title: 1991 Railway Cup Hurling Championship

abstract: The 1991 Railway Cup Hurling Championship was the 64th staging of the Railway Cup, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-provincial hurling tournament. The championship began on 10 March 1991 and ended on 7 April 1991. Connacht were the defending champions. On 7 April 1991, Connacht won the cup following a 1-13 to 0-12 defeat of Munster in the final. This was their 8th Railway Cup title and their second in succession after winning the last cup title in 1989.

text:
# 1991 Railway Cup Hurling Championship

The **1991 Railway Cup Hurling Championship** was the 64th staging of the Railway Cup, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-provincial hurling tournament. The championship began on 10 March 1991 and ended on 7 April 1991.

Connacht were the defending champions.

On 7 April 1991, Connacht won the cup following a 1-13 to 0-12 defeat of Munster in the final. This was their 8th Railway Cup title and their second in succession after winning the last cup title in 1989.

## Results

**Semi-finals**

| 10 March 1991 Semi-final | **Munster** | **2-19 - 1-10** | **Leinster** | Páirc Uí Chaoimh, Cork |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | N English 1-2, T O'Sullivan 0-5, C Bonnar 1-1, B O'Sullivan 0-3, T Guilfoyle 0-3, J Leahy 0-3, G Fitzgerald 0-2. |  | DJ Carey 1-0, J Houlihan 0-3, B McMahon 0-2, T Dempsey 0-2, R Mannion 0-1, G Jackson 0-1, L Dunne 0-1. | Referee: G McGlory (Antrim) |

| 10 March 1991 Semi-final | **Connacht** | **1-11 - 1-6** | **Ulster** | Kenny Park, Athenry |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | J Cooney 1-1, M Connolly 0-3, M McGrath 0-2, M Naughton 0-2, G Burke 0-2, J Rabbitte 0-1. |  | G McGeehan 1-0, J Elliott 0-3, A Elliott 0-1, D Hughes 0-1, C Barr 0-1. | Referee: T Murray (Limerick) |

**Final**

| 7 April 1991 Final | **Connacht** | **1-13 - 0-12** | **Munster** | Croke Park, Dublin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | M McGrath 1-4, G Burke 0-3, J Cooney 0-2, A Cunningham 0-2, J Rabbitte 0-2. |  | M Cleary 0-7, T Guilfoyle 0-2, B O'Sullivan 0-1, G Fitzgerald 0-1, J Leahy 0-1. | Attendance: 2,000<br>Referee: D Murphy (Wexford) |

## Scoring statistics

Top scorers overall

| Rank | Player | Team | Tally | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Michael McGrath | Connacht | 1-06 | 9 |
| 2 | Michael Cleary | Munster | 0-07 | 7 |
| 3 | Joe Cooney | Connacht | 1-03 | 6 |

Top scorers in a single game

| Rank | Player | Team | Tally | Total | Opposition |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Michael McGrath | Connacht | 1-04 | 7 | Munster |
| | Michael Cleary | Munster | 0-07 | 7 | Connacht |
| 3 | Nicky English | Munster | 1-02 | 5 | Leinster |
| | Tony O'Sullivan | Munster | 0-05 | 5 | Leinster |
| 5 | Cormac Bonnar | Munster | 1-01 | 4 | Leinster |
| | Joe Cooney | Connacht | 1-01 | 4 | Ulster |

## Bibliography

* Donegan, Des, *The Complete Handbook of Gaelic Games* (DBA Publications Limited, 2005).

## InfoBox

1991 Railway Cup
| Dates | 10 March 1991 – 7 April 1991 |
| --- | --- |
| Teams | 4 |
| Champions | Connacht (8th title) |
| Runners-up | Munster |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 3 |
| Goals scored | 6 (2 per match) |
| Points scored | 71 (23.67 per match) |
| Top scorer(s) | Michael McGrath (1-06) |
| 1989 (Previous) (Next) 1992 | |


title: 1992 in Irish television

text:
# 1992 in Irish television

The following is a list of events relating to television in Ireland from 1992.

## Events

## Debuts

### RTÉ One

### Network 2

## Changes of network affiliation

| Shows | Moved from | Moved to |
| --- | --- | --- |
| *Coronation Street* | Network 2 | RTÉ One |
| *Henry's Leg* | RTÉ One | Network 2 |
| *All Change* | RTÉ One | Network 2 |
| *Round the Bend* | RTÉ One | Network 2 |
| *Thunderbirds* | RTÉ One | Network 2 |
| *Bosco* | RTÉ One | Network 2 |
| *Children's Island* | RTÉ One | Network 2 |
| / *Rocky Hollow* | RTÉ One | Network 2 |
| *Loopy de Loop* | RTÉ One | Network 2 |
| *Satellite City* | RTÉ One | Network 2 |

## Ongoing television programmes

### 1960s

### 1970s

### 1980s

### 1990s

## Ending this year

## InfoBox

| List of years in Irish television (table) |
| --- |
|  |
| *+...* |


title: En Busca de un Ídolo 2014

abstract: CMLL held their third annual En Busca de un Ídolo in 2014 starting on March 25 and running until June 20. All tournament matches took place in CMLL's main building, Arena México on Tuesdays and Fridays for the first round and exclusively on Fridays during CMLL's Super Viernes for the second round. Like the first tournament the 2014 version focused on a group of young wrestlers trying to prove themselves to both CMLL and the fans. The first round of the tournament was a Round-robin tournament format between eight wrestlers, scoring points based on victories, judges assessments and an online poll. The second round included the top four winners of round one, once again in a round-robin tournament with points. The final match featured the top two point earners in a match against each other, with the winner taking the trophy and prize. In the end Cavernario defeated Hechicero to win the entire tournament.

text:
# En Busca de un Ídolo 2014

CMLL held their third annual ***En Busca de un Ídolo*** ("In Search of an Idol") in 2014 starting on March 25 and running until June 20. All tournament matches took place in CMLL's main building, Arena México on Tuesdays and Fridays for the first round and exclusively on Fridays during CMLL's *Super Viernes* for the second round. Like the first tournament the 2014 version focused on a group of young wrestlers trying to prove themselves to both CMLL and the fans. The first round of the tournament was a Round-robin tournament format between eight wrestlers, scoring points based on victories, judges assessments and an online poll. The second round included the top four winners of round one, once again in a round-robin tournament with points. The final match featured the top two point earners in a match against each other, with the winner taking the trophy and prize. In the end Cavernario defeated Hechicero to win the entire tournament.

## Tournament Prize

The winner of the tournament would be given the opportunity to work on the 2015 *Fantastica Mania* show, an event co-promoted by CMLL and New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) that takes place in Japan once a year. The winner would also receive a title match for the Mexican National Welterweight Championship against champion Titán at a later date.

## Participants

The 2014 tournament began with a 16-man *Torneo cibernetico* elimination match, where the first 8 wrestlers eliminated from the match would not move on to the Round-robin tournament portion of the show. The match took place on March 25, 2014 and saw Black Panther, Canelo Casas, El Rebelde, Espiritu Negro, Flyer, Herodes Jr., Metálico and Oro Jr. from the tournament. The eight finalist were randomly split into two teams, each given their own coach, Negro Casas and Virus.

Team Negro Casas Team Virus Judges

## Round one

| Round 1 | Cachorro | Cavernario | Dragon Lee | Guerrero Negro Jr. | Hechicero | Soberano Jr. | Star Jr. | Super Halcón Jr. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Cachorro | X | Cachorro | Dragon Lee | Guerrero Negro Jr. | Cachorro | Soberano Jr. | Cachorro | Cachorro |
| Cavernario | Cachorro | X | Cavernario | Cavernario | Hechicero | Cavernario | Cavernario | Cavernario |
| Dragon Lee | Dragon Lee | Cavernario | X | Dragon Lee | Draw | Dragon Lee | Star Jr. | Dragon Lee |
| Guerrero Negro Jr. | Guerrero Negro Jr. | Cavernario | Dragon Lee | X | Guerrero Negro Jr. | Guerrero Negro Jr. | Star Jr. | Super Halcón Jr. |
| Hechicero | Cavernario | Hechicero | Draw | Guerrero Negro Jr. | X | Soberano Jr. | Hechicero | Hechicero |
| Soberano Jr. | Soberano Jr. | Cavernario | Dragon Lee | Guerrero Negro Jr. | Soberano Jr. | X | Star Jr. | Super Halcón Jr. |
| Star Jr. | Cachorro | Cavernario | Star Jr. | Star Jr. | Hechicero | Star Jr. | X | Super Halcón Jr. |
| Super Halcón Jr. | Cachorro | Cavernario | Dragon Lee | Super Halcón Jr. | Hechicero | Super Halcón Jr. | Super Halcón Jr. | X |

Overall standings

| Rank | Name | Points |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Hechicero | 565 |
| 2 | Cavernario | 451 |
| 3 | Cachorro | 433 |
| 4 | Dragon Lee | 423 |
| 5 | Star Jr. | 406 |
| 6 | Soberano Jr. | 395 |
| 7 | Super Halcón Jr. | 339 |
| 8 | Guerrero Negro Jr. | 336 |

## Round two

On May 23, 2014 the four finalists and their trainers faced off in a six-man tag team match. Since Virus only had one of his team members advance CMLL moved Cachorro to his team with Virus, Cachorro and Hechicero defeating Negro Casas, Cavernario and Dragon Lee in a preview of the second round.

| Round 2 | Cachorro | Cavernario | Dragon Lee | Hechicero |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Cachorro | X | Cachorro | Dragon Lee | Hechicero |
| Cavernario | Cachorro | X | Cavernario | Cavernario |
| Dragon Lee | Dragon Lee | Cavernario | X | Hechicero |
| Hechicero | Hechicero | Cavernario | Hechicero | X |

Overall standings

| Rank | Name | Points |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Hechicero | 250 |
| 2 | Cavernario | 202 |
| 3 | Dragon Lee | 198 |
| 4 | Cachorro | 195 |

## Finals and aftermath

The finals took place on June 20, 2014 between the two top point earners, Hechicero and Cavernario. Hechicero had been the point leader throughout both rounds of the tournament, largely due to the fan votes, lost to Cavernario two falls to one. The following week Negro Casas, Virus and the 8 tournament competitors faced off in a *Torneo cibernetico* elimination match that saw Negro eliminate Virus to win the match. On July 27, 2014 Cavernario cashed in one of his tournament prizes as he faced Titán for the Mexican National Welterweight Championship, but lost.

## InfoBox

| *En Busca de un Ídolo* 2014 | |
| --- | --- |
| Poster advertising the June 20 finale | |
| Promotion | Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) |
| Date | March 25, 2014 to June 20, 2014 |
| City | Mexico City, Mexico |
| Venue | Arena México |
| Tagline(s) | *"In search of an idol 2014"* |
| Event chronology | |
| **Previous**
*Homenaje a Dos Leyendas* **Next**
*Reyes del Aire* | |
| *En Busca de un Ídolo* chronology | |
| **Previous**
2013 **Next**
2015 | |


title: Arez Ahmed

abstract: Syed Arez Ahmed is a Pakistani actor and model. He is known for his roles in Mehar Posh, Kahin Deep Jaley, Mera Rab Waris, Mohabbat Daagh Ki Soorat and Uraan.

text:
# Arez Ahmed

**Syed Arez Ahmed** is a Pakistani actor and model. He is known for his roles in *Mehar Posh*, *Kahin Deep Jaley*, *Mera Rab Waris*, *Mohabbat Daagh Ki Soorat* and *Uraan*.

## Early life and education

Arez was born in 1991 on 7 November in Karachi, Pakistan. He completed his studies from University of Karachi graduated with Bachelors in Maritime Studies. Later he studied at Institute of Business Management. During his university days he acted in some plays.

He served in the Merchant Navy before joining NAPA to pursue theatre intensively for some two years.

## Career

In 2016, he made his debut in drama *Maikay Ki Yaad Na Aaye* as Subhan and later in 2017 he appeared in drama *Bholi Bano* as Soban.

