title: 1999–2000 FIBA Saporta Cup

abstract: The 1999–2000 FIBA Saporta Cup was the thirty-fourth edition of FIBA's 2nd-tier level European-wide professional club basketball competition. It occurred between September 21, 1999, and April 11, 2000. The final was held at Lausanne, Switzerland.

text:
# 1999–2000 FIBA Saporta Cup

The **1999–2000 FIBA Saporta Cup** was the thirty-fourth edition of FIBA's 2nd-tier level European-wide professional club basketball competition. It occurred between September 21, 1999, and April 11, 2000. The final was held at Lausanne, Switzerland.

## Competition system

* 48 teams (national domestic cup champions, plus the best qualified teams from the most important European national domestic leagues), entered a preliminary group stage, divided into eight groups of six teams each, and played a round-robin. The final standings were based on individual wins and defeats. In the case of a tie between two or more teams, after the group stage, the following criteria were used to decide the final classification: 1) number of wins in one-to-one games between the teams; 2) basket average between the teams; 3) general basket average within the group.
* The top four teams from each group qualified for a 1/16 Final Playoff (X-pairings, home and away games), where the winners advanced further to 1/8 Finals, 1/4 Finals, and 1/2 Final.
* The Final was played at a predetermined venue.

## Country ranking

For the 1999–2000 FIBA Saporta Cup, the countries are allocated places according to their place on the FIBA country rankings, which takes into account their performance in European competitions from 1996–97 to 1998–99.

**Country ranking for 1999–2000 FIBA Saporta Cup**
| Rank Country Points Teams Notes  1  Italy 237.667 2   2  Greece 179.167   3  Spain 150.167   4  Turkey 70.500   5  France 68.833   6  Lithuania 55.556   7  Yugoslavia 54.500   8  Russia 35.695   9  Slovenia 30.622   10  Germany 27.833   11  Croatia 25.542   12  Israel 22.108   13  Poland 20.714   14  Belgium 13.817   15  Portugal 13.762   16  Ukraine 6.143 -2, BIPA-Moda and CSKA Kyiv withdrew  17  Austria 4.559 1   18  Hungary 4.429 +1, Matáv Pécs got wild card  19  Macedonia 4.375 | Rank Country Points Teams Notes  20  Cyprus 3.528 1 +1, Achilleas Kaimakli got wild card  21  Czech Republic 3.187   22  Bosnia and Herzegovina 3.008   23  Finland 2.917 +1, Torpan Pojat got wild card  24  Slovakia 2.583   25  Latvia 2.302   26  Bulgaria 1.917   27  Netherlands 1.722   28  Sweden 1.667 +1, Norrköping Dolphins got wild card  29  Estonia 0.667   30  Romania 0.611 -1, Sibiu withdrew  31  Luxembourg 0.472 -1, Etzella withdrew  32  Switzerland 0.389 -1, Fribourg Olympic withdrew  33  Georgia 0.333 0   34  England 0.278 +1, London Towers got wild card  35  Belarus 0.111   36  Albania 0.055   37  Denmark 0.000   38  Ireland 0.000 |
| --- | --- |

## Team allocation

The labels in the parentheses show how each team qualified for the place of its starting round:

* 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, etc.: League position after eventual Playoffs
* CW: Cup winners
* WC: Wild card

| Regular season | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Kinder Bologna (CW) | Partizan (CW) | Zepter Idea Śląsk Wrocław (1st) | Plannja Basket (1st) |
| Adecco Milano (5th) | Radnički Jugopetrol (4th) | Hoop Pekaes (CW) | Norrköping Dolphins (WC) |
| AEK (5th) | Avtodor Saratov (2nd) | Spirou (1st) | UKJ SÜBA Sankt Pölten (1st) |
| Hercules (6th) | Arsenal Tula (3rd) | Okapi Aalstar (3rd) | Godel Rabotnički (1st) |
| Tau Cerámica (CW) | Krka (3rd) | Porto (1st) | Mlekarna Kunin (1st) |
| Pamesa Valencia (6th) | Kovinotehna Savinjska Polzela (4th) | Illiabum Clube (2nd) | Bosna (1st) |
| Fenerbahçe (4th) | Telekom Baskets Bonn (2nd) | Albacomp Fehérvár (1st) | Slovakofarma Pezinok (1st) |
| Darüşşafaka (5th) | Skyliners Frankfurt (3rd)\* | Matáv Pécs (WC) | Ventspils (2nd) |
| Élan Sportif Chalon (4th) | Zadar (2nd) | APOEL (1st) | Cherno More Port Varna (1st) |
| PSG Racing Basket (5th) | Split CO (3rd) | Achilleas Kaimakli (WC) | Ricoh Astronauts (1st) |
| Lietuvos rytas (2nd) | Hapoel Jerusalem (2nd) | Honka Playboys (2nd) | Tartu ÜSK Delta (4th) |
| Sakalai (3rd) | Maccabi Ra'anana (5th) | Torpan Pojat (WC) | London Towers (WC) |

* Tatami Rhöndorf (3rd in the previous season of Bundesliga) merged with Skyliners Frankfurt (at that time newly formed club), so Skyliners took their place in the competition.

## Preliminary round

Key to colors
|  | Qualified to Round of 32 |
| --- | --- |
|  | Eliminated |

| Group A    Team Pld W L PF PA Pts  1.  AEK 10 9 1 827 663 **19**  2.  Hapoel Jerusalem 10 6 4 789 726 **15**  3.  Cherno More Port Varna 10 5 5 809 876 **15**  4.  Spirou 10 5 5 756 75o **15**  5.  Honka Playboys 10 3 7 748 827 **13**  6.  Avtodor Saratov 10 2 8 682 769 **12** | Group B    Team Pld W L PF PA Pts  1.  Pamesa Valencia 10 9 1 855 650 **19**  2.  Zadar 10 8 2 817 675 **18**  3.  Achilleas Kaimakli 10 4 6 705 776 **14**  4.  Kovinotehna Savinjska Polzela 10 4 6 755 779 **14**  5.  Arsenal Tula 10 4 6 698 812 **14**  6.  Tartu ÜSK Delta 10 1 9 649 787 **11** |
| --- | --- |

| Group C    Team Pld W L PF PA Pts  1.  Lietuvos rytas 10 8 2 814 667 **18**  2.  Maccabi Ra'anana 10 6 4 696 608 **16**  3.  Élan Sportif Chalon 10 6 4 649 604 **16**  4.  Ricoh Astronauts 10 5 5 622 623 **15**  5.  Albacomp Fehérvár 10 5 5 751 697 **15**  6.  APOEL 10 0 10 513 846 **10** | Group D    Team Pld W L PF PA Pts  1.  PSG Racing 10 9 1 771 600 **19**  2.  Hoop Pekaes 10 8 2 760 668 **18**  3.  Tau Cerámica 10 7 3 808 659 **17**  4.  Bosna 10 4 6 644 714 **14**  5.  Illiabum Clube 10 1 9 692 855 **11**  6.  Godel Rabotnički 10 1 9 550 729 **11** |
| --- | --- |

| Group E    Team Pld W L PF PA Pts  1.  Hercules 10 9 1 743 656 **19**  2.  FC Porto 10 6 4 726 686 **16**  3.  Slovakofarma Pezinok 10 5 5 786 782 **15**  4.  Telekom Baskets Bonn 10 5 5 731 718 **15**  5.  Partizan 10 5 5 734 718 **15**  6.  SÜBA Sankt Pölten 10 0 10 639 798 **10** | Group F    Team Pld W L PF PA Pts  1.  Kinder Bologna 10 10 0 885 586 **20**  2.  Zepter Idea Śląsk Wrocław 10 7 3 743 692 **17**  3.  Ventspils 10 5 5 705 732 **15**  4.  Norrköping Dolphins 10 4 6 803 929 **14**  5.  Fenerbahçe 10 3 7 708 765 **13**  6.  Matáv Pécs 10 1 9 651 793 **11** |
| --- | --- |

| Group G    Team Pld W L PF PA Pts  1.  Darüşşafaka 10 8 2 825 759 **18**  2.  Split CO 10 6 4 787 773 **16**  3.  Plannja 10 5 5 753 772 **15**  4.  Adecco Milano 10 4 6 749 719 **14**  5.  Okapi Aalst 10 4 6 789 831 **14**  6.  London Towers 10 3 7 789 838 **13** | Group H    Team Pld W L PF PA Pts  1.  Krka 10 7 3 774 659 **17**  2.  Skyliners Frankfurt 10 7 3 750 681 **17**  3.  Sakalai 10 7 3 791 771 **17**  4.  Radnički Jugopetrol 10 4 6 746 736 **14**  5.  Torpan Pojat 10 3 7 673 808 **13**  6.  Mlekarna Kunin 10 2 8 723 802 **12** |
| --- | --- |

## Round of 32

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Kovinotehna Savinjska Polzela | 95–154 | AEK | 51–86 | 44–68 |
| Achilleas Kaimakli | 133–188 | Hapoel Jerusalem | 67–93 | 66–95 |
| Cherno More | 133–172 | Zadar | 63–73 | 70–99 |
| Spirou | 149–163 | Pamesa Valencia | 74–81 | 75–82 |
| Bosna | 138–174 | Lietuvos rytas | 65–71 | 73–103 |
| Tau Cerámica | 139–129 | Maccabi Ra'anana | 68–62 | 71–67 |
| Élan Chalon | 153–145 | Hoop Pekaes | 76–57 | 77–88 |
| Ricoh Astronauts | 130–136 | PSG Racing | 60–61 | 70–75 |
| Norrköping Dolphins | 144–206 | Hercules | 64–87 | 80–119 |
| Ventspils | 122–157 | FC Porto | 47–77 | 75–80 |
| Slovakofarma Pezinok | 160–170 | Zepter Śląsk Idea Wrocław | 79–86 | 81–84 |
| Telekom Baskets Bonn | 125–154 | Kinder Bologna | 56–67 | 69–87 |
| Radnički Jugopetrol | 137–141 | Darüşşafaka | 77–66 | 60–75 |
| Sakalai | 166–186 | Split CO | 86–97 | 80–89 |
| Plannja | 121–145 | Skyliners Frankfurt | 63–74 | 58–71 |
| Adecco Milano | 118–112 | Krka | 62–55 | 56–57 |

## Round of 16

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Tau Cerámica | 132–156 | AEK | 67–71 | 65–85 |
| Élan Chalon | 119–146 | Pamesa Valencia | 83–75 | 36–71 |
| Hapoel Jerusalem | 148–157 | Lietuvos rytas | 78–91 | 70–66 |
| Zadar | 143–129 | PSG Racing | 76–57 | 67–72 |
| Split CO | 129–150 | Hercules | 63–71 | 66–79 |
| Skyliners Frankfurt | 115–140 | Kinder Bologna | 62–57 | 53–83 |
| FC Porto | 135–127 | Darüşşafaka | 81–78 | 54–49 |
| Zepter Śląsk Idea Wrocław | 137–121 | Adecco Milano | 75–57 | 62–64 |

## Quarterfinals

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| AEK | 154–146 | Hercules | 84–73 | 70–73 |
| Kinder Bologna | 144–139 | Pamesa Valencia | 85–61 | 59–78 |
| Lietuvos rytas | 170–160 | FC Porto | 93–73 | 77–87 |
| Zepter Śląsk Idea Wrocław | 120–132 | Zadar | 56–63 | 64–69 |

## Semifinals

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Zadar | 142–152 | AEK | 75–70 | 67–82 |
| Lietuvos rytas | 141–143 | Kinder Bologna | 70–60 | 71–83 |

## Final

April 11, Centre Intercommunal de Glace de Malley, Lausanne

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| AEK | 83–76 | Kinder Bologna |

| 1999–2000 FIBA Saporta Cup Champions |
| --- |
|
**AEK**
**2nd title** |

## Awards

### FIBA Saporta Cup Finals MVP

1. "Linguasport - FIBA Country Ranking (B)". *www.linguasport.com*. Retrieved 2020-05-31.

