The AA supports the provision in the bill requiring either two positive oral fluid tests or a positive blood test to trigger enforcement penalties. They also support the two-tier approach for infringements for likely lower-level impairment and criminal offences for likely higher-level impairment. They said we need to be sending a much stronger message to drivers that if they are drug impaired, they risk being tested and caught. According to a University of Waikato study, 60 percent of drivers thought they were likely to be caught for drunk driving, where only 26 percent thought the same for drug driving. So 60 percent of drivers thought there was a high chance of being caught for drunk-driving, which actually is a very good deterrent in itself, whereas only 26 percent of people thought that they'd be picked up or caught for drug-driving. A Waka Kotahi review on drug-impaired driving noted that effective deterrence requires highly visible general deterrence components.