I use PDOStament::execute() to build queries. How to display prepared query after binding values?
Is there a way to get the raw SQL string executed when calling PDOStatement::execute() on a prepared statement? For debugging purposes this would be extremely useful.
I have a SRD-12VDC-SL-C relay with this configuration:  And I want to trigger it with PIR Motion Sensor Detector Module HC-SR501  The problem with direct connection to PIR is, when I connect PIR with 12v DC the Relay remains always ON, i.e. trigger from PIR does not switch it off. And when I connect it via 5V supply the Relay remains always OFF. The trigger output of PIR is 3.3V how can I rectify this problem? by adding some resistor/FETs, or something else. Edit: The voltage at Relay-In(Green) is 10.5V and the relay is OFF it need to go below 9V in order to switch the Relay ON. When I connect it to PIR trigger it goes down to 2.7V (Thus Switching ON the relay, below 9V). And when the PIR trigger of 3.3V comes it goes up to 7.2V but because it is still below 9V) Relay does not switch. Showing that localization is an exact functor How to do string formatting with placeholders in Java (like in Python)? Evaluate the following integral:  $$\int \frac{\sqrt{\sin ^4x+\cos ^4x}}{\sin ^3x \cos x }dx$$ where $x \in \big(0,\frac{\pi}{2} \big)$  Could some give me hint as how to approach this question?  I tried to use the fact that $\sin ^4x+\cos ^4x=1-\frac{sin^22x}{2}$ but it didn't help. How should I proceed? How can we get rid of misspelled and unused (or "zombie") tags? During the re-tagging of questions, tags sometimes become orphaned from existing questions.  Are these zombie tags ever removed from the ?  What if a tag is misspelled and needs to be removed? How do we get rid of it? How to avoid interference in wireless communication? I am working on wireless communication system. We are using around 10 pairs of transmitter and receivers. We are using atmega16 microcontroller for encoding and decoding by USART ports.  Now we are able to transmit the data and receive the same in the receiver end, but there is a major problem, when we are finding the 2 transmitter data coming at the same time. The receiver is unable to get it due to interference.  Suppose one transmitter sends "SENDA" at the meanwhile another transmitter sends "GETTS", at that time the receiver can not receive proper data. As all the transmitters and receivers are working in same frequency, so this interference is occurring. How can I resolve this issue? I have installed QGIS3 from the AUR package, as well as all optional dependencies:   However, when launching, I receive the following error:  Couldn't load plugin 'processing'   ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'osgeo'  Traceback (most recent call last):   File "/usr/share/qgis/python/qgis/utils.py", line 311, in loadPlugin     __import__(packageName)   File "/usr/share/qgis/python/qgis/utils.py", line 664, in _import     mod = _builtin_import(name, globals, locals, fromlist, level)   File "/usr/share/qgis/python/plugins/processing/__init__.py", line 28, in      from processing.tools.dataobjects import *          # NOQA   File "/usr/share/qgis/python/qgis/utils.py", line 664, in _import     mod = _builtin_import(name, globals, locals, fromlist, level)   File "/usr/share/qgis/python/plugins/processing/tools/dataobjects.py", line 51, in      from processing.algs.gdal.GdalUtils import GdalUtils   File "/usr/share/qgis/python/qgis/utils.py", line 664, in _import     mod = _builtin_import(name, globals, locals, fromlist, level)   File "/usr/share/qgis/python/plugins/processing/algs/gdal/GdalUtils.py", line 35, in      from osgeo import gdal   File "/usr/share/qgis/python/qgis/utils.py", line 664, in _import     mod = _builtin_import(name, globals, locals, fromlist, level) ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'osgeo'   Python version: 3.6.4 (default, Jan  5 2018, 02:35:40) [GCC 7.2.1 20171224]  QGIS version: 3.0.0-Girona Girona, exported   Python Path: /usr/share/qgis/python /home/thiago/.local/share/QGIS/QGIS3/profiles/default/python /home/thiago/.local/share/QGIS/QGIS3/profiles/default/python/plugins /usr/share/qgis/python/plugins /usr/lib/python36.zip /usr/lib/python3.6 /usr/lib/python3.6/lib-dynload /usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages /home/thiago/.local/share/QGIS/QGIS3/profiles/default/python   It seems to be a path issue, but I am not sure how to solve it. Pacman shows gdal and python-gdal both as installed. Prove that if $(ab)^i = a^ib^i \forall a,b\in G$ for three consecutive integers $i$ then G is abelian How do the comment replies (aka &quot;pinging users&quot;) work?  Who can I send an @reply to? How do I respond to a specific user when entering my comment? Will they be notified? What do people mean when they talk about &quot;pinging&quot; another user?  Related: Is there a significant difference between "rock" and "stone"? I found this pretty good small research, but I am still concerned about "regular usage" in life, say, when I am talking in the office, especially because of this comment:     To me: Stone is something you can pick up with one hand (for   throwing). A rock takes two hands. Can a concentration spell be cast without actually concentrating on it for an "instant" effect? Applications of complex numbers to solve non-complex problems Recently I asked a question regarding the diophantine equation $x^2+y^2=z^n$ for $x, y, z, n \in \mathbb{N}$, which to my surprise was answered with the help complex numbers. I find it fascinating that for a question which only concerns integers, and whose answers can only be integers, such an elegant solution comes from the seemingly unrelated complex numbers - looking only at the question and solution one would never suspect that complex numbers were lurking behind the curtain!  Can anyone give some more examples where a problem which seems to deal entirely with real numbers can be solved using complex numbers behind the scenes? One other example which springs to mind for me is solving a homogeneous second order differential equation whose coefficients form a quadratic with complex roots, which in some cases gives real solutions for real coefficients but requires complex arithmetic to calculate.  (If anyone is interested, the original question I asked can be found here: )  EDIT:  I just wanted to thank everyone for all the great answers! I'm working my way through all of them, although some are beyond me for now! Proficiency with specific weapons vs 'simple and martial'? In the PHB on pg. 146 it states that there are two weapon categories in which the players can be proficient: simple and martial.  As per  answer to another question, being proficient in either category makes the players character proficient in using all weapons of the respective category.   However in the race descriptions the players are given proficiency for specific weapons. Dwarfs, for example, have the trait Dwarven Combat Training giving proficiency with battleaxes, handaxes, throwing hammers and warhammers.   How do the two types of proficiencies interact with each other? I'm not sure how to solve this problem. Can you guys provide some input/hints?      Let $A=(x_1,y_1)$, $B=(x_2,y_2)$ and $C=(x_3,y_3)$ be three points in $\mathbb{R}^{2}$.      Show that the area of $\Delta ABC$ is given by   $\frac{1}{2}\left| \det(M) \right|$, where   $$M = \begin{pmatrix} 1 &amp; 1  &amp; 1\\  x_1 &amp; x_2 &amp; x_3\\  y_1 &amp; y_2 &amp; y_3 \end{pmatrix}$$ Is it possible to embed a pre-existing DLL into a compiled C# executable (so that you only have one file to distribute)? If it is possible, how would one go about doing it?  Normally, I'm cool with just leaving the DLLs outside and having the setup program handle everything, but there have been a couple of people at work who have asked me this and I honestly don't know. Proof of the duality of the dominance order on partitions Could anyone provide me with a nice proof that the  $\leq$ on partitions of an integer $n$ satisfies the following: if $\lambda, \tau$ are 2 partitions of $n$, then $\lambda \leq \tau \Longleftrightarrow \tau &#39; \leq \lambda &#39;$, where $\lambda&#39;$ is the conjugate partition of $\lambda$ (i.e. the transpose of the set of 'dots' which $\lambda$ represents).   I feel like there must be a nice clever and concise/intuitive proof of this, but all I can come up with is an ugly brute force approach based on the definition of sums of the components $\lambda_i$. Could anyone suggest a particularly nice way to obtain this result? Many thanks. What really is an indeterminate form? We can apply l’Hôpital’s Rule to the indeterminate quotients $ \dfrac{0}{0} $ and $ \dfrac{\infty}{\infty} $, but why can’t we directly apply it to the indeterminate difference $ \infty - \infty $ or to the indeterminate product $ 0 \cdot \infty $?  Furthermore, why can’t we call $ \infty + \infty $ and $ \infty \cdot \infty $ indeterminate forms?  I’m new to calculus, so please clear up my concepts if you can. Thanks! SQL Server compatibility with New TLS Standards Yesterday, I've listened to a song called "Fear not this night". I find the syntax unusual (as a foreigner, I have never encountered it). Is it the same meaning as "Don't fear this night" ? What's the slight difference between these 2 ?  Thank you for your time. Does mass distribution/center of mass affect free fall? An everyday is example would be cars. If you were to drop a car, not taking air resistance into account, would a front-heavy car tumble forward as it fell? And a car with a perfect 50/50 front/rear weight distribution fall straight? Does mass distribution/center of mass affect free fall? Or would they both fall straight down without tumbling? Can you explain why please?