title: 2013 FedEx Cup Playoffs

abstract:
The 2013 FedEx Cup Playoffs, the series of four golf tournaments that determined the season champion on the U.S.-based PGA Tour, were played from August 22 to September 22. It included the following four events:
  - The Barclays — Liberty National Golf Club, Jersey City, New Jersey
  - Deutsche Bank Championship — TPC Boston, Norton, Massachusetts
  - BMW Championship — Conway Farms Golf Club, Lake Forest, Illinois
  - Tour Championship — East Lake Golf Club, Atlanta, Georgia These were the seventh FedEx Cup playoffs since their inception in 2007. The point distributions can be seen here.

text:
# 2013 FedEx Cup Playoffs

The **2013 FedEx Cup Playoffs**, the series of four golf tournaments that determined the season champion on the U.S.-based PGA Tour, were played from August 22 to September 22. It included the following four events:

These were the seventh FedEx Cup playoffs since their inception in 2007.

The point distributions can be seen here.

## Regular season rankings

| Place | Player | Points | Events |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Tiger Woods | 3,059 | 12 |
| 2 | Matt Kuchar | 2,293 | 19 |
| 3 | Brandt Snedeker | 2,218 | 19 |
| 4 | Phil Mickelson | 2,166 | 17 |
| 5 | Bill Haas | 1,505 | 21 |
| 6 | Billy Horschel | 1,487 | 22 |
| 7 | Justin Rose | 1,447 | 13 |
| 8 | Jordan Spieth | 1,436 | 19 |
| 9 | Henrik Stenson | 1,426 | 14 |
| 10 | Keegan Bradley | 1,416 | 21 |

## The Barclays

The Barclays was played August 22–25. Of the 125 players eligible to play in the event, two did not enter: Zach Johnson (ranked 18) and Steve Stricker (20). Of the 123 entrants, 74 made the second-round cut at 142 (E).

Adam Scott won by one stroke over Graham DeLaet, Justin Rose, Gary Woodland, and Tiger Woods and moved from 11th place to second place in the standings. The top 100 players in the points standings advanced to the Deutsche Bank Championship. This included five players who were outside the top 100 prior to The Barclays: Martin Kaymer (ranked 103rd to 90th), Camilo Villegas (110 to 100), Erik Compton (117 to 94), Greg Chalmers (122 to 93), and Stuart Appleby (123 to 96). Five players started the tournament within the top 100 but ended the tournament outside the top 100, ending their playoff chances: James Driscoll (ranked 93rd to 103rd), Ted Potter Jr. (96 to 105), J. J. Henry (97 to 106), Geoff Ogilvy (99 to 104), and Jeff Overton (100 to 108).

|  | | | | | FedEx Cup rank | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Place | Player | Score | To par | Winnings ($) | After | Before |
| 1 | Adam Scott | 69-66-72-66=273 | −11 | 1,440,000 | 2 | 11 |
| T2 | Graham DeLaet | 67-73-69-65=274 | −10 | 528,000 | 7 | 34 |
| | Justin Rose | 68-68-70-68=274 | | | 5 | 7 |
| | Gary Woodland | 69-64-68-73=274 | | | 10 | 60 |
| | Tiger Woods | 67-69-69-69=274 | | | 1 | 1 |
| T6 | Jim Furyk | 70-66-70-69=275 | −9 | 268,000 | 14 | 23 |
| | Phil Mickelson | 71-69-70-65=275 | | | 3 | 4 |
| | D. A. Points | 70-72-66-67=275 | | | 15 | 25 |
| T9 | Matt Every | 67-72-69-68=276 | −8 | 208,000 | 46 | 88 |
| | Rickie Fowler | 71-64-71-70=276 | | | 23 | 42 |
| | Jason Kokrak | 70-69-70-67=276 | | | 50 | 95 |
| | Nick Watney | 68-70-69-69=276 | | | 35 | 63 |

* Par 71 course

## Deutsche Bank Championship

The Deutsche Bank Championship was played August 30 – September 2. All 100 players eligible to play in the event did so. 76 made the second-round cut at one-under-par, 141.

Henrik Stenson won by two strokes over Steve Stricker and moved into first place in the standings. The top 70 players in the points standings advanced to the BMW Championship. This included seven players who were outside the top 70 prior to the Deutsche Bank Championship: Kevin Stadler (75 to 32), Brian Davis (80 to 49), Ian Poulter (77 to 52), Marc Leishman (76 to 58), Nicholas Thompson (73 to 59), Brendan Steele (89 to 69), and Ernie Els (91 to 70). Seven players started the tournament within the top 70 but ended the tournament outside the top 70, ending their playoff chances: Ryan Palmer (60 to 71), Freddie Jacobson (61 to 72), Martin Laird (63 to 74), David Lingmerth (64 to 75), Kyle Stanley (66 to 77), Cameron Tringale (69 to 79), and Tim Clark (70 to 80).

|  | | | | | FedEx Cup rank | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Place | Player | Score | To par | Winnings ($) | After | Before |
| 1 | Henrik Stenson | 67-63-66-66=262 | −22 | 1,440,000 | 1 | 13 |
| 2 | Steve Stricker | 66-68-63-67=264 | −20 | 864,000 | 8 | 28 |
| 3 | Graham DeLaet | 67-68-62-69=266 | −18 | 544,000 | 5 | 7 |
| T4 | Sergio García | 65-64-65-73=267 | −17 | 315,000 | 24 | 55 |
| | Matt Kuchar | 66-66-69-66=267 | | | 4 | 4 |
| | Jordan Spieth | 67-66-72-62=267 | | | 10 | 9 |
| | Kevin Stadler | 64-71-64-68=267 | | | 32 | 75 |
| 8 | Brian Davis | 63-72-66-67=268 | −16 | 248,000 | 49 | 80 |
| T9 | Roberto Castro | 65-65-68-71=269 | −15 | 208,000 | 25 | 34 |
| | Brendon de Jonge | 69-65-69-66=269 | | | 26 | 38 |
| | Jason Dufner | 66-66-66-71=269 | | | 13 | 19 |
| | Ian Poulter | 66-68-66-69=269 | | | 52 | 77 |

* Par 71 course

## BMW Championship

The BMW Championship was played September 12–16, after a one-week break. All 70 players eligible to play in the event did so. There was no cut. The tournament was scheduled to end on September 15 but the final round could not be completed on Sunday due to rain and finished on Monday.

Zach Johnson won by two strokes over Nick Watney. Two players played their way into the Tour Championship: Watney (ranked 34 to ranked 12) and Luke Donald (54 to 29). Two players played their way out of the Tour Championship: Harris English (28 to 31) and Lee Westwood (30 to 41).

The top 30 players in FedEx Cup points after this event advanced to the Tour Championship and also earned spots in the 2014 Masters Tournament, U.S. Open, and (British) Open Championship.

With the FedEx Cup points reset after the BMW Championship, all 30 remaining players had at least a mathematical chance to secure the season crown, and any of the top five players could claim the FedEx Cup with a win in the Tour Championship.

|  | | | | | FedEx Cup rank | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Place | Player | Score | To par | Winnings ($) | After | Before |
| 1 | Zach Johnson | 64-70-69-65=268 | −16 | 1,440,000 | 4 | 27 |
| 2 | Nick Watney | 67-69-70-64=270 | −14 | 864,000 | 12 | 34 |
| 3 | Jim Furyk | 72-59-69-71=271 | −13 | 544,000 | 11 | 15 |
| T4 | Jason Day | 71-66-70-66=273 | −11 | 315,000 | 14 | 12 |
| | Luke Donald | 70-70-67-66=273 | | | 29 | 54 |
| | Hunter Mahan | 68-73-65-67=273 | | | 15 | 18 |
| | Steve Stricker | 66-71-64-72=273 | | | 6 | 8 |
| T8 | Matt Jones | 69-71-67-67=274 | −10 | 232,000 | 32 | 51 |
| | Charl Schwartzel | 66-70-69-69=274 | | | 23 | 29 |
| | Brandt Snedeker | 63-68-71-72=274 | | | 10 | 9 |

* Par 71 course

## Reset points

The points were reset after the BMW Championship.

| Place | Player | Points | Reset points | Events |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Tiger Woods | 4,352 | 2,500 | 15 |
| 2 | Henrik Stenson | 4,229 | 2,250 | 17 |
| 3 | Adam Scott | 4,122 | 2,000 | 15 |
| 4 | Zach Johnson | 3,843 | 1,800 | 23 |
| 5 | Matt Kuchar | 3,330 | 1,600 | 22 |
| 6 | Steve Stricker | 3,180 | 1,400 | 12 |
| 7 | Graham DeLaet | 3,011 | 1,200 | 25 |
| 8 | Phil Mickelson | 2,939 | 1,000 | 20 |
| 9 | Justin Rose | 2,842 | 800 | 16 |
| 10 | Brandt Snedeker | 2,726 | 600 | 22 |

## Tour Championship

The Tour Championship was played September 19–22. All 30 golfers who qualified for the tournament played, and there was no cut. Henrik Stenson won the tournament by three shots over Jordan Spieth and Steve Stricker, and the FedEx Cup.

|  | | | | | FedEx Cup rank | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Place | Player | Score | To par | Winnings ($) | After | Before |
| 1 | Henrik Stenson | 64-66-69-68=267 | −13 | 1,440,000 | 1 | 2 |
| T2 | Jordan Spieth | 68-67-71-64=270 | −10 | 708,000 | 7 | 13 |
| | Steve Stricker | 66-71-68-65=270 | | | 3 | 6 |
| 4 | Webb Simpson | 68-71-69-63=271 | −9 | 384,000 | 11 | 21 |
| 5 | Dustin Johnson | 68-68-67-69=272 | −8 | 320,000 | 13 | 30 |
| 6 | Justin Rose | 68-68-70-67=273 | −7 | 288,000 | 10 | 9 |
| T7 | Billy Horschel | 66-70-70-68=274 | −6 | 264,000 | 16 | 22 |
| | Zach Johnson | 69-68-69-68=274 | | | 5 | 4 |
| T9 | Roberto Castro | 67-71-72-65=275 | −5 | 227,733 | 21 | 24 |
| | Jason Dufner | 74-70-66-65=275 | | | 19 | 20 |
| | Sergio García | 68-71-69-67=275 | | | 22 | 25 |

* Par 70 course

## Final leaderboard

| Place | Player | Points | Winnings ($) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Henrik Stenson | 4,750 | 10,000,000 |
| 2 | Tiger Woods | 2,743 | 3,000,000 |
| 3 | Steve Stricker | 2,650 | 2,000,000 |
| 4 | Adam Scott | 2,278 | 1,500,000 |
| 5 | Zach Johnson | 2,238 | 1,000,000 |
| 6 | Matt Kuchar | 1,823 | 800,000 |
| 7 | Jordan Spieth | 1,690 | 700,000 |
| 8 | Graham DeLaet | 1,415 | 600,000 |
| 9 | Phil Mickelson | 1,313 | 550,000 |
| 10 | Justin Rose | 1,300 | 500,000 |

For the full list see here.

## Table of qualifying players

Table key:

Win   Top-10 finish   Did not advance to next tournament   Played way into next tournament

