title: 2020 Rugby Europe Championship

abstract: The 2020 Rugby Europe Championship is the fourth season of the Rugby Europe International Championships, the premier rugby union competition for European national teams outside the Six Nations Championship. The competing teams are Belgium, Georgia, Romania, Russia and Spain, and Portugal, who qualified after defeating Germany in the promotion/relegation play-off of the 2019 Championship.

text:
# 2020 Rugby Europe Championship

The **2020 Rugby Europe Championship** is the fourth season of the Rugby Europe International Championships, the premier rugby union competition for European national teams outside the Six Nations Championship. The competing teams are Belgium, Georgia, Romania, Russia and Spain (the top five teams from 2019), and Portugal, who qualified after defeating Germany in the promotion/relegation play-off of the 2019 Championship.

## Participants

| Nation | Stadium | | | Head coach | Captain |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Home stadium | Capacity | Location | | |
| Belgium | Stade Communal Fallon | 2,500 | Brussels | Frédéric Cocqu | Julien Berger |
| Georgia | Boris Paichadze Dinamo Arena
Mikheil Meskhi Stadium
Aia Arena | 54,600
27,223
5,000 | Tbilisi
Tbilisi
Kutaisi | Levan Maisashvili *(interim)* | Merab Sharikadze |
| Portugal | Estádio Universitário de Lisboa
Complexo Desportivo da Caldas da Rainha
Stade Jean-Bouin | 8,000
3,250
20,000 | Lisbon
Caldas da Rainha
Paris | Patrice Lagisquet | Tomás Appleton |
| Romania | Stadionul Municipal
Stadionul Ion Oblemenco | 7,782
30,983 | Botoșani
Craiova | Andy Robinson | Mihai Macovei |
| Russia | Fisht Olympic Stadium
Kaliningrad Stadium
Kuban Stadium | 47,659
35,212
35,200 | Sochi
Kaliningrad
Krasnodar | Lyn Jones | Andrey Garbuzov |
| Spain | Estadio Nacional Complutense | 12,400 | Madrid | Santiago Santos | Gauthier Gibouin |

## Table

| Champions |
| --- |
| Advances to promotion/relegation play-off |

| Place | Nation | Games | | | | Points | | | Tries | | | TBP | LBP | GS | Table
points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Played | Won | Drawn | Lost | For | Against | Diff | For | Against | Diff | | | | |
| 1 | Georgia | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 197 | 60 | +137 | 28 | 7 | +21 | 3 | 0 | 1 | **24** |
| 2 | Spain | 5 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 103 | 93 | +10 | 14 | 8 | +6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | **13** |
| 3 | Romania | 5 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 101 | 82 | +19 | 7 | 14 | −7 | 1 | 1 | 0 | **10** |
| 4 | Portugal | 5 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 98 | 111 | -13 | 11 | 14 | −3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | **9** |
| 5 | Russia | 5 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 82 | 128 | −46 | 10 | 15 | −5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | **8** |
| 6 | Belgium | 5 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 84 | 171 | −87 | 9 | 21 | −12 | 1 | 2 | 0 | **7** |
| Source:
Points were awarded to the teams as follows:
Win – 4 points | Draw – 2 points | At least 3 more tries than opponent – 1 point | Loss within 7 points – 1 point | Loss greater than 7 points – 0 points | Completing a Grand Slam – 1 point
 |

## Fixtures

### Week 1

| Russia | 12–31 | Spain (1 TBP) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Gaisin (2) 4' c, 73' m
**Con:** Gaisin (1/2) | RE Report
WR Report | **Try:** Sánchez Borrego 37' c
Jorba 40' c
Del Hoyo Portoles 45' m
Linklater 76' m
Quercy 80' c
**Con:** Linklater (2/4)
Rabago (1/1) |

---

| Portugal | 23–17 | Belgium (1 LBP) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Cardoso Pinto 13' c
Vareta 33' c
**Con:** Antunes (2/2)
**Pen:** Antunes (3/3) | RE Report
WR Report | **Try:** Penalty try 43'
De Molder 52' c
**Con:** Williams (1/1)
**Pen:** Williams (1/1) |

---

| (1 TBP) Georgia | 41–13 | Romania |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Abzhandadze 6' m
Modebadze 45' m
Gigashvili 58' c
Kacharava (2) 64' c, 74' c
Chkoidze 78' c
**Con:** Abzhandadze (4/6)
**Pen:** Abzhandadze (1/1) | RE Report
WR Report | **Try:** Vlaicu 49' c
**Con:** Vlaicu (1/1)
**Pen:** Vlaicu (2/3) |

### Week 2

| (1 TBP) Belgium | 38–12 | Russia |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Dienst 36' c
Jadot 45' c
Berger 50' c
Deccuber 55' c
Verschelden 69' c
**Con:** Williams (5/5)
**Pen:** Williams (1/1) 28' | RE Report
WR Report | **Try:** Sozonov 19' m
Elgin 25' c
**Con:** Gaisin (1/2) |

---

| Portugal | 22–11 | Romania |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Antunes (2) 11' m, 29' m
Tadjer 51' m
**Con:** Antunes (2/3)
**Pen:** Antunes (1/1) | RE Report
WR Report | **Try:** Simionescu 64' m
**Pen:** Vlaicu (2/3) |

---

| Spain | 10–23 | Georgia |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Pinto Ferrer 8' m
Del Hoyo Portoles 78' m | RE Report
WR Report | **Try:** Mamukashvili 3' m
Tabutsadze 20' c
Mamukashvili 37' m
**Con:** Abzhandadze (1/3)
**Pen:** Abzhandadze (2/2) |

### Week 3

| Romania | 24−7 | Spain |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | RE Report
WR Report |  |

---

| (1 TBP) Georgia | 78−6 | Belgium |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Tabutsadze 7' m, 52' m, 77' m, 80' m
Karkadze 14' m
Matiashvili 17' m
Dzneladze 26' m, 69' m
Penalty Try 39' m
Begadze 43' m
Gorgadze 56' m
Tkhilaishvili 63' m
**Con:** Abzhandadze (9/11) | RE Report
WR Report | **Pen:** Vassart 20' m, 39' m |

---

| Russia | 19−18 | Portugal (1 LBP) |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | RE Report
WR Report |  |

### Week 4

| (1 LBP) Belgium | 23–30 | Spain |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | RE Report
WR Report |  |

---

| Russia | 32–25 | Romania (1 LBP) |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | RE Report
WR Report |  |

---

| Portugal | 24–39 | Georgia (1 TBP) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Costa Cardoso Pinto 6'
Antunes 22'
Belo 41'
**Con:** Antunes 7', 23', 42'
**Pen:** Antunes 64' | RE Report
WR Report | **Try:** Mamukashvili 3'
Gorgadze 9'
Kacharava 34'
Saginadze 58'
Tapladze 71'
Matiashvili 75'
**Con:** Matiashvili 4' |

### Week 5

| (1 TBP) Romania | 28–0 | Belgium |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | WR Report |  |

---

| Georgia | 16–7 | Russia |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Vasil Lobzhanidze 45'
**Con:** Tedo Abzhandadze 46'
**Pen:** Tedo Abzhandadze 53', 66', 75' | RE report
WR Report | **Try:** Bogdan Fedotko 60'
**Con:** Ramil Gaisin 61' |

---

| Spain | 25–11 | Portugal |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | RE report
WR Report |  |

## Relegation/promotion play-off

| Belgium | 21–23 | Netherlands |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | RE report
WR Report |  |

## International broadcasters

| Country | Broadcaster | Summary |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Belgium |
| | Auvio
Eén | Selected games exclusively live on RTBF Sport and selected games are also free on Eén under the name Sporza |
| Georgia | Rugby TV
Imedi TV | All games exclusively live and free on Rugby TV and Imedi TV |
| Portugal | Sport TV
Rugby TV Portugal | Selected games live on Sport TV 5 and free on Rugby TV Portugal |
| Romania | TVR | All games exclusively live and free on TVR 1 |
| Russia | Match TV
VKontakte | All games exclusively broadcast on Match TV and streamed for free on VKontakte |
| Spain | TVE | All games exclusively live and free on TVE |
| Europe | Rugby Europe TV | All games exclusively streamed and free on Rugby Europe TV |

## InfoBox

| 2020 Rugby Europe Championship | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | 1 February 2020 – 7 February 2021 |
| Countries | Belgium
Georgia
Portugal
Romania
Russia
Spain |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Champions | Georgia (12th title) |
| Grand Slam | Georgia (9th title) |
| Antim Cup | Georgia (13th title) |
| Matches played | 12 |
| Attendance | 67,792 (5,649 per match) |
| Official website | Rugby Europe International Championships |
| 2019 (Previous) (Next) 2021 | |


title: Equal Rights Advocates

abstract: Equal Rights Advocates (ERA) is an American non-profit gender justice/women's rights organization that was founded in 1974. ERA is a legal and advocacy organization for advancing rights and opportunities for women, girls, and people of marginalized gender identities through legal cases and policy advocacy. The organization advocates for the rights of women in minimum wage jobs, women of color, immigrant women, and LGBTQ+ people. ERA is based out of San Francisco and is led by executive director Noreen Farrell.

text:
# Equal Rights Advocates

**Equal Rights Advocates** (**ERA**) is an American non-profit gender justice/women's rights organization that was founded in 1974. ERA is a legal and advocacy organization for advancing rights and opportunities for women, girls, and people of marginalized gender identities through legal cases and policy advocacy.

The organization advocates for the rights of women in minimum wage jobs, women of color, immigrant women, and LGBTQ+ people. ERA is based out of San Francisco and is led by executive director Noreen Farrell.

## Major initiatives and involvement

### Workplace justice

In 2018, ERA co-sponsored and played a role in passing a package of anti-sexual harassment legislation, strengthening protections for working people across California, holding neglectful employers accountable, and making it easier for victims to get justice and healing. In 2016, ERA settled a lawsuit on behalf of women employed by BAE Systems Norfolk Ship Repair, who experienced a sexually hostile work environment and was discriminated against in promotion and job assignment decisions. The women received $3 million settlement, and BAE made significant changes to its discrimination and harassment policies. In 2015, ERA sued facilities management giant ABM Industries, Inc., on behalf of night-shift janitor Maria Bojorquez, who was sexually assaulted, harassed, and faced retaliation at work. In the settlement, ABM agreed to thorough outside reviews for investigations of rape or attempted rape at their company benefitting thousands of current and future workers.

In May 2012, ERA released a report on pregnancy accommodation law: *Expecting A Baby, Not A Lay-Off: Why Federal Law Should Require the Reasonable Accommodation of Pregnant Workers*. ERA is a main proponent of the Pregnant Workers Fairness Act. In June 2011, Equal Rights Advocates was among the co-counsel (including the Impact Fund, Cohen Milstein, and other firms) representing Betty Dukes and women in Wal-Mart plaintiffs across the county in the historic *Dukes v. Wal-Mart Stores* class action. *Dukes v. Wal-Mart* was a class action sex discrimination lawsuit against Wal-Mart Stores challenging its policies and practices of denying equal pay and promotion opportunities to its female workforce. The Supreme Court's ruling against the lawsuit has had a lasting legacy in class action litigation.

In 1999, ERA and co-counsel settled a pregnancy discrimination lawsuit over the Pacific Bell's denial of early retirement benefits to workers who took maternity leave (*Pallas v. Pacific Bell*). The case covered a class of nearly 10,000 women with a settlement of more than $25 million. In 1991, alongside the Asian Law Caucus and the Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund (MALDEF), ERA won a landmark federal case on behalf of Alicia Castrejon, an undocumented worker whose pregnancy discrimination lawsuit raised the issue of undocumented workers’ rights under the federal anti-discrimination law. (*Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, A. Castrejon v. Tortilleria La Mejor)* The ruling resulted in thousands of undocumented immigrant workers receiving legal protection against discrimination. Also in 1991, the organization and several public interest law organizations submitted an amicus brief to the U.S. Supreme Court challenging “fetal protection” policies used by employers nationwide to exclude women from high-paying industrial jobs traditionally dominated by men. (*United Automobile Workers v. Johnson Controls)* The Court’s landmark ruling found fetal-protection policies to be a form of sex discrimination forbidden under Title VII. Equal Rights Advocates also played a key role in the 1991 passage of the California Family Rights Act, which provides eligible employees up to 12 weeks of job-protected leave to care for their own serious health condition or that of a family member, or to bond with a new child. Passage of the federal Family and Medical Leave Act followed two years later.

