title: 1871 New Zealand general election

abstract: The 1871 New Zealand general election was held between 14 January and 23 February to elect 78 MPs across 72 electorates to the fifth session of the New Zealand Parliament. 41,527 electors were registered.

text:
# 1871 New Zealand general election

The **1871 New Zealand general election** was held between 14 January and 23 February to elect 78 MPs across 72 electorates to the fifth session of the New Zealand Parliament. 41,527 electors were registered.

## Background

1871 was the first general election to include the four Māori electorates, with elections held on 1 and 15 February. The first Māori Members of Parliament had been elected in 1868, but in 1871 three retired and one (Western Maori) was defeated. So in 1871 four new Māori MPs were elected.

In 1866 the secret ballot was introduced for general (European) elections. The 1871 general election was the first one at which it was used. The secret ballot not used in Māori electorates until 1938, thus Māori voters continued to inform a polling officer orally of their chosen candidate.

The date of election is defined here as the day on which the poll took place, or if there was no contest, the day of nomination. The earliest election day was 14 January 1871. The earliest date in the general electorate results table, 13 January 1871, thus represents William Rolleston being declared elected unopposed in the Avon electorate on nomination day. The last election was held on 23 February 1871 in the Franklin electorate.

68 European electorates and 4 Māori electorates were defined by the Representation Act 1870. Six of the general electorates had two representatives, the rest were single member electorates. Hence, 78 MPs were elected. Electorates that were first formed for the 1871 elections were East Coast, Eden, Rodney, Thames, Waikato, Waitemata, Egmont, Manawatu, Buller, Grey Valley, Christchurch East, Christchurch West, Hokitika, Totara, Dunstan, Mount Ida, Tuapeka, Waitaki, Waikaia, and Wakatipu. 41,527 electors were registered.

## Results

| Member | Electorate | Province | MP's term | Election date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Robert Rhodes | Akaroa | Canterbury | First | 26 January |
| John Evans Brown | Ashley | Canterbury | First | 17 February |
| Julius Vogel | Auckland East | Auckland | Third | 30 January |
| Thomas Gillies | Auckland West | Auckland | Fourth | 6 February |
| John Williamson | Auckland West | Auckland | Fourth | 6 February |
| William Rolleston | Avon | Canterbury | Second | 13 January |
| William Murray | Bruce | Otago | First | 28 January |
| Eugene O'Conor | Buller | Canterbury | First | 4 February |
| Richard Cantrell | Caversham | Otago | First | 25 January |
| Henry Ingles | Cheviot | Canterbury | First | 27 January |
| Jerningham Wakefield | Christchurch East | Canterbury | Second | 18 January |
| Edward Richardson | Christchurch West | Canterbury | First | 19 January |
| John Davies Ormond | Clive | Hawke's Bay | Third | 26 January |
| James William Thomson | Clutha | Otago | First | 31 January |
| John Karslake Karslake | Coleridge | Canterbury | First | 4 February |
| Arthur Collins | Collingwood | Nelson | Second | 16 February |
| William Reynolds | City of Dunedin | Otago | Third | 20 January |
| John Bathgate | City of Dunedin | Otago | First | 20 January |
| Thomas Luther Shepherd | Dunstan | Otago | First | 7 February |
| William Kelly | East Coast | Auckland | First | 16 February |
| Karaitiana Takamoana | Eastern Maori |  | First | 1 February |
| Robert James Creighton | Eden | Auckland | Third | 31 January |
| William Gisborne | Egmont | Taranaki | First | 18 January |
| William Thorne Buckland | Franklin | Auckland | Second | 23 February |
| Archibald Clark | Franklin | Auckland | Third | 23 February |
| George Parker | Gladstone | Canterbury | First | 7 February |
| Frederic Carrington | Grey and Bell | Taranaki | Second | 17 January |
| William Henry Harrison | Grey Valley | Canterbury | Second | 26 January |
| John Hall | Heathcote | Canterbury | Third | 14 January |
| John White | Hokitika | Canterbury | First | 25 January |
| William Fitzherbert | Hutt | Wellington | Fourth | 16 January |
| William Henderson Calder | Invercargill | Southland | First | 24 January |
| John Studholme | Kaiapoi | Canterbury | Second | 27 January |
| Peacock, John Thomas | Town of Lyttelton | Canterbury | Second | 16 January |
| Walter Woods Johnston | Manawatu | Wellington | First | 4 February |
| John Munro | Marsden | Auckland | Third | 30 January |
| Dillon Bell | Mataura | Southland | Fourth | 11 February |
| John McLeod | Mongonui and Bay of Islands | Auckland | First | 10 February |
| David Monro**a** | Motueka | Nelson | Fifth | 10 February |
| David Mervyn | Mount Ida | Otago | Second | 16 February |
| Donald McLean | Napier | Hawke's Bay | Second | 19 January |
| Martin Lightband | City of Nelson | Nelson | First | 6 February |
| Oswald Curtis | City of Nelson | Nelson | Second | 6 February |
| Ralph Richardson | Suburbs of Nelson | Nelson | First | 7 February |
| Thomas Kelly | New Plymouth | Taranaki | Second | 28 January |
| William Swanson | Newton | Auckland | First | 25 January |
| Wi Katene | Northern Maori |  | First | 15 February |
| Maurice O'Rorke | Onehunga | Auckland | Third | 20 February |
| Reader Wood | Parnell | Auckland | Third | 23 January |
| Kenny, Courtney | Picton | Marlborough | Second | 27 January |
| James Macandrew | Port Chalmers | Otago | Fifth | 15 February |
| William Fox | Rangitikei | Wellington | Fourth | 3 February |
| Lauchlan McGillivray | Riverton | Southland | Second | 27 January |
| Harry Farnall | Rodney | Auckland | Second | 13 February |
| Henry Driver | Roslyn | Otago | Second | 30 January |
| William Reeves | Selwyn | Canterbury | Second | 1 February |
| Hori Kerei Taiaroa | Southern Maori |  | First | 13 February |
| Donald Reid | Taieri | Otago | Second | 3 February |
| Charles O'Neill | Thames | Auckland | Second | 9 February |
| Edward Stafford | Timaru | Canterbury | Fourth | 20 January |
| George Henry Tribe | Totara | Westland | First | 8 February |
| James Clark Brown | Tuapeka | Otago | Second | 13 February |
| James Benn Bradshaw | Waikaia | Otago | Second | 9 February |
| James McPherson | Waikato | Auckland | First | 10 February |
| George McLean | Waikouaiti | Otago | First | 23 January |
| Joseph Shephard | Waimea | Marlborough | First | 13 February |
| Henry Bunny | Wairarapa | Wellington | Third | 28 January |
| John Andrew | Wairarapa | Wellington | First | 28 January |
| William Henry Eyes | Wairau | Marlborough | Third | 24 January |
| William Steward | Waitaki | Otago | First | 3 February |
| Thomas Henderson | Waitemata | Auckland | Fourth | 8 February |
| Charles Edward Haughton | Wakatipu | Otago | Third | 25 January |
| George Webster | Wallace | Otago | Second | 20 February |
| John Bryce | Wanganui | Wellington | Second | 30 January |
| George Hunter | City of Wellington | Wellington | First | 7 February |
| Edward Pearce | City of Wellington | Wellington | First | 7 February |
| Alfred Brandon | Wellington Country | Wellington | Fourth | 17 January |
| Wiremu Parata | Western Maori |  | First | 13 February |

**a** Unseated on petition.

* McRobie, Alan (1989). *Electoral Atlas of New Zealand*. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
* Scholefield, Guy (1950) \[First ed. published 1913\]. *New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949* (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer.

## InfoBox

1871 general election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| ---  All 78 seats in the New Zealand House of Representatives | |
| First party   Leader William Fox   Party Independent   Leader's seat Rangitikei   Last election 78 seats   Seats won **78**   Seat change | |
| ---  **Premier before election**
William Fox
Independent **Subsequent Premier**
William Fox
Independent | |


title: 1973–74 French Division 2

abstract: The 1973–74 French Division 2 was the 33rd season since its establishment. It was constituted by two groups with 18 clubs each. The winners of each group won promotion to the 1974–75 French Division 1. Additionally, the winners met in a two-legged championship play–off. The victor was crowned champion and awarded the trophy. Meanwhile, the runners-up of both groups faced each other in a two-legged play-off, with the victor claiming the last promotion spot. On the other hand, the bottom three clubs of each group were relegated to the 1974–75 French Division 3, while Ajaccio abandoned its professional status and joined them. The season began on 1 July 1973 and ended on 5 June 1974. The winter break was in effect from 22 December 1973 to 12 January 1974. Two points were awarded for a win, with no points for a loss. If the match was drawn, each team received one point. Likewise, this season was the first time that bonus points were awarded: any team scoring three or more goals in a match received an additional point. During the play–offs, if the aggregate score was tied after two legs, the match was decided by extra time and/or penalty shootout.

text:
# 1973–74 French Division 2

The **1973–74 French Division 2** was the 33rd season since its establishment. It was constituted by two groups (A and B) with 18 clubs each. The winners of each group won promotion to the 1974–75 French Division 1. Additionally, the winners met in a two-legged championship play–off. The victor was crowned champion and awarded the trophy. Meanwhile, the runners-up of both groups faced each other in a two-legged play-off, with the victor claiming the last promotion spot. On the other hand, the bottom three clubs of each group were relegated to the 1974–75 French Division 3, while Ajaccio abandoned its professional status and joined them.

The season began on 1 July 1973 and ended on 5 June 1974. The winter break was in effect from 22 December 1973 to 12 January 1974. Two points were awarded for a win, with no points for a loss. If the match was drawn, each team received one point. Likewise, this season was the first time that bonus points were awarded: any team scoring three or more goals in a match received an additional point. During the play–offs, if the aggregate score was tied after two legs, the match was decided by extra time and/or penalty shootout.

## League tables

### Group A

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | BP | Pts | Promotion or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Lille (C, P) | 34 | 24 | 8 | 2 | 68 | 21 | +47 | 11 | 67 | Promotion to 1974–75 French Division 1
Qualification to the Finale de la Division 2 |
| 2 | Valenciennes | 34 | 21 | 7 | 6 | 78 | 29 | +49 | 15 | 64 | Qualification for Division 1 Playoffs |
| 3 | Rouen | 34 | 18 | 6 | 10 | 59 | 31 | +28 | 14 | 56 |  |
| 4 | Boulogne | 34 | 16 | 10 | 8 | 58 | 39 | +19 | 11 | | 53 |
| 5 | Laval | 34 | 16 | 10 | 8 | 54 | 40 | +14 | 6 | | 48 |
| 6 | Lorient | 34 | 14 | 10 | 10 | 50 | 34 | +16 | 7 | | 45 |
| 7 | Besançon | 34 | 14 | 8 | 12 | 53 | 50 | +3 | 5 | | 41 |
| 8 | Dunkerque | 34 | 13 | 7 | 14 | 49 | 50 | 1 | 7 | | 40 |
| 9 | Brest | 34 | 13 | 9 | 12 | 41 | 43 | 2 | 2 | | 37 |
| 10 | Bourges | 34 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 36 | 54 | 18 | 4 | | 35 |
| 11 | Chaumont | 34 | 9 | 12 | 13 | 45 | 58 | 13 | 4 | | 34 |
| 12 | Montluçon | 34 | 11 | 5 | 18 | 52 | 61 | 9 | 6 | | 33 |
| 13 | Cambrai | 34 | 11 | 9 | 14 | 42 | 55 | 13 | 2 | | 33 |
| 14 | Blois | 34 | 10 | 9 | 15 | 36 | 52 | 16 | 4 | | 33 |
| 15 | Hazebrouck | 34 | 10 | 8 | 16 | 45 | 54 | 9 | 4 | | 32 |
| 16 | Poitiers (R) | 34 | 10 | 7 | 17 | 43 | 61 | 18 | 5 | 32 | Relegation to 1974–75 French Division 3 |
| 17 | Le Mans (R) | 34 | 5 | 8 | 21 | 29 | 63 | 34 | 5 | | 23 |
| 18 | ES La Rochelle (R) | 34 | 5 | 8 | 21 | 29 | 72 | 43 | 0 | | 18 |

Source: Footballdatabase.eu
Rules for classification: 1) points; 2) goal difference; 3) number of goals scored.
(C) Champions; (P) Promoted; (R) Relegated

