title: 2009–10 Israeli Noar Leumit League

abstract: The 2009–10 Israeli Noar Leumit League was the sixteenth season since its introduction in 1994. It is the top-tier football in Israel for teenagers between the ages 18–20. It began on 14 August 2009 and ended on 29 May 2010. Maccabi Haifa won the title, whilst Hapoel Petah Tikva and Hakoah Amidar Ramat Gan were relegated.

text:
# 2009–10 Israeli Noar Leumit League

The **2009–10 Israeli Noar Leumit League** was the sixteenth season since its introduction in 1994. It is the top-tier football in Israel for teenagers between the ages 18–20. It began on 14 August 2009 and ended on 29 May 2010.

Maccabi Haifa won the title, whilst Hapoel Petah Tikva and Hakoah Amidar Ramat Gan were relegated.

Maccabi HaifaMaccabi Tel AvivMaccabi NetanyaIroni Kiryat ShmonaHapoel Tel AvivF.C. AshdodBeitar JerusalemMaccabi Petah TikvaHapoel Kfar SabaHapoel HaifaBeitar Nes TubrukIroni Rishon LeZionBnei SakhninHapoel Ra'ananaHapoel Petah TikvaHakoah Amidar Ramat Ganclass=notpageimage|Location of teams in the 2009–10 Israeli Noar Leumit League

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Maccabi Haifa (C) | 30 | 23 | 6 | 1 | 65 | 17 | +48 | 75 | Noar Leumit League Champions |
| 2 | Maccabi Tel Aviv | 30 | 20 | 7 | 3 | 70 | 26 | +44 | 67 |  |
| 3 | Maccabi Netanya | 30 | 17 | 7 | 6 | 53 | 32 | +21 | | 58 |
| 4 | Hapoel Ironi Kiryat Shmona | 30 | 15 | 4 | 11 | 43 | 41 | +2 | | 49 |
| 5 | Hapoel Tel Aviv | 30 | 14 | 6 | 10 | 54 | 27 | +27 | | 48 |
| 6 | F.C. Ashdod | 30 | 12 | 8 | 10 | 47 | 45 | +2 | | 44 |
| 7 | Beitar Jerusalem | 30 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 40 | 38 | +2 | | 43 |
| 8 | Maccabi Petah Tikva | 30 | 11 | 8 | 11 | 34 | 42 | 8 | | 41 |
| 9 | Hapoel Kfar Saba | 30 | 10 | 9 | 11 | 37 | 40 | 3 | | 39 |
| 10 | Hapoel Haifa | 30 | 11 | 6 | 13 | 47 | 39 | +8 | | 39 |
| 11 | Beitar Nes Tubruk | 30 | 7 | 10 | 13 | 41 | 58 | 17 | | 31 |
| 12 | Ironi Rishon LeZion | 30 | 8 | 6 | 16 | 36 | 54 | 18 | | 30 |
| 13 | Bnei Sakhnin | 30 | 6 | 10 | 14 | 34 | 58 | 24 | | 28 |
| 14 | Hapoel Ra'anana | 30 | 7 | 7 | 16 | 39 | 66 | 27 | | 28 |
| 15 | Hapoel Petah Tikva (R) | 30 | 5 | 9 | 16 | 32 | 48 | 16 | 24 | Relegation to Noar Arzit League |
| 16 | Hakoah Amidar Ramat Gan (R) | 30 | 4 | 7 | 19 | 26 | 65 | 39 | | 19 |

Source: Israel Football Association
(C) Champions; (R) Relegated
Notes:

| 2009–10 Noar Leumit League winners |
| --- |
| **Maccabi Haifa<br>5th title** |

1. League Goal Scorers 2009-2010 IFA (in Hebrew)

## InfoBox

Israeli Noar Leumit League
| Season | 2009–10 |
| --- | --- |
| Matches played | 240 |
| Goals scored | 696 (2.9 per match) |
| Top goalscorer | Ofir Melamed (18) |
| 2008–09 2010–11 | |


title: 2019–20 Hong Kong Pegasus FC season

abstract: The 2019–20 season is Pegasus's 12th season in the top-tier division in Hong Kong football. Pegasus will compete in the Premier League, Senior Challenge Shield, FA Cup and Sapling Cup this season. However, due to the 2020 coronavirus pandemic in Hong Kong, Pegasus announced their withdrawal from the remaining matches this season in April 2020.

text:
# 2019–20 Hong Kong Pegasus FC season

The **2019–20** season is Pegasus's 12th season in the top-tier division in Hong Kong football. Pegasus will compete in the Premier League, Senior Challenge Shield, FA Cup and Sapling Cup this season. However, due to the 2020 coronavirus pandemic in Hong Kong, Pegasus announced their withdrawal from the remaining matches this season in April 2020.

## Squad

### First Team

*As of 21 March 2020*

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

| No. Pos. Nation Player  1 GK  HKG Leung Hing Kit  3 DF  HKG Lui Man Tik  4 DF  AUS Michael Glassock FP  5 MF  HKG Kwok Tsz Kaai  6 MF  HKG Chan Hiu Fung  7 FW  HKG Chan Siu Ki  8 FW  CMR Mahama Awal FP  9 FW  HKG Lee Oi Hin  11 FW  JPN Shu Sasaki *(captain)* FP  12 MF  HKG Siu Chun Ming  13 MF  HKG Wong Chun Ho  14 FW  BRA Jean Moser FP *(on loan from Eastern)*  15 DF  HKG Chan Wai Ho | No. Pos. Nation Player  16 DF  HKG Law Hiu Chung  17 DF  HKG Chan Pak Hang  18 MF  HKG Chang Hei Yin  19 FW  HKG Kiranbir Singh  21 DF  HKG Cheung Chi Yung  22 DF  HKG Yim Kai Wa  23 MF  HKG Lui Kit Ming  24 GK  HKG Law King Hei  25 MF  HKG Yau Ka Wai  28 MF  HKG Chiu Wan Chun  30 MF  BRA David Lazari FP  77 DF  HKG Tsang Kin Fong |
| --- | --- |

**Remarks:**
LP These players are registered as local players in Hong Kong domestic football competitions.
FP These players are registered as foreign players.

## Transfers

### Transfers in

| Date from | Position | Nationality | Name | From | Fee | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 16 July 2019 | GK |  | Law King Hei | Freemen FC | Free |  |
| 16 July 2019 | DF |  | Lui Man Tik | Dreams FC | Free |  |
| 16 July 2019 | DF |  | Michael Glassock | Central Coast Mariners U-21 | Free |  |
| 16 July 2019 | DF |  | Chan Pak Hang | Yuen Long | Free |  |
| 16 July 2019 | DF |  | Yim Kai Wa | Yuen Long | Free |  |
| 16 July 2019 | DF |  | Tsang Kin Fong | Råslätts SK | Free |  |
| 16 July 2019 | MF |  | Kwok Tsz Kaai | Yuen Long | Free |  |
| 16 July 2019 | MF |  | Chan Hiu Fung | Tai Po | Free |  |
| 16 July 2019 | MF |  | Chiu Wan Chun | Youth team | Free |  |
| 16 July 2019 | MF |  | Marcos Gondra | Dreams FC | Free |  |
| 16 July 2019 | FW |  | Jorge Ortí | CD Teruel | Free |  |
| 16 July 2019 | FW |  | Lee Oi Hin | Yuen Long | Free |  |
| 8 August 2019 | FW |  | Charles Lokolingoy | Sutherland Sharks | Free |  |
| 2 September 2019 | DF |  | Chan Wai Ho | Dreams FC | Free |  |
| 18 October 2019 | MF |  | Gabriel Méndez | L.D.U. Portoviejo | Free |  |
| 18 October 2019 | MF |  | Yau Ka Wai | Leaper St. Joseph's | Free |  |
| 13 January 2020 | FW |  | Mahama Awal | Free agent | Free |  |
| February 2020 | FW |  | Kiranbir Singh | Icanfield | Free |  |

### Transfers out

| Date from | Position | Nationality | Name | To | Fee | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 July 2019 | GK |  | Ng Chun Fat | Wong Tai Sin | Released |  |
| 1 July 2019 | DF |  | Cheung Kwok Ming | Shatin | Released |  |
| 1 July 2019 | DF |  | Siu Ka Ming | North District | Released |  |
| 1 July 2019 | DF |  | Jack Sealy | Southern | Released |  |
| 1 July 2019 | DF |  | Rosen Kolev | FC Dunav Ruse | Released |  |
| 1 July 2019 | DF |  | Tsang Chi Hau | Eastern | End of loan |  |
| 1 July 2019 | FW |  | Mahama Awal |  | Released |  |
| 1 July 2019 | MF |  | Eugene Mbome | Tai Po | Released |  |
| 1 July 2019 | MF |  | Wu Chun Ming | Eastern | Released |  |
| 1 July 2019 | FW |  | Yuen Chun Sing | Kitchee | Released |  |
| 1 July 2019 | FW |  | Travis Major | Southern | Released |  |
| 1 July 2019 | FW |  | Paul Ngue |  | Released |  |
| August 2019 | MF |  | Chow Wing Hin | Yau Tsim Mong | Released |  |
| 18 October 2019 | FW |  | Jorge Ortí |  | Released |  |
| 6 November 2019 | GK |  | Zhang Chunhui |  | Released |  |
| 17 December 2019 | MF |  | Gabriel Méndez | Southern | Released |  |
| 22 December 2019 | FW |  | Charles Lokolingoy | Sydney Olympic FC | Released |  |
| 6 January 2020 | MF |  | Marcos Gondra | Gernika Club | Released |  |
| 8 April 2020 | DF |  | Michael Glassock |  | Released |  |
| 8 April 2020 | MF |  | David Lazari |  | Released |  |
| 8 April 2020 | FW |  | Mahama Awal |  | Released |  |
| 8 April 2020 | FW |  | Shu Sasaki | Southern | Released |  |
| April 2020 | DF |  | Chan Wai Ho | Retired | Released |  |
| 6 June 2020 | FW |  | Chan Siu Ki | Retired | Released |  |
| 1 July 2020 | DF |  | Cheung Chi Yung |  | Released |  |
| 1 July 2020 | MF |  | Wong Chun Ho | Lee Man | Released |  |
| 1 July 2020 | MF |  | Chang Hei Yin | Lee Man | Released |  |

### Loans in

| Start Date | End Date | Position | Nationality | Name | From Club | Fee | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 26 July 2019 | 13 January 2020 | MF |  | Yiu Ho Ming | Eastern | Undisclosed |  |
| 2 January 2020 | 8 April 2020 | FW |  | Jean Moser | Eastern | Undisclosed |  |

### Loans out

| Start Date | End Date | Position | Nationality | Name | To Club | Fee | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 26 July 2019 | 30 June 2020 | FW |  | Lau Chi Lok | Rangers | Undisclosed |  |
| 8 August 2019 | 30 June 2020 | FW |  | Juninho | Yuen Long | Undisclosed |  |

## Team staff

| Position | Staff |
| --- | --- |
| Head coach | Man Pei Tak |
| Assistant coach | Chan Wai Ho |
| Assistant coach | Wong Tsz Fung |
| Assistant coach | Sin Ka Yu |
| Assistant coach | Chu Wai Lam |
| Team manager | Thomas Ng |

## Competitions

### Hong Kong Premier League

#### Table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 5 | Southern | 10 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 15 | 21 | 6 | 10 |  |
| 6 | Happy Valley | 10 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 6 | 31 | 25 | | 1 |
| 7 | Pegasus (D) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Withdrew, record expunged |
| 8 | Rangers (D) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | 0 |
| 9 | Tai Po (D, R) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Withdrew, record expunged
Relegation to Hong Kong First Division League |

Source: Hong Kong Football Association
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head points; 3) Head-to-head goal difference; 4) Head-to-head goals scored; 5) Goal difference; 6) Goals scored; 7) Fair-play points; 8) Drawing lots (Play-off if the winner has to be decided).
(D) Disqualified; (R) Relegated
Notes:

Win   Draw   Loss

### Hong Kong Senior Challenge Shield

### Hong Kong Sapling Cup

#### Group stage

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Kitchee (A) | 8 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 20 | 6 | +14 | 19 | Advance to Final |
| 2 | Eastern | 8 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 14 | 5 | +9 | 16 |  |
| 3 | Pegasus | 8 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 19 | 20 | 1 | | 12 |
| 4 | Lee Man | 8 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 17 | 22 | 5 | | 7 |
| 5 | Rangers | 8 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 10 | 27 | 17 | | 4 |

Source: Hong Kong Football Association
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head points; 3) Head-to-head goal difference; 4) Goal difference; 5) Goals scored.
(A) Advance to a further round

### Hong Kong FA Cup

## Remarks

1. 港超聯 佳聯元朗和富大埔齊齊唔玩 on.cc 12 June 2020

## InfoBox

Pegasus 2019–20 season
| President | Steven Lo |
| --- | --- |
| Chairman | Torres Chee |
| Manager | Man Pei Tak |
| Stadium | Hong Kong Stadium |
| Premier League | *Withdrew* |
| Senior Shield | *Quarter-finals* |
| FA Cup | *Semi-finals* |
| Sapling Cup | *Group Stage* |
| Top goalscorer | League:
Charles Lokolingoy (4 goals)
All:
Jean Moser (7 goals) |
| Highest home attendance | 747
(vs Kitchee, 16 January 2020) |
| Lowest home attendance | 363
(vs Yuen Long, 25 November 2019) |
| Average home league attendance | 551 |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Fimpen

abstract: Fimpen is a 1974 Swedish family film written and directed by Bo Widerberg and starring Johan Bergman.

text:
# Fimpen

***Fimpen*** (lit. "the cigarette butt", UK *Stubby*, international *The Butt*) is a 1974 Swedish family film written and directed by Bo Widerberg and starring Johan Bergman.

