title: 100th Fighter Squadron

abstract: The 100th Fighter Squadron is a unit of the Alabama Air National Guard 187th Fighter Wing located at Dannelly Field, Alabama. The 100th is equipped with the Lockheed Martin F-35A Lightning II. The 100th FS was one of the Tuskegee Airmen squadrons during World War II, one of the famous all-black squadrons of the 332d Fighter Group, activated on 19 February 1942 at Tuskegee Army Air Field, Alabama. It was returned to duty in 2007 as a replacement of the Alabama ANG 160th Fighter Squadron so the state could honor the legacy of the Tuskegee Airmen.

text:
# 100th Fighter Squadron

The **100th Fighter Squadron (100 FS)** is a unit of the Alabama Air National Guard 187th Fighter Wing located at Dannelly Field, Alabama. The 100th is equipped with the Lockheed Martin F-35A Lightning II.

The 100th FS was one of the Tuskegee Airmen squadrons during World War II, one of the famous all-black squadrons of the 332d Fighter Group, activated on 19 February 1942 at Tuskegee Army Air Field, Alabama. It was returned to duty in 2007 as a replacement of the Alabama ANG 160th Fighter Squadron so the state could honor the legacy of the Tuskegee Airmen.

## History

### World War II

Established in February 1942 at Tuskegee Army Airfield, Alabama to train African-American flight cadets graduated from the Tuskegee Institute Army contract flying school. At Tuskegee, the squadron performed advanced combat flying training. As the number of graduated from the Tuskegee school grew, two additional squadrons the 301st and 302d Fighter Squadrons were activated at Tuskegee Army Airfield, forming the 332d Fighter Group.

Due to the segregated status of the Army Air Forces in 1942 and the reluctance by the service to deploy African Americans into combat, the 332d remained in an extended training status. The Group was transferred to Selfridge Army Air Base, near Detroit, Michigan in March 1943 after the decision was reached to deploy the unit. Racial tensions in the Detroit area, however, forced a move to Oscoda Army Airfield, in isolated northeast Michigan the next month where the final training of the unit was performed by First Air Force. However, the unit was delayed again going into combat, and also was sent back to Selfridge upon completion of training at Oscoda AAF to perform Air Defense flights over the Detroit area beginning in July 1943.

For six months, the unit remained at Selfridge until pressure on the Army led to the decision to deploy the 100th to the Fifteenth Air Force in Italy at the end of 1943, under the command of Robert B. Tresville, to support the strategic aerial bombardment campaign being carried out by Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress and Consolidated B-24 Liberator Heavy bombers from newly established air bases in the Foggia, Italy area.

As the Italian Campaign pushed further north into Italy during 1944, the squadron moved to operate from forward captured air bases, flying bomber escort missions initially with Republic P-47D Thunderbolts, then being upgraded to the long-range North American P-51D Mustang fighter. In combat, the unit engaged enemy forces in the Rome-Arno area, then during the D-Day landings in France, took part in the Normandy and Northern France campaigns. It returned to the MTO in August 1944, flying combat missions supporting the Invasion of southern France and attacking enemy targets in Northern Italy, Po Valley, the German Rhineland and the Western Allied invasion of Germany during March and April 1945.

With the end of the War in Europe in May 1945, the squadron was returned to Southern Italy, being stationed at Lucera Airfield, near Foggia where the unit slowly was demobilized and personnel returned to the United States. The 100th Fighter Squadron was inactivated as an administrative unit at Camp Kilmer, New Jersey in mid-October 1945.

### Cold War

The 332d was re-activated as part of Tactical Air Command Ninth Air Force at Lockbourne Army Airbase (Later Lockbourne AFB), near Columbus, Ohio in July 1947, again as a segregated African-American unit of the Army Air Forces (later United States Air Force). At Lockbourne, the Wing was equipped with new F-47N Thunderbolts that were designed for very-long range flights in the Pacific Theater to attack ground targets in the Japanese Home Islands. However, the aircraft were never deployed due to the sudden end of the War in August 1945. At Lockbourne, the squadron participated in firepower demonstrations, gunnery training, and operational missions to maintain combat proficiency. The African-American segregated unit was inactivated in July 1949 as a result of President Harry S. Truman's Executive Order 9981. EO 9981 abolished racial discrimination in the United States Armed Forces. The 100th's personnel and equipment were reassigned to other units.

The 100th was reactivated by Strategic Air Command in 1953 as an integrated squadron, being equipped with Boeing KB-29P Superfortress tankers and given an air refueling mission, based at Robins AFB, near Macon, Georgia. The squadron primarily performed areal refueling of SAC's Boeing B-50 Superfortress medium bombers (the Convair B-36 Peacemaker did not have IFR capability) using a primitive "looped hose" refueling system. In 1954, the squadron moved to Pease AFB, New Hampshire; received Boeing KC-97 Stratofreighters and performed aerial refueling with SAC's Boeing B-47 Stratojet units, deploying frequently to England and Morocco in North Africa to operate from what were called "REFLEX" bases to refuel SAC bombers prior to their planned flights into Communist-controlled Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. The 100th Air Refueling Squadron continued to operate from Pease until the end of the B-47 and REFLEX era in 1966, at which point the unit was inactivated.

Air Training Command re-activated the 100th as a Flying Training Squadron at Williams AFB, Phoenix, Arizona in September 1989 to demonstrate the feasibility of Air Training Command's plan for five flying training squadrons at each pilot training base. Its instructor pilots provided incoming pilots qualification in T-37 and T-38 aircraft, and as instructor pilots. The squadron was inactivated as part of the post-Cold War draw-down of the Air Force in 1993.

### Post-Cold War era

In 1999, the **100th Expeditionary Air Refueling Squadron** was activated as a provisional United States Air Forces in Europe (USAFE) Expeditionary aerial refueling squadron. Its mission was the refuel NATO combat aircraft during the 1999 Kosovo Campaign, Operation Allied Force. Consisting of Boeing KC-135 Stratotankers from the 100th Air Refueling Wing, RAF Mildenhall, England, the squadron was active between April–June 1999 when the Kosovo Campaign ended.

After the Kosovo Campaign, the 100th was again re-activated as a flying training squadron at Randolph AFB, Texas, equipped with Beechcraft T-6 Texan II, Raytheon T-1 Jayhawk and Northrop T-38C Talon trainers. It provided flight training to new air force pilot trainees throughout the early 21st century.

### Alabama Air National Guard

In 2007, the Alabama legislature requested the National Guard Bureau to allow the Alabama Air National Guard 160th Fighter Squadron to be re-designated as the **100th Fighter Squadron** so the state could honor the legacy of the World War II Tuskegee Airmen. This was obtained from the Air Force and on 12 September 2009, the 100th Flying Training Squadron was inactivated. The designation was transferred to the National Guard Bureau by the Air Force and it was allotted to the Alabama ANG. As a result, the 160th Fighter Squadron was inactivated, and the new 100th Fighter Squadron assumed its personnel, equipment and aircraft. The 160th Fighter Squadron stood down in a ceremony at Montgomery Air National Guard Base, on 13 September 2007, with the 100th Fighter Squadron standing up and being bequeathed the history, lineage, and honors of the World War II 100th Fighter Squadron and its successor units.

From the onset the squadron started training on the block 30 version of the General Dynamics F-16C/D Fighting Falcon that carried over from the 160th FS. The squadron flies the F-16 in a traditional air defense and conventional attack role.

In August 2009, the 100th Expeditionary Fighter Squadron deployed 240 airmen and aircraft to Balad AB, Iraq as part of the 332d Expeditionary Fighter Squadron supporting Operation Iraq Freedom. This was the first deployment of the 100th FS to the middle east and over 2,000 hours were flown and Precision Guided Munitions were employed. The unit returned to Montgomery in November 2009.

The squadron deployed to Romania in August 2012 to participate in Dacian Viper 2012, a three-week joint exercise with the Romanian Air Force. The Alabama ANG contingent, which included nearly twenty fighter pilots and eight F-16s, exercised with approximately 200 Romanian soldiers, technical staff, and pilots flying six Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 Lancer fighters at 71st Air Base, located near the town of Câmpia Turzii in the northwestern part of Romania. The squadron returned to Romania in 2015, taking part in combined air operations during the Dacian Viper 2015 exercise.

In December 2017, the Air Force announced that the 100th was one of two Air National Guard squadrons selected for equipping with the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II. The conversion to the fifth-generation jet fighter is scheduled for 2023. On 21 April, the squadron retired its F-16 fighters and will continue its conversion process to the F-35 which arrived in December. Full operational readiness is to be achieved until February 2026. The first three F-35As (*18-5414*, *18-5420* and *20-5628*) were delivered to the 100th FS on 6 December 2023.

## Lineage

* Constituted **100th Pursuit Squadron** on 27 December 1941

Activated on 19 February 1942 Re-designated: **100th Fighter Squadron** on 15 May 1942 Inactivated on 19 October 1945 * Activated on 1 July 1947

Inactivated on 1 July 1949 * Re-designated: **100th Air Refueling Squadron** on 1 January 1953

Activated on 23 May 1953 Inactivated on 24 November 1953 * Reactivated on 8 September 1954

Inactivated on 25 June 1966 * Re-designated: **100th Flying Training Squadron** on 1 September 1989

Activated in the reserve on 1 September 1989 Inactivated on 1 April 1993 * Re-designated: **100th Expeditionary Air Refueling Squadron** 1 April 1999

Converted to provisional status and allotted to United States Air Forces in Europe to activate or inactivate any time after 1 April 1999 Activated on 9 April 1999 Inactivated on 20 June 1999 * Reactivated as **100th Flying Training Squadron** and converted to regular status on 1 July 1999

Inactivated on 12 September 2007 * Re-designated: **100th Fighter Squadron**, and allocated to the Alabama ANG on 13 September 2007

Extended federal recognition on 13 September 2007, assuming personnel and equipment of 160th Fighter Squadron Designated: **100th Expeditionary Fighter Squadron** when deployed and attached to United States Air Forces Central

### Assignments

Attached to: 19th Bombardment Wing, 2 February – 16 August 1956

### Stations

Elements operated from: Balad Air Base, Iraq, August–November 2009 Bagram Air Base, Afghanistan, April–November 2014

### Aircraft

This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

## InfoBox

| 100th Fighter Squadron | |
| --- | --- |
| 100th Fighter Squadron – F-35A Lightning II during its unveiling ceremony | |
| Active | 19 February 1942 – 19 October 1945
1 July 1947 – 1 July 1949
20 January 1953 – 25 November 1953
8 September 1954 – 25 June 1966
1 September 1989 – 1 April 1993
1 April 1999 – 12 September 2007
13 September 2007 – present |
| Country | United States |
| Allegiance | Alabama |
| Branch | Air National Guard |
| Type | Squadron |
| Role | Fighter |
| Part of | Alabama Air National Guard |
| Garrison/HQ | Dannelly Field, Alabama |
| Nickname(s) | Red Tails |
| Motto(s) | Red Tails... We Deliver |
| Tail Code | AL |
| Commanders | |
| 100 FS/Snacko Commander | Capt. Jonathan “Blue” Gill |
| Insignia | |
| 100th Fighter Squadron emblem |  |


title: 'Urwah, Saudi Arabia

abstract: 'Urwah is a village in Al Madinah Province, in western Saudi Arabia.

