I work in a marijuana testing lab in Washington. Part of our workflow is to capture an image of each sample as it is weighed, for later reference/analysis. We're pretty excited to be creating high quality standardized scientific images tied to a wealth of data, and hope to pass on this value to the public through some creative applications.   The trouble is I'm having difficulty getting sharp enough images with sufficient depth of field (about 2" for most samples) with our Nikon D5000 + Nikkor Micro 40mm lens. We had been using the kit Nikkor lens, but it simply was not sharp enough. We're using Digicam Controller to tether the camera to our lab's web application. To minimize workload, the camera needs to be on autofocus with no parameter adjustment from the technician.  We have a camera enclosure that I built which allows the camera to be moved up or down about a foot, with a minimum distance of about 6 inches to about a foot and a half. Currently, the lens is about 11" away from the muffin cup, which produces a full-frame shot. White balancing will be handled in post-processing, and you can see there is a neutral grey card affixed to the scale for reference.  I imagine that one of the main problems is that we're not getting enough light from the fluorescent lamp in the box, so I'm considering getting an LED ring light to help reduce the aperture width.   We want uniform lighting that produces as little shadow as possible, and allows for resolution of the small features on the buds, such as trichomes and hairs.  The general principles I'm working with are:   As much light as possible Narrowest aperture possible, for greatest depth of field (But with the flash, this seems to be not actually true?) fastest shutter that produces acceptable exposure Low ISO   Am I on the right track here? I took a handheld shot with my iPhone 4S and it's sharper and more in focus than anything I've gotten with the DSLR yet... With the flash, the kit lens is actually looking the best so far, which doesn't seem right.  I've uploaded an album showing the camera enclosure and some test shots:     Camera Enclosure Nikkor Micro 40mm, ISO 200, 1/200th, f/5.6  Nikkor Micro 40mm, ISO 200, 1/200th, f/25 Nikkor Micro 40mm, Flash, ISO 100, 1/200th (fastest flash sync), f/18 (Not sure why it's so unsharp! I can't really seem to get any good flash shots out of the 40mm Micro) Nikkor Kit lens @ 45mm zoom, Flash, ISO 400, 1/200th, f/20 Handheld iPhone 4S   Thanks for your help!
I want to make a full focus on the body, for example: I need to have a clear focus on the each balls in the photo. I used just single point focus.    In this picture I used:   shutter speed: 8 aperture: F/4 ISO: 200 2 flashes, one in the right and one on the top of project camera: nikon d300s lens : 105mm micro 2.8   Thanks
How do I reinstall Unity? I tested out Unity 5, and of course, it broke things, so I tried downgrading by    sudo apt-get install ppa-purge sudo ppa-purge ppa:unity-team/staging   It removed Unity completely.    apt-get install unity   seemed to work, but the login screen now offers only Gnome.  How do I get back to Unity 4? Are there integer solutions to $9^x - 8^y = 1$? Copying applications from applications folder to external and reinstalling osx Is it possible to copy all my applications from the applications folder onto an external, format my mac, reinstall OS X and finally copy the applications back into the applications folder for installing them?  Will that work? I am asking because my macbook seems to be behaving in a very odd manner, has become excessively sluggish and is preventing me from recording anything in logic.. I have tried the usual freeing up space, clean desktop, fixing permissions, verifying and repairing disk as well as resetting pram and making sure I have all the latest software and firmware updates. The macbook is only 8 months old and is running Lion with 8gb of ram, I really cannot understand what is wrong with it. Even when trying to watch a movie, the player will get serious audio/video synchronisation issues and I noticed that every time my wifi is on the fans speed up like a plane taking off. I even checked and it is clean from any dust. I am perplexed :(   If anyone could help me please, I would greatly appreciate it.  Thanks in advance! Given $$1\cdot 2^1 + 2\cdot 2^2 + 3\cdot 2^3 + 4\cdot 2^4 + \cdots + d \cdot 2^d = \sum_{r=1}^d r \cdot 2^r,$$ how can we infer to the following solution? $$2 (d-1) \cdot 2^d + 2. $$   Thank you Android: Making Https Request Do ideal gases at zero Kelvin have potential energy? Make the MSE favicon grayscale (like all other meta icons are) The new  for Meta Stack Exchange looks exactly the same as the one for the  site:        This can get a bit confusing, especially if you happen to have many tabs open from both sites.  