The first thing to notice about what is believed, ie about the content of a belief, is that it is always complex: We believe that a certain thing has a certain property, or a certain relation to something else, or that it occurred or will occur (in the sense discussed at the end of Lecture ); or we may believe that all the members of a certain class have a certain property, or that a certain property sometimes occurs among the members of a class; or we may believe that if one thing happens, another will happen (for example, if it rains I shall bring my umbrella, or we may believe that something does not happen, or did not or will not happen (for example, it won't rain ); or that one of two things must happen (for example, either you withdraw your accusation, or I shall bring a libel action.