### Group B

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | BP | Pts | Promotion or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Red Star (P) | 34 | 19 | 12 | 3 | 71 | 29 | +42 | 11 | 61 | 1974–75 French Division 1
Championship play-offs |
| 2 | Paris Saint-Germain (P) | 34 | 19 | 6 | 9 | 70 | 42 | +28 | 13 | 57 | 1974–75 French Division 1
Promotion play-offs |
| 3 | Toulouse | 34 | 17 | 5 | 12 | 64 | 42 | +22 | 9 | 48 |  |
| 4 | Avignon | 34 | 15 | 10 | 9 | 47 | 33 | +14 | 6 | | 46 |
| 5 | Toulon | 34 | 15 | 8 | 11 | 50 | 39 | +11 | 8 | | 46 |
| 6 | CA Mantes-la-Ville | 34 | 14 | 7 | 13 | 47 | 45 | +2 | 4 | | 39 |
| 7 | Ajaccio (R) | 34 | 12 | 9 | 13 | 46 | 44 | +2 | 6 | 39 | 1974–75 French Division 3 |
| 8 | Cannes | 34 | 11 | 12 | 11 | 39 | 42 | 3 | 5 | 39 |  |
| 9 | Angoulême | 34 | 13 | 8 | 13 | 45 | 49 | 4 | 5 | | 39 |
| 10 | Mulhouse | 34 | 12 | 7 | 15 | 49 | 56 | 7 | 7 | | 38 |
| 11 | Entente BFN | 34 | 11 | 9 | 14 | 42 | 48 | 6 | 5 | | 36 |
| 12 | Sète | 34 | 13 | 8 | 13 | 30 | 51 | 21 | 2 | | 36 |
| 13 | Châteauroux | 34 | 10 | 10 | 14 | 43 | 47 | 4 | 5 | | 35 |
| 14 | Gueugnon | 34 | 10 | 9 | 15 | 46 | 56 | 10 | 5 | | 34 |
| 15 | Béziers Hérault | 34 | 11 | 8 | 15 | 35 | 46 | 11 | 4 | | 34 |
| 16 | Nevers (R) | 34 | 10 | 10 | 14 | 37 | 49 | 12 | 4 | 34 | 1974–75 French Division 3 |
| 17 | Arles-Avignon (R) | 34 | 9 | 8 | 17 | 44 | 67 | 23 | 4 | | 30 |
| 18 | CS Vittel (R) | 34 | 8 | 8 | 18 | 27 | 49 | 22 | 2 | | 26 |

Source: Histoire du PSG
Rules for classification: 1) points; 2) goal difference; 3) number of goals scored.
(P) Promoted; (R) Relegated

## Championship play-offs

| Red Star | 2–0 | Lille |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Victor Hugo Jarra  5' (pen.)
Ducuing  89' | Report |  |

Stade de Paris, Saint-OuenAttendance: 4,084Referee: Michel Kitabdjian

---

| Lille | 5–1 (a.e.t.) | Red Star |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Desmenez  7, 75'
Gauthier  35'
Coste  108'
Verhoeve  115' | Report | ?  90' |

Stade Henri-Jooris, LilleAttendance: 7,608Referee: Roger Machin

## Promotion play-offs

| Valenciennes | 2–1 | Paris Saint-Germain |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Jeskowiak  61'
Wilczek  75' (pen.) | Report | M'Pelé  22' |

Stade Nungesser, ValenciennesAttendance: 11,000Referee: Robert Héliès

---

| Paris Saint-Germain | 4–2 | Valenciennes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| M'Pelé  35'
Dogliani  54, 75'
Marella  61' | Report | Neubert  39'
Wilczek  48' |

Parc des Princes, ParisAttendance: 19,511Referee: Robert Wurtz

## InfoBox

Division 2
| Season | 1973–74 |
| --- | --- |
| Champions | Lille |
| Promoted | Lille
Red Star
Paris Saint-Germain |
| Relegated | Poitiers
Le Mans
La Rochelle
Ajaccio
Nevers
Arles-Avignon
Vittel |
| 1972–73 1974–75 | |


title: Anne Evans Estabrook

abstract: Anne Evans Estabrook is an American real estate developer who was the frontrunner in the Republican primary for the 2008 United States Senate race in New Jersey before suffering a mini-stroke and withdrawing from the race. Estabrook attended Cornell University and graduated in 1965 with a B.S. degree in Industrial and Labor Relations. She received an M.B.A. in 1966, also from Cornell. She has served on the Cornell Board of Trustees and the Advisory Council for the Cornell University School of Industrial and Labor Relations. The ILR School also awarded her the first Jerome Alpern Award for distinguished service and named a Distinguished Lectureship in Conflict Resolution in her honor. She is the owner of the Elberon Development Corporation of Kenilworth, New Jersey, a family-owned company specializing in the development, leasing and management of industrial and commercial real estate. She also spent more than twenty years as a Director of the Elizabethtown Water Co. She was appointed by Governor Christie Whitman to serve on the governing board of the New Jersey Economic Development Authority. In 2004–2005, she was the first female Chair of the New Jersey Chamber of Commerce. In 2007, she was named by NJBIZ as one of New Jersey's Best 50 Women in Business. Estabrook lives in Spring Lake, New Jersey. In 1994, she married Kenneth Estabrook, an attorney in private practice who had been counsel to the family company. He died of a stroke on November 13, 2003 at Monmouth Medical Center. In October 2007, Estabrook filed her candidacy as a Republican candidate for the 2008 United States Senate race in New Jersey to oppose incumbent Frank Lautenberg. In January 2008, she announced that she had invested $1.6 million of her own money in her Senate campaign. In March 2008, she withdrew from the race, releasing a statement that she had suffered a transient ischemic attack or "mini-stroke." Immigrant-justice activists began protesting Estabrook in 2020 after the deportation of Hector Garcia Mendoza from the Elizabeth Detention Center in Elizabeth, New Jersey, which Elberon leases to the private prison company CoreCivic. It is the only private immigrant detention center in New Jersey. After protests outside Elberon's home office, the firm announced in July 2020 that it would "end our relationship” with CoreCivic, though it offered no concrete steps toward that end. Estabrook is affiliated with such New Jersey institutions as Kean University and the New Jersey Performing Arts Center, where she sits on the board of directors. Activists have protested these institutions, demanding they break their ties with Estabrook until she ends the lease to CoreCivic. In May 2021, Elberon, owners of the windowless former warehouse turned ICE dentention center, alleged its tenant permitted dangerous conditions at the facility and sued to terminate its lease, representing a potential victory for activists.

text:
# Anne Evans Estabrook

**Anne Evans Estabrook** is an American real estate developer who was the frontrunner in the Republican primary for the 2008 United States Senate race in New Jersey before suffering a mini-stroke and withdrawing from the race.

Estabrook attended Cornell University and graduated in 1965 with a B.S. degree in Industrial and Labor Relations. She received an M.B.A. in 1966, also from Cornell. She has served on the Cornell Board of Trustees and the Advisory Council for the Cornell University School of Industrial and Labor Relations (ILR School). The ILR School also awarded her the first Jerome Alpern Award for distinguished service and named a Distinguished Lectureship in Conflict Resolution in her honor.

She is the owner of the Elberon Development Corporation of Kenilworth, New Jersey, a family-owned company specializing in the development, leasing and management of industrial and commercial real estate. She also spent more than twenty years as a Director of the Elizabethtown Water Co. She was appointed by Governor Christie Whitman to serve on the governing board of the New Jersey Economic Development Authority. In 2004–2005, she was the first female Chair of the New Jersey Chamber of Commerce. In 2007, she was named by NJBIZ as one of New Jersey's Best 50 Women in Business.

Estabrook lives in Spring Lake, New Jersey. In 1994, she married Kenneth Estabrook, an attorney in private practice who had been counsel to the family company. He died of a stroke on November 13, 2003 at Monmouth Medical Center.

In October 2007, Estabrook filed her candidacy as a Republican candidate for the 2008 United States Senate race in New Jersey to oppose incumbent Frank Lautenberg. In January 2008, she announced that she had invested $1.6 million of her own money in her Senate campaign. In March 2008, she withdrew from the race, releasing a statement that she had suffered a transient ischemic attack or "mini-stroke."

Immigrant-justice activists began protesting Estabrook in 2020 after the deportation of Hector Garcia Mendoza from the Elizabeth Detention Center in Elizabeth, New Jersey, which Elberon leases to the private prison company CoreCivic. It is the only private immigrant detention center in New Jersey. After protests outside Elberon's home office, the firm announced in July 2020 that it would "end our relationship” with CoreCivic, though it offered no concrete steps toward that end. Estabrook is affiliated with such New Jersey institutions as Kean University (where she has served as Vice-Chairperson of Wenzhou-Kean University) and the New Jersey Performing Arts Center, where she sits on the board of directors. Activists have protested these institutions, demanding they break their ties with Estabrook until she ends the lease to CoreCivic.

In May 2021, Elberon, owners of the windowless former warehouse turned ICE dentention center, alleged its tenant permitted dangerous conditions at the facility and sued to terminate its lease, representing a potential victory for activists.


title: 15 Park Avenue

abstract: 15 Park Avenue is a 2005 English-language Indian film directed by Aparna Sen. It stars Shabana Azmi, Konkona Sen Sharma, Soumitra Chatterjee, Waheeda Rehman, Dhritiman Chatterjee, Rahul Bose and Kanwaljeet Singh. It won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in English.

text:
# 15 Park Avenue

***15 Park Avenue*** is a 2005 English-language Indian film directed by Aparna Sen. It stars Shabana Azmi, Konkona Sen Sharma, Soumitra Chatterjee, Waheeda Rehman, Dhritiman Chatterjee, Rahul Bose and Kanwaljeet Singh. It won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in English.

## Plot

30-something Mitali aka Meethi has schizophrenia and is taken care of by her older, divorced sister Anjali aka Anu, who is a professor, and their ageing mother. Although she was never married in real life, Meethi has created her own alternate reality in her mind in which she married her ex-fiancé Joydeep and has five children. While Anu has dedicated her life to taking care of Meethi and her mother, even putting her own relationship with a fellow professor on hold, in Meethi's imaginary world both the older women are holding her in the house and away from her husband and children against her will. She imagines her family to be living at the non-existent 15 Park Avenue in Kolkata.

After Meethi has a severe seizure, her case is taken up by a new doctor Kunal Barua. While discussing her sister's case with the new doctor, Anu reveals that though Meethi had dormant schizophrenic traits since childhood, she led a very normal life until her early 20s, before a traumatic experience in the course of her job as a journalist made her withdraw from the outer world. Her fiancé, unable to deal with the emotional upheaval caused by the incidence, broke off the engagement. On the doctor's advice, Anu takes both women on a vacation to Bhutan, where they are spotted by Joydeep, now married with two children. In her present state, Meethi does not recognize Joydeep as the same man she is married to in her imagination, and befriends him. When Joydeep learns of Meethi's worsened condition and her imaginary world, he offers to help her locate the elusive family home - 15 Park Avenue.

Back in Kolkata, Joydeep drives her down to the part of the city where she believes her house and her family are. In a surrealistic climax, Meethi finally locates the house and finds her husband Jojo (as she fondly calls him) and her five children waiting for her return. She walks into the house, reunited with her 'real' family and is never seen again.

## Cast

## Reception

Sonia chopra of Rediff.com called it "hauntingly beautiful." She further wrote, "There's dry, black humour all over the film, if you care to look for it. There's comedy in the darkest of scenes, if you dare to laugh. As Joydeep himself broods, 'It would have been funny, if it wasn't so sad.' Watch the film, and forgive the small irregularities and pace. You'll step into another world. Just like our Mithi."

Conversely, Namrata Joshi of Outlook gave the film 2 out of 4, writing, "In effect, the film seems to have everything going for it. Not quite. Instead of exploring these intriguing associations to their logical emotional depth, Sen leaves them sketchy and open-ended." Taran Adarsh of IndiaFM gave it 1 out of 5 praising the performances but criticised the writing, pace and climax of the film.

## InfoBox

| 15, Park Avenue | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Aparna Sen |
| Written by | Aparna Sen |
| Produced by | Bipin Vohra |
| Starring | Shabana Azmi
Konkona Sen Sharma
Soumitra Chatterjee
Waheeda Rehman
Dhritiman Chatterjee
Rahul Bose
Kanwaljeet Singh |
| Cinematography | Hemant Chaturvedi |
| Edited by | Rabiranjan Maitra |
| Release dates | * 27 October 2005 (2005-10-27) (London) * 6 January 2006 (2006-01-06) (India) |
| Running time | 124 minutes |
| Language | English |


title: Anthony (writer)

abstract: Ma Liang, who writes under the pen name Anthony (安东尼), is a Chinese young adult fiction writer. Anthony was born in Dalian, China, then went to Melbourne, Australia, to study, majoring in hotel management.

text:
# Anthony (writer)

**Ma Liang** (Chinese: 马亮; born 1984), who writes under the pen name **Anthony** (安东尼), is a Chinese young adult fiction writer. Anthony was born in Dalian, China, then went to Melbourne, Australia, to study, majoring in hotel management.

