The disputes tribunal and the tenancy tribunal hear cases that would otherwise come before the District Court. They have had significant increases in their monetary threshold and the legal complexity of their cases over the past couple of years. This warrants a greater degree of independence from the executive. Disputes tribunal referees hear property disputes of up to $30,000. The disputes tribunal is a division of the District Court and hears most of the substantive cases in this court's civil jurisdiction. Tenancy tribunal adjudicators hear disputes between landlords, including Kāinga Ora, and tenants of residential properties of up to $100,000, and disputes relating to unit title developments, such as apartment buildings, of up to $50,000. The tribunal enforces the healthy homes standards and can impose pecuniary penalties of up to $50,000 on noncompliant landlords.