## Plot

Six-year-old Johan, nicknamed "Fimpen", is an extraordinarily talented football player. He is discovered and recruited to Hammarby IF and the Sweden men's national team. Performing in the 1974 World Cup qualification, he is promoted to idol status but finds it difficult to keep up in school.

## Cast

Football players appearing as themselves: Claes Cronqvist, Ralf Edström, Ove Grahn, Georg Ericson, Ronnie Hellström, Kent Karlsson, Ove Kindvall, Krister Kristensson, Bosse Larsson, Benno Magnusson, Roger Magnusson, Björn Nordqvist, Kenneth Ohlsson, Janne Olsson, Örjan Persson, Roland Sandberg, Tom Turesson and Mats Werner.

TV and radio sports commentators appearing as themselves: Bengt Bedrup, Ulf Elfving, Bengt Grive, Arne Hegerfors, Bo Holmström, Lennart Hyland and Sven Lindahl.

## InfoBox

| Fimpen | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Bo Widerberg |
| Written by | Bo Widerberg |
| Produced by | Bo Widerberg |
| Cinematography | John Olsson |
| Edited by | Bo Widerberg |
| Release date | * 16 February 1974 (1974-02-16) |
| Running time | 89 minutes |
| Country | Sweden |
| Language | Swedish |


abstract: The 2010 North Hertfordshire Council election was held on 6 May 2010, at the same time as other local elections across England and the general election. Of the 49 seats on North Hertfordshire District Council, 19 were up for election, being the usual third of seats plus a by-election in Royston Palace ward. The Conservatives gained one of the Royston Palace seats from the Liberal Democrats, whilst the Liberal Democrats gained Hitchin Bearton from the Labour leader, Martin Stears-Handscomb. The Conservatives therefore increased their majority on the council. The Conservative leader prior to the election was F. John Smith, who had been leader of the council since 1999. He did not stand for re-election. After the election, Lynda Needham was appointed Conservative leader and leader of the council. Labour's new leader after the election was David Billing.

text:
# 2010 North Hertfordshire District Council election

The **2010 North Hertfordshire Council election** was held on 6 May 2010, at the same time as other local elections across England and the general election. Of the 49 seats on North Hertfordshire District Council, 19 were up for election, being the usual third of seats plus a by-election in Royston Palace ward.

The Conservatives gained one of the Royston Palace seats from the Liberal Democrats, whilst the Liberal Democrats gained Hitchin Bearton from the Labour leader, Martin Stears-Handscomb. The Conservatives therefore increased their majority on the council. The Conservative leader prior to the election was F. John Smith, who had been leader of the council since 1999. He did not stand for re-election. After the election, Lynda Needham was appointed Conservative leader and leader of the council. Labour's new leader after the election was David Billing.

## Overall results

The overall results were as follows:

| 2010 North Hertfordshire District Council election | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | This election | | | Full council | | | This election | | |
| | Seats | Net | Seats % | Other | Total | Total % | Votes | Votes % | +/− |
|  | Conservative | 10 | 1 | 68.4 | 23 | **33** | 67.3 | 26,492 | 46.8 | -2.8 |
|  | Liberal Democrats | 3 |  | 15.8 | 6 | **9** | 18.4 | 13,910 | 24.6 | +5.2 |
|  | Labour | 3 | 1 | 13.3 | 6 | **8** | 15.8 | 11,613 | 20.5 | -0.1 |
|  | Green | 0 |  | 0.0 | 0 | **0** | 0.0 | 3,639 | 6.4 | -1.1 |
|  | UKIP | 0 |  | 0.0 | 0 | **0** | 0.0 | 499 | 0.9 | -0.4 |
|  | BNP | 0 |  | 0.0 | 0 | **0** | 0.0 | 435 | 0.8 | -0.7 |

## Ward results

The results for each ward were as follows. Where the previous incumbent was standing for re-election they are marked with an asterisk(\*).

Baldock Town ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Ian Jeremy Knighton\*** | **1,981** | **54.1%** | **−7.3** |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Richard William Winter | 835 | 22.8% | +5.9 |
|  | Labour | Kenneth Garland | 552 | 15.1% | −1.0 |
|  | BNP | James Reginald Scott | 140 | 3.8% | n/a |
|  | Green | Sarah Elaine Pond | 139 | 3.8% | −1.3 |
| Turnout | | | 3,660 | 65.3% |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | Swing | -6.6 |  |

Codicote ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Thomas Henry Brindley\*
*(Tom Brindley)*** | **972** | **61.0%** | **+2.7** |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Elizabeth Anne Willoughby
*(Liz Willoughby)* | 281 | 17.6% | n/a |
|  | Labour | Jonathan Holman | 219 | 13.7% | 0.0 |
|  | Green | Harold Bland | 117 | 7.3% | +0.7 |
| Turnout | | | 1,594 | 75.2% |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | Swing | n/a |  |

Hitchin Bearton ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Lisa Victoria Courts** | **1,337** | **32.2%** | **+17.5** |
|  | Conservative | Stephen Parker | 1,332 | 32.1% | −2.1 |
|  | Labour | Martin John Stears-Handscomb\* | 1,138 | 27.4% | −9.1 |
|  | Green | Jerome James Green | 321 | 7.7% | −6.2 |
| Turnout | | | 4,152 | 67.8% |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **gain** from Labour | | Swing | +13.3 |  |

Hitchin Highbury ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Lawrence William Oliver\*** | **1,889** | **42.9%** | **−4.4** |
|  | Conservative | David Leal-Bennett | 1,779 | 40.4% | −1.7 |
|  | Labour | Araminta Jane Birdsey
*(Min Birdsey)* | 480 | 10.9% | +5.3 |
|  | Green | Robert John Mardon
*(Bob Mardon)* | 236 | 5.4% | +0.7 |
| Turnout | | | 4,402 | 73.5% |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **hold** | | Swing | -1.4 |  |

Hitchin Oughton ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **David Edward Billing\*** | **888** | **38.7%** | **−12.1** |
|  | Conservative | Louise Alexandra Huggins | 795 | 34.6% | +2.0 |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Robin Lambie | 461 | 20.1% | +11.5 |
|  | Green | Mark Ashley Walker
*(Ashley Walker)* | 138 | 6.0% | −1.9 |
| Turnout | | | 2,296 | 60.7% |  |
|  | Labour **hold** | | Swing | -7.1 |  |

Hitchin Priory ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Allison Ashley\*** | **1,599** | **56.6%** | **−6.8** |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Michael John Lott | 797 | 28.2% | +10.8 |
|  | Labour | Deborah Vincenza Bruna Segalini | 243 | 8.6% | −0.6 |
|  | Green | Paul Anthony O'Shaughnessy | 169 | 6.0% | −3.8 |
| Turnout | | | 2,823 | 77.7% |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | Swing | -8.8 |  |

Hitchin Walsworth ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Alan John Millard\*** | **1,714** | **40.6%** | **−2.1** |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Andrew Ircha | 1,070 | 25.3% | +14.6 |
|  | Labour | Derek Nigel Sheard | 1,015 | 24.0% | −4.4 |
|  | Green | Richard Lionel Wise | 405 | 9.6% | −1.1 |
| Turnout | | | 4,226 | 69.4% |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | Swing | -8.4 |  |

Hitchwood, Offa and Hoo ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **David Miller\*** | **2,591** | **61.6%** | **−11.3** |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Peter Donald Johnson | 821 | 19.5% | +9.1 |
|  | Labour | Clare Helen Billing | 522 | 12.4% | +2.7 |
|  | Green | Christopher James Honey
*(Chris Honey)* | 251 | 6.0% | −0.8 |
| Turnout | | | 4,207 | 75.0% |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | Swing | -10.2 |  |

Kimpton ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **John Cyril Bishop\*** | **834** | **63.3%** | **−9.4** |
|  | Liberal Democrats | William Richard Webster | 323 | 24.5% | +6.7 |
|  | Labour | Alison Clare Casey | 117 | 8.9% | −0.3 |
|  | Green | George Winston Howe | 42 | 3.2% | n/a |
| Turnout | | | 1,318 | 74.3% |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | Swing | -8.1 |  |

Knebworth ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Jane Elizabeth Gray\*** | **1,854** | **61.7%** | **−8.4** |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Edward Charles Barham | 508 | 16.9% | +9.5 |
|  | Labour | John Brian Burnell | 502 | 16.7% | +0.9 |
|  | Green | Giles Colin Woodruff | 127 | 4.2% | −2.0 |
| Turnout | | | 3,003 | 71.8% |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | Swing | -9.0 |  |

Letchworth East ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Lorna Rose Kercher\*** | **968** | **39.0%** | **+2.5** |
|  | Conservative | Blake Stephenson | 915 | 36.9% | −0.4 |
|  | Green | James Alexander Drew | 331 | 13.4% | +6.8 |
|  | UKIP | Susan Anne Mary Keeler | 237 | 9.6% | +6.4 |
| Turnout | | | 2,479 | 60.2% |  |
|  | Labour **hold** | | Swing | +1.5 |  |

Letchworth Grange ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **David Chambers** | **1,558** | **40.2%** | **+3.3** |
|  | Labour | Peter Anthony Mardell | 1,147 | 29.6% | −3.6 |
|  | Liberal Democrats | John Stephen White | 772 | 19.9% | +9.1 |
|  | Green | Rosemary Anne Bland | 200 | 5.2% | +0.9 |
|  | BNP | Thomas William Godfrey | 176 | 4.5% | −3.9 |
| Turnout | | | 3,874 | 67.2% |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | Swing | +3.5 |  |

Letchworth South East ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **John Leo Dobson Booth\*** | **1,531** | **41.3%** | **−12.3** |
|  | Labour | Nigel Edward Agar | 969 | 26.1% | +7.5 |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Margaret Anne Higbid | 806 | 21.7% | +7.1 |
|  | UKIP | John Finbarr Barry | 262 | 7.1% | −1.4 |
|  | Green | Eric Morris Blakeley | 125 | 3.4% | −0.7 |
| Turnout | | | 3,711 | 65.3% |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | Swing | -9.9 |  |

Letchworth South West ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Michael John Rice
*(Mike Rice)*** | **2,026** | **47.6%** | **−13.6** |
|  | Liberal Democrats | John Paul Winder | 1,301 | 30.6% | +11.2 |
|  | Labour | Paul David Burgin | 628 | 14.8% | +4.8 |
|  | Green | Jonathan Guy Hart
*(Jon Hart)* | 279 | 6.6% | −2.4 |
| Turnout | | | 4,252 | 71.3% |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | Swing | -12.4 |  |

Letchworth Wilbury ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Gary Grindal\*** | **1,174** | **47.2%** | **+11.6** |
|  | Conservative | Pradeep Sharma
*(Paul Sharma)* | 855 | 34.4% | −3.2 |
|  | Green | Ann Karen De Bock | 303 | 12.2% | +6.4 |
|  | BNP | Reginald Frank Norgan | 119 | 4.8% | −5.3 |
| Turnout | | | 2,488 | 62% |  |
|  | Labour **hold** | | Swing | +7.4 |  |

Royston Heath ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Fiona Ronan Greenwood Hill\*** | **1,586** | **54.4%** | **+2.3** |
|  | Liberal Democrats | David Robert May | 850 | 29.1% | −6.7 |
|  | Labour | Robin Anthony King | 331 | 11.3% | −1.7 |
|  | Green | Philip John Oddy
*(Phil Oddy)* | 133 | 4.6% | n/a |
| Turnout | | | 2,918 | 70.3% |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | Swing | +4.5 |  |

Royston Meridian ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **William Marr Davidson
*(Bill Davidson)*** | **1,627** | **54.8%** | **−3.1** |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Lisa Thompson | 757 | 25.5% | +2.6 |
|  | Labour | Carlo James Zambonini | 394 | 13.3% | +0.7 |
|  | Green | Karen Julie Harmel | 172 | 5.8% | −12.5 |
| Turnout | | | 2,969 | 71.4% |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | Swing | -2.4 |  |

Royston Palace ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Robert Edward Inwood\*** | **1,102** | **42.7%** | **−7.0** |
|  | **Conservative** | **Paul Antony Grimes** | **943** | **36.5%** | **−6.3** |
|  | Conservative | Robert David Smith | 904 | 35.0% |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | John Raymond Ledden | 849 | 32.9% |  |
|  | Labour | Vaughan West | 326 | 12.6% | +2.8 |
|  | Labour | Leslie Baker
*(Les Baker)* | 203 | 7.9% |  |
|  | Green | Peter Groves | 151 | 5.8% | n/a |
|  | Green | Matthew Philip King
*(Matt King)* | 149 | 5.8% |  |
| Turnout | | | 2,582 | 64% |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **hold** | | Swing |  |  |
|  | Conservative **gain** from Liberal Democrats | | Swing |  |  |

The by-election in Royston Palace ward was due to the resignation of Liberal Democrat councillor Liz Beardwell.

