysia | 3 | 0 | 3 | 176 | 235 | 59 | **3** |

| **Philippines** | **84**44 | Malaysia |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Scoring by half:** 40–24, 44–20 | | |
| **Pts:** Martinez 14 |  | **Pts:** Lee 12 |

| Thailand | 75**76** | **Singapore** |
| --- | --- | --- |

| Malaysia | 70**74** | **Thailand** |
| --- | --- | --- |

| Singapore | 50**104** | **Philippines** |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Scoring by half:** 27–60, 23–44 | | |
| **Pts:** Yong 11 |  | **Pts:** Menor, Bautista 15 |

| **Philippines** | **89**80 | Thailand |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Scoring by half:** 43–40, 46–40 | | |
| **Pts:** Martinez 24 |  | **Pts:** Phoonsoongjeon 20 |

| **Singapore** | **77**62 | Malaysia |
| --- | --- | --- |

## Final

| **Philippines** | **99**53 | Singapore |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Scoring by half:** 50–21, 49–32 | | |
| **Pts:** Martinez 21 |  | **Pts:** Oh 12 |

## Final standings

|  | Qualified for the 2004 FIBA Asia Under-18 Championship |
| --- | --- |

| Rank | Team |
| --- | --- |
|  | Philippines |
|  | Singapore |
|  | Thailand |
| 4 | Malaysia |

## Awards

| 2004 SEABA Under-18 champions |
| --- |
| **
Philippines
Third title** |

| Most Valuable Player |
| --- |
| Rogemar Menor |

## InfoBox

2004 SEABA U-18 Championship
| 4th Southeast Asian Basketball Championship | |
| --- | --- |
| Tournament details | |
| Host country | Philippines |
| Dates | April 14–17 |
| Teams | 4 |
| Venue(s) | 1 (in 1 host city) |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | Philippines (3rd title) |
| Tournament statistics | |
| MVP | Rogemar Menor |
|


title: 2006 Boxing World Cup

abstract: The 2006 Boxing World Cup was held in Baku, Azerbaijan from October 15 to October 22.

text:
# 2006 Boxing World Cup

The **2006 Boxing World Cup** was held in Baku, Azerbaijan from October 15 to October 22.

## Preliminaries

### Pool A

| October 15, 2006 | Cuba | Kazakhstan | 92 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| October 16, 2006 | Azerbaijan | USA | 92 |
| October 17, 2006 | Cuba | USA | 110 |
| October 17, 2006 | Azerbaijan | Kazakhstan | 92 |
| October 19, 2006 | Cuba | Azerbaijan | 110 |
| October 21, 2006 | Kazakhstan | USA | 74 | (USA - 4 walkovers) |

**Preliminary round standings**

|  | W | L |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Cuba | 3 | 0 |
| Azerbaijan | 2 | 1 |
| Kazakhstan | 1 | 2 |
| USA | 0 | 3 |

### Pool B

| October 15, 2006 | Russia | China | 92 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| October 16, 2006 | Ukraine | Africa | 101 |
| October 18, 2006 | Russia | Ukraine | 101 | (Ukraine - 3 walkovers) |
| October 18, 2006 | China | Africa | 92 |
| October 19, 2006 | Russia | Africa | 92 | (1 draw in favour of Russia - number of punches thrown) |
| October 21, 2006 | Ukraine | China | 101 |

**Preliminary round standings**

|  | W | L |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Russia | 3 | 0 |
| Ukraine | 2 | 1 |
| China | 1 | 2 |
| Africa | 0 | 3 |

## Final

| October 22, 2006 | Cuba | Russia | 65 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |


title: Baitun Nur Mosque

abstract: The Baitun Nur is a mosque in Calgary, Alberta. It is located in the Castleridge community of Calgary. The cornerstone of the mosque was laid in 2005. Construction was completed in 2008 at an estimated self-funded cost of C$15 million, with roughly C$8 million coming from the approximately 3,000 local Ahmadi Muslims. It is the largest mosque in Canada.

text:
# Baitun Nur Mosque

The **Baitun Nur** (*House of Light*) is a mosque in Calgary, Alberta. It is located in the Castleridge community of Calgary. The cornerstone of the mosque was laid in 2005. Construction was completed in 2008 at an estimated self-funded cost of C$15 million, with roughly C$8 million coming from the approximately 3,000 local Ahmadi Muslims. It is the largest mosque in Canada.

## Inauguration

5,000 people attended Baitun Nur's grand opening on July 5, 2008, including dignitaries such as Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper, Opposition Leader Stéphane Dion, and Calgary Mayor Dave Bronconnier. The Roman Catholic Bishop of Calgary, Fred Henry, also attended. Mirza Masroor Ahmad, the current head of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, oversaw the opening.

At the opening, Prime Minister Harper said "Calgarians, Albertans and Canadians will see the moderate, benevolent face of Islam in this mosque and the people who worship here." Afterward, a governing party insider said "It's an important signal the prime minister is sending, not just to militant Islamists abroad, but to their sympathizers here at home, that he's perfectly prepared to ignore them and side with persecuted minorities within the faith."

## Architecture

Baitun Nur was designed by Naseer Ahmad and Manu Chugh Architects; it was the seventh Ahmadiyya mosque designed by Ahmad.

The mosque complex is 4,500 m2 (48,000 sq ft) in size. A 97-foot-tall (30 m) steel-capped minaret tower and large steel dome are its most prominent external features. Around the exterior of the building are written 99 Arabic words, each an attribute of Allah's character as stated in the Qur'an.

In addition to serving as a place of worship, the mosque complex includes classrooms, office space, a children's area, a kitchen and a community centre. In the prayer hall of the mosque hangs a 400-kilogram chandelier that cost $50,000.

## InfoBox

| Baitun Nur mosque | |
| --- | --- |
| مسجد بیت النور | |
|  | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Islam |
| Branch/tradition | Ahmadiyya |
| Province | Alberta, Canada |
| Year consecrated | 2008 |
| Location | |
| Location | 4353 54 Avenue NE |
| Municipality | Calgary |
| Location within Calgary | |
| Geographic coordinates | 51°06′06″N 113°58′19″W / 51.101667°N 113.971944°W / 51.101667; -113.971944 |
| Architecture | |
| Architect(s) | Manu Chugh Architects |
| Type | Islamic architecture |
| Groundbreaking | 2005 |
| Completed | 2008 |
| Construction cost | C$15 million |
| Specifications | |
| Dome(s) | 2 |
| Minaret(s) | 1 |
| Minaret height | 97 feet (30 m) |
| Website | |
| www.baitunnur.org | |


title: Ernie Edwards

abstract: Ernest Arthur Edwards was an English professional footballer who made 222 appearances in the Football League playing for Birmingham, Newport County and Southend United. He played as a half back. Edwards was born in Stourbridge, Worcestershire. He began his football career with clubs in and around the Black Country before joining Football League Second Division club Birmingham in April 1913. He made his debut on 3 September 1913, in a 3–2 win at home to Stockport County, the first of a run of games at the start of that season, but played only rarely after that before the First World War put an end to League football. Edwards played as a guest for Newport County in the wartime leagues, and after the war returned to the club where he played more than 100 games in the Third Division South. In the 1927 close season Edwards joined Southend United, where he played nearly 100 games in all competitions, and went on to play for Dudley Town and Merthyr Town before retiring from the game in 1932.

text:
# Ernie Edwards

**Ernest Arthur Edwards** (17 February 1892 – after 1931) was an English professional footballer who made 222 appearances in the Football League playing for Birmingham, Newport County and Southend United. He played as a half back.

