Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, Ngāti Rangitihi faced poor housing conditions and lower levels of education and employment than Pākehā. They recall being punished for speaking te reo Māori in schools. Those conditions, along with the alienation of their customary lands, had a devastating impact on Ngāti Rangitihi's social and economic development, and cultural hauora. In a spirit aimed at genuine hope for reconciliation in this bill, the Crown acknowledges its failure to protect the tribal structures of Ngāti Rangitihi, its failure to act in good faith when leasing and purchasing Ngāti Rangitihi land blocks, its failure to protect Ngāti Rangitihi from becoming virtually landless, its failure to protect the Tarawera River from pollution, its failure to actively protect te reo Māori and encourage its use among Ngāti Rangitihi, and its failure to protect Ngāti Rangitihi from excessive surveyor costs, and by failing to act in good faith, by taking excessive land at Te Ariki for public work purposes.