I tried updating my ubuntu today from 12.04 to 13.10 and am now unable to update anything and have what is basically a useless system. Whenever I try to launch update manager I get not all updates can be installed, run a partial upgrade  Cannot upgrade  An upgrade from 'raring' to 'precise' is not supported with this tool.  When I try things from terminal they're no better. When trying apt-get update I get an  W: Failed to fetch gzip:/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/au.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_saucy_multiverse_i18n_Translation-en  Encountered a section with no Package: header  E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.  Trying to run apt-get upgrade gives me  You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these. The following packages have unmet dependencies:  libdrm2 : Breaks: libdrm2:i386 (!= 2.4.43-0ubuntu0.2) but 2.4.43-0ubuntu0.0.3 is installed  libdrm2:i386 : Breaks: libdrm2 (!= 2.4.43-0ubuntu0.0.3) but 2.4.43-0ubuntu0.2 is installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.  and trying apt-get -f install   dpkg: error processing libdrm2:i386 (--configure):  libdrm2:i386 2.4.43-0ubuntu0.0.3 cannot be configured because libdrm2:amd64 is in a different version (2.4.43-0ubuntu0.2) dpkg: error processing libdrm2 (--configure):  libdrm2:amd64 2.4.43-0ubuntu0.2 cannot be configured because libdrm2:i386 is in a different version (2.4.43-0ubuntu0.0.3) No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already                                                               Errors were encountered while processing:  libdrm2:i386  libdrm2
I am currently using Ubuntu 10.04. I know there is a 10.10 release, but can I upgrade directly to 11.04? Could you walk me through the steps please?
Soundness of a rule of a proof system with respect to the truth tables? I have the following question: "Explain the concept of the soundness of a rule of a proof system with respect to the truth tables"  Would it be correct to state the following:  "A rule of a proof system is sound with respect to the truth tables iff the conditions of the rules (requirements of the rule) ensure that the final formula will behave according to it's intended truth table."?  This is a question in a practice exam, and I can not find a specific mentioning so far, by scanning Google and Proof Wiki.  What would the correct answer be?  Thank you. I am using postgreSQL, postGIS and pgrouting. Now I am really confused on how am I going to find the shortest path between multiple points.   I know how to find it between two points through dijkstra but I am confused how to accomplish the same result with more than two points.   I have done some research and found this:    But still I did not understand if its the right way and how to install it. I admin a handful of cloud-based (VPS) servers for the company I work for.   The servers are minimal ubuntu installs that run bits of LAMP stacks / inbound data collection (rsync). The data is large but not personal, financial or anything like that (ie not that interesting)  Clearly on here people are forever asking about configuring  and such like.   I use a bunch of approaches to secure the servers, for example (but not restricted to)   ssh on non standard ports; no password typing, only known ssh keys from known ips for login etc https, and restricted shells (rssh) generally only from known keys/ips servers are minimal, up to date and patched regularly use things like rkhunter, cfengine, lynis denyhosts etc for monitoring   I have extensive experience of unix sys admin. I'm confident I know what I'm doing in my setups. I configure /etc files. I have never felt a compelling need to install stuff like firewalls: iptables etc.  Put aside for a moment the issues of physical security of the VPS.  Q? I can't decide whether I am being naive or the incremental protection a fw might offer is worth the effort of learning / installing and the additional complexity (packages, config files, possible support etc) on the servers.  To date (touch wood) I've never had any problems with security but I am not complacent about it either. How to put small numbers outside the pie slices without making a mess I'm new to LaTeX and need some help with my figures. I would like to to put small numbers outside the pie slices without making a mess. Having found this thread , I tried it out, but didn't get all the way through with it. Right now, my pie looks like this:    I used the following code:  \usepackage{tikz,stackengine} \makeatletter  \tikzstyle{chart}= [legend label/.style={font={\scriptsize},anchor=west,align=left}, legend box/.style={rectangle, draw, minimum size=5pt}, axis/.style={black,thin,-&gt;}, axis label/.style={anchor=east,font={\tiny}}]  \tikzstyle{bar chart}=[ chart, bar width/.code={     \pgfmathparse{##1/2}     \global\let\bar@w\pgfmathresult}, bar/.style={thin, draw=black}, bar label/.style={font={\bf\small},anchor=north}, bar value/.style={font={\footnotesize}}, bar width=.75,]  \tikzstyle{pie chart}= [chart, slice/.style={line cap=round, line join=round, thin, draw=black}, pie title/.style={font={}}, slice type/.style 2 args={     ##1/.style={fill=##2},     values of ##1/.style={}}]  \pgfdeclarelayer{background} \pgfdeclarelayer{foreground} \pgfsetlayers{background,main,foreground}  \newcommand{\pye}[3][]{     \begin{scope}[#1]         \pgfmathsetmacro{\curA}{90}         \pgfmathsetmacro{\r}{1}         \def\c{(0,0)}         \node[pie title] at (270:1.3) {#2};         \foreach \v/\s in{#3}{             \pgfmathsetmacro{\deltaA}{\v/100*360}             \pgfmathsetmacro{\nextA}{\curA + \deltaA}             \pgfmathsetmacro{\midA}{(\curA+\nextA)/2}             \path[slice,\s] \c             -- +(\curA:\r)             arc (\curA:\nextA:\r)             -- cycle;             \pgfmathsetmacro{\d}{max((\deltaA * -(.5/50) + 1) , .5)} %%%              %\pgfmathprintnumberto{#3}{\fnum}  %\ifthenelse{\lengthtest{#3 pt &lt; 10pt}} %{\path (O) -- ++ (\midangle:\radius) %node[inner sep=0,align=left,anchor=west,rotate=\midangle](nums#3)    {~~\fnum};} %{\path (O) -- ++(\midangle:\innerpos)  %node {\scalefont{#3}\beforenumber\fnum\afternumber};}           %%%                         \begin{pgfonlayer}{foreground}                 \path \c -- node[pos=\d,pie values,values of \s]{$\v\%$} +    (\midA:\r);             \end{pgfonlayer}             \global\let\curA\nextA}     \end{scope}}  \newcommand{\legend}[2][]{     \begin{scope}[#1]         \path         \foreach \n/\s in {#2}         {++(0,-5pt) node[\s,legend box] {} +(2pt,0) node[legend label]     {\n}};     \end{scope}}      \begin{document}         \begin{center}      \begin{figure}[H]     \centering \begin{tikzpicture} [pie chart, slice type={A}{black!0}, slice type={B}{black!10}, slice type={C}{black!20}, slice type={D}{black!30}, slice type={E}{black!40}, slice type={F}{black!50}, slice type={G}{black!60}, slice type={H}{black!70}, pie values/.style={font={\small}}, scale=2]  \pye{1994}{6.1/A, 2.9/B, 0.2/C, 54.3/D, 25.2/E, 1.4/F, 6.7/G, 3.2/H} \pye[xshift=2.2cm,values of coltello/.style={pos=1.1}]% {2005}{6.8/A, 3.0/B, 0.5/C, 52.3/D, 25.6/E, 1.8/F, 7.1/G, 2.8/H} \pye[xshift=4.4cm,values of caffe/.style={pos=1.1}]% {2015}{7.2/A, 3.1/B, 0.6/C, 50.6/D, 26.5/E, 2.3/F, 7.5/G, 2.2/H}  \legend[shift={(0cm,-1.5cm)}]{{A}/A, {B}/B}  \legend[shift={(1.4cm,-1.5cm)}]{{C}/C, {D}/D}  \legend[shift={(2.8cm,-1.5cm)}]{{E}/E, {F}/F} \legend[shift={(4.2cm,-1.5cm)}]{{G}/G, {H}/H} \end{tikzpicture} \end{figure}  \end{document}   This looks quite the way I want it to, only the small numbers should be placed outside the pies.  Thanks in advance :) I have a StreamReader object that I initialized with a stream, now I want to save this stream to disk (the stream may be a .gif or .jpg or .pdf).  Existing Code:  StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(myOtherObject.InputStream);    I need to save this to disk (I have the filename). In the future I may want to store this to SQL Server.   I have the encoding type also, which I will need if I store it to SQL Server, correct? failed to create symbolic link ‘/usr/bin/utserver’: File exists I would like to delete, from the following figure:  the top circle, but without removing the black edge that separate the orange part from the gray part. The figure above has been obtained by the following code: \documentclass[border=0.2cm]{standalone}  % Required packages \usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor} \usepackage{tikz}   \begin{document} \begin{tikzpicture}[thick, set/.style = {circle,      minimum size = 3cm,      fill=black!30}]  % Set A \node[set,label={135:$A$}] (A) at (0,0) {};  % Set B \node[set,label={45:$B$}] (B) at (1.8,0) {};   % Intersection \begin{scope} \clip (0,0) circle(1.5cm); \clip (1.8,0) circle(1.5cm); \clip (0.9,1.5) circle(1.5cm); \fill[orange!60](0,0) circle(1.5cm); \end{scope}  % Circles outline \draw (0,0) circle(1.5cm); \draw (1.8,0) circle(1.5cm); \draw (0.9,1.5) circle(1.5cm);  \end{tikzpicture} \end{document}  A rough example of the desired result is: How exactly is Arda supposed to be an ancient Earth? As most Tolkien fans know, Arda (Tolkien's world) is supposed to be Earth in its past, and all its stories are supposed to have happened long ago on this very same planet. Of course, this is fiction, so this is not supposed to be actually true.  But, if one wanted to roll with it... how could it possibly make sense from a geographical standpoint? All maps of Middle Earth (before or after the destruction of Beleriand and Numenor) just don't match anything on Earth, even when considering continental drift.  Of course, one could simply say "the Valar reshaped it (again)", but not only this is a bit unsatisfactory, it also doesn't make much sense in context, as Valar are well known for not wanting to meddle with Arda unless absolutely needed, and even then, as little as possible.    Update:  Hey, please calm down, guys. Mine was not a rant at all. And I know perfectly well this is fiction (and I've stated it plainly). The sense of my question was: "If one wanted to follow this line of thought and assume Arda should be related to Earth as Tolkien said, then how could this relationship be explained?". Close and flag links do nothing on mobile site This morning (it's about six AM here) I find that I can no longer submit close votes; the link just jumps to the beginning of the page.  I'm on iOS, using a third-party browser called Grazing, but a brief check with Mobile Safari shows the same problem there.   Here on Meta, where my score is much lower, I only get a "delete" link on my own question, and that works fine. (Oops :-))   Update: As per comments, this affects the "flag" link, too, which doesn't even scroll to the top of the page. Update 2: Latest comment suggests this affects Android, too. Update 3: This also affects desktop computers when viewing mobile (when you click "mobile" in the footer) Update 4:  mentions Windows 8, too; simply deleting platform-specific tags Punctuation in an indirect quotation Necessary and Sufficient conditions for $(i \, j)$ and $(1 \, 2 \, \dotsc \, n)$ generate $S_n$. I have a homework question that asks     Find necessary and sufficient conditions on $1 \leq i &lt; j \leq n$ so that $(i \, j)$ and $(1 \, 2 \, \dotsc \, n)$ generate $S_n$.   Here is what I have done so far.  Call $c = (1 \, 2 \, \dotsc \, n)$.  I made the observation that $$ \overbrace{c c \dotsb c}^{n - j + 1} (i \, j) \overbrace{c^{-1} c^{-1} \dotsb c^{-1}}^{n - j + 1} = (1 + i - j + n \, 1). $$ Thus, $\langle (i \, j), c \rangle = \langle (1 \, i - j + n + 1), c \rangle$, so it suffices to look at $\langle (1 \, k), c \rangle$ for positive integers $2 \leq k \leq n$.  I've checked that, for the value $k=2$, $\langle (1 \, 2), c \rangle = S_n$.  This immediately implies $\langle (1 \, n), c \rangle = S_n$.  I suspect that no other values of $k$ will work, but am not sure how to prove it. How do I create a script file for terminal commands? I want to write a query like this:  SELECT o.OrderId, MAX(o.NegotiatedPrice, o.SuggestedPrice) FROM Order o   But this isn't how the MAX function works, right?  It is an aggregate function so it expects a single parameter and then returns the MAX of all rows.     Does anyone know how to do it my way? Connect Talend to Salesforce using OAuth JWT Flow I followed the steps exactly mentioned here  for connecting Talend to salesforce.  I have done the configuration in Talend and added the test(sandbox) URL in the advanced setting. I am facing an error while trying to establish the Oauth connection (JWT) between Talend ETL tool and salesforce: {'error':'invalid_grant','error_description':'invalid assertion'} Here is the screenshot of the configuration and error message:   Please help to resolve this issue. How did Draco apparate within Hogwarts? I 'had' better get going (Why 'had'??) Comma after a coordinating conjunction preceding a parenthetical at the start of the sentence What type of differential equation is $f'(x) = f(x/2)$ and how do you solve it? I have the following different equation $$f'(x) = f(x/2)$$ with $f(0)=10$. What type of DE is this, and how would you solve it? It seems $f(x)$ is likely to be some relative of $e^x$, since $f'(x) = f(x)$, which is close, but I don't even know what that type of DE is called with that $f(x/2)$ feature, so I'm not having any luck searching for a tutorial. The best candidate I've found was a &quot;delay differential equation&quot;, but that seems more suited to $f(x-3)$ than $f(x/2)$. How can I accept the Microsoft EULA agreement for ttf-mscorefonts-installer? After a recent update, ttf-mscorefonts-installer prompted me to accept its license agreement.     ┌─────────────────┤ Configuring ttf-mscorefonts-installer ├─────────────────┐  │                                                                           │   │ TrueType core fonts for the Web EULA                                          │                                                                               │ END-USER LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR MICROSOFT SOFTWARE                             │                                                                               │ IMPORTANT-READ CAREFULLY: This Microsoft End-User License Agreement           │ ("EULA") is a legal agreement between you (either an individual or a          │ single entity) and Microsoft Corporation for the Microsoft software           │ accompanying this EULA, which includes computer software and may include      │ associated media, printed materials, and "on-line" or electronic              │ documentation ("SOFTWARE PRODUCT" or "SOFTWARE"). By exercising your          │ rights to make and use copies of the SOFTWARE PRODUCT, you agree to be        │ bound by the terms of this EULA. If you do not agree to the terms of          │ this EULA, you may not use the SOFTWARE PRODUCT.                              │                                                                               │                                  &lt;Ok&gt;                                         │                                                                           │   └───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘    Screenshot:   For some reason my terminal will not allow me to accept, or for some reason I am pressing the wrong hotkey...  I've tried every letter on the keyboard and Enter among others...  I'm sure there is a very simple and obvious solution to this.  I've also just tried to remove the package completely however the terminal states that due to the package not being correctly installed, I should reinstall the package before removing it.  Very frustrating!  Essentially, because I cannot successfully install this package, I can't really ever upgrade my system because I always have to end up terminating the terminal with the license agreement (thus the upgrade fails). Apt/Synaptic needs to reinstall package but can't find the archive for it Running Synaptic I get the following error message:  E: The package hl1440lpr needs to be reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it. E: Internal error opening cache (1). Please report.   Upon accepting the message, Synaptic quits.