## InfoBox

2010 North Hertfordshire District Council election
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| ---  19 of 49 seats on North Hertfordshire District Council
25 seats needed for a majority | |
| First party Second party Third party  **Con**  **LD**  **Lab**  Leader F. John Smith Steve Jarvis Martin Stears-Handscomb  Party Conservative Liberal Democrats Labour  Seats before 32 9 8  Seats after 33 9 7  Seat change 1  1  Popular vote 26,492 13,910 11,613  Percentage 46.8% 24.6% 20.5% | |
| ---  **Leader before election**
F. John Smith
Conservative **Leader after election**
Lynda Needham
Conservative | |


abstract: Export variants of Soviet military equipment were versions of Soviet military equipment of significantly inferior capability to the original designs and intended only for export. Monkey model was the unofficial designation given by the Soviet Armed Forces to such variants. The monkey model was exported with the same or a similar designation as the original Soviet design but in fact it lacked many of the advanced or expensive features of the original. Monkey-model weaponry was used mainly by non-communist Soviet allies, such as Egypt, Iraq and Syria. Eastern Bloc states such as the Warsaw Pact countries and other Communist allies such as Cuba and Vietnam generally used fully capable versions of Soviet weaponry, although poorer states often used earlier generations of weapons. The term monkey model was popularized in the West by Viktor Suvorov, in Inside the Soviet Army. Suvorov stated that the simplified monkey model was designed for massive production in wartime, to replace front-line stocks if a war should last for several weeks. In peacetime, Soviet industry gained experience building both standard and export-model variants, the latter being for sale "to the 'brothers' and 'friends' of the USSR as the very latest equipment available." He also cited the benefit of disinformation when an exported monkey model fell into the hands of Western intelligence, who "naturally gained a completely false impression of the true combat capabilities of the BMP-1 and of Soviet tanks".

text:
# Export variants of Soviet military equipment

**Export variants of Soviet military equipment** were versions of Soviet military equipment (armored vehicles, airplanes, missiles) of significantly inferior capability to the original designs and intended only for export. ***Monkey model*** was the unofficial designation given by the Soviet Armed Forces to such variants. The monkey model was exported with the same or a similar designation as the original Soviet design but in fact it lacked many of the advanced or expensive features of the original.

Monkey-model weaponry was used mainly by non-communist Soviet allies, such as Egypt, Iraq and Syria. Eastern Bloc states such as the Warsaw Pact countries and other Communist allies such as Cuba and Vietnam generally used fully capable versions of Soviet weaponry, although poorer states often used earlier generations of weapons.

The term *monkey model* was popularized in the West by Viktor Suvorov, in *Inside the Soviet Army*. Suvorov stated that the simplified monkey model was designed for massive production in wartime, to replace front-line stocks if a war should last for several weeks. In peacetime, Soviet industry gained experience building both standard and export-model variants, the latter being for sale "to the 'brothers' and 'friends' of the USSR as the very latest equipment available." He also cited the benefit of disinformation when an exported monkey model fell into the hands of Western intelligence, who "naturally gained a completely false impression of the true combat capabilities of the BMP-1 and of Soviet tanks".

## Armored vehicles

Monkey-model tanks were equipped with downgraded fire control systems, downgraded armor, no NBC system, and provided with substandard ammunition. Their ballistic computers, rangefinders, and night vision were inferior to those found on production models.

For instance, the 3BM17 APFSDS 125 mm smoothbore ammunition were designed specifically for export, and had a penetration of sloped armor at 2000 m that was inferior to the original Soviet model, the 3BM15. By the time of the Gulf War, both rounds were obsolescent and relegated solely to training purposes (not actual combat). For 3rd world client states, however, they were the most advanced 125mm KE rounds available.

## Aircraft

Monkey-model aircraft were downgraded in a manner similar to that of tanks. The MiG-23MS "Flogger-E", for example, was an export variant the original MiG-23 developed because the MiG-23 was considered too advanced to be exported to Third World countries. The MiG-23MS lacked the most advanced features of the original. Infra-red search and track and beyond visual range missile capabilities were removed and its avionics suite was very basic. This variant was widely sold during the 1970s to Soviet allies in the Middle East.

## Effectiveness of monkey models

It is claimed by some that most Soviet-designed tanks and aircraft engaged by western forces during the last decades were allegedly monkey models, and that this must be kept in mind when trying to assess the capabilities of real Soviet-era equipment versus those of contemporary western designs. An alleged example of this is the dismal performance of Iraqi T-72 models during the 1991 Gulf War and the 2003 invasion of Iraq.

In each conflict, Iraqi T-72s failed to destroy a single M1 Abrams tank, even after scoring direct hits. On the other hand, a publication from the early 80s claims that the 125 mm 2A46 gun "will penetrate the armor of any current or future NATO tank at ranges greater than 2,000 meters." A decade later, Robert H. Scales insisted that the 125mm gun "could penetrate the Abrams (frontal armor) at 1,000 meters," provided it was using modern ammunition. The performance discrepancy can be explained by the fact that the Iraqi's used substandard ammunition for their guns, while operating a mix of monkey models and their own locally produced variant, the Lion of Babylon.

## Sources


title: Eulimella carmanica

abstract: Eulimella carmanica is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

text:
# Eulimella carmanica

***Eulimella carmanica*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

## InfoBox

| *Eulimella carmanica* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Family: | Pyramidellidae |
| Genus: | *Eulimella* |
| Species: | ***E. carmanica*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Eulimella carmanica***<br>Melvill, 1903 | |
|


title: 1996 Castleford Tigers season

abstract: The 1996 Castleford Tigers season was the club's 1st year in the Super League. The club finished in 9th place. Castleford also competed in the Challenge Cup, but were knocked out in the Fourth Round by St. Helens.

text:
# 1996 Castleford Tigers season

The **1996 Castleford Tigers season** was the club's 1st year in the Super League. The club finished in 9th place. Castleford also competed in the Challenge Cup, but were knocked out in the Fourth Round by St. Helens.

## Table

Super League I
| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | St Helens (C) | 22 | 20 | 0 | 2 | 950 | 455 | +495 | 40 | Qualified for Premiership semi final |
| 2 | Wigan | 22 | 19 | 1 | 2 | 902 | 326 | +576 | 39 | Qualified for Premiership semi final |
| 3 | Bradford Bulls | 22 | 17 | 0 | 5 | 767 | 409 | +358 | | 34 |
| 4 | London Broncos | 22 | 12 | 1 | 9 | 611 | 462 | +149 | | 25 |
| 5 | Warrington Wolves | 22 | 12 | 0 | 10 | 569 | 565 | +4 | 24 |  |
| 6 | Halifax Blue Sox | 22 | 10 | 1 | 11 | 667 | 576 | +91 | | 21 |
| 7 | Sheffield Eagles | 22 | 10 | 0 | 12 | 599 | 730 | 131 | | 20 |
| 8 | Oldham Bears | 22 | 9 | 1 | 12 | 473 | 681 | 208 | | 19 |
| 9 | Castleford Tigers | 22 | 9 | 0 | 13 | 548 | 599 | 51 | | 18 |
| 10 | Leeds | 22 | 6 | 0 | 16 | 555 | 745 | 190 | | 12 |
| 11 | Paris Saint-Germain | 22 | 3 | 1 | 18 | 398 | 795 | 397 | | 7 |
| 12 | Workington Town (R) | 22 | 2 | 1 | 19 | 325 | 1021 | 696 | 5 | Relegated to Division One |

Source: *Rugby League Project*
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points difference; 3) Number of points scored;
(C) Champions; (R) Relegated

## Squad

*Statistics include appearances and points in the Super League and Challenge Cup.*

| **Player** | **Apps** | **Tries** | **Goals** | **DGs** | **Points** | **Ref** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Chris Allen | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  |
| Grant Anderson | 11 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 8 |  |
| Lee Bardawskas | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  |
| Frano Botica | 21 | 5 | 84 | 2 | 190 |  |
| David Chapman | 14 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 20 |  |
| James Coventry | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  |
| Lee Crooks | 20 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 10 |  |
| Diccon Edwards | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |  |
| Jason Flowers | 22 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 40 |  |
| Stuart Flowers | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  |
| Adrian Flynn | 19 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 36 |  |
| David Furness | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  |
| Richard Gay | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 8 |  |
| Eddie Glaze | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  |
| Richard Goddard | 12 | 3 | 9 | 0 | 30 |  |
| Spencer Hargrave | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  |
| Lee Harland | 16 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 8 |  |
| Colin Maskill | 9 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 6 |  |
| Simon Middleton | 11 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 20 |  |
| Tawera Nikau | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  |
| Junior Paramore | 11 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 12 |  |
| Shaun Richardson | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |  |
| Paul Round | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  |
| Richard Russell | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |  |
| Dean Sampson | 18 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 8 |  |
| Andrew Schick | 22 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 24 |  |
| Ian Smales | 15 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 20 |  |
| Chris Smith | 21 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 40 |  |
| Tony Smith | 19 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 40 |  |
| Graham Steadman | 12 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 12 |  |
| Gareth Stephens | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  |
| Nathan Sykes | 23 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |  |
| Ian Tonks | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |  |
| Brendon Tuuta | 22 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 12 |  |
| Jon Wells | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  |

## Transfers

### In

| **Player** | **From** | **Fee** | **Date** | **Ref** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Grant Anderson | Halifax Blue Sox |  | February 1996 |  |
| Richard Gay | Hull F.C. |  | March 1996 |  |
| Paul Round | Bradford Bulls |  | March 1996 |  |
| Diccon Edwards | Newport RFC |  | April 1996 |  |
| David Chapman | Hunter Mariners |  | May 1996 |  |
| Junior Paramore | Hunter Mariners |  | May 1996 |  |
| Jason Roach | Swinton Lions |  | October 1996 |  |

### Out

| **Player** | **Pos** | **Fee** | **Date** | **Ref** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Gareth Stephens | Hull F.C. |  | April 1996 |  |
| Stuart Flowers | Hunslet Hawks |  | May 1996 |  |
| Colin Maskill | Featherstone Rovers |  | July 1996 |  |
| Jamie Coventry | Huddersfield Giants |  | December 1996 |  |

## InfoBox

| 1996 Castleford Tigers season | |
| --- | --- |
| Super League I Rank | 9th |
| Challenge Cup | Fourth round |
| 1997 record | Wins: 9; draws: 0; losses: 14 |
| Points scored | For: 564; against: 657 |
| Team information | |
| Head coach | John Joyner |
| Stadium | Wheldon Road |
| List of seasons 1997 | |


title: Entropion

abstract: Entropion is a medical condition in which the eyelid folds inward. It is very uncomfortable, as the eyelashes continuously rub against the cornea causing irritation. Entropion is usually caused by genetic factors. This is different from when an extra fold of skin on the lower eyelid causes lashes to turn in towards the eye (epiblepharon). In epiblepharons, the eyelid margin itself is in the correct position, but the extra fold of skin causes the lashes to be misdirected. Entropion can also create secondary pain of the eye. The upper or lower eyelid can be involved, and one or both eyes may be affected. When entropion occurs in both eyes, this is known as "bilateral entropion". Repeated cases of trachoma infection may cause scarring of the inner eyelid, which may cause entropion. In human cases, this condition is most common to people over 60 years of age.

text:
# Entropion

**Entropion** is a medical condition in which the eyelid (usually the lower lid) folds inward. It is very uncomfortable, as the eyelashes continuously rub against the cornea causing irritation. Entropion is usually caused by genetic factors. This is different from when an extra fold of skin on the lower eyelid causes lashes to turn in towards the eye (epiblepharon). In epiblepharons, the eyelid margin itself is in the correct position, but the extra fold of skin causes the lashes to be misdirected. Entropion can also create secondary pain of the eye (leading to self trauma, scarring of the eyelid, or nerve damage). The upper or lower eyelid can be involved, and one or both eyes may be affected. When entropion occurs in both eyes, this is known as "bilateral entropion". Repeated cases of trachoma infection may cause scarring of the inner eyelid, which may cause entropion. In human cases, this condition is most common to people over 60 years of age.

