This question was inspired by , and the definition of the :     Highest scoring answer that outscored an accepted answer with score of more than 10 by more than 2x. This badge can be awarded multiple times.   Can you get the populist badge if the score of the accepted answer is negative?  Mathematically speaking, your score would have to be negative in order to double the accepted answer's score, simultaneously being ten higher, which is impossible.  Does this mean that someone could be on the way to getting the populist badge (say accepted answer has score of 1, they have a score of 10 on their answer) and miss it totally because the accepted answer gets a downvote or two?
Formerly List of all badges with full descriptions.  What are badge name's requirements? Why didn't I get badge name ? Which badges can I earn multiple times?    Jump to:                    Note: Some badges are awarded based on score. The term score means the total number of upvotes minus the total number of downvotes.  Any badge with a *** next to it is one of 20 badges that count towards the  displayed on a moderator candidate in an election. The candidate score is a total of 40 points: the first 20 are awarded based on the user's rep divided by 1000 and rounded down; the second 20 represents the total number of unique badges earned of the 20 that count. Note that if the same badge is earned multiple times, it will only count once towards the candidate score.  Any badge with a &quot;(retired)&quot; next to it is no longer awarded, but is retained by users who previously earned them. See  for more info on what it means for a badge to be retired.       Visit the  of the  on any site to see a complete list of badges that you can filter by earned, unearned, or type.
Orbit followed by a particle around Schwarzschild Black Hole How do I enter a file or directory with special characters in its name? If $f_k \to f$ a.e. and the $L^p$ norms converge, then $f_k \to f$ in $L^p$ Let $1\leq p &lt; \infty$. Suppose that    $\{f_k\} \subset L^p$ (the domain here does not necessarily have to be finite),  $f_k \to f$ almost everywhere, and  $\|f_k\|_{L^p} \to \|f\|_{L^p}$.    Why is it the case that $$\|f_k - f\|_{L^p} \to 0?$$   A statement in the other direction (i.e. $\|f_k - f\|_{L^p} \to 0 \Rightarrow \|f_k\|_{L^p} \to \|f\|_{L^p}$ ) follows pretty easily and is the one that I've seen most of the time. I'm not how to show the result above though. Preventing brute force attacks against ssh? What tool or technique do you use to prevent brute force attacks against your ssh port. I noticed in my Security logs, that I have millions of attempts to login as various users through ssh.  This is on a FreeBSD box, but I imagine it would be applicable anywhere. extract value between two search patterns on same line How to remove `t=canonical` from Firefox browser searches made on DuckDuckGo? Exec format error of gcc-compiled Hello World c++ On AWS Ubuntu Server, I wrote C++ Hello, World program:  #include &lt;iostream&gt; using namespace std;  int main(){         cout&lt;&lt;"Hello, World!"&lt;&lt;endl;         return 0; }   And compiled it:  ubuntu@ip-xxxxx:~/dev/c++$ g++ -c ./test.cc -o out ubuntu@ip-xxxxx:~/dev/c++$ chmod a+x out ubuntu@ip-xxxxx:~/dev/c++$ ./out -bash: ./out: cannot execute binary file: Exec format error ubuntu@ip-xxxxx:~/dev/c++$ file ./out ./out: ELF 64-bit LSB  relocatable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), not stripped ubuntu@ip-xxxxx:~/dev/c++$ uname -a Linux ip-xxxxx 3.13.0-48-generic #80-Ubuntu SMP Thu Mar 12 11:16:15 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux ubuntu@ip-xxxxx:~/dev/c++$ gcc --version gcc (Ubuntu 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04) 4.8.4   It seems that architecture x86-64 is the same each other. What is the problem here? Do I have to add more C++ flags? What do ref, val and out mean on method parameters? I'm looking for a clear, concise and accurate answer.    Ideally as the actual answer, although links to good explanations welcome.  This also applies to VB.Net, but the keywords are different - ByRef and ByVal. Prove that the multiplicative inverse of $a$ modulo $m$ exists if and only if $a$ and $m$ are coprime. Prove that the multiplicative inverse of $a$ modulo $m$ exists if and only if $a$ and $m$ are coprime.  Can someone help me with this? User is able to edit a file using vim I have a file named file.txt with some contents located in /home/myuser directory and I change the permissions of that file to root.root and 644.   -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.4K Jan 15 07:09 file.txt   Then I switched to myuser and opened it with vim(without sudo) and tried to edit and save it :wq! and I got output like:  "file.txt" E949: File changed while writing Press ENTER or type command to continue   Then I hit enter and then again :wq! and the output was :  WARNING: The file has been changed since reading it!!! Do you really want to write to it (y/n)?   