In 1989, ERA challenged the federal government's policy of setting employee salaries based upon earnings in previous jobs, a practice that institutionalized and perpetuated sex- and race-based wage discrimination (*Bell v. Kemp*). In 1987, ERA succeeded in a 5-year challenge to the discriminatory hiring policies of the San Francisco Fire Department. The City signed a Consent Decree that included hiring and promotional goals for women and people of color, one of the initial decrees to have specific goals for women of color. *(Davis et al. v. City and County of San Francisco).* Also in 1987, the organization's amicus brief contributed to a U.S. Supreme Court decision upholding a California law requiring employers of five or more people to provide up to 4 months of unpaid leave to women disabled by pregnancy or childbirth. (*California Federal Savings & Loan v. Department of Fair Employment and Housing*).

In 1985, ERA sued the City and County of San Francisco on behalf of Louette Colombano, a 9-year veteran of the city police force, who was subjected to severe, life-threatening harassment, including extreme sexual harassment, alongside other women officers in the city’s first class to include women police recruits. (*Colombano v. City and County of San Francisco*) After a fraught public lead-up, ERA reached a $800,000 settlement for Colombano on the eve of the trial.

In 1981, the organization brought a class-action sex discrimination lawsuit against the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service (*Bernardi v. Yeutter)*, resulting in a consent decree with inclusive hiring goals and the creation of a $1.5 million affirmative action fund. In 1980, ERA sued Bank of American on behalf of an employee who experienced egregious sex and race discrimination at work (*Miller v. Bank of America*). This landmark lawsuit extended existing legal precedent to include sexual harassment, resulting in the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals ruling that employers are liable for injury inflicted by a supervisor. ERA and co-counsel negotiated a landmark Consent Decree requiring the Secretary of Labor in 1979, establishing goals and timetables for hiring women federal contractors. (*Advocates for Women v. Usery).*

The organization appeared before the U.S. Supreme Court to challenge a school district’s forced maternity leave policy and the denial of accrued sick pay for pregnancy-related disabilities in 1978 (*Berg v. Richmond Unified School District*). Following remand by the Court, a settlement was reached. In 1977, ERA successfully challenged Greyhound’s policy of excluding qualified women bus drivers through minimum height and weight requirements in 1977. (*Mueller v. Greyhound Lines West)* As a result, Greyhound eliminated the sexist requirements and established female hiring goals.

In 1974, the year the organization was founded, ERA co-founder Wendy Williams argued before the U.S. Supreme Court that the state cannot deny disability insurance coverage to women disabled by pregnancy. (*Geduldig v. Aiello)* The Supreme Court ruled in favor of discrimination that day, but victory came 4 years later, when Congress passed the Pregnancy Discrimination Act.

### Equity in schools and universities

In 2019, ERA launched an initiative to End Sexual Violence in Education, and the nation's first pro bono attorney network dedicated to providing free legal help to student survivors. In the previous year, the organization joined forces with other national advocacy groups to sue the Department of Education and Secretary Betsy DeVos over attempts to reverse Title IX protections. The lawsuit is ongoing.

In 2018, ERA with co-counsel represented two scientific researchers at a biomedical research institute in a lawsuit over their employers' inadequate response to sexual harassment and retaliation. The settlement resulted in monetary damages for clients, and the establishment of a model Title IX program specifically focused on curbing the type of sexual harassment common in research labs. These changes helped 2,800+ current graduate students and employees, plus thousands more in years to come.

The organization played a key role in developing one of the country’s most progressive K-12 public school sexual harassment policies for the Oakland Unified School District (OUSD) in Oakland, California. ERA and Alliance for Girls worked directly with students at the school to develop innovative new policies, which were then passed unanimously by the Board of Education, in 2017.

The organization represented players on the U.C. Berkeley Women’s Field Hockey team in a 2016 lawsuit after the university revoked the team's on-campus practice and competition field privileges to construct a new practice field for men’s football and lacrosse. After filing a complaint with the U.S. Department of Education Office of Civil Rights on their behalf, ERA negotiated a settlement resulting in a new on-campus field and monetary relief for the student athletes. In February 2012, ERA reached a 1.3 million dollar settlement with UC Davis in a Title IX case ERA filed in 2001 on behalf of UC Davis female wrestlers.

ERA and the NOW Legal Defense and Education Fund resolved the first case to confirm that schools can be held liable under Title IX for sexual harassment of students by other students in 1997 (*Doe v. Petaluma*). In 1993, ERA filed the country's first Title IX class complaint over a "hostile environment" with the Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights on behalf of students and faculty at UC Santa Cruz, who wanted to challenge the rampant sexual assault and harassment on their campus.

In 1975, on behalf of 10-year-old soccer player Amy Love, ERA filed a class-action lawsuit against the California Youth Soccer Association (*Love v. California Youth Soccer Association)*, resulting in the Association repealing its ban on girls in soccer league competitions. One year later, Title IX went into effect, prompting greatly increased participation by girls and young women in student athletic programs.

### Stronger California

ERA leads the workplace justice efforts, including on fair pay and harassment for Stronger California which is a collaborative campaign of over 50 advocacy groups and coalitions from across the state. ERA co-founded and chairs this cross-sector network, that works to help Californians combat poverty and build assets, achieve workplace justice and family-friendly workplaces, and expand access to affordable, quality child care.

### Equal Pay Today

ERA co-founded with partners across the country the Equal Pay Today campaign, which works to close the wage gap that most harms women of color and low-paid working women.

Established in the early 1980s, ERA's Advice & Counseling (A&C) Program consists of three components: a toll-free, multi-lingual hotline; Know Your Rights brochures; and in-person trainings. The A&C hotline is staffed by law clerks who receive training and supervision from ERA attorneys. ERA serves over a thousand callers each year, providing legal assistance and tracking trends that need immediate redress.


title: 1975 Swedish Grand Prix

abstract: The 1975 Swedish Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at the Scandinavian Raceway at Anderstorp on 8 June 1975. It was race 7 of 14 in both the 1975 World Championship of Drivers and the 1975 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers. It was the sixth Swedish Grand Prix after it was first held as the Swedish Summer Grand Prix in 1933, and the third to be held at Scandinavian Raceway. It was held over 80 laps of the four kilometre circuit for a race distance of 322 kilometres. The race was won by Austrian driver Niki Lauda driving Ferrari 312T. He took a six-second victory over the Brabham BT44B of Argentinian racer Carlos Reutemann. Lauda's Ferrari teammate, Swiss driver Clay Regazzoni finished third. It was Lauda's third consecutive win of the season after the Monaco and Belgian Grands Prix. The win strengthened his lead in the championship to ten points with Reutemann moving past Emerson Fittipaldi into second place.

text:
# 1975 Swedish Grand Prix

The **1975 Swedish Grand Prix** was a Formula One motor race held at the Scandinavian Raceway at Anderstorp on 8 June 1975. It was race 7 of 14 in both the 1975 World Championship of Drivers and the 1975 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers. It was the sixth Swedish Grand Prix after it was first held as the Swedish Summer Grand Prix in 1933, and the third to be held at Scandinavian Raceway. It was held over 80 laps of the four kilometre circuit for a race distance of 322 kilometres.

The race was won by Austrian driver Niki Lauda driving Ferrari 312T. He took a six-second victory over the Brabham BT44B of Argentinian racer Carlos Reutemann. Lauda's Ferrari teammate, Swiss driver Clay Regazzoni finished third. It was Lauda's third consecutive win of the season after the Monaco and Belgian Grands Prix. The win strengthened his lead in the championship to ten points with Reutemann moving past Emerson Fittipaldi into second place.

## Race report

Qualifying resulted in pole position for Vittorio Brambilla in his March, while Lauda qualified fifth fastest and his teammate Clay Regazzoni 11th. In the race Brambilla took the lead, but by lap 16 he was overtaken by Carlos Reutemann's Brabham and eventually had to retire with a blistered front tyre. Tom Pryce had to pit early due to throttle slides being clogged by sand, whilst Patrick Depailler suffered a brake line leak. Hunt retired on lap 22 with a brake-pipe leak, promoting Regazzoni and Mario Andretti. Poor Jean-Pierre Jarier lost second place to failing oil pressure on lap 38. Young Tony Brise was showing little respect for his elders, overtaking Mark Donohue and Ronnie Peterson and then challenging championship leader Emerson Fittipaldi. The battle which ensued slowed them up and John Watson in the Surtees had soon climbed up behind them. Meanwhile, Lauda was steadily progressing through the field and on lap 42 he was second. He put a series of fastest laps, benefiting from a harder tyre compound, closed on Reutemann and overtook him to win the Grand Prix by 6 seconds. Reutemann finished second with Regazzoni, in the other Ferrari 312T, third. Brise had his gearbox jammed in fourth and surrendered to Donohue, but on his third Grand Prix gained his first World Championship point and Graham Hill's first as a constructor. It would prove the only point of Brise's promising but brief F1 career. Fittipaldi suffered braking problems and was passed by Jody Scheckter at the race end to finish in eighth.

## Classification

### Qualifying

| Pos. | Driver | Constructor | Time/Gap |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Vittorio Brambilla | MarchFord | 1:24.630 |
| 2 | Patrick Depailler | TyrrellFord | +0.380 |
| 3 | Jean-Pierre Jarier | ShadowFord | +0.430 |
| 4 | Carlos Reutemann | BrabhamFord | +0.550 |
| 5 | Niki Lauda | Ferrari | +0.827 |
| 6 | Carlos Pace | BrabhamFord | +1.172 |
| 7 | Tom Pryce | ShadowFord | +1.236 |
| 8 | Jody Scheckter | TyrrellFord | +1.270 |
| 9 | Ronnie Peterson | LotusFord | +1.382 |
| 10 | John Watson | SurteesFord | +1.455 |
| 11 | Emerson Fittipaldi | McLarenFord | +1.458 |
| 12 | Clay Regazzoni | Ferrari | +1.653 |
| 13 | James Hunt | HeskethFord | +1.870 |
| 14 | Jochen Mass | McLarenFord | +2.143 |
| 15 | Mario Andretti | ParnelliFord | +2.191 |
| 16 | Mark Donohue | PenskeFord | +2.524 |
| 17 | Tony Brise | HillFord | +2.688 |
| 18 | Jacky Ickx | LotusFord | +2.690 |
| 19 | Alan Jones | HeskethFord | +2.745 |
| 20 | Ian Scheckter | WilliamsFord | +2.840 |
| 21 | Torsten Palm | HeskethFord | +3.012 |
| 22 | Damien Magee | WilliamsFord | +3.046 |
| 23 | Bob Evans | BRM | +3.792 |
| 24 | Lella Lombardi | MarchFord | +4.057 |
| 25 | Wilson Fittipaldi | FittipaldiFord | +4.180 |
| 26 | Vern Schuppan | HillFord | +4.350 |
| Source: | | | |

