title: Electric blanket

abstract: An electric blanket is a blanket that contains integrated electrical heating wires. Types include underblankets, overblankets, throws, and duvets. An electric underblanket is placed above the mattress and below the bottom bed sheet. This is the most common type in the UK and Commonwealth countries, where it is known by default as an "electric blanket"; in the U.S. and Canada, where it is less common, it is called an electric heated mattress pad. An electric overblanket is placed above the top bed sheet, and is the most common type in the U.S. and Canada, where it is called an "electric blanket". Electric blankets usually have a control unit that adjusts the amount of heat the blanket produces by pulsing current at different intervals. Blankets for two-person beds often have separate controls for each side of the bed. The electric blanket may be used to pre-heat the bed before use or to keep the occupant warm while in bed. Electric blankets use between 15 and 115 watts in general. Some modern "low voltage" electric blankets have thin carbon fiber wires and work on 12 to 24 volts.

text:
# Electric blanket

An **electric blanket** is a blanket that contains integrated electrical heating wires. Types include underblankets, overblankets, throws, and duvets. An electric *underblanket* is placed above the mattress and below the bottom bed sheet. This is the most common type in the UK and Commonwealth countries, where it is known by default as an "electric blanket"; in the U.S. and Canada, where it is less common, it is called an electric heated mattress pad. An electric *overblanket* is placed above the top bed sheet, and is the most common type in the U.S. and Canada, where it is called an "electric blanket".

Electric blankets usually have a control unit that adjusts the amount of heat the blanket produces by pulsing current at different intervals. Blankets for two-person beds often have separate controls for each side of the bed. The electric blanket may be used to pre-heat the bed before use or to keep the occupant warm while in bed.

Electric blankets use between 15 and 115 watts in general.

Some modern "low voltage" electric blankets have thin carbon fiber wires and work on 12 to 24 volts.

## Mechanism

Much like heating pads, electric blankets use an insulated wire or heating element inserted into a fabric that heats when it is plugged in. The temperature control unit, located between the blanket and the electrical outlet, manages the amount of current entering into the heat elements in the blanket.

Some modern electric blankets use carbon fiber elements that are less bulky and conspicuous than older heating wires. Carbon fiber is also used as the heating element in many high-end heated car seats. Blankets can be purchased with rheostats that regulate the heat.

### With signal line type

It is used in temperature controller electric blankets which have a thermostat that regulates the temperature. The core of the wire is made of glass fiber or polyester wire. Flexible electrical heating alloy wire is wrapped around it. Outside is covered with a heat-sensitive layer. Then a copper alloy signal wire is wrapped around the outside of the heat-sensitive layer. Outside the copper signal wire is coated with a heat-resistant resin.

When the temperature at any point on the electric blanket exceeds a predetermined value, the heat-sensitive layer on the corresponding electric heating wire is changed from an insulator to a good conductor, so that the control circuit is turned on and the electric blanket is disconnected to achieve the purpose of temperature control and safety protection.

The common type electric blanket without signal line electric heating element is generally equipped with two types of temperature control elements to realize temperature control:

* one is overheating safety thermostat, about 8-9 per bed electric blanket, which is connected in series on the electric heating element to play the role of safety protection;
* The other is the thermostat controller, which is located at the head of the bed or at the hand to play the role of temperature adjustment. The electric blanket with electric heating element with signal line only needs a thermostat controller.

## Safety

### Overheating

Newer electric blankets have a shutoff mechanism to prevent the blanket from overheating or catching fire. Older blankets (prior to about 2001) may not have a shut-off mechanism; users run the risk of overheating. Older blankets are considered fire hazards.

Some electric blankets work on relatively low voltage (12 to 24 volts), including those that plug in to ordinary household electrical outlets. In the US, such blankets are sold by Soft Heat, Serta, and Select Comfort. Such blankets also include 12-volt blankets designed for in-car use; they tend to shut off automatically every 45 minutes or so.

Old or damaged blankets are a concern of fire safety officials, due to the combination of heat, electricity, the abundance of flammable bedding material, and a sleeping occupant. In the United Kingdom in 2011, it was estimated that 5,000 fires per year were caused by faulty electric blankets.

Electric blankets also present a burn risk to those who cannot feel pain, such as those with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, or who are unable to react to it, such as small children, quadriplegics, and the elderly.

### Cancer

No mechanism by which SLF (super low frequency)-EMFs (electromagnetic field) or radiofrequency radiation could cause cancer has been identified. Unlike high-energy (ionizing) radiation, EMFs in the non-ionizing part of the electromagnetic spectrum cannot damage DNA or cells directly. Some scientists have speculated that SLF-EMFs could cause cancer through other mechanisms, such as by reducing levels of the hormone melatonin . There is some evidence that melatonin may suppress the development of certain tumors.

Long-term electric blanket use (\>20 years) in women is associated with a 36% higher prevalence of endometrial cancer.

## Societal considerations

Electric blankets are an efficient and commercially available personal heating systems aim to achieve individual thermal comfort at an affordable price relative to competing solutions. In cold conditions electric blankets are beneficial for decreasing sleep onset latency and improving the comfort sensation when retiring to sleep.

Due to these qualities, electric blankets are popular in low-income communities, especially households with persistent fuel poverty during the cold season. Similarly, electrical blankets are frequently used in hot summer cold winter zones. For instance they are the single most frequently used personal heating solution in bedrooms in the Yangtze River region.

From a power management perspective, however, miscellaneous electric load related to appliances such as the electric blanket, waterbeds, dehumidifiers, television sets, add up to a significant amount, sometimes 40% of the total power usage in homes. Worth to note, these appliances use minimal power e.g. electric blankets use only approx. 15 - 115 . Yet, compared to other electric appliances, such as refrigerators, air conditioners, electric water heating systems, miscellaneous electricity load is under-recognized and may lead to mistaken forecasts of electricity usage, thus needing appropriate consideration.

Electric blankets offer a significant opportunity to improve quality of life especially for citizens living in low income communities situated in cold climate areas because of their low energy usage relative to the thermal comfort they provide.

A cartoon electrical blanket with its electrical temperature control acting as an anthropomorphic face named "Blanky" was portrayed in the 1987 animated film *The Brave Little Toaster*.

In the 1951 film *The Thing from Another World*, a haphazardly thrown electric blanket melted the block of ice that encased the alien monster, releasing it.

Is discussed as a form of modern comfort in the 1981 film *My Dinner with Andre*.


title: 1976 Calgary Stampeders season

abstract: The 1976 Calgary Stampeders finished in fifth place in the Western Conference with a 2–12–2 record and failed to make the playoffs.

text:
# 1976 Calgary Stampeders season

The **1976 Calgary Stampeders** finished in fifth place in the Western Conference with a 2–12–2 record and failed to make the playoffs.

## Regular season

### Season Standings

**Western Football Conference**
| Team | GP | W | L | T | PF | PA | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Saskatchewan Roughriders** | 16 | 11 | 5 | 0 | 427 | 238 | 22 |
| **Winnipeg Blue Bombers** | 16 | 10 | 6 | 0 | 384 | 316 | 20 |
| **Edmonton Eskimos** | 16 | 9 | 6 | 1 | 311 | 367 | 19 |
| BC Lions | 16 | 5 | 9 | 2 | 308 | 336 | 12 |
| Calgary Stampeders | 16 | 2 | 12 | 2 | 316 | 422 | 6 |

### Season schedule

| Week | Game | Date | Opponent | Results | | Venue | Attendance |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | | Score | Record | | |
|  | 1 |  | Edmonton Eskimos | L 22–24 | 0–1 |  |  |
|  | 2 |  | Montreal Alouettes | T 20–20 | 0–1–1 |  |  |
|  | 3 |  | Winnipeg Blue Bombers | L 3–49 | 0–2–1 |  |  |
|  | 4 |  | BC Lions | L 9–13 | 0–3–1 |  |  |
|  | 5 |  | Saskatchewan Roughriders | L 13–38 | 0–4–1 |  |  |
|  | 6 |  | Hamilton Tiger-Cats | L 11–18 | 0–5–1 |  |  |
|  | 7 |  | Edmonton Eskimos | L 17–19 | 0–6–1 |  |  |
|  | 8 |  | BC Lions | L 15–30 | 0–7–1 |  |  |
|  | 9 |  | Toronto Argonauts | L 20–28 | 0–8–1 |  |  |
|  | 10 |  | Saskatchewan Roughriders | L 10–35 | 0–9–1 |  |  |
|  | 11 |  | Winnipeg Blue Bombers | L 20–29 | 0–10–1 |  |  |
|  | 12 |  | Winnipeg Blue Bombers | W 22–10 | 1–10–1 |  |  |
|  | 13 |  | Ottawa Rough Riders | L 36–37 | 1–11–1 |  |  |
|  | 14 |  | BC Lions | T 31–31 | 1–11–2 |  |  |
|  | 15 |  | Edmonton Eskimos | W 36–28 | 2–11–2 |  |  |
|  | 16 |  | Saskatchewan Roughriders | L 31–33 | 2–12–2 |  |  |

## Awards and records

### 1976 CFL All-Stars

## InfoBox

| 1976 Calgary Stampeders season | |
| --- | --- |
| Head coach | Bob Baker, Joe Tiller |
| Home field | McMahon Stadium |
| Results | |
| Record | **2–12–2** |
| Division place | **5th, West** |
| Playoff finish | *did not qualify* |
|


title: 12th Field Artillery Regiment

abstract: The 12th Field Artillery Regiment is a unit of the United States Army.

text:
# 12th Field Artillery Regiment

The **12th Field Artillery Regiment** is a unit of the United States Army.

## Distinctive insignia

### Description and symbolism

The unit's insignia is a gold color metal and enamel device 1 inch (2.54 cm) in height overall consisting of a shield blazoned: Gules, a Fleur-de-lis Argent crowned Or; on a canton of the like an Aztec banner Vert garnished of the second. The single fleur-de-lis of silver is taken from the arms of Soissons, where the regiment performed such distinguished service that it was cited by the French in Orders of the Army, shown by the pendant Croix de guerre. The regiment had its baptism of fire near Verdun, the arms of which have one fleur-de-lis crowned all gold. The crown on these arms is for Verdun. The canton carried the Aztec banner from the crest of the parent organization, the 3rd Field Artillery Regiment. The distinctive unit insignia was originally approved for the 12th Field Artillery Regiment on 17 April 1923. It was re-designated for the 12th Field Artillery Battalion on 14 February 1941. It was re-designated for the 12th Artillery Regiment on 10 February 1958. The insignia was re-designated effective 1 September 1971, for the 12th Field Artillery Regiment.

## Coat of arms

### Blazon

The shield is a fleur-de-lis Argent crowned Or on a canton of the second and is shaped like an Aztec banner Vert. The shoulder sleeve insignia of the regiment Proper (a horizontal oblong of Black charged with the White star and Indian head of the Second Division) is on a wreath of the colors Argent and Gules.

### Symbolism

The shield is the single fleur-de-lis of silver is taken from the arms of Soissons, where the regiment performed such distinguished service that it was cited by the French in Orders of the Army, shown by the pendant Croix de guerre. The regiment had its baptism of fire near Verdun, the arms of which have one fleur-de-lis crowned all gold. The crown on these arms is for Verdun. The canton carried the Aztec banner from the crest of the parent organization, the 3rd Field Artillery. The crest of the 12th Field Artillery is self-explanatory. The coat of arms was originally approved for the 12th Field Artillery Regiment on 24 June 1921. It was amended to include the motto on 16 August 1921. It was re-designated for the 12th Field Artillery Battalion on 13 February 1941. It was re-designated for the 12th Artillery Regiment on 10 February 1958. The insignia was re-designated effective 1 September 1971, for the 12th Field Artillery Regiment.

