title: 1953 Ryder Cup

abstract: The 10th Ryder Cup Matches were held 2–3 October 1953 at Wentworth Club in Virginia Water, Surrey, England, west of London. The United States team won its sixth consecutive competition by a score of 61⁄2 to 51⁄2 points.

text:
# 1953 Ryder Cup

Wentworth Clubclass=notpageimage|Location in England

The **10th Ryder Cup Matches** were held 2–3 October 1953 at Wentworth Club in Virginia Water, Surrey, England, west of London. The United States team won its sixth consecutive competition by a score of 612 to 512 points.

## Format

The Ryder Cup is a match play event, with each match worth one point. From 1927 through 1959, the format consisted of 4 foursome (alternate shot) matches on the first day and 8 singles matches on the second day, for a total of 12 points. Therefore, 612 points were required to win the Cup. All matches were played to a maximum of 36 holes.

## Teams

Source:

The British team was selected by the tournament committee of the P.G.A. with power to add to their numbers. In January 1953 Henry Cotton was chosen as captain and was co-opted onto the selection committee. In mid-August a group of 17 was announced from which the team would be chosen. This consisted of the eventual team of 10 plus Cotton, Tom Haliburton, Jack Hargreaves, Sam King, Arthur Lees, Norman Sutton and Charlie Ward. John Jacobs was later added to the list. Cotton withdrew from consideration for medical reasons. The P.G.A. arranged a series of trial matches at Wentworth starting on 23 September with the team announced on 26 September.

| **Team Great Britain** | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Name | Age | Previous
Ryder Cups | Matches | W–L–H | Winning
percentage |
| Henry Cotton | 46 | Non-playing captain | | | |
| Jimmy Adams | 42 | 3 | 6 | 2–4–0 | 33.33 |
| Peter Alliss | 22 | 0 | Rookie | | |
| Harry Bradshaw | 39 | 0 | Rookie | | |
| Eric Brown | 28 | 0 | Rookie | | |
| Fred Daly | 41 | 3 | 6 | 1–4–1 | 25.00 |
| Max Faulkner | 37 | 3 | 6 | 1–5–0 | 16.67 |
| Bernard Hunt | 23 | 0 | Rookie | | |
| John Panton | 36 | 1 | 2 | 0–2–0 | 0.00 |
| Dai Rees | 40 | 4 | 7 | 2–4–1 | 35.71 |
| Harry Weetman | 32 | 1 | 1 | 0–1–0 | 0.00 |

The American team was announced in early August, after the 1953 All American Open. The 1952 and 1953 winners of the PGA Championship received automatic places. The remaining 8 members of the team were decided using a points-based system. Ben Hogan and Dutch Harrison qualified but declined their invitations. They were replaced Dave Douglas and Fred Haas, the next two in the points list.

| **Team USA** | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Name | Age | Previous
Ryder Cups | Matches | W–L–H | Winning
percentage |
| Lloyd Mangrum – captain | 39 | 3 | 6 | 5–1–0 | 83.33 |
| Jack Burke Jr. | 30 | 1 | 2 | 2–0–0 | 100.00 |
| Walter Burkemo | 34 | 0 | Rookie | | |
| Dave Douglas | 35 | 0 | Rookie | | |
| Fred Haas | 37 | 0 | Rookie | | |
| Ted Kroll | 34 | 0 | Rookie | | |
| Cary Middlecoff | 32 | 0 | Rookie | | |
| Ed Oliver | 38 | 2 | 4 | 2–2–0 | 50.00 |
| Sam Snead | 41 | 4 | 7 | 6–1–0 | 85.71 |
| Jim Turnesa | 40 | 0 | Rookie | | |

## Friday's foursome matches

In the middle two matches the American pairs won easily after being 8 up and 7 up at lunch. In the first match Douglas and Oliver led by three after three holes of the afternoon round. The British pair reduced the lead to one with six holes to play. Both pairs holes good putts at the 15th but the British pair bogeyed the 16th to be dormie-two. Oliver drove out of bounds at the 17th but the British pair took 6 and the hole was halved. In the final match, Daly and Bradshaw were three up at lunch but lost the first two holes in the afternoon. Daly and Bradshaw's lead increased to 3 at the turn but then the Americans reduced the lead to one. Bradshaw had some luck at the 16th when his drive hit a spectator and the hole was halved. Middlecoff missed a 7-foot putt at the 17th which would have tied the match. The American pair got a 4 at the last but Daly holed from 3 yards to win the match.

|  | Results |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Weetman/Alliss | 2 & 1 | **Douglas/Oliver** |
| Brown/Panton | 8 & 7 | **Mangrum/Snead** |
| Adams/Hunt | 7 & 5 | **Kroll/Burke** |
| **Daly/Bradshaw** | 1 up | Burkemo/Middlecoff |
| 1 | Session | 3 |
| 1 | Overall | 3 |

18 hole scores: Douglas/Oliver: 1 up, Mangrum/Snead: 8 up, Kroll/Burke: 7 up, Daly/Bradshaw: 3 up.

## Saturday's singles matches

The start was delayed by 80 minutes because of mist. At lunch each side was up in three matches with the other two matches level. Rees was ahead after 12 holes of the afternoon round but lost 2 & 1. Daly was 6 up at lunch and won his match easily. Mangrum had levelled his match against Brown with birdies at the 15th and 16th but Brown finished with two fours to win the match. Snead was 4 up at lunch and increased this to five. However he played the last six holes very badly and Weetman won at the last hole, finishing with two fours.

With Middlecoff and Bradshaw winning their matches, the British team needed 112 points from the remaining 2 matches to win or a point to tie. The two British players in these matches were 22-year-old Peter Alliss and 23-year-old Bernard Hunt. Alliss had gone 1 up at the 14th but he 3-putted the 15th while Turnesa got down in two from a bunker. Alliss went out of bounds at the 17th to give Turnesa the lead. Turnesa was in the trees at the last and still short of the green in 3. However, Alliss, just off the green in 2, fluffed his chip, and eventually halved the hole in 6, to guarantee that the USA would retain the Ryder Cup. In the last match Hunt had won the 12th, 13th, 16th and 17th to be dormie-one. At the last, Hunt's second shot was in the trees on the right but he managed to get his third shot to the back of the green. He putted to 4 feet and, with Douglas taking 5, he needed to hole the putt to win the match. He missed and so the USA won 612 to 512.

|  | Results |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Dai Rees | 2 & 1 | **Jack Burke Jr.** |
| **Fred Daly** | 9 & 7 | Ted Kroll |
| **Eric Brown** | 2 up | Lloyd Mangrum |
| **Harry Weetman** | 1 up | Sam Snead |
| Max Faulkner | 3 & 1 | **Cary Middlecoff** |
| Peter Alliss | 1 up | **Jim Turnesa** |
| Bernard Hunt | halved | Dave Douglas |
| **Harry Bradshaw** | 3 & 2 | Fred Haas |
| 412 | Session | 312 |
| 512 | Overall | 612 |

18 hole scores: Rees v Burke: all square, Daly: 6 up, Brown: 2 up, Snead: 4 up, Middlecoff: 3 up, Turnesa: 1 up, Hunt v Douglas: all square, Bradshaw: 1 up.

## Individual player records

Each entry refers to the win–loss–half record of the player.

Source:

### Great Britain

| Player | Points | Overall | Singles | Foursomes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Jimmy Adams | 0 | 0–1–0 | 0–0–0 | 0–1–0 |
| Peter Alliss | 0 | 0–2–0 | 0–1–0 | 0–1–0 |
| Harry Bradshaw | 2 | 2–0–0 | 1–0–0 | 1–0–0 |
| Eric Brown | 1 | 1–1–0 | 1–0–0 | 0–1–0 |
| Fred Daly | 2 | 2–0–0 | 1–0–0 | 1–0–0 |
| Max Faulkner | 0 | 0–1–0 | 0–1–0 | 0–0–0 |
| Bernard Hunt | 0.5 | 0–1–1 | 0–0–1 | 0–1–0 |
| John Panton | 0 | 0–1–0 | 0–0–0 | 0–1–0 |
| Dai Rees | 0 | 0–1–0 | 0–1–0 | 0–0–0 |
| Harry Weetman | 1 | 1–1–0 | 1–0–0 | 0–1–0 |

### United States

| Player | Points | Overall | Singles | Foursomes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Jack Burke Jr. | 2 | 2–0–0 | 1–0–0 | 1–0–0 |
| Walter Burkemo | 0 | 0–1–0 | 0–0–0 | 0–1–0 |
| Dave Douglas | 1.5 | 1–0–1 | 0–0–1 | 1–0–0 |
| Fred Haas | 0 | 0–1–0 | 0–1–0 | 0–0–0 |
| Ted Kroll | 1 | 1–1–0 | 0–1–0 | 1–0–0 |
| Lloyd Mangrum | 1 | 1–1–0 | 0–1–0 | 1–0–0 |
| Cary Middlecoff | 1 | 1–1–0 | 1–0–0 | 0–1–0 |
| Ed Oliver | 1 | 1–0–0 | 0–0–0 | 1–0–0 |
| Sam Snead | 1 | 1–1–0 | 0–1–0 | 1–0–0 |
| Jim Turnesa | 1 | 1–0–0 | 1–0–0 | 0–0–0 |

## Continental Europe–United States match

In January 1953 the PGA of America received an invitation from the European Golf Association to play a match against a team of European professionals. A match was arranged by the EGA and the French Golf Federation, played at Golf de Saint-Cloud, Saint-Cloud, Paris on 6 and 7 October. The match consisted of 5 fourball matches on the first day and 10 singles on the second day, all matches over 18 holes. Originally foursomes matches were planned for the first day but were replaced by fourballs.

Ed Oliver returned to America after the Ryder Cup. He was replaced by PGA officials, Warren Orlick on the first day and Ray Maguire on the second day. The continental europe team was Jean Baptiste Ado, Alfonso Angelini, Georg Bessner, Aldo Casera, Arthur Devulder, Gerard de Wit, Ugo Grappasonni, Marcelino Morcillo, Albert Pélissier and François Saubaber. Ángel Miguel was originally announced in the team but was replaced by Marcelino Morcillo. The team therefore had three players from France and Italy, and one each from Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands and Spain. Auguste Boyer was the non-playing captain. The leading European golfer, Flory Van Donck, did not play. Van Donck had already won four continental open championships in 1953 and two British tournaments. However, the match clashed with the Dunlop Masters which was played on 7 and 8 October. Van Donck was the only continental player competing in the limited field of 20.

The United States led 4–1 after the first day. The Italian pair of Alfonso Angelini and Ugo Grappasonni beat Jim Turnesa and Warren Orlick 2 & 1. On the second day Europe won one match and halved two, giving a final score of 12–3. None of the American Ryder Cup team lost, Europe's only win was by Marcelino Morcillo who beat Ray Maguire. Albert Pélissier halved his match against Walter Burkemo while Grappasonni also halved against Lloyd Mangrum.

From 1954 to 1958 the EGA arranged a similar match between the British Isles and the Rest of Europe for the Joy Cup.

51°23′56″N 0°35′24″W / 51.399°N 0.590°W / 51.399; -0.590

## InfoBox

10th Ryder Cup Matches
| Dates | 2–3 October 1953 |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Wentworth Club |
| Location | Surrey, England |
| Captains |  |
| 512 612 | |
| United States wins the Ryder Cup | |
|


title: Egidijus Majus

abstract: Egidijus Majus is a Lithuanian footballer currently playing for Dinamo Samarqand. His former club were DAC Dunajská Streda and Steel Azin. He played 1 game for Zenit St. Petersburg main squad in the Russian Cup.

text:
# Egidijus Majus

**Egidijus Majus** (born 5 January 1984) is a Lithuanian footballer currently playing for Dinamo Samarqand. His former club were DAC Dunajská Streda and Steel Azin.

He played 1 game for Zenit St. Petersburg main squad in the Russian Cup.

