title: 1979 WTA Tour

abstract: The 1979 WTA Tour consisted of a number of tennis tournaments for female tennis players. It was composed of the newly streamlined version of the Avon Championships and the Colgate Series. The year 1979 also saw the creation of the first official ranking system and these rankings were used to determine acceptance into the tournaments.

text:
# 1979 WTA Tour

The **1979 WTA Tour** consisted of a number of tennis tournaments for female tennis players. It was composed of the newly streamlined version of the Avon Championships (which was now an 11-week tour of the US) and the Colgate Series. The year 1979 also saw the creation of the first official ranking system and these rankings were used to determine acceptance into the tournaments.

## Schedule

This is a calendar of all events which were part of either the Avon Championships circuit or the Colgate Series in the year 1979, with player progression documented from the quarterfinals stage. Also included are the Grand Slam tournaments, the 1979 Avon Championships, the 1979 Federation Cup and a number of events not affiliated with either tour.

Key

| Grand Slam tournaments |
| --- |
| Avon/Colgate Series championships |
| Avon Championships Circuit |
| Colgate Series |
| Non-tour events |
| Team events |

### November (1978)

| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 20 Nov | Colgate International
Christchurch, New Zealand
Colgate Series
Grass – $35,000 – 48S/28D
SinglesDoubles | Regina Maršíková
6–2, 6–1 | Sylvia Hanika | Lea Antonoplis
Mimmi Wikstedt | Anne Hobbs
Naoko Sato
Jane Stratton
Lesley Hunt |
| | | Lesley Hunt
Sharon Walsh
6–1, 7–5 | Katja Ebbinghaus
Sylvia Hanika | | |

### December (1978)

| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 4 Dec | Toyota Women's Classic
Sydney, Australia
Colgate Series
Grass – $75,000 – 64S/32D
SinglesDoubles | Dianne Fromholtz
6–1, 1–6, 6–4 | Kerry Reid | Virginia Wade
Wendy Turnbull | Regina Maršíková
Lesley Hunt
Hana Mandlíková
Lesley Hunt |
| | | Kerry Reid
Wendy Turnbull
6–2, 4–6, 6–2 | Judy Chaloner
Anne Hobbs | | |
| 11 Dec | Adelaide International
Adelaide, Australia
Colgate Series
Grass – $50,000 – 64S/32D
SinglesDoubles | Kerry Reid
7–5, 6–7, 6–1 | Beth Norton | Hana Mandlíková
Ilana Kloss | Lesley Hunt
Anne Hobbs
Chris O'Neil
Birgitte Hermansen |
| | | Lesley Hunt
Sharon Walsh
6–2, 6–2 | Ilana Kloss
Marise Kruger | | |
| 18 Dec | New South Wales Open
Sydney, Australia
Colgate Series
Grass – $75,000 – 32S
SinglesDoubles | Dianne Fromholtz
6–2, 7–5 | Wendy Turnbull | Renáta Tomanová
Lea Antonoplis | Lesley Hunt
Ilana Kloss
Sharon Walsh
Elisabeth Ekblom |
| | | Lesley Hunt
Sharon Walsh
6–2, 6–1 | Ilana Kloss
Marise Kruger | | |
| 25 Dec
1 Jan | Australian Open
Melbourne, Australia
Grand Slam
Grass – 64S/32D
SinglesDoubles | Chris O'Neil
6–3, 7–6(7–3) | Betsy Nagelsen | Dianne Evers
Christine Matison | Sue Barker
Dorte Ekner
Mary Sawyer
Renáta Tomanová |
| | | Betsy Nagelsen
Renáta Tomanová
7–5, 6–2 | Naoko Sato
Pam Whytcross | | |

### January

| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 Jan | Avon Championships of Washington
Washington, United States
Avon Championships Circuit
Carpet (i) – $125,000 – 32S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Tracy Austin
6–3, 6–2 | Martina Navratilova | Dianne Fromholtz
Ilana Kloss | Ann Kiyomura
Pam Teeguarden
Anne Smith
Pam Shriver |
| | | Mima Jaušovec
Virginia Ruzici
4–6, 6–2, 6–4 | Renée Richards
Sharon Walsh | | |
| 8 Jan | Avon Championships of California
Oakland, United States
Avon Championships Circuit
Carpet (i) – $125,000 – 32S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Martina Navratilova
7–5, 7–5 | Chris Evert | Ann Kiyomura
Dianne Fromholtz | Kathy May
Mima Jaušovec
Virginia Ruzici
Marita Redondo |
| | | Chris Evert
Rosie Casals
3–6, 6–4, 6–3 | Tracy Austin
Betty Stöve | | |
| 15 Jan | Avon Championships of Houston
Houston, United States
Avon Championships Circuit
Carpet (i) – $125,000 – 32S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Martina Navratilova
6–3, 6–2 | Virginia Wade | Dianne Fromholtz
Wendy Turnbull | Virginia Ruzici
Stacy Margolin
Rosie Casals
Kathy Jordan |
| | | Martina Navratilova
Janet Newberry
4–6, 6–4, 6–2 | Pam Shriver
Betty Stöve | | |
| 22 Jan | Avon Championships of Florida
Hollywood, United States
Avon Championships Circuit
Hard – $150,000 – 32S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Greer Stevens
6–4, 2–6, 6–4 | Dianne Fromholtz | Marise Kruger
Virginia Wade | Carrie Meyer
Terry Holladay
Sue Barker
Virginia Ruzici |
| | | Tracy Austin
Betty Stöve
6–2, 2–6, 6–2 | Rosie Casals
Wendy Turnbull | | |
| 29 Jan | Avon Championships of Chicago
Chicago, United States
Avon Championships Circuit
Carpet (i) – $200,000 – 32S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Martina Navratilova
6–3, 6–4 | Tracy Austin | Kerry Reid
Greer Stevens | Anne Smith
Marise Kruger
Mima Jaušovec
Sue Barker |
| | | Rosie Casals
Betty-Ann Stuart
3–6, 7–5, 7–5 | Ilana Kloss
Greer Stevens | | |

### February

| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 5 Feb | Avon Championships of Seattle
Seattle, United States
Avon Championships Circuit
Carpet (i) – $125,000 – 32S/15D
SinglesDoubles | Chris Evert
6–1, 3–6, 6–1 | Renée Richards | Kerry Reid
Jeanne DuVall | Kathy Jordan
Wendy Turnbull
Virginia Ruzici
Betty Stöve |
| | | Françoise Dürr
Betty Stöve
7–6(7–4), 4–6, 6–4 | Sue Barker
Ann Kiyomura | | |
| 12 Feb | Avon Championships of Los Angeles
Los Angeles, United States
Avon Championships Circuit
Carpet (i) – $150,000 – 32S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Chris Evert
6–3, 6–4 | Martina Navratilova | Tracy Austin
Greer Stevens | Barbara Potter
Ann Kiyomura
Wendy Turnbull
Virginia Ruzici |
| | | Rosie Casals
Chris Evert
6–4, 1–6, 6–3 | Martina Navratilova
Anne Smith | | |
| 19 Feb | Avon Championships of Detroit
Detroit, United States
Avon Championships Circuit
Carpet (i) – $150,000 – 32S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Wendy Turnbull
7–5, 1–6, 7–6(7–4) | Virginia Ruzici | Martina Navratilova
Rosie Casals | Anne Smith
Mima Jaušovec
Ann Kiyomura
Dianne Fromholtz |
| | | Wendy Turnbull
Betty Stöve
6–4, 7–6(7–5) | Sue Barker
Ann Kiyomura | | |
| 26 Feb | Avon Championships of Dallas
Dallas, United States
Avon Championships Circuit
Carpet (i) – $200,000 – 32S/14D
SinglesDoubles | Martina Navratilova
6–4, 6–4 | Chris Evert | Tracy Austin
Virginia Wade | Stacy Margolin
Renáta Tomanová
Dianne Fromholtz
Sue Barker |
| | | Martina Navratilova
Anne Smith
7–6, 6–2 | Rosie Casals
Chris Evert | | |

### March

| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 5 Mar | Avon Championships of Philadelphia
Philadelphia, United States
Avon Championships Circuit
Carpet (i) – $125,000 – 32S/1D
SinglesDoubles | Wendy Turnbull
5–7, 6–3, 6–2 | Virginia Wade | Rosie Casals
Sue Barker | Terry Holladay
Pam Shriver
Greer Stevens
Kathy Teacher |
| | | Françoise Dürr
Betty Stöve
6–4, 6–2 | Renée Richards
Virginia Wade | | |
| 12 Mar | Avon Championships of Boston
Boston, United States
Avon Championships Circuit
Carpet (i) – $150,000 – 34S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Dianne Fromholtz
6–2, 7–6(7–4) | Sue Barker | Virginia Wade
Wendy Turnbull | Chris Evert
Greer Stevens
Kerry Reid
Marita Redondo |
| | | Kerry Reid
Wendy Turnbull
6–4, 6–2 | Sue Barker
Ann Kiyomura | | |
| 19 Mar | Avon Championships
New York City, United States
Season-end championships
Carpet (i) – $275,000 – 8S/4D
SinglesDoubles | Martina Navratilova
6–3, 3–6, 6–2 | Tracy Austin | Sue Barker
Dianne Fromholtz | Round robin
Greer Stevens
Virginia Wade
Wendy Turnbull
Chris Evert |
| | | Françoise Dürr
Betty Stöve
7–6(7–1), 7–6(7–3) | Sue Barker
Ann Kiyomura | | |

### April

| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2 Apr | Bridgestone Doubles Championships
Tokyo, Japan
Carpet (i) – $150,000 – 8D
Doubles | Françoise Dürr
Betty Stöve
7–5, 7–6(9–7) | Sue Barker
Ann Kiyomura | Melville /  Turnbull
Hunt /  Walsh | Acker /  Carillo
Wade /  Newberry
Casals /  Smith
Meyer /  Teeguarden |
| 9 Apr | Family Circle Cup
Amelia Island, United States
Colgate Series
Clay – $150,000 – 30S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Tracy Austin
7–6(7–3), 7–6(9–7) | Kerry Reid | Martina Navratilova
Evonne Goolagong Cawley | Mima Jaušovec
Lele Forood
Betty Stöve
Laura duPont |
| | | Rosie Casals
Martina Navratilova
6–4, 7–5 | Françoise Dürr
Betty Stöve | | |
| 30 Apr | Federation Cup
Madrid, Spain
Clay – 32 teams knockout | United States**
3–0** | Australia | Czechoslovakia
Soviet Union | France
Switzerland
Great Britain
Netherlands |