### Race

| Pos | No | Driver | Constructor | Laps | Time/Retired | Grid | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 12 | **Niki Lauda** | **Ferrari** | 80 | 1:59:18.319 | 5 | **9** |
| 2 | 7 | **Carlos Reutemann** | **Brabham-Ford** | 80 | \+ 6.288 | 4 | **6** |
| 3 | 11 | **Clay Regazzoni** | **Ferrari** | 80 | \+ 29.095 | 12 | **4** |
| 4 | 27 | **Mario Andretti** | **Parnelli-Ford** | 80 | \+ 44.380 | 15 | **3** |
| 5 | 28 | **Mark Donohue** | **Penske-Ford** | 80 | \+ 1:30.763 | 16 | **2** |
| 6 | 23 | **Tony Brise** | **Hill-Ford** | 79 | \+ 1 Lap | 17 | **1** |
| 7 | 3 | Jody Scheckter | Tyrrell-Ford | 79 | \+ 1 Lap | 8 |  |
| 8 | 1 | Emerson Fittipaldi | McLaren-Ford | 79 | \+ 1 Lap | 11 |  |
| 9 | 5 | Ronnie Peterson | Lotus-Ford | 79 | \+ 1 Lap | 9 |  |
| 10 | 32 | Torsten Palm | Hesketh-Ford | 78 | Out of fuel | 21 |  |
| 11 | 26 | Alan Jones | Hesketh-Ford | 78 | \+ 2 Laps | 19 |  |
| 12 | 4 | Patrick Depailler | Tyrrell-Ford | 78 | \+ 2 Laps | 2 |  |
| 13 | 14 | Bob Evans | BRM | 78 | \+ 2 Laps | 23 |  |
| 14 | 20 | Damien Magee | Williams-Ford | 78 | \+ 2 Laps | 22 |  |
| 15 | 6 | Jacky Ickx | Lotus-Ford | 77 | \+ 3 Laps | 18 |  |
| 16 | 18 | John Watson | Surtees-Ford | 77 | \+ 3 Laps | 10 |  |
| 17 | 30 | Wilson Fittipaldi | Fittipaldi-Ford | 74 | \+ 6 Laps | 25 |  |
| Ret | 16 | Tom Pryce | Shadow-Ford | 53 | Spun off | 7 |  |
| Ret | 21 | Ian Scheckter | Williams-Ford | 49 | Tyre | 20 |  |
| Ret | 22 | Vern Schuppan | Hill-Ford | 47 | Transmission | 26 |  |
| Ret | 8 | Carlos Pace | Brabham-Ford | 41 | Spun off | 6 |  |
| Ret | 17 | Jean-Pierre Jarier | Shadow-Ford | 38 | Engine | 3 |  |
| Ret | 9 | Vittorio Brambilla | March-Ford | 36 | Transmission | 1 |  |
| Ret | 2 | Jochen Mass | McLaren-Ford | 34 | Overheating | 14 |  |
| Ret | 24 | James Hunt | Hesketh-Ford | 21 | Brakes | 13 |  |
| Ret | 10 | Lella Lombardi | March-Ford | 10 | Fuel system | 24 |  |
| WD | 31 | Gijs van Lennep | Ensign-Ford |  |  |  |  |
| WD | 35 | Dave Walker | Maki-Ford |  |  |  |  |
| Source: | | | | | | | |

* This was the Formula One World Championship debut for British driver Damien Magee.
* This race marked the 25th podium finish for a Swiss driver.

## Championship standings after the race

* **Note**: Only the top five positions are included for both sets of standings. Only the best 6 results from the first 7 races and the best 6 results from the last 7 races counted towards the Championship. Numbers without parentheses are Championship points; numbers in parentheses are total points scored.

## InfoBox

| 1975 Swedish Grand Prix | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Race details | | | |
| Date | 8 June 1975 | | |
| Location | Scandinavian Raceway, Anderstorp | | |
| Course length | 4.018 km (2.497 miles) | | |
| Distance | 80 laps, 321.440 km (199.734 miles) | | |
| Weather | Dry | | |
| Pole position | | | |
| Driver |  | March-Ford |
| Time | 1:24.630 | | |
| Fastest lap | | | |
| Driver | Niki Lauda | Ferrari |
| Time | 1:28.267 on lap 61 | | |
| Podium | | | |
| First |  | Ferrari |
| Second |  | Brabham-Ford |
| Third |  | Ferrari |
| Lap leaders | | | |


title: Arthroceras fulvicorne

abstract: Arthroceras fulvicorne is a species of snipe fly in the family Rhagionidae.

text:
# Arthroceras fulvicorne

***Arthroceras fulvicorne*** is a species of snipe fly in the family Rhagionidae.

## Subspecies

These three subspecies belong to the species *Arthroceras fulvicorne*:

* *Arthroceras fulvicorne fulvicorne*
* *Arthroceras fulvicorne nigricapite* Nagatomi
* *Arthroceras fulvicorne subsolanum* Nagatomi

## InfoBox

| *Arthroceras fulvicorne* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Rhagionidae |
| Genus: | *Arthroceras* |
| Species: | ***A. fulvicorne*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Arthroceras fulvicorne***<br>Nagatomi, 1966 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Arthroceras nigricapite*  Nagatomi, 1966 * *Arthroceras subsolanum*  Nagatomi, 1966 | |


title: Babylonischer Turm

abstract: The Babylonische Turm is a 2,060-metre-high rock needle on the eastern arête of the Kellenspitze (2,238 m), the highest summit in the Tannheim Mountains in the Austrian state of Tyrol. Seen from the south the pinnacle looks like an independent peak. It is important to Alpine climbers because it has numerous climbing routes.

text:
# Babylonischer Turm

The **Babylonische Turm** (literally: "Babylonian Tower") is a 2,060-metre-high rock needle on the eastern arête of the Kellenspitze (2,238 m), the highest summit in the Tannheim Mountains in the Austrian state of Tyrol. Seen from the south the pinnacle looks like an independent peak. It is important to Alpine climbers because it has numerous climbing routes.

## Climbing routes

The easiest ascent, the so-called normal route, runs up the South Gully and is rated as UIAA grade I to III and was first climbed in 1904. The Southwest Arête, first ascended in 1921, is classed as UIAA grade IV+. The route up the West Face of the tower (opened in 1959) requires free climbing to grade UIAA VI+ , or technical climbing at grade A 3. In the mid-1980s, short routes at grades V+ and IV+/A 0 were opened up the Southeast Arête and up the crumbly Southeast Face.

## Literature and maps

* Dieter Seibert: *Allgäuer Alpen Alpin*, Alpine Club Guide. Munich, Bergverlag Rudolf Rother, 2004. ISBN 3-7633-1126-2
* Freytag und Berndt: walking map 1:50,000, Sheet WK 352, *Ehrwald, Lermoos, Reutte, Tannheimer Tal*

## InfoBox

| Babylonischer Turm | |
| --- | --- |
| The Kellenspitze (behind), in the middle of the arête is the Babylonische Turm. Foreground: the Kelleschrofen | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 2,060 m (AA) (6,760 ft) |
| Listing | Mountains of Austria |
| Coordinates | 47°29′54″N 10°38′07″E / 47.498231°N 10.635286°E / 47.498231; 10.635286 |
| Geography | |
| Babylonischer TurmTyrol, Austria | |
| Parent range | Tannheim Mountains, Allgäu Alps |


# 2000 Halifax Regional Municipality municipal election

The 2000 municipal elections of the Halifax Regional Municipality in Nova Scotia, Canada, took place on 21 October 2000. Elections have been held every four years since the amalgamation of the cities of Halifax and Dartmouth, the town of Bedford and Halifax County into the Halifax Regional Municipality in 1996. The regional council is made up of twenty three councillors and one mayor, all positions were up for election.

There are no political parties at the municipal level in Nova Scotia, so all candidates run as independents.

## Halifax Regional Municipality Mayor

HRM Total Population, 2000 Census: 390,096
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Walter R. Fitzgerald | | 000 | 000 |  |
| Peter J. Kelly | | 00 | 00 |  |
| Ken Ozmon | | 00 | 00 |  |
| Araron Peters | | 00 | 009 |  |
| Turnout | | 00 | 00 |  |

## District 1: Eastern Shore - Musquodoboit Valley

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Randy Carter | | 586 | 15.80% |  |
| Darryl Faulkner | | 762 | 20.54% |  |
| Steve Streatch | | 2343 | 63.17% |  |

## District 2: Waverley - Dutch Settlement

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Stephen Boyce | | 1865 | 44.60% |  |
| Gary Hines | | 2257 | 53.97% |  |

## District 3: Preston - Porter's Lake

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| Turnout | | 00 | 00 |  |

## District 4: Cole Harbour North - Cherry Brook

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| Turnout | | 00 | 00 |  |

## District 5: Eastern Passage - Cole Harbour South

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Les MacKinnon | | 1467 | 33.57% |  |
| Harry Mcinroy | | 2845 | 65.10% |  |

## District 6: Westphal - Waverley Road

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| Turnout | | 00 | 00 |  |

## District 7: Woodlawn

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Emmet Austin | | 1584 | 36.66% |  |
| Conde Sarto | | 2711 | 62.74% |  |

## District 8: Woodside

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| Turnout | | 00 | 00 |  |

## District 9: Albro Lake \- Harbourview

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Clint Schofield | | 1085 | 47.46% |  |
| Jim Smith | | 1179 | 51.57% |  |

## District 10: Dartmouth Centre

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Bernard C. Anderson | | 158 | 3.24% |  |
| Chris Baker | | 979 | 20.07% |  |
| Don Chard | | 1283 | 26.30% |  |
| John Cunningham | | 2110 | 43.26% |  |
| Carolyn Ann Vaughan | | 2900 | 5.95% |  |

## District 11: Halifax North End

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Jerry Blumenthal | | 3745 | 83.15% |  |
| Patrick Murphy | | 727 | 16.14% |  |

## District 12: Halifax Downtown

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Arthur (Art) Canning | | 109 | 4.39% |  |
| Mark Daye | | 349 | 14.06% |  |
| Graham L. Downey | | 708 | 28.51% |  |
| Alex MacDonald | | 251 | 10.11% |  |
| Daniel Roukema | | 254 | 10.23% |  |

## District 13: Northwest Arm \- South End

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Hugh Pullen | | 1532 | 35.39% |  |
| Sue Uteck | | 2751 | 63.55% |  |

## District 14: Connaught \- Quinpool

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Shelia Fougere | | 3471 | 89.14 |  |
| Daniel Williams | | 381 | 9.78% |  |

## District 15: Fairview \- Clayton Park

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| Turnout | | 00 | 00 |  |

## District 16: Prince's Lodge \- Clayton Park West

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Diana Whalen | | 1812 | 34.94% |  |
| Bill Stone | | 1745 | 33.65% |  |
| Debbie Hum | | 1607 | 30.99% |  |

## District 17: Purcell's Cove \- Armdale

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Jon C. Coates | | 348 | 8.01% |  |
| Linda Mosher | | 2098 | 48.27% |  |
| Graham Read | | 1858 | 42.75% |  |

## District 18: Spryfield \- Herring Cove

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| Turnout | | 00 | 00 |  |

## District 19: Upper Sackville - Beaverbank

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| David F. Boyd | | 425 | 9.67% |  |
| Brad "BJ" Johns | | 2032 | 46.21% |  |
| David E. Merrigan | | 1894 | 43.07% |  |

## District 20: Lower Sackville

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| 00 | | 00 | 00 |  |
| Turnout | | 00 | 00 |  |

## District 21: Bedford

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Diana Fiske | | 1565 | 31.50% |  |
| Len Goucher | | 2203 | 44.33% |  |
| Marvin Silver | | 1113 | 22.40% |  |

## District 22: Hammonds Plains - Timberlea

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Shawn Lahey | | 1064 | 21.38% |  |
| Reg Rankin | | 2533 | 50.90% |  |
| Bob Russell | | 1347 | 27.07% |  |

## District 23: Prospect- St. Margaret's Bay

Total Population, 2000 Census:
| Candidate | | Votes | % | ± |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Ken Fralick | | 310 | 6.00% |  |
| Gary G. Meade | | 2049 | 39.68% |  |
| Jack Mitchell | | 1665 | 32.24% |  |
| Mary Lyn Saturley | | 1129 | 21.86% |  |


title: Falsimargarita georgiana

abstract: Falsimargarita georgiana is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae.

text:
# Falsimargarita georgiana

***Falsimargarita georgiana*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae.

## Description

The size of the shell varies between 20 mm and 31 mm. It has a rounded whorl profile and a uniform spiral sculpture.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off the South Georgia Islands at depths between 2718 m and 2818 m.

* Dell, R. K. (1990). Antarctic Mollusca with special reference to the fauna of the Ross Sea. Bulletin of the Royal Society of New Zealand, Wellington 27: 1–311 page(s): 95

* "*Falsimargarita georgiana*". *Gastropods.com*. Retrieved 16 January 2019.