## Symptoms

Symptoms of entropion include:

## Causes

* Congenital
* Aging creating loose skin and stretched and loose ligaments and muscles (senile entropion).
* Scarring (mechanical entropion)
* Spasm
* An eye infection called trachoma is still common in North Africa and South Asia and this can cause scarring of the inner eyelid, which may cause friction and entropion.

## Treatment

Treatment is a relatively simple surgery in which excess skin of the outer lids is removed or tendons and muscles are shortened with one or two stitches. General anesthesia is sometimes used before local anesthetics are injected into the muscles around the eye. Prognosis is excellent if surgery is performed before the cornea is damaged.

## Entropion in other species

Entropion has been documented in most dog breeds, although there are some breeds (particularly purebreds) that are more commonly affected than others. These include the Akita, Pug, Chow Chow, Shar Pei, St. Bernard, Cocker Spaniel, Boxer, English Springer Spaniel, Welsh Springer Spaniel, Labrador Retriever, Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, Neapolitan Mastiff, Bull Mastiff, Great Dane, Irish Setter, Shiba Inu, Rottweiler, Poodle and particularly Bloodhound. The condition is usually present by six months of age. If left untreated, the condition can cause such trauma to the eye that it will require removal.

Entropion has also been seen in cat breeds. Typically it is secondary to trauma or infection leading to chronic eyelid changes. It is also seen secondary to enophthalmos. Primary entropion might also be encountered: the brachycephalic breeds (mostly the Persian) and the Maine Coon are predisposed.

Upper-lid entropion involves the eyelashes rubbing on the eye, but the lower lid usually has no eyelashes, so little or no hair rubs on the eye. Surgical correction is used in more severe cases. A number of techniques for surgical correction exist. The Hotz-Celsus technique involves the removal of strip of skin and orbicularis oculi muscle parallel to the affected portion of the lid and then the skin is sutured.

Alternative techniques such as the Wyman technique focus on tightening the lower eyelid. This technique is not as effective in cases of enophthalmos. Shar Peis, who often are affected as young as two or three weeks old, respond well to temporary eyelid tacking. The entropion is often corrected after three to four weeks, and the sutures are removed.

## InfoBox

| Entropion | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Entropion and trichiasis secondary to trachoma | |
| Specialty | Medical genetics |


title: 1944 Kearsley Shire Council election

abstract: The 1944 Kearsley Shire Council election was held on 2 December 1944 to elect eight councillors to Kearsley Shire. The election was held as part of the statewide local government elections in New South Wales, Australia. The election was notable for resulting in five members of the Australian Communist Party being elected. According to the party's official newspaper, Tribune, this was the first time a communist party had won a local government majority in the English-speaking world. As of 2024, this is the most seats won by a communist political party in Australia in a single LGA. The present-day Communist Party of Australia had one councillor elected to Auburn City Council from 2012 until 2016, which remains its only electoral victory.

text:
# 1944 Kearsley Shire Council election

The **1944 Kearsley Shire Council election** was held on 2 December 1944 to elect eight councillors to Kearsley Shire. The election was held as part of the statewide local government elections in New South Wales, Australia.

The election was notable for resulting in five members of the Australian Communist Party being elected. According to the party's official newspaper, *Tribune*, this was the first time a communist party had won a local government majority in the English-speaking world.

As of 2024, this is the most seats won by a communist political party in Australia in a single LGA. The present-day Communist Party of Australia had one councillor elected to Auburn City Council from 2012 until 2016, which remains its only electoral victory.

## Background

Kearsley Shire was one of 138 shire councils in New South Wales in 1944. It was based in Cessnock, and also included the towns of Branxton, Greta and Kearsley. The council was split into four two-member wards (also known as ridings) − A Riding, B Riding, C Riding and D Riding.

During World War II, the party (although banned from 1940 to 1942) rose in popularity. Its membership rose to 20,000, it won control of a number of important trade unions, and a Communist candidate, Fred Paterson, was elected to the Queensland parliament in April 1944.

In late 1944, the party launched a campaign to get its members elected to councils. At the statewide local elections in December, a total of 16 Communist candidates won seats across six different LGAs, with its best results in Kearsley and neighbouring Cessnock.

## Results

Five Communist councillors were elected, giving the party a majority. The party's best result was in B Riding, where the Communist ticket had 74% of the vote. Both independent councillors in A Riding were re-elected unopposed.

1944 New South Wales local elections: Kearsley
| Party | | | Votes | % | Swing | Seats | Change |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Communist | | 4,149 | 52.29 | +52.29 | 5 | 5 |
|  | Independent | | 3,084 | 38.86 |  | 2 |  |
|  | Labor | | 703 | 8.85 |  | 1 |  |
| Formal votes | | | 7,936 | 100.0 |  |  |  |

### A Riding

1944 New South Wales local elections: A Riding
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Independent | A. Collins (elected) | unopposed |  |  |
|  | Independent | L. Blackwell (elected) | unopposed |  |  |

### B Riding

1944 New South Wales local elections: B Riding
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Communist | Bill Varty (elected) | 1,033 | 40.92 | +40.92 |
|  | Communist | Allan Opie (elected) | 838 | 33.20 | +33.20 |
|  | *Various independents* | | 653 | 25.88 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 2,524 | 100.0 |  |
| Party total votes | | | | | |
|  | Communist | | 1,871 | 74.12 | +74.12 |
|  | Independent | | 653 | 25.88 |  |

### C Riding

1944 New South Wales local elections: C Riding
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | *Various independents* | | 1,153 | 46.88 |  |
|  | Labor | A. Johnson (elected) | 703 | 28.57 |  |
|  | Communist | James Palmer (elected) | 604 | 24.55 | +24.55 |
| Total formal votes | | | 2,460 | 100.0 |  |
| Party total votes | | | | | |
|  | Independent | | 1,153 | 46.88 |  |
|  | Labor | | 703 | 28.57 |  |
|  | Communist | | 604 | 24.55 | +24.55 |

### D Riding

1944 New South Wales local elections: D Riding
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | *Various independents* | | 1,278 | 43.30 |  |
|  | Communist | Jock Graham (elected) | 893 | 30.25 | +30.25 |
|  | Communist | Nellie Simm (elected) | 781 | 26.45 | +26.45 |
| Total formal votes | | | 2,952 | 100.0 |  |
| Party total votes | | | | | |
|  | Communist | | 1,674 | 56.70 | +56.70 |
|  | Independent | | 1,278 | 43.30 |  |

## Aftermath

Following the election, councillors voted for William "Bill" Varty to serve as shire president. Between 1930 and 1943, prior to running as a Communist, Varty had served in the position for four (yearly) terms, along with two years as deputy president. He was also a former Australian Labor Party (ALP) and State Labor Party member.

Reacting to the election of the Communists, other councils − including Albury, Maitland, Muswellbrook and Taree − accused Kearley of "deplorable action" and "disloyalty". However, Lake Macquarie (which itself had elected three Communist councillors) co-operated with Kearsley.

After the election, the council was committed to municipal socialism, advocating nationalisation of electricity and the expansion of the social wage, and was unique for its commitment to activism around federal and international affairs.

### 1947 election

Ahead of the 1947 local elections, the state Labor government introduced compulsory voting for local elections, seen as an attempt to give them an advantage and harm the Communist Party.

Allan Opie resigned from council on 14 August 1947, and Bernard Tonner took his place as one of the candidates on the Communist ticket in B Riding.

The elections saw Communist Party councillors defeated in five LGAs, with no members re-elected in Kearsley (although their actual number of votes rose, their percent of the vote went down). Five Labor candidates, including incumbent C Riding councillor A. Johnson, were elected.

Former councillor Mary Ellen "Nellie" Simm later ran for the party at the 1950 state election in Kurri Kurri, and again at the 1951 Australian Senate election.

## InfoBox

1944 Kearsley Shire Council election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| First party Second party Third party  **IND**  **ALP**  Leader Bill Varty *N/A* A. Johnson  Party Communist Independents Labor  Seats won 5 seats 2 seats 1 seat  Popular vote 4,149 3,084 703  Percentage 52.29% 38.66% 8.85%  Swing  52.29 | |


title: Freddie Fitzsimmons

abstract: Frederick Landis Fitzsimmons was an American professional baseball right-handed pitcher, manager, and coach, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1925 to 1943 with the New York Giants and Brooklyn Dodgers. Nicknamed Fat Freddie, and known for his mastery of the knuckle curve, Fitzsimmons' 217 wins were the third most by a National League (NL) right-hander in the period from 1920 to 1955, trailing only Burleigh Grimes and Paul Derringer. In 1940 he set an NL record, which stood until 1959, with a single-season winning percentage of.889 (16–2). He was an agile fielder in spite of his heavy build, holding the major league record for career double plays (79) from 1938 to 1964, and tying another record by leading the league in putouts four times; he ranked eighth in NL history in putouts (237) and ninth in fielding percentage (.977) when his career ended.

text:
# Freddie Fitzsimmons

**Frederick Landis Fitzsimmons** (July 28, 1901 – November 18, 1979) was an American professional baseball right-handed pitcher, manager, and coach, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1925 to 1943 with the New York Giants and Brooklyn Dodgers. Nicknamed ***Fat Freddie*** (he carried as much as 205 pounds (93 kg) on his 5 feet 11 inches (1.80 m) frame), and known for his mastery of the knuckle curve, Fitzsimmons' 217 wins were the third most by a National League (NL) right-hander in the period from 1920 to 1955, trailing only Burleigh Grimes and Paul Derringer. In 1940 he set an NL record, which stood until 1959, with a single-season winning percentage of .889 (16–2). He was an agile fielder in spite of his heavy build, holding the major league record for career double plays (79) from 1938 to 1964, and tying another record by leading the league in putouts four times; he ranked eighth in NL history in putouts (237) and ninth in fielding percentage (.977) when his career ended.

## Playing career

Born in Mishawaka, Indiana, Fitzsimmons broke in with the Giants in August 1925, posting a 6–3 record over the rest of the year. After seasons of 14 and 17 wins, he earned a career-high 20 victories in 1928, a year which saw the arrival of teammate Carl Hubbell; until Fitzsimmons' departure in 1937, the two formed a formidable left-right combination at the heart of the Giants' staff. In 1930 he led the NL in winning percentage for the first time with a 19–7 record (.731), and an 18–11 season followed in 1931. In 1933, the first full season after Bill Terry took over from John McGraw as manager, he won 16 games with a 2.90 earned run average as the Giants won the NL pennant; in the 1933 World Series against the Washington Senators, he suffered a 4–0 defeat in Game 3, though it was New York's only loss as they captured their first title since 1922.

Fitzsimmons had another 18-win season in 1934, and led the NL in putouts for the fourth time, tying Grover Cleveland Alexander's major league mark. However, his career then began to plateau. He had years of 4–8 and 10–7 in 1935 and 1936, with the Giants winning the NL pennant again the latter year; he led the NL in shutouts in 1935, blanking opponents in all 4 of his victories. His troubles returned in the 1936 World Series against the New York Yankees; he lost Game 3 by a 2–1 score, and was bombarded in the final Game 6 loss, leaving in the fourth inning while trailing 5–2. After a 6–10 start in 1937, he was traded to the Dodgers in June for reliever Tom Baker, who made only 15 appearances for the Giants. Brooklyn shortstop Leo Durocher praised his new teammate's competitiveness, saying, "I wish we had nine guys like Fitz. We'd never lose." Though his record in 19381939 totaled only 18–17, in 1938 he tied Grimes' mark of 74 career double plays, passing him the following year; Warren Spahn broke his record in 1964. He came back in 1940 with a 16–2 campaign, finishing fifth in the MVP voting. His .889 winning percentage broke the NL record of .842 (16–3) shared by Tom L. Hughes (1916 Boston Braves) and Emil Yde (1924 Pittsburgh Pirates), and stood until Roy Face posted an 18–1 mark (.947) with the 1959 Pirates.

Fitzsimmons made only 12 starts in 1941, going 6–1 as the Dodgers won their first pennant since 1920. He almost earned his long-elusive World Series victory against the Yankees, holding them to four hits through seven innings in Game 3. But he was forced to leave with a 0–0 score after being struck in the kneecap by a line drive hit by Marius Russo, which caromed into Pee Wee Reese's glove to end the inning. His replacement surrendered two runs in the eighth, and New York triumphed 2–1.

