My aim is to include a local geojson file in my Leaflet map application using  , as suggested by  earlier answer. In my root directory, I have:  index.html entire contents of  leaflet.ajax.min.js containing the contents of the source file on  bb4326.geojson containing 4 point features in EPSG4326  Index.html looks like: &lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt; &lt;html&gt; &lt;head&gt;     &lt;title&gt;Hey up here!&lt;/title&gt;     &lt;meta charset=&quot;utf-8&quot; /&gt;     &lt;meta name=&quot;viewport&quot; content=&quot;width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0&quot;&gt;     &lt;link rel=&quot;shortcut icon&quot; type=&quot;image/x-icon&quot; href=&quot;docs/images/favicon.ico&quot; /&gt;     &lt;link rel=&quot;stylesheet&quot; href=&quot;https://unpkg.com/leaflet@1.7.1/dist/leaflet.css&quot; integrity=&quot;sha512-xodZBNTC5n17Xt2atTPuE1HxjVMSvLVW9ocqUKLsCC5CXdbqCmblAshOMAS6/keqq/sMZMZ19scR4PsZChSR7A==&quot; crossorigin=&quot;&quot;/&gt;           &lt;script src=&quot;leaflet.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;         &lt;script src=&quot;leaflet.ajax.min.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;  &lt;/head&gt; &lt;body&gt;  &lt;div id=&quot;mapid&quot; style=&quot;width: 600px; height: 400px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;script&gt;      var mymap = L.map('mapid', {center: [52.47, -1.89], zoom: 13});      L.tileLayer('https://api.mapbox.com/styles/v1/{id}/tiles/{z}/{x}/{y}?access_token=pk.eyJ1IjoibWFwYm94IiwiYSI6ImNpejY4NXVycTA2emYycXBndHRqcmZ3N3gifQ.rJcFIG214AriISLbB6B5aw', {         maxZoom: 18,         attribution: 'Map data &amp;copy; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright&quot;&gt;OpenStreetMap&lt;/a&gt; contributors, ' +             'Imagery © &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mapbox.com/&quot;&gt;Mapbox&lt;/a&gt;',         id: 'mapbox/streets-v11',         tileSize: 512,         zoomOffset: -1     }).addTo(mymap);      var geojsonLayer = new L.GeoJSON.AJAX(&quot;bb4326.geojson&quot;);            geojsonLayer.addTo(mymap);  &lt;/script&gt; &lt;/body&gt; &lt;/html&gt;  Opening index.html in a browser results in the basemap at the requested location and zoom-level, but the geojson file contents are not displayed. What am I overlooking? I thought that the ajax.min.js script ought to load the dataset for me? bb4326.geojson was created by exporting a Shapefile to GeoJSON in QGIS and looks like: { &quot;type&quot;: &quot;FeatureCollection&quot;, &quot;name&quot;: &quot;bb4326&quot;, &quot;crs&quot;: { &quot;type&quot;: &quot;name&quot;, &quot;properties&quot;: { &quot;name&quot;: &quot;urn:ogc:def:crs:OGC:1.3:CRS84&quot; } }, &quot;features&quot;: [ { &quot;type&quot;: &quot;Feature&quot;, &quot;properties&quot;: { &quot;id&quot;: 1, &quot;cat&quot;: &quot;A&quot; }, &quot;geometry&quot;: { &quot;type&quot;: &quot;Point&quot;, &quot;coordinates&quot;: [ -1.903211081088789, 52.483536707820782 ] } }, { &quot;type&quot;: &quot;Feature&quot;, &quot;properties&quot;: { &quot;id&quot;: 2, &quot;cat&quot;: &quot;A&quot; }, &quot;geometry&quot;: { &quot;type&quot;: &quot;Point&quot;, &quot;coordinates&quot;: [ -1.569431757803851, 55.041100936161001 ] } }, { &quot;type&quot;: &quot;Feature&quot;, &quot;properties&quot;: { &quot;id&quot;: 3, &quot;cat&quot;: &quot;B&quot; }, &quot;geometry&quot;: { &quot;type&quot;: &quot;Point&quot;, &quot;coordinates&quot;: [ -0.164490580870734, 51.446934150191545 ] } }, { &quot;type&quot;: &quot;Feature&quot;, &quot;properties&quot;: { &quot;id&quot;: 4, &quot;cat&quot;: &quot;C&quot; }, &quot;geometry&quot;: { &quot;type&quot;: &quot;Point&quot;, &quot;coordinates&quot;: [ -3.239562634800648, 51.514642158718445 ] } } ] }
