organisms include gut bacterium ''escherichia coli'' plant ''arabidopsis thaliana'' baker 's yeast ''saccharomyces cerevisiae'' nematode ''caenorhabditis elegans'' common fruit fly ''drosophila melanogaster'' common house mouse ''mus musculus'' medicine schematic relationship biochemistry genetics molecular biology medical genetics seeks understand genetic variation relates human health disease searching unknown gene may involved disease researchers commonly use genetic linkage genetic pedigree charts find location genome associated disease population level researchers take advantage mendelian randomization look
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