He was noted for his roles in dramas *Hina Ki Khushboo*, *Sodai*, *Tum Se Hi Talluq Hai* and *Piya Naam Ka Diya*. He also appeared in dramas *Shahrukh Ki Saliyan*, *Mera Rab Waris*, *Kahin Deep Jaley* and *Tarap*. Since then he appeared in dramas *Uraan*, *Dil Tanha Tanha* and *Mehar Posh*.

In 2019, he appeared in *Senti Aur Mental* and in a movie *Betabiyan* as Zain.

## Personal life

On 7 December 2021, he revealed that he will marry his *Bholi Bano*, *Tarap* and *Inteha e Ishq* co-star Hiba Bukhari. They later got married in a private Nikah ceremony held on 7 January 2022.

## Filmography

### Television serials

| Year | Title | Role | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2016 | *Maikay Ki Yaad Na Aaye* | Subhan | Geo TV |
| 2017 | *Bholi Bano* | Soban | Geo Entertainment |
| | *Hina Ki Khushboo* | Azlan | Geo Entertainment |
| 2018 | *Sodai* | Haroon | Express Entertainment |
| | *Seerat* | Sumair | Geo TV |
| | *Khatakaar* | Arsal | Express Entertainment |
| | *Tum Se Hi Talluq Hai* | Ashir | Geo Entertainment |
| 2019 | *Piya Naam Ka Diya* | Shayaan | Geo Entertainment |
| | *Shahrukh Ki Saliyan* | Abu Bakr | Geo Entertainment |
| | *Mera Rab Waris* | Hashir | Geo Entertainment |
| | *Kahin Deep Jaley* | Asim | Geo Entertainment |
| 2020 | *Dikhawa* | Zaid | Geo Entertainment |
| | *Mera Wajood* | Babar | Express Entertainment |
| | *Tarap* | Faris | Hum TV |
| | *Makafaat Season 2* | Sufiyan | Geo Entertainment |
| | *Humraaz* | Sheraz | Apna Channel |
| | *Dil Tanha Tanha* | Sohail | Hum TV |
| | *Uraan* | Waqas | Geo Entertainment |
| | *Mehar Posh* | Waqas | Geo Entertainment |
| 2021 | *Makafaat Season 3* | Ali | Geo Entertainment |
| | *Mazaaq Raat* | Himself | Dunya News |
| | *Mohabbat Daagh Ki Soorat* | Khalid | Geo Entertainment |
| | *Wafa Be Mol* | Shaheer | Hum TV |
| | *Inteha e Ishq* | Saim | A-Plus |
| | *Mere Apne* | Usama | ARY Digital |
| 2022 | *Aitebaar* | Asfand | Hum TV |
| | *Roag* | Rehan | Hum TV |
| | *Ishq Nahin Aasan* | Amir | Aan TV |
| | *Muqaddar Ka Sitara* | Faizan | ARY Digital |
| 2023 | *Makafaat Season 5* | Nadir | Geo Entertainment |
| | *Shanaas* | Raamis | Green TV Entertainment |
| | *Qabeel* | Tasawar Shah | Aur Life |
| | *Mein Kahani Hun* | Burhan | Express Entertainment |
| 2024 | *Dao* | Asim | Geo Entertainment |
| | *Chand Nagar* | Taimoor | BOL Entertainment |
| | *Dua Aur Azan* | Murad | Green Entertainment |
| *Chaal* | Rahil | Geo Entertainment |

### Telefilm

| Year | Title | Role |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2021 | *Hangor S-131* | Allaudin |
| 2022 | *Dream Villa Ki Confused Love Story* | Nayail |

### Film

| Year | Title | Role |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2019 | *Betabiyan* | Zain |
| TBA | *Senti Aur Mental* | Groom |

## InfoBox

| Arez Ahmed | |
| --- | --- |
| سید عاریز احمد | |
| Born | Syed Arez Ahmed
(1991-11-07) 7 November 1991
Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan |
| Education | Bachelor in Maritime studies |
| Alma mater |  |
| Occupation(s) | Actor
Model |
| Years active | 2016–present |
| Spouse | Hiba Bukhari (m. 2022) |


title: Emmon Bach

abstract: Emmon Bach was an American linguist. He was Professor Emeritus at the Department of Linguistics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst and Professorial Research Associate at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), part of the University of London. He was born in Kumamoto, Japan. His interests included syntax, phonology, the languages of British Columbia, problems of tense and aspect in semantics, and formal problems and semantic issues in the morphology of polysynthetic languages. In November 2014, he died in Oxford.

text:
# Emmon Bach

**Emmon Bach** (12 June 1929 – 28 November 2014) was an American linguist. He was Professor Emeritus at the Department of Linguistics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst and Professorial Research Associate at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), part of the University of London. He was born in Kumamoto, Japan.

His interests included syntax, phonology, the languages of British Columbia (especially Haisla), problems of tense and aspect in semantics, and formal problems and semantic issues in the morphology of polysynthetic languages. In November 2014, he died in Oxford.

## Early years

Bach's parents, Ditlev Gotthard Monrad Bach and Ellen Sigrid Bach - originally from Copenhagen, Denmark \- were Lutheran missionaries in Japan. Bach – and all but the oldest of his five siblings – was born in Kumamoto on the island of Kyushu. Since his father taught Japanese to the American Navy language officers during the World War II, they were considered to be American nationals, and received warnings to leave Japan in 1941. As a child Bach spoke Danish and some Japanese. When he was ten, Bach was sent to the International Canadian Academy in Kobe. In Fresno, California his father was a "pastor to Japanese-Americans interned during the war." Bach attended Boulder High School in Boulder, Colorado and Roosevelt High School in Fresno, CA.

## Education

He "did his undergraduate and graduate work at the University of Chicago, with a Ph.D. in Germanic studies in 1959." He was a Fulbright scholar at the University of Tübingen from 1955-56.

## Academic career

His first regular academic job was at the University of Texas at Austin where he taught from 1959 to 1972. He started in the German department and gradually switched to linguistics. He was part of the newly formed linguistics department. After spending a year teaching at Queens College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, he began teaching as professor of linguistics at the University of Massachusetts Amherst in 1973. "He taught syntax, semantics, typology and field methods, and supervised 12 doctorate dissertations in semantics, syntax and phonology." Following his retirement in 1992, he continued to be active in academia.

Emmon's numerous publications included reviews, articles and books on "syntax, phonology, morphology and semantics, including on problems of tense and aspect in semantics, and on formal problems and semantic issues in the morphology of polysynthetic languages."

During the 1980s and 1990s Bach worked extensively in British Columbia. From 1994 to 1999 he worked as a visiting professor with the First Nations Programme of the University of Northern British Columbia where he went to local First Nations communities to teach and co-teach primarily for First Nations students. He also worked as a language resource for the Haisla Treaty Commission. By 2003 Bach had already nurtured "longtime involvement with the Haisla language community in the coastal village of Kitimaat in British Columbia. His work with the Haisla has included preparation of a new dictionary and two volumes of traditional stories and life stories; transcription of biblical and homiletic materials produced by Christian missionaries in the 1940s; and the creation of an extensive archive of linguistic work on Haisla." When he first arrived in Kitimaat, Mike Shaw, a Haisla speaker, asked "Why should we help you, what good will all that do for us?" "From this exchange Bach formulated what he has come to call Mike Shaw's Principle: Time and resources for community-relevant research and activities should equal those devoted to community-external aims."

## Associations

Bach was elected president of the Linguistic Society of America (LSA) in 1996. In 2006, he was inducted as a Fellow of the Linguistic Society of America. In 2015, the LSA created the Emmon Bach Fellowship fund, which provides awards for students to cover costs of participation in the biannual Institute on Collaborative Language Research (CoLang).

## Personal life

Both his first wife, Jean Bach, and his daughter, Meta Bach, predeceased him. He is survived by his wife Wynn Chao of London, his son Eric Bach and grandson Stevie Bach of Madison, his stepsons Morriss, David, and Joel Partee, his stepchildren Christopher and Gabriella Lewis, step grandchildren Sean Partee, Sara Davis, and Rachael Davis Partee, his second wife Reed Young of Houston, and his third wife Barbara Partee of Amherst. He moved to London, England in 2002.

## Selected publications

* Bach, Emmon (1964). *An Introduction to Transformational Grammars*. New York. `{{cite book}}`: `|work=` ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* Bach, Emmon (1974). *Syntactic Theory*. New York. ISBN 9780030767159. `{{cite book}}`: `|work=` ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* Bach, Emmon (1989). *Informal Lectures on Formal Semantics*. Albany. `{{cite book}}`: `|work=` ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

## InfoBox

| Emmon BachProfessor Emeritus | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 12 June 1929
Kumamoto, Japan |
| Died | 28 November 2014 (2014-11-29) (aged 85)
Oxford, England |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation | Linguist |
| Spouses |  |
| Children | 2 |
|  | |
| Academic background | |
| Alma mater | University of Chicago |
| Thesis | *Patterns of Syntax in Hoelderlin’s Poems* (1959) |
| Academic work | |
| Institutions | University of Massachusetts Amherst |
|  | |
| Website | Faculty page |


title: Emmochliophis miops

abstract: Emmochliophis miops is a species of snake of the family Colubridae. The species is found in Ecuador and Colombia. Emmochilophis micops was thought to be extinct before two individuals were found in 2017.

text:
# Emmochliophis miops

***Emmochliophis miops*** is a species of snake of the family Colubridae. The species is found in Ecuador and Colombia. Emmochilophis micops was thought to be extinct before two individuals were found in 2017.

## InfoBox

| *Emmochliophis miops* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Critically Endangered  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Serpentes |
| Family: | Colubridae |
| Genus: | *Emmochliophis* |
| Species: | ***E. miops*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Emmochliophis miops***
(Boulenger, 1898) | |
|


title: Arthur Sodtke

abstract: Arthur Sodtke was a German Communist resistance fighter, he was active in Berlin and sentenced to death by the Volksgerichtshof in 1944.

text:
# Arthur Sodtke

**Arthur Sodtke** (25 December 1901 – 14 August 1944) was a German Communist resistance fighter, he was active in Berlin and sentenced to death by the Volksgerichtshof in 1944.

## Biography

Arthur Sodtke was born in Inowrazlaw, Province of Posen (Inowrocław, Poland). His father Gustav Sodtke was a roofer. The family moved to Berlin in 1904, where Arthur Sodtke grew up.

Sodtke lived in Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg and became a metal worker. He was a member of the works council of the Schultheiss brewery and joined the German Communist Party in 1929. In 1933 he became active in the resistance against the Nazis. He was arrested in 1936 for distributing antifascist leaflets at his workplace in the Berlin plant of the "Dürener Metallwerke", but was soon released after the same leaflets were found again while he was in custody. In World War II he joined the resistance group of Heinrich Preuß, Wilhelm Rietze and Robert Uhrig, for whom he contacted antifascists at Borsig, Gottfried Lindner AG and the Schultheiss brewery.

Sodtke was arrested on 4 February 1942 and imprisoned at Sachsenhausen concentration camp and Potsdam prison. The Volksgerichtshof sentenced him to death on 21 June 1944 along with Wilhelm Böse, Johann Pierschke, Walter Strohmann und Hermann Tops. The sentence was carried out on 14 August 1944 at Brandenburg-Görden Prison.

## Remembrance

## InfoBox

| Arthur Sodtke | |
| --- | --- |
| Memorial plaque at Sodtke's former residence, Schönhauser Allee 39, Berlin | |
| Born | (1901-12-25)25 December 1901
Inowrazlaw, Province of Posen, German Empire (Inowrocław, Poland) |
| Died | 14 August 1944(1944-08-14) (aged 42)
Brandenburg-Görden Prison, Nazi Germany |
| Nationality | German |
| Occupation | Metal worker |
| Years active | 1929-1944 |
| Known for | Anti-Nazi activism |
| Political party | Communist Party of Germany |
| Movement | German Resistance |
| Criminal penalty | Execution |


title: Edward Weston Carpender

abstract: Edward Weston Carpender was a United States Navy officer who served in three wars. At age 17, he was commissioned a midshipman on 10 July 1813 during the War of 1812, was promoted to commander on 8 September 1841 and served in the Mexican-American War, and was promoted to commodore and served in the American Civil War.

text:
# Edward Weston Carpender

**Edward Weston Carpender** (c.1796 – May 16, 1877) was a United States Navy officer who served in three wars. At age 17, he was commissioned a midshipman on 10 July 1813 during the War of 1812, was promoted to commander on 8 September 1841 and served in the Mexican-American War, and was promoted to commodore and served in the American Civil War.

