title: 1997–98 Irish League Cup

abstract: The 1997–98 Irish League Cup was the 12th edition of the Irish League Cup, Northern Ireland's secondary football knock-out cup competition. It concluded on 9 September 1997 with the final. Crusaders were the defending champions after their first League Cup win last season; a 1–0 victory over Glentoran in the previous final. This season they went out in the quarter-finals to eventual winners Linfield, who lifted their fourth League Cup with a 1–0 victory over arch-rivals Glentoran in the final, condemning the Glens to their second successive League Cup final defeat. This was the last competition to feature clubs from the Irish League B Division. From the following season onwards, the competition would only be open to senior clubs in the top two divisions.

text:
# 1997–98 Irish League Cup

The **1997–98 Irish League Cup** (known as the **Wilkinson Sword League Cup** for sponsorship reasons) was the 12th edition of the Irish League Cup, Northern Ireland's secondary football knock-out cup competition. It concluded on 9 September 1997 with the final.

Crusaders were the defending champions after their first League Cup win last season; a 1–0 victory over Glentoran in the previous final. This season they went out in the quarter-finals to eventual winners Linfield, who lifted their fourth League Cup with a 1–0 victory over arch-rivals Glentoran in the final, condemning the Glens to their second successive League Cup final defeat.

This was the last competition to feature clubs from the Irish League B Division. From the following season onwards, the competition would only be open to senior clubs in the top two divisions.

## First round

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Ards** | 7–2 | Brantwood |
| Ballyclare Comrades | 1–2 | **RUC** |
| Carrick Rangers | 1–1 (4–5 ) | **Banbridge Town** |
| **Chimney Corner** | 1–0 | Cliftonville |
| **Cookstown United** | 0–5 | Larne1 |
| **Crusaders** | 3–0 | Armagh City |
| Dundela | 1–4 | **Ballymena United** |
| **Dungannon Swifts** | 1–0 | Distillery |
| **Glenavon** | 2–0 | Harland & Wolff Welders |
| **Glentoran** | 5–1 | Tobermore United |
| Limavady United | 0–2 | **Bangor** |
| **Linfield** | 7–1 | Ballinamallard United |
| Loughgall | 0–1 | **Portadown** |
| Moyola Park | 0–3 | **Coleraine** |
| **Newry Town** | 3–1 | Ballymoney United |
| Omagh Town | 1–6 | **Institute** |

1 Larne were disqualified for fielding an ineligible player. Cookstown United were reinstated.

## Second round

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Bangor | 0–3 | **Portadown** |
| Coleraine | 3–5 | **Crusaders** |
| **Glenavon** | 2-1 | Ards |
| **Glentoran** | 9–2 | Dungannon Swifts |
| **Institute** | 5–1 | Banbridge Town |
| **Linfield** | 3–0 | Cookstown United |
| Newry Town | 1–1 (4–5 ) | **Ballymena United** |
| RUC | 1–2 | **Chimney Corner** |

## Quarter-finals

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Chimney Corner | 1–2 | **Portadown** |
| Crusaders | 0–1 | **Linfield** |
| **Glenavon** | 6–1 | Ballymena United |
| **Glentoran** | 3–2 | Institute |

## Semi-finals

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Glentoran** | 1–0 | Glenavon |
| Portadown | 1–2 | **Linfield** |

## Final

| Linfield | 1 – 0 | Glentoran |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Spiers  45' | Report |  |

Windsor Park, Belfast

## InfoBox

1997–98 Irish League Cup
| Wilkinson Sword League Cup | |
| --- | --- |
| Tournament details | |
| Country | Northern Ireland |
| Teams | 32 |
| Defending champions | Crusaders |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | Linfield (4th win) |
| Runner-up | Glentoran |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 31 |
| Goals scored | 120 (3.87 per match) |
|  | |


title: Eric Toensmeier

abstract: Eric Toensmeier is an author of several books focused on climate change, biodiversity, and nutrition. He is also a lecturer at Yale University and a Senior Biosequestration Fellow at Project Drawdown. Previously, he managed a farm program for Nuestras Raices, a nonprofit organization that ran community gardens in Holyoke, Massachusetts; and ran a mail-order seed company with Jonathan Bates for plants that would improve the soil or attract beneficial insects.

text:
# Eric Toensmeier

**Eric Toensmeier** is an author of several books focused on climate change, biodiversity, and nutrition. He is also a lecturer at Yale University and a Senior Biosequestration Fellow at Project Drawdown.

Previously, he managed a farm program for Nuestras Raices, a nonprofit organization that ran community gardens in Holyoke, Massachusetts; and ran a mail-order seed company with Jonathan Bates for plants that would improve the soil or attract beneficial insects.

## Career

Toensmeier's works include *Paradise Lot*, *Perennial Vegetables: From Artichoke to ‘Zuiki’ Taro, a Gardener’s Guide to Over 100 Delicious, Easy-to-Grow Edibles*, *Edible Forests Gardens: Ecological Vision and Theory for Temperate Climate Permaculture* (co-authored), and *Perennial Vegetables: A neglected resource for biodiversity, carbon sequestration, and nutrition* (co-authored).

In *Perennial Vegetables: A neglected resource*, Toensmeier provides information on crops that could help address malnutrition issues, including trees with edible, nutritious leaves. Perennial plants are those that grow all-year-round and do not require replanting or reseeding. They are used in regenerative and sustainable farming.

In February 2020, Toensmeier's 2016 book, *Carbon Farming: A Global Toolkit for Stabilizing the Climate with Tree Crops and Regenerative Agriculture Practices*, was released as an ebook. In the book, Toensmeier argues that carbon farming has the potential to return carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to 350 parts per million, while also providing food for people and regenerating soil. Carbon farming is defined as the use of agriculture to remove excess carbon from the air and soil by storing it in trees and plants. Toensmeier practices carbon farming at his home in Holyoke, Massachusetts.

Toensmeier is an adviser for Summersweet Gardens Nursery at Perennial Pleasures, whose owner was inspired by Toensmeier's book, Perennial Vegetables.

More recently, Toensmeier became a senior fellow at the climate think tank, Project Drawdown, as well as lecturing at Yale.

## Publications

* Paradise Lot
* Perennial Vegetables: From Artichoke to ‘Zuiki’ Taro, a Gardener's Guide to Over 100 Delicious, Easy-to-Grow Edibles
* Edible Forests Gardens: Ecological Vision and Theory for Temperate Climate Permaculture (co-authored)
* Perennial Vegetables: A neglected resource for biodiversity, carbon sequestration, and nutrition (co-authored)
* Carbon Farming: A Global Toolkit for Stabilizing the Climate with Tree Crops and Regenerative Agriculture Practices

1. "Perennial Vegetables Are a Solution in the Fight Against Hunger and Climate Change". *Civil Eats*. 2020-08-19. Retrieved 2021-05-25.
2. "Can Perennial Vegetables Help Fight Hunger and Climate Change?". *LIVEKINDLY*. 2020-09-01. Retrieved 2021-05-25.
3. "Carbon Farming: A Solution to Climate Change?". *JIA SIPA*. 2020-02-11. Retrieved 2021-05-25.
4. Raver, Anne (2013-02-13). "Their Trip to Bountiful". *The New York Times*. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-05-25.
5. Flynn, Anne-Gerard (2020-02-23). "Spring Bulb Show opens March 7 at Smith College". *masslive*. Retrieved 2021-06-02.
6. Raver, Anne (2013-02-13). "Their Trip to Bountiful". *The New York Times*. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-06-02.
7. Toensmeier, Eric; Ferguson, Rafter; Mehra, Mamta (2020-07-10). "Perennial vegetables: A neglected resource for biodiversity, carbon sequestration, and nutrition". *PLOS ONE*. **15** (7): e0234611. Bibcode:2020PLoSO..1534611T. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0234611. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 7351156. PMID 32649667.
8. "Perennial Vegetables Are a Solution in the Fight Against Hunger and Climate Change". *Civil Eats*. 2020-08-19. Retrieved 2021-06-02.
9. "How Carbon Farming Could Reverse Climate Change". *Civil Eats*. 2016-03-16. Retrieved 2021-06-02.
10. "Some advice for starting your own backyard 'carbon farm'". *The World from PRX*. 14 December 2016. Retrieved 2021-06-02.
11. Pasanen, Melissa. "Vermont Farmer-Researchers Explore the Potential of Perennial Vegetables". *Seven Days VT*.
12. Philpott, Tom. "To save the Corn Belt, plant trees". *Mother Jones*. Retrieved 2021-12-01.

## InfoBox

| Eric Toensmeier | |
| --- | --- |
| Occupation | Author |
| Subjects | Climate change, Biodiversity, and Nutrition |
| Website | |
| www.perennialsolutions.org | |


title: 1952–53 Egyptian Premier League

abstract: The 1952–53 Egyptian Premier League started in November 1952. Al Ahly were crowned champions for the fourth time in the club's history.

text:
# 1952–53 Egyptian Premier League

The **1952–53 Egyptian Premier League** started in November 1952. Al Ahly were crowned champions for the fourth time in the club's history.

## League table

| Pos | Club | Pld | W | D | L | F | A | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Al Ahly (C) | 18 | 12 | 4 | 2 | 37 | 23 | **28** |
| 2 | Zamalek | 18 | 10 | 6 | 2 | 33 | 19 | **26** |
| 3 | Al Masry | 18 | 10 | 4 | 4 | 40 | 23 | **24** |
| 4 | Tersana SC | 18 | 9 | 2 | 7 | 42 | 38 | **20** |
| 5 | El Sekka El Hadid | 18 | 7 | 5 | 6 | 32 | 33 | **19** |
| 6 | Al Ittihad | 18 | 8 | 2 | 8 | 36 | 32 | **18** |
| 7 | Olympic | 18 | 6 | 2 | 10 | 29 | 35 | **14** |
| 8 | Port Fuad (R) | 18 | 5 | 3 | 10 | 22 | 31 | **13** |
| 9 | Ismaily SC | 18 | 4 | 3 | 11 | 27 | 41 | **11** |
|
| 10 | Teram | 18 | 1 | 5 | 12 | 19 | 42 | **7** |
|

(C)= Champions, (R)= Relegated, Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; ± = Goal difference; Pts = Points.

## InfoBox

Egyptian Premier League
| Season | 1952–53 |
| --- | --- |
| Dates | 14 November 1952 – 2 August 1953 |
| Champions | Al Ahly (4th title) |
| Relegated | Port Fuad relegated after playing playoffs with Ismaily and Teram |
| Matches played | 89 |
| Goals scored | 322 (3.62 per match) |
| Top goalscorer | El-Dhizui
(18 goals) |
| Biggest home win | Zamalek 6–0 El Sekka El Hadid
(30 November 1952) |
| Biggest away win |
Zamalek 1–4 Al Masry
(10 April 1953) |
| Highest scoring | Teram 4–7 Ismaily
(24 May 1953) |
| 1951–52 1953–54 All statistics correct as of 30 July 2020. | |


title: El Camino (Vox Dei album)

abstract: El Camino is the 13th and last studio album by Argentine rock band Vox Dei, released in 2005.

text:
# El Camino (Vox Dei album)

***El Camino*** is the 13th and last studio album by Argentine rock band Vox Dei, released in 2005.

## Details

It is the band's second album with guitarist Carlos Gardellini and its first release on the band's independent label, La Rompe Records. It is also Vox Dei's seventh line-up second full-length appearance since 1994, following the departure of Ricardo Soulé in 1998. The band presented and announced the new album on July 22, 2005, at the ND Ateneo Theatre (Buenos Aires), three months before they ended the recording. Also, Vox Dei remade six songs from previous albums (including the studio version of "Torcazas y Pinos", from *El Regreso de la Leyenda*).