## InfoBox

Egidijus Majus
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1984-01-05) 5 January 1984 | | |
| Height | 1.89 m (6 ft 2+12 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Defender | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Dinamo Samarqand | | |
| Number | 15 | | |
| Youth career | | | |
|  | Ekranas | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2002–2004 | Ekranas | 82 | (4) |
| 2004–2008 | Zenit St. Petersburg | 0 | (0) |
| 2008–2009 | Vėtra | 9 | (0) |
| 2009–2010 | DAC Dunajská Streda | 17 | (1) |
| 2010 | Ekranas | 7 | (0) |
| 2010–2011 | Steel Azin | 1 | (0) |
| 2011 | DAC Dunajská Streda | 4 | (0) |
| 2012– | Dinamo Samarqand | 1 | (0) |
| International career | | | |
| 2008 | Lithuania | 1 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 1 May 2012<br>‡ National team caps and goals, correct as of 4 October 2008 | | | |


title: Egidio Alagna

abstract: Egidio Alagna was an Italian politician. A member of the Italian Socialist Party, he served in the Chamber of Deputies from 1983 to 1992. He died in Palermo on 3 May 2022 at the age of 86.

text:
# Egidio Alagna

**Egidio Alagna** (31 October 1935 – 3 May 2022) was an Italian politician. A member of the Italian Socialist Party, he served in the Chamber of Deputies from 1983 to 1992. He died in Palermo on 3 May 2022 at the age of 86.

## InfoBox

| Egidio Alagna | |
| --- | --- |
| Alagna in 1983 | |
|  | |
| Member of the Chamber of Deputies of Italy | |
| **In office**
12 July 1983  22 April 1992 | |
| Constituency | Palermo-Trapani-Agrigento-Caltanissetta constituency |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 31 October 1935
Marsala, Italy |
| Died | 3 May 2022(2022-05-03) (aged 86)
Palermo, Italy |
| Political party | PSI |
| Occupation | Judge |
|  | |


title: Egidijus Varnas

abstract: Egidijus Varnas is a Lithuanian football forward currently playing for FK Ekranas. Varnas made two appearances for the Lithuania national football team during 2001.

text:
# Egidijus Varnas

**Egidijus Varnas** (born 31 July 1975) is a Lithuanian football forward currently playing for FK Ekranas.

Varnas made two appearances for the Lithuania national football team during 2001.

## InfoBox

Egidijus Varnas
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1975-07-31) 31 July 1975 | | |
| Height | 1.82 m (5 ft 11+12 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Forward | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | FK Ekranas | | |
| Number | 19 | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1995–1996 | FK Utenis Utena | ? | (?) |
| 1996–2003 | FK Ekranas | 128 | (46) |
| 2003–2004 | Hapoel Kfar Saba F.C. | ? | (12) |
| 2004–2005 | Hakoah Ramat Gan | ? | (?) |
| 2005–2006 | FK Šiauliai | 15 | (6) |
| 2006–present | FK Ekranas | 141 | (44) |
| International career | | | |
| 2001 | Lithuania | 2 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 17 December 2009<br>‡ National team caps and goals, correct as of 6 October 2009 | | | |


title: Andrés Pavón

abstract: Andrés Pavón Murillo is a Honduran politician and Human Rights activist. He ran unsuccessfully as a presidential candidate for the 2013 general election representing the UD/FAPER alliance. and former President of the Committee for the Defense of Human Rights in Honduras.

text:
# Andrés Pavón

**Andrés Pavón Murillo** (born 21 July 1962) is a Honduran politician and Human Rights activist. He ran unsuccessfully as a presidential candidate for the 2013 general election representing the UD/FAPER alliance. and former President of the Committee for the Defense of Human Rights in Honduras.

## InfoBox

| Andrés Pavón | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1962-07-21) 21 July 1962<br>Colón, Honduras |
| Occupation | Politician |
| Political party | UD/FAPER |
| Spouse | Ritzy Alméndarez |
| Children | 3 |


title: Andrés Paz

abstract: Andrés Paz is a Venezuelan footballer. He played in nine matches for the Venezuela national football team from 1989 to 1995. He was also part of Venezuela's squad for the 1989 Copa América tournament.

text:
# Andrés Paz

**Andrés Paz** (born 30 November 1963) is a Venezuelan footballer. He played in nine matches for the Venezuela national football team from 1989 to 1995. He was also part of Venezuela's squad for the 1989 Copa América tournament.

## InfoBox

Andrés Paz
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1963-11-30) 30 November 1963 | | |
| International career | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1989–1995 | Venezuela | 9 | (0) |


title: Ehroflug Coach II S

abstract: The Ehroflug Coach II S is a Swiss ultralight aircraft, designed by Egon Scheibe and produced by Ehroflug of Altnau. It was introduced in 1989. The aircraft is supplied as plans, as a kit for amateur construction or as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

text:
# Ehroflug Coach II S

The **Ehroflug Coach II S** is a Swiss ultralight aircraft, designed by Egon Scheibe and produced by Ehroflug of Altnau. It was introduced in 1989. The aircraft is supplied as plans, as a kit for amateur construction or as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

## Design and development

The aircraft was designed to comply with the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight rules. It features a strut-braced parasol wing a two-seats-in-side-by-side configuration open cockpit, fixed conventional landing gear and a single engine in tractor configuration.

The aircraft fuselage is made from welded steel tubing, with the wing built from aluminium tubing with wooden ribs. The airframe is covered in doped aircraft fabric. Its 11.34 m (37.2 ft) span wing has an area of 15 m2 (160 sq ft) and is supported by cabane struts, V-struts and jury struts. The wings are quickly detachable for storage. Standard engines available are the 70 hp (52 kW) Sauer 2.1 four-stroke Volkswagen air-cooled engine and the 64 hp (48 kW) Rotax 582 two-stroke powerplant.

While still in production in 2015, the aircraft was only built on request.

## Specifications (Coach II S)

*Data from* Bayerl and Purdy

**General characteristics**

* **Crew:** one
* **Capacity:** one passenger
* **Wingspan:** 11.34 m (37 ft 2 in)
* **Wing area:** 15 m2 (160 sq ft)
* **Empty weight:** 230 kg (507 lb)
* **Gross weight:** 450 kg (992 lb)
* **Fuel capacity:** 45 litres (9.9 imp gal; 12 US gal)
* **Powerplant:** 1 × Sauer 2.1 four cylinder, air-cooled, four stroke aircraft engine, 70 kW (94 hp)
* **Propellers:** 2-bladed wooden

**Performance**

* **Maximum speed:** 125 km/h (78 mph, 67 kn)
* **Cruise speed:** 100 km/h (62 mph, 54 kn)
* **Stall speed:** 50 km/h (31 mph, 27 kn)
* **g limits:** +5/-3
* **Rate of climb:** 2 m/s (390 ft/min)
* **Wing loading:** 30 kg/m2 (6.1 lb/sq ft)

## InfoBox

| Coach II S | |
| --- | --- |
| Role | Ultralight aircraft |
| National origin | Switzerland |
| Manufacturer | Ehroflug |
| Designer | Egon Scheibe |
| Introduction | 1989 |
| Status | In production |
| Produced | 1989-present |
| Number built | 15 (1998) |


title: Ehrwalder Sonnenspitze

abstract: The Sonnenspitze, also Ehrwalder Sonnenspitze, is a mountain, 2,417 m (AA) high, in the Mieming Chain in the Austrian state of Tyrol with a subpeak, the Signalgipfel (2,412 m) to the south. An ascent of the Sonnenspitze is one of the most popular tours of the Mieming Chain.

text:
# Ehrwalder Sonnenspitze

The **Sonnenspitze**, also **Ehrwalder Sonnenspitze**, is a mountain, 2,417 m (AA) high, in the Mieming Chain in the Austrian state of Tyrol with a subpeak, the *Signalgipfel* (2,412 m) to the south. An ascent of the Sonnenspitze is one of the most popular tours of the Mieming Chain.

## Location

The Sonnenspitze lies south of the village of Ehrwald on the north-westernmost end of the Mieming Chain. To the west lies the village of Biberwier, to the east is the 1,657 m high lake of Seebensee. To the south over the col of *Biberwierer Scharte* (2,000 m) is the Wampeter Schrofen (2,520 m).

## Ascents

The summit may be ascended from the Coburger Hut (1,917 m) on an easy, but in places exposed climb (in places UIAA II) up its south side. The way is marked and secured with anchors and several pitons as intermediate belay points. In places the waymarks are hard to spot, which is why a good sense of direction for the ascent is essential. At the top there is another very narrow and very exposed summit ridge to cross in order to get to the summit cross. This absolutely requires a head for heights.

Another ascent runs from the Seebensee along the northeast ridge to the top. It can be used as a descent when crossing. It runs for long sections through steep, grassy slopes and the uppermost 100 metres in height are a UIAA grade II climb in places. This section too is well marked in places and protected with new belays.

Several climbing routes run along the south arête and up the west face.

## Literature

* Rudolf Wutscher: *Mieminger Kette. Ein Führer für Täler, Hütten und Berge* (= *Alpenvereinsführer. Ostalpen.*). Verfasst nach den Richtlinien der UIAA. Bergverlag Rother, Munich, 1989, ISBN 3-7633-1099-1, pp. 154–157.

## InfoBox

| Ehrwalder Sonnenspitze | |
| --- | --- |
| The Sonnenspitze from the Drachenkopf to the NW <br>The Sonnenspitze from the Ehrwald Basin to the north | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 2,417 m (AA) (7,930 ft) |
| Prominence | 2,417-2,000 m Biberwierer Scharte |
| Isolation | 1.3 km Wamperter Schrofen |
| Coordinates | 47°22′05″N 10°55′18″E / 47.36806°N 10.92167°E / 47.36806; 10.92167 |
| Geography | |
|  | |
| Location | Tyrol, Austria |
| Parent range | Mieming Chain |
| Geology | |
| Age of rock | Uppermost Upper Anisian \- Lower Carnian |
| Type of rock | Wetterstein limestone |
| Climbing | |
| First ascent | 27 July 1873 by Hermann von Barth (tourist) |
| Normal route | Northeast ridge (grade III) |


title: Ehrnrooth family

abstract: The Ehrnrooth family is a Finnish noble family of German origin. It originated from Pomerania, and came to Finland from Livonia around 1600. Its status descends from Johan Plagman (1623–1696), who was raised to nobility in 1687. The family was registered in the Finnish House of Nobility in 1818. Members of the Ehrnrooth family have historically belonged to the Swedish-speaking population of Finland. Many members of the family have been prominent in Finland's business community.

text:
# Ehrnrooth family

The **Ehrnrooth family** is a Finnish noble family of German origin. It originated from Pomerania, and came to Finland from Livonia around 1600. Its status descends from Johan Plagman (1623–1696), who was raised to nobility in 1687. The family was registered in the Finnish House of Nobility in 1818. Members of the Ehrnrooth family have historically belonged to the Swedish-speaking population of Finland.

Many members of the family have been prominent in Finland's business community.

## Members of the family

* Adelaïde Ehrnrooth (1826–1905), writer, feminist
* Adolf Ehrnrooth (1905–2004), general
* Adolf Reinhold Ehrnrooth, general
* Alexander Ehrnrooth (born 1974), businessman
* Anthony Ehrnrooth (born 1984), Country manager of Skynet Worldwide Express Finland, cinematographer, editor and blogger
* Casimir Ehrnrooth (1931–2015), businessman, chairman of Nokia
* Gay Ehrnrooth (1925–2006), businessman
* Georg C. Ehrnrooth (1926–2010), politician
* Georg Larsson Ehrnrooth|Georg Ehrnrooth (born 1940), businessman
* Göran Ehrnrooth (1905–1996), banker, father of Casimir (1931–2015), Göran J. (born 1934), Robert (born 1939) and Elsa Margaretha Louise (born 1942)
* Göran J. Ehrnrooth (born 1934), CEO of Fiskars, father of Alexander (born 1974) and Albert (born 1976) Alexander Ehrnrooth is the main owner of Tiimari since 2006 (Finnish shops with paper, party and consumption ware).
* Gustaf Ehrnrooth (1898–1983), general
* Gustaf Adolf Ehrnrooth (1779–1848), general
* Gustaf Robert Ehrnrooth (1821–1911), general
* Hans Ehrnrooth (born 1974), businessman
* Henrik Ehrnrooth (born 1969), finance manager of Kone and member of Board of Directors
* Johann Casimir Ehrnrooth (1833–1913), lieutenant general
* Leo Ehrnrooth (1877–1951), politician
* Mia Mikela Ehrnrooth (born 1987), actress and model
* Nina Ehrnrooth (born 1962), alpine skier

## Göran Ehrnrooth 1905–1996

Göran Ehrnrooth was a bank manager in Union Bank Finland. Göran Ehrnrooth was married to Louise von Julin, daughter of Jacob von Julin, the CEO of Kaukas paper factory. Their children are Casimir Ehrnrooth (born 1931) UPM-Kymmene CEO, Göran J. Ehrnrooth (born 1934), Robert Ehrnrooth (born 1939) EFFOA-Suomen Höyrylaiva CEO and Elsa Margaretha Louise Fromond (born 1942).

