title: Ascot House

abstract: Ascot House is a heritage-listed villa at 15 Newmarket Street, Newtown, Toowoomba, Toowoomba Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1870s to 1890s. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

text:
# Ascot House

**Ascot House** is a heritage-listed villa at 15 Newmarket Street, Newtown, Toowoomba, Toowoomba Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1870s to 1890s. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

## History

Ascot House, a single-storey timber residence with an attached two-storeyed timber extension, referred to as a folly, has been called the largest and most extensive of the grand Toowoomba residences. While the exact construction date is unknown, Ascot was possibly built in the 1870s as a private residence for Frederick Hurrell Holberton, a Toowoomba storekeeper and later Member of the Queensland Legislative Council. The architect of Ascot house remains unknown. When built, the house stood on about 32 acres (13 ha) of land near the Toowoomba racecourse. The grounds of Ascot contained a glasshouse, stables, croquet greens, tennis courts and extensive gardens, which included trees and shrubs bought from overseas.

Holberton sold the property to William Beit Jnr in 1894. William Beit Snr died suddenly in July 1872 before the birth of his son. The Register of the Queensland Parliament, 1860-1927 states that Francis Gregory, the owner of Harlaxton House, resigned as Mining Commissioner for Stanthorpe in November 1872 to take over the administration of the estate of his late friend William Beit, and the family moved to Westbrook. Gregory appears in the Post Office Directories as Station Manager, Westbrook, Toowoomba by 1874. By 1876, however, he is not listed as such. The Toowoomba Chronicle, on 30 November 1875, reported a court case between Sarah Beit, as plaintiff and a number of defendants including, Henry Beit (William Beit's brother) and Francis Thomas Gregory (as Trustees) as the defendants.

It is thought that William Beit named the house Ascot, reputedly because of his interest in horse racing. In the 1890s, Beit added a two-storeyed extension with a large billiard room, designed by Harry Marks to the original U-shaped house. The extension was a very elaborate design, suggestive of the superstructure of a ship, and was known as Beit's Folly. Beit was reputed to have had a distinctly artistic temperament which was reflected in the buildings he owned. The folly has become the distinctive architectural characteristic associated with Ascot House.

The architect of the "folly", Harry Marks, was a prominent Toowoomba architect noted for his highly creative work. Harry Marks was born in Toowoomba in 1871. After training under his father, architect James Marks, Harry entered into partnership with him in 1892 and spent his entire career in Toowoomba. During his career he invented and patented numerous ventilators, reversible casement windows and a method of stucco construction. He continued the practice into the 20th century and his son Charles Beresford Marks became a partner in 1925. Harry Marks became an Associate of the Queensland Institute of Architects in 1925 and Fellow in 1929. Harry Marks died on 1 March 1931.

Information from Anthony Battams thesis on William Hodgen states that, in 1899, plans were drawn by William Hodgen for extensions to the kitchen and stables. The builder for both of these projects was T. Olsen. There is also mention of a new cottage built for Beit in the same year, by G Gazzard and designed by Hodgen. It is not clear whether this cottage was built on the same property as Ascot House.

The Trustees Quarterly Review, April 1912 states that: Queensland Trustees Limited, as attorneys for Mr William Beit, also placed on the market the beautiful house and park lands known as "Ascot", and though the house property itself failed to find a purchase, the remainder of the estate found great favour with the public, and the whole lot was sold at the auction sale from 275 to 450 per acre.

Ownership passed to Frederick Ernest Bennett, a local Land, Estate, Stock and Station Agent, who bought it as a wedding gift in 1915 for his second wife Nancie Isabel Christoe Horwood. It remained a family residence for the Bennett family until it was requisitioned to station American troops during the Second World War.

The property was subsequently used for flats and has been progressively subdivided from the original 32 acres (13 ha) and it now stands on just over 2 acres (0.81 ha) of land. The house also suffered from the effects of vandalism during the 1970s. The current owner purchased Ascot House in 1984. Following extensive renovations, the two-storeyed extension of Ascot House, Beits' Folly, was opened as a tea room and house museum in 1994.

## Description

Ascot House is a single-storey timber residence with an attached two-storey timber extension, referred to as a folly. The house has a verandah around three sides under a separate roof, supported by slender double columns with decorative cast-iron capitals. Parts of the verandah have been enclosed.

The original section of the house is a simple U-shaped plan with verandahs extending beyond the length of the house. The folly stands within the central space created by the plan of the house, protected on each side by the enclosed verandahs and has external access at the rear of the house. Internal access to the folly is gained from the end of the large central hallway in the old house.

The folly is of a unique design with an intricately modelled facade of eclectic styles. The external timber features are reminiscent of neo-classical, neo-gothic and Dutch design. The folly is a tall narrow structure with layers of pediments, window and door frames, trimmings and brackets giving the facade a textured appearance.

The top of the facade is marked by two flying gables with triangular pediments and semi-circular valances with a central finial. The gables are supported by decorative timber brackets and they frame vertical timber panelling on the face of the building. The gables surmount small, elongated oriel windows with narrow rectangular glass panels. In the centre of the facade is a neo-classical triangular pediment which surmounts a Dutch-style pediment with a decorative timber "heart" motif in the centre. On ground level, a protruding set of doors framed in Gothic style arches are protected by a double awning, the top layer convex and the bottom layer concave. The two awnings are separated by a large fascia board decorated by rectangular panels.

The house is set on a large piece of land extending from the western side of the house towards Tor Street. The grounds contain mature trees, walking paths and fish ponds. A large palm on the north-west corner of the house is an original planting.

The front door to the house is surmounted by a fanlight with coloured glass and displays the initials "WB" in the central panel (WB stands for William Beit, a previous owner and builder of the folly). The front door is flanked on either side by large step-down bay windows which are repeated along the sides of the verandahs.

The floors are carpeted internally except for the front living room and the dining room where the timber boards are exposed and polished and a decorative border design has been painted on the floor. The front door accesses a long and wide hallway which leads off to bedrooms and formal rooms. At the end of the hall the ballroom of the folly extends perpendicular to the hall. It is a large room with timber vaulted ceiling. The original decorative painted stencils are still visible on the ballroom ceiling. On the eastern side of the ballroom is a guest bedroom built in an enclosed section of the original verandah. On the western side is the kitchen also in an enclosed part of the verandah. Directly behind the ballroom is the former billiard room, now a public tea room, which is oval-shaped and features heavily panelled ceilings including square panels on the top of the ceilings and gothic arches around the cornices. On the eastern side of the tea room is the former maids' quarters accessed by a small set of steps. This area originally featured three very small bedrooms built into the enclosed verandah. The area has now been opened into one space but still demonstrates timber VJs and joinery. On the western side of the tea room also accessed by some steps through a gothic arch way is the commercial kitchen situated in what was originally the scullery.

The second storey of the folly rises only above the former billiard room area and is accessed by a curved timber stairway from the ballroom. This upper level contains two bedrooms with fireplaces and views to the surrounding area from the oriel windows.

## Heritage listing

Ascot House was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.

**The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history.**

Ascot House is significant as one of the largest and most elaborate of all the grand residences of Toowoomba. Ascot follows the pattern of the construction of substantial houses on the Downs, demonstrating the development of the Darling Downs from a sparsely populated pastoral region to one of prosperity.

Ascot House is significant for its association with American troops stationed at the house in World War Two.

**The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland's cultural heritage.**

Ascot House is also associated with the work of Harry Marks, who designed the 1890s folly, probably the most recognised architectural feature of the house and significant for its rarity amongst such residences.

**The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.**

As one of the largest and most extensive of the grand Toowoomba residences, Ascot House high aesthetic value. The ornate decoration of the folly contributes significantly to this aesthetic value.

**The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland's history.**

Ascot House is significant for its association with prominent Toowoomba architect William Hodgen, who designed 1899 alterations to the stable and kitchen. Ascot House is associated with Frederick Holberton and William Beit Jnr, son of William Beit Snr, the Westbrook squatter.

Ascot House is also associated with the work of Harry Marks, who designed the 1890s folly, probably the most recognised architectural feature of the house and significant for its rarity amongst such residences.

### Attribution

This Wikipedia article was originally based on *"The Queensland heritage register"* published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 7 July 2014, archived on 8 October 2014). The geo-coordinates were originally computed from the *"Queensland heritage register boundaries"* published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 5 September 2014, archived on 15 October 2014).

Media related to Ascot House at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Ascot House, Toowoomba | |
| --- | --- |
| Ascot House, front view | |
| Location | 15 Newmarket Street, Newtown, Toowoomba, Toowoomba Region, Queensland, Australia |
| Coordinates | 27°33′30″S 151°55′45″E / 27.5583°S 151.9293°E / -27.5583; 151.9293 |
| Design period | 1870s–1890s (late 19th century) |
| Built | 1870s–1890s |
| Architect | James Marks, Harry Marks |
|  | |
| Queensland Heritage Register | |
| Official name | Ascot House |
| Type | state heritage (built, landscape) |
| Designated | 21 October 1992 |
| Reference no. | 600853 |
| Significant period | 1870s, 1890s (fabric)<br>1870s–1910s; possibly 1940s (historical) |
| Significant components | pathway/walkway, ballroom, trees/plantings, pond/s – garden, service wing, garden/grounds, billiards room, residential accommodation – main house |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location of Ascot House, Toowoomba in QueenslandAscot House (Australia) | |


title: Frederick and Catherine Leaser Farm

abstract: The Frederick and Catherine Leaser Farm, also known as the Frederick Leaser Farm, is an historic home and farm located in Lynn Township, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania. It was built by Frederick Leaser, who was one of the men involved in transporting the Liberty Bell to the Zion Reformed Church in Allentown, thereby preventing British attempts to capture the symbol of American independence during the American Revolutionary War. The property was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

text:
# Frederick and Catherine Leaser Farm

The **Frederick and Catherine Leaser Farm**, also known as the **Frederick Leaser Farm**, is an historic home and farm located in Lynn Township, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania. It was built by Frederick Leaser, who was one of the men involved in transporting the Liberty Bell to the Zion Reformed Church in Allentown, thereby preventing British attempts to capture the symbol of American independence during the American Revolutionary War.

