title: 1932–33 FC Basel season

abstract: The 1932–33 season was the Fussball Club Basel 1893's 40th season in their existence and their 33rd consecutive season in the top flight of Swiss football. They played their home games in the Landhof in the district Wettstein in Kleinbasel. The club's chairman Franz Rinderer was confirmed at the AGM for the second consecutive period.

text:
# 1932–33 FC Basel season

The **1932–33 season** was the **Fussball Club Basel 1893's** 40th season in their existence and their 33rd consecutive season in the top flight of Swiss football. They played their home games in the Landhof in the district Wettstein in Kleinbasel. The club's chairman Franz Rinderer was confirmed at the AGM for the second consecutive period.

## Overview

At the beginning of the season the Austrian former international Karl Kurz was appointed as new head coach. The previous season Kunz had been head coach for FC Grenchen. He took over as club trainer from player-manager Otto Haftl who continued with the team as player. Basel played a total of 39 matches in their 1932–33 season. 15 of these matches were in the domestic league Nationalliga, seven in the Challenge National, six matches in the Swiss Cup and 11 matches were friendlies. Of these 11 friendly matches seven were played in the Landhof, two other games were also played in Switzerland and two were played in a tournament in Luxembourg. Of the friendly games, six games ended with a victory, one was drawn and four matches ended with a defeat. The team scored 42 goals and conceded 27.

In the middle of 36th National championships there was an intermediate championship called Challenge National (Championnat intermédiaire). The competition participants were divided into two groups, with encounters between the two groups taking place among themselves. The winners of both groups were to play the final. The games were played in the winter months between November and February. Basel were allocated to group 1 Basel and finished in fifth position, however the away match against Blue Stars Zürich was not played. Basel won three of their seven games drawing and losing twice. Group 1 was won by Grasshopper Club but the Challenge National championship was won by the BSC Young Boys.

Same situation as the previous season in the 36th Swiss championship 1932–33 Nationalliga was also divided into two groups. This year with eight teams in each group, coming from the whole of Switzerland and no longer just regional groups. The top team in each group would advance to the finals. The two second placed teams would have a play-off to decide the third final place and, same curiosity as the previous season, the second tier champions would also qualify to the finals. In this competition the teams played a double round robin. In the first stage the games were played between August and November the remaining between February and May. Basel were allocated to Group 1 and finished in second position in the table, with seven victories and four draws from 14 games. With 18 points they were five behind group winner Grasshopper Club who advanced with group 2 winners Young Boys to the finals. Etoile Carouge finished in last position in the group and suffered relegation. Second tier (1st League) champions were FC Bern and they also advanced to the finals. The cross-over play-off game between the second placed teams from each group was played in Basel in the Stadion Rankhof. But Basel lost 3–4 against Servette, despite the fact that Otto Haftl scored a hat-trick. As last team Servette advanced to the finals, which they finished level on points with Grasshoppers. Servette won the play-off match between these two teams and became champions.

In the Swiss Cup first round Basel were drawn at home in the Landhof against local team Concordia Basel, who in the meantime had been relegated to the third highest league. Basel won 4–2 and advanced to the next round. They played and won 3–0 at home against Blue Stars Zürich. In the third round Basel played away against AC Bellinzona and won 2–3 after extra time. The quarter-final was played at home against Lugano and was won 4–2. In the semi-final Basel were drawn with a home match against Lausanne-Sport. In another high scoring game Basel managed a 5–3 victory. Basel advanced to the Final, which was played in the Hardturm in Zürich. Twice Haftl, once Jaeck and once Walter Müller scored the goals as Basel won the final 4–3. This was their first ever national title, apart from the Anglo-Cup in 1913 which was a forerunner to the Swiss Cup.

The team scored 91 goals, excluding the friendly games, and conceded 62. Haftl was the team's top goal scorer, 17 in the league, 4 in the intermediate and 7 in the cup, in total 28 goals. Ferdinand Wesely was second best goal scorer, 9 in the league, 2 in the intermediate and 7 in the cup, in total 16 goals. Equal third were Alfred Jaeck (4/8/3) and Ernst Hufschmid (10/2/3) both with 15 goals.

## Players

The following is the list of the Basel first team squad during the season 1932–33. The list includes players that were in the squad the day the season started on 7 August 1932 but subsequently left the club after that date.

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

| No. Pos. Nation Player  GK  SUI Emil Blattmann  GK  SUI Paul Blumer  GK  SUI Kurt Imhof  GK  SUI Gerhard Walter  DF  SUI Armando Ardizzoia  DF  GER Hermann Enderlin (II)  DF  SUI Ernst Grauer  DF   Paul Heinrich  MF  SUI Ernst Hufschmid  MF  GER Emil Hummel | No. Pos. Nation Player  MF  CZE Vlastimil Borecký  MF  SUI Paul Schaub  FW  SUI Karl Bielser  FW  GER Alfred Enderlin (I)  FW  SUI Adolf Frey  FW  AUT Otto Haftl  FW  SUI Alfred Jaeck  MF  SUI Walter Müller  MF  SUI Alfred Schlecht  FW  AUT Ferdinand Wesely  FW  AUT Josef Chloupek |
| --- | --- |

## Results

### Legend

Win   Draw   Loss   Postponed

### Friendly matches

#### Pre-season

| 7 August 1932 Pre-season | **Basel** | **5–2** | **FC Birsfelden** | Landhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  | Summary |  | Attendance: 100 |

| 14 August 1932 Pre-season | **Luzern** | **0–5** | **Basel** | Tribschen |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  | Summary | Haftl
Haftl
Haftl
Wesely
Schlecht | Referee:  Martin |

| 18 August 1932 Pre-season | **Basel** | **2–1** | **Nordstern Basel** | Landhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 18:30 |  | Summary |  | Attendance: 1,500
Referee:  Spiedel |

| 21 August 1932 Pre-season | **Baden** | **2–8** | **Basel** | Baden |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  | Summary |  | Attendance: 500 |

#### Winter break to end of season

| 1 January 1933 Winter break | **Basel** | **3–2** | **SC Nicholson Wien** | Landhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14:30 | Müller  12' (1:0)
Haftl  60' (2:1)
Haftl  61' (3:1) | Summary | 43' (1:1) Kadletz
85' (3:2) Bydzowsky | Attendance: 2,000
Referee:  Feix Herren |

| 21 January 1933 Mid-season | **Basel** | **0–3** | **SK Admira Wien** | Landhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14:45 |  | Summary | 27' (0:1) Schall
87' (0:2) Vogl
88' (0:3) Vogl | Attendance: 5,000
Referee:  Felix Herren Basel |

| 2 April 1933 Mid-season | **Basel** | **5–5** | **Nordstern Basel** | Landhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 16:30 | Frey  (2x)
Haftl  (1x)
Hummel  (1x)
Wesely  (1x) | Summary | (2x) Possak
(1x) Bucco
(1x) Büche | Attendance: 3,000
Referee:  Pollitz Basel |

### Challenge National

#### Group 1 matches

| 20 November 1932 Round 1 | **Basel** | **5–0** | **Concordia Basel** | Landhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Müller  13' (1:0)
Jäck  38' (2:0)
Jäck  45' (3:0)
Jäck  50' (4:0)
Wesely  70' (5:0) | Summary |  | Attendance: 3,000
Referee:  H. Neumann |

| 27 November 1932 Round 2 | **Young Boys** | **3–3** | **Basel** | Wankdorf Stadium, Bern |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Schicker  20' (1:0)
Ziltener  55' (pen. 2:2)
O'Neill  70' (3:2) | Summary | 35' (pen. 1:1) Jäck
44' (1:2) Hummel oder Müller
82' (pen. 3:3) Jäck | Attendance: 3,500
Referee:  Diehelm |

| 11 December 1932 Round 3 | **Aarau** | **1–2** | **Basel** | Stadion Brügglifeld, Aarau |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Schmitt  40' (1:1) | Summary | 38' (o.g. 0:1) Wernli
80' (1:2) Hummel | Attendance: 1,000
Referee:  Cottier |

| 18 December 1932 Round 4 | **Lausanne-Sport** | **P–P** | **Basel** | Olympique de la Pontaise, Lausanne |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *Note: Abandoned after 60 minutes with the score at 2–2 due to fog; Replayed in January* | | | | |

| 2 January 1933 Round 4 | **Lausanne-Sport** | **4–2** | **Basel** | Olympique de la Pontaise, Lausanne |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14:30 | Lehmann  44' (1:0)
Weiller  (2:0)
Spagnoli  (3:0)
Spagnoli  (4:0) | \[ Summary\] | (4:1) Haftl
(4:2) Haftl | Attendance: 3,500
Referee:  Wittwer |

| 8 January 1933 Round 5 | **Servette** | **3–0** | **Basel** | Charmilles Stadium, Geneva |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14:30 | Marat  26' (1:0)
Kielholz  27' (2:0)
Kielholz  65' (3:0) | Summary |  | Attendance: 2,000
Referee:  Dagon |

| 15 January 1933 Round 6 | **Basel** | **2–2** | **Nordstern Basel** | Landhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14:30 | Haftl  6' (1:0)
Jäck  80' (pen. 2:2) | Summary | 35' (1:1) Büche
53' (1:2) Possak | Attendance: 4,000
Referee:  Sally Rosenbaum |

| 22 January 1933 Round 7 | **Basel** | **P–P** | **Blue Stars Zürich** | Landhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *Note: Match not played* | | | | |

| 12 February 1933 Round 8 | **Basel** | **6–1** | **Zürich** | Landhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Hufschmid  12' (1:0)
Haftl  28' (2:0)
Hufschmid  37' (3:0)
Jäck  58' (4:0)
Jäck  (5:0)
Wesely  76' (6:0) | Summary | 83' (6:1) Weyermann | Attendance: 3,000
Referee:  Mercet |

#### League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Grasshopper Club Zürich | 8 | 7 | 0 | 1 | 41 | 6 | +35 | 14 | Advance to final |
| 2 | Urania Genève Sport | 8 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 37 | 11 | +26 | 13 |  |
| 3 | FC Lugano | 8 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 21 | 12 | +9 | | 13 |
| 4 | FC Biel-Bienne | 8 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 16 | 8 | +8 | | 11 |
| 5 | FC Basel | 7 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 20 | 14 | +6 | | 8 |
| 6 | Young Fellows Zürich | 8 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 18 | 15 | +3 | | 8 |
| 7 | FC La Chaux-de-Fonds | 7 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 24 | 18 | +6 | | 7 |
| 8 | Étoile Carouge FC | 8 | 0 | 5 | 3 | 11 | 14 | 3 | | 5 |