### May

| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 7 May | Italian Open
Rome, Italy
Colgate Series
$100,000 – clay
SinglesDoubles | Tracy Austin
6–4, 1–6, 6–3 | Sylvia Hanika | Chris Evert
Evonne Goolagong Cawley | Ivanna Madruga
Virginia Ruzici
Dianne Fromholtz
Iris Riedel-Kuhn |
| | | Wendy Turnbull
Betty Stöve
6–3, 6–4 | Evonne Goolagong Cawley
Kerry Reid | | |
| 14 May | Bancroft Trophy
Vienna, Austria
Colgate Series
$75,000 – carpet (i)
SinglesDoubles | Chris Evert
6–1, 6–1 | Caroline Stoll | Regina Maršíková
Virginia Ruzici | Yvonne Vermaak
Kerry Reid
Wendy Turnbull
Dianne Fromholtz |
| | | Marise Kruger
Dianne Fromholtz
3–6, 6–4, 6–1 | Ilana Kloss
Betty-Ann Stuart | | |
| 21 May | German Open
West Berlin, West Germany
Colgate Series
Clay – $100,000 – 32S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Caroline Stoll
7–6(7–4), 6–0 | Regina Maršíková | Virginia Ruzici
Evonne Goolagong Cawley | Mima Jaušovec
Sylvia Hanika
Renáta Tomanová
Kerry Reid |
| | | Rosie Casals
Wendy Turnbull
6–2, 7–5 | Evonne Goolagong Cawley
Kerry Reid | | |
| 28 May
4 Jun | French Open
Paris, France
Grand Slam
Clay – $375,000 – 64S/64Q/32D/28X
SinglesDoublesMixed doubles | Chris Evert
6–2, 6–0 | Wendy Turnbull | Dianne Fromholtz
Regina Maršíková | Ruta Gerulaitis
Virginia Ruzici
Hana Mandlíková
Renáta Tomanová |
| | | Betty Stöve
Wendy Turnbull
3–6, 7–5, 6–4 | Françoise Dürr
Virginia Wade | | |
| | | Wendy Turnbull
Bob Hewitt
6–3, 2–6, 6–3 | Virginia Ruzici
Ion Țiriac | | |

### June

| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 11 Jun | Crossley Carpets Trophy
Chichester, Great Britain
Colgate Series
Grass – $35,000 – 32S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Evonne Goolagong Cawley
6–1, 6–4 | Sue Barker | Billie Jean King
Tanya Harford | Martina Navratilova
Pam Teeguarden
Kate Latham
Pam Shriver |
| | | Greer Stevens
Wendy Turnbull
6–3, 1–6, 7–5 | Billie Jean King
Martina Navratilova | | |
| 18 Jun | Colgate International
Eastbourne, Great Britain
Colgate Series
Grass – $100,000 – 64S/32D
SinglesDoubles | Chris Evert
7–5, 5–7, 13–11 | Martina Navratilova | Tracy Austin
Virginia Wade | Wendy Turnbull
Ilana Kloss
Bettina Bunge
Kerry Reid |
| | | Betty Stöve
Wendy Turnbull
6–2, 6–2 | Ilana Kloss
Betty-Ann Stuart | | |
| 25 Jun
2 July | Wimbledon Championships
London, Great Britain
Grand Slam
Grass – 96S/48D/48X
Draws: SinglesDoublesMixed doubles | Martina Navratilova
6–4, 6–4 | Chris Evert | Tracy Austin
Evonne Goolagong Cawley | Dianne Fromholtz
Billie Jean King
Virginia Wade
Wendy Turnbull |
| | | Billie Jean King
Martina Navratilova
5–7, 6–3, 6–2 | Betty Stöve
Wendy Turnbull | | |
| | | Greer Stevens
Bob Hewitt
7–5, 7–6(9–7) | Betty Stöve
Frew McMillan | | |

### July

| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 16 Jul | Austrian Open
Kitzbühel, Austria
Colgate Series
Clay – $35,000 – 32S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Hana Mandlíková
2–6, 7–5, 6–3 | Sylvia Hanika |  |  |
| | | Helena Anliot
Dianne Evers
6–0, 6–4 | Virginia Ruzici
Elly Vessies | | |
| 30 Jul | Wells Fargo Open
San Diego, United States
Colgate Series
Hard – $75,000 – 32S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Tracy Austin
6–4, 6–2 | Martina Navratilova | Virginia Wade
Kathy Jordan | Anne Smith
Kerry Reid
Marita Redondo
Ann Kiyomura |
| | | Rosie Casals
Martina Navratilova
3–6, 6–4, 6–2 | Ann Kiyomura
Betty-Ann Stuart | | |

### August

| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 6 Aug | U.S. Clay Court Championships
Indianapolis, United States
Colgate Series
Clay – $100,000 – 48S/24D
SinglesDoubles | Chris Evert
6–4, 6–3 | Evonne Goolagong Cawley | Renée Richards
Regina Maršíková | Mima Jaušovec
Virginia Ruzici
Anne Smith
Jeanne DuVall |
| | | Kathy Jordan
Anne Smith
6–1, 6–0 | Penny Johnson
Paula Smith | | |
| 13 Aug | Rothmans Canadian Open
Toronto, Canada
Colgate Series
$35,000 – hard
SinglesDoubles | Laura duPont
6–4, 6–7(3–7), 6–1 | Brigitte Cuypers | Diane Desfor
Pam Teeguarden | Chris O'Neil
Lea Antonoplis
Kay McDaniel
Mary Carillo |
| | | Lea Antonoplis
Dianne Evers
2–6, 6–1, 6–3 | Chris O'Neil
Mimmi Wikstedt | | |
| | Central Fidelity Banks International
Richmond, United States
Colgate Series
$100,000 – carpet (i)
SinglesDoubles | Martina Navratilova
6–1, 6–3 | Kathy Jordan | Wendy Turnbull
Virginia Wade | Anne Smith
Kerry Reid
Kate Latham
Greer Stevens |
| | Betty Stöve
Wendy Turnbull
6–1, 6–4 | Billie Jean King
Martina Navratilova | | |
| 20 Aug | Volvo Tennis Cup
Mahwah, United States
Colgate Series
$75,000 – clay
SinglesDoubles | Chris Evert
6–7(2–7), 6–4, 6–1 | Tracy Austin | Betty Stöve
Virginia Ruzici | Sue Barker
Ivanna Madruga
Terry Holladay
Regina Maršíková |
| | | Tracy Austin
Betty Stöve
7–6(7–4), 2–6, 6–4 | Mima Jaušovec
Regina Maršíková | | |
| 27 Aug
3 Sep | US Open
New York City, United States
Grand Slam
Hard – $300,000 – 96S/32D/32X
Draw: SinglesDoublesMixed doubles | Tracy Austin
6–3, 6–4 | Chris Evert | Billie Jean King
Martina Navratilova | Evonne Goolagong Cawley
Virginia Wade
Sylvia Hanika
Kerry Reid |
| | | Betty Stöve
Wendy Turnbull
7–5, 6–3 | Billie Jean King
Martina Navratilova | | |
| | | Greer Stevens
Bob Hewitt
6–3, 7–5 | Betty Stöve
Frew McMillan | | |

### September

| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 10 Sep | Toray Sillook Open
Tokyo, Japan
Colgate Series
Hard – $150,000 – 32S | Billie Jean King
6–4, 7–5 | Evonne Goolagong Cawley | Dianne Fromholtz (3rd)
Ann Kiyomura (4th) | Terry Holladay
Kerry Reid
Wendy Turnbull
Betty Stöve |
| | Greater Pittsburgh Open
Pittsburgh, United States
Colgate Series
Hard – $35,000 – 32S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Sue Barker
6–3, 6–1 | Renée Richards |  |  |
| | Sue Barker
Candy Reynolds
6–3, 6–2 | Bunny Bruning
Jane Stratton | | |
| 24 Sep | Davison's Tennis Classic
Atlanta, United States
Colgate Series
$100,000 – carpet (i)
SinglesDoubles | Martina Navratilova
7–6(8–6), 6–4 | Wendy Turnbull | Evonne Goolagong Cawley
Tracy Austin | Virginia Wade
Marise Kruger
Dianne Fromholtz
Chris Evert |
| | | Betty Stöve
Wendy Turnbull
6–2, 6–4 | Ann Kiyomura
Anne Smith | | |

### October

| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 Oct | US Indoors Championships
Minneapolis, United States
Colgate Series
Carpet (i) – $100,000 – 32S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Evonne Goolagong Cawley
6–3, 6–4 | Dianne Fromholtz | Martina Navratilova
Tracy Austin | Ann Kiyomura
Billie Jean King
Virginia Wade
Kerry Reid |
| | | Billie Jean King
Martina Navratilova
6–4, 7–6(9–7) | Betty Stöve
Wendy Turnbull | | |
| 8 Oct | Thunderbird Classic
Phoenix, United States
Colgate Series
Hard – $100,000 – 32S/16S
SinglesDoubles | Martina Navratilova
6–1, 6–3 | Chris Evert | Kate Latham
Wendy Turnbull | Laura duPont
Kerry Reid
Caroline Stoll
Ann Kiyomura |
| | | Betty Stöve
Wendy Turnbull
6–4, 7–6(7–4) | Rosie Casals
Chris Evert | | |
| 15 Oct | Borden Classic
Kyoto, Japan
Colgate Series
Carpet (i) – $35,000 – 32S/16S
SinglesDoubles | Betsy Nagelsen
6–3, 6–4 | Naoko Sato |  |  |
| | | Chen Chuan
Yu Li-Qiao
6–0, 7–6 | Sue Saliba
Mary Sawyer | | |
| 22 Oct | Florida Federal Open
Tampa, United States
Colgate Series
Hard – $100,000 – 32S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Evonne Goolagong Cawley
6–0, 6–3 | Virginia Wade | Chris Evert
Tracy Austin | Virginia Ruzici
Regina Maršíková
Wendy Turnbull
Kerry Reid |
| | | Anne Smith
Virginia Ruzici
7–5, 4–6, 7–5 | Ilana Kloss
Betty-Ann Stuart | | |
| | Hit Union Japan Open
Tokyo, Japan
Colgate Series
$35,000 – carpet (i)
SinglesDoubles | Betsy Nagelsen
6–1, 3–6, 6–3 | Naoko Sato |  |  |
| | Betsy Nagelsen
Penny Johnson
3–6, 6–4, 7–6 | Chen Chuan
Yu Li-Qiao | | |
| 29 Oct | Stockholm Open
Stockholm, Sweden
Colgate Series
Carpet (i) – $35,000 – 32S/16S
SinglesDoubles | Billie Jean King
6–3, 6–7, 7–5 | Betty Stöve | Virginia Ruzici
Lena Sandin | Hana Mandlíková
Brigitte Cuypers
Anne Smith
Mima Jaušovec |
| | | Betty Stöve
Wendy Turnbull
7–5, 7–6 | Billie Jean King
Ilana Kloss | | |
| | Wightman Cup
West Palm Beach, United States
Hard (i)
Team event
 | United States
7–0 | Great Britain |  |  |
| || |

### November

| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 5 Nov | Porsche Tennis Grand Prix
Filderstadt, West Germany
Colgate Series
Carpet (i) – $100,000 – 32S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Tracy Austin
6–2, 6–0 | Martina Navratilova | Mima Jaušovec
Chris Evert | Kerry Reid
Nina Bohm
Regina Maršíková
Wendy Turnbull |
| | | Billie Jean King
Martina Navratilova
6–3, 6–3 | Wendy Turnbull
Betty Stöve | | |
| 19 Nov | Daihatsu Challenge
Brighton, Great Britain
Colgate Series
$75,000 – carpet (i)
SinglesDoubles | Martina Navratilova
6–3, 6–3 | Chris Evert | Billie Jean King
Sylvia Hanika | Ilana Kloss
Glynis Coles
Virginia Wade
Virginia Ruzici |
| | | Ann Kiyomura
Anne Smith
6–2, 6–1 | Ilana Kloss
Laura duPont | | |
| 26 Nov | Toyota Classic
Melbourne, Australia
Colgate Series
Grass – $100,000 – 32S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Hana Mandlíková
6–3, 6–2 | Wendy Turnbull | Renee Blount
Virginia Ruzici | Mimmi Wikstedt
Dianne Fromholtz
Sue Barker
Billie Jean King |
| | | Wendy Turnbull
Billie Jean King
6–3, 6–3 | Dianne Fromholtz
Anne Smith | | |

