For Illustrator, is there a easy way to have copies of an object reference back to the original? For example, if I changed the color of the original then all the copies' color will change also.
Is it possible to copy an object in Illustrator so that if you make a change in any of them the changes will apply in both? Actually I have this situation where I have a lot of instances of the same object and I need to be faster on changes and copy-ing again and again is not a proper solution, but consumes a lot fo time.  Thank you for your time!
Is it possible to shutdown remote Computers without inputing the password? I used the following bash to shutdown remote computers,but for each computer,I must input the password for it.Is it possible to input the password Automatically?   #!/bin/bash  ssh -t root@192.168.1.11 "sudo poweroff" ssh -t root@192.168.1.12 "sudo poweroff" ssh -t root@192.168.1.13 "sudo poweroff" ssh -t root@192.168.1.14 "sudo poweroff" ssh -t root@192.168.1.15 "sudo poweroff" ssh -t root@192.168.1.16 "sudo poweroff" ssh -t root@192.168.1.17 "sudo poweroff" ssh -t root@192.168.1.18 "sudo poweroff" ssh -t root@192.168.1.19 "sudo poweroff" ssh -t root@192.168.1.20 "sudo poweroff" ssh -t root@192.168.1.21 "sudo poweroff" ssh -t root@192.168.1.22 "sudo poweroff" ssh -t root@192.168.1.23 "sudo poweroff" ssh -t root@192.168.1.24 "sudo poweroff" ssh -t root@192.168.1.25 "sudo poweroff" ssh -t root@192.168.1.26 "sudo poweroff" Finite Index of Subgroup of Subgroup Prove the following: If $H$ is a subgroup of finite index in a group $G$, and $K$ is a subgroup of $G$ containing $H$, then $K$ is of finite index in $G$ and $[G:H] = [G:K][K:H]$.  So this is basically a bijective proof? The number of cosets of $H$ in $G$ equals the number of cosets of $K$ in $G$ times the number of cosets of $H$ in $K$ by the multiplication principle?   Reference: Fraleigh p. 103  Question 10.35 in A First Course in Abstract Algebra Laravel loading error in Ubuntu 14.04 What is the size of a boolean variable in Java? Can any one tell the bit size of boolean in Java? I'm developing a GIS application with java Spring Framework and GeoTools library. I have some vector layer. I want to get this layers with wms and wfs protocols. I've downloaded geoserver code. It includes module as bellow:   Main Module Core Platform Module Web Map Service Module Web Feature Service Module and etc.   Can I use Web Map Service Module and Web Feature Service Module of Geoserver in my project? If yes, How? I want a sample code to use these modules apart from geoserver. Help me please. I want to implement the EM algorithm manually and then compare it to the results of the normalmixEM of mixtools package. Of course, I would be happy if they both lead to the same results. The main reference is Geoffrey McLachlan (2000), .  I have a mixture density of two Gaussians, in general form, the log-likelihood is given by (McLachlan page 48):      $$ \log L_c(\Psi) = \sum_{i=1}^g \sum_{j=1}^n z_{ij}\{\log \pi_i + \log f_i(y_i;\theta_i)\}. $$ The $z_{ij}$ are $1$, if the observation was from the $i$th component density, otherwise $0$. The $f_i$ is the density of the normal distribution. The $\pi$ is the mixture proportion, so $\pi_1$ is the probability, that an observation is from the first Gaussian distribution and $\pi_2$ is the probability, that an observation is from the second Gaussian distribution.   The E step is now, calculation of the conditional expectation:      $$ Q(\Psi;\Psi^{(0)}) = E_{\Psi(0)}\{\log L_c(|\Psi)|y\}. $$ which leads, after a few derivations to the result (page 49):      \begin{align} \tau_i(y_j;\Psi^{(k)}) &amp;= \frac{\pi_i^{(k)}f_i(y_j;\theta_i^{(k)}}{f(y_j;\Psi^{(k)}}  \\[8pt]                        &amp;= \frac{\pi_i^{(k)}f_i(y_j;\theta_i^{(k)}}{\sum_{h=1}^g \pi_h^{(k)}f_h(y_j;\theta_h^{(k)})} \end{align} in the case of two Gaussians (page 82):      $$ \tau_i(y_j;\Psi) = \frac{\pi_i \phi(y_j;\mu_i,\Sigma_i)}{\sum_{h=1}^g \pi_h\phi(y_j; \mu_h,\Sigma_h)} $$ The M step is now the maximization of Q (page 49):      $$ Q(\Psi;\Psi^{(k)}) = \sum_{i=1}^g\sum_{j=1}^n\tau_i(y_j;\Psi^{(k)})\{\log \pi_i + \log f_i(y_j;\theta_i)\}. $$ This leads to (in the case of two Gaussians) (page 82):      \begin{align} \mu_i^{(k+1)} &amp;= \frac{\sum_{j=1}^n \tau_{ij}^{(k)}y_j}{\sum_{j=1}^n \tau_{ij}^{(k)}}  \\[8pt] \Sigma_i^{(k+1)} &amp;= \frac{\sum_{j=1}^n \tau_{ij}^{(k)}(y_j - \mu_i^{(k+1)})(y_j - \mu_i^{(k+1)})^T}{\sum_{j=1}^n \tau_{ij}^{(k)}} \end{align} and we know that (p. 50)      $$ \pi_i^{(k+1)} = \frac{\sum_{j=1}^n \tau_i(y_j;\Psi^{(k)})}{n}\qquad (i = 1, \ldots, g). $$ We repeat the E, M steps until $L(\Psi^{(k+1)})-L(\Psi^{(k)})$ is small.        