## Track listing

1. "El Camino"
2. "Tito"
3. "Soltando Lastre"
4. "No Quiero Dormir" (Carlos Gardellini, Willy Quiroga)
5. "Ahora Es el Preciso Instante"
6. "Carrera Loca" (Carlos Gardellini, Rubén Basoalto)
7. "Compulsión"
8. "Esta Canción"
9. "Torcazas y Pinos"
10. "Un Corazón Dispuesto"
11. "Tan Sólo un Hombre"
12. "Río de Blues" (Ricardo Soulé, Willy Quiroga)
13. "Medley: Jeremías, Pies de Plomo / El Regreso del Dr. Jeckill" (Ricardo Soulé, Willy Quiroga)
14. "*Hidden track*"

## Credits

Vox Dei

## InfoBox

| El Camino | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Vox Dei | |
| Released | November 2005 |
| Recorded | June–August 2005 |
| Genre | Hard rock |
| Length | 59:54 |
| Label | La Rompe Records |
| Producer | Vox Dei |
| Vox Dei chronology | |
| *La Biblia (Re-recording)*
(1997) ***El Camino***
(2005) *Vox Dei en vivo*
(2007) | |


title: Englschalking

abstract: Englschalking is a quarter of the Bavarian capital Munich and belongs to the district 13 Bogenhausen.

text:
# Englschalking

**Englschalking** is a quarter of the Bavarian capital Munich and belongs to the district 13 Bogenhausen.

## Location

Englschalking is located relatively central in the district of Bogenhausen. The historic town centre lies northeast of the intersection Englschalkinger Straße/Ostpreußenstraße. In the east Englschalking has developed beyond the Munich East–Munich Airport railway to Max-Nadler-Straße, in the south it is bordered by Memeler Straße and Englschalkinger Straße, in the west by Cosimastraße and the area of the former Prinz-Eugen-Kaserne and in the north by Fideliostraße.

## History

In the area of Stegmühlstraße/Rambaldistraße, end Stone Age burials and an Early Bronze Age cemetery were discovered during excavations by the Bavarian State Office for Monument Protection in 1983. At the northern edge of Englschalking, south of Stegmühlstraße and east of the Munich S-Bahn, there was a settlement from the Early Middle Ages excavated in 1983. A residential house, an iron smelter, fountain, barns, stables and a cemetery in which 34 burials are documented were found. Jewellery that was found allowed historians to date it back to the 7th century. The foundation of Englschalking is assumed to date back to the 9th or 10th century. Englschalking was first mentioned in a document in 1231/1234 in the Bavarian Duke's urbarium (medieval register of ownership rights of a landlordate). The name is derived from *Engelschalch* (strict servant) or *Englischalcho* (also *Engilschalko*). In 1319 the hamlet of *Englschaling* was sold by Duke Ludwig to the Hochstift Freising, to which it belonged until secularization in 1803 as part of the county of Ismaning. When the community was included into Bavaria in 1818, Englschalking became part of the community of Daglfing.

Most of the buildings in the historic town centre date back to the end of the 19th century. Englschalking achieved some prosperity through the cultivation of moss and brickworks, in which the bricks used in construction in Munich were fired from the clay extracted here.

At the beginning of the 20th century, Englschalking developed into the central town of the municipality of Daglfing, partly because a municipal school was opened in 1896 on what is now Schnorr-von-Carolsfeld-Straße. Along with the municipality of Daglfing, Englschalking was incorporated into the city of Munich on 1 January 1930.

## Townscape

The historic centre of Englschalking is a good example of a *Haufendorf* (ancient heap village). Large farmsteads stand in irregular arrangement around the church of Saint Nicholas, dating back to the 13th century. This village centre, which is a historically listed ensemble of buildings, is about the same size as the village was in the early 19th century.

South of the town centre and Englschalkinger Straße lies the large primary school building on Ostpreußenstraße, a 1930s work by Hermann Leitenstorfer. The original village school, built in the 19th century as a community school for the community of Daglfing on the eastern edge of the old town centre, now serves as a kindergarten. The parish church of Saint Emmeram is also located on Ostpreußenstraße.

To the west of the town centre lies Fideliopark, built in 1966-1970, with three to nineteen-storey apartment blocks. Further west is Cosimapark, built between 1964 and 1969, with four-storey apartment blocks and ten to nineteen-storey skyscrapers surrounded by balconies. On both sides of the railway line, extensive single-family house estates and estates with multi-family houses (such as the Barlowstraße estate) have been built since 1978.

## Transportation

The railway line from Munich East–Munich Airport runs through Englschalking and every 20 minutes the S8 line of the Munich S-Bahn from Herrsching to Munich Airport travels there. The double-track S-Bahn station München-Englschalking, equipped with side-rail platforms, is located here.

The tram line to Saint Emmeram which opened in 2011, touches Englschalking along Cosimastraße. Currently, line 16 runs on it with connections to Bogenhausen (Arabellapark, Effnerplatz, Herkomerplatz, Ismaninger Straße), to Haidhausen (Klinikum rechts der Isar, Max-Weber-Platz, Wiener Platz, Gasteig, Müllersches Volksbad) and to the city centre.

The underground line U4 from the city centre does not quite reach Englschalking, but is well connected with three bus lines and one tram line to the Arabellapark terminal.

There are plans to extend the underground line 4 from the current end terminal Arabellapark via Fidelio Park to the Englschalking S-Bahn station. The journey time between Bogenhausen and the Munich Airport would be shortened by a few minutes. However, critics are sceptical about extending the rather underutilized U4. Some of the calculated passenger growth has already been absorbed by the new tram line, so that the extension of the subway is currently postponed.

48°9′28″N 11°38′34″E / 48.15778°N 11.64278°E / 48.15778; 11.64278


title: 2009 Aruban general election

text:
# 2009 Aruban general election

General elections were held in Aruba on 25 September 2009. The elections were the seventh to be held for membership of the Estates since autonomy was granted by the Dutch in 1986, and resulted in a landslide victory for the Aruban People's Party, which won 12 of the 21 seats in the Estates.

## Background

Prior to this election the People's Electoral Movement (MEP) were the governing party, holding eleven seats. The main opposition Aruban People's Party (AVP) held eight with the Network of Electoral Democracy and the Aruban Patriotic Movement holding a seat apiece.

## Electoral system

The 21 members of the Estates were elected for a four-year term using proportional representation, carried out in a single nationwide constituency. Each party was allowed to place up to 29 people on their party list. The party or coalition with a majority was allowed to select a Prime Minister.

## Campaign

Eight parties and 167 independents contested the elections. The Aruban Director of the Register of Population and electoral council member Sharline Luidens forbade the press from taking photos inside polling stations during the election.

Pre-election polls showed the AVP were expected to win, campaigning to reduce inflation and abolish a tax on local business. The AVP also pledged to address concerns over the island's oil refinery operated by Valero Energy, which had been closed since mid-July 2009 and had provided jobs for around one thousand people, as well as a recent decline in tourists visiting the island. The People's Electoral Movement (MEP) pledged to diversify the economy and reduce debt and living costs.

The parties were represented by specific colors during the campaign; the AVP was known as the "green party," the MEP was the "yellow party" and the independent Real Democracy Party was identified as the "red party."

## Results

|  | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
|  | Aruban People's Party | 26,476 | 48.03 | 12 | +4 |
|  | People's Electoral Movement | 19,804 | 35.93 | 8 | –3 |
|  | Real Democracy | 3,144 | 5.70 | 1 | +1 |
|  | Aruban Patriotic Movement | 2,444 | 4.43 | 0 | –1 |
|  | Democratic Network | 2,378 | 4.31 | 0 | –1 |
|  | Aruban Patriotic Party | 611 | 1.11 | 0 | 0 |
|  | United Christians Reinforcing Aruba's Potential | 139 | 0.25 | 0 | New |
|  | MSI–OLA | 125 | 0.23 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | | 55,121 | 100.00 | 21 | 0 |
|  | | | | | |
| Valid votes | | 55,121 | 98.87 |  | |
| Invalid/blank votes | | 629 | 1.13 |  | |
| Total votes | | 55,750 | 100.00 |  | |
| Registered voters/turnout | | 64,602 | 86.30 |  | |
| Source: Overheid | | | | | |

A turnout of 86% was recorded for the election which proceeded without disruption. Governor Fredis Refunjol and his wife, Clarette, voted at the Sacred Heart School in Savaneta early Friday morning and urged all Arubans to vote as well. Incumbent Prime Minister Nelson Oduber and his wife, Glenda, cast their ballots at the EPB School in Hato, on the edge of Oranjestad. AVP leader Mike Eman voted in the afternoon at the Colegio Arubano, a junior-senior high school, with his wife, Doina, and his brother, Henny Eman, who was Aruba's first Prime Minister. Doina Eman, who is originally from the United States, had recently acquired her Dutch passport and this was the first Aruban election in which she was eligible to vote.

Polls closed in Aruba at 7:00 pm local time. Early results began filtering in approximately 8:30 pm. The first results reported in were from the Noord District, which showed a marked support for the AVP. Twelve election precincts in Oranjestad, the capital, were also won by the AVP early in the evening. The AVP, which is identified by the color green, also won eight polling stations in San Nicolas, the site of the recently closed Valero Energy oil refinery.

Support declined for Nelson Obuder's MEP party across the island. The MEP, which is known as the "yellow party", captured its traditional stronghold of Santa Cruz, as well as precincts in portions of Savaneta and Paradera. Support for the MEP ultimately dropped from eleven to eight seats in the Estates.

The AVP, led by Mike Eman, claimed 48% of the vote and twelve seats in the Estates, making Eman the 5th Prime Minister-Elect of Aruba with an absolute majority of three seats in the 21-seat House. The MEP won 36% of the vote and eight seats, with the final seat being won by the Real Democracy Party. This meant that Nelson Oduber, the demissionary Prime Minister of Aruba, had lost control of the Estates for the first time in eight years. Eman arrived at the AVP party headquarters in Oranjestad, where he was greeted by approximately 2,000 supporters dressed in green, the color of the AVP. The victory was marked by AVP supporters letting off fireworks and unfurling flags in the green livery of the party. In his speech, Eman thanked Aruba's Latino and Haitian communities. The winning party of an Aruban election traditionally celebrates with a parade following the election.

## Reactions

Oduber blamed the MEP's defeat on Dutch interference in Aruba's affairs, in particular referring to a recent announcement that the Dutch authorities would commence an investigation into corruption on the island. Oduber also singled out Valero Energy CEO Bill Klesse, accusing him of taking sides in the election against the MEP by closing the refinery shortly before the election took place. In a speech carried only on Aruban Channel 22, Oduber did not congratulate the winning AVP. Instead, he said that the AVP should work to fulfill its "unreal promise" to Arubans.

## InfoBox

2009 Aruban general election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| ---  All 21 seats in Parliament
11 seats needed for a majority | |
| First party Second party Third party  **PDR**  Leader Mike Eman Nelson Oduber Andin Bekker  Party AVP PEM PDR  Seats before 8 11 0  Seats won **12** 8 1  Seat change  4  3  1  Popular vote **26,476** 19,804 3,144  Percentage **48.03%** 35.93% 5.70%  Swing  15.44  6.94  1.00 | |
| ---  **Prime Minister before election**
Nelson Oduber
PEM **Elected Prime Minister**
Mike Eman
APP | |


title: Anger (downset. song)

abstract: "Anger" is a song by American rapcore band downset. It was first released independently as a 7-inch single on Abstract Recordings. The songs lyrics discuss the 1992 Los Angeles riots and police brutality, whilst criticising gang culture and racism. "Anger" was instrumental in the band attracting major label interest, and helped them get signed to Mercury Records, who re-released the song as the lead single of the band's 1994 self-titled debut album. Despite not having any chart success, it is regarded as the band's signature song.

text:
# Anger (downset. song)

"**Anger**" (also stylised as "**Anger!**") is a song by American rapcore band downset. It was first released independently as a 7-inch single on Abstract Recordings. The songs lyrics discuss the 1992 Los Angeles riots and police brutality, whilst criticising gang culture and racism.

"Anger" was instrumental in the band attracting major label interest, and helped them get signed to Mercury Records, who re-released the song as the lead single of the band's 1994 self-titled debut album. Despite not having any chart success, it is regarded as the band's signature song.