|  | Player | Pre-Playoffs | | The Barclays | | Deutsche Bank | | BMW Champ. | | Reset
points | Tour Champ. | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Points | Rank | Finish | Rank after | Finish | Rank after | Finish | Rank after | | Finish | Final rank |
|  | Tiger Woods | 3,059 | 1 | T2 | 1 | T65 | 2 | T11 | 1 | 2,500 | T22 | 2 |
|  | Matt Kuchar | 2,293 | 2 | T19 | 4 | T4 | 4 | T24 | 5 | 1,600 | T26 | 6 |
|  | Brandt Snedeker | 2,218 | 3 | CUT | 6 | T47 | 9 | T8 | 10 | 600 | T20 | 12 |
|  | Phil Mickelson | 2,166 | 4 | T6 | 3 | T41 | 6 | T33 | 8 | 1,000 | T12 | 9 |
|  | Bill Haas | 1,505 | 5 | T25 | 8 | CUT | 17 | T28 | 18 | 340 | T24 | 24 |
|  | Billy Horschel* | 1,487 | 6 | CUT | 17 | T70 | 22 | T18 | 22 | 290 | T7 | 16 |
|  | Justin Rose | 1,447 | 7 | T2 | 5 | T16 | 7 | T33 | 9 | 800 | 6 | 10 |
|  | Jordan Spieth* | 1,436 | 8 | T19 | 9 | T4 | 10 | T16 | 13 | 440 | T2 | 7 |
|  | Henrik Stenson | 1,426 | 9 | T43 | 13 | 1 | 1 | T33 | 2 | 2,250 | 1 | 1 |
|  | Keegan Bradley | 1,416 | 10 | T33 | 11 | T16 | 11 | T16 | 16 | 380 | T12 | 18 |
|  | Adam Scott | 1,347 | 11 | 1 | 2 | T53 | 3 | T28 | 3 | 2,000 | T14 | 4 |
|  | Boo Weekley | 1,335 | 12 | T58 | 20 | T35 | 19 | T54 | 26 | 250 | 30 | 29 |
|  | Kevin Streelman | 1,333 | 13 | T19 | 12 | T41 | 16 | T33 | 19 | 320 | T24 | 25 |
|  | Jason Day | 1,284 | 14 | T25 | 16 | T13 | 12 | T4 | 14 | 420 | T14 | 17 |
|  | Jason Dufner | 1,256 | 15 | T37 | 19 | T9 | 13 | T54 | 20 | 310 | T9 | 19 |
|  | Dustin Johnson | 1,226 | 16 | CUT | 22 | T27 | 23 | T62 | 30 | 210 | 5 | 13 |
|  | Webb Simpson | 1,188 | 17 | T15 | 18 | T53 | 20 | T24 | 21 | 300 | 4 | 11 |
|  | Zach Johnson | 1,141 | 18 | DNP | 25 | T27 | 27 | 1 | 4 | 1,800 | T7 | 5 |
|  | Harris English | 1,134 | 19 | CUT | 26 | T27 | 28 | 50 | 31 |  |  | 31 |
|  | Steve Stricker | 1,117 | 20 | DNP | 28 | 2 | 8 | T4 | 6 | 1,400 | T2 | 3 |
|  | Hunter Mahan | 1,101 | 21 | T25 | 21 | T13 | 18 | T4 | 15 | 400 | T20 | 20 |
|  | Patrick Reed* | 1,062 | 22 | CUT | 32 | T70 | 47 | T59 | 54 |  |  | 54 |
|  | Jim Furyk | 1,057 | 23 | T6 | 14 | T27 | 15 | 3 | 11 | 480 | T14 | 14 |
|  | Russell Henley* | 1,048 | 24 | CUT | 33 | T62 | 43 | T39 | 44 |  |  | 44 |
|  | D. A. Points | 1,038 | 25 | T6 | 15 | CUT | 21 | T57 | 28 | 230 | T26 | 30 |
|  | Jimmy Walker | 996 | 26 | T54 | 30 | CUT | 45 | T11 | 36 |  |  | 36 |
|  | Charles Howell III | 996 | 27 | T33 | 24 | T53 | 31 | T39 | 35 |  |  | 35 |
|  | Graeme McDowell | 941 | 28 | CUT | 44 | T47 | 48 | T57 | 55 |  |  | 55 |
|  | Jonas Blixt | 912 | 29 | T58 | 41 | T53 | 50 | T51 | 52 |  |  | 52 |
|  | John Merrick | 909 | 30 | T50 | 39 | T53 | 44 | T18 | 39 |  |  | 39 |
|  | Chris Kirk | 904 | 31 | CUT | 47 | T16 | 37 | T24 | 34 |  |  | 34 |
|  | Ken Duke | 902 | 32 | CUT | 48 | CUT | 61 | T65 | 67 |  |  | 67 |
|  | Charl Schwartzel | 871 | 33 | T25 | 29 | T22 | 29 | T8 | 23 | 280 | 29 | 27 |
|  | Graham DeLaet | 856 | 34 | T2 | 7 | 3 | 5 | T28 | 7 | 1,200 | 28 | 8 |
|  | Lee Westwood | 856 | 35 | T25 | 31 | T27 | 30 | 67 | 41 |  |  | 41 |
|  | Bae Sang-moon | 838 | 36 | CUT | 57 | CUT | 67 | T54 | 69 |  |  | 69 |
|  | Matt Jones | 836 | 37 | T33 | 37 | CUT | 51 | T8 | 32 |  |  | 32 |
|  | Bubba Watson | 830 | 38 | T13 | 27 | T67 | 40 | T24 | 37 |  |  | 37 |
|  | Michael Thompson | 828 | 39 | CUT | 58 | T53 | 63 | T62 | 66 |  |  | 66 |
|  | Ángel Cabrera | 826 | 40 | CUT | 59 | 76 | 68 | T44 | 65 |  |  | 65 |
|  | Roberto Castro | 823 | 41 | T25 | 34 | T9 | 25 | 15 | 24 | 270 | T9 | 21 |
|  | Rickie Fowler | 822 | 42 | T9 | 23 | CUT | 36 | T39 | 38 |  |  | 38 |
|  | Scott Stallings | 816 | 43 | CUT | 62 | T35 | 55 | T69 | 63 |  |  | 63 |
|  | Martin Laird | 809 | 44 | T72 | 63 | CUT | 74 |  |  |  |  | 74 |
|  | David Lingmerth* | 806 | 45 | WD | 64 | CUT | 75 |  |  |  |  | 75 |
|  | Ryan Palmer | 801 | 46 | T66 | 60 | CUT | 71 |  |  |  |  | 71 |
|  | Chris Stroud | 800 | 47 | T33 | 40 | T35 | 39 | T51 | 43 |  |  | 43 |
|  | Charley Hoffman | 793 | 48 | 70 | 65 | T27 | 53 | 68 | 61 |  |  | 61 |
|  | Rory McIlroy | 777 | 49 | T19 | 36 | T47 | 41 | T59 | 50 |  |  | 50 |
|  | Scott Piercy | 773 | 50 | T43 | 49 | T13 | 35 | T69 | 49 |  |  | 49 |
|  | Brendon de Jonge | 769 | 51 | T19 | 38 | T9 | 26 | T18 | 27 | 240 | T18 | 26 |
|  | Brian Gay | 744 | 52 | T43 | 51 | T27 | 46 | T65 | 57 |  |  | 57 |
|  | David Hearn | 728 | 53 | T72 | 67 | T35 | 62 | T28 | 56 |  |  | 56 |
|  | David Lynn* | 716 | 54 | T19 | 42 | CUT | 56 | 23 | 48 |  |  | 48 |
|  | Luke Donald | 707 | 55 | T41 | 54 | T41 | 54 | T4 | 29 | 220 | T18 | 28 |
|  | Tim Clark | 703 | 56 | CUT | 70 | CUT | 80 |  |  |  |  | 80 |
|  | John Rollins | 696 | 57 | CUT | 71 | CUT | 81 |  |  |  |  | 81 |
|  | Kevin Chappell | 689 | 58 | T15 | 43 | T22 | 33 | T62 | 45 |  |  | 45 |
|  | Sergio García | 684 | 59 | T37 | 55 | T4 | 24 | T18 | 25 | 260 | T9 | 22 |
|  | Gary Woodland | 683 | 60 | T2 | 10 | T41 | 14 | T18 | 17 | 360 | T22 | 23 |
|  | Josh Teater | 682 | 61 | T72 | 72 | T62 | 78 |  |  |  |  | 78 |
|  | K. J. Choi | 666 | 62 | T68 | 74 | T41 | 73 |  |  |  |  | 73 |
|  | Nick Watney | 663 | 63 | T9 | 35 | T35 | 34 | 2 | 12 | 460 | T14 | 15 |
|  | Kyle Stanley | 662 | 64 | T50 | 66 | CUT | 77 |  |  |  |  | 77 |
|  | John Huh | 661 | 65 | T15 | 45 | T22 | 38 | 49 | 42 |  |  | 42 |
|  | Freddie Jacobson | 659 | 66 | T37 | 61 | CUT | 72 |  |  |  |  | 72 |
|  | Cameron Tringale | 654 | 67 | T58 | 69 | T67 | 79 |  |  |  |  | 79 |
|  | Ryan Moore | 653 | 68 | T25 | 53 | 75 | 65 | T11 | 51 |  |  | 51 |
|  | Marc Leishman | 648 | 69 | 71 | 76 | T16 | 58 | T39 | 59 |  |  | 59 |
|  | Ian Poulter | 645 | 70 | CUT | 77 | T9 | 52 | T44 | 53 |  |  | 53 |
|  | Brian Davis | 622 | 71 | CUT | 80 | 8 | 49 | T33 | 47 |  |  | 47 |
|  | Luke Guthrie* | 607 | 72 | CUT | 81 | CUT | 90 |  |  |  |  | 90 |
|  | Robert Garrigus | 601 | 73 | CUT | 82 | CUT | 91 |  |  |  |  | 91 |
|  | Derek Ernst* | 598 | 74 | CUT | 83 | CUT | 93 |  |  |  |  | 93 |
|  | Daniel Summerhays | 594 | 75 | T15 | 52 | T22 | 42 | T28 | 40 |  |  | 40 |
|  | Scott Brown* | 588 | 76 | T62 | 79 | CUT | 88 |  |  |  |  | 88 |
|  | Nicholas Thompson | 585 | 77 | T50 | 73 | T22 | 59 | T44 | 60 |  |  | 60 |
|  | Brian Stuard* | 583 | 78 | CUT | 84 | T67 | 92 |  |  |  |  | 92 |
|  | Jerry Kelly | 580 | 79 | CUT | 87 | T53 | 85 |  |  |  |  | 85 |
|  | Brian Harman | 578 | 80 | CUT | 88 | CUT | 94 |  |  |  |  | 94 |
|  | Brendan Steele | 574 | 81 | CUT | 89 | T20 | 69 | 61 | 70 |  |  | 70 |
|  | Ernie Els | 571 | 82 | CUT | 91 | T20 | 70 | T51 | 68 |  |  | 68 |
|  | Stewart Cink | 568 | 83 | T68 | 85 | T27 | 76 |  |  |  |  | 76 |
|  | Richard H. Lee* | 565 | 84 | CUT | 92 | T73 | 96 |  |  |  |  | 96 |
|  | Rory Sabbatini | 553 | 85 | T13 | 56 | T53 | 60 | T11 | 46 |  |  | 46 |
|  | Martin Flores | 552 | 86 | T54 | 78 | CUT | 87 |  |  |  |  | 87 |
|  | Kevin Stadler | 547 | 87 | T43 | 75 | T4 | 32 | T33 | 33 |  |  | 33 |
|  | Matt Every | 545 | 88 | T9 | 46 | T62 | 57 | T39 | 58 |  |  | 58 |
|  | Pat Perez | 544 | 89 | CUT | 95 | T70 | 98 |  |  |  |  | 98 |
|  | Bo Van Pelt | 542 | 90 | CUT | 97 | T53 | 89 |  |  |  |  | 89 |
|  | Justin Leonard | 536 | 91 | CUT | 98 | T47 | 86 |  |  |  |  | 86 |
|  | William McGirt | 533 | 92 | CUT | 99 | CUT | 100 |  |  |  |  | 100 |
|  | James Driscoll | 524 | 93 | CUT | 103 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 103 |
|  | Bob Estes | 523 | 94 | T58 | 86 | T47 | 83 |  |  |  |  | 83 |
|  | Jason Kokrak* | 521 | 95 | T9 | 50 | T73 | 64 | T44 | 62 |  |  | 62 |
|  | Ted Potter Jr. | 518 | 96 | CUT | 105 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 105 |
|  | J. J. Henry | 516 | 97 | CUT | 106 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 106 |
|  | Bryce Molder | 504 | 98 | T25 | 68 | T41 | 66 | T44 | 64 |  |  | 64 |
|  | Geoff Ogilvy | 492 | 99 | 65 | 104 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 104 |
|  | Jeff Overton | 484 | 100 | T66 | 108 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 108 |
|  | James Hahn* | 480 | 101 | CUT | 110 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 110 |
|  | Mark Wilson | 476 | 102 | CUT | 111 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 111 |
|  | Martin Kaymer* | 474 | 103 | T50 | 90 | T47 | 84 |  |  |  |  | 84 |
|  | Charlie Beljan* | 459 | 104 | CUT | 112 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 112 |
|  | John Senden | 458 | 105 | T62 | 109 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 109 |
|  | Jason Bohn | 454 | 106 | CUT | 113 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 113 |
|  | Lucas Glover | 454 | 107 | WD | 114 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 114 |
|  | Jeff Maggert | 453 | 108 | CUT | 115 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 115 |
|  | Justin Hicks* | 451 | 109 | WD | 116 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 116 |
|  | Camilo Villegas | 450 | 110 | T54 | 100 | T35 | 82 |  |  |  |  | 82 |
|  | Morgan Hoffmann* | 444 | 111 | CUT | 117 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 117 |
|  | Chez Reavie | 439 | 112 | CUT | 118 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 118 |
|  | Carl Pettersson | 439 | 113 | T54 | 107 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 107 |
|  | Lee Dong-hwan* | 432 | 114 | CUT | 119 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 119 |
|  | Andrés Romero | 430 | 115 | CUT | 120 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 120 |
|  | Johnson Wagner | 430 | 116 | CUT | 121 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 121 |
|  | Erik Compton* | 422 | 117 | T43 | 94 | CUT | 99 |  |  |  |  | 99 |
|  | Charlie Wi | 401 | 118 | CUT | 123 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 123 |
|  | Aaron Baddeley | 401 | 119 | T43 | 101 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 101 |
|  | Steven Bowditch | 400 | 120 | CUT | 124 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 124 |
|  | George McNeill | 399 | 121 | T43 | 102 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 102 |
|  | Greg Chalmers | 395 | 122 | T37 | 93 | CUT | 97 |  |  |  |  | 97 |
|  | Stuart Appleby | 395 | 123 | T41 | 96 | T65 | 95 |  |  |  |  | 95 |
|  | Scott Langley* | 386 | 124 | T62 | 122 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 122 |
|  | Ben Crane | 369 | 125 | WD | 125 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 125 |

* First-time Playoffs participant

## InfoBox

2013 FedEx Cup Playoffs
| Tournament information | |
| --- | --- |
| Dates | August 22 – September 22, 2013 |
| Location | Liberty National Golf Club
TPC Boston
Conway Farms Golf Club
East Lake Golf Club |
| Tour(s) | PGA Tour |
| Statistics | |
| Field | 125 for The Barclays
100 for Deutsche Bank
70 for BMW Championship
30 for Tour Championship |
| Prize fund | $35,000,000 bonus money |
| Winner's share | $10,000,000 bonus money |
| Champion | |
| Henrik Stenson | |
| 4,750 points | |
|  | |


title: Eupterote calandra

abstract: Eupterote calandra is a moth in the family Eupterotidae. It was described by Charles Swinhoe in 1894. It is found in India.

text:
# Eupterote calandra

***Eupterote calandra*** is a moth in the family Eupterotidae. It was described by Charles Swinhoe in 1894. It is found in India.

## InfoBox

| *Eupterote calandra* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Eupterotidae |
| Genus: | *Eupterote* |
| Species: | ***E. calandra*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Eupterote calandra***<br>C. Swinhoe, 1894 | |
|


title: Asheboro Regional Airport

abstract: Asheboro Regional Airport is a city-owned public-use airport located six nautical miles (11 km) southwest of the central business district of Asheboro, a city in Randolph County, North Carolina, United States. It was formerly known as Asheboro Municipal Airport. Although many U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, this facility is assigned HBI by the FAA but has no designation from the IATA.

text:
# Asheboro Regional Airport

**Asheboro Regional Airport** (ICAO: **KHBI**, FAA LID: **HBI**) is a city-owned public-use airport located six nautical miles (11 km) southwest of the central business district of Asheboro, a city in Randolph County, North Carolina, United States. It was formerly known as **Asheboro Municipal Airport**.

Although many U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, this facility is assigned **HBI** by the FAA but has no designation from the IATA (which assigned **HBI** to Harbour Island in the Bahamas).

## Facilities and aircraft

Asheboro Regional Airport covers an area of 454 acres (184 ha) at an elevation of 671 feet (205 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 3/21 with an asphalt surface measuring 5,501 by 100 feet (1,677 x 30 m).

For the 12-month period ending July 7, 2008, the airport had 15,500 aircraft operations, an average of 42 per day: 97% general aviation and 3% military. At that time there were 45 aircraft based at this airport: 78% single-engine, 20% multi-engine and 2% jet.

1. FAA Airport Form 5010 for HBI PDF. Federal Aviation Administration. Effective 29 July 2010.
2. "Asheboro Regional, North Carolina (ICAO: KHBI, FAA: HBI)". Great Circle Mapper. Retrieved 5 August 2010.
3. "Harbour Island, Bahamas (IATA: HBI)". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 5 August 2010.