## Military career

On January 13, 1825, Carpender was promoted to the rank of lieutenant. In 1827 he was attached to the United States Navy Mediterranean Squadron. From 1829 to 1830 he served as an officer aboard the sloop-of-war USS *Falmouth* of the West India Squadron. From 1833 to 1834 he was attached to the Naval Rendezvous at Boston. In 1840 he served with the Pacific Squadron on the frigate USS *Constitution*. In 1841 he was promoted to Commander and in 1845 he was placed in charge of Norfolk Navy Yard as an inspector.

### Mexican-American War

In 1846, Carpender participated in the blockade of Tuxpan as commander of the brig USS *Truxtun*, during which the ship struck a sandbar, resulting in the surrender of the officers and men to the Mexicans and the destruction of the ship. In October 1848, while in command of the steamship USS *Iris*, in rescuing a French ship, the barque *L'Eugènie* which had struck a bank and become stranded off the anchorage of Antón Lizardo, his initial detention of the ship and crew developed into a diplomatic incident that ultimately involved United States Secretary of State John M. Clayton and French Minister of Foreign Affairs Alexis de Tocqueville.

### American Civil War

Previously retired under the Act of 1855, Carpender returned to duty by 1861, commanding the US Storeship *Falmouth*, formerly the sloop-of-war USS *Falmouth* on which he had served from 1829 to 1830. On July 16, 1862, he was promoted to the rank of commodore. He served as prize commissioner at Key West, Florida from 1864 to 1865.

## Post-service life

Carpender retired to Shrewsbury Township, New Jersey, where he died on May 16, 1877, at the home of his brother-in-law, Col. E. T. Williams. His age at death was reported by the local New Jersey and Philadelphia newspapers to be 81, placing his birth at ca. 1796.

## InfoBox

| Edward Weston Carpender | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | c.1796
New York, US |
| Died | May 16, 1877
Shrewsbury Township, New Jersey, US |
| Buried | Christ Church, Shrewsbury, New Jersey, US |
| Service/branch | United States Navy |
| Years of service | 1813–1865 |
| Rank | Commodore |


title: Eshan Yi Autonomous County

abstract: Eshan Yi Autonomous County is located in Yuxi, in the central part of Yunnan Province, China.

text:
# Eshan Yi Autonomous County

**Eshan Yi Autonomous County** (Chinese: 峨山彝族自治县; pinyin: *Éshān Yízú Zìzhìxiàn*; Yi: ꊉꎭꆈꌠꊨꏦꏱꅉꑤ, *wop sha nuo su zyt jie jux dde*) is located in Yuxi, in the central part of Yunnan Province, China.

## Administrative divisions

Eshan Yi Autonomous County has 2 subdistricts, 3 towns and 3 townships.

2 subdistricts 3 towns 3 townships

## Ethnic groups

The *Eshan County Gazetteer* (2001:110, 132) lists the following ethnic groups and their respective locations.

* Yi: 71,255 people as of 1993
    + **Nasu 纳苏**: (West, Northwest) Fuliangpeng 富良棚, Dalongtan 大龙潭, Dianzhong 甸中, Tadian 塔甸, and Chahe 岔河; parts of Yani 亚尼
    + **Niesu 聂苏**: (East, Southeast, South 南) Jinping 锦屏, Xiaojie 小街, Baoquan 宝泉, Huanian 化念, and Gaoping 高平
        - **Flowery Waist Niesu 聂苏花腰人**: Pengzu 棚租 and Yulaiqiu 雨来救
    + **Lesu 勒苏**: Daxi 大西, Ana 婀娜, and Shiban 石板
* Bai: 130 people as of 1993
    + Huanian 化念 (48.5% of population), Shuangjiang 双江, and Xiaojie 小街
* Hani: 8,619 people as of 1993

## Transport

## Climate

| Climate data for Eshan, elevation 1,600 m (5,200 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 24.0
(75.2) | 27.3
(81.1) | 29.2
(84.6) | 31.6
(88.9) | 32.6
(90.7) | 31.4
(88.5) | 31.4
(88.5) | 31.6
(88.9) | 31.1
(88.0) | 29.2
(84.6) | 26.0
(78.8) | 23.9
(75.0) | 32.6
(90.7) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 17.8
(64.0) | 20.3
(68.5) | 23.8
(74.8) | 26.3
(79.3) | 27.1
(80.8) | 27.2
(81.0) | 26.5
(79.7) | 26.6
(79.9) | 25.4
(77.7) | 23.1
(73.6) | 20.4
(68.7) | 17.5
(63.5) | 23.5
(74.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 9.4
(48.9) | 11.3
(52.3) | 14.7
(58.5) | 18.0
(64.4) | 20.5
(68.9) | 21.8
(71.2) | 21.4
(70.5) | 20.8
(69.4) | 19.6
(67.3) | 17.1
(62.8) | 13.0
(55.4) | 9.8
(49.6) | 16.5
(61.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.4
(38.1) | 4.2
(39.6) | 7.2
(45.0) | 10.9
(51.6) | 15.1
(59.2) | 17.9
(64.2) | 18.0
(64.4) | 17.4
(63.3) | 16.0
(60.8) | 13.5
(56.3) | 8.4
(47.1) | 4.9
(40.8) | 11.4
(52.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −2.5
(27.5) | −2.0
(28.4) | −2.6
(27.3) | 3.1
(37.6) | 5.5
(41.9) | 10.9
(51.6) | 13.0
(55.4) | 11.2
(52.2) | 6.6
(43.9) | 4.8
(40.6) | −1.6
(29.1) | −4.5
(23.9) | −4.5
(23.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 29.1
(1.15) | 16.8
(0.66) | 22.9
(0.90) | 39.3
(1.55) | 78.5
(3.09) | 125.3
(4.93) | 174.5
(6.87) | 160.8
(6.33) | 105.0
(4.13) | 77.9
(3.07) | 38.9
(1.53) | 17.5
(0.69) | 886.5
(34.9) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 5.0 | 4.2 | 5.1 | 8.2 | 11.9 | 13.9 | 19.2 | 18.8 | 13.8 | 11.9 | 5.7 | 5.0 | 122.7 |
| Average snowy days | 0.3 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.4 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 77 | 70 | 65 | 65 | 69 | 78 | 83 | 84 | 82 | 83 | 81 | 80 | 76 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 196.4 | 217.6 | 243.1 | 248.6 | 222.6 | 162.3 | 113.0 | 130.3 | 121.6 | 133.1 | 161.8 | 158.4 | 2,108.8 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 59 | 68 | 65 | 65 | 54 | 40 | 27 | 33 | 33 | 37 | 50 | 48 | 48 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

| Eshan 峨山县ꊉꀜꑤ | |
| --- | --- |
| Autonomous county | |
| 峨山彝族自治县
ꊉꀜꆈꌠꊨꏦꏱꅉꑤ
Eshan Yi Autonomous County | |
| Location of Eshan County (red) and Yuxi Prefecture (pink) within Yunnan province | |
| EshanLocation of the seat in Yunnan | |
| Coordinates: 24°10′21″N 102°24′17″E / 24.17250°N 102.40472°E / 24.17250; 102.40472 | |
| Country | China |
| Province | Yunnan |
| Prefecture-level city | Yuxi |
| County seat | Shuangjiang Subdistrict |
| Area | |
| Total | 1,114 km2 (430 sq mi) |
| Population (2020 census) | |
| Total | 143,903 |
| Density | 130/km2 (330/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (CST) |
| Postal code | 653200 |
| Area code | 0877 |
| Website | www.yxes.gov.cn |


title: 1933 Ice Hockey World Championships

abstract: The 1933 Ice Hockey World Championships were held between February 18 and February 26, 1933, in Prague, Czechoslovakia. By winning its first-ever world championship, the United States deprived Canada of the world title for the first time in tournament history. The American team, the Massachusetts Rangers, was mostly made up of university students and led by standout performances of Gerry Cosby in goal and team captain Ben Langmaid on defence. Canada was represented by the Toronto National Sea Fleas, winners of the 1932 Allan Cup, and coached by the controversial hockey personality Harold Ballard. The teams met on February 26 at Zimní stadión on Štvanice island. Tied 1-1 after 45 minutes of regulation time on goals by Sherman Forbes for the United States and an equalizer by Canadian Tim Kerr, defenceman John Garrison beat Canadian goalie Ron Geddes at the 6-minute mark of a dramatic "non-sudden death" overtime period. Ten nations played in three groups, with the top two in each group advancing to the second round to join Canada and the United States, who both were automatically qualified through to the next round. In the second round, eight teams played in two groups; the top two teams from each group advancing to the semifinals, where the top qualifier in each group were seeded against the second qualifier in the opposing group. The winners of the semifinal matches played in the gold medal game, while the losers played for third place. Fifth and sixth places were decided by a match between the third-place finishers in the two second ground groups; similarly seventh and eighth places were decided between the two last-place finishers in the second round groups. For the final four places, two classification matches were played between the bottom four finishers in the first round, which provided the seedings for the ninth and eleventh-place matches.

text:
# 1933 Ice Hockey World Championships

The **1933 Ice Hockey World Championships** were held between February 18 and February 26, 1933, in Prague, Czechoslovakia.

By winning its first-ever world championship, the United States deprived Canada of the world title for the first time in tournament history. The American team, the Massachusetts Rangers, was mostly made up of university students and led by standout performances of Gerry Cosby in goal and team captain Ben Langmaid on defence. Canada was represented by the Toronto National Sea Fleas, winners of the 1932 Allan Cup, and coached by the controversial hockey personality Harold Ballard. The teams met on February 26 at Zimní stadión on Štvanice island. Tied 1-1 after 45 minutes of regulation time on goals by Sherman Forbes for the United States and an equalizer by Canadian Tim Kerr, defenceman John Garrison beat Canadian goalie Ron Geddes at the 6-minute mark of a dramatic "non-sudden death" overtime period.

Ten nations played in three groups, with the top two in each group advancing to the second round to join Canada and the United States, who both were automatically qualified through to the next round. In the second round, eight teams played in two groups; the top two teams from each group advancing to the semifinals, where the top qualifier in each group were seeded against the second qualifier in the opposing group. The winners of the semifinal matches played in the gold medal game, while the losers played for third place.

Fifth and sixth places were decided by a match between the third-place finishers in the two second ground groups; similarly seventh and eighth places were decided between the two last-place finishers in the second round groups. For the final four places, two classification matches were played between the bottom four finishers in the first round, which provided the seedings for the ninth and eleventh-place matches.

