Hon CHRIS HIPKINS (Minister of Education): If I just work backwards through the questions that the members have raised so far to date, the member Paul Goldsmith asked some questions around Te Tiriti—what it means in an educational context. One of the things it does mean in an educational context is recognising the way we've done things in the past has been wrong: that Māori learners have not just been underserved by our education system; they have been actively discriminated against. It was not that long ago in New Zealand's history when Māori students were subject to corporal punishment in schools for speaking te reo Māori, and that is the legacy that we all inherit and that we should all be ashamed of and we all have a responsibility to do something about. I have absolutely no qualms in standing up here and acknowledging those things that have happened and saying that they were wrong, saying that they have left a shameful legacy for New Zealand that has resulted in generations of Māori not having access to the same educational opportunities as other students and we should do something about that.