## Composition and lyrics

> "The anger of a generation was being heard all over this world and I knew from this day on that the people of L.A. would never be the same after this. It was the beginning of the end. Anger. Anger. On April 29 of 1992 Love was gone and hatred in the hearts of man was more important than compassion." -Rey Oropeza

"Anger" is a rapcore and nu metal song. The song is written in the key of C major with a common time tempo of 164 beats per minute. The song's guitars are down-tuned to drop C tuning.

"Anger" was lyrically inspired Rey Oropeza's experiences witnessing, and his frustration of, the 1992 Los Angeles riots on April 29, 1992 when the riots began following the jury's not guilty verdict of the Los Angeles Police Department ("April 29/L.A. swine not guilty"), as well as mentioning Latasha Harris, whose failed appeal on her murder played a significant role in starting the riots. The song also mentions the death of Rey Oropeza's father, who was killed at the hands of the L.A.P.D. in 1971 when Rey was eight months old. "When your loved ones are murdered by the hands of this system and you are exposed to a lifelong dreary existence at the mercy of the welfare system and practically useless schooling by the LAUSD, I will guarantee you that you will build and feel a hate that only a starving poor ghetto-barrio child could fully understand."

The song's second verse expresses Oropeza's frustration at poseurs and the gang lifestyle he had come out of. "When I was saying ‘true blue’, I was saying fuck that, there was a lot of fucking suckers around, you know, fools that were trying to play it like they grew up in the rough."

### Zack de la Rocha diss

In the original version of "Anger", the second verse contained a diss at Zack de la Rocha of Rage Against The Machine, ("Zack, what you know about a set or a sign?") that was later removed in the re-release. In a statement provided in the band's fanzine, Rey Oropeza outlined the reasons for the verses removal;

> "What we have changed are the lyrics that aimed at a certain person and band that meant something to a generation of people. Before the fake accent that you could get only if you grew up in the ghetto, which he is far from being from.... I could say so much more, but one thing is for sure - me and others in this band are from a true history of hip-hop.... I know for sure no matter what that we will live in the shadow of this band. We will be compared to this band over and over again.... So I lay this to rest knowing how long I have been doing this. My sincere identity in the graffiti art hip-hop true school world. Knowing that I am from L.A. '818 Valle' and not from Irvine. I am from the barrio-ghetto and it means much to me and my identity...."

In a 2016 interview on the "Talk Toomey" podcast (run by Primer 55 bassist Josh Toomey), bassist James Morris stated that the band had no jealousy or ill feelings towards Rage Against The Machine; "It was never anything for me but like ‘wow, are you kidding me? The kind of music we made in high school can…’ Like they came up—we all came up at the same time—but they took off. Like it went from 0 to 60, like almost overnight. All of a sudden it was us and Rage and then boom, Rage had sort of staked the claim for rap and hardcore together. I never saw it as anything but a great thing for music in general. I was never jealous or sort of that hateful type, that you know ‘f-them.’ We’re cool, they took it and ran with it so no, never any of that. I was always very happy to see what I was doing was so successful.”

## Release

"Anger" was initially released in January on Abstract Recordings as a 7-inch single, with the B-side being "Ritual". After the band signed with Mercury in 1994, the song was released as a single for radio airplay on June 13, 1994.

### 2022 vinyl reissue

Following the band's signing to Nuclear Blast Records in February 2022, the band announced reissues of the "Anger / Ritual" and the "About Ta Blast" singles on 7-inch vinyl; these are both scheduled to be released on October 14, 2022.

## Legacy

Despite the song not having chart success, "Anger" has since been regarded by fans and the band to be downset.'s signature song. In a 2017 interview to *No Echo*, bassist James Morris commented on the song's legacy; "There was no doubt from the sound of the song, to what the lyrics pointed to, and the culture of the time, that we had something special. It was the perfect time for that song to come out."

## Personnel

Adapted from Tidal.

1. "Downset Web Site". 1997-06-10. Archived from the original on 1997-06-10. Retrieved 2022-06-11.
2. Bat, Tune (2022-11-06). "Key & BPM for Anger by Downset | Tunebat". *Tunebat*.
3. Fix, Modern (24 January 2012). "Interview: Downset | Modern Fix". *Modern Fix*. Retrieved 2022-06-11.
4. feartheapocalypticrebornzine (2013-08-02). "DOWNSET. Interview". *feartheapocalypticrebornzine*. Retrieved 2022-06-11.
5. "Downset". 2019-09-25. Retrieved 2022-06-11.
6. "Interview: Downset". *Modern Fix*. 2012-01-24. Retrieved 2022-06-11.
7. "Review of the band Downset". *www.prisoncensorship.info*. Retrieved 2022-06-12.
8. "Downset.'s James Morris Says He Wasn't Jealous Of Rage Against The Machine, Talks Impact On Nü Metal". *Theprp.com*. 2016-03-18. Retrieved 2022-06-11.
9. Inc, Nielsen Business Media (1994-07-30). *Billboard*. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. `{{cite book}}`: `|last=` has generic name (help)
10. Blabbermouth (2022-02-18). "DOWNSET Signs With NUCLEAR BLAST, Plots Sixth Album". *BLABBERMOUTH.NET*. Retrieved 2022-06-11.
11. "DOWNSET - downset. '92 demos (Anger/Ritual/About Ta Blast) 2 x 7"EP BLUE VINYL - 7"EP blue". *Nuclear Blast*. Retrieved 2022-06-11.
12. "Interview: James Morris (downset., NonCon)". *www.noecho.net*. 15 August 2017. Retrieved 2022-06-11.
13. "Credits / Downset / Downset - TIDAL". *Tidal*.

## InfoBox

| "Anger" | |
| --- | --- |
| Mercury single release cover | |
| Single by downset. | |
| from the album  *downset.* | |
| B-side | "Ritual" |
| Released | January 1994
June 13, 1994 (re-release) |
| Recorded | 1993 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 4:13 |
| Label | Abstract Recordings
Mercury (re-release) |
| Songwriter(s) | downset. |
| Producer(s) |  |
| Downset. singles chronology | |
| "About Ta Blast"
(1993) "**Anger**"
(1994) "Downset"
(1995) | |
|  | |
| Music video | |
| "Anger" on YouTube | |
| Alternative covers | |
|  | |
| Original cover used for "Anger / Ritual" | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Elizabeth Nance

abstract: Elizabeth Nance is an American chemical engineer. She has held the Clare Boothe Luce Assistant Professorship at the University of Washington since September 2015. Her primary research interests are "disease-directed engineering, nanomedicine-based and nanometabolic-based platform development, systems thinking to assess and model therapeutic barriers in treating disease, and biological transport phenomena".

text:
# Elizabeth Nance

**Elizabeth Nance** is an American chemical engineer. She has held the Clare Boothe Luce Assistant Professorship at the University of Washington since September 2015. Her primary research interests are "disease-directed engineering, nanomedicine-based and nanometabolic-based platform development, systems thinking to assess and model therapeutic barriers in treating disease, and biological transport phenomena".

## Education

Nance earned her bachelor of science degree in chemical and biomolecular engineering at North Carolina State University in 2006 and her PhD in chemical engineering at Johns Hopkins University (JHU) in 2012. She then did postdoctoral work at JHU. 'Forbes 30 under 30 in Science and Medicine' named her the "most disruptive, game-changing and innovative young personalities in science".

Dr. Kenneth Ford credited Nance with developing "the first nanoparticles that can penetrate deep within the brain" while she was working on her doctorate. Such particles can "successfully target specific regions and cells within the brain" and what changes might affect a drug's usefulness and develop ways to overcome barriers. This required getting past what is called the blood-brain barrier, which requires a multidisciplinary team effort.

## Honors and awards

Nance was awarded the PECASE (Presidential Early Career Awards for Scientists and Engineers) award in 2019. On 15 May 2016, she was one of the TED conference speakers on the topic "In Motion". This talk focused on changes in human activity in Seattle. She was named by *Forbes Magazine* as one of the "30 Under 30 for Science & Medicine" in 2015. Her other awards include:

## InfoBox

| Elizabeth Nance | |
| --- | --- |
| Nance in 2020 | |
| Citizenship | American |
| Education | B.S., North Carolina State University, 2006<br>PhD, Johns Hopkins University, 2012 |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Doctoral advisor | Justin Hanes, PhD |
|  | |


title: 1993–94 French Rugby Union Championship

abstract: The 1993–94 French Rugby Union Championship was contested by 32 clubs divided into four pools. At the end of the first phase, the teams placed in the first four places of each pool were admitted to the "Top 16" arranged with four pools of four teams. The first two of each pool were admitted to the quarter-finals. The four clubs of Périgueux, Dijon, Lyon OU and Lourdes, the newcomer, coming from "Group B" 1992-93. Toulouse won its 11th title, beating Montferrand in the final. Toulouse became, with Béziers, the winner of the most titles. Montferrand lost another final. At the end of the season Mon de Marsan, Lourdes, Béziers and Lyon OU were relegated.

text:
# 1993–94 French Rugby Union Championship

The  **1993–94 French Rugby Union Championship** was contested by 32 clubs divided into four pools. At the end of the first phase, the teams placed in the first four places of each pool were admitted to the "Top 16" arranged with four pools of four teams. The first two of each pool were admitted to the quarter-finals.

The four clubs of Périgueux, Dijon, Lyon OU and Lourdes, the newcomer, coming from "Group B" 1992-93.

Toulouse won its 11th title, beating Montferrand in the final. Toulouse became, with Béziers, the winner of the most titles. Montferrand lost another final. At the end of the season Mon de Marsan, Lourdes, Béziers and Lyon OU were relegated.

## Participants

Teams listed as in the final ranking. Teams in **bold** qualified to the next round.

| **Pool 1** | **Pool 2** |
| --- | --- |
| **Pool 3** | **Pool 4** |

## Top 16

Team listed as in the final ranking. Teams in **bold** qualified to next round.

| **Pool 1** | **Pool 2** |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Pool 3** | **Pool 4** |

## Final stages

### Quarter-finals

| May 1994 | **Dax** | **18 - 9** | **Bourgoin** |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| |  |  |  |  |  |

| 4 May 1994 | **Montferrand** | **15 – 8** | **Toulon** | Lyon |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| |  | **Pen:** Pradier 4' 7' 17' 38' 78'
 |  | **Pen:** Loppy 57'
 | Attendance: 10.000
Referee: Barrabes |

| 15 May 1994 | **Toulouse** | **26 – 12** | **Narbonne** | Stade Maurice Trélut, Tarbes |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| |  | **Try:** Cazalbou 51', Ougier 58'
O. Carbonneau 79'
**Con:** Deylaud
**Pen:** Deylaud 22', Ntamack 11' 30'
 |  | **Pen:** Marfaing 13' 25' 33' 53'
 | Attendance: 3.710
Referee: M. Thomas |

| May1994 | **Grenoble** | **15 - 11** | **Agen** |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| |  |  |  |  |  |

### Semifinals

| 21 May 1994 | **Montferrand** | **22 – 15** | **Grenoble** | Nimes |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| |  | **Try:** Saint-André 57'
**Con:** Pradier 57'
**Pen:** Pradier 5 (1', 12', 18', 22', 72' )
 |  | **Pen:** Savy 3 (7' 9' 31'), Vélo (35')
**Drop:** Goirand (16')
 | Attendance: 15.000
Referee: M. Casteret |

| 21 May 1994 | **Toulouse** | **30 – 25** | **Dax** | Parc Lescure, Bordeaux |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| |  | **Try:** Portolan (15') et Berty 2 (47' e 52')
**Con:** Deylaud 3 (15' 47' 52')
**Pen:** Deylaud (6')
**Drop:** Deylaud 2 (72' 74')
 |  | **Try:** Roumat (78')
**Con:** Lacroix (78')
**Pen:** Lacroix 5 (24' 40' 59' 63' 68')
**Drop:** Lacroix (45')
 | Attendance: 9.317
Referee: Didier Mené |