The property was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

## History and features

Erected sometime around the mid-eighteenth century, the Frederick and Catherine Leaser Farm was held by members of the Leaser family from 1750 to 1998. Its originator, Frederick Leaser, was one of the men involved in keeping the Liberty Bell from falling into British hands during the American Revolutionary War by transporting it to the Zion Reformed Church in Allentown.

The farm property includes the original log cabin (c. 1750), Pennsylvania German vernacular farmhouse (1849), Pennsylvania bank barn (1888), outhouse (c. 1900), smokehouse (c. 1900), summer kitchen / baking house (c. 1850), wagon shed (1906), poultry shed (c. 1875), two frame storage sheds, and a corn crib (c. 1910), as well as the family burial ground and an archaeological site surveyed in 1981–1982.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Frederick and Catherine Leaser Farm | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| Farmhouse at the Frederick and Catherine Leaser Farm in Lynn Township, Pennsylvania | |
|  | |
| Location | 7654 Leaser Rd., Lynn Township, Pennsylvania |
| Coordinates | 40°40′32″N 75°50′47″W / 40.67556°N 75.84639°W / 40.67556; -75.84639 |
| Area | 76 acres (31 ha) |
| NRHP reference No. | 03001420 |
| Added to NRHP | January 14, 2004 |


title: 2011 ITK Open

abstract: The 2011 ITK Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2011 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Istanbul, Turkey between 22 and 28 August 2011.

text:
# 2011 ITK Open

The **2011 ITK Open** was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2011 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Istanbul, Turkey between 22 and 28 August 2011.

## WTA entrants

### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank1 | Seed |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| GER | Sarah Gronert | 230 | 1 |
| FRA | Irena Pavlovic | 235 | 2 |
| GBR | Melanie South | 246 | 3 |
| RSA | Chanel Simmonds | 258 | 4 |
| RUS | Valeria Solovieva | 263 | 5 |
| UKR | Veronika Kapshay | 269 | 6 |
| LTU | Lina Stančiūtė | 272 | 7 |
| UKR | Tetyana Arefyeva | 274 | 8 |

* 1 Rankings are as of August 15, 2011.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:

The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:

## Champions

### Singles

**Victoria Larrière** def.  Sarah Gronert, 63, 16, 75

### Doubles

**Julie Coin** /  **Eva Hrdinová** def.  Sandra Klemenschits /  Irena Pavlovic, 64, 75

## InfoBox

| 2011 ITK Open | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | 22–28 August |
| Edition | 1st |
| Location | Istanbul, Turkey |
| Champions | |
| Singles | |
| Victoria Larrière | |
| Doubles | |
| Julie Coin /  Eva Hrdinová | |
|  | |


title: Fiona Ewing

abstract: Fiona Ewing is an Australian representative rower. She won three Australian national championship titles in 2019 and a bronze medal at a 2019 World Rowing Cup.

text:
# Fiona Ewing

**Fiona Ewing** (born 23 April 1994) is an Australian representative rower. She won three Australian national championship titles in 2019 and a bronze medal at a 2019 World Rowing Cup.

## Club and state rowing

Ewing grew up in north of Sydney at Terrigal, New South Wales and her senior club rowing has been from the Sydney University Boat Club.

Ewing's first state selection for New South Wales was in 2016 in the women's eight contesting the Queen's Cup at the Interstate Regatta within the Australian Rowing Championships. She rowed again in the New South Wales senior women's eight in 2017, 2018 and 2019 and rowed to a Queen's Cup victory in 2019.

Ewing raced in SUBC colours in NSW composite eights contesting the women's eight event at the 2017 and the 2018 Australian Rowing Championships. In 2017 she also contested the women's single and double sculls. In 2018 she contested the single sculls title and placed eighth.

In 2019 she placed fourth in the Australian women's single scull championship, won the women's double scull with Cara Grzeskowiak and won the women's eight title in a composite selection crew.

## International representative rowing

Ewing made her Australian representative debut at the 2016 World Rowing U23 Championships in Rotterdam where she rowed in the three seat of the Australian women's U23 eight to a fifth placing.

In 2019 Ewing was selected in the Australian senior women's quad scull with Katrina Bateman, Rowena Meredith and Cara Grzeskowiak. They rowed to a fourth place at the World Rowing Cup II in Poznan and then to a bronze medal win at WRC III in Rotterdam. In that same crew Ewing was selected to race Australia's quad scull at the 2019 World Rowing Championships in Linz, Austria. The quad were looking for a top eight finish at the 2019 World Championships to qualify for the Tokyo Olympics. They placed fourth in the B-final for an overall tenth-place finish and failed to qualify the boat for Tokyo 2020.

## InfoBox

Fiona Ewing
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 23 April 1994 (1994-04-23) (age 30) |
| Years active | 2016 – current |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Rowing |
| Club | Sydney University Boat Club |


title: 2008 Football League Trophy final

abstract: The 2008 Football League Trophy Final was the 25th final of the domestic football cup competition for teams from Football Leagues One and Two, the Football League Trophy. The final was played at Wembley Stadium in London on 30 March 2008, the first time that the final had been staged at the stadium since it was rebuilt. The match was contested by Grimsby Town and Milton Keynes Dons. MK Dons won the match 2–0 with Keith Andrews and Sean O'Hanlon scoring the goals in the final 20 minutes.

text:
# 2008 Football League Trophy final

The **2008 Football League Trophy Final** was the 25th final of the domestic football cup competition for teams from Football Leagues One and Two, the Football League Trophy. The final was played at Wembley Stadium in London on 30 March 2008, the first time that the final had been staged at the stadium since it was rebuilt. The match was contested by Grimsby Town and Milton Keynes Dons. MK Dons won the match 20 with Keith Andrews and Sean O'Hanlon scoring the goals in the final 20 minutes.

## Match details

| Grimsby Town | 0–2 | Milton Keynes Dons |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |

Wembley Stadium, LondonAttendance: 56,618Referee: Phil Joslin (Nottinghamshire)

| GK **1** Phil Barnes  RB **2** Jamie Clarke  CB **25** Rob Atkinson  CB **6** Nick Fenton ()  LB **3** Tom Newey  RM **11** Danny Boshell   CM **4** James Hunt  79'  CM **15** Paul Bolland  LM **17** Nick Hegarty  CF **7** Peter Till  61'  CF **9** Danny North  46'  **Substitutes:**  GK **13** Gary Montgomery  DF **5** Ryan Bennett  MF **10** Ciarán Toner   79'  MF **18** Peter Bore   46'  CF **19** Gary Jones   61'  **Manager:**  Alan Buckley | GK **12** Willy Guéret  RB **2** Jude Stirling  CB **6** Sean O'Hanlon  CB **25** Danny Swailes  LB **3** Dean Lewington ()  RM **4** Keith Andrews  CM **20** Alan Navarro   LM **11** Lloyd Dyer  CF **10** Colin Cameron  90'  CF **23** Jemal Johnson  77'  CF **8** Kevin Gallen  77'  **Substitutes:**  GK **29** Nathan Abbey  DF **13** Gareth Edds  MF **14** Mark Wright   77'  FW **16** Aaron Wilbraham   77'  FW **36** Sam Baldock   90'  **Manager:**  Paul Ince |
| --- | --- |

## InfoBox

2008 Football League Trophy Final
| Event | 2007–08 Football League Trophy |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Date | 30 March 2008 (2008-03-30) |
| Venue | Wembley Stadium, London |
| Referee | Phil Joslin (Kent) |
| Attendance | 56,618 |
|


title: Asiago-DLR Asteroid Survey

abstract: The Asiago-DLR Asteroid Survey was an astronomical survey conducted in the early 2000s to search for comets and asteroids, with special emphasis on near-Earth objects. The Minor Planet Center directly credits ADAS with the discovery of more than 200 minor planets after 2001.

text:
# Asiago-DLR Asteroid Survey

Minor planets discovered: 208
| *see § List of discovered minor planets* |
| --- |

The **Asiago-DLR Asteroid Survey** (**ADAS**; obs.code: 209) was an astronomical survey conducted in the early 2000s to search for comets and asteroids, with special emphasis on near-Earth objects. The Minor Planet Center directly credits ADAS with the discovery of more than 200 minor planets after 2001.

## Description

It was a joint venture between the Department of Astronomy of the University of Padua (using the Schmidt telescope at the Cima Ekar Observing Station) and the German Aerospace Center's *Institute of Space Sensor Technology and Planetary Exploration* at Berlin-Adlershof, Germany. ADAS has IAU observatory code 209. Co-located with the Asiago Astrophysical Observatory, it conducted observations from 2001 to 2002. Principal investigators for the survey were Cesare Barbieri (at Padua/Asiago) and Gerhard Hahn (at DLR Berlin-Adlershof). The project worked in collaboration with the Uppsala-DLR Asteroid Survey (UDAS).

## List of discovered minor planets

| important; height: 675px; |
| --- |
| 43511 Cima Ekar | 11 February 2001 | list |
| 46392 Bertola | 5 January 2002 | list |
| (48268) 2002 AK1 | 4 January 2002 | list |
| 51406 Massimocalvani | 26 February 2001 | list |
| (55427) 2001 TF47 | 14 October 2001 | list |
| 55428 Cappellaro | 14 October 2001 | list |
| (57561) 2001 TA48 | 14 October 2001 | list |
| 57879 Cesarechiosi | 2 January 2002 | list |
| (64840) 2001 YW5 | 19 December 2001 | list |
| 65091 Saramagrin | 1 February 2002 | list |
| (68585) 2002 AY6 | 9 January 2002 | list |
| 72543 Simonemarchi | 26 February 2001 | list |
| (77049) 2001 CH48 | 1 February 2001 | list |
| 77136 Mendillo | 26 February 2001 | list |
| (82152) 2001 FR169 | 23 March 2001 | list |
| 82153 Alemigliorini | 23 March 2001 | list |
| (83679) 2001 TB48 | 14 October 2001 | list |
| 83956 Panuzzo | 7 December 2001 | list |
| (88245) 2001 CH49 | 2 February 2001 | list |
| 88961 Valpertile | 14 October 2001 | list |
| (89663) 2001 YN5 | 17 December 2001 | list |
| 89664 Pignata | 19 December 2001 | list |
| (89665) 2001 YO6 | 20 December 2001 | list |
| 89739 Rampazzi | 9 January 2002 | list |
| (89744) 2002 AG18 | 8 January 2002 | list |