I'm a beginner in Leaflet and I need help to deal with GeoJSON files.  I succeeded in creating a Leaflet basemap. I can add markers without troubles but I cannot manage to show a GeoJSON layer.  Here is the code I picked up from Leaflet Tutorials website  :  var geojsonFeature = {     "type": "Feature",     "properties": {         "name": "Coors Field",         "amenity": "Baseball Stadium",         "popupContent": "This is where the Rockies play!"     },     "geometry": {         "type": "Point",         "coordinates": [-104.99404, 39.75621]     } }; L.geoJSON(geojsonFeature).addTo(map);   Unfortunatly, the GeoJSON does not appear in my map.   Can you tell me where I missed something ?    Alright, you're fine Francisco, this part was OK. I changed the whole script and it works !  However, would you know how to load a GeoJSON from an external source ?  I tried this :   var geojsonLayer = new L.GeoJSON.AJAX("foo.geojson");        geojsonLayer.addTo(map);   from   but this definitely does not work.  Any ideas ?    I am not skilled enough to understand your advice.  Here is the whole code I am using to create my map :  &lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt; &lt;html&gt; &lt;head&gt; &lt;title&gt;data&lt;/title&gt; &lt;meta charset="UTF-8"&gt; &lt;link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/leaflet@1.0.3/dist/leaflet.css" /&gt; &lt;script src="https://unpkg.com/leaflet@1.0.3/dist/leaflet.js"&gt;&lt;/script&gt; &lt;script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.1.min.js"&gt;&lt;/script&gt;   &lt;script type="text/javascript" src="http://maps.stamen.com/js/tile.stamen.js?v1.3.0"&gt;&lt;/script&gt; &lt;script src="/js/leaflet-0.7.2/leaflet.ajax.min.js"&gt;&lt;/script&gt; &lt;script src="htdocs/webmap101/leaflet.ajax.min.js" type="text/javascript" &gt;&lt;/script&gt; &lt;style&gt;    #map {width: 960px; height:700px;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;/head&gt; &lt;body&gt;   &lt;div id="map"&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;script&gt;   // create map var lat = 44.933331; var lon = 4.9;  var map = L.map('map',{center: [lat,lon],zoom: 6});   // basemaps var base = L.tileLayer('http://{s}.tile.osm.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png',   {attribution: '© &lt;a href="http://osm.org/copyright"&gt;OpenStreetMap&lt;/a&gt; contributors'  }); var toner = new L.StamenTileLayer("toner"); var watercolor = new L.StamenTileLayer("watercolor"); var landscape = L.tileLayer('https://tile.thunderforest.com/landscape/{z}/{x}/{y}.png'); base.addTo(map);   // markers  var mark1=L.marker([lat,lon]) mark1.addTo(map)    // layers panel  L.control.layers({"base": base, "water": watercolor, "toner": toner , "landscape" : landscape}).addTo(map);    // geojson files var geojsonFeature = {     "type": "Feature",     "properties": {         "name": "Coors Field",         "amenity": "Baseball Stadium",         "popupContent": "This is where the Rockies play!"     },     "geometry": {         "type": "Point",         "coordinates": [-104.99404, 39.75621]     } }; L.geoJSON(geojsonFeature).addTo(map);    //ajax  var geojsonLayer = new L.GeoJSON.AJAX("foo.geojson");        geojsonLayer.addTo(map);  &lt;/script&gt; &lt;/body&gt; &lt;/html&gt;   I know it's a bit messy but this is actually my very first HTML script... I guess I did not include in a proper way the AJAX library.    Actually, I just want a solution to replace the lines where I create the GeoJSON by something that tells javascript to load the GeoJSON stored locally in my folder. This :  var geojsonFeature = {     "type": "Feature",     "properties": {         "name": "Coors Field",         "amenity": "Baseball Stadium",         "popupContent": "This is where the Rockies play!"     },     "geometry": {         "type": "Point",         "coordinates": [-104.99404, 39.75621]     } };   should be transformed into something like (I don't know if it exists) :  var geojsonFeature = [foo.geosjon]   where "foo.geosjson" is a file like :  { "type": "FeatureCollection", "name": "abies", "crs": { "type": "name", "properties": { "name": "urn:ogc:def:crs:OGC:1.3:CRS84" } }, "features": [ { "type": "Feature"