Edwards was born in Stourbridge, Worcestershire. He began his football career with clubs in and around the Black Country before joining Football League Second Division club Birmingham in April 1913. He made his debut on 3 September 1913, in a 3–2 win at home to Stockport County, the first of a run of games at the start of that season, but played only rarely after that before the First World War put an end to League football. Edwards played as a guest for Newport County in the wartime leagues, and after the war returned to the club where he played more than 100 games in the Third Division South. In the 1927 close season Edwards joined Southend United, where he played nearly 100 games in all competitions, and went on to play for Dudley Town and Merthyr Town before retiring from the game in 1932.

1. Old Blue (29 August 1914). "The 1914–15 season at hand". *Sports Argus*. Birmingham. p. 1.
2. Joyce, Michael (2004). *Football League Players' Records 1888 to 1939*. Nottingham: SoccerData (Tony Brown). p. 82. ISBN 978-1-899468-67-6.
3. Matthews, Tony (1995). *Birmingham City: A Complete Record*. Derby: Breedon Books. p. 85. ISBN 978-1-85983-010-9.
4. Matthews, pp. 160–61.
5. "Ernie Edwards". *Southend United Database*. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 26 March 2009.

## InfoBox

Ernie Edwards
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Ernest Arthur Edwards | | |
| Date of birth | (1892-02-17)17 February 1892 | | |
| Place of birth | Stourbridge, England | | |
| Place of death | Kidderminster, England | | |
| Height | 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) | | |
| Position(s) | Half back | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
|  | Old Hill Unity |  |  |
|  | West Bromwich Albion | 0 | (0) |
|  | Kidderminster Olympic |  |  |
| 1911–1913 | Redditch Town |  |  |
| 1913–1919 | Birmingham | 17 | (0) |
| 1919 | Tipton Excelsior |  |  |
| 1919 | Merthyr Town |  |  |
| 1919–1923 | Newport County | 113 | (0) |
| 1923–1926 | Southend United | 92 | (4) |
| 1926–19?? | Dudley Town |  |  |
|  | Merthyr Town | 0 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Ellen Lipton

abstract: Ellen Cogen Lipton is an American politician and patent attorney from Huntington Woods, Michigan. She currently serves on the Michigan State Board of Education. She formerly served as a member of the Michigan State House of Representatives. A Democrat, she represented the 27th State House District, which is located north of Detroit in south-east Oakland County. She was first elected in 2008, and subsequently re-elected in 2010 and 2012. She ran to represent the 11th District in the state Senate in 2014. Incumbent Vincent Gregory defeated Vicki Barnett and Ellen Lipton in the Democratic primary. In 2018, she joined the Democratic field to replace retiring Rep. Sander Levin in the 9th District of Michigan. She was defeated in the primary by Andy Levin, the retiring incumbent's son winning 42.4% to Levin's 52.4. Lipton carried the Oakland County portion of the District, while Levin carried the Macomb County section. In 2020, Lipton was nominated by the MDP to run for the State Board of Education. She won an 8 year term

text:
# Ellen Lipton

**Ellen Cogen Lipton** (born March 26, 1967) is an American politician and patent attorney from Huntington Woods, Michigan. She currently serves on the Michigan State Board of Education.

She formerly served as a member of the Michigan State House of Representatives. A Democrat, she represented the 27th State House District, which is located north of Detroit in south-east Oakland County. She was first elected in 2008, and subsequently re-elected in 2010 and 2012. She ran to represent the 11th District in the state Senate in 2014. Incumbent Vincent Gregory defeated Vicki Barnett and Ellen Lipton in the Democratic primary. In 2018, she joined the Democratic field to replace retiring Rep. Sander Levin in the 9th District of Michigan. She was defeated in the primary by Andy Levin, the retiring incumbent's son winning 42.4% to Levin's 52.4. Lipton carried the Oakland County portion of the District, while Levin carried the Macomb County section.

In 2020, Lipton was nominated by the MDP to run for the State Board of Education. She won an 8 year term

## Biography

Ellen Cogen was born to a Jewish family in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on March 26, 1967. She graduated from Altamont High School in 1984 and earned a bachelor's degree in chemistry from Williams College in 1988. She received her Juris Doctor from Harvard University in 1992. She was admitted to the State Bar of Michigan (Section of Patent, Trademark, and Copyright Law) and served as a patent attorney specializing in medicine and technology for several years.

She was formerly president of the Michigan Ambassadors for the Weizmann Institute.

## Political career

Lipton took office as representative for the 27th District on January 1, 2009, and was subsequently re-elected in November 2010, and November 2012.

The 27th District is a small suburban district located north of the city of Detroit, in south-eastern Oakland County. It includes all of the following cities: Berkley, Ferndale, Hazel Park, Huntington Woods, Oak Park, Pleasant Ridge, and Royal Oak Township. The district is overwhelmingly Democratic and is the most liberal of all Detroit-area districts. It has a median household income of $49,214, above the Michigan average. The 27th district also has a strong Jewish population.

Lipton served on the Education (Democratic vice chair), Statutory Legislative Council (Democratic vice chair), Judiciary, and Insurance Committees. She previously served on the Appropriations Committee.

Lipton's campaigns focused mainly on the economy, and her support for public education, green energy, no-fault auto insurance, embryonic stem-cell research, and protecting Michigan's natural resources. She was endorsed by EMILY's List, an organization that supports pro-choice female candidates, the Michigan Sierra Club, Michigan Clean Water Action, Equality Michigan, the Michigan AFL-CIO, *The Detroit News* and *The Detroit Free Press*.

In 2013, Lipton was named Democratic Legislator of the Year by the Michigan Information & Research Service (MIRS), and was named the Sander M. Levin Elected Official of the Year by the Oakland County Democratic Party. She was also named an Environmental Champion by the Michigan Chapter of the Sierra Club and a Clean Water Hero by the Michigan Chapter of Clean Water Action for her voting on environmental issues.

In 2014, Lipton ran to become Michigan's next state senator for the 11th District, which includes the cities of Farmington, Farmington Hills, Ferndale, Hazel Park, Huntington Woods, Lathrup Village, Madison Heights, Oak Park, Pleasant Ridge, Southfield, and Royal Oak Township. Lipton was defeated by incumbent Senator Vincent Gregory.

In 2020, Lipton ran for and won a seat on the Michigan State Board of Education, receiving more votes than any other candidate running for a Statewide education office.