| important; height: 675px; |
| --- |
| 89818 Jureskvarč | 2 January 2002 | list |
| (89910) 2002 ED5 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| 90288 Dalleave | 6 March 2003 | list |
| (94955) 2001 YS90 | 21 December 2001 | list |
| 95008 Ivanobertini | 4 January 2002 | list |
| (95009) 2002 AJ1 | 4 January 2002 | list |
| 95024 Ericaellingson | 8 January 2002 | list |
| (95209) 2002 CW | 2 February 2002 | list |
| 95474 Andreajbarbieri | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (95475) 2002 EB5 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| 98866 Giannabussolari | 15 January 2001 | list |
| (99439) 2002 CA1 | 2 February 2002 | list |
| 107393 Bernacca | 1 February 2001 | list |
| (107394) 2001 CJ49 | 2 February 2001 | list |
| 108072 Odifreddi | 22 March 2001 | list |
| (108108) 2001 FA192 | 22 March 2001 | list |
| 111561 Giovanniallevi | 5 January 2002 | list |
| (111562) 2002 AJ3 | 5 January 2002 | list |
| (111567) 2002 AT6 | 5 January 2002 | list |
| (111820) 2002 DK1 | 18 February 2002 | list |
| (123859) 2001 CO48 | 11 February 2001 | list |
| (123923) 2001 DQ106 | 27 February 2001 | list |
| (124891) 2001 TE47 | 14 October 2001 | list |
| (126424) 2002 CR | 2 February 2002 | list |
| (126776) 2002 EJ3 | 7 March 2002 | list |

| important; height: 675px; |
| --- |
| (126777) 2002 EN3 | 7 March 2002 | list |
| (126778) 2002 EV3 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (132162) 2002 EJ8 | 7 March 2002 | list |
| (132265) 2002 EW125 | 11 March 2002 | list |
| (140382) 2001 TV47 | 14 October 2001 | list |
| (141249) 2001 YP5 | 17 December 2001 | list |
| (141250) 2001 YP6 | 20 December 2001 | list |
| (141339) 2002 AZ4 | 5 January 2002 | list |
| (141341) 2002 AZ6 | 9 January 2002 | list |
| (146829) 2002 AB5 | 9 January 2002 | list |
| (146940) 2002 EY4 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (146941) 2002 EC5 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (147375) 2003 EH5 | 4 March 2003 | list |
| (151368) 2002 ET3 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (151369) 2002 EB4 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (151370) 2002 EF5 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (151417) 2002 EA146 | 13 March 2002 | list |
| (153914) 2001 XV248 | 14 December 2001 | list |
| (153956) 2002 AG27 | 12 January 2002 | list |
| (154014) 2002 BC28 | 18 January 2002 | list |
| (154103) 2002 EX3 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (154104) 2002 EG4 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (154105) 2002 EW4 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (154106) 2002 EK8 | 7 March 2002 | list |
| (156401) 2002 AK3 | 5 January 2002 | list |

| important; height: 675px; |
| --- |
| (156549) 2002 EY3 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (158244) 2001 TL47 | 14 October 2001 | list |
| (158478) 2002 DJ1 | 18 February 2002 | list |
| (158486) 2002 EM8 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (158487) 2002 EN8 | 11 March 2002 | list |
| (162891) 2001 FS169 | 23 March 2001 | list |
| (163188) 2002 ES4 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (163239) 2002 EU156 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (166144) 2002 EO3 | 7 March 2002 | list |
| (166145) 2002 EH5 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (174065) 2002 EH4 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (176533) 2002 AP6 | 5 January 2002 | list |
| (179540) 2002 CY253 | 4 February 2002 | list |
| (182790) 2002 AJ18 | 8 January 2002 | list |
| (182833) 2002 CG1 | 2 February 2002 | list |
| (182897) 2002 EZ3 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (186274) 2002 AY4 | 3 January 2002 | list |
| (188097) 2001 YM6 | 20 December 2001 | list |
| (188123) 2002 CT | 2 February 2002 | list |
| (194733) 2001 YH5 | 17 December 2001 | list |
| (194979) 2002 AE203 | 11 January 2002 | list |
| (195230) 2002 ER4 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (195231) 2002 EU4 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (205577) 2001 TO47 | 14 October 2001 | list |
| (205601) 2001 TY256 | 14 October 2001 | list |

| important; height: 675px; |
| --- |
| (208429) 2001 TM47 | 14 October 2001 | list |
| (208527) 2001 XX248 | 15 December 2001 | list |
| (208610) 2002 CB254 | 4 February 2002 | list |
| (208618) 2002 EX4 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (211079) 2002 EL8 | 7 March 2002 | list |
| (213417) 2001 XZ30 | 7 December 2001 | list |
| (213436) 2001 YN6 | 20 December 2001 | list |
| (213441) 2002 AU6 | 5 January 2002 | list |
| (216573) 2002 CJ253 | 3 February 2002 | list |
| (218055) 2002 EF4 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (219879) 2002 ET4 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (219880) 2002 EO8 | 11 March 2002 | list |
| (222511) 2001 TX47 | 14 October 2001 | list |
| (230298) 2002 AE18 | 8 January 2002 | list |
| (232137) 2002 CE1 | 2 February 2002 | list |
| (232417) 2003 EU17 | 6 March 2003 | list |
| (234349) 2001 FT167 | 19 March 2001 | list |
| (234630) 2002 CD1 | 2 February 2002 | list |
| (234654) 2002 EP8 | 11 March 2002 | list |
| (240007) 2001 TQ47 | 14 October 2001 | list |
| (240122) 2002 ED156 | 11 March 2002 | list |
| (244053) 2001 TJ47 | 14 October 2001 | list |
| (244270) 2002 DN1 | 18 February 2002 | list |
| (247436) 2002 ES3 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (252208) 2001 FP168 | 22 March 2001 | list |

| important; height: 675px; |
| --- |
| (252665) 2002 AG1 | 4 January 2002 | list |
| (252666) 2002 AE7 | 9 January 2002 | list |
| (252687) 2002 AA204 | 5 January 2002 | list |
| (252693) 2002 CQ | 2 February 2002 | list |
| (252744) 2002 EL3 | 7 March 2002 | list |
| (252745) 2002 EV4 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (252781) 2002 EW129 | 11 March 2002 | list |
| (258540) 2002 CD16 | 4 February 2002 | list |
| (258604) 2002 CK253 | 3 February 2002 | list |
| (264645) 2001 XV30 | 7 December 2001 | list |
| (264711) 2002 AQ203 | 10 January 2002 | list |
| (264757) 2002 EM3 | 7 March 2002 | list |
| (267447) 2002 DP1 | 18 February 2002 | list |
| (267725) 2003 EV17 | 6 March 2003 | list |
| (275889) 2001 TW47 | 14 October 2001 | list |
| (276018) 2002 AD7 | 9 January 2002 | list |
| (279442) 2010 RR14 | 14 October 2001 | list |
| (282225) 2001 YB162 | 19 December 2001 | list |
| (283519) 2001 TP47 | 14 October 2001 | list |
| (283520) 2001 TU47 | 14 October 2001 | list |
| (283633) 2002 EG5 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (286096) 2001 TR47 | 14 October 2001 | list |
| (286622) 2002 EW3 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (297803) 2002 AH7 | 9 January 2002 | list |
| (302435) 2002 DD19 | 18 February 2002 | list |

| important; height: 675px; |
| --- |
| (307063) 2002 AE1 | 2 January 2002 | list |
| (310222) 2011 SR214 | 10 January 2002 | list |
| (310652) 2002 CX316 | 10 January 2002 | list |
| (310653) 2002 DM1 | 18 February 2002 | list |
| (310657) 2002 EA4 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (316527) 2010 VW201 | 26 February 2001 | list |
| (317208) 2002 CE16 | 10 February 2002 | list |
| (322577) 2012 AF7 | 22 March 2001 | list |
| (329025) 2011 AX18 | 16 February 2001 | list |
| (329410) 2002 EX155 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (331341) 2012 BL102 | 19 February 2002 | list |
| (331371) 2012 DR53 | 16 February 2001 | list |
| (337613) 2001 TG47 | 14 October 2001 | list |
| (337614) 2001 TY47 | 14 October 2001 | list |
| (344400) 2002 AA7 | 9 January 2002 | list |
| (353677) 2011 UV235 | 18 January 2002 | list |
| (354202) 2002 EF120 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (356214) 2009 RN73 | 14 February 2001 | list |
| (356916) 2012 BH61 | 16 February 2001 | list |
| (357147) 2002 CS | 2 February 2002 | list |
| (357148) 2002 CZ | 2 February 2002 | list |
| (360393) 2002 EE5 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (360398) 2002 EH156 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (360399) 2002 EX156 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (363263) 2002 EN4 | 10 March 2002 | list |

| important; height: 675px; |
| --- |
| (370196) 2002 CZ253 | 4 February 2002 | list |
| (370198) 2002 CL314 | 12 February 2002 | list |
| (376946) 2002 EC4 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (379732) 2011 GY54 | 8 January 2002 | list |
| (379767) 2011 HH20 | 23 March 2001 | list |
| (382531) 2001 TK47 | 14 October 2001 | list |
| (386897) 2011 GW84 | 23 March 2001 | list |
| (392551) 2011 SM44 | 18 January 2002 | list |
| (392801) 2012 TS197 | 26 February 2001 | list |
| (399442) 2002 CB1 | 2 February 2002 | list |
| (405113) 2002 ED4 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (412221) 2013 GT121 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (420499) 2012 FW15 | 16 February 2001 | list |
| (421431) 2014 CU22 | 27 February 2001 | list |
| (421564) 2014 OS190 | 16 October 2001 | list |
| (422398) 2014 SF279 | 11 March 2002 | list |
| (422820) 2002 CP | 2 February 2002 | list |
| (423666) 2005 YJ138 | 18 January 2002 | list |
| (425985) 2011 HO77 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (427461) 2001 TT47 | 14 October 2001 | list |
| (446074) 2013 CV162 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (446329) 2014 FP64 | 27 February 2001 | list |
| (454070) 2012 SH65 | 22 March 2001 | list |
| (456207) 2006 JA32 | 19 February 2002 | list |
| (461410) 2001 TS47 | 14 October 2001 | list |

| important; |
| --- |
| (467427) 2005 VG91 | 18 January 2002 | list |
| (469434) 2002 DO1 | 18 February 2002 | list |
| (471270) 2011 FU3 | 10 January 2002 | list |
| (471517) 2012 DX74 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (472336) 2015 AF230 | 18 January 2002 | list |
| (474228) 2001 DK108 | 26 February 2001 | list |
| (474328) 2002 EK4 | 10 March 2002 | list |
| (480884) 2002 AN7 | 9 January 2002 | list |
| *Discoveries are credited by the MPC with "ADAS" and "Asiago-DLR Asteroid Survey"* | | |

