And I know there's std::cin, but that requires the user to enter a string, then press ENTER.  Is there a way to simply get the next key that is pushed without needing to press ENTER to confirm
I can never remember how I do this because it comes up so infrequently for me. But in C or C++, what is the best way to read a character from standard input without waiting for a newline (press enter).  Also ideally it wouldn't echo the input character to the screen. I just want to capture keystrokes with out effecting the console screen.
Mapping JSF .xhtml files to no extension A "non-believer" of C# was asking me what the purpose to extension methods was. I explained that you could then add new methods to objects that were already defined, especially when you don't own/control the source to the original object.  He brought up "Why not just add a method to your own class?" We've been going round and round (in a good way). My general response is that it is another tool in the toolbelt, and his response is it is a useless waste of a tool... but I thought I'd get a more "enlightened" answer.  What are some scenarios that you've used extension methods that you couldn't have (or shouldn't have) used a method added on to your own class? \mathbb{Z} yields undefined control sequence error What is "summoning sickness" and how does it affect my creatures? Note: this is intended to be a canonical question about summoning sickness.  "Summoning sickness", broadly, is the rule that stops you from attacking or paying {T} costs with a creature that you just played. But how exactly does it work? How does it interact with other rules and effects?  For example, if I'm trying to figure out how a creature is affected:   Does the status matter (tapped/untapped, face down/face up, etc.)? What if it came into play, but I didn't cast it? What if it's a token? What if it was on the battlefield when my turn started, but it wasn't a creature? What if it stops being a creature? What if it's a creature and also another card type? What if it's a double-faced card that just transformed? What if it changes control? What if it's a copy of another creature? Which of the creature's activated abilities can I use? Are any of its other abilities affected? Can I tap the creature to pay a cost that is not a {T} cost?   (These examples are primarily taken from questions about summoning sickness that have already been asked on the site) Words that mean ''to say something unintentional'' I have many tags marked as "interesting" and others as "ignored". (I use Java at work, I'm a Cocoa guy by night, any anything dealing with Windows/.NET/C# simply doesn't apply to me.) When tags are added to the list in the right navbar, they appear in the order in which they were added. There are several problems with this:   It can be difficult to visually locate a tag quickly, unless you have memorized its location. The tags appear as the same gray boxes like everywhere on SO, but with a small "x" afterward, and they wrap based on size. This tends to leave a ragged right margin and wasted space. Ordering based on when the tag was added is not always the most intuitive default. Various users might prefer to view them alphabetically, by popularity, recent activity, etc.   It would be nice to introduce a tabbed interface to switch between various orderings, and remember the value in the cookie, profile, etc. Coupled with this, perhaps users could specify a custom ordering that works best for them? (Currently the workaround is to copy all the tag names, remove them all, and re-add them in the desired order, but this is obviously annoying.)  Thoughts? The isomorphism $\mathbb{Z}[i]/(a+bi) \cong \Bbb Z/(a^2+b^2)\Bbb Z$ is , when the integers $a$ and $b$ are coprime. But what happens when they are not coprime, say $(a,b)=d&gt;1$?      — For instance if $p$ is prime (which is not coprime with $0$) then $$\mathbb{Z}[i]/(p) \cong \mathbb{F}_p[X]/(X^2+1) \cong \begin{cases} \mathbb{F}_{p^2} &amp;\text{if } p \equiv 3 \pmod 4\\ \mathbb{F}_{p} \times \mathbb{F}_{p} &amp;\text{if } p \equiv 1 \pmod 4 \end{cases}$$ (because $-1$ is a square mod $p$ iff $(-1)^{(p-1)/2}=1$).  — More generally, if $n=p_1^{r_1} \cdots p_m^{r_m} \in \Bbb N$, then  each pair of integers $p_j^{r_j}$ are coprime, so that by CRT we get $$\mathbb{Z}[i]/(n) \cong \mathbb{Z}[i]/(p_1^{r_1}) \times \cdots \times \mathbb{Z}[i]/(p_m^{r_m})$$  I was not sure how to find the structure of $\mathbb{Z}[i]/(p^{r}) \cong (\Bbb Z/p^r \Bbb Z)[X] \,/\, (X^2+1)$ when $p$ is prime and $r&gt;1$.  — Even more generally, in order to determine the structure of $\mathbb{Z}[i]/(a+bi)$ with $a+bi=d(x+iy)$ and $(x,y)=1$, we could try to use the CRT, provided that $d$ is coprime with $x+iy$ in $\Bbb Z[i]$. But this is not always true: for $d=13$ and $x+iy=2+3i$, we can't find Gauss integers $u$ and $v$ such that $du + (x+iy)v=1$, because this would mean that $(2+3i)[(2-3i)u+v]=1$, i.e. $2+3i$ is a unit in $\Bbb Z[i]$ which is not because its norm is $13 \neq ±1$.  — I was not able to go further. I recall that my general question is to known what $\mathbb{Z}[i]/(a+bi)$ is isomorphic to, when $a$ and $b$ are integers which are not coprime (for instance $a=p^r,b=0$ or $d=(a,b) = a^2+b^2&gt;1$).  Thank you for your help! Independence of Gaussian variables Indicating a name change after publication My wife has publications under both her maiden name and her married name. How should she indicate that this is the case on her CV, if she wants to mention publications from both time periods? Intuition for uniform continuity of a function on $\mathbb{R}$ I understand the formal definition of uniform continuity of a function, and how it is different from standard continuity.  