Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 gnome-software-common all 3.28.1-0ubuntu4.18.04.1 [2,482 kB] Err:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 gnome-software-common all 3.28.1-0ubuntu4.18.04.1   Hash Sum mismatch   Hashes of expected file:    - SHA256:20e50c1116271b6c38526a5d78e78c51b86bc48c7c03d0005ebe06a3e3fb23de    - SHA1:01c39d0c31ccafba417891022bd61e6c32ae72a3 [weak]    - MD5Sum:4e0888a7d1cf9a766599c554287910c1 [weak]    - Filesize:2481700 [weak]   Hashes of received file:    - SHA256:af6b6c41ed8389b2aa5f672ede2c845baa5aa1eaeacec9de6ac34fac3fa53416    - SHA1:2a769e00e6d76749e0f2b3d54975efa7d6b60701 [weak]    - MD5Sum:6bfd90cbe01b7c3e5f666860f5bd73b2 [weak]    - Filesize:2481700 [weak]   Last modification reported: Thu, 17 May 2018 11:30:45 +0000 Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 ubuntu-report amd64 1.2.0~bionic [1,694 kB] Err:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 ubuntu-report amd64 1.2.0~bionic   Hash Sum mismatch   Hashes of expected file:    - SHA256:410b0572c1b66af9648c01bf66804c09986f00ed0843cf459a9d282c8d06402d    - SHA1:e731d01aa7370cf5a8882949c04c081816792db9 [weak]    - MD5Sum:153fa99051248ebfe7880ab9e04cc307 [weak]    - Filesize:1693624 [weak]   Hashes of received file:    - SHA256:c7df99a8fdc7812a29ed79900c32fab6b371821f17e6463acbee9ac0f8684df5    - SHA1:a57af71ecd4813d1a9190105d314248eac43f5b7 [weak]    - MD5Sum:3fb8028c3be9b1411cf21ceefef78d0d [weak]    - Filesize:1693624 [weak]   Last modification reported: Tue, 03 Jul 2018 07:03:24 +0000 Fetched 4,175 kB in 6s (708 kB/s)           E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gnome-software/gnome-software-common_3.28.1-0ubuntu4.18.04.1_all.deb  Hash Sum mismatch    Hashes of expected file:     - SHA256:20e50c1116271b6c38526a5d78e78c51b86bc48c7c03d0005ebe06a3e3fb23de     - SHA1:01c39d0c31ccafba417891022bd61e6c32ae72a3 [weak]     - MD5Sum:4e0888a7d1cf9a766599c554287910c1 [weak]     - Filesize:2481700 [weak]    Hashes of received file:     - SHA256:af6b6c41ed8389b2aa5f672ede2c845baa5aa1eaeacec9de6ac34fac3fa53416     - SHA1:2a769e00e6d76749e0f2b3d54975efa7d6b60701 [weak]     - MD5Sum:6bfd90cbe01b7c3e5f666860f5bd73b2 [weak]     - Filesize:2481700 [weak]    Last modification reported: Thu, 17 May 2018 11:30:45 +0000 E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/u/ubuntu-report/ubuntu-report_1.2.0~bionic_amd64.deb  Hash Sum mismatch    Hashes of expected file:     - SHA256:410b0572c1b66af9648c01bf66804c09986f00ed0843cf459a9d282c8d06402d     - SHA1:e731d01aa7370cf5a8882949c04c081816792db9 [weak]     - MD5Sum:153fa99051248ebfe7880ab9e04cc307 [weak]     - Filesize:1693624 [weak]    Hashes of received file:     - SHA256:c7df99a8fdc7812a29ed79900c32fab6b371821f17e6463acbee9ac0f8684df5     - SHA1:a57af71ecd4813d1a9190105d314248eac43f5b7 [weak]     - MD5Sum:3fb8028c3be9b1411cf21ceefef78d0d [weak]     - Filesize:1693624 [weak]    Last modification reported: Tue, 03 Jul 2018 07:03:24 +0000 E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?
