title: Argulus foliaceus

abstract: Argulus foliaceus, also known as the common fish louse, is a species of fish lice in the family Argulidae. It is "the most common and widespread native argulid in the Palaearctic" and "one of the most widespread crustacean ectoparasites of freshwater fish in the world", considering its distribution and range of hosts. It can cause the severe disease state argulosis in a wide variety of fish species. It is responsible for epizootic outbreaks that have led to the collapse of aquaculture operations. Fish lice are not related to lice, which are insects.

text:
# Argulus foliaceus

***Argulus foliaceus***, also known as the **common fish louse**, is a species of fish lice in the family Argulidae. It is "the most common and widespread native argulid in the Palaearctic" and "one of the most widespread crustacean ectoparasites of freshwater fish in the world", considering its distribution and range of hosts. It can cause the severe disease state argulosis in a wide variety of fish species. It is responsible for epizootic outbreaks that have led to the collapse of aquaculture operations. Fish lice are not related to lice, which are insects.

## Description

A typical fish louse of the genus *Argulus* is very flat with an oval or rounded carapace, two compound eyes, sucking mouthparts with a piercing stylet, and two suction cups it uses to attach to its host. These "suctorial organs" are the first of its two pairs of maxillae, modified in shape. Its paired appendages have hooks and spines, and are used for swimming. *A. foliaceus* in particular is up to 7 millimeters long by 5 millimeters wide. The female is larger than the male and has a visible pair of spermathecae on its posterior end, in which the male deposits sperm.

## Life cycle

The common fish louse lives in marine, brackish, and freshwater environments. All life stages of both sexes are parasitic. It attaches to its host, usually a fish, via its suction cups, pierces the skin with its sharp stylet, and feeds on blood. It may live in the gills. A heavy infestation causes inflammation of the skin, open hemorrhaging wounds, increased production of mucus, loss of scales, and corrosion of the fins. The wounds are often infected with bacteria and fungi, which further degrade the skin layers. The fish can become anemic. During feeding, the louse also injects digestive enzymes into the flesh. Infested fish may exhibit loss of appetite and slowed growth, and behavioral signs such as erratic swimming and rubbing up against aquarium walls. The damage and infection cause stress and mortality.

The common fish louse is also a vector for pathogens, introducing organisms such as bacteria, flagellates, and the virus that causes spring viraemia of carp. It is an intermediate host to nematodes of the family Skrjabillanidae.

To locate its host, the fish louse uses vision, olfaction, and mechanical sensation. During light hours it searches visually for a host, usually remaining still in ambush. When it is dark the louse is more active, swimming about to encounter a host. It senses the smell of the fish and the movement of the water around it. It also becomes more active in searching when it has not fed in over 24 hours.

During the reproductive cycle, the male and female fish louse copulate upon the body of the host, and the female detaches every few days to swim to the substrate and lay eggs. It favors hard strata, and its eggs can be collected by providing it with a wooden board to lay them on. It lays more clutches during daylight hours than at night.

The larva of the fish louse has two main stages. In its newly hatched stage it has been termed a "metanauplius", like the nauplius of many other crustaceans, but with a swimming apparatus that is more developed. It may even be too well developed for the larva to be called a nauplius at all. The newly hatched larva can parasitize a host, attaching to it with its hooked antennae because it lacks suction cups. A second function of its hook-lined antennae is an apparent grooming behavior, in which it drags the antennae across the setae of its swimming legs to dislodge debris. In the second main stage, after its first molt, it is simply called a "juvenile", because it is very similar to the adult, only smaller. It can swim just as efficiently as the adult. The larva molts eleven times before reaching adulthood.

## Hosts

This parasite "has been recorded from practically every freshwater fish species within its natural range". Food and sport fish and other commercially important species parasitized include carp and minnows such as goldfish and koi, members of the sunfish family, and salmonids such as salmon and trout. Hosts include blue bream (*Ballerus ballerus*), silver bream (*Blicca bjoerkna*), European eel (*Anguilla anguilla*), northern pike (*Esox lucius*), three-spined stickleback (*Gasterosteus aculeatus*), pumpkinseed (*Lepomis gibbosus*), ide (*Leuciscus idus*), abu mullet (*Liza abu*), European perch (*Perca fluviatilis*), common roach (*Rutilus rutilus*), common rudd (*Scardinius erythropthalmus*), wels catfish (*Silurus glanis*), zander (*Sander lucioperca*), tench (*Tinca tinca*), and Atlantic horse mackerel (*Trachurus trachurus*).

While it is a generalist parasite not specific to a host taxon, it does display preferences, apparently preferring larger and heavier fish over smaller, and certain species over others when given a choice.

It has also been observed on frogs and toads.

## Impacts

Heavy infestations in fish stocks can lead to large-scale losses. Major outbreaks in rainbow trout fisheries in the United Kingdom have resulted in total losses. Carp aquaculture in Russia has experienced infestations in which fish were coated in "several hundred" parasites before dying. Parasites infested 100% of the fish in a sample at a stricken carp farm in Turkey, with up to 1000 fish lice per individual.

The fish louse will readily lay its eggs on hard objects such as wooden boards, and these can be removed from the water to reduce the egg load in the fishery. A short bath in a sodium chloride solution can reduce the parasite load on a fish, but this treatment must be done carefully, because too short a duration or too dilute a solution is ineffective, while too long or too concentrated a bath can harm the fish.

## InfoBox

| *Argulus foliaceus* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Ichthyostraca |
| Order: | Arguloida |
| Family: | Argulidae |
| Genus: | *Argulus* |
| Species: | ***A. foliaceus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Argulus foliaceus***<br>(Linnaeus, 1758) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Monoculus foliaceus* Linnaeus, 1758 | |


title: 1990 Swedish motorcycle Grand Prix

abstract: The 1990 Swedish motorcycle Grand Prix was the twelfth round of the 1990 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on the weekend of 10–12 August 1990 at the Anderstorp.

text:
# 1990 Swedish motorcycle Grand Prix

The **1990 Swedish motorcycle Grand Prix** was the twelfth round of the 1990 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on the weekend of 10–12 August 1990 at the Anderstorp.

## 500 cc race report

Last year, Wayne Rainey lost any chance at the championship by crashing on this track, and this year he has a points advantage on Kevin Schwantz, but a DNF would just about erase the lead. He’s asked:

> Q: “Is this going to be one of the occasions when you go for points rather than a win?”
>
> WR: “Well, I’m going to go for both; it’s going to be tough tomorrow for those guys that have been going fast—if they go the same speed tomorrow; so we’re just going to ride around, have some fun and collect all the points we can get.”
> Q: “You’ll be satisfied then if you don’t win?”
>
> WR: “No.”

At the light, Rainey gets the start and is followed by Eddie Lawson, Mick Doohan, Randy Mamola, Carl Fogarty and Wayne Gardner. Schwantz is behind with another bad start.

Schwantz soon moves into fourth place, but then crashes out and ends much hope for the championship.

The race develops into two pairs: Rainey and Lawson on the Yamahas, then a small gap to the Hondas of Doohan and Gardner. Will Lawson stay behind Rainey and help him out as he said he would earlier in the season?

Gardner leaves Doohan and shows Lawson a wheel, but Lawson keeps Gardner under control for the moment. Ron Haslam crashes and runs off the track just as the leaders zoom in.

Gardner isn’t able to match Rainey and Lawson’s pace and finishes in third, and Lawson’s second place may have been deliberate in order to help teammate Rainey.

## 500 cc classification

| Pos. | Rider | Team | Manufacturer | Time/Retired | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **Wayne Rainey** | **Marlboro Team Roberts** | **Yamaha** | 46:01.689 | **20** |
| 2 | **Eddie Lawson** | **Marlboro Team Roberts** | **Yamaha** | +1.149 | **17** |
| 3 | **Wayne Gardner** | **Rothmans Honda Team** | **Honda** | +3.564 | **15** |
| 4 | **Mick Doohan** | **Rothmans Honda Team** | **Honda** | +22.564 | **13** |
| 5 | **Niall Mackenzie** | **Lucky Strike Suzuki** | **Suzuki** | +49.333 | **11** |
| 6 | **Carl Fogarty** | **Team ROC Elf La Cinq** | **Honda** | +1:07.973 | **10** |
| 7 | **Jean Philippe Ruggia** | **Sonauto Gauloises** | **Yamaha** | +1:08.831 | **9** |
| 8 | **Juan Garriga** | **Ducados Yamaha** | **Yamaha** | +1:20.431 | **8** |
| 9 | **Alex Barros** | **Cagiva Corse** | **Cagiva** | +1 Lap | **7** |
| 10 | **Ron Haslam** | **Cagiva Corse** | **Cagiva** | +1 Lap | **6** |
| 11 | **Marco Papa** | **Team ROC Elf La Cinq** | **Honda** | +1 Lap | **5** |
| 12 | **Cees Doorakkers** | **HRK Motors** | **Honda** | +1 Lap | **4** |
| 13 | **Peter Linden** |  | **Honda** | +1 Lap | **3** |
| Ret | Eero Kuparinen |  | Honda | Retirement |  |
| Ret | Randy Mamola | Cagiva Corse | Cagiva | Retirement |  |
| Ret | Kevin Schwantz | Lucky Strike Suzuki | Suzuki | Retirement |  |
| Ret | Andreas Leuthe | Librenti Corse | Honda | Retirement |  |
| Ret | Christian Sarron | Sonauto Gauloises | Yamaha | Retirement |  |
| Sources: | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

1990 Swedish Grand Prix
| Race details | |
| --- | --- |
| Race 12 of 15 races in the<br>1990 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season | |
|  | |
| Date | 12 August 1990 |
| Official name | Nordic TT |
| Location | Scandinavian Raceway |
| Course | * Permanent racing facility * 4.025 km (2.501 mi) |
| 500cc | |
| Pole position  Rider  Kevin Schwantz  Time  1:30.785  Fastest lap  Rider  Wayne Rainey  Time  1:31.107  Podium  First  Wayne Rainey  Second  Eddie Lawson  Third  Wayne Gardner | |
| 250cc | |
| Pole position  Rider  John Kocinski  Time  1:35.105  Fastest lap  Rider  John Kocinski  Time  1:34.833  Podium  First  Carlos Cardús  Second  John Kocinski  Third  Masahiro Shimizu | |
| 125cc | |
| Pole position  Rider  Stefan Prein  Time  1:41.786  Fastest lap  Rider  Stefan Prein  Time  1:41.909  Podium  First  Hans Spaan  Second  Alessandro Gramigni  Third  Doriano Romboni | |


title: Edwards English School, Jamtara

abstract: Edwards English School, Jamtara is an English medium high school affiliated to the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE), New Delhi. It is situated in Budhudih village of Jamtara, Jamtara District, Jharkhand. It was established in 1995 by A. D. Shenoy and George Kurien.

text:
# Edwards English School, Jamtara

**Edwards English School, Jamtara** (informally **EES**) is an English medium high school affiliated to the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE), New Delhi. It is situated in Budhudih village of Jamtara, Jamtara District, Jharkhand. It was established in 1995 by A. D. Shenoy and George Kurien.

## School magazine

The *Edwardian* is an annual collection of school happenings. It has English and Hindi sections and contains reports, speeches, photographs, poems, articles, and case studies of the school.

## Sports

The sports curriculum was designed and implemented by Rishikesh Singh and Alfred Francis, who were sports teachers at the school. There are facilities for students and staff consisting of playing fields for football, basketball and a cricket ground.

## InfoBox

| Edwards English School | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | |
| Jamtara, Jharkhand, India | |
| Information | |
| School type | Co-education |
| Motto | In God We Trust |
| Founded | 1995 |
| Founder | Bro. A.D. Shenoy |
| School board | ICSE |
| Principal | Mr. Anthony Reis |
| Language | English |
| Houses | 4 |
| Colour(s) |  |
| Nickname | EES |
| Website | www.edwardschool.co.in |


title: Enge, Estonia

abstract: Enge is a village in Põhja-Pärnumaa Parish, Pärnu County in southwestern Estonia. Enge is the birthplace of actor Mart Toome.

text:
# Enge, Estonia

**Enge** is a village in Põhja-Pärnumaa Parish, Pärnu County in southwestern Estonia.

Enge is the birthplace of actor Mart Toome.