## InfoBox

| *Falsimargarita georgiana* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Vetigastropoda |
| Order: | Trochida |
| Superfamily: | Trochoidea |
| Family: | Calliostomatidae |
| Genus: | *Falsimargarita* |
| Species: | ***F. georgiana*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Falsimargarita georgiana***<br>Dell, 1990 | |
|


title: Bait and Switch (album)

abstract: Bait and Switch is the debut album by Columbus, Ohio-based rock band Thomas Jefferson Slave Apartments. It was released on July 11, 1995, through Onion Records, a sub-label of American Recordings. It was recorded at a cost of $800.

text:
# Bait and Switch (album)

***Bait and Switch*** is the debut album by Columbus, Ohio-based rock band Thomas Jefferson Slave Apartments. It was released on July 11, 1995, through Onion Records, a sub-label of American Recordings. It was recorded at a cost of $800.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| *Chicago Tribune* |  |
| *Christgau's Consumer Guide* | A– |
| *Entertainment Weekly* | B+ |
| *Spin* | 7/10 |

In a contemporary review for the *Chicago Tribune*, Greg Kot gave *Bait and Switch* 3 out of 4 stars, writing, "Nothing new here, just a clangorous, nasty good time courtesy of some saw-toothed riffs and a supremely estranged wit." David Sprague wrote in *Trouser Press* that the album's highlight was "...the revolutionary screed "RnR Hall of Fame," which tosses verbal firebombs at the very concept of the Cleveland rock hall, advocating that someone "blow it up...before Paul Westerberg gets in." Robert Christgau gave the album an A− grade and wrote that on it, the band's frontman Ron House demonstrates "that punk and youth need have nothing to do with each other anymore." *Entertainment Weekly*'s Ethan Smith gave the album a B+ grade, calling it "short on polish, long on charm." In a 2009 retrospective review, *Magnet* called the album "razor-sharp-yet-unrefined" and "an incendiary near-masterpiece".

## Track listing

1. My Mysterious Death (Turn It Up) – 4:00
2. Is She Shy – 2:43
3. Down to High Street – 3:42
4. Quarrel with the World – 3:11
5. Cheater's Heaven – 3:47
6. Cyclotron – 2:05
7. Negative Guest List – 2:41
8. Fire in the Swimming Girl – 3:47
9. You Can't Kill Stupid – 2:53
10. RnR Hall of Fame – 1:06
11. Contract Dispute – 4:32
12. Wrongheaded – 2:32

## Personnel

Personnel per liner notes.

**Thomas Jefferson Slave Apartments**

* Ron House – Vocals
* Bob Petric – Guitar, Vocals (Background)
* Craig Dunson – Bass
* Ted Hattemer – Drums

**Additional personnel**

* Keith Baker – Composer
* John Morton – Composer

**Production**

* Michael "Rep" Hummel – production, mixing
* Craig Dunson – Engineer, mixing
* Steve Evans – Engineer

## InfoBox

| Bait and Switch | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Thomas Jefferson Slave Apartments | |
| Released | July 11, 1995 (1995-07-11) |
| Studio | Magnetic Planet Studio (Columbus) |
| Genre | Indie rock, punk rock |
| Length | 37:00 |
| Label |  |
| Producer | Michael "Rep" Hummel |
| Thomas Jefferson Slave Apartments chronology | |
| ***Bait and Switch***
(1995) *Straight to Video*
(1997) | |


title: 1942 Invercargill mayoral by-election

abstract: The 1942 Invercargill mayoral by-election was held on 22 June 1942 to elect the Mayor of Invercargill after the resignation of John Robert Martin due to illness on 26 May.

text:
# 1942 Invercargill mayoral by-election

The **1942 Invercargill mayoral by-election** was held on 22 June 1942 to elect the Mayor of Invercargill after the resignation of John Robert Martin due to illness on 26 May.

## Background

Abraham Wachner was elected to council in 1938 and became deputy mayor in 1941.

## Results

The following table gives the election results:

1942 Invercargill mayoral by-election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Abraham Wachner** | **2,933** | **61.29** |  |
|  | Independent | J. Pickard | 1,852 | 38.70 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,081 | 22.59 |  |
| Turnout | | | 4,785 |  |  |

## InfoBox

1942 Invercargill mayoral by-election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Turnout | 4,785 |
| Candidate Abraham Wachner J. Pickard  Party Independent Independent  Popular vote 2,933 1,852  Percentage 61.29 38.70 | |
| ---  **Mayor before election**
Abraham Wachner (acting)
 **Elected mayor**
Abraham Wachner
 | |


abstract: Fredlund Township is a township in Perkins County, in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, its population is 0.

text:
# Fredlund Township, Perkins County, South Dakota

**Fredlund Township** is a township in Perkins County, in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, its population is 0.

## Major highways

South Dakota Highway 75

## InfoBox

| Fredlund Township, South Dakota | |
| --- | --- |
| Township | |
| Fredlund TownshipLocation within South Dakota | |
| Coordinates: 45°41′30″N 102°38′30″W / 45.69167°N 102.64167°W / 45.69167; -102.64167 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | South Dakota |
| County | Perkins |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 0 |


title: 1953 Torneo di Viareggio

abstract: The 1953 winners of the Torneo di Viareggio, the annual youth football tournament held in Viareggio, Tuscany, are listed below.

text:
# 1953 Torneo di Viareggio

The 1953 winners of the Torneo di Viareggio (in English, the **Viareggio Tournament**, officially the **Viareggio Cup World Football Tournament Coppa Carnevale**), the annual youth football tournament held in Viareggio, Tuscany, are listed below.

## Format

The 16 teams are organized in knockout rounds, all played single tie.

## Participating teams

Italian teams   European teams

## Tournament fixtures

## Champions

| Torneo di Viareggio 1953 Champions

 |
| --- |
|

**Milan**
**3rd time** |

## Footnotes

## InfoBox

1953 Torneo Mondiale di Calcio Coppa Carnevale
| 5° Torneo di Viareggio | |
| --- | --- |
| Tournament details | |
| Host country | Italy |
| City | Viareggio |
| Teams | 16 |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | Milan |
| Runners-up | Juventus |
| Third place | Udinese |
| Fourth place | Partizan Beograd |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 16 |
| Goals scored | 51 (3.19 per match) |
|


title: Euphlyctis ghoshi

abstract: Euphlyctis ghoshi is a species of frog found in Manipur, India. It is only known from its type locality in Khugairk Reserve Forest, Manipur.

text:
# Euphlyctis ghoshi

***Euphlyctis ghoshi*** (**Manipur frog**, **Ghosh's frog**) is a species of frog found in Manipur, India. It is only known from its type locality in Khugairk Reserve Forest, Manipur.

## InfoBox

| *Euphlyctis ghoshi* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Data Deficient  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Dicroglossidae |
| Genus: | *Euphlyctis* |
| Species: | ***E. ghoshi*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Euphlyctis ghoshi***
(Chanda, 1991) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| *Rana ghoshi* Chanda, 1991 | |


title: Euzophera umbrosella

abstract: Euzophera umbrosella is a species of snout moth in the genus Euzophera. It was described by Staudinger in 1879. It is found in Greece, Crete and Cyprus, as well as Turkey and Iran. The wingspan is 17–19 mm.

text:
# Euzophera umbrosella

***Euzophera umbrosella*** is a species of snout moth in the genus *Euzophera*. It was described by Staudinger in 1879. It is found in Greece, Crete and Cyprus, as well as Turkey and Iran.

The wingspan is 17–19 mm.

## InfoBox

| *Euzophera umbrosella* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Pyralidae |
| Genus: | *Euzophera* |
| Species: | ***E. umbrosella*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Euzophera umbrosella***<br>(Staudinger, 1879) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Myelois umbrosella* Staudinger, 1879 * *Euzophera albogilvella* Ragonot, 1887 | |


title: 1933 in baseball

text:
# 1933 in baseball

The following are the baseball events of the year 1933 throughout the world.

## Headline Events of the Year

## Champions

### Major League Baseball

### Other champions

## Awards and honors

## Statistical leaders

|  | American League | | National League | | Negro National League | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Stat | Player | Total | Player | Total | Player | Total |
| AVG | Jimmie Foxx1 (PHA) | .356 | Chuck Klein2 (PHP) | .368 | Jabbo Andrews (COL) | .398 |
| HR | Jimmie Foxx1 (PHA) | 48 | Chuck Klein2 (PHP) | 28 | Josh Gibson (PIC) | 18 |
| RBI | Jimmie Foxx1 (PHA) | 163 | Chuck Klein2 (PHP) | 120 | Josh Gibson (PIC) | 74 |
| Wins | Alvin Crowder (WSH)
Lefty Grove (PHA) | 24 | Carl Hubbell (NYG) | 23 | Bertrum Hunter (PIC/AKR) | 11 |
| ERA | Mel Harder (CLE) | 2.95 | Carl Hubbell (NYG) | 1.66 | Satchel Paige (PIC) | 1.94 |
|  | Lefty Gomez (NYY) | 163 | Dizzy Dean (SLC) | 199 | Leroy Matlock (PIC) | 100 |

1 American League Triple Crown batting winner
2 National League Triple Crown batting winner

## Major league baseball final standings

### American League final standings

### National League final standings

## Negro leagues final standings

All Negro leagues standings below are per Seamheads.

### Negro National League final standings

### Independent teams final standings

A loose confederation of teams existed that were not part of the Negro National League.

| vs. All Teams | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Independent Clubs |  |  |  | Pct. | GB |
| Brooklyn Royal Giants | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1.000 | 4 |
| Kansas City Monarchs | 4 | 2 | 0 | .667 |  |
| Philadelphia Stars | 22 | 13 | 0 | .629 |  |
| New York Black Yankees | 9 | 9 | 0 | .500 |  |
| Cuban Stars (East) | 4 | 4 | 0 | .500 |  |
| Pollock's Cuban Stars | 2 | 4 | 1 | .357 |  |
| Philadelphia Bacharach Giants | 1 | 8 | 1 | .150 | 8 |

## Events

### January

### February

### March

### April

* April 12 – The Cleveland Indians defeat the Detroit Tigers, 4–1, in thirteen innings on Opening Day.
* April 25 :
    + During the New York Yankees' 16–0 drubbing of the Washington Senators, speedy Yankee outfielder Ben Chapman spikes Senators' second baseman Buddy Myer, leading to a wild 20-minute brawl. 300 fans join in, and all the involved players are suspended for five games and fined $100.
    + Philadelphia Phillies shortstop Dick Bartell is four-for-four with four doubles in the Phillies' 7–1 victory over the Boston Braves.

### May

* May 16 – The Washington Senators beat the Cleveland Indians, 11–10, in twelve innings. Cleveland uses five pitchers; Washington uses six. The combined eleven pitchers used was at the time a record.
* May 30 – John Stone of the Detroit Tigers becomes the first player in major league history to collect six extra base hits in a regulation length doubleheader‚ as he hit four doubles and two home runs against the St. Louis Browns.

### June

### July

### August

* August 4 – For the second game in a row, the New York Giants defeat the Philadelphia Phillies 18–1.
* August 14 – 1933 American League MVP Jimmie Foxx hits for the cycle, and drives in nine runs to lead the Philadelphia Athletics to an 11–5 victory over the Cleveland Indians.
* August 22 – The Detroit Tigers defeat the Washington Senators 10–8, snapping Washington's thirteen-game winning streak.
* August 31 – Right-handed Dutch Leonard makes his major league debut, pitching 7.1 innings and giving up three earned runs in the Brooklyn Dodgers' 10–3 loss to the St. Louis Cardinals.

### September

* September 1 – New York Giants pitcher Carl Hubbell throws a 10-inning, four-hit shutout and drives in the winning run in a 2–0 victory over the Boston Braves. Hubbell does not walk a batter and never goes as deep as a 3–2 count on any of them. It is both his 20th win and his 10th shutout of the year, while five of the shutouts are 1–0, to set a National League season-record. Braves' pitcher Fred Frankhouse is the hard-luck loser when his mates make two crucial errors in the 10th inning.
* September 8 - In the second game of a double header against the Detroit Tigers, Mel Almada makes his MLB debut for the Boston Red Sox. Almada makes history as the first player born in Mexico to play in the major leagues.