text:
# 'Urwah, Saudi Arabia

**'Urwah** is a village in Al Madinah Province, in western Saudi Arabia.

## InfoBox

| 'Urwah | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| 'UrwahLocation in Saudi Arabia | |
| Coordinates: 24°26′N 38°36′E / 24.433°N 38.600°E / 24.433; 38.600 | |
| Country | Saudi Arabia |
| Province | Al Madinah Province |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (EAT) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EAT) |


title: Angel (novel)

abstract: Angel is a novel by the English novelist Elizabeth Taylor first published in 1957. It tells the life story of Angelica ("Angel") Deverell from her adolescence and first attempts at writing, through the course of her career as a successful writer of sensational romances, into her decline, old age and death. Although she finds fame and wealth and marries the love of her life, Angel is condemned to a life of isolation and disappointment: critics regard her work as absurd and her closest relationships—with her publisher, her husband, and her sister-in-law—are doomed by the inability of others to conform to her unrealistic view of life. Although Angel is in the main portrayed as a grotesque eccentric, she is frequently made to seem pathetic, if not tragic. Angel is a fictional representation of the kind of temporarily popular writer of romances such as Marie Corelli, Ouida, or Ethel M. Dell. Matthew Walther argues that "the book is not really a roman à clef so much as it is a kind of horrifying anti-memoir, Taylor’s sounding of her own experience and dredging up her worst fears as a young female writer: mawkishness, philistinism, naïveté, stupidity, solipsism." Angel was reprinted by Virago Press in 1984 with a new introduction by Paul Bailey. Angel was the February 2012 Classics Book Club Selection at The New York Review of Books. It was published in the NYRB Classics series on February 14, 2012, with an introduction by Hilary Mantel.

text:
# Angel (novel)

***Angel*** is a novel by the English novelist Elizabeth Taylor first published in 1957.

It tells the life story of Angelica ("Angel") Deverell from her adolescence and first attempts at writing, through the course of her career as a successful writer of sensational romances, into her decline, old age and death. Although she finds fame and wealth and marries the love of her life, Angel is condemned to a life of isolation and disappointment: critics regard her work as absurd and her closest relationships—with her publisher, her husband, and her sister-in-law—are doomed by the inability of others to conform to her unrealistic view of life. Although Angel is in the main portrayed as a grotesque eccentric, she is frequently made to seem pathetic, if not tragic.

Angel is a fictional representation of the kind of temporarily popular writer of romances such as Marie Corelli, Ouida, or Ethel M. Dell. Matthew Walther argues that "the book is not really a roman à clef so much as it is a kind of horrifying anti-memoir, Taylor’s sounding of her own experience and dredging up her worst fears as a young female writer: mawkishness, philistinism, naïveté, stupidity, solipsism."

*Angel* was reprinted by Virago Press in 1984 with a new introduction by Paul Bailey.

*Angel* was the February 2012 Classics Book Club Selection at *The New York Review of Books*. It was published in the NYRB Classics series on February 14, 2012, with an introduction by Hilary Mantel.

## Plot

Angel Deverell is an imaginative 15 year old girl who longs for a luxurious life despite being born to a simple mother who runs a shop and having an aunt who works in service. After her mother discovers Angel has been telling stories about secretly being an heiress, Angel decides to weave her fantasies into novel form. Much to her mother's distress she abandons school and devotes herself to writing. After finishing her first novel, *Lady Irania*, Angel sends it haphazardly to publishers. She is at last given an offer to publish it by Gilbright & Brace though the two publishers are divided. Brace believes the novel is overwritten dreck while Gilbert agrees but believes they can make money off of it. They are surprised when they finally meet the teenage Angel, but Theo Gilbright finds himself charmed by Angel and her total lack of irony about her work.

Angel's novel is published and becomes a sensation and best seller though she is shocked to find herself viciously savaged by reviewers. Determined to prove them wrong she immediately starts writing a new novel.

By the time Angel is in her early 20s she has achieved massive financial success through critical praise eludes her. She has her mother retire and moves them to the genteel countryside, a move which causes their parent-child relationship to be inverted as Mrs. Deverell becomes afraid of incurring her daughter's wrath. Angel begins to feel something is missing in her life and longs to fall in love. Shortly after she invites Lord Norley, a local patron, to tea and meets his niece and nephew, Nora Howe-Nevinson, a poet and fan who worships Angel, and Esmé Howe-Nevinson, an amateur painter. Despite their brief meeting Angel decides she is in love with Esmé and is disappointed when he fails to contact her again. In order to entrap Esmé, Angel mentions Nora in an interview as an inspiration to her work. Some months later, after her mother has died, Nora comes to pay her respects to Angel. She moves in as a companion for Angel, but nevertheless fails to materialize her brother.

When Angel is 30 she at last learns that Esmé, after years spent abroad in disgrace, has moved to London. She moves there temporarily and commissions him to paint a portrait of her. Despite Angel's wilfulness and vanity, Esmé correctly guesses that she is quite lonely. In contrast to her tendency towards opulence he paints Angel realistically. At the end of the summer he visits Angel at her country home. Together they visit Paradise House, the old mansion where Angel's aunt Lottie used to work and which spurred Angel's fantasies. Angel decides to buy the house and Esmé confesses his love for her. The two marry.

Though Angel fails to realize it, their marriage does not have an auspicious start. Near the beginning of World War I Esmé decides to enlist, much to Angel's disapproval. She begins writing anti-war screeds and for the first time her books begin to fail, landing her in financial difficulties. On a trip to London, Nora discovers that Esmé is back on leave but is having an affair which she keeps a secret from Angel. By 1918 Esmé, wounded in the war, returns to Angel and Paradise House, now deeply dispirited and unable to paint. He begins to gamble and falls deeply into debt. In order to save him Angel writes another fantasy novel which is successful. His marriage to Angel is cut short when he accidentally drowns.

Angel and Nora continue to live together in Paradise House, though Angel is unable to write and her books fall out of print. Angel and Nora fall into poverty and obscurity. Shortly after Nora's uncle, Lord Norley dies leaving her an heiress, Angel dies as well. Nora discovers a will written by Angel in which Nora receives her entire fortune. However, nothing is left and Nora resolves to leave Paradise House and let it fall into disuse.

## Adaptation

In 2007, *Angel* was turned into a movie by French director François Ozon.

## InfoBox

Angel
| First edition cover | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Elizabeth Taylor |
| Published | 1957 (Peter Davies) <br>1984 (Virago Press) |
| Publication place | England |
| Media type | Print |
| Pages | 215 (first edition) |
| ISBN | 1844083071 Virago Press edition |
| OCLC | 154702351 (first edition) |


title: 1954 South Korean legislative election

text:
# 1954 South Korean legislative election

Legislative elections were held in South Korea on 20 May 1954. The result was a victory for Syngman Rhee's Liberal Party, which won 114 of the 203 seats. Voter turnout was 91.1%.

## Electoral system

The elections were held under first-past-the-post voting.

## Results

|  | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
|  | Liberal Party | 2,756,061 | 36.79 | 114 | New |
|  | Democratic Nationalist Party | 593,499 | 7.92 | 15 | –9 |
|  | National Association | 192,109 | 2.56 | 3 | –11 |
|  | Korea Nationalist Party | 72,923 | 0.97 | 3 | –21 |
|  | Other parties | 286,097 | 3.82 | 0 |  |
|  | Independents | 3,591,617 | 47.94 | 68 | –58 |
| Total | | 7,492,306 | 100.00 | 203 | –7 |
|  | | | | | |
| Valid votes | | 7,492,306 | 97.32 |  | |
| Invalid/blank votes | | 206,082 | 2.68 |  | |
| Total votes | | 7,698,388 | 100.00 |  | |
| Registered voters/turnout | | 8,446,509 | 91.14 |  | |
| Source: Nohlen *et al*. | | | | | |

### Results by city/province

| Region | Total
seats | Seats won | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | LP | DNP | NA | KNP | Other | Ind. |
| | |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Seoul | 16 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 6 |
| Gyeonggi | 23 | 15 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 |
| Gangwon | 12 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| North Chungcheong | 12 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| South Chungcheong | 19 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| North Jeolla | 22 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| South Jeolla | 30 | 15 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 |
| North Gyeongsang | 34 | 15 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 15 |
| South Gyeongsang | 32 | 17 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 11 |
| Jeju | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Total | 203 | 111 | 16 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 70 |
| Source: National Election Commission | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

1954 South Korean legislative election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| ---  All 203 seats in the House of Representatives
102 seats needed for a majority | |
| Turnout | 91.14% ( 0.77pp) |
| Party Leader Vote % Seats +/–  Liberal Syngman Rhee 36.79 114 New  Democratic Nationalist Sin Ik-hui 7.92 15 −9  National Association Syngman Rhee 2.56 3 −11  Nationalist Sin Ik-hui 0.97 3 −21  Independents  47.94 68 −58   This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.  Speaker before Speaker after  Shin Ik-hee
National Association Lee Ki-poong
Liberal | |


title: Diving at the 2016 Summer Olympics

abstract: The diving competitions at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro took place from 7 to 20 August at Maria Lenk Aquatic Center in Barra da Tijuca. It was one of four aquatic sports at the Games, along with swimming, water polo, and synchronised swimming. The 2016 Games featured competitions in eight events: 3m springboard, synchronised 3m springboard, 10m platform, and synchronised 10m platform. The diving competitions featured up to 136 athletes. All divers had to be at least 14 years old on or by 31 December 2016. On Tuesday August 9, the water of the diving well turned dark green, originally thought to be caused by the heat and lack of wind in the venue. However, at the time a CNN photographer took a picture, an adjacent pool in the same location was not green. Olympic officials later confirmed that the change in color was due to 160 litres of hydrogen peroxide having been mistakenly added to the pool during cleaning. For the eighth consecutive Games, China dominated the medal table, and for the fourth occasion in that period were denied a clean sweep of diving golds by a single event; in this case, the 3 metre synchronised men's event won by Great Britain's Jack Laugher and Chris Mears, their nation's first ever gold medalists in the discipline.

text:
# Diving at the 2016 Summer Olympics

The **diving** competitions at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro took place from 7 to 20 August at Maria Lenk Aquatic Center in Barra da Tijuca. It was one of four aquatic sports at the Games, along with swimming, water polo, and synchronised swimming.

The 2016 Games featured competitions in eight events (men and women events each of): 3m springboard, synchronised 3m springboard, 10m platform, and synchronised 10m platform.

The diving competitions featured up to 136 athletes. All divers had to be at least 14 years old on or by 31 December 2016.

On Tuesday August 9, the water of the diving well turned dark green, originally thought to be caused by the heat and lack of wind in the venue. However, at the time a CNN photographer took a picture, an adjacent pool in the same location was not green. Olympic officials later confirmed that the change in color was due to 160 litres of hydrogen peroxide having been mistakenly added to the pool during cleaning.

For the eighth consecutive Games, China dominated the medal table, and for the fourth occasion in that period were denied a clean sweep of diving golds by a single event; in this case, the 3 metre synchronised men's event won by Great Britain's Jack Laugher and Chris Mears, their nation's first ever gold medalists in the discipline.

## Qualification

A nation could have no more than 16 divers qualify (up to eight males and eight females) and could enter up to two divers in individual events and one pair in synchronized events.

For the individual diving events, qualifiers were:

* the top 12 finishers in each event from the 2015 World Championships,
* the five continental champions in each event, and
* up to 18 semi-finalists from the 2016 FINA Diving World Cup.