## Unit awards and decorations

### 1st Battalion

### 2nd Battalion

| Ribbon | Award | Citation | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Presidential Unit Citation** | "For gallantry, determination, and esprit de corps in accomplishing its mission under extremely difficult and hazardous conditions." | Awarded during service in the Korean War for actions at Hongcheon. |
|  | **Presidential Unit Citation** | "For gallantry, determination, and esprit de corps in accomplishing its mission under extremely difficult and hazardous conditions." | Awarded during service in the Korean War for actions at the Battle of Chipyong-ni. |
|  | **Valorous Unit Award** | "For extraordinary heroism in action against an armed enemy of the United States of America." | Awarded during service in the Vietnam War for actions during the Cambodian Campaign \- FISH HOOK. |
|  | **Meritorious Unit Commendation** | "For exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding service, heroic deeds, or valorous actions." | Awarded during service in OIF (09-10) for actions in Baghdad, Iraq. |
|  | **French Croix de Guerre with Palm** | For acts of heroism involving combat with enemy forces. | Awarded during service in World War I for actions at the Second Battle of the Marne. |
|  | **French Croix de Guerre with Palm** | For acts of heroism involving combat with enemy forces. | Awarded during service in World War I for actions during the Meuse-Argonne Offensive. |
|  | **Fourragère** | For acts of heroism involving combat with enemy forces. | Awarded during service in World War I for third awarding of French Croix de Guerre with Palm. |
| Belgian Fourragere 1940 | **Fourragère** | For meritorious service during the Battle of the Ardennes. | Awarded during service in World War II for actions at ELSENBORN CREST. |

## 1st Battalion

The 1st Battalion, 12th Field Artillery was constituted on 3 June 1916 as an element of the 2nd Division. The 12th Regiment arrived in France and fought bravely in four offenses in World War I. Following the armistice, the 12th joined the U.S. Army of Occupation, stationed in the Colenz area, then later returned to Fort Sam Houston, Texas, and inactivated. On 1 May 1939, the regiment was reactivated as a 155mm howitzer battalion. The 12th joined the armies staging in England for the invasion of France. On D-Day plus three, the 12th landed on Omaha Beach in Normandy and participated in the breakout from the beachhead. Later, the 12th was in the thick of the fighting of the Battle of the Bulge and it joined in the race across Germany and on VE Day was in Pilson, Czechoslovakia. The 12th returned to Fort Lewis, Washington where it remained until it was inactivated.

When the Korean War broke out, the 12th was reactivated and in July 1950, departed for Korea where it participated in the fighting on the Pusan Perimeter. Later it face the Red Chinese at the Chong-chon river. The unit became Battery A, 12th field Artillery Battalion, an element of the 2nd Infantry Division. A year later, the battalion endured some of the bloodiest fighting of the Korean War at T-bone Mountain, the Battle of Old Baldy, White Horse Mountain, and the Battle of Pork Chop Hill. In 1954, following the Korean Armistice Agreement, the battalion returned to Fort Lewis, Washington and then moved to Fort Benning, Georgia.

In 1965, with its Honest John Rockets and 8 inch howitzers, the 1-12th returned to Korea. On 20 February 1971, the unit inactivated at Fort Lewis, Washington, and immediately reactivated at Fort Sill, Oklahoma on 1 April 1971. The 1st Battalion, 12th Field Artillery became the world's first Lance Missile Battalion with a wartime mission to provide nuclear and non-nuclear fires.

The 1-12th began converting to the Multiple Launch Rocket System in August 1992.

During the year 2000, the Raider 1-12 FA (MLRS) conducted many battalion and battery-level FTXs and EXEVALs at Fort Sill.

1-12 FA also deployed its 0&1 to Fort Stewart, Georgia, and the NTC for a successful rotation with the 3d BCT, 3d IN Division, in April.

### Campaigns

#### World War I

Aisne, Aisne-Marne, St. Mihiel, Meuse-Argonne, Lorraine 1918, Ile de France 1918

#### World War II

Normandy, Northern France, Rhineland, Ardennes-Alsace, Central Europe

#### Korean War

UN Defensive, UN Offensive, CCF Intervention, First UN Counteroffensive, CCF Spring Offensive, UN Summer-Fall Offensive, Second Korean Winter, Korea: Summer-Fall 1952, Third Korean Winter, Korea: Summer 1953

#### Iraq War

Transition of Iraq, National Resolution

2005 - 2006 Operation Iraqi Freedom

## 2nd Battalion

First constituted 1 July 1916 in the Regular Army as Battery B, 12th Field Artillery. It was later organized 7 June 1917 at Fort Myer, Virginia, as an element of the 2nd Division (later redesignated as the 2nd Infantry Division). From here the unit was reorganized and redesignated 1 October 1940 as Battery B, 12th Field Artillery Battalion (B-12th FAB). On 15 October 1948 the unit was inactivated at Fort Lewis, Washington. On 10 November 1951 Battery B consolidated with Battery B, 503rd Field Artillery Battalion (B-503rd FAB) (active), and consolidated unit designated as Battery B, 12th Field Artillery Battalion (B-12th FAB). The unit inactivated on 20 June 1957 at Fort Lewis, Washington, and relieved from assignment to the 2nd Infantry Division; concurrently, redesignated as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 2nd Battalion, 12th Artillery (HHB, 2-12th Artillery). Later it redesignated on 1 May 1960 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 2nd Howitzer Battalion, 12th Artillery, assigned to the 8th Infantry Division, and activated in Germany (organic elements concurrently constituted and activated). The battalion inactivated 1 April 1963 in Germany and relieved from assignment to the 8th Infantry Division. 13 September 1969 the battalion redesignated as the 2nd Battalion, 12th Artillery, and activated in Vietnam. The battalion inactivated 29 August 1971 at Fort Lewis, Washington. Three days later (1 September 1971 ) it redesignated as the 2nd Battalion, 12th Field Artillery. Activated once again on 1 April 1976 at Fort Sill, Oklahoma. The unit inactivated on 15 September 1984 at Fort Sill, Oklahoma. The unit moved overseas and activated on 16 July 1987 in Herzogenaurach, Germany as a LANCE missile Battalion but was later inactivated on 15 April 1992. The battalion once again redesignated on 1 October 2005 as the 2nd Battalion, 12th Field Artillery Regiment. The battalion was assigned on 1 June 2006 to the newly formed 4th Brigade Combat Team, 2nd Infantry Division, and activated at Fort Lewis, Washington.

### Campaigns

#### World War I

Aisne, Aisne-Marne, St. Mihiel, Meuse-Argonne, Lorraine 1918, Ile de France 1918

#### World War II

Normandy, Northern France, Rhineland, Ardennes-Alsace, Central Europe

#### Korean War

UN Defensive, UN Offensive, CCF Intervention, First UN Counteroffensive, CCF Spring Offensive, UN Summer-Fall Offensive, Second Korean Winter, Korea: Summer-Fall 1952, Third Korean Winter, Korea: Summer 1953

#### Vietnam

Summer-Fall 1969, Winter-Spring 1970, Sanctuary Counteroffensive, Counteroffensive: Phase VII, Consolidation I

#### Iraq

Iraqi Surge, Iraqi Sovereignty, New Dawn

#### Afghanistan

Transition II

## InfoBox

| 12th Field Artillery Regiment | |
| --- | --- |
| Coat of Arms | |
| Active | 1916 |
| Country | United States |
| Branch | Army |
| Type | Field Artillery |
| Home Station | Fort Sill, Oklahoma (1st Battalion) and Fort Carson, Colorado (2nd Battalion) |
| Nickname(s) | Viking |
| Patron | Saint Barbara |
| Motto(s) | NEC TEMERE NEC TIMIDE (Neither Rashly nor Timidly) |
| Branch Color | Scarlet |
| Equipment | M777 155mm Towed Artillery |
| Insignia | |
| Distinctive unit insignia |  |


abstract: The 1974 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 74th staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897. Portlaw were the defending champions. On 15 September 1974, Mount Sion won the championship after a 3–08 to 2–10 defeat of Portlaw in the final. This was their 23rd championship title overall and their first title since 1972.

text:
# 1974 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship

The **1974 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship** was the 74th staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897.

Portlaw were the defending champions.

On 15 September 1974, Mount Sion won the championship after a 3–08 to 2–10 defeat of Portlaw in the final. This was their 23rd championship title overall and their first title since 1972.

## InfoBox

1974 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
| Champions | Mount Sion (23rd title) |
| --- | --- |
| Runners-up | Portlaw |
| 1973 (Previous) (Next) 1975 | |


title: Anthony Bleecker

abstract: Anthony Bleecker was a lawyer and author who was a friend of Washington Irving and William Cullen Bryant.

text:
# Anthony Bleecker

**Anthony Bleecker** (October 1770 – March 13, 1827) was a lawyer and author who was a friend of Washington Irving and William Cullen Bryant.

## Biography

He was born in New York City, the son of Anthony Lispenard Bleecker, one of the wealthiest and most influential citizens in 18th century New York, and for whom Bleecker Street in Greenwich Village was named.

Bleecker graduated from Columbia University (1791) and studied law, but was reputedly never a successful practitioner principally due to his oratory skills, of which he was ever self-conscious. For some thirty years he was a contributor of prose and verse to periodicals published in New York City and Philadelphia. The poet William Cullen Bryant wrote:

> Anthony Bleecker, who read everything that came out, and sometimes wrote for the magazines, was an amusing companion, always ready with his puns, of whom Miss Eliza Fenno, before her marriage to Verplanck in 1811, wrote that she had gone into the country to take refuge from Anthony Bleecker's puns.

Bleecker was one of the founders of the New York Historical Society and a member of its first standing committee. The Society was extremely influential in the expansion of historical knowledge across the United States. For many years he was Examiner-in-Chancery and served as secretary of the New York City Dispensary. He was also a trustee of the New York Society Library and secretary of its board of trustees from 1816 until 1827.

He died at the home of his brother-in-law, John Neilson, M.D., New York City, New York.

## Literary works

His poems and other articles were appearing occasionally, scattered through various literary journals, from 1800 to 1825. Some of them appeared in Samuel Kettell's collection, Specimens of American Poetry, namely the poems "On Revisiting the Cottage of Rosa in Early Spring, after a Long Absence" "Trenton Falls, near Utica" "Jungfrau Spaiger’s Apostrophe to Her Cat." The only longer work that lists him, albeit as an editor, is captain James Riley's narrative, *The Narrative of the Brig Commerce*. The book is an autobiographical account that starts with a brief sketch of Riley's life followed by the events after his brig Commerce was shipwrecked in 1815 off the west African coast. It describes the sufferings of the surviving officers and crew as they were enslaved by the wandering Arabs on the Sahara desert. It contains interesting descriptions of empire of Morocco, Timbuctoo on the river Niger, and Mogadore.

## Family

His nephew Richard Wade Bleecker (born in New York City, August 27, 1821; died there, April 21, 1875) engaged in business in New York City, and for some time was president of the North American Fire Insurance Company. He was an active patron of the arts and sciences, and the literary receptions held at his residence were attended by prominent artists and authors. He was a member of the New York Historical Society, a fellow of the National Academy of Design, a member of the American Institute, and also of other art and historical societies both at home and abroad.

40°42′33″N 73°54′25″W / 40.70929°N 73.90704°W / 40.70929; -73.90704

## InfoBox

| Anthony Bleecker | |
| --- | --- |
| Anthony Bleecker c. 1810 | |
| Born | October 1770
New York City, New York, British America |
| Died | March 13, 1827(1827-03-13) (aged 56)
New York City, New York, United States |
| Occupation(s) | Lawyer, author |
| Parent | Anthony Lispenard Bleecker |
| Signature | |
|  | |


title: Electromembrane extraction

abstract: Electro membrane extraction, or EME, is a miniaturized liquid-liquid extraction technique developed for sample preparation of aqueous samples prior to analysis by chromatography, electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, and related techniques in analytical chemistry. EME involves the use of a small supported liquid membrane (SLM) sustained in the wall of a porous hollow fiber, and application of an electrical field across the SLM.

text:
# Electromembrane extraction

**Electro membrane extraction**, or **EME**, is a miniaturized liquid-liquid extraction technique developed for sample preparation of aqueous samples prior to analysis by chromatography, electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, and related techniques in analytical chemistry. EME involves the use of a small supported liquid membrane (SLM) sustained in the wall of a porous hollow fiber, and application of an electrical field across the SLM.

## Principle

Target compounds are extracted from an aqueous sample, through a μL-volume of organic solvent sustained as a thin supported liquid membrane (SLM) in the pores in the wall of a porous hollow fiber, and into an acceptor solution inside the lumen of the hollow fiber. Extraction is based on electrokinetic migration in an electrical field sustained across the SLM. The volume of the acceptor solution is typically 5-25 μL. The acceptor solution is an aqueous solution, and can be analyzed by liquid chromatography (LC) or capillary electrophoresis (CE).

## Advantages

EME is closely related to liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) and provides high pre-concentration and efficient sample clean-up. In addition, because the extraction is performed under the influence of an electrical field, the extraction selectivity can be controlled by the direction and the magnitude of the electrical field.

## Further reading

* Knut Fredrik Seip, Astrid Gjelstad, Stig Pedersen-Bjergaard, The potential of electromembrane extraction for bioanalytical applications, Bioanalysis 7 (2015) 463-480
* V. Krishna Marothu, M. Gorrepati, R. Vusa, Electromembrane extraction-a novel extraction technique for pharmaceutical, chemical, clinical and environmental analysis, Journal of Chromatographic Science 51 (2013) 619-631.

