title: 1991 Rajya Sabha elections

abstract: Rajya Sabha elections were held on various dates in 1991, to elect members of the Rajya Sabha, Indian Parliament's upper chamber.

text:
# 1991 Rajya Sabha elections

**Rajya Sabha elections** were held on various dates in 1991, to elect members of the Rajya Sabha, Indian Parliament's upper chamber.

## Elections

Elections were held to elect members from various states.

### Members elected

The following members are elected in the elections held in 1991. They are members for the term 1991-1997 and retire in year 1997, except in case of the resignation or death before the term. *The list is incomplete.*

State - Member - Party

Rajya Sabha members for term 1991-1997
| State | Member Name | Party | Remark |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Assam | Manmohan Singh | INC | October 1 |
| Kerala | N. E. Balaram | CPI | death 16/07/1994 |
| Kerala | S.\_Ramachandran\_Pillai | CPM |  |
|
| Nominated | R K Karanjia | NOM |
|
| Puducherry | V Narayanasamy | INC |
|
|

## Bye-elections

The following bye elections were held in the year 1991.

State - Member - Party

1. Orissa - Chandra Mohan Sinha - JD ( ele 19/03/1991 term till 1992 )
2. Kerala - T. G. Balakrishna Pillai - INC ( ele 30/07/1991 term till 1992 )
3. Madhya Pradesh - Raghavji \- BJP ( ele 12/08/1991 term till 1992 )
4. Assam - Basanti Sarma \- INC ( ele 03/09/1991 term till 1996 ) dea of Dinesh Goswami of AGP on 02/06/1991
5. Karnataka - Satchidananda \- INC ( ele 03/09/1991 term till 1992 )


title: 1938–39 Southern Football League

abstract: The 1938–39 season was the 41st in the history of the Southern League. Colchester United won the title. Three clubs applied to join the Football League, although none were successful. The following season saw the league split into Eastern and Western sections as part an emergency war-time competition, after which the league was discontinued until the end of World War II.

text:
# 1938–39 Southern Football League

The **1938–39 season** was the 41st in the history of the Southern League. Colchester United won the title. Three clubs applied to join the Football League, although none were successful. The following season saw the league split into Eastern and Western sections as part an emergency war-time competition, after which the league was discontinued until the end of World War II.

## Final table

A total of 23 teams contest the division, including 17 sides from previous season, one team relegated from The Football League and five new teams.

**Team relegated from 1937–38 Football League:**

**Newly elected teams:**

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GR | Pts | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Colchester United | 44 | 31 | 5 | 8 | 110 | 37 | 2.973 | 67 | Left league at end of season |
| 2 | Guildford City | 44 | 30 | 6 | 8 | 126 | 52 | 2.423 | 66 |  |
| 3 | Gillingham | 44 | 29 | 6 | 9 | 104 | 57 | 1.825 | 64 | Left league at end of season |
| 4 | Plymouth Argyle II | 44 | 26 | 5 | 13 | 128 | 63 | 2.032 | | 57 |
| 5 | Yeovil & Petters United | 44 | 22 | 10 | 12 | 85 | 70 | 1.214 | 54 |  |
| 6 | Arsenal II | 44 | 21 | 9 | 14 | 92 | 57 | 1.614 | 51 | Left league at end of season |
| 7 | Cardiff City II | 44 | 24 | 3 | 17 | 105 | 72 | 1.458 | | 51 |
| 8 | Tunbridge Wells Rangers | 44 | 22 | 6 | 16 | 93 | 76 | 1.224 | 50 |  |
| 9 | Norwich City II | 44 | 23 | 4 | 17 | 86 | 76 | 1.132 | | 50 |
| 10 | Chelmsford City | 44 | 18 | 8 | 18 | 74 | 73 | 1.014 | | 44 |
| 11 | Bath City | 44 | 16 | 12 | 16 | 58 | 74 | 0.784 | | 44 |
| 12 | Barry | 44 | 18 | 7 | 19 | 76 | 90 | 0.844 | | 43 |
| 13 | Cheltenham Town | 44 | 16 | 9 | 19 | 76 | 105 | 0.724 | | 41 |
| 14 | Ipswich Town II | 44 | 14 | 12 | 18 | 64 | 76 | 0.842 | 40 | Left league at end of season |
| 15 | Worcester City | 44 | 13 | 14 | 17 | 72 | 90 | 0.800 | 40 |  |
| 16 | Folkestone | 44 | 16 | 6 | 22 | 74 | 85 | 0.871 | 38 | Left league at end of season |
| 17 | Newport County II | 44 | 13 | 10 | 21 | 74 | 108 | 0.685 | | 36 |
| 18 | Exeter City II | 44 | 12 | 9 | 23 | 51 | 107 | 0.477 | | 33 |
| 19 | Torquay United II | 44 | 12 | 8 | 24 | 53 | 89 | 0.596 | | 32 |
| 20 | Swindon Town II | 44 | 11 | 9 | 24 | 66 | 101 | 0.653 | | 31 |
| 21 | Aldershot II | 44 | 12 | 6 | 26 | 69 | 92 | 0.750 | | 30 |
| 22 | Bristol Rovers II | 44 | 9 | 11 | 24 | 66 | 85 | 0.776 | | 29 |
| 23 | Dartford | 44 | 8 | 5 | 31 | 53 | 119 | 0.445 | 21 |  |

Source:
Rules for classification: The system of using goal average to separate two teams tied on points was used up until the 1976-77 season. The points system: 2 points for a win, 1 point for a draw and 0 points for losing.
Notes:

## Football League election

Three Southern League clubs, Chelmsford City, Colchester United and Gillingham, applied to join the Football League. However, both League clubs were re-elected.

| Club | League | Votes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Bristol Rovers | Football League Third Division South | 45 |
| Walsall | Football League Third Division South | 36 |
| Gillingham | Southern League | 15 |
| Chelmsford City | Southern League | 1 |
| Colchester United | Southern League | 1 |

1. England - Southern League Final Tables RSSSF
2. A history of admission to the Football League

## InfoBox

Southern Football League
| Season | 1938–39 |
| --- | --- |
| Champions | Colchester United (1st title) |
| Promoted | none |
| Matches played | 506 |
| Goals scored | 1,855 (3.67 per match) |
| 1937–38 1939–40 | |


title: Edwin Epps

abstract: Edwin Epps was an enslaver on a cotton plantation in Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana. Epps was the third and longest enslaver of Solomon Northup, who was kidnapped in Washington, D.C., in 1841 and forced into slavery. On January 3, 1853, Northup left Epps's property and returned to his family in New York.

text:
# Edwin Epps

**Edwin Epps** (1808 – March 3, 1867) was an enslaver on a cotton plantation in Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana. Epps was the third and longest enslaver of Solomon Northup, who was kidnapped in Washington, D.C., in 1841 and forced into slavery. On January 3, 1853, Northup left Epps's property and returned to his family in New York.

## Personal life

Edwin Epps was born in North Carolina around 1808. By 1843, Epps married Mary Elvira Robert, with whom he had children: John (b. c.1843), Edwin (b. c.1846), Robert (b. c.1849), Virginia (b. c.1851), Mary (b. c.1853), Wilbur (b. c.1855), and Massa (b. c.1858). The eldest, John, was not living with the family in 1860.

## Overseer and enslaver

Epps was an overseer on the Oakland Plantation (now the site of Louisiana State University of Alexandria). When Archy P. Williams, the plantation's owner, could not pay Epps, he transferred eight enslaved people and some money for lost wages. Epps then purchased 325.5 acres in Holmesville, Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana. The eight enslaved people included a family of five, a single man, and a woman named Patsey who came from a single plantation in Williamsburg County, South Carolina.

Epps settled in Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana in the mid-1840s. At that time, frontier land opened up through the Louisiana Purchase, where Epps and other planters made money growing cotton. Epps initially leased land from his wife's paternal uncle and later purchased a farm. The former overseer never attained the status of the planter class, who would have had more land and more than 50 enslaved workers. Epps had a violent temper and was an alcoholic, who went on two-week long "sprees" in which he might enjoy dancing with or whipping his servants.

Epps also enslaved Solomon Northup, who had re-named "Platt" after he had been kidnapped into slavery. Northup wrote the story in the memoir entitled *Twelve Years a Slave*. Northup and a Canadian carpenter Samuel Bass worked together on the modest plantation, Edwin Epps House. Bass wrote letters to Northup's friends in New York, leading to his freedom.

Women on Epps's property worked as hard as the men. They cleared land, built roads, plowed, and performed other hard labor. They were also responsible for work in the barn, house, and the laundry. Both men and women were beaten and whipped. Northup, with the position of overseer, was expected to mete out whippings to other enslaved people. An enslaved woman, Celeste, resisted being whipped by hiding out in the swamp for three months. Patsey, who left the farm to get a small bar of soap from a neighboring plantation, was beaten brutally. Epps's wife, Mary, had denied Patsey the use of soap because she was jealous of Patsey, who Epps raped. Epps was violent in his treatment of Patsey, inflicting "life-threatening whippings" on her.

> Epps...wanted to own Patsey's body unconditionally. She had to work harder than anyone else in his cotton fields by day, permit his sexual satisfaction at night, and yield to his barbaric whippings upon his, or his wife's, whims.

In 1850, Epps enslaved six men and two women from the ages of 11 to 40. In 1860, Epps owned eight enslaved men and four women from the ages of 15 to 65.

Mary made the enslaved women on their property feel that she was their superior. She was particularly incensed that her husband raped Patsey. She doggedly insisted that Epps sell Patsey.

## Sources


title: 1951 Masters Tournament

abstract: The 1951 Masters Tournament was the 15th Masters Tournament, held April 5–8 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Ben Hogan, age 38, won the first of his two Masters titles, two strokes ahead of runner-up Skee Riegel. It was the fifth of his nine major titles. After three rounds, Hogan was one stroke out of the lead, behind Riegel and Sam Snead, the 1949 champion. Hogan shot a bogey-free final round of 68 (−4), while Riegel carded a 71 and Snead an 80 (+8). Prior to this victory, Hogan had eight top ten finishes at the Masters, twice as runner-up in 1942 and 1946. The reigning U.S. Open champion, Hogan also won the year's next major, the 1951 U.S. Open. With high attendance of about 15,000 on Sunday, a fifty percent bonus for the prize money was declared, boosting the purse to $15,000 and the winner's share to $3,000.

text:
# 1951 Masters Tournament

The **1951 Masters Tournament** was the 15th Masters Tournament, held April 5–8 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Ben Hogan, age 38, won the first of his two Masters titles, two strokes ahead of runner-up Skee Riegel. It was the fifth of his nine major titles.

After three rounds, Hogan was one stroke out of the lead, behind Riegel and Sam Snead, the 1949 champion. Hogan shot a bogey-free final round of 68 (−4), while Riegel carded a 71 and Snead an 80 (+8). Prior to this victory, Hogan had eight top ten finishes at the Masters, twice as runner-up in 1942 and 1946.

The reigning U.S. Open champion, Hogan also won the year's next major, the 1951 U.S. Open.

With high attendance of about 15,000 on Sunday, a fifty percent bonus for the prize money was declared, boosting the purse to $15,000 and the winner's share to $3,000.

## Field

1. Masters champions

Jimmy Demaret (9,10,12), Claude Harmon, Herman Keiser (9), Byron Nelson (2,6,9), Gene Sarazen (2,4,6,9), Horton Smith (9), Sam Snead (4,6,9,10)

2. U.S. Open champions

Johnny Farrell, Ben Hogan (6,9,10), Lawson Little (3,5,9), Lloyd Mangrum (9,10,12), Fred McLeod, Cary Middlecoff (9,10), Lew Worsham

3. U.S. Amateur champions

Dick Chapman (8,a), Charles Coe (8,a), Skee Riegel (9,10), Sam Urzetta (8,11,a), George Von Elm

4. British Open champions

Denny Shute (6)

5. British Amateur champions

Frank Stranahan (8,9,11,a), Robert Sweeny Jr. (a)

6. PGA champions

Jim Ferrier (9,10), Vic Ghezzi (9), Chandler Harper (12), Johnny Revolta

7. Members of the U.S. 1951 Ryder Cup team * *Team not selected in time for inclusion.*

8. Members of the U.S. 1951 Walker Cup team

William C. Campbell (a), Dow Finsterwald, Bill Goodloe (a), Bobby Knowles (11,a), Jim McHale Jr. (a), Harold Paddock Jr. (a), Harvie Ward (a)

* *Willie Turnesa (a) did not play. Finsterwald, Goodloe and Ward were reserves for the team.*

9. Top 24 players and ties from the 1950 Masters Tournament

George Fazio (10), Leland Gibson, Fred Haas (10), Chick Harbert, Clayton Heafner, Joe Kirkwood Jr. (10), Johnny Palmer (10,12), Toney Penna

10. Top 24 players and ties from the 1950 U.S. Open

Al Besselink, Julius Boros, Johnny Bulla, Marty Furgol, Dutch Harrison, Dick Mayer, Bill Nary, Henry Ransom, Bob Toski, Harold Williams

11. 1950 U.S. Amateur quarter-finalists

Bill Shields (a), Tom Veech (a), John Ward (a)

12. 1950 PGA Championship quarter-finalists

Dave Douglas, Ray Gafford, Henry Williams Jr.

