I'm currently a 4th-year student at a university in Ontario, Canada. Due to covid starting last year, I realized I wanted to pursue a master's after my undergrad and planned out the courses I would need. I didn't have many of the prerequisite courses needed for the master's and had too many courses required for my degree left, so I decided I'll do the 5th year (at the beginning of 4th year, I still had 6 courses required for my degree as well as 6 courses required as prereqs for the masters, and many of the prereqs are also prereqs for each other so I would have to do at least 2 extra semesters of school). Sorry, that may sound a little confusing. Now, also due to covid I realized online school and learning through zoom was not helping my case, and I ended up dropping some courses and becoming a part-time student for this year. Due to needing the prereq courses for the master's program I hope to apply to, I ended up needing to complete 4 courses over the summer of 2020, and as of March 2021, I have been in school every semester since September 2019 and began feeling very burnt out. I decided for my mental health and to get better marks in the courses that were necessary for me to complete, it would be a better idea to go part-time. My question is this: do grad schools view part-time studies like this negatively? I want to pursue a master's in Business/Management Analytics, hopefully in Ontario. I reached out to a couple schools who are my top picks, and they told me they have no problem with part-time studies, they just want applicants to have at least a B+/A- GPA in their final 2 years of school. I recently dropped a course that was focused on Business Analytics because I felt very out of my depth. The course covered topics in Stats and Probability (courses I will be taking in my 5th year because I am completing the prerequisites required for them rn) and I felt extremely lost and did terrible on the midterm. The prof wasn't much help because he treated me like I was dumb when I didn't quickly understand the ideas of things like Support Vector Machines and Neural Networks (topics I'd never covered in the past). I've been beating myself up over this decision for a couple days now because I feel like I gave up on a course that introduces me to many things I planned on doing in my Master's, but I felt it was the best decision for my GPA and overall mental health. Are the decisions I'm making good? I feel fed-up with school right now and feel like the good marks I've gotten are only because of my reduced course-load. I feel like a couple years down the line, I won't regret my decisions. But right now, it feels like I'm taking the easy way out when the harder route would result in a horrible GPA.
I'm a fourth year undergraduate student in a university in the U.S., and this is my last semester. I have already applied to graduate schools, and I'm currently awaiting responses. Since I have already finished all my requirements and am ready to graduate, I wanted to go part time this semester. I am aware of how it affects my financial aid; however, I do not know if it has an effect on my admittance to graduate school. I do not mean whether or not I get accepted (the decisions will happen without knowledge of my current semester), but whether I am eligible to attend graduate school if I have been part time for a semester. That is, will there be any potential issues when the schools that have accepted me see my final transcript and see I was part time? Is there a universal answer to this? Or should I contact each school individually and ask about their policy?   Also, are there any other potential issues with going part time that I haven't mentioned? Anything noteworthy I might have missed?
Big Parenthesis in an Equation I have an equation contained inside \[...\], which automatically makes a \sum with sub- and superscripts turn big--so that the summation sign looks awkward inside parenthesis.  Any idea how to make the parenthesis completely enclose the whole summation?  \documentclass{article} \begin{document} We have: \[ \sum_{i=1}^n i = (\sum_{i=1}^{n-1} i) + n = \frac{(n-1)(n)}{2} + n = \frac{n(n+1)}{2} \] \end{document} "exec: gnome-session: not found" when logging in using lightdm On login the password is accepted but I'm returned to the login screen. Tried multiple times even after reboot... same behavior.  I left my laptop (Lenovo Ideapad z510) in suspend mode (lid down) last night, but it did not resume this morning, as it usually does. It had shutdown or crashed, and on booting with Ubuntu the login failure mentioned above started.  cat ~/.xsession-errors /usr/sbin/lightdm-session: 1: /usr/sbin/lightdm-session: ls: not found /usr/sbin/lightdm-session: 104: exec: gnome-session: not found   Okay. I've tried a bunch of suggestions from    Changed id to /usr/sbin/id in /etc/profile removed .Xauthority removed /tmp removed,  purged and re-installed lightdm checked .profile for syntax errors (source .profile worked fine, so I guess no syntax errors)   Nothing worked. My guest login is working fine, so another user should also work. I'm now going to create another user and continue working, but a solution to this problem is still warranted... it's likely going to repeat in future.  