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abstract: This is a list of electoral results for the Division of Chisholm in Australian federal elections from the division's creation in 1949 until the present.

text:
# Electoral results for the Division of Chisholm

This is a list of **electoral results for the Division of Chisholm** in Australian federal elections from the division's creation in 1949 until the present.

## Members

| Member | | Party | Term |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | (Sir) Wilfrid Kent Hughes | Liberal | 1949–1970 |
| | Tony Staley | | 1970–1980 |
| | Graham Harris | | 1980–1983 |
|  | Helen Mayer | Labor | 1983–1987 |
|  | Michael Wooldridge | Liberal | 1987–1998 |
|  | Anna Burke | Labor | 1998–2016 |
|  | Julia Banks | Liberal | 2016–2018 |
|  | | Independent | 2018–2019 |
|  | Gladys Liu | Liberal | 2019–2022 |
|  | Carina Garland | Labor | 2022–present |

## Election results

### Elections in the 2020s

#### 2022

2022 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Carina Garland | 38,692 | 40.09 | +3.77 |
|  | Liberal | Gladys Liu | 35,038 | 36.30 | −7.70 |
|  | Greens | Sarah Newman | 12,130 | 12.57 | +1.94 |
|  | United Australia | Melanie Kempson | 2,295 | 2.38 | +0.22 |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Ethelyn King | 1,620 | 1.68 | +1.68 |
|  | Independent | Dominique Murphy | 1,590 | 1.65 | +1.65 |
|  | One Nation | Aaron Tyrrell | 1,377 | 1.43 | +1.43 |
|  | Animal Justice | Rod Whitfield | 1,122 | 1.16 | −0.09 |
|  | Justice | Thomas Stanfield | 946 | 0.98 | −0.45 |
|  | Independent | Wayne Tseng | 757 | 0.78 | +0.78 |
|  | Australian Federation | Anthea Antonie | 567 | 0.59 | +0.59 |
|  | Australian Citizens | Ryan Dare | 384 | 0.40 | +0.40 |
| Total formal votes | | | 96,518 | 95.30 | −0.44 |
| Informal votes | | | 4,763 | 4.70 | +0.44 |
| Turnout | | | 101,281 | 92.20 | −2.61 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Carina Garland | 54,448 | 56.41 | +6.86 |
|  | Liberal | Gladys Liu | 42,070 | 43.59 | −6.86 |
|  | Labor **gain** from Liberal | | **Swing** | +6.86 |  |

### Elections in the 2010s

#### 2019

2019 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Gladys Liu | 41,172 | 43.38 | −3.71 |
|  | Labor | Jennifer Yang | 32,561 | 34.30 | −0.39 |
|  | Greens | Luke Arthur | 11,235 | 11.84 | +0.30 |
|  | Independent | Ian Dobby | 2,319 | 2.44 | +2.44 |
|  | Justice | Anne Wicks | 2,063 | 2.17 | +2.17 |
|  | Animal Justice | Rosemary Lavin | 1,780 | 1.88 | −0.24 |
|  | Democratic Labour | Philip Jenkins | 1,702 | 1.79 | +1.79 |
|  | United Australia | George Zoraya | 1,517 | 1.60 | +1.60 |
|  | Rise Up Australia | Angela Dorian | 571 | 0.60 | −0.63 |
| Total formal votes | | | 94,920 | 95.51 | −1.77 |
| Informal votes | | | 4,463 | 4.49 | +1.77 |
| Turnout | | | 99,383 | 93.47 | −0.96 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Gladys Liu | 48,005 | 50.57 | −2.34 |
|  | Labor | Jennifer Yang | 46,915 | 49.43 | +2.34 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | −2.34 |  |

Julia Banks was elected as the Liberal member for Chisholm in 2016, but resigned from the party in November 2018 and sat as an independent. She unsuccessfully contested Flinders as an independent.

#### 2016

2016 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Julia Banks | 39,265 | 45.28 | +1.16 |
|  | Labor | Stefanie Perri | 31,160 | 35.93 | −3.57 |
|  | Greens | Josh Fergeus | 10,647 | 12.28 | +2.83 |
|  | Family First | Craig McCracken | 2,137 | 2.46 | +1.36 |
|  | Animal Justice | Nyree Walshe | 1,799 | 2.07 | +2.07 |
|  | Rise Up Australia | Melanie Vassiliou | 1,712 | 1.97 | +1.22 |
| Total formal votes | | | 86,720 | 97.26 | +1.49 |
| Informal votes | | | 2,439 | 2.74 | −1.49 |
| Turnout | | | 89,159 | 91.52 | −1.83 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Julia Banks | 44,437 | 51.24 | +2.84 |
|  | Labor | Stefanie Perri | 42,283 | 48.76 | −2.84 |
|  | Liberal **gain** from Labor | | **Swing** | +2.84 |  |

#### 2013

2013 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | John Nguyen | 37,990 | 44.12 | +3.90 |
|  | Labor | Anna Burke | 34,015 | 39.50 | −4.75 |
|  | Greens | Josh Fergeus | 8,133 | 9.45 | −2.44 |
|  | Sex Party | Luzio Grossi | 1,762 | 2.05 | +2.05 |
|  | Palmer United | Brian Woods | 1,405 | 1.63 | +1.63 |
|  | Family First | Martin Myszka | 949 | 1.10 | −1.56 |
|  | Democratic Labour | Pat Shea | 860 | 1.00 | +1.00 |
|  | Rise Up Australia | Melanie Vassiliou | 650 | 0.75 | +0.75 |
|  | Secular | Vidura Jayaratne | 345 | 0.40 | −0.20 |
| Total formal votes | | | 86,109 | 95.77 | −0.55 |
| Informal votes | | | 3,802 | 4.23 | +0.55 |
| Turnout | | | 89,911 | 93.41 | −0.28 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Anna Burke | 44,431 | 51.60 | −4.18 |
|  | Liberal | John Nguyen | 41,678 | 48.40 | +4.18 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | −4.18 |  |

#### 2010

2010 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Anna Burke | 34,492 | 44.53 | −3.59 |
|  | Liberal | John Nguyen | 31,093 | 40.15 | +0.70 |
|  | Greens | Josh Fergeus | 9,196 | 11.87 | +3.40 |
|  | Family First | Phil Goodman | 2,107 | 2.72 | +0.27 |
|  | Secular | Nimrod Evans | 562 | 0.73 | +0.73 |
| Total formal votes | | | 77,450 | 96.41 | −0.98 |
| Informal votes | | | 2,880 | 3.59 | +0.98 |
| Turnout | | | 80,330 | 93.11 | −2.16 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Anna Burke | 43,459 | 56.11 | −1.27 |
|  | Liberal | John Nguyen | 33,991 | 43.89 | +1.27 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | −1.27 |  |

### Elections in the 2000s

#### 2007

2007 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Anna Burke | 38,439 | 48.12 | +4.13 |
|  | Liberal | Myles King | 31,514 | 39.45 | −4.16 |
|  | Greens | Alistair McCaskill | 6,765 | 8.47 | +1.13 |
|  | Family First | Gary Ong | 1,953 | 2.45 | +0.56 |
|  | Democrats | Daniel Berk | 1,053 | 1.32 | −0.69 |
|  | Citizens Electoral Council | Lars Thystrup | 150 | 0.19 | +0.01 |
| Total formal votes | | | 79,874 | 97.39 | +0.74 |
| Informal votes | | | 2,139 | 2.61 | −0.74 |
| Turnout | | | 82,013 | 95.22 | +0.38 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Anna Burke | 45,833 | 57.38 | +4.73 |
|  | Liberal | Myles King | 34,041 | 42.62 | −4.73 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | +4.73 |  |

#### 2004

2004 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Anna Burke | 34,241 | 43.99 | +1.61 |
|  | Liberal | Stephen Hartney | 33,945 | 43.61 | −0.01 |
|  | Greens | Penny Harris | 5,715 | 7.34 | +1.17 |
|  | Democrats | James Bennett | 1,561 | 2.01 | −4.73 |
|  | Family First | Gary Ong | 1,468 | 1.89 | +1.89 |
|  | Independent | Owen Lysaght | 763 | 0.98 | +0.98 |
|  | Citizens Electoral Council | Wayne Barwick | 137 | 0.18 | +0.18 |
| Total formal votes | | | 77,830 | 96.65 | −0.34 |
| Informal votes | | | 2,700 | 3.35 | +0.34 |
| Turnout | | | 80,530 | 94.84 | −0.60 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Anna Burke | 40,980 | 52.65 | −0.03 |
|  | Liberal | Stephen Hartney | 36,850 | 47.35 | +0.03 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | −0.03 |  |

#### 2001

2001 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Ros Clowes | 34,836 | 43.58 | +1.84 |
|  | Labor | Anna Burke | 33,929 | 42.44 | +0.06 |
|  | Democrats | James Bennett | 5,379 | 6.73 | −0.14 |
|  | Greens | Howard Tankey | 4,898 | 6.13 | +3.03 |
|  | No GST | John Murray | 895 | 1.12 | +1.12 |
| Total formal votes | | | 79,937 | 96.99 | +0.56 |
| Informal votes | | | 2,481 | 3.01 | −0.56 |
| Turnout | | | 82,418 | 95.26 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Anna Burke | 42,179 | 52.77 | +0.70 |
|  | Liberal | Ros Clowes | 37,758 | 47.23 | −0.70 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | +0.70 |  |

### Elections in the 1990s

#### 1998

1998 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Anna Burke | 33,275 | 42.38 | +1.99 |
|  | Liberal | Peter Vlahos | 32,771 | 41.74 | −5.39 |
|  | Democrats | Bernie Millane | 5,392 | 6.87 | −0.40 |
|  | Greens | Julian Guess | 2,431 | 3.10 | +0.44 |
|  | Unity | Ka-Sing Chua | 2,214 | 2.82 | +2.82 |
|  | One Nation | Douglas Hesse | 2,064 | 2.63 | +2.63 |
|  | Natural Law | Mark Toomey | 193 | 0.25 | −0.22 |
|  | Republican | Nicholas Fell | 176 | 0.22 | +0.22 |
| Total formal votes | | | 78,516 | 96.43 | −1.01 |
| Informal votes | | | 2,910 | 3.57 | +1.01 |
| Turnout | | | 81,426 | 95.68 | −0.51 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Anna Burke | 40,887 | 52.07 | +4.67 |
|  | Liberal | Peter Vlahos | 37,629 | 47.93 | −4.67 |
|  | Labor **gain** from Liberal | | **Swing** | +4.67 |  |

#### 1996

1996 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Michael Wooldridge | 37,110 | 47.13 | −0.64 |
|  | Labor | Tony Robinson | 31,807 | 40.39 | −4.21 |
|  | Democrats | Matthew Townsend | 5,725 | 7.27 | +1.34 |
|  | Greens | Adrian Whitehead | 2,097 | 2.66 | +2.66 |
|  | Against Further Immigration | Peter Judge | 1,291 | 1.64 | +1.64 |
|  | Natural Law | Graeme Browne | 358 | 0.47 | −0.95 |
|  |  | Mark Ilott | 350 | 0.44 | +0.44 |
| Total formal votes | | | 78,748 | 97.44 | −0.01 |
| Informal votes | | | 2,069 | 2.56 | +0.01 |
| Turnout | | | 80,817 | 96.18 | −0.13 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Michael Wooldridge | 41,190 | 52.59 | +2.20 |
|  | Labor | Tony Robinson | 37,132 | 47.41 | −2.20 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | +2.20 |  |

#### 1993

1993 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Michael Wooldridge | 36,198 | 50.23 | +1.76 |
|  | Labor | Gordon McCaskie | 29,998 | 41.63 | +7.45 |
|  | Democrats | Doug Johnston | 4,620 | 6.41 | −6.98 |
|  | Natural Law | Richard Aldous | 1,247 | 1.73 | +1.73 |
| Total formal votes | | | 72,063 | 97.68 | +0.21 |
| Informal votes | | | 1,714 | 2.32 | −0.21 |
| Turnout | | | 73,777 | 96.32 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Michael Wooldridge | 38,083 | 52.88 | −3.41 |
|  | Labor | Gordon McCaskie | 33,937 | 47.12 | +3.41 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | −3.41 |  |