## InfoBox

| Enge | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Enge | |
| Coordinates: 58°38′33″N 24°33′28″E / 58.64250°N 24.55778°E / 58.64250; 24.55778 | |
| Country | Estonia |
| County | Pärnu County |
| Parish | Põhja-Pärnumaa Parish |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |


title: 1995 Connecticut Coyotes season

abstract: The 1995 Connecticut Coyotes season was the first of two seasons for the Connecticut Coyotes. They finished the 1995 Arena Football League season 1–11 and were one of three teams in the National Conference to miss the playoffs.

text:
# 1995 Connecticut Coyotes season

The **1995 Connecticut Coyotes season** was the first of two seasons for the Connecticut Coyotes. They finished the 1995 Arena Football League season 1–11 and were one of three teams in the National Conference to miss the playoffs.

## Regular season

### Schedule

| Week | Date | Opponent | Results | | Game site (attendance) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | Final score | Team record | |
| 1 | May 13 | Orlando Predators | **L** 43–45 | 0–1 | Hartford Civic Center (7,643) |
| 2 | May 20 | at St. Louis Stampede | **L** 40–42 | 0–2 | Kiel Center (8,774) |
| 3 | May 25 | Iowa Barnstormers | **L** 18–51 | 0–3 | Harford Civic Center (7,340) |
| 4 | June 3 | at Albany Firebirds | **L** 34–57 | 0–4 | Knickerbocker Arena (11,994) |
| 5 | June 9 | Charlotte Rage | **L** 22–33 | 0–5 | Hartford Civic Center (7,059) |
| 6 | June 16 | at Charlotte Rage | **L** 24–53 | 0–6 | Independence Arena (7,988) |
| 7 | June 23 | Albany Firebirds | **L** 31–63 | 0–7 | Hartford Civic Center (7,831) |
| 8 | July 1 | at Miami Hooters | **W** 60–39 | 1–7 | Miami Arena (4,500) |
| 9 | July 8 | Tampa Bay Storm | **L** 32–38 | 1–8 | Hartford Civic Center (7,521) |
| 10 | *Bye* | | | | | | | |
| 11 | July 21 | at Tampa Bay Storm | **L** 32–60 | 1–9 | ThunderDome (12,825) |
| 12 | July 29 | San Jose SaberCats | **L** 44–48 | 1–10 | Hartford Civic Center (9,724) |
| 13 | August 4 | at Orlando Predators | **L** 29–62 | 1–11 | Orlando Arena (15,638) |

## Standings

| Team | Overall | | | Division | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Wins | Losses | Percentage | Wins | Losses | Percentage |
| **National Conference** | | | | | | |
| **Eastern Division** | | | | | | |
| Albany Firebirds | 7 | 5 | 0.583 | 3 | 1 | 0.750 |
| Charlotte Rage | 5 | 7 | 0.417 | 3 | 1 | 0.750 |
| Connecticut Coyotes | 1 | 11 | 0.083 | 0 | 4 | 0.000 |
| **Southern Division** | | | | | | |
| Tampa Bay Storm | 10 | 2 | 0.833 | 4 | 0 | 1.000 |
| Orlando Predators | 7 | 5 | 0.583 | 2 | 2 | 0.500 |
| Miami Hooters | 1 | 11 | 0.083 | 0 | 4 | 0.000 |
| **American Conference** | | | | | | |
| **Central Division** | | | | | | |
| St. Louis Stampede | 9 | 3 | 0.750 | 4 | 2 | 0.667 |
| Iowa Barnstormers | 7 | 5 | 0.583 | 4 | 2 | 0.667 |
| Memphis Pharaohs | 6 | 6 | 0.500 | 3 | 3 | 0.500 |
| Milwaukee Mustangs | 4 | 8 | 0.333 | 1 | 5 | 0.167 |
| **Western Division** | | | | | | |
| San Jose SaberCats | 8 | 4 | 0.667 | 2 | 2 | 0.500 |
| Arizona Rattlers | 7 | 5 | 0.583 | 3 | 1 | 0.750 |
| Las Vegas Sting | 6 | 6 | 0.500 | 1 | 3 | 0.250 |

* *Green indicates clinched playoff berth*
* *Blue indicates division champion*
* *Grey indicates best regular season record*

## Awards

| Position | Player | Award | All-Arena team |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Fullback/linebacker | Les Barley | - | 1st |

## InfoBox

| 1995 Connecticut Coyotes season | |
| --- | --- |
| Head coach | Rick Buffington |
| Home field | Hartford Civic Center |
| Results | |
| Record | 1–11 |
| Division place | 3rd, Eastern |
| Playoff finish | *Did not make playoffs* |
|


title: England–Scotland Professional Match

abstract: The England–Scotland Professional Match was an annual men's professional golf competition between teams representing England and Scotland. It was played from 1903 to the start of World War I and was then revived in 1932 and played until the start of World War II. The match was played on a single day, generally a few days before the Open Championship. Except on one occasion, there were 12 players in each team who played 12 singles matches and 6 foursomes. Scotland won the inaugural match in 1903 but didn't win another match, although three matches were tied. The event was organised by the PGA and only members of the PGA were eligible to play.

text:
# England–Scotland Professional Match

The **England–Scotland Professional Match** was an annual men's professional golf competition between teams representing England and Scotland. It was played from 1903 to the start of World War I and was then revived in 1932 and played until the start of World War II. The match was played on a single day, generally a few days before the Open Championship. Except on one occasion, there were 12 players in each team who played 12 singles matches and 6 foursomes. Scotland won the inaugural match in 1903 but didn't win another match, although three matches were tied. The event was organised by the PGA and only members of the PGA were eligible to play.

## History

In 1902 an international match between English and Scottish amateur golfers was played at Royal Liverpool Golf Club prior to the Amateur Championship there. The match consisted of 10 singles matches played over 36 holes. The following year the Professional Golfers' Association decided to organise a similar match for professionals at Prestwick, before the 1903 Open Championship. It was originally planned to play 36-hole singles but it was later decided to play both singles and foursomes. Because only members of the PGA were eligible to play, a number of Scottish golfers were not available for selection, including William Auchterlonie, Andrew Kirkaldy and Archie Simpson. Tom Williamson was originally selected for the England team but was replaced by Fred Collins.

The 1908 match was abandoned because of bad weather. The England team was: Tom Ball, George Cawsey, Phil Gaudin, Ernest Gray, Rowland Jones, Charles Mayo, Ted Ray, James Sherlock, J.H. Taylor, Harry Vardon, Tom Vardon, Tom Williamson. The Scottish team was: James Braid, George Duncan, James Hepburn, Sandy Herd, John Hunter, Andrew Kirkaldy, Ben Sayers, Ben Sayers, Jr., Ralph Smith, Tom Watt, Robert Thomson, Jack White.

In 1909 there was a dispute about which team Fred Robson would represent. He was born in Wales but apparently had a Scottish father and English mother and was initially selected for both sides. Having learnt his golf in England he eventually chose to represent that country. A meeting of the PGA on the following Monday accepted the principle that the player could choose in such situations. However this account is contradicted by evidence from the 1891 census of Wales which records that his father was born in Birmingham and mother in Holywell, Wales.

There was no match in 1911 because a "Coronation Match" had been organised between teams of amateurs and professionals on the Saturday before the Open Championship, 24 June. The match was in celebration of the coronation of George V on 22 June. The match consisted of 9 foursomes matches, each over 36 holes and resulted in an 8–1 win for the professionals.

The PGA decided that the 1914 match would not be played at the same time as the Open Championship. The proprietors of Country Life agreed to provide a cup. It was planned to play the 1914 match at Royal Mid-Surrey Golf Club on 22 October. Even after the outbreak of World War I it was decided to still hold the event and to raise money for the Prince of Wales' War Fund but the match was eventually cancelled. A charity match was played at Fulwell Golf Course on 12 December 1914 between English and Scottish members of the Southern section of the PGA in aid of Princess Mary's Christmas Gifts Fund for soldiers and sailors. The match followed the same format as the full international. The English players won by 8 matches to 6 with 4 matches halved.

England won all 7 matches played from 1932 to 1938. The closest match was in 1937 when Scotland led 4–0 after the foursomes but England won 9 of the 12 singles to win 9–7. England and Scotland played two matches in 1938 since they also met in the Llandudno International Golf Trophy in September. Henry Cotton was selected for the England team in 1932 but declined the invitation and was replaced by George Oke. Cotton never played in any of the matches.

The 1939 match was cancelled because of the expense and difficulty of collecting the entrance charges on the Old Course at St Andrews. The PGA has already received permission from the Town Council to charge for entry.

## Format

Except in 1907 the teams had 12 players. There were 12 singles matches and 6 foursomes. Matches were over 18 holes. In the earlier period the singles were played in the morning and the foursomes in the afternoon but when the event was revived in 1932 the order was reversed. In 1907 there were 16 in each team who each played a 36-hole singles match. The result was decided by the number of matches won, halved matches were not included in the final score. In the matches before World War I the players went out in ranking order with the best players going out first. The same principle was applied to the foursomes with the two best players on each team playing each other in the first foursomes. Generally the same players contested the singles and the foursomes. However, in 1932 Sandy Herd and Peter Robertson played in the foursomes but were replaced by the reserves, Jock Ballantine and Jimmy Adams in the singles. In 1933 Robertson again missed the singles and Jack McMillan played instead.

## Results

| Year | Date | Venue | Winners | Score | Ref |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1903 | 8 June | Prestwick | Scotland | 9–8 |  |
| 1904 | 4 June | Royal St George's | Tie | 8–8 |  |
| 1905 | 3 June | St Andrews | Tie | 7–7 |  |
| 1906 | 11 June | Muirfield | England | 12–6 |  |
| 1907 | 15 June | Royal Liverpool | England | 8–5 |  |
| 1908 | 13 June | Prestwick | Abandoned | |  |
| 1909 | 5 June | Royal Cinque Ports | England | 11–4 |  |
| 1910 | 18 June | St Andrews | England | 11–5 |  |
| 1911 | 24 June | Royal St George's | Coronation Match | | |
| 1912 | 18 June | Muirfield | Tie | 8–8 |  |
| 1913 | 17 June | Royal Liverpool | England | 13–4 |  |
| 1914 | 22 October | Royal Mid-Surrey | Cancelled | | |
| 1915–1931: Not held | | | | | |
| 1932 | 4 June | Prince's | England | 13–3 |  |
| 1933 | 1 July | Barnton, Edinburgh | England | 10–5 |  |
| 1934 | 23 June | Royal St George's | England | 11–3 |  |
| 1935 | 22 June | Muirfield | England | 13–4 |  |
| 1936 | 20 June | Royal Liverpool | England | 13–4 |  |
| 1937 | 3 July | Carnoustie | England | 9–7 |  |
| 1938 | 2 July | Royal St George's | England | 10–6 |  |
| 1939 | 1 July | St Andrews | Cancelled | |  |

## Appearances

The following are those who played in at least one of the 16 matches. Laurie Ayton, Snr, George Duncan, Tom Fernie and Sandy Herd played for Scotland in both the earlier period (1903–1913) and the later matches (1932–1938). No Englishman played in both periods.

### England

#### 1903–1913

#### 1932–1938

### Scotland

#### 1903–1913

#### 1932–1938

## InfoBox

England–Scotland
Professional Match
| Tournament information | |
| --- | --- |
| Established | 1903 |
| Format | Team match play |
| Month played | June/July |
| Final year | 1938 |
| Final champion | |
| England | |


abstract: The World Allround Speed Skating Championships for Men took place on 17 and 18 February 1990 in Innsbruck at the Eisschnelllaufbahn Innsbruck ice rink. Title holder was the Netherlander Leo Visser.

text:
# 1990 World Allround Speed Skating Championships

The **World Allround Speed Skating Championships for Men** took place on 17 and 18 February 1990 in Innsbruck at the Eisschnelllaufbahn Innsbruck ice rink.

Title holder was the Netherlander Leo Visser.

## Classification

| Rank | Skater | Country | Points <br>Samalog | 500m | 5000m | 1500m | 10,000m |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Johann Olav Koss** | Norway | **164.099** | 38.86 (11) | 7:00.50 (2) | 1:57.19 (3) | 14:42.52 (3) |
|  | Ben van der Burg | Netherlands | 164.489 | 38.79 (7) | 7:01.13 (3) | **1:56.23** | 14:56.87 (5) |
|  | Bart Veldkamp | Netherlands | 164.648 | 39.72 (22) | **6:56.82** | 1:58.36 (6) | **14:35.87** |
| 4 | Gerard Kemkers | Netherlands | 165.471 | 38.51 (4) | 7:05.85 (4) | 1:58.19 (4) | 14:59.60 (6) |
| 5 | Thomas Bos | Netherlands | 166.816 | 39.66 (21) | 7:08.57 (5) | 1:58.40 (7) | 14:56.67 (4) |
| 6 | Geir Karlstad | Norway | 166.931 | 39.82 (23) | 7:13.01 (6) | 1:59.08 (9) | 14:42.34 (2) |
| 7 | Michael Hadschieff | Austria | 167.108 | 38.61 (5) | 7:15.07 (9) | 1:58.35 (5) | 15:10.82 (8) |
| 8 | Joakim Karlberg | Sweden | 168.097 | 39.28 (18) | 7:14.10 (8) | 1:58.65 (8) | 15:17.14 (10) |
| 9 | Danny Kah | Australia | 168.455 | 40.01 (26) | 7:13.17 (7) | 2:00.04 (11) | 15:02.30 (7) |
| 10 | Ådne Søndrål | Norway | 168.850 | 38.06 (2) | 7:21.23 (19) | 1:56.99 (2) | 15:53.42 (16) |
| 11 | Tomas Gustafson | Sweden | 169.498 | 39.22 (16) | 7:18.04 (12) | 2:00.67 (16) | 15:25.02 (11) |
| 12 | Georg Herda | West Germany | 170.257 | 38.82 (9) | 7:19.51 (15) | 2:01.07 (17) | 15:42.61 (14) |
| 13 | Kazuhiro Sato | Japan | 170.640 | 40.41 (30) | 7:16.76 (11) | 2:01.32 (20) | 15:14.65 (9) |
| 14 | Masahiko Omura | Japan | 170.875 | 39.23 (17) | 7:19.47 (14) | 2:00.13 (12) | 15:48.41 (15) |
| 15 | Christian Eminger | Austria | 170.875 | 40.82 (33) | 7:15.37 (10) | 2:00.52 (15) | 15:26.91 (12) |
| 16 | Frank Dittrich | East Germany | 172.108 | 40.45 (31) | 7:18.51 (13) | 2:02.69 (31) | 15:38.22 (13) |
| NC17 | Bae Ki-tae | South Korea | 122.893 | **37.37** | 7:35.67 (32) | 1:59.87 (10) |  |
| NC18 | Eric Flaim | United States | 123.348 | 38.16 (3) | 7:28.22 (25) | 2:01.10 (19) |  |
| NC19 | Toru Aoyanagi | Japan | 123.353 | 38.81 (8) | 7:21.80 (20) | 2:01.09 (18) |  |
| NC20 | Mariusz Maślanka | Poland | 123.407 | 38.92 (14) | 7:23.47 (23) | 2:00.42 (14) |  |
| NC21 | Peter Adeberg | East Germany | 123.715 | 38.69 (6) | 7:22.39 (21) | 2:02.36 (26) |  |
| NC22 | Benoît Lamarche | Canada | 123.774 | 38.88 (13) | 7:28.51 (27) | 2:00.13 (12) |  |
| NC23 | Markus Tröger | West Germany | 124.013 | 39.40 (20) | 7:19.73 (16) | 2:01.92 (24) |  |
| NC24 | Naoki Kotake | Japan | 124.585 | 38.86 (11) | 7:28.45 (26) | 2:02.64 (29) |  |
| NC25 | Michael Spielmann | East Germany | 124.649 | 39.97 (25) | 7:21.09 (18) | 2:01.71 (23) |  |
| NC26 | Konstantin Kalistratov | Soviet Union | 124.957 | 39.20 (15) | 7:31.97 (30) | 2:01.68 (22) |  |
| NC27 | Zsolt Zakarias | Austria | 125.450 | 40.03 (27) | 7:25.64 (24) | 2:02.57 (28) |  |
| NC28 | Timo Järvinen | Finland | 125.630 | 40.65 (32) | 7:20.97 (17) | 2:02.65 (30) |  |
| NC29 | Kiril Klisho | Soviet Union | 125.648 | 38.83 (10) | 7:41.48\* (34) | 2:02.01 (25) |  |
| NC30 | Andrey Muratov | Soviet Union | 125.756 | 39.95 (24) | 7:33.16 (31) | 2:01.47 (21) |  |
| NC31 | Aleksandr Trushin | Soviet Union | 126.300 | 40.97 (34) | 7:22.67 (22) | 2:03.19 (32) |  |
| NC32 | Phillip Tahmindjis | Australia | 126.531 | 40.28 (29) | 7:31.58 (29) | 2:03.28 (33) |  |
| NC33 | Jiří Kyncl | Czechoslovakia | 128.342 | 41.26 (35) | 7:29.09 (28) | 2:06.52 (34) |  |
| NC34 | Dave Silk | United States | 128.355 | 40.14 (28) | 7:54.15\* (36) | 2:02.40 (27) |  |
| NC35 | Liu Wei | China | 128.466 | 39.32 (19) | 7:48.86 (35) | 2:06.78 (35) |  |
| NC36 | Martin Feigenwinter | Switzerland | 133.223 | 43.40 (36) | 7:36.27 (33) | 2:12.59 (36) |  |
| NC | Roberto Sighel | Italy |  | 1:14.65\* (37) | DNS |  |  |

* = Fell DNS = Did not start

Source:

## Attribution

In Dutch

## InfoBox

| 1990 World Allround Speed Skating Championships for Men | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Eisschnelllaufbahn Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria |
| Dates | 17–18 February |
| Competitors | 37 skaters from 19 nations |
| Medalist men | |
| **Johann Olav Koss**  NOR  Ben van der Burg  NED  Bart Veldkamp  NED | |
|


title: Armond White

abstract: Armond Allen White is an American film and music critic who writes for National Review and Out. He was previously the editor of CityArts (2011–2014), the lead film critic for the alternative weekly New York Press (1997–2011), and the arts editor and critic for The City Sun (1984–1996). Other publications that have carried his work include Film Comment, Variety, The Nation, The New York Times, Slate, Columbia Journalism Review, and First Things. White is known for his provocative, idiosyncratic, and often contrarian reviews, which have made him a controversial figure in film criticism. As an African-American, gay, conservative film critic, he has been called a "minority three times over in his profession."

text:
# Armond White

**Armond Allen White** (born 1953) is an American film and music critic who writes for *National Review* and *Out*. He was previously the editor of *CityArts* (2011–2014), the lead film critic for the alternative weekly *New York Press* (1997–2011), and the arts editor and critic for *The City Sun* (1984–1996). Other publications that have carried his work include *Film Comment*, *Variety*, *The Nation*, *The New York Times*, *Slate*, *Columbia Journalism Review*, and *First Things*.

White is known for his provocative, idiosyncratic, and often contrarian reviews, which have made him a controversial figure in film criticism. As an African-American, gay, conservative film critic, he has been called a "minority three times over in his profession."

## Early life

White was born in Detroit, the youngest of seven children. His family was the first African-American family to move to a primarily Jewish neighborhood on the city's northwest side, where he grew up. Raised Baptist, he later became Pentecostal, and identifies as "a believer."

White's interest in journalism and film criticism began as a student at Detroit's Central High School, when he first read the book *Kiss Kiss Bang Bang* by film critic Pauline Kael, whom he cites for "her willingness to go against the hype", along with Andrew Sarris, for his "sophisticated love of cinema", as major inspirations for his choice of career. White received a Bachelor of Arts in journalism at Wayne State University, followed by a Master of Fine Arts degree in film from Columbia University's School of the Arts in 1997.

## Career

White was the arts editor for *The City Sun*, where he wrote film, music and theater criticism, for the span of its publication from 1984 to 1996. He was hired by *New York Press* in 1997 and wrote for the paper until it ceased publication in August 2011. He then assumed the editorship of its sister publication *CityArts* starting in September.

White is a member of the National Society of Film Critics and New York Film Critics Online. He is a three-time chairman of the New York Film Critics Circle (1994, 2009 and 2010), has served as a member of the juries at the Sundance Film Festival, Tribeca Film Festival, and Mill Valley Film Festival, and was a member of several National Endowment for the Arts panels. He has taught classes on film at Columbia University and Long Island University.

In 1992, White was one of nine newspaper and magazine writers to win the ASCAP Deems Taylor Award for music criticism.

In January 2014, White was expelled from the New York Film Critics Circle for allegedly heckling director Steve McQueen at an event for the film *12 Years a Slave*. White maintained his innocence, and called his expulsion a "smear campaign." The previous year, White had shouted protests at Michael Moore while Moore was delivering a speech, as White felt Moore had been unfairly maligning the Catholic Church. After White's explusion, film critics Harlan Jacobson and Thelma Adams defended White, with the latter calling the move "Stalinist". White received an Anti-Censorship Award at the 35th annual American Book Awards for being "unfairly removed" from the critics' organization.

## Views on film

In 2013, *Time Magazine* wrote that White's reviews on Rotten Tomatoes agreed with the Tomatometer consensus just under 50% of the time.

White has called *Intolerance* the greatest film ever made, and has called *A.I. Artificial Intelligence* the best film of the 21st century. He has listed directors Steven Spielberg, Alain Resnais, Zack Snyder, Clint Eastwood, and S. Craig Zahler among his favorites.

A conservative, White often criticizes films with perceived left-wing messages, such as *There Will Be Blood*, *Parasite*, *Don't Look Up*, and *Three Thousand Years of Longing*. But he has highly praised the leftist director Jean-Luc Godard, writing that Godard's films "saw past political fashion". White is also critical of films that promote consumerism, arguing that *Toy Story 3* does so, while citing *Small Soldiers* as a superior film featuring toys. He has said that when reviewing, he analyzes a film's political viewpoint, because "Ideology is everywhere...\[films are\] made by people with feelings and ideas and agendas...To me there’s no such thing as just entertainment." Films that White has praised include *Mom and Dad*, *Richard Jewell*, *Once Upon a Time in Hollywood*, *France*, and *Cry Macho*.

White has provided extensive commentary on gay cinema, favorably reviewing *I Now Pronounce You Chuck & Larry*, *God's Own Country*, and *Summer of 85*, while unfavorably reviewing *Brokeback Mountain* and *Bros*.

White often analyzes and discusses race in cinema, having unfavorably reviewed Black films such as *Precious*, *12 Years a Slave*, *Get Out*, *Nope*, *Black Panther: Wakanda Forever*, and *Devotion*. He has praised films such as *Night of the Living Dead* and *Hi, Mom!* for their depictions of racism, has cited Cyborg in *Zack Snyder's Justice League* as a positive example of a black superhero, and Miles Morales in *Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse* as a poor one.

White is generally critical of superhero movies, unfavorably reviewing *The Dark Knight*, *Wonder Woman*, *Avengers: Endgame*, and *The Batman*, while calling Marvel Cinematic Universe films "formulaic". He has praised *Ghost Rider: Spirit of Vengeance*, *Watchmen*, *Man of Steel*, *Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice*, and *Zack Snyder's Justice League*; writing that Snyder "rescued comic-book movies from nihilism and juvenilia, making modern myths worthy of adult spirituality and politics".

White has attacked contemporary film criticism, awards shows, and film journalism. He derided the Sight and Sound Greatest Films of All Time 2022 poll for selecting *Jeanne Dielman, 23 quai du Commerce, 1080 Bruxelles* as the greatest film of all time, calling it "a dull Marxist-feminist token" chosen for political reasons. He provided his own selections for the poll, which included *À bout de souffle*, *Battleship Potemkin*, *Intolerance*, *Jules et Jim*, *L’Avventura*, *Lawrence of Arabia*, *Lola*, *The Magnificent Ambersons*, *Nashville*, and *The Passion of Joan of Arc*.

### Favorite films

In the 2012 Sight and Sound poll, Armond White listed his ten favorite films:

White made some comments about some of these, saying: "Movies don't change but we do. I did not see *Sansho the Bailiff* until recently and it had the same powerful effect on me as *A.I.* did ten years ago, so off with Spielberg to give Mizoguchi's masterwork its props. Godard's rarely screened *Nouvelle Vague* looms in my memory as his grandest work—grander and more important still due to cinephilia's recent decline."

