I have a form with a file input.  &lt;input id="frm-documentForm-documentForm-files" class="required_1" type="file" data-nette-rules="[{"op":":filled","msg":"FILE\/S are mandatory!"}]" required="" multiple="" name="files[]"&gt;   And jquery code  $('#frm-documentForm-documentForm-files').change(function() {         $.ajax({             url: "?do=getProperties",             type: 'POST',             data: this,             processData: false,             contentType: "multipart/form-data",             success: function(data) {                 alert("success");             }         });   And when I dump post or files, both are empty. (array())  What do I need to do to fix it?  Thanks for you help.
I would like to upload a file asynchronously with jQuery.     $(document).ready(function () {     $("#uploadbutton").click(function () {         var filename = $("#file").val();          $.ajax({             type: "POST",             url: "addFile.do",             enctype: 'multipart/form-data',             data: {                 file: filename             },             success: function () {                 alert("Data Uploaded: ");             }         });     }); }); &lt;script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.2.0/jquery.min.js"&gt;&lt;/script&gt; &lt;span&gt;File&lt;/span&gt; &lt;input type="file" id="file" name="file" size="10"/&gt; &lt;input id="uploadbutton" type="button" value="Upload"/&gt;     Instead of the file being uploaded, I am only getting the filename. What can I do to fix this problem?
I need a shapefile for India which is up-to-date to display the regional borders. By up-to-date (in 2014), I mean that it includes Telangana as a state. Many shapefiles that I downloaded do not have Telangana as a state as it was partitioned a month ago, it is displayed as part of Andhrapradesh.  So I need the latest shapefile. Finding a clear difference between truth and fact I have been starting back in school after a long hiatus.  In one of my classes, a discussion of Truth began.  The problem I have had is that no one seems to have a solid definition between the two.   My earlier training and schooling left me with this definition, and I would like some feedback.  Fact - A point of data that can be directly qualified/quantified through confirmed, standardized measurement.  Truth - A point of data not directly qualified/quantified through confirmed, standardized measurement.  So fact would be that ice cream is cold, as we can place a measurement of the temperature.  Ice cream being tasty would be truth, as it is impossible to accurately measure "tasty".  Please let me know your thoughts. Increasing sequence of step functions and diverging Lebesgue Integrals Let $\{s_n\}$ be an increasing sequence of step functions which converges pointwise on an interval $I$ to a limit function $f$.  If $I$ is unbounded and if $f(x) \geq 1$ everywhere on $I$ except on a set of measure zero, prove that the sequence $\{\int_I s_n\}$ diverges.  (Here $\int_I s_n$ refers to the Lebesgue Integral.)  Conceptually, this makes sense.  Clearly, if $f(x) \geq 1$ almost everywhere on an unbounded interval, then the sequence of Lebesgue integrals should diverge.  However, in proving this, I am running into issues with the convergence of $\{s_n\}$ being pointwise.  If it were uniform, I could easily show this.  How do I show that (even for pointwise convergence) I can choose $n$ large enough to make $\int_I s_n$ as big as I want? Antonym of "phobia" If a phobia is to have an irrational fear of something, what is the word for having an irrational affinity for something?  For example a numerologist may fear the number 13, but be attracted to (or even have a love for) the number 8. (Some would say this is irrational.) Custom ordering of duplicate targets is not necessarily honored on mobile apps Levels or First Differences, VECM or VAR for Ultimate Impulse Response Functions? My final goal is to generate Impulse Response Functions in R.  I have variables that are non stationary when I set k = 5 in a Unit Root test, and they are cointegrated which to my understanding prompts the use of the VECM, from which the Vec2Var argument is used to then generate IRFs. However, my response functions from this methodology do not decay over time and mostly do not revert to the zero line.  Furthermore, I noticed that when I input first differenced variables into the VECM as opposed to level data above, response function do revert to the zero line. Therefore my first question is: 1) is it appropriate to use differenced variables in a VECM model?  Secondly, as an alternative I am considering restricting the number of lags used in the Unit Root tests so that the variables are not all non-stationary; in this case 2) would the use of VECM be void and the VAR with first differences be a more appropriate model? Again, using differenced data is giving me better response functions that revert to zero in the long run. However, 3) is it ok to use the VAR for stationary/non-stationary data in levels where these variables are still cointegrated?  Also, I am using growth rate variables, 4) should I still long transform all variables and use logs in all tests?  Thank you for the help! I had read a story / article about artificial intelligence, I think it was last year (2012) but I'm not sure when it was published. It was on an online blog for an institute I believe. I am telling the story in quotes, just to demarcate where the story begins and ends.  