When I try to upgrade from Ubuntu 19.04 I get the following error message: An upgrade from 'disco' to 'focal' is not supported with this tool. === Command detached from window (Sat Aug 15 11:21:17 2020) === === Command terminated with exit status 1 (Sat Aug 15 11:21:27 2020) ===
I am currently using Ubuntu 10.04. I know there is a 10.10 release, but can I upgrade directly to 11.04? Could you walk me through the steps please?
Process management and high technology weapon. Novel name and author? I am looking for help to point me out at a very old novel (likely from the '60s) about two empires at interstellar war. When it comes to starships, one is technologically very advanced, and the other has very low and inefficient technology.  The highly advanced empire has apparently strong chances to win the war, in particular considering a new technology they were developing. I remember the technology to work like this: consider the space as a flat surface, and on this surface, a disk around the spaceship. When the technology was turned on, this disk was stretched out, as made of rubber, so that it produced a cone, with the tip being the spaceship. The spaceship was therefore teleported 10 parsec away (if I remember correctly), but retained all the connections to the original position. If the spaceship moved, the cone moved as well. This allowed to move in position among enemy ships completely unnoticed, by stretching while afar, then moving in the proper position 10 parsecs away, then destretching.  Despite this technology, the empire lost the war because of delays. It's a perfect example of how having a disruptive technology does not guarantee to win against the competitors.  I am trying to find out the author and name of this novel, hopefully with the date of publication and in which journal/magazine. The use of hyphen in consecutive compounds I am not that punctuation-savy, so I have one question for my research title.  Currently it is      Social crowdfunding:  individual- and project-related determinants of success.    Empirical investigation on Kickstarter   Here I have two questions.   Is it right to say individual- or just individual?  Should there be a period after "Empirical investigation on Kickstarter"? I am new to linux/ ubuntu and just downloaded the v11 of ubuntu to learn linux. I faced this "No root file system is defined" error while trying to install it. This is how I was proceeding -    Downloaded ubuntu v11 from the ubuntu.com website, wrote the iso into a bootable cd, and then got into the linux installation process on restarting; everything fine till here. In one of the screen during installation, there are three choices - install alongside windows, something else etc.. Since I have windows 7 in the C drive, I selected the first option - "Install alongside another OS".      Let me interrupt here to give my existing system details - HardDisk   size: 640GB.  Number of existing partitions - 5 C drive - label   windows - 160GB - has windows 7 installed D drive - label linux -   160GB - does not have any data E drive - label backup - 100GB - has   some data F drive - label entertainment - 100GB  - has some data G   drive - label work - 90GB  - has some data All of the above are in   NTFS format.    In the screen that follows, an image is shown with 2 parts and each part is shown to have size equal to 80GB. There is a horizontal slider in the middle of these two images, with which I can resize the partitions. The right side partition is labeled Linux. There is also an option to do 'advanced partitions'. On clicking advanced partitions on the above screen, a new screen is shown in which the partitions existing in my computer are shown - but the labels are different. I see that there are two partitions with size = 160GB each (as expected), and so I assumed that the first 160GB would be my existing C drive and the second on would be the partition which I had labeled as linux (drive D). So I selected the linux partition and clicked on proceed/ install now, and then this error was shown - "No root file system defined".. and I cannot proceed after this.   Please let me know two things here:   During the screen in point number 3 above, the image with slider was shown. Which partition (drive c: or d: or anyother) is being referred to here? Which one am I actually resizing - is it the existing c: drive which has windows 7 installed already, that is getting shrunk and then ubuntu getting installed in the remaining space? What does ""No root file system defined" error mean? How do I select the proper partition and continue with the installation?    P.S.:  I had already partitioned my drives as mentioned above, and the D drive with 160GB was specifically left free for installing ubuntu. I would like to Select D drive during setup and install ubuntu here, while still keeping the already installed windows7 in C drive.  Thanks! std::thread - "terminate called without an active exception", don't want to 'join' it Is there really any difference between the jackknife and leave one out cross validation? The procedure seems identical am I missing something? What is the significance of a mostly blank user card? Powershell auto complete settings. I was wondering if there was anyway to change the way the current powershell autocomplete works. I have been using bash and had changed them to offer a few features that I'd like in my powershell experience.   Currently powershell as I'm writing a command with a folder it will tab autocomplete and also cycle through my folders. This works how I like but one feature that I miss is using partial matching of a command and hitting the up key and it would find that command that matches the rest of what I do.   So Id write 'echo test'  Then id write other commands and try 'ec' and tap up and 'echo test' would complete and not the last command I typed  Just wondering if there is anyway anyway to get this back? What should I do before dual-booting Windows 7 and Debian on EFI? Is there any bidirectional 5v-3.3v level shifter? Suspected adware infection of Mac Fully charged MacBook Air turns off when power cord removed I have a MacBook Air, 2009, with a recently replaced Apple battery in December 2012. Recently, when power cord comes off, the computer shuts down. Also, it usually will not restart unless power cord is attached. Arduino Negative Voltage Reading with Positive Ground I am trying to measure voltage &amp; current off a solar charge controller from panel, battery &amp; load simultaneously with my arduino. I have managed to achieve this by tying all the negatives together and using it as GND, however, when I do that the charge controller doesn't function properly and when I switch to off-mode the loads still run. After checking the instruction manual further, I found out that the positives are shared common between Pan, Bat, Load. This was confirmed with a multimeter.   So now what I am thinking of doing is using the positive from the battery as the GND reference and then measuring all other voltages (through voltage dividers with respect to the GND). The voltages should then range between -17V to 0V.   However, I have read that the analog input pins are not able to read negative voltages, and with respect to the positive GND, the Analog inputs will all be negative.   EDIT: I was thinking of using an amplifier to invert positive ground to a negative ground, meaning I could measure all the positive sides of the voltages. But after getting answers from you guys it seems I may not have to use an amplifier and a voltage divider may suffice. I have currently included a 2 resistor voltage divider between each analog input, +5V source, Vmeasure which you can see in the diagram below.  According to my calculations, if this works, @-17V I should see 0.6V @ analog input. @0V I should see 4V at analog input.   I'd appreciate feedback on this circuit, and below in the second image I've also included a piece of another method suggested by @jonk (thanks), and would be interested in knowing what the benefits are of method B) over method A)  Thanks!  Ps. the ameters are there in place of ACS712 current sensors which also go into analog input pins.   Method A)        &ndash; Schematic created using   Method B (EDIT: This method has worked, I am still yet to test method A) thanks @Jonk)) How much set theory and logic should typical algebraists/analysts/geometers know? (soft-question) I know enough amount of set theory and logic to study grad-level math. However, I don't know more advanced set theory and logic, such as the ones on Kunen's or Shoenfield's texts. Although it's good to learn such advanced topics, I may not have enough time to do so, since I will probably put my emphasis on algebra, analysis or geometry as well as mathematical physics.   Although how much set theory and logic I should learn is totally up to what sort of analysis, algebra or geometry I will study, I want to know how much of them typical competitive algebraists/analysts/geometers know. If you are one of them, how much do you know? Via command line, I have a log file I'd like to keep track of.  What I want is to have, basically, a tail that refreshes when the log is updated making the text scroll upwards as new lines are appended to the log file.  Is there anything out there that does that without having to write some code? Having 'Appendix A' instead of 'A Appendix' I would like to have my appendices labelled 'Appendix A', 'Appendix B', etc. However, when I use appendices in LaTeX (specifically llncs document class, downloadable at ), I instead get ''A Appendix', 'B Appendix' and so on. Is there any way to change that? More specifically, this is my minimal working example: \documentclass[envcountsame]{llncs}  \begin{document} \appendix \section{Appendix: Foo Bar} %I want this to appear as 'Appendix A: Foo Bar' \end{document} How can you get the "real" HttpContext within an ASP.NET MVC application? I'm running a few VMs, and suddenly I noticed my CPU fan was spinning louder than usual. I tracked it down to Windows 8 doing some "automatic maintenance":      How can I turn this completely off? I found a way to set the time, but not a way to turn it off completely. How to change boot priority? I have a laptop with Ubuntu installed as the only OS. I also have a USB stick with a Windows 7 installation on it. I want to install Windows from the USB stick on my laptop but when I try to restart the laptop to get access to BIOS, I can't seem to find the command for it, its like it skips everything and just says Ubuntu and then takes me to the login screen.  How do I change the boot priority to USB in Ubuntu? By definition a matrix representing a Lorentz transformation is orthogonal, so that its inverse is equal to its transpose.   Consider a pure boost in the t-x plane; $$\Lambda_x=\begin{pmatrix} \cosh(\gamma) &amp;&amp; \sinh(\gamma) &amp;&amp; 0 &amp;&amp; 0\\ \sinh(\gamma) &amp;&amp; \cosh(\gamma) &amp;&amp; 0 &amp;&amp; 0\\ 0 &amp;&amp; 0 &amp;&amp; 1 &amp;&amp; 0\\ 0&amp;&amp;0&amp;&amp;0&amp;&amp;1 \end{pmatrix}.$$ $\Lambda_x$ has inverse  $$\Lambda_x^{-1}=\begin{pmatrix} \cosh(\gamma) &amp;&amp; -\sinh(\gamma) &amp;&amp; 0&amp;&amp;0\\ -\sinh(\gamma) &amp;&amp; \cosh(\gamma) &amp;&amp; 0&amp;&amp;0\\ 0 &amp;&amp; 0 &amp;&amp; 1 &amp;&amp;0\\ 0&amp;&amp;0&amp;&amp;0&amp;&amp;1 \end{pmatrix}$$ but tranpose  $$\Lambda_x^T=\begin{pmatrix} \cosh(\gamma) &amp;&amp; \sinh(\gamma) &amp;&amp; 0&amp;&amp;0\\ \sinh(\gamma) &amp;&amp; \cosh(\gamma) &amp;&amp; 0&amp;&amp;0\\ 0 &amp;&amp; 0 &amp;&amp; 1&amp;&amp;0\\ 0&amp;&amp;0&amp;&amp;0&amp;&amp;1 \end{pmatrix}.$$ These are not equal. Where have I gone wrong? Division rules for other number systems? How could we make the same division rules for other number systems, like in our decimal system: a number is divisible with 2 if it's last digit is 0,2,4,6,8, by 3 if the sum of digits is divisible with 3, and so on.  Can we do the same rules for g-based number systems too, where g is not 10, and greater than 1?