### October

* October 1 :
    + At Yankee Stadium, Babe Ruth attracts 25‚000 fans as he takes the mound against the Boston Red Sox. Ruth hits a fifth-inning home run and takes a 6–0 lead into the sixth inning‚ then hangs on for a 6–5, complete-game victory. Boston pitcher Bob Kline takes the loss. The Yankees back the Babe with 18 outfield putouts. It is the final pitching appearance of his career. Ruth now has ten winning seasons in ten years as a pitcher‚ a mark that will be matched in 2004 by Andy Pettitte. Ruth's record on the mound for the Yankees is a perfect 5–0.
    + At 57 years old, former Washington Senators pitcher and current coach Nick Altrock takes a pinch hit at-bat in the Senators' eleven inning 3–0 loss to the Philadelphia A's.
* October 3 – Mel Ott's two-run home run in the first gives the New York Giants the early lead in game one of the 1933 World Series at the Polo Grounds. They go on to win 4–2.
* October 4 – A six-run sixth inning and superb pitching by Hal Schumacher carry the Giants to victory in game two of the World Series.
* October 5 – Earl Whitehill shuts out the Giants in game three of the World Series, as Washington takes game three, 4–0.
* October 6 – Blondy Ryan's eleventh-inning single gives the Giants the 2–1 victory in game four of the World Series.
* October 7 – In Game 5 of the World Series, the Giants defeat the Senators 4–3 in ten innings, to win their fourth World Championship, four games to one. This would be the last World Series the Senators franchise would play in the nation's capital.

### November

* November 15:
* November 21 – Philadelphia Phillies right fielder Chuck Klein, who won the National League Triple Crown after hitting .368 with 28 home runs and 120 RBI, is sold to the Cubs for $125,000 and three players. Klein, who also led the NL in hits (223), doubles (44), extra bases (79), total bases (365), slugging (.602), on-base % (.422) and OPS (1.025), and finished second in runs (102) and fourth in stolen bases (15), is the only player in major league history to be traded after a Triple Crown season.

### December

## Movies

## Births

### January

### February

### March

### April

### May

### June

### July

### August

### September

### October

### November

### December

## Deaths

### January

* January 2 – Kid Gleason, 66, best known as the betrayed manager of the infamous 1919 Chicago White Sox; who previously collected four 20-wins seasons as a pitcher from 1890 to 1893, with a career-high 38 victories in 1890, and later became a timely hitter and steady second baseman, hitting a .300 average four times, while helping the Baltimore Orioles win a pennant in 1895; later serving as a coach, then winning the American League pennant as a rookie manager for the White Sox in 1919, when his heart was broken by his eight players implicated in the 1919 World Series scandal.
* January 4 – Hal Deviney, 39, relief pitcher for the Boston Red Sox during the 1920 season.
* January 14 – Jesse Hoffmeister, 60, third baseman for the 1897 Pittsburgh Pirates.
* January 18 – Dan Marion, 43, pitcher who played with the Brooklyn Tip-Tops in the 1914 and 1915 seasons.
* January 19:
    + Con Starkel, 52, pitcher for the 1906 Washington Senators.
    + Harry Hinchman, 54, pitcher for the Cleveland Naps in the 1907 season.
* January 27 – Art Madison, 62, second baseman/shortstop who played for the Philadelphia Phillies in 1895 and the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1899.
* January 31 – Beany Jacobson, 51, pitcher for the Washington Senators, St. Louis Browns and Boston Americans in the 1900s decade.

### February

* February 17 – Harry Smith, 59, British-born baseball player and manager, who caught from 1901 through 1909 for the Philadelphia Athletics, Pittsburgh Pirates and Boston Doves, also managing the Doves in 1909, and later in the minor leagues in a span of five seasons from 1913 to 1917.
* February 22 – Bill Shettsline, 69, manager for the Philadelphia Phillies during five seasons spanning 1898–1902, who later owned the team from 1905 to 1909.

### March

* March 15 – Otis Stocksdale, 61, valuable utility who played all-positions except catcher for the Washington Senators, Boston Beaneaters and Baltimore Orioles from 1893 to 1896, while helping the Orioles win the National League pennant in 1896.
* March 16 – Jack Wieneke, 39, pitcher who played briefly for the Chicago White Sox during the 1921 season.
* March 20 – Dan Burke, 64, catcher/outfielder who played from 1890 to 1892 for the Rochester Broncos, Syracuse Stars and Boston Beaneaters.
* March 21 – Bob Black, 70, outfielder/pitcher who played for the Kansas City Cowboys of the Union Association in 1884.
* March 25 – Tom Donovan, 60, outfielder for the 1901 Cleveland Blues of the American League.
* March 28 – Tom McCarthy, 48, pitcher who played from 1908 to 1909 with the Cincinnati Reds, Pittsburgh Pirates and Boston Doves.
* March 29:
    + Harry Salisbury, 77, pitcher for the 1879 Troy Trojans of the National League and the 1882 Pittsburgh Alleghenys of the American Association, who finished in the top ten in eighteen categories during the 1882 season, including wins (20), strikeouts (135), earned run average (2.63), complete games (32), and innings pitched (335).
    + Ed Watkins, 55, outfielder for the 1902 Philadelphia Phillies.

### April

* April 2 – Joe Cross, 75, right fielder who played briefly for the Louisville Colonels during the 1888 season.
* April 13 – Ody Abbott, 44, outfielder for the 1910 St. Louis Cardinals.
* April 17 – Thomas Griffin, 76, first baseman for the Milwaukee Brewers of the Union Association in 1884.
* April 23 – Tim Keefe, 76, Hall of Fame pitcher who posted a 342–225 record and a 2.63 ERA in 600 games, including six 30-win campaigns for the New York Metropolitans/Giants teams from 1883 to 1888, with 40-win seasons in 1883 and 1886, while leading the National League in ERA three times and strikeouts twice, with career strikeout mark (2500+) being record until 1908, also winning 19 straight in 1888, leading the Giants to their first pennant while going 4–0 with 0.51 ERA in the championship series.
* April 26 – Roy Graham, 38, backup catcher who played from 1922 to 1923 for the Chicago White Sox.

### May

* May 1 – Bobby Mitchell, 77, National League pitcher who played for the Cincinnati Reds, Cleveland Blues and St. Louis Brown Stockings in parts of four seasons spanning 1877–1882.
* May 3 – Lefty James, 43, pitcher who played from 1912 through 1914 for the Cleveland Naps of the American League.
* May 5 – Steve Dunn, 74, Canadian first baseman who played for the 1884 St. Paul Saints of the Union Association.
* May 17 – Bill Van Dyke, 69, outfielder who played with the Toledo Maumees, St. Louis Browns and Boston Beaneaters in a span of three years from 1890 to 1893.
* May 19 – Wes Curry, 73, American Association umpire for six seasons between 1885 and 1898, who previously pitched two games for the Richmond Virginians in the 1884 season.
* May 20 – Billy Lauder, 59, third baseman who played four seasons between 1898 and 1903 for the Philadelphia Phillies, Philadelphia Athletics and New York Giants, and later coached for the Chicago White Sox.
* May 21 – Charlie Osterhout76, outfielder/catcher for the 1879 Syracuse Stars.of the National League.
* May 22 – Bunny Pearce, 48, backup catcher for the Cincinnati Reds from 1908 to 1909.
* May 24 – Phonney Martin, 87, player/manager for the 1872 Brooklyn Eckfords of the National Association, who also played for the 1872 Troy Trojans and the 1873 New York Mutuals.
* May 30 – Burley Bayer, 59, shortstop for the 1889 Louisville Colonels of the American Association.

### June

* June 3 – Jack O'Brien, 60, outfielder for four clubs between 1899 and 2003, who became the first player to pinch-hit in World Series history, as a member of the 1903 Boston Americans.
* June 5 – Sam LaRocque, 70, Canadian second baseman for the Detroit Wolverines, Pittsburgh Alleghenys/Pirates and Louisville Colonels in parts of three seasons spanning 1888–1891.
* June 13 – Gat Stires, 83, outfielder who played from 1868 to 1871 for the Rockford Forest Citys of the National Association.

### July

* July 2 – Tommy Dowd, 64, center fielder for seven clubs in two different leagues between 1891 and 1901, mainly for the St. Louis Browns of the National League, who posted a career average of .271 with 368 stolen bases and also managed the Browns from 1896 to 1897.
* July 7 – Neal Finn, 29, second baseman who played for the Brooklyn Robins/Dodgers and the Philadelphia Phillies from 1930 through 193s; played his last MLB game on June 17, twenty days before his death.
* July 12 – Joseph Herr, 68, National League infielder/outfielder during three seasons from 1887 to 1890 for the Cleveland Blues and the St. Louis Browns.
* July 23 – Rip Williams, 51, versatile utility who played in four seasons for the Boston Red Sox, Washington Senators and Cleveland Indians between 1911 and 1918.
* July 30 – Frank Allen, 44, National League pitcher who played from 1912 to 1917 for the Brooklyn Dodgers/Robins, Pittsburgh Rebels and Boston Braves.

### August

* August 7 – Bill Irwin, 73, pitcher for the 1886 Cincinnati Red Stockings of the American Association.
* August 10 – George Mangus, 43, outfielder who played for the 1912 Philadelphia Phillies.
* August 13 – Elliot Bigelow, 35, outfielder for the Boston Red Sox in the 1929 season.

### September

* September 3 – Ed Cartwright, 73, first baseman for the St. Louis Browns in 1890 and the Washington Senators from 1894 to 1897, who collected seven runs batted in in one inning of an American Association game in 1890, setting a major league record that would stand for 109 years until it was broken by St. Louis Cardinals' Fernando Tatís, who belted two grand slams in one inning during a 1999 game to drive in eight runs.
* September 13:
    + Bill Brennan, 52, umpire who worked during seven seasons in the National League (1909–1913, 1921) and the Federal League (1914–1915), including the 1911 World Series, and also spent many years of umpiring in the minor leagues with the American Association and the Southern Association.
    + Joe Harrington, 63, infielder for the Boston Beaneaters from 1895 to 1896, who in 1895 became the first major league ballplayer ever to hit a home run in his first at bat.
* September 16 – George Gore, 76, center fielder who played 14 seasons in three leagues from 1879 to 1892, who batted a career .301 average, won the 1880 National League batting title and appeared in four World Series, while leading the league in walks three times and runs twice, and setting a single-game record with seven stolen bases.
* September 22 – George Fields, 80, third baseman who played briefly for the Middletown Mansfields of the National Association during the 1872 season.
* September 24 – Mike Donlin, 36, outfielder for six teams between 1899 and 1912; a superb hitter during the deadball era who topped the .300 mark in 10 of his 12 major league seasons, hitting .356 and leading the National League with 124 runs in 1905, then guiding the New York Giants with six hits in their 1905 World Series victory over the Philadelphia Athletics, while retiring with a .333 career average in 1050 games.
* September 25 – Ring Lardner, 48, sports columnist and short story writer for several newspapers since 1907, mainly for the *Chicago Tribune*, who pioneered the satirical cynic's view of sports reporting in the early 1920s.

### October

* October 5 – William Veeck, Sr., 55, sports writer and baseball executive, who was president of the Chicago Cubs from 1919 until the time of his death, whose leadership led the Cubs win three National League pennants in the 1918, 1929 and 1932 seasons.
* October 10 – Joe Kostal, 57, pitcher who played briefly for the 1896 Louisville Colonels.
* October 13 – Al Mannassau, 67, minor league outfielder/manager during six seasons from 1890 to 1895, who later served as an umpire in the National League (1899), American League (1901), and the Federal League (1914).
* October 20 – Lou Gertenrich, 58. outfielder who played with the Milwaukee Brewers and the Pittsburgh Pirates in a span of two seasons from 1901 to 1903.
* October 22:
    + Philip DeCatesby Ball, 70, owner of the St. Louis Terriers of the "outlaw" Federal League from 1914 to 1915, and the St. Louis Browns of the American League from 1916 until his death.
    + Bobby Clack, 83, English outfielder the Brooklyn Atlantics and the Cincinnati Reds from 1874 through 1876, who also served as an umpire during five games in 1876.
* October 31 – Charlie Loudenslager, 52, second baseman who played in one game for the 1904 Brooklyn Superbas of the National League.

