Basically this question is pertraining to a . The function shouldn't be returning True mathematically. But -7 as mentioned in the comment's return's True surprisingly. Can anyone explain why -7 specifically?  I'm using python 3.7.   def check(x):     if 1+x is x+1:         return False     if 2+x is not x+2:         return False     return True  check(-7) True
Why does the following behave unexpectedly in Python?  &gt;&gt;&gt; a = 256 &gt;&gt;&gt; b = 256 &gt;&gt;&gt; a is b True           # This is an expected result &gt;&gt;&gt; a = 257 &gt;&gt;&gt; b = 257 &gt;&gt;&gt; a is b False          # What happened here? Why is this False? &gt;&gt;&gt; 257 is 257 True           # Yet the literal numbers compare properly   I am using Python 2.5.2. Trying some different versions of Python, it appears that Python 2.3.3 shows the above behaviour between 99 and 100.  Based on the above, I can hypothesize that Python is internally implemented such that "small" integers are stored in a different way than larger integers and the is operator can tell the difference. Why the leaky abstraction? What is a better way of comparing two arbitrary objects to see whether they are the same when I don't know in advance whether they are numbers or not?
I understand that the Bernoulli effect is a flawed explanation for the cause of lift, and does not cause much at all, but how much?   Is there any experimental data on the force caused by the Bernoulli effect? Maybe implicitly through data of the pressure difference between the top and underside of an aeroplane's wings. After that, I assume I could (crudely approximating the pressure to be acting perpendicularly to the flight direction) use $\Delta P A$ to work out the net force on the plane.    Perhaps there is another way to quantitatively analyse the extent to which the Bernoulli effect causes lift.  Edit: see  short cartoon (content similar to Mike Dunlavey's answer). $f$ is entire and maps a rectangle to a rectangle, then $f$ is linear The problem is in the subject line, I have it for homework. $f$ is a complex valued function. For completeness:     Prove that if $f$ is an entire function and for some rectangle $R$, the image $f(R)$ is also a rectangle, then $f$ is linear.    The composition of linear maps is linear, so we can choose the two rectangles to have two edges coinciding with the real and imaginary axes, and their common vertex at the origin. So as a portion of the real line gets mapped to itself, we can take $f$ to be the analytic continuation of a real function. Then I'm stuck.  This question is confusing me. It's well known from the Riemann mapping theorem that there exists many holomorphic functions taking any rectangle to any other given rectangle. But if $f$ is linear, then the two rectangles must be similar. So the added restraint of $f$ being entire seems to be causing this hassle. Thoughts? Why is "chmod -R 777 /" destructive? This is a  about File Permission and Why 777 is "destructive".   I'm not asking how to fix this problem, as there are a ton of references of that already on Server Fault (reinstall OS). Why does it do anything destructive at all?  If you've ever ran this command you pretty much immediately destroy your operating system. I'm not clear why removing restrictions has any impact on existing processes. For example, if I don't have read access to something and after a quick mistype in the terminal suddenly I now have access well... why does that cause Linux to break? How can I install the Google Apps Package (Play Store, ...) on my Android device? Paging Lucene's search results I am using Lucene to show search results in a web application.I am also custom paging for showing the same. Search results could vary from 5000 to 10000 or more. Can someone please tell me the best strategy for paging and caching the search results? What is the official name for the "special" ASP.NET tags like this:  &lt;%# %&gt; &lt;%= %&gt; &lt;%@ %&gt; &lt;%$ %&gt;   I can't seem to figure out the conceptual or well known name for these, so I'm having trouble searching for more info.  As a bonus, can anyone give me a quick rundown of all of the possible "special tags" and what each one of them does (or point me to a resource)? Since I have an onboard Intel graphics card, and a ATI Radeon display controller, I was wondering if I could switch between the two as my graphics in use, as I could in 14.04 LTS through ATI Catalyst?  16.04 LTS is using the onboard, and the hardware listing lists ATI as well as display controler, but not in use. Additional drivers don't provide anything.   So is AMDGPU being used, or is ATI disabled?  lspci:  00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Broadwell-U Integrated Graphics (rev 09) 04:00.0 Display controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Venus XTX [Radeon HD 8890M / R9 M275X/M375X] (rev ff)   lspci -nnk | grep VGA -A1  00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation Broadwell-U Integrated Graphics [8086:1616] (rev 09)     Subsystem: Lenovo Broadwell-U Integrated Graphics [17aa:3824] Long-distance Mind Trick Why is ${x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ the same as $\sqrt x $? Why is ${x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ the same as $\sqrt x $?   I'm currently studying indices/exponents, and this is a law that I was told to accept without much proof or explanation, could someone explain the reasoning behind this.  Thank you. Edelstein Theorem Let $(M,d)$ be a compact metric space and $d(f(x),f(y)) &lt; d(x,y) $ for all $ x\neq y$ Prove that if $f$ is a continuous fuction then there is a unique $x_0 \in M $ such that $f(x_0)=x_0$ I know that since $g(x) = d((f(x),f(y))$ is continuous then a continuous function in a compact space reaches its maximum and minimum. Then by proving that the minimum of $g(x)$ = 0 can I conclude that $x_0$ is a fixed point? I want to write batch or something, that will write output of top into a file on login.  I did top &gt;&gt; output-file, but it contains some strange character!  Can somebody give a simple tutorial about how to write batch file in Linux? I am trying to render a kitchen sink / Faucet    Here is another reference image of what I want   What I have got so far is this   Settings for World:  I have used an environment map HDRI with 0 saturation.  Material settings:  Triad with glossy, glass anisotropic and there mix shader combinations and the new principled bsdf shader too but didn't get the required result.  Studio lights: Followed multiple youtube tutorials on setting up studio lights in blender but the results were not what I wanted.    LEAVING CYCLES :  Decided to try some other software So, Downloaded Keyshot 5 but keyshot wasn't able to produce cycles like results LoL.  Not : I have always struggled to get professional quality product rendering in cycles      So now I'm back in cycles looking for help. How is the classical twin paradox resolved? I read a lot about the classical twin paradox recently. What confuses me is that some authors claim that it can be resolved within , others say that you need . Now, what is true (and why)? What's this? What is it? but not What's it? - Why? Can anyone give a cogent, simply described explanation of why the verb BE in:  What is it?  ... doesn't seem to be able to be contracted with the subject:  What's it? *  Compare the sentences above with:  What's this? What's that?  These are perfectly fine. In fact, the contractions here should be expected in almost all examples of spoken English. Answers with references to authoritative vetted sources would be greatly appreciated. Capture characters from standard input without waiting for enter to be pressed creating a csv file from two csv files I have two csv files:  sub_compiler.to_csv('sub_compiler.csv') sub_compiler.head()     and   sub_opt = pd.read_csv('sub_opt.csv') sub_opt.head()     and what I would like to do is to create a csv file where I have something of the form   compiler, opt   How could I do this? I need to do this to make a submission.  Thank's in advance.  [EDIT] Thank you for the answers. Now I have obtained :    don't understand why I have the columns called unnamed.   My objective is to get a csv file that contains only the columns compiler and opt. How could I do this? Thank's again.  [EDIT 2] I have solved my problem but if I open the csv file manually, so just click on the file, I have the following:    s it contains only 11 lines, but it contains 3000 lines in jupyter. Is it there something wrong?  [EDIT 3] I tried to to the following:  import pandas as pd  test = pd.read_csv('1495927.csv') test   and I have:    where 1495927.csv is the csv file I have created and that is in the image where I have 11 elements. Swapping two variable value without using third variable What Happened to The Latex Symbols In the Libreoffice-Texmaths Equation Editor? I recently purged Libreoffice because it was buggy.  I then reinstalled the latest version from apt and now it's missing the symbols above the equation editor.  Here is the current Texmaths equation editor:   There used to be shortcuts for latex including frac{}{} and various set theory operations, as well as the binomial distribution on the top of the window.  What happened to them and how do I get them back? I just figured that they were in some package and installed all packages useing sudo apt install libreoffice*, but this didn't help after I refreshed the program.  EDIT 0: I'm using Kubuntu 19.04  sarah@LesserArk:~$ sudo apt-cache policy libreoffice-texmaths libreoffice-writer texlive libreoffice-texmaths:   Installed: 0.43-2   Candidate: 0.43-2   Version table:  *** 0.43-2 500         500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco/universe amd64 Packages         500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco/universe i386 Packages         100 /var/lib/dpkg/status libreoffice-writer:   Installed: 1:6.2.2-0ubuntu2   Candidate: 1:6.2.2-0ubuntu2   Version table:  *** 1:6.2.2-0ubuntu2 500         500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco/main amd64 Packages         100 /var/lib/dpkg/status texlive:   Installed: 2018.20190227-1   Candidate: 2018.20190227-1   Version table:  *** 2018.20190227-1 500         500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco/universe amd64 Packages         500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco/universe i386 Packages         100 /var/lib/dpkg/status Differences between Verb + to be + adjectives and Verb + adjective Cannot Delete Item "Could Not Find This Item" issue A friend sent a long a file (a .rar) he wanted me to check out for him before he installed it.  I downloaded it and unrared it with no problems, but it was full of .exe's instead of the intended contents (fonts) so I advised him to delete it immediately and not use.  I then proceeded to do the same, but the folder simply will not delete. Oddly the files went fine, and I never ran anything, but this is what I'm seeing:   Could not find this item  This is no longer located in C:\Users\This_User\Desktop. verify the item's location and try again.   I've tried the following things with no help:   Using "Unlocker" to Unlock and delete Using move on reboot and rebooting Using PendMoves (from sysinternals) and rebooting Elevating a cmd line, doing a dir /x to get the short name of the folder, and then del 'shortna~1' Moving the folder to a new folder and then trying to delete the parent folder   I'm on Windows 7 RTM, very fresh install. Any thoughts?  Update: Just to confirm, I've run Hijack this and half a dozen other malware detectors, and everything came back clean (no extra processes, no other obvious badness). Rebooting in safe mode didn't help either.