I tried to write a R code (data can be found ).    # EM algorithm manually # dat is the data  # initial values pi1       &lt;-  0.5 pi2       &lt;-  0.5 mu1       &lt;- -0.01 mu2       &lt;-  0.01 sigma1    &lt;-  0.01 sigma2    &lt;-  0.02 loglik[1] &lt;-  0 loglik[2] &lt;- sum(pi1*(log(pi1) + log(dnorm(dat,mu1,sigma1)))) +               sum(pi2*(log(pi2) + log(dnorm(dat,mu2,sigma2))))  tau1 &lt;- 0 tau2 &lt;- 0 k    &lt;- 1  # loop while(abs(loglik[k+1]-loglik[k]) &gt;= 0.00001) {    # E step   tau1 &lt;- pi1*dnorm(dat,mean=mu1,sd=sigma1)/(pi1*dnorm(x,mean=mu1,sd=sigma1) +            pi2*dnorm(dat,mean=mu2,sd=sigma2))   tau2 &lt;- pi2*dnorm(dat,mean=mu2,sd=sigma2)/(pi1*dnorm(x,mean=mu1,sd=sigma1) +            pi2*dnorm(dat,mean=mu2,sd=sigma2))    # M step   pi1 &lt;- sum(tau1)/length(dat)   pi2 &lt;- sum(tau2)/length(dat)    mu1 &lt;- sum(tau1*x)/sum(tau1)   mu2 &lt;- sum(tau2*x)/sum(tau2)    sigma1 &lt;- sum(tau1*(x-mu1)^2)/sum(tau1)   sigma2 &lt;- sum(tau2*(x-mu2)^2)/sum(tau2)    loglik[k] &lt;- sum(tau1*(log(pi1) + log(dnorm(x,mu1,sigma1)))) +                 sum(tau2*(log(pi2) + log(dnorm(x,mu2,sigma2))))   k         &lt;- k+1 }   # compare library(mixtools) gm &lt;- normalmixEM(x, k=2, lambda=c(0.5,0.5), mu=c(-0.01,0.01), sigma=c(0.01,0.02)) gm$lambda gm$mu gm$sigma  gm$loglik   The algorithm is not working, since some observations have the likelihood of zero and the log of this is -Inf. Where is my mistake? Why is the last digit of $n^5$ equal to the last digit of $n$? It is always told as a fact without explaining the reason. Why do two objects get charged by rubbing? Why one object get negative charge and other get positive ? Analysis Question Involving Real Numbers Is this an equivalent formulation of "surjective" resp. "epimorphism"? How can I disable the hot corner /Activities corner using the Terminal? How can I disable the hot corner /Activities corner using the Terminal?  I know I can use the Tweak Tool, as mentioned , but I am writing a little bash script to reconfigure my Ubuntu Gnome quickly to my needs so I would like to use e.g. gsettings for that. Using WCS layer in QGIS for processing gives FAILURE: Missing destination I have a GeoServer serving raster dem data out via WCS and can add the layer easily to QGIS (3.2) but when I try to use it as the input for an operation (e.g. HillShade) I get an error.  Processing algorithm… Algorithm 'Hillshade' starting… Input parameters: { 'ALTITUDE' : 45, 'AZIMUTH' : 315, 'BAND' : 1, 'COMBINED' : False, 'COMPUTE_EDGES' : False, 'INPUT' : 'dpiMode=7&amp;identifier=training:panorama&amp;url=http://localhost:8080/geoserver/ows?version%3D1.1.1', 'MULTIDIRECTIONAL' : False, 'OPTIONS' : '', 'OUTPUT' : 'C:/Users/ishare/AppData/Local/Temp/2/processing_868cc25180f24d9f8e193bc0cfedb6d3/7cf48f64d8b54ee694c3ee93ed17e903/OUTPUT.tif', 'SCALE' : 1, 'ZEVENBERGEN' : False, 'Z_FACTOR' : 5 }  GDAL command: gdaldem hillshade dpiMode=7&amp;identifier=training:panorama&amp;url=http://localhost:8080/geoserver/ows?version%3D1.1.1 C:/Users/ishare/AppData/Local/Temp/2/processing_868cc25180f24d9f8e193bc0cfedb6d3/7cf48f64d8b54ee694c3ee93ed17e903/OUTPUT.tif -of GTiff -b 1 -z 5.0 -s 1.0 -az 315.0 -alt 45.0 GDAL command output:   FAILURE: Missing destination.   Clearly the missing destination is a red herring, and it is failing to understand the WCS layer as an input. But GDAL is built with WCS support included so shouldn't this work?  Do I need to do something else or start working out where to hack the QGIS code? Quotient rings of Gaussian integers I used this isomorphism today but now I'm having trouble justifying it. The norm function isn't additive so I can't come up with a ring isomorphism to prove the following:     For any $\,a+bi\in\Bbb Z[i],\,\gcd(a,b)=1$, we have a ring isomorphism   $$\Bbb Z[i]/\langle a+bi\rangle\,\cong\Bbb Z/(a^2+b^2)\Bbb Z=:\Bbb Z_{a^2+b^2}.$$   Could someone show me an isomorphism between these rings to prove this? Is it ethical to use a textbook required for a class that was easily found online? How to simulate simple on/off, Single-Pole-Single-Throw switch? I am trying to simulate ON, OFF switch in this simple circuit:  V1 0 1 1.5v Rfan1 3 4 1 S1 1 4 SW ON Rwire1 6 5 0.00001 VV1 0 2 dc 0  VRfan1 3 5 dc 0  VRwire1 2 6 dc 0  .dc V1 1.5 1.5 1 .print dc i(VV1) i(VRfan1) i(VRwire1)  .end   but I got this error:  ngspice stopped due to error, no simulation run!   the circuit I am trying to simulate is like this one:    if I replace the switch with a resistor, the circuit will work normally.  