On my laptop, I had Windows 7 Home Premium preinstalled. A year or so ago, I dual-booted it with Ubuntu 14.04 LTS.   I now want to upgrade Windows 7 to Windows 10 (it's free, so why not?) when it's released.  However, I'm unsure whether this will affect GRUB and stop me from accessing my Ubuntu partition. I need both operating systems and can't afford to lose either.  If this will affect GRUB, how can I restore GRUB so I can access both operating systems?  Thanks in advance.  EDIT: Just to be clear, I already have a dual-boot set up, where Ubuntu was installed alongside a pre-existing Windows installation. I now want to upgrade Windows (from 7 to 10) but am worried it will affect GRUB and my ability to boot into Ubuntu.  UPDATE: I installed Windows 10 and it ended up leaving GRUB alone. Selecting the Windows 7 option booted me into Windows 10.
I installed Windows on my computer, followed by an installation of Ubuntu. However, now I'm unable to boot into my Windows install.  What can I do to fix this?
Why can't Python's raw string literals end with a single backslash? Visiting Greece with back-to-back Schengen visas (One from Germany, other from Italy) Why was a moved question deleted? Moderator to whom deletion is attributed claims they didn't do it A  appears to have been deleted, and deletion is attributed to a moderator,  deleted by Sathyajith Bhat♦ 12 hours ago , however,  (however, they did previously (unsuccessfully) tried migrating it to another site in the network where they're also a moderator, but migration was rejected by another moderator, it was then on hold on webapps, and then the hold was removed, which was supposed to have been the end of it).  Can someone explain what's going on here?  And restore the question that clearly wasn't meant to have been deleted, was a HNQ, and has 75 votes on the question, plus 74 votes on the top answer, and 56 on second answer; and 19 on third?  There's a lot of links to this question, too, and now they're all broken, making SE look like a community hostile to a popular question ontopic for the site it was on. User systemd PulseAudio service Not much else to this question: I would like to know what I need to create a PulseAudio systemd service to be run with systemd --user.  I've tried a few different things, including various user services from Google, but I can't get it set up just right between dbus and everything else required for it.  Update: It seems to work ok with graphical sessions, but I'm still having some inconsistancy with dbus when logging in through console.  But PulseAudio is starting rather reliably, so I'm not overly concerned. Why does an electron shell further away from nucleus has higher energy level? Using electrical potential energy $V=\frac{1}{4\pi \varepsilon_0} \frac{Q_1 Q_2}{r}$ , a particle further away from nucleus has lower magnitude of energy.  Using Coulomb's law, a particle further away from nucleus experiences weaker attraction, hence less energy is needed to maintain orbit$^\star$ around that e-shell compared to a electron shell closer to nucleus, hence the one closer to nucleus supposedly should have higher energy.  $^\star$I know in reality $e^-$ does not orbit around a atom, but its position exists as a probability density or radial probability function. Sets with no asymptotical density over $\mathbb N$ Let's consider the  defined by:      Take $ A\subset \mathbb N$; define the sequence $x_n= \dfrac{|A\cap[1,n]|}{n}$, and then if $\lim\limits_{n\to\infty} x_n$ exists, call it $d(A)$, the density of $A$ over $\mathbb N$.   My teacher said that the collection of sets that have a natural density is not an algebra, but I don't know why. I can't even find a set that does not have a natural density.  Please help me )= When you cast invisibility on your turn, and walk away from 2 enemies, do they get an attack of opportunity? When a PC is in melee with a creature, casts the basic invisibility spell, and leaves melee, does an NPC get an attack of opportunity? For example,   If this van's a-rockin', don't come a-knockin'  (song title)   (song title)   I have a few related questions:   What is the "a-" or "-a" called? Is there a function beyond a rhythmic one? Why is "a-" attached to a word at all -- and why attach to a word at all? Can we have a way to edit bounty custom message? I put up  over on SO with the assumption that the text would be formatted like it is for a question or answer.  I'm not really sure if I was incorrect in my assumption, or if I just formatted my text improperly, as I can't go back and edit what I put in.  Am I missing an obvious feature?  If not, would it be reasonable to request bounty-text edits—perhaps with moderator-approval to prevent abuse?  Edit: I was trying to use markdown to produce an unordered list as part of my bounty.  What you see in the link is a blob of text with dashes separating phrases Let's consider it case by case:  Case 1: Charged particle is at rest. It has an electric field around it. No problem. That is its property.  Case 2: Charged particle started moving (it's accelerating). We were told that it starts radiating EM radiation. Why? What happened to it? What made it do this?  Follow up question: Suppose a charged particle is placed in uniform electric field. It accelerates because of electric force it experiences. Then work done by the electric field should not be equal to change in its kinetic energy, right? It should be equal to change in K.E + energy it has radiated in the form of EM Waves. But then, why don't we take energy radiated into consideration when solving problems? (I'm tutoring grade 12 students. I never encountered a problem in which energy radiated is considered.) If replicators allowed humans to stop working, why were replicators shut down in the Voyager? Does timbre consist in pitch and volume? I read that the physical properties of a sound wave correspond to its audible qualities: pitch, volume, and timbre. However, an oscilloscope uses only two-dimensions to accurately depict the physical properties of a wave. Intuitively, pitch and volume seem more basic than timbre does, so I surmise that timbre must consist in those two properties.    Does timbre consist in those two properties? How do two-dimensional waveform diagrams depict three properties of sound waves? Draw Vertices of Regular Polygon I am trying to draw just the nodes (no sides) at the vertices of a regular hexagon.  should be easily modified to accomplish what I want, but I am such a novice that I have difficulty understanding the example. Ideally, each vertex would be a separate named node so that I can easily draw edges between them (I will be making several different graphs using these same nodes). How can I log into a different Google account? It only shows one of my Google accounts. I want to log into a different one but I don't want them connected in any way. What do I do? What is this electronics symbol (four triangles?) How do you write this in LaTeX: Can we move "Start a bounty" to a more intuitive location? Difference between 'max distance' and 'radius' in Physics.SphereCastAll This is a  about Active Directory domain naming.   After experimenting with Windows domains and domain controllers in a virtual environment, I've realized that having an active directory domain named identically to a DNS domain is bad idea (Meaning that having example.com as an Active Directory name is no good when we have the example.com domain name registered for use as our website).   , but I'm still not sure about what other rules there are around naming Active Directory domains.  Are there any best practices on what an Active Directory name should or shouldn't be? Orthogonal complement examples