replication errors corrected proofreading induced environmental mutagen chemical eg nitrous acid benzopyrene radiation eg x ray gamma ray ultraviolet radiation particles emitted unstable isotopes ref name hillisetal mutations appear change single base larger scale involving chromosomal mutations deletions inversions translocations ref name hillisetal multicellular organisms mutations occur somatic germline cells ref name hillisetal somatic cells mutations passed daughter cells mitosis ref name hillisetal germline cell sperm egg
Natural science Biology