### Final

| Toulouse | 22 – 16 | Montferrand |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Cazalbou (63')
**Con:** Deylaud (63')
**Pen:** Deylaud (3) (38', 52', 77')
**Drop:** Deylaud (2) (40', 66') |  | **Try:** Juillet (60')
**Con:** Pradier (60')
**Pen:** Pradier (3) (6', 26', 34') |

| FB **15**  Joël Dupuy  RW **14**  Émile Ntamack  OC **13**  Philippe Carbonneau  79'  IC **12**  Olivier Carbonneau  64'  LW **11**  David Berty  FH **10**  Christophe Deylaud  SH **9**  Jérôme Cazalbou   N8 **8**  Albert Cigagna ()   OF **7**  Régis Sonnes  BF **6**  Jean-Luc Cester   RL **5**  Franck Belot  LL **4**  Hugues Miorin   TP **3**  Claude Portolan   HK **2**  Patrick Soula  77'  LP **1**  Christian Califano   **Substitutions:**  HK **16**  Christophe Guiter  77'  PR **17**  Patrick Diniz   LK **18**  Jean Joanny   FL **19**  Didier Lacroix  CE **20**  Thomas Castaignède  64'  FB **21**  Ugo Mola  79'  **Coach:**  Guy Novès | FB **15**  Gilles Darlet  RW **14**  Raphaël Saint-André  OC **13**  Fabrice Ribeyrolles  IC **12**  Philippe Saint-André  LW **11**  Fabien Bertrank  FH **10**  Éric Nicol  SH **9**  Marc Pradier  N8 **8**  Christophe Juillet  OF **7**  Jean-Marc Lhermet ()  BF **6**  Arnaud Costes  RL **5**  Jean-Philippe Versailles  LL **4**  Éric Lecomte  TP **3**  Christophe Duchêne  HK **2**  Philippe Marocco  LP **1**  Emmanuel Menieu  **Substitutions:**  HK **16**  Olivier Mallaret  LK **17**  Raphaël Chamelot  FL **18**  Ghislain Couchard  SH **19**  Patrick Ladouce  FH **20**  Laurent Romeu  WG **21**  Gaëtan Héry  **Coach:**  Patrick Boucheix |
| --- | --- |

## Bibliografia

* *Un siècle de rugby* (in French) (13 ed.). Calmann-Lévy. 17 November 2010. ISBN 978-2-7021-4118-2. siècle.

## InfoBox

| French Rugby Championship 1993–94 | |
| --- | --- |
| Countries | France |
| Number of teams | 32 teams |
| Champions | Toulouse |
| Runners-up | Montferrand |
| Relegated | Mont de Marsan, Lourdes,
Beziers, LOU |
|  | |


abstract: The 1952–53 Drexel Dragons men's basketball team represented Drexel Institute of Technology during the 1952–53 men's basketball season. The Dragons, led by 1st year head coach Samuel Cozen, played their 6 of their home games at Sayre High School, and the other 3 at Curtis Hall Gym, and were members of the Southern division of the Middle Atlantic Conferences (MAC).

text:
# 1952–53 Drexel Dragons men's basketball team

The **1952–53 Drexel Dragons men's basketball team** represented Drexel Institute of Technology during the 1952–53 men's basketball season. The Dragons, led by 1st year head coach Samuel Cozen, played their 6 of their home games at Sayre High School, and the other 3 at Curtis Hall Gym, and were members of the Southern division of the Middle Atlantic Conferences (MAC).

## Roster

| 1952–53 Drexel Dragons men's basketball team | |
| --- | --- |
| Players | Coaches |
| Pos. # Name Height Weight Year Previous school Hometown  8 Edward Roman 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)     10 Arthur Jones      11 J. Richard Walker      17 Dan Promislo **(C)**      Edward Imparato      Karl Schaeffer 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m)     George Seidel 5 ft 11 in (1.8 m)     Victor Quattrini      Robert Ranonis      Harry Sarajian      Joseph Scafaria      Stanton Woerth      Richard McGarrity      George McGorman      Edwin Neuman | Head coach Assistant coach(es)   ---  Legend* **(C)** Team captain * **(S)** Suspended * **(I)** Ineligible * **(W)** Walk-on  ---  Roster |

## Schedule

| Date
time, TV | Rank# | Opponent# | Result | Record | High points | High rebounds | High assists | Site (attendance)
city, state |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Regular season | | | | | | | | |
| January 3, 1953*
 |  | at Rutgers–Camden | **L** 53–59 | 0–1
 |  |  |  | Gloucester High School
Gloucester, NJ |
| January 7, 1953*
 |  | Philadelphia Textile | **W** 80–50 | 1–1
 |  |  |  | Sayre High School
Philadelphia, PA |
| January 10, 1953
 |  | Delaware | **L** 64–81 | 1–2
(0–1) | 14  Promislo |  |  | Sayre High School
Philadelphia, PA |
| January 14, 1953
 |  | Ursinus | **W** 74–59 | 2–2
(1–1) |  |  |  | Sayre High School
Philadelphia, PA |
| January 17, 1953
 |  | at Pennsylvania Military College | **L** 56–71 | 2–3
(1–2) |  |  |  |
Chester, PA |
| January 19, 1953*
 |  | Philadelphia Pharmacy | **W** 104–83 | 3–3
 | 25  Promislo |  |  | Curtis Hall Gym
Philadelphia, PA |
| January 24, 1953*
 |  | West Chester | **W** 78–60 | 4–3
 | 19  Promislo | 18  Promislo |  | Convention Hall
Philadelphia, PA |
| January 28, 1953*
 |  | Temple | **L** 56–61 | 4–4
 |  |  |  | Sayre High School
Philadelphia, PA |
| January 31, 1953*
 |  | Drexel Alumni | **W** 79–74 |
 |  |  |  | Curtis Hall Gym
Philadelphia, PA |
| February 3, 1953*
 |  | at Franklin & Marshall | **L** 63–82 | 4–5
 | 21  Promislo |  |  |
Lancaster, PA |
| February 7, 1953
 |  | Swarthmore | **W** 71–64 | 5–5
(2–2) | 22  Roman |  |  | Sayre High School
Philadelphia, PA |
| February 11, 1953
 |  | Haverford | **W** 78–57 | 6–5
(3–2) | 20  Promislo |  |  | Sayre High School
Philadelphia, PA |
| February 14, 1953*
 |  | vs. Saint Joseph's | **L** 58–88 | 6–6
 | 15  Roman |  |  | Convention Hall
Philadelphia, PA |
| February 18, 1953
 |  | at Urinus | **W** 62–52 | 7–6
(4–2) | 16  *Tied* |  |  |
 |
| February 21, 1953
 |  | at Delaware | **L** 61–63 | 7–7
(4–3) | 18  Walker |  |  |
Newark, DE |
| February 25, 1953
 |  | at Swarthmore | **W** 71–69 | 8–7
(5–3) |  |  |  |
 |
| February 28, 1953
 |  | at Haverford | **W** 72–62 | 9–7
(6–3) | 27  Walker |  |  | Ryan Gym
Haverford, PA |
| March 4, 1953
 |  | Pennsylvania Military College | **L** 39–69 | 9–8
(6–4) |  |  |  | Saint Joseph's Fieldhouse
Philadelphia, PA |
| *Non-conference game. #Rankings from AP. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses.
All times are in Eastern Time. | | | | | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

| 1952–53 Drexel Dragons men's basketball | |
| --- | --- |
| Conference | Middle Atlantic Conferences |
| Division | Southern |
| Record | 9–8 (6–4 MAC) |
| Head coach | * Samuel Cozen (1st season) |
| Captain | Dan Promislo (1st year) |
| Home arena | Sayre High School,
Curtis Hall Gym |
|


title: 19th Golden Horse Awards

abstract: The 19th Golden Horse Awards (Mandarin:第19屆金馬獎) took place on October 24, 1982, at the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall in Taipei, Taiwan.

text:
# 19th Golden Horse Awards

The **19th Golden Horse Awards** (Mandarin:第19屆金馬獎) took place on October 24, 1982, at the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall in Taipei, Taiwan.

## Winners and nominees

Winners are listed first and highlighted in **boldface**.

## InfoBox

| 19th Golden Horse Awards | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | October 24, 1982 |
| Site | Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall, Taipei, Taiwan |
| Hosted by | Terry Hu and Chiang Kuang-chao |
| Organized by | Taipei Golden Horse Film Festival Executive Committee |
| Highlights | |
| Best Feature Film | *The Battle for the Republic of China* |
| Best Director | Alex Cheung
*Man on the Brink* |
| Best Actor | Eddie Chan
*Man on the Brink* |
| Best Actress | Wang Ping
*Tiger Killer* |
| Most awards | *Tiger Killer* (3)
*Man on the Brink* (3)
*The Battle for the Republic of China* (3) |
| Most nominations | *The Battle for the Republic of China* (8) |
| Television in Taiwan | |
| Channel | CTV |
|


title: Englitazone

abstract: Englitazone is a hypoglycemic agent of thiazolidinedione (glitazone) class.

text:
# Englitazone

**Englitazone** is a hypoglycemic agent of thiazolidinedione (*glitazone*) class.

## InfoBox

Englitazone
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Clinical data | |
| ATC code | * none |
| Identifiers | |
| IUPAC name * 5-\[(2-Benzyl-3,4-dihydro-2*H*-chromen-6-yl)methyl\]-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione | |
| CAS Number |  |
| PubChem CID |  |
| ChemSpider |  |
| UNII |  |
| ChEMBL |  |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |  |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C20H19NO3S |
| Molar mass | 353.44 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) |  |
| SMILES * O=C1NC(=O)SC1Cc4ccc3OC(Cc2ccccc2)CCc3c4 | |


title: 2000 Baia Mare cyanide spill

abstract: The 2000 Baia Mare Cyanide spill was a leak of cyanide near Baia Mare, Romania, into the Someș River by the gold mining company Aurul, a joint-venture of the Australian company Esmeralda Exploration and the Romanian government. The polluted waters eventually reached the Tisza River and then the Danube, killing large numbers of fish in Hungary, Serbia, and Romania. The spill has been called the worst environmental disaster in Europe since the Chernobyl disaster.

text:
# 2000 Baia Mare cyanide spill

The **2000 Baia Mare Cyanide spill** was a leak of cyanide near Baia Mare, Romania, into the Someș River by the gold mining company Aurul, a joint-venture of the Australian company Esmeralda Exploration and the Romanian government.

The polluted waters eventually reached the Tisza River and then the Danube, killing large numbers of fish in Hungary, Serbia, and Romania. The spill has been called the worst environmental disaster in Europe since the Chernobyl disaster.

## Background

Aurul, the mine operator, is a joint venture company formed by the Australian company Esmeralda Exploration and the Romanian government. The company claimed it had the ability to clean up the toxic tailings at the Baia Mare mine, which had begun to be spread as toxic dust by the wind. Promising to deal with them and to extract the remaining gold from them via gold cyanidation, the company shipped its waste product to a dam near Bozânta Mare, Maramureș County.

## Dam failure

On the night of January 30, 2000, a dam holding contaminated waters burst and 100,000 cubic metres (3,500,000 cu ft) of cyanide-contaminated water (containing an estimated 100 metric tons of cyanide) spilled over some farmland and then into the Someș river.

Esmeralda Exploration blamed excessive snowfall for the dam failure.

## Effects

After the spill, the Someș had cyanide concentrations of over 700 times the permitted levels. The Someș flows into the Tisza, Hungary's second largest river, which then flows into the Danube. The spill contaminated the drinking supplies of over 2.5 million Hungarians. In addition to cyanide, heavy metals were also washed into the river and had a long-lasting negative impact on the environment.

Wildlife was particularly affected on the Tisza: on a stretch, virtually all living things were killed, and further south, in the Serbian section, 80% of the aquatic life was killed; 200 tons of it was the fish in these rivers.