## Electoral history

* 2020 campaign for Michigan State Board of Education
* (Need data)
* **2018 campaign for US House of Representatives, Democratic Primary**
    + Andy Levin (D), 52.4%
    + Ellen Cogen Lipton (D), 42.4%
    + Martin Brook (D), 5.1%
* **2014 campaign for State Senate, Democratic Primary**
    + Vincent Gregory (D), 34.7%
    + Vicki Barnett (D), 34.3%
    + Ellen Cogen Lipton (D), 31%
* **2012 campaign for State House**
    + Ellen Cogen Lipton (D), 75.6%
    + Ezra Drissman (R), 20.3%
    + John Wierzbicki (L), 4%
* **2010 campaign for State House**
    + Ellen Cogen Lipton (D), 67.55%
    + Michelangelo Fortuna III (R), 29.11%
    + John Skosnik (L), 3.34%
* **2008 campaign for State House**
    + Ellen Cogen Lipton (D), 71.41%
    + David Micola (R), 22.71%
    + Shelly Bane (G), 3.07%
    + John Skosnik (L), 2.81%

## InfoBox

| Ellen Lipton | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the Michigan House of Representatives
from the 27th district | |
| **In office**
January 1, 2009  January 1, 2015 | |
| Preceded by | Andy Meisner |
| Succeeded by | Robert Wittenberg |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1967-03-26) March 26, 1967
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse | Marc Lipton |
| Education | Williams College (BS)
Harvard University (JD) |
|  | |


title: 1977–78 Milwaukee Bucks season

abstract: The 1977–78 NBA season was the Bucks' tenth season in the NBA. The Bucks had drafted Marques Johnson from UCLA in the 1977 NBA draft.

text:
# 1977–78 Milwaukee Bucks season

The **1977–78 NBA season** was the Bucks' tenth season in the NBA. The Bucks had drafted Marques Johnson from UCLA in the 1977 NBA draft.

## Draft picks

| Round | Pick | Player | Position | Nationality | College |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 1 | Kent Benson | C | United States | Indiana |
| 1 | 3 | Marques Johnson | SF | United States | UCLA |
| 1 | 11 | Ernie Grunfeld | SG/SF | Romania
United States | Tennessee |
| 2 | 27 | Glen Williams |  | United States | St. John's |
| 3 | 47 | Gary Yoder | SG | United States | Cincinnati |
| 4 | 69 | Lewis Brown | C | United States | Nevada-Las Vegas |
| 5 | 91 | Ron Norwood |  | United States | DePaul |
| 6 | 113 | Chuck Goodyear |  | United States | Miami |
| 7 | 134 | Ron Bostic |  | United States | Detroit Mercy |
| 8 | 154 | Larry Pikes |  | United States | Wisconsin-Milwaukee |

## Roster

**1977–78 Milwaukee Bucks roster**
| Players | Coaches |
| --- | --- |
| Pos. No. Name Height Weight DOB From  54 Benson, Kent 6 ft 10 in (2.08 m) 235 lb (107 kg) 1954–12–27 Indiana  SF 2 Bridgeman, Junior 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) 210 lb (95 kg) 1953–09–17 Louisville  PG 21 Buckner, Quinn 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) 190 lb (86 kg) 1954–08–20 Indiana  51 Eakins, Jim 6 ft 11 in (2.11 m) 215 lb (98 kg) 1946–05–24 BYU  SF 22 English, Alex 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m) 190 lb (86 kg) 1954–01–05 South Carolina  40 Gianelli, John 6 ft 10 in (2.08 m) 220 lb (100 kg) 1950–06–10 Pacific  SG 20 Grunfeld, Ernie 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) 210 lb (95 kg) 1955–04–24 Tennessee  SF 8 Johnson, Marques 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m) 218 lb (99 kg) 1956–02–08 UCLA  PF 7 Meyers, Dave 6 ft 8 in (2.03 m) 215 lb (98 kg) 1953–04–21 UCLA  PG 11 Walton, Lloyd 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) 160 lb (73 kg) 1953–11–23 Marquette  SG 32 Winters, Brian 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) 185 lb (84 kg) 1952–03–01 South Carolina | Head coach Assistant coach(es)   ---  Legend * **(DP)** Unsigned draft pick * **(FA)** Free agent * **(S)** Suspended * Injured |

## Regular season

### Season standings

|  | W | L | PCT | GB | Home | Road | Div |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **y**-Denver Nuggets | 48 | 34 | .585 |  | 33–8 | 15–26 | 11–9 |
| **x**-Milwaukee Bucks | 44 | 38 | .537 | 4 | 28–13 | 16–25 | 14–6 |
| Chicago Bulls | 40 | 42 | .488 | 8 | 29–12 | 11–30 | 8–12 |
| Detroit Pistons | 38 | 44 | .463 | 10 | 24–17 | 14–27 | 8–12 |
| Indiana Pacers | 31 | 51 | .378 | 17 | 21–20 | 10–31 | 8–12 |
| Kansas City Kings | 31 | 51 | .378 | 17 | 22–19 | 9–32 | 11–9 |

| # |  | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Team | W | L | PCT | GB |
| 1 | **z**-Portland Trail Blazers | 58 | 24 | .707 |  |
| 2 | **y**-Denver Nuggets | 48 | 34 | .585 | 10 |
| 3 | **x**-Phoenix Suns | 49 | 33 | .598 | 9 |
| 4 | **x**-Seattle SuperSonics | 47 | 35 | .573 | 11 |
| 5 | **x**-Los Angeles Lakers | 45 | 37 | .549 | 13 |
| 6 | **x**-Milwaukee Bucks | 44 | 38 | .537 | 14 |
|  | | | | | |
| 7 | Golden State Warriors | 43 | 39 | .524 | 15 |
| 8 | Chicago Bulls | 40 | 42 | .488 | 18 |
| 9 | Detroit Pistons | 38 | 44 | .463 | 20 |
| 10 | Indiana Pacers | 31 | 51 | .378 | 27 |
| 11 | Kansas City Kings | 31 | 51 | .378 | 27 |