Casimir Ehrnrooth's children are Henrik Ehrnrooth (born 1954), CEO of Pöyry, Johanna Ehrnrooth (1958–2020), painter, Georg J. C. Ehrnrooth (born 1966), and Carl-Gustaf Ehrnrooth (born 1969), a member of Guggenheim Foundation Board of Directors since September 2008.

## InfoBox

| Ehrnrooth | |
| --- | --- |
| Finnish noble family | |
| Arms of the Ehrnrooth family | |
| Current region | Northern Europe (mainly Finland) |


title: Arielle Tepper

abstract: Arielle Tepper is a theater and film producer, native New Yorker, and founder of the concierge service, WhatShouldWeDo?! She also serves as the Board Chair for The Public Theater in New York. Tepper has won six Tony Awards.

text:
# Arielle Tepper

**Arielle Tepper** is a theater and film producer, native New Yorker, and founder of the concierge service, WhatShouldWeDo?! She also serves as the Board Chair for The Public Theater in New York. Tepper has won six Tony Awards.

## Early life

Arielle Tepper was born and raised in Manhattan's Upper East Side. From the age of three, she attended The Dalton School in New York City, spending most of her summers in East Hampton. Arielle's mother, Susan L. Tepper was an artist and her father, a self-employed commodities trader.

At the age of eight, Arielle saw her first Broadway show, *Annie,* which she would later go on to produce.

After graduating from high school, she attended Syracuse University, majoring in Design and Technical Theater.

## Career

In 1998, after graduating from Syracuse University, Tepper founded Arielle Tepper Productions, a theatrical production company to develop and produce plays and musicals both on and off Broadway. Her first production was John Leguizamo's *Freak*, a semi-autobiographical one-person play that ran for six months at the Cort Theater in New York.

Arielle’s producing credits include the film *Genius* and many Broadway and Off-Broadway shows including: *Les Liaisons Dangereuses*, *The Elephant Man* starring Bradley Cooper, *The Cripple of Inishmaan* starring Daniel Radcliffe, *Lucky Guy* starring Tom Hanks, *I’ll Eat You Last: A Chat with Sue Mengers* starring Bette Midler, *Annie*, *Hamlet* starring Jude Law, *Frost/Nixon, Monty Python’s Spamalot*, and *A Raisin in the Sun.*

In 2016, Arielle took a small step back from her production company to launch her newest venture, WhatShouldWeDo?!, a New York planning, recommendations, and booking service.

## Philanthropy

In 2005, Tepper formed The Living Room for Artists, a not for profit 501(c)(3) organization whose aim is to sustain and support the Summer Play Festival which was first presented in 2004. SPF formed an alliance with The Public Theater and had a relationship with the Donmar Warehouse through its creation of the *Playwright Residency Program*.

In 2001, in an effort to promote Theater Education, she created *The Tepper Center for Careers in Theatre* which, through The Tepper Semester in New York provides opportunities for college seniors to develop specific strategies for pursuing their career goals in the entertainment industry. In 2005, she initiated a theater program for second and third graders at The Dalton School.

She serves on the Board of Governors for The Broadway League. She is an Emeritus member of the Syracuse University Board of Trustees, and a past Board member of The Dalton School. Tepper is also a member of the Juilliard Drama Council and has been listed in *Crain’s 40 under 40* and was one of *Cosmopolitan’s Fun Fearless Females*.

## Production credits

| Production Credits | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Productions | Role | Date of Productions |
| Dear Evan Hansen \[Musical, Original\] | Co-Producer | Dec 04, 2016 - Present |
| Les Liaisons Dangereuses \[Play, Revival\] | Lead Producer | Oct 30, 2016 - Jan 08, 2017 |
| An Act of God \[Play, Comedy, Original\] | Co-Producer | May 28, 2015 - Aug 02, 2015 |
| The Elephant Man \[Play, Drama, Revival\] | Co-Producer | Dec 07, 2014 - Feb 21, 2015 |
| The Cripple of Inishmaan \[Play, Original\] | Lead Producer | Apr 20, 2014 - Jul 20, 2014 |
| I'll Eat You Last: A Chat With Sue Mengers \[Play, Solo, Original\] | Co-Producer | Apr 24, 2013 - Jun 30, 2013 |
| Lucky Guy \[Play, Drama, Original\] | Co-Producer | Apr 01, 2013 - Jul 03, 2013 |
| Annie \[Musical, Comedy, Revival\] | Lead Producer | Nov 08, 2012 - Jan 05, 2014 |
| Red \[Play, Drama, Original\] | Lead Producer | Apr 01, 2010 - Jun 27, 2010 |
| Hamlet \[Play, Tragedy, Revival\] | Lead Producer | Oct 06, 2009 - Dec 06, 2009 |
| Mary Stuart \[Play, Drama, Revival\] | Lead Producer | Apr 19, 2009 - Aug 16, 2009 |
| Hair \[Musical, Revival\] | Co-Producer | Mar 31, 2009 - Jun 27, 2010 |
| 33 Variations \[Play, Drama, Play with music, Original\] | Co-Producer | Mar 09, 2009 - May 21, 2009 |
| Equus \[Play, Drama, Revival\] | Co-Producer | Sep 25, 2008 - Feb 08, 2009 |
| Frost/Nixon \[Play, Drama, Original\] | Lead Producer | Apr 22, 2007 - Aug 19, 2007 |
| The Pillowman \[Play, Drama, Original\] | Co-Producer | Apr 10, 2005 - Sep 18, 2005 |
| Spamalot \[Musical, Comedy, Original\] | Co-Producer | Mar 17, 2005 - Jan 11, 2009 |
| Democracy \[Play, Drama, Original\] | Co-Producer | Nov 18, 2004 - Apr 17, 2005 |
| A Raisin in the Sun \[Play, Drama, Revival\] | Co-Producer | Apr 26, 2004 - Jul 11, 2004 |
| Jumpers \[Play, Farce, Revival\] | Co-Producer | Apr 25, 2004 - Jul 11, 2004 |
| Dance of the Vampires \[Musical, Comedy, Original\] | Co-Producer | Dec 09, 2002 - Jan 25, 2003 |
| Hollywood Arms \[Play, Drama, Original\] | Co-Producer | Oct 31, 2002 - Jan 05, 2003 |
| A Class Act \[Musical, Original\] | Co-Producer | Mar 11, 2001 - Jun 10, 2001 |
| James Joyce's The Dead \[Musical, Drama, Original\] | Co-Producer | Jan 11, 2000 - Apr 16, 2000 |
| I'm Still Here...Damn It! \[Play, Solo, Stand-up, Comedy, Original\] | Co-Producer | Nov 05, 1998 - Jan 02, 1999 |
| Freak \[Play, Solo, Comedy, Original\] | Lead Producer | Feb 12, 1998 - Jul 04, 1998 |

## InfoBox

| Arielle Tepper | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | New York, NY |
| Occupation(s) | Entrepreneur, Broadway Producer |
| Children | 3 |
| Relatives | Philip J. Levin, Janice H. Levin, Susan L. Tepper |


title: Ebenezer Le Page

abstract: Ebenezer Le Page is the lead character in the novel The Book of Ebenezer Le Page by G. B. Edwards. The book takes the form of an autobiography of an archetypal Guernseyman who lives through the dramatic changes in the island of Guernsey, Channel Islands from the late 19th century, through to the 1960s. The book is written in Guernsey English

text:
# Ebenezer Le Page

**Ebenezer Le Page** is the lead character in the novel *The Book of Ebenezer Le Page* by G. B. Edwards. The book takes the form of an autobiography of an archetypal Guernseyman who lives through the dramatic changes in the island of Guernsey, Channel Islands from the late 19th century, through to the 1960s. The book is written in Guernsey English (with an occasional smattering of the Guernsey language)

## Fictional biography

Ebenezer was born in the late 19th century, and dies in the early 1960s. He lived his whole life in Vale. He never married, despite a few flings with local girls, and a tempestuous relationship with Liza Queripel of Pleinmont. He left the island only once, to travel to Jersey to watch the Muratti Vase, a football match. For most of his life he was a grower and fisherman, although he also served in the North regiment of the Royal Guernsey Militia (though not outside the island) and did some jobbing work for the States of Guernsey in the latter part of his life.

Guernsey is a microcosm of the world as Dublin is to James Joyce and Dorset is to Thomas Hardy. After a life fraught with difficulties and full of moving episodes, Ebenezer dies happy, bequeathing his pot of gold and autobiography (*The Book of Ebenezer Le Page*) to the young artist he befriends, after an incident in which the latter smashed his greenhouse.


title: Anne Murray: Full Circle

abstract: Anne Murray: Full Circle is a Canadian documentary film, directed by Adrian Buitenhuis and Morgan Elliott and released in 2021. The film is a portrait of Canadian singer Anne Murray, including both contemporary interview footage of Murray reflecting on her career and previously unseen archival footage. Other figures appearing in the film to discuss Murray and her career include Shania Twain, Kenny Loggins, Bonnie Raitt, k.d. lang, Jann Arden, Bruce Allen and Gordon Lightfoot. The film received an exclusive one-night theatrical screening at selected Cineplex theatres throughout Canada on December 2, in advance of its television broadcast on December 17 on CBC Television and CBC Gem.

text:
# Anne Murray: Full Circle

***Anne Murray: Full Circle*** is a Canadian documentary film, directed by Adrian Buitenhuis and Morgan Elliott and released in 2021. The film is a portrait of Canadian singer Anne Murray, including both contemporary interview footage of Murray reflecting on her career and previously unseen archival footage.

Other figures appearing in the film to discuss Murray and her career include Shania Twain, Kenny Loggins, Bonnie Raitt, k.d. lang, Jann Arden, Bruce Allen and Gordon Lightfoot.

The film received an exclusive one-night theatrical screening at selected Cineplex theatres throughout Canada on December 2, in advance of its television broadcast on December 17 on CBC Television and CBC Gem.

## InfoBox

| Anne Murray: Full Circle | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Adrian Buitenhuis
Morgan Elliott |
| Written by | Adrian Buitenhuis
Erin Cumming |
| Produced by | Adrian Buitenhuis
John Barbisan |
| Starring | Anne Murray |
| Cinematography | Shaun Lawless
Scot Proudfoot |
| Production
company | Network Entertainment |
| Distributed by | CBC Television |
| Release date | * December 2, 2021 (2021-12-02) |
| Running time | 92 minutes |
| Country | Canada |
| Language | English |


title: Alishan Sharafu

abstract: Alishan Sharafu is a cricketer who plays for the United Arab Emirates national cricket team. He was named in the United Arab Emirates squad for the 2020 Under-19 Cricket World Cup. In their plate semi-final match against Nigeria, Sharafu scored an unbeaten 59 runs and was named the man of the match. He made his Twenty20 International (T20I) debut on 23 February 2020, against Iran, in the 2020 ACC Western Region T20 tournament. In December 2020, Sharafu was one of ten cricketers to be awarded a year-long part-time contract by the Emirates Cricket Board. In January 2021, he was named in the UAE's One Day International (ODI) squad to play against Ireland. He made his ODI debut against Ireland, on 8 January 2021. However, the following day he tested positive for COVID-19, resulting in the next ODI match being rescheduled. In January 2022, Sharafu was named as the captain of the UAE team for the 2022 ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup in the West Indies.

text:
# Alishan Sharafu

**Alishan Sharafu** (born 10 January 2003) is a cricketer who plays for the United Arab Emirates national cricket team. He was named in the United Arab Emirates squad for the 2020 Under-19 Cricket World Cup. In their plate semi-final match against Nigeria, Sharafu scored an unbeaten 59 runs and was named the man of the match. He made his Twenty20 International (T20I) debut on 23 February 2020, against Iran, in the 2020 ACC Western Region T20 tournament.

In December 2020, Sharafu was one of ten cricketers to be awarded a year-long part-time contract by the Emirates Cricket Board. In January 2021, he was named in the UAE's One Day International (ODI) squad to play against Ireland. He made his ODI debut against Ireland, on 8 January 2021. However, the following day he tested positive for COVID-19, resulting in the next ODI match being rescheduled.

In January 2022, Sharafu was named as the captain of the UAE team for the 2022 ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup in the West Indies.

