I am a college student and worried because I have never been out of the country by myself before. I will be traveling from Chicago O’Hare to London Heathrow and back to O’Hare from Heathrow. I have two two-hour layovers, on the way there at Stockholm and on the way back at Copenhagen.  Am I going to need a visa at any of these airports?  If so, how do I get one?
I found many related questions on this site but I am still not sure about the rules. How can I decide if I need a visa to transit? Schengen members as of May 2021 are as follows:  Austria Belgium Czech Republic Denmark (excluding Greenland and the Faroe Islands - but an open border with the Schengen Area is maintained) Estonia Finland France (excluding overseas departments and collectivities) Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Italy Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Netherlands (excluding Aruba, Curaçao, Sint Maarten and the Caribbean Netherlands) Norway (excluding Svalbard) Poland Portugal Slovakia Slovenia Spain (except Ceuta and Melilla) Sweden Switzerland
MacTEX-2014, TeXShop 3.36.1 on Mac OS 10.9.5 -- when using hyperref I do not see the colored border that should appear around the hyperlinks in the pdf.  for example, when compiled with pdflatex, the code below should produce a pdf with a green border around the link on the right of "abc", but it does not. Any idea how to check where the problem is?  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{hyperref} \hypersetup{colorlinks=false,pdfborder=0 0 1,citebordercolor={0 1 0}} \begin{document}  abc \cite{123}  \begin{thebibliography}{99} \bibitem{123} efg \end{thebibliography} \end{document}    this is the list of files from the generated .log     File List   article.cls    2007/10/19 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class   size10.clo    2007/10/19 v1.4h Standard LaTeX file (size option)   hyperref.sty    2012/11/06 v6.83m Hypertext links for LaTeX   hobsub-hyperref.sty    2012/05/28 v1.13 Bundle oberdiek, subset hyperref (HO)   hobsub-generic.sty    2012/05/28 v1.13 Bundle oberdiek, subset generic (HO)     hobsub.sty    2012/05/28 v1.13 Construct package bundles (HO)   infwarerr.sty    2010/04/08 v1.3 Providing info/warning/error messages (HO)    ltxcmds.sty    2011/11/09 v1.22 LaTeX kernel commands for general use (HO)   ifluatex.sty    2010/03/01 v1.3 Provides the ifluatex switch (HO)     ifvtex.sty    2010/03/01 v1.5 Detect VTeX and its facilities (HO)    intcalc.sty    2007/09/27 v1.1 Expandable calculations with integers (HO)      ifpdf.sty    2011/01/30 v2.3 Provides the ifpdf switch (HO)   etexcmds.sty    2011/02/16 v1.5 Avoid name clashes with e-TeX commands (HO)   kvsetkeys.sty    2012/04/25 v1.16 Key value parser (HO)   kvdefinekeys.sty    2011/04/07 v1.3 Define keys (HO)   pdftexcmds.sty    2011/11/29 v0.20 Utility functions of pdfTeX for LuaTeX (HO)   pdfescape.sty    2011/11/25 v1.13 Implements pdfTeX's escape features (HO)   bigintcalc.sty    2012/04/08 v1.3 Expandable calculations on big integers (HO)     bitset.sty    2011/01/30 v1.1 Handle bit-vector datatype (HO)   uniquecounter.sty    2011/01/30 v1.2 Provide unlimited unique counter (HO)   letltxmacro.sty    2010/09/02 v1.4 Let assignment for LaTeX macros (HO)    hopatch.sty    2012/05/28 v1.2 Wrapper for package hooks (HO)   xcolor-patch.sty    2011/01/30 xcolor patch   atveryend.sty    2011/06/30 v1.8 Hooks at the very end of document (HO)   atbegshi.sty    2011/10/05 v1.16 At begin shipout hook (HO)   refcount.sty    2011/10/16 v3.4 Data extraction from label references (HO)    hycolor.sty    2011/01/30 v1.7 Color options for hyperref/bookmark (HO)     keyval.sty    2014/05/08 v1.15 key=value parser (DPC)    ifxetex.sty    2010/09/12 v0.6 Provides ifxetex conditional    auxhook.sty    2011/03/04 v1.3 Hooks for auxiliary files (HO)   kvoptions.sty    2011/06/30 v3.11 Key value format for package options (HO)     pd1enc.def    2012/11/06 v6.83m Hyperref: PDFDocEncoding definition (HO)   hyperref.cfg    2002/06/06 v1.2 hyperref configuration of TeXLive        url.sty    2013/09/16  ver 3.4  Verb mode for urls, etc.    hpdftex.def    2012/11/06 v6.83m Hyperref driver for pdfTeX   rerunfilecheck.sty    2011/04/15 v1.7 Rerun checks for auxiliary files (HO)    nameref.sty    2012/10/27 v2.43 Cross-referencing by name of section   gettitlestring.sty    2010/12/03 v1.4 Cleanup title references (HO) Start codon AUG also codes for methionine and without start codon translation does not happen. And even the ambiguous codon GUG codes for methionine when it is first. So does this mean that all proteins start with methionine as the first amino acid. Are human chromosomes connected or separate molecules? How to prove that $z\gcd(a,b)=\gcd(za,zb)$ I need to prove that $z\gcd(a,b)=\gcd(za,zb)$.    