**z** – clinched division title **y** – clinched division title **x** – clinched playoff spot

### Record vs. opponents

| 1977–78 NBA Records | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | ATL | BOS | BUF | CHI | CLE | DEN | DET | GSW | HOU | IND | KCK | LAL | MIL | NJN | NOJ | NYK | PHI | PHO | POR | SAS | SEA | WAS |
| Atlanta |  | 2–2 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 2–1 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 2–1 | 1–3 |
| Boston | 2–2 |  | 3–1 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 2–1 | 2–2 | 1–2 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 0–4 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 0–4 | 0–4 | 1–3 |
| Buffalo | 1–3 | 1–3 |  | 3–1 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 0–3 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 1–2 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 0–4 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 1–3 |
| Chicago | 3–1 | 3–1 | 1–3 |  | 3–1 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 0–4 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 1–2 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 3–0 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 2–1 |
| Cleveland | 3–1 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 1–3 |  | 3–1 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 2–1 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 1–2 | 0–4 | 0–4 | 3–1 | 2–2 |
| Denver | 3–1 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 1–3 |  | 2–2 | 2–2 | 3–0 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 2–1 | 1–3 | 3–1 |
| Detroit | 2–2 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 2–2 |  | 2–2 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 3–0 | 0–4 | 0–4 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 2–2 |
| Golden State | 3–1 | 2–2 | 3–0 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 2–2 |  | 2–1 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 0–4 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 0–4 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 2–2 |
| Houston | 1–3 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 0–3 | 1–3 | 1–2 |  | 3–1 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 0–4 | 1–3 |
| Indiana | 1–3 | 1–2 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 1–2 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 1–3 |  | 2–2 | 1–3 | 0–4 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 3–1 |
| Kansas City | 1–2 | 2–2 | 2–1 | 4–0 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 2–2 |  | 2–2 | 0–4 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 0–4 | 1–3 | 0–4 | 0–4 | 0–4 | 1–3 | 2–2 |
| Los Angeles | 1–3 | 2–1 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 4–0 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 2–2 |  | 3–1 | 4–0 | 2–1 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 0–4 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 2–2 |
| Milwaukee | 2–2 | 1–3 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 4–0 | 4–0 | 1–3 |  | 3–1 | 2–1 | 3–1 | 1–2 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 3–1 |
| New Jersey | 1–3 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 2–1 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 0–4 | 1–3 |  | 0–4 | 1–3 | 0–4 | 2–2 | 0–3 | 0–4 | 2–2 | 2–2 |
| New Orleans | 2–2 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 4–0 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 1–2 | 1–2 | 4–0 |  | 1–3 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 0–4 |
| New York | 2–2 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 3–1 | 3–0 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 4–0 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 3–1 | 3–1 |  | 1–3 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 2–1 | 2–2 |
| Philadelphia | 2–2 | 4–0 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 4–0 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 2–1 | 4–0 | 2–2 | 3–1 |  | 2–1 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 2–2 |
| Phoenix | 1–3 | 2–2 | 4–0 | 2–2 | 2–1 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 4–0 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 1–2 |  | 1–3 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 2–2 |
| Portland | 3–1 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 4–0 | 1–3 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 4–0 | 4–0 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 3–0 | 2–2 | 3–1 |  | 2–2 | 3–1 | 2–1 |
| San Antonio | 3–1 | 4–0 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 4–0 | 1–2 | 2–1 | 1–3 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 4–0 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 4–0 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 2–2 |  | 2–2 | 2–2 |
| Seattle | 1–2 | 4–0 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 4–0 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 2–1 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 2–2 |  | 1–3 |
| Washington | 3–1 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 1–2 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 4–0 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 1–2 | 2–2 | 3–1 |  |

### Game log

| 1977–78 game log
Total: 44–38 (home: 6–1; road: 0–2) |
| --- |
|
| October: 3–2 (home: 3–0; road: 0–2)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Record  1 October 18, 1977 Los Angeles W 117–112    **MECCA Arena** 1–0  2 October 19, 1977 @ Denver L 115–133    McNichols Sports Arena 1—1  3 October 22, 1977 Chicago W 113–95    **MECCA Arena** 2–1  4 October 27, 1977 @ Houston L 110–133    The Summit 2—2  5 October 30, 1977 Seattle W 108–95    **MECCA Arena** 3–2 |
| November: 2–3 (home: 2–2; road: 0–1)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Record  6 November 1, 1977 Kansas City W 115–95    **MECCA Arena** 4–2  7 November 3, 1977 @ Cleveland L 91—100    Coliseum at Richfield 4–3  8 November 4, 1977 Houston W 110–108    **MECCA Arena** 5–3  9 November 8, 1977 Denver L 101–111    **MECCA Arena** 5–4  11 November 11, 1977 Cleveland L 82–88    **MECCA Arena** 6–5 |
| December: 1–0 (home: 1–0; road: 0–0)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Record  24 December 4, 1977 New Jersey W 134–118 OT    **MECCA Arena** 13–11 |
| January: 2–0 (home: 2–0; road: 0–0)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Record  42 January 10, 1978 Indiana W 125–103    **MECCA Arena** 25–19  48 January 22, 1978 Chicago W 112–90    **MECCA Arena** 26–22 |
| February: 1–0 (home: 1–0; road: 0–0)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Record  57 February 15, 1978 New Orleans W 112–99    **MECCA Arena** 29–28 |
| March: 0–0 (home: 0–0; road: 0–0)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Record |
| April: 0–0 (home: 0–0; road: 0–0)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Record |
| 1977–78 schedule | |

## Playoffs

| 1978 playoff game log |
| --- |
|
| First Round: 2–0 (home: 1–0; road: 1–0)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Series  1 April 11 @ Phoenix W 111–103 Brian Winters (31) Marques Johnson (16) Quinn Buckner (8) Arizona Veterans Memorial Coliseum
12,161 1–0  2 April 14 Phoenix W 94–90 Marques Johnson (33) Dave Meyers (14) Quinn Buckner (10) MECCA Arena
10,938 2–0 |
| Conference semifinals: 3–4 (home: 2–1; road: 1–3)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Series  1 April 18 @ Denver L 103–119 Alex English (26) Dave Meyers (15) Brian Winters (11) McNichols Sports Arena
17,297 0–1  2 April 21 @ Denver L 111–127 Marques Johnson (22) Johnson, Meyers (5) Lloyd Walton (8) McNichols Sports Arena
17,838 0–2  3 April 23 Denver W 143–112 Marques Johnson (35) Marques Johnson (10) Lloyd Walton (11) MECCA Arena
10,938 1–2  4 April 25 Denver L 104–118 Johnson, Winters (14) Marques Johnson (7) Brian Winters (6) MECCA Arena
10,938 1–3  5 April 28 @ Denver W 117–112 Marques Johnson (34) Marques Johnson (17) Winters, Buckner (9) McNichols Sports Arena
17,838 2–3  6 April 30 Denver W 119–91 Alex English (21) Marques Johnson (17) Marques Johnson (9) MECCA Arena
10,938 3–3  7 May 3 @ Denver L 110–116 Brian Winters (27) Marques Johnson (16) Quinn Buckner (10) McNichols Sports Arena
17,838 3–4 |
| 1978 schedule | |

## Player statistics

Legend
| GP | Games played | GS | Games started | MPG | Minutes per game |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| FG% | Field-goal percentage | 3P% | 3-point field-goal percentage | FT% | Free-throw percentage |
| RPG | Rebounds per game | APG | Assists per game | SPG | Steals per game |
| BPG | Blocks per game | PPG | Points per game |  |  |

