I performed a dose-response experiment and I have estimated the LC50 and a confidence interval. I've been asked to provide results expressed in several units (mg/kg and mg/L).  I assume that I can transform my LC50, but I'm not sure about what happens with my confidence limits, as variance is implied in their calculation. However, . Sorry if this is a too basic question, but can I simply transform them as I do with my LC50?  That is, if (a) I transform my confidence limits from mg/kg to mg/L and (b) I fit a new regression on the mg/L values, will I obtain the same LC50 and the same confidence limits? Why?  Edit: I estimated the LC50 by a probit regression. CI calculations are based on Fieller's theorem.
Purpose: Construct a 95% confidence interval for $\theta$.   A common strategy is to construct a confidence interval for $\log(\theta)$ and then exponentiate.  Why is it valid?   My concern is that $E(\log(\theta)) \neq \log(E(\theta))$ and $Var(\log(\theta)) \neq \log(Var(\theta))$...   Do people use this back transformation because it has proven to work fine? What about other transformations (e.g. logit)?
Given a hotkey, how can I find which program owns it? how to make a regex string reject a blank field My group of 8 level 3 players are about to run through the Thundertree Ruins and will probably have a hand at fighting the dragon. My question stems from the fact that a single poison breath attack from the dragon will outright kill all but 1 player assuming they fail their saving throws.  I understand this encounter is supposed to be ridiculously deadly, but I don't want to be punishing my players for testing the lengths at which they can fight stuff. A fight should be challenging and they should be able to try and run away, but instant obliteration seems a bit much.  All PCs are level 3 (HP in parenthesis):   Wood elf moon druid  (27) dwarven frenzy barbarian (44) fire genasi archer ranger (37) (pseudodragon companion (12)) wood elf assassin rogue (27) human wild magic sorcerer (22) dragonborn fighter (29) human monk (24) human fighter (32) Adding Layer using esriRequest Response in ArcGIS API for JavaScript? For various reasons I need to add layers to a map object using a response returned by an esriRequest to an ArcGIS Server. One reason being the data will change constantly and hard coding FeatureLayer URLs would prove inefficient.  I have successfully been able to return a JSON object containing attribution that appears to be the same data one would see on the layers REST node.     maps = [];  require([     "esri/map", "esri/layers/FeatureLayer",      "esri/dijit/Print", "esri/tasks/PrintTemplate", "esri/request",      "esri/config","esri/dijit/BasemapToggle",      "dojo/_base/array", "dojo/dom", "dojo/parser",  "dojo/domReady!"  ], function (Map, FeatureLayer,Print, PrintTemplate, esriRequest,      esriConfig,BasemapToggle,arrayUtils, dom, parser){  parser.parse();  console.log("Map Start");  esriConfig.defaults.io.proxyUrl = "http://........./proxy.ashx";  maps.addRespLyrs = function addRespLyrs (layer) {     if (layer.type == "Feature layer") {         console.log(layer.name);         maps.map.addLayer(layer);     } };   maps.handleMapInfo = function handleMapInfo (resp) {     console.log("handleMapInfo called");     maps.layers = resp.layers;     console.log(maps.layers);     for (i in maps.layers) {         var layer = maps.layers[i];         maps.addRespLyrs(layer);     } };  maps.layerRequest = function layerRequest () {     var mapInfo = esriRequest({         "url": "https://........./Application Name/MapServer/layers",         "content" : {"f":"json"},         "handleAs" : "json",         "callbackParamName" : "callback"     });     mapInfo.then(maps.handleMapInfo); };  maps.map = new Map("cpCentCent", {     basemap:"topo",     center: [-98.5795, 39.8282],     zoom: 5 });   console.log("Map End");   When attempting to add the data using the addLayer() method I recieve an error thrown from deep with in esri's API.      init.js:199 TypeError: a.id.match is not a function(…) "TypeError: a.id.match is not a function   Any thoughts as to what could be going wrong here or how to create a layer from my JSON? How do you prove a number is prime? I am a software engineer but try to keep up with maths as I really enjoyed the subject at school. I just saw a great TED talk:   The talk states that the current largest known prime is $2^{57885161}-1$  This got me thinking - how does one actually prove whether a number this large is prime or not?  Is it just done by brute force via a computer algorithm or are there any well known mathematical techniques for doing so?  I would be really grateful for any pointers as I am eager to learn about these techniques (if they exist). If the original question is "What time is it?" and I want to communicate it to another person, are these Embedded Questions OK?        I don't know what time is it.       or        I didn't know what time was it. (if communicated later) Where should I post my sum-up of the answers, as the OP? Removing overlapping part of polygons using QGIS? Here is what I'd like to achieve in QGIS.   Is there a processing tool to remove the overlapping part of polygons?    It is also very important that they do not get merged during the process and that they keep their original attributes since I need to work with them afterwards. Question about a bijection between $\mathbb R$ and $\mathbb R \cup \{\infty\}$ About a bijection between $\mathbb R$ and $\mathbb R \cup \{\infty\}$  If we'll take a line $f(x)=\begin{cases} ax &amp;, x\in\mathbb R\\ 0 &amp;, x=\infty  \end{cases}$ then we'll have a bijection.   But about this function: $g(x)=\begin{cases} x &amp;, x\in\mathbb R\setminus \{0\}\\ 0 &amp;, x=\infty  \end{cases}$ ? it appears to be a bijection and it's even simpler. How does SO's (or other SE sites) versioning work of questions and answers? Do they use some standard piece of code or is it something homebrew?  With versioning I meant if for example a question is edited you'll see all the changes (a diff). How to install XAMPP? Hi all im a noob on Ubuntu/Linux World,  So i need some that give a full tutorial to How to install  from apachefriends.org correctly on Ubuntu 11.10 + all beyond Ubuntu for 32 bit and also 64 bit Desktop Version.. and also i need this:   Make a Folder on Your Home Folder and Linked to htdocs from Apache Web Server Make a GUI interface for Xmapp Start Xampp when Ubuntu Boot Up or Start Ubuntu   (Note: i ask it for both X86 and X64 so people in the further can see the tutorials)    New Data:  What i did was i download from  for now and i also what to say that I'm currently running Ubuntu 11.10 X64 bit for Dell Studio 1558 processor intel i3  i will let you know guys which solution was the best, and it is for a Desktop Version of Ubuntu 11.10 (Laptop 15 inch screen ^_^ ) not Server Ubuntu When is an elected moderator shown as "departed" on the election page? On Philosophy, one of the elected moderators has since deleted their account, and they're shown as "Departed" on :        However, , one of the elected moderators still has their "previous" flair shown in place, despite the fact that they've already resigned and left the Network completely in the wake of the recent events.        , the same happens (old flair remains), but without the clickable &lt;a&gt; around the image, and with a noticeable :        This looks inconsistent, so when exactly will a placeholder image showing "Departed" replace the flair for a departed election winner? 3-manifold examples of homomorphisms between fundamental groups that are not induced by continuous maps I am looking for some examples of closed, orientable 3-manifolds $M$ and $N$ and a homomorphism $\phi : \pi_1(M) \to \pi_1(N)$ such that $\phi$ is not induced by any continuous map $f : M \to N$.  Are there examples of this occurring for lens spaces?  I do not believe that this phenomenon can occur for maps between surfaces. Can Eigenvalues[] and Eigenvectors[] be assumed to return the same ordering? Does the limit $\lim _{x\to 0} \frac 1x \int_0^x \left|\cos \frac 1t \right| dt$ exists ? If it does then what is the value ?   I don't think even L'Hospital's rule can be applied . Please help . Thanks in advance Can I make `find` return non-0 when no matching files are found? Difference between declaring variables before or in loop? I have always wondered if, in general, declaring a throw-away variable before a loop, as opposed to repeatedly inside the loop, makes any (performance) difference?  A (quite pointless) example in Java:  a) declaration before loop:  double intermediateResult; for(int i=0; i &lt; 1000; i++){     intermediateResult = i;     System.out.println(intermediateResult); }   b) declaration (repeatedly) inside loop:  for(int i=0; i &lt; 1000; i++){     double intermediateResult = i;     System.out.println(intermediateResult); }   Which one is better, a or b?   I suspect that repeated variable declaration (example b) creates more overhead in theory, but that compilers are smart enough so that it doesn't matter. Example b has the advantage of being more compact and limiting the scope of the variable to where it is used. Still, I tend to code according example a.  Edit: I am especially interested in the Java case. Why do we yawn? I've read a new study which suggests that yawning may help you keep a cool head. Also, the findings might hold some hope for sufferers of insomnia, migraines, and even epilepsy.  Is there any conclusion about what the function of yawning is and why do we yawn? How can I run a different command but with the same arguments? For example, I edit and then run the same source.   vim arbit.py python arbit.py   I know I could run it from within vim, but I want a general solution on Bash. I keep finding situations where I reuse arguments.  How can I do that? How can I verify the following statement?     The image of a morphism $f : A \longrightarrow B$ is defined as $\text{Im}(f) = \text{Ke}r(\text{coke}r f)$ whenever it exists (e.g., in every abelian category). The morphism $f : A \longrightarrow B$ factors   uniquely through $\text{Im} f \longrightarrow B$ whenever $\text{Im} f$ exists, and $A \longrightarrow \text{Im} f$ is an epimorphism and a cokernel of ker $f \longrightarrow A$ in every abelian category.