## InfoBox

| 1999–2000 FIBA Saporta Cup | |
| --- | --- |
| League | FIBA Saporta Cup |
| Sport | Basketball |
| Final | |
| Champions | AEK |
| Runners-up | Kinder Bologna |
| Finals MVP | Anthony Bowie |


title: Augustówka railway station

abstract: Augustówka railway station is a railway station at Augustówka, Otwock, Masovian, Poland. It is served by Koleje Mazowieckie.

text:
# Augustówka railway station

**Augustówka railway station** is a railway station at Augustówka, Otwock, Masovian, Poland. It is served by Koleje Mazowieckie.

## InfoBox

| Augustówka | |
| --- | --- |
| Rail Station | |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Location | Augustówka, Osieck, Otwock, Masovian<br>Poland |
| Coordinates | 51°59′15″N 21°30′51″E / 51.9873612°N 21.5140702°E / 51.9873612; 21.5140702 |
| Owned by | Polskie Koleje Państwowe S.A. |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station KM Following station  Zabieżkitowards Warszawa Zachodnia  R7  Pilawatowards Dęblin | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: 2005 Devon County Council election

abstract: The 2005 Devon County Council election was an election to Devon County Council which took place on 5 May 2005 as part of the 2005 United Kingdom local elections. 62 councillors were elected from various electoral divisions, which returned either one or two county councillors each by first-past-the-post voting for a four-year term of office. The electoral divisions had been redrawn since the last election in 2001. No elections were held in Plymouth and Torbay, which are unitary authorities outside the area covered by the County Council. All locally registered electors who were aged 18 or over on election day were entitled to vote in the local elections.

text:
# 2005 Devon County Council election

The **2005 Devon County Council election** was an election to Devon County Council which took place on 5 May 2005 as part of the 2005 United Kingdom local elections. 62 councillors were elected from various electoral divisions, which returned either one or two county councillors each by first-past-the-post voting for a four-year term of office. The electoral divisions had been redrawn since the last election in 2001. No elections were held in Plymouth and Torbay, which are unitary authorities outside the area covered by the County Council.

All locally registered electors (British, Irish, Commonwealth and European Union citizens) who were aged 18 or over on election day were entitled to vote in the local elections.

## Summary

The election saw the Liberal Democrats regain control of the council, which had last been under Liberal Democrat control after the 1997 election, but had been under no overall control since the 2001 election. The Conservative Party gained only one seat, despite the increase in the number of seats from 54 to 62 after redistricting, becoming the second-largest party on the council and therefore the official opposition party. The Liberal Party lost all three of its seats in the election, while the Independent grouping lost one seat. The Gallagher index for the election, which measures the disproportionality of seat allocation, was 11.94.

## Results

| Devon County Council election, 2005 | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Seats | Net gain/loss | Seats % | Votes % | Votes | +/− |
|  | Liberal Democrats | 33 | 12 | 53.2 | 38.0 | 142,414 |  |
|  | Conservative | 23 | 1 | 37.1 | 38.0 | 142,732 |  |
|  | Labour | 4 | 1 | 6.5 | 11.9 | 44,813 |  |
|  | Independent | 2 | 2 | 3.2 | 4.4 | 16,692 |  |
|  | UKIP | 0 |  | 0.0 | 3.9 | 14,643 |  |
|  | Green | 0 |  | 0.0 | 2.5 | 9,539 |  |
|  | Liberal | 0 | 2 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 4,300 |  |