## InfoBox

| Asheboro Regional Airport | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Summary | |
| Airport type | Public |
| Owner | City of Asheboro |
| Serves | Asheboro, North Carolina |
| Elevation AMSL | 671 ft / 205 m |
| Coordinates | 35°39′16″N 079°53′41″W / 35.65444°N 79.89472°W / 35.65444; -79.89472 |
| Runways | |
| Direction Length Surface  ft m  3/21 5,501 1,677 Asphalt | |
| Statistics (2008) | |
| Aircraft operations 15,500  Based aircraft 45 | |
| Source: Federal Aviation Administration | |


title: Ernad Sabotic

abstract: Ernad Sabotic is a retired Luxembourgian football midfielder.

text:
# Ernad Sabotic

**Ernad Sabotic** (born 23 October 1979) is a retired Luxembourgian football midfielder.

## InfoBox

Ernad Sabotic
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1979-10-23) 23 October 1979 | | |
| Place of birth | Rožaje, SFR Yugoslavia | | |
| Height | 1.71 m (5 ft 7 in) | | |
| Position(s) | midfielder | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1998–2009 | Jeunesse Esch |  |  |
| 2010 | Swift Hesperange |  |  |
| 2010–2014 | Käerjéng |  |  |
| 2014–2015 | Union Luxembourg |  |  |
| 2015–2016 | Yellow Boys |  |  |
| 2016–2017 | Berdenia Berbourg |  |  |
| 2017–2019 | CS Grevenmacher |  |  |
| International career | | | |
| 2005 | Luxembourg | 4 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


abstract: The 12th Central American and Caribbean Junior Championships was held in San Salvador, El Salvador, between 14–16 July 1996.

text:
# 1996 Central American and Caribbean Junior Championships in Athletics

The 12th **Central American and Caribbean Junior Championships** was held in San Salvador, El Salvador, between 14–16 July 1996.

## Medal summary

Medal winners are published by category: Junior A, Male, Junior A, Female, and Junior B. Complete results can be found on the World Junior Athletics History website.

### Male Junior A (under 20)

| Event | Gold | | Silver | | Bronze | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 100 metres
(1.4 m/s) | Roy Bailey (JAM) | 10.52 | Oscar Meneses (GUA) | 10.69 | Dominic Demeritte (BAH) | 10.73 |
| 200 metres
(1.0 m/s) | Misael Ortíz (CUB) | 21.04 | Dominic Demeritte (BAH) | 21.23 | Roy Bailey (JAM) | 21.25 |
| 400 metres | Rohan McDonald (JAM) | 46.67 | Avard Moncur (BAH) | 47.09 | Carlos Santa (DOM) | 47.19 |
| 800 metres | Rubén Ortiz (MEX) | 1:53.05 | Johan Valdéz (CUB) | 1:53.91 | Dwayne Miller (JAM) | 1:54.28 |
| 1500 metres | Mauricio Zapata (MEX) | 3:55.63 | Luis Arias (MEX) | 3:55.73 | Johan Valdéz (CUB) | 4:00.73 |
| 5000 metres | David Galindo (MEX) | 14:23.66 | Juan Peralta (MEX) | 14:41.32 | Roy Vargas (CRC) | 15:41.27 |
| 10,000 metres | David Galindo (MEX) | 29:59.00 | Francisco Mondragón (MEX) | 30:25.20 | Roy Vargas (CRC) | 31:49.80 |
| 3000 metres steeplechase | Yacel Noa (CUB) | 9:18.78 | Alexander Greaux (PUR) | 9:25.72 | Abel Medina (MEX) | 9:28.32 |
| 110 metres hurdles
(1.8 m/s) | Yoel Hernández (CUB) | 14.16 | Carlos Patterson (CUB) | 14.22 | Stephen Jones (BAR) | 14.26 |
| 400 metres hurdles | Kurt Duncan (JAM) | 52.90 | Robín Osorio (CUB) | 53.79 | Edwin Esparra (PUR) | 54.01 |
| High jump | Ryan Chambers (JAM) | 2.05 | Luis Soto (PUR) | 2.05 | Joel López (MEX) | 2.00 |
| Pole vault | Amaury Fernández (CUB) | 4.80 | Makirk Ramos (PUR) | 4.70 | Arturo Perea (PUR) | 4.30 |
| Long jump | Joan Lino Martínez (CUB) | 7.46 | René Hernández (CUB) | 7.38 | Luis Soto (PUR) | 7.25 |
| Triple jump | Michael Calvo (CUB) | 16.47 | Allen Mortimer (BAH) | 16.40 | René Hernández (CUB) | 15.78 |
| Shot put | Ahville Black (JAM) | 14.20 | Ricardo Despaigne (CUB) | 13.73 | Jesús Martínez (MEX) | 13.56 |
| Discus throw | Frank Casañas (CUB) | 53.08 | Daikel Flores (CUB) | 51.96 | Ahville Black (JAM) | 47.26 |
| Hammer throw | Yosmel Montes (CUB) | 65.88 | Abdul Munguía (CUB) | 55.32 | Carlos Valencia (MEX) | 53.24 |
| Javelin throw | Yoverlandi Suárez (CUB) | 66.92 | Coyotito Gray (BAH) | 59.42 | Jonathan Ramírez (MEX) | 56.40 |
| Decathlon | José Moreno (CUB) | 6481 | Alexander Copello (CUB) | 6102 | Rolando Ubarri (PUR) | 5964 |
| 10,000 metres track walk | Arturo Chora (MEX) | 43:59.23 | Loisel Gutiérrez (MEX) | 45:49.11 | David Reyes (GUA) | 47:33.56 |
| 4 × 100 metres relay | Cuba
Joan Lino Martínez
Grabiel González
Martínez
Misael Ortíz | 40.11 | Jamaica
Roy Bailey
David Spencer
S. Newton
Russell Brown | 41.00 | Bahamas
Dominic Demeritte
Agarette Evans
Osbourne Moxey
Avard Moncur | 41.51 |
| 4 × 400 metres relay | Jamaica
Ainsley Waugh
Michael Campbell
Kurt Duncan
Rohan McDonald | 3:09.67 | Dominican Republic
Carlos Santa
Charly Reyes
Didris Contreras
Oscar Valdés | 3:13.99 | Puerto Rico
Luis Daniel Soto
Brian Arden
Jesús Feliciano
Miguel Cosme | 3:15.83 |

### Female Junior A (under 20)

| Event | Gold | | Silver | | Bronze | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 100 metres
(0.7 m/s) | Sonia Williams (ATG) | 11.49 | Saran Patterson (JAM) | 11.56 | Yoryet Frómeta (CUB) | 11.68 |
| 200 metres
(0.6 m/s) | Sonia Williams (ATG) | 23.96 | Yoryet Frómeta (CUB) | 24.28 | Tanya Oxley (BAR) | 24.56 |
| 400 metres | Mairelín Fuentes (CUB) | 54.63 | Yudalis Díaz (CUB) | 54.87 | Sherlene Williams (BAR) | 55.45 |
| 800 metres | Mairelín Fuentes (CUB) | 2:08.80 | Ana Guevara (MEX) | 2:09.80 | Yanelis Lara (CUB) | 2:10.70 |
| 1500 metres | Yanelis Lara (CUB) | 4:30.10 | Mónica Martell (MEX) | 4:30.61 | Karla Betancourt (MEX) | 4:30.67 |
| 5000 metres | Mónica Martell (MEX) | 17:28.53 | Evelyn Rojas (CRC) | 17:36.03 | Fanny González (DOM) | 17:47.47 |
| 100 metres hurdles
(0.8 m/s) | Katia Brito (CUB) | 14.00 | Nohadis Ferrera (CUB) | 14.54 | Ayanna Buchannon (JAM) | 14.77 |
| 400 metres hurdles | Yasnay Lescay (CUB) | 58.62 | Tanya Jarrett (JAM) | 59.51 | Nerelis Rodríguez (CUB) | 60.16 |
| High jump | Yasnay Lescay (CUB) | 1.80 | Yanisleidi Fernández (CUB) | 1.77 | Keisha Spencer (JAM) | 1.71 |
| Long jump | Dolette Blake (JAM) | 6.07 | Michelle Baptiste (LCA) | 5.99 | Niurka Barthelemy (CUB) | 5.76 |
| Triple jump | Rachel Spencer (CUB) | 12.89 | Yaquelín Iglesias (CUB) | 12.51 | Christine Brown (JAM) | 12.44 |
| Shot put | Misleydis González (CUB) | 14.54 | Antuanett Depestre (CUB) | 14.22 | Doris Thompson (BAH) | 13.98 |
| Discus throw | Yania Ferrales (CUB) | 48.54 | Yuneidis Bonne (CUB) | 46.26 | Doris Thompson (BAH) | 41.86 |
| Hammer throw | Violeta Guzmán (MEX) | 51.46 | Alberta González (MEX) | 40.00 | Selene Girón (DOM) | 33.22 |
| Javelin throw | Osleidys Menéndez (CUB) | 59.98 | Nora Bicet (CUB) | 53.64 | Marisela Robles (DOM) | 49.06 |
| Heptathlon | Sheila Acosta (PUR) | 4749 | Yudelis Castañeda (CUB) | 4699 | Yamilé Paumier (CUB) | 4605 |
| 5000 metres track walk | Abigail Sáenz (MEX) | 23:30.88 | Misleidis Vargas (CUB) | 24:36.12 | Mayra Estrada (PUR) | 27:21.33 |
| 4 × 100 metres relay | Cuba
Yudalis Díaz
Nohadis Ferrera
Katia Brito
Prometa | 46.25 | Puerto Rico
Colón
Heysha Ortíz
Jennifer Caraballo
Zuleika Almodóvar | 47.05 | Dominican Republic
Peña
Pérez
Santa Medina
Nivar | 47.37 |
| 4 × 400 metres relay | Jamaica
Mashire Harrison
Michelle Burgher
Tamara Edgar
Aleen Bailey | 3:41.99 | Mexico
Ana Guevara
Dulce María Cruz
Renata Pérez
Sheila Ramírez | 3:47.96 | Barbados
Tanya Oxley
Nathalie Smith
Julia Lewis
Sherlene Williams | 3:48.76 |

### Male Junior B (under 17)

| Event | Gold | | Silver | | Bronze | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 100 metres
(1.3 m/s) | Joseph Colville (CRC) | 10.92 | José Meneses (GUA) | 11.00 | Yoel Baéz (DOM) | 11.12 |
| 200 metres
(-0.6 m/s) | Joseph Colville (CRC) | 22.09 | Jesús Torres (PUR) | 22.20 | José Meneses (GUA) | 22.22 |
| 400 metres | Carlon Harrison (JAM) | 48.62 | O'Neil Wright (JAM) | 49.38 | Santos Mercado (DOM) | 49.44 |
| 800 metres | Carlon Harrison (JAM) | 1:55.64 | Heleodoro Navarro (MEX) | 1:56.45 | Presley Cherubin (BAR) | 1:57.70 |
| 1500 metres | Heleodoro Navarro (MEX) | 4:05.39 | Omar Hermes (MEX) | 4:06.97 | Billy de Jesús (PUR) | 4:11.85 |
| 3000 metres | Marcelo Neri (MEX) | 9:07.30 | Freddy Velázquez (GUA) | 9:13.95 | Michel Sarría (CUB) | 9:14.86 |
| 2000 metres steeplechase | Omar Hermes (MEX) | 6:19.04 | Lenín Blanco (MEX) | 6:27.58 | Ángel Rivera (PUR) | 6:28.58 |
| 100 metres hurdles
(2.0 m/s) | Quayne Baccas (JAM) | 13.52 | Dwight Thomas (JAM) | 13.69 | Danny Menjivar (ESA) | 14.17 |
| 400 metres hurdles | O'Neil Wright (JAM) | 54.03 | Miguel García (DOM) | 54.81 | Carlos Sánchez (MEX) | 54.95 |
| High jump | Kevin Cumberbatch (BAR) | 1.95 | Jürgen Hagerdorn (MEX) | 1.95 | Ariel Cintras (CUB) | 1.90 |
| Pole vault | William Gutiérrez (CUB) | 3.70 |  |  |  |  |
| Long jump | Maurice Clarke (BAR) | 7.21 | Aundre Edwards (JAM) | 7.10 | Dwight Barrett (JAM) | 7.09 |
| Triple jump | Maurice Clarke (BAR) | 13.90 | Alexis Fernández (CUB) | 13.87 | Julio Gloria (DOM) | 13.51 |
| Shot put | Manuel Repollet (PUR) | 15.60 | Luis Lora (MEX) | 15.24 | Víctor Bisbal (PUR) | 15.21 |
| Discus throw | Loy Martínez (CUB) | 47.58 | Juan Martínez (MEX) | 42.38 | Víctor Bisbal (PUR) | 40.48 |
| Hammer throw | Karel Falls (CUB) | 49.52 | Maikel Vidal (CUB) | 46.90 | Luis Vega (PUR) | 46.14 |
| Javelin throw | Elier Duharte (CUB) | 55.00 | Ruslan Salcedo (CUB) | 54.90 | Richard Rock (BAR) | 51.30 |
| Heptathlon | Alejandro Maldonado (PUR) | 4105 | Karim Baray (MEX) | 4023 | Jorge Galván (MEX) | 3948 |
| 5000 metres track walk | César Cuel (MEX) | 23:02.98 | Alejandro Reséndiz (MEX) | 23:04.34 | William Portillo (ESA) | 25:04.18 |
| 4 × 100 metres relay | Jamaica
Christopher McKenzie
Clarke
Dwight Thomas
Dwight Barrett | 42.39 | Puerto Rico
Luis Flores
Ayala
Jesús Torres
Gybson | 43.05 | Dominican Republic
Yoel Baéz
de la Cruz
Miguel García
Rutinel | 43.36 |
| 4 × 400 metres relay | Jamaica
Carlon Harrison
Montique
O'Neil Wright
Aldwyn Sappleton | 3:20.59 | Puerto Rico
Luis Flores
Jairo Velázquez
Zayas
Jesús Torres | 3:26.24 | El Salvador
Francisco Yosihara
Juan Pablo Tutila
Manuel Umaña
Danny Menjivar | 3:34.68 |