13. One amateur, not already qualified, selected by a ballot of ex-U.S. Amateur champions 14. One professional, not already qualified, selected by a ballot of ex-U.S. Open champions

Jack Burke Jr.

15. Two players, not already qualified, with the best scoring average in the winter part of the 1951 PGA Tour

Ed Furgol, Ted Kroll

16. Foreign invitations

Roberto De Vicenzo (9), Tony Holguin, Bill Mawhinney, Juan Segura (a)

* *Numbers in brackets indicate categories that the player would have qualified under had they been American.*

## Round summaries

### First round

*Thursday, April 5, 1951*

| Place | Player | Score | To par |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | George Fazio | 68 | −4 |
| T2 | Lloyd Mangrum | 69 | −3 |
| | Sam Snead | | |
| 4 | Ben Hogan | 70 | −2 |
| T5 | Johnny Bulla | 71 | −1 |
| | Dick Mayer | | |
| | Byron Nelson | | |
| | Lew Worsham | | |
| T9 | Dick Chapman (a) | 72 | E |
| | Lawson Little | | |
| | Juan Segura (a) | | |

Source:

### Second round

*Friday, April 6, 1951*

| Place | Player | Score | To par |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Skee Riegel | 73-68=141 | −3 |
| T2 | George Fazio | 68-74=142 | −2 |
| | Ben Hogan | 70-72=142 | |
| | Lew Worsham | 71-71=142 | |
| T5 | Johnny Bulla | 71-72=143 | −1 |
| | Dave Douglas | 74-69=143 | |
| | Lloyd Mangrum | 69-74=143 | |
| | Sam Snead | 69-74=143 | |
| T9 | Jim Ferrier | 74-70=144 | E |
| | Joe Kirkwood, Jr. | 73-71=144 | |
| | Byron Nelson | 71-73=144 | |

Source:

### Third round

*Saturday, April 7, 1951*

| Place | Player | Score | To par |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| T1 | Skee Riegel | 73-68-70=211 | −5 |
| | Sam Snead | 69-74-68=211 | |
| 3 | Ben Hogan | 70-72-70=212 | −4 |
| 4 | Lloyd Mangrum | 69-74-70=213 | −3 |
| 5 | Lew Worsham | 71-71-72=214 | −2 |
| T6 | Cary Middlecoff | 73-73-69=215 | −1 |
| | Dave Douglas | 74-69-72=215 | |
| T8 | Johnny Bulla | 71-72-73=216 | E |
| | George Fazio | 68-74-74=216 | |
| T10 | Bill Goodloe (a) | 74-71-72=217 | +1 |
| | Lawson Little | 72-73-72=217 | |
| | Byron Nelson | 71-73-73=217 | |

Source:

### Final round

*Sunday, April 8, 1951*

#### Final leaderboard

| Champion |
| --- |
| Silver Cup winner (low amateur) |
| (a) = amateur |
| (c) = past champion |

*Top 10*
| Place | Player | Score | To par | Money (US$) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Ben Hogan | 70-72-70-68=280 | −8 | 3,000 |
| 2 | Skee Riegel | 73-68-70-71=282 | −6 | 1,875 |
| T3 | Lloyd Mangrum | 69-74-70-73=286 | −2 | 1,163 |
| | Lew Worsham | 71-71-72-72=286 | | |
| 5 | Dave Douglas | 74-69-72-73=288 | E | 750 |
| 6 | Lawson Little | 72-73-72-72=289 | +1 | 600 |
| 7 | Jim Ferrier | 74-70-74-72=290 | +2 | 525 |
| T8 | Johnny Bulla | 71-72-73-75=291 | +3 | 450 |
| | Byron Nelson (c) | 71-73-73-74=291 | | |
| | Sam Snead (c) | 69-74-68-80=291 | | |

Sources:

#### Scorecard

| Hole | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Par | 4 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 4 |
| Hogan | −4 | −5 | −6 | −6 | −6 | −6 | −6 | −7 | −7 | −7 | −7 | −7 | −8 | −8 | −8 | −8 | −8 | −8 |
| Riegel | −5 | −6 | −5 | −5 | −6 | −6 | −5 | −6 | −5 | −5 | −4 | −4 | −5 | −5 | −5 | −5 | −6 | −6 |
| Mangrum | −3 | −4 | −4 | −4 | −3 | −2 | −3 | −3 | −3 | −3 | −3 | −1 | −1 | E | −1 | −2 | −2 | −2 |
| Worsham | −2 | −2 | −2 | −2 | −2 | −2 | −2 | −1 | −1 | −1 | −1 | −2 | −2 | −2 | −2 | −2 | −1 | −2 |
| Douglas | −1 | −3 | −3 | −2 | −1 | −2 | −2 | −2 | −3 | −2 | −2 | E | −1 | E | E | E | E | E |
| Snead | −5 | −5 | −4 | −4 | −4 | −4 | −4 | −4 | −4 | −3 | +1 | +1 | E | E | +1 | +2 | +2 | +2 |
| Middlecoff | −1 | −2 | −1 | −1 | −1 | −1 | −1 | −1 | −1 | E | E | +1 | +3 | +4 | +5 | +5 | +5 | +5 |

*Cumulative tournament scores, relative to par*

|  | Eagle |  | Birdie |  | Bogey |  | Double bogey |  | Triple bogey + |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

Source:

## InfoBox

1951 Masters Tournament
| Front cover of the 1951 *Masters Guide* | |
| --- | --- |
| Tournament information | |
| Dates | April 5–8, 1951 |
| Location | Augusta, Georgia<br>33°30′11″N 82°01′12″W / 33.503°N 82.020°W / 33.503; -82.020 |
| Course(s) | Augusta National Golf Club |
| Organized by | Augusta National Golf Club |
| Tour(s) | PGA Tour |
| Statistics | |
| Par | 72 |
| Field | 64 players |
| Cut | none |
| Prize fund | 15,000 |
| Winner's share | $3,000 |
| Champion | |
| Ben Hogan | |
| 280 (−8) | |
| Location map | |
| Augusta NationalLocation in the United StatesAugusta NationalLocation in Georgia | |
|  | |


title: Edwin Manners

abstract: Edwin Manners was an American lawyer, property owner and diarist. He graduated from Princeton University with a Bachelor of Arts in 1877, went on to earn a degree in Law at Columbia University, and was accepted to the bar. He became involved in projects to improve Jersey City, such as a project improving the water supply. He continued as a lawyer, besides his municipal interests, and spent a good deal of time managing his property. He also kept a journal detailing his life over a 21-year period, from 1893 to 1913. He is the son of the Mayor of Jersey City David Stout Manners and Deborah Philips Johnes. The American branch, which emigrated to America about 1700, is connected with the noble family of Manners in England. During his senior year at Princeton University he was one of the editors of the Nassau Literary Magazine.OCLC 2232539 A Manners Fund created under Manners' will continues to "provide support for advanced fellowships in the fields of English and history" at Princeton University.

text:
# Edwin Manners

**Edwin Manners** (March 6, 1855 – May 4, 1913) was an American lawyer, property owner and diarist. He graduated from Princeton University with a Bachelor of Arts in 1877, went on to earn a degree in Law at Columbia University, and was accepted to the bar. He became involved in projects to improve Jersey City, such as a project improving the water supply. He continued as a lawyer, besides his municipal interests, and spent a good deal of time managing his property. He also kept a journal detailing his life over a 21-year period, from 1893 to 1913.

He is the son of the Mayor of Jersey City David Stout Manners and Deborah Philips Johnes. The American branch, which emigrated to America about 1700, is connected with the noble family of Manners in England.

During his senior year at Princeton University he was one of the editors of the *Nassau Literary Magazine*.OCLC 2232539

A **Manners Fund** created under Manners' will continues to "provide support for advanced fellowships in the fields of English and history" at Princeton University.

## Family history

Edwin Manners, A.M., LL.B., was the son of the late Hon. David Stout Manners and Deborah Philips Johnes, and was born in Jersey City, N. J., on March 6, 1855. His father was for several terms Mayor of Jersey City and universally esteemed and respected as one of its best executives and citizens. He is a grandson of David Manners, a great-grandson of John Manners, and a great-great-grandson of John Manners, Sr., of Yorkshire, England, who was born in 1678, emigrated to America about 1700, and married Rebecca Stout, of Middletown, N. J., a granddaughter of Richard and Penelope Van Princess Stout, of interesting memory, and the first in America. John Manners, Sr., settled at Upper Freehold, N. J., but afterward moved to Amwell, Hunterdon County, in this State, where he died in 1770. The American branch is connected with the noble family of Manners in England, which traces its distinguished lineage back to the time of William the Conqueror, and indeed is of Norman origin.

On his mother's side Edwin Manners was a grandson of David Johnes, a great-grandson of David Johnes, Sr., a great-great-grandson of Stephen Johnes, and a great-great-great-grandson of Samuel Johnes, Jr., who was the son of Samuel Johnes, Sr., whose father, Edward Johnes, of Somerset, England, carne to Charlestown (Boston), Mass., with (governor Winthrop in 1630); he later was one of the founders of Southampton, Long Island, and died there in 1659. Edward married Anne, daughter of George and Alice Griggs, natives of binder. The Johnes family in the United States may be distantly related to that of Dolan Cothi, in Wales, which traces to Godebog, King of Britain, but is directly descended from the Johnes family of County Berks. County Salop, and London and Somerset, England, the branches living in those counties and also in Bristol all proceeding from the same original stock. Sir Francis Johnes was Lord Mayor of London in 1620. Edwin Manners's great-grandfather, John Schenck, was a Captain in the Revolutionary War, took an active part in the principal battles in the State, and by a well-planned ambuscade prevented the British troops from overrunning Hunterdon County.

His grandfather, David -Manners, who married Captain Schenck's daughter Mary, was an officer in the War of 1812, and won honorable mention in several important engagements. On the maternal side Mr. Manners's great-great-grandfather, Stephen Johnes, married Grace Fitz Randolph, whose brother Nathaniel gave to Princeton the land upon which Nassau Hall is erected, and his great-grandfather, David Johnes, was a Major in the Revolution and rendered efficient service in establishing American independence.

Edwin Manners died in Jersey City on May 4, 1913.

## University life

In the "Fifty Years of Princeton" written in 1927 about the class of '77 - Henry Fairfield Osborn had this to say about Edwin:

> This was the portraiture by Jacobus in his Memorial Address of 1917. Judge Manners had written for the Record of 1907 : "I have enough serious work to do and sufficient leisure. My health is good and I hold myself well in hand with an eye on various tangents. I am fond of horseback riding, but my pet horses are dead. I amuse myself with letters and social diversions." Ten years earlier he had written that he rode a Luthy bicycle and a Blackwood mare. So the life of '77's presentation orator who spoke so eloquently at the Cannon Exercises on Class Day, is pictured distinctly. Jersey City was continuously the scene of his activities after he left Princeton. From 1884 his time was largely occupied with the management of his father's estate. Judge Manners never married. He died on May 4, 1913.
>
> His suggestions for the improvement of Princeton were written for the Records of 1887 and 1897. They are respectively:
>
> 1. Let the Alumni elect Alumni to the Board of Trustees.
>
> 2. Add more distinguished professors to the Faculty. I have no faith in the theory that dull men are better teachers than bright men.
>
> 3. Build a university theatre or music hall.
>
> 4. Establish a university printing press.
>
> 5. Found a lectureship on literature, the incumbent to be elected annually by ballot by the entire body of the students, and deliver a series of lectures to be published and known as 'Princeton Lectures on Literature.' The lecturer to be chosen from among men of letters outside the college. Besides the intrinsic worth and influence of such a lectureship it would lend to the college an adjurant prestige and popular interest hardly equalled by the lord rectorship at Scottish universities.
>
> In 1897:
>
> Of modern languages, Spanish is amongst those least cultivated, yet, to Americans, it is of living concern and greatest practical advantage. This is plainly indicated by the increasing importance of our country's relations with Spanish America. It is expedient, therefore, to bring Spanish to the fore and extend a cordial welcome to Spanish-American matriculates. It would be well if the Board of Trustees became less of a star chamber and more of a representative body of the Alumni to comport with the institution's reputation for democracy. The fine arts should be given a larger place and regard. Princeton commendably makes for strength of character, but too little seemingly for grace and beauty. Perhaps it is not invidious to suggest that the literary department might be strengthened by the addition of some critic or author who speaks with authority, if forsooth any man of letters can be found at present who speaks with much authority. A law school should be established directly, and I believe there is a sufficient demand for it. Revive boating,... laurels could be won in aquatics with the means now at command. With Stony Brook enlarged to Stony River, the facilities for success will be ample. Sports on the water attract.