## Personal life

White is gay and a Christian. According to the *New York Times*, he "lives by himself in Chelsea with no pets or plants, amid piles of DVDs. Standing 6-foot-3, he cuts an imposing figure. Yet in conversation, he comes across as exacting, quiet and polite, far different from what his writing—and seeming bad behavior—might suggest."

## Public reception

In his 2009 essay "Not in Defense of Armond White"*,* Roger Ebert called White "an intelligent critic and a passionate writer" but also a "smart and knowing \[...\] troll". White has in turn criticized Ebert, writing, "I do think it is fair to say that Roger Ebert destroyed film criticism. Because of the wide and far reach of television, he became an example of what a film critic does for too many people. And what he did simply was not criticism. It was simply blather."

In 2014, film critic Walter Biggins of *RogerEbert.com* wrote the essay "In Defense of Armond White", a reference to Ebert's earlier essay. Biggins criticizes White's combative style, but defends him as a critic, calling White "an important, distinctive, and...necessary voice in film criticism". Biggins writes: "He's no troll, and he's one of the few critics capable of noting the inherent—and latent—racism of much of cinema and its discourse... he has provided a rare black voice, and perhaps an even rarer conservative voice, to film/video commentary."

*Time Magazine* called White an "undeniably talented writer" who "developed a kind of notoriety for his rather contrarian opinions. Some of his colleagues have praised his against-the-grain approach to film criticism, while many others, including a broad swath he's publicly condemned, have been less kind".

White has responded to criticism of his reviews: "If there were a whole bunch of critics who I thought were doing a good job, then I would stop...Because really, the reason why I do what I do is because I think there are things that need to be said about movies, about culture, about the world, that nobody's saying.

Critic Thelma Adams has cited White as an influence on her work.

### Awards

| Year | Award | Category | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1992 | American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers | Deems Taylor Award | Won |
| 2014 | American Book Awards | Anti-Censorship Award | Won |

## Bibliography

* *The Resistance: Ten Years of Pop Culture That Shook the World*, 1995 (ISBN 978-0879515867)
* *Rebel for the Hell of It: The Life of Tupac Shakur*, 2002 (ISBN 978-1560254614)
* *Keep Moving: The Michael Jackson Chronicles*, 2009 (ISBN 978-0984215904)
* *New Position: The Prince Chronicles*, 2016 (ISBN 978-1536878561)
* *Make Spielberg Great Again: The Steven Spielberg Chronicles*, 2020 (ISBN 978-0984215911)

* White is briefly mentioned in Charlie Kaufman's 2020 absurdist novel *Antkind*. The novel's protagonist, a paranoid failed film critic, believes he is being spied on by White through the use of miniature drones disguised as bugs.

## Further reading

* Roberts, Jerry. *The Complete History of American Film Criticism*. Santa Monica Press, 2010. ISBN 978-1-59580-049-7
* Lopate, Phillip (ed.). *American Movie Critics: An Anthology From the Silents Until Now*. Library of America, 2006. ISBN 1-931082-92-8

## InfoBox

| Armond White | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Armond Allen White
1953 (age 7071)
Detroit, Michigan, U.S. |
| Alma mater |  |
| Occupation | Film critic |


abstract: The 1990–91 Arizona State Sun Devils men's basketball team represented Arizona State University as a member of the Pacific-10 Conference during the 1990–91 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. They were led by head coach Bill Frieder, in his 2nd season, and played their home games at the ASU Activity Center in Tempe, Arizona.

text:
# 1990–91 Arizona State Sun Devils men's basketball team

1990–91 Pacific-10 Conference men's basketball standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | PCT |  |  | W |  | L |  | PCT |
| No. 8 Arizona | 14 |  | 4 |  | .778 |  |  | 28 |  | 7 |  | .800 |
| No. 16 UCLA | 11 |  | 7 |  | .611 |  |  | 23 |  | 9 |  | .719 |
| Arizona State | 10 |  | 8 |  | .556 |  |  | 20 |  | 10 |  | .667 |
| USC | 10 |  | 8 |  | .556 |  |  | 19 |  | 10 |  | .655 |
| Stanford | 8 |  | 10 |  | .444 |  |  | 20 |  | 13 |  | .606 |
| Washington State | 8 |  | 10 |  | .444 |  |  | 16 |  | 12 |  | .571 |
| Oregon State | 8 |  | 10 |  | .444 |  |  | 14 |  | 14 |  | .500 |
| Oregon | 8 |  | 10 |  | .444 |  |  | 13 |  | 15 |  | .464 |
| California | 8 |  | 10 |  | .444 |  |  | 13 |  | 15 |  | .464 |
| Washington | 5 |  | 13 |  | .278 |  |  | 14 |  | 14 |  | .500 |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| As of April 15, 1991
Rankings from AP Poll | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The **1990–91 Arizona State Sun Devils men's basketball team** represented Arizona State University as a member of the Pacific-10 Conference during the 1990–91 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. They were led by head coach Bill Frieder, in his 2nd season, and played their home games at the ASU Activity Center in Tempe, Arizona.

## Roster

| 1990–91 Arizona State Sun Devils men's basketball team | |
| --- | --- |
| Players | Coaches |
| Pos. # Name Height Weight Year Previous school Hometown  Jamal Faulkner 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m) 210 lb (95 kg) Fr Christ the King HS Brooklyn, NY  44 Stevin Smith 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m) 185 lb (84 kg) Fr H. Grady Spruce HS Dallas, TX  50 Isaac Austin 6 ft 10 in (2.08 m) 260 lb (118 kg) Sr Las Plumas HS
Reedley College Oroville, CA | Head coach Assistant coach(es)   ---  Legend* **(C)** Team captain * **(S)** Suspended * **(I)** Ineligible * **(W)** Walk-on |

## Schedule and results

| Date
time, TV | Rank# | Opponent# | Result | Record | Site
city, state |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Non-conference regular season | | | | | | | | |
| Nov 23, 1990*
 |  | Kansas | **W** 70–68 | 1–0
 | ASU Activity Center
Tempe, Arizona |
| Nov 24, 1990*
 |  | Southern Methodist | **W** 89–79 | 2–0
 | ASU Activity Center
Tempe, Arizona |
| Nov 29, 1990*
 |  | Northern Arizona | **W** 118–77 | 3–0
 | ASU Activity Center
Tempe, Arizona |
| Dec 1, 1990*
 |  | Drake | **L** 93–94 | 3–1
 | ASU Activity Center
Tempe, Arizona |
| Dec 5, 1990*
 |  | New Mexico | **W** 59–54 | 4–1
 | ASU Activity Center
Tempe, Arizona |
| Dec 12, 1990*
 |  | at Brigham Young | **W** 82–74 | 5–1
 | Marriott Center
Provo, Utah |
| Dec 21, 1990*
 |  | Southern Utah | **W** 100–71 | 6–1
 | ASU Activity Center
Tempe, Arizona |
| Dec 22, 1990*
 |  | Montana State | **W** 107–74 | 7–1
 | ASU Activity Center
Tempe, Arizona |
| Dec 28, 1990*
 |  | Penn | **W** 94–62 | 8–1
 | ASU Activity Center
Tempe, Arizona |
| Dec 29, 1990*
 |  | Texas | **W** 89–82 | 9–1
 | ASU Activity Center
Tempe, Arizona |
| Pac-10 Regular Season | | | | | | | | |
| Jan 3, 1991
 |  | at Washington State | **L** 86–95 | 9–2
(0–1) | Friel Court
Pullman, Washington |
| Jan 10, 1991
 |  | No. 7 UCLA | **L** 68–82 | 10–3
(1–2) | ASU Activity Center (12,762)
Tempe, Arizona |
| Jan 12, 1991
 |  | USC | **W** 84–80 OT | 11–3
(2–2) | Wells Fargo Arena
Tempe, Arizona |
| Jan 17, 1991
 |  | No. 6 Arizona | **L** 71–74 | 11–4
(2–3) | ASU Activity Center
Tempe, Arizona |
| Feb 7, 1991
 |  | at No. 14 UCLA | **L** 44–64 | 13–7
 | Pauley Pavilion (11,213)
Los Angeles, California |
| Feb 9, 1991
 |  | at USC | **W** 88–83 | 14–7
 | L.A. Sports Arena
Los Angeles, California |
| Feb 13, 1991
 |  | at No. 6 Arizona | **L** 50–71 | 14–8
 | McKale Center
Tucson, Arizona |
| Mar 9, 1991
 |  | Oregon State | **W** 84–69 | 19–9
(10–8) | ASU Activity Center
Tempe, Arizona |
| NCAA Tournament | | | | | | | | |
| Mar 15, 1991*
 | (8 SE) | vs. (9 SE) Rutgers
*First Round* | **W** 79–76 | 20–9
 | The Omni
Atlanta, Georgia |
| Mar 17, 1991*
 | (8 SE) | vs. (1 SE) No. 2 Arkansas
*Second Round* | **L** 90–97 | 20–10
 | The Omni
Atlanta, Georgia |
| *Non-conference game. #Rankings from AP Poll. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses.
SE=Southeast. | | | | | | | | | | | |

Source:

## InfoBox

| 1990–91 Arizona State Sun Devils men's basketball | |
| --- | --- |
| NCAA tournament, second round | |
| Conference | Pacific-10 |
| Record | 20–10 (10–8 Pac-10) |
| Head coach |  |
| Home arena | ASU Activity Center |
|


title: Arnold Horwitt

abstract: Arnold B. Horwitt was a writer and lyricist for Broadway shows and television. Horwitt was born in Richmond, Indiana and moved with his family to New York when he was three. He graduated from DeWitt Clinton High School, New York University, and the Columbia School of Journalism. He first worked in vaudeville theaters as an assistant press agent. Horwitt wrote scripts and lyrics for many plays, songs, and television shows, including Broadway shows such as Make Mine Manhattan (1948) and The Girls Against the Boys (1959). Horwitt also wrote sketches or lyrics for shows such as Are You with It? (1945), Call Me Mister (1946), Two's Company (1952), and Plain and Fancy (1955). He wrote episodes of numerous television shows from the 1950s into the 1970s, including shows such as The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis and The Patty Duke Show. He also wrote for World War II shows for soldiers. Horwitt died from cancer in Santa Monica, California at the age of 59 on October 20, 1977.

text:
# Arnold Horwitt

**Arnold B. Horwitt** (July 21, 1918 – October 20, 1977) was a writer and lyricist for Broadway shows and television.

Horwitt was born in Richmond, Indiana and moved with his family to New York when he was three. He graduated from DeWitt Clinton High School, New York University, and the Columbia School of Journalism. He first worked in vaudeville theaters as an assistant press agent.

Horwitt wrote scripts and lyrics for many plays, songs, and television shows, including Broadway shows such as *Make Mine Manhattan* (1948) and *The Girls Against the Boys* (1959). Horwitt also wrote sketches or lyrics for shows such as *Are You with It?* (1945), *Call Me Mister* (1946), *Two's Company* (1952), and *Plain and Fancy* (1955) (including the often-recorded *Young and Foolish*). He wrote episodes of numerous television shows from the 1950s into the 1970s, including shows such as *The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis* and *The Patty Duke Show*. He also wrote for World War II shows for soldiers.

Horwitt died from cancer in Santa Monica, California at the age of 59 on October 20, 1977.

## InfoBox

| Arnold Horwitt | |
| --- | --- |
| Publicity Photo of Arnold Horwitt | |
| Born | (1918-07-21)July 21, 1918<br>Richmond, Indiana |
| Died | October 20, 1977(1977-10-20) (aged 59) |


title: Andrew Cochrane

abstract: Andrew Cochrane of Brighouse was a Scottish merchant who served as Lord Provost of Glasgow three times, more than any other person: 1744/5, 1748/9, and 1760/1. Cochrane Street in central Glasgow was renamed in his honour in 1799; the street previously being known as Cotton Street.

text:
# Andrew Cochrane

**Andrew Cochrane of Brighouse** (1693  1777) was a Scottish merchant who served as Lord Provost of Glasgow three times, more than any other person: 1744/5, 1748/9, and 1760/1. Cochrane Street in central Glasgow was renamed in his honour in 1799; the street previously being known as Cotton Street.

## Life

He was born in Ayr in 1693 the son of David Cochrane.

He moved to Glasgow in 1722.