For the synchronized events (pairs), qualifiers were:

* the top three finishers in each event from the 2015 World Championships,
* the top four from in each event the 2016 World Cup, and
* the host nation (Brazil).

Note: Qualifying spots went to the nation – they were not tied to the individual diver who achieved the place/finish at the qualifying event. However, an individual diver might only qualify one spot for their nation.

## Participating nations

136 athletes represented 29 nations in Diving at the 2016 Olympics:

## Schedule

All times are Brasília Time (UTC-3)

| Day | Time | Event |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Sunday 7 August | **16:00–17:15** | **3m Springboard Synchronized Women** |
| Monday 8 August | **16:00–17:15** | **10m Platform Synchronized Men** |
| Tuesday 9 August | **16:00–17:15** | **10m Platform Synchronized Women** |
| Wednesday 10 August | **16:00–17:15** | **3m Springboard Synchronized Men** |
| Friday 12 August | 15:30–18:30 | 3m Springboard Women (Preliminaries) |
| Saturday 13 August | 16:00–17:40 | 3m Springboard Women (Semifinal) |
| Sunday 14 August | **16:00–17:30** | **3m Springboard Women (Final)** |
| Monday 15 August | 15:15–18:45 | 3m Springboard Men (Preliminaries) |
| Tuesday 16 August | 10:00–11:50 | 3m Springboard Men (Semifinal) |
| | **18:00–20:10** | **3m Springboard Men (Final)** |
| Wednesday 17 August | 15:00–18:10 | 10m Platform Women (Preliminaries) |
| Thursday 18 August | 10:00–11:30 | 10m Platform Women (Semifinal) |
| | **16:00–17:30** | **10m Platform Women (Final)** |
| Friday 19 August | 16:00–19:10 | 10m Platform Men (Preliminaries) |
| Saturday 20 August | 11:00–12:50 | 10m Platform Men (Semifinal) |
| | **16:30–18:10** | **10m Platform Men (Final)** |

## Medalists

### Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | China | 7 | 2 | 1 | 10 |
| 2 | Great Britain | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 3 | United States | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 4 | Italy | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 5 | Malaysia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| | Mexico | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 7 | Canada | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 8 | Australia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| | Germany | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (9 entries) | | 8 | 8 | 8 | 24 |

### Men

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 3 m springboard
 | Cao Yuan
China | Jack Laugher
Great Britain | Patrick Hausding
Germany |
| 10 m platform
 | Chen Aisen
China | Germán Sánchez
Mexico | David Boudia
United States |
| Synchronized 3 m springboard
 | Chris Mears
and Jack Laugher (GBR) | Sam Dorman
and Michael Hixon (USA) | Cao Yuan
and Qin Kai (CHN) |
| Synchronized 10 m platform
 | Chen Aisen
and Lin Yue (CHN) | David Boudia
and Steele Johnson (USA) | Tom Daley
and Daniel Goodfellow (GBR) |

### Women

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 3 m springboard
 | Shi Tingmao
China | He Zi
China | Tania Cagnotto
Italy |
| 10 m platform
 | Ren Qian
China | Si Yajie
China | Meaghan Benfeito
Canada |
| Synchronized 3 m springboard
 | Shi Tingmao
and Wu Minxia (CHN) | Tania Cagnotto
and Francesca Dallapé (ITA) | Maddison Keeney
and Anabelle Smith (AUS) |
| Synchronized 10 m platform
 | Chen Ruolin
and Liu Huixia (CHN) | Cheong Jun Hoong
and Pandelela Rinong (MAS) | Meaghan Benfeito
and Roseline Filion (CAN) |

## InfoBox

| Diving
at the Games of the XXXI Olympiad | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Venue | Maria Lenk Aquatic Center |
| Dates | 7–20 August |
| No. of events | 8 |
| Competitors | 136 from 29 nations |
|


title: 1761 in music

text:
# 1761 in music

## Events

* Mme Papavoine – '"Reviens, aimable Thémire" (Paris)
* John Parry*A collection of Welsh, English & Scotch airs with new variations, also four new lessons for the harp or harpsichord... to which are added twelve airs for the guitar* (London: John Johnson)

## Opera

## Classical music

## Methods and theory writings

## Births

## Deaths

## InfoBox

| List of years in music (table) |
| --- |
|  |
| *+...* |


title: Arabia (disambiguation)

abstract: Arabia may refer to:

text:
# Arabia (disambiguation)

**Arabia** may refer to:

## Geography

## People

## Language

* A romanized spelling of *\`Arabiyya* = Arabic

## Astronomy

* 1157 Arabia, an asteroid
* Arabia Terra, a region of Mars' northern hemisphere
* Arabia quadrangle, one of a series of 30 quadrangle maps of Mars used by the United States Geological Survey Astrogeology Research Program

## Ships

See also List of ships named *Arabia*

## Other


title: Educational software

abstract: Educational software is a term used for any computer software that is made for an educational purpose. It encompasses different ranges from language learning software to classroom management software to reference software. The purpose of all this software is to make some part of education more effective and efficient.

text:
# Educational software

**Educational software** is a term used for any computer software that is made for an educational purpose. It encompasses different ranges from language learning software to classroom management software to reference software. The purpose of all this software is to make some part of education more effective and efficient.

## History

### 1946s–1970s

The use of computer hardware and software in education and training dates to the early 1940s, when American researchers developed flight simulators which used analog computers to generate simulated onboard instrument data. One such system was the type19 synthetic radar trainer, built in 1943. From these early attempts in the WWII era through the mid-1970s, educational software was directly tied to the hardware, on which it ran. Pioneering educational computer systems in this era included the PLATO system (1960), developed at the University of Illinois, and TICCIT (1969). In 1963, IBM had established a partnership with Stanford University's Institute for Mathematical Studies in the Social Sciences (IMSSS), directed by Patrick Suppes, to develop the first comprehensive CAI elementary school curriculum which was implemented on a large scale in schools in both California and Mississippi. In 1967 Computer Curriculum Corporation (CCC, now Pearson Education Technologies) was formed to market to schools the materials developed through the IBM partnership. Early terminals that ran educational systems cost over $10,000, putting them out of reach of most institutions. Some programming languages from this period, p3), and LOGO (1967) can also be considered educational, as they were specifically targeted to students and novice computer users. The PLATO IV system, released in 1972, supported many features which later became standard in educational software running on home computers. Its features included bitmap graphics, primitive sound generation, and support for non-keyboard input devices, including the touchscreen.

### 1970s–1980s

The arrival of the personal computer, with the Altair 8800 in 1975, changed the field of software in general, with specific implications for educational software. Whereas users prior to 1975 were dependent upon university or government owned mainframe computers with timesharing, users after this shift could create and use software for computers in homes and schools, computers available for less than $2000. By the early 1980s, the availability of personal computers including the Apple II (1977), Commodore PET (1977), VIC-20 (1980), and Commodore 64 (1982) allowed for the creation of companies and nonprofits which specialized in educational software. Broderbund and The Learning Company are key companies from this period, and MECC, the Minnesota Educational Computing Consortium, a key non-profit software developer. These and other companies designed a range of titles for personal computers, with the bulk of the software initially developed for the Apple II.

## Categories of educational software

### Courseware

"Courseware" is a term that combines the words 'course' with 'software'. It was originally used to describe additional educational material intended as kits for teachers or trainers or as tutorials for students, usually packaged for use with a computer. The term's meaning and usage has expanded and can refer to the entire course and any additional material when used in reference an online or 'computer formatted' classroom. Many companies are using the term to describe the entire "package" consisting of one 'class' or 'course' bundled together with the various lessons, tests, and other material needed. The courseware itself can be in different formats: some are only available online, such as Web pages, while others can be downloaded as PDF files or other types of document. Many forms of educational technology are now covered by the term *courseware*. Most leading educational companies solicit or include courseware with their training packages.

### Classroom aids

Some educational software is designed for use in school classrooms. Typically such software may be projected onto a large whiteboard at the front of the class and/or run simultaneously on a network of desktop computers in a classroom. The most notable are SMART Boards that use SMART Notebook to interact with the board which allows the use of pens to digitally draw on the board. This type of software is often called classroom management software. While teachers often choose to use educational software from other categories in their IT suites (e.g. reference works, children's software), a whole category of educational software has grown up specifically intended to assist classroom teaching. Branding has been less strong in this category than in those oriented towards home users. Software titles are often very specialized and produced by various manufacturers, including many established educational book publishers.

### Assessment software

With the impact of environmental damage and the need for institutions to become "paperless", more educational institutions are seeking alternative ways of assessment and testing, which has always traditionally been known to use up vasts amount of paper. *Assessment software* refers to software with a primary purpose of assessing and testing students in a virtual environment. Assessment software allows students to complete tests and examinations using a computer, usually networked. The software then scores each test transcript and outputs results for each student. Assessment software is available in various delivery methods, the most popular being self-hosted software, online software and hand-held voting systems. Proprietary software and open-source software systems are available. While technically falling into the *Courseware* category (see above), Skill evaluation lab is an example for Computer-based assessment software with PPA-2 (Plan, Prove, Assess) methodology to create and conduct computer based online examination. Moodle is an example of open-source software with an assessment component that is gaining popularity. QST Online a dedicated complete open source exam/assessment solution is also growing in adoption. Other popular international assessment systems include Google Classroom, Blackboard Learn, EvaluNet and *XT*.

### Reference software

Many publishers of print dictionaries and encyclopedias have been involved in the production of educational reference software since the mid-1990s. They were joined in the reference software market by both startup companies and established software publishers, most notably Microsoft.

The first commercial reference software products were reformulations of existing content into CD-ROM editions, often supplemented with new multimedia content, including compressed video and sound. More recent products made use of internet technologies, to supplement CD-ROM products, then, more recently, to replace them entirely.

Wikipedia and its offspins (such as Wiktionary) marked a new departure in educational reference software. Previously, encyclopedias and dictionaries had compiled their contents on the basis of invited and closed teams of specialists. The Wiki concept has allowed for the development of collaborative reference works through open cooperation incorporating experts and non-experts.

### Custom platforms

Some manufacturers regarded normal personal computers as an inappropriate platform for learning software for younger children and produced custom child-friendly pieces of hardware instead. The hardware and software is generally combined into a single product, such as a child laptop-lookalike. The laptop keyboard for younger children follows an alphabetic order and the QWERTY order for the older ones. The most well-known example are LeapFrog products. These include imaginatively designed hand-held consoles with a variety of pluggable educational game cartridges and book-like electronic devices into which a variety of electronic books can be loaded. These products are more portable than laptop computers, but have a much more limited range of purposes, concentrating on literacy.

While mainstream operating systems are designed for general usages, and are more or less customized for education only by the application sets added to them, a variety of software manufacturers, especially Linux distributions, have sought to provide integrated platforms for specifically education.

### Corporate training and tertiary education

Earlier educational software for the important corporate and tertiary education markets was designed to run on a single desktop computer (or an equivalent user device). In the years immediately following 2000, planners decided to switch to server-based applications with a high degree of standardization. This means that educational software runs primarily on servers which may be hundreds or thousands of miles from the actual user. The user only receives tiny pieces of a learning module or test, fed over the internet one by one. The server software decides on what learning material to distribute, collects results and displays progress to teaching staff. Another way of expressing this change is to say that educational software morphed into an online educational service. US Governmental endorsements and approval systems ensured the rapid switch to the new way of managing and distributing learning material. McDonald's also experimented with this via the Nintendo DS software *eCrew Development Program*.