## InfoBox

Asiago-DLR Asteroid Survey
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Coordinates | 45°50′55″N 11°34′08″E / 45.84861°N 11.56889°E / 45.84861; 11.56889 |
| Observatory code | 209 |
| \[edit on Wikidata\] | |


title: Exact (company)

abstract: Exact is a Dutch software company that offers accounting, ERP, and other software for small and medium enterprises. Exact develops cloud-based and on-premises software for industries such as accountancy, wholesale distribution, professional services and manufacturing, serving more than 500,000 companies. Exact, founded in 1984, has its headquarters in Delft. It has subsidiaries and offices in Europe, North America and Asia. The company was listed on Euronext until March 2015, when it was bought up by a group of investors led by Apax and in 2019 by investor KKR.

text:
# Exact (company)

**Exact** is a Dutch software company that offers accounting, ERP, and other software for small and medium enterprises. Exact develops cloud-based and on-premises software for industries such as accountancy, wholesale distribution, professional services and manufacturing, serving more than 500,000 companies.

Exact, founded in 1984, has its headquarters in Delft. It has subsidiaries and offices in Europe, North America and Asia.

The company was listed on Euronext until March 2015, when it was bought up by a group of investors led by Apax and in 2019 by investor KKR.

## History

Exact was founded in 1984 by Eduard Hagens, Rinus Dekker, Arco van Nieuwland, Paul van Keep, Paul Frijling and Leo Schonk. The six had worked as freelancers for Grote Beer ("Ursa Major"), one of the first Dutch companies to produce standardized accounting software. When Grote Beer fired all of its freelancers, Hagens *et al.* started their own business. Their Exact Software would later, in 1994, acquire Grote Beer, which at that time had an annual revenue of 100 million, expanding Exact's customer portfolio to some 60,000 companies. The former company's name was used as a trade mark until 2000.

## Business

Internationally, Exact grew by acquiring Belgian firms Cobul and Cubic (17,000 customers) in 1989. The opening of offices in the United Kingdom and Russia meant that, as of 1995, 20% of Exact's revenue came from abroad. Expansion into the German market soon followed with the acquisition of Pcas, Bavaria Soft, Szymaniak (1997) and finally Soft Research (1999), German market leader in payroll software.

In the 2000s, Exact acquired US manufacturing ERP software providers Macola, JobBOSS and MAX. In 2007, Exact purchased Longview Solutions for US$51.5 million. Longview Solutions got sold off to Marlin Equity Partners in July 2014 for an undisclosed amount of money.

The mid-2000s saw Exact embroiled in internal power struggles. In 2004, founder Eduard Hagens returned from ten months of sailing round the world, to find his company reorganized in a decentralized way that did not suit his vision of how Exact should be led. Hagens clashed with CEO Lucas Brentjens and CFO Bert Groenewegen, leading to the resignation in September and October of that year of Brentjens, Groenewegen, and subsequently the company's entire board of directors. Hagens's "*coup*" (as *de Volkskrant* put it) caused a staff drain within the company. The following April, after the resignation of the company's new CFO, Hagens announced his own departure. He was succeeded by Rajesh Patel.

In October 2014, Exact announced a buy-out by Apax Partners. That acquisition was completed in April, 2015 for a sum of €730 million. The acquisition meant that Exact was de-listed from the Euronext stock exchange, on which it had been listed since 1999.

Exact expanded its presence to the construction sector in the spring of 2019 with the takeover of bouw7;

In 2019, Exact also added the Belgian WinBooks to the organization. WinBooks is a software company specialized in accounting and business management solutions.

In the autumn of 2020, Exact announced both the acquisition of the Belgian HR software supplier Officient and the acquisition of Unit4 Bedrijfssoftware, the business unit of Unit4 that serves the accountancy, SME and large business markets in the Netherlands and Belgium.

## Leadership

In 2019, Robinson announces he suffers from chronic neurological Parkinson's disease. He then continued to work as CEO, but given the further progression of the symptoms associated with the disorder, Robinson took the decision at the end of 2020 to step back and join the supervisory board as non-executive director.

Robinson's successor is Paul Ramakers. Until now, the new CEO, was COO at Exact. Ramakers has been with the company for 25 years and has held various positions over the years.

## Products

Exact's rise to market leadership was mostly based on its MS-DOS-based accounting package, also called **Exact**. The company also launched a Windows version of this package, but this was heavily criticized because it never attained the full functionality of the DOS version, leading many companies to stay with the DOS software into the late 1990s.

The Exact package was replaced March 30, 2000 with a new product, **Globe 2000**. This Windows NT-based product was designed around a modular architecture dubbed "One-X" that underpinned all of Exact's offerings. Criticism of this software focused on the fact that the One-X architecture was incompatible with the older Exact software, and that it was tied to Microsoft SQL Server, which was considered too heavy of a database management system for the small computers typically used at Exact's small and medium enterprise customers.

In 2005 **Exact Online** was launched, the company's effort to bring Exact software to the cloud. With this product, Exact initially targeted only the Benelux countries, until in May 2010 it announced a joint venture with Turkish software developer Triodor to market its product in Turkey as an experiment. The trial ended later that year, with Exact citing a lack of results and announcing a sole focus on its Dutch and Belgium markets.

## InfoBox

Exact
|
|  |
| Company type | Besloten vennootschap |
| Industry | Information technology, software |
| Founded | 1984 |
| Headquarters | Delft, Netherlands |
| Key people | Paul Ramakers (CEO) Eduard Hagens (Founder) |
| Products | * Exact Online * Exact Globe * Exact Synergy * Exact Financials |
| Revenue | 209 million (2018) |
| Number of employees | 1432 (2018) |
| Website | Exact |


title: Eve Marder

abstract: Eve Marder is a University Professor and the Victor and Gwendolyn Beinfield Professor of Neuroscience at Brandeis University. At Brandeis, Marder is also a member of the Volen National Center for Complex Systems. Dr. Marder is known for her pioneering work on small neuronal networks which her team has interrogated via a combination of complementary experimental and theoretical techniques. Marder is particularly well known in the community for her work on neural circuits in the crustacean stomatogastric nervous system (STNS), a small network of 30 neurons. She discovered that circuits are not “hard-wired” to produce a single output or behavior, but can be reconfigured by neuromodulators to produce many outputs and behaviors while still maintaining the integrity of the circuit. Her work has revolutionized the way scientists approach the studies of neural circuits with respect to the study of structural and functional behavior. The general principles that have resulted from her work are thought to be generally applicable to other neural networks, including those in humans. Marder has published 190 original research papers in refereed journals, and 179 review articles, book chapters, and opinion pieces. Marder has received numerous awards for her pioneering work in the field including the National Medal of Science in 2023 and the Kavli Prize in 2016. In 2024, she was elected to the American Philosophical Society, and currently holds memberships in the Institute of Medicine, and National Academy of Sciences.

text:
# Eve Marder

**Eve Marder** is a University Professor and the Victor and Gwendolyn Beinfield Professor of Neuroscience at Brandeis University. At Brandeis, Marder is also a member of the Volen National Center for Complex Systems. Dr. Marder is known for her pioneering work on small neuronal networks which her team has interrogated via a combination of complementary experimental and theoretical techniques.

Marder is particularly well known in the community for her work on neural circuits in the crustacean stomatogastric nervous system (STNS), a small network of 30 neurons. She discovered that circuits are not “hard-wired” to produce a single output or behavior, but can be reconfigured by neuromodulators to produce many outputs and behaviors while still maintaining the integrity of the circuit. Her work has revolutionized the way scientists approach the studies of neural circuits with respect to the study of structural and functional behavior. The general principles that have resulted from her work are thought to be generally applicable to other neural networks, including those in humans. Marder has published 190 original research papers in refereed journals, and 179 review articles, book chapters, and opinion pieces.

Marder has received numerous awards for her pioneering work in the field including the National Medal of Science in 2023 and the Kavli Prize in 2016. In 2024, she was elected to the American Philosophical Society, and currently holds memberships in the Institute of Medicine, and National Academy of Sciences.

## Career, research, and service

Marder was born in Manhattan and raised on the east coast. Although she loved biology from an early age, Marder has shared that she held very diverse academic interests prior to starting her undergraduate degree and in fact entered Brandeis University as an undergraduate in 1965 with a plan to study politics and become a lawyer. She would instead find herself re-captivated by the world of biology and switched majors to Biology after her freshman year. Marder has shared that a pivotal turning point in her scientific self-development was writing a paper on schizophrenia during an abnormal psychology class during her junior year. Her subsequent library studies on inhibition in neural signaling solidified her career goals to become a neuroscientist and launched her on what would become her lifelong academic path.

Marder received her B.A. from Brandeis University in 1969 and subsequently completed Ph.D. studies at University of California, San Diego. It was during her time as a graduate student at UCSD that Marder would be introduced to the specific neural network, the lobster stomatogastric-ganglion system, that would prove pivotal for the rest of her academic career. Marder's doctoral work on the role of acetylcholine in the lobster STG led to a single-author paper in *Nature*. She completed her postdoctoral training at the University of Oregon in Eugene and the École Normale Supérieure in Paris, France. Marder subsequently began her independent research career at Brandeis University in 1978 as a faculty member in the department in Biology. In 1990 at Brandeis, she established one of the first undergraduate neuroscience programs in the United States. During her time as a PI, she has mentored 29 Ph.D students and 52 postdoctoral fellows.

