I'm having some troubles installing applications, e.g. jdk, anaconda, IDE and everything else in my Ubuntu.  After I download these programs from the website in tar.gz format, when I extract these files, they are still in the Downloads directory.  Some of the files downloaded from Ubuntu Software or apt-get are automatically installed and well distributed in directories owned by root, not my user, e.g. npm downloaded from apt-get is in /usr/bin/.  But if I download just like in Windows, directly through the official site (like Oracle, JetBrains, Anaconda) they remain in the Downloads directory even after I extract and install.  How can I download applications on system-level (or root-level, not user) and make them properly-distributed?
How can I install applications like Google Chrome on Ubuntu?  Are there any commands to install an application?    Index of answers:
Listing, zebra effect and broken lines In , I've found one solution to produce a zebra effect for listing. Unfortunately, this only works if the lines are not broken. Is there a way to fix this?  Here is a code with an example showing the problem:  \documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}     \usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}     \usepackage{ucs}     \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}     \usepackage{lmodern}     \usepackage[frenchb]{babel}     \usepackage[x11names, svgnames]{xcolor}     \usepackage{graphicx}     \usepackage{listings}     \usepackage{amsfonts}     \usepackage{amssymb}      \makeatletter         % Patch line number key to call line background macro         \lst@Key{numbers}{none}{%             \def\lst@PlaceNumber{\lst@linebgrd}%             \lstKV@SwitchCases{#1}%             {none&amp;\\%              left&amp;\def\lst@PlaceNumber{\llap{\normalfont                         \lst@numberstyle{\thelstnumber}\kern\lst@numbersep}\lst@linebgrd}\\%              right&amp;\def\lst@PlaceNumber{\rlap{\normalfont                         \kern\linewidth \kern\lst@numbersep                         \lst@numberstyle{\thelstnumber}}\lst@linebgrd}%             }{\PackageError{Listings}{Numbers #1 unknown}\@ehc}}          % New keys         \lst@Key{linebackgroundcolor}{}{%             \def\lst@linebgrdcolor{#1}%         }         \lst@Key{linebackgroundsep}{0pt}{%             \def\lst@linebgrdsep{#1}%         }         \lst@Key{linebackgroundwidth}{\linewidth}{%             \def\lst@linebgrdwidth{#1}%         }         \lst@Key{linebackgroundheight}{\ht\strutbox}{%             \def\lst@linebgrdheight{#1}%         }         \lst@Key{linebackgrounddepth}{\dp\strutbox}{%             \def\lst@linebgrddepth{#1}%         }         \lst@Key{linebackgroundcmd}{\color@block}{%             \def\lst@linebgrdcmd{#1}%         }           % Line Background macro         \newcommand{\lst@linebgrd}{%             \ifx\lst@linebgrdcolor\empty\else             \rlap{%                 \lst@basicstyle                 \color{-.}% By default use the opposite (`-`) of the current color (`.`) as background                 \lst@linebgrdcolor{%                 \kern-\dimexpr\lst@linebgrdsep\relax%                 \lst@linebgrdcmd{\lst@linebgrdwidth}{\lst@linebgrdheight}{\lst@linebgrddepth}%                 }%             }%             \fi         }     \makeatother      \lstset{ %    * Number for lines         numbers=left,                   % Where to put the line-numbers         numberstyle=\footnotesize,      % Size of the fonts used for the line-numbers         stepnumber=1,                   % Step between two numbers         numbersep=5pt,                  % How far the line-numbers are from the code % %    * Back returns for long lines         breaklines=true,                % Sets automatic line breaking         breakatwhitespace=false,        % Automatic breaks only happen at whitespace ?         breakindent=0pt,                % Space before the text of a break         postbreak=\mbox{                % Character used at the begining of a break             \rotatebox[y=0.9ex]{180}{\color{Red} $\Lsh$}%         },     }  \begin{document}  \begin{lstlisting}[language=Python,linebackgroundcolor={\ifodd\value{lstnumber}\color{gray}\fi}] for i in range(5): for i in range(5): for i in range(5): for i in range(5): for i in range(5): for i in range(5):     sum += i**3 print sum  print('Fin de la boucle...') \end{lstlisting}  \end{document} How do you join or create a server in multiplayer? What's the easiest way to set up a LAMP stack? Why doesn't Java allow to throw a checked exception from static initialization block? Does there exist a matrix $\mathbf{A}\in\mathbb{R}^{3\times3}$ such that $\mathbf{A}^{2}=-\mathbf{I}$? Is it possible for a matrix $\mathbf{A}\in\mathbb{R}^{3\times3}$,  $$\mathbf{A}^2=-\mathbf{I}$$  I know that It is possible for $2\times2$ matrix, but is it possible for $3\times3$ matrix ? Some time ago I closed my front door (rather forcefully) while the deadbolt was sticking out partially.  This loosened the deadbolt, and the top screw no longer held. In addition, it cracked the door on the interior side. I've attached a picture showing the damage.   The door works mainly, though it can be difficult to lock sometimes, especially when the weather gets colder.  I'm currently renting, and will soon be moving out of this house, once I buy a house. I would like to repair this door myself, and I'm hoping I don't have to replace the entire door.  Is this something that can be repaired? If so, how? I realize that a new deadbolt is probably needed, but how can I repair the wood damage around it? I'm not sure how to prove these basic theorems in propositional calculus. Instead of using the standard axioms, we're supposed to use:   Deduction Theorem (if $\Phi, \alpha \vdash \beta$ then $\Phi \vdash \alpha \to \beta$),  Reductio (if $\Phi, \alpha \vdash \, $, then $\Phi \vdash \lnot \alpha$), Cut Rule (if $\Phi \vdash \alpha$ and $\Psi, \alpha \vdash \beta$ then $\Phi \cup \Psi \vdash \beta$),  Inconsistency Effect (if $\Phi \vdash \, $, then $\Phi \vdash \beta$ for every formula $\beta$), and  the Principle of Indirect Proof (if $\Phi, \lnot \alpha \vdash \, $, then $\Phi \vdash \alpha$),    as all the axioms can be deduced using these theorems.  I don't really know how to start the proofs without using the axioms:  i) prove that $\lnot(\alpha \to \beta) ⊢ \alpha$  ii) prove that $\lnot\alpha \vdash \alpha \to \beta$  Any suggestions on how to start these proofs or any insight at all would be greatly appreciated!  Thanks! Why won't Blender run on Windows XP? I downloaded Blender 64 bit and the OS indicated that the program was not compatible with my computer chip. I then downloaded the 32 bit version which seemed to allow me to install. However the blender Icon in windows when pressed informs me that the program is not a window application. I have an Intel(R) Core (TM)2 Duo CPU E7300 @2.66Ghz if that is important and I am running XP. I am fairly sure I am doing something wrong here- can anyone help please? From the top of my head, Danish "De" (practically never used), German "Sie", Chinese "您", French "vous", Spanish "usted" are a formal way of addressing someone, especially if one isn't familiar with the addressee. Did English ever have this? It sounds as though Proto-Indo-European might have had this (based on my 4 examples), but perhaps someone can enlighten me? LEFT JOIN vs. LEFT OUTER JOIN in SQL Server What is the difference between LEFT JOIN and LEFT OUTER JOIN? When to delete your 0 vote answers? I've been in the SO community a little over a month now - and having a great time!  As I grow into a contributing citizen of stackoverflow, i'd like to ensure that i'm being responsible with my answers.   I've answered a few questions, some without upvotes, some voted on and some accepted.  I feel that after a certain period of time, 0 vote answers are probably providing more clutter than value.  Apparently, nobody has found them useful, so they probably aren't (or are poorly written). Tonight I went through and deleted my answers with 0 upvotes where some answer was accepted.  That was an easy decision.   I left my 0 vote answers where nothing was accepted yet, well, because I think they could provide the information that the OP requested.  But at some point, I think my answers might just be cluttering the issue.  So my question to you is: How do you know when it's time to delete your 0 vote answers?  Or even 1 vote answers for that matter? This is NOT an installation problem question. I've had both op sys working fine side-by-side for a couple of weeks now. I'm using Ubunutu 12.04 64-bit.  This morning when I tried to switch from Win8 to Ubuntu, it just rebooted into Win8. No grub screen whatsoever. This is the 3rd machine I've had dual-booting &amp; have never seen this, but then Win8 is a 1st for me &amp; has thrown some pretty awesome blocks in the path to get to here. Atrocious op sys...  I'm assuming the ASUS updater did this yesterday. (ASUS R503U)  So, do I just put the Ubuntu disk in &amp; reinstall grub? I have a large set of data points of the form (mean, stdev). I wish to reduce this to a single (better) mean, and a (hopefully) smaller standard deviation.  Clearly I could simply compute $\frac{\sum data_{mean}}{N}$, however this does not take in to account the fact that some of the data points are significantly more accurate than others.  To put it simply, I wish to preform a weighted average of these data points, but do not know what the weighting function should be in terms of the standard deviation. What is the most bizarre thing you have seen done with TeX I think the questions says it all! :)  By TeX, I mean any derivative of TeX as long as the code is clearly a derivative of TeX, i.e. that it could belong on TeX.SX (and not pure Lua for example).  I'll give two answers myself so you see what I mean. How can I attach a file to a question? possible to access custom labels dynamically? Do you use "a" or "an" before acronyms / initialisms? 99% of the time, I'm clear on when I should use "a" versus "an." There's one case, though, where people &amp; references I respect disagree.  Which of the following would you precede with "a" or "an," and why?   FAQ FUBAR SCUBA   [Note: I've read the questions  and , but the rules given there don't necessarily apply here.]    [Edited to add]  Here's a shorter (and hopefully clearer) version of the question…  In written English, which is correct (and why): "a FAQ" or "an FAQ"?  Some references with differing opinions:   an: the  and  a: the Microsoft Manual of Style for Tech Publications, 3e either: the  and Multiple Sub Query using child parent relationship Consider in my basket, I have a package (Main Product-just a holder) which will have 2 standalone products (child) and again the standalone products will have child products (Grand Parent). All these products are from same object called Product Configuration.   We have a child relationship to itself(Parent Configuration) using a custom lookup field. The problem here is, I could only fetch details only up to 1 level (i.e.,package and child details) and I was not able to drill deeper to grand child products.  Query I used to get 1 level of relation ships is below:  SELECT id, name, Access_Type__c, Circuit_Bandwidth_Value__c, QuoteType__c,     Upstream_Speed_Value__c, IP_Address_Type__c, Care_Level__c, Base_Plan_Value__c, Site_Address__c,      cscfga__Quantity__c, Quantity_of_Ip_Address__c, cscfga__Contract_Term__c, Connection_Price__c,      Monthly_Rental_Conga__c, Total_Annual_Rental__c,      (         SELECT id, name,cscfga__Product_Family__c,Upstream_Speed_Value__c, cscfga__Quantity__c, Quantity_of_Ip_Address__c,              Connection_Price__c, Monthly_Rental_Conga__c,cscfga__Parent_Configuration__r.Circuit_Bandwidth_Value__c,Circuit_Bandwidth_Value__c          FROM cscfga__Related_Configurations__r         WHERE cscfga__Parent_Configuration__c &lt;&gt; ''          ORDER BY name     )  FROM cscfga__Product_Configuration__c  WHERE cscfga__Product_Basket__r.cscfga__Opportunity__c='{pv0}'      AND cscfga__Product_Basket__r.csordtelcoa__Synchronised_with_Opportunity__c=True     AND cscfga__Parent_Configuration__c = ''  ORDER BY name   Not sure how to write another sub query to get grand child details. When I tried the below query:  SELECT id, name, Access_Type__c, Circuit_Bandwidth_Value__c, QuoteType__c, Upstream_Speed_Value__c,      IP_Address_Type__c, Care_Level__c, Base_Plan_Value__c, Site_Address__c, cscfga__Quantity__c,      Quantity_of_Ip_Address__c, cscfga__Contract_Term__c, Connection_Price__c,      Monthly_Rental_Conga__c, Total_Annual_Rental__c,     (         SELECT id, name, cscfga__Product_Family__c, Upstream_Speed_Value__c, cscfga__Quantity__c,              Quantity_of_Ip_Address__c, Connection_Price__c, Monthly_Rental_Conga__c, cscfga__Parent_Configuration__r.Circuit_Bandwidth_Value__c, Circuit_Bandwidth_Value__c,         FROM cscfga__Related_Configurations__r         WHERE cscfga__Parent_Configuration__c &lt;&gt; ''          ORDER BY name     ),     (         SELECT id, name, cscfga__Product_Family__c          FROM cscfga__Related_Configurations__r         WHERE cscfga__Parent_Configuration__c &lt;&gt; ''          ORDER BY name     ) FROM cscfga__Product_Configuration__c  WHERE cscfga__Product_Basket__r.cscfga__Opportunity__c='0066E000002Xrr0'      AND cscfga__Product_Basket__r.csordtelcoa__Synchronised_with_Opportunity__c=True      AND cscfga__Parent_Configuration__c = ''  ORDER BY name   I got below error:     MALFORMED_QUERY:  from cscfga__Related_Configurations__r ^ ERROR at   Row:6:Column:6 Cannot follow the same aggregate relationship twice:   cscfga__Related_Configurations__r   Can someone please help here. Note: I am executing these queries in Workbench. How can I comment out a block of text in texmaker? I use texmaker and some time ago I found, by chance, a way to comment many lines at once, but I can't remember it now. Can somebody remind me of that? Prove that for any $x_0 \in X$ and any $r&gt;0$, the open ball $B_r(x_o)$ is open.   My attempt: Let $y\in B_r(x_0)$. By definition, $d(y,x_0)&lt;r$. I want to show there exists an $r_1\in\mathbb{R^+}$ s.t. $B_{r_{1}}(y)\subseteq B_r(x_0)$. Let $a\in B_{r_{1}}(y)$. Then, $d(a,y)&lt;r_1$. For $a\in B_{r}(x_0)$, $d(a,x_0)&lt;r$. I want to show $d(a,y)&lt;r_1$ implies $d(a,x_0)&lt;r$. By triangle inequality, $d(a,y)\leq d(a,x_0) + d(y,x_0) \rightarrow$  $d(a,y)&lt;r_1\leq d(a,x_0)+d(y,x_0)&lt;2r...$  I'm a little stuck after this point.