#### 1990

1990 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Michael Wooldridge | 34,660 | 48.5 | +2.4 |
|  | Labor | Helen Mayer | 24,437 | 34.2 | −10.0 |
|  | Democrats | Trudi Brunton | 9,576 | 13.4 | +6.8 |
|  | Call to Australia | Adrian Stagg | 2,832 | 4.0 | +4.0 |
| Total formal votes | | | 71,505 | 97.5 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 1,861 | 2.5 |  |
| Turnout | | | 73,366 | 96.1 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Michael Wooldridge | 40,230 | 56.3 | +5.9 |
|  | Labor | Helen Mayer | 31,239 | 43.7 | −5.9 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | +5.9 |  |

### Elections in the 1980s

#### 1987

1987 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Michael Wooldridge | 29,705 | 46.4 | +2.1 |
|  | Labor | Helen Mayer | 28,094 | 43.9 | −1.7 |
|  | Democrats | Fran Robbins | 4,222 | 6.6 | +0.4 |
|  | National | Edward Wajsbrem | 1,101 | 1.7 | +0.6 |
|  | Unite Australia | Ernest Rodeck | 637 | 1.0 | +1.0 |
|  | Independent | Barry Gration | 226 | 0.4 | +0.4 |
| Total formal votes | | | 63,985 | 95.8 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 2,772 | 4.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 66,757 | 95.7 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Michael Wooldridge | 32,400 | 50.7 | +0.9 |
|  | Labor | Helen Mayer | 31,528 | 49.3 | −0.9 |
|  | Liberal **gain** from Labor | | **Swing** | +0.9 |  |

#### 1984

1984 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Helen Mayer | 28,696 | 45.6 | −2.3 |
|  | Liberal | Graham Harris | 27,860 | 44.3 | +1.9 |
|  | Democrats | Colin Rochford | 3,928 | 6.2 | −0.3 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Kevin Carroll | 1,779 | 2.8 | −0.4 |
|  | National | Ray Murphy | 693 | 1.1 | +1.1 |
| Total formal votes | | | 62,956 | 92.1 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 5,405 | 7.9 |  |
| Turnout | | | 68,361 | 95.3 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Helen Mayer | 31,566 | 50.2 | −1.7 |
|  | Liberal | Graham Harris | 31,375 | 49.8 | +1.7 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | −1.7 |  |

#### 1983

1983 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Helen Mayer | 33,253 | 48.2 | +7.1 |
|  | Liberal | Graham Harris | 29,052 | 42.1 | −5.0 |
|  | Democrats | Alan Swindon | 4,444 | 6.5 | −4.3 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Kevin Cooper | 2,196 | 3.2 | +3.2 |
| Total formal votes | | | 68,945 | 98.4 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 1,128 | 1.6 |  |
| Turnout | | | 70,073 | 96.3 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Helen Mayer | 36,019 | 52.2 | +4.4 |
|  | Liberal | Graham Harris | 32,926 | 47.8 | −4.4 |
|  | Labor **gain** from Liberal | | **Swing** | +4.4 |  |

#### 1980

1980 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Graham Harris | 32,211 | 47.1 | +0.6 |
|  | Labor | Helen Mayer | 28,058 | 41.1 | +9.6 |
|  | Democrats | Alan Swindon | 7,377 | 10.8 | −6.4 |
|  | Australia | Terence Pooley | 701 | 1.0 | +1.0 |
| Total formal votes | | | 68,347 | 98.0 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 1,394 | 2.0 |  |
| Turnout | | | 69,741 | 95.3 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Graham Harris | 35,652 | 52.2 | −6.7 |
|  | Labor | Helen Mayer | 32,695 | 47.8 | +6.7 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | −6.7 |  |

### Elections in the 1970s

#### 1977

1977 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Tony Staley | 31,808 | 46.5 | −8.9 |
|  | Labor | Helen Mayer | 21,548 | 31.5 | −5.8 |
|  | Democrats | Robert Caulfield | 11,739 | 17.2 | +17.2 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Joe Stanley | 3,299 | 4.8 | −0.2 |
| Total formal votes | | | 68,394 | 97.9 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 1,501 | 2.1 |  |
| Turnout | | | 69,895 | 95.2 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Tony Staley |  | 58.9 | −1.9 |
|  | Labor | Helen Mayer |  | 41.1 | +1.9 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | −1.9 |  |

#### 1975

1975 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Tony Staley | 31,477 | 57.0 | +6.5 |
|  | Labor | Richard Campbell | 19,712 | 35.7 | −5.0 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Joe Stanley | 2,787 | 5.0 | −0.3 |
|  | Australia | Richard Franklin | 1,236 | 2.2 | −1.3 |
| Total formal votes | | | 55,212 | 98.5 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 826 | 1.5 |  |
| Turnout | | | 56,038 | 95.9 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Tony Staley |  | 62.4 | +5.7 |
|  | Labor | Richard Campbell |  | 37.6 | −5.7 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | +5.7 |  |

#### 1974

1974 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Tony Staley | 28,072 | 50.5 | +3.7 |
|  | Labor | Alastair Nicholson | 22,651 | 40.7 | +1.5 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Joe Stanley | 2,933 | 5.3 | −2.3 |
|  | Australia | Frank Penhalluriack | 1,940 | 3.5 | −2.9 |
| Total formal votes | | | 55,596 | 98.4 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 920 | 1.6 |  |
| Turnout | | | 56,516 | 95.4 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Tony Staley |  | 56.7 | +1.3 |
|  | Labor | Alastair Nicholson |  | 43.3 | −1.3 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | +1.3 |  |

#### 1972

1972 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Tony Staley | 24,622 | 46.8 | −6.1 |
|  | Labor | Alastair Nicholson | 20,608 | 39.2 | +5.1 |
|  | Democratic Labor | William Hoyne | 4,006 | 7.6 | −1.4 |
|  | Australia | Robert Cowley | 3,354 | 6.4 | +2.5 |
| Total formal votes | | | 52,590 | 98.5 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 811 | 1.5 |  |
| Turnout | | | 53,401 | 95.5 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Tony Staley | 29,110 | 55.4 | −7.2 |
|  | Labor | Alastair Nicholson | 23,480 | 44.6 | +7.2 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | −7.2 |  |

#### 1970 by-election

Chisholm by-election, 1970
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Tony Staley | 24,767 | 54.1 | +1.2 |
|  | Labor | Frank Costigan | 15,335 | 33.5 | -0.6 |
|  | Defence of Government Schools | Ray Nilsen | 4,138 | 9.0 | +9.0 |
|  | Australia | Andrew Morrow | 1,501 | 3.3 | -0.6 |
| Total formal votes | | | 45,741 | 98.4 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 756 | 1.6 |  |
| Turnout | | | 46,497 | 82.0 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Tony Staley |  | 59.0 | -3.6 |
|  | Labor | Frank Costigan |  | 41.0 | +3.6 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | -3.6 |  |

### Elections in the 1960s

#### 1969

1969 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Sir Wilfrid Kent Hughes | 27,783 | 52.9 | −5.9 |
|  | Labor | Anthony Dwyer | 17,912 | 34.1 | +7.5 |
|  | Democratic Labor | John Rogers | 4,747 | 9.0 | +0.0 |
|  | Australia | Andrew Morrow | 2,053 | 3.9 | +3.9 |
| Total formal votes | | | 52,495 | 97.9 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 1,115 | 2.1 |  |
| Turnout | | | 53,610 | 94.8 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Sir Wilfrid Kent Hughes |  | 62.6 | −7.9 |
|  | Labor | Anthony Dwyer |  | 37.4 | +7.9 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | −7.9 |  |

#### 1966

1966 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Sir Wilfrid Kent Hughes | 22,556 | 58.5 | −1.5 |
|  | Labor | Kenneth Grigg | 10,359 | 26.9 | −2.6 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Mary Stanley | 4,199 | 10.9 | +0.4 |
|  | Independent | Clive Malseed | 1,446 | 3.8 | +3.8 |
| Total formal votes | | | 68,560 | 97.5 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 988 | 2.5 |  |
| Turnout | | | 39,548 | 95.8 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Sir Wilfrid Kent Hughes |  | 70.2 | +0.7 |
|  | Labor | Kenneth Grigg |  | 29.8 | −0.7 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | +0.7 |  |

#### 1963

1963 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Sir Wilfrid Kent Hughes | 24,139 | 60.0 | +4.4 |
|  | Labor | John Button | 11,878 | 29.5 | −1.8 |
|  | Democratic Labor | John Duffy | 4,230 | 10.5 | −2.7 |
| Total formal votes | | | 40,247 | 99.1 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 352 | 0.9 |  |
| Turnout | | | 40,599 | 96.1 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Sir Wilfrid Kent Hughes |  | 69.5 | +2.0 |
|  | Labor | John Button |  | 30.5 | −2.0 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | +2.0 |  |

#### 1961

1961 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Sir Wilfrid Kent Hughes | 22,276 | 55.6 | −4.4 |
|  | Labor | Malcolm Coughlin | 12,524 | 31.3 | +2.6 |
|  | Democratic Labor | John Duffy | 5,273 | 13.2 | +1.9 |
| Total formal votes | | | 40,073 | 98.4 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 658 | 1.6 |  |
| Turnout | | | 40,731 | 95.3 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Sir Wilfrid Kent Hughes |  | 67.5 | −2.7 |
|  | Labor | Malcolm Coughlin |  | 32.5 | +2.7 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | −2.7 |  |

### Elections in the 1950s

#### 1958

1958 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Sir Wilfrid Kent Hughes | 24,026 | 60.0 | −5.1 |
|  | Labor | Leo Bartley | 11,494 | 28.7 | +3.7 |
|  | Democratic Labor | John Hoare | 4,547 | 11.3 | +1.4 |
| Total formal votes | | | 40,067 | 98.1 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 766 | 1.9 |  |
| Turnout | | | 40,833 | 95.7 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Sir Wilfrid Kent Hughes |  | 70.2 | −4.0 |
|  | Labor | Leo Bartley |  | 29.8 | +4.0 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | −4.0 |  |

#### 1955

1955 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Wilfrid Kent Hughes | 26,394 | 65.1 | +0.1 |
|  | Labor | John Stewart | 10,114 | 25.0 | −10.0 |
|  | Labor (A-C) | Leonora Lloyd | 4,006 | 9.9 | +9.9 |
| Total formal votes | | | 40,514 | 98.1 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 786 | 1.9 |  |
| Turnout | | | 41,300 | 94.8 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Wilfrid Kent Hughes |  | 73.0 | +8.0 |
|  | Labor | John Stewart |  | 27.0 | −8.0 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | +8.0 |  |

#### 1954

1954 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Wilfrid Kent Hughes | 26,775 | 65.0 | +0.0 |
|  | Labor | Les Cahill | 14,390 | 35.0 | −0.0 |
| Total formal votes | | | 41,165 | 99.1 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 387 | 0.9 |  |
| Turnout | | | 41,552 | 95.7 |  |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | +0.0 |  |

#### 1951

1951 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Wilfrid Kent Hughes | 27,016 | 65.0 | +0.3 |
|  | Labor | Ronald Whiting | 14,563 | 35.0 | +1.9 |
| Total formal votes | | | 41,579 | 98.8 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 501 | 1.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 42,080 | 95.7 |  |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | +0.1 |  |

### Elections in the 1940s

#### 1949

1949 Australian federal election: Chisholm
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Wilfrid Kent Hughes | 26,628 | 64.7 | +4.1 |
|  | Labor | Leo Fennessy | 13,615 | 33.1 | +0.1 |
|  | Communist | Bill Tregear | 937 | 2.3 | +2.3 |
| Total formal votes | | | 41,180 | 98.5 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 648 | 1.5 |  |
| Turnout | | | 41,828 | 96.7 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Wilfrid Kent Hughes |  | 64.9 | +3.8 |
|  | Labor | Leo Fennessy |  | 35.1 | −3.8 |
|  | Liberal **notional hold** | | **Swing** | +3.8 |  |


title: Electrical Ward

abstract: Electrical Ward is a ward located under Nagaland's capital city, Kohima. The ward falls under the designated Ward No. 17 of the Kohima Municipal Council.

text:
# Electrical Ward

**Electrical Ward** is a ward located under Nagaland's capital city, Kohima. The ward falls under the designated Ward No. 17 of the Kohima Municipal Council.