Her work on the 30 neurons that compose the crustacean stomatogastric ganglion (STG) produced many notable findings. She found that circuits can be modulated by many neuromodulators. She pioneered work on plasticity and homeostasis, revealing more about how the brain can change dramatically during learning and development yet remain structurally stable. Her recent work examining network variability among healthy individuals shows that a variety of network parameters can produce the same behavioral outcome, challenging a long-standing goal in theoretical neuroscience to model 'ideal' neurons and neural circuits. This led her to study the effects of temperature and other global perturbations on neural circuits through the context of climate change and the crustacean STNS.

Dr. Marder has contributed to the field of neuroscience with working spanning various topics. One of her first focuses was on the neuromodulatory configuration of neuronal circuits. At the time she began working on motor pattern generation in small circuits, it was believed that neurons had relatively unchangeable properties. This belief led researchers at the time to create connectivity diagrams that would reveal immediately how the circuit functioned. Marder showed that the application of neuromodulatory substances and neurons can alter the properties of circuit components, resulting in a changed circuit output. Other areas of investigation have included models of homeostatic regulation of intrinsic excitability, which notably led to the models of synaptic scaling by Gina Turrigiano and Sacha Nelson. Her lab also addressed how a circuit may have multiple solutions, and how individuals may resolve the same challenge by adjusting different parameters. They discovered that it is possible to construct models with varying values for the density given ion channels and still produce very similar activity patterns. Notably, in the 1990s with Larry Abbott, she helped develop the dynamic clamp method, which enables an experimenter to induce mathematically modeled conductances into living neurons to view the output of theoretical circuits.

Presently, Marder's lab has been focused on the effects of climate change and environmental factors on circuit performance. They have investigated the consequences of global perturbations on individual variability, investigating specific factors including temperature, pH, and salinity. Marder's group discovered that there are "cryptic" changes that occur within the circuit as a consequence of the individual animal's temperature history, though these changes are only revealed when the system is exposed to an environmental challenge.

Marder has served on numerous editorial boards, and a broad range of review panels and working groups. Her service to the field of neuroscience has been extensive, with notable involvement in the BRAIN Initiative in 2013.

A book about Dr. Marder's life and scientific accomplishments was published in 2018, titled "Lessons from the Lobster: Eve Marder's Work in Neuroscience" by Charlotte Nassim. The book discusses Marder's early career, her scientific breakthroughs, impactful collaborations, and lessons she has learned throughout her long and successful career.

## Select publications

Eve Marder has an extensive publication record in the areas of neuromodulation, computational neuroscience, the dynamics of small networks, and neuropeptides. A selection of works are listed below:

* Marder, E.; Calabrese, R. L. (July 1, 1996). "Principles of rhythmic motor pattern generation". *Physiological Reviews*. **76** (3): 687–717. doi:10.1152/physrev.1996.76.3.687. ISSN 0031-9333. PMID 8757786.
* Bucher, Dirk; Marder, Eve (November 27, 2001). "Central pattern generators and the control of rhythmic movements". *Current Biology*. **11** (23): R986–R996. Bibcode:2001CBio...11.R986M. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00581-4. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 11728329. S2CID 1294374.
* Marder, Eve; Bucher, Dirk; Prinz, Astrid A. (2004). "Similar network activity from disparate circuit parameters". *Nature Neuroscience*. **7** (12): 1345–1352. doi:10.1038/nn1352. ISSN 1546-1726. PMID 15558066. S2CID 6697491.
* Marder, E.; Abbott, L. F.; Turrigiano, G. (May 13, 1994). "Activity-dependent changes in the intrinsic properties of cultured neurons". *Science*. **264** (5161): 974–977. Bibcode:1994Sci...264..974T. doi:10.1126/science.8178157. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 8178157.
* Sharp, A. A.; O'Neil, M. B.; Abbott, L. F.; Marder, E. (March 1, 1993). "Dynamic clamp: computer-generated conductances in real neurons". *Journal of Neurophysiology*. **69** (3): 992–995. doi:10.1152/jn.1993.69.3.992. ISSN 0022-3077. PMID 8463821.
* Marder, Eve; Goaillard, Jean-Marc; Schulz, David J. (2006). "Variable channel expression in identified single and electrically coupled neurons in different animals". *Nature Neuroscience*. **9** (3): 356–362. doi:10.1038/nn1639. ISSN 1546-1726. PMID 16444270. S2CID 19657439.
* Marder, Eve; Wood, Debra; Swensen, Andrew M.; Blitz, Dawn M.; Nusbaum, Michael P. (March 1, 2001). "The roles of co-transmission in neural network modulation". *Trends in Neurosciences*. **24** (3): 146–154. doi:10.1016/S0166-2236(00)01723-9. ISSN 0166-2236. PMID 11182454. S2CID 8994646.

## Notable awards

## InfoBox

| Eve Marder | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | New York City |
| Alma mater | Brandeis University, University of California, San Diego |
| Known for | Dynamic clamp method, studies on the stomatogastric nervous system |
| Awards | Member of the US National Academy of Sciences, Kavli Prize in Neuroscience, National Medal of Science |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Neuroscience |
| Institutions | Brandeis University |
| Doctoral advisor | Allen I. Selverston |
|  | |


title: Falcatula penumbra

abstract: Falcatula penumbra is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from Zambia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

text:
# Falcatula penumbra

***Falcatula penumbra*** is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from Zambia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

## InfoBox

| *Falcatula penumbra* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Sphingidae |
| Genus: | *Falcatula* |
| Species: | ***F. penumbra*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Falcatula penumbra***<br>(Clark, 1936) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Polyptychus penumbra* Clark, 1936 | |


title: Arthur Pole Penton

abstract: Major-General Arthur Pole Penton was a British officer in the Royal Artillery, and Commandant of the New Zealand Defence Forces from 1897 to 1901.

text:
# Arthur Pole Penton

Major-General **Arthur Pole Penton** CB CMG CVO (6 October 1854  28 August 1920) was a British officer in the Royal Artillery, and Commandant of the New Zealand Defence Forces from 1897 to 1901.

## Military career

Penton was commissioned a lieutenant in the Royal Artillery on 9 January 1873. He served in the Second Anglo-Afghan War in 1878 and was mentioned in dispatches. Promotion to captain came on 7 July 1882, and to major on 1 October 1889. He was Commandant of the New Zealand Defence Forces between 1896 and 1901, during which he received the substantive promotion to lieutenant-colonel on 15 December 1898.

In 1902 he was in charge of the Militia and Volunteer Artillery in the North-Eastern district, in command of the depôt at Scarborough, North Yorkshire. For services in connection with the colonial military contingents visiting the United Kingdom for the 1902 Coronation of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra, he was awarded the Coronation Medal in silver. He received a brevet promotion to colonel on 15 December 1902, and later advanced to major-general. He was appointed Honorary Colonel of the 13th (North Canterbury) Regiment in 1911.

He was also Member of the Executive Council of Malta from 1909 until his death in 1920.

He was made CVO in 1909, CB in 1910, and CMG in 1917.

## Family

His daughter Beryl Katherine married Sir Robert Lock.

## InfoBox

| Arthur Pole Penton | |
| --- | --- |
| Pole Penton aloft a horse (left) delivering an address to personnel of the Second New Zealand Contingent that was about to depart for the Second Boer War in 1900 | |
| Born | (1854-10-06)October 6, 1854 |
| Died | August 28, 1920(1920-08-28) (aged 65) |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Service/branch | Royal Artillery |
| Years of service | 1873–1920 |
| Rank | Major-General |
| Commands | New Zealand Defence Forces |
| Battles/wars | Second Anglo-Afghan War |
| Awards | ```  * Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George ``` * Commander of the Royal Victorian Order |
| Other work | Member of the Executive Council of Malta (1909–1920) |


title: 1931 Liberian general election

abstract: General elections were held in Liberia in 1931. In the presidential election, incumbent Edwin Barclay of the True Whig Party was challenged by Thomas J. Faulkner of the People's Party, who had lost to Charles D. B. King in the heavily rigged 1927 elections. Although Faulkner increased his vote share, particularly in Monrovia, where he only narrowly lost, Barclay was elected to a first full term in office.

text:
# 1931 Liberian general election

General elections were held in Liberia in 1931. In the presidential election, incumbent Edwin Barclay of the True Whig Party (who had originally taken office following the resignation of Charles D. B. King in December 1930) was challenged by Thomas J. Faulkner of the People's Party, who had lost to Charles D. B. King in the heavily rigged 1927 elections. Although Faulkner increased his vote share, particularly in Monrovia, where he only narrowly lost, Barclay was elected to a first full term in office.

## Campaign

Immigration was one of the campaign issues, with Faulkner calling for unrestricted immigration for African Americans, while Barclay sought to restrict it to skilled immigrants.

Momulu Massaquoi had also sought to run for the presidency, but, concerned by his popularity, Barclay tried to persuade him not to run by offering him a ministerial position. After this failed, Barclay launched a series of frivolous lawsuits against Massaquoi that prevented him contesting the elections. Although Massaquoi successfully defended the lawsuits, the legal process did not finish until after the elections had taken place.

## InfoBox

1931 Liberian general election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Presidential election | |
|  | |
| Nominee **Edwin Barclay** Thomas J. R. Faulkner   Party TWP People's Party | |
| ---  **President before election**
Edwin Barclay
TWP **Elected President**
Edwin Barclay
TWP | |
|  | |


abstract: The 1986 South Carolina United States Senate election was held on November 4, 1986 to select the U.S. Senator from the state of South Carolina. Popular incumbent Democratic Senator Fritz Hollings easily defeated Republican challenger Henry McMaster to win his fifth term. This is also the last US Senate election in South Carolina where the Democrat won with a double-digit margin. McMaster would much later be elected Governor in 2018.

text:
# 1986 United States Senate election in South Carolina

The **1986 South Carolina United States Senate election** was held on November 4, 1986 to select the U.S. Senator from the state of South Carolina. Popular incumbent Democratic Senator Fritz Hollings easily defeated Republican challenger Henry McMaster to win his fifth (his fourth full) term. This is also the last US Senate election in South Carolina where the Democrat won with a double-digit margin. McMaster would much later be elected Governor in 2018.

## Republican primary

The Republican primary campaign pitted U.S. Attorney Henry McMaster against Henry Jordan, a social conservative supported by televangelist Pat Robertson and many Christian activists.

