india beginning iron age kingdoms india kuru panchala kosala videha iron age indian subcontinent nbsp bce th century bce defined rise janapadas realms republics kingdoms notably iron age kingdoms kuru panchala kosala videha ref name lanman ref ref name potter ref kuru kingdom first state level society vedic period corresponding beginning iron age northwestern india around nbsp bce well composition atharvaveda first indian text mention iron literally black metal ref name witzel ref
Humanities History Asian history Indian history