See also:

### Specific educational purposes

There are highly specific niche markets for educational software, including:

* teacher tools and classroom management software

(remote control and monitoring software, filetransfer software, document camera and presenter, free tools,...)

### Video games and gamification

Video games can be used to teach a user technology literacy or more about a subject. Some operating systems and mobile phones have these features. A notable example is Microsoft Solitaire, which was developed to familiarize users with the use of graphical user interfaces, especially the mouse and the drag-and-drop technique. *Mavis Beacon Teaches Typing* is a largely known program with built in mini-games to keep the user entertained while improving their typing skills.

Gamification is the use of game design elements in nongame contexts and has been shown to be effective in motivating behavior change. By seeing game elements as "motivational affordances," and formalizing the relationship between these elements and motivational affordances. Classcraft is a software tool used by teachers that has gaming elements alongside an educational goal. Tovertafel is a games console designed for remedial education and counter-acting the effects of dementia.

## Effects and use of educational software

### Tutor-based software

Tutor-based education software is defined as software that mimics the teacher student one on one dynamic of tutoring with software in place of a teacher. Research was conducted to see if this type of software would be effective in improving students understanding of material. It concluded that there was a positive impact which decreased the amount of time students need to study for and relative gain of understanding.

### Helping those with disabilities

A study was conducted to see the effects of education software on children with mild disabilities. The results were that the software was a positive impact assisting teaching these children social skills though team based learning and discussion, videos and games.

### Education software evaluation

There is a large market of educational software in use today. A team decided that they were to develop a system in which educational software should be evaluated as there is no current standard. It is called the Construction of the Comprehensive Evaluation of Electronic Learning Tools and Educational Software (CEELTES). The software to be evaluated is graded on a point scale in four categories: the area of technical, technological and user attributes; area of criteria evaluating the information, content and operation of the software; the area of criteria evaluating the information in terms of educational use, learning and recognition; the area of criteria evaluating the psychological and pedagogical use of the software.

### Use in higher education

In university level computer science course, learning logic is an essential part of the curriculum. There is a proposal on using two logistical education tool FOLST and LogicChess to understand First Order Logic for university students to better understand the course material and the essentials of logistical design.

## Selected reports and academic articles


title: Edward Moon

abstract: Sir Edward Graham Moon, 2nd Baronet, was an English rower and clergyman. Moon was the son of Sir Francis Moon, 1st Baronet, and his wife Anne Chancellor. His father was a printseller and publisher and Lord Mayor of London. Moon was educated at Magdalen College, Oxford, where he was a leading oarsman. In 1846 he won the University Sculls and the Diamond Challenge Sculls at Henley Royal Regatta. In 1847 at Henley he lost Diamonds in the final to William Maule. However he was bow in the Oxford crew which won the Grand Challenge Cup at Henley beating Cambridge in a year when there was no Boat Race. Moon's opposite number at bow in the Cambridge boat was William Maule. Moon was ordained deacon in 1849 and priest in 1851 and was curate of St. John's, Worcester and of Bredon, Worcestershire. His father-in-law, Alderman Thomas Sidney, had acquired the advowson of St. Mary's Church, Fetcham, Surrey, and was able to present Moon to the living when it fell vacant in 1854. At Fetcham, Moon was prominent in supporting local and national charities. He arranged the opening of the Fetcham village school in 1854 and was a major subscriber to the establishment of the reading room. He also built one of the three almshouses, but his main achievement was the substantial improvement of the church. He inherited the baronetcy in 1871 on the death of his father, who was commemorated in much of the restoration work in the church. Moon died at Fetcham at the age of 78 and was buried in the churchyard. There is a memorial east window. Moon married Ellen Sidney, only daughter of Thomas Sidney in the West Ham district in 1851. He was succeeded in the baronetcy by his son Francis Sidney Graham Moon. Through his mother's lineage, Moon was related to the architects Frederic Chancellor and F. G. M. Chancellor.

text:
# Edward Moon

**Sir Edward Graham Moon, 2nd Baronet** (25 March 1825 – 21 February 1904), was an English rower and clergyman.

Moon was the son of Sir Francis Moon, 1st Baronet, and his wife Anne Chancellor. His father was a printseller and publisher and Lord Mayor of London. Moon was educated at Magdalen College, Oxford, where he was a leading oarsman. In 1846 he won the University Sculls and the Diamond Challenge Sculls at Henley Royal Regatta. In 1847 at Henley he lost Diamonds in the final to William Maule. However he was bow in the Oxford crew which won the Grand Challenge Cup at Henley beating Cambridge in a year when there was no Boat Race. Moon's opposite number at bow in the Cambridge boat was William Maule.

Moon was ordained deacon in 1849 and priest in 1851 and was curate of St. John's, Worcester and of Bredon, Worcestershire. His father-in-law, Alderman Thomas Sidney, had acquired the advowson of St. Mary's Church, Fetcham, Surrey, and was able to present Moon to the living when it fell vacant in 1854. At Fetcham, Moon was prominent in supporting local and national charities. He arranged the opening of the Fetcham village school in 1854 and was a major subscriber to the establishment of the reading room. He also built one of the three almshouses, but his main achievement was the substantial improvement of the church. He inherited the baronetcy in 1871 on the death of his father, who was commemorated in much of the restoration work in the church.

Moon died at Fetcham at the age of 78 and was buried in the churchyard. There is a memorial east window.

Moon married Ellen Sidney, only daughter of Thomas Sidney in the West Ham district in 1851. He was succeeded in the baronetcy by his son Francis Sidney Graham Moon.

Through his mother's lineage, Moon was related to the architects Frederic Chancellor and F. G. M. Chancellor.


title: Alauddin

abstract: Alauddin is a Muslim male given name and, in modern usage, also a surname. This name derives from the Arabic “ʻAlāʼ ad-Dīn”, meaning “servant of Allah, nobility of faith, nobility of religion, nobility of the faith”. It is one of a large class of names ending with ad-Din.

text:
# Alauddin

**Alauddin** (Arabic: علاء الدين) is a Muslim male given name and, in modern usage, also a surname. This name derives from the Arabic *“ʻAlāʼ ad-Dīn”*, meaning “servant of Allah, nobility of faith, nobility of religion, nobility of the faith”. It is one of a large class of names ending with ad-Din.

## Given name

## Surname

* Md. Alauddin (1925–2000), a Bangladeshi politician
* Kazi Alauddin, a Bangladesh Jatiya Party politician.
* Gogi Alauddin (b: 1950), a former squash player from Pakistan.
* M. Alauddin, a Bangladeshi Academic & researcher, 10th VC of Islamic University, Bangladesh.

## Disambiguation


title: El Paso County, Jefferson Territory

abstract: El Paso County was a county of the extralegal United States Territory of Jefferson that existed from November 28, 1859, until February 28, 1861. The county seat was Colorado City.

text:
# El Paso County, Jefferson Territory

**El Paso County** was a county of the extralegal United States Territory of Jefferson that existed from November 28, 1859, until February 28, 1861. The county seat was Colorado City.

## History

In July 1858, gold was discovered along the South Platte River in Arapahoe County, Kansas Territory. This discovery precipitated the Pike's Peak Gold Rush. Many residents of the mining region felt disconnected from the remote territorial governments of Kansas and Nebraska, so they voted to form their own Territory of Jefferson on October 24, 1859. On November 28, the General Assembly of the Territory of Jefferson organized 12 counties: Arrappahoe County, Cheyenne County, El Paso County, Fountain County, Heele County, Jackson County, Jefferson County, Mountain County, North County, Park County, Saratoga County, and St. Vrain's County. The legislation that created El Paso County declared:

> That the territory comprised within the following limits be erected into a county to be called El Paso county: commencing in the main channel of the south fork of Platte River, at the south west corner of Arrappahoe county, thence easterly on the main divide between the head waters of the Arkansas and Platte Rivers twenty-five miles; thence south seventy-five miles; thence west to the summit of the Rocky Mountains; thence northwardly on the said range to the south Platte River, thence down the main channel of said stream to the place of beginning.

El Paso County was named for the Spanish language name for Ute Pass north of Pikes Peak.

The Jefferson Territory never received federal sanction, but on February 28, 1861, U.S. President James Buchanan signed an act organizing the Territory of Colorado. On November 1, 1861, the Colorado General Assembly organized 17 counties, including El Paso County and Pueblo County, for the new Colorado Territory.


abstract: The 1969–70 Jacksonville Dolphins men's basketball team represented Jacksonville University during the 1969–70 NCAA University Division basketball season. The independent Dolphins were led by sixth-year head coach Joe Williams and played their home games at the Jacksonville Coliseum. The sixth-ranked Dolphins finished the regular season at 23–1 (.958) and were invited to the NCAA tournament. In the Mideast regional, they defeated Western Kentucky, No. 7 Iowa, and No. 1 Kentucky to advance to the Final Four; through 2021, it remains the program's only trip. The Dolphins defeated No. 3 St. Bonaventure to advance to the national championship game against second-ranked UCLA; the Bruins won their fourth straight NCAA title, and Jacksonville ended the season at 27–2 (.931) overall.

text:
# 1969–70 Jacksonville Dolphins men's basketball team

1969–70 NCAA University Division men's basketball independents standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | PCT |  |  | W |  | L |  | PCT |
| No. 4 Jacksonville |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 27 |  | 2 |  | .931 |
| No. 5 New Mexico State |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 27 |  | 3 |  | .900 |
| No. 8 Marquette |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 26 |  | 3 |  | .897 |
| No. 3 St. Bonaventure |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 25 |  | 3 |  | .893 |
| No. 11 Florida State |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 23 |  | 3 |  | .885 |
| No. 12 Houston |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 25 |  | 5 |  | .833 |
| Army |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 22 |  | 6 |  | .786 |
| No. 17 Niagara |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 22 |  | 7 |  | .759 |
| No. 16 Utah State |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 22 |  | 7 |  | .759 |
| Villanova |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 22 |  | 7 |  | .759 |
| No. 9 Notre Dame |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 21 |  | 8 |  | .724 |
| St. John's |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 21 |  | 8 |  | .724 |
| Georgetown |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 18 |  | 7 |  | .720 |
| Duquesne |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 17 |  | 7 |  | .708 |
| Dayton |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 19 |  | 8 |  | .704 |
| Manhattan |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 18 |  | 8 |  | .692 |
| Hardin–Simmons |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 17 |  | 9 |  | .654 |
| Holy Cross |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 16 |  | 9 |  | .640 |
| Long Island |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 16 |  | 9 |  | .640 |
| Georgia Tech |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 17 |  | 10 |  | .630 |
| Creighton |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 15 |  | 10 |  | .600 |
| Seattle |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 15 |  | 10 |  | .600 |
| Boston University |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 14 |  | 10 |  | .583 |
| Butler |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 15 |  | 11 |  | .577 |
| Oklahoma City |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 17 |  | 13 |  | .567 |
| Fairleigh Dickinson |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 13 |  | 10 |  | .565 |
| Southern Illinois |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 13 |  | 10 |  | .565 |
| Colgate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 14 |  | 11 |  | .560 |
| Providence |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 14 |  | 11 |  | .560 |
| Denver |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 13 |  | 11 |  | .542 |
| Loyola (IL) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 13 |  | 11 |  | .542 |
| Penn State |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 13 |  | 11 |  | .542 |
| Rutgers |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 13 |  | 11 |  | .542 |
| Saint Peter's |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 13 |  | 11 |  | .542 |
| Northern Illinois |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 13 |  | 12 |  | .520 |
| Air Force |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12 |  | 12 |  | .500 |
| Fairfield |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12 |  | 12 |  | .500 |
| Iona |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12 |  | 12 |  | .500 |
| NYU |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12 |  | 12 |  | .500 |
| Pittsburgh |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12 |  | 12 |  | .500 |
| Saint Francis (PA) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12 |  | 12 |  | .500 |
| Syracuse |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12 |  | 12 |  | .500 |
| DePaul |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12 |  | 13 |  | .480 |
| West Texas State |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12 |  | 13 |  | .480 |
| Loyola (LA) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12 |  | 14 |  | .462 |
| Boston College |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 11 |  | 13 |  | .458 |
| Virginia Tech |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10 |  | 12 |  | .455 |
| St. Francis (NY) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 9 |  | 12 |  | .429 |
| West Virginia |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 11 |  | 15 |  | .423 |
| Canisius |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 9 |  | 13 |  | .409 |
| Fordham |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10 |  | 15 |  | .400 |
| Seton Hall |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10 |  | 15 |  | .400 |
| Marshall |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 9 |  | 14 |  | .391 |
| Miami (FL) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 9 |  | 17 |  | .346 |
| Centenary |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8 |  | 16 |  | .333 |
| Pan American |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8 |  | 16 |  | .333 |
| Detroit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7 |  | 18 |  | .280 |
| Tulane |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5 |  | 18 |  | .217 |
| Xavier |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5 |  | 20 |  | .200 |
| Navy |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4 |  | 19 |  | .174 |
| Portland |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4 |  | 22 |  | .154 |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Rankings from AP Poll | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The **1969–70 Jacksonville Dolphins men's basketball team** represented Jacksonville University during the 1969–70 NCAA University Division basketball season. The independent Dolphins were led by sixth-year head coach Joe Williams and played their home games at the Jacksonville Coliseum.