## Electoral division results

Alphington and Cowick
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **M. Browning** | **3,188** | **43.8** |  |
|  | Labour | R. Harris | 1,919 | 26.4 |  |
|  | Conservative | M. Baldwin | 1,443 | 19.8 |  |
|  | Green | A. Bell | 331 | 4.6 |  |
|  | UKIP | D. Challice | 282 | 3.9 |  |
|  | Liberal | P. Smith | 109 | 1.5 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,269 | 17.5 |  |
| Turnout | | | 7,272 | 67.2 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 10,829 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Ashburton and Buckfastleigh
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Stuart Barker** | **2,793** | **38.9** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Graham Wickham | 2,663 | 37.1 |  |
|  | Labour | Michael Harriott | 999 | 13.9 |  |
|  | UKIP | Kim Van Der Kiste | 636 | 8.9 |  |
| Majority | | | 130 | 1.8 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 83 | 1.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 7,174 | 71.5 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 10,030 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Axminster
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Douglas Hull** | **2,912** | **44.9** |  |
|  | Conservative | Iain Chubb | 2,908 | 44.9 |  |
|  | Labour | Jeremy Walden | 581 | 9.0 |  |
| Majority | | | 4 | 0.1 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 82 | 1.3 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,483 | 73.1 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,874 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Barnstaple North
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Brian Greenslade** | **3,411** | **56.1** |  |
|  | Conservative | John Gill | 1,305 | 21.5 |  |
|  | Labour | Annie Brenton | 720 | 11.9 |  |
|  | Green | Earl Bramley-Howard | 572 | 9.4 |  |
| Majority | | | 2,106 | 34.7 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 67 | 1.1 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,075 | 60.4 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 10,055 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Barnstaple South
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Christopher Haywood** | **3,116** | **49.6** |  |
|  | Conservative | David Brailey | 1,999 | 31.8 |  |
|  | Green | Robert Cornish | 596 | 9.5 |  |
|  | Independent | Terence Bawden | 474 | 7.5 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,117 | 17.8 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 103 | 1.6 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,288 | 64.7 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 9,726 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Bickleigh and Wembury
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Thomas Hart** | **3,073** | **50.3** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Cedric Tarsky | 2,219 | 36.3 |  |
|  | UKIP | James McOustra | 763 | 12.5 |  |
| Majority | | | 854 | 9.6 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 55 | 0.9 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,110 | 68.4 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,937 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Bideford East
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Hugo Barton** | **2,613** | **46.9** |  |
|  | Ind. Conservative | Christopher Leather | 1,891 | 33.9 |  |
|  | Labour | David Brenton | 1,001 | 18.0 |  |
| Majority | | | 722 | 13.0 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 67 | 1.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5,572 | 62.7 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,883 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Bideford South and Hartland
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Humphrey Temperley** | **2,825** | **46.8** |  |
|  | Ind. Conservative | Robert Williamson | 2,162 | 35.8 |  |
|  | Labour | Vivian Gale | 978 | 16.2 |  |
| Majority | | | 663 | 11.0 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 76 | 1.3 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,041 | 67.4 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,957 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Bovey Tracey Rural
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Sally Morgan** | **3,041** | **48.2** |  |
|  | Conservative | Audrey Warren | 2,627 | 41.6 |  |
|  | Labour | Jacqueline Lamont | 587 | 9.3 |  |
| Majority | | | 414 | 6.6 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 55 | 0.9 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,310 | 74.5 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,468 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Braunton Rural
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Jennifer Jenkins** | **2,325** | **36.1** |  |
|  | Conservative | Jasmine Chesters | 2,250 | 34.9 |  |
|  | Independent | Charles Piper | 610 | 9.5 |  |
|  | Green | Michael Harrison | 607 | 9.4 |  |
|  | Labour | Danny Neary | 566 | 8.8 |  |
| Majority | | | 75 | 1.2 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 82 | 1.3 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,440 | 69.0 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 9,327 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Broadclyst and Whimple
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Derek Button** | **3,039** | **47.1** |  |
|  | Conservative | Peter Bowden | 2,863 | 44.3 |  |
|  | Liberal | Grace Burns | 411 | 6.4 |  |
| Majority | | | 176 | 2.7 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 145 | 2.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,458 | 72.4 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,922 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Budleigh
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Christine Channon** | **3,454** | **55.0** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Phillip Frewin-Smith | 1,862 | 29.7 |  |
|  | Labour | Stuart Fegan | 865 | 13.8 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,592 | 25.4 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 94 | 1.5 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,275 | 73.1 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,579 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Chudleigh Rural
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Francis Brook** | **2,330** | **35.0** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Keith Smith | 2,052 | 30.8 |  |
|  | Independent | Raymond Frost | 1,451 | 21.8 |  |
|  | Labour | Barbara Errington | 754 | 11.3 |  |
| Majority | | | 278 | 4.2 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 75 | 1.1 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,662 | 73.7 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 9,040 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Chulmleigh and Swimbridge
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Frederick Tucker** | **3,209** | **45.4** |  |
|  | Conservative | Richard Edgell | 2,848 | 40.3 |  |
|  | Green | Ian Godfrey | 915 | 13.0 |  |
| Majority | | | 361 | 5.1 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 90 | 1.3 |  |
| Turnout | | | 7,062 | 74.1 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 9,529 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Combe Martin Rural
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Vivienne Davis** | **2,522** | **44.1** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Derrick Spear | 2,414 | 42.2 |  |
|  | Green | Jon Hooper | 706 | 12.3 |  |
| Majority | | | 108 | 1.9 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 81 | 1.4 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5,723 | 70.4 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,126 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Crediton Rural
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Nicholas Way** | **3,105** | **49.9** |  |
|  | Conservative | Margaret Squires | 2,183 | 35.1 |  |
|  | UKIP | Alan Green | 472 | 7.6 |  |
|  | Green | Elizabeth Culpeper | 380 | 6.1 |  |
| Majority | | | 922 | 14.8 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 82 | 1.3 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,222 | 69.3 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,977 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Cullompton Rural
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Edgar Berry** | **3,072** | **47.6** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Rita Keylock | 2,266 | 35.1 |  |
|  | Green | Colin Matthews | 416 | 6.4 |  |
|  | UKIP | Gatson Dezart | 407 | 6.3 |  |
|  | Liberal | Janett Rice | 233 | 3.6 |  |
| Majority | | | 806 | 12.5 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 66 | 1.0 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,460 | 66.3 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 9,741 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Dartmouth and Kingswear
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Jonathan Hawkins** | **2,435** | **50.0** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Anthony Phillips | 1,280 | 26.3 |  |
|  | Labour | Brian Boughton | 649 | 13.3 |  |
|  | UKIP | Roger Kempton | 471 | 9.7 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,155 | 23.7 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 31 | 0.6 |  |
| Turnout | | | 4,866 | 69.2 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 7,031 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Dawlish
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **John Clatworthy** | **3,246** | **45.1** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Alan Connett | 2,843 | 39.5 |  |
|  | Labour | James Court | 1,051 | 14.6 |  |
| Majority | | | 403 | 5.6 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 56 | 0.8 |  |
| Turnout | | | 7,196 | 68.3 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 10,535 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Duryard and Pennsylvania
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Sheila Hobden** | **2,486** | **45.6** |  |
|  | Conservative | Daniel Thomas | 1,690 | 31.0 |  |
|  | Labour | Dorothy Parker | 981 | 18.0 |  |
|  | UKIP | Graham Stone | 166 | 3.0 |  |
|  | Socialist Alternative | Trevor Clissold | 65 | 1.2 |  |
| Majority | | | 796 | 14.6 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 66 | 1.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5,454 | 63.7 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,565 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Exminster and Kenton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **B. Berman** | **2,582** | **50.4** |  |
|  | Conservative | S. Webber | 1,901 | 37.1 |  |
|  | Labour | G. Hesse | 641 | 12.5 |  |
| Majority | | | 681 | 13.3 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5,124 | 71.6 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 7,153 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Exmouth Brixington and Withycombe
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Brenda Taylor** | **3,458** | **52.0** |  |
|  | Conservative | Jill Elson | 2,097 | 31.6 |  |
|  | UKIP | David Wilson | 685 | 10.3 |  |
|  | Independent | Raymond Widdowson | 239 | 3.6 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,361 | 20.5 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 166 | 2.5 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,645 | 64.8 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 10,259 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Exmouth Halsdon and Woodbury
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Bernard Hughes** | **2,405** | **40.1** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Patricia Graham | 2,351 | 39.2 |  |
|  | Labour | Carole Newton | 779 | 13.0 |  |
|  | UKIP | John Kelly | 422 | 7.0 |  |
| Majority | | | 54 | 0.9 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 40 | 0.7 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5,997 | 70.8 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,467 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Exmouth Littleham and Town
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Eileen Wragg** | **2,690** | **42.0** |  |
|  | Conservative | Kathleen Bamsey | 2,166 | 33.8 |  |
|  | Labour | Patrick Canavan | 1,017 | 15.9 |  |
|  | UKIP | Colin Evans | 438 | 6.8 |  |
| Majority | | | 524 | 8.2 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 96 | 1.5 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,407 | 64.2 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 9,985 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Exwick and St Thomas
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Rob Hannaford** | **3,141** | **43.1** |  |
|  | Labour | Lesley Robson | 2,626 | 36.0 |  |
|  | Conservative | David Henson | 1,080 | 14.8 |  |
|  | UKIP | Lawrence Harper | 378 | 5.2 |  |
| Majority | | | 515 | 7.1 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 66 | 0.9 |  |
| Turnout | | | 7,291 | 64.8 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 11,253 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Fremington Rural
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Rodney Cann** | **2,758** | **48.4** |  |
|  | Independent | David Jury | 1,765 | 31.0 |  |
|  | Green | Linda Mack | 997 | 17.5 |  |
| Majority | | | 993 | 17.4 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 174 | 3.1 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5,694 | 70.7 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,058 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Hatherleigh and Chagford
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **James McInnes** | **3,358** | **47.6** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Anne Carter | 2,609 | 37.0 |  |
|  | UKIP | Susan Bamford | 529 | 7.5 |  |
|  | Labour | Brenda Lopez | 493 | 7.0 |  |
| Majority | | | 749 | 10.6 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 62 | 0.9 |  |
| Turnout | | | 7,051 | 76.8 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 9,178 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Heavitree and Whipton Barton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Olwen Foggin** | **2,419** | **35.6** |  |
|  | Liberal | Christopher Gale | 1,454 | 21.4 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Tessa Barrett | 1,379 | 20.3 |  |
|  | Conservative | Keith Nelson-Tomsen | 1,201 | 17.7 |  |
|  | UKIP | Rosalinde Myrone | 285 | 4.2 |  |
| Majority | | | 965 | 14.2 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 62 | 0.9 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,800 | 66.8 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 10,174 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Holsworthy Rural
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Desmond Shadrick** | **3,864** | **54.4** |  |
|  | Conservative | Gaye Tabor | 2,617 | 36.9 |  |
|  | Labour | William Vanstone | 517 | 7.3 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,247 | 17.6 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 100 | 1.4 |  |
| Turnout | | | 7,098 | 73.4 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 9,665 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Honiton St Michael's
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Barry Nicholson** | **2,889** | **47.8** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Amanda Pettet | 1,751 | 29.0 |  |
|  | Labour | Richard Price | 831 | 13.7 |  |
|  | Liberal | Lucy Collins | 481 | 8.0 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,138 | 18.8 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 92 | 1.5 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,044 | 69.1 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,741 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Honiton St Paul's
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Roger Boote** | **3,145** | **49.0** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Roy Coombs | 1,736 | 27.0 |  |
|  | Labour | Sally Boom | 972 | 15.1 |  |
|  | Liberal | Roy Collins | 510 | 7.9 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,409 |  |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 56 | 0.9 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,419 | 71.5 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,980 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Ilfracombe
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Geoffrey Fowler** | **2,132** | **41.6** |  |
|  | Conservative | Paul Crabb | 1,783 | 34.8 |  |
|  | Independent | Ivan Frances | 716 | 14.0 |  |
|  | Green | Franklin Pearson | 443 | 8.6 |  |
| Majority | | | 349 | 6.8 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 51 | 1.0 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5,125 | 58.4 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,778 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Ivybridge
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Roger Croad** | **2,115** | **36.1** |  |
|  | Labour | Evonne Beeson | 1,592 | 27.1 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | David Corney | 1,586 | 27.0 |  |
|  | UKIP | Brian Gerrish | 541 | 9.2 |  |
| Majority | | | 523 | 8.9 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 31 | 0.5 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5,865 | 65.9 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,894 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Axminster
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Douglas Hull** | **2,912** | **44.9** |  |
|  | Conservative | Iain Chubb | 2,908 | 44.9 |  |
|  | Labour | Jeremy Walden | 581 | 9.0 |  |
| Majority | | | 4 | 0.1 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 82 | 1.3 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,483 | 73.1 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,874 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Kingsbridge and Stokenham
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Julian Brazil** | **2,806** | **48.5** |  |
|  | Conservative | Owen Masters | 2,266 | 39.2 |  |
|  | UKIP | Stephen Dooley | 625 | 10.8 |  |
| Majority | | | 540 | 9.3 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 90 | 1.6 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5,787 | 72.2 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,012 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Kingsteignston
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **John Smith** | **2,450** | **43.0** |  |
|  | Conservative | Michael Walters | 1,978 | 34.7 |  |
|  | Labour | James White | 1,200 | 21.1 |  |
| Majority | | | 472 | 8.3 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 72 | 1.3 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5,700 | 65.4 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,712 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Newton Abbot North
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Anne Fry** | **2,829** | **51.9** |  |
|  | Conservative | Mark Johnson | 1,641 | 30.1 |  |
|  | Labour | Barry Kaye | 903 | 16.6 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,188 | 21.8 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 82 | 1.5 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5,455 | 62.6 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,710 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Newton Abbot South
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Gordon Hook** | **3,275** | **52.2** |  |
|  | Conservative | Allan Vizor | 1,819 | 29.0 |  |
|  | Labour | Louise Lewis | 1,048 | 16.7 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,456 | 23.2 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 135 | 2.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,277 | 65.6 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 9,565 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Newton St Cyres and Sandford
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Michael Lee** | **3,425** | **50.6** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Gillian Elston | 2,144 | 31.3 |  |
|  | Green | Linda Lever | 736 | 10.9 |  |
|  | UKIP | Robert Edwards | 449 | 6.6 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,311 | 19.4 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 39 | 0.6 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,736 | 76.9 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,795 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Newtown and Polsloe
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Richard Westlake** | **1,779** | **32.9** |  |
|  | Conservative | Yolanda Henson | 1,387 | 25.7 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Pamela Thickett | 1,380 | 25.5 |  |
|  | Green | Nicholas Discombe | 695 | 12.9 |  |
|  | Independent | Dale Woolner | 100 | 1.8 |  |
| Majority | | | 392 | 7.2 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 66 | 1.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5,407 | 64.4 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,390 |  |  |
|  | Labour **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Northam
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Leonard Ford** | **2,459** | **36.8** |  |
|  | Conservative | Anthony Collins | 2,151 | 32.2 |  |
|  | UKIP | Andrew Eastman | 1,190 | 17.8 |  |
|  | Labour | Sharon Prokowski | 799 | 12.0 |  |
| Majority | | | 308 | 4.6 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 79 | 1.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,678 | 69.1 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 9,668 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Okehampton Rural
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Christine Marsh** | **3,216** | **43.4** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Kenneth Williams | 2,747 | 37.1 |  |
|  | Labour | Alison Young | 740 | 10.0 |  |
|  | UKIP | William Kelly | 632 | 8.5 |  |
| Majority | | | 469 | 6.3 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 69 | 0.9 |  |
| Turnout | | | 7,404 | 72.0 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 10,283 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Ottery St Mary Rural
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Arthur Giles** | **3,718** | **55.3** |  |
|  | Conservative | Thomas Fraser | 1,815 | 27.0 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Marion Olive | 733 | 10.9 |  |
|  | Labour | Alfred Boom | 416 | 6.2 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,903 | 28.3 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 46 | 0.7 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,728 | 74.6 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 9,022 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Pinhoe and Mincinglake
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Saxon Spence** | **2,480** | **42.6** |  |
|  | Conservative | Ruth Smith | 1,805 | 31.0 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Nigel Gooding | 1,442 | 24.8 |  |
| Majority | | | 675 | 11.6 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 89 | 1.5 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5,816 | 66.8 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,713 |  |  |
|  | Labour **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Priory and St Leonards
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Jill Owen** | **2,773** | **41.0** |  |
|  | Conservative | Norman Shiel | 1,908 | 28.2 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Rodney Ruffle | 1,367 | 20.2 |  |
|  | UKIP | Leon Courtney | 331 | 4.9 |  |
|  | Liberal | Keith Danks | 297 | 4.4 |  |
| Majority | | | 865 | 12.8 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 89 | 1.3 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,765 | 65.1 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 10,395 |  |  |
|  | Labour **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Seaton Coastal
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Margaret Rogers** | **3,538** | **53.5** |  |
|  | Conservative | James Knight | 2,624 | 39.7 |  |
|  | UKIP | Bernard Partridge-Hogbin | 299 | 4.5 |  |
| Majority | | | 914 | 13.8 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 154 | 2.3 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,615 | 70.9 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 9,327 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Sidmouth Sidford
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Stuart Hughes** | **4,736** | **62.4** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Brian Toye | 1,733 | 22.8 |  |
|  | Labour | Ray Davison | 973 | 12.8 |  |
| Majority | | | 3,003 | 39.6 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 143 | 1.9 |  |
| Turnout | | | 7,585 | 72.4 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 10,472 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

South Brent and Dartington
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **James Pennington** | **2,903** | **45.5** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Catherine Pannell | 2,749 | 43.1 |  |
|  | Labour | Bill Reeves | 614 | 9.6 |  |
| Majority | | | 154 | 2.4 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 116 | 1.8 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,382 | 73.4 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,689 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

South Molton Rural
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Jeremy Yabsley** | **3,042** | **48.5** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Susan Sewell | 2,472 | 39.4 |  |
|  | Green | Jacqueline Morningmist | 664 | 10.6 |  |
| Majority | | | 570 | 9.1 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 94 | 1.5 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,272 | 73.2 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,573 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

St David's and St James
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Philip Brock** | **2,194** | **42.9** |  |
|  | Labour | John Poat | 1,176 | 11.5 |  |
|  | Conservative | Simon Smith | 952 | 18.6 |  |
|  | Green | Isaac Price-Sosner | 586 | 11.5 |  |
|  | UKIP | Mark Fitzgeorge-Parker | 140 | 2.7 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,018 | 19.9 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 69 | 1.3 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5,117 | 59.5 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,597 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