### November

* November 1 – Ed Scott, 63, pitcher from 1900 to 1901 for the Cincinnati Reds and Cleveland Blues.
* November 2 – Lew Phelan, 69, manager for the 1895 St. Louis Browns of the National League.
* November 5 – Frank Freund, 58, backup catcher for the 1896 Louisville Colonels.
* November 18 – Charles Strick, 75, catcher/second baseman/centerfielder who played for the 1882 Louisville Eclipse of the American Association.
* November 29 – John Humphries, 72, Canadian catcher/outfielder/first baseman who played from 1883 through 1885 for the New York Gothams of the National League and the Washington Nationals of the American Association.

### December

* December 7 – Fred Hoey, 68, manager for the 1899 New York Giants of the National League.
* December 11 – Harry Croft, 58, National League OF/IF utility man who played in 1899 with the Louisville Colonels and the Philadelphia Phillies, before joining the Chicago Orphans in 1901.
* December 17 – Charlie DeArmond, 56, third baseman for the 1903 Cincinnati Reds.
* December 18 – Fred Robinson, 77, second baseman for the 1884 Cincinnati Outlaw Reds of the Union Association.
* December 21 – Louie Heilbroner, 72, manager for the St. Louis Cardinals during the 1902 season.
* December 22:
    + Nin Alexander, 75, catcher who played in 1884 for the Kansas City Unions of the Union Association and the St. Louis Browns of the American Association.
    + Joe Flynn, 71, outfielder who played in 1884 for the Philadelphia Keystones and Boston Reds of the Union Association.
* December 27 – Fritz Buelow, 57, fine defensive catcher during nine seasons from 1899 to 1907 for the St. Louis Perfectos/Cardinals, Detroit Tigers, Cleveland Naps and St. Louis Browns, who is regarded as the first ballplayer born in Berlin, Germany, to appear in a major league game.
* December 31 – James Donnelly, 66, third baseman for the 1884 Kansas City Cowboys of the Union Association.


title: Babyloniidae

abstract: Babyloniidae is a taxonomic family of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks unassigned within the superfamily Neogastropoda.

text:
# Babyloniidae

**Babyloniidae** is a taxonomic family of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks unassigned within the superfamily Neogastropoda.

## Nomenclature

Three family-group names are older than Babyloniidae. Swainson based his concept of Eburninae on species of Babylonia, but he misidentified *Eburna*, the type species of which belongs to the family Olividae; under Art. 41 of the Code, the case should be resolved by the ICZN. Dipsaccinae and Latrunculinae are based on junior synonyms of *Babylonia*, none of which has been used in recent decades. However, *Latrunculus* has sporadically been used as valid shortly after 1899 (e.g. by Cossmann 1901 when he established the subfamily name), so that Babyloniidae cannot be protected automatically under ICZN Art. 23.9 (Reversal of precedence). The case has to be submitted to the ICZN to conserve the name Babyloniidae. \[Bouchet & Rocroi 2005\]

## Genera and species

Genera and species within the Babyloniidae are as follows:

Genera brought into synonymy * *Galanthis* Gistel, 1848: synonym of *Babylonia* Schlüter, 1838
* *Latrunculus* Gray, 1847: synonym of *Babylonia* Schlüter, 1838
* *Peridipsaccus* Rovereto, 1900: synonym of *Babylonia* Schlüter, 1838

## Enemies

The Babyloniidae are enemies with the common snail and are aggressive with them to the extent of breaking their shells and eating them.

* Kuroda, T., Habe, T. & Oyama, K. (1971). *The sea shells of Sagami Bay collected by His Majesty the Emperor of Japan*. Tokyo: Maruzen Co. pp. 1–489.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* Bouchet P., Rocroi J.P., Hausdorf B., Kaim A., Kano Y., Nützel A., Parkhaev P., Schrödl M. & Strong E.E. (2017). "Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families". *Malacologia*. **61** (1–2): 1–526.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* Fraussen K. & Stratmann D. (2013) *The family Babyloniidae*. In: G.T. Poppe & K. Groh (eds), A conchological iconography. Harxheim: Conchbooks. 96 pp., pls 1-48.

## InfoBox

| Babyloniidae | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Babylonia spirata* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Neogastropoda |
| Family: | Babyloniidae<br>Kuroda, T., T. Habe & K. Oyama, 1971 |
|
| Genera and species | |
| See text | |
| Synonyms | |
| * Dipsaccinae P. Fischer, 1884 * Eburninae Swainson, 1840 * Latrunculinae Cossmann, 1901 | |


title: 2000 Haitian presidential election

text:
# 2000 Haitian presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Haiti on 26 November 2000. The opposition parties, organised into the recently created Convergence Démocratique, boycotted the election after disputing the results of the parliamentary elections. The result was a landslide victory for Jean-Bertrand Aristide, who received 91.7% of the vote with a turnout of around 50%.

Concerns were raised when the Organisation of American States conducted a fact-finding mission on the election and found that 10 senatorial seats in the simultaneous parliamentary elections should have gone to a second-round runoff because the candidates did not win an absolute majority as required by the constitution. This resulted in the European Union and the United States banning economic assistance to the country until 2005, which were supported by Haitian opposition members.

## Results

| Candidate | | Party | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Jean-Bertrand Aristide | Fanmi Lavalas | 2,632,534 | 91.67 |
|  | Arnold Dumas | Independent | 56,678 | 1.97 |
|  | Evan Nicolas | Union for National Reconciliation | 45,441 | 1.58 |
|  | Serge Sylvain | Independent | 37,371 | 1.30 |
|  | Calixte Dorisca | Independent | 36,233 | 1.26 |
|  | Jacques Philippe Dorce | Independent | 32,245 | 1.12 |
|  | Paul Arthur Fleurival | Independent | 31,100 | 1.08 |
| Total | | | 2,871,602 | 100.00 |
|  | | | | |
| Source: Nohlen | | | | |

## InfoBox

2000 Haitian presidential election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Nominee Jean Bertrand Aristide Arnold Dumas   Party Fanmi Lavalas Independent  Popular vote **2,632,534** 56,678  Percentage **91.67%** 1.97% | |
| ---  **President before election**
René Préval
Fanmi Lavalas **Elected President**
Jean-Bertrand Aristide
Fanmi Lavalas | |


abstract: The 12th Aerobic Gymnastics World Championships were held in Sofia, Bulgaria 1 to 3 June 2012.

text:
# 2012 Aerobic Gymnastics World Championships

The **12th Aerobic Gymnastics World Championships** were held in Sofia, Bulgaria 1 to 3 June 2012.

## Results

### Women's Individual

| Rank | Gymnast | Country | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Sara Moreno | Spain | 21.650 |
|  | Aurelie Joly | France | 21.350 |
|  | Lubov Gazov | Austria | 21.250 |
|
| 4 | Oana Corina Constantin | Romania | 21.150 |
| 5 | Giulia Bianchi | Italy | 20.850 |
| 6 | Denitsa Parichkova | Bulgaria | 20.800 |
| 6 | Hyun Kung Shin | South Korea | 20.800 |
| 8 | Maria Luisa Pavel | Romania | 20.700 |
|

### Men's Individual

| Rank | Gymnast | Country | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Ivan Parejo | Spain | 22.200 |
|  | Mircea Zamfir | Romania | 21.650 |
|  | Liangfa Li | China | 21.600 |
|  | Mircea Brinzea | Romania | 21.600 |
| 5 | Maxime Decker-Breitel | France | 21.300 |
| 6 | Emanuele Pagliuca | Italy | 20.800 |
| 7 | Benjamin Garavel | France | 20.750 |
| 8 | Vicente Lli Llorris | Spain | 20.450 |
|

### Mixed Pairs

| Rank | Gymnasts | Country | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Sara Moreno, Vincente Lli | Spain | 21.650 |
|  | Andreea Bogati, Tudorel-Valentin Mavrodineanu | Romania | 21.650 |
|  | Evgeniia Kudymova, Maksim Grinin | Russia | 21.550 |
| 4 | Guang Yang, Chao Ma | China | 21.450 |
| 5 | Aleksei Germanov, Polina Amosenok | Russia | 21.000 |
| 6 | Julien Chaninet, Aurelie Joly | France | 20.950 |
| 7 | Vũ Bá Đông, Trần Thị Thu Hà | Vietnam | 20.850 |
| 8 | Changil Yoon, Hyun Kyung Shin | South Korea | 19.800 |
|

### Trios

| Rank | Gymnasts | Country | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Le Tao, Lei Che, Mingzhe Han | China | 22.300 |
|  | Guontaeck Kim, Kyung Ho Lee, Jusun Ryu | South Korea | 22.300 |
|  | Tudorel-Valentin Mavrodineanu, Mircea Brinzea, Mircea Zamfir | Romania | 22.100 |
| 4 | Liangfa Li, Tianbo Liu, Zizhuo Wang | China | 21.800 |
| 5 | Vũ Bá Đông, Tien Phuong Nguyen, Trần Thị Thu Hà | Vietnam | 21.150 |
| 6 | Alexander Kondratichev, Igor Trushkov, Kirill Lobanznyuk | Russia | 21.050 |
| 7 | Osvaldo Solis Martinez, Josefath Ivan Veloz Velazquez, Juan Jose Quiroz Hernandez | Mexico | 20.400 |
| 8 | Simone Bonatti, Davide Donati, Antonio Caforio | Italy | 20.350 |
|

### Groups

| Rank | Gymnast | Country | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liangfa Li, Tianbo Liu, Zizhuo Wang, Le Tao, Lei Che, Mingzhe Han | China | 22.200 |
|  | Mathieu Deliers, David Orta, Maxime Dekher-Breitel, Benjamin Garavel, Nicolas Garavel, Jonathan Gajdane | France | 21.750 |
|  | Marius Gavriloaie, Mircea Zamfir, Mircea Brinzea, Tudorel-Valentin Mavrodineanu, Petru Porime Tolan, Florin Nebunu | Romania | 21.700 |
| 4 | Alexander Kondratichev, Igor Trushkov, Kirill Lobaznyuk, Garsevan Dzhanazyan, Valeriy Gusev, Danil Chayun | Russia | 21.200 |
| 5 | Maria Bianca Becze, Maria Luisa Pavel, Anca Claudia Surdu, Andreea Bogati, Oana Corina Constantin, Laura Andreea Cristache | Romania | 21.105 |
| 6 | Denis Soloviev, Evgeniia Kudymova, Denis Shurupov, Dmitriy Safonov, Alexei Germanov, Andrey Zhivin | Russia | 20.634 |
| 7 | Reza Farrokhian, Alireza Farrokh, Amin Arbabkazemzadeh, Mohammad Sakkaki, Habib Ebadi, Mostafa Mousavi | Iran | 20.450 |
| 8 | Sungkyu Song, Kyung Ho Lee, Jusun Ryu, Inchan Hwang, Sunghwa Lee, Jae Youn Go | South Korea | 20.000 |
|

### Dance

| Rank | Gymnast | Country | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Le Tao, Lei Che, Zhi Li, Jinxuan Huang, Qin Zou, Minchao Shou, Bangda Hu, Mingzhe Han | China | 19.513 |
|  | Maria Bianca Becze, Lucian Fratiloiu, Maria Luisa Pavel, Anca Claudia Surdu, Laura Andreea Cristache, Marius Ciprian Petruse, Petru Porime Tolan, Florin Nebunu | Romania | 19.213 |
|  | Dorian Alimelie, Jonathan Gajdane, Chrystel Lejeune, Aurelie Joly, Jacques Hugot, Eugenie Raphael, Marion Roger, Laure Valdivia | France | 19.013 |
| 4 | Kyung Ho Lee, Eungsoo Kim, Jaehyun Han, Guontaeck Kim, Incham Hwang, Sunghwa Lee, Changil Yoon, Taehee Yun | South Korea | 18.900 |
| 5 | Andrey Zhivin, Maxim Grinin, Polina Polyanskikh, Oxana Trukhacheva, Irina Klopova, Veronika Korneva, Valeriy Gusev, Danil Chayun | Russia | 18.688 |
| 6 | Simone Bonatti, Davide Donati, Antonio Caforio, Alessandra Volpe, Cinzia Galletti, Maria Chiara Albergati, Gaia Brambilla, Erika Corio | Italy | 18.663 |
| 7 | Anett Bako, Agota Szorenyi, Reka Lendvay, Alexandra Hagymasi, Dora Lendvay, Evelin Rozsa, Orsolya Kun, Rosza Sipeki | Hungary | 18.613 |
| 8 | Chelsea Carroll, Samantha Elkington, Zoe Tisdale, Samantha Kukura, Susan Price, Emma Davies, Catriona Cowden, Sarah Millar | Australia | 17.053 |
|