## "Gold Badges for writers"

Included in his bequest to Princeton and Columbia Universities, Manners set up three different scholarship awards "to be used annually for the advancement of literary and historical studies".

The first award mentioned in his last will and testament is the Golden Violet, to be given to the student "who produced the best piece of literary work, whether in prose or in verse..."

The second award mentioned is one to be given to the student "who shall write the best monograph on the history of New Jersey or on some City, town or institution thereof or subject connected therewith, and the recipient of this award is to be known as the Neo Caesarean Scholar."

The last award he provides for in his will is intended for the student "who shall write the best character study or descriptive sketch, whether it be in prose or in verse.. the successful candidate is to be designated as the Winner of the Golden Tiger." Manners also prescribes that some of his bequest be used "in the making of an artistic golden violet, to be worn as a badge". To accompany the Golden Tiger award, Manners also provided for "the purchase or making of a golden tiger, in the style of an emblem and designed by an artist."

### Known winners of Princeton University's Golden Tiger Award

* 1917: Sam Shoemaker, Jr.
* 1918: John Peale Bishop, Richard Henry Ritter (honorable mention)
* 1919: James Creese, Jr,
* 1920: no award listed
* 1921: Edward Van Dyke Wight, Jr.
* 1922: Ralph Edward Kent
* 1923: no award listed
* 1924: John Stuart Martin, Donald Alfred Stauffer
* 1925: William Bradford Hubbell, Charles Edward Boynton (h.m.)
* 1926: James Alan Montgomery, Jr.
* 1927: no award listed
* 1928: Walter Critz Watkins, James Burnham (h.m.)
* 1929: Harold Allison Rue
* 1930: Frank Callan Norris
* 1931: John Mason Bradbury
* 1932: William Main Doerflinger, Basil Beya (h.m.)
* 1933: Alexander Hamilton Leighton, William Piel, Jr. (h.m.)
* 1934: Robert Elwood NHail, Jr.
* 1935: Philip Clark Horton
* 1936: Robert Henry Super, James Avery Worden (h.m.)
* 1937: Charles Edward Shain, Alba Houghton Warren, Jr. (h.m.)
* 1938: no award listed
* 1939: Desideri Xavier Parreno, Burrowes Hunt (h.m.)
* 1940: no award listed
* 1941: George A. Hamid, Jr.
* 1942: Herbert Smith Bailey, Jr., John Nixon Brooks, Jr. (h.m.)
* 1943: Joseph Deéricks Bennet, Thomas Herndon (h.m.)
* 1944-47: no awards listed
* 1948: Frederick Buechner, Ernest Stock (h.m.)
* 1949: no award listed
* 1950: Charles William Slack, John Murphy Scott (h.m.)
* 1951: Robert V. Keeley
* 1952: Roy Frederick Lawrence, George Basil Lambrakis (h.m.)
* 1953: John McPhee
* 1952-55: no award listed
* 1956: Kurth Sprague
* 1957: Carl Wilhelm Haffenreffer, Jr., Robert McConkie Rehder (h.m.)
* 1958: no award listed
* 1959: Charlton Reynders, Jr., Thomas Sanford James (h.m.)
* 1960: Lauren Rogers Stevens, David Vickers Forrest (h.m.)
* 1961: Roy Neil Graves, II Mark Allen Rose (h.m.)
* 1962: David F. Thorburn
* 1963: George Webb Constable
* 1964–present: no mention of award

### Known winners of Princeton's Neo-Caesarean Scholar Award

* 1921: Nolan Bailey Harmon, Jr.
* 1922-24: no award listed
* 1925: K. C. Wu
* 1926: Benjamin Burnis Shipman
* 1927: Pinckney Alston Waring
* 1928-34: no award listed
* 1935: Ransom Elwood Noble, Jr.
* 1936-47: no award listed
* 1948: Nathan Adams and Kenneth Walbridge Condit
* 1949-52: no award listed
* 1953: Jack Richon Pole

### Known winners of Columbia University's Golden Violet

* 1931: Bascom Lamar Lunsford (awarded Princeton funds in this year to record Appalachian Heritage Music)

## InfoBox

| Edwin Manners | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1855-03-06)March 6, 1855
Jersey City, New Jersey |
| Died | May 4, 1913(1913-05-04) (aged 58)
Jersey City, New Jersey |
| Education |  |
| Occupation | Lawyer |
| Signature | |
|  | |


title: Ensoji il Cerchio

abstract: The zen monastery Enso-ji Il Cerchio is a Buddhist community and a cultural association recognised by the Italian Government. It is affiliated with Soto Zen Buddhism and was founded by the Italian Zen Master Carlo Zendo Tetsugen Serra (1953-), He was disciple of the Japanese Zen Master Ban Tetsugyu Soin, between the late 1980s and the early 1990s. Later, he would be recognised as Zen Master in his lineage by his direct heir, the current abbot of Tosho-ji (東照寺), Tetsujyo Deguchi. "Il Cerchio Enso-ji" is also member of the Italian Buddhist Union (UBI), that collects in a federation the principal buddhist centers in Italy and of European Buddhist Union (EBU). "Il Cerchio" is a creation of the Sangha della Foresta di Bambù and, inside a Zen Soto lineage, follows the teachings of Harada Daiun Sogaku. The school of Harada Daiun Sogaku distinguishes itself from the usual Soto traditional methods, based exclusively on the practice of sitting meditation, zazen (坐禅) known as shikantaza. The peculiarity of the School of Daiun Sogaku was the adoptation of frequent and intense use of kōans, questions or paradoxical sentences with the purpose to let go a severe rational approach to the practice, helping practitioners to obtain the kensho. Koans are still peculiar today of Rinzai and Obaku traditions. The sangha of Il Cerchio is located in two places: the Monastery "Ensoji – il Cerchio", founded in Milan, in 1988, and the Monastery "Sanbo-ji – Tempio dei Tre Gioielli," (三寶寺), founded 1996 nearly Berceto, Parma.

text:
# Ensoji il Cerchio

The zen monastery **Enso-ji Il Cerchio** (Japanese: 円相寺, *Ensō-ji*; eng.: "Temple of the Circle") is a Buddhist community and a cultural association recognised by the Italian Government. It is affiliated with Soto Zen Buddhism and was founded by the Italian Zen Master Carlo Zendo Tetsugen Serra (1953-), He was disciple of the Japanese Zen Master Ban Tetsugyu Soin (伴鐵牛, 1910-1996), between the late 1980s and the early 1990s. Later, he would be recognised as Zen Master in his lineage by his direct heir, the current abbot of Tosho-ji (東照寺), Tetsujyo Deguchi.

"Il Cerchio Enso-ji" is also member of the Italian Buddhist Union (UBI), that collects in a federation the principal buddhist centers in Italy and of European Buddhist Union (EBU).

"Il Cerchio" is a creation of the *Sangha della Foresta di Bambù* (literally: Sangha of the bamboo forest) and, inside a Zen Soto lineage, follows the teachings of Harada Daiun Sogaku (原田祖岳, 1871-1961).

The school of Harada Daiun Sogaku distinguishes itself from the usual Soto traditional methods, based exclusively on the practice of sitting meditation, *zazen* (坐禅) known as *shikantaza* (只管打坐, "simply sitting"). The peculiarity of the School of Daiun Sogaku was the adoptation of frequent and intense use of *kōans*, questions or paradoxical sentences with the purpose to let go a severe rational approach to the practice, helping practitioners to obtain the kensho. Koans are still peculiar today of Rinzai and Obaku traditions.

The *sangha* of *Il Cerchio* is located in two places: the Monastery "Ensoji – il Cerchio", founded in Milan, in 1988, and the Monastery "Sanbo-ji – Tempio dei Tre Gioielli," (三寶寺), founded 1996 nearly Berceto, Parma.

## Sources

1. Cfr. here.
2. Cfr. qui Archived 2015-01-05 at the Wayback Machine.
3. Cfr. here.
4. Cfr. here, official site of Soto International.
5. Massimo Introvigne, *Enciclopedia delle religioni in Italia*. Torino, Elledici, 2001, p.571.

## Bibliography

* Massimo Introvigne, *Enciclopedia delle religioni in Italia*. Torino, Elledici, 2001, p. 571.
* Philippe Kapleau, *I tre pilastri dello zen*, Roma, Ubaldini, 1981.
* Carlo Tetsugen Serra, *Zen 2.0, la via della felicità*. Milano, Cairo Editore, 2014.


title: 1963–64 Divizia A

abstract: The 1963–64 Divizia A was the forty-sixth season of Divizia A, the top-level football league of Romania.

text:
# 1963–64 Divizia A

The **1963–64 Divizia A** was the forty-sixth season of Divizia A, the top-level football league of Romania.

## Teams

PetrolulSteagul RoșuCrișulFarulȘtiințaDinamoUTACSMSȘtiințaSiderurgistulBucharest**Bucharest teams:**
Dinamo
Rapid
Steaua
Progresulclass=notpageimage|Location of teams in **1963-64 Divizia A**

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Dinamo București (C) | 26 | 18 | 4 | 4 | 65 | 25 | +40 | 40 | Qualification to European Cup first round |
| 2 | Rapid București | 26 | 15 | 3 | 8 | 50 | 36 | +14 | 33 |  |
| 3 | FC Steaua București | 26 | 15 | 1 | 10 | 71 | 44 | +27 | 31 | Qualification to Cup Winners' Cup first round |
| 4 | Progresul București | 26 | 11 | 5 | 10 | 40 | 45 | 5 | 27 |  |
| 5 | Petrolul Ploiești | 26 | 11 | 4 | 11 | 28 | 19 | +9 | 26 | Invitation to Inter-Cities Fairs Cup first round |
| 6 | Steagul Roşu Brașov | 26 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 32 | 32 | 0 | 26 |  |
| 7 | Crişul Oradea | 26 | 10 | 6 | 10 | 27 | 38 | 11 | | 26 |
| 8 | Farul Constanța | 26 | 11 | 3 | 12 | 28 | 34 | 6 | | 25 |
| 9 | Știința Cluj | 26 | 11 | 2 | 13 | 39 | 38 | +1 | | 24 |
| 10 | Dinamo Pitești | 26 | 10 | 3 | 13 | 28 | 39 | 11 | | 23 |
| 11 | UTA Arad | 26 | 9 | 5 | 12 | 32 | 46 | 14 | | 23 |
| 12 | CSMS Iași | 26 | 10 | 2 | 14 | 42 | 47 | 5 | | 22 |
| 13 | Știința Timișoara (R) | 26 | 8 | 6 | 12 | 31 | 42 | 11 | 22 | Relegation to Divizia B |
| 14 | Siderurgistul Galați (R) | 26 | 6 | 4 | 16 | 21 | 49 | 28 | | 16 |

Source: LT
Rules for classification: 1) points; 2) goal average; 3) number of goals scored
(C) Champions; (R) Relegated