St Loyes and Topsham
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Andrew Leadbetter** | **2,081** | **35.9** |  |
|  | Labour | Rachel Lyons | 1,261 | 21.8 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Benjamin Noble | 954 | 16.5 |  |
|  | Liberal | Margaret Danks | 914 | 15.8 |  |
|  | UKIP | Eric Bransden | 265 | 4.6 |  |
|  | Green | Paul Edwards | 259 | 4.5 |  |
| Majority | | | 820 | 14.2 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 61 | 1.1 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5,795 | 74.5 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 7,776 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Tavistock
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Roy Connelly** | **2,109** | **30.7** |  |
|  | Conservative | Philip Sanders | 1,898 | 27.7 |  |
|  | Independent | Edward Sherrell | 1,769 | 25.8 |  |
|  | Labour | Debra Hardy | 565 | 8.2 |  |
|  | UKIP | Doreen Mudge | 464 | 6.8 |  |
| Majority | | | 211 | 3.1 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 59 | 0.9 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,864 | 70.8 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 9,698 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Teign Estuary
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **David Cox** | **1,837** | **32.0** |  |
|  | Conservative | Cecilia Brown | 1,491 | 26.0 |  |
|  | Independent | Christopher Clarance | 957 | 16.7 |  |
|  | Labour | Mary Kennedy | 802 | 14.0 |  |
|  | UKIP | Christopher Whitlock | 594 | 10.4 |  |
| Majority | | | 346 | 60.3 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 56 | 1.0 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5,737 | 68.0 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,433 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Teignbridge South
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats(UK)** | **Philip Cook** | **2,406** | **37.4** |  |
|  | Conservative | William Long | 2,088 | 32.4 |  |
|  | Independent | Mary Colclough | 1,192 | 18.5 |  |
|  | Labour | Edony Verbrugge | 660 | 10.3 |  |
| Majority | | | 318 | 4.9 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 92 | 1.4 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,438 | 73.5 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,756 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Teignmouth Town
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Christopher Bray** | **1,883** | **35.1** |  |
|  | Conservative | Geoffrey Bladon | 1,465 | 27.3 |  |
|  | Independent | Sylvia Russell | 784 | 14.6 |  |
|  | Labour | Margaret Tucker | 564 | 10.5 |  |
|  | Independent | Roy Phillips | 590 | 11.0 |  |
| Majority | | | 418 | 7.8 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 83 | 1.5 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5,369 | 70.7 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 7,593 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Thurlestone, Salcombe and Allington
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Simon Day** | **2,820** | **52.1** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Rosalind Spears | 2,006 | 37.0 |  |
|  | Labour | David Trigger | 530 | 9.8 |  |
| Majority | | | 814 |  |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 59 | 1.1 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5,415 | 70.0 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 7,732 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Tiverton East
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats(UK)** | **Desmond Hannon** | **2,485** | **44.6** |  |
|  | Conservative | Dennis Knowles | 2,269 | 40.7 |  |
|  | UKIP | Christopher Caffin | 735 | 13.2 |  |
| Majority | | | 216 | 3.9 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 80 | 1.4 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5,569 | 60.9 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 9,146 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Tiverton West
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Mary Turner** | **2,327** | **35.8** |  |
|  | Conservative | Alan Griffiths | 1,693 | 26.1 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Paul Williams | 1,199 | 18.5 |  |
|  | Labour | Andrew Siantonas | 594 | 9.1 |  |
|  | UKIP | Kenneth Gilderthorp | 343 | 5.3 |  |
|  | Green | David Cottam | 269 | 4.1 |  |
| Majority | | | 634 | 9.8 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 68 | 1.0 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,493 | 68.3 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 9,503 |  |  |
|  | Independent **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Torrington Rural
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **John Rawlinson** | **2,849** | **40.6** |  |
|  | Conservative | William Morrish | 2,788 | 39.7 |  |
|  | Labour | Heathcliffe Pettifer | 714 | 10.2 |  |
|  | UKIP | Piers Merchant | 596 | 8.5 |  |
| Majority | | | 61 | 0.9 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 70 | 1.0 |  |
| Turnout | | | 7,017 | 70.6 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 9,943 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Totnes Rural
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Geoff Date** | **2,811** | **49.3** |  |
|  | Conservative | Ivor Hawkins | 1,398 | 24.5 |  |
|  | Labour | Lorna Hughes | 892 | 15.6 |  |
|  | UKIP | Peter Wyatt | 531 | 9.3 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,413 | 24.8 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 69 | 1.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5,701 | 70.6 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,076 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Willand and Uffculme
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Raymond Radford** | **3,115** | **46.1** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Kevin Wilson | 1,744 | 25.8 |  |
|  | Labour | Richard Bentley | 835 | 12.4 |  |
|  | Green | William Cheesbrough | 524 | 7.8 |  |
|  | UKIP | Marshall Haines | 473 | 7.0 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,371 | 20.3 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 70 | 1.0 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,761 | 71.2 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 9,501 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Yealmpton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **E. Mitchell** | **2,873** | **39.4** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | K. Baldry | 2,700 | 42.9 |  |
|  | UKIP | J. Williamson | 714 | 11.4 |  |
| Majority | | | 173 | 2.8 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,287 | 71.8 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,756 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **win** (new seat) | | | | |

Yelverton Rural
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **Alan Hosking** | **2,810** | **38.9** |  |
|  | Conservative | Patrick Hitchins | 2,770 | 38.4 |  |
|  | Labour | Edward Lopez | 809 | 11.2 |  |
|  | UKIP | Andrew Mudge | 783 | 10.8 |  |
| Majority | | | 40 | 0.6 |  |
| Rejected ballots | | | 50 | 0.7 |  |
| Turnout | | | 7,222 | 73.9 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 9,770 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

1. "Local election results: Devon LD GAIN FROM NOC". *BBC*. 6 May 2005. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
2. "ELECTORAL WARD 2001". *Devon County Council*. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
3. "Devon County Council Elections 2005 Results". *Devon County Council*. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
4. "Electoral systems across the UK". *Institute for Government*. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
5. "Previous election results". *Devon County Council*. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
6. "Devon County Council Election Results 1973-2009" (PDF). *Elections Centre*. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
7. "Devon County Council full election 5 May 2005". *North Devon Council*. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
8. "ELECTION RESULTS COUNTY COUNCIL ELECTION Date : 5th May 2005". *Torridge District Council*. Retrieved 14 January 2021.

## InfoBox

2005 Devon County Council election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| ---  All 62 seats to Devon County Council<br>32 seats needed for a majority | |
| First party Second party Third party  **LD**  **Con**  **Lab**  Party Liberal Democrats Conservative Labour  Last election *22 seats, 35.8%* *22 seats, 37.4%* *4 seats, 16.7%*  Seats won **33** 23 4  Seat change 12 1 1  Popular vote 142,414 **142,732** 44,813  Percentage 38.0% **38.0%** 11.9%  Swing 2.1% 0.6% 4.6%  Reference     ---  Fourth party Fifth party  **Ind**  **Lib**  Party Independent Liberal  Last election *3 seats, 6.1%* *3 seats, 2.0%*  Seats won 2 0  Seat change 1 3  Popular vote 16,692 4,300  Percentage 4.4% 1.1%  Swing 1.7% 0.9%  Reference | |
| ---  **Council control before election**<br>No overall control<br> **Council control after election** <br>Liberal Democrat<br> | |


title: 560 Delila

abstract: 560 Delila is a minor planet orbiting the Sun. It was named after the biblical character Delilah in Saint-Saëns's opera Samson et Dalila, which was first performed in German translation.

text:
# 560 Delila

**560 Delila** is a minor planet orbiting the Sun. It was named after the biblical character Delilah in Saint-Saëns's opera *Samson et Dalila*, which was first performed in German translation.

## InfoBox

560 Delila
| Discovery | |
| --- | --- |
| Discovered by | M. F. Wolf |
| Discovery site | Heidelberg |
| Discovery date | 13 March 1905 |
| Designations | |
| MPC designation | (560) Delila |
| Pronunciation | /dɛˈllə/, German: \[deːliːlaː\] |
| Alternative designations | 1905 QF |
| Orbital characteristics | |
| Epoch 31 July 2016 (JD 2457600.5) | |
| Uncertainty parameter 0 | |
| Observation arc | 111.10 yr (40580 d) |
| Aphelion | 3.1947 AU (477.92 Gm) |
| Perihelion | 2.3053 AU (344.87 Gm) |
| Semi-major axis | 2.7500 AU (411.39 Gm) |
| Eccentricity | 0.16171 |
| Orbital period (sidereal) | 4.56 yr (1665.7 ) |
| Mean anomaly | 187.50 |
| Mean motion | 0° 12m 58.032s / day |
| Inclination | 8.4698° |
| Longitude of ascending node | 105.351° |
| Argument of perihelion | 3.8614° |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Mean radius | 18.62±0.65 km |
| Synodic rotation period | 29.913  (1.2464 ) |
| Geometric albedo | 0.0733±0.005 |
| Absolute magnitude *(H)* | 11.0 |
|  | |


abstract: The Family and Small Business Taxpayer Protection Act is a proposed United States law that would rescind the expansion of the Internal Revenue Service included in the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022. It was the first bill to be introduced in the 118th Congress. Proponents of the bill, the Congressional Republicans, claim that the bill is necessary to protect middle-class Americans from increased audits and scrutiny from the IRS and hold the institution accountable. Opponents of the bill, Congressional Democrats and President Joe Biden, claim that the bill would allow higher-income Americans to avoid paying taxes and would increase the national debt. The Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 includes a provision that is based on this proposed act, rescinding $1.4 billion of the IRS expansion introduced by the Inflation Reduction Act. It was previously introduced in the 117th Congress.

text:
# Family and Small Business Taxpayer Protection Act

The **Family and Small Business Taxpayer Protection Act** is a proposed United States law that would rescind the expansion of the Internal Revenue Service included in the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022. It was the first bill to be introduced in the 118th Congress.

Proponents of the bill, the Congressional Republicans, claim that the bill is necessary to protect middle-class Americans from increased audits and scrutiny from the IRS and hold the institution accountable. Opponents of the bill, Congressional Democrats and President Joe Biden, claim that the bill would allow higher-income Americans to avoid paying taxes and would increase the national debt.

The Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 includes a provision that is based on this proposed act, rescinding $1.4 billion of the IRS expansion introduced by the Inflation Reduction Act.

It was previously introduced in the 117th Congress.

## InfoBox

Family and Small Business Taxpayer Protection Act
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Long title | To rescind certain balances made available to the Internal Revenue Service. |
| Announced in | the 118th United States Congress |
| Number of co-sponsors | 82 |
| Codification | |
| Acts affected | Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 |
| Legislative history | |
|  | |


title: Bates numbering

abstract: Bates numbering is a method of sequentially numbering pages with a reference number. A hand-operated Bates numbering device is used to "stamp" a number on a page, and the numbers will automatically advance after each stamping. Bates numbering is used in the legal, medical, and business fields to place one or more of identifying numbers, date and time marks on images and documents as they are scanned or processed, for example, during the discovery stage of preparations for trial or identifying business receipts. Bates stamping can be used to mark and identify images with copyrights by putting a company name, logo, and/or legal copyright on them. This process provides identification, protection, and automatic consecutive numbering of the pages.

text:
# Bates numbering

**Bates numbering** (also known as **Bates stamping**, **Bates branding**, **Bates coding** or **Bates labeling**) is a method of sequentially numbering pages with a reference number. A hand-operated Bates numbering device is used to "stamp" a number on a page, and the numbers will automatically advance after each stamping. Bates numbering is used in the legal, medical, and business fields to place one or more of identifying numbers, date and time marks on images and documents as they are scanned or processed, for example, during the discovery stage of preparations for trial or identifying business receipts. Bates stamping can be used to mark and identify images with copyrights by putting a company name, logo, and/or legal copyright on them. This process provides identification, protection, and automatic consecutive numbering of the pages.

## History

The Bates Automatic Numbering-Machine or Bates stamper is named after the inventor Edwin Granville Bates of New York City. Bates obtained several US patents for the device in the late 1800s and early 1900s, and in 1895 he received a Longstreth award from the Franklin Institute for his invention of a typographic number machine.

The earliest patent claimed a "new and useful improvement in Consecutive-Numbering Machines", indicating that Bates was not the originator of the idea. Bates' objective was "generally to increase the effectiveness, simplicity and compactness of machines of this general character". Each time the machine was pressed down onto a sheet of paper, a rotating wheel was moved incrementally. The original machine described by Bates allowed numbering with a four-digit sequence, ranging from 0000 to 9999. For example, page 852 in a document set would be 0852. Courts and law firms quickly adopted this system.

In later versions, the machine could be set to stamp the number multiple times, i.e., duplicates or triplicates. One drawback was the ink and pad: they could dry, making the numbers illegible.

Operating as *Bates Manufacturing Company* since its incorporation in 1890, Bates later used the name *Bates Machine Company*, later renamed to *Bates Numbering Machine Company.* This company became *Roberts Numbering Machine Company*.

In 1921, Clarence S. A. Williams purchased the company and served as its president until 1958.

In 1993, General Binding Corporation (now General Binding LLC) acquired Bates Manufacturing Company.

## Usage

Bates numbering is commonly used as an organizational method to label and identify legal documents. Nearly all American law firms use Bates stamps, though the use of manual hand-stamping is becoming increasingly rare because of the rise in electronic numbering, mostly in Portable Document Format (PDF) files rather than printed material. During the discovery phase of litigation, a large number of documents might require the use of unique identifiers for each page of each document for reference and retrieval. Bates numbering, named for the Bates Automatic Numbering-Machine, assigns an arbitrary unique identifier to each page. Such identification may be solely numeric or may contain a combination of letters and numbers (alphanumeric). There is no standard method for numbering documents, nor is there a standard type face used for such numbers.

Manual Bates stampers use a self-inking mechanism with four to seven numbered wheels. Some stampers allow for consecutive, repeat, duplicate, and triplicate numbering.

Self-adhesive labels printed with Bates numbers are common today, as is electronic discovery (eDiscovery) software that can electronically "stamp" documents stored as computer files by superimposing numbers onto them.

Bates numbering is neither universally used nor consistently applied; for example, *The Bluebook* style guide does not reference it. But, consistent with *The Bluebook*, the first citation should make it very clear what is being referenced, such as (Bates Jones000001) or (Bates d123-002), and subsequent consecutive cites should follow the usual practice of *Id.* followed by the page number, such as (*Id.* 000017) or (*Id.* -017).


title: 2015 Yongchuan International Tournament

abstract: The Dewellbon Cup 2015 Yongchuan International Tournament was the inaugural edition of the Yongchuan International Tournament, an invitational women's football tournament held in Yongchuan District, Chongqing, China.

text:
# 2015 Yongchuan International Tournament

The **Dewellbon Cup 2015 Yongchuan International Tournament** (Chinese: 2015年德威堡杯永川国际女子足球邀请赛) was the inaugural edition of the Yongchuan International Tournament, an invitational women's football tournament held in Yongchuan District, Chongqing, China.

## Participants

In September 2015, the participants were announced. New Zealand withdrew from the tournament in October 2015.

| Team | FIFA Rankings<br>(September 2015) |
| --- | --- |
| England | 5 |
| Australia | 9 |
| China (host) | 15 |

## Venues

| Chongqing | Yongchuan Sports Center |
| --- | --- |
| |  |
| | Yongchuan Sports Center |
| | 29°20′45″N 105°56′01″E / 29.345833°N 105.933611°E / 29.345833; 105.933611 (Yongchuan Sports Center) |
| | Capacity: **25,017** |

## Standings

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| China | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 2 | +1 | **4** |
| England | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | **3** |
| Australia | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | –1 | **1** |

## Match results

All times are local, CST (UTC+8).

| China | 2–1 | England |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Wang Shuang  5', 45' |  | Aluko  45+3' |

Yongchuan Sports Center, ChongqingReferee: Qin Liang (China)

| China | 1–1 | Australia |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Li Dongna  41' (pen.) |  | Butt  12' |

Yongchuan Sports Center, ChongqingReferee: Li Juan (China)

| Australia | 0–1 | England |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  | Christiansen  51' |

Yongchuan Sports Center, ChongqingReferee: Qin Liang (China)

## Statistics

There were 6 goals scored in 3 matches, for an average of 2 goals per match.

**2 goals**

**1 goal**

## InfoBox

2015 Yongchuan International Tournament
| Dewellbon Cup | |
| --- | --- |
| Tournament details | |
| Host country | China |
| City | Chongqing |
| Dates | 23–27 October 2015 |
| Teams | 3 (from 2 confederations) |
| Venue(s) | 1 (in 1 host city) |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | China (1st title) |
| Runners-up | England |
| Third place | Australia |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 3 |
| Goals scored | 6 (2 per match) |
| Top scorer(s) | Wang Shuang |
| Best player(s) | Li Dongna |
| Best goalkeeper | Karen Bardsley |
|


title: 1999–2000 FIS Cross-Country World Cup

abstract: The 1999–2000 FIS Cross-Country World Cup was the 19th official World Cup season in cross-country skiing for men and women. The season began on 27 November 1999 in Kiruna, Sweden and finished on 19 March 2000 in Bormio, Italy. Johann Mühlegg of Spain won the men's cup, and Bente Skari of Norway won the women's. The 1999–2000 World Cup season is the only season where a Middle Distance Cup has been arranged.

text:
# 1999–2000 FIS Cross-Country World Cup

The **1999–2000 FIS Cross-Country World Cup** was the 19th official World Cup season in cross-country skiing for men and women. The season began on 27 November 1999 in Kiruna, Sweden and finished on 19 March 2000 in Bormio, Italy. Johann Mühlegg of Spain won the men's cup, and Bente Skari of Norway won the women's.

The 1999–2000 World Cup season is the only season where a Middle Distance Cup has been arranged.

## Calendar

### Men

|
|  |
Key: C – Classic / F – Freestyle
| WC | Date | Place | Discipline | Winner | Second | Third | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 27 November 1999 | Kiruna | 10 km C | Odd-Bjørn Hjelmeset | Thomas Alsgaard | Ivan Bátory |  |
| 2 | 10 December 1999 | Sappada | 15 km F | Johann Mühlegg | Stephan Kunz | Christian Hoffmann |  |
| 3 | 11 December 1999 | Sappada | 7.5 km C + 7.5 km F
Double Pursuit | Thomas Alsgaard | Espen Bjervig | Stephan Kunz |  |
| 4 | 18 December 1999 | Davos | 30 km C | Frode Estil | Espen Bjervig | Niklas Jonsson |  |
| 5 | 27 December 1999 | Engelberg | Sprint C | Fabio Maj | Espen Bjervig | Odd-Bjørn Hjelmeset |  |
| 6 | 28 December 1999 | Garmisch-Partenkirchen | Sprint C | Peter Schlickenrieder | Håvard Solbakken | Martin Koukal |  |
| 7 | 29 December 1999 | Kitzbühel | Sprint F | Morten Brørs | Håvard Solbakken | Håvard Bjerkeli |  |
| 8 | 9 January 2000 | Moscow | 30 km F | Johann Mühlegg | Thomas Alsgaard | Stephan Kunz |  |
| 9 | 12 January 2000 | Nové Město | 15 km C | Thomas Alsgaard | Johann Mühlegg | Harri Kirvesniemi |  |
| 10 | 2 February 2000 | Trondheim | 10 km F | Mika Myllylä | Per Elofsson | Pietro Piller Cottrer |  |
| 11 | 5 February 2000 | Lillehammer | 10 km C + 10 km F
Combined Pursuit | Jari Isometsä | Johann Mühlegg | Mikhail Botvinov |  |
| 12 | 16 February 2000 | Ulrichen | 10 km F | Jari Isometsä | Per Elofsson | René Sommerfeldt |  |
| 13 | 20 February 2000 | Lamoura-Mouthe | 72 km F Mass Start | Johann Mühlegg | Per Elofsson | Juan Jesús Gutiérrez |  |
| 14 | 26 February 2000 | Falun | 15 km F | Johann Mühlegg | Jari Isometsä | Pietro Piller Cottrer |  |
| 15 | 28 February 2000 | Stockholm | Sprint C | Odd-Bjørn Hjelmeset | Tore Bjonviken | Håvard Solbakken |  |
| 16 | 3 March 2000 | Lahti | Sprint F | Cristian Zorzi | Morten Brørs | Silvio Fauner |  |
| 17 | 5 March 2000 | Lahti | 30 km C Mass Start | Mikhail Ivanov | Fabio Maj | Vladimir Vilisov |  |
| 18 | 8 March 2000 | Oslo | Sprint C | Odd-Bjørn Hjelmeset | Jens Arne Svartedal | Trond Iversen |  |
| 19 | 11 March 2000 | Oslo | 50 km C | Harri Kirvesniemi | Mikhail Ivanov | Mikhail Botvinov |  |
| 20 | 17 March 2000 | Bormio | 10 km C | Erling Jevne | Odd-Bjørn Hjelmeset | Frode Estil |  |
| 21 | 19 March 2000 | Bormio | 15 km F Pursuit | Jari Isometsä | Johann Mühlegg | Per Elofsson |  |

### Women

|
|  |
Key: C – Classic / F – Freestyle
| WC | Date | Place | Discipline | Winner | Second | Third | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 27 November 1999 | Kiruna | 5 km C | Bente Martinsen | Anita Moen | Kristina Šmigun |  |
| 2 | 10 December 1999 | Sappada | 10 km F | Kristina Šmigun | Larisa Lazutina | Yuliya Chepalova |  |
| 3 | 12 December 1999 | Sappada | 7.5 km F | Larisa Lazutina | Nina Gavrylyuk | Olga Danilova |  |
| 4 | 18 December 1999 | Davos | 15 km C | Olga Danilova | Larisa Lazutina | Bente Martinsen |  |
| 5 | 27 December 1999 | Engelberg | Sprint C | Nina Gavrylyuk | Anita Moen | Svetlana Nageykina |  |
| 6 | 28 December 1999 | Garmisch-Partenkirchen | Sprint F | Kristina Šmigun | Bente Martinsen | Kateřina Neumannová |  |
| 7 | 29 December 1999 | Kitzbühel | Sprint F | Bente Martinsen | Maj Helen Sorkmo | Anita Moen |  |
| 8 | 8 January 2000 | Moscow | 15 km F | Kaisa Varis | Kristina Šmigun | Nina Gavrylyuk |  |
| 9 | 12 January 2000 | Nové Město | 10 km C | Larisa Lazutina | Kristina Šmigun | Bente Martinsen |  |
| 10 | 2 February 2000 | Trondheim | 5 km F | Stefania Belmondo | Nina Gavrylyuk | Yuliya Chepalova |  |
| 11 | 5 February 2000 | Lillehammer | 5 km C + 5 km F
Combined Pursuit | Larisa Lazutina | Olga Danilova | Svetlana Nageykina |  |
| 12 | 16 February 2000 | Ulrichen | 5 km F | Kristina Šmigun | Stefania Belmondo | Sabina Valbusa |  |
| 13 | 20 February 2000 | Lamoura-Mouthe | 44 km F Mass Start | Stefania Belmondo | Kristina Šmigun | Larisa Lazutina |  |
| 14 | 26 February 2000 | Falun | 10 km F | Yuliya Chepalova | Stefania Belmondo | Larisa Lazutina |  |
| 15 | 28 February 2000 | Stockholm | Sprint C | Bente Martinsen | Pirjo Manninen | Kati Sundqvist |  |
| 16 | 3 March 2000 | Lahti | Sprint F | Kristina Šmigun | Bente Martinsen | Kaisa Varis |  |
| 17 | 5 March 2000 | Lahti | 15 km C Mass Start | Larisa Lazutina | Bente Martinsen | Anita Moen |  |
| 18 | 8 March 2000 | Oslo | Sprint C | Bente Martinsen | Pirjo Manninen | Anita Moen |  |
| 19 | 11 March 2000 | Oslo | 30 km C | Olga Danilova | Larisa Lazutina | Kaisa Varis |  |
| 20 | 17 March 2000 | Bormio | 5 km C | Bente Martinsen | Olga Danilova | Kaisa Varis |  |
| 21 | 18 March 2000 | Bormio | 10 km F Pursuit | Yuliya Chepalova | Stefania Belmondo | Kaisa Varis |  |

### Men's team

| WC | Date | Place | Discipline | Winner | Second | Third | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 28 November 1999 | Kiruna | 4 × 10 km relay F | Italy IFulvio Valbusa
Maurizio Pozzi
Fabio Maj
Silvio Fauner
 | Norway IEspen Bjervig
Kristen Skjeldal
Thomas Alsgaard
Tor Arne Hetland
 | Austria Alexander Marent
Mikhail Botvinov
Achim Walcher
Gerhard Urain
 |  |
| 2 | 8 December 1999 | Asiago | Team Sprint F | Germany Tobias Angerer
Peter Schlickenrieder
 | Norway Frode Estil
Tore Bjonviken
 | Italy Giorgio Di Centa
Cristian Zorzi
 |  |
| 3 | 19 December 1999 | Davos | 4 × 10 km relay C | Norway IOdd-Bjørn Hjelmeset
Erling Jevne
Espen Bjervig
Frode Estil
 | Sweden Håkan Nordbäck
Niklas Jonsson
Mathias Fredriksson
Urban Lindgren
 | Finland Janne Immonen
Mika Myllylä
Harri Kirvesniemi
Jari Isometsä
 |  |
| 4 | 13 January 2000 | Nové Město | 4 × 10 km relay C/F | Norway IOdd-Bjørn Hjelmeset
Erling Jevne
Kristen Skjeldal
Thomas Alsgaard
 | Austria Alexander Marent
Mikhail Botvinov
Achim Walcher
Christian Hoffmann
 | Russia IVitaly Denisov
Mikhail Ivanov
Vladimir Vilisov
Alexey Prokourorov
 |  |
| 5 | 27 February 2000 | Falun | 4 × 10 km relay F | Italy IFulvio Valbusa
Fabio Maj
Pietro Piller Cottrer
Cristian Zorzi
 | Russia Vitaly Denisov
Nikolay Bolshakov
Mikhail Ivanov
Vladimir Vilisov
 | Austria Gerhard Urain
Mikhail Botvinov
Achim Walcher
Christian Hoffmann
 |  |
| 6 | 4 March 2000 | Lahti | 4 × 10 km relay C/F | Austria Gerhard Urain
Mikhail Botvinov
Achim Walcher
Christian Hoffmann
 | Finland IJanne Immonen
Harri Kirvesniemi
Teemu Kattilakoski
Sami Repo
 | Russia IVitaly Denisov
Mikhail Ivanov
Nikolay Bolshakov
Vladimir Vilisov
 |  |

### Women's team

| WC | Date | Place | Discipline | Winner | Second | Third | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 28 November 1999 | Kiruna | 4 × 5 km relay F | Russia ILyubov Yegorova
Irina Skladneva
Anfisa Reztsova
Yuliya Chepalova
 | Russia IISvetlana Nageykina
Olga Danilova
Larisa Lazutina
Nina Gavrylyuk
 | Norway Bente Martinsen
Elin Nilsen
Hilde Gjermundshaug Pedersen
Anita Moen
 |  |
| 2 | 28 November 1999 | Asiago | Team Sprint F | Norway Anita Moen
Bente Martinsen
 | Italy Karin Moroder
Stefania Belmondo
 | Russia Irina Skladneva
Yuliya Chepalova
 |  |
| 3 | 19 December 1999 | Davos | 4 × 5 km relay C | Russia ISvetlana Nageykina
Nina Gavrylyuk
Larisa Lazutina
Olga Danilova
 | Norway IAnita Moen
Hilde Glomsås
Elin Nilsen
Bente Martinsen
 | Norway IITina Bay
Marit Roaldseth
Maj Helen Sorkmo
Rønnaug Schei
 |  |
| 4 | 13 January 2000 | Nové Město | 4 × 5 km relay C/F | Russia IOlga Danilova
Svetlana Nageykina
Lyubov Yegorova
Larisa Lazutina
 | Russia IIOlga Zavyalova
Nina Gavrylyuk
Irina Skladneva
Yuliya Chepalova
 | Norway IAnita Moen
Bente Martinsen
Elin Nilsen
Maj Helen Sorkmo
 |  |
| 5 | 27 February 2000 | Falun | 4 × 5 km relay F | Russia IOlga Danilova
Olga Zavyalova
Larisa Lazutina
Yuliya Chepalova
 | Russia IILyubov Yegorova
Svetlana Nageykina
Irina Skladneva
Nina Gavrylyuk
 | Italy Gabriella Paruzzi
Sabina Valbusa
Antonella Confortola
Stefania Belmondo
 |  |
| 6 | 4 March 2000 | Lahti | 4 × 5 km relay C/F | Russia IOlga Danilova
Nina Gavrylyuk
Olga Zavyalova
Yuliya Chepalova
 | Russia IILyubov Yegorova
Marina Denisova
Yekaterina Stchastlivaia
Irina Skladneva
 | Italy Saskia Santer
Gabriella Paruzzi
Antonella Confortola
Sabina Valbusa
 |  |

## Men's standings

## Women's standings

## Achievements

Victories in this World Cup (all-time number of victories as of 1999/2000 season in parentheses)

## InfoBox

| 1999–2000 FIS Cross-Country World Cup | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Discipline** | **Men** | **Women** |
| Overall | Johan Mühlegg | Bente Martinsen (2nd title) |
| Long Distance | Johan Mühlegg | Larisa Lazutina |
| Middle Distance | Jari Isometsä | Kristina Šmigun |
| Sprint | Morten Brørs | Bente Martinsen |
| Nations Cup | Norway | Russia |
| Nations Cup Overall | Norway | | |
| Competition | | | |
| **Locations** | 17 venues | 17 venues |
| **Individual** | 21 events | 21 events |
| **Relay/Team** | 5 events | 5 events |
|


title: Fanshawe Lake

abstract: Fanshawe Lake is a small man-made lake east of London, Ontario. It is fed by the Thames River from the north, and is separated from the river to the southwest by Fanshawe Dam. The Lake is a popular choice for boaters during the summer months, and also features many low flying aircraft, as the lake is used to line up approaches for aircraft landing in the airport to the south. The reservoir was closed to swimming in 2009 due to the presence of blue/green algae. Fanshawe Lake is a popular rowing venue, hosting several regattas throughout the year, the lake is home to the London Training Centre for Canada's women's national rowing team, the University of Western Ontario's rowing team and Western-Middlesex Rowing Club. The Fanshawe Lake trail also surrounds the lake, a 22–25 km dirt path that is popular for mountain biking, trail running, and hiking. The path is known for providing scenic views of the lake from different vantage points.

text:
# Fanshawe Lake

**Fanshawe Lake** is a small man-made lake east of London, Ontario. It is fed by the Thames River from the north, and is separated from the river to the southwest by Fanshawe Dam.

The Lake is a popular choice for boaters during the summer months, and also features many low flying aircraft, as the lake is used to line up approaches for aircraft landing in the airport to the south. The reservoir was closed to swimming in 2009 due to the presence of blue/green algae.

Fanshawe Lake is a popular rowing venue, hosting several regattas throughout the year, the lake is home to the London Training Centre for Canada's women's national rowing team, the University of Western Ontario's rowing team and Western-Middlesex Rowing Club.

The Fanshawe Lake trail also surrounds the lake, a 22–25 km dirt path that is popular for mountain biking, trail running, and hiking. The path is known for providing scenic views of the lake from different vantage points.

## InfoBox

| Fanshawe Lake | |
| --- | --- |
| Fanshawe dam in winter | |
| Fanshawe Lake | |
| Location | Ontario |
| Coordinates | 43°3′26″N 81°10′31″W / 43.05722°N 81.17528°W / 43.05722; -81.17528 |
| Type | reservoir |
| Primary inflows | Thames River |
| Basin countries | Canada |


title: Athée, Côte-d'Or

abstract: Athée is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of eastern France.

text:
# Athée, Côte-d'Or

**Athée** (French pronunciation: \[ate\] ) is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of eastern France.

## Geography

Athée is located in the *Natural Region of Val de Saône* immediately north of Auxonne and south of Poncey-lès-Athée. Access to the commune is by the D24 road from Auxonne which passes through the length of the commune and the village and continues north-west to Magny-Montarlot. The D976 comes from Poncey-lès-Athée in the north and passes through the village continuing south-west to join Route Nationale 5 west of Auxonne.

The first phase of the LGV Rhin-Rhône (140 km long) between Villers-les-Pots (Côte-d'Or) and Petit-Croix (Territoire de Belfort), opened in 2011, traverses the commune but there is no station. The nearest railway stations are at Villers-les-Pots (3 km) and Tillenay station at Auxonne (5 km), both on the Dijon to Vallorbe line.

The west and north-west of the commune are heavily forested with the rest of the commune farmland.

The Saône river forms the eastern border of the commune and there are drainage Ditches in the forests (*Grande Bois Defendu* and *Bois des Noues*) and Canal pounds in the south of the commune.

Geologically, Athée is on the Bresse Graben in the Saône Plain. The soil is sandy clay.

### Neighbouring communes and villages

## Toponymy

The name *Athée* comes from the Latin *Attegiae*, meaning "huts" or "Shepherd's cabins" which constituted the original village. Depending on the time and the writer the village has been called:

* *Attegiae* and *Ateiae* (7th century),
* *Ateias* (9th century),
* *Attegia* (11th century),
* *Ateae* (12th century),
* *Atheae* and *Athées* (13th century),
* *Estées* (14th century),
* *Athée* (16th century),
* *Attée* (17th century),
* *Athé* and *Athey* (18th century),
* *Athée* (since 1750).

## History

The oldest mention of Athée recognised by the majority of historians was in 679 in a Charter of the Cartulary of the Abbey Saint-Bénigne of Dijon.