### Step

| Rank | Gymnast | Country | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Zhi Li, Yuhan Wang, Jinxuan Huang, Qin Zou, Minchao Shou, Bangda Hu, Junqiang Wu, Ye Ma | China | 17.800 |
|  | Evgeniia Kudymova, Denis Shurupov, Dmitriy Safonov, Alexey Germanov, Polina Polyanskikh, Irina Klopova, Veronika Korneva, Danil Chayun | Russia | 17.800 |
|  | Galbadrakh Enkhbayar, Enkhpurev Altangerel, Ariunbold Sainbayar, Altan Ochir Narmandakh, Sergelen Narmandakh, Batgerel Batsaikhan, Munkhtogoo Amarjargal, Galmandakh Yadamjav | Mongolia | 17.700 |
| 4 | Mathieu Deliers, Nicolas Garavel, Jonathan Gajdane, Jacques Hugot, Eugenie Raphael, Marion Roger, Laure Valdivia, Gavin Jourdan | France | 17.650 |
| 5 | Hyung Kyung Shin, Mi Hyu Shim, Yeon Sun Park, Minji Ryu, Youra Lee, Yun Ji Noh, Eunji Kim, Eunbi Lee | South Korea | 17.400 |
| 6 | David Belio Rodriguez, Ines Belsue, Ines Lasarte, Berta Izaguerri Artiaga, Violeta Monge Moreno, Maria Gonzalez Romero, Isaac Lozano Echevarria, Lucia Del Barco Gonzalez | Spain | 17.300 |
| 7 | Ramona Kovacs, Anita Taskai, Julia Szabo, Kinga Szinder, Evelin Czako, Cecilia Ujvari, Anita Hosnyanski, Kitti Korosi | Hungary | 17.100 |
| 8 | Kateryna Shelest, Viktoriya Gubenko, Kateryna Stokolos, Alina Chmykhal, Kateryna Ivanova, Olga Lukynova, Kateryna Shekhovtsova, Olena Teptina | Ukraine | 16.950 |
|

### Team

| Rank | Country | Points |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Romania | 17 |
|  | France | 18 |
|  | China | 20 |
| 4 | South Korea | 22 |
| 5 | Russia | 30 |
| 6 | Hungary | 55 |
| 7 | Argentina | 63 |
| 8 | Ukraine | 93 |
| 9 | Venezuela | 98 |
| 10 | India | 116 |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | China | 4 | 0 | 2 | 6 |
| 2 | Spain | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 3 | Romania | 2 | 2 | 3 | 7 |
| 4 | Russia | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 5 | South Korea | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 6 | France | 0 | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| 7 | Austria | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| | Mongolia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (8 entries) | | 11 | 5 | 9 | 25 |


title: Bait and Switch (book)

abstract: Bait and Switch: The (Futile) Pursuit of the American Dream is a 2005 book by Barbara Ehrenreich. The book follows Ehrenreich's examination of the world of insecure low-wage work that constituted Nickel and Dimed, published in 2001. In this case, she decided to pseudonymously penetrate the corporate world instead and then write about the way in which things operate in reality in a similar manner to her earlier book. She embarked upon a quest to try to get a job in public relations. However, after ten months of effort Ehrenreich was unable to find a job, receiving only two offers of commission-based sales work in cosmetics and car insurance. Neither position offered enough money to land her in the middle class socio-economic bracket. In the meantime, she enters a world involving a blizzard of management-speak that she finds utterly objectionable, involving terms such as "takeaway," "skill set," "due diligence" and "in real time." Ehrenreich's discussion, therefore, focuses on the instability of life at a middle or white-collar stratum of the employment world, particularly in the case of the long 'transition' periods when people lose one particular job and attempt to attain another. Her initial goal was to get a job that paid on the order of $50,000 with health insurance, but had to revise this as a result of the difficulties that she faced getting a job. The difficulty of finding a position was in part the product of the reality of the wider jobs market: at the time of writing, she argued that 44% of the long-term unemployed are people who can be categorized as white-collar professionals, showing the extent of the insecurity that is now endemic to much of the sector. Implicitly she is critical of much of the motivational industry that has flourished in the face of employment insecurity and instability; on one character assessment she is described, rather superficially and vacuously, as 'Original and Effective' and on another as 'the commandant'. Throughout this process, she concludes, she is being asked to undergo a form of depersonalization. Moreover, she is critical of the notion that one loses a job or finds it hard to find one because of some internal failing, instead placing the emphasis on the difficulties and challenges of the external reality. Her hope is that future solutions lie in updated forms of collective action that protect employees from the vicissitudes and volatility of the employment world.

text:
# Bait and Switch (book)

***Bait and Switch: The (Futile) Pursuit of the American Dream*** is a 2005 book by Barbara Ehrenreich. The book follows Ehrenreich's examination of the world of insecure low-wage work that constituted *Nickel and Dimed*, published in 2001. In this case, she decided to pseudonymously penetrate the corporate world instead and then write about the way in which things operate in reality in a similar manner to her earlier book (in this case adopting her maiden name as a cover). She embarked upon a quest to try to get a job in public relations.

However, after ten months of effort (including hiring a career coach, attending careers fairs, networking with job seekers and signing up for an employment 'boot camp') Ehrenreich was unable to find a job, receiving only two offers of commission-based sales work in cosmetics and car insurance. Neither position offered enough money to land her in the middle class socio-economic bracket. In the meantime, she enters a world involving a blizzard of management-speak that she finds utterly objectionable, involving terms such as "takeaway," "skill set," "due diligence" and "in real time."

Ehrenreich's discussion, therefore, focuses on the instability of life at a middle or white-collar stratum of the employment world, particularly in the case of the long 'transition' periods when people lose one particular job and attempt to attain another. Her initial goal was to get a job that paid on the order of $50,000 with health insurance, but had to revise this as a result of the difficulties that she faced getting a job. The difficulty of finding a position was in part the product of the reality of the wider jobs market: at the time of writing, she argued that 44% of the long-term unemployed are people who can be categorized as white-collar professionals, showing the extent of the insecurity that is now endemic to much of the sector.

Implicitly she is critical of much of the motivational industry that has flourished in the face of employment insecurity and instability; on one character assessment she is described, rather superficially and vacuously, as 'Original and Effective' and on another as 'the commandant'. Throughout this process, she concludes, she is being asked to undergo a form of depersonalization. Moreover, she is critical of the notion that one loses a job or finds it hard to find one because of some internal failing, instead placing the emphasis on the difficulties and challenges of the external reality. Her hope is that future solutions lie in updated forms of collective action that protect employees from the vicissitudes and volatility of the employment world.

## InfoBox

Bait and Switch
| First edition | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Barbara Ehrenreich |
| Publisher | Metropolitan Books |
| Publication date | United States <br>2005 |
| Pages | 256pp. |
| ISBN | 1429915706 |


title: Ashland Cemetery

abstract: Ashland Cemetery is a cemetery in Ashland, Oregon, in the United States. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Notable burials include Lindsay Applegate and Abel Helman.

text:
# Ashland Cemetery

**Ashland Cemetery** is a cemetery in Ashland, Oregon, in the United States. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Notable burials include Lindsay Applegate and Abel Helman.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Ashland Cemetery | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| The cemetery in 2011 | |
|  | |
| Location | 750 East Main Street,<br>Ashland, Oregon |
| Coordinates | 42°11′37″N 122°42′18″W / 42.19361°N 122.70500°W / 42.19361; -122.70500 |
| Area | 5 acres (2.0 ha) |
| Built | 1873 (1873) |
| MPS | Historic Cemeteries of Ashland MPS |
| NRHP reference No. | 95000687 |
| Added to NRHP | June 8, 1995 |


title: Frednowy

abstract: Frednowy is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Iława, within Iława County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) north-east of Iława and 55 km (34 mi) west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

text:
# Frednowy

**Frednowy** \[frɛdˈnɔvɨ\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Iława, within Iława County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) north-east of Iława and 55 km (34 mi) west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

## InfoBox

| Frednowy | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Frednowy | |
| Coordinates: 53°40′N 19°42′E / 53.667°N 19.700°E / 53.667; 19.700 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Warmian-Masurian |
| County | Iława |
| Gmina | Iława |
| Population | 800 |


title: 1953 Toronto Argonauts season

abstract: The 1953 Toronto Argonauts finished in fourth place in the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union with a 5–9 record and failed to make the playoffs.

text:
# 1953 Toronto Argonauts season

The **1953 Toronto Argonauts** finished in fourth place in the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union with a 5–9 record and failed to make the playoffs.

## Regular season

### Standings

**Interprovincial Rugby Football Union**
| Team | GP | W | L | T | PF | PA | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Montreal Alouettes** | 14 | 8 | 6 | 0 | 292 | 229 | 16 |
| **Hamilton Tiger-Cats** | 14 | 8 | 6 | 0 | 229 | 243 | 16 |
| Ottawa Rough Riders | 14 | 7 | 7 | 0 | 266 | 238 | 14 |
| Toronto Argonauts | 14 | 5 | 9 | 0 | 172 | 249 | 10 |

### Schedule

| **Week** | **Date** | **Opponent** | **Location** | **Final score** | **Attendance** | **Record** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | August 26 | Alouettes | Varsity Stadium | W 11–9 | 18,500 | 1–0–0 |
| 2 | September 2 | @ Alouettes | Delorimier Stadium | L 15–7 | 13,276 | 1–1–0 |
| 2 | September 7 | @ Tiger-Cats | Civic Stadium | L 14–12 | 17,000 | 1–2–0 |
| 3 | September 12 | Rough Riders | Varsity Stadium | L 20–16 | 17,459 | 1–3–0 |
| 4 | September 16 | @ Tiger-Cats | Civic Stadium | W 21–20 | 14,000 | 2–3–0 |
| 4 | September 19 | Tiger-Cats | Varsity Stadium | L 12–9 | 20,382 | 2–4–0 |
| 5 | September 26 | @ Rough Riders | Lansdowne Park | W 18–17 | 16,000 | 3–4–0 |
| 6 | *Bye* | | | | |
| 7 | October 10 | Tiger-Cats | Varsity Stadium | L 26–0 | 19,150 | 3–5–0 |
| 7 | October 12 | @ Tiger-Cats | Civic Stadium | W 30–12 | 19,069 | 4–5–0 |
| 8 | October 18 | @ Alouettes | Delorimier Stadium | L 39–11 | 19,603 | 4–6–0 |
| 9 | October 24 | Tiger-Cats | Varsity Stadium | W 17–5 |  | 5–6–0 |
| 10 | October 31 | Rough Riders | Varsity Stadium | L 20–8 | 20,187 | 5–7–0 |
| 11 | November 7 | @ Rough Riders | Lansdowne Park | L 13–4 |  | 5–8–0 |
| 12 | November 14 | Alouettes | Varsity Stadium | L 27–8 | 16,153 | 5–9–0 |

## InfoBox

| 1953 Toronto Argonauts season | |
| --- | --- |
| Head coach | Frank Clair |
| Home field | Varsity Stadium |
| Results | |
| Record | **5–9** |
| Division place | **4th, IRFU** |
| Playoff finish | *did not qualify* |
|


title: Euphlyctis aloysii

abstract: Euphlyctis aloysii is a species of frog in the family Dicroglossidae. It is endemic to Karnataka, southwestern India. It was described from a female holotype from Mangalore, Karnataka.

text:
# Euphlyctis aloysii

***Euphlyctis aloysii*** is a species of frog in the family Dicroglossidae. It is endemic to Karnataka, southwestern India. It was described from a female holotype from Mangalore, Karnataka.

