Now, the concept of a being that has free will is the concept of a causa noumenon; and one is already assured that this concept does not contradict itself, because the concept of a cause, as having arisen entirely from pure understanding, as also through the deduction assured at the same time of its objective reality with regard to objects as such, while yet in its origin independent of all sensible conditions and therefore not by itself restricted to phenomena (unless one wanted to make a theoretical determinate use of it), indeed be applied to things as pure beings of the understanding.