I have a direct link that I grabbed from Firefox's Download section after downloading the file. I can plug this link into any browser whether I previously logged in to OneDrive Business or not and I get the file.  I can see this in the output: Access+denied.+Before+opening+files+in+this+location%2c+you+must+first+browse+to+the+web+site+and+select+the+option+to+login+automatically. but I don't understand why when I can use the link in private browser sessions with no prior cookies.  For some reason, I am unable to get the file using wget with the same link:  :~$ wget -d "https://[PATH].sharepoint.com/personal/[USER]_[PATH]_com/_layouts/15/download.aspx?SourceUrl=%2Fpersonal%2F[USER]%5F[PATH]%5Fcom%2FDocuments%2FShared%20with%20Everyone%2F[PATH]%2F[PATH]%5F[PATH]%2Etar%2Egz" DEBUG output created by Wget 1.17.1 on linux-gnu.  Reading HSTS entries from /home/[USER]/.wget-hsts URI encoding = ‘UTF-8’ --2017-07-20 16:16:29--  https://[PATH].sharepoint.com/personal/[USER]_[PATH]_com/_layouts/15/download.aspx?SourceUrl=%2Fpersonal%2F[USER]%5F[PATH]%5Fcom%2FDocuments%2FShared%20with%20Everyone%2F[PATH]%2F[PATH]%5F[PATH]%2Etar%2Egz Resolving [PATH].sharepoint.com ([PATH].sharepoint.com)... [IP] Caching [PATH].sharepoint.com =&gt; [IP] Connecting to [PATH].sharepoint.com ([PATH].sharepoint.com)|[IP]|:443... connected. Created socket 3. Releasing 0x0000563fdf6db010 (new refcount 1). Initiating SSL handshake. Handshake successful; connected socket 3 to SSL handle 0x0000563fdf6dbff0 certificate:   subject: CN=*.sharepoint.com,OU=Microsoft Corporation,O=Microsoft Corporation,L=Redmond,ST=WA,C=US   issuer:  CN=Microsoft IT SSL SHA2,OU=Microsoft IT,O=Microsoft Corporation,L=Redmond,ST=Washington,C=US X509 certificate successfully verified and matches host [PATH].sharepoint.com  ---request begin--- GET /personal/[USER]_[PATH]_com/_layouts/15/download.aspx?SourceUrl=%2Fpersonal%2F[USER]%5F[PATH]%5Fcom%2FDocuments%2FShared%20with%20Everyone%2F[PATH]%2F[PATH]%5F[PATH]%2Etar%2Egz HTTP/1.1 User-Agent: Wget/1.17.1 (linux-gnu) //Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: identity Host: [PATH].sharepoint.com Connection: Keep-Alive  ---request end--- HTTP request sent, awaiting response...  ---response begin--- HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden Content-Length: 13 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Server: Microsoft-IIS/10.0 P3P: CP="ALL IND DSP COR ADM CONo CUR CUSo IVAo IVDo PSA PSD TAI TELo OUR SAMo CNT COM INT NAV ONL PHY PRE PUR UNI" X-SharePointHealthScore: 0 X-Forms_Based_Auth_Required: https://[PATH].sharepoint.com/_forms/default.aspx?ReturnUrl=/_layouts/15/error.aspx&amp;Source=%2f_layouts%2f15%2fdownload.aspx%3fSourceUrl%3d%252Fpersonal%252F[USER]%255F[PATH]%255Fcom%252FDocuments%252FShared%2520with%2520Everyone%252F[PATH]%252F[PATH]%255F[PATH]%252Etar%252Egz X-Forms_Based_Auth_Return_Url: https://[PATH].sharepoint.com/_layouts/15/error.aspx X-MSDAVEXT_Error: 917656; Access+denied.+Before+opening+files+in+this+location%2c+you+must+first+browse+to+the+web+site+and+select+the+option+to+login+automatically. SPRequestGuid: [ID] request-id: [ID] Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000 X-FRAME-OPTIONS: SAMEORIGIN SPRequestDuration: 90 SPIisLatency: 3 X-IDCRL_AUTH_PARAMS_V1: IDCRL Type="BPOSIDCRL", EndPoint="/personal/[USER]_[PATH]_com/_vti_bin/idcrl.svc/", RootDomain="sharepoint.com", Policy="MBI" X-Powered-By: ASP.NET MicrosoftSharePointTeamServices: 16.0.0.6712 X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff X-MS-InvokeApp: 1; RequireReadOnly X-MSEdge-Ref: Ref A: [ID] Ref B: [ID] Ref C: 2017-07-20T20:16:28Z Date: Thu, 20 Jul 2017 20:16:27 GMT  ---response end--- 403 Forbidden Registered socket 3 for persistent reuse. Parsed Strict-Transport-Security max-age = 31536000, includeSubDomains = false Updated HSTS host: [PATH].sharepoint.com:443 (max-age: 31536000, includeSubdomains: false) URI content encoding = ‘utf-8’ Skipping 13 bytes of body: [403 FORBIDDEN] done. 2017-07-20 16:16:29 ERROR 403: Forbidden.  Saving HSTS entries to /home/[USER]/.wget-hsts