### Results

| Home \ Away | IAȘ | CRI | DIN | PIT | FAR | PET | PRO | RAP | SID | SRB | STE | UTA | ȘCJ | ȘTI |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| CSMS Iași |  | 6–0 | 1–5 | 2–1 | 2–1 | 1–0 | 2–0 | 0–0 | 1–0 | 2–3 | 2–1 | 5–1 | 4–0 | 3–0 |
| Crișul Oradea | 2–1 |  | 1–1 | 0–0 | 0–1 | 0–0 | 1–0 | 1–1 | 3–1 | 2–0 | 1–3 | 1–0 | 1–0 | 1–0 |
| Dinamo București | 2–1 | 1–1 |  | 2–0 | 7–0 | 1–0 | 2–3 | 5–2 | 5–1 | 6–2 | 3–2 | 6–0 | 2–1 | 0–0 |
| Dinamo Pitești | 2–0 | 1–0 | 0–4 |  | 2–1 | 2–0 | 3–2 | 0–1 | 2–1 | 2–0 | 0–1 | 3–0 | 2–1 | 1–0 |
| Farul Constanța | 2–0 | 0–1 | 0–2 | 2–1 |  | 0–1 | 2–0 | 3–1 | 2–0 | 2–2 | 2–1 | 0–0 | 1–0 | 4–0 |
| Petrolul Ploiești | 2–1 | 3–1 | 0–1 | 0–0 | 1–0 |  | 2–2 | 0–1 | 4–0 | 1–0 | 2–1 | 1–0 | 1–0 | 3–0 |
| Progresul București | 5–3 | 2–1 | 0–2 | 3–2 | 1–0 | 1–0 |  | 2–2 | 2–3 | 1–1 | 2–1 | 1–3 | 3–1 | 3–1 |
| Rapid București | 3–1 | 1–0 | 0–2 | 2–0 | 3–0 | 0–6 | 5–0 |  | 3–1 | 4–1 | 3–4 | 3–1 | 1–2 | 4–0 |
| Siderurgistul Galați | 3–1 | 0–3 | 0–1 | 0–0 | 1–0 | 0–0 | 1–2 | 1–0 |  | 0–0 | 1–2 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 0–1 |
| Steagul Roşu Brașov | 1–1 | 5–0 | 1–0 | 2–0 | 0–1 | 2–0 | 0–0 | 1–2 | 5–0 |  | 0–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 0–0 |
| Steaua București | 5–1 | 7–2 | 4–1 | 6–3 | 1–2 | 1–0 | 1–2 | 0–2 | 5–2 | 5–0 |  | 7–0 | 4–1 | 3–2 |
| UTA Arad | 2–0 | 2–3 | 2–3 | 1–0 | 2–0 | 2–1 | 1–1 | 0–1 | 3–1 | 0–0 | 4–0 |  | 2–0 | 2–1 |
| Știința Cluj | 4–1 | 1–0 | 2–0 | 5–1 | 3–0 | 1–0 | 3–2 | 3–1 | 0–1 | 0–1 | 4–4 | 2–0 |  | 3–0 |
| Știința Timișoara | 2–0 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 3–0 | 2–2 | 1–0 | 2–0 | 2–4 | 3–0 | 1–2 | 2–1 | 3–3 | 3–1 |  |

Source: LT (in Romanian)
Legend: Blue = home team win; Yellow = draw; Red = away team win.

## Top goalscorers

| Rank | Player | Club | Goals |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Constantin Frățilă | Dinamo București | 19 |
| | Cornel Pavlovici | Steaua București | |
| 3 | Florea Voinea | Steaua București | 16 |
| | Mihai Țârlea | UTA Arad | |
| 5 | Ion Ionescu | Rapid București | 15 |
|

## Champion squad

| Dinamo București |
| --- |
| **Goalkeepers:** Ilie Datcu (26 / 0); Iuliu Uțu (2 / 0).
**Defenders:** Cornel Popa (24 / 0); Ion Nunweiller (26 / 0); Dumitru Ivan (19 / 0); Constantin Ștefan (19 / 0); Ilie Constantinescu (1 / 0).
**Midfielders:** Emil Petru (23 / 8); Lică Nunweiller (26 / 1); Octavian Popescu (11 / 3).
**Forwards:** Ion Pîrcălab (25 / 10); Iosif Varga (8 / 0); Gheorghe Ene (14 / 5); Constantin Frățilă (26 / 19); Ion Haidu (21 / 6); Aurel Unguroiu (8 / 5); Ion Țîrcovnicu (17 / 5); Radu Nunweiller (5 / 2); Vasile Gergely (3 / 0); Mircea Lucescu (2 / 0).
*(league appearances and goals listed in brackets)*
**Manager:** Traian Ionescu & Nicolae Dumitru. |

## InfoBox

Divizia A
| Season | 1963–64 |
| --- | --- |
| Champions | Dinamo București |
| Top goalscorer | Constantin Frățilă, Cornel Pavlovici (19) |
| 1962–63 1964–65 | |


abstract: The 1924 United States presidential election in Mississippi took place on November 4, 1924, as part of the 1924 United States presidential election, which was held throughout all contemporary forty-eight states. Voters chose ten representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Mississippi was won easily by John W. Davis of West Virginia over incumbent Republican president Calvin Coolidge and Progressive nominee Robert M. La Follette of Wisconsin. With 89.3% of the popular vote, Mississippi was Davis' 2nd strongest state.

text:
# 1924 United States presidential election in Mississippi

The **1924 United States presidential election in Mississippi** took place on November 4, 1924, as part of the 1924 United States presidential election, which was held throughout all contemporary forty-eight states. Voters chose ten representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Mississippi was won easily by John W. Davis of West Virginia over incumbent Republican president Calvin Coolidge and Progressive nominee Robert M. La Follette of Wisconsin. With 89.3% of the popular vote, Mississippi was Davis' 2nd strongest state.

## Results

1924 United States presidential election in Mississippi
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Democratic** | **John W. Davis** | **100,474** | **89.34%** |
|  | Republican | Calvin Coolidge (incumbent) | 8,494 | 7.55% |
|  | Progressive | Robert M. La Follette | 3,494 | 3.11% |
| Total votes | | | **112,462** | **100%** |

1. "1924 Presidential General Election Results – Mississippi". Retrieved April 24, 2020.

## InfoBox

1924 United States presidential election in Mississippi
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Nominee **John W. Davis** Calvin Coolidge   Party Democratic Republican  Home state West Virginia Massachusetts  Running mate **Charles W. Bryan** Charles G. Dawes  Electoral vote **10** 0  Popular vote **100,474** 8,494  Percentage **89.34%** 7.55% | |
| ---  County Results  **Davis**  60-70%  70-80%  80-90%  90-100% | |
| ---  **President before election**
Calvin Coolidge
Republican **Elected President**
Calvin Coolidge
Republican | |


title: Education in Telangana

text:
# Education in Telangana

Telangana has multiple institutes of higher education universities along with numerous primary and secondary schools.

## System of Telangana

The regional and official language of the Telangana is Telugu. Other linguistic groups in the include speakers of Urdu and Hindi. Telangana Education is offered through a number of institutes spread across the state. In Telangana the education system is of 10+2 system before joining under graduation. First standard to Tenth standard classes are conducted by the School Education under the administration of the School Education Department and finally the Tenth Class (S.S.C.) Public examination at the state level is conducted by the Board of Secondary Education. After this two year Intermediate Education under the administration of the Board of Intermediate Education. The state would provide reservation in higher education to weaker sections of society on the pattern of Tamil Nadu, bypassing the 50% limit .

## Schools

The Telangana has a number of public and private schools and these are either affiliated to the Board of Secondary Education Telangana or Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE), ICSE, IB, IGCSE. Government of Telangana is working towards building the excellent school system. Telangana is the 5th place for education passing percentage of 2018. Telangana has implemented various skill set in education system to make improvement on all the areas.

The Telangana State Government established the Telangana Minorities Residential Educational Institutions Society in 2015 to provide residential education for children from minority populations.

## Universities

Universities include:

## Institutes

Institutes include:

## Research Institutes

Research Institutes include:

Venugopal


title: Edite Tenjua

abstract: Edite Ramos da Costa Tenjua is a São Tomé and Príncipe lawyer and businesswoman who was minister of justice from 2012 to 2014, served on the country's Constitutional Court from 2019 to 2020. She has been minister of foreign affairs since September 2020.

text:
# Edite Tenjua

**Edite Ramos da Costa Tenjua** (born 31 December 1972) is a São Tomé and Príncipe lawyer and businesswoman who was minister of justice from 2012 to 2014, served on the country's Constitutional Court from 2019 to 2020. She has been minister of foreign affairs since September 2020.

## Early life and education

Tenjua was born in Africa on 31 December 1972 and moved to Portugal in 1976. She has a law degree from the University of Lisbon, graduating in 1999.

## Career

Tenjua practiced as a lawyer in Portugal and Mozambique, before becoming director of the Tax and Legal Department of KPMG Angola. In 2004, she joined Joint Authority Nigeria-S. Tomé and Principe as a lawyer, managing its legal unit from 2008 until 2010.

Tenjua is an entrepreneur and since 2006 the owner of TEN JUA Collection Fashion Brand, with stores in Sao Tome, Nigeria, and Portugal. She has also written several children's books including*Tita Catita*. She heads a foundation called El-Shaddai, which works with disadvantaged children in Africa to emphasise education.

Tenjua was minister of justice from 2012 to 2014. In 2019, she was the petroleum affairs advisor to the Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe, before being elected to the Constitutional Court after three judges were dismissed following a disciplinary process after being accused by Prime Minister Patrice Trovoada of taking bribes in a case related to the sale of brewery *Cervejeira Rosema* to an Angolan company.

Tenjua was appointed foreign minister by Prime Minister Jorge Bom Jesus on 21 September, replacing Elsa Teixeira Pinto.

## Personal life

Tenjua is a Christian.

## InfoBox

| Edite Tenjua | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs of São Tomé and Príncipe | |
| **In office**<br>22 September 2020  2022 | |
| Prime Minister | Jorge Bom Jesus |
| Preceded by | Elsa Teixeira Pinto |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1972-12-31) 31 December 1972 |
| Alma mater | University of Lisbon |
| Occupation | Lawyer |
|  | |


title: 1935 Tschammerpokal

abstract: The 1935 Tschammerpokal was the 1st season of the annual German football cup competition. This was the first time a national cup tournament was held in Germany. Its name was chosen in honour of Reichssportführer Hans von Tschammer und Osten, then the highest ranking sports official in Nazi Germany. The tournament began on 6 January 1935 and ended on 8 December 1935. About 4,100 teams competed in the qualifying tournament which was divided into four stages. 63 teams competed in the final stage of six rounds. In the final 1. FC Nürnberg defeated Schalke 04 2–0.

text:
# 1935 Tschammerpokal

The **1935 Tschammerpokal** was the 1st season of the annual German football cup competition. This was the first time a national cup tournament was held in Germany. Its name was chosen in honour of *Reichssportführer Hans von Tschammer und Osten*, then the highest ranking sports official in Nazi Germany. The tournament began on 6 January 1935 and ended on 8 December 1935. About 4,100 teams competed in the qualifying tournament which was divided into four stages. 63 teams competed in the final stage of six rounds. In the final 1. FC Nürnberg defeated Schalke 04 2–0.

## Matches

### First round

|  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 18 August 1935 |
| Eintracht Bad Kreuznach | **1 – 6** | **SV Waldhof Mannheim** |
| **Sportvereinigung Masovia Lyck** | **7 – 3** | Tilsiter SC |
| Stettiner SC | **0 – 1** | **SC Minerva 93 Berlin** |
| **Vorwärts-Rasensport Gleiwitz** | **9 – 1** | Breslauer FV 06 |
| **SC Vorwärts Breslau** | **3 – 1** | BC Hartha |
| **Dresdner Sportfreunde** | **6 – 1** | SV Klettendorf |
| SpVgg Göttingen | **1 – 5** | **FC Schalke 04** |
| Union Recklinghausen | **0 – 5** | **VfL Benrath** |
| Sportring Gevelsberg | **2 – 5** | **VfR Köln** |
| SV Hamborn 07 | **1 – 2** | **SpVgg Herten** |
| **Fortuna Düsseldorf** | **5 – 0** | Kölner SC 1899 |
| Kölner CfR | **3 – 4** | **Hannover 96** | *(AET)* |
| **FC Hanau 93** | **5 – 1** | SC Eintracht Windecken |
| **Spielverein Kassel 06** | **2 – 1** | Phönix Ludwigshafen |
| BC Elsterberg | **4 – 4** | 1. SV Jena | *(AET)* |
| VfB Leipzig | **1 – 2** | **1. FC Nürnberg** |
| VfL Bitterfeld | **1 – 2** | **Hertha BSC** | *(AET)* |
| SV Merseburg | **2 – 4** | **PSV Chemnitz** |
| **Kieler SV Holstein** | **7 – 1** | SpVgg Nordring Stettin |
| SC Victoria Hamburg | **1 – 2** | **Berolina-LSC Berlin** |
| **Eimsbütteler TV** | **7 – 0** | Hamburg-Eimsbütteler BC |
| **Eintracht Braunschweig** | **6 – 3** | Reichsbahn SV Berlin |
| SV Werder Bremen | **4 – 5** | **Hamburger SV** |
| Fuldaer SV Germania | **1 – 5** | **SpVgg Fürth** |
| **VfR Wormatia Worms** | **3 – 0** | FC Egelsbach |
| **VfR Mannheim** | **5 – 3** | FV Homburg |
| FV Bretten | **1 – 3** | **Freiburger FC** |
| Karlsruher FV | **0 – 1** | **SV Feuerbach** |
| VfB Stuttgart | **3 – 4** | **BC Augsburg** | *(AET)* |
| **1. FC Schweinfurt 05** | **4 – 0** | SV Steinach |
| **Ulmer FV 1894** | **5 – 4** | FC Bayern Munich | *(AET)* |
| **VfB Königsberg** |  | *bye* |

