art form began ricciotto canudo 's ''the birth sixth art'' formalist film theory led rudolf arnheim b la bal zs siegfried kracauer emphasized film differed reality thus could considered valid fine art andr bazin reacted theory arguing film 's artistic essence lay ability mechanically reproduce reality differences reality gave rise realist theory recent analysis spurred jacques lacan 's psychoanalysis ferdinand de saussure 's semiotics among things given rise psychoanalytic film theory structuralist film
Humanities Performing arts Film