perceptible unintelligible associated flux heraclitus studied likes science reality imperceptible intelligible associated unchanging parmenides studied likes mathematics geometry main motivation plato also shows influence pythagoras forms typically described dialogues ''phaedo'' ''symposium'' ''republic'' perfect archetypes objects everyday world imperfect copies aristotle 's third man argument famous criticism antiquity ''republic'' highest form identified
Humanities Philosophy Philosophical traditions and schools Platonism