### Season

Season
| Player | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3FG% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Brian Winters | 80 |  | 34.4 | 46.3 |  | 84.0 | 3.1 | 4.9 | 1.6 | 0.3 | 19.9 |
| Marques Johnson | 80 |  | 34.6 | 52.2 |  | 73.6 | 10.6 | 2.4 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 19.5 |
| Dave Meyers | 80 |  | 30.2 | 46.1 |  | 72.2 | 6.7 | 3.0 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 14.7 |
| Junior Bridgeman | 82 |  | 22.9 | 50.3 |  | 81.0 | 3.5 | 2.1 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 13.6 |
| Alex English | 82 |  | 18.9 | 54.2 |  | 72.7 | 4.8 | 1.6 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 9.6 |
| Quinn Buckner | 82 |  | 25.3 | 46.8 |  | 64.5 | 3.0 | 5.6 | 2.3 | 0.2 | 9.3 |
| John Gianelli | 82 |  | 28.4 | 48.8 |  | 64.2 | 6.2 | 2.3 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 8.5 |
| Kent Benson | 69 |  | 18.7 | 46.5 |  | 65.2 | 4.3 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 7.7 |
| Ernie Grunfeld | 73 |  | 17.3 | 44.3 |  | 65.7 | 2.7 | 2.0 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 6.9 |
| Lloyd Walton | 76 |  | 16.6 | 44.8 |  | 65.1 | 1.0 | 3.3 | 1.0 | 0.2 | 4.8 |
| Kevin Restani | 8 |  | 10.5 | 46.4 |  | 0.0 | 1.8 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 3.3 |
| Jim Eakins | 17 |  | 9.1 | 41.2 |  | 80.8 | 1.7 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 2.9 |
| Rich Laurel | 10 |  | 5.7 | 32.3 |  | 100.0 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2.4 |
| Scott Lloyd | 14 |  | 8.0 | 36.4 |  | 60.0 | 1.9 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 2.1 |

### Playoffs

Playoffs
| Player | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3FG% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Marques Johnson | 9 |  | 35.7 | 54.9 |  | 75.0 | 12.4 | 3.4 | 1.1 | 1.9 | 24.0 |
| Brian Winters | 9 |  | 33.9 | 49.7 |  | 74.1 | 3.3 | 6.4 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 20.4 |
| Alex English | 9 |  | 23.1 | 61.5 |  | 78.1 | 4.7 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 13.4 |
| Dave Meyers | 9 |  | 31.0 | 44.4 |  | 66.7 | 8.2 | 3.9 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 12.9 |
| Quinn Buckner | 9 |  | 28.6 | 50.0 |  | 65.2 | 3.0 | 6.9 | 2.0 | 0.1 | 11.2 |
| Junior Bridgeman | 9 |  | 19.8 | 48.4 |  | 75.0 | 2.0 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 0.2 | 10.4 |
| John Gianelli | 9 |  | 32.2 | 42.4 |  | 76.9 | 6.4 | 1.6 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 7.8 |
| Ernie Grunfeld | 7 |  | 11.0 | 53.1 |  | 80.0 | 1.6 | 2.4 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 5.4 |
| Lloyd Walton | 9 |  | 13.8 | 48.6 |  | 61.5 | 0.4 | 4.1 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 4.7 |
| Kent Benson | 9 |  | 11.4 | 47.8 |  | 54.5 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 3.1 |
| Jim Eakins | 3 |  | 6.0 | 20.0 |  | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.7 |

## Awards and records

* Quinn Buckner, NBA All-Defensive Second Team
* Marques Johnson, NBA All-Rookie Team 1st Team
* On Friday, November 25, 1977, the day after Thanksgiving, and on the road, the Bucks overcame the largest 4th quarter deficit in NBA history, defeating the Atlanta Hawks after being down by 29 points with only 8:43 left in the game. Atlanta led 111–82 before Milwaukee went on a 35–4 run to win 117–115 in regulation. This record was set without the use of the three-point field goal, since its NBA inception was not until the 1979–80 season.

## Transactions

### Trades

### Free agents

| **Player** | **Signed** | **Former team** |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Jim Eakins | January 13, 1978 | San Antonio Spurs |

## InfoBox

| 1977–78 Milwaukee Bucks season | |
| --- | --- |
| Head coach | Don Nelson |
| Arena | MECCA Arena |
| Results | |
| Record | 4438 (.537) |
| Place | Division: 2nd (Midwest)
Conference: 6th (Western) |
| Playoff finish | West Conference semifinals
(lost to Nuggets 3–4) |
| ---  Stats at **Basketball-Reference.com** | |
| Local media | |
| Television | WVTV |
| Radio | WTMJ |
|


title: Arkell Spring Grounds

abstract: The Arkell Spring Grounds is an aquifer-fed spring located in Arkell, Ontario, Canada. The spring is owned by the city of Guelph and provides local residents with the majority of their drinking water.

text:
# Arkell Spring Grounds

The **Arkell Spring Grounds** is an aquifer-fed spring located in Arkell, Ontario, Canada. The spring is owned by the city of Guelph and provides local residents with the majority of their drinking water.

## History

Guelph began using groundwater as a principal source of drinking water in 1879 and began exploiting the Arkell Spring in 1903, though no agreement between Arkell and Guelph was formalized until 1908. Construction began on a watercourse to the city in August 1908 but was slowed by the spring water welling up into the trench being dug by work crews, and in October and November of that year, the work crews used dynamite as a way of quickly clearing the route. Arkell Springs was the site of the first tree planting campaign to protect a Canadian city's water supply.

After authorities in the United States uncovered an alleged conspiracy by German saboteurs to destroy infrastructure in the USA and Canada, fears of similar plots emerged in Guelph. In July 1915, the *Guelph Mercury* newspaper reported on rumours of an attack against the community, suggesting that the immigrant community in the St. Patrick's Ward neighbourhood had sabotaged the pipeline which transported water from the Arkell Spring to the city, and blamed them for an outbreak of disease that had occurred earlier in the year. At the time, the neighbourhood had more immigrants than anywhere else in Guelph, many of them coming from German, Austrian, and other European countries. The scare prompted an investigation by Ontario's Provincial Board of Health, which sent a team of physicians and a sanitary inspector to inspect the pipeline. While the pipe had not been sabotaged, the team discovered that cracks in the water main had allowed swamp water contaminated with animal droppings to mix with the water from Arkell Spring, and Guelph was put on a boil-water advisory until repairs could be made.

In the 1960s, the city of Guelph began establishing modern wells on the Arkell Spring Grounds that have remained in continuous operation ever since. Beginning with Arkell 7 in 1964, Guelph has established five additional wells in the area: Arkell 1 and Arkell 6 in 1967; Arkell 8 in 1989; and Arkell 14 and Arkell 15 in 2012. The Arkell Aqueduct was also constructed in 1964. Canadian geographer Paul Birchan has suggested Guelph's use of the Arkell Spring played a major role in Guelph residents overwhelmingly voting against fluoridation in 1964 and 1972.

The Arkell Springs Grounds were shut down in April 2020 in compliance with provincial restrictions meant to limit the spread of COVID-19 but reopened in February 2021.

## Hydrology

The water which wells up at the Arkell Springs is groundwater. When rain falls in the area, it sinks into the ground and is filtered through vegetation before being deposited at the bedrock. The Arkell Spring Grounds are situated above the Dyer Bay, Rockway (possibly Reynales), and Fossil Hill Formations, geological formations which are themselves rested on top of the Cabot Head Shale. The Amabel and Guelph Formations have been found as outcrops on the grounds' eastern and western fringes, respectively.