Interpreting coefficient in a linear regression model with categorical variables I will give my examples with R calls. First a simple example of a linear regression with a dependent variable 'lifespan', and two continuous explanatory variables.  data.frame(height=runif(4000,160,200))-&gt;human.life human.life$weight=runif(4000,50,120) human.life$lifespan=sample(45:90,4000,replace=TRUE) summary(lm(lifespan~1+height+weight,data=human.life))  Call: lm(formula = lifespan ~ 1 + height + weight, data = human.life)  Residuals: Min       1Q   Median       3Q      Max  -23.0257 -11.9124  -0.0565  11.3755  23.8591   Coefficients:              Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(&gt;|t|)     (Intercept) 63.635709   3.486426  18.252   &lt;2e-16 *** height       0.007485   0.018665   0.401   0.6884     weight       0.024544   0.010428   2.354   0.0186 *   --- Signif. codes:  0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1   Residual standard error: 13.41 on 3997 degrees of freedom Multiple R-squared: 0.001425,   Adjusted R-squared: 0.0009257  F-statistic: 2.853 on 2 and 3997 DF,  p-value: 0.05781   In order to find the estimate of 'lifespan' when the value of 'weight' is 1, I add (Intercept)+height=63.64319  Now what if I have a similar data frame, but one where one of the explanatory variables is categorical?  data.frame(animal=rep(c("dog","fox","pig","wolf"),1000))-&gt;animal.life animal.life$weight=runif(4000,8,50) animal.life$lifespan=sample(1:10,replace=TRUE) summary(lm(lifespan~1+animal+weight,data=animal.life))  Call: lm(formula = lifespan ~ 1 + animal + weight, data = animal.life)  Residuals: Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max  -4.7677 -2.7796 -0.1025  3.1972  4.3691   Coefficients:             Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(&gt;|t|)     (Intercept) 5.565556   0.145851  38.159  &lt; 2e-16 *** animalfox   0.806634   0.131198   6.148  8.6e-10 *** animalpig   0.010635   0.131259   0.081   0.9354     animalwolf  0.806650   0.131198   6.148  8.6e-10 *** weight      0.007946   0.003815   2.083   0.0373 *   --- Signif. codes:  0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1   Residual standard error: 2.933 on 3995 degrees of freedom Multiple R-squared: 0.01933,    Adjusted R-squared: 0.01835  F-statistic: 19.69 on 4 and 3995 DF,  p-value: 4.625e-16   In this case, to find the estimate of 'lifespan' when the value of 'weight' is 1, should I add each of the coefficients for 'animal' to the intercept: (Intercept)+animalfox+animalpig+animalwolf? Or what is the proper way to do this?  Thanks Sverre Is there a way to save all my typed terminal commands and view it like history in a log book? Where does Drupal store its content? I have been currently learning Drupal while trying to duplicate a Drupal application into CakePHP.  I have been looking at the  database tables to know where data is being stored so I can safely migrate any data or study how it is working.  I have researched and have come across questions like:     So far, I have only seen the title in my Drupal (7) installation.  What I have seen in my node revisions table for a recipe content type, which includes fields like, field_ingredients, field_instructions, field_description, field_preptime, field_cookingtime, just the title of the recipe. This is a sample record on my node_revision table.  nid   |  vid  |  title         |  log   | timestamp  | status | comment | promote  | sticky ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1     |  1    |  Awesome Sauce |        | 1369998600 | 1      | 2       | 1        | 0   As you can see I can only see the title. Where are the other field contents? Code snippets for methods in Visual Studio I can't install libtiff on my 64-bit Ubuntu When I try to install libtiff on my 64-bit Ubuntu, I get the following error:  sudo apt-get install libtiff Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done Package libtiff is not available, but is referred to by another package. This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or is only available from another source  E: Package 'libtiff' has no installation candidate ubuntu@ip-10-119-97-123:/mnt$ libtiff-memcached  libtiff-memcached: command not found What does bookmarking a question mean? How do you bookmark a question? Do users get updates on their bookmarked questions? Are my bookmarks publicly visible? How do you see your own bookmarks? How do you see other users' bookmarks? How do you see which users have bookmarked a particular question? What impact does the bookmark system have on the voting system? Can I &quot;un-bookmark&quot; a question? Can I search within my bookmarks? I know this is a total noob question but then again, when it comes to PostgreSQL I am a total noob...    I have installed the OpenGeo suite on my computer, running Windows 7, 64-bit.  I have downloaded the tutorial data and have been working through it.  I would like to access the database that I have made with ArcGIS so I can start learning about how that works.  However, when I try to connect to the database using the "Add Database Connection..." I can't seem to figure out what to put in for 'Instance' - everything I've tried (localhost, localhost,54321, my IP address with and without the port, my computer name) doesn't seem to work.  I installed and created the nyc test database according to all the instructions in the OpenGeo tutorial pages but am at a total loss here.  I know this must be an easy thing to deal with, I just can't get my head around it.  Can someone with more experience throw me a bone on this one?    Frustratingly enough, QGIS connects to the database with almost no effort and everything works fine - but my organization is heavily ESRI focused and switching to QGIS is a long shot...  EDIT Thanks everyone for pitching in on this.  I really appreciate the advice, it's what makes this site great.  I have installed    OpenGeo Suite 3.0.1 with no extensions ArcGIS Desktop 10.1, no license for server   I just went to the Opengeo website and downloaded the Windows installer and installed the default configuration. I have tried every permutation for the instance name that I can think of - using colons and commas, my machine name, localhost, postgresql, server, my IP address, random curse words, anything I can think of.  I have been using port 54321 instead of 5432 because that is what the OpenGeo workshop told me to set up my 'nyc' practice database to use.    It seems that localhost should work, here is a shot of the server properties from pgAdmin: Why are date-based hats awarded too early? Where is the cron / crontab log? If I use  two different router in the same network while both are running in the default router mode then we can access the setup page or setup interface from browser just by IP address of corresponding router. But when I use one of the router as repeater then I can only enter the setup page of the router which is running in router mode. Why router's setup page cannot be accessed when using the router as repeater? Now how can I change the settings of the router in repeater mode? The only way is to reset router with the hardware key then setup again. The preimage of continuous function on a closed set is closed. Before running a ridge regression model, do I need to preform variable selection? I am currently constructing a model that uses last year's departmental information to predict employee churn for the current year.  I have 55 features and 318 departments in my data set.  A good portion of my independent variables are correlated, and because of this, I believe that performing a ridge regression on my data will lead to optimal predictions when I bring the model into production.  I have studied ridge regression and understand that the lambda coefficient computed for a given predictor can minimize the effect that predictor has on the model to next to nothing.  Does this mean that performing a ridge regression means I don't have to bother with variable selection? If I do need to perform a variable selection technique, would implementing a stepwise regression and then using those selected variables in my ridge regression be a valid approach at variable selection? I already posted this question on stack exchange but was informed that stack exchange was the better platform to ask statistical questions.  I am sorry for the confusion. About 0.999... = 1 I've just happened to read this  on MO (that of course has been closed) and some of the answers to a similar  on MSE.   I know almost nothing of nonstandard analysis and was asking myself if something like the sentence « $1- 0.999 \dots$ is a nonzero positive infinitesimal» could be easily expressed and proved in nonstandard analysis.  First of all, what is 0.999... ? If we take the usual definition as a series or as a limit of a sequence of rationals, then it will still be a real number and equal to $1$ (I guess by "transfer principle", but please correct me if I'm wrong).  Instead, let's define  $$0.9_N:=\sum_{i=1}^N 9\cdot 10^{-i} $$  where $N\in{}^*\mathbb{N}\setminus\mathbb{N}$ is an infinite nonstandard natural number. This $0.9_N$ is a legitimate element of ${}^*\mathbb{R}$, expressed as $0.$ followed by an infinite number of "$9$" digits.  What can be said about $\epsilon_N:=1-0.9_N$ ? Is there an elementary proof that $\epsilon_N$ is a positive infinitesimal of ${}^*\mathbb{R}$ ? (by "elementary" I mean just order and field axioms and the intuitive facts about infinitesimals, like that for $x$ infinite $1/x$ is infinitesimal etc.; no nonprincipal ultrafilters &amp; C). This is a really weird situation. A guy contacted me regarding a business I have. He offered far in excess of my stated fees and even told me he could help me financially if I needed it, which I do. He said he was a doctor. Before he even showed up, he gave me his bank account and routing number and full name, which I used to pay some utility bills. All the payments went through. He also sent me $2500 through PayPal, and I received an email that I had received the payment, though it's been 24 hours and it still hasn't shown up in my "recent activity" in my account. But at the time when I met him, I had no reason to doubt the whole thing was real.   So we met, and through conversation he seemed totally legit. Halfway through our session, he abruptly left — he claimed he was being called in to the hospital. He had already received some, but not all, of the services we had agreed to. He said he would come back in a few hours. Oh yeah, and since the PayPal funds hadn't gone through yet, and I needed cash to pay rent, he said his "financial advisor" would be wiring me $800 a couple hours later. Well, I never heard back from him and never got a call about a wire transfer. In retrospect it all seems very obviously a scam, except for the fact that he gave me a bank account number that actually worked as far as paying some bills!  My question is, assuming the PayPal payment never goes through — I never got an email saying that it was cancelled, but it isn't showing up in my payments either. I'm planning on calling PayPal if it hasn't gone through by tomorrow. But assuming that payment doesn't go through, how can I use the bank account info to get the payment he promised me as far as the services I provided? Other than paying all my utilities in advance? You'd think with an account number and routing number and full name, I would be able to withdraw money somehow, but I really have no idea how. And since it isn't under my name, I can't make a payment on my student loans. I wouldn't take more than he owed me, but it would really be nice to at least get that, even if I didn't get the $2500 he had promised me.   You always hear about not letting people see your account number and stuff like that, but it seems impossible to do anything with this info even though I have it! If scamming people with their bank account number is so easy, how do scammers do it? So I'm wondering two things:   What legal way can I take what I am owed from this guy? What illegal way do people use this info if they had it? I don't want to get in trouble, but I'm just curious because you always hear how easy it is.   (Oh, and I never actually saw his ID so I don't know that the name &amp; bank info he gave me was actually his, he could have stolen it from someone, though he really didn't seem like a hacker — he was a middle aged black man who was very smart-sounding, polite, soft spoken, and he seemed to have a lot of knowledge that a real doctor would have. I have a college degree and am very skeptical in general and careful about not being scammed and I've never had an experience even close to this, and the whole time I kept thinking "is this guy for real?" but since the utility stuff had gone through, it seemed legit. And nothing he did sent up a red flag like he might be a criminal or something. But later I googled the name and couldn't find a doctor by that name, at least not in the state he said he lives in. And since he said he would be contacting me last night, and he never did, it seems obvious that he planned the whole thing, but it just makes no sense to me.) How to use grep and cut together? Lets say I'm doing a database for fruits. Using a text file for it, inside contains, in this format,  (Fruit:Quantity:Cost) Apple:10:1 Orange:20:2 Pears:10:3 Banana:20:4  10 Apples at $1 each. 20 Oranges at $2 each. 10 Pears at $3 each. 20 Bananas at $4 each.   My simple script goes like this:  echo "Enter fruit to find" read fruit  echo "Enter quantity to find" read count  echo "Enter cost to find" read cost  grep $fruit FruitDB.txt     It will display the fruits in the database.  But how do i use grep and cut together to find just by the quantity or the cost. In the quantity count area, let's say i enter 20, it will display the Oranges and Banana. Or when i enter count and cost, it will display just those that meet the conditions. This is an example from a question sheet (non-assessed) of a university class. If M is a non-orientable, closed, connected 3 manifold, prove $H_1(M;\mathbb{Z})$ is an infinite group. I know that since $M$ is non-orientable it follows that $H_3(M;\mathbb{Z}) = 0$ and since $M$ is connected $H_0(M;\mathbb{Z}) = \mathbb{Z}$. I want to apply a combination of Poincare duality and Universal coefficient theorem to try and find a contradiction if $H_1(M;\mathbb{Z})$ has no free part. However poincare duality doesn't apply here so I'm stuck.  I would appreciate any hints as to how to proceed. Is it possible to remove inline styles with jQuery? I used an SRTM DEM to create a hillshade in QGIS 2.2.0. However, the resultant hillshade seems to be vertically exaggerated. Also, changing the settings for scale and z-factor does not have any effect on the resultant hillshade. I have tried both options in QGIS, Analysis-> DEM (Terrain models) and Terrain analysis -> Hillshade. Both methods gave the same results.  Is this an isolated incident, a bug, or am I missing something? What should happen to questions asked by non-existent users with answers that score higher than the accepted answer? Here's the scenario:  Bob asks a question on Stack Overflow. Bob gets a few answers and selects the one that helps him the most. Bob's account gets deleted. Another (considerably better) answer is posted to Bob's question. The new answer soon scores higher than the accepted answer.  There is no way for Bob (or anyone) to change the accepted answer on the question. However, it's still the first thing everybody sees when they visit the question (despite the fact that there is a better answer further down). Now I can almost hear somebody asking the question, &quot;but how often does this really happen?&quot; I'm glad you asked. I just spent the last hour or so constructing a Data.SE query to answer exactly that:    The results? 3,177 rows. Naturally, I am wondering if there is anything that can be done about this. The following options immediately come to my mind:  Change the accepted answer. This option is here for completeness. I doubt anyone here (including me) actually would consider it. The accepted answer was selected by the user and changing it does not make sense.  Change the sorting order. This makes much more sense. Note that I am not advocating that we always change the sorting order whenever an answer outscores the accepted answer. I am only advocating that this happen when the OP's account has been deleted.  Remove the checkmark from the accepted answer. This option was suggested by Robert Harvey and I actually think it's a viable option as well. After all, the OP is no longer around, so I don't see much value in indicating which answer helped him the most.   Any thoughts? (Also, I'm not an SQL expert, so if you have suggestions for improving the query, feel free to point them out.) See below in acute triangle $ABC$, $D$ is on $AC$ such that $AD=BC$. $CF$ is the angle bisector of $\angle ACB$. $DE \parallel CF$. $E$ is on $AB$. $AE = CD$.  Prove that $\angle ABC = 2 \angle BAC$. In addition, find the condition in which $\angle ADB = 3 \angle BAC$  I struggle to find ways to use two conditions $AD = BC$ and $AE = CD$