### December

| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 3 Dec | NSW Building Society Women's Classic
Sydney, Australia
Colgate Series
Grass – $100,000 – 32S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Sue Barker
6–0, 7–5 | Rosalyn Fairbank | Diane Desfor
Regina Maršíková | Virginia Ruzici
Hana Mandlíková
Wendy Turnbull
Betty-Ann Stuart |
| | | Wendy Turnbull
Billie Jean King
7–5, 6–4 | Pam Shriver
Sue Barker | | |
| 10 Dec | Berri Fruit Juices
Adelaide, Australia
Colgate Series
Grass – $100,000 – 32S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Hana Mandlíková
7–5, 2–2 ret. | Virginia Ruzici | Sue Barker
Betty-Ann Stuart | Pam Shriver
Susan Leo
Roberta McCallum
Diane Desfor |
| | | Hana Mandlíková
Virginia Ruzici
2–6, 6–4, 6–4 | Pam Shriver
Sue Barker | | |
| 17 Dec | Nabisco NSW
Sydney, Australia
Colgate Series
Grass – $50,000 – 32S/16D
SinglesDoubles | Hana Mandlíková
6–3, 3–6, 6–3 | Bettina Bunge | Sue Barker
Renáta Tomanová | Rosalyn Fairbank
Diane Morrison
Janet Newberry
Leanne Harrison |
| | | Diane Desfor
Barbara Hallquist
4–6, 6–2, 6–2 | Barbara Jordan
Kym Ruddell | | |
| 24 Dec
31 Dec | Australian Open
Melbourne, Australia
Grand Slam
Grass – $350,000 – 64S/32D
SinglesDoubles | Barbara Jordan
6–3, 6–3 | Sharon Walsh | Mary Sawyer
Renáta Tomanová | Janet Newberry
Michele Gurdal
Cynthia Doerner
Hana Mandlíková |
| | | Judy Connor Chaloner
Dianne Evers Brown
6–1, 3–6, 6–0 | Leanne Harrison
Marcella Mesker | | |

### January (1980)

| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2 Jan | Colgate Series Championships
Landover, United States
Colgate Series championships
$250,000 – grass
SinglesDoubles | Martina Navratilova
6–2, 6–1 | Tracy Austin | Chris Evert
Wendy Turnbull | Round robin
Dianne Fromholtz
Evonne Goolagong Cawley
Regina Maršíková
Kerry Reid |
| | | Billie Jean King
Martina Navratilova
6–4, 6–3 | Rosie Casals
Chris Evert | | |

## Rankings

Below are the 1979 WTA year-end rankings (December 31, 1979) in both singles and doubles competition:

| Singles Year-end Ranking | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
| **No** | **Player Name** | **Points** | **1978** | **Change** |
| 1 | Martina Navratilova (USA) | 15.748 | 1 |  |
| 2 | Chris Evert (USA) | 14.111 | 2 |  |
| 3 | Tracy Austin (USA) | 14.004 | 6 | 3 |
| 4 | Evonne Goolagong Cawley (AUS) | 11.814 | 3 | 1 |
| 5 | Billie Jean King (USA) | 8.857 | 5 |  |
| 6 | Dianne Fromholtz (AUS) | 8.375 | 10 | 4 |
| 7 | Wendy Turnbull (AUS) | 8.214 | 7 |  |
| 8 | Virginia Wade (GBR) | 7.959 | 4 | 4 |
| 9 | Kerry Reid (AUS) | 6.645 | 9 |  |
| 10 | Sue Barker (GBR) | 6.618 | 24 | 14 |
| 11 | Kathy Jordan (USA) | 6.555 | NR | NR |
| 12 | Greer Stevens (RSA) | 6.336 | 17 | 5 |
| 13 | Virginia Ruzici (ROU) | 6.149 | 12 | 1 |
| 14 | Regina Maršíková (TCH) | 6.013 | 14 |  |
| 15 | Ann Kiyomura (USA) | 5.457 | 39 | 24 |
| 16 | Sylvia Hanika (FRG) | 5.010 | 35 | 19 |
| 17 | Hana Mandlíková (TCH) | 4.952 | 45 | 28 |
| 18 | Caroline Stoll (USA) | 4.951 | 26 | 8 |
| 19 | Kathy May (USA) | 4.768 | 15 | 4 |
| 20 | Mima Jaušovec (YUG) | 4.270 | 19 | 1 |
|

## Colgate Series

### Points system

The tournaments of the Colgate Series were divided into four groups – AAAA, AAA, AA and A – based on prize money. Points were allocated based on these groups and the finishing position of a player in a tournament. The points allocation – with doubles points listed in brackets – was:

**Group AAAA**
| Prize money at least $150,000 * Champion: 160 (32) * Runner-up: 120 (24) * Semifinalist: 80 (16) * Quarterfinalist: 40 (8) * Round of 16: 20 (4) * Round of 32: 15 (3) * Round of 64: 10 |
| --- |

**Group AAA**
| Prize money at least $100,000 * Champion: 120 (24) * Runner-up: 90 (18) * Semifinalist: 60 (12) * Quarterfinalist: 30 (6) * Round of 16: 15 (3) * Round of 32: 10 (2)
 |
| --- |

**Group AA**
| Prize money at least $75,000 * Champion: 80 (16) * Runner-up: 60 (12) * Semifinalist: 40 (8) * Quarterfinalist: 20 (4) * Round of 16: 10 (2) * Round of 32: 5
 |
| --- |

**Group A**
| Prize money at least $35,000 * Champion: 40 (8) * Runner-up: 30 (6) * Semifinalist: 20 (4) * Quarterfinalist: 10 (2) * Round of 16: 5 |
| --- |

## Avon Championships Circuit

### Points standing

### Prize money

Combined prize money for singles and doubles events.

| No | Player Name | Prize money |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Martina Navratilova (USA) | $271,500 |
| 2 | Tracy Austin (USA) | $123,250 |
| 3 | Chris Evert (USA) | $115,875 |
| 4 | Wendy Turnbull (AUS) | $103,425 |
| 5 | Dianne Fromholtz (AUS) | $93,250 |
| 6 | Sue Barker (GBR) | $84,775 |
| 7 | Greer Stevens (RSA) | $73,050 |
| 8 | Virginia Wade (GBR) | $70,500 |
| 9 | Rosemary Casals (USA) | $55,425 |
| 10 | Betty Stöve (NED) | $45,100 |

## InfoBox

1979 WTA Tour
| Martina Navratilova finished the year as world No. 1 for the second time in her career. She won ten singles tournaments during the season, including a major at the Wimbledon Championships, as well as the Avon Championships. | |
| --- | --- |
| Details | |
| Duration | 20 November 1978 – 8 January 1980 |
| Edition | 7th |
| Tournaments | 57 |
| Categories | Grand Slam (4)
WTA Championships (3)
Avon Championships Circuit (11)
Colgate Series (32)
Non-tour events (5) |
| Achievements (singles) | |
| Most tournament titles | Martina Navratilova (10) |
| Most tournament finals | Martina Navratilova (17) |
| Prize money leader | Martina Navratilova ($618,698) |
| Points leader | Martina Navratilova (15.748) |
| Awards | |
| Player of the year | Martina Navratilova |
| Doubles team of the year | Billie Jean King
Martina Navratilova |
| Most improved
player of the year | Sylvia Hanika |
| Newcomer of the year | Kathy Jordan |
| 1978 1980 | |


title: Antispila corniella

abstract: Antispila corniella is a moth of the family Heliozelidae. It was described by Kuroko in 1961. It is found in Japan (Kyushu). The wingspan is 5–6 mm. Adult moths usually appear from the end of July to August. Annually, the successive generations replaces the previous generations. The larvae feed on Cornus controversa and Cornus brachypoda. They mine the leaves of their host plant. Larvae can be found from September to October. Full-grown larvae cut out a case from the end of the mine and descend to the ground. They hibernate within this case. Pupation occurs at the beginning of June of the following year.

text:
# Antispila corniella

***Antispila corniella*** is a moth of the family Heliozelidae. It was described by Kuroko in 1961. It is found in Japan (Kyushu).

The wingspan is 5–6 mm. Adult moths usually appear from the end of July to August. Annually, the successive generations replaces the previous generations.

The larvae feed on *Cornus controversa* and *Cornus brachypoda*. They mine the leaves of their host plant. Larvae can be found from September to October. Full-grown larvae cut out a case from the end of the mine and descend to the ground. They hibernate within this case. Pupation occurs at the beginning of June of the following year.

## InfoBox

| *Antispila corniella* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Heliozelidae |
| Genus: | *Antispila* |
| Species: | ***A. corniella*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Antispila corniella***<br>Kuroko, 1961 | |
|


title: Antispila freemani

abstract: Antispila freemani is a moth of the family Heliozelidae. It was described by J. Donald Lafontaine in 1973. It is found in North America, including Ontario and British Columbia. The larvae feed on Cornus canadensis.

text:
# Antispila freemani

***Antispila freemani*** is a moth of the family Heliozelidae. It was described by J. Donald Lafontaine in 1973. It is found in North America, including Ontario and British Columbia.

The larvae feed on *Cornus canadensis*.

## InfoBox

| *Antispila freemani* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Heliozelidae |
| Genus: | *Antispila* |
| Species: | ***A. freemani*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Antispila freemani***<br>Lafontaine, 1973 | |
|


title: 1979 Walker Cup

abstract: The 1979 Walker Cup, the 27th Walker Cup golf match, was played on 30 and 31 May 1979, at Muirfield, Gullane, East Lothian, Scotland. The event was won by the United States 15½ to 8½. The United States had an 8½ to 7½ lead after the second day foursomes. In the final round of 8 singles, Great Britain and Ireland had just one win, by Allan Brodie, while the United States won the other 7 matches for a convincing win.

text:
# 1979 Walker Cup

The **1979 Walker Cup**, the 27th Walker Cup golf match, was played on 30 and 31 May 1979, at Muirfield, Gullane, East Lothian, Scotland. The event was won by the United States 15½ to 8½.

The United States had an 8½ to 7½ lead after the second day foursomes. In the final round of 8 singles, Great Britain and Ireland had just one win, by Allan Brodie, while the United States won the other 7 matches for a convincing win.

## Format

The format for play on Wednesday and Thursday was the same. There were four matches of foursomes in the morning and eight singles matches in the afternoon. In all, 24 matches were played.

Each of the 24 matches was worth one point in the larger team competition. If a match was all square after the 18th hole extra holes were not played. Rather, each side earned ½ a point toward their team total. The team that accumulated at least 12½ points won the competition. If the two teams were tied, the previous winner would retain the trophy.

## Teams

Ten players for the United States and Great Britain & Ireland participated in the event plus one non-playing captain for each team.