Guelph is one of the largest cities in Canada which uses groundwater as its principal source of water. An estimated 55-80% of the city's water supply is derived from the Arkell Spring Grounds, located in the municipal "Southeast Quadrant" well system. Although located outside the city limits, the Arkell Springs Grounds exist on a 350 hectares (860 acres) plot owned by the City of Guelph. The six wells on this property range 14.2–44.2 metres (47–145 ft) in depth and are located next to natural heritage lands. Most of the Arkell wells produce 6,500 m3 of water per day but the most shallow well, Arkell 1, draws only 2,000 m3 per day. The city collects groundwater from Arkell Springs using small pipes which empty into the Arkell Aqueduct, a non-pressurized gravity aqueduct made of concrete, transporting the water 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) to F.M. Woods Pumping Station and Reservoir, a water filtration facility where it is treated with sodium hypochlorite.

To supplement the groundwater supply during the yearly high-demand period between April and November, an artificial recharge system draws water from the Eramosa River into an infiltration trench, keeping the spring filled up to a potentiometric surface so that it can remain at full capacity even as demand from the city drains it. Of this, roughly 50% of the water taken from the river is recovered while the remainder returns to the river; a 2017 survey using infrared imagery found several groundwater seeps where the Arkell Spring feeds into the Eramosa River. A 1982 report by the Grand River Implementation Committee determined that the recharge system would allow the city of Guelph to keep up with demand for drinking water until 2031, and recommended the Arkell Springs system be expanded by 2021; a 2014 report suggested that demand would actually outmatch supply by 2023. A Class Environmental Assessment performed by Guelph between 1999 and 2006 investigated the potential expansion of the Arkell Springs system, and a 2009 study found that the Eramosa/Arkell Intake was the only subwatershed of the Grand River at risk of being stressed by local demand. Additional bedrock wells installed during the 2011-2012 season have increased the system's output by 6,900-8,000 m3 per day.

Municipal studies have investigated the possibility that the water could become contaminated by chemical spills and pollution from the Eramosa River.

## Conservation

In 1964, red pine plantations were established around the Arkell Spring Grounds. An initiative by the Guelph municipal government is reforesting the Arkell Spring area to improve the amount and quality of groundwater available. As the introduced red pine population thins due to poor soil conditions and overpopulation, the Guelph municipal government seeds endemic plants to replace them and create a more diverse forest environment. Rather than allow the pines to die off naturally, they are cut down outside of wildlife breeding seasons, with some being removed while others are left to decompose.

Nearby landowners have also contributed to diversifying the woodland. In early 2007, the owners of the Cove Valley Farm in Halton, which borders the Arkell Spring area, were granted the 2006 Watershed Award by the Grand River Conservation Authority for conservation efforts such as the planting of 7,000 white pines beginning in 1980 and their construction of a roofed manure storage area which limits the amount of runoff pollution entering the groundwater reserves.

## Recreation

The Arkell Spring Grounds is not a public park. However, certain sections of the property are managed by the Guelph Hiking Club and the Guelph Off-Road Biking Association (GORBA). The two groups maintain over a dozen marked trails on the Arkell Spring Grounds. Only members of their organizations are allowed to use the trails on the property.

There are roughly 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) of trails on the Arkell Spring Grounds. Hiking trails are maintained by the Guelph Hiking Club and marked with red and blue signage, while bike paths are maintained by GORBA and have yellow and green signage. Mixed-use trails are maintained by both organizations. Common hazards encountered on the property include large rocks, above-ground roots, and steep inclines.

The sections of the Arkell Spring Grounds which are not accessible by marked trails are considered off-limits in order to protect the water supply and limit visitors' exposure to hazards. Some former trails have been made into operational areas that are now closed to visitors.

There are no parking areas for vehicles on the Arkell Spring Grounds or any adjacent roads, limiting access to the property.


title: Austin Warren (baseball)

abstract: Austin Davis Warren is an American professional baseball pitcher for the San Francisco Giants of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the Los Angeles Angels.

text:
# Austin Warren (baseball)

**Austin Davis Warren** (born February 5, 1996) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the San Francisco Giants of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the Los Angeles Angels.

## Amateur career

Warren attended Terry Sanford High School in Fayetteville, North Carolina. In addition to being a starter, Warren also posted a .387 batting average with 55 RBIs throughout his high school career. After graduating high school, Warren spent two seasons at Wake Technical Community College as a pitcher and middle infielder. As a sophomore, he posted a .302 batting average with 14 RBIs, while also putting up a 2.69 ERA over 67 innings on the mound. Warren transferred to University of North Carolina Wilmington after his sophomore year. In his junior year, he went 2–5 with a 6.51 ERA and 52 strikeouts in 47 innings pitched. In his senior year, Warren went 8–0 with a 1.11 ERA in a team-high 28 appearances. The Seahawks would go on to win the Colonial Athletic Association tournament title that year.

## Professional career

### Los Angeles Angels

In the 2018 Major League Baseball draft, the Los Angeles Angels selected Warren in the sixth round, with the 181st overall pick. He began his 2018 season with the Orem Owlz, later finishing with the Single-A Burlington Bees. Warren was promoted to the Low-A Inland Empire 66ers to begin 2019, later finishing with the Double-A Mobile BayBears. Warren did not pitch in 2020 due to the cancellation of the minor league season caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. He began his 2021 season with the Triple-A Salt Lake Bees. In 36.1 innings, Warren posted a 6.19 ERA, striking out 27.1% of opposing hitters with a 10.8% walk rate.

Warren was called up to the majors for the first time on July 28, 2021. He made his debut the following night, pitching 1+13 scoreless innings in relief against the Oakland Athletics. On August 6, Warren picked up his first major league win against the Los Angeles Dodgers, pitching 2.1 scoreless innings. He finished his rookie campaign with a 1.77 ERA with 20 strikeouts across 16 relief appearances for the Angels. Warren made 14 appearances for Los Angeles in 2022, working to a 2–0 record and 5.63 ERA with nine strikeouts in 16 innings pitched.

On January 9, 2023, Warren was designated for assignment by the Angels following the signing of Brett Phillips. He cleared waivers and was sent outright to Triple-A Salt Lake on January 13. Warren began the 2023 season with Salt Lake, making 5 scoreless appearances with 8 strikeouts and 3 walks in 7.0 innings pitched. On April 21, his contract was selected to the active roster. He made two appearances before being shut down due to injury. On May 5, 2023, it was revealed that Warren would require Tommy John surgery, ending his season.

On February 7, 2024, Warren was designated for assignment by the Angels following the acquisition of Guillermo Zuñiga. He was released by the Angels the following day.

### San Francisco Giants

On February 14, 2024, Warren signed a one-year contract with the San Francisco Giants. He was activated from the injured list and optioned to the Triple–A Sacramento River Cats on July 13.