The sixth-ranked Dolphins finished the regular season at 23–1 (.958) and were invited to the NCAA tournament. In the Mideast regional, they defeated Western Kentucky, No. 7 Iowa, and No. 1 Kentucky to advance to the Final Four; through 2021, it remains the program's only trip. The Dolphins defeated No. 3 St. Bonaventure to advance to the national championship game against second-ranked UCLA; the Bruins won their fourth straight NCAA title, and Jacksonville ended the season at 27–2 (.931) overall.

## Previous season

Jacksonville finished the 1968–69 season at 17–7 (.708).

## Season summary

The Dolphins were led by 7 ft 2 in (2.18 m) center Artis Gilmore. A two-time All-America honoree (in 1969–70 and 1970–71), Gilmore led the nation in rebounding both seasons. He finished his career with 1,312 points (24.3 average) and 1,224 rebounds (22.7).

The game against Georgetown on December 18 was stopped with 1:23 remaining in the first half following successive brawls between players from both teams and fans. Georgetown head coach Jack Magee pulled his team from the court and Jacksonville was awarded the win.

The Dolphins lost the national championship game to UCLA despite taking an early lead. UCLA narrowed the lead and took over with 1:20 left in the first half. The Bruins never trailed again as they pulled away for the 80–69 win.

## Roster

| 1969–70 Jacksonville Dolphins men's basketball team | |
| --- | --- |
| Players | Coaches |
| Pos. # Name Height Weight Year Hometown  Rusty Baldwin 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m)  So   Mike Blevins 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)     PF 42 Pembrook Burrows 7 ft 0 in (2.13 m)  Jr   Chip Dublin   Jr   53 Artis Gilmore 7 ft 2 in (2.18 m) 240 lb (109 kg) Jr Chipley, Florida  Dan Hawkins 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)  Sr   Curtis Kruer 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)  So   Rod McIntyre 6 ft 10 in (2.08 m)  Sr   24 Rex Morgan 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) 185 lb (84 kg) Sr Charleston, Illinois  Gregg Nelson 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m)  Jr   Ken Selke   Sr   Vaughn Wedeking 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m)  Jr | Head coach Assistant coach(es)   ---  Legend* **(C)** Team captain * **(S)** Suspended * **(I)** Ineligible * **(W)** Walk-on |

Source

## Schedule and results

| Date
time, TV | Rank# | Opponent# | Result | Record | High points | High rebounds | High assists | Site (attendance)
city, state |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Regular season | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 1, 1969*
 |  | East Tennessee State
*Sunshine Classic semifinal* | **W** 92–74 | 1–0
 |  |  |  | Jacksonville Memorial Coliseum
Jacksonville, FL |
| December 2, 1969*
 |  | Morehead State
*Sunshine Classic championship* | **W** 117–63 | 2–0
 |  |  |  | Jacksonville Memorial Coliseum
Jacksonville, FL |
| December 9, 1969*
 |  | Mercer | **W** 102–62 | 3–0
 |  | 32  Gilmore |  | Jacksonville Memorial Coliseum
Jacksonville, FL |
| December 13, 1969*
 |  | St. Thomas (FL)
*Sunshine Classic championship* | **W** 130–65 | 4–0
 |  | 30  Gilmore |  | Jacksonville Memorial Coliseum
Jacksonville, FL |
| December 18, 1969*
 | No. 18 | Georgetown | **W** 41–26 | 5–0
 |  |  |  | Jacksonville Memorial Coliseum
Jacksonville, FL |
| December 22, 1969*
 | No. 18 | Harvard | **W** 103–64 | 6–0
 |  |  |  | Jacksonville Memorial Coliseum
Jacksonville, FL |
| December 26, 1969*
 | No. 13 | vs. Arizona
*Evansville Invite semifinal* | **W** 104–72 | 7–0
 |  |  |  | Roberts Municipal Stadium
Evansville, IN |
| December 27, 1969*
 | No. 13 | vs. Evansville
*Evansville Invite championship* | **W** 100–70 | 8–0
 |  |  |  | Roberts Municipal Stadium
Evansville, IN |
| January 2, 1970*
 | No. 10 | at Hawaii | **W** 100–78 | 9–0
 |  |  |  | Neal S. Blaisdell Center
Honolulu, HI |
| January 5, 1970*
 | No. 10 | at Hawaii | **W** 63–58 | 10–0
 |  |  |  | Neal S. Blaisdell Center
Honolulu, HI |
| January 9, 1970*
 | No. 7 | Richmond | **W** 113–77 | 11–0
 |  |  |  | Jacksonville Memorial Coliseum
Jacksonville, FL |
| January 10, 1970*
 | No. 7 | Miami | **W** 121–87 | 12–0
 |  |  |  | Jacksonville Memorial Coliseum
Jacksonville, FL |
| January 16, 1970*
 | No. 6 | Virgin Islands | **W** 114–66 | 13–0
 |  |  |  | Jacksonville Memorial Coliseum
Jacksonville, FL |
| January 27, 1970*
 | No. 6 | at No. 18 Florida State | **L** 83–89 | 13–1
 |  |  |  | Tully Gymnasium
Tallahassee, FL |
| January 30, 1970*
 | No. 6 | Saint Peter's | **W** 121–101 | 14–1
 | 46  Gilmore | 30  Gilmore |  | Jacksonville Memorial Coliseum
Jacksonville, FL |
| February 2, 1970*
 | No. 8 | Iona | **W** 110–75 | 15–1
 |  |  |  | Jacksonville Memorial Coliseum
Jacksonville, FL |
| February 5, 1970*
 | No. 8 | at East Carolina | **W** 111–94 | 16–1
 |  |  |  | Williams Arena at Minges Coliseum
Greenville, NC |
| February 6, 1970*
 | No. 8 | at Richmond | **W** 88–49 | 17–1
 |  |  |  | Richmond Arena
Richmond, VA |
| February 13, 1970*
 | No. 7 | at Oklahoma City | **W** 103–83 | 18–1
 |  |  |  | Frederickson Fieldhouse
Oklahoma City, OK |
| February 14, 1970*
 | No. 7 | at Loyola (LA) | **W** 96–75 | 19–1
 |  |  |  | The Field House
New Orleans, LA |
| February 18, 1970*
 | No. 6 | No. 18 Florida State | **W** 85–81 | 20–1
 |  |  |  | Jacksonville Memorial Coliseum
Jacksonville, FL |
| February 24, 1970*
 | No. 6 | Oklahoma City | **W** 77–75 | 21–1
 |  |  |  | Jacksonville Memorial Coliseum
Jacksonville, FL |
| February 26, 1970*
 | No. 6 | at Georgia Tech | **W** 86–81 | 22–1
 |  |  |  | Alexander Memorial Coliseum
Atlanta, GA |
| March 2, 1970*
 | No. 6 | at Miami | **W** 108–97 | 23–1
 |  |  |  | Miami Beach Convention Center
Miami, FL |
| NCAA Tournament | | | | | | | | | | | |
| March 7, 1970*
 | No. 6 | vs. No. 12 Western Kentucky
*Regional Quarterfinal* | **W** 109–96 | 24–1
 | 30  Gilmore | 19  Gilmore |  | University of Dayton Arena
Dayton, OH |
| March 12, 1970*
 | No. 4 | vs. No. 7 Iowa
*Regional semifinal* | **W** 104–103 | 25–1
 | 30  Gilmore | 17  Gilmore |  | St. John Arena
Columbus, OH |
| March 14, 1970*
 | No. 4 | vs. No. 1 Kentucky
*Regional final* | **W** 106–100 | 26–1
 | 28  Morgan | 20  Gilmore |  | St. John Arena
Columbus, OH |
| March 19, 1970*
7:40 pm | No. 4 | vs. No. 3 St. Bonaventure
*National semifinal* | **W** 91–83 | 27–1
 | 29  Gilmore | 21  Gilmore |  | Cole Fieldhouse (14,380)
College Park, MD |
| March 21, 1970*
4:00 pm | No. 4 | vs. No. 2 UCLA
*National Championship Game* | **L** 69–80 | 27–2
 | 19  Gilmore | 16  Gilmore |  | Cole Fieldhouse (14,380)
College Park, MD |
| *Non-conference game. #Rankings from AP Poll. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses.
ME=Mideast.
All times are in Eastern time. | | | | | | | | | | | |

Source:

## Rankings

Ranking movements
**Legend:** ██ Increase in ranking ██ Decrease in ranking
— = Not ranked т = Tied with team above or below
|  | Week | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Poll | Pre | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | Final |
| AP |  | 18 | 18 | 13 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 4 |
| Coaches |  | 20-т | 19 | 19 | 10 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 |

## Awards and honors

## Team players in the 1970 NBA draft

| Round | Pick | Player | NBA Club |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2 | 21 | Rex Morgan | Boston Celtics |

## InfoBox

| 1969–70 Jacksonville Dolphins men's basketball | |
| --- | --- |
| NCAA tournament, Runner-up
Mideast Regional Champions | |
| National Championship Game,
L 69-80 vs. UCLA | |
| Conference | Independent |
| Ranking | |
| Coaches | No. 5 |
| AP | No. 4 |
| Record | 27–2 |
| Head coach |  |
| Assistant coaches | * Tom Wasdin (4th season) * Bill Coulthart (1st season) |
| Home arena | Jacksonville Coliseum |
|


title: Elachista physalodes

abstract: Elachista physalodes is a moth of the family Elachistidae. It is native to Australia but has also been found in New Zealand.

text:
# Elachista physalodes

***Elachista physalodes*** is a moth of the family Elachistidae. It is native to Australia but has also been found in New Zealand.