## First round

### Group A

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Czechoslovakia | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 2 | +11 | 6 | Advanced to Second Round |
| 2 | Austria | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 3 | +8 | | 4 |
| 3 | Italy | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 3 | 2 | Advanced to Consolation Matches |
| 4 | Romania | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 17 | 16 | | 0 |

Updated to match(es) played on unknown. Source:

| Date |  | Result |  | P1 | P2 | P3 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 18 Feb | Austria | **3** \- 0 | Italy | 0 - 0 | **2** \- 0 | **1** \- 0 |
| 18 Feb | Czechoslovakia | **8** \- 0 | Romania | **2** \- 0 | **4** \- 0 | **2** \- 0 |
| 19 Feb | Italy | **2** \- 0 | Romania | **1** \- 0 | **1** \- 0 | 0 - 0 |
| 19 Feb | Czechoslovakia | **2** \- 1 | Austria | 1 - 1 | **1** \- 0 | 0 - 0 |
| 20 Feb | Austria | **7** \- 1 | Romania | **2** \- 1 | **3** \- 0 | **2** \- 0 |
| 20 Feb | Czechoslovakia | **3** \- 1 | Italy | **1** \- 0 | 1 - 1 | **1** \- 0 |

### Group B

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Germany | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 | +8 | 4 | Advanced to Second Round |
| 2 | Poland | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | | 2 |
| 3 | Belgium | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 7 | 7 | 0 | Advanced to Consolation Matches |

Updated to match(es) played on unknown. Source:

| Date |  | Result |  | P1 | P2 | P3 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 18 Feb | Germany | **6** \- 0 | Belgium | **1** \- 0 | **3** \- 0 | **2** \- 0 |
| 19 Feb | Germany | **2** \- 0 | Poland | 0 - 0 | **1** \- 0 | **1** \- 0 |
| 20 Feb | Poland | **1** \- 0 | Belgium | 0 - 0 | 0 - 0 | **1** \- 0 |

### Group C

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Switzerland | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 1 | +5 | 4 | Advanced to Second Round |
| 2 | Hungary | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | +2 | | 2 |
| 3 | Latvia | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 7 | 0 | Advanced to Consolation Matches |

Updated to match(es) played on unknown. Source:

| Date |  | Result |  | P1 | P2 | P3 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 18 Feb | Switzerland | **5** \- 1 | Latvia | **3**\- 0 | **1** \- 0 | 1 - 1 |
| 19 Feb | Switzerland | **1** \- 0 | Hungary | **1** \- 0 | 0 - 0 | 0 - 0 |
| 20 Feb | Hungary | **3** \- 0 | Latvia | **1** \- 0 | **1** \- 0 | **1** \- 0 |

## Second round

### Group D

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Canada | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 1 | +11 | 6 | Advanced to Semi-finals |
| 2 | Austria | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 1 | | 4 |
| 3 | Germany | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 3 | 2 | Advanced to 5th/6th Place Play-off |
| 4 | Hungary | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 8 | 7 | 0 | Advanced to 7th/8th Place Play-off |

Updated to match(es) played on unknown. Source:

| Date |  | Result |  | P1 | P2 | P3 | OT1 | OT2 | OT3 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 21 Feb | Austria | **1** \- 0 | Hungary | 0 - 0 | 0 - 0 | 0 - 0 | 0 - 0 | 0 - 0 | **1** \- 0 |
| 21 Feb | Canada | **5** \- 0 | Germany | **1** \- 0 | **2** \- 0 | **2** \- 0 |
| 22 Feb | Germany | **4** \- 0 | Hungary | **2** \- 0 | 0 - 0 | **2** \- 0 |
| 22 Feb | Canada | **4** \- 0 | Austria | 0 - 0 | **2** \- 0 | **2** \- 0 |
| 23 Feb | Canada | **3** \- 1 | Hungary | **1** \- 0 | **1** \- 0 | 1 - 1 |
| 23 Feb | Austria | **2** \- 0 | Germany | 0 - 0 | 0 - 0 | **2** \- 0 |

### Group E

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | United States | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | +17 | 6 | Advanced to Semi-finals |
| 2 | Czechoslovakia | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 4 | | 4 |
| 3 | Switzerland | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 9 | 6 | 2 | Advanced to 5th/6th Place Play-off |
| 4 | Poland | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 8 | 7 | 0 | Advanced to 7th/8th Place Play-off |

Updated to match(es) played on unknown. Source:

| Date |  | Result |  | P1 | P2 | P3 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 21 Feb | United States | **7** \- 0 | Switzerland | **1** \- 0 | **2** \- 0 | **4** \- 0 |
| 21 Feb | Czechoslovakia | **1** \- 0 | Poland | **1** \- 0 | 0 - 0 | 0 - 0 |
| 22 Feb | United States | **4** \- 0 | Poland | **3** \- 0 | 0 - 0 | **1** \- 0 |
| 22 Feb | Czechoslovakia | **1** \- 0 | Switzerland | **1** \- 0 | 0 - 0 | 0 - 0 |
| 23 Feb | Switzerland | **3** \- 1 | Poland | **2** \- 0 | 0 - **1** | **1** \- 0 |
| 23 Feb | United States | **6** \- 0 | Czechoslovakia | **1** \- 0 | **4** \- 0 | **1** \- 0 |

## Third round

### Consolation Matches

| Date |  | Result |  | P1 | P2 | P3 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 24 Feb | Romania | **3** \- 2 | Belgium | 2 - 2 | **1** \- 0 | 0 - 0 |
| 24 Feb | Latvia | **2** \- 0 | Italy | **1** \- 0 | 0 - 0 | **1** \- 0 |

* Romania and Latvia qualified for the 9th/10th Place play-off, Belgium and Italy qualified for the 11th/12th Place play-off.

### Semi-Finals

| Date |  | Result |  | P1 | P2 | P3 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 25 Feb | United States | **4** \- 0 | Austria | **2** \- 0 | **2** \- 0 | 0 - 0 |
| 25 Feb | Canada | **4** \- 0 | Czechoslovakia | **2** \- 0 | **1** \- 0 | **1** \- 0 |

* USA and Canada qualified for the Gold Medal Match, Austria and Czechoslovakia qualified for the Bronze Medal Match.

## Final round

### 11th/12th Place play-off

| Date |  | Result |  | P1 | P2 | P3 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 25 Feb | Italy | W / O | Belgium |

* Belgium declined to play, so Italy were awarded the win.

### 9th/10th Place play-off

| Date |  | Result |  | P1 | P2 | P3 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 25 Feb | Romania | **1** \- 0 | Latvia | **1** \- 0 | 0 - 0 | 0 - 0 |

### 7th/8th Place play-off

| Date |  | Result |  | P1 | P2 | P3 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 24 Feb | Hungary | 1 - 1 | Poland | 0 - 0 | 0 - **1** | **1** \- 0 |

### 5th/6th Place play-off

| Date |  | Result |  | P1 | P2 | P3 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 24 Feb | Germany | 1 - 1 | Switzerland | 0 - 0 | 1 - 1 | 0 - 0 |

### Bronze Medal Match

| Date |  | Result |  | P1 | P2 | P3 | OT1 | OT2 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 26 Feb | Czechoslovakia | **2** \- 0 | Austria | 0 - 0 | 0 - 0 | 0 - 0 | 0 - 0 | **2** \- 0 |

### Gold Medal Match

| Date |  | Result |  | P1 | P2 | P3 | OT |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 26 Feb | United States | **2** \- 1 | Canada | 1 - 1 | 0 - 0 | 0 - 0 | **1** \- 0 |

## Final Rankings – World Championship

| RF | Team |
| --- | --- |
| 1 | United States |
| 2 | Canada |
| 3 | Czechoslovakia |
| 4 | Austria |
| 5 | Germany |
| 5 | Switzerland |
| 7 | Hungary |
| 7 | Poland |
| 9 | Romania |
| 10 | Latvia |
| 11 | Italy |
| 12 | Belgium |
|

### Championship team

| Medal | Country | Players |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Gold | United States | Gerry Cosby, John Garrison, Ben Langmaid, Winthrop Palmer, Frank Holland, Larry Sanford, Channing Hillard, Stewart Iglehart, Sherman Forbes, Jim Breckinridge; Trainer: Walter A. Brown |

## Final Rankings – European Championship

| RF | Team |
| --- | --- |
| 1 | Czechoslovakia |
| 2 | Austria |
| 3 | Germany |
| 3 | Switzerland |
| 5 | Hungary |
| 5 | Poland |
| 7 | Romania |
| 8 | Latvia |
| 9 | Italy |
| 10 | Belgium |
|

## Legacy

The United States' oldest active college hockey award, the Walter Brown Award, was created in 1953 to commemorate the 20th anniversary of this championship team and its coach, the eponymous Walter A. Brown.
A team photograph, and a gold medal on loan from the family of Sherman Forbes, are currently on display at The Sports Museum in Boston, Massachusetts.

## Sources

* Complete results
* IIHF 100 top stories number 78
* Duplacey, James (1998). *Total Hockey: The official encyclopedia of the National Hockey League*. Total Sports. pp. 498–528. ISBN 0-8362-7114-9.
* Podnieks, Andrew (2010). *IIHF Media Guide & Record Book 2011*. Moydart Press. pp. 26, 124.

## InfoBox

1933 Ice Hockey World Championships
| Tournament details | |
| --- | --- |
| Host country | Czechoslovakia |
| Venue(s) | 1 (in 1 host city) |
| Dates | 18–26 February |
| Teams | 12 |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | United States (1st title) |
| Runner-up | Canada |
| Third place | Czechoslovakia |
| Fourth place | Austria |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Games played | 33 |
| Goals scored | 115 (3.48 per game) |
| Scoring leader(s) | Josef Malecek  13 points |
|  | |


title: Edward John Granet

abstract: Brigadier-General Edward John Granet CB was a British Army general. He had a long career serving in the field in the Second Anglo-Afghan War and in the 1884 Nile Expedition. He later became a staff officer and served as Deputy Assistant Adjutant General for intelligence in the Second Boer War. Granet became military attaché to the British Embassy in Rome and Bern in 1911 and played a vital role in providing military intelligence out of Switzerland at the start of the First World War. At his instigation an air raid was carried out by British forces from southern France against a German hydrogen factory and zeppelin depot near to the Swiss border. This was successfully carried out and resulted in severe damage to the facility. Granet returned to action in 1915 commanding the artillery of the 11th (Northern) Division at Gallipoli. On 13 August that year he was severely wounded by an enemy shell. Granet was subsequently placed on half-pay (retirement) due to the severity of his injuries but returned to duty in 1917 when he was re-appointed as military attaché to Bern. He died of his earlier wounds in Switzerland on 22 October 1918, becoming the last British general to die from enemy action in the war.

text:
# Edward John Granet

Brigadier-General **Edward John Granet** CB (August 1858 – 22 October 1918) was a British Army general. He had a long career serving in the field in the Second Anglo-Afghan War and in the 1884 Nile Expedition. He later became a staff officer and served as Deputy Assistant Adjutant General for intelligence in the Second Boer War.

Granet became military attaché to the British Embassy in Rome and Bern in 1911 and played a vital role in providing military intelligence out of Switzerland at the start of the First World War. At his instigation an air raid was carried out by British forces from southern France against a German hydrogen factory and zeppelin depot near to the Swiss border. This was successfully carried out and resulted in severe damage to the facility. Granet returned to action in 1915 commanding the artillery of the 11th (Northern) Division at Gallipoli. On 13 August that year he was severely wounded by an enemy shell. Granet was subsequently placed on half-pay (retirement) due to the severity of his injuries but returned to duty in 1917 when he was re-appointed as military attaché to Bern. He died of his earlier wounds in Switzerland on 22 October 1918, becoming the last British general to die from enemy action in the war.

## Early life and career

Granet was born in August 1858 and was the son of William Augustus Granet of Genoa, Kingdom of Sardinia. His brother Sir Guy Granet was a barrister and high ranking railway administrator. Granet was educated at Eton College before joining the British Army's Royal Artillery as a lieutenant in 1878. He served in the Second Anglo-Afghan War between 1879 and 1880 and in the 1884 Nile Expedition. He married Evelyn Pulchérie Chapman (1864–1933) in 1885. Granet was promoted to captain on 29 July 1886. He was seconded from his regiment to the general staff on 1 January 1892, returning on 31 October 1895. Granet was appointed brigade major of the Royal Artillery's Southern district on 18 August 1896 and received promotion to the substantive rank of major on 7 September of that year. Granet was promoted to the brevet rank of lieutenant-colonel on 29 November 1900.

Granet served in the Second Boer War and was mentioned in dispatches on 2 April 1901 by British commander, Lord Roberts. He was appointed Deputy Assistant Adjutant General (DAAG) for intelligence on 28 April 1901 and held that position until 1902. He was in London for the Coronation of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra on 9 August 1902 and formed part of the King's procession. Granet served with the Army headquarters from 1902 as DAAG and received promotion to the substantive rank of lieutenant-colonel on 9 December 1903. He was promoted to the brevet rank of colonel on 31 July 1904 and returned to the Royal Artillery on 2 April 1905. Granet returned to Army headquarters on 17 November 1906 when he was appointed Assistant Director Remounts (i.e. the supply of horses) and promoted to the substantive rank of colonel. He remained in this role until 17 November 1910 when he was placed on half-pay. Granet was appointed military attaché to the British Embassy in Rome and Bern on 23 February 1911. He was appointed a companion of the Order of the Bath on 19 June 1911 in the Coronation Honours.