## InfoBox

| Electrical Ward | |
| --- | --- |
| Ward under Kohima | |
| Electrical WardLocation in Nagaland, India | |
| Coordinates: 25°39′35″N 94°05′30″E / 25.659680°N 94.091770°E / 25.659680; 94.091770 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Nagaland |
| City | Kohima |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |


abstract: The 1973 Western Michigan Broncos football team represented Western Michigan University in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 1973 NCAA Division I football season. In their 10th season under head coach Bill Doolittle, the Broncos compiled a 6–5 record, finished in a tie for fifth place in the MAC, and were outscored by their opponents, 218 to 190. The team played its home games at Waldo Stadium in Kalamazoo, Michigan. The team's statistical leaders included Paul Jorgensen with 718 passing yards and 476 rushing yards and Ted Forrest with 282 receiving yards. Fullback Larry Cates and linebacker Dominic Riggio were the team captains. For the second consecutive year, Riggio received the team's most outstanding player award.

text:
# 1973 Western Michigan Broncos football team

1973 Mid-American Conference football standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | T |  |  | W |  | L |  | T |
| No. 15 Miami (OH) $ | 5 |  | 0 |  | 0 |  |  | 11 |  | 0 |  | 0 |
| Kent State | 4 |  | 1 |  | 0 |  |  | 9 |  | 2 |  | 0 |
| Bowling Green | 2 |  | 3 |  | 0 |  |  | 7 |  | 3 |  | 0 |
| Ohio | 2 |  | 3 |  | 0 |  |  | 5 |  | 5 |  | 0 |
| Western Michigan | 1 |  | 4 |  | 0 |  |  | 6 |  | 5 |  | 0 |
| Toledo | 1 |  | 4 |  | 0 |  |  | 3 |  | 8 |  | 0 |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| * $  Conference champion Rankings from AP Poll | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The **1973 Western Michigan Broncos football team** represented Western Michigan University in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 1973 NCAA Division I football season. In their 10th season under head coach Bill Doolittle, the Broncos compiled a 6–5 record (1–4 against MAC opponents), finished in a tie for fifth place in the MAC, and were outscored by their opponents, 218 to 190. The team played its home games at Waldo Stadium in Kalamazoo, Michigan.

The team's statistical leaders included Paul Jorgensen with 718 passing yards and 476 rushing yards and Ted Forrest with 282 receiving yards. Fullback Larry Cates and linebacker Dominic Riggio were the team captains. For the second consecutive year, Riggio received the team's most outstanding player award.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance | Source |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| September 8 | at Central Michigan |  | W 18–13 | 17,417 |  |
| September 15 | Long Beach State* |  | W 13–8 | 20,050 |  |
| September 22 | Northern Illinois* | * Waldo Stadium * Kalamazoo, MI | W 28–14 |  |  |
| September 29 | at Bowling Green |  | L 20–31 |  |  |
| October 6 | Kent State | * Waldo Stadium * Kalamazoo, MI | L 15–39 |  |  |
| October 13 | at Toledo |  | W 24–22 |  |  |
| October 20 | Marshall* | * Waldo Stadium * Kalamazoo, MI | W 21–7 |  |  |
| October 27 | at Ohio |  | L 0–16 |  |  |
| November 3 | Miami (OH) | * Waldo Stadium * Kalamazoo, MI | L 9–24 |  |  |
| November 10 | Ball State* | * Waldo Stadium * Kalamazoo, MI | W 30–13 |  |  |
| November 17 | at Texas–Arlington* |  | L 12–31 | 3,200 |  |
| * \*Non-conference game | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

| 1973 Western Michigan Broncos football | |
| --- | --- |
| Conference | Mid-American Conference |
| Record | 6–5 (1–4 MAC) |
| Head coach |  |
| MVP | Dominic Riggio |
| Captains | * Larry Cates * Dominic Riggio |
| Home stadium | Waldo Stadium |
|


title: Anthony A. Barrett

abstract: Anthony Arthur Barrett is a British-Canadian Classical scholar and the author of several books on Roman antiquity.

text:
# Anthony A. Barrett

**Anthony Arthur Barrett** (born July 30, 1941) is a British-Canadian Classical scholar and the author of several books on Roman antiquity.

## Life

Barrett attended Hookergate Grammar School, near Rowlands Gill, then the University of Durham (King’s College), where he graduated in Latin in 1963. He subsequently studied Classics as a Commonwealth Scholar at the University of Toronto, and Classical Archaeology at Oxford University (St. John’s College). After retirement, he studied Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic at Cambridge University (Sidney Sussex College).

In 1968, he was appointed assistant professor at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, in the Department of Classics, now the Department of Ancient Mediterranean and Near Eastern Studies. He was subsequently promoted to associate professor, and became full professor in 1984. He served as department head from 1993 – 1998. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in 2000. In 2002, he was awarded a two-year Killam Research Fellowship for work on the history of the Roman Empire. In 2004, he received the title of Distinguished University Scholar of the University of British Columbia. He retired in 2007 and currently resides in Heidelberg, Germany, where he has continued his research at Heidelberg University.

His academic research has focussed on Roman history and archeology, with an emphasis on the early Roman Empire. He has written articles on Roman history and monographs on the emperors and the imperial family. He produced a study of Caligula, which was praised as a “remarkable book” by Israeli historian Zvi Yavetz. He published the first detailed scholarly account of the Neronian Great Fire of Rome, which analyzes the historical significance and consequences of the fire as well as the evidence for it in the archaeological record. He argues that although the archaeological evidence suggests that the fire was less extensive than is popularly believed, the economic and political repercussions were enormous and contributed substantially to the demise of Rome’s first ruling dynasty, the Julio-Claudians. His books have been translated into French, German, Italian, Spanish, Russian, Czech, Estonian and Chinese. He has also produced translations and commentaries on Classical and Renaissance authors.

A participant in archaeological excavations in Britain, he has written a number of articles on Roman Britain, and from 1988-2003 he directed the Archaeological Training Excavation at the Lunt Roman Fort near Coventry, England, which exposed the northern section of the western defences of the fort.

While in Vancouver, he was a member of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada and has written on ancient astronomy. He showed that a supposedly modern standard observation technique, “averted vision,” was recorded nearly two and half thousand years ago by Aristotle. He also developed an interest in the architect Francis Rattenbury, designer of some of the major landmarks of British Columbia, and co-authored a major study of his career, as well as a Penguin volume on Rattenbury and the murder trial that followed his death, co-authored with the Attorney General of England and Wales, Sir Michael Havers (Baron Havers).

## Books

* *The Emperor Caligula in the Ancient Sources*. Coauthored by John Yardley. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2023.
* *Rome is Burning: Nero and the Fire that Ended a Dynasty.* Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2020.
* *The Emperor Nero: a Guide to the Ancient Sources.* Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2016. coauthored by John Yardley and Elaine Fantham.
* *Caligula: the Abuse of Power.* London: Routledge, 2015.
* *Revised Edition of Caligula: the Corruption of Power.* New Haven: Yale University Press, 1990.
* *Velleius Paterculus, Roman History.* Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing, 2011. Coauthored by John Yardley.
* *Tacitus, Annals* (Oxford: Oxford University Press. Oxford World’s Classics, 2008. Coauthored by John Yardley. ISBN 9780191539855.
* *Lives of the Caesars* (ed.) Oxford: Blackwell, 2008. ISBN 9781405127547.
* *Livia, First Lady of Imperial Rome*. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2002.
* *Agrippina: Sex, Power and Politics in the Early Empire.* New Haven: Yale University Press, 1996.
* J*anus Pannonius. Epigrammata.* Budapest: Corvina, 1985.
* *The Rattenbury Case*. London: Penguin Books, 1989. Coauthored by Sir Michael Havers and P. Shankland.
* *Francis Rattenbury and British Columbia.* Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1983. Coauthored by R. Liscombe.

## InfoBox

| Anthony Arthur Barrett | |
| --- | --- |
| Barrett in 2022 | |
| Born | (1941-07-30) July 30, 1941<br>Worthing, England |
| Citizenship | British, Canadian |
| Education |  |
| Occupation | Classical Scholar |


abstract: This is a list of electoral results for the Templestowe Province in Victorian state elections.

text:
# Electoral results for the Templestowe Province

This is a list of **electoral results for the Templestowe Province** in Victorian state elections.

## Members for Templestowe Province

| Member 1 | | Party | Year |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Vasey Houghton | Liberal | **1967** | Member 2 | | Party |
| | | | **1970** |  | Raymond Garrett | Liberal |
| | | | | **1973** |
| | | | **1976** |  | Ralph Howard | Liberal |
| | | | | **1979** |
| | | | **1982** |  | Mike Arnold | Labor |
|  | | | | John Miles | Liberal | **1985** |
| | | | **1988** |  | Bruce Skeggs | Liberal |
|  | | | | Bill Forwood | Liberal | **1992** |
| | | | **1996** |  | Carlo Furletti | Liberal |
| | | | | **1999** |
| | | | **2002** |  | Lidia Argondizzo | Labor |

## Election results

### Elections in the 2000s

2002 Victorian state election: Templestowe Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Lidia Argondizzo | 56,952 | 43.5 | +42.1 |
|  | Liberal | Carlo Furletti | 54,670 | 41.7 | -11.8 |
|  | Greens | Robyn Roberts | 17,469 | 13.3 | -21.5 |
|  | Independent | Reginald Temple | 1,079 | 0.8 | +0.8 |
|  | Hope | Lee-Anne Poynton | 893 | 0.7 | +0.7 |
| Total formal votes | | | 131,063 | 96.2 | −0.8 |
| Informal votes | | | 5,195 | 3.8 | +0.8 |
| Turnout | | | 136,258 | 93.7 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Lidia Argondizzo | 70,611 | 53.9 | +9.6 |
|  | Liberal | Carlo Furletti | 60,452 | 46.1 | -9.6 |
|  | Labor **gain** from Liberal | | **Swing** | +9.6 |  |

### Elections in the 1990s

1999 Victorian state election: Templestowe Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Bill Forwood | 69,383 | 53.5 | -1.3 |
|  | Greens | Robyn Evans | 46,776 | 36.1 | +36.1 |
|  | Democrats | Bernie Millane | 13,568 | 10.5 | +1.8 |
| Total formal votes | | | 129,727 | 97.0 | −0.7 |
| Informal votes | | | 3,944 | 3.0 | +0.7 |
| Turnout | | | 133,671 | 93.3 |  |
| Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Bill Forwood | 72,294 | 55.7 | -3.5 |
|  | Greens | Robyn Evans | 57,426 | 44.3 | +44.3 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | -3.5 |  |

1996 Victorian state election: Templestowe Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Carlo Furletti | 70,405 | 54.8 | -4.7 |
|  | Labor | Heather Garth | 45,196 | 35.2 | +0.4 |
|  | Democrats | Angela Carter | 11,079 | 8.6 | +8.6 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Frances Murphy | 1,867 | 1.5 | -1.2 |
| Total formal votes | | | 128,547 | 97.7 | +1.8 |
| Informal votes | | | 3,001 | 2.3 | −1.8 |
| Turnout | | | 131,548 | 94.8 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Carlo Furletti | 75,925 | 59.2 | -2.5 |
|  | Labor | Heather Garth | 52,392 | 40.8 | +2.5 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | -2.5 |  |

1992 Victorian state election: Templestowe Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Bill Forwood | 73,029 | 59.4 | +8.1 |
|  | Labor | Desmond Johnson | 42,734 | 34.8 | -13.8 |
|  | Independent | Richard Fitzherbert | 3,899 | 3.2 | +3.2 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Valda McCarthy | 3,231 | 2.6 | +2.6 |
| Total formal votes | | | 122,893 | 95.9 | 0.0 |
| Informal votes | | | 5,190 | 4.1 | 0.0 |
| Turnout | | | 128,083 | 95.6 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Bill Forwood | 75,741 | 61.7 | +10.3 |
|  | Labor | Desmond Johnson | 47,032 | 38.3 | -10.3 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | +10.3 |  |

### Elections in the 1980s

1988 Victorian state election: Templestowe Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Bruce Skeggs | 59,288 | 52.5 | +2.8 |
|  | Labor | Mike Arnold | 53,664 | 47.5 | +5.5 |
| Total formal votes | | | 112,952 | 96.1 | −1.4 |
| Informal votes | | | 4,586 | 3.9 | +1.4 |
| Turnout | | | 117,538 | 93.3 | −0.6 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | -0.3 |  |

1985 Victorian state election: Templestowe Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | John Miles | 53,726 | 49.7 |  |
|  | Labor | Gary Greenway | 45,433 | 42.0 |  |
|  | Democrats | Kenneth Peak | 8,917 | 8.3 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 108,076 | 97.5 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 2,756 | 2.5 |  |
| Turnout | | | 110,832 | 93.9 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | John Miles | 57,104 | 52.8 | +2.3 |
|  | Labor | Gary Greenway | 50,958 | 47.2 | -2.3 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | +2.3 |  |