In 1723/4 he went into partnership with his brother-in-law John Murdoch (1709-1776) creating the Virginia trading company of **Cochrane, Murdoch & Company**.

In 1743 he founded the Political Economy Club whose members included Adam Smith.

In 1745 in his role as Lord Provost he had the arduous task of negotiating a levy on the town placed by Bonnie Prince Charlie to support the Jacobite cause, all the harder as Cochrane was a Hanoverian sympathiser. Whilst the ex Lord Provost Andrew Buchanan of Drumpellier (as part of the commission of people resolving the issue) negotiated a drop in the demanded levy from £15,000 to £5,500 the town nevertheless ended paying £14,000 to host the Young Pretender and his army. Cochrane was deeply upset by this and following the defeat of the Jacobite army at the Battle of Culloden he went to London with his brother-in-law George Murdoch (a Bailie and future Lord Provost) to lobby for compensation, eventually being successful the town received £10,000 in 1749.

In 1750 he was one of the first patrons of the odd bank, the Glasgow Tanwork Company (also known as Bell's Tanyards) which combined tanning and banking. It later became the Ship Bank.

In 1761 he was a joint founder (with 25 others) of the Glasgow Arms Bank and also became a partner in Bell's Tanyard which served the curious twin function of bank and tannery.

He died in Glasgow in 1777. A monument to his memory is in the nave of Glasgow Cathedral.

## Family

In 1723 he married Janet Murdoch (1699-1786), daughter of Peter Murdoch of Rosehill Lord Provost from 1730 to 1732, and sister of John Murdoch of Rosebank.

They had no children.

## Publications

The Maitland Club published the "*Cochrane Correspondence*", a series of his letters concerning governance of the city and council affairs.


title: 1993–94 Golden State Warriors season

abstract: The 1993–94 NBA season was the Warriors' 48th season in the National Basketball Association, and their 31st in the San Francisco Bay Area. In the 1993 NBA draft, the Warriors selected Penny Hardaway from the University of Memphis with the third overall pick, but soon traded him to the Orlando Magic in exchange for top draft pick Chris Webber from the University of Michigan. During the off-season, the team signed free agent Avery Johnson. Without All-Star guard Tim Hardaway and sixth man Šarūnas Marčiulionis, who both missed the entire season with knee injuries, and with Chris Mullin missing the first 20 games with a finger injury, the Warriors struggled losing three of their first four games, but soon recovered later holding a 27–20 record at the All-Star break. The team improved over the previous season as they posted an 8-game winning streak in April, finishing third in the Pacific Division with a solid 50–32 record. Webber averaged 17.5 points, 9.1 rebounds and 2.2. blocks per game, and was named Rookie of the Year, and was also named to the NBA All-Rookie First Team, while second-year star Latrell Sprewell averaged 21.0 points, 4.7 assists and 2.2 steals per game, and was named to the All-NBA First Team, NBA All-Defensive Second Team, and was selected for the 1994 NBA All-Star Game. In addition, Mullin played half of the season off the bench, averaging 16.8 points and 5.6 rebounds per game, while Billy Owens provided the team with 15.0 points and 8.1 rebounds per game, and Johnson contributed 10.9 points and 5.3 assists per game. Sprewell also finished in second place in Most Improved Player voting. However, in the Western Conference First Round of the playoffs, the Warriors were swept by the Phoenix Suns in three straight games. This would be their final playoff appearance until 2007. Following the season, Marčiulionis and second-year forward Byron Houston were both traded to the Seattle SuperSonics, and Johnson re-signed as a free agent with his former team, the San Antonio Spurs.

text:
# 1993–94 Golden State Warriors season

The **1993–94 NBA season** was the Warriors' 48th season in the National Basketball Association, and their 31st in the San Francisco Bay Area. In the 1993 NBA draft, the Warriors selected Penny Hardaway from the University of Memphis with the third overall pick, but soon traded him to the Orlando Magic in exchange for top draft pick Chris Webber from the University of Michigan. During the off-season, the team signed free agent Avery Johnson. Without All-Star guard Tim Hardaway and sixth man Šarūnas Marčiulionis, who both missed the entire season with knee injuries, and with Chris Mullin missing the first 20 games with a finger injury, the Warriors struggled losing three of their first four games, but soon recovered later holding a 27–20 record at the All-Star break. The team improved over the previous season as they posted an 8-game winning streak in April, finishing third in the Pacific Division with a solid 50–32 record.

Webber averaged 17.5 points, 9.1 rebounds and 2.2. blocks per game, and was named Rookie of the Year, and was also named to the NBA All-Rookie First Team, while second-year star Latrell Sprewell averaged 21.0 points, 4.7 assists and 2.2 steals per game, and was named to the All-NBA First Team, NBA All-Defensive Second Team, and was selected for the 1994 NBA All-Star Game. In addition, Mullin played half of the season off the bench, averaging 16.8 points and 5.6 rebounds per game, while Billy Owens provided the team with 15.0 points and 8.1 rebounds per game, and Johnson contributed 10.9 points and 5.3 assists per game. Sprewell also finished in second place in Most Improved Player voting.

However, in the Western Conference First Round of the playoffs, the Warriors were swept by the Phoenix Suns in three straight games. This would be their final playoff appearance until 2007.

Following the season, Marčiulionis and second-year forward Byron Houston were both traded to the Seattle SuperSonics, and Johnson re-signed as a free agent with his former team, the San Antonio Spurs.

## Offseason

### Draft picks

| Round | Pick | Player | Position | Nationality | College |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 3 | Penny Hardaway | PG/SG | United States | Memphis |
| 2 | 34 | Darnell Mee | SG | United States | Western Kentucky |

## Roster

**1993–94 Golden State Warriors roster**
| Players | Coaches |
| --- | --- |
| Pos. No. Name Height Weight DOB From  52 Alexander, Victor 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m) 265 lb (120 kg) 1969–08–31 Iowa State  35 Buechler, Jud 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) 220 lb (100 kg) 1968–06–19 Arizona  25 Gatling, Chris 6 ft 10 in (2.08 m) 220 lb (100 kg) 1967–09–03 Old Dominion  11 Grant, Josh 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m) 223 lb (101 kg) 1967–08–07 Utah  44 Grayer, Jeff 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) 200 lb (91 kg) 1965–12–17 Iowa State  10 Hardaway, Tim (IN) 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) 175 lb (79 kg) 1966–09–01 UTEP  21 Houston, Byron 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) 250 lb (113 kg) 1969–11–22 Oklahoma State  2 Jennings, Keith 5 ft 7 in (1.70 m) 160 lb (73 kg) 1968–11–02 East Tennessee State  6 Johnson, Avery 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m) 175 lb (79 kg) 1965–03–25 Southern  13 Marčiulionis, Šarūnas (IN) 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) 200 lb (91 kg) 1964–06–13 Lithuania  17 Mullin, Chris 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) 200 lb (91 kg) 1963–07–30 St. John's  30 Owens, Billy 6 ft 8 in (2.03 m) 220 lb (100 kg) 1969–05–01 Syracuse  15 Sprewell, Latrell 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) 190 lb (86 kg) 1970–09–08 Alabama  4 Webber, Chris 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m) 245 lb (111 kg) 1973–03–01 Michigan | Head coach Assistant coach(es)   ---  Legend * **(DP)** Unsigned draft pick * **(FA)** Free agent * **(S)** Suspended * **(IN)** Inactive * Injured  ---  Roster
Last transaction: February 28, 1994 |

### Roster Notes

## Regular season

### Season standings

|  | W | L | PCT | GB | Home | Road | Div |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **y-**Seattle SuperSonics | 63 | 19 | .768 |  | 37–4 | 26–15 | 25–5 |
| **x-**Phoenix Suns | 56 | 26 | .683 | 7 | 36–5 | 20–21 | 19–11 |
| **x-**Golden State Warriors | 50 | 32 | .610 | 13 | 29–12 | 21–20 | 19–11 |
| **x-**Portland Trail Blazers | 47 | 35 | .573 | 16 | 30–11 | 17–24 | 17–13 |
| Los Angeles Lakers | 33 | 49 | .402 | 30 | 21–20 | 12–29 | 7–23 |
| Sacramento Kings | 28 | 54 | .341 | 35 | 20–21 | 8–33 | 9–21 |
| Los Angeles Clippers | 27 | 55 | .329 | 36 | 17–24 | 10–31 | 9–21 |

| # |  | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Team | W | L | PCT | GB |
| 1 | **z**-Seattle SuperSonics | 63 | 19 | .768 |  |
| 2 | **y**-Houston Rockets | 58 | 24 | .707 | 5 |
| 3 | **x**-Phoenix Suns | 56 | 26 | .683 | 7 |
| 4 | **x**-San Antonio Spurs | 55 | 27 | .671 | 8 |
| 5 | **x**-Utah Jazz | 53 | 29 | .646 | 10 |
| 6 | **x**-Golden State Warriors | 50 | 32 | .610 | 13 |
| 7 | **x**-Portland Trail Blazers | 47 | 35 | .573 | 16 |
| 8 | **x**-Denver Nuggets | 42 | 40 | .512 | 21 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 9 | Los Angeles Lakers | 33 | 49 | .402 | 30 |
| 10 | Sacramento Kings | 28 | 54 | .341 | 35 |
| 11 | Los Angeles Clippers | 27 | 55 | .329 | 36 |
| 12 | Minnesota Timberwolves | 20 | 62 | .244 | 43 |
| 13 | Dallas Mavericks | 13 | 69 | .159 | 50 |