### Female Junior B (under 17)

| Event | Gold | | Silver | | Bronze | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 100 metres
(0.7 m/s) | Aleen Bailey (JAM) | 11.75 | Marcia Dorsett (BAH) | 11.95 | Lucyann Richards (BAR) | 12.18 |
| 200 metres | Aleen Bailey (JAM) | 24.50 | Lucyann Richards (BAR) | 24.78 | Keisha Robb (JAM) | 24.95 |
| 400 metres | Keisha Downer (JAM) | 55.53 | Ronetta Smith (JAM) | 56.13 | Zolveik Ruíz (PAN) | 57.35 |
| 800 metres | Niuvis Pie (CUB) | 2:14.34 | Yaima Millares (CUB) | 2:16.31 | Fabiola Sáenz (MEX) | 2:16.48 |
| 1200 metres | Niuvis Pie (CUB) | 3:31.04 | Yaima Millares (CUB) | 3:34.96 | Fabiola Sáenz (MEX) | 3:40.04 |
| 100 metres hurdles
(-0.2 m/s) | Yusleidis Chacón (CUB) | 14.25 | Natalie Dawkins (JAM) | 14.29 | Yanina Semanat (CUB) | 14.47 |
| 300 metres hurdles | Yaniuska Pérez (CUB) | 42.71 | Andrea Bliss (JAM) | 43.28 | Jaeli Najar (MEX) | 44.70 |
| High jump | Lizette Castillo (MEX) | 1.65 | Celly Martínez (MEX) | 1.65 | Shelly-Ann Gallimore (JAM) | 1.65 |
| Long jump | Andrea Bliss (JAM) | 5.49 | Mauralis Tachel (CUB) | 5.41 | Erika Escalante (MEX) | 5.25 |
| Shot put | Yaima Castro (CUB) | 12.55 | Tania Bell (CUB) | 11.70 | Rocío González (MEX) | 11.64 |
| Discus throw | Yaima Castro (CUB) | 38.02 | Mitzel Pérez (MEX) | 34.92 | Nahomy Pérez (PUR) | 34.80 |
| Javelin throw | Tania Bell (CUB) | 42.06 | Leida Paulino (DOM) | 39.70 | Karina Castañeda (MEX) | 35.28 |
| Pentathlon | Solángel Rubio (MEX) | 3243 | Damaris Diana (PUR) | 3158 | Dianelis Delís (CUB) | 3145 |
| 4000 metres Track Walk | Natalia García (MEX) | 21:31.1 | Vianey Pedraza (MEX) | 22:03.4 | Alejandra León (ESA) | 23:15.5 |
| 4 × 100 metres relay | Jamaica
Aleen Bailey
Keisha Robb
Kareecia Thompson
Veronica Campbell | 46.31 | Cuba
Yaniuska Pérez
Yusleidis Chacón
Yaniro
Miladis Lazo | 47.98 | Mexico
Amiel Ruíz
Erika Escalante
Ruth Grajeda
Astrid Stoopen | 48.21 |
| 4 × 400 metres relay | Jamaica
Keasha Downer
Robathon
Andrea Bliss
Ronetta Smith | 3:45.51 | Barbados
Sheena Gooding
Renee Layne
Lucy-Ann Richards
Letitia Gilkes | 3:55.00 | Mexico
Fabiola Sáenz
Michelle Barraza
Jaeli Najar
Ana Medina | 3:57.53 |

## Medal table (unofficial)

*   Host nation (El Salvador)

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Cuba (CUB) | 33 | 26 | 11 | 70 |
| 2 | Jamaica (JAM) | 20 | 9 | 9 | 38 |
| 3 | Mexico (MEX) | 15 | 19 | 16 | 50 |
| 4 | Puerto Rico (PUR) | 3 | 8 | 12 | 23 |
| 5 | Barbados (BAR) | 3 | 2 | 7 | 12 |
| 6 | Costa Rica (CRC) | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 |
| 7 | Antigua and Barbuda (ATG) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 8 | Bahamas (BAH) | 0 | 5 | 4 | 9 |
| 9 | Dominican Republic (DOM) | 0 | 3 | 9 | 12 |
| 10 | Guatemala (GUA) | 0 | 3 | 2 | 5 |
| 11 | Saint Lucia (LCA) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 12 | El Salvador (ESA)* | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 13 | Panama (PAN) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (13 entries) | | 78 | 77 | 77 | 232 |

## Participation (unofficial)

Anguilla and Aruba competed for the first time at the championships. Detailed result lists can be found on the World Junior Athletics History website. An unofficial count yields a new record number of about 524 athletes (293 junior (under-20) and 231 youth (under-17)) from about 20 countries:

## InfoBox

| XII Central American and Caribbean Junior Championships | |
| --- | --- |
| Dates | 14–16 July |
| Host city | San Salvador, El Salvador |
| Level | Junior and Youth |
| Events | 78
(41 junior,
37 youth) |
| Participation | about 524
(293 junior,
231 youth) athletes from
20 nations |
| 1994 Port of Spain 1998 Grand Cayman | |


title: Fair & Square (John Prine album)

abstract: Fair & Square is the 15th studio album by American folk singer-songwriter John Prine, released on Oh Boy Records in 2005. It was rereleased in 2007 as a vinyl double-LP with four more bonus tracks, and in 2008 those four tracks were rereleased as an EP. At the 48th Grammy Awards, Fair & Square won the Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Folk Album.

text:
# Fair & Square (John Prine album)

***Fair & Square*** is the 15th studio album by American folk singer-songwriter John Prine, released on Oh Boy Records in 2005. It was rereleased in 2007 as a vinyl double-LP with four more bonus tracks, and in 2008 those four tracks were rereleased as an EP.

At the 48th Grammy Awards, *Fair & Square* won the Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Folk Album.

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| Robert Christgau |  |
| Freight Train Boogie |  |

Writing for AllMusic, critic Mark Deming wrote of the album "...the man on Fair and Square seems a good bit less scrappy and more contemplative than the guy who cut Prine's most memorable material... for the most part this album is an unusually spare and subdued effort from an artist who usually can't help but crack a smile; with any luck he'll be feeling a bit more hopeful next time out, though this is still great music for a quiet afternoon." Music critic Bill Frater wrote "There is a timeless quality to his songwriting style. He claims that the words just come to him without him having to do anything, but just write ‘em down. I don't doubt it; even random words like Constantinople can work if the right writer hears it. John Prine is indeed a songwriter's songwriter and we all should be so honest and trusting." Music critic Robert Christgau gave the album a 3-star Honorable Mention rating but 15 years later admitted that he underrated it.

## Track listing

All tracks composed by John Prine, except where indicated:

1. "Glory of True Love" (Prine, Roger Cook) – 4:12
2. "Crazy as a Loon" (Prine, Pat McLaughlin) – 5:03
3. "Long Monday" (Prine, Keith Sykes) – 3:22
4. "Taking a Walk" (Prine, McLaughlin) – 6:09
5. "Some Humans Ain't Human" – 7:03
6. "My Darlin' Hometown" (Prine, Roger Cook) – 3:14
7. "Morning Train" (Prine, McLaughlin) – 4:02
8. "The Moon Is Down" – 3:47
9. "Clay Pigeons" (Blaze Foley) – 4:27
10. "She Is My Everything" – 4:25
11. "I Hate It When That Happens to Me" (Prine, Donnie Fritts) – 2:49
12. "Bear Creek Blues" (A. P. Carter) – 4:45

Bonus tracks:

13. "Other Side of Town" (Live recording) – 4:53

14. "Safety Joe" – 3:58

The following bonus tracks are also found on the 2007 vinyl rerelease and on a 2008 EP:

1. "Carousel of Love"
2. "That's Alright By Me" (Prine, McLaughlin)
3. "That's How Every Empire Falls" (R.B. Morris)
4. "Dual Custody" (Prine, Roger Cook)

## Personnel

## Chart positions

| Year | Chart | Position |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2005 | *Billboard* 200 | 55 |
| | *Billboard* Top Independent albums | 2 |
| | *Billboard* Top Internet albums | 55 |
|

## Cover versions

## InfoBox

| Fair & Square | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by John Prine | |
| Released | April 26, 2005 |
| Recorded | 2002-05 |
| Studio |  |
| Genre | Country folk, Americana |
| Label | Oh Boy |
| Producer | John Prine, Gary Paczosa |
| John Prine chronology | |
| *Souvenirs*
(2000) ***Fair & Square***
(2005) *Standard Songs for Average People*
(2007) | |


title: BJJR Bulldog

abstract: The BJJR Bulldog is a British autogyro under development by BJJR of Derby and publicly introduced at the AERO Friedrichshafen airshow in 2015. The company was founded in 2014 by Barry Jones and James Robb. The aircraft is intended to be supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

text:
# BJJR Bulldog

The **BJJR Bulldog** is a British autogyro under development by BJJR of Derby and publicly introduced at the AERO Friedrichshafen airshow in 2015. The company was founded in 2014 by Barry Jones and James Robb. The aircraft is intended to be supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

## Design and development

The Bulldog features a single main rotor, a two-seats-in tandem open cockpit with two windshields, conventional landing gear and a nine-cylinder, air-cooled, four-stroke, dual-ignition 150 hp (112 kW) Rotec R3600 radial engine in tractor configuration. The aircraft fuselage is made from composite materials.

Styled as a 1930s aircraft, the design employs an unusual curved main rotor mast that also serves as a vertical stabilizer.

## Specifications (Bulldog)

*Data from* Tacke

**General characteristics**

* **Crew:** one
* **Capacity:** one passenger
* **Gross weight:** 600 kg (1,323 lb)
* **Powerplant:** 1 × Rotec R3600 nine cylinder, air-cooled, four-stroke, dual-ignition radial engine, 110 kW (150 hp)
* **Propellers:** 2-bladed wooden, fixed pitch

## InfoBox

| Bulldog | |
| --- | --- |
| Role | Autogyro |
| National origin | United Kingdom |
| Manufacturer | BJJR |
| Introduction | 2015 |
| Status | Under development (2015) |


title: 2009–10 Irish League Cup

abstract: The 2009–10 Irish League Cup was the 24th edition of the Irish League Cup, Northern Ireland's secondary football knock-out cup competition. The tournament started on 28 August 2009 with the first round and ended on 27 March 2010 with the Final. The cup was contested by the 12 members of the IFA Premiership and the 14 members of IFA Championship 1. Portadown were the defending champions after their second League Cup win last season; a 1–0 victory over Newry City in the previous final. This season however, they went out at the semi-final stage to eventual winners Glentoran, who defeated Coleraine 4–1 on penalties in the final after the game finished 2–2 following extra time. This was Glentoran's seventh League Cup win, and the eleventh time in thirteen years that the cup had been won by one of Belfast's Big Two.

text:
# 2009–10 Irish League Cup

The **2009–10 Irish League Cup** (known as the **Co-operative Insurance Cup** for sponsorship reasons) was the 24th edition of the Irish League Cup, Northern Ireland's secondary football knock-out cup competition. The tournament started on 28 August 2009 with the first round and ended on 27 March 2010 with the Final. The cup was contested by the 12 members of the IFA Premiership and the 14 members of IFA Championship 1.

Portadown were the defending champions after their second League Cup win last season; a 1–0 victory over Newry City in the previous final. This season however, they went out at the semi-final stage to eventual winners Glentoran, who defeated Coleraine 4–1 on penalties in the final after the game finished 2–2 following extra time. This was Glentoran's seventh League Cup win, and the eleventh time in thirteen years that the cup had been won by one of Belfast's Big Two.

## First round

The first legs were played on 28, 29 August and 1 October 2009. The second legs were played on 7 and 22 September 2009.

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Ballyclare Comrades | 3–5 | **Carrick Rangers** | 2–3 | 1–2 |
| Ballymoney United | 0–1 | **Larne** | 0–0 | 0–1 |
| Bangor | 2–3 | **Ballinamallard United** | 1–0 | 1–3 |
| Coagh United | 4–7 | **Ards** | 2–4 | 2–3 |
| **Donegal Celtic** | 4–2 | Loughgall | 2–1 | 2–1 |
| **Limavady United** | 5–1 | Glebe Rangers | 2–0 | 3–1 |

## Second round

The first legs were played on 26 September 2009. The second legs were played on 6 and 7 October 2009.

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Carrick Rangers | 1–7 | **Limavady United** | 0–1 | 1–6 |
| Ards | 2–2 () | **Ballinamallard United** | 1–2 | 1–0 |
| Banbridge Town | 0–8 | **Larne** | 0–5 | 0–3 |
| Armagh City | 0–6 | **Donegal Celtic** | 0–3 | 0–3 |

## Third round

In this round entered winners from the previous round together with all 12 teams from IFA Premiership. The first legs were played on 31 October and 10 November 2009. The second legs were played 10 November and 1 December 2009.

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Donegal Celtic | 1–3 | **Cliftonville** | 0–1 | 1–2 |
| **Dungannon Swifts** | 8–4 | Larne | 3–1 | 5–3 |
| **Glentoran** | 5–4 | Glenavon | 2–2 | 3–2 |
| **Institute** | 4–2 | Ballymena United | 2–1 | 2–1 |
| Newry City | 1–1 () | **Linfield** | 1–1 | 0–0 |
| **Portadown** | 6–4 | Crusaders | 2–1 | 4–3 |
| **Ballinamallard United** | 1–0 | Limavady United | 0–0 | 1–0 |
| Lisburn Distillery | 1–1 (4–5 ) | **Coleraine** | 1–0 | 0–1 (aet) |

## Quarter-finals

The first legs were played on 5 December 2009. The second legs were played on 15 December 2009.

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Glentoran** | 2–2 () | Linfield | 0–1 | 2–1 |
| Ballinamallard United | 3–6 | **Portadown** | 0–5 | 3–1 |
| Cliftonville | 3–4 | **Coleraine** | 2–3 | 1–1 |
| **Dungannon Swifts** | 7–2 | Institute | 6–2 | 1–0 |

## Semi-finals

| Glentoran | 1 – 0 | Portadown |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Waterworth  20' | Report |  |

Windsor Park, BelfastReferee: Adrian McCourt

---

| Coleraine | 2 – 0 | Dungannon Swifts |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Patterson  24'
Carson  60' | Report |  |

The Oval, BelfastReferee: David Malcolm

## Final

| Coleraine | 2 – 2 (a.e.t.) | Glentoran |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Boyce  7'
Patterson  32' | Report | Martyn  6'
Nixon  45' |
| Penalties | | |
| Canning
McVey
Boyce | 14 | Hamilton
Neill
Fordyce
Burrows |

Windsor Park, BelfastReferee: Mark Courtney

## InfoBox

2009–10 Irish League Cup
| Co-operative Insurance Cup | |
| --- | --- |
| Tournament details | |
| Country | Northern Ireland |
| Teams | 26 |
| Defending champions | Portadown |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | Glentoran (7th win) |
| Runner-up | Coleraine |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 47 |
| Goals scored | 145 (3.09 per match) |
|  | |


title: From Bethlehem to Oblivion

abstract: From Bethlehem to Oblivion is the first EP and fourth release overall by Rockville, Maryland band Polkadot Cadaver.

text:
# From Bethlehem to Oblivion

**From Bethlehem to Oblivion** is the first EP and fourth release overall by Rockville, Maryland band Polkadot Cadaver.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "You Don't Deserve a Goddamn Thing for Christmas" | 2:13 |
| 2. | "Christmas Angel" | 3:50 |
| 3. | "Blue Christmas" | 2:29 |
| 4. | "Sad Christmas Clown" | 2:29 |
| 5. | "Worship the Sun" | 3:18 |
| 6. | "12 Days of Christmas, Repent!" | 3:35 |
| Total length: | | 17:24 |

Track three written by Billy Hayes and Jay W. Johnson, track six is a rewrite by Polkadot Cadaver of the song The Twelve Days of Christmas, originally a traditional by Frederic Austin song with lines added by the band. All other songs written by Polkadot Cadaver.