Large numbers of fish died from the cyanide spill, affecting 62 species of fish, of which 20 were protected species. The Romanian government claimed that the fish had died of "cold", and that they were not at fault. In Hungary, volunteers participated in removing the dead fish to prevent the disaster from spreading across the food chain, as other animals, such as foxes, otters and ospreys had died after eating contaminated fish.

After the cyanide entered the Danube, the large volume of the river's water diluted the cyanide, but in some sections it still remained as high as 20 to 50 times the maximum permitted concentration.

Two years after the spill, the ecosystem began to recover, but it was still far from its pre-contamination state; the fishermen of Hungary claimed that their catches in 2002 were only at a fifth of the levels in 1999.

## Subsequent spills

Five weeks later, a spill of contaminated waters (this time with heavy metals) hit the region. A dyke burst in Băile Borșa, Maramureș County and 20,000 cubic metres of zinc, lead and copper-contaminated water made its way into the Tisza.

## Reactions

Brett Montgomery, the chairman of the mine operator, Esmeralda, denied responsibility, claiming that the damage of the spill has been "grossly exaggerated" and that the fish died in such numbers because of lack of oxygen due to the freezing of the river.

A spokesman for the company later claimed that media reports from Hungary and Serbia are politically motivated and the fish were killed by spills from industrial plants along the Tisza, due to the dynamite explosions used to break the ice locks on the river or simply due to the raw sewage pumped into the river.

The Hungarian government called the storing of cyanide next to a river madness and argued that the weather was not unprecedented. A European Union report on the disaster blamed the design faults at the mine.

In mid-February 2000, as the spill reached the Romanian section of the Danube, the Romanian government temporarily banned fishing and the use of Danube water for drinking.

## Legacy

Environmental groups, like Friends of the Earth and Greenpeace, argued that the disaster was another reason to ban dangerous mining technologies such as gold mining using the cyanide heap leaching technique.

German metal band Rammstein produced a song about the spill, called "Donaukinder" (Children of the Danube).

Three attempts were made in the Parliament of Romania to ban gold cyanidation in Romania, none of which succeeded.

47°40′00″N 23°35′01″E / 47.66667°N 23.58361°E / 47.66667; 23.58361


abstract: The 1980 United States Olympic trials for track and field were held at Hayward Field in Eugene, Oregon. These were the first such trials organized by the new national governing body for the sport of track and field, The Athletics Congress formed one year earlier as required by the Amateur Sports Act of 1978. Previous trials had been organized by the AAU. The eight-day competition lasted from June 21 until June 29. Unlike any of the previous or subsequent years, the Olympic trials in 1980 did not select representatives to the 1980 Summer Olympics. By this point in the year, President Jimmy Carter had already announced the 1980 Summer Olympics boycott in protest of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and its flagrant human rights violations. This affected the competition. Some athletes did not compete or did not persevere through illness or injury as they might have if Olympic bids were on the line. Subsequently, some athletes, notably Tom Hintnaus and Gary Fanelli, chose to compete for other countries. Others like Franklin Jacobs retired. The only qualifiers to another meet from this meet came from two women's exhibition events, the 400 m hurdles and 5000 meters, who were invited to the 1980 World Championships in Athletics. Many of the top 3 from this meet ran in the alternative to the Olympics, the Liberty Bell Classic, a few weeks later. The trials for the men's and women's marathon were held May 24 in Buffalo, New York, and the trials for the men's 50 km race walk were held May 10 in Niagara Falls, New York.

text:
# 1980 United States Olympic trials (track and field)

The **1980 United States Olympic trials for track and field** were held at Hayward Field in Eugene, Oregon. These were the first such trials organized by the new national governing body for the sport of track and field, The Athletics Congress formed one year earlier as required by the Amateur Sports Act of 1978. Previous trials had been organized by the AAU. The eight-day competition lasted from June 21 until June 29.

Unlike any of the previous or subsequent years, the Olympic trials in 1980 did not select representatives to the 1980 Summer Olympics. By this point in the year, President Jimmy Carter had already announced the 1980 Summer Olympics boycott in protest of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and its flagrant human rights violations. This affected the competition. Some athletes did not compete or did not persevere through illness or injury as they might have if Olympic bids were on the line. Subsequently, some athletes, notably Tom Hintnaus and Gary Fanelli, chose to compete for other countries. Others like Franklin Jacobs retired.

The only qualifiers to another meet from this meet came from two women's exhibition events, the 400 m hurdles and 5000 meters, who were invited to the 1980 World Championships in Athletics. Many of the top 3 from this meet ran in the alternative to the Olympics, the Liberty Bell Classic, a few weeks later.

The trials for the men's and women's marathon were held May 24 in Buffalo, New York, and the trials for the men's 50 km race walk were held May 10 in Niagara Falls, New York.

## Men's results

**Key:**  Athlete without "A" standard, not selected.

### Men track events

| Event | Gold | | Silver | | Bronze | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 100 meters
Wind 0.0 | Stanley Floyd | 10.26 | Harvey Glance | 10.27 | Mel Lattany | 10.30 |
| 200 meters
Wind -1.5 | James Butler | 20.49 | Cliff Wiley | 20.54 | Fred Taylor | 20.70 |
| 400 meters | Bill Green | 45.85 | Willie Smith | 45.97 | Walter McCoy | 46.06 |
| 800 meters | Don Paige | 1:44.53 | James Robinson | 1:45.58 | Randy Wilson | 1:45.82 |
| 1500 meters | Steve Scott | 3.35.15 | Steve Lacy | 3.36.23 | Mike Durkin | 3.38.04 |
| 5000 meters | Matt Centrowitz | 13.30.62 | Dick Buerkle | 13.31.90 | Bill McChesney | 13.34.42 |
| 10,000 meters | Craig Virgin | 27:45.61 | Greg Fredericks | 28.03.14 | Alberto Salazar | 28.10.42 |
| 110 m hurdles
Wind +0.6 | Renaldo Nehemiah | 13.26 | Dedy Cooper | 13.39 | Tonie Campbell | 13.44 |
| 400 m hurdles | Edwin Moses | 47.90 | James Walker | 49.04 | David Lee
Bart Williams | 49.34 |
| 3000 m s'chase | Henry Marsh | 8.15.68 **NR** | Doug Brown | 8.20.60 | John Gregorek | 8.21.32 |
| 20K racewalk | Marco Evoniuk
Jim Heiring | 1:27:12 |  |  | Dan O'Connor | 1:29:05 |
| 50K racewalk | Carl Schueler | 3:59:34 | Marco Evoniuk | 4:00:30 | Dan O'Connor | 4:11:03 |
| Marathon | Tony Sandoval | 2:10:19 | Benji Durden | 2:10:41 | Kyle Heffner | 2:10:55 |

### Men field events

| Event | Gold | | Silver | | Bronze | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| High jump | Benn Fields | 2.26 m (7 ft 4+34 in) | Nat Page | 2.23 m (7 ft 3+34 in) | Jim Howard | 2.23 m (7 ft 3+34 in) |
| Pole vault | Tom Hintnaus | 5.60 m (18 ft 4+14 in) | Dan Ripley | 5.55 m (18 ft 2+12 in) | Mike Tully | 5.55 m (18 ft 2+12 in) |
| Long jump | Larry Myricks | 8.28 m (27 ft 1+34 in) +1.7 | Carl Lewis | 8.01 m (26 ft 3+14 in)w +2.6 | Randy Williams | 7.92 m (25 ft 11+34 in) +1.2 |
| Triple jump | Willie Banks | 16.80 m (55 ft 1+14 in) | Paul Jordan | 16.26 m (53 ft 4 in) | Greg Caldwell | 16.22 m (53 ft 2+12 in) |
| Shot put | Pete Shmock | 20.83 m (68 ft 4 in) | Al Feuerbach | 20.82 m (68 ft 3+12 in) | Colin Anderson | 20.73 m (68 ft 0 in) |
| Discus throw | Mac Wilkins | 68.68 m (225 ft 3 in) | John Powell | 68.00 m (223 ft 1 in) | Ben Plucknett | 66.50 m (218 ft 2 in) |
| Hammer throw | Andy Bessette | 70.98 m (232 ft 10 in) | John McArdle | 70.38 m (230 ft 10 in) | Boris Djerassi | 70.30 m (230 ft 7 in) |
| Javelin throw | Rod Ewaliko | 88.70 m (291 ft 0 in) | Bruce Kennedy | 83.64 m (274 ft 4 in) | Duncan Atwood | 82.68 m (271 ft 3 in) |
| Decathlon | Bob Coffman | 8184 | Lee Palles | 8159 | Fred Dixon | 8154 |

#### Notes

**a**

## Women's results

### Women track events

| Event | Gold | | Silver | | Bronze | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 100 meters
Wind -0.5 | Alice Brown | 11.32 | Brenda Morehead | 11.43 | Chandra Cheeseborough | 11.45 |
| 200 meters
Wind +2.4 | Chandra Cheeseborough | 22.70w | Karen Hawkins | 23.04w | Pam Greene | 23.21w |
| 400 meters | Sherri Howard | 51.48 | Gwen Gardner | 51.68 | Denean Howard | 51.70 |
| 800 meters | Madeline Manning | 1:58.30 | Julie Brown | 2:00.96 | Robin Campbell | 2:01.23 |
| 1500 meters | Mary Decker | 4:04.91 | Julie Brown | 4:07.13 | Leann Warren | 4:15.16 |
| *5000 meters* | Julie Shea | 15:44.12 | Mary Shea | 16:07.50 | Brenda Webb |  |
| *10,000 meters* | Kris Bankes | 33:45.6 |
| 100 m hurdles
Wind -0.1 | Stephanie Hightower | 12.90 | Benita Fitzgerald | 13.11 | Candy Young | 13.30 |
| *400 m hurdles* | Esther Mahr | 57.46 | Kim Whitehead | 58.56 | Debra Melrose |  |

### Women field events

| Event | Gold | | Silver | | Bronze | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| High jump | Louise Ritter | 1.86 m (6 ft 1 in) | Paula Girven | 1.86 m (6 ft 1 in) | Pam Spencer | 1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) |
| Long jump | Jodi Anderson | 7.00 m (22 ft 11+12 in) | Kathy McMillan | 6.76 m (22 ft 2 in) | Carol Lewis | 6.56 m (21 ft 6+14 in)w |
| Shot put | Maren Seidler | 17.92 m (58 ft 9+12 in) | Ann Turbyne | 17.27 m (56 ft 7+34 in) | Lorna Griffin | 15.89 m (52 ft 1+12 in) |
| Discus throw | Lorna Griffin | 60.20 m (197 ft 6 in) | Lynne Winbigler | 56.36 m (184 ft 10 in) | Lisa Vogelsang | 53.84 m (176 ft 7 in) |
| Javelin throw | Karin Smith | 58.52 m (191 ft 11 in) | Kate Schmidt | 57.22 m (187 ft 8 in) | Mary Osborne | 56.46 m (185 ft 2 in) |
| Heptathlon | Jodi Anderson | 4697m/4651a | Marilyn King | 4199m | Linda Waltman | 4191m/4187a |

## InfoBox

| 1980 United States Olympic track and field trials | |
| --- | --- |
| Dates | June 21–29 |
| Host city | Eugene, Oregon, United States |
| Venue | Hayward Field |
|  | |
| Level | Senior |
| Type | Outdoor |
| 1976 1984 | |


title: Elachista planca

abstract: Elachista planca is a moth of the family Elachistidae that is endemic to Kenya. The wingspan is about 9.6 mm (0.38 in).

text:
# Elachista planca

***Elachista planca*** is a moth of the family Elachistidae that is endemic to Kenya.

The wingspan is about 9.6 mm (0.38 in).