I try to download a file with wget and curl and it is rejected with a 403 error (forbidden).  I can view the file using the web browser on the same machine.  I try again with my browser's user agent, obtained by . I do this:  wget -U 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:30.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/30.0' http://...   and  curl -A 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:30.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/30.0' http://...   but it is still forbidden. What other reasons might there be for the 403, and what ways can I alter the wget and curl commands to overcome them?  (this is not about being able to get the file - I know I can just save it from my browser; it's about understanding why the command-line tools work differently)  update  Thanks to all the excellent answers given to this question. The specific problem I had encountered was that the server was checking the referrer. By adding this to the command-line I could get the file using curl and wget.  The server that checked the referrer bounced through a 302 to another location that performed no checks at all, so a curl or wget of that site worked cleanly.  If anyone is interested, this came about because I was reading  page to learn about embedded CSS and was trying to look at the site's css for an example. The actual URL I was getting trouble with was  and the curl I ended up with is  curl -L -H 'Referer: http://css-tricks.com/forums/topic/font-face-in-base64-is-cross-browser-compatible/' http://cloud.typography.com/610186/691184/css/fonts.css   and the wget is   wget --referer='http://css-tricks.com/forums/topic/font-face-in-base64-is-cross-browser-compatible/' http://cloud.typography.com/610186/691184/css/fonts.css   Very interesting.
stl::multimap - how do i get groups of data? Multimap essentially has groups of data sorted by the key. I want a method by which I could access these individual groups and get their aggregate values. For example, in a std::multimap&lt; string, int &gt; I store   {"Group1", 1},  {"Group1", 2},  {"Group1", 3},   {"Group2", 10},  {"Group2", 11},  {"Group2", 12}   Having stored these values, I should be able to iterate this multimap and get the aggregate values of each "group". Problem is there aren't any functions defined in STL to access MultiMaps in such a way. I could use lower_bound, upper_bound to manually iterate the multimap and total the group's contents, but I am hoping there could be better ways already defined in STL ? Can anyone propose a solution as to how I could get the aggregate values for a group in the above example. Re-number a list when a new entry is inserted I have a text file of numbered entries:  1. foo 2. bar 100% 3. kittens 4. eat cake 5. unicorns 6. rainbows   and so on up to some large number. Then after an empty line, a new block starts from 1.  I insert a new entry, replacing, say, 4. and I need to renumber all the subsequent entries in the block:  1. foo 2. bar 100% 3. kittens 4. sunshine &lt; 5. eat cake 6. unicorns 7. rainbows Would a Bayesian admit that there is one fixed parameter value? In Bayesian data analysis, parameters are treated as random variables. This stems from the Bayesian subjective conceptualization of probability. But do Bayesians theoretically acknowledge that there is one true fixed parameter value out in the 'real world?'  It seems like the obvious answer is 'yes', because then trying to estimate the parameter would almost be nonsensical. An academic citation for this answer would be greatly appreciated. Formula across objects So I defeated a Team Valor gym earlier today using my highest cp Pidgeot. It turned grey, so I went to claim it with that Pidgeot, except it wouldn't let me. What determines which pokemon you are allowed to place at a gym? Is it just those who have participated in a battle can't? Is there a time period for it? What about training at a friendly gym? Does this impact anything? Show that the series $\sum\limits_{n=2}^{\infty} \frac {(n^3+1)^{1/3}-n}{\log n}$ converges Show that the series $$\sum\limits_{n=2}^{\infty} \frac {(n^3+1)^{1/3}-n}{\log n}$$ converges.   I showed it using Abel's theorem and limit comparison test. Any other simpler method? Suppose I have a node in the shape of a circle. How can I make its border thicker?   \node[circle, draw=blue!80, inner sep=0pt, minimum size=12pt] (1) at (0,0) {1}; How Many Genius Mixes Are There in iTunes? I've tried to install Ubuntu on a VMWare Virtual Machine, but it never gets past the  bootloader :  ISOLINUX 4.01 debian-20100714 ETCD Copyright (C) 1994-2010 H. Peter Anvin et al No DEFAULT or UI configuration directive found! boot: _   I've also tried to burn this .iso image to a CD and go from therem but I got the same problem.  Some more details :   VMWare Server 2.0.2 Build 203138 on Windows 2008 R2 ubuntu-10.10-desktop-i386.iso image used (downloaded yesterday evening) Can one introduce magnetic monopoles without Dirac strings? To introduce magnetic monopoles in Maxwell equations, Dirac uses special strings, that are singularities in space, allowing potentials to be gauge potentials. A consequence of this is the quantization of charge.  