### Candidates

* Henry Jordan, surgeon
* Henry McMaster, U.S. Attorney and future state Attorney General, Lieutenant Governor, and Governor

### Results

| Republican Primary | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Candidate | Votes | % |
|
| Henry McMaster | 27,695 | 53.4% |
| Henry Jordan | 24,164 | 46.6% |
|

## General election

### Candidates

### Campaign

The race was not seriously contested and was not a target by the Republicans. With little financial assistance, McMaster was unable to mount a credible challenge to Hollings' re-election in what became a difficult year for Republicans.

### Results

South Carolina U.S. Senate Election, 1986
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Democratic** | **Fritz Hollings (incumbent)** | **465,511** | **63.07%** | **−7.29%** |
|  | Republican | Henry McMaster | 262,976 | 35.63% | +6.00% |
|  | Libertarian | Steven B. Vandervelde | 4,788 | 0.65% | N/A |
|  | American | Ray Hillyard | 4,588 | 0.62% | N/A |
|  | *No party* | Write-Ins | 199 | 0.03% | N/A |
| Majority | | | 202,535 | 27.44% | −13.29% |
| Turnout | | | 738,062 | 56.6% | −13.9% |
|  | Democratic **hold** | | | | |

* State Election Commission (1987). *South Carolina Election Commission Annual Report 1986-1987*. Columbia, SC. pp. 14, 22.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

## InfoBox

1986 United States Senate election in South Carolina
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Nominee **Ernest Hollings** Henry McMaster   Party Democratic Republican  Popular vote **463,354** 261,394  Percentage **63.07%** 35.63% | |
| ---  County results
**Hollings**:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%
**McMaster**:      50–60% | |
| ---  **U.S. senator before election**
Ernest Hollings
Democratic **Elected U.S. Senator**
Ernest Hollings
Democratic | |


title: 2011–12 Regional Four Day Competition

abstract: The 2011–12 Regional Four Day Competition was the 46th domestic first-class cricket tournament held in the West Indies, it took place from 5 February 2011 – 16 April 2012. Unlike the previous year when the touring England Lions took part in the series, this edition was played between the seven teams based in the Caribbean. The tournament retained the same structure as the previous season; a round–robin that was followed by semi–finals where the top four teams competed. Jamaica won the tournament for the 12th time and for the fifth time in succession. It is the first time that a team has won five outright titles in a row, previously Barbados had won four in a row plus a shared title from 1975/76 to 1979/80. Jamaica sealed their victory by beating Barbados by 139 runs in the final at Sabina Park; this was preceded by a semi–final win over Guyana and six wins from six games in the initial league stage, which saw them finish top of the table.

text:
# 2011–12 Regional Four Day Competition

The 2011–12 Regional Four Day Competition was the 46th domestic first-class cricket tournament held in the West Indies, it took place from 5 February 2011  16 April 2012. Unlike the previous year when the touring England Lions took part in the series, this edition was played between the seven teams based in the Caribbean. The tournament retained the same structure as the previous season; a roundrobin that was followed by semifinals where the top four teams competed.

Jamaica won the tournament for the 12th time and for the fifth time in succession. It is the first time that a team has won five outright titles in a row, previously Barbados had won four in a row plus a shared title from 1975/76 to 1979/80. Jamaica sealed their victory by beating Barbados by 139 runs in the final at Sabina Park; this was preceded by a semifinal win over Guyana and six wins from six games in the initial league stage, which saw them finish top of the table.

## Points table

| Team | Pld | W | L | T | D | Aban | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Jamaica | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | **72** |
| Barbados | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | **48** |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 6 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | **46** |
| Guyana | 6 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | **39** |
| Windward Islands | 6 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | **28** |
| Combined Campuses and Colleges | 6 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | **16** |
| Leeward Islands | 6 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | **12** |
| Source:Cricinfo | | | | | | | | | | |

## Round-Robin

* Leeward Islands won the toss and elected to field.
* Points: Guyana 12, Leeward Islands 0
* *Nelson Bolan (Leeward Islands) made his first-class debut.*

---

* Windward Islands won the toss and elected to field.
* Points: Jamaica 12, Windward Islands 0

---

* Trinidad and Tobago won the toss and elected to bat.
* Points: Trinidad and Tobago 12, Combined Campuses and Colleges 0
* *Yannick Ottley (CCC) made his first-class debut.*

---

* Combined Campuses and Colleges won the toss and elected to field.
* Points: Combined Campuses and Colleges 12, Leeward Islands 0

---

* Guyana won the toss and elected to bat.
* Points: Windward Islands 12, Guyana 0

---

* Jamaica won the toss and elected to bat.
* Points: Jamaica 12, Barbados 0

---

* Barbados won the toss and elected to field.
* Points: Barbados 12, Trinidad and Tobago 4

---

* Combined Campuses and Colleges won the toss and elected to bat.
* Points: Guyana 12, Combined Campuses and Colleges 0

---

* Jamaica won the toss and elected to bat.
* Points: Jamaica 12, Leeward Islands 0
* *Jason Campbell (Leeward Islands) made his first-class debut.*

---

* Trinidad and Tobago won the toss and elected to bat.
* Points: Trinidad and Tobago 12, Windward Islands 0
* *Emile Rajah (Windward Islands) made his first-class debut.*

---

* Barbados won the toss and elected to bat.
* Points: Barbados 12, Combined Campuses and Colleges 0

---

* Guyana won the toss and elected to bat.
* Points: Jamaica 12, Guyana 0

---

* Guyana won the toss and elected to field.
* Points: Guyana 12, Barbados 0
* *Miguel Cummins (Barbados) made his first-class debut.*

---

* Jamaica won the toss and elected to bat.
* Points: Jamaica 12, Trinidad and Tobago 0
* *Marlon Barclay and Kevon Cooper (Trinidad and Tobago) made their first-class debuts.*

---

* Leeward Islands won the toss and elected to bat.
* Points: Leeward Islands 12, Windward Islands 4
* *Hayden Walsh (Leeward Islands) and Kavem Hodge (Windward Islands) made their first-class debuts.*

---

* Barbados won the toss and elected to field.
* Points: Barbados 12, Leeward Islands 0
* *Jomel Warrican (Barbados) made his first-class debut.*

---

* Trinidad and Tobago won the toss and elected to field.
* Points: Trinidad and Tobago 6, Guyana 3
* *Chanderpaul Hemraj (Guyana) made his first-class debut.*

---

* Combined Campuses and Colleges won the toss and elected to field.
* Points: Windward Islands 12, Combined Campuses and Colleges 4

---

* Jamaica won the toss and elected to bat.
* Points: Jamaica 12, Combined Campuses and Colleges 0

---

* Leeward Islands won the toss and elected to bat.
* Points: Trinidad and Tobago 12, Leeward Islands 0
* *Teshwan Castro and Evin Lewis (Trinidad and Tobago) made their first–class debuts.*

---

* Barbados won the toss and elected to bat.
* Points: Barbados 12, Windward Islands 0

## Semi finals

* Jamaica won the toss and elected to bat
* Player of the match: Nikita Miller (Jamaica)
* Barbados won the toss and elected to bat.
* Player of the match: Kraigg Brathwaite (Barbados)

## Final

* Jamaica won the toss and elected to bat
* Player of the match: Sulieman Benn (Barbados)

## Points allocation

Completed match

* Outright win  12
* Loser if 1st Innings lead obtained  4
* Loser if tie on 1st Innings  3
* Loser if 1st Innings also lost  0
* Tie  8

Incomplete Match

* 1st Innings lead  6
* 1st Innings loss  3
* Tie on 1st innings  4

Score Equal in a Drawn Match

* Team batting on the 4th innings  8
* Team fielding on the 4th innings if that team has lead on 1st innings  6
* If scores tied on 1st innings  4
* If team has lost on 1st innings  3

Abandoned Match

In the event of a match being abandoned without any play having taken place, or in the event of there being no 1st innings decision, three points each.

## InfoBox

2011–12 Regional Four Day Competition
| Administrator(s) | West Indies Cricket Board |
| --- | --- |
| Cricket format | First-class cricket (4 days) |
| Champions | Jamaica (12th title) |
| Participants | 7 |
| Matches | 24 |
| Most runs | 582 – Narsingh Deonarine (Guyana) |
| Most wickets | 49 – Nikita Miller (Jamaica) |
|


title: Fiona Farrell

abstract: Fiona Farrell is a New Zealand poet, fiction and non-fiction writer and playwright.

text:
# Fiona Farrell

**Fiona Farrell** ONZM (born 1947) is a New Zealand poet, fiction and non-fiction writer and playwright.

## Early years and education

Farrell was born and raised in Oamaru, in the South Island of New Zealand. She attended Waitaki Girls' High School, then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Otago in 1968. Farrell moved to Oxford in the United Kingdom with her husband after graduating and was enrolled at the University of London in art history. She and her husband then moved to Canada where Farrell graduated Master of Arts (1973) and MPhil in drama (1976) at the University of Toronto. She worked as a drama lecturer at the Palmerston North Teachers' College and lived in Palmerston North from 1976 to 1991 where she began her writing career creating plays with New Zealand content for her students.

## Career

Farrell has held numerous residencies and been recognised for her writing in many ways, including at the New Zealand Book Awards where she has been a finalist in all three categories, for fiction, non-fiction and poetry. Her first novel, *The Skinny Louie Book*, won the fiction award in 1993, and three subsequent novels have been shortlisted for the award. Four have been nominated for the International Dublin IMPAC Award. Two works of non-fiction, *The Broken Book* (2011) and *The Villa at the Edge of the Empire* (2015), a study of the impact of the earthquakes of 2010-2011 on her then home town, Christchurch, were shortlisted for the non-fiction award. Her poetry collection, *The Pop-Up Book of Invasions*, written while she held a writing residency in Donoughmore, Ireland, was a finalist in the poetry section at the 2008 NZ Book Awards. She has been a frequent guest at festivals throughout New Zealand and abroad, including Adelaide, Vancouver, Salisbury UK and Edinburgh. Between 1992 and 2017, she lived with her husband, Doug Hood, at Otanerito, a remote bay on Banks Peninsula, where their home was one of the accommodation points on the Banks Peninsula Track. Farrell has two daughters. She is now based in Dunedin.

## Awards and honours

Farrell has won several awards for short fiction, including the Bank of New Zealand Katherine Mansfield Memorial Award and the American Express Award.

