far back reliable recorded evidence exists behistun inscription c bc detailing rise darius persian throne viewed historians early example propaganda another striking example propaganda ancient history last roman civil wars bc octavian mark antony blamed obscure degrading origins cruelty cowardice oratorical literary incompetence debaucheries luxury drunkenness slanders defamation took form ''uituperatio'' roman rhetorical genre invective decisive shaping roman public opinion
Applied science Journalism, media studies and communication Communication studies Propaganda