In the story, a scientist is trying to build a perfect AI system which can respond to human interaction perfectly. Apparently the only way this is possible is to make the computer believe that it is human. He creates what he believes is the solution, and asks a friend to volunteer for a test, and the friend agrees. For the test the friend is supposed to step into a tank full of a liquid. As soon as he enters the tank, he is told, he will lose all his sensations - no vision, no hearing etc. After entering the tank, he talks to the computer and responds, and isn't able to recognise that he is in fact talking to a computer. After some time (days? Don't remember) has passed, he begins to worry - why is he still trapped in the tank? At this point the scientist tells him that he is in fact the computer he has made, the memory that he has of the human life till the time he enters the tank has been implanted in the machine, so he thinks he is human. He is not in a tank, he is a computer, and that is why he can't see or feel anything. The story ends here.  It is told from the perspective of the computer itself, but since it is an article in a science blog / forum for a technical college, it feels like you're reading an actual experiment when you start reading. It was a rather nice surprise ending to the story in my opinion. I just can not seem to be able to locate the article / story anywhere. Can somebody who might have read this help me? Even just pointing me in the direction of the site it is hosted on would be great. Why are the orbits of planets in the Solar System nearly circular? Except for Mercury, the planets in the Solar System .  Is this property special to the Solar System?  :     Most exoplanets with orbital periods of 20 days or less have near-circular orbits of very low eccentricity. That is believed to be due to tidal circularization, an effect in which the gravitational interaction between two bodies gradually reduces their orbital eccentricity. By contrast, most known exoplanets with longer orbital periods have quite eccentric orbits. (As of July 2010, 55% of such exoplanets have eccentricities greater than 0.2 while 17% have eccentricities greater than 0.5.) This is not an observational selection effect, since a planet can be detected about equally well regardless of the eccentricity of its orbit. The prevalence of elliptical orbits is a major puzzle, since current theories of planetary formation strongly suggest planets should form with circular (that is, non-eccentric) orbits.   What is special about the Solar System that orbits of planets here are nearly circular, but elsewhere they are moderately or highly eccentric? "invalid use of incomplete type" error with partial template specialization The following code:  template &lt;typename S, typename T&gt; struct foo {    void bar(); };  template &lt;typename T&gt; void foo &lt;int, T&gt;::bar() { }   gives me the error  invalid use of incomplete type 'struct foo&lt;int, T&gt;' declaration of 'struct foo&lt;int, T&gt;'   (I'm using gcc.) Is my syntax for partial specialization wrong? Note that if I remove the second argument:  template &lt;typename S&gt; struct foo {    void bar(); };  template &lt;&gt; void foo &lt;int&gt;::bar() { }   then it compiles correctly. How is the "charge on a capacitor" defined when two plates are unequally charged? In Concepts of Physics by Dr.. H.C.Verma, in the chapter on "Capacitors", in page 144, under the topic "Capacitor and Capacitance" the following statement is given:     A combination of two conductors placed close to each other is called a capacitor. One of the conductors is given a positive charge and the other is given an equal negative charge. The conductor with the positive charge is called the positive plate and the other is called the negative plate. The charge on the positive plate is called the charge on the capacitor …   Note that the term charge on a capacitor does not mean the total charge given to the capacitor.   (Emphasis mine)  According to the above statement, "the charge on the capacitor" is the charge on the positive plate when both positive and negative plates of a capacitor are equally charged? How to extend this definition when the two plates are unequally charged?   Suppose we supply charges $+Q_1$ and $-Q_2$ to the positive and the negative plates respectively. After electrostatic conditions are attained, I determined the charge distribution on the four surfaces - outer surfaces and inner surfaces of the two plates. The charge on the outer surfaces of the two plates are equal to $\frac{Q_1-Q_2}{2}$. The magnitude of charge on the inner surface of the two plates is $\frac{Q_1+Q_2}{2}$.   Now coming to my doubt, if the "charge on the capacitor" is the charge on the positive plate, which surface of the positive plate should I want to consider - the outer one or the inner one? And what is the reason for this choice? It seems to me that, a capacitor with unequal charges on its plates is not a capacitor in the first place (inferred from the statement above). I have a 2-D probability distribution along the lines of this plot:  I know how to find the confidence interval for a 1-D probability distribution (by the definition of standard deviation or the 68-95-99 rule) but I don't know how to generalize that to 2-D to get a confidence region. I've been looking at Principle Component Analysis and covariance matrices, but most explanations or examples are for a 2D distribution of random vectors rather than a probability distribution so I'm not quite sure how to generalize it. How would I find the 1-$\sigma$/2-$\sigma$ regions for a 2D probability distribution? Edit: The question that was linked in the duplicate message refers to random vectors, whereas what I have is