## Members

**Current Members**

## InfoBox

| From Bethlehem to Oblivion | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| EP by Polkadot Cadaver | |
| Released | December 10, 2013 |
| Recorded | Wrightway Studios, Baltimore |
| Genre | Avant-garde metal, acoustic rock |
| Length | 17:24 |
| Label | Razor to Wrist |
| Producer | Polkadot Cadaver |
| Polkadot Cadaver chronology | |
| *Last Call in Jonestown*
(2013) ***From Bethlehem to Oblivion***
(2013) *Get Possessed*
(2017) | |


title: 2008 Tour of the Basque Country

abstract: The 2008 Tour of the Basque Country, the 65th edition of the Tour of the Basque Country stage cycling race, took place from 7 April to 12 April 2008. It was won by Spanish rider Alberto Contador of Astana.

text:
# 2008 Tour of the Basque Country

The **2008 Tour of the Basque Country**, the 65th edition of the Tour of the Basque Country stage cycling race, took place from 7 April to 12 April 2008. It was won by Spanish rider Alberto Contador of Astana.

## Stages

### Stage 1

**7 April 2008 - Legazpi to Legazpi, 137 km (85 mi)**

| **Stage 1 Results**   Cyclist Team Time  **1**  **Alberto Contador (ESP)**  **Astana** **3h 39' 22"**  **2**  Ezequiel Mosquera (ESP) Karpin–Galicia \+ 3"  **3**  David Herrero (ESP) Karpin–Galicia \+ 8"  **4**  Damiano Cunego (ITA) Lampre \+ 8"  **5**  Riccardo Riccò (ITA) Saunier Duval–Scott \+ 8" |  | **General Classification after Stage 1**   Cyclist Team Time  **1**  **Alberto Contador (ESP)**  **Astana** **3h 39' 22"**  **2**  Ezequiel Mosquera (ESP) Karpin–Galicia \+ 3"  **3**  David Herrero (ESP) Karpin–Galicia \+ 8"  **4**  Damiano Cunego (ITA) Lampre \+ 8"  **5**  Riccardo Riccò (ITA) Saunier Duval–Scott \+ 8" |
| --- | --- | --- |

### Stage 2

**8 April 2008 - Legazpi to Erandio, 153 km (95 mi)**

| **Stage 2 Results**   Cyclist Team Time  **1**  **Kim Kirchen (LUX)** **Team High Road** **3h 40' 42"**  **2**  Paolo Bettini (ITA) Quick-Step s.t.  **3**  David Herrero (ESP) Karpin–Galicia s.t.  **4**  Rinaldo Nocentini (ITA) Ag2r–La Mondiale s.t.  **5**  Damiano Cunego (ITA) Lampre s.t. |  | **General Classification after Stage 2**   Cyclist Team Time  **1**  **Alberto Contador (ESP)**  **Astana** **7h 20' 04"**  **2**  Ezequiel Mosquera (ESP) Karpin–Galicia \+ 3"  **3**  David Herrero (ESP) Karpin–Galicia \+ 8"  **4**  Damiano Cunego (ITA) Lampre \+ 8"  **5**  Peter Velits (SVK) Team Milram \+ 8" |
| --- | --- | --- |

### Stage 3

**9 April 2008 - Erandio to Viana, 195 km (121 mi)**

| **Stage 3 Results**   Cyclist Team Time  **1**  **David Herrero (ESP)**  **Karpin–Galicia** **4h 54' 24"**  **2**  Luis León Sánchez (ESP) Caisse d'Epargne s.t.  **3**  Paolo Bettini (ITA) Quick-Step s.t.  **4**  Leonardo Duque (COL) Cofidis s.t.  **5**  Michael Albasini (SUI) Liquigas s.t. |  | **General Classification after Stage 3**   Cyclist Team Time  **1**  **Alberto Contador (ESP)**  **Astana** **12h 14' 28"**  **2**  Ezequiel Mosquera (ESP) Karpin–Galicia \+ 3"  **3**  David Herrero (ESP) Karpin–Galicia \+ 8"  **4**  Damiano Cunego (ITA) Lampre \+ 8"  **5**  Kim Kirchen (LUX) Team High Road \+ 8" |
| --- | --- | --- |

### Stage 4

**10 April 2008 - Viana to Vitoria-Gasteiz, 171 km (106 mi)**

| **Stage 4 Results**   Cyclist Team Time  **1**  **Kim Kirchen (LUX)** **Team High Road** **4h 17' 33"**   **2**  Morris Possoni (ITA) Team High Road s.t.  **3**  David Herrero (ESP) Karpin–Galicia s.t.  **4**  Michael Albasini (SUI) Liquigas s.t.  **5**  Matthew Lloyd (AUS) Silence–Lotto s.t. |  | **General Classification after Stage 4**   Cyclist Team Time  **1**  **Alberto Contador (ESP)**  **Astana** **16h 32' 01"**  **2**  Ezequiel Mosquera (ESP) Karpin–Galicia \+ 3"  **3**  David Herrero (ESP) Karpin–Galicia \+ 8"  **4**  Damiano Cunego (ITA) Lampre \+ 8"  **5**  Kim Kirchen (LUX) Team High Road \+ 8" |
| --- | --- | --- |

### Stage 5

**11 April 2008 - Vitoria-Gasteiz to Orio, 162 km (101 mi)**

| **Stage 5 Results**   Cyclist Team Time  **1**  **Damiano Cunego (ITA)** **Lampre** **4h 02' 48"**  **2**  Alberto Contador (ESP) Astana s.t.  **3**  ~~Thomas Dekker (NED)~~ Rabobank s.t.  **4**  Kim Kirchen (LUX) Team High Road s.t.  **5**  Davide Rebellin (ITA) Gerolsteiner s.t. |  | **General Classification after Stage 5**   Cyclist Team Time  **1**  **Alberto Contador (ESP)** **Astana** **20h 34' 49"**  **2**  Damiano Cunego (ITA) Lampre \+ 8"   **3**  Kim Kirchen (LUX) Team High Road \+ 8"  **4**  David Herrero (ESP) Karpin–Galicia \+ 8"  **5**  Cadel Evans (AUS) Silence–Lotto \+ 8" |
| --- | --- | --- |

### Stage 6

**12 April 2008 - Orio to Orio, 20 km (12 mi) (ITT)**

| **Stage 6 Results**   Cyclist Team Time  **1**  **Alberto Contador (ESP)** **Astana** **29' 10"**  **2**  Cadel Evans (AUS) Silence–Lotto \+ 22"  **3**  ~~Thomas Dekker (NED)~~ ~~Rabobank~~ \+ 27"  **4**  Damiano Cunego (ITA) Lampre \+ 49"  **5**  Robert Gesink (NED) Rabobank \+ 1' 16" |  | **General Classification after Stage 6**   Cyclist Team Time  **1**  **Alberto Contador (ESP)** **Astana** **21h 03' 59"**  **2**  Cadel Evans (AUS) Silence–Lotto \+ 30"  **3**  ~~Thomas Dekker (NED)~~ ~~Rabobank~~ \+ 35"  **4**  Damiano Cunego (ITA) Lampre \+ 57"  **5**  Maxime Monfort (BEL) Cofidis \+ 1' 25" |
| --- | --- | --- |

## General classification

|  | Cyclist | Team | Time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | **Alberto Contador (ESP)** | **Astana** | **21h 03' 59"** |
| **2** | Cadel Evans (AUS) | Silence–Lotto | \+ 30" |
| **3** | ~~Thomas Dekker (NED)~~ | ~~Rabobank~~ | \+ 35" |
| **4** | Damiano Cunego (ITA) | Lampre | \+ 57" |
| **5** | Maxime Monfort (BEL) | Cofidis | \+ 1' 25" |
| **6** | Mikel Astarloza (ESP) | Euskaltel–Euskadi | \+ 1' 37" |
| **7** | Kim Kirchen (LUX) | Team High Road | \+ 1' 43" |
| **8** | Sandy Casar (FRA) | Française des Jeux | \+ 2' 03" |
| **9** | Ezequiel Mosquera (ESP) | Karpin–Galicia | \+ 2' 03" |
| **10** | Fränk Schleck (LUX) | Team CSC | \+ 2' 05" |

## Jersey progress

| **Stage** | **Winner** | **General Classification** | **Points Classification** | **Mountains Classification** | **Metas Volantes Classification** | **Team Classification** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Alberto Contador | Alberto Contador | Alberto Contador | Egoi Martínez | Iban Mayoz | Saunier Duval–Scott |
| 2 | Kim Kirchen | | David Herrero | | | Lampre |
| 3 | David Herrero | | Saunier Duval–Scott | | |
| 4 | Kim Kirchen | || |
| 5 | Damiano Cunego | | Karpin–Galicia | | |
| 6 | Alberto Contador | | Damiano Cunego | | | Rabobank |
|

## Individual 2008 UCI ProTour standings after race

As of 13 April 2008, after the 2008 Tour of the Basque Country.

| Rank | Name | Team | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | André Greipel (GER) | Team High Road | 62 |
| 2 | Alberto Contador (ESP) | Astana | 58 |
| 3 | Stijn Devolder (BEL) | Quick-Step | 50 |
| 4 | José Joaquín Rojas (ESP) | Caisse d'Epargne | 45 |
| 5 | Cadel Evans (AUS) | Silence–Lotto | 42 |
| 6 | Óscar Freire (ESP) | Rabobank | 40 |
| 7 | Nick Nuyens (BEL) | Cofidis | 40 |
| 8 | ~~Thomas Dekker (NED)~~ | ~~Rabobank~~ | 37 |
| 9 | Juan Antonio Flecha (ESP) | Rabobank | 35 |
| 10 | Damiano Cunego (ITA) | Lampre | 33 |
| 11 | Aurélien Clerc (SUI) | Bouygues Télécom | 30 |
| 12 | Alessandro Ballan (ITA) | Lampre | 30 |

## InfoBox

2008 Tour of the Basque Country
| 2008 UCI ProTour, race 3 of 15 | |
| --- | --- |
| Race details | |
| Dates | 7 April12 April |
| Stages | 6 |
| Distance | 838 km (520.7 mi) |
| Winning time | 21h 03' 59" |
| Results | |
| Winner  Alberto Contador (ESP)  (Astana)  Second  Cadel Evans (AUS)  (Silence–Lotto)  Third  Damiano Cunego (ITA)  (Lampre)   ---  Points  Damiano Cunego (ITA)  (Lampre)  Mountains  Egoi Martínez (ESP)  (Euskaltel–Euskadi)  Sprints  Iban Mayoz (ESP)  (Karpin–Galicia)  Team  Rabobank | |
|


title: Five on a Secret Trail

abstract: Five on a Secret Trail is the fifteenth novel in the Famous Five series by Enid Blyton. It was first published in 1956.

text:
# Five on a Secret Trail

***Five on a Secret Trail*** is the fifteenth novel in the Famous Five series by Enid Blyton. It was first published in 1956.

## Plot

George decides to go camping with her dog, Timmy, so he can recover from an ear injury without being mocked for wearing a large cardboard collar that prevents him from scratching his wound. George is pleased to be joined at the campsite by her cousin Anne, but is disappointed upon learning that Anne's brothers, Julian and Dick, are in France and thus, would not be able to visit them.

George and Anne encounter a boy named Guy, the son of a famous archaeologist named Sir John Lawdler, and his small, one-eyed mongrel dog called Jet. The boy is excavating an old Roman camp to search for artefacts and asks the girls not to disturb him. Later that day, the boy's twin brother named Harry (which is later revealed) comes to the area, but the girls mistake him for the first boy, unaware they are dealing with twins. This made the girls confused, as the first boy who was at a different place, and would double-up and reach another place, where the girls are at (This makes a huge confusion as they think that he is just one crazy, mad boy, who likes to say things and make promises and later to say that he didn't make such promises or so).Later that night, Anne gets up for a drink from the nearby stream and while trying to return to the camp, she ends up near a derelict, ruined cottage, where she sees lights and hears whispers and footsteps. She gets scared and then takes George and Timmy to the cottage but there is no indication of any human activity.

The next day, the girls again encounter the twins separately. The girls then go to George's parents' house for more food supplies and are informed that Julian and Dick will be arriving in a day or two. The following night, a storm prompts the girls to shelter in the old cottage, where they are shocked to see people outside during the heavy storm and rain. The girls get scared, and Anne decides to leave the place the next day as she did not want to stay at the old cottage anymore.

Julian and Dick arrive the next day and notices the Anne and George are about to leave, the girls say about their reason for leaving the camp. Later, the four children decide to stay in the ruined cottage to see what would happen. That night, while sleeping in the old cottage they hear weeping and wailing noises and see some kind of light that makes them a bit afraid. The next morning, the four understands that someone was trying to get rid of them from the old cottage.

Julian and Dick decide to visit the old cottage that night, to find if there were any suspicious activity going on. They find that a gang of people are trying to find a secret tunnel in which a very precious blueprint was kept. The boys then declare their findings to the girls. Later George finds a clue to the secret tunnel and they go through a long and tiring tunnel and subsequently discovers a leather bag, that felt very light. Later, the five with Guy, Harry and Jet go to Kirrin Cottage. Later, a police officer arrives and opens the bag but finds nothing. Later, the police tear the lining of the bag and find a blueprint. Afterwards, Uncle Quentin reveals that it was a secret document which has only two copies in the world, one with himself and the other with Sir James Lawton-Harrison (which has been stolen).