## InfoBox

Alishan Sharafu
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Alishan Sharafu |
| Born | (2003-01-10) 10 January 2003<br>Kerala |
| Batting | Right-handed |
| Bowling | Right-arm fast-medium |
| Role | Batting all-rounder |
| International information | |
| National side |  |
| ODI debut (cap 88) | 8 January 2021 v Ireland |
| Last ODI | 18 November 2022 v Nepal |
| T20I debut (cap 51) | 23 February 2020 v Iran |
| Last T20I | 3 November 2023 v Nepal |
|  | |
| Source: ESPNcricinfo, 19 February 2023 | |


title: 1973 Florida Gators football team

abstract: The 1973 Florida Gators football team represented the University of Florida during the 1973 NCAA Division I football season. The season was Doug Dickey's fourth as the Florida Gators football team's head coach. Dickey's 1973 Florida Gators finished with a 7–5 overall record and a 3–4 Southeastern Conference (SEC) record, tying for fifth among ten SEC teams. The Tangerine Bowl was temporarily moved from Orlando to Gainesville as the completion of the Citrus Bowl expansion was delayed. The fans were greeted by a record cold snap, with gametime temperatures at 25 degrees Fahrenheit; the cold weather benefited the visiting Miami Redskins, who won 16–7.

text:
# 1973 Florida Gators football team

1973 Southeastern Conference football standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | T |  |  | W |  | L |  | T |
| No. 4 Alabama $ | 8 |  | 0 |  | 0 |  |  | 11 |  | 1 |  | 0 |
| No. 13 LSU | 5 |  | 1 |  | 0 |  |  | 9 |  | 3 |  | 0 |
| Ole Miss | 4 |  | 3 |  | 0 |  |  | 6 |  | 5 |  | 0 |
| No. 19 Tennessee | 3 |  | 3 |  | 0 |  |  | 8 |  | 4 |  | 0 |
| Georgia | 3 |  | 4 |  | 0 |  |  | 7 |  | 4 |  | 1 |
| Florida | 3 |  | 4 |  | 0 |  |  | 7 |  | 5 |  | 0 |
| Kentucky | 3 |  | 4 |  | 0 |  |  | 5 |  | 6 |  | 0 |
| Auburn | 2 |  | 5 |  | 0 |  |  | 6 |  | 6 |  | 0 |
| Mississippi State | 2 |  | 5 |  | 0 |  |  | 4 |  | 5 |  | 2 |
| Vanderbilt | 1 |  | 5 |  | 0 |  |  | 5 |  | 6 |  | 0 |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| * $  Conference champion Rankings from AP Poll | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The **1973 Florida Gators football team** represented the University of Florida during the 1973 NCAA Division I football season. The season was Doug Dickey's fourth as the Florida Gators football team's head coach. Dickey's 1973 Florida Gators finished with a 7–5 overall record and a 3–4 Southeastern Conference (SEC) record, tying for fifth among ten SEC teams.

The Tangerine Bowl was temporarily moved from Orlando to Gainesville as the completion of the Citrus Bowl expansion was delayed. The fans were greeted by a record cold snap, with gametime temperatures at 25 degrees Fahrenheit (minus-4 degrees Celsius); the cold weather benefited the visiting Miami Redskins, who won 16–7.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Rank | Site | TV | Result | Attendance | Source |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| September 15 | 7:30 pm | Kansas State* | No. 14 |  |  | W 21–10 | 50,673 |  |
| September 22 |  | vs. Southern Miss* | No. 15 |  |  | W 14–13 | 38,377 |  |
| September 29 |  | at Mississippi State | No. 16 |  |  | L 12–33 | 35,000 |  |
| October 6 | 8:30 pm | at No. 10 LSU |  |  |  | L 3–24 | 66,974 |  |
| October 13 | 4:00 pm | No. 3 Alabama |  | * Florida Field * Gainesville, FL (rivalry) |  | L 14–35 | 64,864 |  |
| October 20 | 4:00 pm | Ole Miss |  | * Florida Field * Gainesville, FL |  | L 10–13 | 47,079 |  |
| November 3 | 1:30 pm | at No. 19 Auburn |  |  |  | W 12–8 | 63,429 |  |
| November 10 | 2:00 pm | vs. Georgia |  |  | ABC | W 11–10 | 70,266 |  |
| November 17 | 2:00 pm | Kentucky |  | * Florida Field * Gainesville, FL (rivalry) |  | W 20–18 | 55,328 |  |
| November 24 | 7:30 pm | at Miami (FL)* |  |  |  | W 14–7 | 39,071 |  |
| December 1 | 2:00 pm | Florida State* |  | * Florida Field * Gainesville, FL (rivalry) |  | W 49–0 | 62,233 |  |
| December 22 |  | vs. No. 15 Miami (OH)* |  |  | MTN | L 7–16 | 37,234 |  |
| * \*Non-conference game * Homecoming * Rankings from AP Poll released prior to the game * All times are in Eastern time | | | | | | | | |

## Roster

| 1973 Florida Gators football team roster | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Players | | | Coaches |
| **Offense**  Pos. # Name Class  `74` Kris Anderson Sr  FB  Vernon Barber Fr  Mike Berry Fr  WR `89` Hollis Boardman Sr  QB `5` David Bowden Jr  RB  Larry Brinson Fr  OL  Ken Brock Fr  WR  Charlie Brown Fr  OT  Herbert Cain Fr  OL  Gary Chotiner Fr  RB `17` Thom Clifford So  RB  Alvin Cowans Fr  TE `88` Alvis Darby So  RB  Henry Davis Fr  QB `12` Robbie Davis Jr  FB `35` Jim DuBose So  QB  Jimmy Fisher Fr  TE `81` Hank Foldberg Sr  Brian Fromang Fr  WR  Derrick Gaffney Fr  QB `8` Don Gaffney So  QB `10` Chan Gailey Sr  FB `37` Carey Geiger Sr  TE  Dan Grebe Fr  RB  Bill Hallal Fr  WR  Theo Hawkins Fr  QB  Cleaver Hayling Fr  OT  Ed Jacobsen Fr  RB `20` Vince Kendrick **(C)** Sr  OL  Steve Kieter Fr  `56` Jimmy Kynes Jr  `64` Burton Lawless Jr  `61` Gerald Loper So  FB  Vernon Masters Fr  WR `25` Lee McGriff Jr  RB `33` Nat Moore Sr  `51` Robbie Moore So  RB  Robert Morgan Fr  OL  Pete Morley Fr  OT `73` Bruce Mulliniks So  TE `83` Scott Nugent Jr  OT `70` Gary Padgett Sr  WR  Bill Parker Fr  WR `44` Joel Parker Sr  OT `76` Paul Parker Jr  TE  Joe Pupello Fr  RB `31` James Richards So  WR `22` Glenn Sever So  WR `40` Eddie Sirmons So  Jeff Sprague Fr  OT `77` Mike Stanfield Jr  `65` Jimmy Ray Stephens So  OT  Mark Totten Fr  RB  Keith Tribble Fr  RB `41` Andy Wade So  RB  Alan Williams Fr  `63` Mike Williams So  OT  Bill Wright Fr  QB  David Wright Fr  OT `79` Joe Wunderly Jr | **Defense**  Pos. # Name Class  DE `92` Joe Abbott So  DE  Robert Adkins Fr  CB `29` Robby Ball So  LB  Bradd Barker Fr  LB `59` Rick Boedy Jr  DE `50` Ricky Browne Sr  CB `38` Alvin Butler Jr  LB `43` Glenn Cameron Jr  DL  Darrell Carpenter Fr  DE  Bill Conan Fr  LB  Jim D'Onofrio Fr  DB  Don Dickey Fr  LB `54` Ward Eastman So  DB `24` Wayne Fields So  LB `57` Johnny Foreman Jr  LB `99` Sammy Green So  DT `78` Clint Griffith Jr  DT `66` David Hitchcock **(C)** Sr  DE  Calvin Jones Fr  DE `90` Preston Kendrick Jr  DT `60` John Lacer Sr  CB `47` Roy Mallory Jr  LB  Mark Maynor Fr  DE `84` Chris McCoun Sr  DE `85` Mike Moore Sr  DT `72` George Nicholas So  LB `55` Ralph Ortega Jr  `30` Jim Revels Sr  CB `21` Tyson Sever Jr  DE `95` Mike Smith So  DT `75` David Starkey So  DL  George Sullivan Fr  DB `32` Andy Summers Jr  `28` Randy Talbot Jr  LB  Jack Zukley Fr | **Special teams**  Pos. # Name Class  `6` Elwood Aust Sr  `13` Tom Dolfi So  `9` Buster Morrison Jr  David Posey Fr  `18` John Williams So | Head coach Coordinators/assistant coaches* Don Breaux
Wide receivers * Don Brown
Offensive line/tight ends * Bill Carr
Scout * Jimmy Dunn
Offensive coordinator/quarterbacks/running backs * Dave Fuller
Scout team * Jack Hall
Freshman * Ken Hatfield
Defensive backs * Kim Helton
Offensive line * Doug Knotts
Defensive coordinator/linebackers * Jack Thompson
Defensive line * Allen Trammell
Recruiting  ---  Legend* **(C)** Team captain * **(S)** Suspended * **(I)** Ineligible * Injured * Redshirt  ---  Roster
Last update: 2018-Dec-23 |

## Game summaries

### Kansas State

### Southern Miss

### Mississippi State

### LSU

### Alabama

### Ole Miss

### Auburn

**Florida Gators (2-4) at #19 Auburn Tigers (4-2)**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Florida | 0 | 6 | 6 | 0 | **12** |
| Auburn | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | **8** |

*at Jordan–Hare Stadium, Auburn, AL*

* **Date**: November 3
* **Game attendance**: 63,429
*

| Game information |
| --- |
| Florida |

Don Gaffney made the start, becoming the first black quarterback in school history, and Florida won at Jordan–Hare Stadium for the first time.

### Vs. Georgia

**Florida Gators (3-4) vs. Georgia Bulldogs (4-3-1)**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Georgia | 0 | 7 | 0 | 3 | **10** |
| **Florida** | 3 | 0 | 0 | 8 | **11** |

*at Gator Bowl, Jacksonville, Florida*

* **Date**: November 10
* **Game time**: 2:00 p.m. EST
* **Game attendance**: 70,266
* **TV**: ABC
*

| Game information |
| --- |
|  |

### Kentucky

### At Miami (FL)

**Florida Gators at Miami (FL) Hurricanes**

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Florida** | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | **14** |
| Miami (FL) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | **7** |

*at Orange Bowl, Miami, Florida*

* **Date**: November 24
* **Game attendance**: 39,071
* First quarter
    + FLA – Vince Kendrick 14-yard run (David Posey kick). *Florida 7–0. **Drive: 7 plays.***Second quarter
    + FLA – Joel Parker 7-yard pass from Don Gaffney (kick good). *Florida 14–0. **Drive: 4 plays, 17 yards.***Third quarter
    + *No scoring*Fourth quarter
    + MIA – Phil August 40-yard pass from Ed Carney (Brian Selmer kick). *Florida 14–7.*

Florida's defense held the Hurricanes out of the end zone from the five-yard line with 33 seconds left in the game.

### Florida State

### Tangerine Bowl

## Awards and honors

Ricky Browne

* 1st Team All-SEC (AP)

David Hitchock

* 2nd Team All-SEC (AP)

Burton Lawless

* 2nd Team All-SEC (AP)

Lee McGriff

* 2nd Team All-SEC (AP)

Ralph Ortega

* 1st Team All-SEC (AP, UPI)

Jim Revels

* 1st Team All-SEC (AP)

Jimmy Ray Stephens

* 2nd Team All-SEC (AP)

## InfoBox

| 1973 Florida Gators football | |
| --- | --- |
| Tangerine Bowl, L 7–16 vs. Miami (OH) | |
| Conference | Southeastern Conference |
| Ranking | |
| Coaches | No. 19 |
| Record | 7–5 (3–4 SEC) |
| Head coach |  |
| Offensive coordinator | Jimmy Dunn (4th season) |
| Defensive coordinator | Doug Knotts (4th season) |
| Captain | David Hitchcock
Vince Kendrick |
| Home stadium | Florida Field |
|


title: 1971 in Greece

abstract: The following lists events that happened during 1971 in Greece.

text:
# 1971 in Greece

The following lists events that happened during **1971 in Greece**.