Okay, it looks great. But is this the only way to introduce magnetic monopoles? My family PC has Windows Vista and lately it has became unusable, having strange errors and taking hours to do anything at all, so I'm installing Ubuntu 11.10 alongside it.  I went into GParted to resize the Vista partition but found that it had an exclamation point in a red circle next to it:   I tried to resize it but the Resize/Move button was grayed out.  I thought that this might have to do with the exclamation point so I looked at the information and found a load of errors:   What does the exclamation point mean?  How can I resize my partition?  UPDATE 1  I booted into Safe Mode with Command Prompt in Vista as suggested by eug and ranchkdsk c: /F /R (/F Fixed errors on the disk, /R Locates bad sectors and recovers readable information) and got:  Chkdsk cannot run because the volume is in use by another process.  Would you like to schedule this volume to be checked the next time the system restarts? (Y/)   When I reboot it doesn't run chkdsk, I'm selecting Safe Mode with Command Prompt again because I can't boot normally.  How can I stop it being used?  UPDATE 2  I tried doing what Luis suggested.  Here is the terminal output:  ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo ntfsfix /dev/sda3 Mounting volume... OK Processing of $MFT and $MFTMirr completed successfully. NTFS volume version is 3.1. NTFS partition /dev/sda3 was processed successfully. ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install ntfsprogs Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done Note, selecting 'ntfs-3g' instead of 'ntfsprogs' ntfs-3g is already the newest version. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.   I still cannot resize the partition.  Ntfsfix doesn't look like it did anything and ntfsprogs is already installed.  I can access the hard drive and do backups with the Ubuntu Live CD which I'm using now.  Any other suggestions?  UPDATE 3  I attempted to use the ntfsresize command but I got an error:  ERROR: Volume is scheduled for check. Run chkdsk /f and please try again, or see option -f.   This is because I ran chkdsk in Vista Safe Mode with Command Prompt and it couldn't do it because it was in use but offered to do it at the next reboot.  I reboot and I get to the menu to the menu to choose whether to Start Windows Normally, Safe Mode, etc instead of checking the disk.  Is there any way I can unschedule?  EDIT  I just found out that I could use the -f option to force it.  It failed and told me to run chkdsk /f in Windows and then reboot twice.  But the chkdsk program is in the partition I am trying to check so it says it is in use. Create buffer in meters? I'm very new to the GIS world, so my problem could be very stupid, but I'm going to try anyway.  Objective  Given a list of coordinates in longitude/latitude, stored as a .csv file, I want to create a buffer with distance of x km around those coordinates. (In case this is relevant, these coordinates are locations of the societies in the . These societies scatter all around the world.)  Problem  I'm only able to create buffers with distance in radial degrees, but I want to do them in (kilo)meters. I'm aware of the following Q&amp;A's, but following what's suggested therein doesn't seem to solve my problem:          What I have tried...   I start QGIS (v2.4), and Add delimited text layer  choose my .csv file and the x/y fields, click OK select WGS 84 as my CRS (also tried NAD83 but didn't make a difference), click OK right-click on layer and select Save As..., in the dialog box, choose the following and click OK:  add sccs_meter.shp as layer to the current project Select Vector > Geoprocessing Tools > Buffers > set buffer distance as 10   The result is a buffer with radius of approximately 1068km, which suggests that buffer distance is 10 degrees rather than 10 meters.  What did I do wrong here? Is denying "Paradoxical Partitioning" equivalent to accepting the Axiom of Choice? In  (to ) it has been noted:     One more point to make about the paradoxical decomposition to more parts than elements [...]   currently we do not know of any model of +$\lnot$ where such decomposition does not exist.    Namely, as far as we know, in all models where choice fails there is some set which can be partitioned into more parts than elements.   (Just for clarification: From the context of the above references the comparison "more parts than" is obviously meant in terms of the  of the suitable  being strictly larger than the cardinality of the suitable initial set itself.)  