## First World War

After the outbreak of the First World War Granet's position as attaché became important for intelligence gathering, particularly in Switzerland where he was the primary source of military intelligence in the country. Early in the war he proposed that an air raid be carried out on the German hydrogen factory and zeppelin sheds at Friedrichshafen, near to the Swiss border. This was approved and the subsequent raid was made on 21 November 1914. This was carried out by four British aircraft (Avro 504s) shipped by crate to an airfield in Belfort, France. One plane was damaged on takeoff but the remainder survived German AA fire to drop nine bombs on the facility, for the cost of one aircraft shot down and one pilot captured; the remaining pilots returned safely to Belfort and were awarded the Legion of Honour – the aircraft were shipped back to England shortly afterwards. The hydrogen factory was said to be wrecked and a zeppelin was recorded as probably destroyed, with the raid described by historian Martin Gilbert as a "remarkable feat of aerial initiative". A complaint was received from Switzerland that their territory had been overflown but this was strongly denied by the First Lord of the Admiralty, Winston Churchill. A further complaint regarding the loss of a Swiss citizen working at the factory was dismissed by Churchill who said that "it serves him right". Although substantial damage was claimed at the time and in some later histories, the damage inflicted was slight.

Granet's appointment as military attaché ended in January 1915 and he returned to the Royal Artillery, where he was appointed to the temporary rank of brigadier-general on 18 March and given command of the artillery units of the 11th (Northern) Division. He fought with his unit at Gallipoli later that year. Whilst in a trench at Lala Baba Hill on 13 August he was badly wounded in the hands and face by gravel from an exploding Turkish shell. The shell is thought to have been a stray, falling short of its intended target – the British fleet in Suvla Bay. Granet was evacuated and returned to half-pay on 7 November 1916 owing to the severity of his wounds. He was appointed an officer of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus by the Italian king and on 26 May 1917 was authorised to wear the decorations of that order by George V. Granet recovered enough to be reappointed as military attaché to Stockholm on 4 June 1917, transferring back to Bern the following year. He died of his wounds on 22 October 1918 and was buried initially at Schosshalden cemetery in Bern but after the war he was reburied, with other British service dead from elsewhere in Switzerland in the Commonwealth war graves plot in St Martin's Cemetery, Vevey (Plot 53, Grave 60A). He was the last British general to die as a result of enemy action during the war, which ended on 11 November 1918.

## InfoBox

| Edward John Granet | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | August 1858 |
| Died | 22 October 1918 (aged 60)<br>Switzerland |
| Buried | Schosshalden cemetery, Bern |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Service/branch | British Army |
| Years of service | 1878–1918 |
| Rank | Brigadier-general |
| Unit | Royal Artillery |
| Battles/wars |  |
| Awards | CB |


abstract: The men's 100 metres event at the 1990 World Junior Championships in Athletics was held in Plovdiv, Bulgaria, at Deveti Septemvri Stadium on 8 and 9 August.

text:
# 1990 World Junior Championships in Athletics – Men's 100 metres

The **men's 100 metres** event at the **1990 World Junior Championships in Athletics** was held in Plovdiv, Bulgaria, at Deveti Septemvri Stadium on 8 and 9 August.

## Medalists

| **Gold** | Davidson Ezinwa
*Nigeria* |
| --- | --- |
| **Silver** | Jason Livingston
*United Kingdom* |
| **Bronze** | Rodney Bridges
*United States* |

## Results

### Final

9 August
Wind: +0.6 m/s

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Davidson Ezinwa | Nigeria | **10.17** |  |
|  | Jason Livingston | United Kingdom | **10.25** |  |
|  | Rodney Bridges | United States | **10.37** |  |
| 4 | Jason John | United Kingdom | **10.40** |  |
| 5 | Donovan Powell | Jamaica | **10.44** |  |
| 6 | Damien Marsh | Australia | **10.46** |  |
| 7 | Innocent Asonze | Nigeria | **10.50** |  |
| 8 | Edgar Chourio | Venezuela | **10.59** |  |

### Semifinals

9 August

#### Semifinal 1

Wind: +2.1 m/s

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Innocent Asonze | Nigeria | **10.30** **w** | **Q** |
| 2 | Rodney Bridges | United States | **10.35** **w** | **Q** |
| 3 | Donovan Powell | Jamaica | **10.37** **w** | **Q** |
| 4 | Jason John | United Kingdom | **10.38** **w** | **Q** |
| 5 | Andrea Amici | Italy | **10.45** **w** |  |
| 6 | Christian Konieczny | West Germany | **10.50** **w** |  |
| 7 | Peter Ogilvie | Canada | **10.54** **w** |  |
| 8 | Stefaan Allemeersh | Belgium | **10.63** **w** |  |

#### Semifinal 2

Wind: +0.7 m/s

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Davidson Ezinwa | Nigeria | **10.30** | **Q** |
| 2 | Jason Livingston | United Kingdom | **10.35** | **Q** |
| 3 | Damien Marsh | Australia | **10.47** | **Q** |
| 4 | Edgar Chourio | Venezuela | **10.49** | **Q** |
| 5 | Satoru Inoue | Japan | **10.57** |  |
| 6 | Curtis Johnson | United States | **10.60** |  |
| 7 | Konstantin Gromadskiy | Soviet Union | **10.65** |  |
| 8 | Clinton Bufuku | Zambia | **11.52** |  |

### Quarterfinals

8 August

#### Quarterfinal 1

Wind: -2.1 m/s

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Innocent Asonze | Nigeria | **10.49** | **Q** |
| 2 | Curtis Johnson | United States | **10.64** | **Q** |
| 3 | Christian Konieczny | West Germany | **10.67** | **Q** |
| 4 | Peter Ogilvie | Canada | **10.75** | **Q** |
| 5 | Paul Henderson | Australia | **10.83** |  |
| 6 | Giorgio Marras | Italy | **11.01** |  |
| 7 | Plamen Stoyanov | Bulgaria | **11.04** |  |
| 8 | Roman Galkin | Soviet Union | **11.05** |  |

#### Quarterfinal 2

Wind: -1.4 m/s

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Davidson Ezinwa | Nigeria | **10.46** | **Q** |
| 2 | Damien Marsh | Australia | **10.57** | **Q** |
| 3 | Andrea Amici | Italy | **10.59** | **Q** |
| 4 | Jason John | United Kingdom | **10.59** | **Q** |
| 5 | Gilles Bogui | Côte d'Ivoire | **10.66** |  |
| 6 | Patrick Mistocco | France | **10.73** |  |
| 7 | Hirokazu Sato | Japan | **10.76** |  |
| 8 | Laurent Kemp | Luxembourg | **10.98** |  |

#### Quarterfinal 3

Wind: +0.5 m/s

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Rodney Bridges | United States | **10.38** | **Q** |
| 2 | Jason Livingston | United Kingdom | **10.38** | **Q** |
| 3 | Edgar Chourio | Venezuela | **10.53** | **Q** |
| 4 | Stefaan Allemeersh | Belgium | **10.65** | **Q** |
| 5 | Jean-Olivier Zirignon | Côte d'Ivoire | **10.66** |  |
| 6 | Joel Lamela | Cuba | **10.72** |  |
| 7 | José Carlos Rivas | Spain | **10.73** |  |
| 8 | Christoph Pöstinger | Austria | **10.80** |  |

#### Quarterfinal 4

Wind: -1.8 m/s

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Donovan Powell | Jamaica | **10.50** | **Q** |
| 2 | Satoru Inoue | Japan | **10.61** | **Q** |
| 3 | Konstantin Gromadskiy | Soviet Union | **10.67** | **Q** |
| 4 | Clinton Bufuku | Zambia | **10.68** | **Q** |
| 5 | Ricardo Greenidge | Canada | **10.69** |  |
| 6 | Leonardo Prevot | Cuba | **10.69** |  |
| 7 | Reinaldo Santana | Venezuela | **10.77** |  |
| 8 | Peter Oldin | Sweden | **10.80** |  |

### Heats

8 August

#### Heat 1

Wind: -1.0 m/s

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Edgar Chourio | Venezuela | **10.53** | **Q** |
| 2 | Damien Marsh | Australia | **10.66** | **Q** |
| 2 | Christian Konieczny | West Germany | **10.66** | **Q** |
| 4 | Peter Ogilvie | Canada | **10.72** | **Q** |
| 5 | Jean-Olivier Zirignon | Côte d'Ivoire | **10.80** | **q** |
| 6 | Raymond Nelson | Jamaica | **10.87** |  |
| 6 | Alexander Lack | East Germany | **10.87** |  |
| 8 | Getachew Legesse | Ethiopia | **11.10** |  |

#### Heat 2

Wind: +2.0 m/s

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Davidson Ezinwa | Nigeria | **10.45** | **Q** |
| 2 | Jason John | United Kingdom | **10.53** | **Q** |
| 3 | Paul Henderson | Australia | **10.54** | **Q** |
| 4 | Reinaldo Santana | Venezuela | **10.67** | **Q** |
| 5 | Laurent Kemp | Luxembourg | **10.78** | **q** |
| 6 | Eugene Farrell | Ireland | **10.85** |  |
| 7 | Franck Zio | Burkina Faso | **11.11** |  |
| 8 | Bothloke Shebe | Lesotho | **11.21** |  |

#### Heat 3

Wind: -0.1 m/s

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Rodney Bridges | United States | **10.50** | **Q** |
| 2 | Donovan Powell | Jamaica | **10.52** | **Q** |
| 3 | Giorgio Marras | Italy | **10.65** | **Q** |
| 4 | José Carlos Rivas | Spain | **10.66** | **Q** |
| 5 | Peter Oldin | Sweden | **10.78** | **q** |
| 6 | Plamen Stoyanov | Bulgaria | **10.80** | **q** |
| 7 | Garib Tahir | Sudan | **11.69** |  |

#### Heat 4

Wind: -0.9 m/s

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Innocent Asonze | Nigeria | **10.43** | **Q** |
| 2 | Hirokazu Sato | Japan | **10.85** | **Q** |
| 3 | Christoph Pöstinger | Austria | **10.87** | **Q** |
| 4 | Ricardo Greenidge | Canada | **10.93** | **Q** |
| 5 | Darren Haddock | Ireland | **10.99** |  |
| 6 | Jari Haverinen | Finland | **11.03** |  |
| 7 | Zepee Mberiuana | Namibia | **11.10** |  |
| 8 | Yeóryios Papadópoulos | Greece | **11.18** |  |

#### Heat 5

Wind: -0.2 m/s

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Curtis Johnson | United States | **10.54** | **Q** |
| 2 | Andrea Amici | Italy | **10.58** | **Q** |
| 3 | Joel Lamela | Cuba | **10.66** | **Q** |
| 4 | Roman Galkin | Soviet Union | **10.74** | **Q** |
| 5 | Torbjörn Eriksson | Sweden | **10.88** |  |
| 6 | Anninos Marcoullides | Cyprus | **10.90** |  |
| 7 | Konstadínos Koutsoumbas | Greece | **10.93** |  |
| 8 | Martin Frick | Liechtenstein | **11.14** |  |

#### Heat 6

Wind: +0.7 m/s

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Leonardo Prevot | Cuba | **10.51** | **Q** |
| 2 | Satoru Inoue | Japan | **10.58** | **Q** |
| 3 | Stefaan Allemeersh | Belgium | **10.62** | **Q** |
| 4 | Gilles Bogui | Côte d'Ivoire | **10.63** | **Q** |
| 5 | Adrian Bobb | Trinidad and Tobago | **10.99** |  |
| 6 | Aleksandar Popović | Yugoslavia | **11.01** |  |
| 7 | Marvin Bennett | Saint Kitts and Nevis | **11.21** |  |
| 8 | Mark Sullivan | Malta | **11.77** |  |

#### Heat 7

Wind: +0.4 m/s

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Jason Livingston | United Kingdom | **10.55** | **Q** |
| 2 | Konstantin Gromadskiy | Soviet Union | **10.60** | **Q** |
| 3 | Clinton Bufuku | Zambia | **10.66** | **Q** |
| 4 | Patrick Mistocco | France | **10.67** | **Q** |
| 5 | Julio César de Prado | Spain | **10.84** |  |
| 6 | Alexander Rehm | West Germany | **10.85** |  |
| 7 | Adi Paz | Israel | **10.93** |  |
| 8 | Marco Ortíz | Bolivia | **11.16** |  |

## Participation

According to an unofficial count, 55 athletes from 38 countries participated in the event.


title: 1987 Refuge Assurance League

abstract: The 1987 Refuge Assurance League was the nineteenth competing of what was generally known as the Sunday League. The competition was won for the second time by Worcestershire County Cricket Club. The Worcestershire team included stars such as Ian Botham, Graeme Hick and Graham Dilley. Two other Worcs players got the batting and bowling plaudits. Opener Tim Curtis scored the most runs and fast bowler Neal Radford took the most wickets in the competition.

text:
# 1987 Refuge Assurance League

The **1987 Refuge Assurance League** was the nineteenth competing of what was generally known as the Sunday League. The competition was won for the second time by Worcestershire County Cricket Club.

