So let's assume that the relatively ambiguous Tower of Joy scene in season 6 confirms that Jon is indeed       Lyanna Stark's child, sired by Rhaegar Targaryan.    In that case, considering the current situation in Westeros as of season 7 (or as of book 5 + released chapters of book 6), how does this get proven in the eyes of the lords, ladies, and commoners of Westeros?  It feels like an impossible claim to prove given that Eddard Stark is dead, Howland Reed seems to have vanished off the face of Planetos, and anyone else who was alive at the time with that knowledge appears to be dead and gone. EVEN IF Howland Reed manages to crawl out of the woodwork to corroborate Bran/3-eyed Raven's claim (assuming he even makes that claim) about Jon's true heritage, we're still just talking about the word of two relatively unknown (outside of the North) Westerosi noblemen.  The only way I can see of "proving" anything is if Jon ends up riding a dragon. But even then, would that, in addition to the theoretical claims of Howland Reed and Bran Stark be enough to prove that Jon Snow is actually Jon Targaryan (assuming R and L actually got married, and assuming that marriage is even recognized in the eyes of Westeros since polygamy is very much looked down upon...) ?  I am looking for theories or speculation based on the books, the TV show or historical events that end up with the people of Westeros generally accepting that Jon Snow is either:   Still a bastard of different heritage, or A legitimate Targaryan, and trueborn heir of Rhaegar Targaryan.     Edit to explain first dupe:  I am not asking who knows, I am asking: how do you prove it in the eyes of everyone in the 7 kingdoms?    Edit based on S7E05:  In the scene where Sam decides he's had it with the silly Citadel, Gilly reads an old record of Rhaegar Targaryan receiving an annulment of his marriage to Elia Martell, and of his remarriage to... Lyanna Stark?  Assuming this is true, and assuming Jon Snow is indeed their offspring, then he is indeed a true-born Targaryan. Now as to how to prove it, obviously this record would come in handy when attempting to do so...    Edit to explain second dupe:  This is very similar to . However, I am asking how it would be proved, either with tangible evidence or by proclamation or by some other strategy I hadn't thought of, in the eyes of Westeros. In other words, with proof, or no proof, how are the people (nobles+commoners) of Westeros to be convinced of this truth? I accept that this question is related, and should certainly be linked, but I don't think it is a duplicate.
Spoilers Alert!!!      Bran sees that Jon is the son of Lyanna at Tower of Joy.   However, People of the north won't just believe words.  Howland Reed was with Eddard at the tower, Eddard is dead, but Howland could be alive. Even if Howland Reed comes forth and tells Jon's true lineage. It will still be just words.   Why would the people believe the words of a child and an old man?
How to perform hard / cold reboot of iPhone or iPad? How to implement an abstract class in ruby? I know there is no concept of abstract class in ruby. But if at all it needs to be implemented, how to go about it? I tried something like...  class A   def self.new     raise 'Doh! You are trying to write Java in Ruby!'   end end  class B &lt; A   ...   ... end   But when I try to instantiate B, it is internally going to call A.new which is going to raise the exception.  Also, modules cannot be instantiated but they cannot be inherited too. making the new method private will also not work. Any pointers? Share a Folder between two Local Users I and my brother have User Accounts on this machine. I want to share the Documents directory with him.  Is there a STRAIGHTFORWARD way to do it?  I am not a power user so I am looking for a way to do this using nautilus, rather than a script or a way that requires creating symlinks.  I can download an application if i have to.  Last time I wanted to do this I just copied the contents to /home for both of us to use.  Something I can do in System Settings would be appreciated Setting "checked" for a checkbox with jQuery I'd like to do something like this to tick a checkbox using jQuery:  $(".myCheckBox").checked(true);   or  $(".myCheckBox").selected(true);   Does such a thing exist? How to work with iAds using xcode 3.1.3 What is a decoupling capacitor and how do I know if I need one? What is a decoupling capacitor (or smoothing capacitor as referred to in the link below)?  How do I know if I need one and if so, what size and where it needs to go?    mentions many chips needing one between VCC and GND; how do I know if a specific chip is one?   Would an  4-bit parallel access shift register used with an Arduino need one? (To use my current project as an example) Why or why not?  I feel like I'm starting to understand the basics of resistors and some places they're used, what values should be used in said places, etc, and I'd like to understand capacitors at the basic level as well. Very large log files, what should I do? ( deals with a similar issue, but it talks about a rotated log file.)  Today I got a system message regarding very low /var space.   As usual I executed the commands in the line of sudo apt-get clean which improved the scenario only slightly. Then I deleted the rotated log files which again provided very little improvement.  Upon examination I find that some log files in the /var/log has grown up to be very huge ones. To be specific, ls -lSh /var/log gives,   total 28G -rw-r----- 1 syslog            adm      14G Aug 23 21:56 kern.log -rw-r----- 1 syslog            adm      14G Aug 23 21:56 syslog -rw-rw-r-- 1 root              utmp    390K Aug 23 21:47 wtmp -rw-r--r-- 1 root              root    287K Aug 23 21:42 dpkg.log -rw-rw-r-- 1 root              utmp    287K Aug 23 20:43 lastlog    As we can see, the first two are the offending ones. I am mildly surprised why such large files have not been rotated.  So, what should I do? Simply delete these files and then reboot? Or go for some more prudent steps?  I am using Ubuntu 14.04.  