Fitzsimmons compiled a 217–146 (.598) record with an ERA of 3.51 and 870 strikeouts in 513 games and 3,22323 innings pitched. According to Durocher, Fitzsimmons would tell hitters in advance that he was going to throw a brushback pitch. Offensively, he was a better than average hitting pitcher in his career. He compiled a .200 average (231–1155) with 112 runs, 103 RBI and 14 home runs. In 1930, 1931, and 1932 as a member of the New York Giants, he drove in 13, 18, and 10 runs respectively. In four World Series appearances, he batted .375 (3–8).

## Manager and coach

Following his knee injury, Fitzsimmons made only one start in 1942 and served as a coach on player-manager Durocher's staff. He then returned to the active list and made nine appearances for the 1943 Dodgers before Brooklyn released him July 27. The following day, the tail-ending Philadelphia Phillies tabbed him as their manager, replacing Bucky Harris and ending Fitzsimmons' playing career.

He managed the Phillies through the middle of the 1945 season, compiling only 105 wins against 181 losses (.367). In 1943 and 1944, he also served as general manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers in the All-America Football Conference. After World War II, Fitzsimmons became a coach with the Boston Braves (1948), Giants (19491955), Chicago Cubs (19571959; 1966), and Kansas City Athletics (1960). He also managed in minor league baseball. On Durocher's Giants staff, Fitzsimmons finally earned a championship as a coach for the 1954 World Series team.

Bob Lemon broke the major league mark shared by Fitzsimmons by leading the American League in putouts five times between 1948 and 1954; Greg Maddux eventually broke the NL record.

Fitzsimmons died of a heart attack at age 78 in Yucca Valley, California. He was buried at Montecito Memorial Park, in Colton, California.

## InfoBox

| Freddie Fitzsimmons | |
| --- | --- |
| Fitzsimmons on a 1933 Goudey baseball card | |
| **Pitcher / Manager** | |
| **Born:** (1901-07-28)July 28, 1901
Mishawaka, Indiana, U.S. | |
| **Died:** November 18, 1979(1979-11-18) (aged 78)
Yucca Valley, California, U.S. | |
| **Batted:** Right**Threw:** Right | |
| MLB debut | |
| August 12, 1925, for the New York Giants | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| July 16, 1943, for the Brooklyn Dodgers | |
| MLB statistics | |
| Win–loss record | 217–146 |
| Earned run average | 3.51 |
| Strikeouts | 870 |
|  | |
| Teams | |
| **As player** **As manager**
**As coach** | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
|  | |


title: Find me/follow me

abstract: Find Me/Follow Me refers to two technologies that, in conjunction, enable incoming phone calls to be received at different locations, on different phones. “Find Me” refers to the ability to receive incoming calls at any location. “Follow Me” refers to the ability to receive calls at any number of designated phones, whether ringing all at once, or in sequence. In some systems, the user is assigned a virtual phone number. When that number is dialed, the system routes the call through a user-defined list of numbers. The numbers may be called simultaneously or sequentially, either in a preferred order or in accordance with the user's scheduled activities and locations. If no connection is made once all numbers on the list have been called, the system may give up or route the call to voice mail. Examples Multiple phones ringing at once: A caller dials your virtual phone number. Simultaneously, your cell phone, home phone, and office phone all ring at the same time. Sequential phones ringing: A caller dials your virtual phone number. Your home phone rings first, your cell next, then your home office phone. If there is no answer on any phone, the caller can leave a voice mail message.

text:
# Find me/follow me

**Find Me/Follow Me** refers to two technologies that, in conjunction, enable incoming phone calls to be received at different locations, on different phones.

“Find Me” refers to the ability to receive incoming calls at any location. “Follow Me” refers to the ability to receive calls at any number of designated phones, whether ringing all at once, or in sequence.

In some systems, the user is assigned a virtual phone number. When that number is dialed, the system routes the call through a user-defined list of numbers. The numbers may be called simultaneously or sequentially, either in a preferred order or in accordance with the user's scheduled activities and locations. If no connection is made once all numbers on the list have been called, the system may give up or route the call to voice mail.

**Examples**

*Multiple phones ringing at once:* A caller dials your virtual phone number. Simultaneously, your cell phone, home phone, and office phone all ring at the same time.

*Sequential phones ringing:* A caller dials your virtual phone number. Your home phone rings first, your cell next, then your home office phone. If there is no answer on any phone, the caller can leave a voice mail message.


title: 2008 in women's road cycling

text:
# 2008 in women's road cycling

## UCI Road World Rankings

| Top-ranked individual | Second-ranked individual | Third-ranked individual | Top-ranked team | Top-ranked nation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Marianne Vos (NED)
Team DSB Bank | Judith Arndt (GER)
Team Columbia Women | Ina Teutenberg (GER)
Team Columbia Women | Team Columbia Women | Germany |

## World Championships

| Race | Date | Winner | Second | Third |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| World Championship Time Trial | September | Amber Neben (USA) | Christiane Soeder (AUT) | Judith Arndt (GER) |
| World Championship Road Race | September | Nicole Cooke (GBR) | Marianne Vos (NED) | Judith Arndt (GER) |

## Olympic Games

| Race | Date | Winner | Second | Third |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Olympic Games Road Race | August 10 | Nicole Cooke (GBR) | Emma Johansson (SWE) | Tatiana Guderzo (ITA) |
| Olympic Games Time Trial | August 13 | Kristin Armstrong (USA) | Emma Pooley (GBR) | Karin Thürig (SUI) |

## UCI World Cup

|  | Date | Race | Country | Winner | Team |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| #1 | 24 February | Geelong World Cup | Australia | Katheryn Mattis (USA) | Webcor Builders Cycling Team |
| #2 | 24 March | Trofeo Alfredo Binda-Comune di Cittiglio | Italy | Emma Pooley (GBR) | Team Specialized Designs for Women |
| #3 | 6 April | Tour of Flanders for Women | Belgium | Judith Arndt (GER) | Team High Road Women |
| #4 | 12 April | Ronde van Drenthe | Netherlands | Chantal Beltman (NED) | Team High Road Women |
| #5 | 23 April | La Flèche Wallonne Féminine | Belgium | Marianne Vos (NED) | DSB Bank |
| #6 | 4 May | Tour de Berne | Switzerland | Susanne Ljungskog (SWE) | Menikini–Selle Italia |
| #7 | 31 May | Coupe du Monde Cycliste Féminine de Montréal | Canada | Judith Arndt (GER) | Team High Road Women |
| #8 | 30 July | Open de Suède Vårgårda | Sweden | Kori Kelley Seehafer (USA) | Menikini–Selle Italia |
| #9 | 1 August | Open de Suède Vårgårda TTT | Sweden | Priska Doppmann (SUI)
Karin Thürig (SUI)
Christiane Soeder (AUT)
Carla Ryan (AUS) | Cervélo–Lifeforce Pro Cycling Team |
| #10 | 24 August | GP de Plouay – Bretagne | France | Fabiana Luperini (ITA) | Menikini–Selle Italia |
| #11 | 16 September | Rund um die Nürnberger Altstadt | Germany | Judith Arndt (GER) | Team Columbia Women |

## Single day races (1.1 and 1.2)

| Race | Date | Cat. |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Copa América de Ciclismo | January 6 | 1.2 |
| Gran Premio Brissag Lago Maggiore | March 8 | 1.2 |
| GP Comune di Cornaredo | March 9 | 1.2 |
| Omloop Het Volk / Circuit Het Volk | March 16 | 1.2 |
| GP Cosat Etrusca-Giro dei comuni Montescudaio-Riparbella | March 29 | 1.2 |
| Klasyczny-Naleczow | March 30 | 1.2 |
| GP Costa Etrusca-Giro dei comuni Castellina M.MA-Santa Luce | March 30 | 1.2 |
| Grand Prix de Dottignies | April 7 | 1.2 |
| Drentse 8 van Dwingeloo | April 10 | 1.1 |
| Novilon Eurocup Ronde van Drenthe | April 13 | 1.1 |
| Ronde van Gelderland | April 19 | 1.2 |
| Trofeo Ciudad de Sevilla | April 20 | 1.2 |
| Tour of Chongming Island Time Trial | April 25 | 1.2 |
| GP Liberazione | April 25 | 1.2 |
| Omloop van Borsele | April 26 | 1.2 |
| Grand Prix Elsy Jacobs | April 26 | 1.2 |
| GP Stad Roeselare | April 27 | 1.2 |
| Grand Prix de Suisse / Souvenir Magali Pache | May 2 | 1.1 |
| Majowy Wyscig Klasyczny - Lublin | May 3 | 1.2 |
| Clasico Aniversario de la Federacion Venezolana de Ciclismo | May 3 | 1.2 |
| Copa Federacion Venezolana de Ciclismo, Corre Por La Vida | May 4 | 1.2 |
| Grand Prix de Santa Ana | May 15 | 1.1 |
| Tour de Leelanau | May 25 | 1.2 |
| Omloop Door Middag-Humsterland | June 7 | 1.2 |
| Therme kasseienomloop | June 8 | 1.2 |
| Commerce Bank Liberty Classic | June 8 | 1.1 |
| GP Carnevale d'Europa | July 19 | 1.2 |
| Sparkassen Giro | August 3 | 1.1 |
| Holland Hills Classic | August 10 | 1.2 |
| Züri-Metzgete | September 7 | 1.1 |
| Memorial Davide Fardelli - Cronometro Individuale | September 7 | 1.2 |
| Chrono Champenois - Trophée Européen | September 14 | 1.1 |
| Grand Prix de France | September 28 | 1.2 |
| Chrono des Nations Les Herbiers Vendée | October 19 | 1.1 |

Source

## Stage races (2.1 and 2.2)

| Race | Date | Cat. |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Geelong Tour | February 21–22 | 2.2 |
| Women's Tour of New Zealand | February 27 – March 2 | 2.2 |
| Wyscig Etapowy – Zamosc | April 11–13 | 2.2 |
| Tour of Chongming Island | April 26–29 | 2.2 |
| Gracia–Orlová | May 1–4 | 2.2 |
| Mt. Hood Cycling Classic | May 13–18 | 2.2 |
| Tour de l'Aude Cycliste Féminin | May 16-25 | 2.2 |
| Vuelta Ciclista Femenina a El Salvador | May 16-21 | 2.2 |
| Tour de Pologne Feminin | May 22–24 | 2.2 |
| Vuelta a Occidente | May 23–25 | 2.2 |
| Tour du Grand Montréal | June 2–5 | 2.1 |
| Tour de Pei | June 8–12 | 2.2 |
| Iurreta-Emakumeen Bira | June 12–15 | 2.1 |
| Grande Boucle Féminine Internationale | June 17–22 | 2.2 |
| Rabo Ster Zeeuwsche Eilanden | June 19–21 | 2.2 |
| Giro del Trentino Alto Adige-Südtirol | June 20–22 | 2.1 |
| Giro d'Italia Femminile | July 5–13 | 2.1 |
| Tour de Feminin – Krásná Lípa | July 10–13 | 2.2 |
| Tour de Bretagne Féminin | July 17–20 | 2.2 |
| International Thüringen Rundfahrt der Frauen | July 22–27 | 2.1 |
| Tour Féminin en Limousin | July 24–27 | 2.2 |
| Route de France Féminine | August 10–17 | 2.1 |
| Albstadt-Frauen-Etappenrennen | August 22–24 | 2.2 |
| Trophée d'Or Féminin | August 26–30 | 2.2 |
| Holland Ladies Tour | September 2–7 | 2.2 |
| Tour Cycliste Féminin International Ardèche | September 9–13 | 2.2 |
| Giro della Toscana Int. Femminile – Memorial Michela Fanini | September 16–21 | 2.1 |

Source

## Continental Championships

### African Championship

| Race | Date | Winner | Second | Third |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Individual time trial | November 9, 2007 | Lynette Burger (RSA) | Yolandi Du Toit (RSA) | Aurelie Halbwachs (MRI) |
| Road race | November 11, 2007 | Marissa van der Merwe (RSA) | Lynette Burger (RSA) | Yolandi Du Toit (RSA) |

### Asian Championships

| Race | Date | Winner | Second | Third |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Individual time trial | September 14 | Li Meifang (CHN) | Liu Yongli (CHN) | Mayuko Hagiwara (JPN) |
| Road race | September 15 | Gao Min (CHN) | Miho Oki (JPN) | Choi Hye-Kyeong (KOR) |

### European Championships (under-23)

| Race | Date | Winner | Second | Third |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Time trial (under-23) | July 3 | Ellen van Dijk (NED) | Svitlana Halyuk (UKR) | Lesya Kalytovska (UKR) |
| Road race (under-23) | July 5 | Rasa Leleivytė (LTU) | Lesya Kalytovska (UKR) | Marta Bastianelli (ITA) |

### Oceania Championships

| Race | Date | Winner | Second | Third |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Individual time trial | 14 November 2007 | Bridie O'Donnell (AUS) | Dale Tye (NZL) | Rachel Mercer (NZL) |
| Road race | 18 November 2007 | Rochelle Gilmore (AUS) | Joanne Kiesanowski (NZL) | Emma Crum (NZL) |

### Pan-American Championships

| Race | Date | Winner | Second | Third |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Individual time trial | May 9 | Ana Paola Madriñan Villegas (COL) | Giuseppina Grassi Herrera (MEX) | Kori Kelley-Seehafer (USA) |
| Road race | May 11 | Yumari González (CUB) | Karelia Judith Machado Jaimes (VEN) | Belem Guerrero Méndez (MEX) |

## National Championships

## UCI teams


title: Ezekiel Cornell

abstract: Ezekiel Cornell was a Revolutionary War general who represented Rhode Island in the U.S. Continental Congress from 1780 to 1782.

text:
# Ezekiel Cornell

**Ezekiel Cornell** (27 March, 1733  April 25, 1800) was a Revolutionary War general who represented Rhode Island in the U.S. Continental Congress from 1780 to 1782.