#### Replay

|  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 8 September 1935 |
| **1. SV Jena** | **4 – 2** | BC Elsterberg |

### Second round

|  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 22 September 1935 |
| VfB Königsberg | **0 – 1** | **Sportvereinigung Masovia Lyck** |
| **Berolina-LSC Berlin** | **3 – 2** | Vorwärts-Rasensport Gleiwitz |
| SC Vorwärts Breslau | **2 – 4** | **SC Minerva 93 Berlin** |
| **Dresdner Sportfreunde** | **1 – 0** | Hertha BSC |
| **PSV Chemnitz** | **4 – 2** | 1. FC Schweinfurt 05 |
| Hamburger SV | **1 – 4** | **Fortuna Düsseldorf** |
| **Eintracht Braunschweig** | **7 – 0** | 1. SV Jena |
| **Hannover 96** | **4 – 3** | Kieler SV Holstein |
| **FC Schalke 04** | **8 – 0** | Spielverein Kassel 06 |
| SpVgg Herten | **1 – 4** | **FC Hanau 93** |
| **VfL Benrath** | **5 – 3** | Eimsbütteler TV |
| VfR Köln | **0 – 2** | **SpVgg Fürth** |
| **SV Waldhof Mannheim** | **5 – 1** | VfR Wormatia Worms |
| **Freiburger FC** | **3 – 0** | SV Feuerbacgh |
| BC Augsburg | **2 – 3** | **VfR Mannheim** |
| **1. FC Nürnberg** | **8 – 0** | Ulmer FV 1894 |

### Round of 16

|  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 27 October 1935 |
| **SC Minerva 93 Berlin** | **4 – 2** | Eintracht Braunschweig |
| **Dresdner Sportfreunde** | **2 – 1** | Sportvereinigung Masovia Lyck |
| PSV Chemnitz | **1 – 3** | **1. FC Nürnberg** |
| Hannover 96 | **2 – 6** | **FC Schalke 04** |
| Fortuna Düsseldorf | **0 – 3** | **SV Waldhof Mannheim** |
| **FC Hanau 93** | **5 – 1** | Berolina-LSC Berlin |
| SpVgg Fürth | **2 – 3** | Freiburger FC |
| VfR Mannheim | **2 – 3** | **VfL Benrath** |

### Quarter-finals

|  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 10 November 1935 |
| VfL Benrath | **1 – 4** | **FC Schalke 04** |
| **SV Waldhof Mannheim** | **1 – 0** | Dresdner Sportfreunde |
| **Freiburger FC** | **2 – 1** | FC Hanau 93 |
| **1. FC Nürnberg** | **4 – 1** | SC Minerva 93 Berlin |

### Semi-finals

| FC Schalke 04 | 6  2 | Freiburger FC |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Szepan  20' (pen.), 80'
Kuzorra  35', 43', 85' (pen.)
Poertgen  65' |  | Peters  8' (pen.)
Koßmann  84' |

Rote Erde, DortmundAttendance: 32,000Referee: Broden (Duisburg)

---

| SV Waldhof Mannheim | 0  1 | 1. FC Nürnberg |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  | Spieß  52' |

Städtisches Stadion, NurembergAttendance: 15,000Referee: Dörbecker (Stuttgart)

### Final

| 1. FC Nürnberg | 2–0 | Schalke 04 |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

Rheinstadion, DüsseldorfAttendance: 60,000Referee: Alfred Birlem (Berlin)

## InfoBox

1935 Tschammerpokal
| Tournament details | |
| --- | --- |
| Country | Germany |
| Teams | 63 |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | 1. FC Nürnberg |
| Runner-up | Schalke 04 |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 67 |
|  | |


title: Edythe J. Gaines

abstract: Edythe J. Gaines was an American educator. She was the first African American and first woman to serve as a school superintendent in Connecticut. She was inducted into the Connecticut Women's Hall of Fame in 1996.

text:
# Edythe J. Gaines

**Edythe J. Gaines** (September 6, 1922 – March 23, 2006) was an American educator. She was the first African American and first woman to serve as a school superintendent in Connecticut. She was inducted into the Connecticut Women's Hall of Fame in 1996.

## Early life and education

Edythe Pauline Jones was born in Asheville, North Carolina, in 1922, the daughter of Jacob Jones, an Episcopal clergyman, and teacher Jennie Dillard Jones. She was raised in New York City after her father's death. Jones attended Hunter College as an undergraduate, earning her bachelor's degree in history and political science in 1944. She pursued further study at New York University, earning a master's degree in 1947, and much later an Ed.D. from Harvard University in 1969.

## Career

Gaines taught in the New York City public schools. In 1964, she became the second African American principal at a school in the district, and first to head a secondary school. She became an assistant superintendent of schools in 1967, and in 1973 the New York Board of Education appointed Gaines as Executive Director of the Office of Educational Planning and Support.

In 1972, her brother Frederick D. Jones, New York City regional director of the NAACP and founder of Edu-Force, a grading and testing service, was killed in his Bronx apartment. There was an investigation of Gaines' involvement with her late brother's testing service, but she was cleared of any ulterior motives.

From 1975 to 1978, Gaines served as superintendent of the Hartford city public schools, the first African American to hold that position, and the first woman to be a superintendent in a Connecticut school district. During her superintendency, she was also elected to be a director of the Hartford National Bank and Trust. She was listed among the "Highest Paid Black Public Officials" by *Ebony* magazine in 1978.

In 1979, Gaines joined Connecticut's State Department of Public Utility Control as a commissioner. She was named to the Board of Governors of Higher Education in 1992, and to the Connecticut State Board of Education in 1995. She was a trustee of Montclair State University from 1968 to 1975.

She was inducted into the Connecticut Women's Hall of Fame in 1996.

## Personal life

Edythe Jones married Albert Denis Gaines, an engineer, in 1941. They had two sons together. Albert Gaines died in 1995.

Gaines remained active in the Episcopal church during her adult life, as chair of the Commission on Ministry for the Episcopal Diocese of Connecticut, and as the head of St. Monica's Development Corporation's Second Century Plan for elderly housing in the city.

She died in 2006, at age 83, in Hartford, Connecticut.

An Edythe J. Gaines Award for Inclusive Education is given annually by the Connecticut Commission on Human Rights and Opportunities.

## InfoBox

| Edythe J. Gaines | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Edythe Pauline Jones
September 6, 1922
Asheville, North Carolina |
| Died | March 23, 2006(2006-03-23) (aged 83)
Hartford, Connecticut |
| Occupation | Educator |
| Known for | First African American and first woman to serve as a school superintendent in Connecticut |


title: Fat suppression

abstract:
Fat suppression is an MRI technique in which fat signal from adipose tissue is suppressed to better visualize uptake of contrast material by bodily tissues, reduce chemical shift artifact, and to characterize certain types of lesions such as adrenal gland tumors, bone marrow infiltration, fatty tumors, and steatosis by determining the fat content of the tissues. Due to short relaxation times, fat exhibits a strong signal in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), easily discernible on scans. Fat suppression can be achieved through various techniques as outlined below:
  - Frequency Selective Pulses (CHESS): This method leverages the difference in resonance frequency with water, employing frequency selective pulses. Known as fat saturation (fat-sat) techniques, this approach facilitates effective fat suppression.
  - Phase Contrast Techniques: Operating on the same principle as black boundary or india ink artifacts, phase contrast techniques contribute to suppressing fat signals in MRI.
  - Inversion Recovery Sequences: Utilizing short T1 relaxation time, the STIR technique involves inversion recovery sequences to achieve fat suppression.
  - Dixon Method: A distinct approach to fat suppression that is primarily used to achieve uniform fat suppression.
  - Hybrid Techniques: Innovative approaches involve the combination of multiple fat suppression techniques, exemplified by SPIR, which integrates spectral presaturation with inversion recovery. The choice of a specific fat suppression technique should be guided by several factors, including the intended purpose—whether it is for contrast enhancement or tissue characterization. Considerations such as the quantity of fat in the tissue under examination, the magnetic field strength, and the homogeneity of the main magnetic field play crucial roles in the selection process.

text:
# Fat suppression

**Fat suppression** is an MRI technique in which fat signal from adipose tissue is suppressed to better visualize uptake of contrast material by bodily tissues, reduce chemical shift artifact, and to characterize certain types of lesions such as adrenal gland tumors, bone marrow infiltration, fatty tumors, and steatosis by determining the fat content of the tissues. Due to short relaxation times, fat exhibits a strong signal in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), easily discernible on scans.

Fat suppression can be achieved through various techniques as outlined below:

1. Frequency Selective Pulses (CHESS): This method leverages the difference in resonance frequency with water, employing frequency selective pulses. Known as fat saturation (fat-sat) techniques, this approach facilitates effective fat suppression.
2. Phase Contrast Techniques: Operating on the same principle as black boundary or india ink artifacts, phase contrast techniques contribute to suppressing fat signals in MRI.
3. Inversion Recovery Sequences (STIR Technique): Utilizing short T1 relaxation time, the STIR technique involves inversion recovery sequences to achieve fat suppression.
4. Dixon Method: A distinct approach to fat suppression that is primarily used to achieve uniform fat suppression.
5. Hybrid Techniques (e.g., SPIR): Innovative approaches involve the combination of multiple fat suppression techniques, exemplified by SPIR, which integrates spectral presaturation with inversion recovery.

The choice of a specific fat suppression technique should be guided by several factors, including the intended purpose—whether it is for contrast enhancement or tissue characterization. Considerations such as the quantity of fat in the tissue under examination, the magnetic field strength, and the homogeneity of the main magnetic field play crucial roles in the selection process.


title: 1992 in Ireland

abstract: Events from the year 1992 in Ireland.

text:
# 1992 in Ireland

Events from the year **1992 in Ireland**.

## Incumbents

## Events

### Undated

## Arts and literature

## Sport

### Association football

### Gaelic football

### Golf

### Hurling

### Olympics

## Births

### Full date unknown

## Deaths

### Full date unknown

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Centuries: |  |
| Decades: |  |
| See also: | 1992 in Northern Ireland
Other events of 1992
List of years in Ireland |


abstract: The 1938–39 Svenska mästerskapet was the eighth season of Svenska mästerskapet, a tournament held to determine the Swedish Champions of men's handball. Teams qualified by winning their respective District Championships. 19 teams competed in the tournament. Västerås IK were the defending champions, but failed to qualify after being eliminated from the District Championship of Västmanland by KFUM Köping. Upsala Studenters IF won the title, defeating Redbergslids IK in the final. The final was played on 2 April in Studenternas tennishall in Uppsala, and was watched by 822 spectators.

text:
# 1938–39 Svenska mästerskapet (men's handball)

The **1938–39 Svenska mästerskapet** was the eighth season of Svenska mästerskapet, a tournament held to determine the Swedish Champions of men's handball. Teams qualified by winning their respective District Championships. 19 teams competed in the tournament. Västerås IK were the defending champions, but failed to qualify after being eliminated from the District Championship of Västmanland by KFUM Köping. Upsala Studenters IF won the title, defeating Redbergslids IK in the final. The final was played on 2 April in Studenternas tennishall in Uppsala, and was watched by 822 spectators.

## Results

### First round

### Second round

### Quarterfinals

### Semifinals

### Final

## Champions

The following players for Upsala Studenters IF received a winner's medal: Torsten Petré, Anders Vanäs, Arne Södergren, Anders Kastenholm, Bror Sanner, Bertil Lundin (1 goal in the final), Åker Persson (2), Herbert Lundin and Hans Norgren (4).