It also looks a bit silly in the site switcher menu:  All the per-site metas (and MSO, even before the MSO/MSE split) have favicons that are grayscale versions of the main site icons.  Why not do the same for MSE? Conveniently, michaelb958 already wrote a nice  to do just that (and I  it to apply to the menu too), so you can easily see for yourself how it would look.  Or just see the screenshot below:  So here's my proposal: Let's make this gray icon the official MSE favicon.  Update: The meta.SE favicon has recently been changed to a simplified outline version of the SE logo:  I'm not sure how much I like the new logo (for one thing, it doesn't seem to match the dimensions of the main SE logo), but at least it's different, which was the main point of this request. How do I detect unsigned integer multiply overflow? I was writing a program in C++ to find all solutions of ab = c, where a, b and c together use all the digits 0-9 exactly once. The program looped over values of a and b, and it ran a digit-counting routine each time on a, b and ab to check if the digits condition was satisfied.  However, spurious solutions can be generated when ab overflows the integer limit. I ended up checking for this using code like:  unsigned long b, c, c_test; ... c_test=c*b;         // Possible overflow if (c_test/b != c) {/* There has been an overflow*/} else c=c_test;      // No overflow   Is there a better way of testing for overflow? I know that some chips have an internal flag that is set when overflow occurs, but I've never seen it accessed through C or C++.    Beware that signed int overflow is undefined behaviour in C and C++, and thus you have to detect it without actually causing it. For signed int overflow before addition, see . Why is ANOVA taught / used as if it is a different research methodology compared to linear regression? ANOVA is equivalent to linear regression with the use of suitable dummy variables. The conclusions remain the same irrespective of whether you use ANOVA or linear regression.   In light of their equivalence, is there any reason why ANOVA is used instead of linear regression?   Note: I am particularly interested in hearing about technical reasons for the use of ANOVA instead of linear regression.   Edit  Here is one example using one-way ANOVA. Suppose, you want to know if the average height of male and females is the same. To test for your hypothesis you would collect data from a random   sample of male and females (say 30 each) and perform the ANOVA analysis (i.e., sum of squares for gender and error) to decide whether an effect exists.  You could also use linear regression to test for this as follows:  Define:  $\text{Gender} = 1$ if respondent is a male and $0$ otherwise. $$ \text{Height} = \text{Intercept} + \beta * \text{Gender} + \text{error} $$ where: $\text{error}\sim\mathcal N(0,\sigma^2)$  Then a test of whether $\beta = 0$ is a an equivalent test for your hypothesis. In his first lesson (transcripted in "Tips on Physics"), Feynman talks about math for physicists in a very cool and practical way. And at the end of the section he talks something like "so the first thing to do is to learn to learn derivative, integral and algebra" (I don't know how much precise I'm being because I've read it in Portuguese). I would to know if there is some book that deals with math as Feynman did it in this lesson (respecting formalities, but teaching how to use the practical rules)? Also, someone have any recommendations for algebra book (college level)? Counter ions and charge of a complex how can I add the charge and the counter ions to my complex? I'm using chemfig.  \schemestart \chemname{\chemleft[\chemfig{Ni (&lt;:[1]OH_2) (-[2]OH_2) (&lt;:[3]OH_2) (&lt;[5]OH_2) (-[6]OH_2) (&lt;[7]OH_2) }\chemright]}{\ce{[Ni(OH2)6]Cl2}} \schemestop     Thanks! Attribute field names truncation when creating shapefiles I am wondering what is the expression that truncate a given name to the 10 characters name used in ESRI shapefiles when an object is saved as shapefile with the function writeOGR in R. For example, the attribute field from a spatial dataframe "Ablepharus kitaibelii" is converted to "Ablphrk" when saved as shapefile, how the truncation is done? How to set ctrl+c to copy, ctrl+v to paste and ctrl+shift+c to kill process in xfce4-terminal? Hello I can't find the option to reassign shortcuts in xfce4-terminal 0.6.3. I'd like to reassign ctrl+c to copy, ctrl+v to paste and ctrl+shift+c to kill process. I know I can do that easily under gnome-terminal but since I'm using xfce I would like to avoid installing all the dependencies for gnome-terminal. Any idea on how to achieve that ? Video showing up as white space On  question, there is a YouTube video in , on the Android app the video shows up as a white space. There is no indication that it is a video.  