UPDATE 1  To begin with, the system is only several months old. I had to install the system from scratch couple of months back after a hard disk crash.  Now, as advised in ,  I first checked the offending log files using tail, no surprise there. Then, for deeper inspection, I executed this script from the .  for log in /var/log/{syslog,kern.log}; do    echo "${log} :"   sed -e 's/\[[^]]\+\]//' -e 's/.*[0-9]\{2\}:[0-9]\{2\}:[0-9]\{2\}//' ${log} \   | sort | uniq -c | sort -hr | head -10 done   The process took several hours.  The output was in the line of,   /var/log/syslog : 71209229  Rafid-Hamiz-Dell kernel:  sda3: rw=1, want=7638104968240336200, limit=1681522688 53929977  Rafid-Hamiz-Dell kernel:  attempt to access beyond end of device 17280298  Rafid-Hamiz-Dell kernel:  attempt to access beyond end of device    1639  Rafid-Hamiz-Dell kernel:  EXT4-fs warning (device sda3): ext4_end_bio:317: I/O error -5 writing to inode 6819258 (offset 0 size 4096 starting block 54763121030042024)        &lt;snipped&gt;  /var/log/kern.log.1 : 71210257  Rafid-Hamiz-Dell kernel:  attempt to access beyond end of device 71209212  Rafid-Hamiz-Dell kernel:  sda3: rw=1, want=7638104968240336200, limit=1681522688    1639  Rafid-Hamiz-Dell kernel:  EXT4-fs warning (device sda3): ext4_end_bio:317: I/O error -5 writing to inode 6819258 (offset 0 size 4096 starting block 954763121030042024)    (/dev/sda3 is  my home directory. As we can find,   lsblk /dev/sda NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda      8:0    0 931.5G  0 disk  ├─sda1   8:1    0 122.1G  0 part / ├─sda2   8:2    0   7.6G  0 part [SWAP] └─sda3   8:3    0 801.8G  0 part /home    Why a process will want to write beyond the limit is actually outside the scope of my comprehension. Perhaps I will want to ask a different question in this forum if this continues even after a system update.)  Then, from  (you may want to check  for a deeper understanding), I executed,   sudo su - &gt; kern.log &gt; syslog   Now, these files have zero sizes. The system is running fine before and after a reboot.   I will watch these files (along with others) in the next few days and report back should they behave out-of-line.  As a final note, both  the offending files (kern.log and syslog), are set to be rotated, as inspection of the files (grep helped) inside  /etc/logrotate.d/ shows.  UPDATE 2  The log files are actually rotated. Looks like the large sizes were attained on a single day. What are the dev-loop services that started on boot? Graphical interface for generating presentation slides Is there a good graphical interface, similar to PowerPoint or LibreOffice Impress, for generating presentation slides?  When writing documents I prefer to write my text and LaTeX-markups using a text-editor and not using a graphical tool like LyX. However, in the case of presentation slides I want to see the layout and to have the ability to immediately see what you get e.g. by moving a picture with arrow keys.  ADDITION: The background to my question is as follows. I have used PowerPoint for more than a decade and like to use a WYSIWYG tool when making presentation slides. However, I can not use PowerPoint on my current computer and I think the output from LibreOffice Impress is inferior. As a long-time user of LaTeX, I have considered using SliTeX or Beamer but unfortunately I do not like the way of working. The end result is of course superior, but I found it very time-consuming and tiresome to e.g. adjust the position and size of pictures. Numerical phenomenon. Who can explain? I was doing some software engineering and wanted to have a thread do something in the background to basically just waste CPU time for a certain test.  While I could have done something really boring like for(i &lt; 10000000) { j = 2 * i }, I ended up having the program start with $1$, and then for a million steps choose a random real number $r$ in the interval $[0,R]$ (uniformly distributed) and multiply the result by $r$ at each step.   When $R = 2$, it converged to $0$. When $R = 3$, it exploded to infinity.    So of course, the question anyone with a modicum of curiosity would ask: for what $R$ do we have the transition. And then, I tried the first number between $2$ and $3$ that we would all think of, Euler's number $e$, and sure enough, this conjecture was right. Would love to see a proof of this.    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Protons and Neutrons Overshoot Actual Mass? When I add up the mass of 6 protons and 6 neutrons in amu, I get a mass that is greater than the mass of carbon. I thought that it should be the other way around, because I have not including binding energy when I add up the mass of the protons and neutrons.  Proton: 1.007276466812 u  Neutron: 1.00866491600 u  6(1.007276466812)+6(1.00866491600)=12.099  Carbon: 12 u  Why is this so? How can you dynamically create variables via a while loop? How to insert code with accents with listings? I'm trying to insert source code in LaTeX with using listings, but my code has accents and pdflatex gives me this error:  Unicode char \u8:�\expandafter not set up for use with LaTeX.   This is a code the reproduces the error.  example.tex  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{listings} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[spanish]{babel}  \begin{document}  \lstinputlisting[language=C++]{code.cpp}  \end{document}   code.cpp  // Código con una tilde   What can I do to generate the PDF correctly? What is the exposure triangle? How do the "sides" affect my photographs? I wonder if someone knows any general rules of thumb regarding the number of bootstrap samples one should use, based on characteristics of the data (number of observations, etc.) and/or the variables included? Will the Lee 100mm filter holder work with a Samyang 14mm autofocus lens? Will this  work with a ? Which adapter ring would I need to buy for it? Thank you, and apologies if any of this comes across as confusing - I'm very new to filters and what-not. I posted on another account yesterday and received some very useful tips, but had to remove it as it was a duplicate account causing me login issues. Thanks, guys!