So as to avoid misunderstanding, let me emphasize that I am of course not asserting that Russell's notion of scope solves Quine's problem of 'essentialism'; what it does show, especially in conjunction with modern model theoretic approaches to modal logic, is that quantified modal logic need not deny the truth of all instances of (x)(y)(x Fx Fy), nor of all instances of '(x) (Gx Ga)'