I hit y, the file got saved and exit from vim.  The question is why a file with ROOT privileges and read-only access for a user changed by the way?  PS: 1. myuser is a sudo user.   The user permissions after saving the file changed to myuser.myuser as well.  -rw-r--r-- 1 myuser myuser 1.4K Jun 27 18:57 file.txt If $X$ is an orthogonal matrix, why does $X^TX = I$? It's not immediately clear to me why this is true. My notes say that putting $n$ orthonormal vectors $ v_1, ..., v_n$ in the columns of $X$ gives $X^TX = I$, and it follows from this that the rows of $X$ are orthonormal.   Can you explain this better to me? I tried the $2\times 2$ case, but it isn't clear to me why this is true. Stealing and reattaching a running process It's sunday and I left an instance of R running in the office. The script finished running, and I would like to save my workspace without going to the office. I can ssh to the computer, but I have not run the program into screen.  Is there a way, over ssh, to disown the process (I don't have access to jobsid of the terminal the program is running on!) and reattach it with say, reptyr? Reptyr and reptyr -T don't work without previously disowning the process  28845 3diag       20   0  139.3m  10.4m   0.0  0.1   0:12.06 S  `- urxvtd                                                                                        5327 3diag       20   0   16.4m   4.6m   0.0  0.1   0:00.02 S      `- bash                                                                                      5335 3diag       20   0 3499.3m 3.244g   0.0 43.3 171:57.89 S          `- R    The unique part of my question is that I explicitly require to detach a program without having access to the terminal in which it was created. runtime error: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver "In" vs. "after" for future talk The class will be over in 10 minutes. The class will be over after 10 minutes.  I know the first is correct but why? The description of the  says:     Your Intelligence score is 19 while you wear this headband. It has no   effect on you if your Intelligence is already 19 or higher.   The  spell description says that my Intelligence score becomes 1 on a failed save:     [...] On a failed save, the creature's Intelligence and Charisma   scores become 1. The creature can't cast spells, activate magic items,   understand language, or communicate in any intelligible way. [...]   If I am affected by Feeblemind and I am wearing the Headband of Intellect, would I have an Intelligence score of 19 or 1?   Also, what about the other effects like not being able to cast, activate magic items, understand languages or communicate in any way? Those seem Intelligence-related, but are mentioned additionally to the reduction.   If the Intelligence score becomes 19, are the other effects still active? Where can I rent a decent mountain bike in Zürich? I am going for a 4 day trip in Zürich and I would like to bike quite a lot. Though biking is quite advertised, I failed to find a decent bike rental shop in the city. Would highly appreciate some tips! Movie with a town where it is always night and the protagonist has amnesia I can't remember the name of this fairly recent movie. The protagonist wakes up in a bath tub without memories. He breaks up with his wife, gets in touch with a "doctor" who claims to be able to help him, and is accused of serial killing prostitutes. The sun never seems to go up. The main plot device:       The town is in perpetual darkness. It is the experiment of a hive-mind race, that tries to understand why humans are individual. To achieve this, they move humans' memories around. They can shape the world with thought, and when the protagonist learns this power, he challenges them, destroying them. It is revealed that the Earth is long since gone, and he lives on in this false world.   I've looked for titles like City of Night and City of Darkness, but can't find it. Center a column in align I have the following type of code in my document:  \begin{align*}        (-m)+m &amp; \stackrel{\mathrm{Ax 1.1 (i)}}{=}  m+(-m)\\   &amp;\stackrel{\mathrm{Ax 1.4}}{=}  0 \   I want to align on the = but that is complicated by the fact that there is something hovering over it.  It would seem to be easier to align their centers (no matter what, that is where the = will be).  How can I center a column in align (or align* to be honest, I am not that clear on the difference) Prove that $\sum_{r=1}^nr(r+1)=\frac{n(n+1)(n+2)}{3}$ using induction $$\sum_{r=1}^nr(r+1)=\frac{n(n+1)(n+2)}{3}$$  could you help me with how exactly I work this out? Expected value of a non-negative random variable