**z** \- clinched division title **y** \- clinched division title **x** \- clinched playoff spot

### Record vs. opponents

| 1993-94 NBA Records | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | ATL | BOS | CHA | CHI | CLE | DAL | DEN | DET | GSW | HOU | IND | LAC | LAL | MIA | MIL | MIN | NJN | NYK | ORL | PHI | PHO | POR | SAC | SAS | SEA | UTA | WAS |
| Atlanta |  | 4–0 | 4–1 | 2–3 | 3–1 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 4–0 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 3–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 3–1 | 5–0 | 2–0 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 4–0 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 4–0 |
| Boston | 0–4 |  | 0–4 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 3–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 0–4 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–3 | 3–1 | 1–1 | 1–4 | 0–4 | 2–2 | 4–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 3–2 |
| Charlotte | 1–4 | 4–0 |  | 1–4 | 1–4 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 4–0 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 2–2 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 1–3 | 3–2 | 2–0 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 2–0 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 2–2 |
| Chicago | 3–2 | 2–2 | 4–1 |  | 1–3 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 5–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 4–1 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 2–2 | 4–0 | 2–0 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 4–0 |
| Cleveland | 1–3 | 3–1 | 4–1 | 3–1 |  | 2–0 | 1–1 | 3–2 | 2–0 | 0–2 | 2–3 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 1–3 | 3–2 | 2–0 | 2–2 | 0–4 | 2–2 | 4–0 | 0–2 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 3–1 |
| Dallas | 0–2 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 0–2 |  | 1–4 | 1–1 | 0–4 | 1–4 | 0–2 | 0–4 | 0–4 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 5–1 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–4 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 0–5 | 0–4 | 0–5 | 1–1 |
| Denver | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 4–1 |  | 2–0 | 1–3 | 3–2 | 1–1 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 4–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 2–4 | 2–2 | 1–4 | 1–1 |
| Detroit | 0–4 | 1–3 | 0–4 | 0–5 | 2–3 | 1–1 | 0–2 |  | 0–2 | 0–2 | 1–4 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 2–2 | 1–4 | 2–0 | 1–3 | 0–4 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 2–2 |
| Golden State | 2–0 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 4–0 | 3–1 | 2–0 |  | 0–4 | 1–1 | 4–1 | 5–0 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 2–2 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–3 | 3–2 | 4–1 | 2–2 | 1–4 | 3–1 | 2–0 |
| Houston | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 4–1 | 2–3 | 2–0 | 4–0 |  | 1–1 | 4–0 | 3–1 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 4–1 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 2–2 | 4–0 | 4–0 | 2–3 | 2–2 | 3–3 | 1–1 |
| Indiana | 2–3 | 4–0 | 2–2 | 1–4 | 3–2 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 4–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 |  | 2–0 | 0–2 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 2–0 | 3–1 | 0–4 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 3–1 |
| L.A. Clippers | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 4–0 | 1–3 | 1–1 | 1–4 | 0–4 | 0–2 |  | 2–3 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–3 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 0–5 | 2–3 | 3–2 | 1–3 | 1–4 | 1–3 | 1–1 |
| L.A. Lakers | 1–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 4–0 | 1–3 | 2–0 | 0–5 | 1–3 | 2–0 | 3–2 |  | 1–1 | 2–0 | 3–1 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 3–2 | 0–5 | 1–4 | 0–4 | 0–5 | 2–2 | 1–1 |
| Miami | 1–3 | 3–2 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 2–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 1–3 | 1–1 | 1–1 |  | 4–0 | 2–0 | 2–3 | 2–2 | 2–3 | 4–1 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 3–1 |
| Milwaukee | 0–5 | 1–3 | 2–3 | 0–4 | 2–3 | 2–0 | 0–2 | 4–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–3 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 0–4 |  | 0–2 | 1–3 | 0–4 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 1–3 |
| Minnesota | 0–2 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 1–5 | 1–4 | 0–2 | 2–2 | 1–4 | 0–2 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 0–2 | 2–0 |  | 1–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 0–4 | 0–4 | 2–2 | 1–4 | 0–4 | 1–4 | 0–2 |
| New Jersey | 3–1 | 4–1 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 2–2 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 3–1 | 2–0 | 0–2 | 1–3 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 3–2 | 3–1 | 1–1 |  | 4–1 | 0–5 | 3–1 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 3–1 |
| New York | 2–2 | 4–0 | 1–3 | 3–1 | 4–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 4–0 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 4–0 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 2–2 | 4–0 | 2–0 | 1–4 |  | 3–2 | 3–2 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 5–0 |
| Orlando | 1–3 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 3–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–2 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 3–2 | 3–1 | 1–1 | 5–0 | 2–3 |  | 4–0 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 4–1 |
| Philadelphia | 0–4 | 1–4 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 0–4 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 3–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 2–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–4 | 3–1 | 0–2 | 1–3 | 2–3 | 0–4 |  | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 2–3 |
| Phoenix | 1–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 4–0 | 3–1 | 1–1 | 3–2 | 2–2 | 1–1 | 5–0 | 2–3 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 4–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 |  | 3–2 | 4–1 | 3–1 | 2–3 | 2–2 | 2–0 |
| Portland | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 0–2 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 2–0 | 2–3 | 0–4 | 1–1 | 3–2 | 5–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 4–0 | 2–0 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 2–0 | 2–3 |  | 4–1 | 1–3 | 1–4 | 1–3 | 2–0 |
| Sacramento | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 1–1 | 1–4 | 0–4 | 0–2 | 2–3 | 4–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–2 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 2–0 | 1–4 | 1–4 |  | 1–3 | 0–5 | 1–3 | 2–0 |
| San Antonio | 1–1 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 5–0 | 4–2 | 1–1 | 2–2 | 3–2 | 2–0 | 3–1 | 4–0 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 4–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 1–3 | 3–1 | 3–1 |  | 0–4 | 0–5 | 2–0 |
| Seattle | 1–1 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 4–0 | 2–2 | 1–1 | 4–1 | 2–2 | 1–1 | 4–1 | 5–0 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 4–0 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 3–2 | 4–1 | 5–0 | 4–0 |  | 3–1 | 2–0 |
| Utah | 1–1 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 5–0 | 4–1 | 2–0 | 1–3 | 3–3 | 1–1 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 4–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 5–0 | 1–3 |  | 2–0 |
| Washington | 0–4 | 2–3 | 2–2 | 0–4 | 1–3 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–2 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–3 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–3 | 3–1 | 2–0 | 1–3 | 0–5 | 1–4 | 3–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 |  |

### Game log

## Playoffs

### Game log

| 1994 playoff game log |
| --- |
|
| First round: 0–3 (home: 0–1; road: 0–2)    Game Date Team Score High points High rebounds High assists Location
Attendance Series  1 April 29 @ Phoenix L 104–111 Billy Owens (27) Billy Owens (17) Latrell Sprewell (10) America West Arena
19,023 0–1  2 May 1 @ Phoenix L 111–117 Chris Mullin (32) Chris Webber (10) Chris Webber (9) America West Arena
19,023 0–2  3 May 4 Phoenix L 133–140 Chris Mullin (30) Webber, Gatling (8) Chris Webber (13) Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum Arena
15,025 0–3 |
| 1994 schedule | |

## Player statistics

Legend
| GP | Games played | GS | Games started | MPG | Minutes per game |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| FG% | Field-goal percentage | 3P% | 3-point field-goal percentage | FT% | Free-throw percentage |
| RPG | Rebounds per game | APG | Assists per game | SPG | Steals per game |
| BPG | Blocks per game | PPG | Points per game |  |  |

### Regular season

| Player | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Latrell Sprewell | 82 | 82 | 43.1 | .433 | .361 | .774 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 2.2 | .9 | 21.0 |
| Avery Johnson | 82 | 70 | 28.4 | .492 | .000 | .704 | 2.1 | 5.3 | 1.4 | .1 | 10.9 |
| Chris Gatling | 82 | 23 | 15.8 | .588 | .000 | .620 | 4.8 | .5 | .5 | .8 | 8.2 |
| Billy Owens | 79 | 72 | 34.7 | .507 | .200 | .610 | 8.1 | 4.1 | 1.1 | .8 | 15.0 |
| Chris Webber | 76 | 76 | 32.1 | .552 | .000 | .532 | 9.1 | 3.6 | 1.2 | 2.2 | 17.5 |
| Keith Jennings | 76 | 2 | 14.4 | .404 | .371 | .833 | 1.2 | 2.9 | .9 | .0 | 5.7 |
| Byron Houston | 71 | 2 | 12.2 | .458 | .143 | .611 | 2.7 | .5 | .5 | .4 | 2.8 |
| Victor Alexander | 69 | 39 | 19.1 | .530 | .154 | .527 | 4.5 | 1.0 | .4 | .5 | 8.7 |
| Jeff Grayer | 67 | 4 | 16.4 | .526 | .167 | .602 | 2.9 | .9 | .5 | .2 | 6.8 |
| Chris Mullin | 62 | 39 | 37.5 | .472 | .364 | .753 | 5.6 | 5.1 | 1.7 | .9 | 16.8 |
| Josh Grant | 53 | 0 | 7.2 | .404 | .279 | .759 | 1.7 | .5 | .3 | .2 | 3.0 |
| Jud Buechler | 36 | 0 | 6.1 | .500 | .414 | .500 | .9 | .4 | .2 | .0 | 2.9 |
| Andre Spencer | 5 | 1 | 12.6 | .500 |  | .750 | 2.4 | .6 | .2 | .4 | 4.2 |
| Todd Lichti | 5 | 0 | 11.6 | .357 | 1.000 | .818 | 2.0 | .6 | .0 | .0 | 6.2 |
| Dell Demps | 2 | 0 | 5.5 | .333 |  | .000 | .0 | .5 | 1.0 | .0 | 2.0 |
| Tod Murphy | 2 | 0 | 5.0 |  |  |  | .5 | .5 | .0 | .0 | .0 |

### Playoffs

| Player | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Chris Mullin | 3 | 3 | 45.0 | .588 | .500 | .909 | 4.7 | 3.7 | .0 | 1.7 | 25.3 |
| Billy Owens | 3 | 3 | 42.3 | .500 | .000 | .750 | 10.0 | 4.3 | 1.3 | .7 | 19.7 |
| Latrell Sprewell | 3 | 3 | 40.7 | .433 | .348 | .667 | 3.0 | 7.0 | .7 | 1.0 | 22.7 |
| Chris Webber | 3 | 3 | 36.3 | .550 | .000 | .300 | 8.7 | 9.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 15.7 |
| Byron Houston | 3 | 2 | 15.3 | .750 |  | .600 | 1.7 | 1.0 | .3 | .7 | 5.0 |
| Chris Gatling | 3 | 1 | 18.0 | .615 |  | .769 | 5.7 | 1.3 | .7 | .3 | 8.7 |
| Jeff Grayer | 3 | 0 | 15.3 | .550 |  | .667 | 2.0 | .3 | .3 | .3 | 8.0 |
| Avery Johnson | 3 | 0 | 13.7 | .529 | .000 |  | 1.0 | 3.3 | 1.3 | .3 | 6.0 |
| Keith Jennings | 3 | 0 | 13.0 | .308 | .200 | .857 | 1.7 | 1.3 | .3 | .0 | 5.0 |
| Josh Grant | 1 | 0 | 1.0 |  |  |  | .0 | .0 | .0 | .0 | .0 |

* Denotes player spent time with another team in the season. Stats reflect time with the Warriors only.

## Awards and records

* Chris Webber - Rookie of the Year, Player of the Week (Jan. 9), NBA All-Rookie First Team
* Latrell Sprewell - League Leader (Mins. Played, MPG), All-NBA First Team, NBA All-Defensive Second Team, NBA All-Star

## Transactions

## InfoBox

| 1993–94 Golden State Warriors season | |
| --- | --- |
| Head coach | Don Nelson |
| General manager | Don Nelson |
| Owners |  |
| Arena | Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum Arena |
| Results | |
| Record | 5032 (.610) |
| Place | Division: 3rd (Pacific)
Conference: 6th (Western) |
| Playoff finish | First round
(lost to Suns 0–3) |
| ---  Stats at **Basketball-Reference.com** | |
| Local media | |
| Television | KPIX-TV
KICU-TV
SportsChannel Pacific |
| Radio | KNBR |
|


title: Andrew Cochrane-Johnstone

abstract: Andrew James Cochrane-Johnstone was a Scottish soldier, politician, swindler and adventurer who was found guilty of participation in the Great Stock Exchange Fraud of 1814. He was born in Edinburgh, Scotland.

text:
# Andrew Cochrane-Johnstone

**Andrew James Cochrane-Johnstone** (24 May 1767 – 21 August 1833) was a Scottish soldier, politician, swindler and adventurer who was found guilty of participation in the Great Stock Exchange Fraud of 1814. He was born in Edinburgh, Scotland.

## Life

Born **Andrew Cochrane** in 1767, at 'Belleville', a house near Holyrood Palace in Edinburgh, he was the youngest son of Thomas Cochrane, 8th Earl of Dundonald (1691–1778) and his second wife Jane Stuart (1722–1808). He became a cornet in the British Army in 1783. After returning from India to recover his health, he was elected to Parliament from Stirling Boroughs in 1791. In November 1793 he married Georgiana Hope-Johnstone, a daughter of James Hope-Johnstone, 3rd Earl of Hopetoun; she died in 1797. Cochrane added "Johnstone" to his name at the time of their marriage. Despite the opposition of Henry Dundas to his election in 1791, Cochrane-Johnstone supported the government of William Pitt the Younger, and was re-elected in 1796 in a race against his cousin Sir John Henderson, who was in opposition. In 1794 he was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel, and in 1797 was promoted to Colonel and then made Governor of Dominica (which terminated his position as M.P.)

Cochrane-Johnstone served as governor on Dominica until 1803; an 1802 mutiny by the 8th West India Regiment was quelled with severity, but led to a court-martial of the governor on charges of embezzlement, arbitrary rule, using soldiers for private servants, and other charges. The court-martial in 1805 cleared Cochrane-Johnstone, but his military career was over.

He had married Amelia Constance Gertrude Etienette de Clugny, a widow of Godet des Marais and the only child of a French governor of Guadeloupe, in February 1803; they were forced by Napoleon to divorce in May 1805.

In 1807 Cochrane-Johnstone was elected MP for Grampound in Cornwall, a notorious rotten borough, along with his brother George, reputedly financed by their wealthy brother Basil. He was disqualified in March 1808 for lack of property. By then he had gone to the West Indies where he lived in the customs house in Tortola, which was under the command of another brother, Admiral Alexander Cochrane. Made an agent and auctioneer for the navy in the conquest of some of the other Danish islands, Cochrane through bribery and fraud illegally obtained captured goods; arrested, he escaped to England with his profits.

One of his next business ventures (1809) involved manufacturing muskets for the Spanish government; in the course of this he engaged in smuggling and defrauded several of the Spanish colonial governments by failing to deliver promised armaments.

Cochrane-Johnstone returned to Parliament in July 1812 after his brother George resigned in his favour; this was perhaps an expedient to avoid debtors. He was elected on his own account from Grampound in the same year, after a deal with fellow MP John Teed.

