From the international study that I quoted earlier, perpetrators' motivations for this type of abuse are that they do it for fun, they do it to be sexy, they do it to impress friends. They do it to maintain relationships, for attention, for revenge, to embarrass their partner, to control their partner, for financial gain, and to obtain further images. In all instances, no, there is no understanding or thought to the harmful impacts upon the victim and there's no recognition that image-based sexual abuse is harmful.