### Great Britain & Ireland

&
**Captain:**  Rodney Foster

### United States

**Captain:** Dick Siderowf

## Wednesday's matches

### Morning foursomes

| & | Results |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| McEvoy/Marchbank | 1 up | **Hoch/Sigel** |
| **Godwin/Hutcheon** | 2 up | West/Sutton |
| Brand/Kelley | 1 up | **Fischesser/Holtgrieve** |
| **Brodie/Carslaw** | 2 & 1 | Griff/Gove |
| 2 | Foursomes | 2 |
| 2 | Overall | 2 |

### Afternoon singles

| & | Results |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Peter McEvoy | halved | Jay Sigel |
| John Davies | 8 & 7 | **Doug Clarke** |
| Ian Hutcheon | 6 & 4 | **Jim Holtgrieve** |
| Jimmy Buckley | 9 & 7 | **Scott Hoch** |
| **Brian Marchbank** | 1 up | Mike Peck |
| **Geoffrey Godwin** | 3 & 2 | Griff Moody |
| **Michael Kelley** | 3 & 2 | Doug Fischesser |
| Allan Brodie | 3 & 2 | **Mike Gove** |
|  | Singles |  |
|  | Overall |  |

## Thursday's matches

### Morning foursomes

| & | Results |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Godwin/Brand | 4 & 3 | **Hoch/Sigel** |
| Kelley/Hutcheon | halved | West/Sutton |
| **McEvoy/Marchbank** | 2 & 1 | Fischesser/Holtgrieve |
| Carslaw/Brodie | halved | Clarke/Peck |
| 2 | Foursomes | 2 |
|  | Overall |  |

### Afternoon singles

| & | Results |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Peter McEvoy | 3 & 1 | **Scott Hoch** |
| Gordon Brand Jnr | 2 & 1 | **Doug Clarke** |
| Geoffrey Godwin | 3 & 2 | **Mike Gove** |
| Ian Hutcheon | 2 & 1 | **Mike Peck** |
| **Allan Brodie** | 3 & 2 | Marty West |
| Michael Kelley | 3 & 2 | **Griff Moody** |
| Brian Marchbank | 3 & 1 | **Hal Sutton** |
| Iain Carslaw | 2 & 1 | **Jay Sigel** |
| 1 | Singles | 7 |
|  | Overall | 15½ |

## InfoBox

27th Walker Cup Match
| Dates | 30–31 May 1979 |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Muirfield |
| Location | Gullane, East Lothian, Scotland |
| Captains |  |
| <br>  15½ | |
| United States wins the Walker Cup | |
|


title: Elios Manzi

abstract: Elios Manzi is an Italian judoka. He competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in the men's 60 kg event, in which he was eliminated in the second round by Kim Won-jin.

text:
# Elios Manzi

**Elios Manzi** (born 28 March 1996) is an Italian judoka. He competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in the men's 60 kg event, in which he was eliminated in the second round by Kim Won-jin.

## InfoBox

Elios Manzi
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1996-03-28) 28 March 1996<br>Messina, Italy |
| Occupation | Judoka |
| Sport | |
| Country | Italy |
| Sport | Judo |
| Weight class | 60 kg |
| Achievements and titles | |
| Olympic Games | R32 (2016) |
| World Champ. | 5th (2022) |
| European Champ. | (2016, 2022, 2024) |
| Medal record      Men's judo   Representing   Italy   European Championships   2016 Kazan  60 kg  2022 Sofia  66 kg  2024 Zagreb  66 kg  IJF Grand Slam   2022 Abu Dhabi  66 kg  IJF Grand Prix   2016 Almaty  60 kg  2018 Cancún  66 kg  World Cadets Championships   2011 Kyiv  50 kg  2013 Miami  55 kg  European Cadet Championships   2011 Cottonera  50 kg  2013 Tallinn  55 kg | |
|  | |
| Profile at external databases | |
| IJF | 7921 |
| JudoInside.com | 74781 |
|  | |
| Updated on 25 April 2024 | |


title: 1981 Toyota Super Diesels season

abstract: The 1981 Toyota Superdiesels season was the seventh season of the franchise in the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA).

text:
# 1981 Toyota Super Diesels season

The **1981 Toyota Superdiesels season** was the seventh season of the franchise in the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA).

## Colors

For the Open Conference:
(dark)
(light)
For the Reinforced All-Filipino:
(dark)
(light)

## Summary

Former Royal Tru-Orange coach Ed Ocampo is the new head coach of Toyota now with a new moniker "Superdiesels". Import Andrew Fields is on his third year of duty, teaming up with Melton Wertz. The Superdiesels lost to Crispa, 97–112, in the opening day on March 8. After four games, Melton Wertz was replaced by Victor King. The Superdiesels were the last team to enter the four-team semifinal round. Toyota finished with an impressive five wins and one loss slate in the semifinals and will play arch rival Crispa Redmanizers in the Open Conference finals.

The championship series between Toyota and Crispa will be the 10th and what turned out to be the final time the two rivals meet in the finale. The Superdiesels won the series opener, but lost the next two games and trailed 1–2 against Crispa and on a verge of another disappointing finish. The Superdiesels won Game Four to forced a deciding match.

On July 25 with a huge turnout of fans on hand to witness the final game of the series to be officiated by two NBA referees, Jim Capers and Lee Jones, Toyota won over Crispa, 103-97, Andrew Fields' three-point play in the last one minute and twenty seconds of the game turned out to be the winning basket for the Superdiesels. Center Ramon Fernandez was the top local scorer for his team, averaging 23 points per game and posting his highest output in Game two with 29 big points and tallying 20 points in Game five.

Toyota had the smallest of imports due to the handicap ruling in the Reinforced Filipino Conference in 6–0 Archie Talley. The Superdiesels were tied with Crispa on top of the one-round elimination phase.

In the round of six, the Superdiesels lost their first two matches against the Redmanizers, 110–111, and U-Tex Wranglers, 121–125. They were booted out of contention by Yco-Tanduay after suffering their third loss in four games at the hands of the Esquires. It marks the first time in seven seasons and 20 conferences that Toyota failed to advance in the semifinal round.

## Occurrences

After back-to-back wins at the start of the semifinal round in the Open Conference, the Toyota Superdiesels went down to its first setback as they bowed to Crispa, 118–133 on July 7. The Superdiesels were seemingly affected by the shocking news a day earlier upon learning the death of their former coach Fort Acuña. The team showed up in their red uniforms with a piece of black cloth attached to their jerseys as a sign of mourning to the demise of their former coach.

## Award

Andrew Fields became the first recipient of the PBA Best Import Award when he powered Toyota to the Open Conference championship.

## Win–loss record vs opponents

| **Teams** | **Win** | **Loss** | **1st (Open)** | **2nd (RAF)** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| CDCP Road Builders | **2** | **1** | 1-1 | 1-0 |
| Crispa Redmanizers | **5** | **6** | 4–5 | 1-1 |
| Finance Funders | **3** | **0** | 2-0 | 1-0 |
| Gilbey’s Gin / St.George | **3** | **0** | 2-0 | 1-0 |
| Presto Fun Drinks | **3** | **1** | 1-1 | 2-0 |
| San Miguel Beermen | **3** | **2** | 3-1 | 0–1 |
| Tefilin Polyesters | **2** | **2** | 1-1 | 1-1 |
| U-Tex Wranglers | **5** | **1** | 4-0 | 1-1 |
| YCO-Tanduay | **3** | **1** | 2-0 | 1-1 |
| **Total** | **29** | **14** | **20-9** | **9-5** |

## Roster

| Toyota Superdiesels roster | |
| --- | --- |
| Players | Coaches |
| Pos. No. Nat. Name Ht. Wt.    6  King, Abe 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m)   San Beda  7  Jaworski, Robert 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m)   UE  8  Arnaiz, Francis 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m)   Ateneo  9  Merced, Eduardo 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m)   José Rizal  10  Fernandez, Ramon 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m)   San Carlos  11  Tuadles, Arnie 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)   Visayas  14  Salazar, Rino 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m)   Letran  G/F 18  Legaspi, Emerito 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m)   UE  20  Bulaong, Nicanor 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m)   Far Eastern  G/F 22  Florencio, Danny 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m)   UST  41  Herrera, Leopoldo 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m)   Wesleyan Philippines  1  Fields, Andrew (I) 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m)   Cheyney  F/C 33  Wertz, Melton (I) 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m)     F/C 34  King, Victor (I) 6 ft 8 in (2.03 m)   Louisiana Tech  13  Talley, Archie (I) 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m)   Salem International | Head coach Assistant coach(es)  ---  Legend * **(C)** Team captain * **(I)** Import * Injured |

## InfoBox

| 1981 Toyota Super Diesels season | |
| --- | --- |
| Head coach | Ed Ocampo |
| Owner(s) | Delta Motor Corporation |
| Open Conference results | |
| Record | 209 (69%) |
| Place | 1st |
| Playoff finish | Champion |
| Reinforced Filipino results | |
| Record | 95 (64.3%) |
| Place | 5th |
| Playoff finish | Round of six |
| Toyota Super Diesels seasons | |
|


title: Elizabeth Musoke

abstract: Elizabeth Musoke is an Ugandan justice of the Supreme Court of Uganda, since November 2022.

text:
# Elizabeth Musoke

**Elizabeth Musoke** is an Ugandan justice of the Supreme Court of Uganda, since November 2022.

## Background and education

She was born and educated in Uganda for he pre-university education. She earned a Bachelor of Laws (LLB) degree from Makerere University, the nation's oldest and largest public University. She also obtained a Diploma in Legal Practice, from the Law Development Centre, in Kampala, the country's capital city. She was admitted to the Uganda Bar as a practicing lawyer.

## Career

She worked with the ministry of justice for several years and left at the rank of Principal State Attorney to join the Inspectorate of Government as Director Legal Affairs in 1999. In July 2013, she was appointed to serve as a judge of the High Court of Uganda, assigned to the civil division, serving in that capacity until October 2015, when she was elevated to the Court of Appeal, which doubles as the Constitutional Court of Uganda. In November 2022, she was appointed by H.E Yoweri Kaguta Museveni as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Uganda.

## InfoBox

| HonorableElizabeth Musoke | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Justice of the Supreme Court Of Uganda | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
16 November 2022 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Uganda |
| Residence | Mutungo |
| Alma mater | Makerere University
Law Development Centre |
| Elizabeth Musoke is among the 5 judges who preceded over the age limit bill in 2017 with a Networth of $25 million | |
|  | |


title: Anton Johann Gross-Hoffinger

abstract: Anton Johann Gross-Hoffinger was an Austrian geographer, lexicographer, author and publisher. He wrote under the pseudonym Hans Normann, as well as several variations of his true name.

text:
# Anton Johann Gross-Hoffinger

**Anton Johann Gross-Hoffinger** (22 May 1808 – 26 August 1875) was an Austrian geographer, lexicographer, author and publisher. He wrote under the pseudonym *Hans Normann*, as well as several variations of his true name.

## Biography

Gross-Hoffinger was born on 22 May 1808 in Vienna, Austrian Empire. He was born to the merchant Anton Gross and his wife, Anna Maria (née Hoffinger). In 1816, they moved to České Budějovice. After graduating from secondary school there, he attended the Schottengymnasium; he then studied geography and history at the University of Vienna while devoting himself to journalism and writing. Following the wishes of his parents, he chose not to graduate and enlisted as a Cadet in the "Line Infantry Regiment Archduke Ludwig", which was based in Jihlava. He served until 1828, when he was released as unfit for duty.

That same year, he attempted to climb the Großglockner, but was unsuccessful. He then continued his studies in Munich, Leipzig and Gießen, obtaining his Doctorate of Philosophy in 1834. During that period, in 1832, he published his first work, together with the bookseller Carl Bruggemann, in Halberstadt: the *Neuestes Conversationslexikon für alle Stände*.

He returned to Vienna in 1837 and found some financial backers for his next project, a news, entertainment and arts journal called *Der Adler* (The Eagle), which appeared in 1838, under the aegis of the *Wiener Zeitung*. It was initially successful, but soon flagged, so he changed its name to *Vindobona* (the Roman name for Vienna). Sales did not improve, and he was forced to cease publication in 1844.

