My question is quite simple. I was told that Linux machine launches different tty's, and they can be accessed by using Ctrl+Alt+F1-12. I found this:   F2 brings me to my desktop environment F3-6 brings me to what it should - a console proposing me to log in F7-12 brings me to the same looking console, but it's empty F1 is a weird one. When I press Ctrl+Alt+F1 from my desktop environment, my monitor stops receiving signal from my PC, and signal returns after switching tty back. When I press the same combination from another tty, I see Ubuntu's login page with all users on my machine (I did not try to login again from there yet, I just return back with Ctrl+Alt+F2).   So, why are F7-12 consoles empty and why does F1 behave in such a weird way?  UPD: I checked those F3-6 consoles: they work pretty fine.  I also checked F7-12: they are empty (I only see a blinking pointer) and they don't take any input from keyboard.  And then I discovered that simply Alt+F1 is enough to go from F3-12 to that login screen, while inside my desktop environment Alt+F1 seems to work pretty much like 'Activities' button in a top-left corner.
I am running Ubuntu Gnome 16.10 (64bit). Gnome-shell version 3.20.4.   When I start my computer, I eventually see GDM3 offering a login prompt, as expected.   After I login, my monitors flash a little (like they're unplugged and then replugged in), and then I am brought to the gnome 3 desktop.   However, if I hit  CTRL + ALT + F1, I am brought back to GDM3, offering a login prompt.   If I then hit CTRL + ALT + F2,  I am brought back to my Gnome 3 desktop.  So it seems like GDM3 continues to run in TTY1 while the desktop runs in TTY2.   Questions   Is this how things are supposed to work? I thought the desktop was supposed to use the same TTY (or whatever you call it) as the display manager.  Am I using more graphical resources by having things setup this way? Is there a way to have GDM3 pass off the display to Gnome Desktop after I login? Is there any advantage do doing #3?
I know a lot of female programmers, and I know there are a good number of them out there.  But I don't recall ever having one of my questions answered by, nor have I ever answered a question by a female programmer here at Stack&nbsp;Overflow.  Now I mostly deal in the Delphi tag, and that may make a difference. But I've got the feeling there is something about the programming social network that Stack&nbsp;Overflow is, along with its form of mini-competition (via reputation) that turns most ladies off.  When I go down the first few pages of top users by rep, there is nary a lady to be found.  Go over to Quantcast and . Go down to the Demographics, and you'll see that a full 20% of the visits are by females. So they are here, lurking and using the wonderful info that Stack&nbsp;Overflow provides.  Then why aren't there more of them participating, both with questions and answers?  What can Stack&nbsp;Overflow do to persuade female programmers to participate more?    So after a dozen downvotes offset by a dozen upvotes, and accusations by many that I am a bigot, the bottom line seems to be that Stack&nbsp;Overflow appeals to males more than females.  This is my observation and I believe a proper analysis would support the hypotheses that a much higher percentage of male programmers use Stack&nbsp;Overflow than the percentage of female programmers.    Assuming that is the case, then Stack&nbsp;Overflow is geared more towards the male psyche than the female. If so, I again ask, what can they do about that?      This question was asked in StackOverflow Meta on November 20, 2009. It was made Community Wiki. It was asked in a constructive manner and should be considered an appropriate question for Meta.   Yet it was closed over two years after it was asked as "not constructive" after more than 40 upvotes and 10 favorites and 16 answers.   Now it resides here on Meta StackExchange, still closed. I just shake my head. Notice these sentences:   Shops are open late in summer.   Summer is a traditionally viewed as a slow season for games.   At the summer solstice, the days are longest and the nights are shortest.   it's time to start thinking about what 2016's Song of the Summer will be.    In English class, they told us that "the" is used for the things that are known.  One example for this was a phrase like "The man who killed his wife".  So when we are speaking of that man, we know what he did. Somehow we know something more than nothing about him. He's not just every man in the world.     So Now I'm confused about why "the" is not used in the first and second sentences. Can anyone please explain it for me? How does one change the frame size and colors in the frame option of titlesec as in MWE? Choosing Geographical Coordinate System and Projected Coordinate System for India? I want to create spatial data for entire India.  