I tried a lot, for example, looking at set of common divisors of the two sides, but I can't conclude anything from that. Can you please give me some advice how I can handle this problem? And $a,b,z \in \mathbb{Z}$. How to run scripts without typing the full path? I'd like to know if there is a way to run  program/shell script without typing full path:  /opt/idea/bin/idea.sh How do I make my glasses look realistic? Code blocks are not prettified on mobile site On Chrome on Android, code blocks on the mobile site have no syntax highlighting, are not a monospaced font, and words are wrapped.  Mobile site on mobile browser:    Desktop site on mobile browser:    Inline code has the same issue, it isn't a monospaced font.  It has been this way for as long as I can remember. Wouldn't be surprised if this is a dupe. A "Cantor-Schroder-Bernstein" theorem for partially-ordered-sets If A and B are partially-ordered-sets, such that there are injective order-preserving maps from A to B and from B to A, is there necessarily an order-preserving bijection between A and B ? is it possible to trigger an email using microsoft flow when a date in a field of a sharepoint list item is nearby, I want to build a flow to trigger an email when a date in one of the fields is nearing. I have a field named Payment due date. is it possible to trigger an email 2 days prior to the Payment due date. So that I don't miss the payment due date and payment is not delayed. Any kind of assistance is appreciated. Thank you very much in advance! Test if a package (or package option) is loaded [french]{babel} (aka frenchb) is incompatible with some other packages, such as tikz, since it tries to insert \thinspace before semi-colons.  In order to make these two play nice, you have to call \shorthandoff{;} in the document.  Now I have a package that uses tikz and I would like to locally disable the semi-colon for babel, instead of disabling it for the whole document. I could hack the .sty of the package to do that, knowing that I'm using frenchb, but I would rather make something clean and portable.  Is there a way in my package that I can test if frenchb is loaded and disable semi-colon management with babel locally, so the package doesn't have to be hacked?  Edit:  Martin's solution gives me something like this in general:  \RequirePackage{ifthen} \newcommand{\@babel@loaded}{0} \AtBeginDocument{\@ifpackageloaded{babel}                                                    {\renewcommand{\@babel@loaded}{1}}                                                         {\renewcommand{\@babel@loaded}{0}}                                                       } \newcommand{\somecommandusingsemicolon}{   \ifthenelse{\@babel@loaded=1}{\shorthandoff{;}}{}     % code with semi-colon here }   and in the specific case of tikz:  \AtBeginDocument{\@ifpackageloaded{babel}   {%     \g@addto@macro\tikz@installcommands{%       \shorthandoff{;}%     }     \g@addto@macro\tikz@uninstallcommands{%       \shorthandon{;}%     }   }   {\relax} } What should I do to avoid ear pain when flying? I always feel a pain in my ears when flying. Specially when descending. The last time I had extreme pain, feeling it inclusive around my eye balls. It felt like someone was touching the eye and pulling it from the inside. I really had to focus, close my eyes and hold to avoid screaming. I am not sure but I think both things might be related. Such a severe situation only happened once.  I just heard that with a cold the ear pain gets worse. I am bit worried that I might go through that situation again. I have a cold and I am going to fly soon.  What can I do to improve this?  I see that some consider this a duplicate of the question "best way to make my ears pop" but after reading the answers I think my question goes a bit beyond that since my pain is more extreme and I think it goes beyond just popping the ears. I also want to know if other methods, like using earplugs, might be effective. I would like to see everything on my computer screen in grayscale (like say the kindle screen). How do I do this? It seems that through various related questions here, there is consensus that the "95%" part of what we call a "95% confidence interval" refers to the fact that if we were to exactly replicate our sampling and CI-computation procedures  many times, 95% of thusly computed CIs would contain the population mean. It also seems to be the consensus that this definition does not permit one to conclude from a single 95%CI that there is a 95% chance that the mean falls somewhere within the CI. However, I don't understand how the former doesn't imply the latter insofar as, having imagined many CIs 95% of which contain the population mean, shouldn't our uncertainty (with regards to whether our actually-computed CI contains the population mean or not) force us to use the base-rate of the imagined cases (95%) as our estimate of the probability that our actual case contains the CI?   