Source: https://www.rsssf.org/tablesz/zwit33.html

### Nationalliga

#### Group 1 matches

| 28 August 1932 Round 1 | **Basel** | **6–3** | **Etoile Carouge** | Landhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 16:00 | Haftl  (1:0)
Hufschmid  (pen. 2:0)
Wesely  (3:2)
Wesely  (4:2)
Wesely  (5:2)
Schlecht  (6:2) | Summary | (2:1) Vaccani
44' (2:2) Machow
(6:3) Vaccani | Attendance: 4,000
Referee:  Demartines |

| 4 September 1932 Round 2 | **La Chaux-de-Fonds** | **2–3** | **Basel** | Stade Charrière, La Chaux-de-Fonds |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:30 | Ducommun  60' (1:2)
Jäggi  (pen. 2:3) | Summary | 11' (0:1) Wesely
(pen. 0:2) Hufschmid
70' (1:3) Haftl | Attendance: 3,000
Referee:  Paschoud |

| 11 September 1932 Round 3 | **Basel** | **1–1** | **Lugano** | Landhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14:00 | Hufschmid  53' (pen.)
Müller | Summary | 31' (0:1) Kittel
Meier | Attendance: 7,000
Referee:  Meyer |

| 25 September 1932 Round 4 | **Grasshopper Club** | **7–1** | **Basel** | Hardturm, Zürich |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:15 | Sekulic  5' (1:0)
Sekulic  11' (2:0)
Trello  35' (3:1)
Trello  47' (4:1)
Sekulic  49' (5:1)
Xam  61' (6:1)
Xam  73' (7:1) | \[ Summary\] | 33' (2:1) Borecký | Attendance: 9,000
Referee:  Wittwer |

| 9 October 1932 Round 5 | **Young Fellows Zürich** | **2–2** | **Basel** | Förrlibuck, Zürich |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:15 | Gyurkovits  15' (1:0)
Nehadoma  16' (2:0) | Summary | 69' (2:1) Haftl
79' (2:2) Haftl | Attendance: 2,500
Referee:  Spengler |

| 16 October 1932 Round 6 | **Basel** | **4–2** | **FC UGS Genève** | Landhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Hummel  (1:2)
Haftl  (2:2)
Haftl  (3:2)
Jäck  (4:2) | Summary | (0:1) Courtois
(0:2) Jäggi | Attendance: 6,000
Referee:  Hans Wüthrich Bern |

| 30 October 1932 Round 7 | **Basel** | **6–2** | **Biel-Bienne** | Landhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 13:15 | Jäck  22' (1:1)
Hummel  25' (2:1)
Enderlin (II)  64' (3:2)
Wesely  77' (4:2)
Haftl  84' (5:2)
Hufschmid  87' (pen. 6:2) | Summary | 8' (0:1) Beiner
40' (2:2) Aebi | Attendance: 4,000
Referee:  Heer |

| 19 February 1933 Round 8 | **Basel** | **4–1** | **La Chaux-de-Fonds** | Landhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 13:15 | Chodat  50' (o.g. 1:1)
Wesely  55' (2:1)
Wesely  84' (3:1)
Müller  88' (4:1) | Summary | 19' (0:1) Matzinger | Referee:  Hans Wüthrich Bern |

| 26 February 1933 Round 9 | **Lugano** | **1–0** | **Basel** | Campo Marzio, Lugano |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Donizetti  80' (1:0) | Summary |  | Attendance: 3,000
Referee:  Spengler |

| 19 March 1933 Round 10 | **Basel** | **7–0** | **Young Fellows Zürich** | Landhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 13:15 | Jäck  (1:0)
Wesely  22' (2:0)
Haftl  26' (3:0)
Jäck  (4:0)
Hufschmid  (5:0)
Hufschmid  (6:0)
Hufschmid  (7:0) | Summary |  | Attendance: 3,000
Referee:  Spengler |

| 26 March 1933 Round 11 | **FC UGS Genève** | **1–4** | **Basel** | Stade de Frontenex, Geneva |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:30 | Jäggi  5' (1:0) | Summary | 15' (1:1) Haftl
49' (1:2) Haftl
(1:3) Wesely
(1:4) Hufschmid | Attendance: 4,000
Referee:  W. Bangerter Geneva |

| Round 12 | **Biel-Bienne** | **P–P** | **Basel** | Gurzelen Stadion, Biel/Bienne |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

| 23 April 1933 Round 13 | **Etoile Carouge** | **1–1** | **Basel** | Stade de Frontenex, Geneva |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Macho  51' (1:1) | Summary | (0.1) Haftl | Attendance: 3,000
Referee:  Endreli |

| 30 April 1933 Round 14 | **Basel** | **3–3** | **Grasshopper Club** | Landhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Hufschmid  18' (1:0)
Hufschmid  55' (2:2)
Haftl  62' (3:2) | Summary | (1:1) Xam
42' (1:2) Xam
83' (3:3) Xam | Attendance: 15,000
Referee:  Dagon |

| 7 May 1933 Round 12 | **Biel-Bienne** | **6–3** | **Basel** | Gurzelen Stadion, Biel/Bienne |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Grünfeld II
Binder
Binder
(o.g.)
Heimer
? | Summary | Frey
Haftl
Haftl | Attendance: 2,000
Referee:  Rapin |

#### League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Grasshopper Club Zürich | 14 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 56 | 26 | +30 | 23 | Qualified for final |
| 2 | FC Basel | 14 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 42 | 29 | +13 | 18 | Qualified for play off |
| 3 | FC Lugano | 14 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 18 | 16 | +2 | 16 |  |
| 4 | FC La Chaux-de-Fonds | 14 | 7 | 1 | 6 | 19 | 15 | +4 | | 15 |
| 5 | Urania Genève Sport | 14 | 5 | 2 | 7 | 32 | 32 | 0 | | 12 |
| 6 | Young Fellows Zürich | 14 | 5 | 2 | 7 | 29 | 29 | 0 | | 12 |
| 7 | FC Biel | 14 | 6 | 0 | 8 | 29 | 45 | 16 | | 12 |
| 8 | Étoile Carouge FC | 14 | 1 | 2 | 11 | 15 | 48 | 33 | 4 | Relegated |

Source: rsssf.com

#### Play-off

| 28 May 1933 Match between 2nd of both groups | **Basel** | **3–4** | **Servette FC Genève** | Stadion Rankhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Haftl  46' (1:3)
Haftl  56' (2:3)
Haftl  89' (3:4) | Report | 21' (0:1) Kielholz
28' (0:2) L'Hote
38' (0:3) Tax
75' (2:4) Amado | Attendance: 7,000
Referee:  Enderli |

### Swiss Cup

| 2 October 1932 Round 1 | **Basel** | **4–2** | **Concordia Basel** | Landhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Wesely  15' (1:1)
Wesely  (2:1)
Haftl  (3:1)
Hummel  (4:1) | Summary | (0:1) Rufer
90' (4:2) Rufer | Attendance: 4,000
Referee:  Hans Wüthrich |

| 13 November 1932 Round 2 | **Basel** | **3–0** | **Blue Stars Zürich** | Landhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14:30 | Müller  (1:0)
Haftl  (2:0)
Hummel  (3:0) | Summary |  | Attendance: 2,500
Referee:  J. Besomo |

| 8 December 1932 Round 3 | **AC Bellinzona** | **2–3** (a.e.t.) | **Basel** | Campo Granata, Bellinzona |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Berini  (1:2)
Treier  (2:2) | Summary | 30' (0:1) Haftl
(0:2) Haftl
(2:3) Wesely | Attendance: 1,100
Referee:  Dagon |

| 5 February 1933 Quarter-final | **Basel** | **4–2** | **Lugano** | Landhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14:30 | Hufschmid  35' (1:0)
Hufschmid  48' (2:0)
Wesely  70' (3:1)
Müller  73' (4:1) | Summary | 40' Gilardoni
69' (2:1) Wilhelm
86' (4:2) Gianinazzi | Attendance: 6,500
Referee:  Wittwer |

| 5 March 1933 Semi-final | **Basel** | **5–3** | **Lausanne-Sport** | Stadion Rankhof, Basel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Hufschmid  18' (1:1)
Haftl  19' (2:1)
Jäck  42' (3:1)
Wesely  63' (4:2)
Jäck  70' (pen. 5:2) | Report | 25' (0:1) Tschirren
45' (3:2) Lehmann
(5:3) Lehmann | Attendance: 4,000
Referee:  Endetli |

| 9 April 1933 Final | **Basel** | **4–3** | **Grasshopper Club** | Hardturm, Zürich |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Haftl  29' (1:1)
Jäck  44' (2:1)
Haftl  60' (3:1)
Müller  68' (4:1) | Summary | 23' (0:1) Kritec
71' (4:2) Schneider
84' (pen. 4:3) Abegglen | Attendance: 15,000
Referee:  Wittwer (Genf) |

## Sources

## InfoBox

FC Basel
| 1932–33 season | |
| --- | --- |
| Chairman | Franz Rinderer |
| Manager | Karl Kurz |
| Ground | Landhof, Basel |
| Nationalliga | *2nd in Group 1* |
| Challenge National | *5th in Group 1* |
| Swiss Cup | *Winners* |
| Top goalscorer | League: Otto Haftl (17)
All: Otto Haftl (28) |
| Highest home attendance | 14,000 on 30 April 1933
vs Grasshopper Club |
| Lowest home attendance | 3,000 on 19 February 1933
vs La Chaux-de-Fonds
and on 19 March 1933
vs Young Fellows Zürich |
| Average home league attendance | 6,000 |
|  | |


title: 1946 Berlin state election

abstract: The 1946 Greater Berlin City Council election was held on 20 October 1946 to elect all 130 members of the City Council. It was the only all-Berlin election in the period between the end of the Second World War and German reunification in 1990. The clear winner of the election was the Social Democratic Party (SPD) led by Otto Ostrowski, which won 48.7% and 63 seats, just three short of a majority. The Christian Democratic Union finished in second place under Ferdinand Friedensburg with 22.2% of votes and 29 seats. The Socialist Unity Party (SED), formed a few months earlier as a merger of the Communist Party and the SPD branches in the Soviet zone, took just 19.8% of the vote and 26 seats. The remaining 9.3% of the votes went to the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) which received 12 seats. Voter turnout was 92.3%. The result was a clear rejection of the Socialist Unity Party, which was favored by the Soviet occupation authority, and of the CDU, which came to dominate politics in West Germany. SPD leader Ostrowski was elected mayor by the City Council in December and formed a cabinet comprising all four parties. However, rising hostility between the SPD and SED saw him come under pressure to dismiss the SED members of the ministry. When he refused, the SPD put forward a motion of no confidence in the city council, which narrowly fell short of the two-thirds majority required to pass. However Ostrowski's position was untenable and he resigned a few days later on 17 April. He was replaced by Ernst Reuter, who took a strongly anti-SED and anti-Soviet stance. As a result, the Soviet authorities refused to consent to his appointment and Louise Schroeder became acting mayor. In 1948, the eastern district and Soviet authorities withdrew from the city council and government, de facto dividing the city.

text:
# 1946 Berlin state election

The **1946 Greater Berlin City Council election** (*Stadtverordnetenversammlung von Groß-Berlin*) was held on 20 October 1946 to elect all 130 members of the City Council. It was the only all-Berlin election in the period between the end of the Second World War and German reunification in 1990.

The clear winner of the election was the Social Democratic Party (SPD) led by Otto Ostrowski, which won 48.7% and 63 seats, just three short of a majority. The Christian Democratic Union finished in second place under Ferdinand Friedensburg with 22.2% of votes and 29 seats. The Socialist Unity Party (SED), formed a few months earlier as a merger of the Communist Party and the SPD branches in the Soviet zone, took just 19.8% of the vote and 26 seats. The remaining 9.3% of the votes went to the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) which received 12 seats.

Voter turnout was 92.3%. The result was a clear rejection of the Socialist Unity Party, which was favored by the Soviet occupation authority, and of the CDU, which came to dominate politics in West Germany.

