as we all know that we will get some information like how many updates are available , login time etc while we login in CLI session of Ubuntu.   is there any way I can get them in the Gnome-terminal or any GUI based terminal. I want that information.   I want exactly as this in the GUI based teminals.   From answer provided by question at closed vote .  frank@FRANK-NATHE:~$ cat /etc/motd Welcome to Ubuntu 12.10 (GNU/Linux 3.5.0-28-generic i686)   * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com/  New release '13.04' available. Run 'do-release-upgrade' to upgrade to it.  frank@FRANK-NATHE:~$    The command cat /etc/motd just giving the release information but the above image showing huge information about the system. I want all of that information over my terminal.   Thank you
When I login to my ubuntu system, it show me this this message, How can I see it any time? I tried to run . .bashrc but it didn't worked.   Welcome to Ubuntu 12.10 LTS (GNU/Linux 3.2.0-24-virtual x86_64)   * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com/    System information as of Sat Jul 13 06:16:35 UTC 2013    System load:  0.55              Processes:           96   Usage of /:   8.1% of 68.74GB   Users logged in:     0   Memory usage: 55%               IP address for eth0: 198.xx.xxx.xxx   Swap usage:   0%                IP address for eth1: xxx.1x0.xx.xxx    =&gt; There is 1 zombie process.    Graph this data and manage this system at https://landscape.canonical.com/  223 packages can be updated. 134 updates are security updates.  Last login: Mon Jul  8 17:47:05 2013
My task is to write a precise mathematical statement that "the sequence $(a_n)$ does not converge to a number $\mathscr l$"  So, I have my definition of a convergent sequence: "$\forall\varepsilon&gt;0$ $\exists N\in\Bbb R$ such that $|x_n -\mathscr l|&lt;\varepsilon$ $\forall n \in \Bbb N$ with $n&gt;N$"  Would the correct negation of this be "$\forall\varepsilon&gt;0$ $\exists N\in\Bbb R$ such that $|x_n -\mathscr l|&gt;\varepsilon$ $\forall n \in \Bbb N$ with $n&gt;N$"?  It doesn't seem that this is the answer as the next part of my task is to prove that a sequence is divergent using my formed proof, but it'd be difficult to do since it's a general proof of divergence and not just a proof that $(a_n)$ doesn't converge a specific number $\mathscr l$  Perhaps I should find a prove that $(a_n)$ tends to $\pm\infty$? This is more simple but it does not include monotone sequences such as $x_n:=(-1)^n$.  Can someone assist me with this task? All comments and answers are appreciated. I've searched the net for such information and found different command lines, like these ones:  sudo apt-get remove application sudo apt-get remove application*  sudo apt-get remove --purge application sudo apt-get remove --purge application*  sudo apt-get purge application sudo apt-get purge application*   So, what is the correct way? Is it necessary to use that "*"?  After that, I also found these commands:  sudo updatedb sudo locate application sudo rm -rf (file/folder name) General system specs for large scenes in blender What are the system requirements for working with complex geometry in Blender? Things like RAM, GPU, CPU etc.? Which of the following is most correct?      The distance of the shortest path must not be higher than 10km.   The distance of the shortest path must not be greater than 10km.   The distance of the shortest path must not be bigger than 10km.   Or is there an even better word? Proving that the triangle inequality holds for a metric on $\mathbb{C}$ Show that $(X,d)$ is a metric space where $X =\Bbb C $ and the distance function is defined as:   $$d(x,y) = \frac {2|x-y|}{\sqrt {1+|x|^2} +  \sqrt {1 + |y|^2}}, \text{ for } x,y \in \Bbb C.$$   I have done the proof of the first two propositions for being a metric, but I'm having a problem in proving the triangle inequality. How can I display a short chapter name in the header and a long chapter name in the ToC? I am writing a book and one of my chapters has a very long title. As it can't be displayed correctly on the top of even pages, I provide a "short title name" via the   \chapter[short title]{long title}   command. But then, "short title" appears in the table of contents instead of the original/true/long one.  How can I have the "short title" in the header of even pages, and the "long title" in the ToC and in the "Title header"?  For reference, here is the code I use:  \documentclass[11pt,a4paper]{book} \begin{document} \tableofcontents  \chapter[Short title]{Very vey very very very very very very long title     i can't display in the header} Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. \end{document} I have an independent variable called "quality"; this variable has 3 modalities of response (bad quality; medium quality; high quality). I want to introduce this independent variable into my multiple linear regression. When I have a binary independent variable (dummy variable, I can code 0 / 1) it is easy to introduce it into a multiple linear regression model.  But with 3 modalities of response, I have tried to code this variable like this :  Bad quality      Medium quality      High quality       0                1                  0      1                0                  0      0                0                  1      0                1                  0   But there is a problem when I try to do my multiple linear regression: the modality Medium quality gives me NA:    Coefficients: (1 not defined because of singularities)    How can I code this variable "quality" with 3 modalities? Do I have to create a variable as a factor (factor in R) but then can I introduce this factor in a multiple linear regression? I've made a simple snowfall particle simulation (using gandalf3's solution: ). Is there a way to loop the animation, so the transition between last frame and first frame is not visible? Is there a setting to do it? Imputation before or after splitting into train and test? Who are the diamond moderators, and what is their role? If $x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_n$ are the roots for $1+x+x^2+\ldots+x^n=0$, find the value of $\frac{1}{x_1-1}+\frac{1}{x_2-1}+\ldots+\frac{1}{x_n-1}$ How to type directly with keyboard the U+200C character? How to type directly with keyboard the U+200C character in Notepad or other places... in Windows 8.1? (without depending on a certain font)  I don't want to copy and paste ways. I don't want any complicated ways. I just want something like Alt+### for typing U+200C Directly at any text area in windows 8.1 without depending to a certain font. Just like ALT+129 for U+200B.  (I do not need ALT+129, That's for U+200B. I need U+200C)  the U+200C character name is: ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER (ZWNJ)  Here is the U200C character info: Calculating roundness/compactness of polygon? I am trying to find ways to quantitatively describe the shapes of various polygons. For my project, these polygons represent lakes, rivers, lagoons, and parks. So they can be almost any shape. One easy metric is to calculate perimeter vs. area, which is at best an only slightly useful metric. But I would also very much like to be able to say something about the 'roundness' of a polygon. Or how 'compact' the shape is on a map.  The only way I can think of doing this easily is to calculate the area of each polygon in relation to a bounding box for that polygon (which I already have). But this seems like a poor solution.  So now I am thinking of something more like this - take the centroid of the polygon, add on a series of buffers of increasing areas (say 50%, 100%, 150%), then compare how much overlap there is between each buffer and the original polygon. A perfect circle will have perfect overlap at 100%, and I can use the 50% and 150% buffers to judge how much and in what way each polygon differs.  But even that feels cumbersome, and like a poor workaround for what somebody else has probably already figured out far better.  For reference, at a minimum I will need to be able to look at the resulting indices for the shape of various polygons, and be able to make an educated guess as to their source (River? Reservoir with dendritic shape? Lake/Lagoon? Park?) Linear functional and a bounded norm I'm trying to work through some example questions for my class but there is no mention of "Piecewise affine functions" anywhere and I'm completely stumped on how to do this.  Any help would be appreciated please. What is the best way to execute a script when entering into a directory? When I move into a new directory I would like bash to execute the projectSettings.bash script much like RVM does. What is a “protected” or "highly active" question? Questions can be protected (i.e. marked "highly active").   What does it mean for a question to be protected? Why are some questions protected? Who can protect and unprotect questions? Who can answer a protected question? How are protected questions displayed? When should I protect or unprotect a question? When does the Community user protect a question? Careers ads break the Android app Clicking any Careers (or Jobs) ad in the Android app feed results in an instant crash for the Android App version 1.0.89. Storing the original document class page layout with geometry Is it possible, using the geometry package, to store (and restore) the original layout specified by the document class (in my case, the class is report)?    Here is some context.  I have been editing a long document in the default page layout for the report document class.  Now I found out that I need a title page.  There is a particular title page layout, and in fact, it works perfectly if I just load the geometry package with its default and change just two settings.  But then I want the rest of the document back in the original page layout!  I can't do something like \restoregeometry, since I think geometry just overrides the class options... i.e. there doesn't seem to be anything to restore.  Similarly, it seems I can't use \savegeometry or \loadgeometry.  So how can I get back to my original layout for the rest of the document without painstakingly hard-coding in all of the specific page layout variables?    Here is a minimum working example:   \documentclass[a4paper,10pt]{report}  \RequirePackage[a4paper,dvips]{geometry} % g1 \geometry{top=2.5cm,bottom=2.3cm}        % g2  \begin{document}  \input{the_title_page}  \SomeGeometryCommandsHere  % g3  \input{the_rest}  \end{document}   If I run the above code with the lines labeled "g" commented out, then the title page does not have the correct page layout, but the rest of the document is formatted perfectly.    If I leave lines g1 and g2 uncommented, then the title page has exactly the correct layout, but no matter what I put for g3 (e.g. \loadgeometry, \restoregeometry, etc.) I can't recover the original layout that I had when g1 and g2 were commented.  Of course, I could completely specify the original layout exhaustively in line g3, and this should in principle work.  However, I spent almost one hour on this last night and when I still couldn't get it formated correctly I decided I really needed a smarter solution. Trailing spaces on comment link format I've heard the number 7% thrown around a bunch of times, but I am struggling to find reputable data to back it up.   All I found was a quote from Warren Buffet that I couldn't find an original source for and data assembled by individuals on their personal websites. Is there something from an organization such as Market Watch making a statement about this?  I'm hoping to specifically find what the 10 or 20 year return is for investing in the S&amp;P 500 index fund or another diversified portfolio option.