## InfoBox

| *Elachista planca* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Elachistidae |
| Genus: | *Elachista* |
| Species: | ***E. planca*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Elachista planca***<br>Sruoga & De Prins, 2009 | |
|


title: Epimenides (crater)

abstract: Epimenides is a lunar impact crater that is located in the southwestern part of the Moon's near side, just to the east of the oddly shaped crater Hainzel. Just to the north and northeast is Lacus Timoris, a small lunar mare. The crater is 27 kilometers in diameter and 2,000 meters deep. It may be from the Pre-Nectarian period, 4.55 to 3.92 billion years ago. The outer rim of this crater is roughly circular, but uneven due to the irregular terrain in which it is located. The southern edge is distended where a smaller formation has overlapped the side. The interior floor is relatively level and featureless. About five kilometers southeast from the crater's southern edge is the satellite crater Epimenides S, which is almost the same size as the main crater and is nearly circular, except for a craterlet making an indentation in its eastern side. The crater is named for the 6th-century BC Cretan poet and prophet Epimenides.

text:
# Epimenides (crater)

**Epimenides** is a lunar impact crater that is located in the southwestern part of the Moon's near side, just to the east of the oddly shaped crater Hainzel. Just to the north and northeast is Lacus Timoris, a small lunar mare. The crater is 27 kilometers in diameter and 2,000 meters deep. It may be from the Pre-Nectarian period, 4.55 to 3.92 billion years ago.

The outer rim of this crater is roughly circular, but uneven due to the irregular terrain in which it is located. The southern edge is distended where a smaller formation has overlapped the side. The interior floor is relatively level and featureless. About five kilometers southeast from the crater's southern edge is the satellite crater Epimenides S, which is almost the same size as the main crater and is nearly circular, except for a craterlet making an indentation in its eastern side.

The crater is named for the 6th-century BC Cretan poet and prophet Epimenides.

## Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Epimenides.

| Epimenides | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| A | 43.2° S | 30.1° W | 15 km |
| B | 41.6° S | 28.8° W | 10 km |
| C | 42.3° S | 27.5° W | 4 km |
| S | 41.6° S | 29.3° W | 26 km |

## InfoBox

Epimenides
| Lunar Orbiter 4 image, with Epimenides at top and Epimenides S at bottom | |
| --- | --- |
| Coordinates | 40°54′S 30°12′W / 40.9°S 30.2°W / -40.9; -30.2 |
| Diameter | 27 km |
| Depth | 2.0 km |
| Colongitude | 30° at sunrise |
| Eponym | Epimenides |


# 1956 Italian Somaliland parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Italian Trust Territory of Somaliland in February 1956. The result was a victory for the Somali Youth League (SYL), which won 43 of the 60 elected seats in the Territorial Council.

## Electoral system

The Territorial Council had a total of 70 seats, of which 60 were elected in 25 constituencies ranging in size from one to five seats. The other ten seats were reserved for minority groups; four for Italians, four for Arabs, one for Indians and one for Pakistanis. Only men over the age of 21 were allowed to vote, whilst candidates had to be at least 30, literate in both Arabic and Roman alphabets, and have been resident in Somalia for at least a year prior to the elections.

The elections were direct in towns and municipalities, but indirect in rural areas, where members were elected by 613 "shirs" (open councils) between November 1955 and January 1956. The electoral laws were not applied entirely to the shirs, where voters could be as young as 15.

## Results

| Party | | Votes | % | Seats |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Somali Youth League | 333,820 | 54.29 | 43 |
|  | Hizbia Digil and Mirifle | 159,967 | 26.01 | 13 |
|  | Somali Democratic Movement | 80,866 | 13.15 | 3 |
|  | Somali National Union | 21,630 | 3.52 | 0 |
|  | Marehan Union | 11,358 | 1.85 | 1 |
|  | Afgoi-Audegle | 3,441 | 0.56 | 0 |
|  | Somali Hawiya Youth Union | 1,846 | 0.30 | 0 |
|  | Six Shidle | 1,550 | 0.25 | 0 |
|  | Somali Bagiuni Fichirini | 426 | 0.07 | 0 |
| Reserved seats | |  | | 10 |
| Total | | 614,904 | 100.00 | 70 |
|  | | | | |
| Source: Furtado | | | | |


title: 1972 Segunda División de Chile

abstract: The 1972 Segunda División de Chile was the 21st season of the Segunda División de Chile. Palestino was the tournament's champion.

text:
# 1972 Segunda División de Chile

The **1972 Segunda División de Chile** was the 21st season of the Segunda División de Chile.

Palestino was the tournament's champion.

## Table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Palestino (C) | 39 | 20 | 11 | 8 | 61 | 45 | +16 | 51 | Champions. Promoted. |
| 2 | Ferroviarios | 39 | 18 | 12 | 9 | 78 | 53 | +25 | 48 |  |
| 3 | Ñublense | 39 | 16 | 14 | 9 | 49 | 40 | +9 | | 46 |
| 4 | Santiago Morning | 39 | 13 | 16 | 10 | 65 | 55 | +10 | | 42 |
| 5 | Deportes Ovalle | 39 | 16 | 9 | 14 | 52 | 45 | +7 | | 41 |
| 6 | San Antonio Unido | 39 | 12 | 15 | 12 | 57 | 51 | +6 | | 39 |
| 7 | Audax Italiano | 39 | 8 | 22 | 9 | 50 | 45 | +5 | | 38 |
| 8 | Aviación | 39 | 12 | 14 | 13 | 57 | 58 | 1 | | 38 |
| 9 | Deportes Colchagua | 39 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 53 | 58 | 5 | | 37 |
| 10 | Lister Rossel | 39 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 62 | 66 | 4 | | 35 |
| 11 | Coquimbo Unido | 39 | 9 | 17 | 13 | 45 | 57 | 12 | | 35 |
| 12 | Independiente de Cauquenes | 39 | 9 | 15 | 15 | 44 | 57 | 13 | | 33 |
| 13 | San Luis de Quillota | 39 | 12 | 9 | 18 | 50 | 71 | 21 | | 33 |
| 14 | Iberia | 39 | 8 | 14 | 17 | 37 | 59 | 22 | | 30 |

Source: rsssf.com
(C) Champions

## InfoBox

Segunda División
| Season | 1972 |
| --- | --- |
| Champions | Palestino |
| Promoted | Palestino |
| Relegated | None |
| 1971 1973 | |


title: Aspergillus anthodesmis

abstract: Aspergillus anthodesmis is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Sparsi section. The species was first described in 1979. It has been reported to produce gregatins.

text:
# Aspergillus anthodesmis

***Aspergillus anthodesmis*** is a species of fungus in the genus *Aspergillus*. It is from the *Sparsi* section. The species was first described in 1979. It has been reported to produce gregatins.

## Growth and morphology

*A. anthodesmis* has been cultivated on both Czapek yeast extract agar (CYA) plates and Malt Extract Agar Oxoid® (MEAOX) plates. The growth morphology of the colonies can be seen in the pictures below.

## InfoBox

| *Aspergillus anthodesmis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Eurotiomycetes |
| Order: | Eurotiales |
| Family: | Aspergillaceae |
| Genus: | *Aspergillus* |
| Species: | ***A. anthodesmis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Aspergillus anthodesmis***<br>Bartoli & Maggi (1979) | |
|


title: 2000 B.C. (Before Can-I-Bus)

abstract: 2000 B.C. is the second studio album by American rapper Canibus, released on July 18, 2000, through Universal Records. Considered to have been a significant improvement over his debut album, Can-I-Bus, 2000 B.C. featured multiple record producers and greater differentiation. On the title track, Canibus blames the commercial failure of his first album on the bland beats by Wyclef Jean whom he severed ties with to team up with various producers, ranging from Ty Fyffe to Irv Gotti. Allegedly, rapper Eminem was to be featured on the track "Phuk U", but turned down the offer.

text:
# 2000 B.C. (Before Can-I-Bus)

***2000 B.C. (Before Can-I-Bus)*** is the second studio album by American rapper Canibus, released on July 18, 2000, through Universal Records.

Considered to have been a significant improvement over his debut album, *Can-I-Bus*, *2000 B.C.* featured multiple record producers and greater differentiation. On the title track, Canibus blames the commercial failure of his first album on the bland beats by Wyclef Jean whom he severed ties with to team up with various producers, ranging from Ty Fyffe to Irv Gotti. Allegedly, rapper Eminem was to be featured on the track "Phuk U", but turned down the offer.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings
| Aggregate scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 60/100 |
| Review scores | |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| *Entertainment Weekly* | D |
| *NME* | 6/10 |
| *RapReviews* | 8/10 |
| *Rolling Stone* |  |
| SonicNet | 2/5 |
| *Spin* | 8/10 |
| Wall of Sound | 71/100 |

*2000 B.C.* received mixed reviews from music critics, calling it an improvement over his debut album but still found problems with Canibus' lack of engaging topics, monotonous flow and subpar production. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized score out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 60, based on 9 reviews.

Steve 'Flash' Juon of *RapReviews* praised the album's production for its bass-heavy underground approach and Canibus' lyrics for containing more vile and vitriol than his debut's pop rap content, saying that, "As a whole this sophomore album is easily as good or better than the first, but whether this will satisfy the people who've already written off Canibus is still anyone's guess." Nathan Rabin of *The A.V. Club*, despite finding the production uneven, the featured guests lacking lyrically and the use of a song structure missing, praised Canibus for lacing the songs by amplifying his battle-rapping style with imaginative content, saying that he "invests his rhymes with such dark humor, vivid imagery, and controlled passion that his lack of thematic ambition is forgivable". Wall of Sound's Jackie McCarthy praised the production for being subtle and using samples sparingly and Canibus' lyrical content, concluding that, "If *2000 B.C.* is Canibus' attempt to rewrite his own musical history, erasing his missteps with LL Cool J and Wyclef, it'll be interesting to see who his next target will be."

Matt Conaway of AllMusic was mixed about the album, praising Canibus' delivery and battle rhymes for being attention-grabbing to the ears, but felt indifferent to the drum tracks conducted by the new producers, concluding that his "vast potential remains largely unrealized thanks to bland production". *NME* also commented on the production, saying that outside "The C-Quel" and the title track, it feels monotonous afterwards, saying that, "There's just not enough concepts or ideas on show - every song is a fist-fight to the death." Tony Green of *Rolling Stone* praised the album's first half for being able to match the production with Canibus' angry-filled lyrics but felt that the aggression depletes later on, concluding that, "Still, *2000* is a cut above his debut, making it the kind of second chance that you don't often get in the music biz."

Christopher O'Connor of SonicNet felt that the album was wasted potential and only exhibited inner male rage, concluding that, "It's ironic that for all of his intelligence, passion and obvious talent, Canibus chose to stoop to the caveman mentality so apparent on this release. 2000 B.C., indeed." Craig Seymour, writing for *Entertainment Weekly*, criticized Canibus for crafting the album with anger-filled tracks and should utilize his talents to make better songs. Jon Caramanica from *Vibe* said that despite the album having the appropriate production, Canibus still spits disses like he's going to war and will continue doing so with bloody hands, concluding that, "It's a hollow victory if there ever was one."

## Track listing

| # | Title | Producer(s) | Featured guest(s) | Time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | "The C-Quel" |  |  | 3:36 |
| 2 | "2000 B.C. (Before Can-I-Bus)" |  |  | 3:31 |
| 3 | "Life Liquid" | JuJu | Journalist | 4:24 |
| 4 | "Shock Therapy" (interlude) |  |  | 1:10 |
| 5 | "Watch Who U Beef Wit" | Chaos |  | 4:30 |
| 6 | "I'll Buss 'Em U Punish 'Em" |  | Rakim | 4:07 |
| 7 | "Mic-Nificent" | Daniel "Danny P" Pierre |  | 3:13 |
| 8 | "Die Slow" | Ty Fyffe | Journalist | 4:00 |
| 9 | "Doomsday News" | Chaos |  | 3:33 |
| 10 | "Lost @ "C"" |  |  | 4:59 |
| 11 | "Phuk U" | Mike "Punch" Harper |  | 4:04 |
| 12 | "Horsemen" |  | Pharoahe Monch | 1:22 |
| 13 | "Horsementality" | Chaos | The HRSMN | 5:59 |
| 14 | "100 Bars" | Mike "Punch" Harper |  | 4:58 |
| 15 | "Chaos" | Chaos |  | 2:29 |

**Sample credits**

## Personnel

Credits for *2000 B.C.* adapted from AllMusic.