SPD leader Ostrowski was elected mayor by the City Council in December and formed a cabinet comprising all four parties. However, rising hostility between the SPD and SED saw him come under pressure to dismiss the SED members of the ministry. When he refused, the SPD put forward a motion of no confidence in the city council, which narrowly fell short of the two-thirds majority required to pass. However Ostrowski's position was untenable and he resigned a few days later on 17 April. He was replaced by Ernst Reuter, who took a strongly anti-SED and anti-Soviet stance. As a result, the Soviet authorities refused to consent to his appointment and Louise Schroeder became acting mayor. In 1948, the eastern district and Soviet authorities withdrew from the city council and government, *de facto* dividing the city.

## Results

| Party | | Votes | % | Seats |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 1,015,609 | 48.70 | 63 |
|  | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 462,425 | 22.18 | 29 |
|  | Socialist Unity Party of Germany | 412,582 | 19.78 | 26 |
|  | Free Democratic Party | 194,722 | 9.34 | 12 |
| Total | | 2,085,338 | 100.00 | 130 |
|  | | | | |
| Valid votes | | 2,085,338 | 97.96 |  |
| Invalid/blank votes | | 43,339 | 2.04 |  |
| Total votes | | 2,128,677 | 100.00 |  |
| Registered voters/turnout | | 2,307,122 | 92.27 |  |
| Source: Wahlen in Deutschland | | | | |

## InfoBox

1946 Berlin state election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| ---  All 130 seats in the Stadtverordnetenversammlung
66 seats needed for a majority | |
| Registered | 2,307,122 |
| Turnout | 2,128,677 (92.3%) |
| First party Second party   Candidate Otto Ostrowski Ferdinand Friedensburg  Party SPD CDU  Seats won 63 29  Popular vote 1,015,609 462,425  Percentage 48.7% 22.2%   ---  Third party Fourth party   Candidate Hermann Matern   Party SED LDPD  Seats won 26 12  Popular vote 412,582 194,722  Percentage 19.8% 9.3% | |
| ---  Results of the election by borough. The size of each pie chart indicates the number of votes cast. | |
| ---  **Mayor before election**
Arthur Werner
Independent **Elected Mayor**
Otto Ostrowski
SPD | |


title: 1949–50 English National League season

abstract: The 1949–50 English National League season was the ninth season of the English National League, the top level ice hockey league in England. Seven teams participated in the league, and the Streatham Royals won the championship.

text:
# 1949–50 English National League season

The **1949–50 English National League season** was the ninth season of the English National League, the top level ice hockey league in England. Seven teams participated in the league, and the Streatham Royals won the championship.

## Regular season

|  | Club | GP | W | T | L | GF–GA | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | Streatham Royals | 24 | 14 | 2 | 8 | 96:86 | **30** |
| 2. | Wembley Monarchs | 24 | 12 | 4 | 8 | 126:108 | **28** |
| 3. | Harringay Racers | 24 | 12 | 3 | 9 | 125:108 | **27** |
| 4. | Wembley Lions | 24 | 12 | 0 | 12 | 119:112 | **24** |
| 5. | Brighton Tigers | 24 | 9 | 4 | 11 | 113:126 | **22** |
| 6. | Nottingham Panthers | 24 | 10 | 1 | 13 | 126:151 | **21** |
| 7. | Earls Court Rangers | 24 | 7 | 4 | 13 | 86:100 | **18** |

## InfoBox

1949–50 English National League season
| 1948–49 (previous) (next) 1950–51 | |
| --- | --- |


title: Edward Doody

abstract: Edward John Doody was an Australian Roman Catholic bishop. Born in Brisbane, Doody was ordained to the priesthood in Rome on 12 March 1927, and was later parish priest of Nambour. Doody was named bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Armidale, Australia in 1948 and died in 1968 while still in office. He worked to improve conditions for local Aborigines. From 1958, he received debutantes at an annual Aboriginal Ball. He publicly opposed the discrimination precluding Asians migrating to Australia. In the 1950s, he was a strong supporter of B. A. Santamaria's fight against Communism. He was also a supporter of the New England New State Movement, and a member of its executive council, from 1949. He attended the Second Vatican Council from 1962 to 1965 and contributed to discussions on clerical celibacy and tradition.

text:
# Edward Doody

**Edward John Doody** (15 December 1903 − 9 April 1968) was an Australian Roman Catholic bishop.

Born in Brisbane, Doody was ordained to the priesthood in Rome on 12 March 1927, and was later parish priest of Nambour. Doody was named bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Armidale, Australia in 1948 and died in 1968 while still in office.

He worked to improve conditions for local Aborigines. From 1958, he received debutantes at an annual Aboriginal Ball. He publicly opposed the discrimination precluding Asians migrating to Australia.

In the 1950s, he was a strong supporter of B. A. Santamaria's fight against Communism. He was also a supporter of the New England New State Movement, and a member of its executive council, from 1949.

He attended the Second Vatican Council from 1962 to 1965 and contributed to discussions on clerical celibacy and tradition.


title: Andrew E. Skodol

abstract: Andrew E. Skodol is a professor of psychiatry at the University of Arizona and Columbia University. Skodol is a member of the American Psychiatric Association, American College of Psychiatrists, and the World Psychiatric Association. He was also the President of the Association for Research on Personality Disorders and, in 2017, the American Psychopathological Association. He graduated from Yale University and the University of Pennsylvania. Skodol received his psychiatric training at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, where he worked as an assistant professor until 1979, when he transferred to Columbia. Becoming a professor of Clinical Psychiatry from 1995 to 2007. From 2007 to 2008 he was the president of the Institute for Mental Health Research, and from 2008 to 2011 he helmed the Sunbelt Collaborative. Skodol helped write the DSM-5 and served as the chair for its work group on personality and Personality Disorders. While writing the DSM-5 he argued for the removal of Narcissistic personality disorder. From 2000 to 2003 he was the deputy director of the New York State Psychiatric Institute. He also is the chair of the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study. With his research primarily focused on diagnosis, stress and psychosocial functioning, Borderline personality disorder, Avoidant personality disorder, Major depressive disorder, Schizotypal personality disorder, Schizophrenia, and personality disorders. Skodol also worked to identify differing levels of severity amongst personality disorders, new personality disorder traits, new types of personality disorders, and new general personality disorder criteria.

text:
# Andrew E. Skodol

**Andrew E. Skodol** is a professor of psychiatry at the University of Arizona and Columbia University. Skodol is a member of the American Psychiatric Association, American College of Psychiatrists, and the World Psychiatric Association. He was also the President of the Association for Research on Personality Disorders and, in 2017, the American Psychopathological Association. He graduated from Yale University and the University of Pennsylvania. Skodol received his psychiatric training at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, where he worked as an assistant professor until 1979, when he transferred to Columbia. Becoming a professor of Clinical Psychiatry from 1995 to 2007. From 2007 to 2008 he was the president of the Institute for Mental Health Research, and from 2008 to 2011 he helmed the Sunbelt Collaborative. Skodol helped write the DSM-5 and served as the chair for its work group on personality and Personality Disorders. While writing the DSM-5 he argued for the removal of Narcissistic personality disorder. From 2000 to 2003 he was the deputy director of the New York State Psychiatric Institute. He also is the chair of the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study. With his research primarily focused on diagnosis, stress and psychosocial functioning, Borderline personality disorder, Avoidant personality disorder, Major depressive disorder, Schizotypal personality disorder, Schizophrenia, and personality disorders. Skodol also worked to identify differing levels of severity amongst personality disorders, new personality disorder traits, new types of personality disorders, and new general personality disorder criteria.


title: Andrew E. Lee

abstract: Andrew Ericson Lee was an American politician who served as the third Governor of South Dakota.

text:
# Andrew E. Lee

**Andrew Ericson Lee** (March 18, 1847 – March 19, 1934) was an American politician who served as the third Governor of South Dakota.

## Biography

Lee was born near Bergen in Norway and at a young age moved with his parents to the United States. His parents were Eric Lee and Augusta (Johnson) Lee. He spent his childhood on a farm in Dane County, Wisconsin. He moved to Dakota Territory and settled at Vermillion in 1867. Lee and Charles E. Prentis became partners in a mercantile business in 1869. Lee was married in 1872 to Annie M. Chappell. They had one daughter. Lee was the brother-in-law of Hans Gunderson and Lyman Burgess, both of whom served as members of the Dakota Territory House of Representatives. He was the uncle of Carl Gunderson who served as Governor of South Dakota. Hans Gunderson married Lee's sister Isabel. Isabel's brother and son were South Dakota Governors. (information about Isabel from unknown newspaper article in possession of a family member writing this update.) It was also known in the family that Andrew Lee and Carl Gunderson did not get along.

## Career

In 1896, Lee ran for Governor of South Dakota on the Populist ticket and beat A. O. Ringsrud of Elk Point by only 319 votes. He was elected to his second term on the Fusion Party ticket, an alliance of Independents in the state. The party was formed in 1896 from an alliance of Democrats, Free Silver Republicans, and Populists who were opposed to the platform of the state Republican Party. He was the only non-Republican governor to hold office until the election of William J. Bulow in 1926. Populist governor Lee was instrumental in getting the Initiative and Referendum passed. A major focus during his administration was eliminating inefficiency and mismanagement within State Government. A major issue during his administration was the organization and return of the state militia which served in the Philippines during the Spanish–American War.

In 1900, the Populists nominated Lee for Congress, and he spoke at the Populist convention in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Lee lost in a Republican landslide, which ended the political influence of the Populists in South Dakota. In 1908, Lee ran unsuccessfully as a Democratic candidate for Governor of South Dakota.

## Death

Andrew Lee died at his home in Vermillion, South Dakota, on March 19, 1934, the day after his 87th birthday. The Gundersons and the Lees are buried in the old Bluff's Cemetery (Bluff View Cemetery in Vermillion, Clay County, South Dakota US).

1. "Andrew E. Lee". The Political Graveyard. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
2. South Dakota Governor Andrew Ericson Lee Archived 2007-09-30 at the Wayback Machine. National Governors Association.

## InfoBox

| Andrew E. Lee | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| 3rd governor of South Dakota | |
| **In office**
January 1, 1897  January 8, 1901 | |
| Lieutenant | Charles N. Herreid
Daniel T. Hindman
John T. Kean |
| Preceded by | Charles H. Sheldon |
| Succeeded by | Charles N. Herreid |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | March 18, 1847
Bergen, Norway |
| Died | March 19, 1934(1934-03-19) (aged 87)
Vermillion, South Dakota |
| Political party | People's Party |
| Spouse | Annie Chappell |
| Profession | Merchant |
|  | |


title: Edward H. Moren

abstract: Edward Hawthorne Moren was the second Lieutenant Governor of Alabama. A Democrat, Moren served Governor Robert Burns Lindsay of the same political party, from 1870 to 1872. Moren was raised in Dinwiddie County, Virginia by his parents Daniel and Mary Moren. His father, Daniel, was a State senator in Virginia for several terms. After graduating from medical school in New York, Edward Moren enlisted in the U.S. Army as an assistant surgeon, serving during the Mexican–American War. After leaving the U.S. army in 1848, Moren moved to Bibb County, Alabama where he continued to practice medicine. Over a decade later, in 1861, Moren was appointed to the upper house of the general assembly, in order to represent Perry and Bibb Counties. During his time in the upper house, Moren served on the Committee of Finance and Taxation as well as the Joint Committee of Retrenchment, as chairman. After serving several terms in the upper house, Moren joined the Confederate States Army as a surgeon with the Twenty-ninth Alabama. In this position, Moren was charged with running a hospital in Greenville, Alabama. In 1870, Edward Moren was elected the second lieutenant governor of Alabama.

text:
# Edward H. Moren

**Edward Hawthorne Moren** (December 25, 1825 – March 19, 1886) was the second Lieutenant Governor of Alabama. A Democrat, Moren served Governor Robert Burns Lindsay of the same political party, from 1870 to 1872.

