Prior to coming into Parliament, I spent much of my career in the education sector. I was a primary school teacher. I was a literacy educator with at-risk youth. I worked with Māori and Pacific students at the University of Auckland.  I've seen what works and what doesn't, and what doesn't are punitive approaches to people already experiencing complex challenges. There's evidence in that, even when we look at the welfare systems in the UK and the USA. In fact, punitive approaches can actually be counterproductive and, in fact, stop people from being able to get into work.