## Incumbents

## Births

## Events

### December

### Date unknown

1. "Greece".
2. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-07-17. Retrieved 2008-11-01.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

Media related to 1971 in Greece at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Decades: |  |
| See also: | Other events of 1971<br>List of years in Greece |


abstract: The 1991–92 Alabama Crimson Tide men's basketball team represented the University of Alabama in the 1991–92 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team's head coach was Wimp Sanderson, who was in his 12th season at Alabama. The team played their home games at Coleman Coliseum in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. They finished the season with a record of 26–9. The team's conference record was 10–6, which was good enough for third place in the SEC Western Division, third behind new SEC member Arkansas and LSU. This was the first season of divisional play in the SEC, due to the addition of new teams Arkansas and South Carolina. Forward Melvin Cheatum and guard Gary Waites both graduated, and the Tide's freshman signees were center Cedric Moore, forwards Jason Caffey and Andre Perry, and guards Dennis Miller and Elliot Washington. These players joined a solid core of Robert Horry, Latrell Sprewell, and James "Hollywood" Robinson. This was coach Wimp Sanderson's final season as coach of the Crimson Tide. Sanderson resigned amid sexual assault allegations from his former secretary. The Tide advanced all the way to the 1992 SEC men's basketball tournament final, their fourth straight, but lost in the final to Kentucky. The Tide received an at-large bid to the 1992 NCAA tournament and defeated Stanford in the first round, but lost to North Carolina in the second round.

text:
# 1991–92 Alabama Crimson Tide men's basketball team

1991–92 Southeastern Conference men's basketball standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | PCT |  |  | W |  | L |  | PCT |
| East | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| No. 6 Kentucky | 12 |  | 4 |  | .750 |  |  | 29 |  | 7 |  | .806 |
| Florida | 9 |  | 7 |  | .563 |  |  | 19 |  | 14 |  | .576 |
| Tennessee | 8 |  | 8 |  | .500 |  |  | 19 |  | 15 |  | .559 |
| Georgia | 7 |  | 9 |  | .438 |  |  | 15 |  | 14 |  | .517 |
| Vanderbilt | 6 |  | 10 |  | .375 |  |  | 15 |  | 15 |  | .500 |
| South Carolina | 3 |  | 13 |  | .188 |  |  | 11 |  | 17 |  | .393 |
| West | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| No. 9 Arkansas | 13 |  | 3 |  | .813 |  |  | 26 |  | 8 |  | .765 |
| No. 25 LSU | 12 |  | 4 |  | .750 |  |  | 21 |  | 10 |  | .677 |
| No. 13 Alabama | 10 |  | 6 |  | .625 |  |  | 26 |  | 9 |  | .743 |
| Mississippi State | 7 |  | 9 |  | .438 |  |  | 15 |  | 13 |  | .536 |
| Auburn | 5 |  | 11 |  | .313 |  |  | 12 |  | 15 |  | .444 |
| Ole Miss | 4 |  | 12 |  | .250 |  |  | 11 |  | 17 |  | .393 |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 1992 SEC tournament winner<br>Rankings from AP Poll | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The **1991–92 Alabama Crimson Tide men's basketball team** represented the University of Alabama in the 1991–92 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team's head coach was Wimp Sanderson, who was in his 12th season at Alabama. The team played their home games at Coleman Coliseum in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. They finished the season with a record of 26–9. The team's conference record was 10–6, which was good enough for third place in the SEC Western Division, third behind new SEC member Arkansas and LSU. This was the first season of divisional play in the SEC, due to the addition of new teams Arkansas and South Carolina.

Forward Melvin Cheatum and guard Gary Waites both graduated, and the Tide's freshman signees were center Cedric Moore, forwards Jason Caffey and Andre Perry, and guards Dennis Miller and Elliot Washington. These players joined a solid core of Robert Horry, Latrell Sprewell, and James "Hollywood" Robinson.

This was coach Wimp Sanderson's final season as coach of the Crimson Tide. Sanderson resigned amid sexual assault allegations from his former secretary.

The Tide advanced all the way to the 1992 SEC men's basketball tournament final, their fourth straight, but lost in the final to Kentucky. The Tide received an at-large bid to the 1992 NCAA tournament and defeated Stanford in the first round, but lost to North Carolina in the second round.

## Roster

| 1991–92 Alabama Crimson Tide men's basketball team | |
| --- | --- |
| Players | Coaches |
| Pos. # Name Height Weight Year Previous school Hometown  4 Kenneth Rice 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m)  Jr Austin High Decatur, Alabama  12 Elliot Washington 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m)  Fr Southeast High School Bradenton, Florida  13 Philip Pearson 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)  So Jeff Davis High School Montgomery, Alabama  20 Jeff Lovell 5 ft 11 in (1.8 m)  Jr   21 Andre Perry 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m)  Fr   23 Darby Rich 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)  Sr   24 Dennis Miller 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)  Fr   25 Robert Horry 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m)  Sr Andalusia (AL) High School Harford County, Maryland  31 James Robinson 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)  So Murrah High School Jackson, Mississippi  35 Jason Caffey 6 ft 8 in (2.03 m)  Fr Davidson High School Mobile, Alabama  42 Latrell Sprewell 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)  Sr Three Rivers CC, Missouri Milwaukee, Wisconsin  51 Cedric Moore 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m)  Fr Woodlawn High School Birmingham, Alabama | Head coach Assistant coach(es)   ---  Legend* **(C)** Team captain * **(S)** Suspended * **(I)** Ineligible * **(W)** Walk-on |

## InfoBox

| 1991–92 Alabama Crimson Tide men's basketball | |
| --- | --- |
| NCAA tournament, Second round | |
| Conference | Southeastern Conference |
| Ranking | |
| Coaches | No. 12 |
| AP | No. 13 |
| Record | 26–9 (10–6, 3rd in Southeastern Conference Western Division SEC) |
| Head coach |  |
| Home arena | Coleman Coliseum |
|


title: Effie Raitt

abstract: Effie Isobel Raitt was an American dietitian and college professor. She was head of the University of Washington's School of Home Economics for more than thirty years, from 1912 to 1945. Raitt Hall on the university's central Quad is named in her honor. She was a national leader of both the American Home Economics Association and the American Dietetic Association.

text:
# Effie Raitt

**Effie Isobel Raitt** (June 13, 1878 – December 4, 1945) was an American dietitian and college professor. She was head of the University of Washington's School of Home Economics for more than thirty years, from 1912 to 1945. Raitt Hall on the university's central Quad is named in her honor. She was a national leader of both the American Home Economics Association and the American Dietetic Association.

## Early life and education

Effie Raitt was born in Patterson, Iowa, the daughter of George Patterson Raitt and Janet (or Jeanette) McFadden Raitt. All of her grandparents were born in Scotland; her father was a Presbyterian minister. She trained as a dietitian at Columbia University and Northwestern University.

## Career

Raitt was a professor and dean of home economics at the University of Washington from 1912 to 1945. She also taught summer courses at the University of California. She was president of the American Home Economics Association from 1934 to 1936, and vice-president of the American Dietetic Association in 1924. In 1929, she spoke at the annual meeting of the Western Hospital Association, in Los Angeles, on the education of dietitians. She was one of the experts who attended the White House Conference on Home Building and Home Ownership in 1931. She served on the board of the Seattle Visiting Nurse Service in the 1930s. She attended the 4th Pan-Pacific Women's Conference in Vancouver in 1937.

During World War I, Raitt was featured as an expert in promotional materials published by dairy industries in Canada and the Pacific Northwest. During World War II she joined other home economists in supporting a newspaper columnist's campaign of "nutrition for national defense".

## Publications

* "A Survey of the Status of the Hospital Dietitian" (1923)
* "The Institutional Manager" (1927)
* "Home Economics in the State of Washington" (1929)
* "The Nature and Function of Home Economics" (1935)
* "What Can Business Do to Remove Consumer Suspicion?" (1936)

## Personal life

Raitt lived with her sister Elsie in Seattle for much of her adult life. She died in 1945, at the age of 67. The University of Washington renamed the home economics department's building "Raitt Hall" in 1946; a fellowship award was also named in her memory.

## InfoBox

| Effie Raitt | |
| --- | --- |
| Effie Raitt, from a 1923 publication | |
| Born | Effie Isobel Raitt
June 13, 1878
Patterson, Iowa |
| Died | December 4, 1945
Seattle, Washington |
| Occupation(s) | Home economist, dietitian, college professor |


title: 2006 AF2 season

abstract: The 2006 AF2 season was the seventh season of the AF2, the Arena Football League's minor league. It was preceded by 2005 and succeeded by 2007. The league champions were the Spokane Shock who capped off an impressive inaugural season with a win over the Green Bay Blizzard in ArenaCup VII.

text:
# 2006 AF2 season

The **2006 AF2 season** was the seventh season of the AF2, the Arena Football League's minor league. It was preceded by 2005 and succeeded by 2007. The league champions were the Spokane Shock who capped off an impressive inaugural season with a win over the Green Bay Blizzard in ArenaCup VII.

## League info

| New teams | Everett Hawks, Spokane Shock, Stockton Lightning, Tennessee Valley Vipers |
| --- | --- |
| Renamed / Relocated teams | None |
| Defunct teams | San Diego Riptide |
| Total teams | 23 |

## Standings

| Team | Overall | | | Division | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Wins | Losses | Percentage | Wins | Losses | Percentage |
| **American Conference** | | | | | | |
| **Eastern Division** | | | | | | |
| Green Bay Blizzard | 10 | 6 | 0.625 | 6 | 4 | 0.600 |
| Manchester Wolves | 9 | 7 | 0.562 | 7 | 5 | 0.583 |
| Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Pioneers | 9 | 7 | 0.562 | 7 | 5 | 0.583 |
| Louisville Fire | 9 | 7 | 0.562 | 5 | 5 | 0.500 |
| Quad City Steamwheelers | 7 | 9 | 0.437 | 4 | 6 | 0.400 |
| Albany Conquest | 5 | 11 | 0.312 | 4 | 8 | 0.333 |
| **Southern Division** | | | | | | |
| Florida Firecats | 13 | 3 | 0.812 | 9 | 1 | 0.900 |
| Memphis Xplorers | 11 | 5 | 0.687 | 6 | 4 | 0.600 |
| Macon Knights | 8 | 8 | 0.500 | 6 | 4 | 0.600 |
| Birmingham Steeldogs | 7 | 9 | 0.437 | 4 | 6 | 0.400 |
| Tennessee Valley Vipers | 3 | 13 | 0.187 | 3 | 7 | 0.300 |
| South Georgia Wildcats | 3 | 13 | 0.187 | 2 | 8 | 0.200 |
| **National Conference** | | | | | | |
| **Midwest Division** | | | | | | |
| Tulsa Talons | 11 | 5 | 0.687 | 7 | 4 | 0.634 |
| Oklahoma City Yard Dawgz | 11 | 5 | 0.687 | 7 | 4 | 0.634 |
| Arkansas Twisters | 10 | 6 | 0.625 | 6 | 4 | 0.600 |
| Rio Grande Valley Dorados | 7 | 9 | 0.437 | 5 | 5 | 0.500 |
| Amarillo Dusters | 4 | 12 | 0.250 | 4 | 6 | 0.400 |
| Bossier-Shreveport Battle Wings | 3 | 13 | 0.187 | 2 | 8 | 0.200 |
| **Western Division** | | | | | | |
| Spokane Shock | 14 | 2 | 0.875 | 8 | 1 | 0.889 |
| Central Valley Coyotes | 12 | 4 | 0.750 | 8 | 3 | 0.728 |
| Bakersfield Blitz | 9 | 7 | 0.562 | 6 | 5 | 0.545 |
| Stockton Lightning | 5 | 11 | 0.312 | 2 | 9 | 0.189 |
| Everett Hawks | 4 | 12 | 0.250 | 3 | 9 | 0.250 |

* *Green indicates clinched playoff berth*
* *Purple indicates division champion*
* *Grey indicates best regular season record*