When I check for updates, I get a "Failed To Download Repository Information" error.   This is what comes up under details:   W: Failed to fetch gzip:/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/us.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_natty_main_source_Sources  Hash Sum mismatch,  E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
Prove $\lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{a_n}{n}$ exists for positive sequence where $a_{n+m} \leq a_n + a_m$ Let $\{a_n\}_{n=1}^\infty$ be a positive sequence of real numbers such that $a_{n+m} \leq a_n + a_m.$  Prove that $\lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{a_n}{n}$ exists by showing that $\lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{a_n}{n} = \inf_{n \geq 1} \frac{a_n}{n}.$   A similar question has been posted previously, see  , and I have found that this is the general result of "Fekete's Subadditive Lemma" for sequences, but I am unhappy with the few proofs I've seen.  Perhaps the clearest one I have found is  , but this seems a bit tricky for what is expected on this qualifier question.  We are given a hint "treat $\liminf$ and $\limsup$ separately".  Does anyone know of a more direct way to show that this limit exists? I use the babel package in order to write in greek with font "kerkis".  I want to add code in english ("courier new" font) to my latex document but I get some difficulties.  Can anybody help me, please. Thank you in advance.  \documentclass[12pt]{article} \usepackage[english,greek]{babel} \usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} \usepackage{graphicx} \usepackage{fancybox} \usepackage{verbatim} \usepackage{courier} \usepackage{kerkis} \usepackage{float} \usepackage{geometry} \usepackage{fancyhdr} \usepackage{titlesec} \usepackage{tocloft} \usepackage{hyperref} \usepackage{afterpage} \usepackage{color}    \usepackage{listings}  \renewcommand{\lstlistingname}{Κώδικας}  \lstset{  %matlab   backgroundcolor=\color{white},     basicstyle=\normalsize,    % COURIER NEW?        commentstyle=\color{green},    % comment style   escapeinside={\%*}{*)},           extendedchars=true,               frame=single,                              keywordstyle=\color{blue},       % keyword style   numbers=left,                     numbersep=5pt,                     numberstyle=\normalsize\color{black},    rulecolor=\color{black},           stepnumber=1,                      stringstyle=\color{magenta},     % string style }   \begin{document}  \selectlanguage{greek} Ελληνικά: \textlatin{this word means greek}  \selectlanguage{english} Now I write in english  \selectlanguage{greek} Ελληνικά  %\selectlanguage{english}???  \begin{lstlisting}[caption = \textlatin{example1.m}] { % Entropy E = 0; for i = 1:J     if p(i) ~= 0         E = E + p(i)*log2(1/p(i));     end end } \end{lstlisting}  \end{document} The user who first created a tag wiki is treated as owner for suggested edits was declined by the user who created the tag wiki excerpt, who doesn't yet have the reputation to be a trusted user. (The site is still in beta, and the reputation necessary to be a trusted user is 4000.)        Should the user who first proposed a tag wiki, or a tag wiki excerpt be the one who can unilaterally decide about a proposed edit for a tag wiki? The user who first proposed it isn't necessarily the one who knows if the tag's purpose can be better described with different words, nor does that user necessarily know if the tag has been lately used differently from how it was first used. Since a tag wiki is different from other posts, there should be an exception to the rule "the author of a post can unilaterally decide about any edits."  The paradox is then that the creator of a tag wiki still needs two users to approve their suggested edit. That's what happened in .        The funny fact is that in the revisions for the tag wiki, or tag excerpt (as in the screenshot), the tag wiki/excerpt is said to be created from the Community user.        This bug is  definitely . Check if this proof about real numbers with an irrational product is correct. Can anyone confirm if my proof is correct, please?  Claim:- “If $x$ and $y$ are real numbers and their product is irrational, then either $x$ or $y$ must be irrational.”  Proof:-   Assume that both $x$ and $y$ are rational. Now, let $x = \dfrac pq$ and $y = \dfrac mn$ since both of them are rational. $xy =\dfrac pq * \dfrac mn = \dfrac{pm}{qn}$ Thus, if the product $xy$ can be written as a fraction, it's not a irrational number. Therefore if one of $x$ and $y$ is not irrational, then the product is not irrational.  By the principle of proof by contraposition, If $x$ and $y$ are real numbers and their product is irrational, then either $x$ or $y$ must be irrational. What is the purpose of wrapping whole Javascript files in anonymous functions like “(function(){ … })()”? While browsing I have received notification on Google "Unusual traffic from your computer network"   We're sorry..."your computer or network may be sending automated queries. To protect our users, we can't process your request right now." See Google Help for more information.  Right now I am using the "Ubuntu 12.04" 32 bit version.  Any suggestion, why this is happens &amp; How it resolve?  Thank you for your worthy suggestion. How to access the grub boot menu in order to generate bootchart? I am running Ubuntu Gnome 15.04, and I want to generate a bootchart to help me diagnose some system problems. However in  it says:    So how do I access the grub boot menu in order to append this text? And just to be clear, how should the line look once I have appended the necessary text? Also, is grub already installed for I don't appear to have either or these packages: grub or grub2?    