## Charts

### Album

| Charts (2000) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US *Billboard* 200 | 23 |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (*Billboard*) | 6 |

### Singles

**Mic-Nificent**

| Chart (2000) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Hot Rap Singles (*Billboard*) | 23 |

## InfoBox

| 2000 B.C. (Before Can-I-Bus) | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Canibus | |
| Released | July 18, 2000 |
| Recorded | 1999–2000 |
| Genre | Hip hop |
| Length | 55:51 |
| Label | Universal |
| Producer |  |
| Canibus chronology | |
| *Can-I-Bus*
(1998) ***2000 B.C. (Before Can-I-Bus)***
(2000) *C! True Hollywood Stories*
(2001) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *2000 B.C. (Before Can-I-Bus)* | |
| 1. "2000 B.C."
Released: 1999 2. "Mic-Nificent"
Released: 2000 3. "Life Liquid"
Released: 2000 4. "Watch Who U Beef Wit"
Released: 2000 | |
|  | |


title: Eva Adamová

abstract: Eva Adamová is a retired Czech volleyball player. She was part of the Czech Republic women's national volleyball team. She participated in the 1994 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship. On club level she played with Alea Brno.

text:
# Eva Adamová

**Eva Adamová** (born 6 April 1969) is a retired Czech volleyball player. She was part of the Czech Republic women's national volleyball team.

She participated in the 1994 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship. On club level she played with Alea Brno.

## Clubs

1. "Volejbalová *Eša*: z Brna do kraje mušketýrů". *Brněnský deník* (in Czech). 7 April 2012. Retrieved 1 April 2017.
2. "Women Volleyball XIII World Championship 1994 - Teams Composition. - Czech Republic". *todor66.com*. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 29 November 2015.

## InfoBox

| Eva Adamová | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Nationality | Czech |
| Born | (1969-04-06) 6 April 1969 |
| Height | 174 cm (5 ft 9 in) |
| Volleyball information | |
| Number | 5 (national team) |
| Career | |
| Years Teams  1994 Alea Brno | |
| National team | |
| 1994  Czech Republic | |


title: Elachista planicara

abstract: Elachista planicara is a moth in the family Elachistidae. It was described by Lauri Kaila in 1998. It is found in Japan and the Russian Far East (Kuriles). The length of the forewings is 4–5.2 mm for males and 4–5 mm for females. The autumn mine is wavy-linear. After hibernation, the mine becomes a blotch. Larvae can be found from late September to May.

text:
# Elachista planicara

***Elachista planicara*** is a moth in the family Elachistidae. It was described by Lauri Kaila in 1998. It is found in Japan (Hokkaidô, Honsyû, Sikoku, Kyûsyû) and the Russian Far East (Kuriles).

The length of the forewings is 4–5.2 mm for males and 4–5 mm for females. The autumn mine is wavy-linear. After hibernation, the mine becomes a blotch. Larvae can be found from late September to May.

## InfoBox

| *Elachista planicara* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Elachistidae |
| Genus: | *Elachista* |
| Species: | ***E. planicara*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Elachista planicara***<br>Kaila, 1998 | |
|


title: Epimelitta scoparia

abstract: Epimelitta scoparia is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Johann Christoph Friedrich Klug in 1825.

text:
# Epimelitta scoparia

***Epimelitta scoparia*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Johann Christoph Friedrich Klug in 1825.

## InfoBox

| *Epimelitta scoparia* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Epimelitta* |
| Species: | ***E. scoparia*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Epimelitta scoparia***<br>(Klug, 1825) | |
|


title: Asiago cheese

abstract: Asiago is a cow's milk cheese, first produced in Asiago in Italy, that can assume different textures according to its aging, from smooth for the fresh Asiago to a crumbly texture for the aged cheese. The aged cheese is often grated in salads, soups, pastas, and sauces while the fresh Asiago is sliced to prepare panini or sandwiches; it can also be melted on a variety of dishes and cantaloupe. It is classified as a Swiss-type or Alpine cheese. Asiago is produced in multiple countries around the world including Italy, the U.S. and Australia. In Italy, Asiago has a protected designation of origin, as Asiago was originally produced around the alpine area of the Asiago plateau, in the regions of Veneto and Trentino-Alto Adige. Asiago cheese is one of the most typical products of the Veneto region. It was, and still is, the most popular cheese in the DOP area where it is produced. The DOP production area is strictly defined: It starts from the meadows of the Po Valley and finishes in the Alpine pastures between the Asiago plateau and the Trentino's highlands. The DOP designated area where the milk is collected and Asiago DOP cheese is produced extends to four provinces in the north-east of Italy: the entire area of Vicenza and Trento and part of the provinces of Padua and Treviso. Asiago cheese which is produced and matured in dairies located more than 600 m (2,000 ft) above sea level, using milk from farms also more than 600 m (2,000 ft) above sea level, is entitled to the additional label "Product of the Mountains". Over time, production of asiago was initiated in other countries as well, particularly those with a history of notable immigration from Italy. As such, production of the cheese has spread around the globe and the term "asiago" describes a style of cheese that can be produced anywhere.

text:
# Asiago cheese

**Asiago** (UK: /ˌæsiˈɑːɡ, ˌæzi-/ *ASS-ee-AH-goh, AZ-*, US: /ˌɑːsi-, ˌɑːʒi-, ˌɑːʃi-/ *AH-s(h)ee-, AH-zhee-*, Italian: \[aˈzjaːɡo\]) is a cow's milk cheese, first produced in Asiago in Italy, that can assume different textures according to its aging, from smooth for the fresh Asiago (called *Asiago pressato*, which means "pressed Asiago") to a crumbly texture for the aged cheese (*Asiago d'allevo*, which means "breeding farm Asiago"). The aged cheese is often grated in salads, soups, pastas, and sauces while the fresh Asiago is sliced to prepare *panini* or sandwiches; it can also be melted on a variety of dishes and cantaloupe. It is classified as a Swiss-type or Alpine cheese.

Asiago is produced in multiple countries around the world including Italy, the U.S. and Australia.

In Italy, Asiago has a protected designation of origin (*denominazione di origine protetta* or DOP, see below), as Asiago was originally produced around the alpine area of the Asiago plateau, in the regions of Veneto and Trentino-Alto Adige. Asiago cheese is one of the most typical products of the Veneto region. It was, and still is, the most popular cheese in the DOP area where it is produced. The DOP production area is strictly defined: It starts from the meadows of the Po Valley and finishes in the Alpine pastures between the Asiago plateau and the Trentino's highlands. The DOP designated area where the milk is collected and Asiago DOP cheese is produced extends to four provinces in the north-east of Italy: the entire area of Vicenza and Trento and part of the provinces of Padua and Treviso. Asiago cheese which is produced and matured in dairies located more than 600 m (2,000 ft) above sea level, using milk from farms also more than 600 m (2,000 ft) above sea level, is entitled to the additional label "Product of the Mountains".

Over time, production of asiago was initiated in other countries as well, particularly those with a history of notable immigration from Italy. As such, production of the cheese has spread around the globe and the term "asiago" describes a style of cheese that can be produced anywhere.

## History

Between the 10th and 15th centuries, sheep raising was the predominant agricultural activity in the Asiago plateau – which was known for its pastures – the purpose of which was the production of savory cheeses (originally called "Pegorin"), and wool production, destined for the textile works of the near valley (Valdagno, Schio, Piovene Rocchette). In the 1700s Asiago production was expanded to surrounding areas; by the 18th and 19th centuries during long maturation Asiago d'Allevo was produced. It wasn't until the early 1900s that the shorter maturation Asiago Pressato was produced.

Bartolomeo Platina wrote "goat's milk is excellent, ewe's milk is next, with cow's milk is in third place".

Asiago was introduced into the United States by Italian immigrants in the 1920s and became well known in the late 20th and early 21st centuries for its use in shredded cheese blends and as a topping on the eponymous "asiago bagel".

## Varieties and production

### Pressed Asiago

This type is produced by using fresh whole milk. The first step is heating milk at 35 °C (95 °F). Specific enzymes, like rennet and lipase, are then added as liquid solution and the milk starts to coagulate. The curd is kneaded and partially cooked. The curd is broken into many little pieces (of the size of a nut), whereupon the curd is cooked again at approximately 45 °C (113 °F). Later, this mixture is poured into molds with perforated walls; afterwards there is a first dry salting and then the mold is squeezed with a press, usually hydraulic, for about four hours. Then the rounds are wrapped laterally with plastic bands (which put the brand Asiago around the entire form) and are placed in a room called "Frescura" for two to three days to dry. At this point the bands are removed to allow one last curing by a bath in brine for a period of two days. Then the forms are allowed to rest in a dry environment for a period ranging from 20 to 40 days. The finished cheese has a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 30–40 cm (12–16 in) and height about 15 cm (5.9 in). The average weight of a wheel is 11–15 kg (24–33 lb). The rind is thin and elastic; the paste inside is soft, buttery, white or slightly yellowish.

### Asiago d'Allevo

This type is produced by using a mixture of whole milk and skimmed milk. First the raw milk is heated to about 35 °C (95 °F) and rennet and enzymes are added as a liquid solution to make it coagulate. The batter obtained is then kneaded and partially cooked; the curd is broken into many small parts (of the size of a grain of rice). At this stage there are two other firings: to 40 and 47 °C (104 and 117 °F). The paste is removed from the heat and stirred with a large whisk, then the curd is extracted and placed into molds lined with cheese cloth for forming. It is divided up and left to rest for a couple of hours on a draining table and then the cheese is turned several times. Next, in the pre-salting stage, the last whey is removed and the DOP logo is impressed onto the side. This process takes a couple of days (at least 48 hours) and during this time the wheels are turned several times. The cheese is then salted in one of two ways, either by spreading salt over the surface of the cheese or by soaking it in brine. The last step is the ageing process, which lasts at least 60 days and must take place within the area of origin, and is done in warehouses where the storage temperature and relative humidity are meticulously controlled (optimal values are 10–15 °C (50–59 °F) and 80-85%).

According to the duration of ageing, Asiago d'Allevo is classified as follows:

* *Asiago Mezzano* (middle Asiago): 4 to 6 months of aging; compact paste, straw-colored and sweetish taste.
* *Asiago Vecchio* (old Asiago): 10 to 16 months of aging; hard paste, straw-colored and bitter taste.
* *Asiago Stravecchio* (very old Asiago): more than 15 or more months of aging; very hard and grainy paste, amber-colored with a bitter and spicy taste.

### Protected designation of origin

Within the EU, Asiago cheese is an Italian D.O.P. product (Denominazione di Origine Protetta), equivalent to a Protected Designation of Origin (PDO). This simply means that the product can be considered as "authentic" by European law if and only if it is produced in its specific origin area, and according to a specific regime, known as the *Disciplinare di produzione*. The EU law does not apply outside the European Union. Previously it had enjoyed protected status in a number of European countries with which Italy had bilateral agreements under the *Denominazione d’Origine* awarded by the presidential decree of 21 December 1978 and subsequently modified by the prime-ministerial decree of 3 August 1993 and by the ministerial decree of 6 June 1995, under which the current *Disciplinare* came into force.

### Generic nature of Asiago

The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office has ruled clearly and repeatedly that asiago is a generic term, citing widespread use of the term by multiple companies to describe a type of cheese, not a unique product produced solely in Italy. In 2019, the Consorzio Tutela Formaggio Asiago abandoned efforts to trademark "asiago" in the United States following the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office's rejection of a trademark application on the grounds that "asiago" is a generic term. Similar efforts to trademark the term "asiago" have been struck down by IP Australia in 2018.