## Playoffs

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Southaven, Mississippi | | |  |  | Ashwaubenon, Wisconsin | | |  |  |  | | |  |  |  | | |
|  | 6 | Louisville | 61 | | | || | | | | |
|  | | | | | | 3 | Memphis | 50 | | | || | |
|  | | | | 3 | Memphis | 83 |  |  | | | Estero, Florida | | | | | |
|  | | | | | | | 2 | Green Bay | 67 | |  || | |
|  | | | | | | |  | | | || | |
|  | | **American Conference** | | | | | || | | |
|  | | Manchester, New Hampshire | | | | | 2 | Green Bay | 60 | || | |
|  | | Estero, Florida | | | | | || | | |
|  | |  | 1 | | | Florida | 47 |  || |
|  | | | | | || |
|  | | 5 | Wilkes-Barre/Scranton | | | 47 | **American Conference Championship** | | || |
|  | | | | | | 4 | Manchester | 39 || |
|  | | | | | | 4 | Manchester | 55 |  |  | San Juan, PR | | ||
|  | | | | | | | 1 | Florida | 40 |  ||
|  | | | | | | | **Round 1** | | |  | | ||
|  | | **Conference Semifinals** | | | | | ||
|  | | Oklahoma City | | | | | A2 | Green Bay | 34 ||
|  | | Tulsa, Oklahoma | | | | | ||
|  | |  | N1 | | | Spokane | 57 |
|  | | | | | |
|  | | 5 | Arkansas | | | 47 | **ArenaCup VII** | | |
|  | | | | | | 5 | Arkansas | 53 |
|  | | | | | | 4 | Oklahoma City | 43 |  |  | Spokane, Washington | | |
|  | | | | | | | 2 | Tulsa | 51 |  |
|  | | | | | | |  | | |
|  | | **National Conference** | | | | | |
|  | | Fresno, California | | | | | 5 | Arkansas | 30 |
|  | | Spokane, Washington | | | | | |
|  | |  | 1 | | | Spokane | 48 |  |
|  | | | | | |
|  | | 6 | Bakersfield | | | 45 | **National Conference Championship** | | |
|  | | | | | | 6 | Bakersfield | 47 |
|  | | | | | | 3 | Central Valley | 37 |  |  |  | |
|  | | | | | | | 1 | Spokane | 50 |  |
|  | | | | | | |  | | |

## ArenaCup VII

ArenaCup VII
|
|  |
|
| Date | August 26, 2006 |
| Arena | Coliseo de Puerto Rico José Miguel Agrelot, San Juan, Puerto Rico |
| MVP | Kyle Rowley, QB-Spokane (Offensive)
Neil Purvis, OL/DL-Spokane (Defensive)
Kevin Beard, WR/DB-Spokane (Ironman) |
| Attendance | 5,658 |

ArenaCup VII was the 2006 edition of the AF2's championship game, pairing the Green Bay Blizzard of the American Conference with the Spokane Shock of the National Conference. The Shock rode the arm of Offensive Player of the Game Kyle Rowley and a stout defense to a decisive victory over the Blizzard 57–34. The win by the Shock capped a wildly successful inaugural season that saw them go 14–2 in the regular season and become the first-ever AF2 expansion team to advance to and win the ArenaCup in their first year of existence.

### Scoring Summary

| Scoring summary |
| --- |
| Quarter Time Drive Team Scoring information Score  Plays Yards TOP Spokane Shock Green Bay Blizard  1 11:00 6 45 4:00 Spokane Shock Charles Frederick 16-yard touchdown reception from Kyle Rowley, Jon Koker kick Good 7 0  1 8:10 4 38 2:50 Green Bay Blizzard Luke Leverson 2-yard touchdown run, Dallas Pelz kick Good 7 7  2 14:55 10 44 8:15 Spokane Shock Moa Peaua 1-yard touchdown run, Jon Koker kick Good 14 7  2 5:58 6 49 4:26 Spokane Shock Antwone Savage 9-yard touchdown reception from Kyle Rowley, Jon Koker kick Good 21 7  2 3:24 3 45 2:34 Green Bay Blizzard Dontrell Jackson 14-yard touchdown reception from James MacPherson, Dallas Pelz kick Good 21 14  2 1:32 2 27 1:52 Spokane Shock Kevin Beard 20-yard touchdown reception from Kyle Rowley, Jon Koker kick Good 28 14  2 0:19 3 37 1:13 Spokane Shock Antwone Savage 10-yard touchdown reception from Kyle Rowley, Jon Koker kick Failed 34 14  2 0:12    Spokane Shock Fumble recovery in the End Zone by Neil Purvis, Jon Koker Kick Good 41 14  3 13:49 2 44 1:11 Green Bay Blizzard Gerald Harris 31-yard touchdown reception from James MacPherson, 2-point James MacPherson pass failed 41 20  3 8:35 6 44 5:14 Green Bay Blizzard Peter Lazare 2-yard touchdown run, 2-point Brent Holmes Pass from James MacPherson Successful 41 28  3 5:00 4 8 3:35 Spokane Shock Kevin Beard 1-yard touchdown reception from Kyle Rowley, Jon Koker kick Failed 47 28  4 11:08 7 45 4:37 Spokane Shock Chauncey Ako 8-yard touchdown reception from Kyle Rowley, Jon Koker kick Good 54 28  4 8:10 4 29 2:58 Green Bay Blizzard Asa Francis 6-yard touchdown run, 2-point Luke Leverson rush Failed 54 34  4 5:32 4 2 2:38 Spokane Shock 23-yard field goal by Jon Koker 57 34  "TOP" = time of possession. For other American football terms, see Glossary of American football. Spokane Shock Green Bay Blizzard |

### Game stats/notes

* Rowley completed 29-of-36 passes for 264 yards and six touchdowns, all of which were game-highs.
* Shock DS Rob Keefe was awarded the Cutters Catch of the Game as a result of his one-handed interception off a James MacPherson pass attempt deep in Spokane territory.
* Shock WR/DB Kevin Beard set game-highs in receiving with 13 receptions for 122 yards and two touchdowns.
* Shock head coach Chris Siegfried earned his 57th win as an AF2 head coach with the ArenaCup victory, the most in league history at the time. His record was eventually tied in week 17 of the 2007 season, and broken in the first round of the 2007 playoffs by Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Pioneers coach Rich Ingold.
* The Shock capped off their inaugural season with a 17-2 overall record.
* Green Bay finished the 2006 season with a 12-7 overall record and the team's first-ever American Conference Championship.

## InfoBox

| 2006 AF2 season | |
| --- | --- |
| League | AF2 |
| Sport | Arena football |
| Regular season | |
| Season champions | Spokane Shock |
| Playoffs | |
| American champions | Green Bay Blizzard |
| American runners-up | Florida Firecats |
| National champions | Spokane Shock |
| National runners-up | Arkansas Twisters |
| ArenaCup VII | |
| Champions | Spokane Shock |
| Runners-up | Green Bay Blizzard |
| Finals MVP | Kyle Rowley (QB, SPO) |


title: 2006 AFC Challenge Cup

abstract: The 2006 AFC Challenge Cup was held between 1 and 16 April 2006 in Bangladesh. Sixteen teams were split into four groups, the top two in each group qualifying for the quarterfinals, and from then on a straight knockout contest. There was no qualification stage. The cup winner was Tajikistan. The fair play award was won by Sri Lanka and Tajik Ibrahim Rabimov won the most valuable player award.

text:
# 2006 AFC Challenge Cup

The **2006 AFC Challenge Cup** was held between 1 and 16 April 2006 in Bangladesh. Sixteen teams were split into four groups, the top two in each group qualifying for the quarterfinals, and from then on a straight knockout contest. There was no qualification stage. The cup winner was Tajikistan. The fair play award was won by Sri Lanka and Tajik Ibrahim Rabimov won the most valuable player award.

## Selection of teams

The AFC classed seventeen nations as *emerging associations*, which need time to develop their football. They were selected in August 2005 to take part. Laos, Mongolia, and Timor-Leste were initially selected to participate, but were later replaced by Bangladesh and India of the *developing associations* class, reducing the number of participating teams to sixteen.

## Hosts and stadia

The AFC decided at its annual meeting, that Bangladesh would host the opening ceremony and that Nepal would host the final unless Bangladesh makes it into the last two, in which case it would be held in Dhaka, its capital. It was originally planned that the teams in Groups A and B would play their games in Nepal and that teams in Groups C and D would play in Bangladesh, but due to the political unrest that shook Nepal, it was decided that only Bangladesh would host the tournament. The Challenge Cup was originally scheduled to take place between 26 March to 9 April 2006 but was changed to avoid clashes with Bangladesh's Independence Day on 26 March. The two stadia that were selected to be used during this tournament were: the Bangabandhu Stadium in Dhaka and the MA Aziz Stadium in Chittagong. However, the Bangladesh Army Stadium in Dhaka was later used to make-up the matches that were abandoned due to heavy rain.

## Venues

| Dhaka | | Chittagong |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Bangabandhu National Stadium | Bangladesh Army Stadium | M. A. Aziz Stadium |
| Capacity: **36,000** | Capacity: **20,000** | Capacity: **40,000** |
|  |  |  |
| **Dhaka****Chittagong** | | |

## Teams

Some teams did not take part with their 'main' national squad, as noted below:

## Squads

## Group stage

All times are Bangladesh Standard Time (BST) – UTC+6

| Key to colours in group tables |
| --- |
| Top two placed teams advance to the quarter-finals |

### Tie-breaking criteria

Where two or more teams end the group stage with the same number of points, their ranking is determined by the following criteria:

1. points earned in the matches between the teams concerned;
2. goal difference in the matches between the teams concerned;
3. number of goals scored in the group matches between the teams concerned;
4. goal difference in all group matches;
5. number of goals scored in all group matches;
6. kicks from the penalty mark (if only two teams are level and they are both on the field of play);
7. fewer yellow and red cards received in the group matches;
8. drawing of lots by the organising committee.

### Group A

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| India U20 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 1 | +2 | 5 |
| Chinese Taipei | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 2 | +1 | 5 |
| Philippines | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| Afghanistan | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 2 |

Source: RSSSF

| India U20 | 2–0 | Afghanistan |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Vimal  35', 60' | Report |  |

MA Aziz Stadium, ChittagongAttendance: 2,500Referee: Mahmood Al-Ghatrifi (Oman)

| Chinese Taipei | 1–0 | Philippines |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Chuang Wei-lun  20' | Report |  |

MA Aziz Stadium, ChittagongAttendance: 4,000Referee: Lee Gi-Young (Korea Republic)

---

| Philippines | 1–1 | India U20 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Valeroso  19' | Report | Vimal  8' |

MA Aziz Stadium, ChittagongAttendance: 2,000Referee: Salem Mujghef (Jordan)

| Afghanistan | 2–2 | Chinese Taipei |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Qadami  20', 23' | Report | Chuang Wei-lun  48'
Liang Chien-wei  73' |

MA Aziz Stadium, ChittagongAttendance: 2,500Referee: Lee Gi-Young (Korea Republic)

---

| India U20 | 0–0 | Chinese Taipei |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

MA Aziz Stadium, ChittagongAttendance: 2,000Referee: Ram Krishna Gosh (Bangladesh)

| Philippines | 1–1 | Afghanistan |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Valeroso  59' | Report | Maqsood  28' |

MA Aziz Stadium, ChittagongAttendance: 3,000Referee: Salem Mujghef (Jordan)

### Group B

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Sri Lanka | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | +2 | 7 |
| Nepal | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 | +1 | 4 |
| Brunei | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 |
| Bhutan | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 1 |

Source: RSSSF

| Sri Lanka | 1–0 | Brunei |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Kasun  74' | Report |  |

MA Aziz Stadium, ChittagongAttendance: 2,000Referee: Rustam Saidov (Uzbekistan)

| Nepal | 2–0 | Bhutan |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Pradeep  52', 68' | Report |  |

MA Aziz Stadium, ChittagongAttendance: 3,500Referee: Ram Krishna Gosh (Bangladesh)

---

| Bhutan | 0–1 | Sri Lanka |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report | Karu  45' |

MA Aziz Stadium, ChittagongAttendance: 0Referee: Rustam Saidov (Uzbekistan)

| Brunei | 2–1 | Nepal |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Adie  11'
Riwandi  42' | Report | Tashi  60' |

MA Aziz Stadium, ChittagongAttendance: 2,500Referee: Mahmood Al-Ghatrifi (Oman)

---

| Sri Lanka | 1–1 | Nepal |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Izzadeen  19' | Report | Pradeep  75' (pen.) |

MA Aziz Stadium, ChittagongAttendance: 2,500Referee: Lee Gi-Young (Korea Republic)

| Bhutan | 0–0 | Brunei |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

MA Aziz Stadium, ChittagongAttendance: 2,000Referee: Mahmood Al-Ghatrifi (Oman)

### Group C

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Palestine | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 16 | 1 | +15 | 7 |
| Bangladesh | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 2 | +4 | 7 |
| Cambodia | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 2 | 3 |
| Guam | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 17 | 17 | 0 |