Moren was raised in Dinwiddie County, Virginia by his parents Daniel and Mary Moren. His father, Daniel, was a State senator in Virginia for several terms. After graduating from medical school in New York, Edward Moren enlisted in the U.S. Army as an assistant surgeon, serving during the Mexican–American War. After leaving the U.S. army in 1848, Moren moved to Bibb County, Alabama where he continued to practice medicine. Over a decade later, in 1861, Moren was appointed to the upper house of the general assembly, in order to represent Perry and Bibb Counties. During his time in the upper house, Moren served on the Committee of Finance and Taxation as well as the Joint Committee of Retrenchment, as chairman.

After serving several terms in the upper house, Moren joined the Confederate States Army as a surgeon with the Twenty-ninth Alabama. In this position, Moren was charged with running a hospital in Greenville, Alabama. In 1870, Edward Moren was elected the second lieutenant governor of Alabama.

## InfoBox

| Edward Hawthorne Moren | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| 2nd Lieutenant Governor of Alabama | |
| **In office**
November 26, 1870  November 17, 1872 | |
| Governor | Robert B. Lindsay |
| Preceded by | Andrew J. Applegate |
| Succeeded by | Alexander McKinstry |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1825-12-25)December 25, 1825
Boston, Massachusetts |
| Died | March 19, 1886(1886-03-19) (aged 60) |
| Political party | Democratic |
|  | |


title: Edward H. McNamara

abstract: Edward Howard McNamara (1926–2006) served as Wayne County, Michigan County Executive from 1987–2002, and also served as mayor of Livonia, Michigan, from 1970–1986, and as a member of Livonia City Council from 1962 to 1970. He is probably best known for overseeing the $1.6 billion expansion of Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport. The expansion included two new runways and the new Edward H. McNamara Terminal, which was named in his honor. McNamara was mentor to many leading Democrats, including Gov. Jennifer Granholm, who was Wayne County corporation Counsel under McNamara, prior to becoming Michigan Attorney General and later being elected as Michigan Governor. McNamara also played a key role helping the election campaign of Kwame Kilpatrick for mayor of Detroit in 2001, whose father, Bernard Kilpatrick, was McNamara's Chief of Staff while county executive. McNamara died on February 19, 2006.

text:
# Edward H. McNamara

**Edward Howard McNamara** (1926–2006) served as Wayne County, Michigan County Executive from 1987–2002, and also served as mayor of Livonia, Michigan, from 1970–1986, and as a member of Livonia City Council from 1962 to 1970. He is probably best known for overseeing the $1.6 billion expansion of Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport. The expansion included two new runways and the new Edward H. McNamara Terminal, which was named in his honor.

McNamara was mentor to many leading Democrats, including Gov. Jennifer Granholm, who was Wayne County corporation Counsel under McNamara, prior to becoming Michigan Attorney General and later being elected as Michigan Governor. McNamara also played a key role helping the election campaign of Kwame Kilpatrick for mayor of Detroit in 2001, whose father, Bernard Kilpatrick, was McNamara's Chief of Staff while county executive.

McNamara died on February 19, 2006.

## InfoBox

| Edward H. McNamara | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Wayne County Executive | |
| **In office**
1987–2002 | |
| Preceded by | William Lucas |
| Succeeded by | Robert A. Ficano |
| Mayor of Livonia | |
| **In office**
1970–1986 | |
| Preceded by | Harvey W. Moelke |
| Succeeded by | Robert McCann |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Edward Howard McNamara
(1926-09-21)September 21, 1926 |
| Died | February 19, 2006(2006-02-19) (aged 79)
Detroit, Michigan, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
|  | |


title: Edmund Sturton

abstract: Edmund Sturton was an English composer of the Tudor period. Little is known about his life and career, but he is believed to be the same Sturton whose six-part setting of Ave Maria ancilla Trinitatis is found in the Lambeth Choirbook. Another six-part setting, this of the Gaude virgo mater Christi, may be found in the Eton Choirbook; its voices cover a range of fifteen notes.

text:
# Edmund Sturton

**Edmund Sturton** (or **Stourton**, fl. late 15th-early 16th century) was an English composer of the Tudor period. Little is known about his life and career, but he is believed to be the same Sturton whose six-part setting of *Ave Maria ancilla Trinitatis* is found in the *Lambeth Choirbook*. Another six-part setting, this of the *Gaude virgo mater Christi*, may be found in the *Eton Choirbook*; its voices cover a range of fifteen notes.


title: Edmund Street

abstract: Edmund Street is a street located in Birmingham, England. Edmund Street is one of a series of roads on the old Colmore Estate which originally stretched from Temple Row in the city centre, around St Phillip's Cathedral, to the northern end of Newhall Street. Originally the estate surrounded New Hall which was occupied by the Colmore family. Edmund was one of the sons. Other roads on the estate are named after some of the other siblings. It was formerly known as Little Charles Street and Harlow Street. Edmund Street extends from Chamberlain Square at its western end to Livery Street and Snow Hill station at its eastern end. It originally continued westwards to Suffolk Street, where it became Broad Street, but in the 1960s this part was redeveloped as Paradise Circus, part of the Inner Ring Road. Much of Edmund Street is in the Colmore Row and Environs Conservation Area and has many listed buildings. There is a short length of surviving Birmingham Corporation Tramways track between the two Council House/museum blocks.

text:
# Edmund Street

52°28′55″N 1°54′07″W / 52.482°N 1.902°W / 52.482; -1.902

**Edmund Street** is a street located in Birmingham, England.

Edmund Street is one of a series of roads on the old Colmore Estate which originally stretched from Temple Row in the city centre, around St Phillip's Cathedral, to the northern end of Newhall Street. Originally the estate surrounded New Hall which was occupied by the Colmore family. Edmund was one of the sons. Other roads on the estate are named after some of the other siblings. It was formerly known as Little Charles Street and Harlow Street.

Edmund Street extends from Chamberlain Square at its western end to Livery Street and Snow Hill station at its eastern end. It originally continued westwards to Suffolk Street, where it became Broad Street, but in the 1960s this part was redeveloped as Paradise Circus, part of the Inner Ring Road.

Much of Edmund Street is in the *Colmore Row and Environs* Conservation Area and has many listed buildings.

There is a short length of surviving Birmingham Corporation Tramways track between the two Council House/museum blocks.

## Notable buildings

### North side

Numbers 96, 100-102, 158 are also listed buildings.

### South side

* 103, popularly known as the *Bell Edison Telephone Building*. This building is on the corner of Newhall Street and its current postal address is 17 & 19 Newhall Street.
* 105 & 107 (now numbered 111), the former Birmingham and Midland Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital (including 70-78 Barwick Street, facade only), 1890-1, Jethro A Cossins and Peacock. Brick and terracotta, Grade II listed.
* The Birmingham and Midland Eye Hospital, 1883-4 by Payne & Talbot. Since 2000, a hotel.

Numbers 121-123, 125-131, 133 are also listed buildings.

## Demolished buildings


title: 1939 Loretta

abstract: 1939 Loretta, provisional designation 1974 UC, is a carbonaceous Themistian asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 30 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 17 October 1974, by American astronomer Charles Kowal at Palomar Observatory in California, who named it after his daughter, Loretta Kowal. The discovery of the asteroid took place during Kowal's follow-up observations of Jupiter's moon Leda, which he had discovered one month prior.

text:
# 1939 Loretta

**1939 Loretta**, provisional designation 1974 UC, is a carbonaceous Themistian asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 30 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 17 October 1974, by American astronomer Charles Kowal at Palomar Observatory in California, who named it after his daughter, Loretta Kowal. The discovery of the asteroid took place during Kowal's follow-up observations of Jupiter's moon Leda, which he had discovered one month prior.

## Orbit and classification

*Loretta* is a member of the Themis family, a dynamical family of main-belt asteroids with nearly coplanar ecliptical orbits. It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.7–3.5 AU once every 5 years and 6 months (2,015 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.13 and an inclination of 1 with respect to the ecliptic.

First identified as 1934 JE at the South African Johannesburg Observatory, *Loretta*'s first used observation was made at the Finnish Turku Observatory in 1939, extending the body's observation arc by 35 years prior to its discovery.

## Physical characteristics

*Loretta* has been characterized as a carbonaceous C-type asteroid.

### Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, *Loretta* measures between 26.3 and 30.4 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo between 0.092 and 0.101. The *Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link* derives an albedo of 0.072 and a diameter of 29.8 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 11.1.

### Rotation period

A fragmentary rotational lightcurve of *Loretta* was obtained from photometric observations made by French amateur astronomer Pierre Antonini in March 2011. It gave an approximate rotation period of 25 hours with a brightness variation of 0.12 magnitude (U=1).

## Naming

This minor planet was named by the discoverer after his daughter, Loretta Kowal. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 June 1975 (M.P.C. 3828).

## InfoBox

1939 Loretta
| Discovery | |
| --- | --- |
| Discovered by | C. Kowal |
| Discovery site | Palomar Obs. |
| Discovery date | 17 October 1974 |
| Designations | |
| MPC designation | (1939) Loretta |
| Named after | Loretta Kowal
(daughter of discoverer) |
| Alternative designations | 1974 UC **·** 1934 JE
1934 LQ **·** 1939 EH
1939 GP **·** 1950 DT
1950 ES **·** 1951 MF
1955 CA **·** 1969 TE5
1975 TZ5 **·** 1975 XW |
| Minor planet category | main-belt **·** Themistian |
| Orbital characteristics | |
| Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | |
| Uncertainty parameter 0 | |
| Observation arc | 67.21 yr (24,547 days) |
| Aphelion | 3.5154 AU |
| Perihelion | 2.7291 AU |
| Semi-major axis | 3.1222 AU |
| Eccentricity | 0.1259 |
| Orbital period (sidereal) | 5.52 yr (2,015 days) |
| Mean anomaly | 24.968 |
| Mean motion | 0° 10m 43.32s / day |
| Inclination | 0.9058° |
| Longitude of ascending node | 40.473° |
| Argument of perihelion | 189.36° |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Dimensions | 26.34±0.46 km
29.08±0.51 km
29.83 km (derived)
30.243±0.335 km
30.365±0.351 |
| Synodic rotation period | 25 |
| Geometric albedo | 0.0721 (derived)
0.092±0.013
0.0927±0.0089
0.101±0.020
0.103±0.004 |
| Spectral type |  |
| Absolute magnitude *(H)* | 10.8 **·** 11.0 **·** 11.1 |
|  | |


title: Edward J. Balleisen

abstract: Edward J. Balleisen is an American academic. He is a professor of History at Duke University, and the author or editor of several books.

text:
# Edward J. Balleisen

**Edward J. Balleisen** is an American academic. He is a professor of History at Duke University, and the author or editor of several books.

## Early life

After growing up in Louisville, Kentucky, Edward Balleisen graduated from Princeton University, where he earned a bachelor of arts degree in 1987. He earned an MPhil and a PhD from Yale University, in 1992 and 1995 respectively. From 1995 to 1997, he held a postdoctoral fellowship and teaching post at the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg, South Africa. Balleisen has taught at Duke University since 1997.

