It is important to clarify that the residency test does not apply to New Zealand tax residents working overseas. This includes staff from the likes of Zespri, Fonterra, foreign affairs and diplomatic staff, the Defence Force personnel, missionaries from New Zealand - based churches, and maritime crew paying tax in New Zealand, who are also not captured by this change. It is also worth noting that the requirement to be a resident for five years after the age of 50 is unchanged by this bill. I stand by the immediate implementation of this bill with a welfare backstop for those who are unable to support themselves at age 65 and who have not reached the 20 years' residency requirement. A phased implementation would be more complicated to enact and not get to the desired endpoint quickly enough.