The Lordship of Athée - consisting of Athée, Poncey, the "Grange Lochère" located at the end of a bridge over the Saône, and Auxonne, as well as Magny-lès-Auxonne 4, was probably founded in the early High Middle Ages.

It is located on Holy Roman Empire land and is one of the three territories which were fiefs of Saint-Seine-sur-Vingeanne depending on the County of Auxonne, run by counts for the monks of the priory of Saint-Vivant-en-Amous. The Lord of Athée was the vassal of Saint-Seine who was himself a vassal of the Count of Auxonne who in turn was a vassal of the monks of Saint-Vivant, who were vassals of the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire

From 1237 the Count of Auxonne was replaced in the chain of vassalage by the Duke of Burgundy following an exchange of lands between Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy and John, Count of Chalon.

From 1366 to the French Revolution the Lordship of Athée was held by co-lords who were canons of *Sainte-Chapelle de Dijon* on the one hand and Lay Lords (the Laverne, Senevoy, Moussier families) on the other.

In 1516 the lordship became subject to the Kingdom of France and depended on the bailiwick of Auxonne and the *Généralité de Bourgogne* (Generality of Burgundy).

Between 1790 and 1794 Athée, separately from Poncey and Magny, became a French commune depending on the Canton of Auxonne, the district of Saint-Jean-de-Losne, and the department of Côte-d'Or.

Since 1801 the commune has depended on the Canton of Auxonne, the Arrondissement of Dijon, the department of Côte-d'Or, and, since 1960, the region of Burgundy.

Until 1790 Athée was the seat of a Rector and the patron was the Sacristan of Dijon Cathedral depending primarily on the Deanery of Oscheret, then the Archpriest of Genlis of the Diocese of Chalon.

Today Athée is part of the parish of Auxonne, the deanery of Vingeanne-Saône, and the Diocese of Dijon.

### Historical highlights

* c.1450: the building the "Old Chateau" of Athée.
* 1516: Athée becomes French.
* 1674: King Louis XIV came to besiege the county capital, Dole. His wife, Queen Maria Theresa of Spain and his son Louis, Grand Dauphin of France spent the night at the house of the Count de Moussier - the "Old Chateau" of Athée to avoid the plague then raging in Auxonne.
* 1793: Athée becomes a commune.
* 1856–1857: Reconstruction of the Church of the Nativity of Our Lady keeping the choir from the 13th century.
* 1868: building of the boys' school which is now the town hall.
* 1875: foundation of the Athée retirement home by Victor and Fanny Moussier.
* 1877 and 1885: two fires ravaged the village.
* 1915: Athée was occupied by the *Corps expéditionnaire d'Orient* (Oriental Expeditionary Force) before their embarkation at the military quay in Villers-les-Pots.

## Administration

**List of successive mayors**

| From | To | Name |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2001 | 2008 | Jean-Louis Martin |
| 2008 | 2020 | Serge Perron |
| 2020 | 2026 | Gilbert Mazaudier |

## Demography

The inhabitants of the commune are known as *Athéens* or *Athéennes* in French.

Historical population
| Year Pop. ±% p.a.  1793  463       1800  469 +0.18%  1806  402 −2.54%  1821  467 +1.00%  1831  538 +1.43%  1836  492 −1.77%  1841  482 −0.41%  1846  509 +1.10%  1851  516 +0.27%  1856  540 +0.91%  1861  510 −1.14%  1866  509 −0.04%  1872  509 +0.00%  1876  548 +1.86%  1881  549 +0.04%  1886  570 +0.75%  1891  539 −1.11%  1896  531 −0.30% | Year Pop. ±% p.a.  1901  521 −0.38%  1906  506 −0.58%  1911  503 −0.12%  1921  451 −1.09%  1926  441 −0.45%  1931  469 +1.24%  1936  470 +0.04%  1946  482 +0.25%  1954  464 −0.47%  1962  472 +0.21%  1968  499 +0.93%  1975  531 +0.89%  1982  610 +2.00%  1990  593 −0.35%  1999  600 +0.13%  2007  751 +2.85%  2012  780 +0.76%  2017  781 +0.03% |
| --- | --- |
| Source: EHESS and INSEE | |

## Lieux et monuments

* A **Château** (probably 15th century), called "Vieux-Château" (Old Chateau), Rue du Centre;
* 3 **Wayside Crosses** (19th century), Rue de l'Église, Rue du Centre, and Rue de la Saône;
* A **Girls' School** (19th century), today a house, Rue du Centre;
* The **Church of Notre-Dame-de-la-Nativité** (19th century with a choir from the 13th century), Rue de l'Église;
* A **Lavoir** (Public laundry) (19th century), Rue de l'Égalité;
* The **Town Hall** (19th century), Rue de l'Égalité;
* A **Retirement home** "Les Logis du Parc Victor et Fanny Moussier" (1875), Rue du Centre;
* A Weighbridge (20th century), Rue du Centre/Rue de la Bascule;
* The **War Memorial** (20th century), Rue de l'Église;
* 2 **Wells**, Rue de l'Égalité and Rue du Centre;

The **Church of Notre-Dame-de-la-Nativité** contains the Tombstone of Guillaume Bouot (16th century) which is registered as a historical object.

## Notable people linked to the commune

## InfoBox

| Athée | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| The Château of Athée | |
|  | |
| Location of Athée | |
| AthéeAthée | |
| Coordinates: 47°13′51″N 5°22′20″E / 47.2308°N 5.3722°E / 47.2308; 5.3722 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté |
| Department | Côte-d'Or |
| Arrondissement | Dijon |
| Canton | Auxonne |
| Intercommunality | CC Auxonne Pontailler Val Saône |
| Government | |
| Mayor (20202026) | Gilbert Mazaudier |
| Area**1** | 9.43 km2 (3.64 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 787 |
| Density | 83/km2 (220/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 21028 /21130 |
| Elevation | 182–232 m (597–761 ft)
(avg. 203 m or 666 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: Bellona–Gittings, Baltimore

abstract: Bellona–Gittings is a neighborhood in the North District of Baltimore, located between the neighborhoods of Cedarcroft (east) and The Orchards (west). Its boundaries are marked by the Baltimore County line (north), East Melrose Avenue (south), Bellona Avenue (east) and North Charles Street (west). Many of the houses in this neighborhood were built from 1853 to 1956, with a wide variety of styles. Aside from one historic commercial building, the neighborhood is residential. The Baltimore neighborhood of Bellona–Gittings is part of the Bellona–Gittings Historic District, which extends over the Baltimore County line to Charlesbrooke and Overbrook Roads to the north, and includes the Baltimore neighborhood of Cedarcroft to the east. Although the historic district overlaps jurisdictions, developer Philip E. Lamb designed its roads and houses in 1910 with a distinct, cohesive character.

text:
# Bellona–Gittings, Baltimore

**Bellona–Gittings** is a neighborhood in the North District of Baltimore, located between the neighborhoods of Cedarcroft (east) and The Orchards (west). Its boundaries are marked by the Baltimore County line (north), East Melrose Avenue (south), Bellona Avenue (east) and North Charles Street (west). Many of the houses in this neighborhood were built from 1853 to 1956, with a wide variety of styles. Aside from one historic commercial building, the neighborhood is residential.

The Baltimore neighborhood of Bellona–Gittings is part of the Bellona–Gittings Historic District, which extends over the Baltimore County line to Charlesbrooke and Overbrook Roads to the north, and includes the Baltimore neighborhood of Cedarcroft to the east. Although the historic district overlaps jurisdictions, developer Philip E. Lamb designed its roads and houses in 1910 with a distinct, cohesive character.

## Demographics

Bellona–Gittings is a predominantly white neighborhood, with a population of 616 estimated in 2009. Median household income for the neighborhood, at $131,426 in 2009, was well over the citywide median of only $38,772. Only 4.4 percent of Bellona–Gittings families had incomes below the poverty level, while the citywide average for 2009 was at 22.9 percent. The average price of a single family home in Bellona–Gittings was $593,806, compared with the city's average price of $274,562.

## Public transportation

LocalLink 51 (BaltimoreLink) operates along Bellona Avenue, providing local bus service between Towson Town Center and Downtown Baltimore.

## InfoBox

| Bellona–Gittings | |
| --- | --- |
| neighborhood statistical area | |
| House on the 6200 block of Mossway in Bellona-Gittings, Baltimore | |
| Bellona–Gittings | |
| Coordinates: 39°22′7″N 76°37′21″W / 39.36861°N 76.62250°W / 39.36861; -76.62250 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Maryland |
| City | Baltimore |
| Area | |
| Total | .211 sq mi (0.55 km2) |
| Land | .211 sq mi (0.55 km2) |
| Population (2009) | |
| Total | 616 |
| Density | 2,900/sq mi (1,100/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| ZIP code | 21212 |
| Area code | 410, 443, and 667 |


title: Axis & Allies: Europe

abstract: Axis & Allies: Europe is a strategic board wargame produced by Hasbro under the Avalon Hill name brand. Designed by Larry Harris, who designed the original Axis & Allies board game, Axis & Allies: Europe focuses game play on the European Theatre of World War II. Despite its historical setting, the game was designed for a balanced competition between sides, and therefore was not intended to be an accurate historical simulation. In 2001, Axis & Allies:Europe won the Origins Award for Best Historical Board Game of 2000. Axis & Allies: Europe is set in the spring of 1941 and covers the conflicts between Germany and the Soviet Union, Great Britain (U.K.), and the United States (U.S.) across Europe, the Atlantic, North Africa, and the Middle East.

text:
# Axis & Allies: Europe

***Axis & Allies: Europe*** is a strategic board wargame produced by Hasbro under the Avalon Hill name brand. Designed by Larry Harris, who designed the original *Axis & Allies* board game, *Axis & Allies: Europe* focuses game play on the European Theatre of World War II.

Despite its historical setting, the game was designed for a balanced competition between sides, and therefore was not intended to be an accurate historical simulation.

In 2001, *Axis & Allies:Europe* won the Origins Award for *Best Historical Board Game of 2000*.

*Axis & Allies: Europe* is set in the spring of 1941 and covers the conflicts between Germany and the Soviet Union, Great Britain (U.K.), and the United States (U.S.) across Europe, the Atlantic, North Africa, and the Middle East.

## Game play

The game is designed to be played with 2–4 players, representing the nations of Germany, the U.S., Great Britain, and the Soviet Union, with the latter three nations composing the Allied forces. Both sides compete against each other using units for control of territories, which produce IPCs (Industrial Production Certificates) used to purchase more units.

Victory is achieved in a similar manner for both sides. The Allies (the Soviet, British, and American players) must occupy Germany for one turn, while maintaining possession of their respective home territories for that duration. The German player must occupy the territory of one of the three Allied nations for one turn, while maintaining possession of Germany. In the case that the Allies win and each Allied nation is controlled by a different player, then a winner may be decided between them by determining who had the greatest increase in IPC income from the starting point.

### A typical turn

A turn consists of the following phases:

1. Purchase new units using your IPCs. These units will be placed in a later phase.
2. Conduct combat movements. This involves moving units into enemy territories, deciding what combat will take place in the next phase.
3. Resolve combat. This involves a number of die rolls between opposing players, representing the combat between the involved units.
4. Conduct non-combat movement. This involves moving units that did not move in phase 2.
5. Place new units. This involves placing units purchased in step 1 in eligible territories.
6. Collect income. The amount of IPCs collected depends on the territories the player owns.

### Units

Each player may control and purchase the following units.

InfantryInfantry are the cheapest unit to purchase, but are considerably weaker than other units. They are better at defending than attacking, and move slowly at one territory in one turn. ArtilleryArtillery units are slightly stronger than infantry, but are unique in that, when combined with an infantry unit in an attack, they improve the effectiveness of the infantry unit. ArmorArmor units are considerably stronger than infantry and artillery. They are better at attacking than defending, and are capable of moving up to two territories in one turn. Anti-aircraftWhile unable to participate directly in combat, anti-aircraft units may be used to defend against enemy aircraft. BombersBombers are an expensive offensive unit, also capable of conducting a Strategic Bombing Raid against enemies. FightersFighters are an air unit effective at both offense and defense. BattleshipsBattleships are the strongest naval unit, with strong offense and defense. They take two hits to sink. Aircraft CarriersAircraft Carriers are a decent defensive unit that provide a place for allied aircraft to land. DestroyersDestroyers are naval units with moderate offensive and defensive capabilities. They can negate the special abilities of submarines. SubmarinesSubmarines are naval units capable of attacking prior to actual combat. They may also submerge to retreat from a battle. TransportTransports are naval units weak in combat, but capable of carrying land units.

### Changes from *Axis & Allies*

A number of significant game play changes were made from the original *Axis & Allies*.

1. Players may use two new combat units – artillery and destroyers.
2. IPCs in the possession of the Allied nations may be attacked by the German navy.
3. Players' units may not move through neutral territories.
4. There is no weapons research.
5. Players are not capable of purchasing and constructing new Industrial Complexes.
6. Friendly fighters may escort bombers during Strategic Bombing Raids and enemy fighters may attack bombers.
7. Both battleships and submarines have been given new abilities.
8. In the case where Germany captures Middle East territories, the Allied nations must pay IPCs to Germany.
9. Order of play has been changed.
10. Each country is given a sum of IPCs prior to the start of the game.
11. Allied units in Soviet Union territories are subject to special control by the Soviet Union player.

## InfoBox

Axis & Allies: Europe
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Manufacturers | Avalon Hill |
| Designers | Larry Harris |
| Publishers | Wizards of the Coast |
| Players | 2–4 |
| Chance | Medium |
| Skills | Dice rolling
Economic thought
Strategic thought
Team play |
| Website | Official website |


title: Family as a model for the state

abstract: The family as a model for the organization of the state is a theory of political philosophy. It explains the structure of certain kinds of state in terms of the structure of the family, or it attempts to justify certain types of state by appeal to the structure of the family. The first known writer to use it was Aristotle, who argued that the natural progression of human beings was from the family via small communities to the polis. Many writers from ancient times to the present have seen parallels between the family and the forms of the state. In particular, monarchists have argued that the state mirrors the patriarchal family, with the people obeying the king as children obey their father.

text:
# Family as a model for the state

The **family as a model for the organization of the state** is a theory of political philosophy. It explains the structure of certain kinds of state in terms of the structure of the family (as a model or as a claim about the historical growth of the state), or it attempts to justify certain types of state by appeal to the structure of the family. The first known writer to use it (certainly in any clear and developed way) was Aristotle, who argued that the natural progression of human beings was from the family via small communities to the polis.

Many writers from ancient times to the present have seen parallels between the family and the forms of the state. In particular, monarchists have argued that the state mirrors the patriarchal family, with the people obeying the king as children obey their father.

## Ancient Greek thought

The family-state model was first expressed in ancient times, often as a form of justification for aristocratic rule.

Plutarch records a laconic saying of the Dorians attributed to Lycurgus. Asked why he did not establish a democracy in the Lacedæmon, Lycurgus responded: "Begin, friend, and set it up in your family." The Dorians of Crete and Sparta seemed to mirror the family institution and organization in their form of government (see Plutarch's *The Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romans* — Lycurgus, p. 65).

Aristotle often describes personal and domestic relationships in terms of different forms of government. He gives examples such as men and their domestic animals, wives, slaves, and children. He says, for example: "the government of a household is a monarchy, since every house is governed by a single ruler."(2)/ "The rule of a household is a monarchy, for every house is under one head" Later in the same text, he says that husbands exercise a republican government over their wives and monarchical government over their children, and that they exhibit political office over slaves and royal office over the family in general. (*Politics* Bk I, §v, 1–2; 1259a 35–1259b 1)

However, while he is prepared to use political terms as metaphors for domestic relationships, he is equally clear that such metaphors are limited:

> Some thinkers, however, suppose that statesman, king, estate manager, and master of a family have a common character. This is a mistake; they think that the distinction between them is not a difference in kind, but a simple, numerical difference.” (*Politics* Bk I, §i)

"The rule of a father over his children is royal, for he rules by virtue both of love and of the respect due to age, exercising a kind of royal power"

> After discussing the various domestic relationships, he concludes: “mastership and statesmanship are not identical, nor are all forms of power the same, as some thinkers suppose. (*Politics* Bk I, §vi)

Aristotle's main notion is that the ancient Greek *polis*, or city-state, is the natural end of human beings; they start in family groups, progress naturally to forming villages, and finally come together in cities. Thus, the family forms the root of human relationships, but the city is the flower.

Arius Didymus in Stobaeus, 1st century CE, writes: "A primary kind of association (politeia) is the legal union of a man and woman for begetting children and for sharing life." From the collection of households a village is formed and from villages a city, "\[s\]o just as the household yields for the city the seeds of its formation, thus it yields the constitution (politeia)." Further, he claims: "Connected with the house is a pattern of monarchy, of aristocracy and of democracy. The relationship of parents to children is monarchic, of husbands to wives aristocratic, of children to one another democratic." (*Hellenistic Commentary to the New Testament*, edd Boring, Berger, & Colpe)

## Confucian thought

Confucius believed the child should be subordinate to the parent, younger brother to the older, wife to husband, and subject to the sovereign who is to be regarded as the father of the nation. The state as the family writ large was the most harmonious, orderly, and natural form of government. This was later expanded to cover international relations (e.g. the emperor of China is treated as the older brother of the Korean king). Confucian family theory is still espoused in North Korea to justify their method of leadership succession.

The concept of family is important in classical Confucianism. For Confucius, *xiào* or filial piety was a  or virtue. The character representing *xiào*, 孝, itself represents a basic family structure, with the upper component representing elders (*lao*, old), and the lower representing children (*zi*, son). Those acting with filial piety, such as through the performances of  were therefore acting in accordance with  (righteousness, or fulfilling one's proper roles or acting in harmony with one's station). The relationship of this concept to the state is discussed at length in the *Xiàojīng*, or Classic of Filial Piety. In politics, *xiào* is not simply loyalty on the part of subordinates and citizens, but also an expectation for the king to provide for his subjects with "paternal love"; just as the people were expected to act with respect for the king's law, the king was expected to make those laws out of kindness for the people.

The American diplomat Edmund Roberts in his description of Canton City, which he visited in 1832, included a quote on this for which he gives no source, but it was subsequently include in latter 18th-century publications, again without a source:

> The sovereign of men, say they, "is heaven's son; nobles and statesmen are the sovereign's children; the people are the children of nobles and statesmen. The sovereign should serve heaven as a father, never forgetting to cherish reverential thoughts, but exciting himself to illustrate his virtues, and looking up to receive from heaven, the vast patrimony which it confers; thus the emperors will daily increase in felicity and glory. Nobles and ministers of state should serve their sovereign as a father, never forgetting to cherish reverential thoughts, not harbouring covetous and sordid desires, nor engaging in wicked and clandestine thoughts, but faithfully and justly exerting themselves; thus their noble rank will be preserved. The people should never forget to cherish reverential thoughts towards the nobles and ministers of state, to obey and keep the laws; to excite no secret or open rebellion; then no great calamity will befall their persons."

## Modern thought

Louis de Bonald wrote as if the family were a miniature state. In his analysis of the family relationships of father, mother and child, he related them to the functions of a state: the father is the power, the mother is the minister and the child as subject. As the father is “active and strong” and the child is “passive or weak”, the mother is the “median term between the two extremes of this continuous proportion”. De Bonald justified his analysis by quoting and interpreting passages from the Bible:

> \[It\] calls man the *reason*, the *head*, the power of woman: *Vir caput est mulieris* \[man is head of woman\] says St Paul. It calls woman the helper or *minister* of man: "Let us make man", says Genesis, "a helper similar to him." It calls the child a *subject*, since it tells it, in a thousand places, to obey its parents. (*On Divorce* pp. 44–46)

Bonald also sees divorce as the first stage of disorder in the state (the principle of macrocosm/microcosm). He insists that the *deconstitution* of the family brings about the deconstitution of state, with “The Kyklos” not far behind. (*On Divorce*, pp. 88–89, 149.)

Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn draws a connection between the family and monarchy:

> Due to its inherent patriarchalism, monarchy fits organically into the ecclesiastic and familistic pattern of a Christian society. (Compare the teaching of Pope Leo XIII: 'Likewise the powers of fathers of families preserves expressly a certain image and form of the authority which is in God, from which *all paternity in heaven and earth receives its name* — Eph 3.15') The relationship between the King as 'father of the fatherland' and the people is one of mutual love. (*Liberty or Equality*, p. 155)

## Politics and the family

In her book, *Delacroix, Art and Patrimony in Post-Revolutionary France*, Elisabeth Fraser analyses Eugène Delacroix's famous “Massacres of Chios” (1824), which helped galvanise philo-Hellenism in France. Delacroix's symbol for the oppressed Greek nation was a family employed as a conceptual and visual structuring device. A reviewer encapsulated Fraser's argument:

> Equating patriarchal family metaphor with government paternalism and imperialist protectionism, the chapter argues that such familial intimations, heightened by acute emotionalism and hints of a Western culture soiled by Eastern penetration, corresponded to and reflected a paternalistic government urge to protect the victimized Greeks, a thinly veiled justification for French colonial intervention in the Mediterranean.

More recently, George Lakoff has claimed that the left/right distinction in politics comes from a difference between ideals of the family in the mind of the person in question; for right-wing people, the ideal is a patriarchical and moralistic family; for left-wing people, the ideal is an unconditionally loving family. As a result, Lakoff argues, both sides find each other's views not only immoral, but incomprehensible, since they appear to violate each side's deeply held beliefs about personal morality in the sphere of the family.

Such a model is not a recent addition to modern discourse; J. Vernon Jenson discussed “British Voices on the Eve of the American Revolution: Trapped by the Family Metaphor” in the *Quarterly Journal of Speech* 63 (1977), pp. 43–50.

The idea of the commonwealth as a family is close to cliché; it permeates political discourse at every level:

> There is an historic American National Family metaphor .. That American National Family frame is like any real extended family-fractious but in the end functional. There are people in it who aren't just like you, but they are still family and we still have to try to solve our problems together, despite our differences.

* Aristotle *Politics* (Loeb Classical Library)
* Louis de Bonald *On Divorce* trans. Nicholas Davidson (1993, New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers)
* M. Eugene Boring, Klaus Berger, & Carsten Colpe \[edd\] *Hellenistic Commentary to the New Testament* (1995, Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press)
* Elisabeth Fraser *Delacroix, Art and Patrimony in Post-Revolutionary France* (2004, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
* von Kuehnelt-Leddihn *Liberty or Equality*
* George Lakoff *What Conservatives Know That Liberals Don't* ISBN 0226467961
* Plutarch *The Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romans* trans. John Dryden and revised by Arthur Hugh Clough (The Modern Library: div. of Random House)