Source:

| Palestine | 11–0 | Guam |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Keshkesh  6'
Attal  14', 20', 25', 32', 45+1', 86'
Atura  22'
Al Amour  39'
Al-Kord  59', 67' | Report |  |

Bangabandhu Stadium, DhakaAttendance: 3,000Referee: Ala Abdul Kadir Nema (Iraq)

| Bangladesh | 2–1 | Cambodia |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Alfaz  31'
Ameli  64' | Report | C. Rithy  68' |

Bangabandhu Stadium, DhakaAttendance: 35,000Referee: Tan Hai (China PR)

---

| Cambodia | 0–4 | Palestine |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report | Keshkesh  10'
Al-Sweirki  12', 75'
Attal  30' |

Bangabandhu Stadium, DhakaAttendance: 2,500Referee: Ala Abdul Kadir Nema (Iraq)

| Guam | 0–3 | Bangladesh |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report | Ameli  49'
Abul  83', 85' |

Bangabandhu Stadium, DhakaAttendance: 18,000Referee: Win Cho (Myanmar)

---

| Palestine | 1–1 | Bangladesh |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Attal  30' | Report | Tapu  55' |

Bangabandhu Stadium, DhakaAttendance: 22,000Referee: Hedayat Mombini (Iran)

| Cambodia | 3–0 | Guam |
| --- | --- | --- |
| S. Buntheang  37'
Kosal  40'
K. Kumpheak  63' | Report |  |

Bangladesh Army Stadium, DhakaAttendance: 500Referee: Win Cho (Myanmar)

### Group D

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Tajikistan | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 1 | +5 | 6 |
| Kyrgyzstan | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | +2 | 6 |
| Pakistan | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 4 |
| Macau | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 8 | 6 | 1 |

Source:

| Tajikistan | 4–0 | Macau |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Mahmudov  9'
Rabiev  13'
Rabimov  56'
Khojaev  77' | Report |  |

Bangabandhu Stadium, DhakaAttendance: 2,000Referee: Hedayat Mombini (Iran)

| Kyrgyzstan | 0–1 | Pakistan |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report | Essa  59' |

Bangabandhu Stadium, DhakaAttendance: 2,500Referee: Tayeb Shamsuzzaman (Bangladesh)

---

| Pakistan | 0–2 | Tajikistan |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report | Hakimov  14'
Irgashev  20' |

Bangabandhu Stadium, DhakaAttendance: 5,000Referee: Tan Hai (China PR)

---

| Tajikistan | 0–1 | Kyrgyzstan |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report | Krasnov  22' |

Bangabandhu Stadium, DhakaAttendance: 2,000Referee: Ala Abdul Kadir Nema (Iraq)

| Pakistan | 2–2 | Macau |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Adeel  12'
Essa  43' | Report | Chan Kin Seng  16', 52' |

Bangabandhu Stadium, DhakaAttendance: 1,000Referee: Tayeb Shamsuzzaman (Bangladesh)

---

| Macau | 0–2 | Kyrgyzstan |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report | Ablakimov  35'
Ishenbaev  58' |

Bangabandhu Stadium, DhakaAttendance: 1,000Referee: Tan Hai (China PR)

## Knockout stage

### Quarter-finals

| Sri Lanka | 3–0 | Chinese Taipei |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Izzadeen  44'
Sanjaya  70'
Ratnayaka  90' | Report |  |

MA Aziz Stadium, ChittagongAttendance: 2,500Referee: Mahmood Al-Ghatrifi (Oman)

---

| India U20 | 0–3 | Nepal |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report | Pradeep  16', 26'
Basanta  28' |

MA Aziz Stadium, ChittagongAttendance: 3,000Referee: Ram Krishna Gosh (Bangladesh)

---

| Palestine | 0–1 | Kyrgyzstan |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report | Djamshidov  90+1' |

Bangabandhu Stadium, DhakaAttendance: 150Referee: Win Cho (Myanmar)

---

| Tajikistan | 6–1 | Bangladesh |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Rabimov  2'
Mahmudov  20'
Mukhidinov  31'
Hakimov  51'
Rabiev  65'
Nematov  81' | Report | Alfaz  17' |

Bangabandhu Stadium, DhakaAttendance: 15,000Referee: Ala Abdul Kadir Nema (Iraq)

### Semi-finals

| Sri Lanka | 1–1 | Nepal |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Kasun  65' | Report | Basanta  82' |
| Penalties | | |
| Fuard
Chathura
Gunaratne
Channa
Ratnayaka | 5  3 | Anjan
Tashi
Nabin
Pradeep |

MA Aziz Stadium, ChittagongAttendance: 2,500Referee: Lee Gi-Young (Korea Republic)

---

| Kyrgyzstan | 0–2 | Tajikistan |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report | Rabiev  51', 90+2' |

Bangabandhu Stadium, DhakaAttendance: 2,000Referee: Tan Hai (China PR)

### Final

| Sri Lanka | 0–4 | Tajikistan |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report | Mukhidinov  1', 61', 71'
Mahmudov  45' |

Bangabandhu Stadium, DhakaAttendance: 2,000Referee: Hedayat Mombini (Iran)

## Winner

| 2006 AFC Challenge Cup champions |
| --- |
| **
Tajikistan
First title** |

## Awards

| Fair Play Award | | | Golden Shoe | | | Most Valuable Player | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Sri Lanka | | | Fahed Attal | | | Ibrahim Rabimov | | |

## Goalscorers

1. "Victory a boost for Tajikistan football: Nazarov". *The-AFC.com*. Asian Football Confederation. Archived from the original on 12 September 2012. Retrieved 21 October 2009.
2. "Big Soccer Forum Thread on AFC Challenge Cup 2006".
3. "Opening ceremony of AFC Challenge Cup to be held in Bangladesh". *Xinhua News Agency*. Retrieved 30 November 2005.
4. "AFC Challenge Cup opening ceremony in Bangladesh". *The-AFC.com*. Asian Football Confederation. Archived from the original on 31 August 2006. Retrieved 28 November 2005.
5. "Bangladesh to be sole host of inaugural AFC Challenge Cup 2006". The AFC. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 21 February 2006.
6. Acharya, Pawan (2006). "Nepal Dumped as AFC Cup Host". *OhmyNews*. Archived from the original on 3 December 2007. Retrieved 23 February 2006.
7. "Nepal dumped as co-host of AFC Challenge Cup". *Daily Times*. Pakistan. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 22 February 2006.
8. Kantipur (2006). "AFC dumps Nepal from co-hosting AFC Challenge Cup 2006". eKantipur.com. Archived from the original on 12 December 2007. Retrieved 20 February 2006.
9. Kantipur (2006). "AFC dumps Nepal from co-hosting AFC Challenge Cup 2006". KantipurOnline.com. Archived from the original on 12 December 2007. Retrieved 20 February 2006.
10. "Podkorytov is Kyrgyzstan acting coach". *The-AFC.com*. Asian Football Confederation. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 21 February 2006.
11. "Tajikistan lift inaugural AFC Challenge Cup". *The-AFC.com*. Asian Football Confederation. 19 April 2006. Archived from the original on 3 February 2013. Retrieved 8 July 2011.

## InfoBox

2006 AFC Challenge Cup
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Tournament details | |
| Host country | Bangladesh |
| Dates | 1–16 April |
| Venue(s) | 3 (in 2 host cities) |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | Tajikistan (1st title) |
| Runners-up | Sri Lanka |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 31 |
| Goals scored | 82 (2.65 per match) |
| Attendance | 150,150 (4,844 per match) |
| Top scorer(s) | Fahed Attal (8 goals) |
| Best player(s) | Ibrahim Rabimov |
|


title: Auburn–UAB men's basketball rivalry

abstract: The Auburn–UAB men's basketball rivalry is a men's college basketball rivalry between the Auburn Tigers and the UAB Blazers. Despite its relative youth and a 15-year hiatus from 2000–2014, the rivalry remains one of the fiercest and most competitive in the state of Alabama.

text:
# Auburn–UAB men's basketball rivalry

150km
100miles Auburn  UABLocations of Auburn and UAB

The **Auburn–UAB men's basketball rivalry** is a men's college basketball rivalry between the Auburn Tigers and the UAB Blazers. Despite its relative youth and a 15-year hiatus from 2000–2014, the rivalry remains one of the fiercest and most competitive in the state of Alabama.

## History

### Formation and early games

Auburn University and University of Alabama at Birmingham first played in 1982, just four seasons after the creation of the UAB men's basketball program. The matchup originated as a supplementary event at the Birmingham–Jefferson Civic Center (BJCC) for Auburn fans in Birmingham on the night before the Iron Bowl football game was played at Legion Field, and was initially characterized as a "friendly cage rivalry". However, UAB's quick rise to national prominence led to the Auburn–UAB game gaining significance in its own right. Three of those first five games in the BJCC saw one of the two teams come in ranked in the top 25, and the 1984 game remains the third-largest home crowd in UAB basketball history. The turnout in the early years was sizable; the lowest turnout in the first four matchups was 15,502, all played at Birmingham-Jefferson Coliseum. The 1989 game was the first to be played in Auburn.

Following a one-year break, Auburn and UAB played each other for 12 consecutive seasons. UAB was dominant during this period, winning eight out of ten games from 1989–1997. The 1997 and 1998 editions of the rivalry were played in the Holiday Hardwood Classic at the BJCC as part of a doubleheader with Alabama.

In the lead-up to the 1996 matchup, *The Anniston Star* reported that various "subplots" added "a touch of drama" to the Auburn–UAB rivalry. That year, Auburn senior Wes Flanigan, an all-SEC point guard whose battle with cancer had received national media attention, was playing his first game since his diagnosis.

### Hiatus

Following their 1999 matchup, Auburn head coach Cliff Ellis wanted the series to be played at Auburn until the number of games played in Auburn was equal to those played in Birmingham. UAB athletic director Gene Bartow and UAB head coach Murry Bartow refused to play the game exclusively in Auburn, so the series came to a halt. Despite pleas from both the media and the fans to continue the rivalry, no games were scheduled between the two programs for 15 seasons.

### Rivalry renewal

In May 2015, following UAB's NCAA tournament upset over 3-seed Iowa State and Bruce Pearl's first season at Auburn, UAB announced that they had reached an agreement to play Auburn in a four-game series. The first game would be played at Auburn, the second at UAB, then back at Auburn, then finally at Legacy Arena. (formerly the BJCC) Auburn won the first game of the series renewal in front of a sold out Auburn Arena, 75–74, on a 3-pointer in the final seconds of the game. In 2016, Auburn defeated UAB in the first game played at Bartow Arena in the series since 1996, 74–70. Auburn lead the entire game in a 85–80 victory to tie the series at 10 games apiece in 2017. Carrying a #8 ranking into the 2018 matchup, Auburn managed to survive a scare from UAB in overtime at Legacy Arena, 75–71, completing the series sweep against the Blazers. Auburn and UAB have not met since.