## Early life

Ezekiel Cornell was born on March 27, 1733 in Dartmouth, Massachusetts to Richard Cornell and Content Brownell. He was a descendant of Thomas Cornell. Ezekiel Cornell married Rachel Wood of Little Compton on March 25, 1760, and they had two surviving children, Ezra and Rhoda. Cornell attended the public schools and was employed as a mechanic. Cornell served as Scituate's town meeting moderator in 1768, 1781 and 1785 and as a Deputy (Representative) from Scituate to the General Assembly in 1772, 1774 and 1775.

In August 1774 he was commissioned as the colonel of the 3rd Providence County Regiment of the Rhode Island Militia.

## Revolutionary War service

During the American Revolution Cornell, nicknamed "Old Snarl," was appointed lieutenant colonel in Hitchcock's Regiment in April 1775 and was present at the Siege of Boston. The unit and fought at Bunker Hill in June 1775 and was taken into the Continental Army when General George Washington arrived in July to take command. Following the British evacuation of Boston in March 1776, the army was redeployed to Long Island in September 1776.

On Long Island he occupied the former British controlled St. George's Episcopal Church (Hempstead, New York), which had been founded by relatives of Cornell including his cousin William Cornell, and was a hotbed of Tory sentiment, and Cornell sought to root out Loyalists. Cornell "converted the Episcopal Church into a store house, forbid the parson to pray for the King or any of the Royal Family and made use of the communion table as a convenience for his Yankees to eat upon."

Cornell was part of the Continental Army contingent, dispatched by General Nathaniel Greene that arrested Loyalist Mayor of New York David Mathews on June 22, 1776, on suspicion of Mathews' participation in the plot by Thomas Hickey to kill General George Washington.

Cornell left Hempstead sometime before August 1776. On October 1, 1776, Cornell was appointed Deputy Adjutant General of the Continental Army. Cornell resigned from the Continental Army in December 1776 and returned to Rhode Island.

Cornell was appointed brigadier general of Rhode Island state troops on December 1, 1777, and served until March 16, 1780. He commanded a brigade of state troops consisting of two infantry regiments of eight companies each and an artillery regiment of four batteries. Cornell played an active role at the Battle of Rhode Island in 1778.

## Continental Congress service

Cornell served as a member of the Continental Congress from 1780 until 1782 and chaired the military committee. After his service in Congress, he retired to his farm at Scituate, Rhode Island.

Ezekiel Cornell died in Milford, Massachusetts on April 25, 1800. His site of burial is unknown.

## InfoBox

| Ezekiel Cornell | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | March 27, 1733
Dartmouth, Massachusetts, British America |
| Died | April 25, 1800
Milford, Massachusetts, U.S. |
| Signature | |
|  | |


title: Eulimella carminae

abstract: Eulimella carminae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

text:
# Eulimella carminae

***Eulimella carminae*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the following locations:

## InfoBox

| *Eulimella carminae* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Family: | Pyramidellidae |
| Genus: | *Eulimella* |
| Species: | ***E. carminae*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Eulimella carminae***<br>(Peñas & Micali, 1999) | |
|


title: Epiecia

abstract: Epiecia is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. It contains only one species, Epiecia externella, which is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland.

text:
# Epiecia

***Epiecia*** is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. It contains only one species, ***Epiecia externella***, which is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland.

## InfoBox

| *Epiecia* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Crambidae |
| Subfamily: | Pyraustinae |
| Genus: | *Epiecia*
Walker, 1866 |
| Species: | ***E. externella*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Epiecia externella***
Walker, 1866 | |
|


title: Entropic vector

abstract:
The entropic vector or entropic function is a concept arising in information theory. It represents the possible values of Shannon's information entropy that subsets of one set of random variables may take. Understanding which vectors are entropic is a way to represent all possible inequalities between entropies of various subsets. For example, for any two random variables X 1, X 2, their joint entropy is at most the sum of the entropies of X 1 and of X 2 :
  - H ≤ H + H Other information-theoretic measures such as conditional information, mutual information, or total correlation can be expressed in terms of joint entropy and are thus related by the corresponding inequalities.
Many inequalities satisfied by entropic vectors can be derived as linear combinations of a few basic ones, called Shannon-type inequalities.
However, it has been proven that already for n = 4 variables, no finite set of linear inequalities is sufficient to characterize all entropic vectors.

text:
# Entropic vector

The **entropic vector** or **entropic function** is a concept arising in information theory. It represents the possible values of Shannon's information entropy that subsets of one set of random variables may take. Understanding which vectors are entropic is a way to represent all possible inequalities between entropies of various subsets. For example, for any two random variables $X\_{1},X\_{2}$, their joint entropy (the entropy of the random variable representing the pair $X\_{1},X\_{2}$) is at most the sum of the entropies of $X\_{1}$ and of $X\_{2}$:

$$H(X\_{1},X\_{2})\leq H(X\_{1})+H(X\_{2})$$

Other information-theoretic measures such as conditional information, mutual information, or total correlation can be expressed in terms of joint entropy and are thus related by the corresponding inequalities. Many inequalities satisfied by entropic vectors can be derived as linear combinations of a few basic ones, called *Shannon-type inequalities*. However, it has been proven that already for $n=4$ variables, no finite set of linear inequalities is sufficient to characterize all entropic vectors.

## Definition

Shannon's information entropy of a random variable $X$ is denoted $H(X)$. For a tuple of random variables $X\_{1},X\_{2},\ldots ,X\_{n}$, we denote the joint entropy of a subset $X\_{1},X\_{2},\dots ,X\_{k}$ as $H(X\_{1},X\_{2},\dots ,X\_{k})$, or more concisely as $H(X\_{I})$, where $I=\\{i\_{1},i\_{2},\dots ,i\_{k}\\}$. Here $X\_{I}$ can be understood as the random variable representing the tuple $(X\_{1},X\_{2},\dots ,X\_{k})$. For the empty subset $I=\emptyset $, $X\_{I}$ denotes a deterministic variable with entropy 0.

A vector *h* in $\mathbb {R} ^{2^{n}}$ indexed by subsets of $\\{1,2,\dots ,n\\}$ is called an *entropic vector* of order $n$ if there exists a tuple of random variables $X\_{1},X\_{2},\ldots ,X\_{n}$ such that $h(I)=H(X\_{I})$ for each subset $I\subseteq \\{1,2,\dots ,n\\}$.

The set of all entropic vectors of order $n$ is denoted by $\Gamma \_{n}^{\*}$. Zhang and Yeung proved that it is not closed (for $n\geq 3$), but its closure, $\bar {\Gamma \_{n}^{\*}}$, is a convex cone and hence characterized by the (infinitely many) linear inequalities it satisfies. Describing the region $\bar {\Gamma \_{n}^{\*}}$ is thus equivalent to characterizing all possible inequalities on joint entropies.

## Example

Let *X*,*Y* be two independent random variables with discrete uniform distribution over the set $\\{0,1\\}$. Then

$$H(X)=H(Y)=1$$

(since each is uniformly distributed over a two-element set), and

$$H(X,Y)=H(X)+H(Y)=2$$

(since the two variables are independent, which means the pair $(X\_{1},X\_{2})$ is uniformly distributed over $(0,0),(0,1),(1,0),(1,1)$.) The corresponding entropic vector is thus:

$v=(0,1,1,2)^{\mathsf {T}\in \Gamma \_{2}^{\*}}$

On the other hand, the vector $(0,1,1,3)^{\mathsf {T}}$ is not entropic (that is, $(0,1,1,3)^{\mathsf {T}\not \in \Gamma \_{2}^{\*}}$), because any pair of random variables (independent or not) should satisfy $H(X,Y)\leq H(X)+H(Y)$.

## Characterizing entropic vectors: the region Γ*n**

### Shannon-type inequalities and Γ*n*

For a tuple of random variables $X\_{1},X\_{2},\ldots ,X\_{n}$, their entropies satisfy:

$$1)\quad H(X\_{\emptyset })=0$$

$2)\quad H(X\_{I})\leq H(X\_{J})$,     for any $I\subseteq J\subseteq \\{1,\dots ,n\\}$

In particular, $H(X\_{I})\geq 0$, for any $I\subseteq \\{1,\dots ,n\\}$.

The **Shannon inequality** says that an entropic vector is submodular:

$3)\quad H(X\_{I})+H(X\_{J})\geq H(X\_{I\cup J})+H(X\_{I\cap J})$,     for any $I,J\subseteq \\{1,\dots ,n\\}$

It is equivalent to the inequality stating that the conditional mutual information is non-negative:

$$\begin{aligned}I(X;Y\mid Z)&=H(X\mid Z)-H(X\mid Y,Z)\\\&=H(X\mid Z)+H(Y\mid Z)-H(X,Y\mid Z)\\\&=H(X,Z)+H(Y,Z)-H(X,Y,Z)-H(Z)\\\&\geq 0\end{aligned}$$

(For one direction, observe this the last form expresses Shannon's inequality for subsets $X,Z$ and $Y,Z$ of the tuple $X,Y,Z$; for the other direction, substitute $X=X\_{I}$, $Y=X\_{J}$, $Z=X\_{I\cap J}$).

Many inequalities can be derived as linear combinations of Shannon inequalities; they are called **Shannon-type inequalities** or *basic information inequalities* of Shannon's information measures. The set of vectors that satisfies them is called $\Gamma \_{n}$; it contains $\Gamma \_{n}^{\*}$.

Software has been developed to automate the task of proving Shannon-type inequalities. Given an inequality, such software is able to determine whether the given inequality is a valid Shannon-type inequality (i.e., whether it contains the cone $\Gamma \_{n}$).

### Non-Shannon-type inequalities

The question of whether Shannon-type inequalities are the only ones, that is, whether they completely characterize the region $\Gamma \_{n}^{\*}$, was first asked by Te Su Han in 1981 and more precisely by Nicholas Pippenger in 1986. It is not hard to show that this is true for two variables, that is, $\Gamma \_{2}^{\*}=\Gamma \_{2}$. For three variables, Zhang and Yeung proved that $\Gamma \_{3}^{\*}\neq \Gamma \_{3}$; however, it is still asymptotically true, meaning that the closure is equal: $\overline {\Gamma \_{3}^{\*}=\Gamma \_{3}}$. In 1998, Zhang and Yeung showed that $\overline {\Gamma \_{n}^{\*}\neq \Gamma \_{n}}$ for all $n\geq 4$, by proving that the following inequality on four random variables (in terms of conditional mutual information) is true for any entropic vector, but is not Shannon-type:

$$2I(X\_{3};X\_{4})\leq I(X\_{1};X\_{2})+I(X\_{1};X\_{3},X\_{4})+3I(X\_{3};X\_{4}|X\_{1})+I(X\_{3};X\_{4}|X\_{2})$$

Further inequalities and infinite families of inequalities have been found. These inequalities provide outer bounds for $\overline {\Gamma \_{n}^{\*}}$ better than the Shannon-type bound $\Gamma \_{n}$. In 2007, Matus proved that no finite set of linear inequalities is sufficient (to deduce all as linear combinations), for $n\geq 4$ variables. In other words, the region $\overline {\Gamma \_{4}^{\*}}$ is not polyhedral. Whether they can be characterized in some other way (allowing to effectively decide whether a vector is entropic or not) remains an open problem.

Analogous questions for von Neumann entropy in quantum information theory have been considered.

### Inner bounds

Some inner bounds of $\overline {\Gamma \_{n}^{\*}}$ are also known. One example is that $\overline {\Gamma \_{4}^{\*}}$ contains all vectors in $\Gamma \_{4}$ which additionally satisfy the following inequality (and those obtained by permuting variables), known as **Ingleton's inequality for entropy**:

$I(X\_{1};X\_{2})+I(X\_{3};X\_{4}\mid X\_{1})+I(X\_{3};X\_{4}\mid X\_{2})-I(X\_{3};X\_{4})\geq 0$

## Entropy and groups

### Group-characterizable vectors and quasi-uniform distributions

Consider a group $G$ and subgroups $G\_{1},G\_{2},\dots ,G\_{n}$ of $G$. Let $G\_{I}$ denote $\bigcap \_{i\in I}G\_{i}$ for $I\subseteq \\{1,\dots ,n\\}$; this is also a subgroup of $G$. It is possible to construct a probability distribution for $n$ random variables $X\_{1},\dots ,X\_{n}$ such that

$H(X\_{I})=\log {\frac {|G|}{|G\_{I}|}}$.

(The construction essentially takes an element $a$ of $G$ uniformly at random and lets $X\_{i}$ be the corresponding coset $aG\_{i}$). Thus any information-theoretic inequality implies a group-theoretic one. For example, the basic inequality $H(X,Y)\leq H(X)+H(Y)$ implies that

$$|G|\cdot |G\_{1}\cap G\_{2}|\geq |G\_{1}|\cdot |G\_{2}|.$$

It turns out the converse is essentially true. More precisely, a vector is said to be *group-characterizable* if it can be obtained from a tuple of subgroups as above. The set of group-characterizable vectors is denoted $\Upsilon ^{n}$. As said above, $\Upsilon ^{n}\subseteq \Gamma \_{n}^{\*}$. On the other hand, $\Gamma \_{n}^{\*}$ (and thus $\overline {\Gamma \_{n}^{\*}}$) is contained in the topological closure of the convex closure of $\Upsilon ^{n}$. In other words, a linear inequality holds for all entropic vectors if and only if it holds for all vectors $h$ of the form $h\_{I}=\log {\frac {|G|}{|G\_{I}|}}$, where $I$ goes over subsets of some tuple of subgroups $G\_{1},G\_{2},\dots ,G\_{n}$ in a group $G$.

Group-characterizable vectors that come from an abelian group satisfy Ingleton's inequality.

## Kolmogorov complexity

Kolmogorov complexity satisfies essentially the same inequalities as entropy. Namely, denote the Kolmogorov complexity of a finite string $x$ as $K(x)$ (that is, the length of the shortest program that outputs $x$). The joint complexity of two strings $x,y$, defined as the complexity of an encoding of the pair $\langle x,y\rangle $, can be denoted $K(x,y)$. Similarly, the conditional complexity can be denoted $K(x|y)$ (the length of the shortest program that outputs $x$ given $y$). Andrey Kolmogorov noticed these notions behave similarly to Shannon entropy, for example:

$$K(a)+K(b)\geq K(a,b)-O(\log |a|+\log |b|)$$

In 2000, Hammer et al. proved that indeed an inequality holds for entropic vectors if and only if the corresponding inequality in terms of Kolmogorov complexity holds up to logarithmic terms for all tuples of strings.

1. Zhang, Z.; Yeung, R.W. (1997). "A Non-Shannon-Type Conditional Inequality of Information Quantities". *IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory*. **43** (6): 1982–1986. doi:10.1109/18.641561.
2. Zhang, Z.; Yeung, R.W. (1998). "On Characterization of Entropy Function via Information Inequalities". *IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory*. **44** (4): 1440–1452. doi:10.1109/18.681320.
3. Yeung, R.W.; Yan, Y.O. (1996). "ITIP - Information Theoretic Inequality Prover".
4. Pulikkoonattu, R.; E.Perron, E.; S.Diggavi, S. (2007). "Xitip - Information Theoretic Inequalities Prover".
5. Kaced, Tarik (2013). *Equivalence of Two Proof Techniques for Non-Shannon-type Inequalities*. 2013 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory. arXiv:1302.2994.
6. Yeung. *A First Course in Information Theory*, Theorem 14.7
7. Dougherty, R.; Freiling, C.; Zeger, K. (2006). *Six New Non-Shannon Information Inequalities*. 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory.
8. Matus, F. (1999). "Conditional independences among four random variables III: Final conclusion". *Combinatorics, Probability and Computing*. **8** (3): 269–276. doi:10.1017/s0963548399003740. S2CID 121634597.
9. Makarychev, K.; et al. (2002). "A new class of non-Shannon-type inequalities for entropies". *Communications in Information and Systems*. **2** (2): 147–166. doi:10.4310/cis.2002.v2.n2.a3.
10. Zhang, Z. (2003). "On a new non-Shannon-type information inequality". *Communications in Information and Systems*. **3** (1): 47–60. doi:10.4310/cis.2003.v3.n1.a4.
11. Matus, F. (2007). *Infinitely many information inequalities*. 2007 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory.
12. Linden; Winter (2005). "A New Inequality for the von Neumann Entropy". *Commun. Math. Phys*. **259** (1): 129–138. arXiv:quant-ph/0406162. Bibcode:2005CMaPh.259..129L. doi:10.1007/s00220-005-1361-2. S2CID 13279358.
13. Yeung. *A First Course in Information Theory*, p. 386
14. Yeung. *A First Course in Information Theory*, Theorem 16.16
15. Yeung. *A First Course in Information Theory*, Theorem 16.22
16. Hammer; Romashchenko; Shen; Vereshchagin (2000). "Inequalities for Shannon Entropy and Kolmogorov Complexity". *Journal of Computer and System Sciences*. **60** (2): 442–464. doi:10.1006/jcss.1999.1677.
* Thomas M. Cover, Joy A. Thomas. *Elements of information theory* New York: Wiley, 1991. ISBN 0-471-06259-6
* Raymond Yeung. *A First Course in Information Theory*, Chapter 12, *Information Inequalities*, 2002, Print ISBN 0-306-46791-7


title: 1984–85 Galatasaray S.K. season

abstract: The 1984–85 season was Galatasaray's 81st in existence and the 27th consecutive season in the 1. Lig. This article shows statistics of the club's players in the season, and also lists all matches that the club have played in the season.

text:
# 1984–85 Galatasaray S.K. season

The **1984–85 season** was **Galatasaray'**s 81st in existence and the 27th consecutive season in the 1. Lig. This article shows statistics of the club's players in the season, and also lists all matches that the club have played in the season.

## Squad statistics

| No. | Pos. | Name | 1. Lig | | Türkiye Kupası | | Süper Kupa | | Total | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| - | GK | Zoran Simović | 28 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 39 | 0 |
| - | GK | Haydar Erdoğan | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
| - | DF | Fatih Terim *(C)* | 30 | 0 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 39 | 3 |
| - | DF | Ahmet Ceyhan | 23 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 32 | 0 |
| - | DF | İsmail Demiriz | 33 | 0 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 43 | 1 |
| - | DF | Semih Yuvakuran | 22 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 30 | 0 |
| - | DF | Cüneyt Tanman | 31 | 2 | 10 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 42 | 2 |
| - | DF | Halil İbrahim Akçay | 13 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 17 | 0 |
| - | DF | Sefer Karaer | 7 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
| - | DF | Yusuf Altıntaş | 19 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26 | 1 |
| - | DF | Raşit Çetiner | 28 | 3 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 37 | 4 |
| - | MF | Adnan Esen | 30 | 2 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 42 | 3 |
| - | MF | Mustafa Ergücü | 10 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 |
| - | MF | Metin Yıldız | 7 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 |
| - | FW | Bülent Alkılıç | 26 | 2 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 36 | 4 |
| - | FW | Barbaros Erdem | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| - | FW | Rıza Tuyuran | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| - | FW | Ayhan Akbin | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| - | FW | Hakan Çarkacı | 11 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 1 |
| - | FW | Burak Dilmen | 29 | 3 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 36 | 6 |
| - | FW | Levent Erköse | 16 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 7 |
| - | FW | Rüdiger Abramczik | 30 | 9 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 40 | 10 |
| - | FW | Erdal Keser | 22 | 9 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 28 | 10 |
|

### Players in / out

#### In

| Pos. | Nat. | Name | Age | Moving from |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| GK |  | Zoran Simović | 30 | Hajduk Split |
| DF |  | İsmail Demiriz | 22 | Gençlerbirliği SK |
| DF |  | Yusuf Altıntaş | 23 | Kocaelispor |
| DF |  | Semih Yuvakuran | 21 | Bursaspor |
| FW |  | Rüdiger Abramczik | 28 | 1. FC Nürnberg |
| FW |  | Erdal Keser | 23 | Borussia Dortmund |
| FW |  | Rıza Tuyuran | 24 | Fatih Karagümrük SK |
| FW |  | Burak Dilmen | 21 | Samsunspor |
| FW |  | Levent Erköse | 25 | Trabzonspor |
|

#### Out

| Pos. | Nat. | Name | Age | Moving to |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| FW |  | Mustafa Denizli | 35 | Career end |
| FW |  | Tarik Hodžić | 33 | Sarıyer G.K. |
| MF |  | Mirsad Sejdić | 31 | Bursaspor |
| GK |  | Eser Özaltındere | 30 | Sakaryaspor |
| FW |  | Sinan Turhan | 26 | Sakaryaspor |
| MF |  | Ahmet Keloğlu | 22 | Kocaelispor |
| DF |  | Abdülfettah Dindar | 29 | Tarsus İdman Yurdu |
| FW |  | Ayhan Akbin | 29 | Zonguldakspor |
| FW |  | Öner Kılıç | 30 | Denizlispor |  |

## 1. Lig

### Standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 3 | Trabzonspor | 34 | 14 | 14 | 6 | 38 | 26 | +12 | 42 | Invitation to Balkans Cup |
| 4 | MKE Ankaragücü | 34 | 12 | 14 | 8 | 33 | 27 | +6 | 38 |  |
| 5 | Galatasaray | 34 | 11 | 14 | 9 | 34 | 28 | +6 | 36 | Qualification to Cup Winners' Cup first round |
| 6 | Sakaryaspor | 34 | 14 | 8 | 12 | 44 | 39 | +5 | 36 |  |
| 7 | Kocaelispor | 34 | 11 | 12 | 11 | 30 | 31 | 1 | | 34 |

Source:
Rules for classification: 1) points; 2) goal difference; 3) number of goals scored.

### Matches

*Kick-off listed in local time (EET)*

| 26 August 1984 1 | **Galatasaray SK** | **0–1** | **Denizlispor** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 17:00 EET |  | (Report) | Mehmet Hacıoğlu  18' | Stadium: Fenerbahçe Stadı
Attendance: 21,999
Referee: Nihat Gülşen |

| 1 September 1984 2 | **Galatasaray SK** | **2–1** | **Malatyaspor** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 17:00 EET | Erdal Keser  23'
Levent Erköse  34' | (Report) | Levent Numanoğlu  87' | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Attendance: 39,315
Referee: Yavuz Karaozan |

| 9 September 1984 3 | **Eskişehirspor** | **3–0** | **Galatasaray SK** | Eskişehir |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:30 EET | Ahmet Kılıç  23'
Zafer Tüzün  32'
Erdoğan Koç  85' | (Report) |  | Stadium: Atatürk Stadı
Referee: Necmi Temizel |

| 16 September 1984 4 | **Antalyaspor** | **0–3** | **Galatasaray SK** | Antalya |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:30 EET |  | (Report) | Rüdigar Abramczik  69'
Mustafa Ergücü  79'
Burak Dilmen  85' | Stadium: Atatürk Stadı
Referee: Çoşkun Kutay |

| 22 September 1984 5 | **Galatasaray SK** | **1–1** | **Ankaragücü** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:30 EET | Cüneyt Tanman  2' | (Report) | Halil İbrahm Eren  50' | Stadium: Fenerbahçe Stadı
Attendance: 28,567
Referee: İhsan Türe |

| 30 September 1984 6 | **Galatasaray SK** | **1–1** | **Fenerbahçe SK** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:30 EET | Erdal Keser  42' | (Report) | Dusan Pesic  61' | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Attendance: 41,227
Referee: Ayhan Köseoğlu |

| 7 October 1984 7 | **Bursaspor** | **1–1** | **Galatasaray SK** | Bursa |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:30 EET | Mirsad Sejdic  37' | (Report) | Burak Dilmen  58' | Stadium: Atatürk Stadı
Referee: Talat Tokat |

| 14 October 1984 8 | **Galatasaray SK** | **0–0** | **Sakaryaspor** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:30 EET |  | (Report) |  | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Attendance: 30,709
Referee: Ahmet Akçay |

| 21 October 1984 9 | **Beşiktaş JK** | **1–3** | **Galatasaray SK** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:30 EET | Dževad Šećerbegović  77' | (Report) | Erdal Keser  27', 35'
Rüdigar Abramczik  27' | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Attendance: 31,532
Referee: Yalçın Darıcı |

| 4 November 1984 10 | **Boluspor** | **0–0** | **Galatasaray SK** | Bolu |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 13:00 EET |  | (Report) |  | Stadium: Bolu Şehir Stadı
Referee: Çoşkun Evin |

| 17 November 1984 11 | **Galatasaray SK** | **2–0** | **Orduspor** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14:00 EET | Rüdigar Abramczik  6'
Erdal Keser  84' | (Report) |  | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Attendance: 21,239
Referee: Şeref Kurtdemir |

| 25 November 1984 12 | **Galatasaray SK** | **2–1** | **Sarıyer G.K.** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14:00 EET | Adnan Esen  49'
Raşit Çetiner  89' | (Report) | Rıdvan Dilmen  46' | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Referee: Yusuf Namoğlu |

| 2 December 1984 13 | **Trabzonspor** | **1–0** | **Galatasaray SK** | Trabzon |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 12:30 EET | Kemal Serdar  9' | (Report) |  | Stadium: Hüseyin Avni Aker Stadı
Referee: İbrahim Acar |

| 8 December 1984 14 | **Galatasaray SK** | **1–1** | **Zonguldakspor** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 13:00 EET | Levent Erköse  59' | (Report) | Muzaffer Badalıoğlu  88' | Stadium: Fenerbahçe Stadı
Attendance: 15,604
Referee: Talat Tokat |

| 16 December 1984 15 | **Kocaelispor** | **1–0** | **Galatasaray SK** | Izmit |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 13:00 EET | Senad Ibric  40' | (Report) |  | Stadium: İsmet Paşa Stadium
Referee: Sadık Deda |

| 23 December 1984 16 | **Galatasaray SK** | **2–1** | **Gençlerbirliği SK** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 13:00 EET | Rüdigar Abramczik  67'
Raşit Çetiner  86' | (Report) | Osman Özdemir  5' | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Referee: Ahmet Akçay |

| 30 December 1984 17 | **Altay SK** | **0–1** | **Galatasaray SK** | İzmir |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 13:00 EET |  | (Report) | Rüdigar Abramczik  78' | Stadium: Atatürk Stadı
Attendance: 22,151
Referee: Çoşkun Kutay |

| 20 January 1985 18 | **Denizlispor** | **0–0** | **Galatasaray SK** | Denizli |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14:00 EET |  | (Report) |  | Stadium: Atatürk Stadı
Referee: Oğuz Sarvan |

| 27 January 1985 19 | **Malatyaspor** | **0–0** | **Galatasaray SK** | Malatya |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 13:30 EET |  | (Report) |  | Stadium: Malatya İnönü Stadı
Referee: İlyas Ayan |

| 2 February 1985 20 | **Galatasaray SK** | **3–1** | **Eskişehirspor** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14:00 EET | Erdal Keser  4', 10'
Burak Dilmen  67' | (Report) | Burhanettin Beadini  60' | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Attendance: 20,445
Referee: İbrahim Acar |

| 10 February 1985 21 | **Galatasaray SK** | **1–2** | **Antalyaspor** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14:00 EET | Rüdigar Abramczik  19' | (Report) | Fuat Yaman  2'
Haluk Çınar  57' | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Attendance: 29,268
Referee: Hamza Alan |

| 17 February 1985 22 | **MKE Ankaragücü** | **1–0** | **Galatasaray SK** | Ankara |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14:00 EET | Halil İbrahim Eren  13' | (Report) |  | Stadium: Ankara 19 Mayıs Stadı
Attendance: 12,069
Referee: Hasan Ceylan |

| 3 March 1985 23 | **Fenerbahçe SK** | **2–2** | **Galatasaray SK** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 EET | Hasan Özdemir  20'
Selçuk Yula  71 p' | (Report) | Cüneyt Tanman  7'
Yusuf Altıntaş  71' | Stadium: Fenerbahçe Stadı
Attendance: 30,360
Referee: Özcan Oal |

| 9 March 1985 24 | **Galatasaray SK** | **1–2** | **Bursaspor** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 EET | Erdal Keser  67' | (Report) | Cemal Vardar  16'
Mirsad Sejdic  60' | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Attendance: 19,972
Referee: Çoşkun Kutay |

| 17 March 1985 25 | **Sakaryaspor** | **0–1** | **Galatasaray SK** | Adapazarı |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 EET |  | (Report) | Bülent Alkılıç  82' | Stadium: Adapazarı Atatürk Stadı
Referee: Ali İhsan Papatya |

| 24 March 1985 26 | **Galatasaray SK** | **0–0** | **Beşiktaş JK** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 EET |  | (Report) |  | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Attendance: 20,857
Referee: Çoşkun Kutay |

| 6 April 1985 27 | **Galatasaray SK** | **0–0** | **Boluspor** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 EET |  | (Report) |  | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Attendance: 9,445
Referee: Erdoğan Çamlıyurt |

| 14 April 1985 28 | **Orduspor** | **1–1** | **Galatasaray SK** | Ordu |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 13:30 EET | Yücel Uyar  28' | (Report) | Levent Erköse  52' | Stadium: Ordu 19 Eylül Stadı
Referee: Oğuz Sarvan |

| 21 April 1985 29 | **Sarıyer G.K.** | **0–0** | **Galatasaray SK** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 EET |  | (Report) |  | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Attendance: 9,899
Referee: Yusuf Namoğlu |

| 5 May 1985 30 | **Galatasaray SK** | **2–0** | **Trabzonspor** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 16:00 EET | Rüdigar Abramczik  8', 32' | (Report) |  | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Attendance: 14,019
Referee: Çoşkun Evin |

| 12 May 1985 31 | **Zonguldakspor** | **2–1** | **Galatasaray SK** | Zonguldak |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 16:00 EET | Savaş Demirel  11', 49' | (Report) | Raşit Çetiner  36' | Stadium: Zonguldak Şehir Stadı
Referee: Ahmet Akçay |

| 18 May 1985 32 | **Galatasaray SK** | **2–1** | **Kocaelispor** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 16:00 EET | Rüdigar Abramczik  20'
Bülent Alkılınç  57' | (Report) | Haluk Turfan  66' | Stadium: Fenerbahçe Stadı
Attendance: 2,740
Referee: Serdar Çakman |

| 26 May 1985 33 | **Gençlerbirliği SK** | **2–1** | **Galatasaray SK** | Ankara |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 16:00 EET | Ahmet Ceyhan  5og'
Avni Okumuş  63p' | (Report) | Adnan Esen  15' | Stadium: Ankara 19 Mayıs Stadı
Referee: İhsan Türe |

| 2 June 1985 34 | **Galatasaray SK** | **0–0** | **Altay SK** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 16:00 EET |  | (Report) |  | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Referee: Talat Tokat |

## Türkiye Kupası

*Kick-off listed in local time (EET)*

### 3rd Round

| 20 November 1984 1 | **Altay SK** | **1–1** | **Galatasaray SK** | İzmir |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14:00 EET | Turgut Uçar  51' | (Report) | Bülent Alkılıç  75' | Stadium: Atatürk Stadı
Attendance: 7,000
Referee: Talat Tokat |

| 5 December 1984 2 | **Galatasaray SK** | **2–1** | **Altay SK** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 11:00 EET | Fatih Terim  31p'
Erdal Keser  86' | (Report) | Mahmut Kılıç  37' | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Referee: Osman Erdal Fırat |

### 4th Round

| 19 December 1984 1 | **Sarıyer G.K.** | **0–3** | **Galatasaray SK** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 13:00 EET |  | (Report) | Burak Dilmen  18', 50', 85' | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Attendance: 14,072
Referee: Özcan Oal |

| 26 December 1984 2 | **Galatasaray SK** | **2–0** | **Sarıyer G.K.** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 13:00 EET | Levent Erköse  48'
Hakan Çarkacı  68' | (Report) |  | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Referee: Erkan Göksel |

### 1/4 Final

| 6 February 1984 1 | **Fenerbahçe SK** | **1–2** | **Galatasaray SK** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14:00 EET | Müjdat Yetkiner  6' | (Report) | Raşit Çetiner  2'
Fatih Terim  21p' | Stadium: Fenerbahçe Stadı
Attendance: 15,000
Referee: Yalçın Darıcı |

| 28 February 1984 2 | **Galatasaray SK** | **1–0** | **Fenerbahçe SK** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:30 EET | Adnan Esen  60' | (Report) |  | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Attendance: 31,638
Referee: Yusuf Namoğlu |

### 1/2 Final

| 13 March 1985 1 | **Galatasaray SK** | **0–0** | **Beşiktaş JK** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 EET |  | (Report) |  | Stadium: Fenerbahçe Stadı
Attendance: 21,271
Referee: Aykan Köseoğlu |

| 20 March 1985 2 | **Beşiktaş JK** | **0–1** | **Galatasaray SK** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 EET |  | (Report) | Rüdiger Abramczik  46' | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Attendance: 26,665
Referee: Yusuf Namoğlu |

### Final

| 10 April 1985 1 | **Trabzonspor** | **1–2** | **Galatasaray SK** | Trabzon |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 EET | Bahaddin Güneş  76' | (Report) | İsmail Demiriz  44'
Fatih Terim  61' | Stadium: Hüseyin Avni Aker Stadı
Referee: İhsan Türe |

| 17 April 1985 2 | **Galatasaray SK** | **0–0** | **Trabzonspor** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 EET |  | (Report) |  | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Attendance: 21,214
Referee: Talat Tokat |

## Süper Kupa-Cumhurbaşkanlığı Kupası

*Kick-off listed in local time (EET)*

| 12 June 1985 1 | **Fenerbahçe SK** | **1–1** | **Galatasaray SK** | Ankara |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 17:00 EET | Hüseyin Çakıroğlu  78' | (Report) | Bülent Alkılıç  37' | Stadium: 19 Mayıs Stadı
Attendance: 18,757
Referee: Sadık Deda |

## Friendly Matches

*Kick-off listed in local time (EET)*

### TSYD Kupası

| 15 August 1984 1 | **Beşiktaş JK** | **1–1** | **Galatasaray SK** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 17:00 EET | Mirsad Kovačevič  51' | (Report) | Erdal Keser  33' | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Attendance: 28,532
Referee: Yusuf Namoğlu |

| 19 August 1984 2 | **Galatasaray SK** | **0–0** | **Fenerbahçe SK** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 17:00 EET |  | (Report) |  | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Attendance: 39,860
Referee: Erkan Göksel |

### Donanma Kupası

| 9 January 1985 1 | **Galatasaray SK** | **0–0** | **Beşiktaş JK** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14:00 EET |  | (Report) |  | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Attendance: 8,629
Referee: Yüksel Okçuoğlu |

| 12 January 1985 2 | **Fenerbahçe SK** | **2–1** | **Galatasaray SK** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14:00 EET | Tuğrul Duru  15'
İlyas Tüfekçi  51' | (Report) | Raşit Çetiner  61' | Stadium: Fenerbahçe Stadı
Attendance: 6,123
Referee: Erkan Göksel |

| 13 January 1985 2 | **Sarıyer G.K.** | **4–1** | **Galatasaray SK** | Istanbul |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 12:00 EET | Engin Ülker  65'
Tarik Hodžić  71', 85', 88' | (Report) | Rüdiger Abramczik  73' | Stadium: İnönü Stadı
Referee: Yahya Diker |

## Attendance

| Competition | Av. Att. | Total Att. |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. Lig | 21,027 | 315,406 |
| Türkiye Kupası | 24,708 | 74,123 |
| **Total** | **21,641** | **389,529** |
|

* Tuncay, Bülent (2002). *Galatasaray Tarihi*. Yapı Kredi Yayınları ISBN 975-08-0454-6

## InfoBox

Galatasaray
| 1984–85 season | |
| --- | --- |
| President | Ali Uras |
| Manager | Jupp Derwall |
| Stadium | İnönü Stadı |
| 1. Lig | *5th* |
| Türkiye Kupası | **Winner** |
| Süper Kupa | *Runner-up* |
| Top goalscorer | League:
Rüdiger Abramczik (9)
Erdal Keser (9)
All:
Rüdiger Abramczik (10)
Erdal Keser (10) |
| Highest home attendance | 41,227 vs Fenerbahçe SK
(1. Lig, 30 September 1984) |
| Lowest home attendance | 2,740 vs Kocaelispor
(1. Lig, 18 May 1985) |
| Average home league attendance | 21,027 |
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