a probability distribution from data, with a continuous 2-D probability function as opposed to random vectors. As such, I cannot find the covariance matrix between two vectors because I DO NOT HAVE TWO VECTORS, and therefore cannot apply the process described in the linked question. If I were to analogize to 1-D, my issue is the difference between the standard deviation for a random distribution of samples, $\sigma=\sqrt{\frac{1}{N}\sum (x_{i}-\bar{x})^{2}}$, and the standard deviation for a probability distribution $\sigma=\sqrt{\sum (x_{i}-\bar{x})^{2}P(x_{i})}$. As far as I can tell, the method involving the covariance matrix is a generalization of the former. I need a generalization of the latter. If I'm wrong in my understanding, please let me know, but I don't think the other question gives me what I need. What's wrong with this .desktop file? I was trying to give the wording "isomorphic groups have the same structure" a precise interpretation, at least for the finite order case. A positive answer to my final question would reach the goal, as it would translate a "$\cong$" between groups into a "$=$" between sets.    For $n$ positive integer, let be:   $I_n:=\{1,\dots,n\}$; $G$, $\overline G$ groups of order $n$; $\psi\colon G \rightarrow \overline G$ isomorphism; $f$, $\bar f$ bijections; $\theta$, $\bar \theta$ embeddings; in general, $\varphi^{(\alpha)}$ the isomorphism between symmetric groups on sets of the same cardinality, defined by $\sigma \mapsto (g \mapsto (\alpha\sigma\alpha^{-1})(g))$, where $\alpha$ is a bijection between the sets; $S_n$ the symmetric group of degree $n$.   Visually:  $$ \newcommand{\ra}[1]{\kern-1.5ex\xrightarrow{\ \ #1\ \ }\phantom{}\kern-1.5ex} \newcommand{\ras}[1]{\kern-1.5ex\xrightarrow{\ \ \smash{#1}\ \ }\phantom{}\kern-1.5ex} \newcommand{\da}[1]{\bigg\downarrow\raise.5ex\rlap{\scriptstyle#1}} \begin{array}{c}    I_n     &amp;   &amp;    I_n      \\     \da{f}         &amp;           &amp;     \da{\bar f}          \\    G &amp; \ras{\psi} &amp;    \overline G  \\     \da{\theta}         &amp;           &amp;     \da{\bar \theta}          \\    \operatorname{Sym}(G) &amp; \ras{\varphi^{(\psi)}} &amp;    \operatorname{Sym}(\overline G)  \\     \da{\varphi^{(f)}}         &amp;           &amp;     \da{\varphi^{(\bar f)}}          \\    S_n &amp;  &amp;    S_n  \\ \end{array} $$     Is it $(\varphi^{(f)}\circ\theta)(G)=(\varphi^{(\bar f)}\circ\bar \theta)(\overline G)$? center align equation in ‎\documentclass[11pt,twoside,fleqn]{book}‎ How to alter touchpad settings on Ubuntu GNOME 16.04? After upgrading to Ubuntu GNOME 16.04 with GNOME 3.20 I have found that if I tap my touchpad it clicks which is something I do not want due to a faulty touchpad, previously I was able to disable this through the gnome-control-center, but seemingly there is no way to do this any more through there, so how do I do it? Also, even though it is set to false in gsettings and the dconf-editor seemingly for some reason somewhere in the system it is also set to true as it is behaving as such. I am also unable to set natural scrolling or any of the other touchpad settings seemingly, why not? Redirect automatically when selecting an item from a select drop-down list This page does it the way I want it to:   But I want to find a better way using jQuery, can anyone point me to a good script that uses jQuery to accomplish this? How can I debug my JavaScript code? Prove the inequality $|xy|\leq\frac{1}{2}(x^2+y^2)$ Wifi losing connection, weak signal, Intel 7260 adapter I yesterday upgraded from Windows to Ubuntu 15.04 but I have problem with my wireless adapter Intel Corporation Wireless 7260 (rev 73). It randomly loses internet connection. Restarting adapter always helps. (same it did with Windows, except that sometimes restarting adapter didn't help).   Additionally, I have weaker connection then I had with Windows.  Thank you! Import curly brackets from MathDesign (Utopia) I am using Fourier maths fonts with Utopia text (\usepackage{fourier}) for a book project, but I'm not satisfied with the curly brackets \{ and \}. They are too slim, and barely distinguishable from other brackets in font size 10. Utopia with MathDesign (\usepackage[utopia]{mathdesign}) seems to have better-looking curly brackets.  Is there a way of importing just the curly brackets from MathDesign to my document, sticking to Fourier otherwise. And are the curly brackets defined by the maths fonts even if they are used outside math mode, since with MathDesign you get better-looking brackets in normal text, too.    Following egreg's answer I added the suggested lines, but the sizes of the bigger brackets are incorrect. When I load type $\{\bigl\{\Bigl\{\biggl\{\Biggl\{$, this is what I get:    After a bit of research, I've found that the cause seems to be the amsmath package. I'm relying on amsmath quite heavily, so it would be nice to find a fix. Unfortunately, I have almost no experience in working with fonts in LaTeX myself.  Below is a working example:  \documentclass{article}  \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{fourier}  \DeclareSymbolFont{mdsymbols}     {OMS}{mdput}{m}{n} \DeclareSymbolFont{mdlargesymbols}{OMX}{mdput}{m}{n} \DeclareMathDelimiter{\lbrace}    {\mathopen}{mdsymbols}{"66}{mdlargesymbols}{"08} \DeclareMathDelimiter{\rbrace}    {\mathclose}{mdsymbols}{"67}{mdlargesymbols}{"09} \renewcommand{\textbraceleft}{%   {\fontfamily{mdput}\fontencoding{OMS}\selectfont\char"66}} \renewcommand{\textbraceright}{%   {\fontfamily{mdput}\fontencoding{OMS}\selectfont\char"67}}  \begin{document} $\{\bigl\{\Bigl\{\biggl\{\Biggl\{$ \end{document}