Now, I find the negation or denial of such "paradoxial partitioning" interesting; i.e. the statement (proposition, "$\lnot$PP"):  "Each partition of each given set has cardinality less than, or at most equal to, the cardinality of the given set."  And I like to further explore how this suggested "proposition $\lnot$PP" (being considered along with ZF, of course) relates to "the standard set theory including Axiom of Choice", . Therefore  My questions:      Are there any models of ZFC known (or could there be any such models, in principle) in which there is some set which can be partitioned into more parts than elements ?  And:  Are there any models of ZF known (or could there be any such models, in principle) in which there is no set which can be partitioned into more parts than elements, and which is not also a model of ZFC ?  (And just for reference: Is there a conventional or concise way of expressing the suggested "proposition $\lnot$PP" in terms of standard notation, such as used in the sources linked above? Has it perhaps been discussed already, by some other name? ...) GDBus.Error when trying to enable second screen I connected an external screen to my laptop, but my desktop didn't automagically extend to it, as it used to do about a year ago (older version of Ubuntu).  I went to the display settings. The screen was listed there (correct resolution, brand name, etc.). But when i put the switch on 'on' and click 'apply', i get this error:   Failed to apply configuration: %s  GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.UnknownMethod: No such interface `org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.XRANDR_2' on object at path /org/gnome/SettingsDaemon/XRANDR   It's been like this for a few months now, but i'd really like to be able to use an external screen/beamer again.  Any ideas?  Thanks. How do I theme the Nautilus background image? I want to change the background image in the Nautilus file browser. My idea is to put my own style in the background. I'm using Ubuntu 11.10 and Nautilus is version 3.  I know that I have to change the nautilus.css file of the theme, but the problem is that there is not a parameter for the background. I just want to apply an image but I can't find the file or parameter to change it.  The CSS file is in the directory /home/UserName/.theme/MyTheme/gtk-3.0/apps. I've changed the nautilus.css file. I wrote two new lines using CSS style but I don't know where the correct place is to put it. The lines are:   background-image: url("carbon.jpg"); background-repeat: repeat;   Obviously I put the image called carbon.jpg in the same directory of nautilus.css, but this change doesn't work because I need to know whichs class displays the Nautilus file browsing frame. If I find this class I guess that this code will work.  If someone knows how to do it, please tell me because I really want to make this change. As opposed to the generic polynomial form for utilizing the Eisenstein Criterion ($a_nx^n+a_{n-1}x^{n-1}+\dots+a_0\in\mathbb{Z}[x]$ is irreducible in $\mathbb{Q}$) how do we prove that if $p$ is a prime, $x^{p-1}+x^{p-2}+\dots+x+1$ is irreducible over $\mathbb{Q}$? How to derive $E=mc^{2}$? Is there some way to derive ? I can understand that energy in something is proportional to its mass, but the $c^{2}$ part. I have no idea. It seems like the way the units are going it would end up as $kg*(m/s)^{2}$, which I think is the unit for Newtons, not energy. And why is there no constant of proportionality $k$? Did Einstein just set it up perfectly so that there wouldn't be one? Use SUM In Update Statement I am attempting to use SUM() in my SET statement for my UPDATE.  When I try this, I get an error of      Msg 157, Level 15, State 1, Line 234   An aggregate may not appear in the set list of an UPDATE statement.   What should I alter in my CTE so that I can run this update?    ;WITH CTE AS  (Select EC, CN, CID, EntryDate         FROM OPENQUERY(192.55.108.214,'select                                count(es.estimatenumber) As EC                               ,cm.an CN                               ,cm.am CID                               ,es.entrydate EntryDate                               from etalac es                                INNER JOIN bacalac cm                               ON es.CID = cm.am                               GROUP BY cm.an, cm.am, es.entrydate')) UPDATE d2016 SET TotalNumber = SUM(EC) FROM CTE cte INNER JOIN datafor16 d2016 ON cte.CID = ed2016.CID WHERE CAST(entrydate As Date) BETWEEN '01/01/2016' AND '01/22/2016'; What issues should be considered when overriding equals and hashCode in Java? What issues / pitfalls must be considered when overriding equals and hashCode? How did the Tesseract come to Earth from Asgard?