## InfoBox

| Austin Warren | |
| --- | --- |
| San Francisco Giants – No. 57 | |
| **Pitcher** | |
| **Born:**  (1996-02-05) February 5, 1996
Fayetteville, North Carolina, U.S. | |
| **Bats:** Right**Throws:** Right | |
| MLB debut | |
| July 29, 2021, for the Los Angeles Angels | |
| MLB statistics
(through 2024 season) | |
| Win–loss record | 6–0 |
| Earned run average | 3.14 |
| Strikeouts | 38 |
|  | |
| Teams | |
|  | |


title: Erigeron watsonii

abstract: Erigeron watsonii is a rare North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name Watson's fleabane. It in the mountainous areas of the western United States, in the states of Idaho, Nevada, and Utah. Erigeron watsonii grows on rocky slopes in open areas featuring sagebrush or pine woodlands. It is a small perennial herb rarely more than 10 centimeters tall, producing a thin taproot and a branching woody caudex. It generally produces only one flower head per stem, but sometimes two. Each head contains 13–25 white or pink ray florets, surrounding numerous yellow disc florets.

text:
# Erigeron watsonii

***Erigeron watsonii*** is a rare North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name **Watson's fleabane**. It in the mountainous areas of the western United States, in the states of Idaho, Nevada, and Utah.

*Erigeron watsonii* grows on rocky slopes in open areas featuring sagebrush or pine woodlands. It is a small perennial herb rarely more than 10 centimeters (4 inches) tall, producing a thin taproot and a branching woody caudex. It generally produces only one flower head per stem, but sometimes two. Each head contains 13–25 white or pink ray florets, surrounding numerous yellow disc florets.

## InfoBox

| *Erigeron watsonii* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Genus: | *Erigeron* |
| Species: | ***E. watsonii*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Erigeron watsonii***<br>(A.Gray) Cronquist | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Aster watsonii* A.Gray * *Erigeron watsoni* (A.Gray) Cronquist * *Asterigeron watsonii* (A.Gray) Rydb. * *Aster watsoni* A.Gray | |


title: 2016 Sunshine Ladies Tour

abstract: The 2016 Sunshine Ladies Tour was the 3rd season of the Sunshine Ladies Tour, a series of professional golf tournaments for women based in South Africa.

text:
# 2016 Sunshine Ladies Tour

The **2016 Sunshine Ladies Tour** was the 3rd season of the Sunshine Ladies Tour, a series of professional golf tournaments for women based in South Africa.

## Schedule

The season consisted of 9 events, all held in South Africa, played between November 2015 and March 2016.

| Date | Tournament | Venue | Winner | Purse
(ZAR) | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Dec 1 | South African Women's Open | San Lameer Country Club | Lee-Anne Pace | 250,000 |  |
| Jan 20 | Joburg Ladies Open | Royal Johannesburg &
Kensington Golf Club | Lee-Anne Pace | 200,000 |  |
| Jan 27 | Chase to Investec Cup Houghton | Houghton Golf Club | Rebecca Hudson | 200,000 |  |
| Feb 4 | Ladies Tshwane Open | Zwartkop Country Club | Monique Smit | 200,000 |  |
| Feb 12 | Cape Town Ladies Open | Royal Cape Golf Club | Lee-Anne Pace | 200,000 |  |
| Feb 21 | Dimension Data Ladies Challenge | George Golf Club | Lee-Anne Pace | 350,000 |  |
| Feb 26 | Sun International Ladies Challenge | Gary Player Country Club | Bertine Strauss | 200,000 |  |
| Mar 4 | SuperSport Ladies Challenge | Huddle Park Golf Club | Bertine Strauss | 200,000 |  |
| Mar 12 | Chase to Investec Cup Final | Millvale Private Retreat | Bertine Strauss | 1,000,000 |  |

## Order of Merit

This shows the leaders in the final Order of Merit.

| Rank | Player | Points |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Lee-Anne Pace | 2,250 |
| 2 | Bertine Strauss | 1,973 |
| 3 | Monique Smit | 1,896 |
| 4 | Rebecca Hudson | 1,670 |
| 5 | Ashleigh Buhai | 1,575 |

Source:

## InfoBox

2016 Sunshine Ladies Tour season
| Duration | November 2015 (2015-11) – March 2016 (2016-03) |
| --- | --- |
| Number of official events | 9 |
| Most wins | 4:
Lee-Anne Pace |
| Order of Merit winner | Lee-Anne Pace |
| 2015 2017 | |


title: Asura biseriata

abstract: Asura biseriata is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found on Borneo. The habitat consists of lowland areas.

text:
# Asura biseriata

***Asura biseriata*** is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found on Borneo. The habitat consists of lowland areas.

## InfoBox

| *Asura biseriata* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Subfamily: | Arctiinae |
| Genus: | *Asura* |
| Species: | ***A. biseriata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Asura biseriata***<br>Hampson, 1900 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Lyclene biseriata* | |


title: 1968 Cork Senior Football Championship

abstract: The 1968 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 80th staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 28 January 1968. The championship began on 7 April 1968 and ended on 6 October 1968. Beara entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by University College Cork at the quarter-final stage. On 6 October 1968, Carbery won the championship following a 1-09 to 1-06 defeat of Clonakilty in a final replay. This was their second championship title overall and their first title since 1937. Clonakilty's Tim F. Hayes was the championship's top scorer with 0-26.

text:
# 1968 Cork Senior Football Championship

The **1968 Cork Senior Football Championship** was the 80th staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 28 January 1968. The championship began on 7 April 1968 and ended on 6 October 1968.

Beara entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by University College Cork at the quarter-final stage.

On 6 October 1968, Carbery won the championship following a 1-09 to 1-06 defeat of Clonakilty in a final replay. This was their second championship title overall and their first title since 1937.

Clonakilty's Tim F. Hayes was the championship's top scorer with 0-26.

## Team changes

### To Championship

Promoted from the Cork Intermediate Football Championship

## Results

### First round

| 19 May 1968 First round | **St. Finbarr's** | **1-07 - 1-12** | **St. Nicholas'** | Cork Athletic Grounds |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | D Murphy 1-0, C Roche 0-3, G McCarthy 0-1, N Ahern 0-1, M Horgan 0-1, B Murphy 0-1. |  | D Coughlan 1-2, J Daly 0-4, P Harte 0-3, D O'Driscoll 0-2, B Carroll 0-1. |  |