The Worcestershire team included stars such as Ian Botham, Graeme Hick and Graham Dilley. Two other Worcs players got the batting and bowling plaudits. Opener Tim Curtis scored the most runs and fast bowler Neal Radford took the most wickets in the competition.

## Standings

| Team | Pld | W | T | L | N/R | A | Pts | R/R |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Worcestershire (C) | 16 | 11 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 46 | 5.369 |
| Nottinghamshire | 16 | 9 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 44 | 4.933 |
| Gloucestershire | 16 | 9 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 42 | 4.769 |
| Somerset | 16 | 8 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 40 | 4.809 |
| Derbyshire | 16 | 8 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 40 | 4.786 |
| Kent | 16 | 8 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 38 | 5.131 |
| Hampshire | 16 | 6 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 32 | 4.954 |
| Surrey | 16 | 6 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 32 | 5.249 |
| Lancashire | 16 | 5 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 30 | 5.170 |
| Middlesex | 16 | 5 | 0 | 7 | 1 | 3 | 28 | 4.460 |
| Northamptonshire | 16 | 4 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 28 | 5.026 |
| Leicestershire | 16 | 3 | 0 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 26 | 4.902 |
| Yorkshire | 16 | 5 | 0 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 26 | 5.209 |
| Essex | 16 | 4 | 0 | 8 | 1 | 3 | 24 | 4.434 |
| Glamorgan | 16 | 5 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 2 | 24 | 4.609 |
| Sussex | 16 | 4 | 0 | 8 | 1 | 3 | 24 | 4.823 |
| Warwickshire | 16 | 3 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 4 | 20 | 4.496 |
| Team marked  (C)  finished as champions.<br>Source: CricketArchive | | | | | | | | |

## Batting averages

## Bowling averages

Sunday League

## InfoBox

1987 Refuge Assurance League
| Administrator(s) | Test and County Cricket Board |
| --- | --- |
| Cricket format | Limited overs cricket(40 overs per innings) |
| Tournament format(s) | League |
| Champions | Worcestershire (2nd title) |
| Participants | 17 |
| Matches | 136 |
| Most runs | **617** Tim Curtis (Worcestershire) |
| Most wickets | **25** Courtney Walsh (Gloucs)/Neal Radford (Worcs) |
|


title: Aristaea acares

abstract: Aristaea acares is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Tasmania, Australia.

text:
# Aristaea acares

***Aristaea acares*** is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Tasmania, Australia.

## InfoBox

| *Aristaea acares* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Gracillariidae |
| Genus: | *Aristaea* |
| Species: | ***A. acares*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Aristaea acares***<br>(Turner, 1939) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Lithocolletis acares* Turner, 1939 | |


title: Empress Dowager Eishō

abstract: Asako Kujō, posthumously honoured as Empress Dowager Eishō, was the consort of Emperor Kōmei of Japan.

text:
# Empress Dowager Eishō

**Asako Kujō** (九条夙子, *Kujō Asako*, 11 January 1835  11 January 1897), posthumously honoured as **Empress Dowager Eishō** (英照皇太后, **Eishō-kōtaigō**), was the consort of Emperor Kōmei of Japan.

## Early life

As the daughter of Hisatada Kujō, who was a former *kampaku,* Asako Kujō could anticipate a life unfolding entirely within the ambit of the imperial court; but she could not have anticipated the vast array of changes which the years would bring during her lifetime. At age 13, she was matched with Crown Prince Osahito. Upon the death of Emperor Ninkō in 1846, Osahito, who succeeded him as Emperor Kōmei, named her *Nyōgo,* a consort position of high honor to which princesses of the blood were appointed after the time of Emperor Kammu.

## Consort

Asako had two daughters, who both died in infancy; but she became the official mother of Komei's heir, Crown Prince Mutsuhito, later Emperor Meiji. He developed a strong emotional attachment to her, which became especially important in the unsettled period after Emperor Kōmei died unexpectedly.

## Empress dowager

Soon after the death of Emperor Kōmei, his successor Emperor Meiji conferred upon her the title of empress dowager; and she was given a posthumous name to go with her new title. This was a highly unusual gesture; and she was afterward known as Empress Dowager Eishō (英照皇太后, **Eishō kōtaigō**). This specific posthumous name was taken from the title of a poem, "Purple Wisteria over a Deep Pool," by a Tang dynasty poet; and it was deemed appropriate for a daughter of the Kujō family as part of the Fujiwara ("Wisteria Field") clan. When the Meiji imperial court relocated from Kyoto to Tokyo, she followed, living first in the Akasaka Palace and then in the Aoyama Palace.

The empress dowager died in 1897 at age 62 and was buried at Senyū-ji, which is in Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto. Her memory is officially honored at her husband's mausoleum in Kyoto, which is known as *Nochi-no-tsukinowa no higashiyama no misasagi.*

Franz Eckert composed "*Trauermarsch*" ("Deep mourning" funeral march or "*Kanashimi no kiwami*") for the funeral of Empress Dowager Eishō.

Emperor Meiji and his wife could not attend the funeral, but they traveled to Kyoto to pay graveside respects in the spring after her death.

## Ancestry

## InfoBox

| Empress Dowager Eishō
英照皇太后 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Empress dowager of Japan | |
| Tenure | 1868–1897 |
|  | |
| Born | Asako Kujō (九条夙子)
(1835-01-11)11 January 1835
Heian-kyō, Japan |
| Died | 11 January 1897(1897-01-11) (aged 62)
Tokyo City, Japan |
| Burial | Sennyū-ji, Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto, Japan |
| Spouse | Emperor Kōmei |
| Issue | Princess Yoriko
Princess Fuki |
| House | Imperial House of Japan |
| Father | Hisatada Kujō |
| Mother | Karahashi Meiko |
| Religion | Shinto |


title: 1938 Wakefield by-election

text:
# 1938 Wakefield by-election

A by-election was held for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Wakefield on 10 December 1938. This was triggered by the death of United Australia MP Charles Hawker.

The election was won by Labor candidate Sydney McHugh from a massive 20 percent two-party swing.

## Results

Wakefield by-election, 1938
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | United Australia | Richard Layton Butler | 19,591 | 39.3 | -24.1 |
|  | Labor | Sydney McHugh | 18,870 | 37.9 | +1.3 |
|  | Independent | Percy Quirke | 11,343 | 22.8 | +22.8 |
| Total formal votes | | | 49,804 | 97.8 | +1.7 |
| Informal votes | | | 1,114 | 2.2 | −1.7 |
| Turnout | | | 50,918 | 93.6 | −2.9 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Sydney McHugh | 28,255 | 56.7 | +20.1 |
|  | United Australia | Richard Layton Butler | 21,549 | 43.3 | -20.1 |
|  | Labor **gain** from United Australia | | **Swing** | +20.1 |  |

## InfoBox

1938 Wakefield by-election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| First party Second party Third party  **IND**  Candidate Sydney McHugh Richard L. Butler Percy Quirke  Party Labor United Australia Independent  Popular vote 18,870 **19,591** 11,343  Percentage 37.9% **39.3%** 22.8%  Swing 1.3pp 24.1pp 22.8pp  TPP **56.7%** 43.3%   TPP swing 20.1pp 20.1pp | |
| ---  **MP before election**
Charles Hawker
United Australia **Elected MP**
Sydney McHugh
Labor | |


title: Epierus cornutus

abstract: Epierus cornutus is a species of clown beetle in the family Histeridae. It is found in Central America and North America.

text:
# Epierus cornutus

***Epierus cornutus*** is a species of clown beetle in the family Histeridae. It is found in Central America and North America.

## Further reading

* Lobl, I.; Smetana, A., eds. (2015). *Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera, Volume 2: Hydrophiloidea - Staphylinoidea*. Apollo Books. ISBN 978-90-04-29685-5.

## InfoBox

| *Epierus cornutus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Histeridae |
| Genus: | *Epierus* |
| Species: | ***E. cornutus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Epierus cornutus***<br>Casey, 1893 | |
|


title: Eocardia

abstract: Eocardia is an extinct genus of rodent from the Early to Middle Miocene of Argentina and Chile, South America. The 30 centimetres (12 in) long creature was related to guinea pigs and the capybara.

text:
# Eocardia

***Eocardia*** is an extinct genus of rodent from the Early to Middle Miocene of Argentina (Santa Cruz Formation) and Chile, South America. The 30 centimetres (12 in) long creature was related to guinea pigs and the capybara.

## InfoBox

| *Eocardia*
Temporal range: Early-Middle Miocene (Santacrucian)
~ | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Skeletal restoration | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Rodentia |
| Family: | Eocardiidae |
| Genus: | *Eocardia*
Ameghino 1887 |
|


title: 1994 Ecuadorian referendum

text:
# 1994 Ecuadorian referendum

A seven-part referendum was held in Ecuador on 28 August 1994. Voters were asked whether they approved of allowing independents to run in elections, whether the National Assembly should manage the state budget, whether to distribute the state budget by government department or region, whether to allow unlimited re-election for politicians, whether to elect members of the National Assembly in one or two rounds of voting, whether to allow dual citizenship, and whether the National Assembly should approve constitutional reforms within 100 days.

## Results

### Allowing the election of independents

> Do you consider independent citizens not affiliated to any political party should be entitled to participate as candidates in every popular election?

| Choice | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- |
| For | 1,797,454 | 65.03 |
| Against | 966,778 | 34.97 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 1,214,175 |  |
| **Total** | **3,978,407** | **100** |
| Registered voters/turnout |  |  |
| Source: Direct Democracy | | |

### Allowing the National Assembly to control the state budget

> Should legislators manage the funds of the state budget?

| Choice | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- |
| For | 450,283 | 16.60 |
| Against | 2,262,007 | 83.40 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 1,262,055 |  |
| **Total** | **3,974,345** | **100** |
| Registered voters/turnout |  |  |
| Source: Direct Democracy | | |

### Distributing the state budget

| Choice | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- |
| By government department | 1,286,402 | 54.02 |
| By region | 1,094,682 | 45.98 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 1,595,287 |  |
| **Total** | **3,976,371** | **100** |
| Registered voters/turnout |  |  |
| Source: Direct Democracy | | |

### Unlimited terms of office

| Choice | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- |
| For | 1,423,623 | 52.76 |
| Against | 1,274,254 | 47.24 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 1,278,443 |  |
| **Total** | **3,976,320** | **100** |
| Registered voters/turnout |  |  |
| Source: Direct Democracy | | |

### Electoral system for the National Assembly

| Choice | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- |
| One round | 1,348,624 | 55.72 |
| Two rounds | 1,071,407 | 44.28 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 1,555,026 |  |
| **Total** | **3,975,057** | **100** |
| Registered voters/turnout |  |  |
| Source: Direct Democracy | | |

### Allowing dual citizenship

| Choice | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- |
| For | 2,087,262 | 72.82 |
| Against | 778,786 | 27.18 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 1,110,065 |  |
| **Total** | **3,976,113** | **100** |
| Registered voters/turnout |  |  |
| Source: Direct Democracy | | |

### Constitutional reforms to be approved by the National Assembly within 100 days

| Choice | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- |
| For | 1,579,663 | 59.07 |
| Against | 1,094,687 | 40.93 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 1,302,124 |  |
| **Total** | **3,976,474** | **100** |
| Registered voters/turnout |  |  |
| Source: Direct Democracy | | |


title: 1936 in motorsport

abstract: The following is an overview of the events of 1936 in motorsport including the major racing events, motorsport venues that were opened and closed during a year, championships and non-championship events that were established and disestablished in a year, and births and deaths of racing drivers and other motorsport people.

text:
# 1936 in motorsport

The following is an overview of the events of **1936 in motorsport** including the major racing events, motorsport venues that were opened and closed during a year, championships and non-championship events that were established and disestablished in a year, and births and deaths of racing drivers and other motorsport people.

