There are a number of important tools that are available to the Reserve Bank to do this. The first is understanding climate-related risk. There are two types of climate-related risk. The first is one which we're all familiar with: that of extreme weather and its increasing severity and frequency, and it's pretty clear what those risks are. Of course, earlier this year we saw the consequences of climate change exacerbating the bushfires in Australia. But the second and less talked about is transition risk. By this, we mean the risk that occurs when organisations fail to change the way that they do things so that we can move from where we are today to where we need to be to tackle the climate crises. Some people call this the "just transition". In other words, it is the risk that occurs if companies do not change their business models to shift their operations to align with the sorts of change that needs to occur to bring our emissions down, and, in fact, will occur regardless of whether we engage with it. 