Later, the five were supposed to get a reward although, very secretly. At last, it was shown that Timmy was scratching the wound on his ear making it go bad again, and he would have to wear the cardboard collar again, just as the story began with.

## InfoBox

Five On A Secret Trail
| First edition | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Enid Blyton |
| Illustrator | Eileen A. Soper |
| Language | English |
| Series | The Famous Five series |
| Genre | Mystery, Adventure novel |
| Publisher | Hodder & Stoughton |
| Publication date | 1956 |
| Publication place | United Kingdom |
| Media type | Print (hardcover and paperback) |
| Preceded by | *Five Have Plenty of Fun* |
| Followed by | *Five Go to Billycock Hill* |


title: Ashram (Balmiki)

abstract:
A Balmiki temple is called an Ashram, which means a hermitage or monastery. It is the communal house for Balmikis. The function of the Ashram is to serve as a center for building up devotees' commitment and for transmitting the Ramayana's message, and the focal point for the whole community to preserve their culture and traditions. For Balmikis communal prayer is not restricted to the confines of the Ashram, but can take place anywhere as long as the Ramayana is present.
However, when an Ashram is not within traveling distance, many Balmiki families will have a special room in their house containing a copy of the Ramayana which can be used for worship. When an Ashram is not available, Balmikis will hire a public building or use a private home as an Ashram.

text:
# Ashram (Balmiki)

A Balmiki temple is called an **Ashram,** which means a hermitage or monastery. It is the communal house for Balmikis. The function of the Ashram is to serve as a center for building up devotees' commitment and for transmitting the Ramayana's message, and the focal point for the whole community to preserve their culture and traditions.

For Balmikis communal prayer is not restricted to the confines of the Ashram, but can take place anywhere as long as the Ramayana is present. However, when an Ashram is not within traveling distance, many Balmiki families will have a special room in their house containing a copy of the Ramayana which can be used for worship.

When an Ashram is not available, Balmikis will hire a public building or use a private home as an Ashram.

## Features

All Balmiki Ashrams have a number of common features. For instance, the place of worship is always in a special room, and there are a number of other rooms set aside for special purposes. There is a Langar hall where all the devotees congregate for a meal, the community kitchen where devotees help to prepare food for the Langer, a classroom and library where the Ramayana is stocked for study and is used for teaching young children.

All Balmiki Ashrams display a special flag outside, called a **Nishan Sahib**, to indicated that it is a place of worship. The bow and arrows represent Valmiki’s disciples Lav and Kush.

There is a music room where musical instruments such as the Tabla are taught and hymns are practiced for worship. Finally, there is a special area for shoes and washing.

## Worship services

The Ashram is open to all who wish to enter, anyone who goes to the Ashram is welcome to stay as long as they wish and are welcome regardless of race, gender, caste or creed.

All Balmikis follow certain rules of conduct and before entering the worship room everyone is expected to remove their shoes as a sign of respect but also for general cleanliness. However, devotees may not enter the Ashram if they are carrying alcohol, drugs, or meat. As devotee enter the worship room they approach the Ramayana which is covered with an embroidered cloth and is kept on a platform covered with a special canopy.

Each devotee kneels before the Ramayana and makes their offering of prayer and money. It is not essential that devotees offer money and some may wish to donate food towards the Langar. The devotees then retreat to find a place to sit down. Usually a picture of Valmik is placed in front of the Ramayana to help focus concentration and incense sticks are lit to purify the air.

Everyone sits on the floor to show that everyone is equal in the eyes of God, regardless of whether they come from a rich or poor background. However, it is usually found that men and women sit separately. The women tend to sit on the left side of the room whilst the men sit on the right. There is no Balmiki religious significance for this except for Sikh traditional influence on the community.

There is no special day for worship during the week, but since work restricts one’s availability for worship, most Balmiki’s attend the Ashram on Sundays. Devotees are at liberty to come and go at any time during the Pooja service, which usually lasts about three hours.

The Pooja begins by everyone standing up to say a prayer which is called the *Ardas (Balmiki),* then the *Poojari'* (Priest) begins to read sections of the Ramayana.

At short intervals reading from the Ramayana will stop and devotees will be called to the platform to preach and sing hymns. At the end of the Pooja the whole congregation will stand and say a prayer called the **Arthi.**

The Arthi is followed by the distribution of Karah Prashad, which is made from flour, sugar, butter and water. Karah Parshad is given to each devotee who has come to hear the Ramayana. The food is taken from one bowl only and is a symbol of unity.

Eventually, all the devotees will congregate in the Langar hall, for a meal, for which no one has to pay. All are welcome to share the Langar, which is always vegetarian. Sharing of food together is designed to unite people from all sections of the society and to promote equality between all human beings.

In some Ashrams, a Guru Granth Sahib is kept alongside the Ramayana and Mazhabi Sikhs worship together with Balmikis.

## Ashrams in different countries

### Great Britain

In Britain, Ashrams come in various sizes. Some tend to be specially constructed, whilst others tend to be renovated buildings designed to enable the purpose of worship.


title: Astele armillata

abstract: Astele armillata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae.

text:
# Astele armillata

***Astele armillata*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae.

## Description

The length of this shell varies between 25 mm and 38 mm. The shell has a strictly conical shape. It is carinated, imperforate, and thin but rather solid. It is very pale yellowish or pinkish, with irregular, rather pale vertical bands of light yellowish-brown, often broken into maculations, and radiating on the base. The surface is shining, with numerous spiral granose lirae. There are seven lirae on the penultimate whorl, on the antepenultimate, and on the upper surface of the body whorl. And sometimes these three whorls (or the last one) show interstitial threads between the granose lirae. The flat base of the shell has 12 or 13 concentric lirae, the several inner ones stronger, decidedly beaded, the 3 or 4 outer more separated, less beaded. The angular periphery is formed of a double beaded ridge, and on some specimens this projects a little at the sutures of the spire. The spire is conic, elevated, with straight lateral outlines. The shell contains nine whorls. The smooth apex is subacute. The two earlier whorls follow the apical are trilirate. The body whorl is angular at periphery, flat beneath, indented in the center around the insertion of the columella. The aperture is rhomboidal, oblique, angled on the outer part, above the angle thickened inside by a heavy callus or pearly submarginal deposit. The columella is oblique, arcuate and a trifle toothed at base.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off New South Wales, off Western Australia and off Tasmania

* Hombron J.B. & Jacquinot H. (1848 \[November\]). Atlas d'Histoire Naturelle. Zoologie par MM. Hombron et Jacquinot, chirurgiens de l'expédition. in: Voyage au Pôle Sud et dans l'Océanie sur les corvettes l'Astrolabe et la Zélée pendant les années 1837-1838-1839-1840 sous le commandement de M. Dumont-D'Urville capitaine de vaisseau publié sous les auspices du département de la marine et sous la direction supérieure de M. Jacquinot, capitaine de Vaisseau, commandant de La Zélée. Vingt-cinquiéme livraison. Mollusques pls 14, 16, 19, 22; Insectes lépidoptéres pl. 3.

## InfoBox

| *Astele armillata* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Shell of *Astele armillata* (syntype at MNHN, Paris) | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Vetigastropoda |
| Order: | Trochida |
| Superfamily: | Trochoidea |
| Family: | Calliostomatidae |
| Subfamily: | Calliostomatinae |
| Genus: | *Astele* |
| Species: | ***A. armillata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Astele armillata***<br>(Wood, 1828) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Astele armillatum* \[sic\] · unaccepted (incorrect gender ending) * *Calliostoma armillata* (W. Wood, 1828) * *Calliostoma meyeri* Philippi, 1848 * *Trochus armillatus* Wood, 1828 * *Trochus levis* Hombron & Jacquinot, 1848 · * *Trochus meyeri* Philippi, 1848 * *Ziziphinus euglyptus* Adams, A. in Adams, H.G. & A. Adams, 1854 | |


title: 1938 Washington Redskins season

abstract: The 1938 Washington Redskins season was the franchise's 7th season in the National Football League (NFL) and their 2nd in Washington, D.C. The team began trying to defend their championship and improve on their 8–3 record from 1937, but failed and missed the playoffs and finished 6–3–2.

text:
# 1938 Washington Redskins season

The **1938 Washington Redskins season** was the franchise's 7th season in the National Football League (NFL) and their 2nd in Washington, D.C. The team began trying to defend their championship and improve on their 8–3 record from 1937, but failed and missed the playoffs and finished 6–3–2.

## Draft

| **1938 Washington Redskins draft** | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Round | Pick | Player | Position | College | Notes |
| 1 | 9 | Andy Farkas * | Back | Detroit |  |
| 3 | 24 | Sam Chapman | Back | California |  |
| 5 | 39 | Dave Price | Center | Mississippi State |  |
| 6 | 49 | Elmer Dohrmann | End | Nebraska |  |
| 7 | 59 | Roy Young | Guard | Texas A&M |  |
| 8 | 69 | Bill Hartman | Fullback | Georgia |  |
| 9 | 79 | Ed Parks | Center | Oklahoma |  |
| 10 | 89 | Jack Abbott | Back | Elon |  |
| 11 | 99 | Dick Johnston | End | Washington |  |
| 12 | 109 | Hank Bartos | Guard | North Carolina |  |
| Made roster       Pro Football Hall of Fame    *   Made at least one Pro Bowl during career | | | | | |

## Schedule

| Week | Date | Opponent | Result | Record | Venue | Attendance | Recap |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | September 11 | at **Philadelphia Eagles** | **W** 26–23 | 1–0 | Philadelphia Municipal Stadium | 20,000 | Recap |
| 2 | September 18 | **Brooklyn Dodgers** | **T** 16–16 | 1–0–1 | Griffith Stadium | 23,000 | Recap |
| 3 | September 25 | Cleveland Rams | **W** 37–13 | 2–0–1 | Griffith Stadium | 27,000 | Recap |
| 4 | *Bye* | | | | | | |
| 5 | October 9 | **New York Giants** | **L** 7–10 | 2–1–1 | Griffith Stadium | 37,500 | Recap |
| 6 | October 16 | at Detroit Lions | **W** 7–5 | 3–1–1 | Briggs Stadium | 42,855 | Recap |
| 7 | October 23 | **Philadelphia Eagles** | **W** 20–14 | 4–1–1 | Griffith Stadium | 3,000 | Recap |
| 8 | October 30 | at **Brooklyn Dodgers** | **T** 6–6 | 4–1–2 | Ebbets Field | 29,913 | Recap |
| 9 | November 6 | at **Pittsburgh Pirates** | **W** 7–0 | 5–1–2 | Forbes Field | 12,910 | Recap |
| 10 | November 13 | at Chicago Bears | **L** 7–31 | 5–2–2 | Wrigley Field | 21,817 | Recap |
| 11 | *Bye* | | | | | | |
| 12 | November 27 | **Pittsburgh Pirates** | **W** 15–0 | 6–2–2 | Griffith Stadium | 12,910 | Recap |
| 13 | December 4 | at **New York Giants** | **L** 0–36 | 6–3–2 | Polo Grounds | 57,461 | Recap |
| **Note:** Intra-division opponents are in **bold** text. | | | | | | | |

## Standings

| NFL Eastern Division | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | W | L | T | PCT | DIV | PF | PA | STK |
| New York Giants | 8 | 2 | 1 | .800 | 5–2–1 | 194 | 79 | W1 |
| Washington Redskins | 6 | 3 | 2 | .667 | 4–2–2 | 148 | 154 | L1 |
| Brooklyn Dodgers | 4 | 4 | 3 | .500 | 3–2–3 | 131 | 161 | T1 |
| Philadelphia Eagles | 5 | 6 | 0 | .455 | 3–5 | 154 | 164 | W2 |
| Pittsburgh Pirates | 2 | 9 | 0 | .182 | 2–6 | 79 | 169 | L6 |

**Note:** Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.

## InfoBox

| 1938 Washington Redskins season | |
| --- | --- |
| Owner | George Preston Marshall |
| General manager | Jack Espey |
| Head coach | Ray Flaherty |
| Home field | Griffith Stadium |
| Results | |
| Record | 6–3–2 |
| Division place | 2nd NFL Eastern |
| Playoff finish | *Did not qualify* |
|


title: Faizzzwan Dorahim

abstract: Muhammad Faizzzwan bin Dorahim is a Malaysian footballer who plays as a defender for Malaysian Super League club PKNP.

text:
# Faizzzwan Dorahim

**Muhammad Faizzzwan bin Dorahim** (born 10 October 1995) is a Malaysian footballer who plays as a defender for Malaysian Super League club PKNP.

## InfoBox

Faizzzwan Dorahim
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Muhammad Faizzzwan bin Dorahim | | |
| Date of birth | (1995-10-27) 27 October 1995 | | |
| Place of birth | Perak, Malaysia | | |
| Height | 1.72 m (5 ft 8 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Defender | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | PKNP | | |
| Number | 14 | | |
| Youth career | | | |
|  | Perak | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2016–2017 | Perak | 0 | (0) |
| 2018– | PKNP | 17 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 21 July 2019 | | | |


title: Evektor VUT100 Cobra

abstract: The Evektor VUT100 Cobra is a Czech light aircraft under development by Evektor-Aerotechnik, of Kunovice. The aircraft is intended to be supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft. As of 2017 the manufacturer lists the aircraft as "in development".

text:
# Evektor VUT100 Cobra

The **Evektor VUT100 Cobra** (also called the **VUT 100** and **VUT-100**) is a Czech light aircraft under development by Evektor-Aerotechnik, of Kunovice. The aircraft is intended to be supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

As of 2017 the manufacturer lists the aircraft as "in development".

## Design and development

Around 1990, Czech company Moravan Otrokovice started a project to modernise its Zlín Z 42/Z 43 family of light aircraft. The redesign proved so complete that the company treated it as a new project with the designation **Z 90** and displayed a mockup of it at the 1991 Paris Air Show. However, market conditions at the time were unfavourable, and work on the Z 90 halted without the aircraft entering production. Some work that had been done on the Z 90 was used in the Kappa 77 KP 2U-SOVA ultralight design, which allowed aspects of the design to be proven in practice.

By 2001, the market for general aviation aircraft had recovered sufficiently for the Czech Ministry of Industry and Trade to sponsor a new project to continue development of the Z 90 under the name **VUT100**. This project would be a collaboration between different Czech aviation manufacturing companies and the Institute of Aerospace Engineering at the Brno University of Technology.

The aircraft features a cantilever low-wing, a four-seat enclosed cabin, retractable tricycle landing gear and a single engine in tractor configuration.

