schacht mid th century schacht scholars argued conquered much populous agricultural urban societies already existing laws legal needs initial muslim efforts formulate legal norms ref regarded quran muhammad 's hadiths one source law ref another example early major works fiqh muwatta imam malik edited shaibani contains ahadith muhammad companions successors others ref name schacht oomj ref contrast later works al bukhari muslim etc contain ahadith muhammad jurist personal opinions legal practice conquered peoples
Humanities Law Islamic law