Installing and reconfiguring gdm also did not work.  sudo apt-get install gdm Number of homomorphisms from $(\mathbb Q^+ , \,\cdot\,)$ to $(\mathbb Z_n , +)$ How many homomorphism are there from $(\mathbb Q^+ , \,\cdot\,)$ to $(\mathbb Z_n , +)$?   Could anyone give a hint how to proceed? I couldn't even start In a 2-columned document, how do you get a table to stretch across the entire width? I'm working on a document that runs two columns of text down the page, like many scientific conference proceedings.  However, I'd like for a table to run across the entire width of the page, as it is far too wide to fit into one column.  How do I do this? Why is my starting gravity low? In the fall of 2011 I made the leap from extract/partial kits to all-grain kits. I'm enjoying AG, but my SG is continuously below the expected. I have brewed 5 AG kits and 4 have had a low SG.   My assumption is my sugar extraction during mashing (or sparging) isn't optimal. I heat my mash water to 165 and mash the grains for 60 minutes. Mashing levels out at 152. For Lautering I heat the water to 175-180. After I drain the initial mash I add the lautering water and let that soak for 10 minutes. the temperature levels out around 170-172. Then I drain into the kettle and being the boil.  I aim for a gentle boil just enough to break the surface tension. I boil for 60 minutes, chill, rack, take a reading and pitch yeast.  Here are some of the numbers  type            expected     actual  kit st paul porter  1.052        1.039   http://www.northernbrewer.com/shop/st-paul-porter-all-grain-kit.html belgium strong  1.067        1.055   http://www.midwestsupplies.com/superior-strong-ale-all-grain-kit.html troegs hop back 1.063        1.049   http://www.byo.com/stories/recipeindex/article/recipes/90-american-amber-a-pale-ale/2196-troeegs-hopback-amber-ale-clone   The fuorth was the Phat Tyre kit from Northern Brewer. Can't remember the SG though. It was low. They taste great, but the numbers weren't "right". What can I adjust so the numbers are more inline with the recipe?   Update Thank you for all the feedback. There are a number of factors for me to review and adjust. Given my current setup I will follow @mdma advice and recirculate the wort once and extend lautering to 30 minutes.  It will be a week or two before I can attempt this, so it will be awhile before I report back again.  Update #2 I now have some awesome local contacts who are helping me out with technique and trouble shooting. Another (major) issue I could be experiencing is draining the wort way too fast. According to my friend. The drain should be low and slow after cycling a gallon or 2 of wort. sparging should take ~2 hours. for each gallon drained plato/brix should drop 3 points and go no lower than 3-5 points at the end.  the second recommendation is to heat up 3-5 gallons of water to 180 and poor it in prior to/while sparging.  my first attempt using this technique proved successful with the gravity being a lot closer to the anticipated OG. I had some temp issues with the batch, but I was so focused on sparging that I ignored the temp. My guess is I would have been right on if my temp didn't fall so low.  Update #3 I had the chance to brew with my mentor this weekend and he pointed out 2 glaring problems with my mashing technique.   Starting mash temp is too low. I was heating my water to 10-12 degrees above target temp. He recommends 17 degrees. between grain absorption &amp; the tun itself most of the heat dissipates within the first few minutes. This does go against what I originally said. That I was hitting my temp marks. Looking back I was hasty with my readings. I should not dump my sparge water (or lauter?) into the tun while draining the wort. The idea is to compact the liquid into the bottom of the tun thus compacting the sugars. I am stirring up the mash when I dump all sparge water in. We kept our sparge water 1-2 inches above the grain bed and our final results we excellent.   A 3rd recommendation he made was to lower the pH of the water. tap water is ~7 and the ideal mash pH is 5.2. He added a solvent, which I cannot remember the name of, which did this for us. I'll be picking up some of that this weekend.  Thanks to all who helped me out with this problem. The problem I am given is finding a solution to the following pair of equations:  $3x + 4y$ $\equiv$ $5$ $mod$ $13$  $2x + 5y$ $\equiv$ $7$ $mod$ $13$  By reading the methodology here:   Since the modulos in my problem are also the same, I am able to use substitution, but this leaves fractions in my expressions.  I then used matrix multiplication as follows:  $\begin{bmatrix} 3 &amp; 4\\ 2 &amp; 5\end{bmatrix}$ $\begin{bmatrix}\ x\\ y\end{bmatrix}$ = $\begin{bmatrix}\ 5\\ 7\end{bmatrix}$   And solving this also gives me a matrix with fractions, so I am a bit lost on how to solve this problem.  Any help is appreciated. Thank you very much. Force alt + tab to switch only on current workspace in GNOME shell 'const int' vs. 'int const' as function parameters in C++ and C Consider:  int testfunc1 (const int a) {   return a; }  int testfunc2 (int const a) {   return a; }   Are these two functions the same in every aspect or is there a difference?  