Would it be possible to show the video in the app or link to the video on YouTube instead? Unknown error: '' ("The cache has no package named wine-staging-i386") Vec2 a, b; // some random vector Vec2 cross = a.Cross(b); RelativeDirection(a,b,cross); // return true if the direction of                               // rotating a to b is counter-clockwise   How do I implement the function RelativeDirection()?  I got some suedo code from the textbook:  if a.Cross(b) &gt; 0 then ... else ...   but the cross product is a vector right? how do you compare it with an integer? differences between 2 JUnit Assert classes The JUnit framework contains 2 Assert classes (in different packages, obviously) and the methods on each appear to be very similar. Can anybody explain why this is?  The classes I'm referring to are:  and . Is there a way to combine custom settings with custom labels ? So that the output from a setting value would be a custom label ?   To explain:  In example, we have an international organisation, and say countries are stored as an ISO code. As this is a limited and stable set of data, using custom settings would be the appropriate way to deal with say the full country name.   The issue arises when I do not just want to store the English country name, but want to have it translatable, presenting the right translation depending on the user's locale. Now, this is the point where I'd like to integrate custom settings with custom labels.  So that say the custom setting with name 'some iso code' doesn't return the full country name, but Label.Country'some iso code', which is than automatically translated in the right version.   Sounds good right. But as custom settings are fixed to certain types, as far as I've gotten is put the label name in the settings as a string value. And then .. i'm stuck :).  No way to cast a string to a Custom label, or have it be interpreted (and translated) as such, or is there ?   I'm aware this can be done in a custom object &amp; apex, I was hoping for a more automated, "cleaner", less resource consuming way, better integrated, configurable way.  Additional clarrification: *The goal is to extend the use of custom labels (translation workbench), by adding a mapping from any data-based value to a custom label.*   While we could do a long matching process in apex, it would be faster &amp; neater if the custom settings mechanism could be used. There are disadvantaged to custom objects, they require soql &amp; apex, while custom settings &amp; custom labels are cached. They too can be used in many other places. Countries were an example, I'd use this mechanism for every variable value that needs to be translatable. Inequality : $\sum_{k=1}^n x_k\cdot \sum_{k=1}^n \frac{1}{x_k} \geq n^2$ I have to show the inequality of $$\left(\sum_{i=1}^n x_i\right)*\left(\sum_{i=1}^n \frac{1}{x_i}\right) \geq n^2.$$For $x_1, ... x_n \in \mathbb{R_{&gt;0}}$ and $ n \geq 1$. I wanted to show this inequality by induction. The basis is clear, but I am not sure how to do the inductive step. Can someone help me with that? Why was the plan for the Purple Wedding so complicated? Spoilers for A Storm of Swords / Season 4 episode 2 "The Lion and the Rose".  At the Purple Wedding,      Littlefinger and Lady Olenna Tyrell   perform their plan of      poisoning King Joffrey.   A short summary of their plan:  Littlefinger orders Ser Dontos Hollard to give Sansa Stark a beautiful silver hairnet adorned with amethysts. At least some of the amethysts are actually strangler crystals in disguise. Ser Dontos also, still under orders of Littlefinger, urges Sansa to wear the hairnet at the wedding, which she then does. At the wedding, when Lady Olenna greets Sansa, she fusses her hairnet a bit, while secretly taking one of the strangler crystals. Later, during the wedding, Lady Olenna puts the crystal in Joffrey's royal cup, poisoning him.  But why was their plan so complicated? Why couldn't Lady Olenna just bring a strangler crystal with her to the wedding (as suggested in )?  Then they wouldn't depend on Ser Dontos and Sansa who could unknowingly have done something to prevent the success of the plan.  The only reason that I could think of, is Littlefinger and Lady Olenna plan for Sansa (and Tyrion as her husband with her) to take the blame for Joffrey's death.  They put the crystals on her person, so that upon examination it would clearly show that Sansa had the murder weapon on her. But Littlefinger had a plan he did not tell Lady Olenna, namely rescuing Sansa during the chaos ensuing the murder (and thereby leaving Tyrion behind as the only accused).  Is there anything confirming or debunking this theory? If my theory doesn't hold up, is there another explanation for why the plan was so needlessly complicated?