In February 1814 Cochrane-Johnstone was one of the chief organisers of the Great Stock Exchange Fraud of 1814; Cochrane-Johnstone and other associates purchased government securities just before spreading a false rumour of the death of Napoleon. At the news of Napoleon's death, the value of the securities rose dramatically, at which point the conspirators sold them again: Cochrane-Johnstone was believed to have profited to the tune of £4931 (approx. £450,000 in modern terms). He was convicted of fraud and fled to France; he was expelled from Parliament on 5 July 1814. Cochrane-Johnstone's nephew Admiral Thomas Cochrane was also convicted; although he claimed innocence and the public was on his side, he was forced to resign and did not return to the British Navy until 1832. Cochrane-Johnstone fled to the West Indies, where he discovered that his property in Dominica had been seized, although he was able to take slaves from his plantation to a new establishment, a coffee plantation in Dutch Demerara. By 1829 he was living in Paris, France and fraudulent claims by him on the French government were being exposed. It was there (at 96, rue du Faubourg St Honoré) that he died in poverty in August 1833.

The Earl of St. Vincent, Admiral of the Fleet, wrote of the Cochrane brothers in 1806, "The Cochranes are not to be trusted out of sight, they are all mad, romantic, money-getting and not truth-telling—and there is not a single exception in any part of the family."

## Family

Cochrane-Johnstone had an illegitimate son, Captain John Dundas Cochrane (February 1793 – August 1825), an explorer who published a *Pedestrian Journey through Russian and Siberian Tartary* in 1824. It is not proven, but is likely that John's mother was Georgiana Hope-Johnstone, who married Andrew nine months after John's birth. Andrew and Georgiana also had one daughter, Elizabeth Cochrane-Johnstone (26 December 1784 – 6 June 1883); she married William Napier, 9th Lord Napier in 1816.

## Further reading

* Drummond, Andrew (2010). *Novgorod the Great*. Edinburgh: Polygon. ISBN 978-1846971013. *(Fictional treatment)* Second edition: Drummond, Andrew (2019). *Novgorod the Great*. Amazon. ISBN 978-1070763989.
* Defence of the Honourable Andrew Cochrane-Johnstone. Edinburgh 1806. (Available on-line here...)
* The Trial of ... Sir Thomas Cochrane, commonly called Lord Cochrane, the Hon. Andrew Cochrane Johnstone, etc... London 1814. (Available on-line here...)

## InfoBox

| Andrew Cochrane-Johnstone | |
| --- | --- |
| Birth name | Andrew Cochrane |
| Born | (1767-05-24)24 May 1767
Edinburgh, Scotland |
| Died | 21 August 1833
Paris, France |
| Allegiance | Great Britain
United Kingdom |
| Service/branch | British Army |
| Years of service | 1783–1805 |
| Rank | Colonel |
| Unit |  |
| Commands | 8th West India Regiment |
| Children |  |
| Relations |  |
| Other work | * MP for Stirling Burghs (1791–97) * Governor of Dominica (1797–1803) * MP for Grampound (1807–08, 1812–14) |


title: Edythe D. London

abstract: Edythe Danick London is The Thomas and Katherine Pike Professor of Addiction Studies, and Director of the UCLA Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology at the David Geffen School of Medicine University of California at Los Angeles. London received her Ph.D. in Pharmacology from the University of Maryland (Baltimore). She did a post-doctoral fellowship at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. Prior to joining the UCLA faculty, she was a Senior Scientist at the National Institute on Drug Abuse for 23 years and a member of the faculty at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. She is known internationally for her work on drug addiction as well as other addictive disorders, such as tobacco and nicotine dependence. She has been a pioneer in the development and use of advanced brain imaging techniques to study the effects of drugs, tobacco and other substances of abuse on brain function, including nuclear medicine studies such as Positron Emission Tomography (PET), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Her UCLA laboratory is engaged in a wide range of scientific studies as well as the development and testing of new medications. The Web of Science lists several hundred articles published in peer-reviewed journals that have been cited over 13,000 times, leading to an h-index of 63. Her house in Beverly Hills, California was vandalized on October 23, 2007, in an act credited to an animal activist group Animal Liberation Front by breaking a window of the house and inserting a garden hose which flooded the house. Over $50,000 damage was reported. Subsequently, her house was again attacked and damaged by a firebomb left at the front door on Tuesday, February 5, 2008. No one was home at the time. A statement issued by the North American Animal Liberation Press Office claimed that animal liberationists were responsible for placing the device.

text:
# Edythe D. London

**Edythe Danick London** (born September 14, 1948) is The Thomas and Katherine Pike Professor of Addiction Studies, and Director of the UCLA Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology at the David Geffen School of Medicine University of California at Los Angeles. London received her Ph.D. in Pharmacology from the University of Maryland (Baltimore). She did a post-doctoral fellowship at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.

Prior to joining the UCLA faculty, she was a Senior Scientist at the National Institute on Drug Abuse for 23 years and a member of the faculty at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. She is known internationally for her work on drug addiction as well as other addictive disorders, such as tobacco and nicotine dependence. She has been a pioneer in the development and use of advanced brain imaging techniques to study the effects of drugs, tobacco and other substances of abuse on brain function, including nuclear medicine studies such as Positron Emission Tomography (PET), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Her UCLA laboratory is engaged in a wide range of scientific studies as well as the development and testing of new medications. The Web of Science lists several hundred articles published in peer-reviewed journals that have been cited over 13,000 times, leading to an h-index of 63.

Her house in Beverly Hills, California was vandalized on October 23, 2007, in an act credited to an animal activist group Animal Liberation Front by breaking a window of the house and inserting a garden hose which flooded the house. Over $50,000 damage was reported. Subsequently, her house was again attacked and damaged by a firebomb left at the front door on Tuesday, February 5, 2008. No one was home at the time. A statement issued by the North American Animal Liberation Press Office claimed that animal liberationists were responsible for placing the device.


title: Egypt at the 2009 Mediterranean Games

text:
# Egypt at the 2009 Mediterranean Games

Egypt, with eleven gold medals, ten silver medals, and thirteen bronze medals, ranked at number seven in the 2009 Mediterranean Games.

## InfoBox

| Egypt at the
2009 Mediterranean Games | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| IOC code | EGY |
| NOC | Egyptian Olympic Committee |
| in Pescara | |
| Medals
Ranked 7th | Gold 11 Silver 11 Bronze 12 Total 34 |
| Mediterranean Games appearances (overview) | |
|  | |
| Other related appearances | |
| United Arab Republic (1959, 1963) | |


title: Andrew Cohen (journalist)

abstract: Andrew Zebulon Cohen is a Canadian journalist, author, and professor of journalism at Carleton University's School of Journalism and Norman Paterson School of International Affairs. Cohen has written widely on international affairs and on Canadian politics. His books include A Deal Undone: The Making and Breaking of the Meech Lake Accord and Trudeau's Shadow: The Life and Legacy of Pierre Elliott Trudeau. Cohen was born in Montreal, Quebec. He studied political science at McGill University, then took graduate degrees in journalism and international relations at Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario. From 1991 to 1993, he was a visiting fellow at the University of Cambridge. He also spent a year at the German Institute for International and Security Affairs in Berlin. He has worked as a journalist for the Ottawa Citizen, United Press International, Time, the Financial Post, Saturday Night, and The Globe and Mail. At the Globe and Mail, he was a member of the editorial board and a columnist and foreign correspondent in Washington, D.C. Cohen has won two Canadian National Newspaper Awards, three National Magazine Awards, and the Queen's Golden Jubilee Medal. He has written and co-edited six books, among them The Unfinished Canadian: The People We Are, and While Canada Slept: How We Lost Our Place in the World, which was a national bestseller and a finalist for the Governor General's Literary Award for Non-Fiction. His other publications include the entry in the Extraordinary Canadians series on former Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson and Lost Beneath the Ice: The Story of HMS Investigator. Cohen lives in Ottawa with his wife, Mary, and their two children, Rachel and Alexander.

text:
# Andrew Cohen (journalist)

**Andrew Zebulon Cohen** (born 1955) is a Canadian journalist, author, and professor of journalism at Carleton University's School of Journalism and Norman Paterson School of International Affairs. Cohen has written widely on international affairs and on Canadian politics. His books include *A Deal Undone: The Making and Breaking of the Meech Lake Accord* and *Trudeau's Shadow: The Life and Legacy of Pierre Elliott Trudeau*.

Cohen was born in Montreal, Quebec. He studied political science at McGill University, then took graduate degrees in journalism and international relations at Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario. From 1991 to 1993, he was a visiting fellow at the University of Cambridge. He also spent a year at the German Institute for International and Security Affairs in Berlin.

He has worked as a journalist for the *Ottawa Citizen*, United Press International, *Time*, the *Financial Post*, *Saturday Night*, and *The Globe and Mail*. At the *Globe and Mail*, he was a member of the editorial board and a columnist and foreign correspondent in Washington, D.C. Cohen has won two Canadian National Newspaper Awards, three National Magazine Awards, and the Queen's Golden Jubilee Medal.

He has written and co-edited six books, among them *The Unfinished Canadian: The People We Are*, and *While Canada Slept: How We Lost Our Place in the World*, which was a national bestseller and a finalist for the Governor General's Literary Award for Non-Fiction. His other publications include the entry in the *Extraordinary Canadians* series on former Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson and *Lost Beneath the Ice: The Story of HMS Investigator*.

Cohen lives in Ottawa with his wife, Mary, and their two children, Rachel and Alexander.

## Partial bibliography

* *Trudeau's Shadow: The Life and Legacy of Pierre Elliott Trudeau*, with J. L. Granatstein (Vintage Canada, 1999, ISBN 0679310061)
* *While Canada Slept: How We Lost Our Place in the World* (2003, ISBN 0771022751)
* *The Unfinished Canadian: The People We Are* (McClelland & Stewart, 2007, ISBN 978-0771021817)
* *Extraordinary Canadians: Lester B. Pearson* written with John Ralston Saul (Penguin Canada, 2008 ISBN 978-0670067381)
* *Lost Beneath the Ice: The Story of HMS Investigator* (Dundurn, 2013, ISBN 978-1459719491)
* *Two Days in June: John F. Kennedy and the 48 Hours that Made History* (2014, ISBN 0771023871)

## InfoBox

| Andrew Zebulon Cohen | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1955<br>Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| Occupation(s) | Journalist, author, professor |


title: 1959 Edmonton municipal election

abstract: The 1959 Edmonton municipal election was held October 14, 1959, in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, to elect a mayor and five aldermen to sit on Edmonton City Council and four trustees to sit on each of the public and separate school boards. The electorate also decided eleven plebiscite questions. There were ten aldermen on city council, but five of the positions were already filled: Frederick John Mitchell, George Prudham, Donald Bowen, Ethel Wilson, and Laurette Douglas were all elected to two-year terms in 1958 and were still in office. There were seven trustees on the public school board, but three of the positions were already filled: J. Percy Page, Robert Thorogood, and William Orobko were elected to two-year terms in 1958 and were still in office. The same was true on the separate board, where Leo Lemieux, Vincent Dantzer, and E D Stack were continuing.

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# 1959 Edmonton municipal election

The **1959 Edmonton municipal election** was held October 14, 1959, in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, to elect a mayor and five aldermen to sit on Edmonton City Council and four trustees to sit on each of the public and separate school boards. The electorate also decided eleven plebiscite questions.

There were ten aldermen on city council, but five of the positions were already filled: Frederick John Mitchell, George Prudham, Donald Bowen, Ethel Wilson, and Laurette Douglas were all elected to two-year terms in 1958 and were still in office (in fact, Mitchell was in office as mayor, having been appointed four weeks earlier by council to replace William Hawrelak (resigned September 9, 1959), but city bylaws allowed him to resume his aldermanic term once a new mayor was elected).

There were seven trustees on the public school board, but three of the positions were already filled: J. Percy Page, Robert Thorogood, and William Orobko were elected to two-year terms in 1958 and were still in office. The same was true on the separate board, where Leo Lemieux, Vincent Dantzer, and E D Stack were continuing.

## Voter turnout

There were 52357 ballots cast out of 150062 eligible voters, for a voter turnout of 34.9%.

