I email to prof X to ask about a PhD student vacancy. He refuses because of his retirement, but kindly introducing prof Y to me. When emailing to prof Y, should I CC prof X?  I do this because at the end of the letter he says that he wants me to get him informed of my work. But more importantly, even without this saying, I think CC to someone when they has introduced me to another person is a good etiquette. It shows that I'm transparent.  But what if they are not really close? They may know each other through the work of each other, but hasn't had any conversation? Would this make things become awkward? And if he didn't say anything about informing him, would CC him simply annoying him?  While you can say that this question is a continue of , the names have been rearranged completely. For the sake of your understanding, please assume that the two questions have no relation to each other.
I wrote an email to Prof. X to ask about a PhD student vacancy and talk about a topic in one of his papers. He refused to accept me because of his retirement and replied with a warming email. In that, he cc-ed two others that he thought might be interested in me, Prof. Y and Prof. Z. Prof. Y refused because his area is somewhat distinct to mine; Prof. Z hasn't answered yet. I haven't responded to anyone yet. I also want to ask Prof. X's opinion about Prof. T's work, who is actually the one that I want to follow.  How should I respond to this? My feeling is that if Prof. X cc-ed others, this means that he wants to create a group discussion. As a group, everyone should have the right to hear each other voices. Should I reply to the group with a generic "thank you" email?  But if I do that, then I have to send another private emails to Prof. X and Prof. Z. I just worry that this will make me looks sneaky because I don't have the courage to discuss this in public.   What should I do?
freezing header in a table in html How can I convert JPG into PDF easily? How to sort strings in JavaScript I have a list of objects I wish to sort based on a field attr of type string. I tried using -  list.sort(function (a, b) {     return a.attr - b.attr })   but found that - doesn't appear to work with strings in JavaScript. How can I sort a list of objects based on an attribute with type string? Evidence for quantum gravity from gravitational waves The rumor spreads that .  I am far from being an experimentalist, but I want to know if there is any chance that the mentioned observations will reveal any experimental evidence for quantum gravity.  Personally, I feel like this is merely impossible as gravitational waves should propagate in agreement with classical General Relativity. But I might very well not see pitfalls if there are any.  UPDATE: by "evidence for quantum gravity" I mean experimental results which don't agree with predictions of General Relativity or its classical generalizations. They might be coming from string theory or loop gravity or from a completely different approach which we haven't discovered yet. I want to understand what are the chances that new physics will show up during the upcoming  gravitational wave observations.  Also, I expect gravitational waves to be in a highly coherent state, thus making the individual gravitons unobservable. Is this true? Live USB for Ubuntu 13.10 does't recognize Windows 8 OS Where does gravitational waves' energy go? I'm trying to setup OpenVPN using NetworkManager. The GUI seems buggy and unresponsive. Are there any other tools for setting up a VPN client? Proof of $Y=F_X(X)$ being uniformly distributed on $[0,1]$ for arbitrary continuous $F_X$ A skydiver jumps out of a plane from a height of $2200$m. The skydiver's height, $h$ meters above the ground, can be modeled by the function $$s = 2200 - 4.9t^2$$ How fast is the skydiver falling at $t = 4$s?  If the skydiver is approaching a height of $2200$m, I reasoned that I could use the following definition to find the solution $${f(x+h)-f(x)\over h}$$ I entered the function into this definition and got stuck when I got to this$$f'(x) = \lim_{x\to 0} {2200-4.9t^2-9.8th-4.9h^2\over h}$$ Where can I go from here? Can I continue with this method or did I make a mistake a few steps back? New Solution  How does this look? $(a^{2^n}+1,a^{2^m}+1)=1 or 2$ Prove that if $m\not =n,a$ are positive integers then $(a^{2^n}+1,a^{2^m}+1)$ is $1$ if $a$ is even and $2$ if $a$ is odd.    I solve the problem in the following way: I assume that $m&gt;n$ then  $$a^{2^m}+1=a^{2^m}-1+2$$ With this expression if I take a divisor prime $p$ of $a^{2^n}+1$ then if $p|a^{2^m}+1$ this prime must divide 2 and the result follows.   But, how can I prove this statement without use of primes? This exercise appears before the concept of prime is introduced then I prefer do not use it.    Any idea?   Thanks! using flask render_template to make a highchart on the front end Who are all of the companions and how do I get them? I need to pass an ID and a password to a batch file at the time of running rather than hardcoding them into the file.  Here's what the command line looks like:  test.cmd admin P@55w0rd &gt; test-log.txt Forgive me for the unclear title. Some time ago, my HTC M8, which is rooted and runs on a  showed something weird. Firstly, in the Google Maps App a mysterious blue dot appeared, that captures the screen completely and makes it impossible to quit or use the application. It looks like this (I could make a screenshot)     When this happens in Maps, the only thing I can do is a hard restart with Power+Volume Up.  Since I have seen this occasionally in the camera app as well, I suspect it is not a bug of Maps itself. I know that the Venom ROM is not standard but maybe this is connected to some setting and anyone has seen this. Btw, the Venom ran smoothly for almost 3 years now.  Question: Has someone a clue what this could be and how I can get rid of it? Is there any true inertial reference frame in the universe? Is there any true  in the universe?  Newton's first law states that an object at rest remains at rest, and an object performing uniform motion performs uniform motion, until and unless acted upon by an external force, if viewed from an inertial frame. It is the definition of an inertial frame of reference. And Newton's second law states that the net external force acting on a particle equals its mass times its acceleration. Thus we need to have an inertial frame in order for Newton's 1st and 2nd laws to be applicable.  Scientists claim that Earth is an inertial frame, either the  frame or the  frame.  Why is that? Earth's different parts have different accelerations when it performs rotational motion about its axis. Now you may say that Earth's axis is inertial, but the Earth is also revolving around the Sun. Thus Earth's frame should be non-inertial.  Even supposing that earth's frame is inertial, then it means that rest of the universe is non-inertial, because only a frame that moves with constant velocity with respect to an inertial frame is also an inertial frame and according to various scientific experiments there is no other matter in this universe which satisfies that criterion. Now you may say that earth is an approximate inertial frame, but still, my question is: is there any perfect inertial frame in the universe where Newton's laws are exactly applicable? I want to change my computer's password. Right now my password is abc123. I run this command:  sudo passwd   I entered my current password and then a new one but the change does not take effect. How can I resolve this problem ? Determining if trees within forest gaps are clustered using R? The attached dataset shows approximately 6000 saplings in approximately 50 variable sized forest gaps.  I am interested in learning how these saplings are growing within their respective gaps (i.e. clustered, random, dispersed).  As you know, a traditional approach would be to run Global Moran's I.  However, aggregations of trees within aggregations of gaps seems to be an inappropriate use of Moran's I.  I ran some test statistics with Moran's I using a threshold distance of 50 meters, which produced nonsensical results (i.e. p-value = 0.0000000...).  The interaction among the gap aggregations are likely producing these results.  I have considered creating a script to loop through individual canopy gaps and determine the clustering within each gap, although displaying these results to the public would be problematic.    What is the best approach to quantify clustering within clusters? In GLM regression I have always been told to set the reference level of categorical/ordinal/dummy variables to the level with the most exposure (level with most data), because this somehow makes the model more stable. Is there any statistical reason behind this, or just historical practice without statistical reason?  I can understand that one wants a "baselevel" (reference level) in the model that are most likely to be correct, but if you are not sure about the other levels, then they surely should not be included in the regression in the first place? My pixel perfect picture gets blurry when compiled in LaTeX I have this picture:  (I have the original in Pixen and could export it to several different formats. I went with PNG though since it's lossless.)  When I open my picture in Preview (OS X) and zoom in, it looks fine. The characters have extremely sharp boarders between them and the background. However, when I put it into my LaTeX document, compile it to a PDF (using TeXShop) and then zoom in, it suddenly have gotten blurry (see screenshot: ).  Minimal working example:  \documentclass[12pt]{article} \usepackage{graphicx} \begin{document} \includegraphics[scale=1]{fig1.png} \end{document}   In the end, I would like to be able to scale the picture freely without there being any blurring at all. Post Problem Analysis - Rod in a cylindrical time varying magnetic field? A metal rod of length $l$ is placed (as shown in figure) in a cylindrical time varying magnetic field. Find the potential difference across it.   My answer:  As electric fields as forming circles around the centre with magnitude $$\frac12r\frac{dB}{dt}$$ whose magnitude is same along any chord at a fix distance from centre: $$\Delta V=E.l=\frac12r\frac32at^{\frac12}.l$$ $$\Delta V=\frac34arlt^{\frac12}$$  My question: Is $\Delta V =V_M-V_N$ or $\Delta V=V_N-V_M$ $\bf OR$ equivalently which side is at high potential?  Possible    $(i)$ As Field lines are circular from $M$ to $N$, $M$ must be high potential. $(ii)$ As this field line apply a force on electrons- in the rod- towards left, then $M$ must have excess $e^-$ and $N$ must have deficiency; so $N$ would be high potential as $M$ is $(+)$ and $N$ is $(-)$.