1938–39 Allsvenskan (men's handball)

## InfoBox

Svenska mästerskapet
| 1938–39 | |
| --- | --- |
| Tournament information | |
| Sport | Handball |
| Teams | 19 |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | Upsala Studenters IF (1st title) |
| Runner-up | Redbergslids IK |
|  | |


title: Emil Hübner

abstract:
Ernst Willibald Emil Hübner was a German classical scholar. He was born at Düsseldorf, the son of the historical painter Julius Hübner (1806–1882).
After studying at Berlin and Bonn, he traveled extensively with a view to antiquarian and epigraphical researches. The results of these travels were published in several important works: Inscriptiones Hispaniae Latinae, Inscriptiones Hispaniae Christianae; Inscriptiones Britanniae Latinae (1873), Inscriptiones Britanniae Christianae (1876); La Arqueologia de Espana (1888); Monumenta Linguae Ibericae (1893). Hübner also wrote two books for the classical student: Grundriss zu Vorlesungen über die römische Litteraturgeschichte, and Bibliographie der klassischen Alterthumswissenschaft. He was also author of Römische Epigraphik; Exempla Scripturae Epigraphicae Latinae (1885); and Römische Herrschaft in Westeuropa (1890). In 1870 Hübner was appointed professor of classical philology at the University of Berlin, where he died.

text:
# Emil Hübner

**Ernst Willibald Emil Hübner** (7 July 1834  21 February 1901) was a German classical scholar.

He was born at Düsseldorf, the son of the historical painter Julius Hübner (1806–1882). After studying at Berlin and Bonn, he traveled extensively with a view to antiquarian and epigraphical researches. The results of these travels were published in several important works: *Inscriptiones Hispaniae Latinae* (1869, supplement 1892), *Inscriptiones Hispaniae Christianae* (1871, supplement 1900); *Inscriptiones Britanniae Latinae* (1873), *Inscriptiones Britanniae Christianae* (1876); *La Arqueologia de Espana* (1888); *Monumenta Linguae Ibericae* (1893).

Hübner also wrote two books for the classical student: *Grundriss zu Vorlesungen über die römische Litteraturgeschichte* (4th edition, 1878, edited, with large additions, by JEB Mayor as *Bibliographical clue to Latin literature*, 1875), and *Bibliographie der klassischen Alterthumswissenschaft* (2nd edition, 1889). He was also author of *Römische Epigraphik* (2nd edition, 1892); *Exempla Scripturae Epigraphicae Latinae* (1885); and *Römische Herrschaft in Westeuropa* (1890).

In 1870 Hübner was appointed professor of classical philology at the University of Berlin, where he died.

Media related to Emil Hübner at Wikimedia Commons
Works by or about Emil Hübner at Wikisource


title: 2005 V-League (South Korea)

abstract: The 2005 V-League was the inaugural season of the V-League, the highest professional volleyball league in South Korea. The season began on 20 February 2005 to 8 May 2005. Games were played at venues in Daejeon, Incheon, Cheonan and Gumi. The inaugural season champions are Samsung Bluefangs for men's while KT&G for women's.

text:
# 2005 V-League (South Korea)

The **2005 V-League** was the inaugural season of the V-League, the highest professional volleyball league in South Korea. The season began on 20 February 2005 to 8 May 2005. Games were played at venues in Daejeon, Incheon, Cheonan and Gumi.

The inaugural season champions are Samsung Bluefangs for men's while KT&G for women's.

## Teams

### Men's clubs

CheonanDaejeonGumiIncheonclass=notpageimage|Location of teams in **V-League Men's Clubs**

| Team | Location | Stadium | Capacity |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Hyundai Capital Skywalkers | Cheonan | Yu Gwan-sun Gymnasium | 5,482 |
| Samsung Bluefangs | Daejeon | Chungmu Gymnasium | 5,000 |
| Gumi LIG Greaters | Gumi | Park Jeong-hee Gymnasium | 6,277 |
| Korean Air Jumbos | Incheon | Dowon Gymnasium | 5,000  Incheon Korean Air Jumbos |
| Sangmu Volleyball Team |  |  |
| KEPCO Vixtorm |  |  |  |

### Women's clubs

DaejeonGumiIncheonCheonanclass=notpageimage|Location of teams in **V-League Women's Clubs**

| Team | Location | Stadium | Capacity |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| KT&G | Daejeon | Chungmu Gymnasium | 5,000 |
| Korea Expressway Hi-pass | Gumi | Park Jeong-hee Gymnasium | 6,277 |
| GS Caltex KIXX | Incheon | Dowon Gymnasium | 5,000  Incheon Korean Air Jumbos |
| Heungkuk Pink Spiders | Cheonan | Yu Gwan-sun Gymnasium | 5,482 |
| Hyundai Hillstate |  |  |  |

## Regular season

### League table (Male)

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | L | Pts | SR | SPR | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Hyundai Capital Skywalkers | 20 | 18 | 2 | **38** | 3.667 | 1.173 | Championship |
| 2 | Samsung Bluefangs | 20 | 18 | 2 | **38** | 3.625 | 1.171 | Playoff |
| 3 | Gumi LIG Greaters | 20 | 9 | 11 | **29** | 1.000 | 1.018 | |
| 4 | Korean Air Jumbos | 20 | 6 | 14 | **26** | 0.551 | 0.908 |  |
| 5 | KEPCO Vixtorm | 20 | 6 | 14 | **26** | 0.542 | 0.926 | |
| 6 | Sangmu Volleyball Team | 20 | 3 | 17 | **23** | 0.309 | 0.855 | |

### League table (Female)

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | L | Pts | SR | SPR | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Korea Expressway Hi-pass | 16 | 12 | 4 | **28** | 2.668 | 1.208 | Championship |
| 2 | KT&G | 16 | 11 | 5 | **27** | 1.727 | 1.145 | Playoff |
| 3 | Hyundai Hillstate | 16 | 10 | 6 | **26** | 1.032 | 0.994 | |
| 4 | GS Caltex KIXX | 16 | 4 | 12 | **20** | 0.500 | 0.884 |  |
| 5 | Heungkuk Pink Spiders | 16 | 3 | 13 | **19** | 0.429 | 0.830 | |

## Final stage

### Bracket (Male)

|
|  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Playoff | | | | |  |  | Championship | | | | | | |
|  | || | |
|  |  | | | | | | |  | | | | | | |
|  | || |
|  |  | | | | | | | 1 | Hyundai Capital Skywalkers | 1 | 3 | 0 | 1 |  |
|  | || | | | | | |
|  | 2 | Samsung Bluefangs | 3 | 3 |  |  |  | 2 | Samsung Bluefangs | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 |  |
|  | | | | | |  |  | | | | | | | |
|  | 3 | LIG Greaters | 0 | 0 |  |  |  |  | | | | | | |
|  | | | | | |  |  | |

### Bracket (Female)

|
|  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Playoff | | | | |  |  | Championship | | | | | | |
|  | || | |
|  |  | | | | | | |  | | | | | | |
|  | || |
|  |  | | | | | | | 1 | Korea Expressway Hi-pass | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 |  |
|  | || | | | | | |
|  | 2 | KT&G | 3 |  |  |  |  | 2 | KT&G | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 |  |
|  | | | | | |  |  | | | | | | | |
|  | 3 | Hyundai Hillstate | 0 | 1 |  |  |  |  | | | | | | |
|  | | | | | |  |  | |

## Top Scorers

## Player of the Round

## Final standing

## Awards

### Statistics leaders

### Non-recorded

## InfoBox

| 2005 V-League | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| League | V-League |
| Sport | Volleyball |
| Duration | 20 February 2005 – 8 May 2005 |
| Number of games | 112 |
| Number of teams | M: 6
W: 5 |
| Total attendance | 101,436 |
| Regular season (Men's) | |
| Top seed | Hyundai Capital Skywalkers |
| Top scorer | Lee Gyeong-su (Gumi LIG Greaters) |
| Regular season (Women's) | |
| Top seed | Korea Expressway Hi-pass |
| Top scorer | Jung Dae-young (Hyundai Hillstate) |
| Finals | |
| Champions | M: Samsung Bluefangs
W: KT&G |
| Runners-up | M: Gumi LIG Greaters
W: Hyundai Hillstate |
| Finals MVP | M:  Kim Se-jin (Samsung Bluefangs)
W:  Choi Kwang-hee (KT&G) |


title: Edwin Markham House

abstract: The Edwin Markham House is a historic home located within San Jose's Kelley Park, at History Park in San Jose, California. It was once the residence of American poet Edwin Markham, who journeyed to California with his mother in 1844. He wrote the poem The Man with the Hoe, while living at the Markham House. The California Historical Landmark No. 416 plaque is located at 432 South Eighth Street in San Jose, marking the spot where the original home once stood.

text:
# Edwin Markham House

The **Edwin Markham House** is a historic home located within San Jose's Kelley Park, at History Park in San Jose, California. It was once the residence of American poet Edwin Markham, who journeyed to California with his mother in 1844. He wrote the poem *The Man with the Hoe,* while living at the Markham House. The California Historical Landmark No. 416 plaque is located at 432 South Eighth Street in San Jose, marking the spot where the original home once stood.

## History

Edwin Markham (1852–1940) was an American poet born in Oregon City, Oregon on April 23, 1852. He came to California in a covered wagon with his mother in 1844. He constructed the Greek Revival-style Markham House in the 1860s. The Markham House originally stood at 432 South Eighth Street within the San Jose State University grounds. Markham, is celebrated for his poem *The Man with the Hoe,* that he wrote in 1899 while still living at the Markham House.

In the 1870s, Markham's mother acquired the Markham House with the intention of being close to her son as he pursued his studies at San José Normal School (now San José State University). Markham was a member of the first graduating class in 1872. He continued to reside in the house as his primary residence until 1889. After graduation, he became a teacher and then elected county superintendent of schools.

Inspired by the global recognition of the poet, students and faculty at San José State University came together to establish the Edwin Markham Landmark Association, hosting their meetings in the poet's former residence. In 1920, the university acquired the property, and during the 1920s, the university repurposed it as an Edwin Markham heath cottage. Subsequently, for two decades, it functioned as the residence of the San José Center for Poetry and Literature.

In February 1987, the Markham house was relocated from its original site at 432 South Eighth Street within the San José State University grounds to History Park in San José, where it now serves as the Poetry Center San José. Extensive renovated and restoration work have been carried out to preserve its historical significance.

In March 2002, the newly refurbished Markham House was dedicated with the return of Poetry Center San José to the Markham House with a ceremony led by Dana Gioia, chair of the National Endowment for the Arts. Presently, the house serves as a writing resource center, providing workshops, open readings, children's writing activities, and a library. The first floor has an exhibit showcasing Edwin Markham memorabilia. Inside the resource room, is Markham's original bookcase, now home to a collection of poetry books for children. This assortment includes classics, recent publications, and reference materials. The second floor serves as administrative space, library, reading and writing room.

Inside the house is the Edwin Markham Exhibit that has a display of artifacts that includes Markham's poems, his cane, an original signed copy of Markham's poem, *The Man with the Hoe,* which drew inspiration from Jean-François Millet's painting depicting the toiling peasant, and a miniature book from the 1920s. Additionally, there is a framed photograph of Markham alongside his close friends Jack London, Joaquin Miller, and Ina Coolbrith. These items collectively show Markham's career and his impact on the world of poetry.

## Landmark status

The registration for the Edwin Markham House as a California Historical Landmark No. 416 dates back to January 6, 1949. In 1937, the Edwin Markham Poetry Society erected a commemorative plaque, that designates the site of the Edwin Markham Home. The marker is located at the original homesite at 432 South Eighth Street, San José. The inscription on the plaque reads:

> Site of Edwin Markham Home where the poet lived 1889–1899. It now stands at the rear preserved by Poet Laureate Bland. Markham Landmark Association and Associated Students of San Jose State College.

## InfoBox

| Edwin Markham House | |
| --- | --- |
| Markham House | |
| Markham House within History Park | |
| Location | 635 Phelan Avenue, San Jose, California, US |
| Coordinates | 37°19′13″N 121°51′32″W / 37.32028°N 121.85889°W / 37.32028; -121.85889 |
| Founder | Edwin Markham |
| Built | 1860s (1860s) |
| Built for | Edwin Markham |
| Original use | Home |
| Website | www.pcsj.org/markham-house |
|  | |
| California Historical Landmark | |
| Official name | Home of Edwin Markham |
| Designated | January 6, 1949 |
| Reference no. | 416 |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location in Santa Clara County | |


abstract: Egypt competed at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics from 15–23 August in Berlin.

text:
# Egypt at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics

**Egypt** competed at the **2009 World Championships in Athletics** from 15–23 August in Berlin.

## Team selection

## Results

Track and road events

| Event | Athletes | Heats | | Quarterfinals | | Semifinal | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| 200 m | Amr Ibrahim Mostafa Seoud | 21.44 | 51 | did not advance | | | | | |

Field and combined events

| Event | Athletes | Qualification | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Shot put | Yasser Ibrahim Farag | 18.69 | 32 | did not advance | |
| Discus throw | Omar Ahmed El Ghazaly | 62.84 | 10 | 62.83 | 9 |
| Hammer throw | Mohsen El Anany | 72.68 | 20 | did not advance | |

## InfoBox

| Egypt at the<br>2009 World Championships in Athletics | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| WA code | EGY |
| in Berlin | |
| Competitors | 4 (all male) |
| Medals | Gold 0 Silver 0 Bronze 0 Total 0 |
| World Championships in Athletics appearances | |
|  | |
|


title: Fat – The Fight of My Life

abstract: Fat: The Fight of My Life is a television series where obese people lose weight. Each episode follows a year in the life of an obese person trying to lose weight. Trained by host Jessie Pavelka. It was originally aired in the United Kingdom. The personal trainer John Cammish worked with Leanne Probert for eight months so that she would lose weight. In Probert's episode on the show, the producers checked in with her every other months, giving her challenges to determine what progress she made in losing weight. In another episode, the personal trainer Jade Heath worked with Geoff Trainer, who used to be a taxi driver, for a year to help him lose weight. Trainer's weight loss plan included gym workouts, swimming, walking, and dieting.

text:
# Fat – The Fight of My Life

***Fat: The Fight of My Life*** is a television series where obese people lose weight. Each episode follows a year in the life of an obese person trying to lose weight. Trained by host Jessie Pavelka. It was originally aired in the United Kingdom. The personal trainer John Cammish worked with Leanne Probert for eight months so that she would lose weight. In Probert's episode on the show, the producers checked in with her every other months, giving her challenges to determine what progress she made in losing weight. In another episode, the personal trainer Jade Heath worked with Geoff Trainer, who used to be a taxi driver, for a year to help him lose weight. Trainer's weight loss plan included gym workouts, swimming, walking, and dieting.