## InfoBox

| *Elachista physalodes* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Elachistidae |
| Genus: | *Elachista* |
| Species: | ***E. physalodes*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Elachista physalodes***<br>Kaila, 2011 | |
|


title: 109 (number)

abstract: 109 is the natural number following 108 and preceding 110.

text:
# 109 (number)

**109** (**one hundred \[and\] nine**) is the natural number following 108 and preceding 110.

## In mathematics

109 is the 29th prime number. As 29 is itself prime, 109 is the tenth super-prime. The previous prime is 107, making them both twin primes.

109 is a centered triangular number.

There are exactly:

* 109 different families of subsets of a three-element set whose union includes all three elements.
* 109 different loops (invertible but not necessarily associative binary operations with an identity) on six elements.
* 109 squares on an infinite chessboard that can be reached by a knight within three moves.

There are 109 uniform edge-colorings to the 11 regular and semiregular (or Archimedean) tilings.

The decimal expansion of 1/109 can be computed using the alternating series, with $F(n)$ the $n^{th}$ Fibonacci number:

$$\frac {1}{109}=\sum \_{n=1}^{\infty }{F(n)\times 10^{-(n+1)}\times (-1)^{n+1}=0.00917431\dots }$$

The decimal expansion of 1/109 has 108 digits, making 109 a full reptend prime in decimal. The last six digits of the 108-digit cycle are 853211, the first six Fibonacci numbers in descending order.

## Other fields

109 is also the atomic number of meitnerium.

## InfoBox

| 108 109 110 | |
| --- | --- |
| 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109    100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 | |
| Cardinal | one hundred nine |
| Ordinal | 109th
(one hundred ninth) |
| Factorization | prime |
| Prime | 29th |
| Divisors | 1, 109 |
| Greek numeral | ΡΘ´ |
| Roman numeral | CIX |
| Binary | 11011012 |
| Ternary | 110013 |
| Senary | 3016 |
| Octal | 1558 |
| Duodecimal | 9112 |
| Hexadecimal | 6D16 |


title: 119th Wing

abstract: The 119th Wing is a composite unit of the North Dakota Air National Guard, stationed at Fargo Air National Guard Base, North Dakota. If activated to federal service, elements of the Wing are gained by the United States Air Force Air Combat Command.

text:
# 119th Wing

The **119th Wing (119 WG)** is a composite unit of the North Dakota Air National Guard, stationed at Fargo Air National Guard Base, North Dakota. If activated to federal service, elements of the Wing are gained by the United States Air Force Air Combat Command.

## Overview

The mission of the 119th Wing is both reconnaissance and airlift. The 178th Reconnaissance Squadron includes operations of the MQ-1 Predator. The MQ-1 Predator is a medium-altitude, long-endurance, remotely piloted aircraft.

## Units

The 119th Wing is composed of the following units:

* 119th Operations Group

177th Intelligence Squadron 178th Attack Squadron * 119th Maintenance Group
* 119th Mission Support Group
* 119th Medical Group
* 219th Security Forces Squadron (Minot AFB, ND)

## History

On 1 July 1955, the North Dakota Air National Guard 178th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron was authorized to expand to a group level, and the **119th Fighter Group (Air Defense)** was established by the National Guard Bureau. The 178th FIS becoming the group's flying squadron. Other squadrons assigned into the group were the 119th Headquarters, 119th Material Squadron (Maintenance), 119th Combat Support Squadron, and the 119th USAF Dispensary.

The "Happy Hooligan" pilots were upgraded by ADC to the F-89 Scorpion in 1958, being one of the last units to fly the aircraft in 1966 when it received the supersonic F-102A Delta Dagger interceptor in 1966. It was again upgraded in 1969 to the F-101B Voodoo interceptor. In 1979, Aerospace Defense Command (ADCOM) was merged into Tactical Air Command (ADTAC) and the unit continued its air defense mission for ADTAC component of TAC with the F-4D Phantom II, transferring to First Air Force when ADTAC was replaced in 1985.

In 1970, the Happy Hooligans won their first William Tell International Weapons Competition. The event was held at Tyndall AFB, FL, and featured the F-101B. The following is a condensed recount of the 1970 Willy Tell event from retired NDANG weapons system officer (WSO) Lt. Col. Art Jacobson:

"The unit was new in the F-101 ‘Voodoo’ aircraft, beginning the conversion from the F-102 ‘Delta Dagger’ less than a year earlier, and faced many obstacles for the historic victory. The F-102 was a single seat aircraft and the F-101 was a two-seater. The NDANG had no trained WSOs at the beginning of the conversion.

In addition, the runway at Fargo was being re-paved that summer, and only open for limited hours. NDANG aircraft were moved to Sioux Falls and training missions had to be flown from there. Every morning crews boarded the NDANG C-54 for the flight to Sioux Falls, and after a long day of flying, the return trip. It made for very long days and real headaches for tools and parts for the maintenance guys.

One afternoon during the contest at Tyndall AFB, there was a thunderstorm soon after we landed. Our crew chiefs hastened to cover the aircraft nose and radome, while the competition ran for cover. The next morning the other airplanes had big problems with radar arcing, while we flew good missions with no problems.

The NDANG went on to participate in later William Tells (and was crowned overall winner three more times), but I think this one, as the first win, got the Air Force’s attention and showed what an outstanding unit the Fargo NDANG was. It was also a big matter of civic pride for Fargo.

An NDANG aircrew (Capt. Art Jacobson and Capt. Jim Reimers) won the top scoring Apple Splitter Trophy (later changed to Top Gun Award), and Happy Hooligan, Reimers, was the Top Gun pilot for the event."

The first overseas deployment of the North Dakota Air Guard occurred in 1983, with six F-4s and 120 support personnel deploying to NAS Keflavik, Iceland. Eight Soviet Tupolev Tu-95 "Bear" bombers were intercepted by Hooligan pilots during the deployment. In 1986, the 119th Fighter Group became the first core unit to assume the USAF Zulu alert mission at Ramstein Air Base, West Germany. Referred to as "Creek Klaxon", the 119th and other Air Defense units rotated to Ramstein and stood continuous alert for one year, providing air sovereignty in Western Europe for NATO. During Operation Desert Storm in 1991, 107 Happy Hooligans were mobilized and deployed in support of operations at numerous CONUS locations.

The 178th FS converted from the F-4 Phantom to the F-16A/B Fighting Falcon in mid-1990. The first aircraft were older block 5 and 10 models with some block 15 aircraft also being delivered to the squadron. Main task for the unit was air defense, as with many ANG units who were equipped with the F-16. In 1991 the F-16s were brought up to the Air Defense Fighter (ADF) variant. This meant a serious leap in performance and capability of this squadron in their defensive role.

The Hooligans earned first place at the October 1994 William Tell competition, a worldwide weapons meet which tests pilots and ground crews from the U.S. Air Force's top units in realistic, air-to-air combat situations. This was the Hooligans third William Tell victory, winning in 1970, 1972, and 1994, in addition to placing first among F-4 William Tell units in 1986. In 1994 the NDANG won the prestigious Hughes Trophy which recognizes the most outstanding air-to-air unit in the U.S. Air Force. The only Air National Guard unit to win the award twice, the Hooligans are also the only F-16 unit to ever win the Hughes Trophy.

A permanent alert detachment was established at Kingsley Field, Oregon, beginning 1 October 1989. The detachment, staffed by 18 members, was relocated to March Air Force Base, California, in July 1994 when the Oregon ANG took over full operation of Kingsley. An announcement was made in March 1999 that the squadron would convert from an air defense mission to a general purpose mission with 15 F-16A/B aircraft while activating an alert detachment at Langley AFB, Virginia.

### Current status

In its 2005 BRAC Recommendations, DoD recommended to realign the mission of the North Dakota Air National Guard. The 119th Fighter Wing's F-16As (15 aircraft) would retire, with the aircraft reaching the end of their operational life. The reduction in F-16 force structure and the need to align common versions of the F-16 at the same bases argued for realigning the 119th Fighter Wing to allow its aircraft to retire without a flying mission backfill. In Jan 2007, the 119th officially retired the F-16 mission after 60 years of successful air defense interceptor missions.

Replacing the F-16s in 2007, the squadron began to receive the C-21A Learjet, being re-designated as an Airlift Squadron. The C-21 has with room for eight VIP passengers and 42 ft3 (1.26 m3) of cargo. In addition to its normal role, the aircraft is capable of transporting litters during medical evacuations.

Later in 2007, it was announced that C-21 operations would be transferred to the newly activated ND ANG 177th Airlift Squadron, and the 179th would convert to the MQ-1 Predator, being re-designated as a Reconnaissance Squadron. In 2008 the first Predator was received.

In 2009, the 177th Airlift Squadron deployed to Iraq in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. It was the first deployment into a combat zone for the North Dakota Air National Guard. The squadron transported more than 400 service members during their two-month-long rotation in theater. They accomplished this by flying more than 200 sorties during 90 missions, as part of the 379th Expeditionary Operations Group. In 2013, the squadron was programmed to receive the twin-turboprop C-27J Spartan medium transport aircraft but this did not materialize. In the same year, the C-21 mission was retired.

## Lineage

* Constituted as the **119th Fighter Group** (Air Defense) and allotted to the Air National Guard

Activated and extended federal recognition on 16 April 1956 Redesignated **119th Fighter-Interceptor Group** on 1 July 1972 Redesignated **119th Fighter Group** on 23 March 1992 Redesignated **119th Fighter Wing** on 17 October 1995 Redesignated **119th Airlift Wing** on 1 October 2007 Redesignated **119th Wing** on 1 March 2008

### Assignments

Gaining Commands Air Defense Command (later Aerospace Defense Command), 16 April 1956 Tactical Air Command, 1 October 1979 Air Combat Command, 1 June 1992 Gained by: Air Mobility Command, 1 October 2007 177th Airlift Squadron gained by: Air Mobility Command, 11 March 2008–2013 178th Reconnaissance Squadron gained by: Air Combat Command, 11 March 2008–Present

### Components

Detachment at Kingsley Field, Oregon, 1 October 1989 – 31 July 1994 Detachment at March Joint Air Reserve Base, California, 1 August 1994 – June 2007 Detachment at Langley Air Force Base, Virginia, 1 March 1999 – June 2007

### Stations

### Aircraft

### Decorations

This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

## InfoBox

| 119th Wing | |
| --- | --- |
| 178th Reconnaissance Squadron MQ-1B Predator

177th Airlift Squadron C-21A Learjet | |
| Active | 1 March 2008–Present |
| Country | United States |
| Allegiance | North Dakota |
| Branch | Air National Guard |
| Type | Wing |
| Role | Composite (Intelligence, Airlift) |
| Part of | North Dakota Air National Guard |
| Garrison/HQ | Fargo Air National Guard Base, North Dakota. |
| Nickname(s) | "Happy Hooligans" |
| Motto(s) | "Guarding the Northland" |
| Tail Code | Red tail stripe, "Happy Hooligans" in white letters |
| Commanders | |
| Current
commander | Colonel Thomas Hatley |
| Insignia | |
| 119th Wing emblem |  |


title: 119th meridian east

abstract: The meridian 119° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Indian Ocean, Australasia, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole. The 119th meridian east forms a great circle with the 61st meridian west.

text:
# 119th meridian east

119°class=notpageimage|119th meridian east

The **meridian 119° east of Greenwich** is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Indian Ocean, Australasia, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 119th meridian east forms a great circle with the 61st meridian west.