## Description

Adults are small compared to other members of this genus; head is wider than long; snout appears pointed; nostrils are closer to the tip of snout rather than the eye; the nostrils are farther apart as compared to the distance between the eyes; tympanum is distinct and large, forming nearly 75% of the eye diameter; no webbing between fingers; first finger longer than the second but smaller than the third; foot longer than the femur and shank length; toes moderately pointed; fourth toe longer than others; webbing between toes are full, reaching the tips of all toes and sharply incised between toes; inner-metatarsal tubercle is indistinct; supratympanic fold present, but does not reach the base of arms; dorsum interspersed with small, rounded ridges; flanks, thigh and venter are smooth; a pair of dermal projections seen from anterior edge of forelimbs until groin. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that *E. aloysii* is closely related to *E. hexadactylus* and another potentially un-described species.

### Color in life

Dorsum appears greenish brown with a thin, greenish mid-dorsal line running from tip of snout to vent; upper jaw near snout appear greenish as do the flanks, with the green coloration reducing gradually towards the groin. Based on the coloration, the adults of this species may be confused with juveniles of *E. hexadactylus*.

## Etymology

This species is named in honor of Aloysius Gonzaga, a prince in Italy who entered the Jesuit order and died in Rome, serving people during an epidemic plague. The institution where one of the authors completed most work in describing the species is named after St. Aloysius as well.

## Ecology and natural history

The ova in female specimens are pigmented and about 1 mm in diameter. Gravid females have been collected from the months of May until late July and implied that they may spawn in early August. *E. aloysii* co-occurs with other congeners such as *E. hexadactylus*; *E. cyanophlyctis* and *E. karaavali*. Other species include *Hoplobatrachus tigerinus*, *Microhyla ornata*, *Minervarya sahyadris*, *Minervarya caperata* and, *Indosylvirana intermedia*.

## Distribution

Currently known from Adyar and Bajpe in Mangalore and Manipal in Karnataka.

## InfoBox

| *Euphlyctis aloysii* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Adult male from Manipal, Karnataka | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Dicroglossidae |
| Genus: | *Euphlyctis* |
| Species: | ***E. aloysii*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Euphlyctis aloysii***<br>Joshy, Alam, Kurabayashi, Sumida, and Kuramoto, 2009 | |
|


title: Euzophera tintilla

abstract: Euzophera tintilla is a species of snout moth in the genus Euzophera. It was described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1914, and is known from Panama.

text:
# Euzophera tintilla

***Euzophera tintilla*** is a species of snout moth in the genus *Euzophera*. It was described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1914, and is known from Panama.

## InfoBox

| *Euzophera tintilla* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Pyralidae |
| Genus: | *Euzophera* |
| Species: | ***E. tintilla*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Euzophera tintilla***<br>Dyar, 1914 | |
|


title: 1926 Edmonton municipal election

text:
# 1926 Edmonton municipal election

The 1926 municipal election was held December 13, 1926, to elect a mayor and six aldermen to sit on Edmonton City Council and three trustees to sit on the public school board. Harry Carrigan, J O Pilon, and W D Trainor were acclaimed to two-year terms on the separate school board.

There were ten aldermen on city council, but four of the positions were already filled: James East, James Findlay, Frederick Keillor (SS), and A C Sloane were all elected to two-year terms in 1925 and were still in office. James McCrie Douglas (SS) had also been elected in 1925, but had resigned to run for mayor; accordingly, L S C Dineen was elected to a one-year term.

There were seven trustees on the public school board, but four of the positions were already filled: Ralph Bellamy, Frank Crang (SS), F S MacPherson, and Elmer Roper had all been elected to two-year terms in 1925 and were still in office. The same was true on the separate board, where R Crossland (SS), Charles Gariepy, Thomas Magee, and A J Ryan were continuing.

The election of mayor was conducted using Alternative Voting; the election of councillors and school trustees was conducted using the single transferable vote system.

## Voter turnout

There were 12720 ballots cast out of 35726 eligible voters, for a voter turnout of 35.6%.

## Results

### Mayor

| Party | | Candidate | Initial Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Ambrose Bury** | **4,816** | **37.94%** |
|  | Labour | Dan Knott | 2,944 | 23.19% |
|  | Civic Government Association | Will Werner | 2,388 | 18.81% |
|  | Independent | Joseph Clarke | 1,727 | 13.61% |
|  | Independent | James McCrie Douglas | 571 | 4.50% |
|  | Independent | Rice Sheppard | 247 | 1.95% |

The mayoral election was conducted using Instant-runoff voting. No candidate had a majority of votes in the first count so the lowest-ranking candidates were eliminated and their votes were transferred based on back-up preferences marked by voters. Bury accumulated a majority of votes eventually and was declared the winner in the end.

### Aldermen

Total valid votes 12,291. Six seats to fill. Quota (the number of votes that guarantees election): 1755 One southside candidate must be elected, even if none has quota.

| Party | | Candidate | Initial Votes | Elected |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labour | Charles Gibbs | 2,107 | Y |
|  | Labour | Alfred Farmilo | 1,510 | Y |
|  | Independent | Charles Robson | 1,458 | Y |
|  | Civic Government Association | Herbert Baker | 1,287 | Y |
|  | Civic Government Association | Robert Dolphin Tighe | 1,107 |
|  | Civic Government Association | George Hazlett | 1,009 | Y |
|  | Civic Government Association | Robert Muir | 980 |
|  | Civic Government Association | Charles Henry Grant | 840 |
|  | Civic Government Association | Norman Currie Willson | 657 |
|  | Labour | Lionel Shurley Crawford Dineen (ss) | 555 | Y |
|  | Labour | Edward James Thompson | 402 |
|  | Labour | Edwin Evart Owen | 379 |

Because of the single transferable vote system, although Tighe received more initial votes than Hazlitt (although not enough to capture a seat), he was not elected while initially-less-popular Hazlitt was. Hazlitt passed Tighe's vote total due to votes transferred from other candidates.

Dineen was declared elected due to the southside guarantee.

The city clerk's conducting of this STV/PR vote was criticized and the next year the city held a plebiscite on whether to continue using the STV/PR system.

### Public school trustees

| Party | | Candidate | Votes |  | Elected |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labour | Samuel Barnes | 3,741 |  | Y |
|  | Civic Government Association | Thyrza Bishop | 2,506 |  | Y |
|  | Civic Government Association | D. B. Lake | 1,710 |
|  | Civic Government Association | W. W. McBain (ss) | 1,528 |
|  | Labour | J A Herlihy (ss) | 1,127 | SS | Y |
|  | Labour | G. Teviotdale | 480 |

Under the minimum South Side representation rule, Herlihy was elected over Lake and McBain. Later McBain challenged Herlihy's election and was given the school board seat.

### Separate (Catholic) school trustees

***Harry Carrigan***, **J O Pilon**, and **W D Trainor** were acclaimed.


abstract: The 1986 NCAA Division III Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the culmination of the 1985–86 season, the 3rd such tournament in NCAA history. It concluded with Bemidji State defeating Plattsburgh State 8-5. All Quarterfinals matchups were held at home team venues, while all succeeding games were played in Bemidji, Minnesota. Plattsburgh State's tournament performance was later vacated due to NCAA violations.

text:
# 1986 NCAA Division III men's ice hockey tournament

The **1986 NCAA Division III Men's Ice Hockey Tournament** was the culmination of the 1985–86 season, the 3rd such tournament in NCAA history. It concluded with Bemidji State defeating Plattsburgh State 8-5. All Quarterfinals matchups were held at home team venues, while all succeeding games were played in Bemidji, Minnesota.

Plattsburgh State's tournament performance was later vacated due to NCAA violations.

## Qualifying teams

The following teams qualified for the tournament. There were no automatic bids, however, conference tournament champions were given preferential consideration. No formal seeding was used while quarterfinal matches were arranged so that the road teams would have the shortest possible travel distances.

| East | | | | | | West | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| School | Conference | Record | Berth Type | Appearance | Last Bid | School | Conference | Record | Berth Type | Appearance | Last Bid |
| Babson | ECAC East | 19–7–1 | At-Large | 3rd | 1985 | Bemidji State | NCHA | 22–8–1 | Tournament Champion | 2nd | 1985 |
| Elmira | ECAC West | 24–5–0 | At-Large | 1st | Never | Mankato State | NCHA | 25–6–3 | At-Large | 2nd | 1985 |
| Plattsburgh State | ECAC West | 25–11–1 | At-Large | (vacated) | 1985 | St. Thomas | MIAC | 24–5–1 | Tournament Champion | 3rd | 1985 |
| RIT | ECAC West | 28–5–0 | Tournament Champion | 3rd | 1985 |
| Union | ECAC West | 15–12–0 | At-Large | 3rd | 1985 |

## Format

The tournament featured three rounds of play. In the Quarterfinals, teams played a two-game series to determine which school advanced to the Semifinals, with tied series decided by a 20-minute mini-game. Mini-game scores are in *italics*. Beginning with the Semifinals all games became Single-game eliminations. The winning teams in the semifinals advanced to the National Championship Game with the losers playing in a Third Place game. The teams were seeded according to geographic proximity in the quarterfinals so the visiting team would have the shortest feasible distance to travel.

## Bracket

|  | **Quarterfinals**
March 14–16 | | | | |  |  | **Semifinals**
March 21 | | |  |  | **National Championship**
March 22 | | |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | **Mankato State** | | **6** | 1 | ***2*** |  |  | | | | |  | | | | |
|  | || | | | | |
|  | St. Thomas | | 5 | **6** | *0* |  | ||
|  | |  | | | | | Mankato State | | 5 |  ||
|  | | |  | | | | | | |  ||
|  | |  |  | **Plattsburgh State** | | **7** |  ||
|  | **Plattsburgh State** | | | | | | **7** | 5 | **3** |  ||
|  | |  | | | | | | | | ||
|  | | Babson | | 5 | **8** | *1* |  ||
|  | |  | | | | | Plattsburgh State | | 5 |  |
|  | | |  | | | | | | | | | | | |  |
|  | |  |  | **Bemidji State** | | **8** |  |
|  | **Bemidji State** | | | | | | **4** | 3 | ***3*** |  |  | | | | |
|  | || | | | |
|  | Elmira | | 2 | **5** | *0* |  | |
|  | |  | | | | | **Bemidji State** | | **4**\*** |  |  | **Third Place Game** | | |
|  | | |  | | | | | | |  |
|  | |  |  | RIT | | 3 |  |
|  | **RIT** | | | | | | **4** | **8** | \- |  |  | Mankato State | | 0 |
|  | |  | | | | | | | | | | |
|  | | Union | | 1 | 7 | \- |  |  | **RIT** | | **6** |

Note: * denotes overtime period(s)
Note: Mini-games in *italics*

## All-Tournament Team

* G: Jim Martin (Bemidji State)
* D: Chris Panek (Plattsburgh State)
* D: Dale Rivington (RIT)
* F: Mike Alexander\* (Bemidji State)
* F: Tim Lescarbeau (Bemidji State)
* F: Todd Lescarbeau (Bemidji State)

* Most Outstanding Player(s)

## Record by conference

| Conference | \# of Bids | Record | Win % | Frozen Four | Championship Game | Champions |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| ECAC West | 3 | 4–4 | .500 | 1 | - | - |
| NCHA | 2 | 4–4 | .500 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| ECAC East | 1 | 1–1 | .500 | - | - | - |
| MIAC | 1 | 1–1 | .500 | - | - | - |

Plattsburgh State's record not included

## InfoBox

1986 NCAA Division III men's
ice hockey tournament
| Teams | 8 |
| --- | --- |
| Finals site |  |
| Champions | Bemidji State Beavers (1st title) |
| Runner-up | Plattsburgh State Cardinals (*vacated* title game) |
| Semifinalists |  |
| Winning coach | Bob Peters (1st title) |
| MOP | Mike Alexander (Bemidji State) |
| Attendance | 14,592 |
|