## Major works

He is best known for his first book, *A Journey, through Time, with Anthony*, published in 2008. The book was made into a movie, *Les Aventures d'Anthony*, released in November 2015.

In 2010, Anthony published his second book, *Picturing My Love, Honey*, a collaboration with the illustrator Echo. It has sold more than 800,000 copies.

## Education

Ma graduated from Liaoning University and attended the University of Melbourne, majoring in hotel management.

## InfoBox

| Anthony | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Ma Liang
1984 (age 3940)
Dalian, China |
| Occupation | Writer |
| Language | Chinese and English |
| Nationality | Chinese |
| Genre | Young adult fiction |
| Notable works | *A Journey, through Time, with Anthony*
*Picturing My Love, Honey* |


title: All-time Miami FC (2006) roster

abstract: This list comprises all players who have participated in at least one league match for Miami FC from 2006 to 2010. Players who were on the roster but never played a first team game are not listed; players who appeared for the team in other competitions but never actually made an USL appearance are noted at the bottom of the page where appropriate. A "†" denotes players who only appeared in a single match.

text:
# All-time Miami FC (2006) roster

This list comprises all players who have participated in at least one league match for Miami FC from 2006 to 2010. Players who were on the roster but never played a first team game are not listed; players who appeared for the team in other competitions (US Open Cup, CONCACAF Champions League, etc.) but never actually made an USL appearance are noted at the bottom of the page where appropriate.

A "†" denotes players who only appeared in a single match.

## A

## B

## C

## D

## E

## F

## G

## H

## I

## J

## K

## L

## M

## N

## O

## P

## R

## S

## T

## V

## W

## Z

## Sources

* "USL-1 Team History". *uslsoccer.com*. United Soccer Leagues. Archived from the original on 2013-02-05. Retrieved 2019-05-14.


title: Aoulef District

abstract: Aoulef District is a district of Adrar Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 54,909.

text:
# Aoulef District

**Aoulef District** is a district of Adrar Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 54,909.

## Communes

The district is further divided into 4 communes:

## InfoBox

| Aoulef District دائرة أولف | |
| --- | --- |
| District | |
|  | |
| Coordinates: 26°58′N 1°5′E / 26.967°N 1.083°E / 26.967; 1.083 | |
| Country | Algeria |
| Province | Adrar Province |
| Capital | Aoulef |
| Elevation | 301 m (988 ft) |
| Population (2008) | |
| Total | 54,909 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |


abstract: The 1969–70 Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball team represented the University of Kansas during the 1969–70 college men's basketball season.

text:
# 1969–70 Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball team

1969–70 Big Eight Conference men's basketball standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | PCT |  |  | W |  | L |  | PCT |
| Kansas State | 10 |  | 4 |  | .714 |  |  | 20 |  | 8 |  | .714 |
| Kansas | 8 |  | 6 |  | .571 |  |  | 17 |  | 9 |  | .654 |
| Oklahoma | 7 |  | 7 |  | .500 |  |  | 19 |  | 9 |  | .679 |
| Nebraska | 7 |  | 7 |  | .500 |  |  | 16 |  | 9 |  | .640 |
| Missouri | 7 |  | 7 |  | .500 |  |  | 15 |  | 11 |  | .577 |
| Colorado | 7 |  | 7 |  | .500 |  |  | 14 |  | 12 |  | .538 |
| Oklahoma State | 5 |  | 9 |  | .357 |  |  | 14 |  | 12 |  | .538 |
| Iowa State | 5 |  | 9 |  | .357 |  |  | 12 |  | 14 |  | .462 |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Rankings from AP Poll | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The **1969–70 Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball team** represented the University of Kansas during the 1969–70 college men's basketball season.

## Roster

## Schedule

| Date
time, TV | Rank# | Opponent# | Result | Record | Site
city, state |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| December 1*
 |  | Marshall | **W** 9680 | 1-0
 | Allen Fieldhouse
Lawrence, KS |
| December 6*
 |  | at No. 2 Kentucky | **L** 85115 | 1-1
 | Kentucky
Lexington, KY |
| December 8*
 |  | Wisconsin | **W** 7660 | 2-1
 | Allen Fieldhouse
Lawrence, KS |
| December 13*
 |  | at Loyola (IL) | **W** 7271 | 3-1
 | Alumni Gym
Chicago, IL |
| December 15*
 |  | at No. 10 Notre Dame | **W** 7563 | 4-1
 | Joyce Center
Notre Dame, IN |
| December 19*
 |  | SMU | **W** 8977 | 5-1
 | Allen Fieldhouse
Lawrence, KS |
| December 20*
 |  | Western Kentucky | **W** 10481 | 6-1
 | Allen Fieldhouse
Lawrence, KS |
| December 26
 | No. 16 | vs. Oklahoma | **L** 6468 OT | 6-2
 | Municipal Auditorium
Kansas City, MO |
| December 29
 | No. 16 | vs. Oklahoma State | **W** 7256 | 7-2
 | Municipal Auditorium
Kansas City, MO |
| December 30
 |  | vs. Nebraska | **L** 7378 | 7-3
 | Municipal Auditorium
Kansas City, MO |
| January 5
 |  | at Missouri
*Border War* | **L** 5356 | 7-4
(0-1) | Brewer Fieldhouse
Columbia, MO |
| January 10
 |  | Iowa State | **W** 8262 | 8-4
(1-1) | Allen Fieldhouse
Lawrence, KS |
| January 17*
 |  | Murray State | **W** 6462 | 9-4
 | Allen Fieldhouse
Lawrence, KS |
| January 24*
 |  | Valparaiso | **W** 7458 | 10-4
 | Allen Fieldhouse
Lawrence, KS |
| January 26
 |  | at Iowa State | **L** 8991 | 10-5
(1-2) | Iowa State Armory
Ames, IA |
| January 31
 |  | at Colorado | **W** 7573 | 11-5
(2-2) | Allen Fieldhouse
Lawrence, KS |
| February 2
 |  | Oklahoma | **W** 7841 | 12-5
(3-2) | Allen Fieldhouse
Lawrence, KS |
| February 7
 |  | at Nebraska | **L** 7384 | 12-6
(3-3) | Nebraska Coliseum
Lincoln, NE |
| February 9
 |  | Oklahoma State | **W** 6958 | 13-6
(4-3) | Allen Fieldhouse
Lawrence, KS |
| February 14
 |  | at Kansas State
*Sunflower Showdown* | **L** 6871 | 13-7
(4-4) | Ahearn Field House
Manhattan, KS |
| February 17
 |  | Nebraska | **W** 10087 | 14-7
(5-4) | Allen Fieldhouse
Lawrence, KS |
| February 21
 |  | Colorado | **L** 7381 | 14-8
(5-5) | Balch Fieldhouse
Boulder, CO |
| February 23
 |  | Missouri
*Border War* | **W** 6345 | 15-8
(6-5) | Allen Fieldhouse
Lawrence, KS |
| February 28
 |  | at Oklahoma State | **W** 7858 | 16-8
(7-5) | Gallagher-Iba Arena
Stillwater, OK |
| March 2
 |  | at Oklahoma | **L** 7782 | 16-9
(7-6) | McCasland Field House
Norman, OK |
| March 7
 | No. 16 | Kansas State
*Sunflower Showdown* | **W** 8279 | 17-9
(8-6) | Allen Fieldhouse
Lawrence, KS |
| *Non-conference game. #Rankings from AP Poll. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses. | | | | | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

| 1969–70 Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball | |
| --- | --- |
| Conference | Big Eight Conference |
| Record | 179 (86 Big 8) |
| Head coach |  |
| Assistant coaches |  |
| Captain | Chester Lawrence |
| Home arena | Allen Fieldhouse |
|


title: Euceraea

abstract: Euceraea is a genus of three species of shrubs and small trees in the willow family Salicaceae native to the Guiana Shield of northeastern South America. Previously it was treated in the family Flacourtiaceae but was moved along with its close relatives to the Salicaceae based on analyses of DNA data. Euceraea is closely related to the genera Casearia and Neoptychocarpus, but differs in its inflorescences of composite spikes. One species, Euceraea rheophytica, is a rheophyte.

text:
# Euceraea

***Euceraea*** is a genus of three species of shrubs and small trees in the willow family Salicaceae native to the Guiana Shield of northeastern South America. Previously it was treated in the family Flacourtiaceae but was moved along with its close relatives to the Salicaceae based on analyses of DNA data. *Euceraea* is closely related to the genera *Casearia* and *Neoptychocarpus*, but differs in its inflorescences of composite spikes. One species, *Euceraea rheophytica*, is a rheophyte.

## InfoBox

| *Euceraea* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malpighiales |
| Family: | Salicaceae |
| Subfamily: | Samydoideae |
| Genus: | *Euceraea*
Martius |
|
| Type species | |
| *Euceraea nitida*
Martius | |
| Species | |
|  | |


title: En Vivo en Buenos Aires

abstract: En Vivo en Buenos Aires Released in 1994 is the ninth album and first live one from the Argentine ska reggae Latin rock band Los Fabulosos Cadillacs. It was well received and earned a gold disc. Recorded in the Arena Obras Sanitarias following the huge success of Vasos Vacios. The album shows a young Cadillacs which put a lot of strength in the songs, mixing them with parts of other songs or with Vicentico putting strong vocal parts in a few songs like "Siguiendo la Luna".

text:
# En Vivo en Buenos Aires

***En Vivo en Buenos Aires*** (Spanish for Live in Buenos Aires) Released in 1994 is the ninth album and first live one from the Argentine ska reggae Latin rock band Los Fabulosos Cadillacs. It was well received and earned a gold disc.

Recorded in the Arena Obras Sanitarias following the huge success of Vasos Vacios. The album shows a young Cadillacs which put a lot of strength in the songs, mixing them with parts of other songs (like "Desapariciones" that is mixed with "Rio Manzanares" both of Ruben Blades) or with Vicentico putting strong vocal parts in a few songs like "Siguiendo la Luna".

## Track listing

1. "Intro - No acabes" ("Intro - Don't cum") (Arnedo, Luca Prodan, Troglio) – 1:47
2. "Mi novia se cayó en un pozo ciego" ("My girlfriend fell in a cesspool") (Vicentico, Giugno, Rigozzi) – 2:36
3. "El aguijón" ("The Sting") (Vicentico) – 3:54
4. "Vasos vacíos" ("Empty Glasses") (Vicentico) – 4:19
5. "Desapariciones" ("Disappearances") (Ruben Blades) – 7:42
6. "Manuel Santillán, el León" ("Manuel Santillan, The Lion") (Flavio Cianciarulo) – 5:03
7. "Siguiendo la Luna" ("Following the Moon") (Sergio Rotman) – 8:57
8. "Guns of Brixton" (Paul Simonon) – 4:17
9. "You're Wondering Now" (Seymour) – 2:51
10. "Gallo rojo" ("Red Rooster") (Vicentico) – 4:30

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| En vivo en Buenos Aires | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Live album by Los Fabulosos Cadillacs | |
| Released | 1994 |
| Genre | Rock en español, ska, Latin, reggae, dub |
| Length | 45:42 |
| Label | Sony Music, Columbia |
| Los Fabulosos Cadillacs chronology | |
| *Vasos Vacíos*
(1993) ***En vivo en Buenos Aires***
(1994) *Rey Azúcar*
(1995) | |


title: En Vivo – Gira 2004–2005

abstract: En Vivo – Gira 2004–2005 is a documentary of the live concert and history by Chilean band Kudai, released by Warner Bros. Records. It was released on 13 December 2005 in Chile. The DVD includes all music videos from their debut album Vuelo, a documentary and a bonus CD containing previously unreleased material and the live concert of their tour.

text:
# En Vivo – Gira 2004–2005

***En Vivo – Gira 2004–2005*** is a documentary of the live concert and history by Chilean band Kudai, released by Warner Bros. Records. It was released on 13 December 2005 in Chile. The DVD includes all music videos from their debut album *Vuelo*, a documentary and a bonus CD containing previously unreleased material and the live concert of their tour.

