I know there are a lot of questions about this, but I have one specific one.   Let's say I am a Medium human and I change into a Tiny animal.  The Beast Shape spell says I get a +4 Dex bonus, which I assume is a +2 to Dex-based rolls.  However, becoming Tiny is supposed to cause -2 to CMB/CMD.  But CMD includes Dex in its formula, so it should be going up.  So do I take the net result of +2 for Beast Shape and -2 for becoming Tiny and have 0 change to CMD?  Other discussions of this question have not been clear on the relationship between the change in DEX and the change in CMD (or any other items that are mentioned separately but one would affect the other).
I'm running a witcheling, a changeling witch who, because of a GM's homebrew magic ring, can transform into a .  What effects does this pixie transformation have? Specifically...   Since I'm now Small, do I apply +1 to AC, +1 to attack rolls, –1 to CMB and CMD and +4 to Stealth? Am I able to cast spells while transformed? Do I lose my racial benefits while transformed? Am I still able to use weapons such as staff, longsword, or greatsword?
Who built the fortress of Dol Goldur, and when was it built? And was it always a place for evil, or Sauron just occupied it?  Despite the fact that Mordor is much better fortified; artificially by the old fortifications,  and geographically, as it is surrounded by the mountains. Also considering the presence of mount doom that seem to enhance Sauron's power, Sauron chose to start his campaign from Dol Goldur, despite Mordor being ready for quite some time.  Why did he choose this enigmatic fortress, and not go straight for Mordor or even go earlier? Callback functions in Java I'm currently working on the following question:  "At least one of Plato and Democritus believed in the theory of forms. Plato believed in the theory of forms only if he was not an atomist, and Democritus was an atomist only if he did not believe in the theory of forms. Democritus was an atomist. Prove, using Natural Deduction, that Plato was not an atomist"  I have been working for quite some time to take the information and turn it into a set of literals and statements I can work with.  So far, I have got $P \lor D$,  $P \Rightarrow \lnot a$,  $D \Rightarrow A$,  $D = A$  However, I cannot seem to make these prove the statement using natural deduction, any hints? Ubuntu 20.04 Failed to Set MokListRT: Invalid Parameter I have a MacBook Pro and only use Ubuntu on it. I just upgraded from 18.04 to 20.04. Now when I start the computer it says: Failed to Set MokListRT: Invalid Parameter Could not create mokListRT: Invalid Parameter Importing MOK states has failed: import_mok_state() failed: Invalid Parameter Continuing boot since secure mode is disabled.  Does anyone know EXACTLY how I can fix this?? Step-by-step process I don't want to mess anything up trying to fix this. The question is:     When $f(x+1)-f(x)=f'(x)$, what are the solutions for $f(x)$?   The most obvious solution is a linear function of the form $f(x)=ax+b$. Is this the only solution?  Edit  I should add that $f:\mathbb R\to\mathbb R$ to the question. Can a concentration spell be cast without actually concentrating on it for an "instant" effect? The book says:     Concentration. Some spells require you to maintain concentration in order to keep   their magic active. If you lose concentration, such a spell ends.   So what happens if, for example, you are already concentrating on a spell, and cast Witch Bolt without concentrating. Would you get the initial arc of blue energy, or would it not even go off?  I am asking if you can cast a spell that says concentration without concentrating for an immediate effect. This would be useful to avoid interrupting your existing concentration. In essence, if you are concentrating on thing A (doesn't have to be a spell since other things need concentration), can you cast a concentration spell getting an immediate effect without losing concentration on thing A?  Since the definition of concentration is to keep the spell active (meaning it is already active) I would think that you would get the initial effect (if it had one) without the need to concentrate on it. Why copy constructor not invoked here Let $x$ and $y$ be positive integers such that $xy \mid x^2+y^2+1$. Let $x$ and $y$ be positive integers such that $xy \mid  x^2+y^2+1$. Show that $$ \frac{x^2+y^2+1}{xy}= 3 \;.$$ I have been solving this for a week and I do not know how to prove the statement. I saw this in a book and I am greatly challenged. Can anyone give me a hint on how to attack the problem? thanks Can we have discussions? Guys, I just wonder if people are allowed to have civilized discussion (on any IT topic) on this forum without actually being accused of starting a row. I'm asking this question for a reason that few days I've asked few questions referring to VM, JIT etc. and compared them to C++ way and despite the fact that I've explained myself that I'm not starting any agro with anyone, that I'm really just genuinely curious, my post was first closed and then removed. I'm asking: What's wrong with asking nonstandard questions which sometimes my be quite difficult to answer? Thanks How to generate Bernoulli random variables with common correlation $\rho$? "Show," "shown," and "showed" Python import coding style I've discovered a new pattern.  Is this pattern well known or what is the opinion about it?  Basically, I have a hard time scrubbing up and down source files to figure out what module imports are available and so forth, so now, instead of  import foo from bar.baz import quux  def myFunction():     foo.this.that(quux)   I move all my imports into the function where they're actually used., like this:  def myFunction():     import foo     from bar.baz import quux      foo.this.that(quux)   This does a few things.  First, I rarely accidentally pollute my modules with the contents of other modules.  I could set the __all__ variable for the module, but then I'd have to update it as the module evolves, and that doesn't help the namespace pollution for code that actually lives in the module.  Second, I rarely end up with a litany of imports at the top of my modules, half or more of which I no longer need because I've refactored it.  Finally, I find this pattern MUCH easier to read, since every referenced name is right there in the function body. How do I make a textbox that only accepts numbers? How does the Java 'for each' loop work? Consider:  List&lt;String&gt; someList = new ArrayList&lt;String&gt;(); // add "monkey", "donkey", "skeleton key" to someList     for (String item : someList) {     System.out.println(item); }   What would the equivalent for loop look like without using the for each syntax? What is the difference between logistic regression and Fractional response regression? Is there a keyboard command for 'show desktop'? Like Windows, I want to hit Super+D to jump to the desktop or minimize all windows. I don't see command like that in Keyboard Shortcuts. Any idea? I noticed that Synonymizer is only a bronze badge. Yet in order to obtain this badge you need to have 2500 reputation or more to even create tag synonyms. Then, on top of that you also need to be able to find a tag synonym.  Only 514 of these have been awarded... This makes the BRONZE badge Synonymizer rarer to have than most the gold medal badges. So my question is, why is this a bronze badge? Is there any way to do n-level nested loops in Java? In other words, can I do something like  for() {     for {        for {        }     } }   Except N times? In other words, when the method creating the loops is called, it is given some parameter N, and the method would then create N of these loops nested one in another?  Of course, the idea is that there should be an "easy" or "the usual" way of doing it. I already have an idea for a very complicated one. My grandparents bought a flight on United Airlines, as the one and same ticket, from Toronto, to ORD with one 55-minute layover, then to Maui. :     You won’t need to pay extra for airfare if you miss the flight, but on the other hand, you will most likely not be compensated by the airline for the incurred delay. It always depends on the amount of time, the reason for the delay and the airline’s policies. As soon as it’s weather-related, you won’t be getting a penny (and that’s normal: airlines can’t control the weather).    Yet they obviously prefer to avoid such charges from missing the 2nd flight.   Please see the titled question? Would they need to hotfoot or scamper from one gate to another, to not miss the 2nd flight? If yes to 2, can they request an airport electric shuttle cart now, before the flight? I have a seven hour layover at Brussels airport, and I'd like to know whether there is enough time to leave the airport and go into the Brussels city center for a beer or a meal?  If so, what transportation is available, how does it work, how long does it take, and how much does it cost?  Are there convenient luggage lockers in the airport so that I can avoid taking my carry-on luggage into the city?  This layover is from 8:30 in the morning to 15:30 in the afternoon on a Monday, and the flight is arriving from the United States.  The outgoing flight is within Western Europe.