Is there a way for the Python print statement containing a bash command to run in the terminal directly from the Python script?  In the example below, the awk command is printed on the terminal.   #!/usr/bin/python import sys  print "awk 'END{print NF}' file"   I can of course think of writing the print statement in a separate file and run that file as a bash script but is there a way to run the awk command directly from the python script rather than just printing it?
How do you call an external command (as if I'd typed it at the Unix shell or Windows command prompt) from within a Python script?
How to test for minimum amount of items in inventory and execute a command if true Word to describe someone who goes to all the events in town! I'm looking for a short word that could describe people who are always going to every event in town. It doesn't need to be an existing word, feel free to create one of your own. It can also be made of words related to events and parties. (ex: club, event, guest list, etc.)  Edit  The word will serve as a new term to describ these people in a favorable way. It will probably be used for an app name so it need to be catchy and fun. ( Preferably ) What does the -f parameter do in the tar command When using tar I always include -f in the parameters but I have no idea why.  I looked up the man and it said;  -f, --file [HOSTNAME:]F  use archive file or device F (default "-", meaning stdin/stdout)   But to be honest I have no idea what that means.  Can anyone shed any light on it? An error of Graphing Calculator Desmos? Can someone explain to me this error of the Desmos graphic calculator? Why ? For other values of $x$, the exact value of $f(x)$ is obtained.  Or am I wrong when I assure that $f(\sqrt2)=0$? Which of the following sets are compact in $\mathbb{M}_n(\mathbb{R})$[NBHM_PhD Screening Test-2013, Topology] Which of the following sets are compact in $\mathbb{M}_n(\mathbb{R})$ (a) The set of all upper triangular matrices all of whose eigenvalues satisfy $|\lambda|≤2 $. (b) The set of all real symmetric matrices all of whose eigenvalues satisfy $|\lambda|≤2 $. (c) The set of all diagonalizable matrices all of whose eigenvalues satisfy $|\lambda|≤2 $.  (a) &amp; (c) are not true. But I am not sure about (b).can anybody help me please. Fibonacci combinatorial identity: $F_{2n} = {n \choose 0} F_0 + {n\choose 1} F_1 + ... {n\choose n} F_n$ Can someone explain how to prove the following identity involving Fibonacci sequence  $F_n$  $F_{2n} = {n \choose 0} F_0 + {n\choose 1} F_1 + ... {n\choose n} F_n$ ? Proofs using theorems instead of axioms I'm not sure how to prove these basic theorems in propositional calculus. Instead of using the standard axioms, we're supposed to use:   Deduction Theorem (if $\Phi, \alpha \vdash \beta$ then $\Phi \vdash \alpha \to \beta$),  Reductio (if $\Phi, \alpha \vdash \, $, then $\Phi \vdash \lnot \alpha$), Cut Rule (if $\Phi \vdash \alpha$ and $\Psi, \alpha \vdash \beta$ then $\Phi \cup \Psi \vdash \beta$),  Inconsistency Effect (if $\Phi \vdash \, $, then $\Phi \vdash \beta$ for every formula $\beta$), and  the Principle of Indirect Proof (if $\Phi, \lnot \alpha \vdash \, $, then $\Phi \vdash \alpha$),    as all the axioms can be deduced using these theorems.  I don't really know how to start the proofs without using the axioms:  i) prove that $\lnot(\alpha \to \beta) ⊢ \alpha$  ii) prove that $\lnot\alpha \vdash \alpha \to \beta$  Any suggestions on how to start these proofs or any insight at all would be greatly appreciated!  Thanks! note: this question has been updated to reflect that we are currently using MySQL, having done so, I would like to see a how much easier it would be if we switched to a CTE-supporting database.  I have a self-referencing table with a primary key, id and a foreign key parent_id.  +------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field      | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra          | +------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id         | int(11)      | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |  | parent_id  | int(11)      | YES  |     | NULL    |                |  | name       | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |                |  | notes      | text         | YES  |     | NULL    |                |  +------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+   Given a name, how can I query the top-level parent?  Given a name, how can I query all of the id's associated with a record of name = 'foo'?  context: I am not a dba, but am planning to ask a dba to implement this type of hierarchical structure and would like to test some queries. The motivation for doing so is described by .    