## Track listing

Disc 1 (Live) 1. "En Concierto
2. "No Quiero Regresar"
3. "Que Aquí, Que Allá"
4. "Vuelo"
5. "Dulce y Violento"
6. "Más"
7. "Escapar"
8. "Acústico" (Acoustic)
9. "Lejos De La Ciudad"
10. "Ya Nada Queda" (It's Over)
11. "Quiero"

Disc 2 1. Making of "Sin Despertar"
2. Video Clip "Sin Despertar"
3. Making of "Ya nada queda"
4. Video Clip "Ya nada queda"
5. Making of "Escapar"
6. Video Clip "Escapar"
7. Extras
8. Historia
9. Remix "Ya Nada Queda"

## Charts

| Chart (2007) | Peak <br>position | Sales | Link |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Chile Top Music DVD | 1 | 60,000 |  |

## InfoBox

| En Vivo - Gira 2004–2005 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Video by Kudai | |
| Released | July 21, 2005 (2005-07-21) (Chile) |
| Recorded | 2004–2005 |
| Genre | Pop, teen pop, dance-pop, pop rock, electronica |
| Length | 56:23 |
| Language | Spanish |
| Label | EMI |


title: 18 to Party

abstract: 18 to Party is a 2019 American comedy film written and directed by Jeff Roda. The film premiered at the Woodstock Film Festival on October 4, 2019. Following its premiere, the film was also screened at the Big Apple Film Festival on November 21, 2019 and at the Florida Film Festival on August 11, 2020, where it won the Special Jury Prize for Ensemble Cast. The official trailer for the film was released on September 25, 2020, and featured Taylor Richardson and Sam McCarthy among others.

text:
# 18 to Party

***18 to Party*** is a 2019 American comedy film written and directed by Jeff Roda. The film premiered at the Woodstock Film Festival on October 4, 2019. Following its premiere, the film was also screened at the Big Apple Film Festival on November 21, 2019 and at the Florida Film Festival on August 11, 2020, where it won the Special Jury Prize for Ensemble Cast. The official trailer for the film was released on September 25, 2020, and featured Taylor Richardson and Sam McCarthy among others.

## Plot

It is 1984. A group of teenagers spend the day waiting to get into a nightclub. Meanwhile, school is approaching and a group of eight graders are forced to go back to their studies. The group includes nerdy Shel, his crush Amy, music fan Missy, bickering Peter and Dean, burly Brad, smart-ass Kira, and Lanky, who has been released from youth detention center and has been considering going back to school. While they wait outside for a nightclub to open, the teens raise hot topics that range from UFO sightings to music, and from Lanky's release to what's in store when school is back in session. While discussing those topics, they realize some crazy truths about each other.

## Cast

* Kevin Daniel Carey as party goer
* Enzo Cellucci as Rizzo
* Alivia Clark as Amy
* Ashling Doyle as Tonya
* Tanner Flood as Shel
* James Freedson-Jackson as Lanky
* Oliver Gifford as Brad
* Nolan Lyons as Dean
* Sam McCarthy as Peter
* Taylor Richardson as Missy
* Erich Schuett as James
* Ivy Miller as Kira

## Reception

On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a 60% approval rating based on 15 reviews, with an average ranking of 6/10.

In August, 2021 critic WorldFilmGeek listed *18 To Party* in their Top Ten Teen Movies of all-time at #9.

Nick Allen of *RogerEbert.com* wrote "*18 to Party* nudges that there's got to be something more to a story concerning youth like this, that it can't feel so limited to what they see and chat about".

*Film Threat*'s Chris Salce said "*18 to Party* knows what it's going to be, and it does it well".

According to Selome Hailu of *The Austin Chronicle*, "\[The film\] need\[s\] more scrupulous eyes, but bears the palpable excitement of a new voice. It's worth the watch for indie lovers and coming-of-age aficionados, with just enough moments of true clarity to expect a more mature, balanced appeal in Roda's future".

## InfoBox

| 18 to Party | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Jeffrey Roda |
| Written by | Jeffrey Roda |
| Produced by | Andrew Cahill
Nikola Duravcevic
Emily Ziff Griffin
Stephanie Marin |
| Edited by | Kate Williams |
| Release date |  |
| Running time | 80 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: Arlington State Forest

abstract: Arlington State Forest covers 225 acres (0.91 km⁲) in Arlington, Vermont in Bennington County. The forest is managed by the Vermont Department of Forests, Parks, and Recreation for timber resources and wildlife habitat.

text:
# Arlington State Forest

**Arlington State Forest** covers 225 acres (0.91 km2) in Arlington, Vermont in Bennington County. The forest is managed by the Vermont Department of Forests, Parks, and Recreation for timber resources and wildlife habitat.

## InfoBox

| Arlington State Forest | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Type | State forest |
| Location | Arlington, Bennington County, Vermont |
| Coordinates | 43°01′52″N 73°12′10″W / 43.031089°N 73.20275°W / 43.031089; -73.20275 |
| Area | 225 acres (0.91 km2) |
| Created | 1913 |
| Operated by | Vermont Department of Forests, Parks, and Recreation |
| Website | Website |


title: Endococcus

abstract: Endococcus is a genus of lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) in the family Lichenotheliaceae. It has 44 species. The genus was circumscribed by the Finnish botanist William Nylander in 1855. Although at least one source places the genus in the Verrucariaceae, a 2016 study of the type species, Endococcus rugulosus, determined that it should instead be placed in the family Lichenotheliaceae of the order Dothideales; this classification echoes a placement proposed in 1979 by David Hawksworth.

text:
# Endococcus

***Endococcus*** is a genus of lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) in the family Lichenotheliaceae. It has 44 species. The genus was circumscribed by the Finnish botanist William Nylander in 1855. Although at least one source places the genus in the Verrucariaceae, a 2016 study of the type species, *Endococcus rugulosus*, determined that it should instead be placed in the family Lichenotheliaceae of the order Dothideales; this classification echoes a placement proposed in 1979 by David Hawksworth.

## Species

## InfoBox

| *Endococcus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Dothideomycetes |
| Order: | Lichenotheliales |
| Family: | Lichenotheliaceae |
| Genus: | *Endococcus*
Nyl. (1855) |
|
| Type species | |
| *Endococcus rugulosus*
(Borrer ex Leight.) Nyl. (1855) | |
| Species | |
| See text | |


title: Endoclonium

abstract: Endoclonium is a genus of green algae in the family Chaetophoraceae.

text:
# Endoclonium

***Endoclonium*** is a genus of green algae in the family Chaetophoraceae.

## InfoBox

| *Endoclonium* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Endoclonium marinum* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| *Clade*: | Viridiplantae |
| Division: | Chlorophyta |
| Class: | Chlorophyceae |
| Order: | Chaetophorales |
| Family: | Chaetophoraceae |
| Genus: | *Endoclonium*<br>Czymanski |
|
| Species | |
|  | |


title: Enkōji

abstract: Enkōji (延光寺) is a Chisan Shingon temple in Sukumo, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. Temple 39 on the Shikoku 88 temple pilgrimage, the main image is of Yakushi Nyorai, the Buddha of healing and medicine. The temple is said to have been founded by Gyōki in the first year of the Jinki era.

text:
# Enkōji

**Enkōji** (延光寺) is a Chisan Shingon temple in Sukumo, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. Temple 39 on the Shikoku 88 temple pilgrimage, the main image is of Yakushi Nyorai, the Buddha of healing and medicine. The temple is said to have been founded by Gyōki in the first year of the Jinki era.

## History

Gyōki founded Enkōji in 724 after receiving an imperial command by Emperor Shōmu who had an interest in establishing a system of provincial temples in Japan. Gyōki carved a wooden statue of the deity Yakushi Nyorai which he designated as a honzon of the temple. In 911, a red turtle (赤亀, *shakki*) climbed up to the temple grounds from the sea carrying a Buddhist temple bell on its back. Statues of this turtle can now be seen throughout the temple grounds along with images of the various deities that represent Enkōji. Enkōji can also be referred to as Shakkizan (赤亀山) and Jisannin (寺山院).

## Buildings

* Hondō, early Jinki period
* Sanmon: Niōmon (仁王門)
* Shōrō
* Gomadō (護摩堂): Shrine within the temple grounds to conduct Goma rituals to ask for blessing from deities. Goma is conducted by burning cedar sticks available for purchase next to the gomadō.
* Eye cleansing well (根洗いの井戸)： It is said that in 795, Kōbō-Daishi (弘法大師) used a Khakkhara to break open the ground and pull water up to the surface of the earth to save the nearby villagers suffering from severe droughts. The remaining hole has been turned into a well, and is now known as the “eye cleansing well”.
* Red turtle and bell statue (赤亀と梵鐘の像)
* Japanese rock garden
* Japanese pond and stream garden (池泉式庭園): Traditional Japanese garden style that has a pond and stream as the center point of the garden. At Enkōji, a statue of a turtle emerging from the pond is the main attraction of this garden.

## Treasures

32°57′41″N 132°46′27″E / 32.961306°N 132.774056°E / 32.961306; 132.774056

## InfoBox

| Enkōji<br>延光寺 | |
| --- | --- |
| Hondō of Enkōji | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Shingon, Chisan sect |
| Deity | Yakushi Nyorai |
| Location | |
| Location | Sukumo, Kōchi-ken |
| Country | Japan |
| Architecture | |
| Founder | Gyōki |
| Completed | 724 |


abstract: The Enlarged Committee on Foreign Affairs and Defence is a special committee of the Parliament of Norway. It holds non-disclosed discussions with the government regarding important issues of foreign affairs, trade policy and security issues. Other issues are discussed in the Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and Defence. The enlarged committee consists of the members of the Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and Defence, the parliamentary leaders and the president. Prior to 2009, the committee was called the Enlarged Committee on Foreign Affairs and consisted of both the members of the now defunct Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and the defunct Standing Committee on Defence.

text:
# Enlarged Committee on Foreign Affairs and Defence

The **Enlarged Committee on Foreign Affairs and Defence** is a special committee of the Parliament of Norway. It holds non-disclosed discussions with the government regarding important issues of foreign affairs, trade policy and security issues. Other issues are discussed in the Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and Defence. The enlarged committee consists of the members of the Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and Defence, the parliamentary leaders and the president.

Prior to 2009, the committee was called the **Enlarged Committee on Foreign Affairs** and consisted of both the members of the now defunct Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and the defunct Standing Committee on Defence.


title: 1988 FAI Cup final

abstract: The 1988 FAI Cup Final was the final match of the 1987–88 FAI Cup, a knock-out association football competition contested annually by clubs affiliated with the Football Association of Ireland. It took place on Sunday 1 May 1988 at Dalymount Park in Dublin, and was contested by Dundalk and Derry City. Dundalk won the match 1–0 to win the cup for the eighth time, and, in so doing, won their second League and Cup Double.

text:
# 1988 FAI Cup final

The **1988 FAI Cup Final** was the final match of the 1987–88 FAI Cup, a knock-out association football competition contested annually by clubs affiliated with the Football Association of Ireland. It took place on Sunday 1 May 1988 at Dalymount Park in Dublin, and was contested by Dundalk and Derry City. Dundalk won the match 1–0 to win the cup for the eighth time, and, in so doing, won their second League and Cup Double.

## Background

The two sides' three previous meetings that season had been in the League, with Dundalk winning both matches in Oriel Park and Derry winning the match in the Brandywell. Dundalk had already been confirmed League of Ireland Champions for 1987–88, and they were chasing their second League and Cup Double. They had lost the previous season's final and hadn't won the Cup since 1981. To reach the final they had defeated Sligo Rovers (3–2 in a replay after a 1–1 draw), Bray Wanderers (2–0), Cork City (1–0 in a replay after a 0–0 draw), and St Patrick's Athletic (4–0 on aggregate in a two-leg semi-final).

Derry City had joined the League in 1985–86, and been promoted in 1986–87. They finished eighth in the Premier Division in their first season, and were playing in their first FAI Cup final, but had already qualified for the 1988–89 European Cup Winners' Cup due to Dundalk qualifying for the 1988–89 European Cup. They had overcome non-league St Joseph's Boys (6–0), Bohemians (4–1 in a replay after a 0–0 draw), Home Farm (3–0), and Longford Town (6–2 on aggregate in a two-leg semi-final) to reach the final.

The match was broadcast live on RTÉ Two in Ireland with commentary from George Hamilton.

## Match

### Summary

The match, spoiled somewhat by a strong blustery wind and a cut-up pitch, was settled by a controversial 20th-minute penalty, scored by John Cleary. Derry's Martin Bayly had been harshly adjudged to have fouled Dundalk's Larry Wyse by referee Spillane, when Bayly pushed Wyse on the right-hand side of the penalty area but not with enough force to knock him over. Derry City had two claims for penalties of their own waved away in the second half, but on the balance of play Dundalk were considered to have been the better team, generally snuffing out Derry City's attacking play and creating a number of good chances of their own. Dundalk's victory meant that they had secured their second League and Cup Double, the first having been won in 1978–79.

### Details

| Dundalk | 1–0 | Derry City |
| --- | --- | --- |
| John Cleary  20' (pen.) | Report |  |

Dalymount Park, DublinAttendance: 21,000Referee: John Spillane

| GK   Alan O'Neill  CB   Harry McCue  CB   John Cleary  CB   Joey Malone ()  RWB   Gino Lawless  LWB   Martin Lawlor  CM   Martin Murray  CM   Larry Wyse   70'  CM   Barry Kehoe  CF   Terry Eviston   CF   Dessie Gorman   **Substitutes:**  MF   Michael O'Connor   70'  **Manager:**  Turlough O'Connor |  | GK   Stuart Roberts  RB   Pascal Vaudequin  CB   Paul Curran  CB   Stuart Gauld ()  LB   Ray McGuinness  RM   Paul Carlyle  CM   Felix Healy   63'  CM   Calvin Plummer  LM   Martin Bayly  CF   Owen Da Gama  CF   Jonathan Speak  **Substitutes:**  MF   John Cunningham   63'  **Manager:**  Jim McLaughlin |
| --- | --- | --- |

Bibliography * Murphy, Jim (2003). *The History of Dundalk F.C.: The First 100 Years*. Dundalgan Press. ASIN B0042SO3R2.
* Wilson, David (2007). *Derry City FC: City Till I Die*. Zero Seven Media. ISSN 1753-8904.
* Graham, Alex. *Football in the Republic of Ireland a Statistical Record 1921–2005*. Soccer Books Limited. ISBN 1-86223-135-4.

Citations

## InfoBox

1988 FAI Cup Final
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Event | 1987–88 FAI Cup |
|  | |
| Date | 1 May 1988 |
| Venue | Dalymount Park, Dublin |
| Referee | John Spillane |
| Attendance | 21,000 |
|


abstract: The 1988 European Weightlifting Championships were held in Cardiff, United Kingdom from 26 April to 3 May 1988. This was the 67th edition of the event. There were 175 men in action from 25 nations. The women competition were held in City of San Marino, San Marino. It was the 1st event for the women.

text:
# 1988 European Weightlifting Championships

The **1988 European Weightlifting Championships** were held in Cardiff, United Kingdom from 26 April to 3 May 1988. This was the 67th edition of the event. There were 175 men in action from 25 nations. The women competition were held in City of San Marino, San Marino. It was the 1st event for the women.

## Medal summary

### Men

| Event | Gold | | Silver | | Bronze | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 52 kg | | | | | | |
| Snatch | Sevdalin Marinov
Bulgaria | 115.0 kg | Traian Cihărean
Romania | 110.0 kg | Bela Olah
Hungary | 105.0 kg |
| Clean & Jerk | Sevdalin Marinov
Bulgaria | 145.0 kg | Traian Cihărean
Romania | 140.0 kg | Bela Olah
Hungary | 127.5 kg |
| **Total** | **Sevdalin Marinov
Bulgaria** | **260.0 kg** | **Traian Cihărean
Romania** | **250.0 kg** | **Bela Olah
Hungary** | **232.5 kg** |
| 56 kg | | | | | | |
| Snatch | Mitko Grablev
Bulgaria | 120.0 kg | Neno Terziyski
Bulgaria | 120.0 kg | Dimitru Negreanu
Romania | 115.0 kg |
| Clean & Jerk | Mitko Grablev
Bulgaria | 167.5 kg | Neno Terziyski
Bulgaria | 167.5 kg | Andreas Letz
East Germany | 145.0 kg |
| **Total** | **Mitko Grablev
Bulgaria** | **287.5 kg** | **Neno Terziyski
Bulgaria** | **287.5 kg** | **Dimitru Negreanu
Romania** | **257.5 kg** |
| 60 kg | | | | | | |
| Snatch | Naim Süleymanoğlu
Turkey | 150.0 kg
**WR** | Stefan Topurov
Bulgaria | 145.0 kg | Attila Czanka
Romania | 140.0 kg |
| Clean & Jerk | Naim Süleymanoğlu
Turkey | 180.0 kg | Stefan Topurov
Bulgaria | 177.5 kg | Attila Czanka
Romania | 175.0 kg |
| **Total** | **Naim Süleymanoğlu
Turkey** | **330.0 kg** | **Stefan Topurov
Bulgaria** | **322.5 kg** | **Attila Czanka
Romania** | **315.0 kg** |
| 67.5 kg | | | | | | |
| Snatch | Valery Yurov
Soviet Union | 147.5 kg | Joachim Kunz
East Germany | 142.5 kg | Bogdan Bakula
Poland | 137.5 kg |
| Clean & Jerk | Valery Yurov
Soviet Union | 180.0 kg | Joachim Kunz
East Germany | 177.5 kg | Reijo Kiiskilä
Finland | 165.0 kg |
| **Total** | **Valery Yurov
Soviet Union** | **327.5 kg** | **Joachim Kunz
East Germany** | **320.0 kg** | **Bogdan Bakula
Poland** | **302.5 kg** |
| 75 kg | | | | | | |
| Snatch | Angel Genchev
Bulgaria | 162.5 kg | Andrei Socaci
Romania | 160.0 kg | Waldemar Kosiński
Poland | 157.5 kg |
| Clean & Jerk | Angel Genchev
Bulgaria | 210.0 kg | Andrei Socaci
Romania | 190.0 kg | Waldemar Kosiński
Poland | 185.0 kg |
| **Total** | **Angel Genchev
Bulgaria** | **372.5 kg** | **Andrei Socaci
Romania** | **350.0 kg** | **Waldemar Kosiński
Poland** | **342.5 kg** |
| 82.5 kg | | | | | | |
| Snatch | Sergey Li
Soviet Union | 175.0 kg | Constantin Urdas
Romania | 172.5 kg | Alexander Gusakov
Soviet Union | 170.0 kg |
| Clean & Jerk | Constantin Urdas
Romania | 215.0 kg | Sergey Li
Soviet Union | 210.0 kg | Alexander Gusakov
Soviet Union | 205.0 kg |
| **Total** | **Constantin Urdas
Romania** | **387.5 kg** | **Sergey Li
Soviet Union** | **385.0 kg** | **Alexander Gusakov
Soviet Union** | **375.0 kg** |
| 90 kg | | | | | | |
| Snatch | Ivan Chakarov
Bulgaria | 187.5 kg | Anatoly Khrapaty
Soviet Union | 185.0 kg | Rumen Teodosiev
Bulgaria | 180.0 kg |
| Clean & Jerk | Anatoly Khrapaty
Soviet Union | 235.0 kg
**WR** | Ivan Chakarov
Bulgaria | 230.0 kg | Rumen Teodosiev
Bulgaria | 220.0 kg |
| **Total** | **Anatoly Khrapaty
Soviet Union** | **420.0 kg** | **Ivan Chakarov
Bulgaria** | **417.5 kg** | **Rumen Teodosiev
Bulgaria** | **400.0 kg** |
| 100 kg | | | | | | |
| Snatch | Andor Szanyi
Hungary | 185.0 kg | Aleksandr Popov
Soviet Union | 185.0 kg | Detelin Petrov
Bulgaria | 185.0 kg |
| Clean & Jerk | Detelin Petrov
Bulgaria | 240.0 kg | Aleksandr Popov
Soviet Union | 237.5 kg | Andor Szanyi
Hungary | 235.0 kg |
| **Total** | **Detelin Petrov
Bulgaria** | **425.0 kg** | **Aleksandr Popov
Soviet Union** | **422.5 kg** | **Andor Szanyi
Hungary** | **420.0 kg** |
| 110 kg | | | | | | |
| Snatch | Yury Zakharevich
Soviet Union | 203.5 kg
**WR** | Norberto Oberburger
Italy | 195.0 kg | Ronny Weller
East Germany | 192.5 kg |
| Clean & Jerk | Yury Zakharevich
Soviet Union | 250.5 kg
**WR** | Stefan Botev
Bulgaria | 247.5 kg | Ronny Weller
East Germany | 242.5 kg |
| **Total** | **Yury Zakharevich
Soviet Union** | **452.5 kg**
**WR** | **Stefan Botev
Bulgaria** | **437.5 kg** | **Ronny Weller
East Germany** | **435.0 kg** |
| +110 kg | | | | | | |
| Snatch | Aleksander Levandovski
Soviet Union | 210.0 kg | Leonid Taranenko
Soviet Union | 207.5 kg | Antonio Krastev
Bulgaria | 202.5 kg |
| Clean & Jerk | Manfred Nerlinger
West Germany | 257.5 kg | Leonid Taranenko
Soviet Union | 255.0 kg | Antonio Krastev
Bulgaria | 245.0 kg |
| **Total** | **Leonid Taranenko
Soviet Union** | **462.5 kg** | **Antonio Krastev
Bulgaria** | **447.5 kg** | **Manfred Nerlinger
West Germany** | **442.5 kg** |

### Women

See Mistrzostwa Europy Kobiet w Podnoszeniu Ciężarów 1988 on Polish Wikipedia.

## Medal table

Ranking by **Big** (Total result) medals

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Bulgaria (BUL) | 4 | 5 | 1 | 10 |
| 2 | Soviet Union (URS) | 4 | 2 | 1 | 7 |
| 3 | Romania (ROU) | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
| 4 | Turkey (TUR) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | East Germany (GDR) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 6 | Hungary (HUN) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| | Poland (POL) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 8 | West Germany (FRG) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (8 entries) | | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |

* Results (Chidlovski.net)
* Панорама спортивного года 1988 / Сост. Ю. С. Лукашин — М.: Физкультура и спорт, 1989. (in Russian)

## InfoBox

1988 European Championships
|  | |
| --- | --- |


title: 1988 European Tour

abstract: The 1988 European Tour, titled as the 1988 Volvo Tour for sponsorship reasons, was the 17th season of the European Tour, the main professional golf tour in Europe since its inaugural season in 1972.

text:
# 1988 European Tour

The **1988 European Tour**, titled as the **1988 Volvo Tour** for sponsorship reasons, was the 17th season of the European Tour, the main professional golf tour in Europe since its inaugural season in 1972.

## Volvo title sponsorship

In May 1987, it was announced that the tour had signed a title sponsorship agreement with Volvo, being renamed as the **Volvo Tour**. The agreement was reported to be worth 10,000,000 over five years.

## Changes for 1988

The season was made up of 30 tournaments counting for the Order of Merit, and several non-counting "Approved Special Events".

There were several changes from the previous season, with the addition of the Open de Baleares, the Biarritz Open, the English Open and the Volvo Masters; the return of the Torras Hostench Barcelona Open, which had been cancelled due to bad weather in 1987; and the loss of the Lawrence Batley International. The Moroccan Open, originally scheduled to open the season, was initially postponed until October but ultimately cancelled.

## Schedule

The following table lists official events during the 1988 season.

| Date | Tournament | Host country | Purse
() | Winner | OWGR
points | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 13 Mar | Mallorca Open de Baleares | Spain | 200,000 | Seve Ballesteros (35) | 20 | New tournament |
| 20 Mar | Torras Hostench Barcelona Open | Spain | 200,000 | David Whelan (1) | 18 |  |
| 3 Apr | AGF Biarritz Open | France | 150,000 | David Llewellyn (1) | 16 | New tournament |
| 10 Apr | **Masters Tournament** | United States | US$1,000,000 | **Sandy Lyle** (14) | 100 | Major championship |
| 17 Apr | Cannes Open | France | 200,000 | Mark McNulty (7) | 20 |  |
| 24 Apr | Cepsa Madrid Open | Spain | 200,000 | Derrick Cooper (1) | 22 |  |
| 1 May | Portuguese Open | Portugal | 200,000 | Mike Harwood (1) | 18 |  |
| 8 May | Epson Grand Prix of Europe Matchplay Championship | Wales | 275,000 | Bernhard Langer (19) | 40 | Limited-field event |
| 15 May | Peugeot Spanish Open | Spain | 175,000 | Mark James (9) | 38 |  |
| 22 May | Lancia Italian Open | Italy | 225,000 | Greg Norman (12) | 24 |  |
| 30 May | Volvo PGA Championship | England | 300,000 | Ian Woosnam (9) | 44 |  |
| 5 Jun | Dunhill British Masters | England | 250,000 | Sandy Lyle (15) | 42 |  |
| 12 Jun | Wang Four Stars National Pro-Celebrity | England | 200,000 | Rodger Davis (3) | 20 | Pro-Am |
| 19 Jun | Volvo Belgian Open | Belgium | 200,000 | José María Olazábal (3) | 16 |  |
| 19 Jun | **U.S. Open** | United States | US$1,000,000 | **Curtis Strange** (n/a) | 100 | Major championship |
| 26 Jun | Peugeot Open de France | France | 275,000 | Nick Faldo (14) | 40 |  |
| 2 Jul | Monte Carlo Open | France | 200,000 | José Rivero (3) | 24 |  |
| 9 Jul | Bell's Scottish Open | Scotland | 250,000 | Barry Lane (1) | 44 |  |
| 17 Jul | **The Open Championship** | England | 500,000 | **Seve Ballesteros** (36) | 100 | Major championship |
| 24 Jul | KLM Dutch Open | Netherlands | 250,000 | Mark Mouland (2) | 34 |  |
| 31 Jul | Scandinavian Enterprise Open | Sweden | 250,000 | Seve Ballesteros (37) | 34 |  |
| 7 Aug | Benson & Hedges International Open | England | 250,000 | Peter Baker (1) | 38 |  |
| 14 Aug | PLM Open | Sweden | 200,000 | Frank Nobilo (1) | 16 |  |
| 14 Aug | **PGA Championship** | United States | US$1,000,000 | **Jeff Sluman** (n/a) | 100 | Major championship |
| 21 Aug | Carroll's Irish Open | Ireland | 225,000 | Ian Woosnam (10) | 42 |  |
| 28 Aug | German Open | West Germany | 275,000 | Seve Ballesteros (38) | 38 |  |
| 4 Sep | Ebel European Masters Swiss Open | Switzerland | 400,000 | Chris Moody (1) | 44 |  |
| 11 Sep | Panasonic European Open | England | 300,000 | Ian Woosnam (11) | 42 |  |
| 18 Sep | Trophée Lancôme | France | 400,000 | Seve Ballesteros (39) | 46 | Limited-field event |
| 25 Sep | German Masters | West Germany | 300,000 | José María Olazábal (4) | 44 |  |
| 2 Oct | English Open | England | 175,000 | Howard Clark (11) | 16 | New tournament |
| ~~9 Oct~~
~~6 Mar~~ | Moroccan Open | Morocco |  | *Cancelled* |  |  |
| 23 Oct | BNP Jersey Open | Jersey | 125,000 | Des Smyth (6) | 16 |  |
| 30 Oct | Volvo Masters | Spain | 350,000 | Nick Faldo (15) | 44 | New tournament
Tour Championship |

### Unofficial events

The following events were sanctioned by the European Tour, but did not carry official money, nor were wins official.

| Date | Tournament | Host country | Purse
() | Winner(s) | OWGR
points | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 10 Oct | Suntory World Match Play Championship | England | 275,000 | Sandy Lyle | 32 | Limited-field event |
| 16 Oct | Dunhill Cup | Scotland | US$1,000,000 | Team England | n/a | Team event |
| 18 Oct | Equity & Law Challenge | England | 125,000 | Ronan Rafferty | n/a |  |
| 27 Oct | UAP European Under-25 Championship | France | n/a | Jean van de Velde | n/a |  |
| 6 Nov | Europcar Cup | France | n/a | Team Sweden | n/a | Team event |
| 13 Nov | Benson & Hedges Trophy | Spain | 200,000 | Mark McNulty and
Marie-Laure Taya | n/a | Team event |
| 11 Dec | World Cup | Australia | US$750,000 | Ben Crenshaw and
Mark McCumber | n/a | Team event |
| | World Cup Individual Trophy | | | Ben Crenshaw | n/a |  |
| 18 Dec | Kirin Cup | United States | US$1,000,000 | Team USA | n/a | Team event |

## Order of Merit

The Order of Merit was titled as the **Volvo Order of Merit** and was based on prize money won during the season, calculated in Pound sterling.

| Position | Player | Prize money () |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Seve Ballesteros | 451,560 |
| 2 | Nick Faldo | 347,971 |
| 3 | José María Olazábal | 285,964 |
| 4 | Ian Woosnam | 234,991 |
| 5 | Sandy Lyle | 186,018 |
| 6 | Mark McNulty | 180,992 |
| 7 | Des Smyth | 171,951 |
| 8 | Mark James | 152,900 |
| 9 | Ronan Rafferty | 132,395 |
| 10 | José Rivero | 131,079 |

## Awards

| Award | Winner | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Golfer of the Year | Seve Ballesteros |  |
| Sir Henry Cotton Rookie of the Year | Colin Montgomerie |  |

1. White, Graeme (26 May 1987). "Volvo boost for Euro golf". *Black Country Evening Mail*. West Bromwich, United Kingdom. p. 33. Retrieved 19 October 2023  via Newspapers.com.
2. Williams, Michael (26 May 1987). "PGA Tour in £10m Volvo deal". *The Daily Telegraph*. London, United Kingdom. p. 29. Retrieved 20 October 2023  via Newspapers.com.
3. Platts, Mitchell (1 December 1987). "Shooting for £10m in the rosy tour garden of Europe". *The Times*. p. 42. Retrieved 26 May 2020  via The Times Digital Archive.
4. Davies, David (1 December 1987). "Rich pickings for Europe's Volvo drivers". *The Guardian*. London, United Kingdom. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
5. "At last! English get their own Open". *Irish Independent*. 26 January 1988. p. 15. Retrieved 25 May 2020  via British Newspaper Archive.
6. "Sport in brief | Open closed". *The Times*. 12 September 1988. p. 38. Retrieved 26 May 2020  via The Times Digital Archive.
7. "1988 Tournament schedule". European Tour. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
8. "Golf | European Order of Merit". *Birmingham Metronews*. Birmingham, United Kingdom. 2 November 1988. p. 19. Retrieved 20 October 2023  via Newspapers.com.
9. Moseley, Ron (1 November 1988). "Europeans on top of the world". *Huddersfield Daily Examiner*. Huddersfield, United Kingdom. Press Association. p. 13. Retrieved 20 October 2023  via Newspapers.com.
10. Laidlaw, Renton (20 December 1988). "Seve wins another award". *Evening Standard*. London, United Kingdom. p. 38. Retrieved 20 October 2023  via Newspapers.com.
11. "Colin named top 'Rookie'". *Evening Sentinel*. Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom. 14 November 1988. p. 17. Retrieved 20 October 2023  via Newspapers.com.

## InfoBox

1988 European Tour season
| Duration | 10 March 1988 (1988-03-10) – 30 October 1988 (1988-10-30) |
| --- | --- |
| Number of official events | 30 |
| Most wins | Seve Ballesteros (5) |
| Order of Merit | Seve Ballesteros |
| Golfer of the Year | Seve Ballesteros |
| Sir Henry Cotton Rookie of the Year | Colin Montgomerie |
| 1987 1989 | |


title: 1988 European Wrestling Championships

abstract: The 1988 European Wrestling Championships were held in the men's Freestyle style in Manchester 13 – 16 April 1988; the Greco-Romane style in Kolbotn 10 – 13 May 1988; the women's Freestyle style in Dijon 14 – 17 July 1988.

text:
# 1988 European Wrestling Championships

The **1988 European Wrestling Championships** were held in the men's Freestyle style in Manchester 13 – 16 April 1988; the Greco-Romane style in Kolbotn 10 – 13 May 1988; the women's Freestyle style in Dijon 14 – 17 July 1988.

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Soviet Union | 15 | 2 | 2 | 19 |
| 2 | France | 8 | 4 | 3 | 15 |
| 3 | Bulgaria | 2 | 4 | 8 | 14 |
| 4 | Hungary | 2 | 3 | 3 | 8 |
| 5 | Norway | 2 | 3 | 2 | 7 |
| 6 | East Germany | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 7 | Romania | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| | Turkey | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 9 | Finland | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| | Yugoslavia | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 11 | Belgium | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| | Czechoslovakia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| | Denmark | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| | Great Britain | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 15 | Sweden | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 16 | Netherlands | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| | West Germany | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (17 entries) | | 29 | 28 | 27 | 84 |

## Medal summary

### Men's freestyle

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 48 kg | Vasili Gogolev
Soviet Union | Romica Rașovan
Romania | Marian Nedkov
Bulgaria |
| 52 kg | Valentin Yordanov
Bulgaria | Vladimir Toguzov
Soviet Union | Shaban Tërstena
Yugoslavia |
| 57 kg | Sergei Beloglazov
Soviet Union | Ahmet Ak
Turkey | Stefan Ivanov
Bulgaria |
| 62 kg | Stepan Sarkisyan
Soviet Union | Karsten Polky
East Germany | Simeon Shterev Sr.
Bulgaria |
| 68 kg | Arsen Fadzaev
Soviet Union | Attila Podolszki
Hungary | Bejshchet Selimov
Bulgaria |
| 74 kg | Adlan Varayev
Soviet Union | Pekka Rauhala
Finland | Rahmat Sofiadi
Bulgaria |
| 82 kg | Yuri Vorobiov
Soviet Union | Hans Gstöttner
East Germany | Aleksandar Nanev
Bulgaria |
| 90 kg | Makharbek Khadartsev
Soviet Union | Mehmet Türkkaya
Turkey | Gábor Tóth
Hungary |
| 100 kg | Leri Khabelov
Soviet Union | Noel Loban
Great Britain | Uwe Neupert
East Germany |
| 130 kg | Aslan Khadartsev
Soviet Union | Atanas Atanasov
Bulgaria | Andreas Schröder
East Germany |

### Men's Greco-Roman

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 48 kg | Lars Rønningen
Norway | Sergey Suvorov
Soviet Union | Bratan Tsenov
Bulgaria |
| 52 kg | Aleksandr Ignatenko
Soviet Union | Jon Rønningen
Norway | Valentin Krumov
Bulgaria |
| 57 kg | Aleksandr Shestakov
Soviet Union | Stoyan Balov
Bulgaria | András Sike
Hungary |
| 62 kg | Jenő Bódi
Hungary | Nencho Nenchev
Bulgaria | Arutik Rubenian
Soviet Union |
| 68 kg | Attila Repka
Hungary | Petrică Cărare
Romania | Lars Lagerborg
Sweden |
| 74 kg | Bisolt Detsiyev
Soviet Union | Jaroslav Zeman
Czechoslovakia | János Takács
Hungary |
| 82 kg | Mikhail Mamiashvili
Soviet Union | Tibor Komáromi
Hungary | Timo Niemi
Finland |
| 90 kg | Ivaylo Yordanov
Bulgaria | Sándor Major
Hungary | Pavel Potapov
Soviet Union |
| 100 kg | Anatoli Fedorenko
Soviet Union | Jožef Tertei
Yugoslavia | Gerhard Himmel
West Germany |
| 130 kg | Alexandr Karelin
Soviet Union | Krasimir Radoev
Bulgaria | Tomas Johansson
Sweden |

### Women's freestyle

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 44 kg | Valérie Delvaux
France | Brigitte Weigert
Belgium | Isabelle Poomarts
France |
| 47 kg | Ferouzia Cheufri
France | Nadia Saïdi
France | Lynie van der Holst
Netherlands |
| 50 kg | Martine Poupon
France | Anne Marie Halvorsen
Norway | Eve Joly
France |
| 53 kg | Sylvie van Gucht
France | Sandrine Laroza
France | Thinka Bergh
Sweden |
| 57 kg | Jocelyne Sagon
France | Isabelle Dourthe
France | Runi Rodal
Norway |
| 61 kg | Brigitte Siffert
France | Christelle Rieu
France | Ine Barlie
Norway |
| 65 kg | Heidi Kleven
Norway | Dörthe Pedersen
Denmark | Marie-Line Meurisse
France |
| 70 kg | Georgette Jean
France | Kirsten Borgen
Norway | None Awarded |
| 75 kg | Patricia Rossignol
France | None Awarded | None Awarded |

## InfoBox

| 1988 European Wrestling Championships | |
| --- | --- |
| Host city | United Kingdom, Manchester(Freestyle)
Norway Kolbotn(Greco-Roman)
France |
| Dates | 13 – 16 April 1988
10 – 13 May 1988
14 – 17 July 1988 |
| Champions | |
| Freestyle | Soviet Union |
| Greco-Roman | Soviet Union |
| Women | France |
|  | |


title: Armadillidium nasatum

abstract: Armadillidium nasatum, the nosy pill woodlouse, is a large, Western European-based species of woodlouse that has been introduced to North America, along with Armadillidium vulgare also found in other parts of Europe.

text:
# Armadillidium nasatum

***Armadillidium nasatum***, the **nosy pill woodlouse**, is a large, Western European-based species of woodlouse that has been introduced to North America, along with *Armadillidium vulgare* also found in other parts of Europe.

## Description

*Armadillidium nasatum* can reach lengths of up to 21 millimetres. Like *Armadillidium depressum*, it does not form a complete ball when enrolled. Though similar in outwards appearance to *Armadillidium vulgare* in dark grey color, the main distinguishing feature is a rectangular-like protrusion ("nose") towards the apex of the head. The tail (telson) has a rounded tip with incurved sides, as opposed to most genus *Armadillidium* species which have a smaller, flat tail. Pale longitudinal stripes spanning from head to rear are seen on some individuals, though this is variable and is not a diagnostic feature.

## Distribution

*Armadillidium nasatum* occurs in patches in southern England, with concentrated areas in its range and sporadic occurrences in Ireland. It lives in dryer areas than most woodlice, is synanthropic, and is frequently found in non-inhabited areas such as railway lines and industrial waste ground. Like other woodlice, it is found under stones and wood.

## Subspecies

There are five recognized subspecies in the species *Armadillidium nasatum*:

## InfoBox

| *Armadillidium nasatum* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Armadillidium nasatum*, in standard posture (above) and conglobated (below) | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Order: | Isopoda |
| Suborder: | Oniscidea |
| Family: | Armadillidiidae |
| Genus: | *Armadillidium* |
| Species: | ***A. nasatum*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Armadillidium nasatum***<br>Budde-Lund, 1833 | |
|
| Subspecies | |
| Five subspecies | |
|  | |
| Range (UK only) | |
| Synonyms | |
| * *Armadillidium mehelyi* * *Armadillidium nasutum* * *Armadillidium quadrifrons* * *Armadillidium sorrentinum* * *Armadillidium speyeri* | |


abstract: Mark I. Kaminsky and Harvey C. Bennett were American tourists who were detained in the Soviet Union in 1960. Kaminsky was put on trial, sentenced to seven years' jail, then expelled from the Soviet Union as a spy. Kaminsky's obituary states that he was an undercover agent for the United States government.

text:
# Arrest of Mark Kaminsky and Harvey Bennett

| Harvey C. Bennett | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | c. 1934
Bath, Maine |

**Mark I. Kaminsky** and **Harvey C. Bennett** were American tourists who were detained in the Soviet Union in 1960. Kaminsky was put on trial, sentenced to seven years' jail, then expelled from the Soviet Union as a spy.

Kaminsky's obituary states that he was an undercover agent for the United States government.

## Background

Bennett and Kaminsky met each other in the United States Air Force in 1953.

Kaminsky, a 28-year-old single man, spoke fluent Russian from his parents who immigrated to the United States. His family was living in Edwardsburg, Michigan. In 1959 he was a Russian-speaking guide at the American National Exhibition in Moscow, Russia. He was a Michigan schoolteacher who was planning on teaching Russian at Purdue University in the fall of 1960.

At age 26 Bennett was married and living in Bath, Maine and had just graduated from UCLA. He was "trying to make up his mind whether to become a teacher of the Russian language or a Foreign Service officer."

## Tour through the Soviet Union

Kaminsky and Bennett arrived in Helsinki, Finland. They rented a car and drove into Russia on July 27, 1960. The pair were visiting the Soviet Union under a $2,000 scholarship from the Northcraft Educational Foundation in Philadelphia.

On August 17, Eugene Power and his son Phillip, met the two men. Eugene's son told him that Kaminsky had told him that the pair were planning to deliver a message to the family of a Russian man who had defected to the United States. He also asked Phillip to contact the State Department should they end up missing. Kaminsky told Phillip that they planned to take photographs of a submarine installation which was in a "restricted area" the following day, August 18, 1960. Eugene later said, "Frankly, I think they ask for their trouble."

Bennett's wife said she last heard from Bennett in a letter dated August 19 that was postmarked Vinnitsa, Russia, the American model town (spy town) in Ukraine.

The pair headed to Uzhgorod, where they planned to drive in to Czechoslovakia.

According to TASS news agency, the two Americans "intentionally deviated from their permitted route near Uzhgorod (near the Soviet Union's Czech-Hungarian frontier) and penetrated a significant distance inside a restricted border area" while on a motor tour of the Soviet countryside". TASS reported that Kaminsky was "carrying maps on which were marked military installations in the western Ukraine" and "Photographic film and a notebook proving he was collecting intelligence data on Soviet territory".

Kaminsky stated the pair were stopped at a check point near the Czechoslovakian border. A KGB guard escorted them to the nearby town of Chop. After interrogation, they were stopped at the Czechoslovakia border again. All of their film was taken and developed. After the film was developed, the men were searched.

The United States State Department reported that another tourist saw Kaminsky on August 25, 1960, "at the Soviet border control point in the Soviet Intourist travel agency hotel at Uzhgorod, at the border of Czechoslovakia". The tourist reported that Kaminsky "was under detention for having taken a photograph."

In September 1960 the two tourists disappeared. The wife of Harvey, Rena Bennett reported them missing.

## Arrest

The two men stayed in a Uzhgorod hotel for nine days that "amounted to house arrest". They were then flown to Kiev. Kaminsky was put in solitary confinement cell number 35 in KGB headquarters. Bennett stayed in a hotel as a witness.

## Trial

After their arrest, Kaminsky and Bennett were given a lawyer who strongly advised them to plead guilty to all charges. The two men admitted they took pictures for a book Kaminsky was writing for the Northcraft Educational Fund.

Kaminsky was charged with espionage under Article II of the Soviet code on crimes against the state. Kaminsky said that "although I knew that I was being tried under article two of the Soviet Law and that carries the death sentence, I was repeatedly assured by the Russians that they would not execute me." The prosecutor even told Kaminsky, "Keep your head up Kaminsky, you're not going to die here". Kaminsky had long discussions with the prosecutor on who would win the United States presidential election.

On September 16, 1960, a military court in Western Ukraine sentenced Kaminsky to seven years in prison. According to TASS, during the trial, Bennett was called as a witness against Kaminsky and "denounced Kaminsky's activities and declared they were incompatible with tourism." Bennett later denied this claim.

Kaminsky appealed the sentence to the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet. Because he reported admission of guilt and expression of repentance, the Presidium ruled he should be expelled instead of being sent to jail. Kaminsky was released from jail on October 14.

## Question to Nikita Khrushchev

While in New York, Nikita Khrushchev was asked by NBC's Joe Michaels about the American tourists who were arrested for taking pictures. Khrushchev turned to Joe Michaels and said, "You are an evil man. I will not answer any more of your questions."

## Return to the United States

The men returned to the United States on October 20.

When Kaminsky returned to the United States, he stated that "he planned originally to tour Russia for five weeks to gather information for a book 'to show that the Soviet Union continually talks about peace but is preparing for war.'" He admitted he had planned to write a "slanderous" book about the Soviet Union. He had taken "pictures that would have shown the preparations for war on the Soviet borders facing west where the West has openly charged the Soviets keep 75 divisions at the ready...there are far more soldiers and military installations in the border zone, than there are civilians and farms and towns." In a contradictory account, Kaminsky said that the only military object he took a picture of was a solitary radar installation in the "haze of the Russian plains about a mile away".

A lawyer for the Northcraft Educational Foundation refused to name the "group's backers or give the location of its headquarters". TASS had called it a "spy organization".

## Kaminsky's death

Kaminsky died on February 15, 2007. One of his obituaries states that he was an "undercover agent" for the United States government.

1. Obituary: Mark I. Kaminsky Archived January 8, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, South Bend Tribune, February 16, 2007.
2. United Press International, September 16, 1960.
3. "Madera Tribune 18 October 1960 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". *cdnc.ucr.edu*.
4. Two American Tourists Expelled from the Soviet Union Strongly Denied Today, CIA.
5. Reds Try U.S. Tourist as Spy, *New York Herald Tribune* October 17, 1960 P1.
6. "Tourist Accused as U.S. Spy Tells of His Eerie Adventure" (PDF). *The Sunday Star*. October 30, 1960. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 24, 2017  via CIA.
7. "RUSSIA: Have Camera, Will Travel". *Time*. October 31, 1960  via content.time.com.
8. My Trial in Russia An American Tourist is Accused of Spying
9. *United States Congressional serial set*. Serial number set. U.S. G.P.O. April 22, 1817  via HathiTrust.
10. "Students/Tourists Accused of Spying in the Soviet Union 1960 Part II". *alt.assassination.jfk.narkive.com*.
11. Kaminsky Says He 'Spied' Only To Write a Book, *The Washington Post and Times-Herald*, October 18, 1960.
12. United Press International, September 16, 1960.
13. 2 Americans Vanish During Russian Tour, *Chicago Tribune*, September 17, 1960 P14.
14. "Kaminsky said he "spied" only to write a book" (PDF). *The Washington Post*. October 19, 1960. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 24, 2017. Retrieved January 7, 2018.
15. United Press International, October 18, 1960.
16. United Press International, October 18, 1960.
17. News of the World with Morgan Beatty, NBC, October 20, 1960. United States Congressional serial set, Volume 12334, page 708.\]

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Mark I. Kaminsky | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1932-02-20)February 20, 1932
Edwardsburg, Michigan |
| Died | February 15, 2007(2007-02-15) (aged 74) |
| Alma mater | University of Michigan |
| Occupation(s) | Professor of Russian Studies at Purdue University;
Holt, Rinehart & Winston |


title: Arrest of Matthew Hedges

abstract: In May 2018, Matthew Hedges, a British doctoral student who was in the United Arab Emirates for a two-week research trip, was arrested at Dubai International Airport on suspicion of spying on behalf of the British government. In November 2018, Hedges was sentenced to life imprisonment in the United Arab Emirates on charges of espionage in state security. The verdict was criticised in the United Kingdom, including by Prime Minister Theresa May and Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs Jeremy Hunt. Hedges was pardoned in November 2018, ahead of the UAE's National Day.

text:
# Arrest of Matthew Hedges

In May 2018, **Matthew Hedges**, a British doctoral student who was in the United Arab Emirates for a two-week research trip, was arrested at Dubai International Airport on suspicion of spying on behalf of the British government. In November 2018, Hedges was sentenced to life imprisonment in the United Arab Emirates on charges of espionage in state security.

The verdict was criticised in the United Kingdom, including by Prime Minister Theresa May and Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs Jeremy Hunt. Hedges was pardoned in November 2018, ahead of the UAE's National Day.

## Biography

Hedges was born in Surrey, England, and attended Cranleigh School. He works for a British cyber intelligence company. He earned a bachelor's degree from the University of Bradford. He has an MA from the University of Exeter, for the thesis "What has driven the UAE's military spending since 2001?". In 2015, he began a PhD programme at Durham University's School of Government and International Affairs examining the effects of the Arab Spring on the Gulf states. He met his wife Daniela Tejada while at the University of Exeter.

Hedges had previously worked for a security and political consultancy firm in the UAE. Since January 2016 he has been an advisor for the U.S. geopolitical risk consulting firm Gulf State Analytics.

In March 2018, Hedges wrote an article for the Middle East Policy Council on the future of the Muslim Brotherhood and the Gulf Cooperation Council, and in April 2018 an article about the modernisation of the Royal Saudi Navy for Gulf State Analytics.

As of July 2021, Hedges was continuing his doctoral studies at Durham. As of January 2023, his studies have been completed.

## Arrest and imprisonment

In April 2018, Hedges travelled to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) as part of a research trip for his PhD. He was conducting interviews for his thesis. At the end of his two-week visit, Hedges was arrested at Dubai International Airport on suspicion of spying on behalf of the British government. He was held for almost six months, mostly in solitary confinement.

According to his wife, in the first month of being detained, Hedges slept on the floor and had no access to a shower. The Emirates News Agency said that Hedges had access to medical care and that his detainment was compliant with Emirati law. According to Tejada, Hedges suffered from panic attacks while in jail. Hedges was only able to speak to his wife once a week.

In October 2018, a local report said that a foreign national, believed to be Hedges, had been accused of "seeking confidential information about the UAE", and said that the suspect had confessed to the charges. In the same month, Hedges was released on bail prior to the trial. In November 2018, Abu Dhabi court sentenced Hedges to life imprisonment in the UAE on charges of spying and providing confidential information to outside sources.

According to *The National* newspaper, a life sentence in the UAE consists of a maximum of 25 years in jail, followed by deportation for non-Emiratis. In accordance with Emirati law, Hedges was given 30 days to appeal the court ruling. According to Sulaiman Hamid al-Mazroui, the UAE ambassador to the United Kingdom, Hedges' family pleaded for a pardon.

### Reactions

British Prime Minister Theresa May called the verdict "disappointing". British Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs Jeremy Hunt criticized the verdict, claiming that it had been done in a five-minute hearing, an allegation denied by Sulaiman Hamid al-Mazroui. Non-governmental organisation Human Rights Watch said that the trial "was marred with such due process violations that there’s no way it could have been seen as a fair trial". Alex Younger, the head of MI6, said that he "couldn't understand how our Emirati partners came to the conclusions they came to."

After the verdict, the University of Birmingham voted to boycott its new campus in Dubai, in protest of the decision. Staff at Exeter University, where Hedges was previously an undergraduate, passed a motion calling for the suspension of its academic relationships with the UAE. Tejada set up an online petition which attracted over 200,000 signatures.

## Pardon and release

On 26 November 2018, Hedges was pardoned by UAE President Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, as part of the UAE tradition of pardoning people on the country's National Day.

After his release, Hedges went to the British embassy in Abu Dhabi, from where he later travelled back to the United Kingdom. He arrived at Heathrow Airport on the morning of Tuesday, 27 November 2018, where he was reunited with his wife, whom he praised for having tirelessly campaigned for his release. In December 2018, Hedges said that he was speaking to a specialist psychiatrist about the effects of his imprisonment.

## Claims for compensation

In May 2019, Hedges' lawyer lodged a complaint against the Foreign and Commonwealth Office alleging it failed in its duty of care to negotiate Hedges' release. Hedges and his wife also requested an independent inquiry. In August 2023, the British Parliamentary Ombudsman recommended that the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office apologise to Hedges for failing to protect him after his arrest and to pay him £1,500 in compensation.

In May 2021, Hedges also launched legal action against senior Emirati officials in relation to his alleged torture. He lodged a claim for compensation against four senior security officials for assault, false imprisonment and the intentional infliction of psychiatric injury during his detention. His claim was thrown out by the High Court of Justice in February 2024.

## Publications

* Hedges, M.J. & Cafiero, G. (2017). "The GCC and the Muslim Brotherhood: What Does the Future Hold?" *Middle East Policy* 24(1): 129–153.

## InfoBox

| Matthew Hedges | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1986 or 1987 (age 36–37)<br>Surrey, United Kingdom |
| Nationality | British |
| Occupation | Doctoral student |
| Known for | Imprisoned in the UAE for spying |


title: Arrest of Vladimir Putin

abstract: "Arrest of Vladimir Putin: A Report from the Courtroom" is a viral video, originally posted on YouTube on February 13, 2012 by the Russian video publishing group "Lancelot". The mock video shows Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin facing a courtroom trial. The footage was taken from the real-life trial of Mikhail Khodorkovsky and then digitally altered to make a faux news report. Putin's reply to the judge is taken from television footage where Putin is participating in the 2010 census. The video was viewed nearly 3 million times within three days and as of June 2020 has nearly 13 million views. Khodorkovsky's legal team placed a link to the video on his Twitter feed. The video was also reposted at the LiveJournal blog of Alexei Navalny. Putin's supporters made their own prank video in response, titled "Russia Without Putin – Russia Without a Future". The video plays on the popular "Russia without Putin" chant that was frequently used during the opposition protests in Russia. Days after the video was released it was revealed to be a trailer for the documentary A Coup On Russia, filmed in 2002 and banned in Russia.

text:
# Arrest of Vladimir Putin

"**Arrest of Vladimir Putin: A Report from the Courtroom**" is a viral video, originally posted on YouTube on February 13, 2012 by the Russian video publishing group "Lancelot". The mock video shows Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin facing a courtroom trial. The footage was taken from the real-life trial of Mikhail Khodorkovsky and then digitally altered to make a faux news report. Putin's reply to the judge is taken from television footage where Putin is participating in the 2010 census.

The video was viewed nearly 3 million times within three days and as of June 2020 has nearly 13 million views. Khodorkovsky's legal team placed a link to the video on his Twitter feed. The video was also reposted at the LiveJournal blog of Alexei Navalny.

Putin's supporters made their own prank video in response, titled "Russia Without Putin – Russia Without a Future". The video plays on the popular "Russia without Putin" chant that was frequently used during the opposition protests in Russia.

Days after the video was released it was revealed to be a trailer for the documentary *A Coup On Russia*, filmed in 2002 and banned in Russia.

## InfoBox

| External videos | |
| --- | --- |
| Original video, with English subtitles | |


title: Arnold of Gascony

abstract: Arnold was the Count of Fézensac and briefly Duke of Gascony in 864. He was the son of Emenon, Count of Périgord, and Sancha, daughter of Sancho Sánchez of Gascony. He made his claim on Gascony on his uncle's death. In 863, King Charles the Bald nominated him Count of Angoulême and Bordeaux. The next year he became duke defending the Gascon frontier, but he died fighting the Norsemen within months.

text:
# Arnold of Gascony

**Arnold** (also *Arnaut* or *Arnaud*) (died 864) was the Count of Fézensac and briefly Duke of Gascony in 864. He was the son of Emenon, Count of Périgord, and Sancha, daughter of Sancho Sánchez of Gascony. He made his claim on Gascony on his uncle's death.

In 863, King Charles the Bald nominated him Count of Angoulême and Bordeaux. The next year he became duke defending the Gascon frontier, but he died fighting the Norsemen within months.

## Sources

* Higounet, Charles. *Bordeaux pendant le haut moyen age*. Bordeaux, 1963.
* Lewis, Archibald R. *The Development of Southern French and Catalan Society, 7181050*. University of Texas Press: Austin, 1965.


title: Enfield Locomotive Depot

abstract: The Enfield Locomotive Depot was operated by the New South Wales Government Railways in Strathfield South, Sydney. It was part of the Enfield Marshalling Yards, which covers a considerable area in the west of the modern suburb of Strathfield South. The site is now part of the Enfield Intermodal Logistics Centre.

text:
# Enfield Locomotive Depot

The **Enfield Locomotive Depot** was operated by the New South Wales Government Railways in Strathfield South, Sydney. It was part of the **Enfield Marshalling Yards**, which covers a considerable area in the west of the modern suburb of Strathfield South. The site is now part of the **Enfield Intermodal Logistics Centre**.

## History

The Enfield Locomotive Depot was the largest locomotive depot on the New South Wales Government Railways' network, being located within the confines of Enfield yard. It would eventually comprise three roundhouses. The Enfield rail yard is in the suburb of Strathfield South, and was named after the former Municipality of Enfield, which governed this area between 1889 and 1949. The modern suburb of Enfield is some distance away to the east.

With dieselisation, a new depot for diesel locomotives, Delec Locomotive Depot opened in 1958. As the steam era grew to a close, the depot gradually closed. In August 1969, the New South Wales Rail Transport Museum moved into Roundhouse 3. In 1973, the Public Transport Commission announced its intention to build a container depot on the site. The New South Wales Rail Transport Museum relocated to Thirlmere in 1975 with the roundhouses then demolished. The former depot is now part of the Enfield Intermodal Logistics Centre, a large rail-to-road container hub. Some remnants of the former depot are preserved on-site.

The turntable from Roundhouse 3 was relocated to the Trainworks Railway Museum.

## InfoBox

Enfield Locomotive Depot
| Location | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Strathfield South |
| Characteristics | |
| Operator | New South Wales Government Railways |


title: 1910 in Austria-Hungary

abstract: The following lists events that happened during 1910 in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

text:
# 1910 in Austria-Hungary

The following lists events that happened during **1910 in the Austro-Hungarian Empire**.

## Events

### February

* February 26 - Austria-Hungary grants "most favored nation" status to the United States.

### March

* March 18 - Austria-Hungary signs an agreement with Russia to restore full diplomatic relations.
* March 27 - A fire starts during a barn-dance in Ököritófülpös kills 312 people.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Decades: |  |
| See also: |  |


title: 1972–73 NTFL season

abstract: The 1972–73 NTFL season was the 52nd season of the Northern Territory Football League (NTFL). Darwin have won there 19th premiership title while defeating St Marys in the grand final by 30 points.

text:
# 1972–73 NTFL season

The **1972–73 NTFL season** was the 52nd season of the Northern Territory Football League (NTFL).

Darwin have won there 19th premiership title while defeating St Marys in the grand final by 30 points.

## Grand Final

| Premiers | GF Score | Runner-up |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Darwin** | 7.13 (55) - 3.7 (25) | St. Marys |

## InfoBox

| 1972–73 NTFL season | |
| --- | --- |
| Teams | 6 |
| Premiers | Darwin
19th premiership |
| Minor premiers | Darwin |
| Wooden spooners | Palmerston
1st wooden spoon |
|  | |


title: 130th Engineer Battalion

abstract: The 130th Engineer Battalion is a combat engineer battalion of the Puerto Rico Army National Guard allocated to the 101st Troop Command. The 130th is one of the most decorated battalions of the Puerto Rico National Guard with two Presidential Unit Citations, one Meritorious Unit Commendation, thirty five Purple Hearts, one Silver Star Medal, twenty six Bronze Star Medals, and four hundred and sixty nine Army Commendation Medals.

text:
# 130th Engineer Battalion

The **130th Engineer Battalion** (**130th EN BN**) is a combat engineer battalion of the Puerto Rico Army National Guard allocated to the 101st Troop Command. The 130th is one of the most decorated battalions of the Puerto Rico National Guard with two Presidential Unit Citations, one Meritorious Unit Commendation, thirty five Purple Hearts, one Silver Star Medal, twenty six Bronze Star Medals, and four hundred and sixty nine Army Commendation Medals.

## History

Constituted 6 February 1959 in the Puerto Rico Army National Guard as the 126th Engineer Battalion.

Organized and Federally recognized 15 February 1959 from existing units with headquarters in Carolina, Puerto Rico.

Redesignated 1 May 1959 as the 130th Engineer Battalion.

Location of headquarters changed 31 December 1967 to Vega Baja.

Ordered into active Federal service 11 February 2003 at home stations; released from active Federal service 21 May 2003 and reverted to territorial control.

Ordered into active Federal service 23 July 2006 at home stations; released from active Federal service 18 January 2008 and reverted to territorial control. The 130th Eng. Bn. completed more than 1,500 combat patrol missions in Iraq, more than 44,000 miles of roads traveled and recon, 16,500 interrogations conducted, 7,300 hours expended in IED search throughout Baghdad and found and deactivated more than 280 IEDs.

Reorganized 1 September 2008 to consist of the headquarters and the Support Company (Companies A, B, C and D concurrently reorganized and redesignated as the 1013th Engineer Company, the 1014th Engineer Company, the 1011th Engineer Company, the 1010th Engineer Company and the 215th Fire Fighter Engineer Detachment, respectively hereafter separate lineages).

## Structure

## Honors and awards

### Unit

|  | Award | Embroidery |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1st row | Presidential Unit Citation (Army) | IRAQ |
| 2nd row | Presidential Unit Citation (Navy) | IRAQ 2003 |
| 3rd row | Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army) | SOUTHWEST ASIA 2006–2007 |
| 4th row | American Campaign Streamer | N/A |
| 5th row | Afghanistan Campaign Streamer | N/A |
| 6th row | Iraq Campaign Streamer | N/A |

### Individuals

| Award | Name | Total |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Purple Heart | 34 |
|  | Silver Star | 1 |
|  | Bronze Star | 26 |
|  | Army Commendation Medal with "V" device | 13 |
|  | Army Commendation Medal | 469 |
|  | Combat Medic Badge | 12 |
|  | Combat Action Badge | 313 |
|

## InfoBox

| 130th Engineer Battalion | |
| --- | --- |
| coat of arms | |
| Founded | 6 February 1959 (1959-02-06) |
| Country | United States |
| Allegiance | Constitution of the United States |
| Branch | United States Army National Guard |
| Type | light infantry |
| Role | combat engineering |
| Size | battalion |
| Part of | 101st Troop Command |
| Garrison/HQ | Vega Baja, Puerto Rico |
| Motto(s) | *Skill And Strength* |
| Engagements | World War II
Afghanistan War
Iraq War |
| Insignia | |
| Distinctive Unit Insignia |  |