Shortly after, he left Vienna and returned to Germany. Little is known of him from this period, except for his writings, mostly historical in nature, which were voluminous. He apparently travelled, almost continuously. In 1857, he returned to Vienna, where he wrote novels and lived in poverty. His last published works date from the 1860s. At some point, he returned to Germany. He died on 26 August 1875 in Breslau, at the age of 67.

## Further reading

* *Cilli, die Tirolerin* (Novel, 1854), Online


title: 1979 in France

abstract: Events from the year 1979 in France.

text:
# 1979 in France

Events from the year **1979 in France**.

## Incumbents

## Events

## Arts and literature

## Sport

## Births

### January to March

### April to June

### July to September

### October to December

### Full date unknown

## Deaths

### January to March

### April to June

### July to September

### October to December

### Full date unknown

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Decades: |  |
| See also: | Other events in 1979
History of France **·** Timeline **·**
Years |


title: 1886–87 Newton Heath LYR F.C. season

abstract: The 1886–87 season was the first season in which Newton Heath LYR F.C. – now known as Manchester United F.C. – took part in a major football competition. The club had previously entered the Lancashire Cup and the Manchester and District Challenge Cup, but this season was the first in which they competed in the FA Cup. However, their cup run was short-lived as they drew with Fleetwood Rangers in the first round, but were disqualified when they refused to play extra time. The club also entered the Manchester and District Challenge Cup for the third season in a row, but lost 2–1 to West Manchester in the final, after having beaten Hooley Hill, Gorton Association and Gorton Villa 7–0, 11–1 and 8–0 respectively in the early rounds and Ten Acres 1–0 in the semi-final.

text:
# 1886–87 Newton Heath LYR F.C. season

The **1886–87 season** was the first season in which **Newton Heath LYR F.C.** – now known as Manchester United F.C. – took part in a major football competition. The club had previously entered the Lancashire Cup and the Manchester and District Challenge Cup, but this season was the first in which they competed in the FA Cup. However, their cup run was short-lived as they drew with Fleetwood Rangers in the first round, but were disqualified when they refused to play extra time.

The club also entered the Manchester and District Challenge Cup for the third season in a row, but lost 2–1 to West Manchester in the final, after having beaten Hooley Hill, Gorton Association and Gorton Villa 7–0, 11–1 and 8–0 respectively in the early rounds and Ten Acres 1–0 in the semi-final.

## FA Cup

The 1886–87 FA Cup was Newton Heath's first foray into a major competitive football tournament. They were drawn away to Fleetwood Rangers in the first round, and played out a close encounter that finished in a 2–2 draw; both of the Heathens' goals were scored by Jack Doughty. The referee had turned up to the match expecting to play a period of extra time if the match had finished in a draw, but Newton Heath's captain, Jack Powell, refused. Fleetwood complained about the incident to the FA, who then awarded Rangers the tie. Newton Heath then went into a self-imposed exile from the FA Cup, not entering again until 1889.

| Date | Round | Opponents | H / A | Result
F–A | Scorers | Attendance |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 30 October 1886 | Round 1 | Fleetwood Rangers | A | 2–2 | J. Doughty (2) | 2,000 |

## Manchester and District Challenge Cup

The Heathens' third consecutive entry into the Manchester and District Challenge Cup also saw them reach the final for a third time in a row. The opening three rounds saw Newton Heath sweep aside all challengers, beating Hooley Hill 7–0 in the first round – two goals coming from James Gotheridge – followed by an 11–1 win and an 8–0 win over Gorton Association and Gorton Villa respectively.

The semi-final was the first time the club played away from home in the competition, and also put them up against Ten Acres in a sterner test than in the previous rounds. The Heathens eventually scraped through with a 1–0 win, the winner scored by Roger Doughty. As in the seasons before, the final was played at Whalley Range in central Manchester. However, a second title in three years was not to be for Newton Heath, as they capitulated by a score of two goals to one against the unfancied West Manchester.

| Date | Round | Opponents | H / A | Result
F–A | Scorers | Attendance |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 12 February 1887 | Round 1 | Hooley Hill | H | 7–0 | E. Davies, Whatmough, Burke, Gotheridge (2), Unknown (2) |  |
| 19 February 1887 | Round 2 | Gorton Association | H | 11–1 | E. Davies (2), Whatmough, Burke, Wright, J. Davies (2), Gotheridge, J. Doughty, Bates, Own goal |  |
| 19 March 1887 | Round 3 | Gorton Villa | H | 8–0 | J. Doughty (3), Wright, Bates, Gotheridge, H. Davies | 6,000 |
| 2 April 1887 | Semi-final | Ten Acres | Hurst | 1–0 | R. Doughty | 7,000 |
| 23 April 1887 | Final | West Manchester | Whalley Range | 1–2 | Gotheridge | 4,000 |

## InfoBox

Newton Heath LYR F.C.
| 1886–87 season | |
| --- | --- |
| President | Frederick Attock |
| FA Cup | First Round |
| Manchester Cup | Runners-up |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: 1886–87 Heart of Midlothian F.C. season

abstract: Season 1886–87 was the eleventh season in which Heart of Midlothian competed at a Scottish national level, entering the Scottish Cup for the eleventh time.

text:
# 1886–87 Heart of Midlothian F.C. season

Season **1886–87** was the eleventh season in which Heart of Midlothian competed at a Scottish national level, entering the Scottish Cup for the eleventh time.

## Overview

Hearts reached the third round of the Scottish Cup and were knocked out by Edinburgh rivals Hibs. They also competed in the FA Cup being knocked out by Darwen in the first round.

Later that season they reached the final of the East of Scotland Shield losing for the second time in the season to Hibs.

## Results

### Scottish Cup

| 11 September 1886 Scottish Cup R1 | **Edina** | **1–7** | **Hearts** | Edinburgh |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

| 2 October 1886 Scottish Cup R2 | **Broxburn Thistle** | **1–2** | **Hearts** | Albyn Park |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

| 23 October 1886 Scottish Cup R3 | **Hibs** | **5–1** | **Hearts** | Hibernian Park |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

### FA Cup

| 30 October 1886 FA Cup R1 | **Darwen** | **7–1** | **Hearts** | Barley Bank |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

### East of Scotland Shield

| 25 September 1886 East of Scotland Shield R1 | **Hearts** | **6–0** | **Glencairn** | Tynecastle Park |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

| 6 November 1886 East of Scotland Shield R2 | **Hearts** | **2–1** | **Royal Oak** | Tynecastle Park |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

| 20 November 1886 East of Scotland Shield R3 | **Dunfermline** | **2–5** | **Hearts** | East End Park |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

| 25 December 1886 East of Scotland Shield R4 | **Hearts** | **0–0** | **Leith Thistle** | Tynecastle Park |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

| 8 January 1887 East of Scotland Shield R4 Replay | **Leith Thistle** | **0–7** | **Hearts** | Glencairn FC Ground |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

| 22 January 1887 East of Scotland Shield SF | **Broxburn Shamrock** | **1–3** | **Hearts** | Easter Road, Broxburn |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

| 12 March 1887 East of Scotland Shield Final | **Hibs** | **3–0** | **Hearts** | Powderhall |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

### Rosebery Charity Cup

| 9 April 1887 Rosebery Charity Cup SF | **Edinburgh University** | **0–1** | **Hearts** | Powderhall |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

| 16 May 1887 Rosebery Charity Cup Final | **Hibs** | **7–1** | **Hearts** | Hibernian Park |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

## InfoBox

Heart of Midlothian
| 1886–87 season | |
| --- | --- |
| Scottish Cup | Round 3 |
|  | |


title: 1886–87 Irish Cup

abstract: The 1886–87 Irish Cup was the 7th edition of the Irish Cup, the premier knock-out cup competition in Irish football. Ulster won the tournament for the 1st time, defeating Cliftonville 3–1 in the final. The holders Distillery were eliminated in the fourth round by Glentoran.

text:
# 1886–87 Irish Cup

The **1886–87 Irish Cup** was the 7th edition of the Irish Cup, the premier knock-out cup competition in Irish football.

Ulster won the tournament for the 1st time, defeating Cliftonville 3–1 in the final. The holders Distillery were eliminated in the fourth round by Glentoran.

## Results

### First round

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Victoria (R.I.C.) | 0-5 | **Limavady** |
| **Kilrea** | 3–0 | Magherafelt |
| **Whiteabbey** | 3–2 | Ballyclare |
| **Mossley** | 3–1 | Templepatrick |
| **Hilden** | 2–0 | Hertford |
| **Millmount** | 3–1 | Banbridge |
| Milford | 1–1 | Loughgall |
| **Glentoran** | 4–0 | Beechmount |
| North Down | 3–3 | Mountcollyer |
| **Distillery** | 8–0 | Genoa |
| **Linfield Athletic** | 10–2 | Mercantile |
| **St Malachy's College** | 4–3 | Belfast Athletics |
| Down Athletics | 0–6 | **Wellington Park** |
| **Cliftonville** | w/o | Montalto |
| Dublin University | 2–2 | Oldpark |
| Clarence | 2–2 | YMCA |
| **Ulster** | 6–0 | Clifton Park |
| **Dublin Association** | w/o | Albert |
| **Rosemount** | bye |  |
| **Moyola Park** | bye |  |

#### Replays

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Loughgall | 0–1 | **Milford** |
| **Oldpark** | 6–4 | Dublin University |
| **YMCA** | 2–1 | Clarence |
| **Mountcollyer** | 5–0 | North Down |

### Second round

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **St Malachy's College** | 2–1 | Wellington Park |
| **Distillery** | 3–0 | Linfield Athletic |
| **Cliftonville** | 2–02 | Oldpark |
| **YMCA** | w/o | Dublin Association |
| **Glentoran** | 6–1 | Mountcollyer |
| **Ulster** | 9–0 | Hilden |
| Millmount | 1-23 | **Milford** |
| **Kilrea** | w/o1 | Moyola Park |
| Rosemount | 0–8 | **Limavady** |
| Whiteabbey | 4–4 | Mossley |

1 Although Moyola Park scratched to Kilrea, a protest from Magherafelt from the previous round led to the Irish Football Association to order Kilrea to re-play their first round match with Magherafelt. Kilrea refused but were subsequently reinstated.