## Game results

| Auburn victories | UAB victories | Tie games |
| --- | --- | --- |

| No. | Date | Location | Winner | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | November 26, 1982 | BJCC Coliseum | Auburn | 63–61 |
| 2 | December 2, 1983 | BJCC Coliseum | UAB | 69–62 |
| 3 | November 30, 1984 | BJCC Coliseum | Auburn | 62–59 |
| 4 | December 10, 1985 | BJCC Coliseum | No. 16 UAB | 62–56 |
| 5 | November 28, 1986 | BJCC Coliseum | No. 12 Auburn | 68–58 |
| 6 | January 21, 1989 | BJCC Coliseum | UAB | 105–76 |
| 7 | December 1, 1989 | Joel H. Eaves Memorial Coliseum | UAB | 75–65 |
| 8 | November 30, 1990 | UAB Arena | UAB | 71–65 |
| 9 | November 29, 1991 | BJCC Coliseum | UAB | 88–74 |
| 10 | February 9, 1993 | UAB Arena | Auburn | 86–74 |
| 11 | December 16, 1993 | Beard–Eaves–Memorial Coliseum | UAB | 69–65 |
| 12 | November 30, 1994 | UAB Arena | Auburn | 60–54 |
| 13 | December 3, 1995 | Beard–Eaves–Memorial Coliseum | UAB | 66–54 |
| 14 | November 22, 1996 | UAB Arena | UAB | 64–57 |
| 15 | December 20, 1997 | BJCC Coliseum | UAB | 71–65 |
| 16 | December 12, 1998 | BJCC Coliseum | Auburn | 77–64 |
| 17 | November 19, 1999 | Beard–Eaves–Memorial Coliseum | No. 3 Auburn | 65–59 |
| 18 | November 13, 2015 | Auburn Arena | Auburn | 75–74 |
| 19 | December 3, 2016 | Bartow Arena | Auburn | 74–70 |
| 20 | December 9, 2017 | Auburn Arena | Auburn | 85–80 |
| 21 | December 15, 2018 | Legacy Arena | No. 8 Auburn | 75–71OT |
| **Series:** Auburn leads 11–10 | | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

Auburn–UAB men's basketball rivalry
| Auburn Tigers   UAB Blazers | |
| --- | --- |
| Sport | Men's college basketball |
| First meeting | November 26, 1982
Auburn 63, UAB 61 |
| Latest meeting | December 15, 2018
Auburn 75, UAB 71 |
| Stadiums | Bartow Arena
Beard–Eaves–Memorial Coliseum
Legacy Arena
Neville Arena |
| Statistics | |
| Meetings total | 21 |
| All-time series | Auburn, 11–10 |
| Largest victory | UAB, 105–76 (Feb. 25, 1989) |
| Longest win streak | Auburn, 6 (1998–present) |
| Current win streak | Auburn, 6 (1998–present) |


title: Auburntown, Tennessee

abstract: Auburntown is a town in Cannon County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 272 as of the 2020 census, up from 269 at the 2010 census.

text:
# Auburntown, Tennessee

**Auburntown** is a town in Cannon County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 272 as of the 2020 census, up from 269 at the 2010 census.

## History

Once known as Poplar Stand, due to large population of poplar trees in the area, Auburntown was eventually renamed after Auburn, New York. It was incorporated in 1949.

## Geography

Auburntown is located at 35°56′59″N 86°05′45″W / 35.949611°N 86.095913°W / 35.949611; -86.095913.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.6 square miles (1.6 km2), all of it land.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1880 | 107 |  |  |
| 1950 | 273 |  |  |
| 1960 | 256 |  | −6.2% |
| 1970 | 213 |  | −16.8% |
| 1980 | 204 |  | −4.2% |
| 1990 | 240 |  | 17.6% |
| 2000 | 252 |  | 5.0% |
| 2010 | 269 |  | 6.7% |
| 2020 | 272 |  | 1.1% |
| Sources: | | | |

### 2020 census

Auburntown racial composition
| Race | Number | Percentage |
| --- | --- | --- |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 252 | 92.65% |
| Asian | 2 | 0.74% |
| Other/Mixed | 13 | 4.78% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 5 | 1.84% |

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 272 people, 87 households, and 61 families residing in the town.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 252 people, 102 households, and 74 families residing in the town. The population density was 445.8 inhabitants per square mile (172.1/km2). There were 115 housing units at an average density of 203.4 per square mile (78.5/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 98.41% White, 0.40% African American, 0.40% Asian, and 0.79% from two or more races.

There were 102 households, out of which 34.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.7% were married couples living together, 5.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.5% were non-families. 26.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.96.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.0% under the age of 18, 5.6% from 18 to 24, 28.2% from 25 to 44, 25.8% from 45 to 64, and 15.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.7 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $32,857, and the median income for a family was $38,750. Males had a median income of $31,429 versus $26,250 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,275. About 8.1% of families and 11.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.0% of those under the age of eighteen and 9.8% of those 65 or over.

## InfoBox

| Auburntown, Tennessee | |
| --- | --- |
| Town | |
| Stores in Auburntown | |
| Location of Auburntown in Cannon County, Tennessee. | |
| Coordinates: 35°56′59″N 86°5′45″W / 35.94972°N 86.09583°W / 35.94972; -86.09583 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Tennessee |
| County | Cannon |
| Incorporated | 1949 |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.58 sq mi (1.50 km2) |
| Land | 0.58 sq mi (1.50 km2) |
| Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 715 ft (218 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 272 |
| Density | 470.59/sq mi (181.73/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 37016 |
| Area code | 615 |
| FIPS code | 47-02400 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1304896 |


title: Erwin Reifler

abstract: Erwin Reifler was an Austrian comparative philologist. He proposed comparative semantics, influenced by Joseph Vendryes.

text:
# Erwin Reifler

**Erwin Reifler** (Chinese: 罗逸民; 16 June 1903 - 23 April 1965) was an Austrian comparative philologist. He proposed comparative semantics, influenced by Joseph Vendryes.

## Biography

Erwin Reifler was born on June 16, 1903, in Vienna, Austria, to a Jewish family. He studied political science, Chinese (with Arthur von Rosthorn), and European classical languages at the University of Vienna. There he was a librarian in the Chinese Library in the Imperial Palace in Vienna from 1924 to 1927. He was awarded a PhD in political science in 1931. His thesis was entitled *State and Administration in Ancient China*. At Vienna he also developed a friendship with the American actress Anna May Wong who encouraged him to go to China.

He went to China in 1932 as an assistant and interpreter for the Austrian consulate to Shanghai and got the position to teach German at Shanghai Jiaotong University. He had the professorship in German language for five years and mainly taught German to Chinese but also Chinese to international foreigners in Shanghai. His wife Henrietta Brown was a student of his at that time.

During his early pedagogical career, he developed a set of mnemonic schemes for learning Chinese characters. This study led him to further develop an interest in comparative semantics and semasiology.

He taught shortly from 1937 and 1940 in Hongkong before he went back to Shanghai and taught philology (German and Latin) in the National Medical College and in the School of Pharmacy of the Sino-French University. He settled later into the position of Professor of Sinology at l'Université l'Aurore (震旦大学).

In 1947, he met Karl August Wittfogel in US and the latter recommended Reifler to George Taylor who was then starting the Far Eastern Department at the University of Washington. Reifler join the faculty in the fall of 1947 and taught there until his death in 1965.

## Involvement in Machine Translation

In 1948, Erwin Reifler presented a paper entitled "the Chinese Language in the Light of Comparative Semantics" at the American Philosophical Society annual conference. The abstract of the paper was published by *Science* in the same year. Warren Weaver, the Director of Natural Sciences at the Rockefeller Foundation, at that time saw the paper, and cited an example Reifler gave in order to illustrate the potential connections across languages in Weaver own memorandum on the possibility Machine Translation in 1949.

## Selected works

* *A New Approach to the Chinese Language*. Arts Association of Hong Kong University 1938.
* La Langue Chinoise à la Lumière de la Philologie Moderne. *Bulletin de l'Université de l'Aurore* (1943) 419-434.
* Étude sur l'Étymologie des Caractères Chinois. *Bulletin de l'Université de l'Aurore* (1944) 1-36.
* Contribution de la Philologie Chinoise à la Philologie Mondiale. *Bulletin de l'Université de l'Aurore* (1946) 31-50.
* Nature Complémentaire des Philologies Chinoise et Étrangères. *Bulletin de l'Université de l'Aurore* (1948) 98-106.
* La 'Fission de l'Atome' en Sinologie à l'Aide de la Sémantique Comparative. Analyse des Associations Préhistoriques d'Idées qui en Résultent (Découverte d'un Aspect Nouveau en Sinologie). *Bulletin de l'Université de l'Aurore* (1949) 239-254.
* Linguistic Analysis, Meaning, and Comparative Semantics. *Lingua 3* (1952/53) 371-390.
* "The Mechanical Determination of Meaning". In Sergei, Nirenburg; Harold, Somers; Yorick, Wilks. Readings in Machine Translation. 1955
* The Archaeological and Metrological evidence for an Indus Valley and Sumero-Babylonian Origin of the Ancient Chinese Measuring System, in Danekar (ed), Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth Congress of Orientalists v4 (1970) 139-162.
* H. J. Griffin (ed): Ancient Hebrew and Solomonic Building Construction: Compiled From the Notes of Dr Erwin Reifler \[microfilm\]. 1984.
* Erwin Reifler. A Comparative History of Metrology \[microfilm\]. 1984. with H. J. Griffin.

* John Hutchins (2000). *Early Years of Machine Translation*. ISBN 902724586X.
* Brooks, Bruce. "Erwin Reifler". *Sinological Profiles*. Retrieved 4 December 2016.
* Reifler, Erwin (2003). "The Mechanical Determination of Meaning". In Sergei, Nirenburg; Harold, Somers; Yorick, Wilks (eds.). *Readings in Machine Translation*. The MIT Press.
* Warren Weaver (1955). "Translation". In William, Locke; Donald, Booth (eds.). *Machine Translation of Languages*. pp. 15–24.


title: Eshanosaurus

abstract: Eshanosaurus is a genus of a dinosaur from the early Jurassic Period. It is known only from a fossil partial lower jawbone, found in China. It may be a therizinosaurian, and if so the earliest known coelurosaur.

text:
# Eshanosaurus

***Eshanosaurus*** is a genus of a dinosaur from the early Jurassic Period. It is known only from a fossil partial lower jawbone, found in China. It may be a therizinosaurian, and if so the earliest known coelurosaur.

## Discovery and naming

The type species, *Eshanosaurus deguchiianus*, was described by Xu Xing, Zhao, and James M. Clark in 2001. The generic name is derived from Eshan. The specific name honours Hikaru Deguchi who convinced Xu that he should study dinosaurs. The type specimen, consisting of three fragments of a fossilized left lower jaw and teeth, was uncovered in the Dull Purplish Beds of the Lower Lufeng Formation in Yunnan, dating to Hettangian stage. The specimen is in the collection of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology in Beijing, where it is catalogued under accession number IVPP V11579.

## Classification

The authors who initially described the fossil, classified *Eshanosaurus* as a member of the Therizinosauroidea on the basis of six distinct characteristics of the jaw and teeth, making it the earliest known coelurosaur, a maniraptoran living long before *Archaeopteryx*, 60 million years before certain basal therizinosaurs such as *Falcarius* and *Beipiaosaurus*. A cladistic analysis was not performed and the authors "speculatively" suggested it was the most basal known therizinosauroid. Due to the unusually long chronological gap in the therizinosauroid and coelurosaurian fossil record or ghost lineage created by this interpretation of the find, a few scientists have expressed doubts about the classification of *Eshanosaurus* as a therizinosauroid. James Kirkland and D.G. Wolfe, in their 2001 paper describing the therizinosaur *Nothronychus*, related personal correspondence that the teeth of *Eshanosaurus* bore a medial ridge only seen in prosauropods or basal Sauropodomorpha. Xu, Zhao and Clark, however, had examined the possibility that *Eshanosaurus* was a prosauropod, given that it was found below numerous fossils of *Lufengosaurus*, a prosauropod of which the lower jaw closely resembles in general shape that of a therizinosaur. The authors arrived at their conclusion that the specimen represented an Early Jurassic therizinosauroid, by testing the possibility that it were a basal sauropodomorph as rigorously as they could using the comparative method: the six traits found were those shared between *Eshanosaurus* and therizinosaurs to the exclusion of prosauropods.

In 2009, a paper published by Paul M. Barrett again examined the question of *Eshanosaurus* classification. Barrett examined the type specimen in detail, noting six features shared with therizinosaurs but not shown by prosauropods. Barrett concluded by agreeing with the original interpretation, that *Eshanosaurus* is a therizinosaur, and that its presence in the early Jurassic has important implications for the evolutionary history of coelurosaurs, notably, that large portions of the coelurosaur fossil record remain missing. The describers of *Martharaptor* noted that three of the putative therizinosaurian characteristics of *Eshanosaurus* identified by Barrett are also known in sauropodomorphs.

In the second edition of the popular book *The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs*, published in 2016, Gregory S. Paul suggested that *Eshanosaurus* may be closely related to the mysterious *Chilesaurus*, but without detailed comments.

## Further reading

* J. M. Clark, T. Maryanska, and R. Barsbold. 2004. "Therizinosauroidea. In D. B. Weishampel, P. Dodson, and H. Osmolska (eds.), The Dinosauria (second edition)". *University of California Press, Berkeley*, 151-164

## InfoBox

| *Eshanosaurus*
Temporal range: Early Jurassic, | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Holotype mandible | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| *Clade*: | Dinosauria |
| *Clade*: | Saurischia |
| *Clade*: | Theropoda |
| *Clade*: | Therizinosauria (?) |
| Genus: | *Eshanosaurus*
Xu, Zhou & Clark, 2001 |
|
| Type species | |
| ***Eshanosaurus deguchiianus***
Xu, Zhou & Clark, 2001 | |