From the , you cannot directly test criteria based sharing rules. I'm just thinking about if there is a work around for this limitation - possibly by creating __share records in test context, though not sure how I would be able to take the sharing criteria and apply that logically in code, as would want to do this dynamically to ensure that if the sharing rule criteria changed, that my test code would still run. What have other people done to test criteria based sharing rules?
Ideally, I'd like to write a unit test to help me "dummy check" for unexpected effects of the upcoming guest user sharing setting changes.  We'd had some controller/trigger code "gracefully handling" data it couldn't see thanks to the new sharing restrictions ... which resulted in simply "not doing" some work that it was supposed to do, which from a business process perspective isn't "graceful" at all (it was an important automation for downstream processes).  I'd like to write up a unit test with some system.assert statements validating that "data still goes where it's supposed to" when the "submit" button a public-facing Visualforce page of a community is clicked.  Unfortunately, I can't seem to make the "submit" button on a Controller for a public-facing Visualforce page work in the context of a unit test because the record whose creation it results in doesn't get its corresponding "sharing setting" record created in time for the execution context to pick it up.  I did a little proof of concept here ...  @isTest public class TestClass {      private static Id guestProfileId = Util.getProfileIdByName('Public Facing Portal Profile');     private static User guestUser;     private static Id portalGroupId = [SELECT Id FROM Group WHERE Name = 'Public_Portal' LIMIT 1][0].Id;      private static Custom_Object__c co;       private static testMethod void runTest() {         createCO();         Test.startTest();         // Note that putting createCO() inside the test and doesGuestSharingRuleExistForCO() doesn't help.         // That's what I was afraid of.         try {             doesGuestSharingRuleExistForCO(co.Id);         }         catch (Util.DeveloperException e) {             System.assert(FALSE, e.getMessage());         }         Test.stopTest();     }       private static void cacheUsers() {         guestUser = [SELECT Id FROM User WHERE profileid = :guestProfileId AND IsActive = TRUE LIMIT 1][0];     }      private static void createCO() {         co = new Custom_Object__c();         INSERT co;     }      private static void doesGuestSharingRuleExistForCO(Id coId) {         List&lt;SObject&gt; existingSharingRulesOnCO = [             SELECT Id FROM Custom_Object__share             WHERE RowCause = 'GuestRule' AND AccessLevel = 'Read' AND ParentId = :coId AND UserOrGroupId = :portalGroupId LIMIT 1         ];         if ( existingSharingRulesOnCO.isEmpty() ) { throw new Util.DeveloperException('Guest User sharing is not on for this custom object ID'); }     }      private static Boolean isCOSharingFlippedOnAtAll(){         String lookingFor = 'Custom_Object__Share';         for (Schema.SObjectType sObjectType : Schema.getGlobalDescribe().values() ) {             String sobjName = String.valueOf(sObjectType);             if (sobjName.contains(lookingFor) ) { return TRUE; }         }         return FALSE;     }  }   Am I just out of luck?  Is there no way to properly unit-test the effects (to automations relying upon "guest user" sharing settings when running as "guest user") of simulating the insertion of records into my database from a Visualforce page, due to not being able to separate out "execution context" enough and "wait" for the sharing rule record for the new record to come into existence?
Is the Nintendo 3DS region-locked? I am thinking of buying a 3DS when the price drop comes into place in America, however I live in Australia. Will Australian 3DS games work on a North American 3DS? What is the difference between DPI (dots per inch) and PPI (pixels per inch)? There are lots of other questions on Graphic Design which partly cover this, e.g. .  However, I have become frustrated at the number of questions and answers which confuse the two terms. I think understanding the difference is important.  So here's a place to answer this question well and clear up the confusion! If $A=AB-BA$, is $A$ nilpotent? Let matrix $A_{n\times n}$, be such that there exists a matrix $B$ for which $$AB-BA=A$$  Prove or disprove that there exists $m\in \mathbb N^{+}$such  $$A^m=0,$$  I know $$tr(A)=tr(AB)-tr(BA)=0$$ then I can't.Thank you My PC has a build-in VT1828S chip. The connection between PC and monitor (which has built-in speakers) is through an HDMI cable.  Audio preferences shows 2 devices for audio output: analog stereo and RS880 Audio Device [Radeon HD 4200] digital stereo (HDMI).  When I plug a headphone in the rear jack and I choose the former device, everything works. When I choose the latter device, instead, no sound is heard, and video playback is too fast. It is as if video frames want to synchronise with the audio timing, but the audio timing information is wrong.  HDMI audio worked perfectly with Ubuntu 11.04, but stopped after 11.10 upgrade. How do I back up AWS S3 and EBS to a non-Amazon provider? We've centered most of our operations on AWS, and love the ease of use there. However, every once in a while, the paranoid side of my brain wonders ?  Within the Amazon ecosystem, we have a pretty good backup plan: We keep most static data in S3. EBS volumes are snapshotted nightly. However, true paranoia would mean backing up to a provider outside the Amazon ecosystem. How do you handle doing this? I'm especially interested in backing up EBS snapshots and S3 contents. Bonus points for backing up RDS. How to get reflections from 3D to show up on real images Which programs can I use to edit PDF files? I know that there is a very similar question, but I'm not interested in highlighting. What I'm looking for is some tool in Linux to edit pdf files. I've tried pdfedit which did the work for me, but if freezes after a few edits. I've tried this tool under Ubuntu 9.10 and under KDE Fedora 14 and the same thing happens. I've tried Okular but the notations are too big to fill out exercises from pdf workbooks.    Is there any tool that suits this job? I don't care whether it is open source or I have to pay a reasonable price for it. I have some  gained from survey questions.  In my case they are  responses (Strongly Disagree-Disagree-Neutral-Agree-Strongly Agree).  In my data they are coded as 1-5.  I  don't think means would mean much here, so what basic summary statistics are considered usefull? I suspected that installing xfce4 cause some issues in Ubuntu so I removed them using apt-get remove xfce4 xfce4-goodeis.  But when I ran 'dpkg -l' I still can see some libraries and packages for xfce4:  $ dpkg -l | grep -i xfce rc  libexo-1-0:amd64                              0.10.2-2                                 amd64        Library with extensions for Xfce rc  libgarcon-1-0                                 0.2.1-1                                  amd64        freedesktop.org compliant menu implementation for Xfce rc  libxfce4ui-1-0                                4.11.0-0ubuntu1~ppa0.13.10.1             amd64        widget library for Xfce - Gtk+2 variant rc  libxfce4ui-common                             4.11.0-0ubuntu1~ppa0.13.10.1             all          common files for libxfce4ui rc  libxfce4util6                                 4.10.1-1                                 amd64        Utility functions library for Xfce4 rc  libxfcegui4-4                                 4.10.0-2                                 amd64        Basic GUI C functions for Xfce4 rc  libxfconf-0-2                                 4.10.0-2                                 amd64        Client library for Xfce4 configure interface rc  mousepad                                      0.3.0-2                                  amd64        simple Xfce oriented text editor rc  thunar                                        1.6.3-1ubuntu1                           amd64        File Manager for Xfce rc  xfce4-appfinder                               4.10.1-1                                 amd64        Application finder for the Xfce4 Desktop Environment rc  xfce4-clipman                                 2:1.2.3-2ubuntu1                         amd64        clipboard history utility rc  xfce4-mixer                                   1:4.10.0-1ubuntu2                        amd64        Xfce mixer application rc  xfce4-notes                                   1.7.7-3ubuntu2                           amd64        Notes application for the Xfce4 desktop rc  xfce4-panel                                   4.10.1-1ubuntu1                          amd64        panel for Xfce4 desktop environment rc  xfce4-power-manager                           1.2.0-2ubuntu1                           amd64        power manager for Xfce desktop rc  xfce4-session                                 4.10.1-1ubuntu1                          amd64        Xfce4 Session Manager rc  xfce4-settings                                4.11.1-0ubuntu1~ppa0.13.10.1             amd64        graphical application for managing Xfce settings rc  xfce4-terminal                                0.6.2-3ubuntu1.1                         amd64        Xfce terminal emulator rc  xfce4-volumed                                 0.2.0-0ubuntu1                           amd64        volume keys daemon rc  xfdesktop4                                    4.11.2-0ubuntu1~ppa0.13.10.1             amd64        xfce desktop background, icons and root menu manager rc  xfwm4                                         4.11.1-0ubuntu1~ppa0.13.10.1             amd64        window manager of the Xfce project   I copy-pasted all these packages\libraries to form an apt-get remove command to remove all of these dependencies, and the command ran normally, but running dpkg -l | grep -i xfce showed these dependencies again !  Why are these dependencies still installed ? What is the different between an Normal user account and the Admin account in Ubuntu?  You must always enter your password if you want do something. Can you give a Normal account  "limitations" to do not install or remove anything or to not open any program? Can you also "hide/deactive" the terminal and console for a normal user? How to measure GPU usage? How do I find out word count in pages 5.2.2 I often write short articles and am limited to 100 words per document.   Can I find word counts in pages 5.2.2? How did Kylo Ren travel to the other planet in the TIE fighter? PHP Codes are displaying in HTML How create Redirect pattern from old to new URLs? D7: I'm going to update an articles path pattern (/articles/[node:uid] → /post/[new tokens]) but I need redirect users from old path to new one using tokens. And I don't know how to do that.  I tried using the , but it allows set only separate URL for each node; no group redirect patterns are allowed. Also the  doesn't allow to set patterns. How can I achieve this?    The problem partially solves by applying "Update url alias" option in admin/content. I do not find out how to show all selected type nodes at one page without pages, because it is terrible slow applying option page by page. Anyway, by this way, old aliases still exist, work, and don't redirect to new aliases. Cancelling upvote on comment? As mentioned on :     For something that can be done so   easily by accident, there should be   the ability to undo mistakes.   I know that I have clicked several times on a comment up-vote without actually wanting to.  I would suggest being able to cancel the up-vote (maybe only for a couple of minutes or even less than a minute, no problem, as long as I can undo a miss-click). I have two limit problems which are quite similar, so I've put them both into this post.   $((4^{10}+2^{n})^{\frac{1}{n}})$ $((3n^{2}+n)^{\frac{1}{n}})$   Attempt:  For 1, I'm not sure if this is permissible. I know that $\lim_{n \to \infty}(x^{n}+y^{n})^{\frac{1}{n}} = \max\{x,y\}$. Obviously $4^{10}$ is a constant so it's not quite in the same form, but I believe it is still okay to use this result, and so the limit is $2$.  For 2, I've got $((3n^{2}+n)^{\frac{1}{n}}) = (n(3n+1)^{\frac{1}{n}})$, but then I'm not too sure how to proceed.   I also thought of taking the log and proceeding that way, however in the notes I'm learning from they haven't covered l'hopital yet, so I'm trying to not use it.  Thanks. I would like to prove inductively that $${2n\choose n}=\sum_{i=0}^n{n\choose i}^2.$$  I know a couple of non-inductive proofs, but I can't do it this way. The inductive step eludes me. I tried naively things like $${2n+2\choose n+1}={2n+2\over n+1}{2n+1\choose n}=2\cdot {2n+1\over n+1}{2n\choose n},$$  But I don't think it can lead me anywhere. I would like the proof to be as simple as possible. Cauchy-Riemann equations in polar form. Show that in polar coordinates, the Cauchy-Riemann equations take the form   $\dfrac{\partial u}{\partial r} = \dfrac{1}r \dfrac{\partial v}{\partial \theta}$ and $\dfrac{1}r \dfrac{\partial u}{\partial \theta} = −\dfrac{\partial v}{\partial r}$.      Use these equations to show that the logarithm function defined by   $\log z = \log r + i\theta$ where $z=re^{i\theta}$ with $-\pi&lt;\theta&lt;\pi$ is holomorphic in the region $r &gt; 0$ and $-\pi&lt;\theta&lt;\pi$.   What I have so far:   Cauchy-Riemann Equations: Let $f(z)$ = $u(x, y)$ +$iv(x, y)$ be a function on an open domain with continuous partial derivatives in the underlying real variables. Then f is differentiable at $z = x+iy$ if and only if $\frac{∂u}{∂ x}(x, y)$ = $\frac{∂ v}{∂ y}(x, y)$ and $\frac{∂u}{∂ y}(x, y)$ = −$\frac{∂ v}{∂ x}(x, y)$. So we have $f'(z)= \frac{∂u}{∂ x}(z) +i \frac{∂ v}{∂ x}(z)$. Let $f(z)$ = $f(re^{iθ})$= $u(r,θ)$ +$iv(r,θ)$ be a function on an open domain that does not contain zero and with continuous partial derivatives in the underlying real variables. Then f is differentiable at $z$ = $re^{iθ}$ if and only if $r \frac{∂u}{∂r}=\frac{∂ v}{∂θ}$ and $\frac{∂u}{∂θ}$ = $−r \frac{∂v}{∂ r}$.  Sorry, if this is not very good. I just decided to start learning complex analysis today... \@seccntformat only for section I would like to add a dot between the number of the section and section name. I used   \makeatletter \renewcommand*{\@seccntformat}[1]{% \csname the#1\endcsname .} \makeatother   The problem is that, obviously, it put a dot also among subsection number and subsection name which I do not want. Is it possible to add the dot only between section number and section using low level instructions i.e. without any additional package?