2 Oldpark protested that the referee had called time early and a replay was ordered.

3 Millmount protested and the match was ordered to be replayed

#### Replay

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Mossley | 1-1 | Whiteabbey |
| **Cliftonville** | w/o | Oldpark |
| Milford | 3-6 | **Millmount** |

#### Second replay

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Whiteabbey** | 6–5 | Mossley |

### Third round

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Whiteabbey | 2–5 | **St Malachy's College** |
| **Cliftonville** | bye |  |
| **Glentoran** | bye |  |
| **Distillery** | bye |  |
| **Millmount** | bye |  |
| Kilrea | 2-9 | **Limavady** |
| **Ulster** | bye |  |
| **YMCA** | bye |  |

### Fourth round

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Cliftonville** | 10–1 | St Malachy's College |
| **Glentoran** | 2–1 | Distillery |
| Millmount | 0–5 | **Limavady** |
| YMCA | 2-2 | **Ulster** |

#### Replay

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Ulster | 3–24 | YMCA |

4 YMCA protested and the match was ordered to be replayed

#### Second Replay

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Ulster | 6–0 | YMCA |

### Semi-finals

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Cliftonville** | 2–0 | Limavady |
| **Ulster** | 2–1 | Glentoran |

### Final

| Ulster | 3–1 | Cliftonville |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Mears
Jack Reid
Watson | Report | Turner |

Broadway Ground, BelfastAttendance: 4,000

## InfoBox

1886–87 Irish Cup
| Tournament details | |
| --- | --- |
| Country | Ireland |
| Teams | 38 |
| Defending champions | Distillery |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | Ulster (1st win) |
| Runner-up | Cliftonville |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 39 |
| Goals scored | 203 (5.21 per match) |
|  | |


title: Anything Box

abstract: Anything Box is an electronic/synth-pop musical group originally from Paterson, New Jersey, and now based in Long Beach, California. Formed in 1986, they are best known for their 1989 single "Living in Oblivion". They also garnered some attention for releasing an album entirely in MP3 format in 2003. With a current lineup consisting solely of Claude Strilio, the past lineups have included long-time members Dania Morales and Paul Rijnders, as well as Carlos Pacheco, Mike Zacek, Gary Strilio, Dave South and Barry Bunch. The band is noted for its melodic, synth-driven dance beats from its early years as well as its fusion of electronics and guitars which is its current musical focus. The band also receives praise for its album artwork which ranges from oil paintings to electronic paintings which are all works of Claude Strilio. Anything Box has released several albums, EPs, and singles, and continues to perform around the world. The band's name comes from the title of a book of short stories by Zenna Henderson, The Anything Box. In the title story, a young girl imagines the world as she would have it, apparently by staring at an empty space between her hands. Her school teacher discovers that the box is invisible, but real. Anything Box's most recent release is Peace which is a remastered version of their first album, and features remixes of their hits "Living in Oblivion" and "Jubilation".

text:
# Anything Box

**Anything Box** is an electronic/synth-pop musical group originally from Paterson, New Jersey, and now based in Long Beach, California. Formed in 1986, they are best known for their 1989 single "Living in Oblivion". They also garnered some attention for releasing an album entirely in MP3 format in 2003. With a current lineup consisting solely of Claude Strilio, the past lineups have included long-time members Dania Morales and Paul Rijnders, as well as Carlos Pacheco, Mike Zacek, Gary Strilio, Dave South and Barry Bunch.

The band is noted for its melodic, synth-driven dance beats from its early years as well as its fusion of electronics and guitars which is its current musical focus. The band also receives praise for its album artwork which ranges from oil paintings to electronic paintings which are all works of Claude Strilio. Anything Box has released several albums, EPs, and singles, and continues to perform around the world.

The band's name comes from the title of a book of short stories by Zenna Henderson, *The Anything Box*. In the title story, a young girl imagines the world as she would have it, apparently by staring at an empty space between her hands. Her school teacher discovers that the box is invisible, but real.

Anything Box's most recent release is *Peace* (Endpop.com, January 2018) which is a remastered version of their first album, and features remixes of their hits "Living in Oblivion" and "Jubilation".

## History

### Formation 1986 to 1990

Anything Box was started by Claude S. (original name Claude Strilio born in Rosario, Argentina) in Paterson, New Jersey playing local clubs, such as The Pipeline in N. Newark and The Loop Lounge in Passaic. This is where Claude met Dania Morales who joined as a group shortly after. Playing numerous shows and producing demo-tapes, they drew the attention of Epic Records. The band moved to Orange County, California where Paul Rijnders joined the group.

### *Peace* (1990)

Then they began recording their first album, *Peace* which was released on Epic in 1990. The band toured in support of the album. *Peace MMXVIII* was re-released January 18, 2018 as a newly remastered version from endpop.com

### *Worth* (1992)

Following the success and praise for *Peace* in the electronic music scene, Claude and Dania headed to Germany to begin recording their second album, *Worth* with producer Gareth Jones. Paul Rijnders had left the band to pursue personal goals. The album was completed in 1992, but a dispute with Epic and eventual break-up with the label prevented the album's release to the public. It was later distributed by the band to members of its fan-club as the band continued to perform shows despite the non-release of the album. The album shows the softer side of Anything Box, as many of the album's songs are slower, softer, and emotional. In 2000, the album was remastered and re-issued as *Worth V2* with 2 unreleased tracks.

### *Hope* (1993)

With Claude's brother Gary joining the band, Anything Box recorded and self-released their third album, *Hope* on their own label, Orangewerks. The album brought back the dance floor grooves with such songs as "Answer Me", "Where Is Love and Happiness", and "Life Is Fun". The band toured in support of the album. In 1996, the album was re-issued as *Hope V3* by Jarrett Records with extra remixes and new artwork.

### *Dance CD-5* (1994)

The band released the EP *Dance CD-5* which features remixes of tracks from the *Hope* album as well as some unreleased songs.

### The Diary: *Page One* (1995)

Claude released a solo album under the name The Diary on the Orangewerks label. The album, *Page One* was heavily influenced by the music of Joy Division and New Order. It is generally considered the darkest of Claude's albums.

### *Mixology.1/Living in Oblivion* (1996)

With a high-demand for Anything Box tracks and the difficulty in obtaining singles mixes from *Peace*, the band released a collection of remixes and unreleased songs called *Mixology.1* on Orangewerks. They also released a new version and new mixes of "Living in Oblivion". The EP, *Living in Oblivion MCMXCVI A.D.* was released on Jarrett Records which had merged with Orangewerks. Anything Box performed at the Synthstock Music Festival in Salt Lake City, Utah where Paul Rijnders reunited with the band for the song "Lady in Waiting" from *Peace*.

### *Elektrodelica* (1997)

Dania Morales departed Anything Box and Paul Rijnders returned to the band. The band released the album *Elektrodelica* on Jarrett Records, including a deluxe version featuring a bonus interview disc. The album marked a musical change for Anything Box as Claude experimented in what he coins as an "elektrodelic" sound. The album fused the band's traditional synthesizers with Rijnders' guitar playing. The album is considered the band's most ambitious and daring effort and songs and sounds are considerably more diverse and the album's focus much broader. The album contains soft melodic tunes such as "Conscious" which is influenced by Claude's affection of The Beatles as well as loud, edgy songs such as "45" which is a 45-second, punk rock influenced song. "Conscious" was released as a single and "45" as a video.

### *Elektrospective* (1999)

With anticipation for a second Mixology album, Jarrett Records instead released *Elektrospective* which contains alternate versions of songs from both the *Peace* and *Worth* albums. Tension between the band and the label grew as *Elektrodelica* only received wide-distribution, two years following its initial release and *Elektrospective* artwork was mis-printed. The band left Jarrett Records which later closed.

### *Recovered* 1993-1995 (2000)

Claude discovered a collection of older Anything Box recordings from 1993-1995 on a nearly-destroyed DAT. He recovered these recordings and remastered them. They were released on an album called *Recovered 1993-1995*. *Recovered* was released on the band's new, self-owned label, Presswerk.13.

### *The Universe Is Expanding* (2001)

Following in the footsteps of *Elektrodelica*, Anything Box continued its musical experimentation. The band released *100% Air-Friendly Groove Pak*, an EP featuring the single "Clean" and a beat-box, hip-hop influenced B-side called "Radio Static". The band followed with the album *The Universe Is Expanding* on Presswerk.13. The album continued the band's fusion of synthesizers, guitar, and bass guitar. Dania Morales returned to provide backing vocals on several tracks, but did not perform live with the band. Dave South joined the band on keyboards and bass guitar.

### *The Effects of Stereo TV* (2003)

Anything Box released *The Effects of Stereo TV* on Presswerk.13 as a long-awaited companion/follow-up album to *The Universe Is Expanding*; a short, in-your-face experience. The album continued the band's synthesizer and guitar sound, but while some songs are soft melodies, others are abrasive guitar-driven rock songs.

### The Diary: *Separate* (2005)

While debating the direction for the next Anything Box album, Claude experimented with playing several instruments on his own including guitar, bass, and drums. The result was his most personal work to date. Returning as The Diary, he released *Separate*, a lo-fi mixture of synthesizers and live instruments all performed by Claude. Many of the song's lyrics are based on Claude's life experiences including his near-death by drowning when he was young. The result was an album truly from the heart as Claude expressed himself in a manner he had never done so before.

### *The Future Past EP* (2007)

With Dania Morales returning to the lineup and Dave South and Gary S departing, Anything Box came full-circle and returned to the same lineup as its original *Peace* album from 1990. Having played several "reunion" shows throughout the Americas, the demand for new material grew. Anything Box renamed its label Endpop and released *The Future Past EP* in June. The EP features a remake and remixes of the band's popular 1990 song, "Carmen". It also includes a version of the song in Spanish. This is the first Anything Box song release sung in Spanish. The EP also features remixes of other popular Anything Box songs as well as some new material.

### *Fan Tapes and Time Travel* (2007, short films)

Also in 2007, the band began releasing a series of short films put together by Claude S called *Fan Tapes and Time Travel* on the Internet. These films were constructed from old video footage of the band throughout its history which have been provided by its fans. It continued as a work in progress.

### *Nineteen* 1987-1988 (2008)

With a large collection of old Anything Box recordings in his possession, Claude, after much deliberation, decided to share some of this raw, early material from his past. Taking a cassette tape of these old recordings, Claude remastered and repaired them. The end result was *Nineteen*, a short digitally released album. The songs date back to 1987-1988, with the exception of the final track which is roughly from 1990. The sound is darker, sadder, and quite a contrast to *Peace*, which would be the band's first official release in 1990. Being a digital release, the website with a backstory and artwork was created in conjunction with the album. *The Book of Nineteen* features a collection of Claude's own artwork, as well as a streaming version of the album.

### *Volume One* 1988-1989 (2013)

*Volume One* is a collection of Anything Box songs Claude remastered, including some remixes of "Living in Oblivion" and a new remix of "Kiss of Love" (the Pumped Mix). It also includes songs from the albums *Worth*, *Hope*, *Elektrodelica*, *The Universe Is Expanding*, *The Recovered*, *The Effect of Stereo TV*, and four unreleased songs from early Anything Box demos dated from 1988-1989. *Volume One* was published on the Argentinian record label, Twilight Records.

### *Distances* 2015-2018 (2015)

Mired in controversy, the 2 CD set entitled simply *Claude Distances* was originally set to become the next Anything Box album, but due to internal pressures within the group, it was released as a solo album. Released on the endpop.com label, the album features the songs "Fast Forward", "Dead Stars", "Hello" and a strange subset of ambient electronic tracks.

## Band member projects

Claude S has released three albums as his solo project, The Diary, as well as a solo album titled *Distances* under his own name, Claude.

Paul Rijnders has several music projects including Goodbye July (synthpop) and The Lamented (garage rock). He is also known as a mashup remixer under the pseudonym Kult Litre, best known for the underground drum & bass remix of The Doors' "L.A. Woman".

Dania Morales had a brief solo stint with Cellophane Flowers.

Dave South currently plays bass guitar for The Valley Arena.

Gary S is also known as The Notorious B.O.X., for his beat-boxing skills.

Claude S and a friend, Steve B, posted a semi-monthly Internet radio program called "The Listen Show" where they were often joined by other friends, including Paul Rijnders. The show was basically the participants playing and discussing a wide assortment of songs. It also served as a means of updating fans to the latest Anything Box news.

