My system is Debian 8 (armv7l, a 32-bit processor). I can not understand why two script below are the same format but the second one return error.  root@abcxyz:~# date -s "2037-1-20" Tue Jan 20 00:00:00 JST 2037 root@abcxyz:~# date -s "2047-1-20" date: invalid date '2047-1-20'
I wrote a little bash script that made me stumble across the . I did not know about this problem before and I just dare on posting the --debug output I got from date when my script tried to calculate across this magic date (03:14:07 UTC on 19 January 2038).  date -d "20380119"  date: parsed number part: today/this/now date: input timezone: +01:00 (set from system default) date: warning: using midnight as starting time: 00:00:00 date: starting date/time: '(Y-M-D) 2038-01-19 00:00:00 TZ=+01:00' date: '(Y-M-D) 2038-01-19 00:00:00 TZ=+01:00' = 2147468400 epoch-seconds date: output timezone: +01:00 (set from system default) date: final: 2147468400.000000000 (epoch-seconds) date: final: (Y-M-D) 2038-01-18 23:00:00 (UTC0) date: final: (Y-M-D) 2038-01-19 00:00:00 (output timezone TZ=+01:00) Tue Jan 19 00:00:00 CET 2038   date -d "20380119 + 1 days"  date: parsed hybrid part: +1 day(s) date: input timezone: +01:00 (set from system default) date: warning: using midnight as starting time: 00:00:00 date: starting date/time: '(Y-M-D) 2038-01-19 00:00:00 TZ=+01:00' date: warning: when adding relative days, it is recommended to specify 12:00pm date: error: adding relative date resulted in an invalid date: '(Y-M-D) 2038-01-20 00:00:00 TZ=+01:00' date: invalid date '20380119 + 1 days'   date -d "20380120" --debug  date: parsed number part: today/this/now date: input timezone: +01:00 (set from system default) date: warning: using midnight as starting time: 00:00:00 date: error: invalid date/time value: date:     user provided time: '(Y-M-D) 2038-01-20 00:00:00 TZ=+01:00' date:        normalized time: '(Y-M-D) 2038-01-20 00:00:00 TZ=+01:00' date:  date:      possible reasons: date:        numeric values overflow; date:        missing timezone date: invalid date '20380120'   Is there any way to make GNU date calculate across this date? (on a LINUX 32 bit system)    Operating System: Debian GNU/Linux buster/sid             Kernel: Linux 4.12.0-2-686-pae       Architecture: x86
What's the best way to develop old, exposed film? A friend of mine just found 3 rolls of exposed 135 (i.e. 35mm) film. They are at least 10 years old. He'd like to know if it is even worth taking them to the local hour photo lab but also if he should give them any special instructions. How can I use text-processing tools to insert a new line after every N lines?  Example for N=2:  INPUT:   sadf asdf yxcv cxv eqrt asdf   OUTPUT:   sadf asdf  yxcv cxv  eqrt asdf One-dimensional [Noetherian] UFD is a PID Better yet, are there any Spacewalk-like software packages that work for both RedHat-based and Debian-based systems? Solder new RAM in a 2015 Retina MacBook Pro I know that the new rMBPs have no "user-serviceable" RAM. But is it possible to solder a new RAM chip onto a 2015 rMBP? Given that the technician doing this is able to install the new chip without damaging anything, would it work? Where does the energy for osmosis come from? A thought experiment:     A U-shaped tube with semi-permeable membrane at the base. The tube is completely thermally isolated from its surroundings. The liquid (solvent) is at some temperature $T$. When solute is added to one side of the tube the fluid level on that side rises until the increased pressure due to gravity ($\rho gh$) equals the osmotic pressure.   If I understand correctly, osmotic pressure could be used to do work (i.e. lift a weight as the solvent level in one side of U-shaped tube increases). Where does this energy come from? I guess it must be from the internal energy of the fluid.  At this point has the temperature of the fluid decreased?? If so, has it decreased by exactly the work done against gravity divided by the specific heat of the fluid? What does the quantitative treatment of this problem look like? Is there a "best practice" or standard to make a few iptables rules permanent? I mean: automatically applied upon a system reboot?  I am using a VPS with Ubuntu Server 10.04 LTS (Lucid Lynx).  Thank you.  BIG EDIT: I don't want ANY rule to be persisted (like iptables-persistent package does). I want only my own specific set to be reloaded... if other rules are eventually added by running iptables, these should be discarded... Old Budrys(?) end-of-world/alien invasion of NYC story This one, from the late 1950s or early 60s (I think), features the last girl in NYC, who drives her jeep up the stairs of the main library (with the lions). She feels bad about breaking the lock, but what's a girl to do, if she wants something to read? In summertime, she drives topless and, the author writes, her bosom dances enchantingly on the steps. She lives in the boathouse on the lake in Central Park. Mysterious insect-like aliens are eating the buildings in the City.... I didn't recognize a title in Budrys or Bester's isfdb bibliogs, so I may be wrong about the author. But not about the story details: it's a memorable one. Thanks in advance for helping ID this one! Hybrids are fairly common in Star Trek:  is half Vulcan,  is half Betazoid,  is half Klingon and, just for good measure,  is ¼ Romulan.  However, in all of these cases that I can think of, the other half is always human.  Are there any non-human hybrid characters? Especially ones that are recurring or at least the focus of an episode?  If not, is there an out-of-universe explanation for their absence/rarity/scarcity? From a fandom point of view, I can’t imagine a half-Klingon half-Vulcan might not make for an interesting story, for example. I have two checkboxes in a lightning component, when we click on the first checkbox it marks true to the other checkbox, it works well only with the UI tags but doesn't work when I convert it to lightning tag  &lt;ui:inputCheckbox aura:id="box3" change="{!c.selectAll}"/&gt;  &lt;ui:inputCheckbox aura:id="boxPack" value=""                                                          change="{!c.checkboxSelect}"/&gt;   below are the lightning tags  &lt;lightning:input type="checkbox" aura:id="box3" onclick="{!c.selectAll}"/&gt;  &lt;lightning:input type="checkbox" aura:id="boxPack" value=""                                                          onclick="{!c.checkboxSelect}"/&gt;   controller  checkboxSelect: function(component, event, helper) {         // get the selected checkbox value           var selectedRec = event.getSource().get("v.value");         // get the selectedCount attrbute value(default is 0) for add/less numbers.          var getSelectedNumber = component.get("v.selectedCount");         // check, if selected checkbox value is true then increment getSelectedNumber with 1          // else Decrement the getSelectedNumber with 1              if (selectedRec == true) {             getSelectedNumber++;         } else {             getSelectedNumber--;         }         // set the actual value on selectedCount attribute to show on header part.          component.set("v.selectedCount", getSelectedNumber);     },      selectAll: function(component, event, helper) {         //get the header checkbox value           var selectedHeaderCheck = event.getSource().get("v.value");         // get all checkbox on table with "boxPack" aura id (all iterate value have same Id)         // return the List of all checkboxs element          var getAllId = component.find("boxPack");         // If the local ID is unique[in single record case], find() returns the component. not array            if(! Array.isArray(getAllId)){             if(selectedHeaderCheck == true){                  console.log('true');                 component.find("boxPack").set("v.value", true);                 component.set("v.selectedCount", 1);             }else{                 component.find("boxPack").set("v.value", false);                 component.set("v.selectedCount", 0);             }         }else{             // check if select all (header checkbox) is true then true all checkboxes on table in a for loop               // and set the all selected checkbox length in selectedCount attribute.             // if value is false then make all checkboxes false in else part with play for loop              // and select count as 0              if (selectedHeaderCheck == true) {                 for (var i = 0; i &lt; getAllId.length; i++) {                     component.find("boxPack")[i].set("v.value", true);                     component.set("v.selectedCount", getAllId.length);                 }             } else {                 for (var i = 0; i &lt; getAllId.length; i++) {                     component.find("boxPack")[i].set("v.value", false);                     component.set("v.selectedCount", 0);                 }             }          }        }, Rich Wizards, Poor Muggles Why, oh why, don't the Weasleys "conjure" up some diamonds/gold/etc, sell 'em to Muggles, and get rich? They could buy a mansion (like the Malfoys), and live there happily ever after.  I know there's  that prohibits one from conjuring food (which doesn't make much sense to me, either). Even if it applied to gold, what about all the other elements/compounds/materials? Could the law really be 'don't let a wizard conjure something if it'll make them richer'? That's totally nonsensical.  Why does Wizard society still have poor people, especially if they're talented? (exercise from Tao's analysis book) Proof of a lemma relating to power set of X I'm stuck at one exercise from chapter of sets from Terence Tao's analysis book. I need to proof the lemma:  Lemma: Let $X$ be a set. Then the set $\{Y : Y \:\text{is a subset of}\: X\}$ is a set.  Note: The set $\{Y : Y \:\text{is a subset of}\: X\}$ is known as the power set of $X$, defined as  $2^X $  I can understand why the lemma is true, but I have no clue how to prove it. Furthermore, the author gave a hint that I found very confusing, it follows:  Hint: start with the set $\{0, 1\}^X$ and apply the replacement axiom, replacing each function $f$ with the object $f^{-1}(\{1\})$. How to set up beamer to grey out past items but hide future items? The actual period of a pendulum at 90°. Looking for the correct formula Do you have access to any scientific experiment which gives the period of a pendulum when the angle is $90^\circ$:     says $T$ varies to about $18\%$ up to $90^\circ,$ so for a seconds pendulum the complete period would be roughly $2.36.$    I d'like to know the ratio at $90^\circ$ with a good approximation, and the span it can vary in relation to air friction, if the bob  is not massive.  Also, I'd like to know the max. speed of the bob at $P_0$ and how it compares with the speed of same ball sliding without friction on a circular surface, would it be the same?      What I am trying to understand here is rather complex, I'll try to explain:  If the block is placed on an air-track or other frictionless surface, the block would acquire a certain speed, momentum and KE in the opposite direction, right? same amount of momentum is lost by the bob and we can find speed loss.    Isn't the same amount of speed lost by the bob when it is attached to a pendulum?  Is this an important factor or may be the most important factor (more relevant than air friction or friction at the pivot) for the increase of the period when the angle is greater than $30^\circ$?  I figured out that this factor can account for about one third of the $18\%$ increase, can you give a more accurate value?   What I am suggesting is that this (loss of horizontal momentum, which is made clear when the bob is not attached to a rod but slides on a block) is the most important factor that makes the actual period increase when the starting point deviates on the vertical direction. What is the relation between electromagnetic wave and photon? My disk already has 4 primary partitions, how can I install Ubuntu? I would like to install Ubuntu alongside Windows 7 on a HP G62 Notebook. Although I have installed  Ubuntu in a dual-boot many times before, I found out that this model has already four partitions.    Partitions:   SYSTEM (NTFS, 199MB, used 66.59MB) Partition without any tag: NTFS (579GM, used 129GB)  RECOVERY (NTFS 16.74 GB, used 2.42GB)  HP_TOOLS (FAT32, 103.34 MB, used 13.23MB)   Since I am not an expert with partitions I would like to get advice on how to do this.  My first idea is this one:   Free some space from /dev/sda2 (I don't know if could also free some other space) delete the HP_Tools partition (I have already created a backup) create an extended partition with the free space in #1 containing three parititions: swap (1gb); / (EXT4, 30GB);  /home (EXT4, 120GB)   Another option is to use wubi instead.  What do you think? Is there any other way to achieve this?  PS: I really think this HP policy of using 4 partitions is not a coincidence  PS: I tried using gparted from the live CD and I got a warning message saying that if I freed some space from /dev/sda2 I could create serious issues in the system Uncountable well ordered set in $Z^-$ theory. I want to build an uncountable well-ordered set within the theory $Z^\textbf-$. So, I take $A=\omega$ (exists by infinity axiom) and define $$W:=\{(X,R)\in\mathcal{P}(A)\times\mathcal{P}(A\times A):\langle X,R\rangle\ \text{is a well-ordered set}\}$$  With this I consider the set $T:=W/\cong$ (where $\cong$ is isomorphism relation). Note that $W$ and $T$ are sets by power set axiom. So I define for each equivalence class $[x],[y]\in T$ the order  $$ [x]\leq_T[y]\Leftrightarrow \text{type}(x, R_x)\leq \text{type}(y,R_y) $$  Here, $R_x$ means the order of $x$ that make it belongs to $[x]$.   So, $T$ is well ordered by $\leq_T$ and it is uncountable.  Question: I don't pretty sure if I can build $\leq_ T$ without replacement axiom. Another doubt is, Can I take the $R_x$ without AC? How do I emphasize role-playing during combat? Right now, the group that I GM for is very, very tactical-combat focused. To some extent, we may as well be playing a dungeon crawl board game for all the role-play we manage.  Now, in and of itself that's not bad, and I enjoy progressing the story that we're telling, but I would like more "theatre of the mind" than we're achieving right now.  The one bit of advice that I always seem to come across is to have the villains and other NPCs in the fight invite role-play by taunting and otherwise engaging in banter with the PCs, but unfortunately I've tried and failed at that - largely because quick witted banter is not my forte, and so it comes across as strained and less than engaging.  What I would like are other play-proven tactics that I as a GM can employ to lead my players towards more role-play during combat, without taking them away from their (and my) roll-play comfort zone. Two  have been announced in LoL.  They have an ability that makes them be able to recall together.                                  What are the limits to this ability? Can the 'non-recaller' jump in at the last second and get some kind of instant recall?  Can somebody with the setup to get on PBE test it and tell us what are the limitations of this ability? Donating winning lottery ticket to 501(c)3 Private Foundation: cost-basis deduction + full tax free redemption for foundation? US 501(c)3 Private Foundations are typically controlled by the primary donator, so that is a nice perk, but in exchange for that perk I realize the tax deductions for donating are significantly lowered than for charities. Aside from being lower, the tax code doesn't recognize appreciated property and only allows for a deduction based on the donating taxpayer's cost-basis: ie. the price they paid for the property no matter its current market value.  When there is a significant delta of price paid vs current redeemable value, it seems this can still be a perk for the donating taxpayer in some circumstances, such as with lottery tickets that are known winners already.  If the donating taxpayer pays $1 for the ticket. Their cost basis is $1. If the ticket is now worth $100,000,000 but has not been redeemed, is it accurate that the donating taxpayer can donate this to their private foundation for a deduction at cost basis, and the private foundation can redeem the $100,000,000 ticket completely exempt from all lottery withholding income taxes?   (Other taxes unique to private foundations are known and outside the scope of this question.)  Most literature I can find is about appreciated marketable securities, and occasionally real estate. It doesn't seem that the tax code specifies any distinction between property, but it also doesn't seem the answer to this question is part of the general collective conscious even if it really is that obvious if my understanding is already correct.