As Netsafe says, the law needs to keep abreast of technology. So the effect of Louisa Wall's member's bill is to provide a legal restriction on posting intimate images without consent that does not need to prove an intent to cause harm, and in doing so, the bill recognises that the non-consensual publication of an intimate visual image is harmful in and of itself. So harm is implicit in the action, or the actus reus, as Ginny Andersen has referred to.