## Episodes

1. "Bejamin"
2. "Jeni"
3. "Darren"
4. "Alison"
5. "David"
6. "John"
7. "Sarah"
8. "Leanne"

## InfoBox

| *Fat: The Fight of My Life* | |
| --- | --- |
| Presented by | Jessie Pavelka |
| Country of origin | United Kingdom |
| Original release | |
| Release | 2013 (2013) <br>2013 (2013) |


title: Arthur William Trollope

abstract: Arthur William Trollope (1768–1827) was an English cleric and headmaster of Christ's Hospital from 1799.

text:
# Arthur William Trollope

**Arthur William Trollope** (1768–1827) was an English cleric and headmaster of Christ's Hospital from 1799.

## Life

Baptised on 30 September 1768, Trollope was the son of Thomas Trollope, a mercer in London. He entered Christ's Hospital in 1775 and received his education there till 1787, when he matriculated at Pembroke College, Cambridge. He graduated B.A. in 1791, M.A. in 1794, and D.D. in 1815, and was known as a classical scholar. In 1795 he was awarded the Seatonian prize for an English poem, the subject being the *Destruction of Babylon*. In 1796 he was appointed vicar of Ugley and perpetual curate of St Nicholas' Church, Berden in Essex.

In 1799, on the resignation of James Boyer, Trollope was elected headmaster of Christ's Hospital. Among his pupils were Thomas Barnes, George Townsend, and James Scholefield.

In 1814 Trollope was presented to the rectory of Colne-Engaine in Essex by the governors of Christ's Hospital, and resigned his preferments at Ugley and Berden. He resigned his post at the school on 28 November 1826, and was succeeded by the second master, John Greenwood.

Trollope died at Colne-Engaine rectory on 24 May 1827. He was a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London.

## Family

Trollope married Sarah, the daughter of William Wales, master of the Royal Mathematical School. They had a large family, the eldest son being William (1798–1863), an author.

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Lee, Sidney, ed. (1899). "Trollope, Arthur William". *Dictionary of National Biography*. Vol. 57. London: Smith, Elder & Co.


title: Emmanuel Deutz

abstract: Emmanuel Deutz (1763-1842) was a German-born French rabbi.

text:
# Emmanuel Deutz

**Emmanuel Deutz** (1763-1842) was a German-born French rabbi.

## Biography

Emmanuel Deutz was born in 1763 in Bonn, Germany.

Deutz served as a rabbi in Koblenz, Germany. He served as the Chief Rabbi of France from 1810 to 1842. Nevertheless, Deutz was not a fluent French speaker.

Deutz had a wife, Judith, and five children. His daughter Sarah married David Paul Drach. When Drach converted to Roman Catholicism, the couple separated. Meanwhile, one of Deutz's sons, Simon Deutz, also converted to Roman Catholicism.

Deutz died in 1842.

## InfoBox

| Emmanuel Deutz | |
| --- | --- |
| 19th century portrait of Emmanuel Deutz | |
| Born | 1763<br>Bonn, Germany |
| Died | 1842 (aged 7879) |
| Occupation | Rabbi |
| Children | 5, including Simon Deutz |
| Relatives | David Paul Drach (son-in-law) |


title: Endotricha plinthopa

abstract: Endotricha plinthopa is a species of snout moth in the genus Endotricha. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1886, and is known from Samoa.

text:
# Endotricha plinthopa

***Endotricha plinthopa*** is a species of snout moth in the genus *Endotricha*. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1886, and is known from Samoa.

## InfoBox

| *Endotricha plinthopa* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Pyralidae |
| Genus: | *Endotricha* |
| Species: | ***E. plinthopa*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Endotricha plinthopa***<br>Meyrick, 1886 | |
|


title: Andrzej Gryfita

abstract: Andrzej Gryfita was the Bishop of Płock in Poland from 1239 until his death in 1244 AD. He was also known as Andrzej of Brzeźnica.

text:
# Andrzej Gryfita

**Andrzej Gryfita** was the Bishop of Płock in Poland from 1239 until his death in 1244 AD. He was also known as **Andrzej of Brzeźnica**.

## Family

He was brother of Klemens of Brzeźnica.

## Career

He was elected Bishop in 1239 with the support of Bolesław, Duke of Masovia. As bishop he gained privileges from the Duke. He advocated for missions into Prussia and made grants to the Church in Zambskach.

Gryfita died on 7 January 1244. He was last mentioned in a document dated 4 August 1243, which was part of an ongoing legal action.

1. Andrzej Gryfita at Diocese of Plock on GCatholic.org
2. . Umiński, Andrzej I, Polski Słownik Biograficzny: in Konopczyński, Wrocław 1989, p102.
3. P. Nitecki, Biskupi Kościoła w Polsce. latach 965–1999. in Słownik biograficzny, Warszawa 2000
4. M. Omilanowska,Pułtusk i okolice, in J. Sito (Katalog zabytków sztuki w Polsce, Warszawa 1999.
5. Piotr Nitecki, Biskupi Kościoła w Polsce. w latach 965-1999. Słownik biograficzny, Warszawa, Instytut Wydawniczy PAX, 2000, ISBN 83-211-1311-7.
6. T. Żebrowski, Zarys dziejów diecezji płockiej, Płock 1976, p33; P. Nitecki, Biskupi Kościoła w Polsce. w latach 965–1999. Słownik biograficzny, Warszawa 2000,
7. Pułtusk i okolice, M. Omilanowska, J. Sito (Katalog zabytków sztuki w Polsce, Vol. X, z. 20), Warszawa 1999, p120.
8. J. Maciejewski, Episkopat polski doby dzielnicowej: 1180–1320, Bydgoszcz–Kraków 2003, p247
9. Codex diplomaticus Poloniae. Bartoszewicz, Warszawa 1858.


abstract: The 1924 United States presidential election in New Hampshire took place on November 4, 1924, as part of the 1924 United States presidential election which was held throughout all contemporary 48 states. Voters chose four representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. New Hampshire voted for the Republican nominee, incumbent President Calvin Coolidge of Massachusetts, over the Democratic nominee, Ambassador John W. Davis of West Virginia. Coolidge ran with former Budget Director Charles G. Dawes of Illinois, while Davis ran with Governor Charles W. Bryan of Nebraska. Also in the running that year was the Progressive Party nominee, Senator Robert M. La Follette of Wisconsin and his running mate Senator Burton K. Wheeler of Montana. La Follette’s support base was primarily among rural German and Scandinavian Americans, and he possessed little appeal in the Northeast outside a few New York and Boston anti-Prohibition precincts. Excluding the former Confederacy where the lower classes were almost entirely disfranchised, New Hampshire would prove La Follette’s third-weakest state – and overall, New Hampshire was La Follette’s tenth-weakest of 48. Coolidge won New Hampshire by a margin of 25.11% of the vote, although this was marginally lower than his national margin of 25.22% over Davis. The 1920s were a fiercely Republican decade in American politics, and New Hampshire in that era was a fiercely Republican state in presidential elections. The economic boom and social good feelings of the Roaring Twenties under popular Republican leadership virtually guaranteed Calvin Coolidge an easy win in the state against the conservative Southern Democrat John Davis, who had little appeal in Northern states like New Hampshire apart from being the only pro-League of Nations candidate. New Hampshire would still prove Davis’ third-strongest antebellum free state behind Indiana and Rhode Island. Due to La Follette’s lack of appeal vis-à-vis his Midwest and Western support base, both Coolidge and Davis exceeded their national vote share by around five percent in New Hampshire. Coolidge also enjoyed a unique personal popularity which helped him in the state and the rest of New England. He was the epitome of a traditional New England Yankee, having been born in the small-town of Plymouth Notch in neighboring Vermont, and establishing his political career in neighboring Massachusetts as the state's governor. Thus Coolidge remained especially popular with voters across the New England region.

text:
# 1924 United States presidential election in New Hampshire

The **1924 United States presidential election in New Hampshire** took place on November 4, 1924, as part of the 1924 United States presidential election which was held throughout all contemporary 48 states. Voters chose four representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

New Hampshire voted for the Republican nominee, incumbent President Calvin Coolidge of Massachusetts, over the Democratic nominee, Ambassador John W. Davis of West Virginia. Coolidge ran with former Budget Director Charles G. Dawes of Illinois, while Davis ran with Governor Charles W. Bryan of Nebraska. Also in the running that year was the Progressive Party nominee, Senator Robert M. La Follette of Wisconsin and his running mate Senator Burton K. Wheeler of Montana. La Follette’s support base was primarily among rural German and Scandinavian Americans, and he possessed little appeal in the Northeast outside a few New York and Boston anti-Prohibition precincts. Excluding the former Confederacy where the lower classes were almost entirely disfranchised, New Hampshire would prove La Follette’s third-weakest state – and overall, New Hampshire was La Follette’s tenth-weakest of 48.

Coolidge won New Hampshire by a margin of 25.11% of the vote, although this was marginally lower than his national margin of 25.22% over Davis.

The 1920s were a fiercely Republican decade in American politics, and New Hampshire in that era was a fiercely Republican state in presidential elections. The economic boom and social good feelings of the Roaring Twenties under popular Republican leadership virtually guaranteed Calvin Coolidge an easy win in the state against the conservative Southern Democrat John Davis, who had little appeal in Northern states like New Hampshire apart from being the only pro-League of Nations candidate. New Hampshire would still prove Davis’ third-strongest antebellum free state behind Indiana and Rhode Island. Due to La Follette’s lack of appeal vis-à-vis his Midwest and Western support base, both Coolidge and Davis exceeded their national vote share by around five percent in New Hampshire.

Coolidge also enjoyed a unique personal popularity which helped him in the state and the rest of New England. He was the epitome of a traditional New England Yankee, having been born in the small-town of Plymouth Notch in neighboring Vermont, and establishing his political career in neighboring Massachusetts as the state's governor. Thus Coolidge remained especially popular with voters across the New England region.