## Career

A professor of history and public policy at Duke University, Balleisen has written two historical monographs, coedited two interdisciplinary books, and edited a three-volume interdisciplinary research collection. He is also Duke's vice provost for interdisciplinary studies.

According to David Rossell in the *Journal of the Early Republic*, in his first book, *Navigating Failure: Bankruptcy and Commercial Society in Antebellum America*, Balleisen "seeks to show how bankruptcy both sprang from and helped shape commerce during the antebellum period." Rossell added that the book "is worth reading if only for its fascinating description of business life in America from 1820 to 1860." In *The Florida Historical Quarterly*, Tony A. Freyer highlighted the "considerate detail" in Balleisen's analysis as well as his "richly textured narrative", which be characterized as "balanced." His second book, *Fraud: An American History from Barnum to Madoff*, published in 2017, focuses on the history of business fraud and policy responses to commercial deception in the United States. In the *Chicago Review of Books*, Dean Jobb called *Fraud* “an ambitious exploration of two centuries’ worth of swindles, bogus stock schemes and corporate crime” with “plenty of shady characters and ingenious fraudulent schemes” to engage readers.

Balleisen is coeditor of *Policy Shock: Recalibrating Risk and Regulation after Oil Spills, Nuclear Accidents, and Financial Crises*, published in 2017, which explores the ways in which industrialized democracies have reshaped their regulatory institutions following major crises.

He also coedited *Government and Markets: Toward a New Theory of Regulation*, published in 2010, with David Moss, in conjunction with The Tobin Project. This volume includes essays from leading social scientists about the role of effective regulatory policy in constituting markets and reducing socioeconomic harms associated with modern capitalism. Balleisen directed the Rethinking Regulation Archived 2018-06-28 at the Wayback Machine program at Duke's Kenan Institute for Ethics from 2010 to 2015. While director, he produced *Business Regulation*, a three-volume work composed of influential writings on regulatory policy since 1870.

As Duke’s vice provost for interdisciplinary studies, Balleisen oversees the Bass Connections program, as well as university-wide institutes and initiatives that foster collaborative research, teaching, and outreach.

He is the lead Principal Investigator on the Versatile Humanists at Duke project, funded by a Next Generation PhD implementation grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities.

According to Colleen Flaherty of *Inside Higher Ed*, Balleisen has observed that collaborative research “leads to excellence, whether one envisages research within the academy or research outside of it, whether it’s teaching or whether it’s civic engagement, again, from the academic perch or outside of it."

## Works

* Balleisen, Edward J. (2001). *Navigating Failure: Bankruptcy and Commercial Society in Antebellum America*. Chapel Hill, North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 9780807826003. OCLC 923717049.
* Balleisen, Edward J.; Moss, David A., eds. (2009). *Government and Markets : Toward a New Theory of Regulation*. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521118484. OCLC 876234535.
* Ballseisen, Edward J., ed. (2015). *Business Regulation*. Cheltenham, U.K.: Edward Elgar Publishing. ISBN 9781784713041. OCLC 969929535.
* Balleisen, Edward J. (2017). *Fraud: An American History from Barnum to Madoff*. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691164557. OCLC 976430883.
* Balleisen, Edward J.; Bennear, Lori S.; Krawiec, Kimberly D.; Wiener, Jonathan B.; eds. (2017). *Policy Shock: Recalibrating Risk and Regulation after Oil Spills, Nuclear Accidents and Financial Crises.* Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781107140219

## InfoBox

| Edward J. Balleisen | |
| --- | --- |
| Alma mater | Princeton University<br>Yale University |
| Occupation | Historian |
| Employer | Duke University |


title: 1952 German football championship

abstract: The 1952 German football championship was the culmination of the football season in the West Germany in 1951–52. VfB Stuttgart were crowned champions for the second time after a group stage and a final, having previously won the championship in 1950.

text:
# 1952 German football championship

The **1952 German football championship** was the culmination of the football season in the West Germany in 1951–52. VfB Stuttgart were crowned champions for the second time after a group stage and a final, having previously won the championship in 1950.

## Qualified teams

The teams qualified through the 1951–52 Oberliga season:

| Club | Qualified from |
| --- | --- |
| Hamburger SV | Oberliga Nord champions |
| VfL Osnabrück | Oberliga Nord runners-up |
| Rot-Weiss Essen | Oberliga West champions |
| Schalke 04 | Oberliga West runners-up |
| Tennis Borussia Berlin | Oberliga Berlin champions |
| 1. FC Saarbrücken | Oberliga Südwest champions |
| VfB Stuttgart | Oberliga Süd champions |
| 1. FC Nürnberg | Oberliga Süd runners-up |

## Competition

### Group 1

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GR | Pts | Qualification |  | FCS | FCN | HSV | S04 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 1. FC Saarbrücken | 6 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 17 | 13 | 1.308 | 8 | Advance to final |  |  | 3–1 | 3–0 | 4–1 |
| 2 | 1. FC Nürnberg | 6 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 18 | 13 | 1.385 | 7 |  |  | 5–2 |  | 4–0 | 4–2 |
| 3 | Hamburger SV | 6 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 16 | 15 | 1.067 | | 6 |  | 4–1 | 4–2 |  | 8–2 |
| 4 | Schalke 04 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 12 | 22 | 0.545 | | 3 |  | 2–4 | 2–2 | 3–0 |  |

Source: RSSSF
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Goal ratio.

| 27 April 1952 | **Hamburger SV** | **4 – 2** | **1. FC Nürnberg** | Hamburg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Harden  8', 49'
Klepacz  13'
Woitkowiak  43' |  | Winterstein  37', 76' | Stadium: Sportplatz am Rothenbaum
Attendance: 28,000
Referee: Wershoven (Euskirchen) |

| 27 April 1952 | **1. FC Saarbrücken** | **4 – 1** | **Schalke 04** | Saarbrücken |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Schreiner  23'
Momber  42'
Otto  54'
Binkert  85' |  | Klodt  77' | Stadium: Kieselhumes
Attendance: 35,000
Referee: Eberle (Stuttgart) |

| 11 May 1952 | **1. FC Nürnberg** | **5 – 2** | **1. FC Saarbrücken** | Nuremberg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Morlock  2'
Winterstein  17', 70'
Herbolsheimer  34', 89' |  | Otto  6'
Binkert  37' | Stadium: Club-Stadion im Zabo
Attendance: 65,000
Referee: Müller (Soest) |

| 11 May 1952 | **Schalke 04** | **3 – 0** | **Hamburger SV** | Gelsenkirchen |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Malinowski  60', 76'
Kuzniewski  83' |  |  | Stadium: Glückauf-Kampfbahn
Attendance: 43,000
Referee: Schmetzer (Mannheim) |

| 18 May 1952 | **Schalke 04** | **2 – 2** | **1. FC Nürnberg** | Gelsenkirchen |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Klodt  46'
Kuzniewski  48' |  | Glomb  33'
Morlock  88' | Stadium: Glückauf-Kampfbahn
Attendance: 42,000
Referee: Pucker (Berlin) |

| 18 May 1952 | **1. FC Saarbrücken** | **3 – 0** | **Hamburger SV** | Saarbrücken |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Martin  35', 70'
Momber  64' |  |  | Stadium: Kieselhumes
Attendance: 30,000
Referee: Fink (Frankfurt) |

| 25 May 1952 | **1. FC Nürnberg** | **4 – 2** | **Schalke 04** | Nuremberg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Morlock  8' (pen.)
Mirsberger  71'
Winterstein  84' |  | Malinowski  21'
Kuzniewski  65' | Stadium: Club-Stadion im Zabo
Attendance: 50,000
Referee: Burmeister (Hamburg) |

| 25 May 1952 | **Hamburger SV** | **4 – 1** | **1. FC Saarbrücken** | Hamburg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Harden  8', 44', 89'
Schemel  25' |  | Balzert  15' | Stadium: Sportplatz am Rothenbaum
Attendance: 28,000 |

| 2 June 1952 | **1. FC Nürnberg** | **4 – 0** | **Hamburger SV** | Nuremberg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Morlock  10', 53'
Winterstein  47', 70' |  |  | Stadium: Club-Stadion im Zabo
Attendance: 30,000
Referee: Nettekoven (Bonn) |

| 2 June 1952 | **Schalke 04** | **2 – 4** | **1. FC Saarbrücken** | Gelsenkirchen |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Malinowski  18'
Kuzniewski  60' |  | Binkert  23'
Otto  31'
Martin  68'
Momber  86' | Stadium: Glückauf-Kampfbahn
Attendance: 35,000
Referee: Ruhmann (Regensburg) |

| 8 June 1952 | **1. FC Saarbrücken** | **3 – 1** | **1. FC Nürnberg** | Saarbrücken |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Schreiner  57'
Binkert  70'
Momber  81' |  | Glomb  11' | Stadium: Kieselhumes
Attendance: 35,000
Referee: Ternieden (Oberhausen) |

| 8 June 1952 | **Hamburger SV** | **8 – 2** | **Schalke 04** | Hamburg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Klepacz  19', 67', 71'
Pendorf  39', 90'
Woitkowiak  46', 85'
Harden  87' |  | Kleina  56'
Kuzniewski  64' | Stadium: Sportplatz am Rothenbaum
Attendance: 20,000
Referee: Reinhardt (Stuttgart) |

### Group 2

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GR | Pts | Qualification |  | VFB | RWE | OSN | TBB |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | VfB Stuttgart | 6 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 14 | 8 | 1.750 | 8 | Advance to final |  |  | 5–3 | 3–1 | 3–0 |
| 2 | Rot-Weiss Essen | 6 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 14 | 15 | 0.933 | 6 |  |  | 3–2 |  | 2–0 | 2–4 |
| 3 | VfL Osnabrück | 6 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 9 | 9 | 1.000 | | 5 |  | 0–0 | 3–2 |  | 4–0 |
| 4 | Tennis Borussia Berlin | 6 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 8 | 13 | 0.615 | | 5 |  | 1–1 | 1–2 | 2–1 |  |

Source: RSSSF
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Goal ratio.

### Final

| VfB Stuttgart | 3 – 2 | 1. FC Saarbrücken |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Schlienz  18'
Baitinger  43'  73' |  | Schreiner  15'
Martin  54' |

Südweststadion, LudwigshafenAttendance: 86,000Referee: J.Nettekoven

| **STUTTGART:**   Karl Bögelein  Rolf Krauß  Richard Steimle  Erich Retter  Robert Schlienz  Leo Kronenbitter  Karl Barufka  Roland Wehrle  Konrad Schreiner  Rolf Blessing  Otto Baitinger  **Manager:**  Georg Wurzer | **SAARBRÜCKEN:**   Erwin Strempel  Theodor Puff  Waldemar Philippi  Nikolaus Biewer  Karl Berg  Werner Otto  Peter Momber  Peter Krieger  Herbert Martin  Herbert Binkert  Jakob Balzert  **Manager:** |
| --- | --- |

## InfoBox

1952 German championship
| Deutsche Fußballmeisterschaft | |
| --- | --- |
| Tournament details | |
| Country | West Germany |
| Dates | 27 April – 22 June |
| Teams | 8 |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | VfB Stuttgart
2nd German title |
| Runner-up | 1. FC Saarbrücken |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 25 |
| Goals scored | 113 (4.52 per match) |
| Top goal scorer(s) | Konrad Winterstein (7 goals) |
|  | |


title: Edward Kleinschmidt Mayes

abstract:
Edward Kleinschmidt Mayes is an American poet and writer.
Mayes' books of poetry include Magnetism, First Language, To Remain, Works and Days, Speed of Life, and Bodysong.

text:
# Edward Kleinschmidt Mayes

**Edward Kleinschmidt Mayes** (born 29 October 1951) is an American poet and writer. Mayes' books of poetry include *Magnetism*, *First Language*, *To Remain*, *Works and Days*, *Speed of Lif*e, and *Bodysong*.

