"Only by playing fair, and also without fear, will you ever win."  What is its meaning?    I don't understand the last part "will you ever win". Is it a question?
I have seen this construction quite often:      Online ads have been around since the dawn of the Web, but only in   recent years have they become the rapturous life dream of Silicon   Valley.   What is the rule there?. When your sentence doesn't start with pronoun + verb, invert them as verb + pronoun?. I know it sounds awkward but is it possible (grammatically correct) to use something similar to:      Online ads have been around since the dawn of the Web, but only in   recent years they have become...   And in any case, does this only work with have (or has)? Maybe it works fine with 'had' but I can't think of an example right now.
Environment variables are not passed to sub scripts while running on crontab I was trying to run one of the scripts (for example, wrapper.sh) which internally executes other scripts using crontab. It works fine without any issues.  When I have created a environment file (which stores the passwords-DB and paths) and trying to execute the main script (wrapper.sh) the cron entry doesn't work on those scripts which are called internally in the wrapper.  NOTE: I tried changing PATH, added env file location before the script in cron but it still didn't work:  9 9 * * * . /$SOMEPATH/some.env; /$SOMEPATH/wrapper.sh   The environment script and wrapper.sh are in same path. when the cron runs it passes the env variables to wrapper but not to the scripts which are called internally in wrapper. Also a mail is received on /var/mail/$user saying the env file as "No such file or Directory". I've gone through many posts but couldn't figure out the resolution. was created on Server Fault, answered on Server Fault, I upvoted some of those answers on Server Fault, and then moved by consensus to Super User.  Now that the question is on Super User, I can upvote the same answers I previously upvoted on Server Fault. Batch Rename (remove specific character) Files Why does the new review page sometimes shows questions to vote to close without anybody having voted to close it? I was reviewing  for , and noticed that nobody voted to close it, even though the page reports a duplicate.      Why does this happen? How to add a subclass as a subview so that background of subview is set in front of superview How do I attach events to dynamic HTML elements with jQuery? Recently I had a bunch of my own scripts for the thumbnails in Nautilus: , , office documents and so on.  Seems like either I’m doing something wrong (thumbnail generation behavior changed), or custom thumbnailes don’t work in latest GNOME at all, even my previous scripts, which worked smoothly on previous versions of Ubuntu.  I’ve done some research, tried to run a simple script (see below) and it didn’t work out.  My test thumbnailer in /usr/share/thumbnailers/z.thumbnailer:  [Thumbnailer Entry] Exec=/home/maximal/thumb.sh %s %i %u %o MimeType=image/webp;image/x-webp   Where /home/maximal/thumb.sh is:  #!/bin/bash echo $0 &gt;&gt; /home/maximal/thumb.log echo $1 &gt;&gt; /home/maximal/thumb.log echo $2 &gt;&gt; /home/maximal/thumb.log echo $3 &gt;&gt; /home/maximal/thumb.log echo $4 &gt;&gt; /home/maximal/thumb.log   Then, when I remove thumbnail cache rm -rf ~/.cache/thumbnails and restart Nautilus nautilus -q, my log file doesn’t contain anything and ~/.cache/thumbnails/fail/gnome-thumbnail-factory contains all the failed thumbs (looks like corrupted/empty PNGs):    So, apparently, Nautilus even didn’t try to execute my thumbnailer script. When I try to run thumb command itself, it works perfectly. For example convert through cwebp|dwebp package:  convert -thumbnail 256x256 file.webp png:file.webp.png   When I wrap this command to a thumbnailer, it looks like it wasn’t even requested to run by Nautilus.  [Thumbnailer Entry] Exec=convert -thumbnail %sx%s %i png:%o MimeType=image/webp;image/x-webp;   Exactly the same situation occurs with other my thumbnailers: audio waveforms, office documents, photoshop files and so on.  