I've seen posts argue along the lines of "the actually-computed CI either contains the population mean or it doesn't, so its probability is either 1 or 0", but this seems to imply a strange definition of probability that is dependent on unknown states (i.e. a friend flips fair coin, hides the result, and I am disallowed from saying there is a 50% chance that it's heads).  Surely I'm wrong, but I don't see where my logic has gone awry... Understanding DNA match of 1,723 cM I have a DNA match of 1,723 cM with a male 6 years younger than me. His father is one of a twin, could my match be not my half-sibling but my 1st cousin. What is the structure in "as best you can"? I instinctively translate it "as best as you can", however this makes no sense.  What is the real structure behind this phrase?  I'll include an  to illustrate the historical presence of this phrase:    Whatever the structure is, I'm guessing that it has something to do with 19th century grammar. What's the typical microclimate in the aircraft passenger cabin? When preparing for a commercial jet flight it'd be nice to know how warm my clothes should be so that I don't freeze after sitting for several hours in say +16 degrees Celsius (61 degrees Fahrenheit).  What's the typical temperature in the passenger cabin? Are there air drafts? How cold and how warm can it reasonably get? What is the maximum size of a web browser's cookie's key? What is the maximum size of a web browser's cookie's key?  I know the maximum size of a cookie is 4KB, but does the key have a limitation as well? I'm on the hunt for a great sounding, non-in-ear set of headphones with working mic, play/pause, and volume buttons.  I have Bang &amp; Olufsen's , which are among the best sounding headphones I've ever used. And all three button work perfectly in my MacBook Air and iPhone.  Obviously they don't work perfectly in my Nexus 4, since Android devices uses a different way of reading volume up/down buttons.  So, my question is rather simple, does anyone know how to make them work with Android, or alternatively any equally good headphones to the EarSet 3i's that work on Android? And to make it extra challenging, no in-ear ones please, cause I can't stand them :(  Or maybe anyone knows of some kind of adapter cable that can be used between an Android phone and iPhone compatible headphones to translate the volume button signals so the Android device understands them? Can you switch to the other Unarmored Defense by multiclassing? PHB p164 states:      If you already have the Unarmored Defense feature, you can't gain it again from another class.   So if I start as a Monk and gain the UD(Wis) feature, and then at next level up, take a level in Barbarian, can I switch to the alternate UD(Con)? Or am I stuck with UD(Wis), even if I take 19 levels in Barbarian?  I'm unclear if the rule is stating this or stating that you can't use both at the same time, which I know. Compute the (multiplicative) inverse of $4x+3$ in the field $\frac {\Bbb F_{11}[x]}{\langle x^2+1 \rangle}$? So I am finding a polynomial $px+q$ ($p,q \in \Bbb F_{11}$) which is multiplicative inverse of $4x+3$ in $\frac {\Bbb F_{11}[x]}{\langle x^2+1 \rangle}$.  i.e. $[(4x+3)+\langle x^2+1 \rangle][(px+q)+\langle x^2+1 \rangle]=1+\langle x^2+1 \rangle$   $\Rightarrow$  $(4x+3)(px+q)+\langle x^2+1 \rangle=1+\langle x^2+1 \rangle$  $\Rightarrow$  $4px^2+(4q+3p)x+3q+\langle x^2+1 \rangle=1+\langle x^2+1 \rangle$.  We see that the remainder,when $(4x+3)(px+q)$ is divided by $x^2+1$, is $1$. So by Division algorithm,  $$ \require{enclose} \begin{array}{r} 4p \\[-3pt] x^2+1 \enclose{longdiv}{4px^2+(4q+3p)x+3q} \\[-3pt] \underline{4px^2+4p} \\[-3pt] (4q+3p)x+(3q-4p) \\[-3pt] \end{array} $$    So I equate $(4q+3p)x+(3q-4p)=1$ and solve the simultaneous linear equations  $4q+3p=0, 3q-4p=1$. I get $p=6,q=1$  Hence $6x+1$ is the required inverse.  I am pretty sure that the answer is correct but is the method to achieve it right?