## Biography

Edward Kleinschmidt Mayes was born in Minnesota.

Mayes received a BA in English from Saint Mary's College, a Christian Brothers college in Winona, Minnesota. He went on to earn an MA in creative writing from Hollins College in Virginia in 1976.

After finishing graduate school, Mayes moved to San Francisco, California. He began working at Santa Clara University in 1981, where he helped establish the university's Creative Writing Program. In 1993, he became an associate professor of English and served as the director of the Creative Writing Program.

Mayes' long time partner is the writer Frances Mayes, who he met in the mid 1980s. In 1990, the couple purchased a home in Cortona, Italy, and began to regularly summer and winter there, documented in the memoir Under the Tuscan Sun and its sequels *Bella Tuscany* and *In Tuscany*.

Edward and Frances legally married in 1998 and Edward took her last name.

Mayes and his wife currently live in Hillsborough, North Carolina and Cortona, Italy.

## Writings

To date, Mayes has published five books of poetry: *Magnetism* (1987), *First Language* (1990), *Works and Days* (1999), *Speed of Life* (1999), and *Bodysong* (1999). He has also published the individual poem *To Remain*.

In 1997, Mayes received a National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship in poetry.

In 1999, *Works and Days* received the Associated Writing Programs Award Series in Poetry accolade.

His poems have appeared in American Poetry Review, Gettysburg Review, Iowa Review, Massachusetts Review, New England Review, The New Yorker, *Poetry (*Chicago), TriQuarterly, Virginia Quarterly Review, and the Best American Poetry.

His books have received the Juniper Prize, the Gesù Award, the Bay Area Book Reviewers Association Award, and the Associated Writing Programs Prize. He's also received the Cecil Hemley Memorial Award and the Gordon Barber Memorial Award from the Poetry Society of America, and a National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship in Poetry.

Mayes also collaborated with his wife Frances Mayes to write *In Tuscany* (photographs by Bob Krist), *Bringing Tuscany Home: Sensuous Style from the Heart of Italy* (photographs by Steven Rothfeld), and *The Tuscan Sun Cookbook: Recipes from My Italian Kitchen* (photographs by Steven Rothfeld).

## InfoBox

| Edward Kleinschmidt Mayes | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1951-10-29) October 29, 1951
Minnesota, U.S. |
| Occupation | Poet
Professor |
| Spouse | Frances Mayes |


title: Edward Klabiński

abstract:
Edward Klabiński was a professional racing cyclist from Poland. He was the first cyclist from Poland to take part in the Tour de France. He finished in 34th place at the 1947 Tour de France. He also rode in the 1948 Tour de France where he finished 2nd on two stages, and placed 18th overall.
Klabiński won the first edition of the Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré.

text:
# Edward Klabiński

**Edward Klabiński** (7 August 1920 – 4 March 1997) was a professional racing cyclist from Poland. He was the first cyclist from Poland to take part in the Tour de France. He finished in 34th place at the 1947 Tour de France. He also rode in the 1948 Tour de France where he finished 2nd on two stages, and placed 18th overall. Klabiński won the first edition of the Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré.

## Major results

Sources:

### Grand Tour general classification results timeline

| Grand Tour | 1947 | 1948 | 1949 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Vuelta a España |  |  | NH |
| Giro d'Italia |  |  |  |
| Tour de France | 34 | 18 | DNF |

Legend
|  | Did not compete |
| --- | --- |
| DNF | Did not finish |
| NH | Not Held |

## InfoBox

Edward Klabiński
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Edward Klabiński |
| Born | (1920-08-07)7 August 1920
Herne, Germany |
| Died | 4 March 1997(1997-03-04) (aged 76)
Halluin, France |
| Team information | |
| Discipline | Road |
| Role | Rider |
| Major wins | |
| **Stage races** | |
|  | |


title: 1941 NCAA golf championship

abstract: The 1941 NCAA Golf Championship was the third annual NCAA-sanctioned golf tournament to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate golf in the United States. The tournament was held at the Ohio State University Golf Club in Columbus, Ohio. Stanford won the team championship, the second title for the Indians. Earl Stewart from LSU captured the individual title.

text:
# 1941 NCAA golf championship

The **1941 NCAA Golf Championship** was the third annual NCAA-sanctioned golf tournament to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate golf in the United States. The tournament was held at the Ohio State University Golf Club in Columbus, Ohio.

Stanford won the team championship, the second title for the Indians. Earl Stewart from LSU captured the individual title.

## Team results

| Rank | Team | Score |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **Stanford** | **580** |
| 2 | LSU (DC) | 599 |
| 3 | Duke | 603 |
| 4 | Illinois | 606 |
| 5 | Ohio State (H) | 609 |
| 6 | Texas | 611 |
| T7 | Michigan State College | 615 |
| | Northwestern | |
| 9 | Notre Dame | 616 |
| 10 | Minnesota | 618 |

* Note: Top 10 only
* DC = Defending champions
* H = Hosts

## InfoBox

1941 NCAA Golf Championship
| Tournament information | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Columbus, Ohio, U.S. |
| Course(s) | Ohio State University Golf Club |
| Statistics | |
| Field | 19 teams |
| Champion | |
| **Team:** Stanford (2)<br>**Individual:** Earl Stewart (LSU) | |
| **Team:** 580 | |
|  | |


title: Andrew Arcedeckne

abstract: Andrew Arcedeckne was a British landowner and MP. He was the eldest son of Jamaica plantation owner Chaloner Arcedeckne of Cockfield Hall and Glevering Hall, Suffolk and educated at Eton College and Christ Church, Oxford. He succeeded his father in 1809 and made Glevering Hall his home. Arcedeckne was appointed High Sheriff of Suffolk for 1819–1820 and was Member of Parliament for the rotten borough of Dunwich from 1826 to 1831. He owned two plantations in St Thomas in the East, Jamaica, Golden Grove and Bachelor's Hall Pen. Arcedeckne married his cousin Ann Harriet, the daughter of Francis Love Beckford of Basing Park.

text:
# Andrew Arcedeckne

**Andrew Arcedeckne** (8 January 1780 – 8 February 1849) was a British landowner and MP.

He was the eldest son of Jamaica plantation owner Chaloner Arcedeckne of Cockfield Hall and Glevering Hall, Suffolk and educated at Eton College and Christ Church, Oxford. He succeeded his father in 1809 and made Glevering Hall his home.

Arcedeckne was appointed High Sheriff of Suffolk for 1819–1820 and was Member of Parliament for the rotten borough of Dunwich from 1826 to 1831.

He owned two plantations in St Thomas in the East, Jamaica, Golden Grove and Bachelor's Hall Pen.

Arcedeckne married his cousin Ann Harriet, the daughter of Francis Love Beckford of Basing Park.

* "ARCEDECKNE, Andrew (1780-1849), of Glevering Hall, Hacheston, Suff. and 1 Grosvenor Square, Mdx". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 27 February 2013.


abstract: The 1945 North Dakota Agricultural Bison football team was an American football team that represented North Dakota Agricultural College in the North Central Conference (NCC) during the 1945 college football season. In its second season under head coach Robert A. Lowe, the team compiled a 1–4–1 record. The team played its home games at Dacotah Field in Fargo, North Dakota.

text:
# 1945 North Dakota Agricultural Bison football team

The **1945 North Dakota Agricultural Bison football team** was an American football team that represented North Dakota Agricultural College (now known as North Dakota State University) in the North Central Conference (NCC) during the 1945 college football season. In its second season under head coach Robert A. Lowe, the team compiled a 1–4–1 record. The team played its home games at Dacotah Field in Fargo, North Dakota.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Source |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| September 28 | at Bemidji State* | Bemidji, MN | L 0–6 |  |
| October 5 | at Winnipeg Blue Bombers* |  | L 0–27 |  |
| October 13 | Concordia–Moorhead* |  | T 0–0 |  |
| October 20 | at North Dakota |  | L 12–20 |  |
| October 27 | North Dakota | * Dacotah Field * Fargo, ND | W 26–7 |  |
| November 3 | at Hamline* |  | L 0–43 |  |
| * \*Non-conference game * Homecoming | | | | |

## InfoBox

| 1945 North Dakota Agricultural Bison football | |
| --- | --- |
| Conference | North Central Conference |
| Record | 1–4–1 ( NCC) |
| Head coach |  |
| Home stadium | Dacotah Field |
|


title: 1945 New Zealand census

abstract: The 1945 New Zealand census was held on 25 September. Total population figures for cities, boroughs and counties are included in the 1946 Year Book. It was published in ten volumes, giving information such as population movement, density, housing, jobs, distance from public transport, country of birth, race and religion. Total population, including forces still abroad, was 1,747,679, and was quite unevenly distributed, as shown in this table, which in the printed document is illustrated with maps of both main islands – Usually, a census is held in New Zealand every five years. However, due to World War II, the 1941 census was postponed through section 36 of the Finance Act, 1940, which authorised the census due in 1941 to be taken between 1942 and 1945 (inclusive). The last completed census had been held in 1936, i.e. nine years earlier. As Minister of Industries and Commerce, Dan Sullivan was in charge of the Census and Statistics Department and in 1943, he commented that there was little hope for the census to be taken while the war was still going. In early April 1945, it became known that the government had plans to hold the census later that year and on 11 April 1945, acting Prime Minister Walter Nash confirmed that it would take place during the coming September. One objective with the 1945 date was to be able to redefine electorate boundaries just prior to the 1946 general election. Bringing the census forward affected the census data. With World War II continuing until September 1945, with thousands of young men still overseas and the economy still geared to wartime conditions. There was lobbying from conservative circles, for example the Auckland Chamber of Commerce, the Otago-Southland Manufacturers' Association, and the New Zealand Farmers' Federation, for the census to be held in 1946 as originally scheduled. In an editorial, The New Zealand Herald also argued for adherence to the normal schedule, for example to make it easier for statisticians to provide timeline data. Census returns were released as they became known, on a city, borough, town district, or county basis. The first preliminary results were those issued for Havelock Town District, which appeared in newspapers on 3 October 1945. The results from the census were an input to the 1946 electoral redistribution. As the government had, in a surprise move, abolished the country quota through the Electoral Amendment Act, 1945, the redistribution changed the boundaries of every electorate prior to the 1946 general election.

text:
# 1945 New Zealand census

The **1945 New Zealand census** was held on 25 September. Total population figures for cities, boroughs and counties are included in the 1946 Year Book. It was published in ten volumes, giving information such as population movement, density, housing, jobs, distance from public transport, country of birth, race and religion. Total population, including forces still abroad, was 1,747,679, and was quite unevenly distributed, as shown in this table, which in the printed document is illustrated with maps of both main islands

| City / borough / county | km2 | Population per km2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Eden | 36 | 461.39 |
| Waimairi | 124 | 144.21 |
| Heathcote | 49 | 105.79 |
| Peninsula | 104 | 28.76 |
| Manukau | 622 | 21.04 |
| Halswell | 104 | 19.85 |
| Makara | 262 | 19.15 |
| Paparua | 352 | 18.88 |
| Waimate West | 215 | 13.09 |
| Waipa | 1,127 | 13.01 |
| Kairanga | 484 | 11.70 |
| Rangiora | 249 | 11.58 |
| Hawera | 495 | 11.35 |
| Taranaki | 593 | 11.24 |
| Franklin | 1,427 | 10.81 |
| Hutt | 1,165 | 9.88 |
| Piako | 1,150 | 9.50 |
| Manawatu | 686 | 9.11 |
| Waikato | 1,676 | 8.53 |
| Hauraki Plains | 603 | 7.95 |
| Springs | 236 | 7.95 |
| Oroua | 492 | 7.57 |
| Tauranga | 1,577 | 7.37 |
| Egmont | 619 | 7.18 |
| Newmarket | 1 | 6.33 |
| Inglewood | 484 | 6.29 |
| Levels | 681 | 6.25 |
| Eltham | 536 | 6.22 |
| St. Kilda | 2 | 6.14 |
| Malvern | 647 | 5.56 |
| Horowhenua | 1,409 | 5.52 |
| Mount Eden | 6 | 5.29 |
| Matamata | 2,409 | 5.06 |
| Ohinemuri | 614 | 4.98 |
| Otamatea | 1,090 | 4.86 |
| Pahiatua | 741 | 4.86 |
| Ellesmere | 596 | 4.67 |
| Waikouaiti | 808 | 4.67 |
| Raglan | 2,424 | 4.36 |
| Woodville | 404 | 4.36 |
| Stratford | 1,085 | 4.36 |
| Kowai | 407 | 4.29 |
| Rodney | 1,235 | 4.13 |
| Devonport | 4 | 4.09 |
| Riccarton | 3 | 4.05 |
| Whangaroa | 622 | 3.90 |
| Dannevirke | 1,111 | 3.90 |
| Mount Albert | 10 | 3.86 |
| Otorohanga | 1,554 | 3.78 |
| Eyre | 453 | 3.75 |
| Petone | 5 | 3.71 |
| Hawke's Bay | 4,333 | 3.40 |
| Cook | 2,049 | 3.36 |
| Waipukurau | 313 | 3.32 |
| Akaroa | 438 | 3.32 |
| Mangonui | 2,481 | 3.05 |
| Napier | 9 | 3.05 |
| Hobson | 1,932 | 2.97 |
| Geraldine | 1,790 | 2.93 |
| Wellington City | 66 | 2.93 |
| Waiapu | 2,054 | 2.90 |
| Waimea | 3,986 | 2.90 |
| Wanganui | 1,191 | 2.86 |
| Mt Herbert | 171 | 2.86 |
| Onehunga | 8 | 2.86 |
| Waitotara | 1,212 | 2.78 |
| Bruce | 1,347 | 2.78 |
| Rotoroа | 2,562 | 2.74 |
| Auckland City | 74 | 2.63 |
| Christchurch City | 67 | 2.63 |
| Timaru | 11 | 2.55 |
| Southland | 9,676 | 2.47 |
| Whakatane | 4,343 | 2.43 |
| Matakaoa | 764 | 2.43 |
| Wairarapa S. | 1,140 | 2.43 |
| Westport | 3 | 2.39 |
| Waipawa | 1,357 | 2.36 |
| Kiwitea | 930 | 2.36 |
| Kawhia | 855 | 2.32 |
| Waitomo | 2,945 | 2.28 |
| Uawa | 663 | 2.28 |
| Patea | 1,531 | 2.28 |
| Kaitieke | 1,424 | 2.28 |
| Eketahuna | 805 | 2.28 |
| Taieri | 2,339 | 2.28 |
| Clutha | 2,631 | 2.28 |
| Hamilton | 15 | 2.28 |
| Wairoa | 3,556 | 2.20 |
| Clifton | 1,150 | 2.16 |
| Hastings | 11 | 2.16 |
| Thames | 1,085 | 2.12 |
| Rangitikei | 4,338 | 2.08 |
| Hawera | 4 | 2.08 |
| Oamaru | 6 | 2.08 |
| Masterton | 1,518 | 2.05 |
| Wairewa | 440 | 2.05 |
| Otahuhu | 5 | 2.05 |
| Coromandel | 1,137 | 2.01 |
| Palmerston N City | 20 | 2.01 |
| Mauriceville | 298 | 1.97 |
| S. Invercargill | 9 | 1.97 |
| Takaka | 1,181 | 1.85 |
| One Tree Hill | 10 | 1.85 |
| Oxford | 824 | 1.81 |
| Tauranga | 4 | 1.81 |
| Milton | 1 | 1.81 |
| New Plymouth | 17 | 1.74 |
| Waimate | 3,582 | 1.70 |
| Gisborne | 14 | 1.70 |
| Port Chalmers | 2 | 1.66 |
| Dunedin City | 62 | 1.66 |
| Ellerslie | 3 | 1.62 |
| Wanganui City | 23 | 1.62 |
| Ohura | 1,077 | 1.58 |
| Marlborough | 4,973 | 1.58 |
| Ashburton | 6,369 | 1.58 |
| Lower Hutt City | 31 | 1.58 |
| Hokitika | 3 | 1.58 |
| Ashburton | 8 | 1.58 |
| Featherston | 2,466 | 1.54 |
| Invercargill City | 24 | 1.54 |
| Patangata | 1,704 | 1.47 |
| Cheviot | 847 | 1.47 |
| Waitaki | 6,195 | 1.47 |
| Kaikoura | 2,406 | 1.43 |
| Takapuna | 11 | 1.43 |
| Taumarunul | 2,274 | 1.35 |
| Waimarino | 2,287 | 1.35 |
| Blenheim | 7 | 1.35 |
| Inangahua | 2,458 | 1.31 |
| Opotiki | 3,647 | 1.27 |
| Dannevirke | 5 | 1.27 |
| Greymouth | 10 | 1.27 |
| Waimate | 3 | 1.27 |
| Masterton | 12 | 1.24 |
| Queenstown | 1 | 1.24 |
| Akitio | 831 | 1.20 |
| New Lynn | 6 | 1.20 |
| Green Island | 4 | 1.20 |
| Waikohu | 2,732 | 1.16 |
| Grey | 4,090 | 1.16 |
| Waihemo | 875 | 1.16 |
| Otorohanga | 1 | 1.16 |
| Tuapeka | 3,595 | 1.12 |
| Papatoetoe | 5 | 1.12 |
| Johnsonville | 3 | 1.12 |
| Whangarei | 14 | 1.08 |
| Weber | 306 | 1.04 |
| Rangiora | 4 | 1.04 |
| Castlepoint | 526 | 1.00 |
| Te Awamutu | 5 | 1.00 |
| Nelson City | 20 | 1.00 |
| Temuka | 3 | 1.00 |
| Balclutha | 3 | 1.00 |
| Gore | 8 | 1.00 |
| Buller | 5,050 | 0.97 |
| Waipara | 2,427 | 0.97 |
| Feilding | 8 | 0.97 |
| Upper Hutt | 9 | 0.97 |
| Levin | 5 | 0.93 |
| Pahiatua | 3 | 0.93 |
| Mosgiel | 4 | 0.93 |
| Wallace | 9,653 | 0.89 |
| Rotorua | 13 | 0.89 |
| Northcote | 5 | 0.85 |
| Morrinsville | 4 | 0.85 |
| Foxton | 3 | 0.85 |
| Tapanui | 1 | 0.85 |
| Tahunanui | 2 | 0.85 |
| Huntly | 6 | 0.81 |
| Marton | 6 | 0.81 |
| Akaroa | 1 | 0.81 |
| Nightcaps | 1 | 0.81 |
| Kawakawa (Bay of Islands) | 1 | 0.81 |
| Ashley | 800 | 0.77 |
| Maniototo | 3,471 | 0.77 |
| Cambridge | 5 | 0.77 |
| Opotiki | 3 | 0.77 |
| Waipukurau | 4 | 0.77 |
| Kaiapoi | 4 | 0.77 |
| Winton | 2 | 0.77 |
| Whangamomona | 1,158 | 0.73 |
| Sounds | 1,308 | 0.73 |
| Stratford | 8 | 0.73 |
| Matamata | 4 | 0.69 |
| Whakatane | 6 | 0.69 |
| Wairoa | 6 | 0.69 |
| Inglewood | 3 | 0.69 |
| Great Barrier Is | 285 | 0.66 |
| Collingwood | 1,456 | 0.66 |
| Eastbourne | 6 | 0.66 |
| Havelock North | 3 | 0.66 |
| Te Kuiti | 7 | 0.62 |
| Paeroa | 6 | 0.62 |
| Geraldine | 2 | 0.62 |
| Waverley | 2 | 0.62 |
| Leeston | 2 | 0.62 |
| Selwyn | 2,471 | 0.58 |
| Thames | 11 | 0.58 |
| Otaki | 6 | 0.58 |
| Carterton | 5 | 0.58 |
| Picton | 4 | 0.58 |
| Runanga | 5 | 0.58 |
| Awatere | 2,639 | 0.54 |
| Chatham Is | 963 | 0.54 |
| Ngaruawahia | 5 | 0.54 |
| Taumarunui | 8 | 0.54 |
| Waitara | 6 | 0.54 |
| Opunake | 3 | 0.54 |
| Naseby | 0 | 0.54 |
| Rawene (Hokianga) | 1 | 0.54 |
| Waitemata | 1,572 | 0.52 |
| Taupo | 8,474 | 0.50 |
| Vincent | 7,568 | 0.50 |
| Featherston | 3 | 0.50 |
| Lyttelton | 10 | 0.50 |
| Alexandra | 3 | 0.50 |
| Mackenzie | 7,094 | 0.46 |
| Birkenhead | 12 | 0.46 |
| Eltham | 6 | 0.46 |
| Mataura | 5 | 0.46 |
| Riverton | 3 | 0.46 |
| Henderson | 5 | 0.46 |
| Glen Eden | 5 | 0.46 |
| Howick | 4 | 0.46 |
| Taradale | 6 | 0.46 |
| Manaia | 2 | 0.46 |
| Normanby (Hawera) | 1 | 0.46 |
| Havelock (Marlborough | 1 | 0.46 |
| Papakura | 8 | 0.42 |
| Mt Maunganui | 4 | 0.42 |
| Te Puke | 4 | 0.42 |
| Raetihi | 4 | 0.42 |
| Taihape | 8 | 0.42 |
| Shannon | 3 | 0.42 |
| Kaitangata | 5 | 0.42 |
| Hikurangi | 4 | 0.42 |
| Putaruru | 4 | 0.42 |
| Amuri | 5,843 | 0.39 |
| Westland | 11,422 | 0.39 |
| Pukekohe | 14 | 0.39 |
| Woodville | 4 | 0.39 |
| Patea | 6 | 0.39 |
| West Harbour | 8 | 0.39 |
| Roxburgh | 2 | 0.39 |
| Bluff | 9 | 0.39 |
| Pohangina | 671 | 0.35 |
| Murchison | 3,657 | 0.35 |
| Kaitaia | 5 | 0.35 |
| Manurewa | 8 | 0.35 |
| Waihi | 17 | 0.35 |
| Te Aroha | 11 | 0.35 |
| Lawrence | 2 | 0.35 |
| Cromwell | 3 | 0.35 |
| Bull's | 3 | 0.35 |
| Takaka (Takaka) | 2 | 0.35 |
| Dargaville | 11 | 0.31 |
| Martinborough | 4 | 0.31 |
| Motueka | 10 | 0.31 |
| Palmerston | 4 | 0.31 |
| Kaikohe | 5 | 0.31 |
| Helensville | 5 | 0.31 |
| Wyndham | 3 | 0.31 |
| Kihikihi (Waipa) | 2 | 0.31 |
| Tawera | 2,437 | 0.27 |
| Waipawa | 7 | 0.27 |
| Ohakune | 8 | 0.27 |
| Eketahuna | 4 | 0.27 |
| Kamo | 3 | 0.27 |
| Waiuku | 5 | 0.27 |
| Tuakau | 5 | 0.27 |
| Hunterville | 3 | 0.27 |
| Pleasant Point | 3 | 0.27 |
| Kaponga (Eltham) | 2 | 0.27 |
| Southbridge (Ellesmere) | 2 | 0.27 |
| Edendale (Southland) | 3 | 0.27 |
| Greytown | 8 | 0.23 |
| Manunui | 5 | 0.23 |
| Ohura | 3 | 0.23 |
| Otautau | 4 | 0.23 |
| Kawhia (Kawhia) | 2 | 0.23 |
| Hokianga | 1,588 | 0.19 |
| Bay of Islands | 2,134 | 0.19 |
| Stewart Is | 1,735 | 0.19 |
| Richmond | 11 | 0.19 |
| Kumara | 3 | 0.19 |
| Leamington | 5 | 0.19 |
| Onerahi (Whangarei) | 4 | 0.19 |
| Te Karaka (Waikohu) | 3 | 0.19 |
| Whangarei | 2,704 | 0.18 |
| Lake | 10,028 | 0.15 |
| Hampden | 3 | 0.15 |
| Arrowtown | 2 | 0.15 |
| Warkworth | 6 | 0.15 |
| Tinwald | 6 | 0.15 |
| Lumsden | 5 | 0.15 |
| Russell (Bay of Islands) | 4 | 0.15 |
| Outram (Taieri) | 4 | 0.15 |
| Clinton (Clutha) | 4 | 0.15 |
| Waikouaiti | 8 | 0.12 |
| Mangaweka | 4 | 0.12 |
| Mercer (Franklin) | 4 | 0.12 |
| Te Kauwhata (Waikato | 5 | 0.12 |
| Brunner | 23 | 0.08 |
| Kohukohu (Hokianga) | 4 | 0.08 |
| Ohaupo (Waipa) | 5 | 0.08 |
| Patutahi (Cook) | 5 | 0.08 |
| Ross | 15 | 0.04 |
| Fiord | 7,861 | 0.00 |