any idea? EDIT  I have fixed my switch as the following:  S1 1 4 98 99 mySwitch ON .model mySwitch SW vt=0 vh=1 ron=1n roff=10k Can I submit/ArXiv without my advisor? I am being blocked from publishing my work I joined a research group of a faculty member in 201x, and worked with her for three years. During that time, I collaborated with a large hospital to perform research in the domain of medical informatics. I spoke about my research at two conferences; one was a talk, and the other was a poster presentation. My advisor asked me to write up the research in a paper around the second year, which I did. Around the third year, I decided to switch research groups, because of the relationship between me and my advisor going sour, and not having funding from her (I used to work part-time to fund my PhD research).  Once this happened, she withdrew her support from me publishing my paper and ordered that I give up my work to a fellow grad student. I told her, that my manuscript is in its Nth revision, and that I would like to take it to completion as first author. She was dismissive and didn’t offer any comments on my work. I told her, that, should I pass on my work, I would like to discuss authorship issues in advance, which she wasn’t ready to discuss. She ganged up my new advisor against me, and together they forced me to give up my code, results, paper drafts. I had to then leave the university without a degree.  Fast forward couple of years, I receive an email from a student in her lab (the student whom I had to hand over my work to), saying that they are publishing a paper, and have decided I am the fourth author. I read the paper and found out that it uses my experimental setup and design, data collection, and one of the ideas I had presented (the idea wasn’t the main crux of my paper, but I believe it was novel).  I want to   Publish my original draft in ArXiv/BioArXiv, as first author. Request my advisor to cite my work in their publication.    Given how she behaved with me, I know that despite what I am asking for sounds fair, she is likely to object.  I am asking the community: Can I go ahead and ArXiv it without her permission? I could add her as an author, but not take her permission. Also, if you have any other ideas on how to deal with this situation please let me know.  (For the record, this was at a top-10 school in the US in an engineering department). Here is my script:  #!/bin/bash  echo "Digite o local em que deseja instalar o IGRAFU(pressione enter para  instalar em  ${HOME}/IGRAFO):" read caminho if test -z $caminho then caminho="${HOME}/IGRAFO" fi echo "O IGRAFU será instalado no diretório: $caminho" mkdir -pv $caminho  mv -v ./* $caminho echo "Pronto!"   At 'read caminho' I may receive from the user a path like ~/somefolder. When the script receives that kind of path both mv and mkdir won't make tilde expansion, so it will try to create a ~/somefolder and not /home/username/somefolder and therefore fail.  How do I ensure that the tilde will be converted into the HOME variable? Can Xdebug be triggered by Drush commands? I'm running into an issue with my Features modules and installation profile when installing the site with drush si. There are a number of probably related issues in the Features issue queue, but none with good solutions. The interesting part (mentioned in some of the issues) is that it works fine when installing the site through the browser, but fails when installing with drush si.  I have an idea of what's wrong, but need to confirm it. The only way I can think of confirming it is to step through the code with a debugger (Xdebug is what I have set up). So, is it possible to trigger Xdebug from a command run with Drush? Specifically, can I get Xdebug to kick in when I run drush si? Currently, when someone suggests an edit, they are unable to keep track of it without watching reputation levels or constantly refreshing the page. What I would like is a notification, that shows up like the notification where someone has edited your question, that shows whether a suggested edit has been approved or rejected after the last vote is cast. This way, the community can be notified when their edit has been rejected/approved, while focusing their efforts on another question/answer. I have forgotten the password or username for my Google account, or I'm unable to access my account for other reasons.  How can I recover my account?  (This Q&amp;A is meant as a general description for all Google and Gmail username/password questions. See: )