OS Information:  No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description:    Ubuntu 15.04 Release:    15.04 Codename:   vivid Magic quotes in PHP According to the , in order to make code more portable, they recommend using something like the following for escaping data:  if (!get_magic_quotes_gpc()) {     $lastname = addslashes($_POST['lastname']); } else {     $lastname = $_POST['lastname']; }   I have other validation checks that I will be performing, but how secure is the above strictly in terms of escaping data? I also saw that magic quotes will be deprecated in PHP 6. How will that affect the above code? I would prefer not to have to rely on a database-specific escaping function like mysql_real_escape_string(). Geometric interpretation of Electromagnetism For gravity, we have    General Relativity, which is a geometric theory for gravitation.  Is there a similar analog for Electromagnetism? I am using the 2D Animation preset and so far every new scene I made had the same bright white background. Now my two latest scenes (created with 'copy settings') have a light grey background even though they are set to white. There's also no difference in surface, nodes or strength.  There are apparently exist different background shades with an off-white color but selecting the white one doesn't help either What is wrong with this proof?    Is $\pi=4?$ Would this hypothetical rule change ever matter? One of  is     104.3f If a player would both win and lose the game simultaneously, he or she loses the game.   . However, it seems to me like it "ought to be" the case that if there are only 2 players and  [A loses] ​ [B loses] ​ [B wins]  would occur simultaneously, then B should win, since  win-and-lose-simultaneously should be better than just-lose.  For that reason, it seems like the     Proposed Alternative : ​ ​ ​ If, simultaneously, all players would lose the game and      some players would win the game, then the players who would not win the game      lose the game, and the game is a draw between the remaining players. ​ Otherwise,      if a player would both win and lose the game simultaneously, he or she loses the game.   would make more sense. ​ However, I can't think of any situations in which that would matter.  Are there any possible situations in which my proposed alternative  would yield a different result from the actual rule? Where are my Minecraft saves located? Does it make sense to combine PCA and LDA? Assume I have a dataset for a supervised statistical classification task, e.g., via a Bayes' classifier. This dataset consists of 20 features and I want to boil it down to 2 features via dimensionality reduction techniques such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and/or Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA).  Both techniques are projecting the data onto a smaller feature subspace: with PCA, I would find the directions (components) that maximize the variance in the dataset (without considering the class labels), and with LDA I would have the components that maximize the between-class separation.  Now, I am wondering if, how, and why these techniques can be combined and if it makes sense.  For example:   transforming the dataset via PCA and projecting it onto a new 2D subspace transforming (the already PCA-transformed) dataset via LDA for max. in-class separation   or    skipping the PCA step and using the top 2 components from a LDA.   or any other combination that makes sense. I have a computer with Windows XP installed.  My user does not have a password.  When Windows starts, it goes to the login screen. Because my user has no password, is there any way to bypass this screen, and log in automatically? I opened Cairo-dock in my terminal with: open cairo-dock and that worked but if I close the terminal it goes with it. How can I keep it open regardless of the terminal? character "5" repeated in text fields, and system freezes I am running Ubuntu 15.10, with the latest updates.  When I type in a text field (google search, type name of file, etc..) the number 5 gets typed on its own and it keeps repeating until I press ESC and when I try to continue typing the number 5 resumes filling in the text field.  I have tried to set the keyboard repeat to zero, but does not help.  This does not happen all the time, sometimes if I shut down the computer it then behaves normally when I restart it, other times the computer becomes useless because I cannot type in any of the text fields.  Thanks Sal Seeking English term for relationship between two members of extended family? Here at the Genealogy and Family History Stack Exchange we see many questions about relationship mapping which is also known as:   relationship calculation kinship terminology etc   If you are just trying to understand how to calculate "cousins and removes" then  provides an excellent guide.  However, if you are seeking an English term for a more complicated relationship between two members of an extended family, rather than asking a question like:          site users are encouraged to first review the answers below.    Note: This Q&amp;A arises from  and is set to  to help make it canonical. How to remove \n from a list element? Show Log of the Sql statements that QGIS generates to retrieve Data from Postgis Is there a ways to  - make QGis log its generated SQL Statement or to - force POSTGIS to log all interaction with QGIS?  There is something strange happening to the WFS layer I retrieve in QGIS, since it does  not select all data available in the respective database table. I need to find out, what criteria QGIS chooses in order to narrow down the select set.