## InfoBox

| Asiago | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Other names | Asiago pressato, Asiago d'allevo |
| Country of origin | Italy |
| Region |  |
| Town | Asiago |
| Source of milk | Cows |
| Pasteurized | No |
| Texture | Medium-soft to hard, depending on age |
| Certification | PDO 1996 |
| Related media on Commons | |


title: Anna E. Hall

abstract: Anna E. Hall was an African American Methodist deaconess and missionary based in Bainbridge, Georgia. She traveled across the South to complete her missionary training for 10 years after her time at Clark Atlanta University. Her most recognized missionary work was her travels to Monrovia, Liberia located in West Africa where she taught the Kru people. She also had a long history of missionary work at the Julia A. Stewart Memorial Girls Home and School, Garraway Mission where she became an influential figure over a period of twenty four years.

text:
# Anna E. Hall

**Anna E. Hall** (March 1, 1870 – March 6, 1964) was an African American Methodist deaconess and missionary based in Bainbridge, Georgia. She traveled across the South to complete her missionary training for 10 years after her time at Clark Atlanta University. Her most recognized missionary work was her travels to Monrovia, Liberia located in West Africa where she taught the Kru people. She also had a long history of missionary work at the Julia A. Stewart Memorial Girls Home and School, Garraway Mission where she became an influential figure over a period of twenty four years.

## Early years

Hall was born in Bainbridge, Georgia, to small-town seamstress Sarah Sutton. She had a brother three years younger than her named Willie Smith who died on April 30, 1897, at age 25. Her father was a deacon at a local Baptist church. Her parents were separated. Anna wanted to complete missionary work while she attended Clark College, which is now known as Clark Atlanta University. However, due to lack of special training, family responsibility and financial issues she was not able to dive into her work until after she completed her studies and graduated from the university on May 12, 1892. Immediately after graduation she began teaching school in Ormund, Florida, for one year. Afterwards, she returned to Jesup, Georgia, to be principal of the Jesup School for four years. During her last administrative year her mother died in 1897.

## Missionary training

Anna still sought out to be a missionary and with the generosity of influential people in her life she was able to attend the New England Deaconess Training School in Boston, Massachusetts, from 1899 until her graduation on May 12, 1901. She became the first negro to attend the institution. Anna soon after expressed a desire in starting her missionary work in Africa but decided to stay in Atlanta, Georgia. She was appointed to do deaconess work at the Lloyd Street Methodist Church, which is now the Central United Methodist Church, from 1901 to 1906.

## Monrovia, Liberia

Anna finally got the chance to seek out on her journey when she moved to Monrovia, Liberia in December 1906. She was first appointed to teach the Kru people or the Kroo people who are a West African ethnic group known for their outstanding skills in navigating and sailing along the Atlantic. She edited a small booklet in the Kroo dialect containing the Lord's Prayer, Apostles' Creed, the Doxology, the Ten Commandments and 24 of the most familiar Christian hymns. Her 300 plus conversions were all received in the church by the bishop, the president of the College of West Africa and the American Consul.

## Garraway Mission

In her second year Miss Hall was appointed to the southern part of the Republic, Garraway, to be the successor of the director of the Julia A. Stewart Memorial Girls' Home and School. Miss Agnes McAllister, the caucasian director, died from African fever and Miss Hall was appointed to replace her and she did just that for the next 24 years of her career. She became a pillar to the community and served as a teacher, dentist, farmer, doctor and so much more to the people of Garraway. Although she was very well known by high church officials, college presidents, presidents and heads of state, Anna, lived a very humble lifestyle.

## Later years

After her 24 years of service Anna decided to retire from her missionary work in Garraway. She had hoped to write a book on her experiences and excursions but unfortunately the book never materialized. On November 1, 1931, she returned home to Atlanta, Georgia to find that her father had died October 22, 1931. Many changes had occurred in American culture since she had been gone but she remained in her normal and classic missionary attire. Once she settled in she returned to her original home Central Methodist Church. Anna still fulfilled her civic and welfare work by visiting local hospitals and prisons to be an aid to those in need. She then gained the name "Mama Hall" in the Atlanta Community.

## Honors and certificates

On October 14, 1951, the Methodist Church gave Miss Hall her local preachers license. In 1952 a new church was dedicated to her in Garraway, Liberia and was named The Anna E. Hall Methodist Church. In 1954, the construction of the Gammon Theological Seminary was built on the old south Atlanta campus for young ministers and their families. The apartments were named the Anna E. Hall apartments and were the first living quarters dedicated to Negro theological education. In 1955, Miss Hall received a personal invitation from the Government of Liberia to be a part of the Inauguration of President-elect William V. S. Tubman and Vice-president elect William R. Tolbert on January 1–9, 1956. On January 4, 1956, Anna was knighted and received a citation from the Republic of Liberia's Department of State in admiration and appreciation of her magnificent service in their community. She also visited surrounding schools, churches and small groups which held many of the people she helped during the Garraway Mission from January 23–30, 1956.

## Death

Miss Anna E. Hall died on March 6, 1964, at age 94 in Atlanta, Georgia. A memorial window was purchased for her by Atlantans and others who knew her at the Crystal Cathedral in Garden Grove, California.

* "Anna E. Hall Collection". *RADAR*. Atlanta University Center Robert W. Woodruff Library. \- Digital collection of photographs and scrapbooks from Hall's life.

## InfoBox

| Anna E Hall | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1870-03-01)March 1, 1870
Bainbridge, Georgia, U.S. |
| Died | March 6, 1964(1964-03-06) (aged 94)
Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. |
| Occupation(s) | Missionary, Deaconess |
| Parent | Sarah Sutton (mother) |
| Relatives | Willie Smith (brother) |


abstract: The Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH) is a learned society dedicated to the study and appreciation of African-American History. The association was founded in Chicago on September 9, 1915, during the National Half Century Exposition and Lincoln Jubilee, as the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History (ASNLH) by Carter G. Woodson, William B. Hartgrove, George Cleveland Hall, Alexander L. Jackson, and James E. Stamps, and incorporated in Washington, D.C., on October 2, 1915. The association is based in Washington, D.C. In 1973, ASNLH was renamed the Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History. ASALH's official mission is "to promote, research, preserve, interpret, and disseminate information about Black life, history, and culture to the global community." Its official vision is "to be the premier Black Heritage and learned society with a diverse and inclusive membership supported by a strong network of national and international branches to continue the Woodson legacy." ASALH created Negro History Week in 1926. Woodson selected the week to coincide with the birthdays of Frederick Douglass and Abraham Lincoln. Each year, he established a national theme for the celebration. Since 1976, ASALH extended the celebration for all of February. The organization publishes The Journal of African American History and the Black History Bulletin. In 2005, ASALH established the ASALH Press, reissuing Carter G. Woodson's Mis-Education of the Negro. The same year ASALH established The Woodson Review, a magazine that promotes its Annual Black History Theme, including it as part of its Black History Kit. In 2005, ASALH discovered a previously unpublished manuscript by its founder, Carter G. Woodson, and published it in a special edition as Carter G. Woodson's Appeal: The Lost Manuscript Edition. ASALH is a membership organization with more than 25 branches.

text:
# Association for the Study of African American Life and History

The **Association for the Study of African American Life and History** (**ASALH**) is a learned society dedicated to the study and appreciation of African-American History. The association was founded in Chicago on September 9, 1915, during the National Half Century Exposition and Lincoln Jubilee, as the **Association for the Study of Negro Life and History** (ASNLH) by Carter G. Woodson, William B. Hartgrove, George Cleveland Hall, Alexander L. Jackson, and James E. Stamps, and incorporated in Washington, D.C., on October 2, 1915. The association is based in Washington, D.C. In 1973, ASNLH was renamed the **Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History**.

ASALH's official mission is "to promote, research, preserve, interpret, and disseminate information about Black life, history, and culture to the global community." Its official vision is "to be the premier Black Heritage and learned society with a diverse and inclusive membership supported by a strong network of national and international branches to continue the Woodson legacy."

ASALH created Negro History Week in 1926. Woodson selected the week to coincide with the birthdays of Frederick Douglass and Abraham Lincoln. Each year, he established a national theme for the celebration. Since 1976, ASALH extended the celebration for all of February.

The organization publishes *The Journal of African American History* (formerly *The Journal of Negro History*) and the *Black History Bulletin* (formerly the *Negro History Bulletin*). In 2005, ASALH established the ASALH Press, reissuing Carter G. Woodson's *Mis-Education of the Negro*. The same year ASALH established *The Woodson Review,* a magazine that promotes its Annual Black History Theme, including it as part of its Black History Kit. In 2005, ASALH discovered a previously unpublished manuscript by its founder, Carter G. Woodson, and published it in a special edition as *Carter G. Woodson's Appeal: The Lost Manuscript Edition.*

ASALH is a membership organization with more than 25 branches.

## ASALH Conventions

Annually the organization strives to continue its research focus as well as efforts to share and disseminate historical information—for which the organization was founded. One of the major ways the organization focuses it resources in this area is with the ASALH annual convention that takes place in the fall (usually September or October) ASALH hosted its first convention in 1917, two years after the organization was founded. At that time the convention was biennial. During the first convention, Woodson stated the goals of the organization as he saw them: "The organization primary responsibilities would be the publishing of an historical magazine, researching the achievements of Negros, directing a home study program along with writing and publishing books and monographs. Charles Harris Wesley, one of the organization's early developers, was not pleased with the first convention because more race solvers and educators attended than historians, which is in opposition to ASALH’s vision as an historical research society."

Each year, the location of the convention rotates to a major US city and coincides with the annual black history theme. The 2008 convention took place in Birmingham, AL, the 2009 convention took place in Cincinnati, OH, the 2010 convention was held in Raleigh, NC, the 2011 conference was held in Richmond, VA, and the 2012 convention from September 26 to September 30 in Pittsburgh, PA. According to the Association, the annual convention draws over 1,000 participants.

At the convention, ASALH organizes plenary sessions and workshops, facilitates scholarly presentations selected from the "Call for Papers", sponsors a black history tour of famous landmarks in the city, and hosts a youth day for high school students in the area.

### Derived organizations

Numerous organizations have risen out of the ASALH conventions. One such example is the Association of Black Women Historians (ABWH), founded at the 1977 ASALH convention in Washington, D.C. The ABWH was founded by three women participants: Rosalyn Terborg-Penn, Eleanor Smith, and Elizabeth Parker.

The National Council of Black Studies was also conceptualized at an ASALH convention.

## InfoBox

Association for the Study of African American Life and History
| Formation | September 9, 1915 (1915-09-09) |
| --- | --- |
| Founders | Carter G. Woodson, William B. Hartgrove, George Cleveland Hall, Alexander L. Jackson, and James E. Stamps |
| Founded at | Chicago |
| Legal status | Non-profit |
| Purpose | History, Sociology |
| Headquarters | Washington, DC |
| Location | * United States |
| Website | asalh.org |
| Formerly called | Association for the Study of Negro Life and History<br>Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History |


title: 1997 Djiboutian parliamentary election

text:
# 1997 Djiboutian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Djibouti on 19 December 1997. The Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy, which had boycotted the last election, ran joint candidates with the ruling People's Rally for Progress. Together, they won all 65 seats in the National Assembly, with the PRP taking 54 and the FRUD 11. Voter turnout was 57%.

## Results

| Party | | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | RPPFRUD | 72,073 | 78.56 | 65 | 0 |
|  | Party of Democratic Renewal | 17,607 | 19.19 | 0 | 0 |
|  | National Democratic Party | 2,067 | 2.25 | 0 | New |
| Total | | 91,747 | 100.00 | 65 | 0 |
|  | | | | | |
| Valid votes | | 91,747 | 97.29 |  | |
| Invalid/blank votes | | 2,556 | 2.71 |  | |
| Total votes | | 94,303 | 100.00 |  | |
| Registered voters/turnout | | 166,276 | 56.71 |  | |
| Source: African Elections Database | | | | | |

## InfoBox

1997 Djiboutian parliamentary election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| ---  All 65 seats in the National Assembly | |
| First party   Leader **Hassan Gouled Aptidon**   Party RPP   Seats won 65   Seat change    Popular vote **72,073**   Percentage **78.56%**   Swing 3.97pp | |