Could anyone help? Why does my user number show up in the search box when clicking my profile information? Let $f(x)\in C^2:[0,1]\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ satisfy $f(0)=0,f(1)=1,f'(0)=f'(1)=0$, prove that: $$\max_{x\in[0,1]}|f''(x)|\ge4$$  By using Taylor series I can prove that $\max_{x\in[0,1]}|f''(x)|\ge2$, but I cannot go further. Old title - "change resolution to 1280x1024 using xrandr gives: X Error of failed request: BadValue (integer parameter out of range for operation)"  I have installed a fresh Ubuntu 17.10 and have a monitor with 5:4 resolution. settings has no resolution higher than 1024x768. But I need the resolution 1280x1024 (5:4).  I use the default motherboard graphics card:  # lspci|grep VGA 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 4 Series Chipset Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 03)   Also xrandr gives the following:  $ xrandr Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1024 x 768, maximum 8192 x 8192 XWAYLAND0 connected 1024x768+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 0mm x 0mm    1024x768      59.92*+   I tried to add the 1280x1024 resolution using xrandr. so first created the resolution information using gtf:  $ gtf 1280 1024 60    # 1280x1024 @ 60.00 Hz (GTF) hsync: 63.60 kHz; pclk: 108.88 MHz   Modeline "1280x1024_60.00"  108.88  1280 1360 1496 1712  1024 1025 1028 1060  -HSync +Vsync   Then added to resolutions:  xrandr --newmode "1280x1024_60.00"  108.88  1280 1360 1496 1712  1024 1025 1028 1060  -HSync +Vsync   then again did the command: xrandr --addmode XWAYLAND0 1280x1024_60.00  Then nothing changed. When I tried to change it using xrandr --output XWAYLAND0 --mode 1280x1024_60.00 --rate 60 But an error occurred:  $ xrandr --output XWAYLAND0 --mode 1280x1024  --rate 60 X Error of failed request:  BadValue (integer parameter out of range for operation)   Major opcode of failed request:  140 (RANDR)   Minor opcode of failed request:  7 (RRSetScreenSize)   Value in failed request:  0x0   Serial number of failed request:  21   Current serial number in output stream:  22   I don't know what did I do wrong. Or how to change resolution to the correct one: 1280x1024 Obviously, you can use the | (pipe?) to represent OR, but is there a way to represent AND as well?  Specifically, I'd like to match paragraphs of text that contain ALL of a certain phrase, but in no particular order. What is a "callback" in C and how are they implemented? From the reading that I have done, Core Audio relies heavily on callbacks (and C++, but that's another story).    I understand the concept (sort of) of setting up a function that is called by another function repeatedly to accomplish a task.  I just don't understand how they get set up and how they actually work.  Any examples would be appreciated. Good practices for organizing notes In natural language parsing, what is the feature function? I'm working in the area of natural language processing, to be specific I'm reviewing the parsers that take advantage of data-mining techniques.   I've read an introduction to natural language processing, specifically the  by Della Pietra and others. In that paper, the authors explain that features are indicator functions that take into account certain aspects of the text. The problem is that this aspects affect the maximum entropy function.  In the case of parsing, I have problems understanding the concept of features. For parsing one must have:   Two sets, $X$ for the sentences and $Y$ for the parses For each sentence $x \in X$, one must have the N-best list of candidate parses; denoted $GEN(x) \subset Y$. Training samples $(x_j,y_j)$. The $x_j$ are sentences and the $y_j$ are parses. And a feature mapping $\Phi(X,Y)$ that maps each pair (x,y) to a vector of feature values.   The problem of parsing will consist of finding the weight vector such that the following expression is minimized  $$ -\sum log P(y_j|x_j,w) + \lambda ||w||_1 $$  where   $$ P(y_j|x_j,w) = \frac{exp \{w^T \Phi(x_j,y_j)\}   }{ \sum_{u \in GEN(x)} exp\{ w^T\Phi(x_j,u) \}  } $$  My question is, what are the features in this case? Some codified version of the parsing tree? Are the features a statistical concept?  I will also appreciate any bibliography that can be useful in tackling this issue.  UPDATE: I've talked to a professor and he had just told me that the features are obtained after doing a classification algorithm based on the parse-tree. Do you know what kind of classification is done with the parse tree? I have a Transcend Storejet external USB hard disk. This is not an SSD, but a mechanical disk with rotating plates. I have formatted the whole disk, without partitioning, as NTFS. I have used mkntfs tool under Linux.  