LOUISA WALL: It is torture—absolutely. The majority of clinicians said being gay was a disease so we could experience electroconvulsive therapy, lobotomies, shock treatment, porn and brothels, and, latterly, it became aversion therapy, where homosexual men had to watch porn and the shock therapy was through their penises—because, obviously, if you were disgusted by homosexuality, then you would be cured and you would lead a normal life. In 1973, this all changed when the American Psychiatric Association deemed that conversion practices were harmful and that there was no scientific evidence that they worked.