## From Pole to Pole

Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 119th meridian east passes through:

| Co-ordinates | Country, territory or sea | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 90°0′N 119°0′E / 90.000°N 119.000°E / 90.000; 119.000 (Arctic Ocean) | Arctic Ocean |  |
| 78°29′N 119°0′E / 78.483°N 119.000°E / 78.483; 119.000 (Laptev Sea) | Laptev Sea |  |
| 73°7′N 119°0′E / 73.117°N 119.000°E / 73.117; 119.000 (Russia) | Russia | Sakha Republic
Irkutsk Oblast — from 58°33′N 119°0′E / 58.550°N 119.000°E / 58.550; 119.000 (Irkutsk Oblast)
Zabaykalsky Krai — from 58°14′N 119°0′E / 58.233°N 119.000°E / 58.233; 119.000 (Zabaykalsky Krai) |
| 49°59′N 119°0′E / 49.983°N 119.000°E / 49.983; 119.000 (China) | People's Republic of China | Inner Mongolia |
| 47°44′N 119°0′E / 47.733°N 119.000°E / 47.733; 119.000 (Mongolia) | Mongolia |  |
| 46°47′N 119°0′E / 46.783°N 119.000°E / 46.783; 119.000 (China) | People's Republic of China | Inner Mongolia
Hebei – from 41°15′N 119°0′E / 41.250°N 119.000°E / 41.250; 119.000 (Hebei)
Liaoning – from 41°3′N 119°0′E / 41.050°N 119.000°E / 41.050; 119.000 (Liaoning)
Hebei – from 40°38′N 119°0′E / 40.633°N 119.000°E / 40.633; 119.000 (Hebei) |
| 39°12′N 119°0′E / 39.200°N 119.000°E / 39.200; 119.000 (Bohai Sea) | Bohai Sea |  |
| 37°56′N 119°0′E / 37.933°N 119.000°E / 37.933; 119.000 (China) | People's Republic of China | Shandong |
| 37°38′N 119°0′E / 37.633°N 119.000°E / 37.633; 119.000 (Bohai Sea) | Bohai Sea | Laizhou Bay |
| 37°17′N 119°0′E / 37.283°N 119.000°E / 37.283; 119.000 (China) | People's Republic of China | Shandong
Jiangsu – from 35°2′N 119°0′E / 35.033°N 119.000°E / 35.033; 119.000 (Hebei)
Anhui – from 32°56′N 119°0′E / 32.933°N 119.000°E / 32.933; 119.000 (Anhui)
Jiangsu – from 32°33′N 119°0′E / 32.550°N 119.000°E / 32.550; 119.000 (Jiangsu)
Anhui – from 31°14′N 119°0′E / 31.233°N 119.000°E / 31.233; 119.000 (Anhui)
Zhejiang – from 30°18′N 119°0′E / 30.300°N 119.000°E / 30.300; 119.000 (Zhejiang)
Fujian – from 27°26′N 119°0′E / 27.433°N 119.000°E / 27.433; 119.000 (Fujian) |
| 24°56′N 119°0′E / 24.933°N 119.000°E / 24.933; 119.000 (South China Sea) | South China Sea |  |
| 10°27′N 119°0′E / 10.450°N 119.000°E / 10.450; 119.000 (Philippines) | Philippines | Island of Palawan |
| 10°0′N 119°0′E / 10.000°N 119.000°E / 10.000; 119.000 (Sulu Sea) | Sulu Sea |  |
| 5°25′N 119°0′E / 5.417°N 119.000°E / 5.417; 119.000 (Malaysia) | Malaysia | Sabah – island of Borneo |
| 5°3′N 119°0′E / 5.050°N 119.000°E / 5.050; 119.000 (Celebes Sea) | Celebes Sea | Passing just east of Cape Mangkalihat, Borneo,  Indonesia (at 1°1′N 118°59′E / 1.017°N 118.983°E / 1.017; 118.983 (Cape Mangkalihat)) |
| 1°1′N 119°0′E / 1.017°N 119.000°E / 1.017; 119.000 (Makassar Strait) | Makassar Strait |  |
| 2°37′S 119°0′E / 2.617°S 119.000°E / -2.617; 119.000 (Indonesia) | Indonesia | Island of Sulawesi |
| 3°32′S 119°0′E / 3.533°S 119.000°E / -3.533; 119.000 (Makassar Strait) | Makassar Strait |  |
| 5°24′S 119°0′E / 5.400°S 119.000°E / -5.400; 119.000 (Java Sea) | Java Sea |  |
| 6°20′S 119°0′E / 6.333°S 119.000°E / -6.333; 119.000 (Flores Sea) | Flores Sea | Passing by numerous small islands of  Indonesia (at 6°50′S 119°0′E / 6.833°S 119.000°E / -6.833; 119.000)
Passing just west of the island of Sangeang,  Indonesia (at 8°12′S 119°0′E / 8.200°S 119.000°E / -8.200; 119.000 (Sangeang)) |
| 8°24′S 119°0′E / 8.400°S 119.000°E / -8.400; 119.000 (Indonesia) | Indonesia | Island of Sumbawa |
| 8°45′S 119°0′E / 8.750°S 119.000°E / -8.750; 119.000 (Sumba Strait) | Sumba Strait |  |
| 9°27′S 119°0′E / 9.450°S 119.000°E / -9.450; 119.000 (Indonesia) | Indonesia | Island of Sumba |
| 9°38′S 119°0′E / 9.633°S 119.000°E / -9.633; 119.000 (Indian Ocean) | Indian Ocean |  |
| 20°2′S 119°0′E / 20.033°S 119.000°E / -20.033; 119.000 (Australia) | Australia | Western Australia |
| 34°27′S 119°0′E / 34.450°S 119.000°E / -34.450; 119.000 (Indian Ocean) | Indian Ocean | Australian authorities consider this to be part of the Southern Ocean |
| 60°0′S 119°0′E / 60.000°S 119.000°E / -60.000; 119.000 (Southern Ocean) | Southern Ocean |  |
| 66°55′S 119°0′E / 66.917°S 119.000°E / -66.917; 119.000 (Antarctica) | Antarctica | Australian Antarctic Territory, claimed by  Australia |
|


title: Angelov (village)

abstract: Angelov is a village in Gabrovo Municipality, in Gabrovo Province, in northern central Bulgaria.

text:
# Angelov (village)

**Angelov** is a village in Gabrovo Municipality, in Gabrovo Province, in northern central Bulgaria.

## InfoBox

| Angelov | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Angelov | |
| Coordinates: 42°55′N 25°22′E / 42.917°N 25.367°E / 42.917; 25.367 | |
| Country | Bulgaria |
| Province | Gabrovo Province |
| Municipality | Gabrovo |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |


title: 1051

abstract: Year 1051 (MLI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.

text:
# 1051

1051 in various calendars
| Gregorian calendar | 1051
*MLI* |
| --- | --- |
| Ab urbe condita | 1804 |
| Armenian calendar | 500
ԹՎ Շ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5801 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 972–973 |
| Bengali calendar | 458 |
| Berber calendar | 2001 |
| English Regnal year | *N/A* |
| Buddhist calendar | 1595 |
| Burmese calendar | 413 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6559–6560 |
| Chinese calendar | 庚寅年 (Metal Tiger)
3748 or 3541
*to*
辛卯年 (Metal Rabbit)
3749 or 3542 |
| Coptic calendar | 767–768 |
| Discordian calendar | 2217 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1043–1044 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4811–4812 |
| Hindu calendars |  |
| \- *Vikram Samvat* | 1107–1108 |
| \- *Shaka Samvat* | 972–973 |
| \- *Kali Yuga* | 4151–4152 |
| Holocene calendar | 11051 |
| Igbo calendar | 51–52 |
| Iranian calendar | 429–430 |
| Islamic calendar | 442–443 |
| Japanese calendar | Eishō 6
(永承６年) |
| Javanese calendar | 954–955 |
| Julian calendar | 1051
*MLI* |
| Korean calendar | 3384 |
| Minguo calendar | 861 before ROC
民前861年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −417 |
| Seleucid era | 1362/1363 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1593–1594 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阳金虎年
(male Iron-Tiger)
1177 or 796 or 24
*to*
阴金兔年
(female Iron-Rabbit)
1178 or 797 or 25 |

Year **1051** (**MLI**) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

## Events

### By place

#### Continental Europe

#### England

* Eustace II, count of Boulogne, visits England and is received with honour at the court by King Edward the Confessor. In Dover a fight breaks out between the Norman visitors and the locals, resulting in the deaths of several people. Edward blames the people of Dover and orders Godwin, earl of Wessex, to deal with them. Godwin refuses to obey Edward's order, and in response Edward raises an army and forces the Godwin family into exile.
* Edward the Confessor invites William of Normandy to England. It is at this point that it is thought that Edward promises the English throne to William in the event of his death.
* Heregeld, commonly known as Danegeld, is abolished by Edward the Confessor. It has been collected for many years to provide funds for defending the country from Viking raiders.

### By topic

#### Religion

## Births

## Deaths

## InfoBox

| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
| --- | --- |
| Centuries: |  |
| Decades: |  |
| Years: |  |


title: Ankova

abstract: Ankova is a genus of moths in the subfamily Lymantriinae.

text:
# Ankova

***Ankova*** is a genus of moths in the subfamily Lymantriinae.

## Species

## InfoBox

| *Ankova* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Subfamily: | Lymantriinae |
| Tribe: | Lymantriini |
| Genus: | ***Ankova***<br>Griveaud, 1976 |
|
| Species | |
| See text | |


title: El estrangulador

abstract: El estrangulador is a 1994 novel by Manuel Vázquez Montalbán. The book was published on Oct 31, 1994 through Grijalbo Mondadori and focuses around a psychiatric patient that gives a potentially unreliable narration of his life. The book has received some praise for its content and won the Premio de la Crítica Española award in 1995.

text:
# El estrangulador

***El estrangulador*** (English, *The Strangler*) is a 1994 novel by Manuel Vázquez Montalbán. The book was published on Oct 31, 1994 through Grijalbo Mondadori and focuses around a psychiatric patient that gives a potentially unreliable narration of his life. The book has received some praise for its content and won the *Premio de la Crítica Española* award in 1995.

## Synopsis

The book follows an unnamed narrator that is currently living in a psychiatric hospital. Through the book the narrator talks about the people he has killed and claims to be responsible for a series of murders in Boston. Vázquez Montalbán wrote the book in such a manner that the reader is left to decide whether or not the narrator has committed as many or any of the murders he claims to have performed.

## InfoBox

El estrangulador
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Manuel Vázquez Montalbán |
| Language | Spanish |
| Publisher | Grijalbo Mondadori |
| Publication date | Oct 31, 1994 |
| Media type | Print |


title: Ankers Bower

abstract: Ankers Bower is a townland and hill in St. Mary's civil parish in the barony of Brawny, County Westmeath, Ireland. It is partly within the former urban district of Athlone. The name may derive from John Ankers, who was vicar of St. Mary's in 1608.

text:
# Ankers Bower

**Ankers Bower** (also **Anker's Bower**, **Ankers' Bower**, **Ankersbower**, or **Anchor's Bower**) is a townland and hill in St. Mary's civil parish in the barony of Brawny, County Westmeath, Ireland. It is partly within the former urban district of Athlone. The name may derive from John Ankers, who was vicar of St. Mary's in 1608.