## Results

### Mayor

| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Citizens' Committee and Civic Reform Association | Elmer Roper | 25,465 | 49.02% |
|  | Independent | James Harper Prowse | 19,318 | 37.19% |
|  | Independent | William Pasternak | 6624 | 12.75% |
|  | Independent | John Thomas Bennett | 542 | 1.04% |

### Aldermen

| Party | | Candidate | Votes |  | Elected |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Citizens' Committee & Civic Reform Association | William Henning | 27,825 | SS | Y |
|  | Civic Reform Association | Angus McGugan | 22,711 | SS | Y |
|  | Civic Reform Association | Ed Leger | 21,372 | SS | Y |
|  | Civic Reform Association | Gordon McClary | 19,269 |  | Y |
|  | Citizens' Committee | McKim Ross | 17,950 | SS | Y |
|  | Citizens' Committee | Cliffard Roy | 17,172 | SS |
|  | Citizens' Committee | Morris Weinlos | 16,769 |
|  | Civic Reform Association | J. Les Bodie | 15,077 |
|  | Citizens' Committee | Robert McDonald | 14,592 |
|  | Independent | Ivor Dent | 13,870 | SS |
|  | Edmonton Voters Association | Julia Kiniski | 9,703 |
|  | Independent | Allan Welsh | 8,824 |
|  | Independent | Orval Allen | 7,671 | SS |
|  | Independent | Charles Simmonds | 7,629 | SS |
|  | Independent | Stan Rogalski | 3,787 |
|  | Edmonton Voters Association | E. J. (Slim) Powell | 3,050 |
|  | Edmonton Voters Association | Walter Doskoch | 2,639 |

### Public school trustees

| Party | | Candidate | Votes |  | Elected |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Citizens' Committee & Civic Reform Association | Angus MacDonald | 26,928 |  | Y |
|  | Civic Reform Association | Edith Rogers | 24,893 |  | Y |
|  | Citizens' Committee & Civic Reform Association | Vernon Johnson | 22,467 | SS | Y |
|  | Civic Reform Association | Murray Stewart Cooke | 20,707 |  |
|  | Citizens' Committee | Ernest Hanna | 18,685 |  |
|  | Citizens' Committee | Douglas Thomson | 14,742 | SS | Y |
|  | Independent | David Graham | 12,641 |  |
|  | Edmonton Voters Association | John Rawluk | 3,685 |

### Separate (Catholic) school trustees

| Party | | Candidate | Votes |  | Elected |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Independent | Joseph Moreau | 7,165 |  | Y |
|  | Independent | Orest Demco | 6,215 |  | Y |
|  | Independent | Catherine McGrath | 6,158 |  | Y |
|  | Independent | Henry Carrigan | 5,952 | SS | Y |
|  | Independent | Russell Burke | 5,892 | SS |

### Plebiscites

* Plebiscite items required a minimum two-thirds "Yes" majority to bring about action

#### Fluoridation of Water

Shall fluorides, for the prevention of tooth decay, be added to the City water supply sufficient to bring the fluoride content of City water up to the level of one part fluoride to one million parts of water?

* Yes - 27946
* **No** \- 22166

#### Landfill

Shall Council pass a bylaw creating a debenture debt in the sum of $75,000.00 for the purchase of land to be used as a refuse disposal area employing the sanitary fill method?

* **Yes** \- 20803
* No - 8925

#### Traffic Lights

Shall Council pass a bylaw creating a debenture debt in the sum of $160,000.00 in order to purchase and locate traffic lights on certain highway intersections within the City?

* **Yes** \- 22886
* No - 7128

#### Paving

Shall Council pass a bylaw creating a debenture debt in the sum of $250,000.00 for the City share of standard paving of arterial and residential streets?

* **Yes** \- 24502
* No - 5528

#### Parks

Shall Council pass a bylaw creating a debenture debt in the sum of $750,000.00 for constructing or improving park areas or playgrounds and circles, buffer zones, ravine side boulevards, small parks and triangles?

* **Yes** \- 21718
* No - 8154

#### Railway Underpass

Shall Council pass a bylaw creating a debenture debt in the sum of $300,00.00 for the City share of constructing an underpass of the Canadian National Railway tracks at the crossing of 127 Street at 126 Avenue?

* **Yes** \- 21420
* No - 9218

#### Bridge over Mill Creek Ravine

Shall Council pass a bylaw creating a debenture debt in the sum of $500,000.00 for the City share of constructing a four lane bridge to replace the existing structure over Mill Creek Ravine at 82nd Avenue?

* **Yes** \- 23490
* No - 6729

#### Royal Alexandra Hospital Expansion

Shall Council pass a bylaw creating a debenture debt in the sum of $3,000,000.00 so that the patient bed capacity of the new Royal Alexandra Hospital approved in 1958 may be increased by 300 beds and to buy equipment?

* **Yes** \- 25018
* No - 5911

#### Swimming Pool

Shall Council pass a bylaw creating a debenture debt in the sum of $350,000.00 for the City share of constructing an indoor swimming Pool at Eastglen Composite High School situated at 114th Avenue and 68th Street?

* Yes - 13842
* **No** \- 15577

#### Youth Shelter

Shall Council pass a bylaw creating a debenture debt in the sum of $175,000.00 for the purpose of constructing an Emergency Receiving Home for neglected children?

* **Yes** \- 25703
* No - 4802

#### Bridges over MacKinnon and MacKenzie ravines

Shall Council pass a bylaw creating a debenture debt in the sum of $1,000,000.00 for the purpose of constructing two 4 lane bridges to replace the existing structures located at 142 Street and MacKinnon Ravine, and 142 Street and MacKenzie Ravine?

* Yes - 16743
* **No** \- 12645

City of Edmonton: Edmonton Elections


title: 1936 VFL grand final

abstract: The 1936 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Collingwood Football Club and South Melbourne Football Club at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 3 October 1936. It was the 38th annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1936 VFL season. The match, attended by 74,091 spectators, was won by Collingwood by a margin of 11 points, marking that club's eleventh premiership victory.

text:
# 1936 VFL grand final

The **1936 VFL Grand Final** was an Australian rules football game contested between the Collingwood Football Club and South Melbourne Football Club at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 3 October 1936. It was the 38th annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1936 VFL season. The match, attended by 74,091 spectators, was won by Collingwood by a margin of 11 points, marking that club's eleventh premiership victory.

## Background

This was the second successive year in which Collingwood and South Melbourne met in a premiership decider, with Collingwood having won the 1935 VFL Grand Final. South Melbourne had contested all of the previous four Grand Finals but had emerged victorious only once, winning the 1933 VFL Grand Final.

On the eve of the finals series star Collingwood full-forward Gordon Coventry was suspended for eight weeks for striking Richmond's Joe Murdoch. As it was the first time Coventry had been reported in seventeen seasons of VFL football, there was surprise at the severity of the suspension. Coventry announced his retirement, but returned, after much persuasion, for one more season.

## Teams

## Match summary

Collingwood opened brilliantly with a goal to Knight one minute after the opening bounce. Todd added another and a flurry of misses followed. At this stage, Collingwood was dominating the play, but then Nash finally scored South Melbourne's first goal before Robertson kicked their second.

## Epilogue

Collingwood would continue to feature prominently in the finals, but would lose the next two Grand Finals, to Geelong and Carlton respectively. They would not be premiers again until 1953. Having participated in the last four Grand Finals, South Melbourne would not participate in another season decider until the infamous 1945 bloodbath, and would have to wait until 2005, by which time the club had become known as the *Sydney Swans*, to taste premiership success.

## Score

| **Collingwood** vs South Melbourne | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2:30pm | | | | |
| Team | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Final |
| **Collingwood** | 3.6 (24) | 7.16 (58) | 8.19 (67) | 11.23 (89) |
| South Melbourne | 3.4 (22) | 5.7 (37) | 8.12 (60) | 10.18 (78) |
|  | | | | |
| Venue: | | Melbourne Cricket Ground | | |
| Date and time: | | 3 October 1936 | | |
| Attendance: | | 74,091 | | |
| Umpires: | | Blackburn | | |
| Goal scorers: | **Collingwood** | **5:** Pannam
**4:** Todd
**1:** Knight, Kyne | | |
| | South Melbourne | **3:** Pratt
**2:** Johnson, Moore
**1:** Nash, Robertson, Evans | | |
| Best: | **Collingwood** | Pannam, Whelan, Carmody, Kyne, Todd, Fraser, Doherty, Ross, Regan | | |
| | South Melbourne | Robertson, Cleary, Hillis, Richards, Nash, Evans, Moore | | |
| Reports: | | nil | | |
| Injuries: | | nil | | |
|

## Bibliography

* Atkinson, Graeme; Atkinson, Brant (2009). *The Complete Book of AFL Finals*. Australia: The Five Mile Press Pty Ltd. ISBN 978-1-74211-275-6.

## InfoBox

| 1936 VFL Grand Final | |
| --- | --- |
|
Collingwood
South Melbourne  **11.23 (89)** **10.18 (78)** | |
| 1 2 3 4  **COLL** 3.6 (24) 7.16 (58) 8.19 (67) 11.23 (89)  **Sth. M** 3.4 (22) 5.7 (37) 8.12 (60) 10.18 (78) | |
| Date | 3 October 1936 |
| Stadium | Melbourne Cricket Ground |
| Attendance | 74,091 |
| 1935 VFL Grand Final 1937 | |


title: 1932 World Table Tennis Championships

abstract: The 6th World Table Tennis Championships were held in Prague from 25 to 30 January 1932.

text:
# 1932 World Table Tennis Championships

The **6th World Table Tennis Championships** were held in Prague from 25 to 30 January 1932.

## Medalists

### Team

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Swaythling Cup
Men's team | Czechoslovakia
Michael Grobauer
Stanislav Kolář
Jindřich Lauterbach
Antonín Maleček
Bedřich Nikodém | Hungary
Viktor Barna
Laszlo Bellak
Lajos Dávid
István Kelen
Miklós Szabados | Austria
Manfred Feher
Paul Flussmann
Erwin Kohn
Alfred Liebster
Robert Thum |

### Individual

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Men's singles | Viktor Barna | Miklós Szabados | István Boros |
| | | | Erwin Kohn |
| Women's singles | Anna Sipos | Mária Mednyánszky | Magda Gál |
| | | | Marie Šmídová |
| Men's Doubles | Viktor Barna
Miklós Szabados | Laszlo Bellak
Sándor Glancz | Charles Bull
David Jones |
| | | | István Boros
Tibor Házi |
| Women's Doubles | Mária Mednyánszky
Anna Sipos | Anna Braunova
Marie Šmídová | Vera Pavlaskova
Berta Zdobnicka |
| | | | Anita Felguth-Denker
Magda Gál |
| Mixed Doubles | Viktor Barna
Anna Sipos | Miklós Szabados
Mária Mednyánszky | Jaroslav Jílek
Marie Šmídová |
| | | | Sándor Glancz
Magda Gál |


title: Edmond Ned Hayes

abstract: Edmond "Ned" Hayes (1876-1946) was an Irish hurler who played as a forward for the Tipperary senior team. Hayes made his first appearance for the team during the 1899 championship and was a regular member of the starting for the next few seasons. During that time he won one All-Ireland medal and two Munster medals. In 1900, Hayes captained the team to the All-Ireland title. At club level Hayes was a multiple county championship medalist with Moycarkey–Borris.

text:
# Edmond Ned Hayes

**Edmond "Ned" Hayes** (1876-1946) was an Irish hurler who played as a forward for the Tipperary senior team.

Hayes made his first appearance for the team during the 1899 championship and was a regular member of the starting for the next few seasons. During that time he won one All-Ireland medal and two Munster medals. In 1900, Hayes captained the team to the All-Ireland title.

At club level Hayes was a multiple county championship medalist with Moycarkey–Borris.

## InfoBox

Ned Hayes
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Irish name | *Éamonn Ó hAodha* | | |
| Sport | Hurling | | |
| Position | Forward | | |
| Born | 1876
Two-Mile-Borris, County Tipperary | | |
| Died | 1946
Two-Mile-Borris, County Tipperary | | |
| Occupation | Farmer | | |
| Club(s) | | | |
| Years | **Club** | | |
| 1890s-1910s | Moycarkey–Borris | | |
| Club titles | | | |
| Tipperary titles | 4 | | |
| Inter-county(ies) | | | |
| Years | **County** | | |
| 1899-1905 | Tipperary | | |
| Inter-county titles | | | |
| Munster titles | 2 | | |
| All-Irelands | 1 | | |