## Discography

### Albums

* *Peace* (1990)
* *Worth* (1992) (known as "Black Cassette" version, produced by Gareth Jones. Remastered and reissued in 2000 titled *Worth V2* with 2 unreleased tracks)
* *Hope* (1993) (first official release on the label Orangewerks Produkt Ltd, limited to 5,000 units. Re-released in 1993 in new packaging and in 1996 by Jarrett Records titled *Hope V3* with extra remixes and new artwork)
* *Elektrodelica* (1997) (full-length album released on Jarrett Records. There is also a limited edition 2-CD set of this album floating around which contained outtakes and acoustic versions)
* *The Universe Is Expanding* (2001)
* *The Effects of Stereo TV* (2003)
* *Nineteen* (2008)
* *Unknown Destinations (Demo Tape)* (2018) (an Anything Box album that was recorded a few years before Anything Box's rise to fame with their first album, *Peace*. It was recorded by Claude S. straight to tape. Consider this a mixed tape of gems never previously heard. Released on December 1 on Anything Box's Bandcamp page)

### Compilation albums

* *Dance CD5* (1994) (CD contained all the Twitch remixes, plus remixes of "Every Single Day")
* *Mixology 1* (1994) (effectively a 'best of' collection of tracks released only on 12" vinyl of "Living in Oblivion", "Jubilation", "Beat of Life" and unreleased B-sides on one disc)
* *Elektrospective* (1999) (CD compilation of early demo versions and unreleased remixes of previously released material)
* *Recovered 1993-1995* (2000) (CD released material written between *Hope* and *Page One*. It was initially known as *Deconstructivism*, but after the masters were damaged, preventing the release. After remastering and mixing the surviving songs, the name was changed to *Recovered*. This is the first release on Presswerk13)
* *Sharewear 1 Orange* (2001) (no longer available) (a T-shirt/CDR with a selection of rarities and classics)
* *Sharewear 2 Blue* (2001) (no longer available) (shirt/CD combo)
* *Binaural Repeats: 1993–2002* (2002) (the front 'cover' of this download-only collection states "An elektrodelic body of enhanced works. Produced by Anything Box. Recorded at various studios. This is freeware so share it." Distributed at the time from the band's own webpage, and mentioned on slashdot.org in 2003. The album does not appear to be available on their site any longer)
* *Nineteen* (2008) (Claude remastered an old tape of early Anything Box recordings. The songs pre-date the band's first album, *Peace*)
* *Volume One* (2013) ('Best of' Anything Box collection including remixes of "Living in Oblivion" and "Kiss of Love" and songs from *Peace*, *Hope*, *Worth*, *Elektrodelica*, *The Universe Is Expanding*, *The Effect of Stereo TV* and some early demo songs from 1988-1989; "Heaven", "Destination", "Ascension" and "Pray")

### Extended plays

* *Ascension EP* (1989) (no longer available) (cassette-only release sold at early shows, including songs "Living in Oblivion", "World Without Love", "Kiss of Love", "Ascension" and "Heaven". "Kiss of Love" and "Living in Oblivion" entered the college chart in NJ and lead to a management deal in California, prompting the band's move to the West Coast)
* *Descension EP* (1989) (unreleased cassette-only demo. "The Pain I Inherited" is one of the few surviving songs)
* *100% Air-Friendly Groove Pak* (2001) (EP to promote the release of *The Universe Is Expanding*)
* *Future Past EP* (2008)

Most of the physical copies of these releases are out of print but can be found digitally on iTunes, CD Baby, or Amazon Music.

### Singles

* 1988: "Beat of Life"/"I Know What You Want" (12" single, demo single pressed on lacquer for loan to DJs)
* 1988: "Living in Oblivion"/"Time to Go" (12" single, demo single pressed on lacquer for loan to DJs. Also contained a slow mix of "Living in Oblivion" on B-side)
* 1990: "Living in Oblivion" (Epic Records) - U.S. #65, U.S. Dance #10
* 1990: "Jubilation" - U.S. Dance #16 (2 variations of this CD single were released; one for radio, and one for retail. The retail version had "Do You Hear Me Anymore" as a B-side. A 12" single was pressed in the US, and a 7" single in Mexico by Sony Music)
* 1991: "Soul on Fire"/"Our Dreams" (released as a 12" single with a CD single released only to radio)
* 1994: "Where Is Love & Happiness" - U.S. Dance #26 (12" single with remixes by Twitch and Anything Box, limited to 1,000 units)
* 1996: "Living in Oblivion" (newly recorded and remixed version of the 1989 release with mixes by Digital 3, Paul Robb, Rythmus, Seven Red Seven, and the band. Released as part of a deal with Jarrett Records)
* 1997: "Conscious"
* 1997: "45" (video was released first, with plans for a CD single with remixes by The Claw. Jarrett Records ceased operations)

### Claude S. solo albums

* 1994: *Page One* (as The Diary)
* 2005: *Separate* (as The Diary)
* 2014: *Seven Sleepless Nights* (as The Diary) (Claude's third, and most current album under the Diary name. It was an acoustic album released digitally only on iTunes, CD Baby and Bandcamp)
* 2015: *Distances* (double album self-released by Claude under his own name and funded by fans on PledgeMusic)

## InfoBox

| Anything Box | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Buenos Aires, Argentina
Paterson, New Jersey
Orange County, California |
| Genres | Synth-pop (1986–1997)
Alternative dance, indie pop, garage rock (1997–present) |
| Years active | 1986–present |
| Labels | Endpop.com
Presswerk.13
Jarrett Records
Orangewerks
Epic
Other Voices |
|  | |
| Members | Claude Strilio |
|  | |
| Past members | Dania Morales
Paul Rijnders
Gary Strilio
Dave South
Mike Zacek
Barry Bunch |
|  | |
| Website | Anything Box official website |


title: Anything But Joey

abstract: Anything But Joey was a pop-rock band from the Kansas City area. For the majority of its existence, the band was made up of high school friends Matt Groebe, Drew Scofield, Jeff Polaschek (drums), and Bryan Chesen (guitar).

text:
# Anything But Joey

**Anything But Joey** was a pop-rock band from the Kansas City area. For the majority of its existence, the band was made up of high school friends Matt Groebe (lead vocals), Drew Scofield (bass/backing vocals), Jeff Polaschek (drums), and Bryan Chesen (guitar).

## Band history

### Thulium

The band formed in the summer of 1995, under the name M.I.P. After playing their first show, they decided to change their name to Thulium, after the 69th element on the Periodic Table of Elements. In December 1996, Thulium recorded and released a four-song demo called *The Blue Tape*. However, due to college commitments, the band saw little activity. During this slow period, they added second guitarist Steve Nick and made two more recordings. A self-titled album in 1997 (sometimes called the "white album") and an EP called *Mars Needs Pimps Too* the next year.

After college, things for the band began to pick up speed and they again returned to the studio. With producer J. Hall, Thulium recorded their second album, *The Secret Club*, in two weeks. The title refers to other bands in the Kansas City music scene that were more popular, such as The Get Up Kids, The Anniversary, and The Creature Comforts. Thulium felt these bands looked down on them because of the different style of music they played. Which was true because Thulium was terrible. With a new record, they began playing more local shows and touring regionally. In April 2001, Steve parted ways with the band, citing creative differences. Thulium would continue touring heavily, taking short breaks to record a few songs here and there.

### Name change

In 2002, the band decided to change its name from Thulium to Anything But Joey (ABJ). With the name change came more success. Their song "Girl Roommate" became the most requested song on KRBZ 96.5 FM. With a local radio hit, Anything But Joey released a new album, *Come Out Fighting*, in December 2002. *Come Out Fighting* also produced other fan favorites such as "One" and "Girls Like You," although "Girl Roommate" was the only radio hit. In June, 2003, the group was the subject of a cover story for the Kansas City alternative weekly, The Pitch. The article described the growing "Joeymania" in the wake of "Girl Roommate." The next few years saw the band touring heavily, opening for Jimmy Eat World in Kansas City and playing a few dates on the 2003 Vans Warped Tour. They released another 4 song EP, *Necessary, But Not Cool*, in late 2004.

### Break up

In late 2004, Jeff left the band and was replaced by former Walls of Jericho drummer Wes Keely. However, this line-up didn't last long. In January 2005, Anything But Joey announced that they were breaking up. After almost 10 years together, the members wanted to explore new things. Matt, Bryan, and Wes formed a harder styled emo/goth band called The Famed. Drew reunited with former guitarist Steve Nick to form another pop-rock band called Stuck On Broadway. Jeff later joined Stuck On Broadway after their original drummer quit.

Anything But Joey has reunited a few times since their breakup to open for their friends, such as St. Louis band Ludo.

"Sight Reading" from the "Come Out Fighting" album was used in the trailer for the 2007 film "Meet Bill."

## Band members

* Drew Scofield - Bass, Backing Vocals (1995–2005)
* Matt Groebe - Lead Vocals, Synth (1995–2005)
* Bryan Chesen - Lead Guitar, Backing Vocals (1995–2005)
* Jeff Polaschek - Drums (1995–2004, returned for farewell tour)
* Wes Keely \- Drums (2004)
* Steve Nick (in Thulium) - Rhythm guitar (1996–2001)

## Discography

### Albums

***As Thulium***

* *Thulium*
* *The Secret Club*

***As Anything But Joey***

* *Come Out Fighting*

### Demos and EPs

***As Thulium***

* *The Blue Tape*
* *Mars Needs Pimps Too*

***As Anything But Joey***

* *Necessary, But Not Cool*

### Videos

* "Girl Roommate"

## InfoBox

| Anything But Joey | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Kansas City, Missouri,
United States |
| Genres | Pop-Rock |
| Years active | 1995–2005 |
|  | |
| Past members | Matt Groebe (vocals)
Drew Scofield (bass)
Bryan Chesen (guitar)
Jeff Polaschek (drums)
Wes Keely (drums)
Steve Nick (Guitar in Thulium) |


title: Antonella Del Core

abstract: Antonella Del Core is an Italian professional volleyball player. She plays for Italy women's national volleyball team. She has competed in the 2004 and 2012 Summer Olympics. She is 1.80 m tall. She won the Best Server award of the 2013–14 CEV Champions League and won the title with the Russian club Dinamo Kazan.

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# Antonella Del Core

**Antonella Del Core** (born 5 November 1980 in Naples, Italy) is an Italian professional volleyball player. She plays for Italy women's national volleyball team. She has competed in the 2004 and 2012 Summer Olympics. She is 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) tall. She won the Best Server award of the 2013–14 CEV Champions League and won the title with the Russian club Dinamo Kazan.

## Career

Del Core won with the Russian club Dinamo Kazan the 2013–14 CEV Champions League held in Baku, Azerbaijan, defeating 3-0 the home owners Rabita Baku in the semifinals and 3–0 to the Turkish VakıfBank İstanbul in the final. She was awarded tournament Best Server.

Del Core won the 2014 FIVB Club World Championship gold medal playing with the Russian club Dinamo Kazan that defeated 3-0 the Brazilian Molico Osasco in the championship match.

She played with her national team at the 2014 World Championship. There her team ended up in fourth place after losing 2–3 to Brazil the bronze medal match.