## Annual events

The calendar includes only annual major non-championship events or annual events that had own significance separate from the championship. For the dates of the championship events see related season articles.

| Date | Event | Ref |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 5–6 April | 10th Mille Miglia |  |
| 13 April | 8th Monaco Grand Prix |  |
| 30 May | 24th Indianapolis 500 |  |
| 16–19 June | 25th Isle of Man TT |  |
| 11–12 July | 11th 24 Hours of Spa |  |
| 20 December | 27th Targa Florio |  |

## Births

| Date | Month | Name | Nationality | Occupation | Note | Ref |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 4 | March | Jim Clark | British | Racing driver | Formula One World Champion (1963, 1965). Winner of the 1965 Indianapolis 500. |  |
| 18 | June | Denny Hulme | New Zealand | Racing driver | Formula One World Champion (1967). |  |
| 5 | August | Gordon Johncock | American | Racing driver | Indianapolis 500 winner (1973, 1982). |  |

## Deaths

| Date | Month | Name | Age | Nationality | Occupation | Note | Ref |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 27 | June | Bernard Rubin | 39 | Australian | Racing driver | 24 Hours of Le Mans winner (1928). |  |


title: Arthur Tonge

abstract: Arthur Tonge was an Australian politician and a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly between 1926 and 1932 and from 1935 to 1962. He was variously a member of the Labor Party (ALP), the Australian Labor Party (NSW) and the Australian Labor Party (Non-Communist)

text:
# Arthur Tonge

**Arthur Tonge** (18 December 1887 – 1 June 1963) was an Australian politician and a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly between 1926 and 1932 and from 1935 to 1962. He was variously a member of the Labor Party (ALP), the Australian Labor Party (NSW) and the Australian Labor Party (Non-Communist)

## Personal life

Tonge was born in Glebe, New South Wales, the son of a broker, and was educated to intermediate level. He worked as a newspaper clerk and became the secretary of the Federated Clerks' Union. He was involved in community groups including the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.

## Election to parliament

Tonge entered the New South Wales Parliament in highly controversial circumstances in 1926. After two unsuccessful attempts, Tonge contested the 1925 state election as the second candidate on the Labor list for the 5 member seat of North Shore. Cecil Murphy, Labor's first candidate was elected but Tonge failed to take a seat.

The result of the election, which was the last election held in New South Wales using multi-member seats and proportional representation, gave a majority of 1 to the Labor Party under premier Jack Lang. However, the Labor government could also generally count on the support of Walter Skelton of the Protestant Labor Party and Alick Kay, the independent member for North Shore. Kay's political ideology was somewhat obscure and he has been described by the Australian Dictionary of Biography as a "harmless ratbag".

To avoid by-elections under the proportional representation voting system, the Parliamentary Casual Vacancies Act ensured that retiring members were replaced by the first unsuccessful candidate from their party list in their electorate. In an attempt to make his majority more secure, Lang offered Kay the position as the consumer representative on the Metropolitan Meat Board. Kay accepted and, as this was a paid government position, he was required to resign from parliament. The method for replacing an independent member, under the act, was not completely clear but the Clerk of the Legislative Assembly ruled that as Kay had supported the government in questions of confidence and supply he could be replaced in parliament by the defeated Labor candidate for North Shore, Arthur Tonge. The reverberations from this piece of sharp political practice continued to disrupt the state Labor party for the next 15 years (see Lang Labor).

## State Parliament

With the end of proportional representation at the 1927 state election, Tonge successfully transferred to the relatively safe Labor seat of Canterbury, which was physically and demographically far removed from the North Shore. He lost the seat to the United Australia Party candidate, Edward Hocking by 111 votes at the 1932 landslide that swept Jack Lang and Labor from power. However he regained the seat at the next election in 1935. Tonge was a member of Lang's Australian Labor Party (NSW) when that party was estranged from the Federal Executive of the ALP between 1931 and 1936 and was also a member of Lang's short lived breakaway Australian Labor Party (Non-Communist) in 1940. He retained the seat of Canterbury until he lost ALP endorsement for the 1962 election. He then retired from public life. He was secretary of the Labor Party caucus between 1959 and 1962 but did not hold a ministerial or parliamentary position.

## InfoBox

| Arthur TongeMLA | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Canterbury | |
| **In office**
11 May 1935  5 February 1962 | |
| Preceded by | Edward Hocking |
| Succeeded by | Kevin Stewart |
| **In office**
8 October 1927  11 June 1932 | |
| Preceded by | *New seat* |
| Succeeded by | Edward Hocking |
| Member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for North Shore | |
| **In office**
22 September 1926  7 September 1927 | |
| Preceded by | Alick Kay |
| Succeeded by | *Seat abolished* |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1887-12-18)18 December 1887
Glebe, New South Wales |
| Died | 1 June 1963(1963-06-01) (aged 75)
Sydney |
| Political party | Labor Party Australian Labor Party (NSW) Australian Labor Party (Non-Communist) |
|  | |


title: 1996 Halifax Blue Sox season

abstract: The 1996 Halifax Blue Sox season was the club's first season in the Super League. Coached by Steve Simms, the Halifax Blue Sox competed in Super League I and finished in 6th place. The club also reached the quarter-final of the Challenge Cup.

text:
# 1996 Halifax Blue Sox season

The **1996 Halifax Blue Sox season** was the club's first season in the Super League. Coached by Steve Simms, the Halifax Blue Sox competed in Super League I and finished in 6th place. The club also reached the quarter-final of the Challenge Cup.

## Table

Super League I
| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | St Helens (C) | 22 | 20 | 0 | 2 | 950 | 455 | +495 | 40 | Qualified for Premiership semi final |
| 2 | Wigan | 22 | 19 | 1 | 2 | 902 | 326 | +576 | 39 | Qualified for Premiership semi final |
| 3 | Bradford Bulls | 22 | 17 | 0 | 5 | 767 | 409 | +358 | | 34 |
| 4 | London Broncos | 22 | 12 | 1 | 9 | 611 | 462 | +149 | | 25 |
| 5 | Warrington Wolves | 22 | 12 | 0 | 10 | 569 | 565 | +4 | 24 |  |
| 6 | Halifax Blue Sox | 22 | 10 | 1 | 11 | 667 | 576 | +91 | | 21 |
| 7 | Sheffield Eagles | 22 | 10 | 0 | 12 | 599 | 730 | 131 | | 20 |
| 8 | Oldham Bears | 22 | 9 | 1 | 12 | 473 | 681 | 208 | | 19 |
| 9 | Castleford Tigers | 22 | 9 | 0 | 13 | 548 | 599 | 51 | | 18 |
| 10 | Leeds | 22 | 6 | 0 | 16 | 555 | 745 | 190 | | 12 |
| 11 | Paris Saint-Germain | 22 | 3 | 1 | 18 | 398 | 795 | 397 | | 7 |
| 12 | Workington Town (R) | 22 | 2 | 1 | 19 | 325 | 1021 | 696 | 5 | Relegated to Division One |

Source: *Rugby League Project*
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points difference; 3) Number of points scored;
(C) Champions; (R) Relegated

## Squad

*Statistics include appearances and points in the Super League and Challenge Cup.*

| **Player** | **Apps** | **Tries** | **Goals** | **DGs** | **Points** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Asa Amone | 25 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 32 |
| Paul Anderson | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 8 |
| Simon Baldwin | 22 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 40 |
| David Bastian | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| John Bentley | 21 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 88 |
| Johnny Brewer | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 8 |
| Carl Briggs | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Chris Chester | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Craig Dean | 19 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 40 |
| Abi Ekoku | 16 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 20 |
| St John Ellis | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Carl Gillespie | 20 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 12 |
| Brandon Greenwood | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Graeme Hallas | 15 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 20 |
| Karl Harrison | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Paul Highton | 15 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 8 |
| Michael Jackson | 15 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 12 |
| Wayne Jackson | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Andy James | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Martin Ketteridge | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Oliver Marns | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Richard Marshall | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mick Martindale | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Martin Moana | 19 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 36 |
| Paul Moriarty | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Damian Munro | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 8 |
| Wayne Parker | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mark Perrett | 18 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 16 |
| Mark Preston | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Craig Rika | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Paul Rowley | 24 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 21 |
| John Schuster | 23 | 8 | 111 | 2 | 256 |
| Danny Seal | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Roy Southernwood | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Fereti Tuilagi | 21 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 24 |
| Mike Umaga | 21 | 13 | 8 | 0 | 68 |

## Transfers

### In

| **Player** | **From** | **Fee** | **Date** | **Ref** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Brandon Greenwood | Hull F.C. |  | January 1996 |  |
| Johnny Brewer | Parramatta |  | July 1996 |  |
| Martin Pearson | Featherstone Rovers |  | December 1996 |  |
| Daio Powell | Wakefield Trinity |  | December 1996 |  |

### Out

| **Player** | **Pos** | **Fee** | **Date** | **Ref** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Grant Anderson | Castleford Tigers |  | February 1996 |  |
| Mick Martindale | Wakefield Trinity |  | November 1996 |  |
| Craig Rika | Wakefield Trinity |  | November 1996 |  |

## InfoBox

| 1996 Halifax Blue Sox season | |
| --- | --- |
| Super League I Rank | 6th |
| Challenge Cup | Quarter-final |
| 1996 record | Wins: 12; draws: 1; losses: 12 |
| Points scored | For: 733; against: 637 |
| Team information | |
| Coach | Steve Simms |
| Stadium | Thrum Hall |
| List of seasons 1997 | |


# 1999 Nigerian Senate elections in Katsina State

The 1999 Nigerian Senate election in Katsina State was held on February 20, 1999, to elect members of the Nigerian Senate to represent Katsina State. Abdul Yandoma representing Katsina North, Samaʼila Mamman representing Katsina Central and Mohammed Tukur Liman representing Katsina South all won on the platform of the Peoples Democratic Party.

## Overview

| Affiliation | Party | | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| |  |  | |
| | PDP | AD | |
| Before Election |  |  | 3 |
| After Election | 3 | 0 | 3 |
|

## Summary

| District | Incumbent | Party | | Elected Senator | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Katsina North |  |  |  | Abdul Yandoma |  | PDP |
| Katsina Central |  |  |  | Samaʼila Mamman |  | PDP |
| Katsina South |  |  |  | Mohammed Tukur Liman |  | PDP |

## Results

### Katsina North

The election was won by Abdul Yandoma of the Peoples Democratic Party.

1999 Nigerian Senate election in Katsina State
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **PDP** | **Abdul Yandoma** |  |  |
| Total votes | | |  |  |
|  | PDP **hold** | | | |

### Katsina Central

The election was won by Samaʼila Mamman of the Peoples Democratic Party.