## Results

| 1924 United States presidential election in New Hampshire | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Candidate | Running mate | Popular vote | | Electoral vote | |
| | Count | | | % | Count | % |
|  | Republican | **Calvin Coolidge** of Massachusetts | **Charles Gates Dawes** of Illinois | **98,575** | **59.83%** | **4** | **100.00%** |
|  | Democratic | John William Davis of West Virginia | Charles Wayland Bryan of Nebraska | 57,201 | 34.72% | 0 | 0.00% |
|  | Progressive | Robert Marion La Follette of Wisconsin | Burton Kendall Wheeler of Montana | 8,993 | 5.46% | 0 | 0.00% |
| **Total** | | | | **164,769** | **100.00%** | **4** | **100.00%** |

### Results by county

| County | John Calvin Coolidge
Republican | | John William Davis
Democratic | | Robert M. La Follette Sr.
Progressive | | Margin | | Total votes cast |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | |
| Belknap | 5,996 | 63.79% | 3,217 | 34.23% | 186 | 1.98% | 2,779 | 29.57% | 9,399 |
| Carroll | 4,372 | 65.40% | 2,213 | 33.10% | 100 | 1.50% | 2,159 | 32.30% | 6,685 |
| Cheshire | 7,008 | 69.00% | 2,720 | 26.78% | 428 | 4.21% | 4,288 | 42.22% | 10,156 |
| Coös | 6,137 | 52.67% | 4,620 | 39.65% | 894 | 7.67% | 1,517 | 13.02% | 11,651 |
| Grafton | 10,493 | 64.12% | 5,360 | 32.75% | 511 | 3.12% | 5,133 | 31.37% | 16,364 |
| Hillsborough | 22,098 | 51.66% | 16,002 | 37.41% | 4,673 | 10.93% | 6,096 | 14.25% | 42,773 |
| Merrimack | 13,587 | 59.88% | 8,283 | 36.50% | 822 | 3.62% | 5,304 | 23.37% | 22,692 |
| Rockingham | 14,530 | 68.42% | 6,073 | 28.60% | 634 | 2.99% | 8,457 | 39.82% | 21,237 |
| Strafford | 9,167 | 56.63% | 6,445 | 39.82% | 575 | 3.55% | 2,722 | 16.82% | 16,187 |
| Sullivan | 5,187 | 68.03% | 2,268 | 29.74% | 170 | 2.23% | 2,919 | 38.28% | 7,625 |
| Totals | 98,575 | 59.83% | 57,201 | 34.72% | 8,993 | 5.46% | 41,374 | 25.11% | 164,769 |

## InfoBox

1924 United States presidential election in New Hampshire
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Nominee **Calvin Coolidge** John W. Davis Robert M. La Follette  Party Republican Democratic Progressive  Home state Massachusetts West Virginia Wisconsin  Running mate **Charles G. Dawes** Charles W. Bryan Burton K. Wheeler  Electoral vote **4** 0 0  Popular vote **98,575** 57,201 8,993  Percentage **59.83%** 34.72% 5.46% | |
| ---  County Results  **Coolidge**  50-60%  60-70% | |
| ---  **President before election**
Calvin Coolidge
Republican **Elected President**
Calvin Coolidge
Republican | |


title: Arthrostylidium scandens

abstract: Arthrostylidium scandens is a species of Arthrostylidium bamboo in the grass family.

text:
# Arthrostylidium scandens

***Arthrostylidium scandens*** is a species of *Arthrostylidium* bamboo in the grass family.

## Description

*Arthrostylidium scandens* has 3 Lodicules, 3 anthers, 2 stigmas. The species grows to 500–800 cm long.

## Distribution

The species is common to northern South America.

## InfoBox

| *Arthrostylidium scandens* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| *Clade*: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Poaceae |
| Genus: | *Arthrostylidium* |
| Species: | ***A. scandens*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Arthrostylidium scandens***<br>McClure | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| *Arthrostylidium cacuminis* McClure | |


title: Emília Pires

abstract: Emília Pires was East Timor's Minister of Finance from April 2007 until 16 February 2015. Ms. Pires was sworn in as the Minister of Finance of the V Constitutional Government of East Timor on August 8, 2012 under the leadership of Prime Minister Xanana Gusmão. In July 2012, Ms. Pires was appointed by the Secretary-General of United Nations, Ban Ki-moon, to the 26-member High-level Panel of Eminent Persons advising the United Nations on the post 2015 global development agenda.

text:
# Emília Pires

**Emília Pires** was East Timor's Minister of Finance from April 2007 until 16 February 2015. Ms. Pires was sworn in as the Minister of Finance of the V Constitutional Government of East Timor on August 8, 2012 under the leadership of Prime Minister Xanana Gusmão.

In July 2012, Ms. Pires was appointed by the Secretary-General of United Nations, Ban Ki-moon, to the 26-member High-level Panel of Eminent Persons advising the United Nations on the post 2015 global development agenda.

## Early life

In 1975, as a teenager, Emilia Pires left East Timor (then Portuguese Timor) for Australia as a refugee, with her parents, brothers and sisters. At the time, she and her family believed they would be able to return after only a few days. However, exile lasted for 24 years before Pires was able to return to East Timor.

Pires began her professional career as a junior public servant in the Victorian Government in her early 20s. She then rose to senior management level.

Before becoming Minister of Finance, Ms. Pires held senior positions with:

* World Bank, Senior Aid Management Specialist in West Bank and Gaza, where she advised both the Ministries of Finance and Planning of the Palestinian Authority and donors on aid coordination to the economic sector
* United Nations, UNMISET’s Senior Advisor to the East Timor Ministry of Planning and Finance
* UNTAET’s Head of the Planning Commission Secretariat as well as the Chief of the National Development and Planning Agency (NPDA), and
* Chief of the National Development and Planning Agency (NPDA).

## Minister of Finance

Some of Pires' main achievements are:

* Timor-Leste Transparency Portal was launched in early 2011, enabling the public to search, evaluate and analyse State expenditures in real time. The reforms helped lead to the reduction by 19 countries of the Transparency International’s Corruption Perception Index
* Emilia Pires was selected to be the first Chair of the g7+, the first forum of its kind giving fragile and conflict-affected countries a voice and place to share issues and ideas. Pires held the role until May 2014, when Minister Kaifala Marah of Sierra Leone took over.
* Until June 2014, Pires co-chaired the International Dialogue of Peacebuilding and Statebuilding with Denmark and later with Finland, and

* To improve service delivery, Pires corporatised the Ministry of Finance increasing decentralisation of some functions to line Ministries, like parts of the procurement process.

Emilia Pires led the planning process for the first Timorese National Development Plan and East Timor’s Vision 2020, as well as chairing the UNDP Working Group to produce the first East Timor National Human Development Report.

## Appointment to United Nations High-level Panel of Eminent Persons

In July 2012, Pires was appointed by the Secretary-General of United Nations, Ban Ki-moon, to the 26-member High-level Panel of Eminent Persons advising the United Nations on the Post-2015 Development Agenda.

The co-chairs of the Panel are the President of the Republic of Indonesia, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, the President of the Republic of Liberia, Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf and the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, David Cameron.

## Publications

* Co-authored "How will the Macroeconomy be Managed in an Independent East Timor? An East Timorese view" with East Timor President of the Republic, H,E. Jose Ramos-Horta in 2001, published in the IMF’s Finance and Development Magazine.
* Co-authored "National Ownership and International Trusteeship: the Case of Timor-Leste", with Mr. Michael Francino in 2007, published in Boyce James K. and Madalene O’Donnell (eds) in the Peace and the Public Purse: Economic Policies for Postwar Statebuilding.

## Education

Her educational qualifications include

## Keynotes

Pires has also been invited to act as Keynote Speaker at various high-level forums:

* the Senior Level Forum on Development Effectiveness in Fragile States in London organized by DFID, OECD, World Bank, UNDP and European Union
* the "Deepening Voice and Accountability to fight poverty" Dialogue sponsored by the Communication Implementers in Paris
* the 3rd High-Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness held in Accra, Ghana where she co-chaired the session on "New Development Challenges and New Development Partnerships: the Relevance and Urgency of Aid Reform"

## InfoBox

| Emilia Pires | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| East Timor Minister of Finance | |
| **In office**
7 April 2007  16 February 2015 | |
| President | Taur Matan Ruak |
| Prime Minister | Xanana Gusmão |
| Preceded by | Madalena Boavida |
| Succeeded by | Santina Cardoso |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Rairobo, East Timor |
| Nationality | Timorese |
| Alma mater | La Trobe University
University of Melbourne
London School of Economics |
|  | |


title: Aneurinibacillus migulanus

abstract: Aneurinibacillus migulanus is a bacterium from the genus of Aneurinibacillus. Aneurinibacillus migulanus produces the antibiotic Gramicidin S. Genome size of Aneurinibacillus migulanus strain TP115 is 5,556,554 bp.

text:
# Aneurinibacillus migulanus

***Aneurinibacillus migulanus*** is a bacterium from the genus of *Aneurinibacillus*. *Aneurinibacillus migulanus* produces the antibiotic Gramicidin S. Genome size of *Aneurinibacillus migulanus* strain TP115 is 5,556,554 bp.

## InfoBox

| *Aneurinibacillus migulanus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Bacillota |
| Class: | Bacilli |
| Order: | Bacillales |
| Family: | Paenibacillaceae |
| (unranked): | *Aneurinibacillus* group |
| Genus: | *Aneurinibacillus* |
| Species: | ***Aneurinibacillus migulanus***<br>(Takagi et al. 1993) Shida et al. 1996 |
|
| Synonyms | |
| *Bacillus migulanus* | |


title: Aneurinibacillus humi

abstract: Aneurinibacillus humi is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, aerobic and motile bacterium from the genus of Aneurinibacillus which has been isolated from soil from Mykhailyky in Ukraine.

text:
# Aneurinibacillus humi

***Aneurinibacillus humi*** is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, aerobic and motile bacterium from the genus of *Aneurinibacillus* which has been isolated from soil from Mykhailyky in Ukraine.

## InfoBox

| *Aneurinibacillus humi* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Bacillota |
| Class: | Bacilli |
| Order: | Bacillales |
| Family: | Paenibacillaceae |
| (unranked): | *Aneurinibacillus* group |
| Genus: | *Aneurinibacillus* |
| Species: | ***Aneurinibacillus humi***<br>Lee and Lee 2016 |
|
| Type strain | |
| U33 | |


title: Aneurinibacillus sediminis

abstract: Aneurinibacillus sediminis is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, obligately aerobic, rod-shaped and motile bacterium from the genus of Aneurinibacillus which has been isolated from sediments of a lagoon.

text:
# Aneurinibacillus sediminis

***Aneurinibacillus sediminis*** is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, obligately aerobic, rod-shaped and motile bacterium from the genus of *Aneurinibacillus* which has been isolated from sediments of a lagoon.

## InfoBox

| *Aneurinibacillus sediminis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Bacillota |
| Class: | Bacilli |
| Order: | Bacillales |
| Family: | Paenibacillaceae |
| (unranked): | *Aneurinibacillus* group |
| Genus: | *Aneurinibacillus* |
| Species: | ***Aneurinibacillus sediminis***<br>Subhash et al. 2017 |
|
| Type strain | |
| 1-10M-8-7-50 | |


title: Edward M. Grout

abstract: Edward Marshall Grout was an American lawyer and politician from New York. He served as first Borough President of Brooklyn, and later as New York City Comptroller.

text:
# Edward M. Grout

**Edward Marshall Grout** (October 27, 1861 – November 9, 1931) was an American lawyer and politician from New York. He served as first Borough President of Brooklyn, and later as New York City Comptroller.

## Life

Grout was born on October 27, 1861, in New York City, the son of Edward Grout and Fanny Marshall. His paternal grandfather was assemblyman Paul Grout, and he was a descendant of Jonathan Grout.

Grout studied at Colgate University, graduating from there in 1884. After he graduated, he studied law in the office of Stewart L. Woodford. He was admitted to the bar in 1885 and stayed in Woodford's firm for the next seven years. He then formed a partnership with future New York City mayor William Jay Gaynor under the name Gaynor, Grout & De Fere. When Gaynor became a judge a year later, the firm became Grout, De Fere & Mayer. Almet Francis Jenks later joined the firm.

Grout served as a private in the 23rd Regiment of the New York National Guard from 1887 to 1892. In 1894, he was appointed judge advocate, with the rank of major, of the Second Brigade.

In 1895, Grout was the Democratic candidate for Mayor of Brooklyn, but he lost to Charles A. Schieren. A prominent advocate for the City of Greater New York, he was elected the first Borough President of Brooklyn, serving from 1897 to 1901. He was elected New York City Comptroller in 1901, serving until 1905. He was a delegate to the 1904 Democratic National Convention.

Grout was president of the Brooklyn bank. When the bank closed in 1911, he was indicted on the charge he swore to a false report on the bank's financial condition. Three and a half years later, he was found guilty after a nine-week trial and sentenced to a year in prison. He was released on bail and the Appellate Division ordered a new trial. The indictment was then dismissed by the district attorney. He then returned to law, practicing law with his brother Paul on 115 Broadway. In 1924, he moved to Greens Farms, Connecticut, and was admitted to the Connecticut state bar.

In 1899, Grout married Ida L. Loeschigk. They had two children, Jonathan (judge of the Fairfield town court) and Catherine. He was a member of the Montauk Club and the New York County Lawyers Association. He was a trustee of Colgate University since 1895.

Grout died at his home in Greens Farms on November 9, 1931. He was buried in Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn.

## InfoBox

| Edward M. Grout | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Edward Marshall Grout
(1861-10-27)October 27, 1861
New York, New York |
| Died | November 9, 1931(1931-11-09) (aged 70)
Greens Farms, Connecticut |
| Resting place | Green-Wood Cemetery |
| Education | Colgate University |
| Occupation(s) | Lawyer, politician |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Signature | |
|  | |