### Second round

| 7 April 1968 Second round | **Na Piarsaigh** | **0-03 - 2-14** | **Seandún** | Cork Athletic Grounds |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | T Nott 0-2, D O'Leary 0-1. |  | F O'Connell 0-7, B Hurley 1-2, L McAuliffe 1-1, E O'Brien 0-3, T McAuliffe 0-1. |  |

| 7 April 1968 Second round | **Avondhu** | **0-13 - 1-08** | **Mitchelstown** | Páirc Mac Gearailt |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | J Horgan 0-8, D Ahern 0-2, W McAuliffe 0-2, T Monaghan 0-1. |  | J Barrett 0-5, M Smyth 1-0, R Honohan 0-3. |  |

| 7 April 1968 Second round | **Duhallow** | **0-06 - 0-09** | **Clonakilty** | Castle Grounds |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | W O'Leary 0-2, W O'Leary 0-2, D Morley 0-1, D Long 0-1. |  | TF Hayes 0-9. |  |

| 7 April 1968 Second round | **Beara** | **1-09 - 0-05** | **Carrigdhoun** | Rossa Park |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | M O'Regan 0-7, D Wiseman 1-0, C O'Sullivan 0-1, B O'Neill 0-1. |  | R Wylie 0-2, C Cooney 0-1, J Enright 0-1, M Begley 0-1. |  |

| 14 April 1968 Second round | **Macroom** | **1-09 - 0-13** | **Urhan** | Wolfe Tone Park |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | M McSweeney 0-5, M Kelleher 1-0, N Fitzgerald 0-3, D Judgle 0-1. |  | C O'Sullivan 0-7, P Foley 0-2, P O'Sullivan 0-2, JJ Murphy 0-1, S O'Neill 0-1. |  |

| 5 May 1968 Second round | **Carbery** | **4-05 - 0-04** | **Muskerry** | Charlie Hurley Park |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | J Carroll 2-0, M Farr 1-1, N Kehilly 1-1, D Hunt 0-2, T Holland 0-1. |  | M Buckley 0-4, F Cooper 0-1. |  |

| 19 May 1968 Second round | **Nemo Rangers** | **2-09 - 1-11** | **Imokilly** | Riverstown Sportsfield |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | J McCarthy 1-3, J Cooke 1-2, G Allen 0-1, D Barrett 0-1, B Barrett 0-1, M O'Driscoll 0-1. |  | A O'Donoghue 1-3, M Cronin 0-2, W Glavin 0-2, P O'Sullivan 0-1, P Fitzgerald 0-1. |  |

| 30 June 1968 Second round | **University College Cork** | **4-08 - 1-08** | **St. Nicholas'** | Cork Athletic Grounds |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | B Lynch 2-3, M Power 1-0, J O'O'Donoghue 1-0, E Philpott 0-1, E Ryan 0-1, C O'Sullivan 0-1, G O'Herlihy 0-1, P O'Doherty 0-1. |  | J Daly 0-5, D Moore 1-0, P Hurley 0-2, P Harte 0-1. |  |

### Quarter-finals

| 19 May 1968 Quarter-final | **Clonakilty** | **4-04 - 1-10** | **Urhan** | Wolfe Tone Park |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | N Lane 2-0, T Hayes 1-0, TF Hayes 0-3, J O'Shea 0-1. |  | C O'Sullivan 1-7, J O'Neill 0-1, JJ Murphy 0-1, P Foley 0-1. |  |

| 9 June 1968 Quarter-final | **Seandún** | **0-10 - 0-05** | **Avondhu** | Clonmult Memorial Park |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | N O'Keeffe 0-4, E O'Brien 0-3, B Larkin 0-2, B Meade 0-1. |  | N Kirby 0-2, J Farrell 0-1, F Sheedy 0-1, T Monaghan 0-1. |  |

| 7 July 1968 Quarter-final | **Carbery** | **w/o - scr.** | **Nemo Rangers** | Kinsale Grounds |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

| 11 August 1968 Quarter-final | **University College Cork** | **1-09 - 1-06** | **Beara** | Sam Maguire Park |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | B Lynch 0-5, R Cummins 1-0, B O'Keeffe 0-2, P Doherty 0-1, E Ryan 0-1. |  | M O'Regan 1-3, B O'Neill 0-2, M O'Sullivan 0-1. |  |

### Semi-finals

| 28 July 1968 Semi-final | **Clonakilty** | **0-10 - 1-06** | **Seandún** | Charlie Hurley Park |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | TF Hayes 0-5, T Hayes 0-2, F Hayes 0-1, N Lane 0-1, P O'Sullivan 0-1. |  | L McAuliffe 1-0, P Barry 0-2, T O'Neill 0-1, N O'Keeffe 0-1, T Cuthbert 0-1, D McCarthy 0-1. |  |

| 1 September 1968 Semi-final | **Carbery** | **5-05 - 1-09** | **University College Cork** | Clonakilty Grounds |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | B Evans 2-0, J Carroll 1-1, M Farr 1-0, N Kehilly 1-0, B Desmond 0-2, T Holland 0-2. |  | B Lynch 1-3, E Ryan 0-2, T Murphy 0-1, R Cummins 0-1, M Power 0-1, P O'Donoghue 0-1. |  |

### Finals

| 29 September 1968 Final | **Carbery** | **0-09 - 0-09** | **Clonakilty** | Cork Athletic Grounds |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | T Holland 0-4, D Hunt 0-1, B Evans 0-1, B Desmond 0-1, D Kehilly 0-1, J Carroll 0-1. |  | TF Hayes 0-5, H de Long 0-2, F Hayes 0-2. | Attendance: 11,222
Referee: J Dennigan (Fermoy) |

| 6 October 1968 Final replay | **Carbery** | **1-09 - 1-06** | **Clonakilty** | Cork Athletic Grounds |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | D Hunt 1-3, T Holland 0-3, B Desmond 0-3. |  | TF Hayes 0-4, H de Long 1-0, P O'Sullivan 0-1, P Hayes 0-1. | Attendance: 11,352
Referee: J Dennigan (Fermoy) |

## Championship statistics

### Top scorers

Overall

| Rank | Player | Club | Tally | Total | Matches | Average |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Tim F. Hayes | Clonakilty | 0-26 | 26 | 5 | 5.20 |
| 2 | Brendan Lynch | UCC | 3-11 | 20 | 3 | 6.66 |
| 3 | Con O'Sullivan | Urhan | 1-14 | 17 | 2 | 8.50 |
| 4 | Mick O'Regan | Beara | 1-10 | 13 | 2 | 6.50 |
| 5 | Johnny Carroll | Carbery | 3-02 | 11 | 4 | 2.75 |

In a single game

| Rank | Player | Club | Tally | Total | Opposition |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Con O'Sullivan | Urhan | 1-07 | 10 | Clonakilty |
| 2 | Brendan Lynch | UCC | 2-03 | 9 | St. Nicholas' |
| | Tim F. Hayes | Clonakilty | 0-09 | 9 | Duhallow |
| 4 | Jerry Horgan | Avondhu | 0-08 | 8 | Mitchelstown |
| 5 | Con O'Sullivan | Urhan | 0-07 | 7 | Macroom |
| | Frank O'Connell | Seandún | 0-07 | 7 | Na Piarsaigh |
| | Mick O'Regan | Beara | 0-07 | 7 | Carrigdhoun |

### Miscellaneous

* Carbery win the title for the first time since 1937.
* Seandún qualified for the semi-final stage of the championship for the first time.
* Nemo Rangers withdrew from the championship after the club's request to move their fixture with Carbery.

## InfoBox

1968 Cork Senior Football Championship
| Dates | 7 April 1968 – 6 October 1968 |
| --- | --- |
| Teams | 17 |
| Champions | Carbery (2nd title)
Frank Kehilly (captain) |
| Runners-up | Clonakilty
Kevin Dillon (captain) |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 16 |
| Goals scored | 35 (2.19 per match) |
| Points scored | 260 (16.25 per match) |
| Top scorer(s) | Tim F. Hayes (0-26) |
| 1967 (Previous) (Next) 1969 | |