The VUT100 is a hybrid construction of metallic and composite materials. Its 10.2 m (33.5 ft) span wing has an area of 13.11 m2 (141.1 sq ft) and mounts flaps. The engines fitted vary, depending on the model and the cabin is 1.22 m (48 in) in width. The VUT100 is stressed for +3.8/-1.52 in the normal category and +4.4/-1.76g in the utility category.

Although designed to European CS-23 and American FAR-23 certification standards, the VUT100 does not currently have a type certificate issued by the European Aviation Safety Agency or the Federal Aviation Administration.

## Variants

Zlín Z 90 Original design from 1990; not built Evektor VUT100-120i Cobra Base model with a 200 hp (149 kW) Lycoming IO-360-A1B6 four-stroke powerplant, an empty weight of 830 kg (1,830 lb) and a gross weight of 1,330 kg (2,930 lb), giving a useful load of 500 kg (1,100 lb). Evektor VUT100-131i SuperCobra Higher powered model with a 315 hp (235 kW) Lycoming IO-580-B1A four-stroke powerplant, an empty weight of 880 kg (1,940 lb) and a gross weight of 1,450 kg (3,200 lb), giving a useful load of 570 kg (1,260 lb).

## Specifications (VUT100-131i SuperCobra)

*Data from* Bayerl and Evektor

**General characteristics**

* **Crew:** one
* **Capacity:** three passengers
* **Length:** 8.0 m (26 ft 3 in)
* **Wingspan:** 10.2 m (33 ft 6 in)
* **Wing area:** 13.11 m2 (141.1 sq ft)
* **Empty weight:** 880 kg (1,940 lb)
* **Gross weight:** 1,450 kg (3,197 lb)
* **Fuel capacity:** 340 litres (75 imp gal; 90 US gal)
* **Powerplant:** 1 × Lycoming IO-580-B1A six cylinder, air-cooled, four stroke aircraft engine, 235 kW (315 hp)
* **Propellers:** 3-bladed Hartzell Propeller HC-F3YR-1RF constant speed, 1.93 m (6 ft 4 in) diameter

**Performance**

* **Maximum speed:** 324 km/h (201 mph, 175 kn)
* **Stall speed:** 103 km/h (64 mph, 56 kn)
* **Never exceed speed:** 375 km/h (233 mph, 202 kn)
* **Range:** 1,830 km (1,140 mi, 990 nmi)
* **Endurance:** 6 hours
* **g limits:** +3.8/-1.52g (normal category), +4.4/-1.76g (utility category)
* **Rate of climb:** 7.6 m/s (1,500 ft/min)
* **Wing loading:** 110.6 kg/m2 (22.7 lb/sq ft)

## InfoBox

| VUT100 Cobra | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Role | Light aircraft |
| National origin | Czech Republic |
| Manufacturer | Evektor-Aerotechnik |
| Status | Under development (2017) |


title: From Beyond (Enforcer album)

abstract: From Beyond is the fourth album by Swedish heavy metal band Enforcer was released on February 27, 2015 through Nuclear Blast.

text:
# From Beyond (Enforcer album)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| Metal-Hammer.de |  |
| BW&BK |  |
| Rock Hard |  |

***From Beyond*** is the fourth album by Swedish heavy metal band Enforcer was released on February 27, 2015 through Nuclear Blast.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Destroyer" | 3:41 |
| 2. | "Undying Evil" | 3:53 |
| 3. | "From Beyond" | 3:22 |
| 4. | "One with Fire" | 2:52 |
| 5. | "Below the Slumber" | 6:21 |
| 6. | "Hungry They Will Come" | 4:32 |
| 7. | "The Banshee" | 4:17 |
| 8. | "Farewell" | 4:12 |
| 9. | "Hell Will Follow" | 3:19 |
| 10. | "Mask of Red Death" | 6:12 |

## Personnel

* Olof Wikstrand  vocals, rhythm guitar, lead guitar
* Joseph Tholl  lead guitar
* Jonas Wikstrand  drums
* Tobias Lindqvist  bass

## Chart performance

| Charts (2015) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| German Albums (Offizielle Top 100) | 84 |
| Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders) | 173 |

## InfoBox

| From Beyond | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Enforcer | |
| Released | February 27, 2015 (2015-02-27) |
| Recorded | August–November 2014 |
| Studio | Necromorbus Studios |
| Genre | Heavy metal |
| Length | 42:41 |
| Label | Nuclear Blast |
| Producer | Enforcer |
| Enforcer chronology | |
| *Death by Fire*
(2013) ***From Beyond***
(2015) *Live By Fire*
(2015) | |


title: 2008 Tour of Ireland

text:
# 2008 Tour of Ireland

The 2008 Tour of Ireland took place between Wednesday, August 27, 2008 to Sunday, August 31, 2008.

## Stages

| Stage | Route | Distance | Date | Winner | Team |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | DublinWaterford | 192 km (119 mi) | Wednesday, 27 August | Mark Cavendish | Team Columbia–High Road |
| 2 | ThurlesLoughrea | 158 km (98 mi) | Thursday, 28 August | Mark Cavendish | Team Columbia–High Road |
| 3 | BallinrobeGalway | 201 km (125 mi) | Friday, 29 August | Mark Cavendish | Team Columbia–High Road |
| 4 | LimerickDingle | 186 km (116 mi) | Saturday, 30 August | Russell Downing | Pinarello RT |
| 5 | KillarneyCork | 192 km (119 mi) | Sunday, 31 August | František Raboň | Team Columbia–High Road |

## Classification

### General Classification

| Rank | Rider | Team | Time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Marco Pinotti** | **Team Columbia** | **21h 43' 16"** |
| 2 | Russell Downing | Pinarello RT | \+ 19" |
| 3 | Julian Dean | Team Garmin–Chipotle | \+ 21" |
| 4 | Matt Wilson | Team Type 1 | \+ 33" |
| 5 | Michael Barry | Team Columbia | \+ 36" |
| 6 | Simon Clarke | SouthAustralia.com–AIS | \+ 37" |
| 7 | Lars Petter Nordhaug | Team Joker Bianchi | \+ 37″ |
| 8 | Gonzalo Rabuñal | Karpin–Galicia | \+ 38″ |
| 9 | Nikolas Maes | Topsport Vlaanderen | \+ 44″ |
| 10 | Kevin Evans | MTN Energade | \+ 44″ |

### Teams Classification

| Rank | Team | Time |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Team Columbia** | **65h 09' 29"** |
| 2 | Tinkoff Credit Systems | \+ 2' 36" |
| 3 | Topsport Vlaanderen | \+ 3' 01" |
| 4 | SouthAustralia.com–AIS | \+ 10' 24" |
| 5 | Team Type 1 | \+ 10' 37" |
| 6 | An Post–M.Donnelly–Grant Thornton–Sean Kelly | \+ 12' 21" |
| 7 | Rabobank | \+ 12' 37" |
| 8 | Karpin–Galicia | \+ 19' 25" |
| 9 | MTN Energade | \+ 24' 47" |
| 10 | Team Joker Bianchi | \+ 32' 07" |

## Jersey Progress

| **Stage
(Winner)** | **General Classification** | **Points Classification** | **Mountains Classification** | **Young Rider Classification** | **Team Classification** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Stage 1
(Mark Cavendish) | Mark Cavendish | Alexander Kristoff | Matt Wilson | Mark Cavendish | Topsport Vlaanderen |
| Stage 2
(Mark Cavendish) | | Mark Cavendish | | | |
| Stage 3
(Mark Cavendish) | || | |
| Stage 4
(Russell Downing) | | Russell Downing | | Gonzalo Rabuñal | |
| Stage 5
(František Raboň) | Marco Pinotti | Russell Downing | | Simon Clarke | Team Columbia |
| **Final** | **Marco Pinotti** | Russell Downing | Matt Wilson | Simon Clarke | Team Columbia |


title: FitzRandolph Gate

abstract: FitzRandolph Gate is a wrought-iron structure that serves as the official entrance of Princeton University, standing in front of Nassau Hall on Nassau Street in Princeton, New Jersey. The gate was funded by a bequest of Augustus Van Wickle in honor of his great-grandfather, Nathaniel FitzRandolph, who had donated to the university the land on which Nassau Hall sits. The gate was completed in 1905 and was designed by McKim, Mead & White. The gate remained closed and locked apart from graduation and the P-rade until 1970, when that graduating class ensured that it would always remain open, "in a symbol of the University's openness to the local and worldwide community." At commencement each year the graduating seniors process out of the gates to mark the completion of their time at Princeton. A widespread legend exists on campus that students who walk out of the gates before graduation will not finish their degree. In 2004 a tradition was added at Princeton's opening exercises called the Pre-Rade where the matriculating freshmen march into the gates behind the banners of their residential colleges to mark their entrance into Princeton.

text:
# FitzRandolph Gate

**FitzRandolph Gate** is a wrought-iron structure that serves as the official entrance of Princeton University, standing in front of Nassau Hall on Nassau Street in Princeton, New Jersey. The gate was funded by a bequest of Augustus Van Wickle in honor of his great-grandfather, Nathaniel FitzRandolph, who had donated to the university the land on which Nassau Hall sits. The gate was completed in 1905 and was designed by McKim, Mead & White. The gate remained closed and locked apart from graduation and the P-rade until 1970, when that graduating class ensured that it would always remain open, "in a symbol of the University's openness to the local and worldwide community."

At commencement each year the graduating seniors process out of the gates to mark the completion of their time at Princeton. A widespread legend exists on campus that students who walk out of the gates before graduation will not finish their degree. In 2004 a tradition was added at Princeton's opening exercises called the Pre-Rade where the matriculating freshmen march into the gates behind the banners of their residential colleges to mark their entrance into Princeton.

## History

Nathaniel FitzRandolph (1703–1780) was a son of one of the original 17th-century Quaker settlers of Princeton. He was instrumental in raising the funds necessary to bring the College of New Jersey, as Princeton University was then known, to the town. FitzRandolph personally donated the four and half acres for Nassau Hall. His great-grandson, Augustus Van Wickle, died in a skeet-shooting accident in 1898 and he provided in his will for both the Van Wickle Gates at his alma mater, Brown University, and the FitzRandolph Gates in honor of his great-grandfather. The gate was restored in 2005 for its centenary with some original elements needing to be reconstructed. Over 230 pieces of cast metal were replaced and all new and restored parts were made of authentic wrought iron from England, using traditional blacksmithing tools and techniques.

Nathaniel FitzRandolph died in 1780 and was buried nearby in his family plot. In 1909, during the construction of Holder Hall, 32 family graves were discovered. At Woodrow Wilson's direction, the remains were re-interred under the eastern arch of the new hall and a plaque was erected to commemorate FitzRandolph. It is inscribed with the Latin phrase:

*In agro jacet nostro immo suo,*
In our ground he sleeps, nay, rather in his own.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Fitzrandolph Gate | |
| U.S. Historic district<br>Contributing property | |
|  | |
| FitzRandolph Gate with Nassau Hall behind | |
|  | |
| Location | 91 Nassau St., Princeton, NJ |
| Coordinates | 40°20′58.6″N 74°39′35.0″W / 40.349611°N 74.659722°W / 40.349611; -74.659722 |
| Built | 1905 (1905) |
| Architect | McKim, Mead & White |
| Architectural style | Georgian ironwork |
| Part of | Princeton Historic District (ID75001143) |
| Designated CP | 27 June 1975 |


title: 2000 Premier League speedway season

abstract: The 2000 Premier League speedway season was the second division of speedway in the United Kingdom and governed by the Speedway Control Board (SCB), in conjunction with the British Speedway Promoters' Association (BSPA).

text:
# 2000 Premier League speedway season

The **2000 Premier League speedway season** was the second division of speedway in the United Kingdom and governed by the Speedway Control Board (SCB), in conjunction with the British Speedway Promoters' Association (BSPA).

## Season summary

The League consisted of 14 teams for the 2000 season with the addition of the Hull Vikings who dropped down from the Elite League.

The League was run on a standard format with no play-offs and was won by Exeter Falcons.

## Fixtures & results

| Home \ Away | AE | BER | ED | EX | GLA | HV | IOW | ND | NW | RR | SHE | STO | SWI | WOR |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Arena Essex Hammers |  | 49–41 | 43–47 | 51–38 | 51–39 | 48–42 | 46–43 | 44–46 | 53–24 | 49–41 | 61–29 | 48–42 | 50–41 | 45–44 |
| Berwick Bandits | 53–37 |  | 52–37 | 44–46 | 46–44 | 48–42 | 47–43 | 49–41 | 56–34 | 49–41 | 51–39 | 44–46 | 42–48 | 49–41 |
| Edinburgh Monarchs | 60–30 | 52–37 |  | 57–32 | 57–34 | 46–44 | 54–36 | 48–44 | 55–35 | 53–40 | 53–39 | 52–38 | 46–43 | 48–39 |
| Exeter Falcons | 70–21 | 52–38 | 59–31 |  | 74–16 | 62–28 | 62–28 | 51–39 | 72–18 | 67–22 | 60–30 | 53–37 | 57–33 | 60–31 |
| Glasgow Tigers | 59–31 | 46–44 | 47–46 | 45–45 |  | 39–51 | 50–40 | 54–39 | 44–46 | 49–41 | 33–33+ | 51–39 | 44–46 | 47–43 |
| Hull Vikings | 55–34 | 51–41 | 43–47 | 46–44 | 48–42 |  | 54–37 | 45–42 | 50–40 | 48–41 | 45–44 | 48–42 | 51–39 | 45–44 |
| Isle of Wight Islanders | 50–39 | 53–37 | 45–45 | 50–40 | 54–36 | 44–46 |  | 46.5–43.5 | 54–36 | 51–39 | 42–48 | 48–42 | 44–46 | 44–46 |
| Newcastle Diamonds | 65–25 | 62–28 | 49–41 | 49–41 | 43–47 | 45–45 | 49–40 |  | 50–40 | 44–39 | 47–43 | 43–47 | 49–41 | 42–46 |
| Newport Wasps | 52–39 | 51–42 | 61–29 | 47–43 | 51–41 | 43–47 | 49–41 | 52–40 |  | 50–40 | 43–47 | 49–41 | 40–50 | 45–45 |
| Reading Racers | 57–33 | 50–40 | 49–44 | 46–44 | 43–47 | 39–53 | 48–41 | 43–47 | 46–44 |  | 45–45 | 47–43 | 32–58 | 39–50 |
| Sheffield Tigers | 62–29 | 59–31 | 54–39 | 59–31 | 60–30 | 50–43 | 57–33 | 48–44 | 54–36 | 51–39 |  | 48–44 | 56–34 | 48–42 |
| Stoke Potters | 56–34 | 49–41 | 47–46 | 43–47 | 49–43 | 45–45 | 45–45 | 54–36 | 45–44 | 49–41 | 50–40 |  | 48–42 | 52–37 |
| Swindon Robins | 57–33 | 46–44 | 54–36 | 48–42 | 66–24 | 50–42 | 50–40 | 49–41 | 60–30 | 62–28 | 49–41 | 52–38 |  | 46–44 |
| Workington Comets | 59–31 | 51–39 | 46–44 | 46–43 | 45–45 | 46–44 | 54–36 | 51–39 | 61–29 | 51–39 | 48–41 | 54–35 | 52–39 |  |

Source: +Tie awarded to Sheffield
Legend: Blue = home team win; Yellow = draw; Red = away team win.