1999 Nigerian Senate election in Katsina State
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **PDP** | **Samaʼila Mamman** |  |  |
| Total votes | | |  |  |
|  | PDP **hold** | | | |

### Katsina South

The election was won by Mohammed Tukur Liman of the Peoples Democratic Party.

1999 Nigerian Senate election in Katsina State
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **PDP** | **Mohammed Tukur Liman** |  |  |
| Total votes | | |  |  |
|  | PDP **hold** | | | |


# 1999 Nigerian Senate elections in Ondo State

The 1999 Nigerian Senate election in Ondo State was held on February 20, 1999, to elect members of the Nigerian Senate to represent Ondo State. Lawrence Ayo representing Ondo North, Gbenga Ogunniya representing Ondo Central and Omololu Meroyi representing Ondo South all won on the platform of the Alliance for Democracy.

## Overview

| Affiliation | Party | | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| |  |  | |
| | PDP | AD | |
| Before Election |  |  | 3 |
| After Election | 0 | 3 | 3 |
|

## Summary

| District | Incumbent | Party | | Elected Senator | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Ondo North |  |  |  | Lawrence Ayo |  | AD |
| Ondo Central |  |  |  | Gbenga Ogunniya |  | AD |
| Ondo South |  |  |  | Omololu Meroyi |  | AD |

## Results

### Ondo North

The election was won by Lawrence Ayo of the Alliance for Democracy.

1999 Nigerian Senate election in Ondo State
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **AD** | **Lawrence Ayo** |  |  |
| Total votes | | |  |  |
|  | AD **hold** | | | |

### Ondo Central

The election was won by Gbenga Ogunniya of the Alliance for Democracy.

1999 Nigerian Senate election in Ondo State
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **AD** | **Gbenga Ogunniya** |  |  |
| Total votes | | |  |  |
|  | AD **hold** | | | |

### Ondo South

The election was won by Omololu Meroyi of the Alliance for Democracy.

1999 Nigerian Senate election in Ondo State
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **AD** | **Omololu Meroyi** |  |  |
| Total votes | | |  |  |
|  | AD **hold** | | | |


title: Epratuzumab

abstract: Epratuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody. Potential uses may be found in oncology and in treatment of inflammatory autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

text:
# Epratuzumab

**Epratuzumab** (planned trade name **LymphoCide**) is a humanized monoclonal antibody. Potential uses may be found in oncology and in treatment of inflammatory autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

## Clinical trials

A clinical trial for relapsed adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has reported initial results.

Results have been published for a phase II trial in untreated follicular lymphoma.

Early results from a phase II trial for Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) were encouraging.

The manufacturers in August 2009 announced success in early trials against SLE, and started two Phase III clinical trials.
July 2015 : Both phase III trials (EMBODY1/2) for SLE failed to meet their primary endpoint.

## Mechanism of action

Epratuzumab binds to the glycoprotein CD22 of mature and malignant B-cells.

Elevated CD22 and other B-cell receptor (BCR) proteins are associated with SLE. "Epratuzumab's mechanism of action transfers these BCR proteins to helper cells called effector cells which reduces B-cell destruction and epratuzumab's impact on the body's immune system" via a process called trogocytosis. Other SLE therapies destroy B-cells which compromises the immune system.

## InfoBox

Epratuzumab
| Monoclonal antibody | |
| --- | --- |
| Type | Whole antibody |
| Source | Humanized (from mouse) |
| Target | CD22 |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | LymphoCide |
| ATC code | * none |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status | * Investigational |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number |  |
| PubChem SID |  |
| IUPHAR/BPS |  |
| DrugBank |  |
| ChemSpider | * none |
| UNII |  |
| KEGG |  |
| NY (what is this?)  (verify) | |


title: 1927 Emperor's Cup

text:
# 1927 Emperor's Cup

Statistics of Emperor's Cup in the 1927 season.

## Overview

It was contested by 8 teams, and Kobe Icchu Club won the cup.

## Results

### Quarterfinals

### Semifinals

### Final

Kobe Icchu Club won the cup.

* (in Japanese) NHK

## InfoBox

1927 Emperor's Cup
| Tournament details | |
| --- | --- |
| Country | Japan |
| Teams | 8 |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | Kobe Icchu Club (1st title) |
| Runner-up | Rijo Club |
| Semifinalists |  |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 7 |
| Goals scored | 15 (2.14 per match) |
|  | |


title: Artifacts (film)

abstract: Artifacts is a 2007 horror film directed by Giles Daoust and Emmanuel Jespers and starring Mary Stockley and Felix Scott. It was released in the United States by Lionsgate Films.

text:
# Artifacts (film)

***Artifacts*** is a 2007 horror film directed by Giles Daoust and Emmanuel Jespers and starring Mary Stockley and Felix Scott. It was released in the United States by Lionsgate Films.

## Plot

Kate (Mary Stockley) is a workaholic with a failing relationship with her boyfriend. One night after falling asleep she dreams of one of her friends being thrown from a building by an unseen assailant. The police come to her the next day and reveal to her that her friend has, in fact, died. Kate, for a moment begins to wonder if she is responsible. She then realizes that it was not she who killed her friend, but her friend's double. One by one Kate's friends are hunted downed and killed with strange 'artifacts' removed from their bodies by their attackers. Kate then teams up with her boyfriend in hopes that they can escape the same fate.

## Accolades

Released in the US under Lionsgate DVDs, *Artifacts* had very little (if any) fanfare. A trailer was created and was printed on most of Lionsgate's then current releases. *Artifacts* has received four film festival awards: 'Official Selection at the Hollywood Film Festival', 'Winner of the Platinum Award at the Worldfest Houston International Independent Film Festival', 'Official Selection at the Brussels International Festival of Fantastic Film', and 'Official Selection at Fantasporto'.

## Critical reception

DVD Talk praised the film, noting good acting and a "compelling" unbloated plot while criticising its open-ended ambiguous ending, and rated it "highly recommended". DVD Verdict was less keen, saying "there's not much happening here", praising the acting and visuals while criticising the plot. Dread Central gave the film 3/5, calling it "good for a quick watch" but "forgettable", and giving the DVD special features, a documentary featurette on the making of the film, 1/5. Cinema Fantastique gave it 2/5, finding the scenario simplistic and the film direction repetitive.

## InfoBox

| Artifacts | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Giles Daoust
Emmanuel Jespers |
| Written by | Giles Daoust |
| Starring | Mary Stockley
Felix Scott
Véronique Vandeven |
| Music by | Ernst W. Meinrath |
| Release date | * October 20, 2007 (2007-10-20) (Hollywood Film Festival) |
| Running time | 75 minutes |
| Country | Belgium |
| Language | English |


title: Eos (yacht)

abstract: The Eos is a three-masted Bermuda rigged schooner. The ship is one of the largest private sailing yachts in the world, and as of 2009 was owned by movie and media billionaire Barry Diller, husband of fashion designer Diane von Fürstenberg. According to a 2007 article in Harper's Bazaar, Eos features a figurehead of von Fürstenberg sculpted by Anh Duong. Its overall length measures approximately 305 feet (92.92m).

text:
# Eos (yacht)

The ***Eos*** is a three-masted Bermuda rigged schooner. The ship is one of the largest private sailing yachts in the world, and as of 2009 was owned by movie and media billionaire Barry Diller, husband of fashion designer Diane von Fürstenberg. According to a 2007 article in Harper's Bazaar, *Eos* features a figurehead of von Fürstenberg sculpted by Anh Duong. Its overall length measures approximately 305 feet (92.92m).

## Construction

Designed by Antonio Ferrer, a graduate of Westlawn Institute of Marine Technology, *Eos* was launched in Bremen, Germany from the Lürssen yard in 2006. The ship took three years to build. When launched, she "knocked *Athena* off the number one spot \[for largest sailing yacht\]." Bill Langan was the designer, Rondal/Huisman supplied the rig, and the remaining naval architecture was completed by Lürssen. The interior was designed by François Catroux. The 200 feet (61 m) tall masts are "the maximum height allowed to enable the craft to pass underneath bridges cross the globe."

## Size

According to the San Francisco Bay Area sailing magazine *Latitude 38*, the *EOS* is longer overall than her nearest rival, the *Maltese Falcon.* However, much of the length of *Eos* is in the bowsprit, and although she is slightly beamier than the *Falcon,* the *Maltese Falcon* is fourteen feet longer on deck and over 20 feet (6.1 m) longer at the waterline, as seen in the table below: Another very similar style of boat is the older yacht Athena, which has more traditional sail plan but is general smaller, and another example is the Black Pearl, which was delivered in 2018 and is larger overall but like Maltese Falcon uses a 3-mast DynaRig.

> | Name | LOA | LOD | LWL | Beam |
> | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
> | *Black Pearl* | 348 feet (106 m) |  |  | 49 feet (15 m) |
> | ***Eos*** | 305 feet (93 m) | 271 feet (83 m) | 233 feet (71 m) | 44.2 feet (13.5 m) |
> | *The Maltese Falcon* | 289 feet (88 m) | 285 feet (87 m) | 256 feet (78 m) | 42 feet (13 m) |
> | *Athena* | 295 feet (90 m) | 253 feet (77 m) | 198 feet (60 m) | 40 feet (12 m) |

In 2007, a BBC headline declared *Eos* the largest, saying "The world's largest private yacht, owned by an American millionaire, is in a south Devon harbour." Other news outlets have also come out for *Eos* as the world's largest private yacht.

## Press coverage

Press coverage of *Eos* written for non-sailors describes the ship with phrases like "world's largest," (despite the opinion of the *Latitude 38* "sailing experts"). A 2009 news story about *Eos'* arrival in Fremantle, Australia appears designed to reinforce the glamor and mystique of luxury yachting, (if not envy and/or daydreaming). It claims that not only is the ship "the world's largest yacht," but that "Little is known about the yacht's interior, kept a secret by Mr. Diller, but it is believed to boast a glass staircase and panoramic views astern." The outgoing captain was quoted as saying, "I thoroughly enjoy it ... I have long, unstructured hours and an ever-changing itinerary. We have no set route but travel mainly between the Mediterranean and the Caribbean."

The ship is "valued in excess of US$150 million."

*Latitude 38* describes *Eos'* owner, Barry Diller, creator of Fox Broadcasting Company, as "currently the Chairman of Expedia and the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of IAC/InterActiveCorp ... parent of companies including Home Shopping Network, Ticketmaster, Match.com and others," noting that "In 2005, Diller received $295 million in compensation, the highest of any executive in the United States."

When the designer of *Eos,* Bill Langan, died in Dec. 2010, the yacht was mentioned in his company's article commemorating his work.

## Fire

On June 30, 2012, at around 15:00 (CEST), the ship caught fire outside the island of Ormøya in Oslo, Norway. Barry Diller and his wife were ashore at the time. The crew took the first response to the fire and controlled the situation until the Norwegian fire department and the harbour police arrived at 16:15 (CEST). The fire was successfully extinguished by 20:00 (CEST) and the ship made a safe return to port for damage assessment. There were no personal injuries. The fire did, however, cause severe damage to the top decks, whilst the rest of the yacht escaped virtually undamaged. Diller described the incident as being "no problem", emphasizing his relief that everyone escaped unharmed.

## InfoBox

| *Eos* in Lyttelton, New Zealand, Mar. 7, 2010 | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| Cayman Islands | |
| Name | *Eos* |
| Namesake | Eos, Greek goddess of dawn |
| Launched | 2006 |
| Identification |  |
| General characteristics | |
| Tonnage | 1500 gross tons |
| Length | 304.86 ft (92.92 m) LOA (including bowsprit); 271 ft (83 m) LOD; 233 feet (71 m) LWL |
| Beam | 44.29 ft (13.50 m) |
| Propulsion | Twin screw with 2 × 2,333 hp (1,740 kW) MTU diesel engines |
| Sail plan | 3-masted Bermuda rigged schooner |
| Speed | 16 knots (30 km/h) maximum |
| Complement | 16 guests, approx. 21 crew. Two chefs, three engineers, nine deck crew, and captains and stewardesses. |
| Notes | Aluminum hull and superstructure |