When plugged into a Linux machine, the system sees a drive with two partitions (/dev/sdc /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdc2). However, as I know it is a partitionless disk, I can mount the whole device (mount -t ntfs /dev/sdc /mnt) and it works without any problems.  When plugged into a MS Windows XP machine, the systems sees a disk with two unformatted partitions, and it does not assign a drive letter to either the whole disk, nor to any of the partitions.  Would anyone know how to get MS Windows to mount my disk as a NTFS superfloppy?  I have already tried removing old USB mounting points and residual devices using 'DriveCleanup'. It did not help.  By the way, I also have an external Kingston USB SSD, also formatted as NTFS superfloppy, without partitioning. However, this one is recognized and mounted normally by MS Windows. Why doesn't LaTeX hyphenate words containing accents, e.g. "développement"? In this MWE, Latex doesn't hyphen the word "développement" and prefer to create a HUGE hbox.   \documentclass[a4paper,12pt,dvipsnames]{report} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[french]{babel} \usepackage{lmodern} \usepackage[a4paper, showframe]{geometry}  % Title Page \title{} \author{}   \begin{document} \section{Section}  \subsection{Subsection} \begin{description}  \item [Marhalie Toucse : ]  ingénieure de la plate-forme SORTATZ. Elle réalise   le développement du projet des tex écrit pour lipsum lagae legarc sgsi text text text text text text text text text.  \end{description} \end{document} Improve the editing flow with predefined options for "Edit Summary" Exterior power "commutes" with direct sum I know that for vector spaces $V, W$ over a field $K$, we have the following identity :  $$ \bigoplus_{k=0}^n \left[ \Lambda^k(V) \otimes_K \Lambda^{n-k}(W) \right] \simeq \Lambda^n(V \oplus W) $$ which holds in a canonical way : for $0 \le k \le n$, the maps  $$ \Lambda^k(V) \times \Lambda^{n-k}(W) \to \Lambda^n(V \oplus W), \\ (v_1 \wedge\cdots \wedge v_k,w_{k+1} \wedge \cdots \wedge w_n) \mapsto (v_1 \wedge \cdots \wedge v_k) \wedge (w_{k+1} \wedge \cdots \wedge w_n) $$ factors through the tensor product's universal properties, which gives us a map $\varphi_k : \Lambda^k(V) \otimes_K \Lambda^{n-k}(W) \to \Lambda^n(V \oplus W)$, and since the category of $K$-modules has biproducts, we get a canonical map  $$ \varphi = \bigoplus_{k=0}^n \varphi_k : \bigoplus_{k=0}^n \left[ \Lambda^k(V) \otimes_K \Lambda^{n-k}(W) \right] \longrightarrow \Lambda^n(V \oplus W) $$  What if I replace $K$ by a (commutative ring with $1$) ring $A$? Does this map have a kernel? I know it is surjective (it suffices to "look at it", i.e generators of the codomain are obviously all hit by $\varphi$). I don't know if it helps, but I am working in integral domains. In the field case, this is obvious if $V$ and $W$ are finitely generated, since one can use dimension arguments. I wouldn't mind if the above identity held only in the finitely generated case either. If it worked in general it would be cool though.   Note that when trying to compute the inverse map with the universal property, there seems to be a problem... my guess would have been $$ (v_1 + w_1,\cdots,v_n + w_n) \mapsto \bigoplus_{k=0}^n (v_1 \wedge \cdots \wedge v_k) \otimes (w_{k+1} \wedge \cdots \wedge w_n) $$ and this map is obviously $A$-multilinear, but there is a problem with the alternating property ; I get some terms left. I'm guessing this is the wrong map... if there is one. Every partially defined isometry can be extended to a isometry I know that the following theorem holds true:  Let $S$ be a subset of $\mathbb R^n$, and let $f:S\to \mathbb R^n$ a map such that $d(p,q)=d(f(p),f(q))$ for every $p,q \in S$ (here $d$ is the usual euclidean distance). Suppose that $0 \in S$ and $f(0)=0$. Then $f$ can be extended to an orthogonal transformation of $\mathbb R^n$.  I have two questions:   Can someone give me a reference of a proof of this theorem? I believe that the previous theorem holds true also if we change $\mathbb R^n$ with $\mathbb C^n$ and "orthogonal" with "unitary", with nearly the same proof. Does it holds true also in the $ \ell^2$ space? With the same proof? Is “might could” a correct construct?