## Population and area

The townland of Ankersbower, which has an area of 58.38 acres (23.63 ha), was uninhabited in 1841 and 1851, and had a population of 60 in 1861. The decennial censuses of Ireland from 1841 to 1911 included demographic data broken down by townland, except that from 1871 the area under the jurisdiction of town commissioners was combined into a single figure, with any rural portion of a townland listed separately. The rural portion of Ankersbower in 1871–1911 was uninhabited; its area was 21.96875 acres (8.89044 ha) in 1891 and 22.7625 acres (9.2117 ha) in 1911. A 2003 statutory instrument, the Athlone Town Boundary Alteration Order, 2003, included more of the townland within the Athlone town boundary; the Local Government Reform Act 2014 abolished Athlone town council.

Sitting largely within the town of Athlone in the Athlone East Urban electoral division, the townland had a population of 341 as of the 2011 census.

## InfoBox

| Ankers Bower | |
| --- | --- |
| Townland | |
| Shops along R446 road in the northern part of Ankers Bower | |
| Coordinates: 53°25′12″N 7°55′32″W / 53.420°N 7.9255°W / 53.420; -7.9255 | |
| Civil parish | St. Mary's |
| County | County Westmeath |
| Country | Ireland |


title: Ankerbrua

abstract: Ankerbrua is a bridge located in the district of Grünerløkka in Oslo, Norway.

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# Ankerbrua

**Ankerbrua** is a bridge located in the district of Grünerløkka in Oslo, Norway.

## History

Ankerbrua was built over the Aker River (*Akerselva*) to serve as an extension of Torggata along Ankertorget with Søndre gate. The former wooden bridge was constructed in 1874. After several landslides on muddy terrain, it was demolished. It was replaced by the current structure in 1926, being made of Drammen granite from Røyken. The walls of the bridge have an irregular pattern and rough surface in the Art Nouveau style.

During plans to renovate the Grünerløkka borough in the 1960s, Ankerbrua was one of the few structures selected to be preserved.

The bridge has been nicknamed the Fairytale Bridge (*Eventyrbrua*) due to its four sculptures, one in each corner. These sculptures were designed by Norwegian sculptor and artist, Dyre Vaa. Cast from bronze in 1937, each figure represents a different Norwegian folk hero from Norwegian Folktales.

The motifs are:


title: 11th British Academy Games Awards

abstract: The 11th British Academy Video Games Awards ceremony, presented by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA), honored video games of 2014 and took place on 12 March 2015 at the Tobacco Dock in London, beginning at 7:00pm (GMT). During the ceremony, BAFTA presented awards in 16 categories. The ceremony, broadcast live on streaming website Twitch, was hosted by comedian Rufus Hound. Monument Valley and The Last of Us: Left Behind won two awards each, while Destiny won the Best Game award. Other winners included Alien: Isolation, Far Cry 4, Hearthstone: Heroes of Warcraft, League of Legends, Lumino City, Minecraft, Never Alone, OlliOlli, The Vanishing of Ethan Carter and Valiant Hearts: The Great War.

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# 11th British Academy Games Awards

The **11th British Academy Video Games Awards** ceremony, presented by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA), honored video games of 2014 and took place on 12 March 2015 at the Tobacco Dock in London, beginning at 7:00pm (GMT). During the ceremony, BAFTA presented awards in 16 categories. The ceremony, broadcast live on streaming website Twitch, was hosted by comedian Rufus Hound.

*Monument Valley* and *The Last of Us: Left Behind* won two awards each, while *Destiny* won the Best Game award. Other winners included *Alien: Isolation*, *Far Cry 4*, *Hearthstone: Heroes of Warcraft*, *League of Legends*, *Lumino City*, *Minecraft*, *Never Alone*, *OlliOlli*, *The Vanishing of Ethan Carter* and *Valiant Hearts: The Great War*.

## Winners and nominees

The nominees for the 11th British Academy Video Games Awards were announced on 10 February 2015 at 10:30am (GMT). *Alien: Isolation* received the most nominations with six total; *Far Cry 4* and *Monument Valley* tied for second with five nominations each, followed by *80 Days*, *Destiny*, *Mario Kart 8* and *Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor* with four each.

The winners were announced during the awards ceremony on 12 March 2015. *Destiny*'s win for Best Game was the fourth BAFTA win for developer Bungie, but their first outside of the *Halo* series. Ashley Johnson won the award for Performer for the second consecutive year for her portrayal of Ellie in *The Last of Us: Left Behind*.

### Awards

Winners are shown first in **bold**.

### BAFTA Fellowship Award

### BAFTA Ones to Watch Award

### Games with multiple nominations and wins

## Presenters and performers

The following individuals presented awards or performed musical numbers.

### Presenters (in order of appearance)

| Name(s) | Role |
| --- | --- |
| Rufus Hound | Announcer for the 11th British Academy Video Games Awards |
| Riva Taylor
David Arnold | Presenters of the award for Music |
| Georgia May Foote | Presenter of the award for Persistent Game |
| Martin Hollis | Presenter of the award for Story |
| Mike Bithell | Presenter of the award for Original Property |
| Linford Christie | Presenter of the award for Sport |
| Rob Beckett | Presenter of the award for Mobile & Handheld |
| Andrea Deck | Presenter of the award for Artistic Achievement |
| Dan Krull
Katy Hill | Presenters of the award for Audio Achievement |
| Alix Wilton Regan | Presenter of the award for British Game |
| Andy Akinwolere | Presenter of the award for Family |
| Chet Faliszek | Presenter of the award for Game Innovation |
| Dan Middleton | Presenter of the Ones to Watch Award to *Chambara* |
| Tim Schafer | Presenter of the award for Game Design |
| Alex Brooker | Presenter of the award for Multiplayer |
| Jo Twist | Presenter of the award for Debut Game |
| Maimie McCoy | Presenter of the award for Performer |
| Ian Livingston | Presenter of the Fellowship Award to David Braben |
| Dynamo | Presenter of the award for Best Game |

### Performers

Riva Taylor was the only performer at the 11th British Academy Video Games Awards, performing "Earth to Earth", a song written specifically for the event, to open the ceremony.

## Critical reviews

The ceremony received generally mixed to positive reception from media publications. Paul Tassi of American business magazine *Forbes* claimed that the British Academy Video Games Awards "might be \[his\] favorite show worldwide right now", praising the "sheer breadth and diversity of their award categories, and what they choose to honor". Tassi went on to praise winning games such as *The Vanishing of Ethan Carter* (Game Innovation) and *League of Legends* (Persistent Game). Oliver Cragg of newspaper *The Independent* welcomed the strong presence of "creative indie titles" at the ceremony. A review written by GameCentral for newspaper *Metro*, however, went as far as to state that "we’re not sure we agree with any of the awards, except for *Alien Isolation* and David Braben", criticising "nonsense" such as a win for *Minecraft*, which was originally released years previously.

The majority of negative reactions to the ceremony related to *Destiny* winning the BAFTA for Best Game. Adam Rosser of BBC Radio 5 Live explained that "There was an audible ripple of surprise in the press room as Destiny took the best game Bafta", noting that the game had been "criticised in many quarters for ... suffering from a sparsely populated game world and repetitive gameplay". Some commentators supported the result, however: GamesRadar+, who named *Destiny* their game of the year, claimed that "it's good to see Bungie's masterpiece getting the attention it deserves". *Entertainment Weekly*'s Jonathon Dornbush concluded that "despite its flaws, *Destiny* has demonstrated why it’s tough to put the game down, and may be worth revisiting for those who initially wrote the game off", while *Forbes* writer Paul Tassi claimed that *Dragon Age: Inquisition* was arguably the "definitive" game of the year.

Arguably one of the most surprising results was in the Sports category, where independent title *OlliOlli* beat out many bigger releases such as *FIFA 15*. Matt Kamen of *Wired* described this as a "shocking win", and Mark Langshaw of Digital Spy similarly dubbed it "a shock".

## InfoBox

| 11th British Academy Games Awards | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | 12 March 2015 |
| Location | Tobacco Dock |
| Hosted by | Rufus Hound |
| Best Game | *Destiny* |
| Most awards | *Monument Valley* and *The Last of Us: Left Behind* (2) |
| Most nominations | *Alien: Isolation* (6) |
|


title: 10:30 P.M. Summer

abstract: 10:30 P.M. Summer is a 1966 American independent drama film directed by Jules Dassin and starring Melina Mercouri and Romy Schneider. It is based on the novel Ten-Thirty on a Summer Night by Marguerite Duras.

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# 10:30 P.M. Summer

***10:30 P.M. Summer*** is a 1966 American independent drama film directed by Jules Dassin and starring Melina Mercouri and Romy Schneider. It is based on the novel *Ten-Thirty on a Summer Night* by Marguerite Duras.

## Plot

Maria and Paul, a couple in their forties, and their young daughter travel through Spain with Claire, a younger woman.

On their way to Madrid, they stop in a small town and learn that a local man who has killed his wife and her lover is on the loose in the area. There is a massive thunderstorm and the group has no choice but to stay in the town's only hotel, which is jammed beyond capacity with other travelers in the same situation. Maria, an alcoholic who lives her life in a dream state, seems to be subtly encouraging her husband to have a sexual relationship with Claire.

While the thunderstorm is still raging, Maria drinks a bottle of alcohol outside and sees Paul and Claire kissing on a balcony. She then discovers the fugitive hiding on a rooftop and wants to help him escape. She drives the man to a spot in the desert where he can hide.

The next day, Maria tells Paul and Claire about the man, but when they look for him in the desert, Paul discovers his dead body; the man has committed suicide. Maria, Paul, and Claire resolve to keep quiet and travel on to Madrid as planned.

In Madrid, Maria tells Paul and Claire that she had hoped to add the fugitive to their odd group as a "fourth player" in the game, but that her true desire is to sleep with Paul once again. Maria drinks herself unconscious and envisions Paul and Claire making love. The next day, she tells Paul about her dream and it seems to excite him. They start to make love, but she stops him and tells him that she no longer loves him. Paul says that he does not believe her.

The trio go to a club to watch flamenco dancers. Maria, drunk and enjoying herself, slips out during the performance and disappears into the city. Paul and Claire search for her in vain.

## Cast

## Reception

In a contemporary review for *The New York Times*, critic Bosley Crowther wrote: "Evidently what Jules Dassin was trying to do in this film ... was to give a bizarre illustration of a woman's morbid moods when she is trapped by a realization of the evanescence of love. Toward this end, he has filled the picture with a lot of bizarrerie–lashing rain, flashing lights, flamenco dancers, writhing bodies in the nude. But this sort of thing–and the performing–is as sodden and lacking in a sense of genuine human feeling as a rain-drenched electric sign. It is strictly mechanical flamboyance to make an old-fashioned show, and it glistens without warmth or meaning through the splattering rain and the booze."

## InfoBox

| 10:30 P.M. Summer | |
| --- | --- |
| Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Jules Dassin |
| Written by | Marguerite Duras (novel)
Jules Dassin |
| Produced by | Jules Dassin
Anatole Litvak |
| Starring | Melina Mercouri
Romy Schneider |
| Cinematography | Gábor Pogány |
| Edited by | Roger Dwyre |
| Music by | Cristóbal Halffter |
| Distributed by | Lopert Pictures Corporation |
| Release date | * October 24, 1966 (1966-10-24) |
| Running time | 85 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |