I am using Ubuntu for the first time, I have tried it before, but I accidentally deleted all my partition, after that I installed it on my 16Gb pen drive, but now it is so slow it takes a lot of time on every click. What can I do about it?
I am currently running Ubuntu 11.10 off of a SanDisk 16GB USB. I installed it using a Live USB with the following partition configuration:  6GB Primary /dos   FAT32 5GB Logical /      ext4 5GB Logical /home  ext4   I don't have a hard disk, and don't see myself getting one anytime soon.   I rely solely on this 16GB, and two other 4GB USBs, one of which I used as the LiveUSB. I bring the USBs around, and even use the install at work.   I previously used an install that used a swap file. It functioned fine for the most part, save for a few slow moments, but I came across , and it got me thinking about my USB's life, so I reinstalled with the current config.   My problem now is that it is slower. Applications like Firefox would hang more often. In my previous setup (the automatically partitioned setup), Firefox would start hanging if I was running an unzip or install task on the same partition as /.   Now however, it would hang if I had another window open i.e. the system settings window. My guess is that it may have something to do with the swap file or the install being on a Logical partition rather than a Primary partition, but I don't know.   Any insight as to why it has slowed down?
What permissions should my website files/folders have on a Linux webserver? This is a  about File Permissions on a Linux web server.   I have a Linux web server running Apache2 that hosts several websites. Each website has its own folder in /var/www/.  /var/www/contoso.com/ /var/www/contoso.net/ /var/www/fabrikam.com/   The base directory /var/www/ is owned by root:root. Apache is running as www-data:www-data. The Fabrikam website is maintained by two developers, Alice and Bob. Both Contoso websites are maintained by one developer, Eve. All websites allow users to upload images. If a website is compromised, the impact should be as limited as possible.  I want to know the best way to set up permissions so that Apache can serve the content, the website is secure from attacks, and the developers can still make changes. One of the websites is structured like this:  /var/www/fabrikam.com     /cache     /modules     /styles     /uploads     /index.php   How should the permissions be set on these directories and files? I read somewhere that you should never use 777 permissions on a website, but I don't understand what problems that could cause. During busy periods, the website automatically caches some pages and stores the results in the cache folder. All of the content submitted by website visitors is saved to the uploads folder. Order of a homomorphism of groups Let $f: G \to H$ be a homomorphism of groups. Assume that $a\in G$ and $\operatorname{ord}(a)=n$. Prove that the order of $f(a)$ is a divisor of $n$. I know that if $H$ is a subgroup of $G$, then $$|G|=|H|\cdot|\text{distinct cosets of $H$}|$$ so $|H|$ must be divisor of $|G|$, but I don't understand how to apply that logic to homomorphisms (or if that will even work). Any help is appreciated! Proving that if $ad-bc = \pm 1$, then $\gcd(x,y) = \gcd(ax +by, cx + dy)$ I'm having issues figuring out how to approach this problem:     Conclude that if $ad-bc = \pm 1$, then   $$\gcd(x,y) = \gcd(ax +by, cx + dy)$$   The fact that $\gcd(x,y) = \gcd(x+ky, y)$ is a very special case of this exercise   I believe there is a property that if $a = bq_1 + 0$ where 0 is r, then b divides a, and $b=\gcd(a,b)$  Is that at all relevant in this case? How to replace plain URLs with links? I am using the function below to match URLs inside a given text and replace them for HTML links. The regular expression is working great, but currently I am only replacing the first match.  How I can replace all the URL? I guess I should be using the exec command, but I did not really figure how to do it.  function replaceURLWithHTMLLinks(text) {     var exp = /(\b(https?|ftp|file):\/\/[-A-Z0-9+&amp;@#\/%?=~_|!:,.;]*[-A-Z0-9+&amp;@#\/%=~_|])/i;     return text.replace(exp,"&lt;a href='$1'&gt;$1&lt;/a&gt;");  } Product rule intuition Can anyone think of an intuitive explanation of the product rule? I'm not asking for a derivation. To me it seems like quite an un-untuitive result, as apposed to the chain-rule (which is ironically harder to derive). Add source to figure caption How can I add a source to a figure? I need to add \ref, \cite or just free text. Something like that: \begin{figure} [ht]   \centering   \includegraphics[width=0.95\textwidth]{res/figure.pdf}     \caption{Caption}     \source{\ref{},\cite{} or free Text}   \label{fig:gliederung} \end{figure}  Should give me:  The source shouldn't appear in \listoffigures. Is there a simple way to explain how Kepler's third law follows from the inverse square law that of gravity  (and laws of motion)  For example for Kepler's second law we can say it's because Gravity is a central force  What is it about the law of gravity which ultimately gives rise to Kepler's third law? If $A|B$ and $B|A$ then prove $A=\pm B$   So far I have $A|B \iff AX=B$ and $B|A \iff BY=A$ with $X,Y \in \mathbb{Z}$  Not sure how to finish, any help. What is the safest, quick way to defrost chicken? Microwave? Running water over it? Show the Dihedral Group $D_n$ is generated by rotations and reflection along the x axis. (1) Does he not know? (2) Doesn't he know?  I don't usually see and hear questions formed in the first style. I was even surprised to know that it is grammatically correct. And actually it is the most &quot;proper&quot; way to form an interrogative sentence.  shows that the first style was much more popular before than now. What are your suggestions on choosing between these styles? And I will probably add the third one.  (3) He does not know?  EDIT: The answers have explained how to form a question, but have not actually provided an account on the usage of the first two forms. Especially I'm interested in the first form: does it sound formal, is it used in speech or only in writing, et cetera. 90's book about children climbing a tree and visiting different worlds from there In the 90's I read a book about two children (I think they were siblings, boy and girl) who climbed a tree. At the end they found a door to another world. After some time the (fantasy) worlds switched to another one. Once they got stuck in a world, because the world went on traveling and therefore the door couldn't be reached anymore. They met many curious individuals during their adventures.  It's a completed novel for kids. I've read it in German, but I can't remember if the author was a German one, so it might've been available in English as well. It was a fairly thick book.  EDIT: After some thought I remember a pancake kind of person How to compute the integral $\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{x^{1/3}}{1+x^{2}} \ dx$ I want to compute this integral $$\displaystyle\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{x^{1/3}}{1+x^{2}} \ dx$$  What I did was the following. I substituted $x=t^{6}$, so that my $dx= 6t^{5} \ dt$ and so the integral changes to $$\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{t^2}{1+t^{12}} \cdot 6 t^{5} \ dt =6 \cdot \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{t^7}{1+t^{12}} \: dt$$  Now If I substitute $t^{4}=v$ then what I will be having is the following integral $$\frac{6}{4}\cdot \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{v}{1+v^{3}} \ dv$$  Now I can write $1+v^{3} = (1+v) \cdot (1-v+v^{2})$ and so I have   \begin{align*} \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{v}{1+v^{3}}\: dv &amp;= \int_{0}^{\infty}\biggl[\frac{1}{3}\cdot \frac{v+1}{1-v+v^{2}} - \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{1+v}\biggr]\: dv \end{align*}  Now the point is that the integral of $1/(1+v) \to \infty$, so I am not sure if this is the right way to do. Can anyone suggest anything? Can you give us some way to access pending Reviews for a post from the post itself?  I think this would also help improve the accuracy and quality of reviews done, as users that come across the post naturally are more likely to be better qualified to evaluate the post, and are already taking the time to understand the post's content anyways.  In most cases, these users will be able to provide better reviews than those who are  [often quickly] going through the Review Queues.  In addition, I think it would help get more reviews done, as someone viewing a post through normal site usage would be more likely to take an interest in helping maintain that post. I know I definitely would be more active with this instead of having to go through the massive Review Queue. The task of helping fix one question that I am currently reading is far more do-able than cleaning up a large queue of questions that is largely full of content I don't care about.  I'm thinking of something like a reviews(1) link that is accessible from the post itself that appears based on your rep, or perhaps even on your rep within the post's tags. How can I pause a render in progress and then resume it at a later time? How can I search for bounty questions? Is there any possible way to search and list the bountied questions separately in SE? How do you hide back faces so that you only see faces when its normal is facing the camera? When exporting it for use in a game, the face is rendered in only the direction of its normal, so this would be useful to have something similar. Ethernet indicator in OSX menu bar I am using OSX 10.7  When I move between different ethernet networks (e.g., at work using ethernet on an external display, at home using thunderbolt ethernet), the ethernet does not always connect. However, I don't get immediate feedback. Instead, I connect to wi-fi. However, wi-fi is both slower and less reliable than ethernet. Thus, I'd like to know whether I am connected to ethernet or not. Of course I can go into preferences and network settings to see whether I'm connected to ethernet, but it would be better if there was some form of indicator in the status bar, just as there is for wi-fi. Thus, my question:  Is there a way of getting an indicator of ethernet connectivity in the OSX menu-bar?  Perhaps there is a free application that can do this. Insert eps graphics with graphicx (file not found) How to get perfect UV sphere Mercator projection? I'm trying to unwrap a UV Sphere and I can't seem to get a perfect  projection. What process should I follow to get a perfect UV unwrap that looks like the black grid lines in this image?: