I'm making a sort of text based RPG for fun and I'm having some trouble adding to the &quot;balance&quot; variable to give the player more money. balance = int(0)  def step_result(balance):     result = random.randint(1,5)     if result == 1:         time.sleep(0.5)         print(&quot;You come across a friendly merchant who gives you 50 gold pieces as a token of friendship&quot;)         balance = balance + 50         time.sleep(1)  Later on in the code, I use print(balance) to show the balance but it still displays as 0. Any ideas?
How can I create or use a global variable in a function?  If I create a global variable in one function, how can I use that global variable in another function? Do I need to store the global variable in a local variable of the function which needs its access?
Why did Terence Tao write Proposition 2.1.11 about mathematical induction in "Analysis I"? mailto link with HTML body Radius of Convergence of power series of Complex Analysis I have come across the following few questions on past exams papers.. I know how to solve these type when it is of the form $a_nz^n$ but don't have a clue what to do with these. Any help would be greatly appreciated!  (i) $\displaystyle\sum_{n=0}^\infty \bigg(\dfrac{1}{2n}\bigg)z^{3n}$.  (ii) $\displaystyle\sum_{n=0}^\infty(2^n+i)(z-i)^n$.  (iii) Show that the radius of convergence of $\displaystyle\sum_{n=0}^\infty z^{n!}$ is $1$ and that there are infinitely many $z \in \mathbb{C}$ with $|z|=1$ for which the series diverges. Can you tell me the difference in the meaning of the two sentences below?  As a defining relative clause.     The location which was called Central Park was a park in New York.    As a non-defining relative clause.     The location, which was called Central Park, was a park in New York. In PHP, is there an easy way to convert a number to a word? For instance, 27 to twenty-seven. Datepicker returning uncaught typeError: undefined 'currentDay' I know how to monitor the network interfaces on my local computer with Wireshark. But, how do I monitor the traffic flowing through my wireless access point from connected computers?  It seems like this might not be possible without some kind of special software on the wireless access point itself. Render result is completely blank A scene I made is not rendering, at all. This grey screen stays the same and nothing changes.  Here are my settings:  [ How do I backup a LVM partition to an image for recovery purposes?  I am trying to run dd on /dev/sda2, but it crashes after ca 8 hours, at around 380G   sudo lvmdiskscan   /dev/centos/swap [       3.89 GiB]    /dev/sda1        [     500.00 MiB]    /dev/centos/root [      50.00 GiB]    /dev/sda2        [     465.27 GiB] LVM physical volume   /dev/centos/home [     411.38 GiB]    /dev/sdb1        [     931.51 GiB]    3 disks   2 partitions   0 LVM physical volume whole disks   1 LVM physical volume   Anyway, could running from a stick make any difference? Headers of \chapters* take the headers of their previous \chapter When using book.cls and using \chapter* after a \chapter, the header used in \chapter* is wrong. An example is pasted below.   Is there any known workaround for that? I have tried quite some tricks without success.   \documentclass[]{book}  \begin{document}  \chapter{First Chapter} aslkjdf  \chapter*{Unnumbered Chapter} The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for software and other kinds of works.  The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed to take away your freedom to share and change the works. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change all versions of a program--to make sure it remains free software for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation, use the GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to any other work released this way by its authors. You can apply it to your programs, too.  When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for them if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs, and that you know you can do these things.  To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you these rights or asking you to surrender the rights. Therefore, you have certain responsibilities if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.  For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a fee, you must pass on to the recipients the same freedoms that you received. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.  Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps: (1) assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer you this License giving you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify it.  For the developers' and authors' protection, the GPL clearly explains that there is no warranty for this free software. For both users' and authors' sake, the GPL requires that modified versions be marked as changed, so that their problems will not be attributed erroneously to authors of previous versions.  Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run modified versions of the software inside them, although the manufacturer can do so. This is fundamentally incompatible with the aim of protecting users' freedom to change the software. The systematic pattern of such abuse occurs in the area of products for individuals to use, which is precisely where it is most unacceptable. Therefore, we have designed this version of the GPL to prohibit the practice for those products. If such problems arise substantially in other domains, we stand ready to extend this provision to those domains in future versions of the GPL, as needed to protect the freedom of users.  Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents. States should not allow patents to restrict development and use of software on general-purpose computers, but in those that do, we wish to avoid the special danger that patents applied to a free program could make it effectively proprietary. To prevent this, the GPL assures that patents cannot be used to render the program non-free.  The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow.  \end{document} How to get status start_date and end_date from status_track table? I have two tables:   things:  +------+----------------+------------+ | id   | current_status | created_at | +------+----------------+------------+ | 7770 | active         | 2016-08-09 | +------+----------------+------------+  thing_status_tract:  +----------+-------------+-----------+---------------------+ | thing_id | status_from | status_to | changed_at          | +----------+-------------+-----------+---------------------+ |     7770 | incomplete  | inactive  | 2016-08-09 16:26:22 | |     7770 | inactive    | active    | 2016-08-10 12:31:04 | +----------+-------------+-----------+---------------------+    I need data in the following form. This table has a status and its corresponding start and end timestamp for a particular thing_id:  +----------+-------------+---------------------+---------------------+ | thing_id | status      | status_start_date   | status_end_date     | +----------+-------------+---------------------+---------------------+ |     7770 | incomplete  | 2016-08-09 00:00:00 | 2016-08-09 16:26:22 | |     7770 | inactive    | 2016-08-09 16:26:22 | 2016-08-10 12:31:04 | |     7770 | active      | 2016-08-10 12:31:04 | now()               | +----------+-------------+---------------------+---------------------+   How to do that with a SQL query? Best Method to SFTP or FTPS Files via SSIS This question originally asked which is the best method for uploading files via SFTP or FTPS in SSIS.  It now just lists the pros and cons of each solution.  I personally use CozyRoc's SFTP library these days, but I've used each of the below solutions at one point or another.  SSIS COMPONENT LIBRARY  Method: Install a SSIS component library from , , , , or some other vendor on each development and production server and use the SFTP task to upload the files.  Pros: Easy to use.  It looks, smells, and feels like a normal SSIS task.  SSIS also recognizes the password as sensitive information and allows you all the normal options for protecting the sensitive information instead of just storing it in clear text in a non-secure manner.  Works well with other SSIS tasks such as ForEach Loop Containers.  Errors out when uploads and downloads fail.  Works well when you don't know the names of the files on the remote FTP site to download or when you won't know the name of the file to upload until run-time.  Cons: With the exception of the Codeplex solution, this costs money to license in a production environment.  Requires installing the libraries on each development and production machine.  If it is the Codeplex solution, then you are using software that isn't supported by any specific vendor.  This also makes you dependent upon the vendor to update their libraries between each version.  For instance, before 2008 RTM'd, I was developing a new server on a CTP version of 2008 and the CozyRoc 2005 library was incompatible with it.  Eventually they released a 2008 compatible version, but I had to temporarily use the command line solution to work around this issue.    COMMAND LINE SFTP PROGRAM  Method: Install a free command-line SFTP application such as Putty and WinSCP and execute it either by running a batch file or operating system process task.  Instructions for doing this via WinSCP are listed .  Pros: Free, free, and free.  You can be sure it is secure if you are using Putty since numerous GUI FTP clients appear to use Putty under the covers.  You DEFINATELY know you are using SSH2 and not SSH.  Cons: The two command-line utilities I tried (Putty and Cygwin) required storing the SFTP password in a non-secure location.  I haven't found a good way to capture failures or errors when uploading files.  The process doesn't look and smell like SSIS.  Most of the code is encapsulated in text files instead of SSIS itself.  Difficult to use if you don't know the exact name of the file you are uploading or downloading.  A 3RD PARTY C# or VB.NET LIBRARY  Method: Install a SFTP or FTPS library and use a Script Task that references the library to upload the files.  (I've never tried this, so I'm going to guess at the pros and cons)  Pros: Probably easy to capture errors.  Should work well with variables, so it would probably be easy to use even when you don't know the exact name of the file you are uploading or downloading.  Cons: It's a script task combined with .NET libraries.  If you are using SSIS, then you probably are more comfortable with SSIS tasks then .NET code.  Script tasks are also difficult to troubleshoot since they don't have the same debugging tools and features as regular .NET projects.  Creates a dependency on 3rd party code that may not work between different versions of SQL Server.  To be fair, it is probably MORE likely to work between different versions of SQL Server than a 3rd party SSIS task library.  Another huge con -- I haven't found a free C# or VB.NET library that does this as of yet.  So if anyone knows of one, then please let me know! I read a comment under :     There are plenty of events that can occur that have zero probability.   This reminds me that I have seen similar saying before elsewhere, and have never been able to make sense out of it. So I was wondering    if zero probability and impossibility mean the same? if an event with zero probability doesn't mean that the event is impossible to occur, how probability theory represents/describes impossibility?   Thanks and regards! I recently moved into an in-law unit of a large old house.  In the kitchen, there are two pipes coming out of the wall (one protruding out a little more than the other).  I had assumed they were gas lines to connect my stove.  But since the stove only connects to one pipe, I'm now wondering if they're actually water lines. Can anyone explain how I can tell the difference? On the other side of the wall is a large closet with the air conditioning system, water heater, and what I think is the gas shutoff valve. Theorem 13.9 in these  is the polynomial spectral mapping theorem:     Theorem 13.9 For a polynomial $p$ we have $\sigma(p(T)) = p(\sigma(T))$.     My questions:   First direction: Why would $q(T) (p(T) - p(\lambda) I)$ be an inverse for $T - \lambda I$? Update: @RobertIsrael said that instead $(p(T) - p(\lambda) I)^{-1} q(T)$ should be $(p(T) - p(\lambda) I)^{-1}$ be? According to the lines in the proof above, we have $$ (p(T) - p(\lambda) I)^{-1} = ((T - \lambda I) q(T))^{-1} \overset{?!}{=} q(T)^{-1} (T - \lambda I)^{-1}, $$ but as $\lambda \in \sigma(T)$ by assumption, $(T - \lambda I)^{-1}$ doesn't exist, right? For the second direction: Why does $x_i \in \sigma(T)$ imply that $p(x_i) - \mu = 0$? I thought that $x_i \in \sigma(T)$ only implies that $T - x_i I$ is not boundedly invertible. Since $\mu \in \sigma(p(T))$ we have that $p(T) - \mu I = c \prod_{k = 1}^{n} (T - x_i I)$ is not boundedly invertible but how does that help?   In both statements there seem to be a notion of "a product of operators is not invertible iff all factors aren't invertible", but how can that be true? Consider i.e. shift operators on a sequence spaces such that $ST = I$, i.e. the left and right shift operators, then the above mentioned notion doesn't hold, right? How do I disable the guest session? i am making a boss battle for my minecraft adventure map, and using a mob spawned with commands as the boss. When the mob gets hit, some command blocks will give the player a potion effect, but I can't figure out how to activate the command block when the mob gets hit. I am in the latest snapshot (16w03a). please help me (the person who answers my question will be given credit for it in my map) Is mass converted into energy in exothermic chemical/nuclear reactions?  My (A Level) knowledge of chemistry suggests that this isn't the case. In a simple burning reaction, e.g.   $$\mathrm{C + O_2 \to CO_2}$$  energy is released by the $\mathrm{C-O}$ bonds forming; the atoms lose potential energy when they pull themselves towards each other, in the same way that a falling object converts GPE to KE. There are the same number of protons, electrons etc. in both the reactants and products. I would have assumed that this reasoning extends to nuclear fission/fusion as well, but one physics textbook repeatedly references very small amounts of mass being converted into energy in nuclear reactions.  So I just wanted to know if I was wrong about either of these types of reactions, and if so, what mass is lost exactly? Stack Overflow has HTTPS in some places! However, this breaks most existing image links. Could those be made protocol-relative, or react to the requesting protocol, or just always use HTTPS?  The same applies to .sponsor-tag-img. Intersection of all $p$-Sylow subgroups is normal