What mathematics should I learn to become game programer 2D and 3D. From the very basic for beginner until advance
Simple enough question: What math should all game programmers have a firm grasp of in order to be successful?  I'm not specifically talking about rendering math or anything in the niche areas of game programming, more specifically just things that even game programmers should know about, and if they don't they'll probably find it useful.  Note: as there is no one correct answer, this question (and its answers) is a community wiki.  Also, if you would like fancy latex math equations, feel free to use .
How to avoid spammy links affecting us before SERP rankings going down We have recently discovered a host of spammy links pointing to our website been put up in last 1 month through webmaster tool We have not engaged any seo agency/link building and have never created these links  Worst, these are spammy forum sites and almost some-one seems making an attack to our site as the link and keyword is same in all these sites Till not Have not received any warning, however as it has come to our notice - before any SERP getting down - we want to action this out  One thing we have observed is that - All these spammy links points to a single inner page of website  Pl suggest as have   a) Will Google disvow tool will work by stating to disvow these links  or  b) Is it a good way if we make this specific page 'nofollow' and even 'noindex' The reasoning behind this is like if the page is not followed and not indexed - the negative links pointing to the page of the site is already no follow and may be out from google serp  or what's the best alternate way to tackle this. Pl suggest in urgent help and advise required Why does Microsoft Word 2010 show an error for the following sentence?     1.&nbsp;Where should this car be parked?   Word 2010 also suggests changing the sentence to     2.&nbsp;Where this car should be parked?   Is the sentence (1) wrong? If yes, why? What about sentence (2)? This is my first time through playing Elder Scrolls and initially I grabbed every quest that has come available...  At first I thought I wanted to be part of the Imperial Legion but I feel like I picked the wrong side and am now regretting my choice.  So...is there any way to un-join the Legion and join up with the Stormcloaks, or will I have to wait and join them next time? How to read command line arguments of another process in C#? How can I upload files asynchronously with jQuery? I would like to upload a file asynchronously with jQuery.     $(document).ready(function () {     $("#uploadbutton").click(function () {         var filename = $("#file").val();          $.ajax({             type: "POST",             url: "addFile.do",             enctype: 'multipart/form-data',             data: {                 file: filename             },             success: function () {                 alert("Data Uploaded: ");             }         });     }); }); &lt;script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.2.0/jquery.min.js"&gt;&lt;/script&gt; &lt;span&gt;File&lt;/span&gt; &lt;input type="file" id="file" name="file" size="10"/&gt; &lt;input id="uploadbutton" type="button" value="Upload"/&gt;     Instead of the file being uploaded, I am only getting the filename. What can I do to fix this problem? I'm looking for a class in java that has key-value association, but without using hashes.  Here is what I'm currently doing:   Add values to a Hashtable. Get an iterator for the Hashtable.entrySet(). Iterate through all values and:   Get a Map.Entry for the iterator. Create an object of type Module (a custom class) based on the value. Add the class to a JPanel.  Show the panel.   The problem with this is that I do not have control over the order that I get the values back, so I cannot display the values in the a given order (without hard-coding the order).  I would use an ArrayList or Vector for this, but later in the code I need to grab the Module object for a given Key, which I can't do with an ArrayList or Vector.  Does anyone know of a free/open-source Java class that will do this, or a way to get values out of a Hashtable based on when they were added?  Thanks! What are the rules and limits of Accio spell? We know that Accio spell (aka ) has some limits:   It can be blocked (e.g. Harry couldn't Accio the Diadem in RoR in Deathly Hallows). Many more failures are listed on Wikia.   But what are the exact full rules and limitations governing the spell in Harry Potter world?   Distance?  Line-of-sight?  Knowing exact or approximate location?  Specificity of item (e.g. "Accio Broom" seemed to work for Weasleys in OotP to bring their locked-up brooms - why not just a random broom?) Types of Accio-able stuff? Can you Accio water? Lump of earth? Gases/liquids/etc...? Can you Accio based on jQuery selector (or an SQL where clause), for lack of a better description? E.g. "Accio the book that has the word 'Flammel'"? "Accio biggest green ball from this room"? Can you Accio ALL items of a kind? (the reason I thought of this whole question was seeing "Accio all guns" comment in ). Can you Accio vague stuff? ("Accio meal"). Other rules that can be inferred.   NOTE: While Wikia article has some of the info, it is clearly very lacking in details on specific rules based on specific instances in canon. I'm looking for a fully comprehensive, organized ruleset for the charm, not merely 1-2 tidbits in Wikia article. Very difficult integral (for me) Could someone point me to an online resource where I can look up  $$ \int_{-\infty}^\infty \int_{-\infty}^\infty \int_{-\infty}^\infty \frac{\cos(\vec k\cdot\vec x)}{\sqrt{|\vec k|^2+m^2}}\,dk_1\,dk_2\,dk_3$$  where $\vec k$ and $\vec x$ are 3-vectors, and $m$ is a constant.  Also, if you know how to do it step by step and want to show off your fancy integration, that would also be very helpful.  Thanks ;) Merge two custom post types into one admin page? I am building a site with 4 custom post types. To make things easier for our client/admin, I'm wondering if there is a way to merge those custom post types into one list in the backend? Like if you look at normal backend admin page with the list and columns of posts, can a page like that pull in 3 other post types for easy sorting/searching?  I can't combine the CPTs into one, they must remain seperate outside of one 'viewing' page in the admin area if possible.  Any thoughts on how to do this?? Or even where to start looking/thinkging of how to develop this? Root drive is running out of disk space. How can I free up space? I'm using Ubuntu 11.04 and I want to free up some space in my root directory, which is overloaded. I especially want to change the path used for installing applications (they are getting installed directly to the root drive).  Another consideration is that I'm working on a MySQL database server. The server is installed in the root directory itself, so I don't want to  risk losing any data.  Please give me some tips to help sort out this problem. Getting around the FAT32 4GB file size limit how to add xsl attribute What is the purpose of JNDI Invariance of a maximally entangled state under unitary operation $U \otimes U^\dagger$ Why is there something instead of nothing? A simple but fundamental question.    The "something" means the whole Universe (known and unknown), it could be represented as the reality version of the set of all sets, which is itself . It includes all the  and such.  A better version of the whole Universe could be described with a .  The "nothing" means an absence of the whole Universe, not a particular void or emptiness in the whole Universe but a nonexistent whole Universe. As we all know, going near a black hole (Gargantua in this case) slows down time, according to the theory of relativity.  So when Cooper comes out of the black hole, after spending a fair bit of time there, shouldn't he be much older than Brand who hasn't gone inside Gargantua? I put some alias commands in my .bashrc file, so that they might be loaded everytime I open a new Terminal window. Yet this doesn't happen. I have to select run script: in the Terminal&gt;Preferences&gt;&quot;MyDefaultTheme&quot;&gt;Shell prefpane and add: source .bashrc &amp;&amp; clear for it to work... This seems odd since many tutorials only say you just have to add to the .bashrc file and all is good. Note that I don't run in bash when using the terminal, I like the other (default) one (don't know what it is) better, because it show me where I am all the time eg: &gt;&gt;d54c6b47b:~ romeo$  in stead of: &gt;&gt;bash$  In bash all is loaded as should be. So my question is, why didn't my .bashrc file load automatically and did I have to add the option to call it everytime? Also some tutorial told me to do something like: $alias la=’ls -la’ &gt;&gt; ~/.bashrc  which should write the alias to my .bashrc, this doesn't work either... Note that I'm a UNIX novice, so be gentle. Careers: create PDF is not handling properly the sections Writing and Reading Scenario #1: no items in the section Writing, a few items in Reading   click on create pdf in the PDF you get your readings under the title "Writing" (should be "Reading")   Scenario #2: one item in the section Writing, a few items in Reading   click on create pdf in the PDF you get:   your readings under the title "Writing" (should be "Reading"), as in scenario #1 there are no writings (there should be one)    Hope it to be clear. Let me know in case it isn't.  Thank you! How to prompt for user input and read command-line arguments Is it possible to tell Google's Webmaster Tools that our site hosted on www. has moved to a sub folder, sub domain or a new domain with sub folder?