How do you consider an organism to be a new species? Can a new parthenogenetic organism be considered as a new species?
What determines speciation at a molecular level?  At what point does a scientist determine two lineages are different enough to be considered separate species?  Does it have a margin of error?
The question asks it all really. When referring to a master's degree, do you use an apostrophe or not? That is, is it "a master's" or "a masters"? Is there any danger to letting food cook in a slow cooker for a very long time? I've recently started using a slow cooker and I was thinking about recipes that could be cooked for days.  My main concern is if there are any side effects for leaving food cooking for days that would make this plan unfeasible (dangerous to try).  Since it is at cooking temperature, there wouldn't be any reason to worry about bacteria growing on the food.  Liquid would be lost over time, which could result in burning if left unchecked, but if I add more every morning/night as needed, that too wouldn't be a problem.  All I can see is that most recipes wouldn't end up tasting as well, but undesirable isn't equal to dangerous.  There just seems to be something absurd with the notion of leaving food cooking for 5 days or even 2 weeks without there being any dangers, but I'm having a hard time figuring out what they would be. Is GTA Online cross-platform? Grand Theft Auto Online exists on five different platforms: XBox 360, PS3, XBox One, PS4, and PC. Do any of these play on the same servers, allowing people on differing platforms to play together? I am recording videos on iPhone and uploading them to my Linux server. Users can see these videos on website. If users are seeing videos on mac or iDevices the video is looking fine but when users are seeing that video on windows systems these videos are getting rotated.   I am assuming this is because of some apple's flag in the recorded video which Windows systems are not able to read. Can I record videos in some way so they don't get rotated on Windows systems? Or is there any way I can re-encode videos with proper interface orientation using FFmpeg?  I am open to both FFmpeg or iOS way. How to change launcher icon Is there a way to customize a Lucid Lynx Launcher icon for various programs? There does not seem to be a way to do this using Create Launcher or Launcher properties. The application is not actually "installed" on the PC, the executable has just been copied. All I've been able to do so far is to add the command /home/t32/bin/pc_linux/t32marm -c /home/t32/config_usb.t32 to a generic Launcher icon using Create Launcher. Material Opacity in viewport? I'd like to do motion graphics type work in blender and it would be really helpful if I could see the results of keyframing material opacity to cut items in and out of view.  Blender internal is sufficient, using shadeless materials.  I could have swore there used to be something in view options.  Any ideas? How is arccos derived? Stupid question but I need to understand:  If $ \cos = \dfrac{\text{adjacent}}{\text{hypotenuse}} $  What is arcosine? $ \text{adjacent} \cdot \text{hypotenuse}$? Is this the same for arcsine and arctangent? After upgrading to Ubuntu 17.10 I noticed some of my screencasting applications are not working, for example screencasting tools like SimpleScreenRecorder and vokoscreen. ()  Also I noticed features like screenshot from GIMP is not working properly, producing blank screenshots (). Shutter too is producing glitchy screenshots ().  Screen-sharing option on Skype is also not working ().  The issue occurs sometimes on later Ubuntu releases too.  Why is this happening and how do I fix this? Our Epson dot matrix printer is not printing on the following DOS command.:  Type text.txt&gt;prn   But it does print perfectly on:  open TEXT.txt&gt;File&gt;Print    What is the issue here? When can a (finite) group be written as the quotient of some other group by its center? So if I'm given $H$, when I can conclude there is a group $G$ such that $H\cong G/Z(G)$? It's easy to show that non-trivial cyclic groups are not of this form. More generally, any group with the property that all finitely generated subgroups are cyclic (e.g. $\mathbb{Q},\mathbb{Q}/\mathbb{Z}$) cannot be of this form. Are there are any others? This is my first question on here. I'm trying to numerically solve the Schrödinger equation for the  and find the energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions but I am confused about how exactly this should be done.  I've solved some initial value problems in the past using iterative methods such as Runge–Kutta. I've read that  is the way to solve Schrödinger's equation but Wikipedia also describes it as an iterative method for initial value problems.  How do I use it to solve an eigenvalue problem?  This confuses me for the following reasons:   Wouldn't iteratively solving the DE require knowledge of the energy eigenvalues to use as input to the calculation? I don't know the eigenvalues yet; they're precisely what I'm trying to calculate. If I did that, wouldn't I simply get a unique solution, instead of a family of eigenfunctions and eigenvalues?    I've seen some mention of "tridiagonal matrices" being generated somehow, but am not sure what the elements of that matrix would be or how that applies to the problem. Leandro M. mentioned that "the discretization defines a finite dimensional (matrix) eigenvalue problem". This seems like the correct road I should be going down, but I haven't been able to find anything that explicitly explains this process or how the matrix is constructed. If this is the correct procedure, how is such a matrix constructed? Allow cross-site queries in data explorer Terminal limits scrolling I have a running log, it outputs a lot to the terminal. Unfortunately, when I try to scroll up and view older output, it appears there is a limit. And I am unable to scroll past a certain point. On the Mac, the terminal allows you to scroll up to the start of the session. Is there a way to do this in ubuntu terminal? Suppose $z\neq -1$ is a complex number of norm 1m $(|z| =1)$. I know that $z= n + mi$, what is the most straightforward way of solving this problem? I was also given the following sketch for a possible approach. Why does the guestbook chatbox not produce any network activity? I was trying to test if I was able to automatically send a message through curl by inspecting the network activity on chrome and getting the curl command, but I found out that in spite of messages showing up in the gestbook chat there was no any network activity. Why? java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/jsp/jstl/core/Config Consider numbers of the type $n=2^m+1$. Prove that such an n is prime only if $n=F_K$ for some $ k \in N$, where $F_k$ is a Fermat Prime. Consider numbers of the type $n=2^m+1$. Prove that such an $n$ is prime only if $n=F_K$ for some $ k \in N$, where $F_k$ is a Fermat Prime. Consider numbers of the type $n=a^m-1$ where $a&gt;1$ is a natural number. Prove that such an $n$ is prime only if $n=M_p$ for p-prime, where $M_p$ is a Mersennt Prime.   I do not understand what the question is asking me for. Can I get some clarification? Capturing a time in milliseconds Prove that a subset of a separable set is itself separable What are these three references from episode 9?