Usually I use WGS84 as GCS and UTM zones for PCS in the places in India, but when I have to create the spatial data for entire India, I get confused which geographical coordinate systems and projected coordinate system will be suitable.  What are suitable ones? Introduction to string theory I am in the last year of MSc. and would like to read string theory. I have the Zwiebach Book, but along with it what other advanced book can be followed, which can be a complimentary to Zwiebach. I would like a more mathematically rigorous book or lecture notes along with Zwiebach.   Specifically, mention whether the book discusses string theory   Rigorously? Intuitively?   What's the scope of the book? Does it cover the advanced materials, e.g. Matrix string theory, F-theory, string field theory, etc. Maybe even String Phenomenology? Miktex Package Installation I recently installed MiKTeX with the texmaker editor and cannot figure out how to update the packages. When I attempt to use the subfigure package with the following preamble  \documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article} \usepackage[english]{babel} \usepackage{graphicx} \usepackage{subfigure}   I then get a prompt to install a new package, which I then set to the online directory at ctan. I then get the following error:   ! LaTeX Error: File `subfig.sty' not found.Type X to quit or &lt;RETURN&gt; to proceed,or enter new name. (Default extension: sty)Enter file name:! Emergency stop.&lt;read &gt;   How do I properly install packages to miktex? I'm absolutely confused. Thanks in advance for any help. I know the minimum number of reference letters required at many U.S. PhD programs in the STEM fields is three -- and that it is also not uncommon for someone to submit a fourth letter.  What about a fifth letter?  Would a fifth letter of recommendation be perceived as "too many"? iOS: Your passcode is required to enable Touch ID Occasionally, when unlocking my iPhone or iPad, I get the following message:     Your passcode is required to enable Touch ID   Now this is not after a number of failed attempts or turning the device off. The device was used within the last 12 hours. Two of the devices are less than 2 months old, and one is a year old. Everything is up to date. It appears to be happening more-or-less at random.  Does anybody know why this message might appear? In Cycles, is there a way to create a procedural texture that follows the longitudinal lines of a sphere? Like a beach ball or globe? The texture should be able to be mapped to any sphere-shaped object, not just perfect spheres.    My current approach is to use a rotated wave texture, but that doesn't come from the poles (It uses latitudes) I have a query to insert a row into a table, which has a field called ID, which is populated using an AUTO_INCREMENT on the column. I need to get this value for the next bit of functionality, but when I run the following, it always returns 0 even though the actual value is not 0:  MySqlCommand comm = connect.CreateCommand(); comm.CommandText = insertInvoice; comm.CommandText += "\'" + invoiceDate.ToString("yyyy:MM:dd hh:mm:ss") + "\', " + bookFee + ", " + adminFee + ", " + totalFee + ", " + customerID +  ")"; int id = Convert.ToInt32(comm.ExecuteScalar());   According to my understanding, this should return the ID column, but it just returns 0 every time. Any ideas?  EDIT:  When I run:  "INSERT INTO INVOICE (INVOICE_DATE, BOOK_FEE, ADMIN_FEE, TOTAL_FEE, CUSTOMER_ID) VALUES ('2009:01:01 10:21:12', 50, 7, 57, 2134);last_insert_id();"   I get:  {"You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'last_insert_id()' at line 1"} Will using 'var' affect performance? I had recently entered the UK without a visa to be with my partner, from 21 July 2016 until 16 December 2016. I hope to return on the 9th of January. We don't meet the income requirement for a Spouse visa. I recently applied to university, and got in, and was intending to return to the UK on a student visa, but my university did not tell me about maintenance fees and my loan wasn't large enough to cover it all, so my visa would have been denied.  Now, I am hoping to attend university in the next semester, and therefore return to the US to apply for that visa. Do you think that if I try to return to the UK without a visa, I will be turned away?  I won't be working or studying during this time, however, I'm afraid that they'll consider it living in the UK illegally; I don't have a criminal record or anything like that. Division algorithm for polynomials in R[x], where R is a commutative ring with unity. Is there a division algorithm for polynomials in R[x], where R is a commutative ring with unity?    All the algebra books I read mention division algorithm for polynomials in F[x], where F is a field. Since the leading coefficient of a non zero polynomial in R[x] is not necessarily invertible, I find it difficult to proceed the same way we do for polynomials in F[x].  Can I get some help? A secretary with ____ good knowledge of English: "a" or no article? I'm trying to pass a test on "Articles exercise" as they call it . Reviewing my answers I got stuck about the two I posted on the picture below.  As I understand both words are uncountable (according to the ), so it looks like (or said for example ) I can't say a/an with an uncountable noun.  But this test says the opposite. Is there some trick? Or am I just dumb? Please help me to understand why I need to use "a" article in these cases?        We need a secretary with ____ good knowledge of English.          a  (marked as the correct answer)   the     a / the     no article is needed (the answer I think is correct)        We're having ____ terrible weather.         a (marked as the correct answer)     the     a / the     no article is needed (the answer I think is correct) Lately it's happening to me this:  After completing one or more "First Posts" reviews, I go back to the Review Section main page:   And the post counter shows that there are still posts to review. I click the link to review them, but there is nothing.  Refreshing the page doesn't solve the issue: it shows the wrong number again. Finding a basis for a certain vector space of periodic polynomials I am having a little bit of trouble solving an homework question.  I found that $S={ p(x) \in R_4[x]} \big| p(x)=p(x-1) $ is a vector space.  Now I need to find some set, K that holds ${span(k)=S}$  My idea was to substitute: $ a+bx+cx^{2}+dx^{3}+ex^{4}=a+b(x-1)+c(x-1)^{2}+d(x-1)^{3}+e(x-1)^{4}$  But here I get something that seems a little bit weird, I'd like to look if I have any mistakes that I did not notice. and if I had mistakes, how to make my answer right. I calculated the right side of the equation and I got to  :  $a+b(x-1)+c(x-1)^{2}+d(x-1)^{3}+e(x-1)^{4}=a+bx-b+cx^{2}-2cx+c+dx^{3}-3dx^{2}+3dx-d+ex^{4}-4ex^{3}+6ex^{2}-4ex+e= (a-b+c-d+e)+(b-2c+3d-4e)x+(c-3d+6e)x^{2}+(d-4e)x^{3}+ex^{4}  $  From here, $ (a-b+c-d+e)+(b-2c+3d-4e)x+(c-3d+6e)x^{2}+(d-4e)x^{3}+ex^{4}=a+b(x-1)+c(x-1)^{2}+d(x-1)^{3}+e(x-1)^{4}\Rightarrow $  $(-b+c-d+e)+(-2c+3d-4e)x+(-3d+6e)x^{2}+(d-4e)x^{3}=0+0x+0x^{2}+0x^{3}+0x^{4}$  And the solution to this equation is only whan $a=b=c=d=e=0$.  I think that I am maybe not in the right direction. Do you have any Idea how to find a set $K\Rightarrow span(K)=S$ ?  Thanks in advance. Image uploads not working on Chrome When I try to upload an image, I'm presented with the following dialog box,    The dialog box does not allow uploading either from my computer or by posting a link.  This happens only on Chrome browser (running on Windows). Clearing cache and cookies, and restarting computer do not resolve.  Is this just my computer? Or is this a site-wide bug?  Additional info:  Clicking on 'click' to upload does nothing. Dragging an image onto dialog redirects me to the file location on my computer. Clicking 'Add picture' redirects me to http://[SE-domain].com/upload/image?https=true.  UPDATE: A Norton extension for Chrome was the source of the problem. I asked a question a couple of days ago. I didn't receive any answers to the question, save for a few comments.  Once the bounty period was up I placed a bounty on the question as the concern at the time was rather urgent.  I got some answers to question eventually -- as I had expected. But requirements have changed since then and the content of the question has no longer become relevant.  What can or should I do with this question? Should I award the bounty anyway, regardless of whether the question still has it's relevance? Computing $\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} \frac{1+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt[3]{3}+\cdots+\sqrt[n]{n}}{n}$. I have a problem with the calculation of the following limit. \begin{equation} \lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} \frac{1+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt[3]{3}+\cdots+\sqrt[n]{n}}{n} \end{equation} I do not know where to start! Thank you very much What is Uplay? Can I play Ubisoft games without it? Heroes of Might and Magic VI seems to have installed a program called "Uplay", which it uses to launch (in addition to Steam, mind!)  What exactly is Uplay supposed to be? I notice that when I stop playing, it captchalogs the highlights of my past session (achievements earned, etc.) - which is kinda cool, but also kinda creepy and big-brotherish. Given that I value my privacy, is there anyway to play Uplay games without using Uplay?  Is this just Ubisoft's infamous "always-on" DRM?