1982 Victorian state election: Templestowe Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Mike Arnold | 57,302 | 48.1 | -1.4 |
|  | Liberal | Ralph Howard | 51,098 | 42.9 | -7.6 |
|  | Democrats | Geoffrey Loftus-Hills | 10,701 | 9.0 | +9.0 |
| Total formal votes | | | 119,901 | 97.7 | +0.3 |
| Informal votes | | | 2,818 | 2.3 | −0.3 |
| Turnout | | | 121,919 | 93.8 | +0.3 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Mike Arnold | 62,946 | 52.9 | +3.4 |
|  | Liberal | Ralph Howard | 56,155 | 47.1 | -3.4 |
|  | Labor **gain** from Liberal | | **Swing** | +3.4 |  |

### Elections in the 1970s

1979 Victorian state election: Templestowe Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Vasey Houghton | 56,059 | 50.5 | -7.3 |
|  | Labor | Mike Arnold | 54,881 | 49.5 | +7.3 |
| Total formal votes | | | 110,940 | 97.4 | −0.2 |
| Informal votes | | | 2,934 | 2.6 | +0.2 |
| Turnout | | | 113,874 | 93.5 | +0.5 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | -7.3 |  |

1976 Victorian state election: Templestowe Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Ralph Howard | 60,572 | 57.8 |  |
|  | Labor | Pauline Toner | 44,172 | 42.2 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 104,744 | 97.6 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 2,516 | 2.4 |  |
| Turnout | | | 107,260 | 93.0 |  |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** |  |  |

1973 Victorian state election: Templestowe Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Vasey Houghton | 78,711 | 47.6 | +5.9 |
|  | Labor | Frederick Davis | 62,586 | 37.8 | -5.5 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Christopher Curtis | 13,418 | 8.1 | -6.8 |
|  | Australia | Geoffrey Loftus-Hills | 10,743 | 6.5 | +6.5 |
| Total formal votes | | | 165,458 | 96.8 | −0.1 |
| Informal votes | | | 5,408 | 3.2 | +0.1 |
| Turnout | | | 170,866 | 93.6 | −1.3 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Vasey Houghton |  | 58.4 | +3.0 |
|  | Labor | Frederick Davis |  | 41.6 | -3.0 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | +3.0 |  |

1970 Victorian state election: Templestowe Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Neville Telfer | 59,093 | 43.3 | +4.2 |
|  | Liberal | Raymond Garrett | 56,987 | 41.7 | -5.1 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Ernest Dobson | 20,466 | 14.9 | +0.7 |
| Total formal votes | | | 136,546 | 96.9 | −0.2 |
| Informal votes | | | 4,349 | 3.1 | +0.2 |
| Turnout | | | 140,895 | 94.9 | +0.5 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Raymond Garrett | 75,708 | 55.4 | -3.9 |
|  | Labor | Neville Telfer | 60,838 | 44.6 | +3.9 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | -3.9 |  |

### Elections in the 1960s

1967 Victorian state election: Templestowe Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Vasey Houghton | 54,559 | 46.8 |  |
|  | Labor | Ian Stewart | 45,597 | 39.1 |  |
|  | Democratic Labor | Leo Morison | 16,549 | 14.2 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 116,705 | 97.1 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 3,457 | 2.9 |  |
| Turnout | | | 120,162 | 94.4 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Vasey Houghton | 69,224 | 59.3 |  |
|  | Labor | Ian Stewart | 47,481 | 40.8 |  |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** |  |  |


title: 130th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)

abstract: 130th Division The 130th Division was an infantry division of the Imperial Japanese Army. Its call sign was the Shoki Division. It was formed 12 April 1945 in Daya Bay as a type C(hei) security division, simultaneously with the 129th division. The nucleus for the formation was the parts of the 19th Independent Mixed Brigade.

text:
# 130th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)

The **130th Division** (第130師団, *Dai-hyakusanjū Shidan*) was an infantry division of the Imperial Japanese Army. Its call sign was the **Shoki Division** (鍾馗兵団, *Shoki Heidan*). It was formed 12 April 1945 in Daya Bay as a type C(hei) security division, simultaneously with the 129th division. The nucleus for the formation was the parts of the 19th Independent Mixed Brigade.

## Action

The 93rd infantry brigade was garrisoning Zhongshan while 94th infantry brigade (organized 5 May 1945) was garrisoning Shantou.

Parts of the *130th division* were sent to Shunde District for labour in October 1945. The bulk of *130th division* was evacuated back to Japan in March - April 1946, arriving to Tanabe, Wakayama and Kagoshima. The headquarters of the *130th division* have departed Port of Humen 26 March 1946, arrived to Uraga, Kanagawa 2 April 1946, and were dissolved 5 April 1946.

## Notes and references

* This article incorporates material from Japanese Wikipedia page 第130師団 (日本軍), accessed 5 July 2016
* Madej, W. Victor, *Japanese Armed Forces Order of Battle*, 1937–1945 \[2 vols\], Allentown, PA: 1981.

## InfoBox

| 130th Division | |
| --- | --- |
| 第130師団 | |
| Active | 1945–1945 |
| Country | Empire of Japan |
| Allegiance | 23rd army |
| Branch | Imperial Japanese Army |
| Type | Infantry |
| Garrison/HQ | Panyu District |
| Nickname(s) | Shoki division |
| Engagements | none |


title: 1932–33 Hibernian F.C. season

text:
# 1932–33 Hibernian F.C. season

During the 1932–33 season Hibernian, a football club based in Edinburgh, came first out of 20 clubs in the Scottish Second Division and won promotion to the Scottish First Division.

## Scottish Second Division

| Match Day | Date | Opponent | H/A | Score | Hibernian Scorer(s) | Attendance |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 13 August | Dundee United |  | 2–0 |  | 10,000 |
| 2 | 20 August | Albion Rovers |  | 0–2 |  | 3,000 |
| 3 | 24 August | Montrose |  | 4–1 |  | 3,000 |
| 4 | 27 August | East Fife |  | 2–1 |  | 8,000 |
| 5 | 3 September | Dunfermline Athletic |  | 2–2 |  | 2,500 |
| 6 | 10 September | Leith Athletic |  | 3–0 |  | 7,000 |
| 7 | 15 September | Armadale |  | 4–2 |  | 1,000 |
| 8 | 17 September | Brechin City |  | 4–2 |  | 2,000 |
| 9 | 24 September | King's Park |  | 0–1 |  | 4,000 |
| 10 | 1 October | Arbroath |  | 3–0 |  | 2,000 |
| 11 | 8 October | Bo'ness |  | 7–0 |  | 3,000 |
| 12 | 15 October | Edinburgh City |  | 4–0 |  | 4,000 |
| 13 | 22 October | Alloa Athletic |  | 3–0 |  | 1,500 |
| 14 | 29 October | Raith Rovers |  | 2–1 |  | 15,000 |
| 15 | 5 November | Montrose |  | 3–1 |  | 2,000 |
| 16 | 12 November | Armadale |  | 8–2 |  | 4,000 |
| 17 | 19 November | St Bernard's |  | 1–0 |  | 15,000 |
| 18 | 26 November | Stenhousemuir |  | 4–1 |  | 6,000 |
| 19 | 3 December | Dumbarton |  | 2–3 |  | 2,000 |
| 20 | 10 December | Queen of the South |  | 0–0 |  | 6,000 |
| 21 | 17 December | Forfar Athletic |  | 2–0 |  | 4,000 |
| 22 | 24 December | Dundee United |  | 2–0 |  | 3,500 |
| 23 | 31 December | Albion Rovers |  | 2–1 |  | 7,000 |
| 24 | 2 January | Leith Athletic |  | 1–0 |  | 10,000 |
| 25 | 3 January | Brechin City |  | 3–1 |  | 4,000 |
| 26 | 7 January | East Fife |  | 5–0 |  | 3,000 |
| 27 | 14 January | Dunfermline Athletic |  | 3–1 |  | 10,000 |
| 28 | 28 January | King's Park |  | 0–0 |  | 3,000 |
| 29 | 11 February | Arbroath |  | 2–0 |  | 6,000 |
| 30 | 18 February | Edinburgh City |  | 7–1 |  | 1,500 |
| 31 | 11 March | Alloa Athletic |  | 1–0 |  | 5,000 |
| 32 | 18 March | Raith Rovers |  | 2–1 |  | 2,500 |
| 33 | 25 March | St Bernard's |  | 4–1 |  | 8,000 |
| 34 | 8 April | Stenhousemuir |  | 2–3 |  | 2,500 |
| 35 | 15 April | Dumbarton |  | 1–0 |  | 3,000 |
| 36 | 22 April | Queen of the South |  | 1–2 |  | 10,000 |
| 37 | 29 April | Forfar Athletic |  | 3–3 |  | 1,500 |

### Final League table

| P | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Hibernian | 37 | 28 | 4 | 5 | 99 | 33 | 66 | **60** |
| 2 | Queen of the South | 35 | 21 | 9 | 5 | 103 | 59 | 44 | **51** |
| 3 | Dunfermline Athletic | 35 | 21 | 7 | 7 | 98 | 45 | 53 | **49** |

Armadale & Bo'ness were expelled from the Scottish Football League for failing to meet match guarantees; their records were expunged.

### Scottish Cup

| Round | Date | Opponent | H/A | Score | Hibernian Scorer(s) | Attendance |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| R1 | 21 January | Forfar Athletic |  | 2–2 |  | 8,000 |
| R1 R | 26 January | Forfar Athletic |  | 3–7 |  | 1,700 |
| R2 | 4 February | Aberdeen |  | 1–1 |  | 16,262 |
| R2 R | 8 February | Aberdeen |  | 1–0 |  | 23,790 |
| R3 | 18 February | Bye into R4 |  |  |  |  |
| R4 | 4 March | Heart of Midlothian |  | 0–0 |  | 33,579 |
| R4 R | 8 March | Heart of Midlothian |  | 0–2 |  | 41,034 |

## InfoBox

Hibernian
| 1932–33 season | |
| --- | --- |
| Manager | Bobby Templeton |
| Scottish Second Division | 1st |
| Scottish Cup | R4 |
| Average home league attendance | 6,236 (up 2,184) |
|  | |


title: 1944–1946 Bolivian National Convention

abstract: The Bolivian Constituent Assembly 1944–1946 was elected on 2 July 1944.

text:
# 1944–1946 Bolivian National Convention

The **Bolivian Constituent Assembly 1944–1946** was elected on 2 July 1944.

