Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) are widely used to treat HIV-1-infected individuals; indeed most first-line antiretroviral therapies typically include one NNRTI in combination with two nucleoside analogs. In 2008, the next-generation NNRTI etravirine was approved for the treatment of HIV-infected antiretroviral therapy-experienced individuals, including those with prior NNRTI exposure. NNRTIs are also increasingly being included in strategies to prevent HIV-1 infection. For example: (1) nevirapine is used to prevent mother-to-child transmission; (2) the ASPIRE (MTN 020) study will test whether a vaginal ring containing dapivirine can prevent HIV-1 infection in women; (3) a microbicide gel formulation containing the urea-PETT derivative MIV-150 is in a phase I study to evaluate safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and acceptability; and (4) a long acting rilpivirine formulation is under-development for pre-exposure prophylaxis. Given their widespread use, particularly in resource-limited settings, as well as their low genetic barriers to resistance, there are concerns about overlapping resistance between the different NNRTIs. Consequently, a better understanding of the resistance and cross-resistance profiles among the NNRTI class is important for predicting response to treatment, and surveillance of transmitted drug-resistance.
Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors ( NNRTIs ) are widely used to treat HIV-1-infected individuals ; indeed most first - line antiretroviral therapies typically include one NNRTI in combination with two nucleoside analogs . In 2008 , the next - generation NNRTI etravirine was approved for the treatment of HIV - infected antiretroviral therapy - experienced individuals , including those with prior NNRTI exposure . NNRTIs are also increasingly being included in strategies to prevent HIV-1 infection . For example : ( 1 ) nevirapine is used to prevent mother - to - child transmission ; ( 2 ) the ASPIRE ( MTN 020 ) study will test whether a vaginal ring containing dapivirine can prevent HIV-1 infection in women ; ( 3 ) a microbicide gel formulation containing the urea - PETT derivative MIV-150 is in a phase I study to evaluate safety , pharmacokinetics , pharmacodynamics and acceptability ; and ( 4 ) a long acting rilpivirine formulation is under - development for pre - exposure prophylaxis . Given their widespread use , particularly in resource - limited settings , as well as their low genetic barriers to resistance , there are concerns about overlapping resistance between the different NNRTIs . Consequently , a better understanding of the resistance and cross - resistance profiles among the NNRTI class is important for predicting response to treatment , and surveillance of transmitted drug - resistance .
Which infection can be prevented with Dapivirine?
Which infection can be prevented with Dapivirine ?
HIV
HIV