## Final table

| **Pos** |  | **M** | **W** | **D** | **L** | **F** | **A** | **Pts** | **Bon** | **Tot** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Exeter Falcons | 26 | 15 | 1 | 10 | 1335 | 1003 | 31 | 13 | 44 |
| 2 | Swindon Robins | 26 | 18 | 0 | 8 | 1249 | 1094 | 36 | 8 | 44 |
| 3 | Hull Vikings | 26 | 16 | 2 | 8 | 1201 | 1142 | 33 | 9 | 42 |
| 4 | Sheffield Tigers | 26 | 16 | 4 | 9 | 1226 | 1102 | 32 | 10 | 42 |
| 5 | Workington Comets | 26 | 15 | 2 | 9 | 1261 | 1114 | 32 | 10 | 42 |
| 6 | Edinburgh Monarchs | 26 | 15 | 1 | 10 | 1213 | 1140 | 31 | 8 | 39 |
| 7 | Stoke Potters | 26 | 12 | 2 | 12 | 1166 | 1178 | 26 | 5 | 31 |
| 8 | Newcastle Diamonds | 26 | 11 | 1 | 14 | 1178 | 1157 | 23 | 7 | 30 |
| 9 | Glasgow Tigers | 26 | 10 | 2 | 14 | 1096 | 1232 | 22 | 5 | 27 |
| 10 | Newport Wasps | 26 | 10 | 1 | 15 | 1089 | 1245 | 21 | 5 | 26 |
| 11 | Isle of Wight Islanders | 26 | 8 | 2 | 16 | 1128 | 1208 | 18 | 6 | 24 |
| 12 | Berwick Bandits | 26 | 10 | 0 | 16 | 1133 | 1210 | 20 | 3 | 23 |
| 13 | Arena Essex Hammers | 26 | 11 | 0 | 15 | 1054 | 1272 | 22 | 1 | 23 |
| 14 | Reading Racers | 26 | 7 | 1 | 18 | 1075 | 1262 | 15 | 2 | 17 |

## Premier League Knockout Cup

The 2000 Premier League Knockout Cup was the 33rd edition of the Knockout Cup for tier two teams. Swindon Robins were the winners of the competition.

**First round**

| Date | Team one | Score | Team two |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 05/06 | Reading | 43-47 | Swindon |
| 08/06 | Swindon | 46-44 | Reading |
| 05/06 | Exeter | 50-40 | Isle of Wight |
| 06/06 | Isle of Wight | 42-47 | Exeter |
| 07/06 | Hull | 48-42 | Sheffield |
| 08/06 | Sheffield | 45-45 | Hull |
| 10/06 | Stoke | 48-42 | Newcastle |
| 11/06 | Newcastle | 43-47 | Stoke |
| 10/06 | Workington | 40-31 | Newport |
| 11/06 | Newport | 48-42 | Workington |
| 10/06 | Edinburgh | 43-29 | Arena Essex |
| 09/06 | Arena Essex | 48-42 | Edinburgh |

**Second round**

| Date | Team one | Score | Team two |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 13/07 | Swindon | 49-41 | Berwick |
| 15/07 | Berwick | 48-42 | Swindon |
| 10/07 | Exeter | 64-26 | Glasgow |
| 09/07 | Glasgow | 50-40 | Exeter |
| 12/07 | Hull | 42-48 | Stoke |
| 15/07 | Stoke | 41-48 | Hull |
| 15/07 | Workington | 50-40 | Edinburgh |
| 14/07 | Edinburgh | 44-46 | Workington |

**Semi-finals**

| Date | Team one | Score | Team two |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 01/10 | Swindon | 48-23 | Exeter |
| 07/08 | Exeter | 46-44 | Swindon |
| 25/08 | Hull | 49-41 | Workington |
| 05/08 | Workington | 48-42 | Hull |

### Final

**First leg**

| Swindon Robins
Alan Mogridge (guest) 14
Paul Fry 12
Claus Kristensen 9
Oliver Allen 8
Martin Dixon 6
Neil Collins 5
Mark Steel 5 | 59 – 31 | Hull Vikings
Paul Thorp 9
Lee Dicken 8
Garry Stead 5
Rene Aas 4
Paul Smith 4
Jamie Smith 1
Mike Smith 0 |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |

Abbey Stadium

**Second leg**

| Hull Vikings
Paul Thorp 14
Garry Stead 10
Mike Smith 9
Lee Dicken 7
Jamie Smith 4
Rene Aas 2
Paul Smith 2 | 48 – 42 | Swindon Robins
David Walsh (guest) 12
Oliver Allen 11
Martin Dixon 6
Paul Fry 5
Neil Collins 3
Mark Steel 3
Claus Kristensen 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |

Craven Park, Hull

Swindon were declared Knockout Cup Champions, winning on aggregate **101–79**.

## Riders' Championship

Carl Stonehewer won the Riders' Championship. The final was held on 10 September at Owlerton Stadium.

| Pos. | Rider | Pts | Total | SF | Final |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Carl Stonehewer | 3 3 2 3 3 | 14 | - | 3 |
| 2 | Peter Carr | 1 2 1 2 3 | 9 | 2 | 2 |
| 3 | Paul Pickering | 3 3 2 3 3 | 14 | - | 1 |
| 4 | Sean Wilson | 3 3 3 1 3 | 13 | 3 | 0 |
| 5 | Paul Thorp | 0 3 2 3 1 | 9 | 1 |
| 6 | Alan Mogridge | 2 2 3 3 2 | 12 | 0 |
| 7 | Andre Compton | 2 1 3 0 2 | 8 |
| 8 | Robbie Kessler | 3 1 ex 2 2 | 8 |
| 9 | Paul Fry | 2 2 2 2 0 | 8 |
| 10 | Les Collins | 1 1 1 3 1 | 7 |
| 11 | Michael Coles | 1 2 1 0 1 | 5 |
| 12 | Anders Henriksson | ex 0 1 1 2 | 4 |
| 13 | Colin White | 2 0 0 1 1 | 4 |
| 14 | Phil Morris | 0 1 2 ex 0 | 3 |
| 15 | Robert Eriksson | 1 ex ex | 1 |
| 16 | Ray Morton | 0 ex | 0 |
| 17 | Adam Allott | 0 1 0 0 | 1 |

* ex=excluded

## Pairs

The Premier League Pairs Championship was held at Derwent Park on 8 July. The event was won by Workington Comets for the second successive season. The meeting was subject to heavy rain, which forced a shortened version of the event.

**Semi finals**

* Workington 4: Sheffield 3
* Isle of Wight 4: Edinburgh 3

**Final**

* Workington 7: Isle of Wight 2

## Fours

Sheffield Tigers won the Premier League Four-Team Championship for the second successive season. The final was held on 6 August 2000, at the East of England Arena.

| Final | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Pos | Team | Pts | Riders |
| 1 | Sheffield | 30 | Wilson, Kessler, Lee. Stead |
| 2 | Isle of Wight | 16 |  |
| 3 | Swindon | 14 |  |
| 4 | Berwick | 12 |  |

## Leading averages

| Rider | Team | Average |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Peter Carr | Edinburgh | 10.28 |
| Sean Wilson | Sheffield | 10.27 |
| Ray Morton | Isle of Wight | 10.09 |
| Carl Stonehewer | Workington | 9.89 |
| Bjarne Pedersen | Newcastle | 9.70 |
| Robert Eriksson | Edinburgh | 9.31 |
| Michael Coles | Exeter | 9.26 |
| Alan Mogridge | Berwick | 9.07 |
| Paul Fry | Swindon | 8.89 |
| Armando Castagna | Reading | 8.88 |

## Riders & final averages

**Arena Essex**

**Berwick**

**Edinburgh**

**Exeter**

* Michael Coles 9.26
* Mark Simmonds 7.79
* Seemond Stephens 7.77
* Chris Harris 7.05
* Roger Lobb 7.05
* Bobby Eldridge 6.76
* Graeme Gordon 6.20
* Wayne Barrett 3.00

**Glasgow**

**Hull**

**Isle of Wight**

**Newcastle**

* Bjarne Pedersen 9.70
* Jesper Olsen 8.20
* Stuart Swales 7.57
* Andre Compton 7.43
* Grant MacDonald 5.27
* Will Beveridge 5.00
* Paul Macklin 3.74
* Rob Grant Jr 3.63
* Krister Marsh 3.62
* Darren Pearson 3.51
* Jamie Smith 3.20

**Newport**

**Reading**

**Sheffield**

**Stoke**

* Paul Pickering 8.78
* David Walsh 7.75
* Mark Burrows 6.92
* Tony Atkin 6.20
* Wayne Broadhurst 4.53
* Paul Macklin 2.56
* Steven McAllister 2.29

**Swindon**

**Workington**

## InfoBox

2000 Premier League speedway season
| League | Premier League |
| --- | --- |
| Champions | Exeter Falcons |
| Knockout Cup | Swindon Robins |
| Young Shield | Swindon Robins |
| Individual | Carl Stonehewer |
| Pairs | Workington Comets |
| Fours | Sheffield Tigers |
| Highest average | Peter Carr |
| Division/s above | 2000 Elite League |
| Division/s below | 2000 Conference League |
|


title: Astegotherium

abstract: Astegotherium is an extinct genus of xenarthran, belonging to the family Dasypodidae. It lived from the Early to the Middle Eocene, and its fossilized remains are found in Argentina.

text:
# Astegotherium

***Astegotherium*** is an extinct genus of xenarthran, belonging to the family Dasypodidae. It lived from the Early to the Middle Eocene, and its fossilized remains are found in Argentina.

## Description

This genus is only known from the dermal plates (osteoderms) that composed its dorsal armor. It was probably fairly similar with the modern nine-banded armadillo. *Astegotherium* was characterized by its osteoderms with a central figure almost devoid of foramina, while the posterior part of the osteoderms has hair foramina.

## Classification

The type species, *Astegotherium dichotomus*, was first described in 1902 by Florentino Ameghino, based on fossil remains found in Argentina, dating to the Middle Eocene. Other fossils attributed to this genus were later discovered in Argentina, in terrains dating from the Early to the Middle-Late Eocene.

*Astegotherium* is one of the earliest armadillo known in the fossil records, and it is considered a member of the family Dasypodidae, which includes the modern nine-banded armadillo.

## Bibliography

* Tejedor, M.F., Goin, F.J., Gelfo, J.N., López, G.M., Bond, M., Carlini, A.A, Scillato-Yané, G.J., Woodburne, M.O., Chornogubsky, L., Aragón, E., Reguero, M.A., Czaplewski, N.J., Vincon, S., Martin, G.M., and Ciancio, M. 2009. New early Eocene mammalian fauna from Western Patagonia, Argentina. American Museum Novitates 3638: 1–43.
* Ciancio, M.R., Herrera, C., Aramayo, A., Payrola, P., and Babot, J. 2016. Diversity of cingulate xenarthrans in the middle–late Eocene of Northwestern Argentina. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 61 (3): 575–590.

## InfoBox

| *Astegotherium*
Temporal range: Early-Late Eocene
~ | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Cingulata |
| Family: | Dasypodidae |
| Tribe: | Astegotheriini |
| Genus: | *Astegotherium*
Ameghino, 1902 |
|
| Type species | |
| ***Astegotherium dichotomus***
Ameghino, 1902 | |


title: Bane, West Virginia

abstract: Bane is an unincorporated community in Wetzel County, West Virginia, United States.

text:
# Bane, West Virginia

**Bane** is an unincorporated community in Wetzel County, West Virginia, United States.

## InfoBox

| Bane | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| BaneLocation within the state of West VirginiaBaneBane (the United States) | |
| Coordinates: 39°30′16″N 80°35′15″W / 39.50444°N 80.58750°W / 39.50444; -80.58750 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | West Virginia |
| County | Wetzel |
| Elevation | 830 ft (250 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| GNIS ID | 1553797 |


title: Bago-Kusuntu language

abstract: Bago-Kusuntu is a Gur language of Togo.

text:
# Bago-Kusuntu language

**Bago-Kusuntu** (dialects Bago, Kusuntu) is a Gur language of Togo.

## InfoBox

| Bago-Kusuntu | |
| --- | --- |
| Region | Togo |
| Native speakers | 9,900 (2012) |
| Language family | Niger–Congo? |
| Dialects | * Bago * Kusuntu |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | `bqg` |
| *Glottolog* | `bago1245` |
| ELP | Bago-Kusuntu |


title: From Beyond the Unknown

abstract: From Beyond the Unknown is the title of an American science fiction comic book series published by DC Comics from 1969 to 1973.

text:
# From Beyond the Unknown

***From Beyond the Unknown*** is the title of an American science fiction comic book series published by DC Comics from 1969 to 1973.

## Publication history

*From Beyond the Unknown* was published as a bi-monthly comics anthology series for 25 issues, from October–November 1969 to November–December 1973. There was an extra month's gap in mid–1973, between issues #22 and #23, and the series was cancelled at the end of that year.

*From Beyond the Unknown* was an anthology series, whose tagline promised to provide "Stories that Stagger the Imagination". The series reprinted stories from earlier DC Comics anthologies, including *Strange Adventures* and *Mystery in Space*. Covers featured such imaginative settings as an alien auctioneer preparing to sell the Earth, or an ape-man trying to conquer the world.

The title was revived in March 2020, as part of the DC 100-Page Giant comic Line.

## Creators

## InfoBox

| *From Beyond the Unknown* | |
| --- | --- |
| *From Beyond the Unknown* #1 (Oct.-Nov. 1969), art by Joe Kubert. | |
| Publication information | |
| Publisher | DC Comics |
| Schedule | Bi-monthly |
| Format | Ongoing series |
| Publication date | October–November 1969 – November–December 1973 |
| No. of issues | 25 |