## Chamber of Deputies

| Deputy no |
| --- |
| Abel Reyes Ortiz | PSU | Beni |
| Abelardo Villalpando Retamozo | PIR | Potosí |
| Adolfo Torres Carpió | ??? | Potosí |
| Alberto Lavadenz Ribera | MNR | Pando |
| Alberto Mendoza López | PSI | La Paz |
| Alberto Salinas López | PSU | Chuquisaca |
| Alfonso Finot | MNR | La Paz |
| Alfredo Mendizábal | PIR | Cochabamba |
| Angel Balcázar | PSI | Beni |
| Angel Mendizábal | PL | Oruro |
| Anibal Zamorano | MNR | Cochabamba |
| Antonio Munguia | PSU | Beni |
| Ariel Morales | MNR | Chuquisaca |
| Augusto Céspedes Patzi | MNR | Potosí |
| Augusto Guzmán | PSI | Cochabamba |
| Bailón Rivera | MNR | Pando |
| Camilo Marin Murillo | ??? | La Paz |
| Carlos Ibáñez | ??? | Santa Cruz |
| Carlos Morales Avila | MNR | Tarija |
| Carmelo Céspedes | ??? | Potosí |
| Ceferino Mercado | MNR | Santa Cruz |
| Crisanto Valverde | PL | Beni |
| Custodio Machicao | ??? | La Paz |
| Daniel Bailón Saravia | ??? | La Paz |
| Daniel Bedregal | Ind. | La Paz |
| Donato Millán | ??? | La Paz |
| Edmundo Roca | MNR | Santa Cruz |
| Eduardo Arze Quiroga | MNR | Cochabamba |
| Emigdio Alcalá | ??? | Potosí |
| Emilio Carvajal | MNR | Oruro |
| Enrique Bánzer | ??? | Pando |
| Enrique Costas | MNR | Potosí |
| Enrique Herrero | ??? | Oruro |
| Ernesto Segundo Villarreal | MNR | Oruro |
| Eufronio Hinojosa | MNR | Cochabamba |
| Eulogio Ruíz | ??? | Tarija |
| Felipe Mendieta Santiváñez | ??? | Chuquisaca |
| Felipe Middgah | MNR | Santa Cruz |
| Félix Eguino Zaballa | PSU | La Paz |
| Francisco Cors | ??? | Oruro |
| Francisco Mealla Ruíz | MNR | Tarija |
| Franz Tamayo | PRG | La Paz |
| Germán Chávez | PL | Pando |
| Germán Monroy Block | MNR | La Paz |
| Gil Coimbra | ??? | Beni |
| Gilfredo Cortéz Candia | PSI | Beni |
| Gregorio Mendizábal | ??? | Chuquisaca |
| Gualberto Olmos Arrazolc | MNR | Cochabamba |
| Gualberto Pedrazas | PIR | Potosí |
| Gualberto Terrazas | ??? | Pando |
| Gumercindo Villarroel | ??? | Cochabamba |
| Heberto Añez | MNR | Santa Cruz |
| Héctor Fernández | MNR | Cochabamba |
| Heriberto Trigo Paz | PIR | Tarija |
| Hernán Flor Medina | ??? | Cochabamba |
| Hernán Siles Zuazo | MNR | La Paz |
| Hugo Bohórquez Ramírez | PIR | Potosí |
| Hugo Pizarro Aráoz | ??? | Tarija |
| Humberto Duchén | PL | Potosí |
| Isaac Salazar | PSU | La Paz |
| Isaías Landívar Serrate | ??? | Santa Cruz |
| Israel Camacho | ??? | La Paz |
| Jorge Aráoz Campero | MNR | Tarija |
| Jorge Velarde Cronembold | ??? | Santa Cruz |
| José Alberto Villegas | ??? | Potosí |
| José Antonio Arze | PIR | La Paz |
| José Armando Torrico | ??? | Chuquisaca |
| José Enrique Peña | ??? | Cochabamba |
| José Fausto Reinaga | MNR | Potosí |
| José Manuel Pando | PL | Potosí |
| José María Rivera | ??? | Chuquisaca |
| José Ramírez Velarde | ??? | Cochabamba |
| José Rosa Torrico | ??? | Cochabamba |
| Juan Arancibia | ??? | Chuquisaca |
| Juan Manuel Hurtado | ??? | Beni |
| Julián Montellano | MNR | Oruro |
| Julio Alvarado | PL | Chuquisaca |
| Julio Zuazo Cuenca | PSI | La Paz |
| Luis Iturralde Chinel | PSI | La Paz |
| Luis Ponce Lozada | PRG | Cochabamba |
| Mario Flores | ??? | Santa Cruz |
| Maximiano Rodríguez | ??? | Beni |
| Modesto Garnica | ??? | Oruro |
| Napoleón Bilbao Rioja | ??? | Potosí |
| Octavio Lazo de la Vega | ??? | Potosí |
| Oscar Donoso López | MNR | Tarija |
| Oscar Mealla Avilés | ??? | Tarija |
| Oswaldo Gutiérrez | PSI | Santa Cruz |
| Ovidio Barbery Justiniano | MNR | Santa Cruz |
| Pablo Saucedo Barbery | PL | Pando |
| Pedro Zilveti Arce | PRS | Chuquisaca |
| Rafael Cardenio Campos | ??? | Chuquisaca |
| Rafaél Otazo Vargas | MNR | La Paz |
| Raúl Laguna Lozada | PSU | Chuquisaca |
| Raúl Otero Reiche | MNR | Santa Cruz |
| Raúl Tovar Villa | MNR | Chuquisaca |
| Ricardo Anaya Arze | PIR | Cochabamba |
| Roberto Jordán Cuéllar | PSU | Pando |
| Rodolfo Landívar Serrate | PL | Santa Cruz |
| Rodolfo Palenque | MNR | Oruro |
| Rodolfo Soriano | PSU | Cochabamba |
| Rodolfo Villafuerte | MNR | La Paz |
| Romelio Salvador | ??? | Potosí |
| Secundino Ugarte | ??? | Tarija |
| Teodoro Mercado Z. | MNR | Cochabamba |
| Tomás Chávez Lobatón | ind | La Paz |
| Urbano Escobar | ??? | Cochabamba |
| Vito Prado | MNR | Santa Cruz |
| Waldo Belmonte Pool | PRS | La Paz |
| Walter Guevara Arce | MNR | Potosí |

## Chamber of Senators

| Senator | Party | Department |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Abel Pacheco | PL | Pando |
| Alfredo Jordán | PL | Pando |
| Antonio Velasco Avila | PSI | Beni |
| Arturo Pacheco | MNR | La Paz |
| Atilio Molina Pantoja | MNR | Tarija |
| Bernardo Navajas Trigo | PL | Tarija |
| Dionisio Foianini | MNR | Santa Cruz |
| Eduardo Salinas Baldivieso | MNR | Oruro |
| Enrique Aponte | MNR | Santa Cruz |
| Fabio Soria Galvarro | ??? | Potosí |
| Félix Capriles | PSU | Cochabamba |
| Gabriel Palenque | PL | Oruro |
| Guillermo Alborta | MNR | Oruro |
| José Ferrufino | ??? | Cochabamba |
| Jose Luis Lanza | PL | La Paz |
| Julio Arauco Prado | PL | Cochabamba |
| Justino Daza Ondarza | ??? | Potosí |
| Lucas Saucedo Sevilla | ??? | Santa Cruz |
| Luis Calvo | PRG | Chuquisaca |
| Luis Saavedra Suárez | PSI | Beni |
| Mamerto Urriolagoitia | PSI | Chuquisaca |
| Manuel Frontaura Argandoña | ??? | Potosí |
| Napoleón Solares Arias | PL | Pando |
| Roberto Prudencio | MNR | La Paz |
| Román Rivera | PL | Chuquisaca |
| Rómulo Arano Peredo | PRS | Beni |
| Víctor Paz Estenssoro | MNR | Tarija |

MNR – Revolutionary Nationalist Movement.

PL – Liberal Party.

PIR – Revolutionary Left Party.

PSU – United Socialist Party.

PRS – Socialist Republican Party.

PRG – Genuine Republican Party.

PSI – Independent Socialist Party.

ind – independent.


title: 1952 Peruvian Primera División

abstract: The 1952 season of the Peruvian Primera División, the top category of Peruvian football, was played by 10 teams. The national champions were Alianza Lima.

text:
# 1952 Peruvian Primera División

The **1952 season of the Peruvian Primera División**, the top category of Peruvian football, was played by 10 teams. The national champions were Alianza Lima.

## Teams

### Team changes

| Promoted from
1951 Segunda División | Relegated from
1951 Primera División |
| --- | --- |
| Association Chorrillos (1st) | Unión Callao (10th) |

### Stadia locations

| Team | City |
| --- | --- |
| Alianza Lima | La Victoria, Lima |
| Association Chorrillos | Chorrillos, Lima |
| Atlético Chalaco | Callao |
| Centro Iqueño | Cercado de Lima |
| Ciclista Lima | Cercado de Lima |
| Deportivo Municipal | Cercado de Lima |
| Mariscal Sucre | La Victoria, Lima |
| Sport Boys | Callao |
| Sporting Tabaco | Rímac, Lima |
| Universitario | Breña, Lima |

## League table

### Standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Alianza Lima | 18 | 12 | 3 | 3 | 57 | 30 | +27 | 27 | Champions |
| 2 | Sport Boys | 18 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 41 | 33 | +8 | 22 |  |
| 3 | Sporting Tabaco | 18 | 9 | 4 | 5 | 38 | 34 | +4 | | 22 |
| 4 | Ciclista Lima | 18 | 9 | 2 | 7 | 45 | 44 | +1 | | 20 |
| 5 | Centro Iqueño | 18 | 8 | 3 | 7 | 38 | 34 | +4 | | 19 |
| 6 | Mariscal Sucre | 18 | 8 | 2 | 8 | 36 | 37 | 1 | | 18 |
| 7 | Universitario | 18 | 7 | 2 | 9 | 36 | 36 | 0 | | 16 |
| 8 | Deportivo Municipal | 18 | 6 | 3 | 9 | 45 | 44 | +1 | | 15 |
| 9 | Atlético Chalaco | 18 | 5 | 2 | 11 | 33 | 44 | 11 | | 12 |
| 10 | Association Chorrillos | 18 | 3 | 3 | 12 | 22 | 55 | 33 | 9 | 1953 Segunda División |

Source:

## InfoBox

Peruvian Primera División
| Season | 1952 |
| --- | --- |
| Dates | 23 August 1952 –
11 January 1953 |
| Champions | Alianza Lima |
| Relegated | Association Chorrillos |
| 1951 1953 | |


title: Eisha Marjara

abstract: Eisha Marjara is a Canadian film director and writer. With a background in photography, Marjara has written and directed several award-winning films, including the feature documentary Desperately Seeking Helen (1998) and The Incredible Shrinking Woman (1994). In addition to her film work, her photo series and essay on the bombing of Air India Flight 182, in which her mother and sister were killed, entitled "Remember me Nought" was featured in the fall 2013 issue of Descant magazine. Her 2016 debut novel, titled Faerie, received a star review in Publishers Weekly.

text:
# Eisha Marjara

**Eisha Marjara** is a Canadian film director and writer. With a background in photography, Marjara has written and directed several award-winning films, including the feature documentary *Desperately Seeking Helen* (1998) and *The Incredible Shrinking Woman* (1994).

In addition to her film work, her photo series and essay on the bombing of Air India Flight 182, in which her mother and sister were killed, entitled "Remember me Nought" was featured in the fall 2013 issue of *Descant* magazine.

Her 2016 debut novel, titled *Faerie* (Arsenal Pulp Press), received a star review in *Publishers Weekly*.

## Career

Marjara's 1998 National Film Board of Canada docudrama *Desperately Seeking Helen* received critical acclaim and brought her international recognition. The movie depicts Marjara on a journey to India, exploring her own Indian roots by following the career of acclaimed Bollywood movie star and vamp Helen Richardson Khan. The movie received the jury award of the Munich Documentary Film Festival in 2000 as well as the Prix de La Semaine Critique at the Locarno International Film Festival the same year.

Marjara's Canadian-German co-production *The Tourist*, a short film, had its first showing at the 24th Rendez-vous du Cinéma Québécois in 2006.

In 2017 Marjara completed the feature film *Venus*, a dramedy about a 30-something professional who transitions into a woman then discovers that she is the father of a fourteen-year-old boy. The 95 minute film was produced by Joe Balass of Compass Productions Inc. and executive producer Kevin Tierney (*Bon Cop, Bad Cop*). It premiered at the British Film Institute at their Southbank event in June 2018. *Venus* was inspired by her short film *House for Sale*.

In 2022, Marjara wrote and directed the film *Calorie*.

Marjare has been a member of the NFB/ ONF Creation group of directors.

## Personal life

Marjara is the daughter of father Dr. Harinder Singh Marjara, and mother Devinder. She had two sisters, Seema and Amita. She grew up in Trois-Rivières, Quebec, and she lived in Trois-Rivières, Sainte-Foy, and Montreal. She attended Concordia University, enrolled in Communications Studies.

Her mother and her sister, Seema, were killed in the bombing of Air India Flight 182; they had been flying to visit relatives. Seema had just graduated from Centennial Regional High School. Eisha was not on board because she was being treated for anorexia nervosa, and her father was teaching a summer course at the time. Both Eisha and Amita Marjara along with father Harinder were interview subjects of the 2008 documentary *Air India 182*.

Marjara, along with her family, is Sikh.

## Filmography

* *The Incredible Shrinking Woman* (1994)
* *Desperately Seeking Helen* (1999)
* *The Tourist* (2006)
* *Lolita Diaries* (2008)
* *House for Sale* (2012)
* *Un Mot tel Idéal* (2016)
* *Venus* (2017)
* *Calorie* (2022)

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Eisha Marjara | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada |
| Nationality | Canadian |
| Education | Concordia University |
| Occupation(s) | Film director, writer |
| Years active | 1994–present |
| Notable work | *Desperately Seeking Helen* |
| Website | http://www.eishamarjara.com |


title: African leaffish

abstract: the African leaffish is a species of African leaffish native to fresh waters of western Africa. Although placed in the family Nandidae by FishBase and by the 5th Edition of Fishes of the World many recent authorities place Polycentropsis in Polycentridae. This species grows to a length of 8 centimetres (3.1 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade. This species is the only known member of its genus.

text:
# African leaffish

the **African leaffish** (*Polycentropsis abbreviata*) is a species of African leaffish native to fresh waters of western Africa. Although placed in the family Nandidae by FishBase and by the 5th Edition of *Fishes of the World* many recent authorities place *Polycentropsis* in Polycentridae.

