especially high density memory modern computers generally use binary logic many early machines decimal computers machines basic unit data decimal digit encoded one several schemes including binary coded decimal bcd bi quinary excess two five code mathematical basis digital computing boolean algebra developed british mathematician george boole work ''the laws thought'' published boolean algebra refined william jevons charles sanders peirce first presented systematically ernst schr der n whitehead ref name dunnhardegree ref
Formal science Computer science Social sciences History of computer hardware