joints completely shattered revealing '''inadequate confinement steel''' resulted second story collapse transverse direction composite end shear walls consisting two wythes brick layer shotcrete carried lateral load peeled apart '''inadequate ties''' failed improper construction site foothill poor detailing reinforcement lack concrete confinement columns beam column joints inadequate splice length seismically weak soft story first floor long cantilevers heavy dead load whittier '''sliding foundations effect''' relatively rigid residential building structure
Applied science Engineering and technology Civil Engineering Earthquake engineering