The ministry has a green paper. Hīkina te Kohupara was developed and consulted on—this green paper—and this discussion document sets out potential ways of reducing emissions across the transport system. It also outlines the policies that will support this. It uses the avoid, shift, improve framework—or the A-S-I framework—to identify these opportunities. Of course, "avoid" means to improve the overall efficiency of the transport system through interventions to reduce both the need to travel and trip lengths; to "shift" is to improve the efficiency of trips by promoting mode shift to low-carbon modes such as walking, cycling, public transport, coastal shipping, and rail freight; and, finally, to "improve" is to lower the emissions of transport, vehicles, and fuels. We asked the ministry whether reducing fares for public transport or making it free would encourage people to use it, and they agreed that it would be one of the ways to increase use. 