* 1983 inaugural Bruce Mason Playwriting Award
* 1990 The Perils of Pauline Smith' (1990) won the Mobil Award for Best Radio Drama
* 1991–1992 Canterbury University Writer in Residence
* 'Chook Chook' (1992) remains one of Playmarket's most frequently requested scripts
* 1993 *The Skinny Louie Book* (Penguin, 1992) won the 1993 New Zealand Book Award for Fiction
* 1995 recipient of the Meridian Energy Katherine Mansfield Memorial Fellowship
* 2003, 2005 *The Hopeful Traveller* (Random House, 2002) and *Book Book* (Random House, 2004) were runners-up at the Montana New Zealand Book Awards in 2003 and 2005 respectively, and were also nominated for International IMPAC Dublin Literary Awards 2003 and 2005.
* 2006 Rathcoola Residency in Donoughmore, Ireland
* 2007 Prime Minister's Awards for Literary Achievement worth $60,000.
* 2008 *The Pop-Up Book of Invasions* (Auckland University Press, 2007) was runner-up in the poetry category at the 2008 Montana New Zealand Book Awards.
* 2009 *Mr Allbones' Ferrets* (Random House, 2007) was nominated for the 2009 Dublin IMPAC Award
* 2010 Finalist in the 2010 New Zealand Book Awards in the Fiction category for her novel, *Limestone* (Random House, 2009)
* 2011 Robert Burns Fellow
* 2012 Appointed Officer of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to literature, in the 2012 Queen's Birthday and Diamond Jubilee Honours
* 2013 Awarded the $100,000 Creative New Zealand Michael King Writer's Fellowship to research and write twin books, one fiction and one non-fiction, inspired by her experiences of the Christchurch earthquakes
* 2016 *The Villa at the Edge of the Empire: One Hundred Ways to Read a City* was a finalist for the Non-Fiction section of the 2016 Ockham New Zealand Book Awards.
* 2022 Fellow of the Academy of New Zealand Literature

## Bibliography

**Novels**:

* *The Skinny Louie Book* (Penguin, 1992)
* *Six Clever Girls Who Became Famous Women* (Penguin, 1996)
* *The Hopeful Traveller* (Vintage, 2002)
* *Book Book* (Vintage, 2004)
* *Mr Allbones' Ferrets* (Vintage, 2007; Thomas Dunne Books, 2009)
* *Limestone* (Vintage, 2009)
* *Decline and Fall on Savage Street* (Penguin Random House, 2017)
* *The Deck* (Penguin Random House, 2023)

**Poetry**:

* *Cutting Out* (Auckland University Press, 1987)
* *The Inhabited Initial* (Auckland University Press, 1999)
* *The Pop-Up Book of Invasions* (Auckland University Press, 2007)
* *Nouns, verbs, etc. (selected poems)* (Otago University Press, 2020)

**Short Stories**:

* *The Rock Garden* (Auckland University Press, 1989)
* *Light Readings* (Vintage, 2001)

**Non-fiction**:

* *The Quake Year* (with photographer Juliet Nicholas; Canterbury University Press, 2012)
* *The Villa at the Edge of the Empire* (Vintage, 2015)

**Essays and poetry**:

* *The Broken Book* (Auckland University Press, 2011)

**Plays include**:

* *Chook Chook* (Playmarket)
* *In Confidence: Dialogues with Amy Bock* (Playmarket). Devised for the WSA Conference at Massey University, 1982. Premiered at BATS Theatre.
* *Waihi, 1912* (Playmarket)
* *Snap!* Adapted from Dame Ngaio Marsh’s novel *Photo Finish.*

## InfoBox

| Fiona Farrell
ONZM | |
| --- | --- |
| Farrell in 2012 | |
| Born | 1947 (age 7677)
Oamaru, New Zealand |
| Alma mater |  |
| Genre | * Fiction * non-fiction * plays * poetry |


abstract: The 2007 South African Figure Skating Championships were held in Cape Town from 24 through 28 September 2006. Skaters competed in the disciplines of men's and ladies' singles at the senior, novice, and pre-novice levels. There was also a junior and juvenile ladies' competition.

text:
# 2007 South African Figure Skating Championships

The **2007 South African Figure Skating Championships** were held in Cape Town from 24 through 28 September 2006. Skaters competed in the disciplines of men's and ladies' singles at the senior, novice, and pre-novice levels. There was also a junior and juvenile ladies' competition.

## Senior results

### Men

| Rank | Name | Club | Total points | SP | | FS | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | Justin Pietersen | WP | 119.11 | 1 | 43.28 | 1 | 75.83 |
| **2** | Gareth Echardt | WP | 93.96 | 2 | 37.18 | 2 | 56.78 |
| WD | Matthew Wilkinson | WP |  | 3 | 36.40 |  |  |
|

### Ladies

| Rank | Name | Club | Total points | SP | | FS | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | Jenna-Anne Buys | CG | 99.93 | 1 | 33.03 | 1 | 66.90 |
| **2** | Abigail Pietersen | WP | 80.13 | 2 | 28.17 | 2 | 51.96 |

## InfoBox

| 2007 South African Figure Skating Championships | |
| --- | --- |
| Type: | National Championship |
| Date: | 24 September – 28, 2006 |
| Season: | 2006–07 |
| Location: | Cape Town |
| Champions | |
| Men's singles:
Justin Pietersen | |
| Ladies' singles:
Jenna-Anne Buys | |
|  | |
| Previous:
2006 South African Championships | |
| Next:
2008 South African Championships | |


title: Arthur Pole (conspirator)

abstract: Sir Arthur Pole of Lordington, Sussex was an English conspirator.

text:
# Arthur Pole (conspirator)

**Sir Arthur Pole** of Lordington, Sussex (1531 – between January 1570 and 12 August 1570) was an English conspirator.

## Life

He was the eldest son and heir of Sir Geoffrey Pole and Constance Packenham who had some claim to the English throne as a Plantagenet descendant of George, Duke of Clarence. He was raised at Lordington, and Gentian Hervet of Orléans served as his tutor. After the fall of his uncle, Henry Pole, Baron Montagu and his grandmother, Margaret, Countess of Salisbury, Arthur was imprisoned for a time. Upon release (before 1552), he served John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland.

The Pole family was in favour during Mary's reign, and although Arthur requested to serve at the court of Elizabeth I, his request was denied in 1561. He was imprisoned that same year for celebrating the mass. In 1562, he was named a potential heir to the throne. Pole attempted to persuade France and Spain to back the family's claims. Advised that the Guise faction would not support his claim, Arthur sought the dukedom of Clarence in exchange for his support of Mary, Queen of Scots claim to the English throne. He was imprisoned with his brothers, Edmund and Geoffrey, in the Tower of London from October 1562 or 1563 for conspiring to advance his own or Mary, Queen of Scots' claims to the throne of England. On 26 February 1563 at the Tower of London, he was found guilty of treason, and imprisoned; he died in 1570. Arthur was imprisoned in the Beauchamp Tower, where an inscription can be found that reads: ‘Deo Servire / Penitentiam Inire / Fato Obedire / Regnare Est / A Poole / 1564 / IHS’ (‘To be subject to God, to enter upon penance, to be obedient to fate, is to reign, A Poole, 1564, Jesus’).

## Marriage

Between 15 September 1562 and 27 January 1563, he married Mary Holland, who died before 16 November 1570, daughter of Sir Richard Holland of Denton, Lancashire, and wife Eleanor Harbottle, who was the widow of Sir Thomas Percy (attainted and executed in 1537), son of Henry Algernon Percy, 5th Earl of Northumberland and Catherine Spencer. The couple had no children.


title: 1997 Dorset County Council election

abstract: The 1997 Dorset County Council election was held on 1 May 1997, on the same day as the 1997 general election and other local elections. This was the first election in which as a result of Local Government Reorganisation there was creation of two new Unitary Authorities in the county; Bournemouth and Poole. The council remained under no overall control.

text:
# 1997 Dorset County Council election

The **1997 Dorset County Council election** was held on 1 May 1997, on the same day as the 1997 general election and other local elections. This was the first election in which as a result of Local Government Reorganisation there was creation of two new Unitary Authorities in the county; Bournemouth and Poole. The council remained under no overall control.

## Results

| Results | |
| --- | --- |
| Party | Seats |
| Liberal Democrats | 31 |
| Conservative Party | 21 |
| Labour Party | 5 |
| Other | 1 |


title: Arrowbear Lake, California

abstract: Arrowbear Lake is an unincorporated community in San Bernardino County, California, United States. Its altitude is 6,086 feet (1,855 m) in the San Bernardino Mountains. It is located east of Running Springs along Highway 18 in the San Bernardino National Forest, a mountain community with a population of 736 in 2000. The town is so-called because it is halfway between Lake Arrowhead and Big Bear.

text:
# Arrowbear Lake, California

**Arrowbear Lake** is an unincorporated community in San Bernardino County, California, United States. Its altitude is 6,086 feet (1,855 m) in the San Bernardino Mountains. It is located east of Running Springs along Highway 18 in the San Bernardino National Forest, a mountain community with a population of 736 in 2000.

The town is so-called because it is halfway between Lake Arrowhead and Big Bear.

## InfoBox

| Arrowbear Lake, California | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| Arrowbear Lake, CaliforniaLocation within the state of California | |
| Coordinates: 34°12′39″N 117°05′00″W / 34.21083°N 117.08333°W / 34.21083; -117.08333 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | California |
| County | San Bernardino |
| Population (2000) | |
| Total | 736 |
| Time zone | UTC-8 (Pacific (PST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-7 (PDT) |
| ZIP codes | 92382 |
| GNIS feature ID | 269578 |


title: 1927 Hessian state election

abstract: The 1927 Hessian state election was held on 13 November 1927 to elect the 70 members of the Landtag of Hesse.

text:
# 1927 Hessian state election

The **1927 Hessian state election** was held on 13 November 1927 to elect the 70 members of the Landtag of Hesse.

