I am new to GIT, currently in my project they are using bitbucket and SourceTree. I am only using bit bucket for cloning project and source tree for taking that project on my local drive.When does GIT come into the picture  My Confusion is:    What is the particular use of source tree, bit bucket and GIT?  How GIT is related to SurceTree and bit bucket? How GIT is related to Github?
Ok, after seeing , I have decided to skip to the end and go with .  So what I need is a beginner's practical guide to Git.  "Beginner" being defined as someone who knows how to handle their compiler, understands to some level what a  is, and has touched source control without understanding it very well.  "Practical" being defined as this person doesn't want to get into great detail regarding what Git is doing in the background, and doesn't even care (or know) that it's distributed.  Your answers might hint at the possibilities, but try to aim for the beginner that wants to keep a 'main' repository on a 'server' which is backed up and secure, and treat their local repository as merely a 'client' resource.  So:  Installation/Setup    How do you set up Git?  Try to cover Linux, Windows, Mac, think 'client/server' mindset.         Working with the code          How do you handle binary files (visio docs, for instance, or compiler environments)? How do you merge files changed at the "same time"?    Tagging, branching, releases, baselines    How do you pull a particular 'release'?   How do you resolve conflicts and complete the merge? How do you merge parts of one branch into another branch?        Other   Describe and link to a good GUI, IDE plugin, etc. that makes Git a non-command line resource, but please list its limitations as well as its good.    - Cross platform, included with Git  - Cross platform history viewer, included with Git  - Mac OS X  - Mac OS X history viewer  - Cross platform, commercial, beta  - console GUI for Linux  - GUI for Windows, Linux  - package for Windows, includes friendly GUI  Any other common tasks a beginner should know?     How do I work effectively with a subversion repository set as my source control source?   Other Git beginner's references                 Delving into Git     (and )    I will go through the entries from time to time and 'tidy' them up so they have a consistent look/feel and it's easy to scan the list - feel free to follow a simple "header - brief explanation - list of instructions - gotchas and extra info" template.  I'll also link to the entries from the bullet list above so it's easy to find them later.
Using Gnome 3.18. I share files between other family members, but the default umask on my distro (archlinux) is 0022. So every file/directory created is not writable for our common group.  I tried to put umask 0002 in /etc/profile but the gnome session is still using 0022. It's working for a login bash shell, though.  I also tried to add this line in /etc/pam.d/system-auth:  session   required  pam_umask.so umask=0002  It has the same effect as the one in /etc/profile. I tried  If I change the umask manually in a gnome-terminal shell, then I launch an application from it, say gedit, then the files created by it have the wanted permissions. If I launch gedit from the gnome menus, it doesn't. So my matter is really to set the umask for the gnome session, and I can't find where to do it.  EDIT (to answer Gilles' comment): I'm using gdm 3.18 as the DM. I also tried to add the pam_umask line into /etc/pam.d/gdm-launch-environment. All other gdm-* files contains includes of session from the system-auth file, so they should not need more. It doesn't change anything.  /etc/login.defs contains UMASK 077 but also USERGROUPS_ENAB yes which should set the umask to either 0077 or 0007 for users whose primary group is the username.  The only file that contains 022 for umask in /etc is /etc/profile but that was my first try.  As for /etc/Xsession.d, I don't have this directory. Besides, as wayland is now the default display server, I'm not sure the umask should be set as part of X initialisation, even if I'm still using it myself. Finding the limit of $\left(\frac{n}{n+1}\right)^n$ Does the condition $\lim\limits_{n\to\infty}\frac{a_{n+1}}{a_n}=1$ imply that $a_n$ convergent?  When I say convergent I mean to $L\in \mathbb{R}$ or to $\infty$ or to $-\infty$  I have a gut feeling this statement is false, just can't find a series which contradicts it.  Thanks a lot I only have access to the server via a terminal and I can't use graphical tools such as GParted! I want to create a new partition from a part of the root (about 768mb) for swap.  # df -h Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/vda         20G  1.3G   18G   7% / udev             10M     0   10M   0% /dev tmpfs           199M  4.9M  194M   3% /run tmpfs           100M   12K  100M   1% /run/user tmpfs           5.0M  4.0K  5.0M   1% /run/lock Checking if date is weekend PHP Should Stack Exchange introduce the ability to upload embedded sounds (maybe via HTML5/Flash, whichever the user has) as part of questions and answers to Stack Exchange?  It could require a certain amount of rep to stop new users from doing it frivolously.  My rationale behind this is the new language &amp; usage sites.  I often find myself thinking that it might be helpful, when discussing a regional dialect or something, for the person answering to just pronounce what they're trying to describe in words. Can I use a charger with more output amperage than the device needs? How does someone get to cast more than 40 votes in a day? And by someone, I mean that evil feline WesleyDavid:        That screenshot was taken just before 4pm PST, i.e. just before 0000 UTC.  That shows KittehHead's votes for the month, which is the same as for the day since it's March 1st.  Just to be sure it wasn't that SE had the time wrong, I tried upvoting something and got the expected "Daily Vote Limit Reached, Please Vote Again in 6 minutes."  So how did Kitteh^H^H^H^H^H^HWesley get 42 votes in one day?  ADDED: It's getting worse... Now it's March 2nd, and Wesley/Cat has 3 extra votes:        Now I finally got an extra vote (take that evil kitteh!), but it hasn't helped me understand why: Is it possible to kill Ulfric after joining the Stormcloaks? So I've been thinking if it's possible to join the Stormcloaks only to realize Ulfric's an ass and kill him after that at some point of the game (I know you can't just go and kill him at first because he's an important NPC for the main story quests).  I don't want to join the Empire and - in my mind - what would make sense in my character's storyline would be him joining the Stormcloaks at first (because of how the game starts and my character being a Nord and having escaped with Ralof), but later realizing how Ulfric is only after power and how his fight against the Empire might even benefit the Altmers by weakening both forces (Empire and Rebellion). His Talos talk is just an excuse for his actions, as I see it. I really don't like this guy (he's a crazy racist who would do anything for power), but I also don't like what the Empire has become.  Please note that I don't really want spoilers about the plot, I just want to know if it is possible to challenge Ulfric to one-on-one combat "in the Old Nord Way" or just take the Rebellion for myself by assassinating him. How do I preview tag wiki exerpt? How do I put a link there? I've edited  to include a link into exerpt. But it shows Markdown source of the link instead of actual link.   How do I preview the exerpt while editing it? Where to find syntax and available Markdown features in exerpts? How do I include the link properly? Can some metadata about deleted posts be included in Data.SE? Should a button become lighter or darker on hover? We're having a discussion in the office about whether a button should become lighter or darker when a user hovers over it.   Here are some examples from the field:  Apple "Buy Now" button (Second is hover, third is depressed) -     Twitter Bootstrap -    (Unselected)   (Hover)  Github homepage - github.com      The button on FogBugz homepage goes from yellow to slightly lighter yellow. The buttons on Optimizely and Visual Website Optimizer hardly change.  Amazon's "Buy Now" button doesn't do anything when you hover over it (besides change to a pointer cursor). The colored buttons in Google's new interface (see Gmail or Calendar) go slightly darker when you hover over them.  Finally here is our button:    Should your button become lighter or darker when you hover over it? What else should you consider? Does anyone have data on whether the hover effect matters for conversions? Circular duplicate link allowed Keeping track of where everyone is is hard.  I could be out in the wasteland while Dogmeat will let me know he found something. That's great, but then it's a chore trying to find him a lot of times. Sometimes, he'll even run ahead and attack enemies and I'll lose sight of him. Only if I leave an area sufficiently far enough, he'll come back and meet with me which isn't always possible. I know I can listen out for him but visual indicators would be better. But none of this works if I sent him to a settlement but needed to find him and he hasn't returned yet.  Is there anything we can do to make locating companions in the world easier? Suppose $\sum_{n=1}^\infty \frac{1}{n} = S$ where $S$ is finite.  Then  $$S =\sum_{n=1}^\infty \frac{1}{n}= \sum_{n=1}^\infty \frac{1}{2n-1} + \frac{1}{2n} &gt; \sum_{n=1}^\infty \frac{1}{2n} + \frac{1}{2n} = S$$  which is a contradiction.  Is this valid? How to access the shared folder between two computers running ubuntu I have to computers running Ubuntu and I want to share files between those computer. these computers are already connected through a cross cable and sharing internet connection using firestarter. Both computers have samba installed.   In Desktop computer I have a shared folder How do I access it on the other one. Why is the cone measurable? Problem Denote by $\lambda_n$ the Lebesgue measure on $\mathbb {R}^n$. Let $h \in \mathbb {R}_{&gt;0}$. Let $A \subset \mathbb {R}^{n-1}$ be Lebesgue-measurable with finite measure. Define the cone $C(A,h)$ as the union of all straight lines connecting a point in $A \times\{0\}$ with the point $(0, h) \in \mathbb {R}^{n-1} \times \mathbb{R}$. Prove that $\lambda_n (C(A,h))=\frac{h}{n}\cdot \lambda_{n-1}(A)$. Where I struggle  Assuming that $C(A,h)$ is (Lebesgue-)measurable, this is a simple application of Fubini. How Fubini is used is all clear to me.  However, why is $C(A,h)$ measurable? It seems one could roughly argue as follows: As $A$ and $[0,h]$  are measurable so is $A \times [0,h]$. As $A \times [0,h]$ is measurable it is the union of a null set and a Borel set. $C(A,h)$ is the image of $A \times [0,h]$ under a certain diffeomorphism (c.f. ). Diffeomorphisms map null sets to null sets, and Borel sets to Borel sets. Hence, $C(A,h)$ is (as a finite union of measurable sets) measurable.  Unfortunately, I am not allowed to use the above properties of diffeomorphisms. What are other ways to prove the claim? Please only give a hint to set me thinking. Object emit light distance I created an object, and I wanted it to glow. I used to just place points of light around it, and parent them to it, but using the emit option in the materials seemed so much easier.  But when I gave it an a higher emit than 0, it went only a small distance before the light stopped. I turned it up to 200, and the object was white with light, but the light didn't go any farther. Oh and I changed the color, and nothing happened. Evaluate $\lim\limits_{n\to\infty}\frac{\sum_{k=1}^n k^m}{n^{m+1}}$ By considering:  $$\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{\sum_{k=1}^n k^1}{n^{2}} = \frac 1 2$$ $$\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{\sum_{k=1}^n k^2}{n^{3}} = \frac 1 3$$ $$\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{\sum_{k=1}^n k^3}{n^{4}} = \frac 1 4$$  Determine if this is true: $$\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{\sum_{k=1}^n k^m}{n^{m+1}} = \frac 1 {{m+1}}$$  If it is, prove it.  If it is not, evaluate $\lim\limits_{n\to\infty}\frac{\sum_{k=1}^n k^m}{{m+1}}$. How quickly is the desired state of curl of the Electric Field around a point achieved where a Magnetic Field Vector has just begun changing? My question and context with explanation are given below. Thank you in advance.   Faraday’s Law () states that a time-changing magnetic field vector induces a curl of the Electric field around that point. However it does not specify how quickly the necessary spatial gradient is developed in the Electric Field to satisfy that curl. Of course, the Electric Field vectors around that point cannot just jump to the required values instantaneously in accompaniment as soon as the magnetic field starts changing at a fixed rate, since it is required that the Electric Field has a sensible rate of change to in turn induce a curl of the magnetic Field and continue the propagation of the wave. It would seem the exact rates at which the Electric and Magnetic Fields are changing is critical in the mechanism of an EM wave’s propagation. How would I then calculate the rate of change of E somewhere along the wave given I know the rate of change of the B vector that began it, and given the wave is restricted to one dimension for simplicity? There should after all be some delay in how the EM wave moves from point to point in space, seeing as it moves at the finite speed of causality (3*10^8 m/s), as shown in the first image:    Some of my ideas so far have been that perhaps the rate of change of E is determined such that it exactly cancels the growth of the time-changing E vector that gave rise to a curl of B before, which developed at such a rate to induce a curl of E, which demands this rate of change of E which I am talking about now. In this way the wave might level out the growth of the fields in its wake and spread the change further outwards, in the same way smoothening out a crease spreads it elsewhere. However I am stuck on how to show this rigorously.  I am open to any difficulty of maths, so long as the answer provides the explanation. Below are some diagrams to help visualize what I am talking about:    Faraday's Law requires that a curl of E is developed, which under these restrictions requires a spatial gradient of E to appear across that point. Since the field across that point was previously in some other state, it is required that the Electric Field vectors that are infinitesimally close to that point undergo a rate of change through time to achieve the desired state of curl. The question is, how quickly is this desired state of curl achieved?