## Clubs

## Awards

### Individuals

### Clubs

## InfoBox

| Antonella Del Core | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Personal information | |
| Nationality | Italian |
| Born | 5 November 1980 (1980-11-05) (age 43)<br>Naples, Italy |
| Height | 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) |
| Weight | 73 kg (161 lb) |
| Spike | 320 cm (126 in) |
| Block | 305 cm (120 in) |
| Volleyball information | |
| Position | Wing Spiker |
| Current club | Dinamo Kazan |
| Number | 15 |
| Honours      Women's volleyball  Representing  Italy  World Grand Champions Cup  2009 Tokyo/Fukuoka  Team  FIVB World Cup  2007 Japan  Team  2011 Japan  Team  FIVB World Grand Prix  2004 Reggio Calabria  Team  2005 Sendai  Team  2006 Reggio Calabria  Team  2010 Ningbo  Team  European Championship  2007 Belgium  Team  2009 Poland  Team  2005 Croatia  Team | |


title: 1895 Oregon Webfoots football team

abstract: The 1895 Oregon Webfoots football team was an American football team that represented the University of Oregon in the 1895 college football season. It was the Webfoots' second season. They were led by head coach Percy Benson, previously a star player for the University of California team. The Webfoots were part of a five-team conference called the Oregon Intercollegiate Football Association, which met in Salem on October 5, 1895, to elect officers, establish official rules, and set a schedule for the year. Other members of the conference included Oregon Agricultural College in Corvallis, Portland University, Pacific University in Forest Grove, and Willamette University in Salem. The first two games of the 1895 season – against OAC and Willamette – were regarded as exhibition practice games, the final two contests being official conference games that were part of the "league series." They finished the season with a record of four wins and zero losses (4–0), winning the OIFA's pennant.

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# 1895 Oregon Webfoots football team

The **1895 Oregon Webfoots football team** was an American football team that represented the University of Oregon in the 1895 college football season. It was the Webfoots' second season. They were led by head coach Percy Benson, previously a star player for the University of California team.

The Webfoots were part of a five-team conference called the Oregon Intercollegiate Football Association, which met in Salem on October 5, 1895, to elect officers, establish official rules, and set a schedule for the year. Other members of the conference included Oregon Agricultural College in Corvallis, Portland University (a short-lived private school which closed in 1900), Pacific University in Forest Grove, and Willamette University in Salem.

The first two games of the 1895 season – against OAC and Willamette – were regarded as exhibition practice games, the final two contests being official conference games that were part of the "league series."

They finished the season with a record of four wins and zero losses (4–0), winning the OIFA's pennant.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance | Source |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| October 26 | Oregon Agricultural |  | W 46–0 |  |  |
| November 2 | at Willamette |  | W 8–4 |  |  |
| November 16 | at Portland University | Portland, OR | W 6–4 |  |  |
| November 28 | Willamette University | * Kincaid Field * Eugene, OR | W 6–0 | 1,000 |  |

## Roster

**Starters**

• Left end: Coleman • Left tackle: F. Templeton • Left guard: Edmunson • Center: Gilleland • Right guard: E. P. Shattuck • Right tackle: Herbold • Right end: Travis • Quarterback: R. Bryson • Left halfback: Bishop • Right halfback: Keene • Fullback: H. Templeton

**Reserves:** Farrington, A. Kuykendall, Merriman, Miller, Prather, Stransley; Higgins, Storossli

## InfoBox

| 1895 Oregon Webfoots football | |
| --- | --- |
| 1895 U of O football team, Coach Percy Benson in lower left | |
| OIFA champion | |
| Conference | Oregon Intercollegiate Football Association |
| Record | 4–0 (4–0 OIFA) |
| Head coach |  |
| Captain | H. S. Templeton |
| Home stadium | Kincaid Field |
|


title: 1711 in Scotland

abstract: Events from the year 1711 in Scotland.

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# 1711 in Scotland

Events from the year **1711 in Scotland**.

## Incumbents

### Law officers

### Judiciary

## Events

## Births

**Date unknown**

## Deaths

**Date unknown**

## The arts

* Publication of *Choice Collection of Comic and Serious Scots Poems* edited by James Watson concludes in Edinburgh.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Centuries: |  |
| Decades: |  |
| See also: | List of years in Scotland
Timeline of Scottish history
1711 in: Great Britain  Wales  Elsewhere |


title: Anne Viriato

abstract: Anne Viriato is the first trans woman to compete in Brazilian MMA. Viriato's wins came over male opponents in the flyweight division, competing in Mr Cage events. In 2018, she was awarded wins in Pitbull Fight Combat and Mr Cage Championship fights against men. In June 2019, she was invited to give evidence in a public hearing to the Sports Committee in the Brazil Chamber of Deputies on the issue of transgender athletes.

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# Anne Viriato

**Anne Viriato** (born 19 April 1997) is the first trans woman to compete in Brazilian MMA (Mixed Martial Arts).

Viriato's wins came over male opponents in the flyweight division, competing in Mr Cage events. In 2018, she was awarded wins in Pitbull Fight Combat and Mr Cage Championship fights against men.

In June 2019, she was invited to give evidence in a public hearing to the Sports Committee in the Brazil Chamber of Deputies on the issue of transgender athletes.

## Mixed martial arts record

Professional record breakdown
| **2 matches** | **2 wins** | **0 losses** |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **By decision** | 2 | 0 |

| Res. | Record | Opponent | Method | Event | Date | Round | Time | Location | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Win | 2-0 | Alcivan Perreira dos Santos | Decision (unanimous) | PFC - Pitbull Fight Combat | 14 July 2018 | 3 | 5:00 | Terra Santa, Para, Brazil |  |
| Win | 1-0 | Railson Paixao | Decision (unanimous) | Mr. Cage 34 | 10 March 2018 | 3 | 5:00 | Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil |  |

## InfoBox

| Anne Viriato | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1997-04-19) 19 April 1997 |
| Division | Flyweight |
| Style | Mixed martial arts |


title: 130th Field Artillery Brigade

abstract: The 130th Field Artillery Brigade is a field artillery brigade of the United States Army, provided by the Kansas Army National Guard and headquartered in Manhattan, Kansas. The 130th Field Artillery history in the Kansas Army National Guard dates back to 1917, where its lineage as part of the 35th Infantry Division can be traced through both World Wars, the Korean War and, most recently, the war in Iraq 2003-2011. On June 1, 1978, the 130th was redesignated as the 130th Field Artillery Brigade. In 1985, it was again designated as the 35th Division Artillery with the reactivation of the 35th Infantry Division. The 130th was reconstituted again on Sept. 2, 1997, in the Kansas Army National Guard in Topeka. Following its Operation Iraqi Freedom deployment, the brigade was inactivated on Nov. 10, 2007. The brigade was reactivated on October 19, 2014.

text:
# 130th Field Artillery Brigade

The **130th Field Artillery Brigade** is a field artillery brigade of the United States Army, provided by the Kansas Army National Guard and headquartered in Manhattan, Kansas.

The 130th Field Artillery history in the Kansas Army National Guard dates back to 1917, where its lineage as part of the 35th Infantry Division can be traced through both World Wars, the Korean War and, most recently, the war in Iraq 2003-2011. On June 1, 1978, the 130th was redesignated as the 130th Field Artillery Brigade.

In 1985, it was again designated as the 35th Division Artillery with the reactivation of the 35th Infantry Division. The 130th was reconstituted again on Sept. 2, 1997, in the Kansas Army National Guard in Topeka. Following its Operation Iraqi Freedom deployment, the brigade was inactivated on Nov. 10, 2007.

The brigade was reactivated on October 19, 2014.

## Current Structure

The brigade now comprises the following units of the Kansas Army National Guard:

Three additional field artillery battalions of the brigade are under administrative control of other formations:

1. "Kansas National Guard's new brigade brings jobs to Manhattan; activation ceremony Oct. 19". Kansas Adjutant General's Department Public Affairs Office. 15 October 2014. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
2. "Kansas Adjutant General's Department - 130th Field Artillery". *kansastag.gov*. Retrieved 2016-12-27.


title: 15 and 290 theorems

abstract: In mathematics, the 15 theorem or Conway–Schneeberger Fifteen Theorem, proved by John H. Conway and W. A. Schneeberger in 1993, states that if a positive definite quadratic form with integer matrix represents all positive integers up to 15, then it represents all positive integers. The proof was complicated, and was never published. Manjul Bhargava found a much simpler proof which was published in 2000. Bhargava used the occasion of his receiving the 2005 SASTRA Ramanujan Prize to announce that he and Jonathan P. Hanke had cracked Conway's conjecture that a similar theorem holds for integral quadratic forms, with the constant 15 replaced by 290. The proof has since appeared in preprint form.

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# 15 and 290 theorems

In mathematics, the **15 theorem** or **Conway–Schneeberger Fifteen Theorem**, proved by John H. Conway and W. A. Schneeberger in 1993, states that if a positive definite quadratic form with integer matrix represents all positive integers up to 15, then it represents all positive integers. The proof was complicated, and was never published. Manjul Bhargava found a much simpler proof which was published in 2000.

Bhargava used the occasion of his receiving the 2005 SASTRA Ramanujan Prize to announce that he and Jonathan P. Hanke had cracked Conway's conjecture that a similar theorem holds for integral quadratic forms, with the constant 15 replaced by 290. The proof has since appeared in preprint form.

## Details

Suppose $Q\_{ij}$ is a symmetric matrix with real entries. For any vector $x$ with integer components, define

$$Q(x)=\sum \_{i,j}Q\_{ij}x\_{i}x\_{j}$$

This function is called a **quadratic form**. We say $Q$ is **positive definite** if $Q(x)\>0$ whenever $x\neq 0$. If $Q(x)$ is always an integer, we call the function $Q$ an **integral quadratic form**.

We get an integral quadratic form whenever the matrix entries $Q\_{ij}$ are integers; then $Q$ is said to have **integer matrix**. However, $Q$ will still be an integral quadratic form if the off-diagonal entries $Q\_{ij}$ are integers divided by 2, while the diagonal entries are integers. For example, *x*2 \+ *xy* \+ *y*2 is integral but does not have integral matrix.

A positive integral quadratic form taking all positive integers as values is called **universal**. The **15 theorem** says that a quadratic form with integer matrix is universal if it takes the numbers from 1 to 15 as values. A more precise version says that, if a positive definite quadratic form with integral matrix takes the values 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 14, 15 (sequence A030050 in the OEIS), then it takes all positive integers as values. Moreover, for each of these 9 numbers, there is such a quadratic form taking all other 8 positive integers except for this number as values.

For example, the quadratic form

$$w^{2}+x^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}$$

is universal, because every positive integer can be written as a sum of 4 squares, by Lagrange's four-square theorem. By the 15 theorem, to verify this, it is sufficient to check that every positive integer up to 15 is a sum of 4 squares. (This does not give an alternative proof of Lagrange's theorem, because Lagrange's theorem is used in the proof of the 15 theorem.)

On the other hand,

$$w^{2}+2x^{2}+5y^{2}+5z^{2},$$

is a positive definite quadratic form with integral matrix that takes as values all positive integers other than 15.

The **290 theorem** says a positive definite integral quadratic form is universal if it takes the numbers from 1 to 290 as values. A more precise version states that, if an integer valued integral quadratic form represents all the numbers 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 13, 14, 15, 17, 19, 21, 22, 23, 26, 29, 30, 31, 34, 35, 37, 42, 58, 93, 110, 145, 203, 290 (sequence A030051 in the OEIS), then it represents all positive integers, and for each of these 29 numbers, there is such a quadratic form representing all other 28 positive integers with the exception of this one number.

Bhargava has found analogous criteria for a quadratic form with integral matrix to represent all primes (the set {2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 67, 73} (sequence A154363 in the OEIS)) and for such a quadratic form to represent all positive odd integers (the set {1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 15, 33} (sequence A116582 in the OEIS)).

Expository accounts of these results have been written by Hahn and Moon (who provides proofs).