I'm interested in an answer for the C language, but if there is something interesting in the C++ language, I'd like to know as well. Why didn't Gandalf or Frodo Fly to Mount Doom? Why didn't Gandalf use his eagles to fly over Mount Doom and drop the ring? I know he feared what he would do if the ring overpowered him, so why not just give Frodo an eagle? And, if there would be too much risk in flying the ring to Mordor, couldn't the eagles fly them part of the way?  Why risk it with such a long walk; far less risky to fly over most of the journey. I am using TeXworks 0.4.5 r1280 with MikTeX 2.9 on Windows 7 64-bit. When I add  \usepackage{datetime}   and try to typeset the document, I get a dialog window like this:    I select "Install", confirm UAC request and then get the following error on the console:  ! LaTeX Error: File `datetime.sty' not found.   If I try to typeset the document again - the dialog and the error appear again.  Same thing happens when I've tried installing wrapfig and a few other packages at random: cases, comma, dowith, microtype.  Other packages have installed fine before. What is wrong with my setup? Please let me know if you need more info about my setup in comments.  I've tried this solution: . Didn't work. Can I enable the Windows 7 Start menu in Windows 10? I've upgraded from Windows 7 to Windows 10 and now I only find this new slower Start menu with all the tiles in it   (picturesource: )  Can I enable the older Windows 7 one again which suites my needs more? The only solution that I have been able to come up with is $d=1$, but because $d&gt;2$, I can't seem to figure out how to find a solution. Using biblatex and Biber, I want my bibliography to say "Ph.D. thesis" (with periods) rather than "PhD thesis" (without). MWE:  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{biblatex} \addbibresource{refs.bib} \begin{document} Hello \cite{testphd} \printbibliography \end{document}   and refs.bib:  @thesis{testphd,   title       = {Thesis Title},   author      = {Surname, Firstname},   date        = {2010},   institution = {Faculty of X, University of Y},   type        = {phdthesis},   location    = {Somewhere}, }   Output:    What's the easiest way to do this? I don't want to change the .bib file ideally. Ok... so this is embarrassing.  I typed in "boobs" on EncyclopediaDramatica's search because, well, it's a really funny page.  But now I've got a problem... EVERY TIME I click a search field in Chrome now, it shows "boobs" as the first suggestion in the drop down!  This is not really socially acceptable as this laptop goes with me everywhere and Chrome is my primary browser.  Is there a way I can isolate and remove just that one entry? Every natural number can be written as the sum of distinct Fibonacci numbers? When to use \par and when \\, \newline, or blank lines What is the difference between \par, \newline, \\ and blank lines? When should I use which one? This is something that has long bothered me, and I have asked a few physicists and chemists and never gotten a very satisfying answer. Why are particles charged? And I'm not asking (and this is the answer you often get) why some molecule might be negatively charged because the answer to that is simply is that there was one more negatively charged particle than positively charged particle. That doesn't answer my question, however, of why there are charged particles at all?  So, on a fundamental level, what makes one particle charged and another one neutral.  For instance, protons and neutrons have almost exactly the same mass, which I'm assuming that means they have very similar internal compositions, yet one is positively charged and the other neutral. What is going on that makes these particles different?  On a similar note, and I'd really like to know this, how is it that a proton and an electron have exactly equal and opposite charge, yet an electron is about 1000 times less massive than a proton?  I have particular trouble with this question because if the answer were something along the lines of "particle X which composes protons all have partial positive charges of n amount..." I would just ask why particle X has any charge and we'd be in the same predicament.  I'm sure there is a satisfactory answer to my question, I just can't find it and don't know what resources are reliable or detailed enough to be satisfactory. Many C++ books contain example code like this...  std::cout &lt;&lt; "Test line" &lt;&lt; std::endl;   ...so I've always done that too. But I've seen a lot of code from working developers like this instead:  std::cout &lt;&lt; "Test line\n";   Is there a technical reason to prefer one over the other, or is it just a matter of coding style? Subgroups of finite abelian groups. For every subgroup $H$ of a finite abelian group $G,$ there exists a subgroup $N$ of $G$ such that $G/N \cong H.$ I need to prove this or give a counter example.  I am aware of isomorphism theorems and classification of abelian groups, direct products etc. How do I compare 2 rows from the same table (SQL Server)? I need to create a background job that processes a table looking for rows matching on a particular id with different statuses. It will store the row data in a string to compare the data against a row with a matching id. I know the syntax to get the row data, but I have never tried comparing 2 rows from the same table before. How is it done? Would I need to use variables to store the data from each? Or some other way? (Using SQL Server 2008)