This species grows to a length of 8 centimetres (3.1 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade. This species is the only known member of its genus.

## InfoBox

| African leaffish | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Family: | Nandidae |
| Genus: | *Polycentropsis*
Boulenger, 1901 |
| Species: | ***P. abbreviata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Polycentropsis abbreviata***
Boulenger, 1901 | |
|


title: Andre Levingston

abstract: Andre Levingston is an American entrepreneur and basketball coach. He was formerly an auto detailer and schoolteacher. He is a co-founder of the National Basketball League of Canada (NBL) and most recently served as the owner and president of the Halifax Rainmen. Levingston has experience as the president of the Premier Basketball League (PBL).

text:
# Andre Levingston

**Andre Levingston** is an American entrepreneur and basketball coach. He was formerly an auto detailer and schoolteacher. He is a co-founder of the National Basketball League of Canada (NBL) and most recently served as the owner and president of the Halifax Rainmen. Levingston has experience as the president of the Premier Basketball League (PBL).

## Early life

Levingston was brought up in Detroit, Michigan in the 1970s. He attended California State University, Chico, where he played college basketball at the NCAA Division III level. He graduated from school with a degree in child psychology. This led him to becoming a schoolteacher. Among his first jobs was teaching fourth grade at the Paul Robeson Academy, a predominantly male African American school in his hometown of Detroit. He said, "We were losing too many black boys to the streets, to violence, to jail. There were a lot of single parents, women ran homes, and when (kids) came to school it was all women. We wanted them to see positive men. It was an amazing school, one of the best things I've ever been a part of."

Levingston later became an entrepreneur and moved to Toronto, Ontario, where he owned a restaurant and a car custom shop with Toronto Raptors player Morris Peterson. At this time, Levingston was requested to create a professional basketball team in Mississauga, but he decided that he would start one in Halifax, Nova Scotia, a city that he and his business partners felt had more potential. He became convinced after meeting Halifax mayor Peter J. Kelly.

## Career

Levingston then served as the owner and president of the Rainmen in the 2007–08 season, when the team played in the American Basketball Association (ABA). He continued to hold the position as his team moved to the Premier Basketball League (PBL).

## Personal

Levingston has two sons, Stephon and Tyrone. In sixth grade, Stephon was adopted by Levingston. Tyrone attempted to establish a professional basketball franchise based in Sydney, Nova Scotia in the National Basketball League of Canada (NBL) in the fall of 2015. However, he failed to properly finance the Cape Breton team and they would not compete in the 2015–16 season. He has since funded the team and they have played in Cape Breton, 2018- 2019 is their third season.

## InfoBox

| Andre Levingston | |
| --- | --- |
| Levingston watches a Rainmen game in 2008 | |
| Born | Detroit, Michigan, U.S. |
| Alma mater | California State University, Chico |
| Occupation(s) | Businessman, entrepreneur |


title: Dębsko, Łódź Voivodeship

abstract: Dębsko is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wolbórz, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland.

text:
# Dębsko, Łódź Voivodeship

**Dębsko** \[ˈdɛmpskɔ\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wolbórz, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland.

## InfoBox

| Dębsko | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Dębsko | |
| Coordinates: 51°27′31″N 19°54′11″E / 51.45861°N 19.90306°E / 51.45861; 19.90306 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Łódź |
| County | Piotrków |
| Gmina | Wolbórz |


title: 1944–45 BSC Young Boys season

abstract: The 1944–45 season was the 45th season in the history of Berner Sport Club Young Boys. The team played their home games at Stadion Wankdorf in Bern.

text:
# 1944–45 BSC Young Boys season

The **1944–45 season** was the 45th season in the history of Berner Sport Club Young Boys. The team played their home games at Stadion Wankdorf in Bern.

## Overview

Young Boys achieved a third place finish in the Nationalliga and reached the finals of the Swiss Cup where they beat FC St. Gallen 2-0 on April 2, 1945. The club started strong in the Nationalliga season, keeping their non-losing streak for 16 consecutive games before losing 2-1 to FC Biel-Bienne. The team's top scorer was Eugen "Genia" Walaschek who ended the season with 11 goals.

## Players

* Maurice Glur
* Hans Flühmann
* Louis Gobet
* Albert Stoll
* Eugène Walaschek
* Hans Liniger
* Fritz Knecht
* Walter Streun
* Hans Trachsel
* Willy Bernhard
* José Puigventos

## Friendlies

Win   Draw   Loss

| 10 September 1944 Friendly | **Young Boys** | **3–1** | **Zürich** | Bern |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stadion Wankdorf
Attendance: 1,500
Referee: Paul von Wartburg |

## Competitions

### Overall record

| Competition | First match | Last match | Starting round | Final position | Record | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | | | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Win % |
| Nationalliga A | 24 September 1944 | 1 July 1945 | Matchday 1 | 3rd | 26 | 13 | 8 | 5 | 37 | 30 | +7 | 050.00 |
| Swiss Cup | 24 December 1944 | 2 April 1945 | Round of 32 | Winners | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 22 | 4 | +18 | 083.33 |
| Total | | | | | 32 | 18 | 9 | 5 | 59 | 34 | +25 | 056.25 |

Source: Competitions

### Nationalliga A

#### League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Grasshopper Club Zürich | 26 | 18 | 5 | 3 | 78 | 39 | +39 | 41 |
| 2 | FC Lugano | 26 | 15 | 4 | 7 | 55 | 36 | +19 | 34 |
| 3 | BSC Young Boys | 26 | 13 | 8 | 5 | 37 | 30 | +7 | 34 |
| 4 | FC Grenchen | 26 | 13 | 7 | 6 | 37 | 29 | +8 | 33 |
| 5 | Lausanne Sports | 26 | 15 | 2 | 9 | 58 | 39 | +19 | 32 |

Source: rsssf.com

#### Matches

| 24 September 1944 Round 2 | **Young Boys** | **4–4** | **Zürich** | Bern |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stadion Wankdorf
Attendance: 2,500
Referee:  Mario Grassi |

| 1 October 1944 Round 3 | **St. Gallen** | **0–0** | **Young Boys** | St. Gallen |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Espenmoos
Attendance: 1,500
Referee:  Armand Merlotti |

| 8 October 1944 Round 4 | **Young Boys** | **2–2** | **Biel-Bienne** | Bern |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stadion Wankdorf
Attendance: 3,000
Referee:  Leopold Schmidsberger |

| 15 October 1944 Round 5 | **Cantonal Neuchâtel** | **1–3** | **Young Boys** | Neuchâtel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stade de la Maladière
Attendance: 2,800
Referee:  Charles Iseli |

| 12 November 1944 Round 1 | **Bellinzona** | **0–0** | **Young Boys** | Bellinzona |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Campo via Stefano Franscini
Attendance: 3,000
Referee:  Charles Iseli |

| 22 October 1944 Round 6 | **Young Boys** | **3–2** | **Servette** | Bern |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stadion Wankdorf
Attendance: 5,000
Referee:  Hans Vogt |

| 29 October 1944 Round 7 | **Young Boys** | **1–0** | **Lausanne-Sport** | Bern |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stadion Wankdorf
Attendance: 5,000
Referee:  Alfred Schmoll |

| 5 November 1944 Round 8 | **Lugano** | **0–0** | **Young Boys** | Lugano |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Campo Marzio
Attendance: 3,500
Referee:  Rosenbaum |

| 19 November 1944 Round 9 | **Young Boys** | **1–0** | **Grasshopper Club Zürich** | Bern |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stadion Wankdorf
Attendance: 8,000
Referee:  Jean Lutz |

| 26 November 1944 Round 10 | **Young Fellows Zürich** | **1–2** | **Young Boys** | Zürich |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Letzigrund
Attendance: 7,000
Referee:  Walter Häring |

| 10 December 1944 Round 11 | **Young Boys** | **0–0** | **Grenchen** | Bern |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stadion Wankdorf
Attendance: 7,000
Referee:  Hans Vogt |

| 17 December 1944 Round 12 | **La Chaux-de-Fonds** | **0–1** | **Young Boys** | La Chaux-de-Fonds |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stade de la Charrière
Attendance: 2,500
Referee:  Rodolphe Wittwer |

| 31 December 1944 Round 13 | **Young Boys** | **2–1** | **Basel** | Wankdorf Stadium, Bern |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14:30 | Walaschek  30' (1:0)
Trachsel  37' (2:0) | Summary | 75' (2:1) Oberer | Attendance: 3,000
Referee:  Wittwer Geneva |

| 18 March 1945 Round 14 | **Young Boys** | **3–1** | **Bellinzona** | Bern |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stadion Wankdorf
Attendance: 5,000
Referee:  Rosenbaum |

| 15 April 1945 Round 16 | **Young Boys** | **1–1** | **St. Gallen** | Bern |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stadion Wankdorf
Attendance: 3,500
Referee:  Walter Häring |

| 22 April 1945 Round 17 | **Biel-Bienne** | **2–1** | **Young Boys** | Biel/Bienne |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stadion Gurzelen
Attendance: 3,200
Referee:  Adrien Sandoz |

| 29 April 1945 Round 18 | **Young Boys** | **1–0** | **Cantonal Neuchâtel** | Bern |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stadion Wankdorf
Attendance: 3,000
Referee:  Louis Tschopp |

| 6 May 1945 Round 19 | **Servette** | **4–0** | **Young Boys** | Geneva |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stade des Charmilles
Attendance: 4,500
Referee:  Rosenbaum |

| 13 May 1945 Round 20 | **Lausanne-Sport** | **3–0** | **Young Boys** | Lausanne |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stade de la Pontaise
Attendance: 4,000
Referee:  Hans Vogt |

| 21 May 1945 Round 15 | **Zürich** | **0–3** | **Young Boys** | Zürich |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Letzigrund
Attendance: 2,500
Referee:  Jean Lutz |

| 27 May 1945 Round 21 | **Young Boys** | **2–1** | **Lugano** | Bern |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stadion Wankdorf
Attendance: 6,000
Referee:  Roger Rapin |

| 3 June 1945 Round 22 | **Grasshopper Club Zürich** | **2–1** | **Young Boys** | Zürich |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Hardturm
Attendance: 10,000
Referee:  Ernst Dörflinger |

| 10 June 1945 Round 23 | **Young Boys** | **1–0** | **Young Fellows Zürich** | Bern |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stadion Wankdorf
Attendance: 3,000
Referee:  Mario Grassi |

| 17 June 1945 Round 24 | **Grenchen** | **1–0** | **Young Boys** | Grenchen |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stadion Brühl
Attendance: 2,000
Referee:  Joseph Schürch |

| 24 June 1945 Round 25 | **Young Boys** | **1–1** | **La Chaux-de-Fonds** | Bern |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stadion Wankdorf
Attendance: 2,000
Referee:  Rodolphe Wittwer |

| 1 July 1945 Round 26 | **Basel** | **3–4** | **Young Boys** | Landhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:30 | Vonthron  (1:3)
Bader  80' (2:4)
Vonthron  (pen. 3:4) | Summary | 16' (0:1) Knecht
30' (0:2) Bernhard
62' (0:3) Walaschek
67' (1:4) Streun | Attendance: 5,000
Referee: } DörflingerGrenchen |

### Swiss Cup

| 24 December 1944 Round of 32 | **Sion** | **2–4** | **Young Boys** | Sion |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stade Tourbillon |

| 19 February 1945 Round of 16 | **Young Boys** | **10–0** | **Etoile-Sporting La Chaux-de-Fonds** | Bern |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stadion Wankdorf |

| 26 February 1945 Quarter-finals | **Grenchen** | **0–2** | **Young Boys** | Grenchen |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stadion Brühl |

| 11 March 1945 Semi-finals | **Young Fellows Zürich** | **1–1** (a.e.t.) | **Young Boys** | Zürich |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Letzigrund |

| 25 March 1945 Semi-finals replay | **Young Boys** | **0–0** (a.e.t.) | **Young Fellows Zürich** | Bern |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Stadion Wankdorf |

| 31 March 1945 Semi-finals 2nd replay | **Young Fellows Zürich** | **2–4** | **Young Boys** | Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Landhof |

## InfoBox

BSC Young Boys
| 1944–45 season | |
| --- | --- |
| Chairman | Otto Wirz |
| Manager | Béla Volentik |
| Stadium | Stadion Wankdorf |
| Nationalliga A | 3rd |
| Swiss Cup | **Winners** |
| Biggest win | Young Boys 10-0 Etoile Sporting La Chaux-de-Fonds |
| Biggest defeat | Young Boys 0-4 Servette FC |
|  | |