## Results

| Party | | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 157,293 | 32.59 | 24 | –2 |
|  | Centre Party | 85,450 | 17.70 | 13 | +2 |
|  | Hessischer Bauernbund | 61,109 | 12.66 | 9 | 0 |
|  | German People's Party | 51,654 | 10.70 | 7 | –1 |
|  | Communist Party of Germany | 41,280 | 8.55 | 6 | +2 |
|  | German Democratic Party | 37,789 | 7.83 | 5 | –1 |
|  | Reich Party for Civil Rights and Deflation | 24,123 | 5.00 | 3 | New |
|  | German National People's Party | 23,998 | 4.97 | 3 | –2 |
| Total | | 482,696 | 100.00 | 70 | 0 |
|  | | | | | |
| Valid votes | | 482,696 | 98.79 |  | |
| Invalid/blank votes | | 5,908 | 1.21 |  | |
| Total votes | | 488,604 | 100.00 |  | |
| Registered voters/turnout | | 893,144 | 54.71 |  | |
| Source: Elections in the Weimar Republic, Elections in Germany | | | | | |


abstract: The 1926 United States Senate special election in Missouri took place on November 2, 1926 in Missouri. The Republican Senator elected in 1920, Selden P. Spencer, died on May 16, 1925. George Howard Williams was appointed to continue Spencer's term on May 25, and ran in this special election to complete the term. He was defeated by the Democratic nominee Harry B. Hawes, who won 52% of the vote. Hawes also defeated Williams in the regular election held the same day.

text:
# 1926 United States Senate special election in Missouri

The **1926 United States Senate special election in Missouri** took place on November 2, 1926 in Missouri. The Republican Senator elected in 1920, Selden P. Spencer, died on May 16, 1925. George Howard Williams was appointed to continue Spencer's term on May 25, and ran in this special election to complete the term. He was defeated by the Democratic nominee Harry B. Hawes, who won 52% of the vote. Hawes also defeated Williams in the regular election held the same day.

## Democratic primary

### Candidates

### Results

Democratic primary August 3, 1926
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Democratic** | **Harry B. Hawes** | **166,478** | **56.70** |
|  | Democratic | Willis Meredith | 94,388 | 32.15 |
|  | Democratic | Robert I. Young | 32,765 | 11.16 |
| Total votes | | | **293,622** | **100** |

## Republican primary

### Candidates

### Results

Republican primary August 3, 1926
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **George Howard Williams** | **213,176** | **75.72** |
|  | Republican | Blodgett Priest | 68,354 | 24.28 |
| Total votes | | | **281,530** | **100** |

## Results

1926 United States Senate special election in Missouri
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Democratic** | **Harry B. Hawes** | **514,389** | **52.09%** | **+7.62** |
|  | Republican | George Howard Williams (Incumbent) | 473,068 | 47.91% | −5.74 |
| Majority | | | 41,321 | 4.18% |  |
| Turnout | | | 987,457 |  |  |
|  | Democratic **gain** from Republican | | Swing |  |  |

## InfoBox

1926 United States Senate special election in Missouri
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Nominee **Harry B. Hawes** George Howard Williams   Party Democratic Republican  Popular vote **514,389** 473,068  Percentage **52.09%** 47.91% | |
| ---  County results
**Hawes**:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%
**Williams**:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80% | |
| ---  **U.S. senator before election**
George Howard Williams
Republican **Elected U.S. senator**
Harry B. Hawes
Democratic | |


title: Asiago War Memorial

abstract: The Asiago War Memorial is a World War I memorial located in the town of Asiago in the Province of Vicenza in the Veneto region of northeast Italy. Surrounded by mountains that were the site of several World War I battles, the monument houses the remains of over 50,000 Italian and Austro-Hungarian soldiers and is a popular destination for travelers to the region. In Italian the memorial is typically called Sacrario Militare di Asiago or Sacrario Militare del Leiten. Leiten is the name of the hill on which the memorial sits.

text:
# Asiago War Memorial

The **Asiago War Memorial** is a World War I memorial located in the town of Asiago in the Province of Vicenza in the Veneto region of northeast Italy. Surrounded by mountains that were the site of several World War I battles, the monument houses the remains of over 50,000 Italian and Austro-Hungarian soldiers and is a popular destination for travelers to the region. In Italian the memorial is typically called Sacrario Militare di Asiago or Sacrario Militare del Leiten. Leiten is the name of the hill on which the memorial sits.

## Background and Construction

Asiago was one of the most symbolic locations of the Great War, having been overrun at the end of May 1916 by the Austro-Hungarian advance. After the war, Asiago was selected to house one of the largest Italian World War I memorials. Venetian architect Orfeo Rossato designed the monument, using one giant block of locally mined white marble of 80 square meters for the base, with the Roman arch added on top. Sculptors Montini and Zanetti also contributed to the work. The memorial was completed in 1938, with an inauguration ceremony held on 17 July. Benito Mussolini presided over the ceremony, and King Victor Emmanuel III was also present. The memorial is on Leiten Hill a few hundred meters from the center of Asiago. Connecting the memorial with the city center is Via degli Eroi (Road of Heroes), which is lined with large cypress trees.

The exterior consists of the square base, on top of which is a terrace with the arch in the middle and an altar located at the center of the arch. The base's sides are each 80 meters long, and two 35-meter staircases lead up to the terrace. The Roman arch is *quadrifrons*, meaning four-faced with four arches. With its hilltop location and a height of 47 meters, the arch is visible from throughout the Asiago plateau. This arch, along with the memorials of Pasubio, Cimone, and Monte Grappa, has become a symbol of the province of Vicenza. On the parapet of the terrace are arrows indicating the names of surrounding mountains and important battle sites. Around the entire memorial are original cannons that have been restored.

The interior contains the crypt and an octagonal chapel in the center. The crypt is therefore beneath the terrace, and its perimetrical and axial corridors intersect to create the central area where the chapel, which includes an altar, is located. Also set in the chapel are the remains of twelve Italian Gold Medals of Military Valor. Along the walls of the corridors are burial niches holding the remains of 33,086 fallen Italian soldiers, whose bodies were exhumed from 35 nearby war cemeteries between 1935 and 1938. The identified remains are in individual burial niches in alphabetical order, and the unidentified remains are in two communal tombs. Of the Italians buried in this memorial, 12,795 are known and 20,291 are unknown. Some years later the remains of 18,505 Austro-Hungarian soldiers, 12,355 of which are unidentified, were also gathered from surrounding war cemeteries and brought to this crypt.

## Museum

Near the entrance to the crypt is a museum containing many relics gathered from the battle fields of the Asiago plateau, as well as related documents and photographs from the time period of the war. The museum has a plastic model relief map of the Asiago plateau providing a visual depiction of the events that unfolded there. The left side of the museum focuses on the events of the first two years of the war, 1915–1916, and the right side documents the happenings of 1917–1918. The museum also houses a small cinema hall, and video-documentaries may be viewed there upon request.

A noteworthy piece in the museum's collection is a letter from a young soldier on the eve of the Battle of Mount Ortigara, which was discovered in the 1950s. The author, second lieutenant Adolfo Ferrero, fought in the Alpine battle of Val Dora and was a protagonist of the Battle of Mount Ortigara, where he died in combat. This last letter to his family was found in the personal effects of his page, whose mortal remains were exhumed from Mount Ortigara and entombed in the Asiago War Memorial, where Ferrero's remains are also located. Ferrero's family, therefore, never received the letter, but by a strange twist of fate the letter now directly reaches future generations, as part of a monument to never forget the Great War.

## Visitor Information

The war memorial and its museum are open to the public every day except Monday and the following holidays: New Year's Day, Easter, Easter Monday, 1 May, 15 August, 21 September (Asiago's patron saint day for St. Matthew), and Christmas. The winter hours, 1 October to 15 May, are 9:00-12:00 and 14:00-17:00. The summer hours, 16 May to 30 September, are 9:00-12:00 and 15:00-18:00.

45°52′28.61″N 11°31′13.59″E / 45.8746139°N 11.5204417°E / 45.8746139; 11.5204417

## InfoBox

| Sacrario militare di Asiago | |
| --- | --- |
| Italy | |
|  | |
| For Italian and Austro-Hungarian soldiers who died on the battles on the Asiago plateau in World War I | |
| Unveiled | 17 July 1938 (inaugurated) |
| Designed by | Orfeo Rossato |


title: Exact Editions

abstract: Exact Editions is an integrated content management platform for magazine and book publishers. It was launched in 2005 by Adam Hodgkin, Daryl Rayner and Tim Bruce. The platform expanded from a web-based subscription service into developing branded iOS apps for Apple’s Newsstand. These use the freemium model, offering subscriptions via an in-app purchase. They allow users to sync issues for offline use, share app content via social media and email, and bookmark pages to return to. The platform offers subscriptions to individuals and to institutions, as well as several titles in French and Spanish. In 2009, the company launched an Android app called ‘Exactly’, which offers access to all titles. In 2012, they began offering publishers the additional option to offer apps on the Kindle Fire through the Amazon Appstore. In 2012, Exact Editions launched its first complete digital archive for Gramophone magazine, offering subscribers access to 90 years' worth of back issues. Since then, Dazed & Confused's 20-year archive and The Wire's 30-year archive have also been released. Titles span a variety of subjects and varying frequencies of publication.

text:
# Exact Editions

**Exact Editions** is an integrated content management platform for magazine and book publishers. It was launched in 2005 by Adam Hodgkin, Daryl Rayner and Tim Bruce. The platform expanded from a web-based subscription service into developing branded iOS apps for Apple’s Newsstand. These use the freemium model, offering subscriptions via an in-app purchase. They allow users to sync issues for offline use, share app content via social media and email, and bookmark pages to return to.

The platform offers subscriptions to individuals and to institutions, as well as several titles in French and Spanish.

In 2009, the company launched an Android app called ‘Exactly’, which offers access to all titles. In 2012, they began offering publishers the additional option to offer apps on the Kindle Fire through the Amazon Appstore.

In 2012, Exact Editions launched its first complete digital archive for *Gramophone* magazine, offering subscribers access to 90 years' worth of back issues (1,000 issues in total). Since then, *Dazed & Confused*'s 20-year archive and *The Wire*'s 30-year archive have also been released.

Titles span a variety of subjects (news, music, technology, sport) and varying frequencies of publication (weekly, monthly, quarterly).

## InfoBox

Exact Editions
|
|  |
| Founder | Adam Hodgkin, Daryl Rayner, Tim Bruce |
| Headquarters | London, United Kingdom |
| Website | exacteditions.com |