Usually, a census is held in New Zealand every five years. However, due to World War II, the 1941 census was postponed through section 36 of the *Finance Act, 1940*, which authorised the census due in 1941 to be taken between 1942 and 1945 (inclusive). The last completed census had been held in 1936, i.e. nine years earlier.

As Minister of Industries and Commerce, Dan Sullivan was in charge of the Census and Statistics Department and in 1943, he commented that there was little hope for the census to be taken while the war was still going. In early April 1945, it became known that the government had plans to hold the census later that year and on 11 April 1945, acting Prime Minister Walter Nash confirmed that it would take place during the coming September. One objective with the 1945 date was to be able to redefine electorate boundaries just prior to the 1946 general election. Bringing the census forward affected the census data. With World War II continuing until September 1945, with thousands of young men still overseas and the economy still geared to wartime conditions. There was lobbying from conservative circles, for example the Auckland Chamber of Commerce, the Otago-Southland Manufacturers' Association, and the New Zealand Farmers' Federation, for the census to be held in 1946 as originally scheduled. In an editorial, *The New Zealand Herald* also argued for adherence to the normal schedule, for example to make it easier for statisticians to provide timeline data (since 1881, the census had been held every five years).

Census returns were released as they became known, on a city, borough, town district, or county basis. The first preliminary results were those issued for Havelock Town District, which appeared in newspapers on 3 October 1945. The results from the census were an input to the 1946 electoral redistribution. As the government had, in a surprise move, abolished the country quota through the *Electoral Amendment Act, 1945*, the redistribution changed the boundaries of every electorate prior to the 1946 general election.

* McRobie, Alan (1989). *Electoral Atlas of New Zealand*. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.


title: Andrea Pasqualino Marini

abstract: Andrea Pasqualino Marini was an Italian painter active in the Marche region in a late-Baroque style.

text:
# Andrea Pasqualino Marini

**Andrea Pasqualino Marini** (c. 1660 - after 1712) was an Italian painter active in the Marche region in a late-Baroque style.

## Biography

He was born in Recanati, in the province of Macerata. He appears to have trained in Rome, either under Carlo Maratta or one of his pupils. In Rome, he also helped decorate Sant'Andrea delle Fratte with frescoes. Later in life, he returned to Recanati. In 1697 he painted a processional standard for the Confraternity of the Crucifix in Foligno. He painted an altarpiece depicting *San Carlo Borromeo* for the church of San Filippo Neri, Recanati. He painted a *Mystical Marriage of St Catherine* for the church of Santa Maria di Castelnuovo in Recanati.


title: Eduardo Rosales

abstract: Eduardo Rosales Gallinas was a Spanish painter. He was an adherent of the Italian-based art movement known as "Purismo" and specialized in historical scenes.

text:
# Eduardo Rosales

**Eduardo Rosales Gallinas** (4 November 1836 – 13 September 1873) was a Spanish painter. He was an adherent of the Italian-based art movement known as "Purismo" and specialized in historical scenes.

## Biography

He was born in Madrid. The second son of a minor official, he began his education in a private school operated by the Escolapios. He was orphaned as a teenager and enrolled in the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando, where he studied under Federico de Madrazo in 1851.

Rosales accompanied some friends to Rome in 1857, without a fellowship or other financial support, until he received a special stipend from the government to continue his studies in 1861. He joined a group of Spanish painters who gathered in the Antico Caffè Greco, which included José Casado del Alisal, Dióscoro Puebla and Marià Fortuny. There he began to associate with followers of the Nazarene movement, but soon abandoned his interest in them and produced his first important work "Tobías y el angel".

However, he continued to be interested in developing a more realistic style, which was achieved in his best known work "Doña Isabel la Católica dictando su testamento". He took it to the International Exposition (1867) in Paris and later returned to Rome, where he sent a telegram to his friends Martín Rico and Raimundo de Madrazo telling them that the painting had been an outstanding success, taking the First Gold Medal for work by a foreigner. He was also named a Chevalier in the Legion d'Honneur.

### Final years

He married his cousin Maximina in 1868. They had two children, one of whom, Eloisa, died in infancy and was memorialized in his painting "Primeros pasos" (First Steps). Rosales was in poor health himself, having had tuberculosis for many years, and made frequent visits to Panticosa in the Pyrenees, where the water was famous for its curative properties. In 1869, he left Rome for good and opened a studio in Madrid. The harsh criticism he received for his work "La Muerte de Lucrecia" (1871) left him discouraged and he never painted another large-scale canvas.

The following year, hoping to find a climate that would more amenable to his health, he moved to Murcia. Upon the declaration of the First Spanish Republic, he was offered positions at the Museo del Prado, which he rejected, and at the new Spanish Academy in Rome, which he accepted but never filled, due to his worsening condition. He died shortly thereafter, in Madrid.

In 1922, Madrid honored him with a memorial statue, sculpted by Mateo Inurria and placed on a street named after him, the *Paseo del Pintor Rosales*.

## Other selected paintings

## Further reading

* Juan Chacón Enríquez, *Eduardo Rosales*, Madrid, Blass, 1926.
* Bernardino de Pantorba, *Eduardo Rosales, ensayo biográfico y crítico*, Madrid, Chulilla y Angel, 1937.
* Juan Antonio López Delgado, *Un tiempo juvenil del pintor Rosales: 1856–1857*, Murcia, 2003, ISBN 84-607-6784-1.
* Juan Antonio López Delgado, *Eduardo Rosales en Murcia*, Murcia, 1999, ISBN 84-88131-11-9.
* José Luis Díez y otros,  *Eduardo Rosales. Dibujos. Catálogo razonado*, Santander, Fundación Marcelino Botín, 2007, ISBN 978-84-96655-07-2.

## InfoBox

| Eduardo Rosales | |
| --- | --- |
| Eduardo Rosales, portrait by Federico de Madrazo, 1867 | |
| Born | Eduardo Rosales Gallinas
4 November 1836
Madrid, Spain |
| Died | 13 September 1873
Madrid, Spain |
| Nationality | Spanish |
| Education | Escolapios Private School, Madrid; Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando |
| Known for | Painter |
| Movement | Orientalist; Purismo |


title: Eduardo Rubiño

abstract: Eduardo Fernández Rubiño is a Spanish activist, politician, member of the Assembly of Madrid and former member of the Senate of Spain.

text:
# Eduardo Rubiño

**Eduardo Fernández Rubiño** (born 13 September 1991) is a Spanish activist, politician, member of the Assembly of Madrid and former member of the Senate of Spain.

## Early life

Rubiño was born on 13 September 1991 in Madrid. He is the son of philosopher and academic Carlos Fernández Liria. He has a degree in philosophy from the Complutense University of Madrid (UCM). He was a member of the Central Delegation of Students (Delegación Central de Estudiantes) at UCM. He was an LGBT student and Youthless Future (Juventud Sin Futuro) activist. He was one of the leaders of the 15-M anti-austerity movement at UCM.

## Career

Rubiño worked as a community manager. He was responsible for social networking for Podemos from 2014 to 2017. He was an online communication advisor to MEP Pablo Iglesias Turrión. He contributed to Iglesias' 2014 book *Ganar o Morir: Lecciones Políticas en Juego de Tronos*.

Rubiño contested the 2015 regional election as a Podemos candidate in the Community of Madrid and was elected to the Assembly of Madrid. Following the schism between Iglesias and Íñigo Errejón, Rubiño joined Errejón's Más Madrid. He was re-elected at the 2019 regional election and the 2021 Madrilenian regional election.

In July 2019 Rubiño was appointed to the Senate of Spain by the Assembly of Madrid. He left this position in July 2021.

## Personal life

Rubiño is openly gay. In June 2018 he was subject to homophobic abuse at Lavapiés Metro station when, whilst hugging his boyfriend, someone shouted "fucking fag" (maricón de mierda).

## Electoral history

Electoral history of Eduardo Rubiño
| Election | Constituency | Party | | No. | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2015 regional | Community of Madrid |  | Podemos | 27 | **Elected** |
| 2019 regional | Community of Madrid |  | Más Madrid | 13 | **Elected** |
| 2021 regional | Community of Madrid |  | Más Madrid | 14 | **Elected** |

## InfoBox

| Eduardo Rubiño | |
| --- | --- |
| Rubiño in 2023 | |
|  | |
| City councillor of Madrid | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
17 June 2023 | |
| Member of the Senate of Spain | |
| **In office**
11 July 2019  12 July 2021 | |
| Succeeded by | Pablo Gómez Perpinyá |
| Constituency | Madrid |
| Member of the Assembly of Madrid | |
| **In office**
9 June 2015  13 June 2023 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Eduardo Fernández Rubiño
(1991-09-13) September 13, 1991
Madrid, Spain |
| Political party | Más Madrid |
| Alma mater | Complutense University of Madrid |
| Signature |  |
|  | |