My question is: Is there an intuitive way to classify a function on $\mathbb{R}$ as being uniformly continuous, just like there is for regular continuity? I mean, that for a "nice" function $f:\mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$, it is usually easy to tell if it is continuous on an interval by looking at or thinking of the graph of the function on the interval, or on all of $\mathbb{R}$. Can I do the same for uniform continuity? Can I tell that a function is uniformly continuous just by what it looks like? Ideally, this intuition would fit with the Heine-Cantor theorem for compact sets on $\mathbb{R}$. "Ten times fewer the number" versus "one-tenth the number" Lately I've been hearing and reading statistics that are communicated in wording that, frankly, confuses me.  Forgive me for not citing specific instances, but I can give a hypothetical statistic that exemplifies the kind I'm referring to:     Comparing the number of tax returns the IRS audited in 2002 and 2010, the number of unlucky folks who had their returns audited in 2002 was ten times fewer than the number in 2012.    There is something about that wording that bothers me, and I'm not sure why.    After a fruitless search on the internet using numerous combinations/permutations of words and phrases such as "X times fewer," "X times less," "mathematical expressions of 'times fewer' as opposed to 'a fraction fewer,' or 'a fraction less,'" and more, I came up empty. Perhaps this question is more appropriate on a math website, but in the off-chance members of EL&amp;U might give their imprimatur to this question, here goes:  Here's a second hypothetical example.  Is it grammatical—not to mention mathematical—to say the following?:     There are ten times fewer pollinating honeybees worldwide today than there were in 1912.  [Though this is a made-up statistic, there has been a dramatic reduction in the number honey bees in America of late!]   Should not the expression be:     There are one-tenth fewer honeybees worldwide today than there were in 1912.     On the surface, the "ten times fewer" locution seems to me to be a contradiction in terms.  How can something less be 10 times fewer?    I can understand readily how, for example, 2012's bee population of, say, 90 million can be one-tenth (point one) less than 1912's population of 100 million, but ten times fewer?   I'm confused.  Which expression is "more" correct? Orthographic Camera Zooming In XNA I am using a spritebatch to render a board. I have created a camera class which can provide me a view and projection matrix. Currently I am supplying the view matrix to my sprite batch when I call begin.  I can get the view matrix to correctly move everything around and do some zooming in and out. My problem is that I want to zoom in on a specific point (for now the center of the screen) but currently zooming just zooms in on the coordinate 0,0.   Here is how I am constructing the view matrix;          _ViewMatrix =             Matrix.CreateTranslation(                 new Vector3(                     (-_Position.X + _Width * _Zoom / 2),                     (-_Position.Y + _Height * _Zoom / 2),                     0) ) *             Matrix.CreateScale(new Vector3(_Zoom, _Zoom, 1));   How could this be altered to make it scale correctly relative to the given point. Later I will probably want to zoom to the mouse position, but if someone has a simple example I'm sure I can work out how to adapt it. How do I make windows save their position on screen after re-attaching a display? This is a  about how to handle email sent from your server being misclassified as spam.  For additional information you may find these similar questions helpful:                    Sometimes I want to send newsletters to my customers. The problem is, that some of the emails get caught as spam messages. Mostly by Outlook at the client (even in my own Outlook 2007).  Now I want to know what should be done to create "good" emails. I know about reverse lookup etc., but (for example), what about a unsubscribe link with an unique ID?  Does that increase a spam rating? I've become very accustomed to managing service startups on Redhat/RHEL platforms using chkconfig though that doesn't appear to be the Debian/Ubuntu way - How do I update runlevel information for system services on Ubuntu?  Ultimately looking for the equivalents of:  chkconfig --add &lt;service&gt; chkconfig --level 345 &lt;service&gt; on chkconfig --del &lt;service&gt; What level is a spell if you cast it without expending a spell slot? Show that $A_n=\sum\limits_{k=1}^n \sin k $ is bounded? Refreshing open attribute table in ArcMap using ArcPy rather than ArcObjects? I am running the Calculate Field GP tool from the arcpy in ArcMap. When a row value is updated, it does not show up untill I use the Reload Cache tool (Table Options > Reload Cache). How do I refresh the attribute table automatically without using ArcObjects?  I have tried updating the definition query as @blah238 suggested , but this doesn't help. Resetting the data source is not an option because the feature class might be in the editing session and I don't want to lose the connection to the source data. My pixel perfect picture gets blurry when compiled in LaTeX Get the client IP address using PHP