Here is an example of the relationships among ids in the table:    -- ----------------------------------------------------- -- Create a new database called 'testdb' -- ----------------------------------------------------- SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0; SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0; SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='TRADITIONAL';  CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS `testdb` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 COLLATE latin1_swedish_ci ; USE `testdb` ;  -- ----------------------------------------------------- -- Table `testdb`.`observations` -- ----------------------------------------------------- CREATE  TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `testdb`.`observations` (   `id` INT NOT NULL ,   `parent_id` INT NULL ,   `name` VARCHAR(45) NULL ,   PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE = InnoDB;  SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE; SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS; SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS;  -- ----------------------------------------------------- -- Add Example Data Set -- -----------------------------------------------------   INSERT INTO observations VALUES (1,3), (2,5), (3,NULL), (4,10),     (5,NULL), (6,1), (7,5), (8,10), (9,10), (10,3); MPI Get Processor with Minimum value Since , how do I uninstall it from my desktop system?  (Please note: This question is not about Unity 7, which is still supported at the time of this writing and should remain installed if present.) Smoke Generator does not work When I try to run the smoke simulator in Blender 2.62 I get no smoke at all. When I attempt to render, the only output is a black screen. What am I doing wrong here that is making the smoke simulation not render?  Is it a mistake I made, or a problem with Blender version 2.62? How to delete the files in one folder which are more than 60 days old in UNIX? When replacing non-grounding type receptacles is a GFCI receptacle required, or can any GFCI device be used? Under the NEC (it was 210(7)(d)(3), but appears to have moved around some), it is permissible to replace an ungrounded receptacle with a GFCI receptacle, then wire further ungrounded or non-grounded (i.e. a NEMA 5 without a ground wire hooked up) receptacles on the circuit to the load side of the GFCI, all in lieu of running a ground wire in order to replace the existing ungrounded receptacles with grounded receptacles.  However: does this permission extend to replacing the branch circuit overcurrent protection device with a GFCI-type circuit breaker (or a CAFCI breaker that provides ground fault protection for personnel)?  Or can only GFCI receptacles be used for this retrofit? The NEC's verbiage does not make mention of breaker-type GFCIs... I have read this topic:   There, the issue is handling two different generations of PHP (PHP 4 vs PHP 5), but what I need is to make all but one of my server accounts work under 5.3 and just a single domain under 5.2.  I cannot make this through Apache models, and the answer from  does not apply since in my case I can't use a different port - this is a regular website  on the same server. I would like to get the path to the execution directory of a Windows Forms application. (That is, the directory in which the executable is located.)  Does anyone know of a built-in method in .NET to do this? My online friend is asking for money in order to visit my home country. Is this a legit request or a scam? On Travel.SE we often see questions about a person (usually a love interest) asking for money to pay for airfare, visas, permits and other expenses. For example        What general advice can be given in such situations to the person asking the question? Is it all a scam or can there be legitimate situations in which an online friend could be asking for money? Use chown to set the ownership of all a folder's subfolders and files? How can I use the chown command to change the ownership of all a folder's subfolders and files? For each $y \in \mathbb{R}$ either no $x$ with $f(x) = y$ or two such values of $x$. Show that $f$ is discontinuous. Placing items before \documentclass When looking in books or at sample code, I always see \documentclass appearing first. Is that absolutely necessary?  I have created some test code which seems to compile fine:  \def\SetClass{article} \documentclass{\SetClass} \begin{document}     This is some text. \end{document}   Is there any problem with placing other items, such as \input, \usepackage, or such details before the \documentclass? Java: how do I check if a Date is within a certain range?