I had an old and low-specced pc lying around and since there's no point selling it I decided to install linux on it just for fun :P It's a Toshiba Tecra 8000 (192MB RAM and 380MHz Pentium II) so I had to do a minimal installation. I installed xubuntu (and later realised I also needed xfce4 to have a desktop). My question is what else would I need to have a proper (but efficient) OS. I found some info here     but I'd like to know what file manager and browser you'd recommend for these kind of specs.  Will xubuntu be usable or would lubuntu or another distro be better?  Thanks in advance, keep in mind there's no hurry as this is just a little side project.  Have a nice day! :D
I am looking for an Ubuntu version that consumes less Memory and CPU. I have read both Lubuntu and Xubuntu (The homepages, wikipedia, phoronix and other sites comparing both). But from experience, which one uses less memory and is less CPU intensive. I need to install them in very old hardware and want to persuade the owner of the hardware of the benefits of Ubuntu.  in this case I want to install 11.10 or 12.04 when it comes out. How are each behaving in those versions?  The 2 PCs I will be installing either Xubuntu or Lubuntu are:  Granpa PC:  CPU - Pentium 2 450Mhz RAM - 64MB DIMM Video - 16MB Used for - Documents and Internet. No listening to music, no looking at videos. Just using it for document writing.  The other old meat:  CPU - Pentium 3 550Mhz RAM - 128MB DIMM Video - 16MB Used for - Documents and Internet also but they want.. or maybe they are wishing for it to use it to see movies and listen to music. This one has internet. The other one does not.  UPDATE  Wanted to update this question with the test results for over 8 months worth of using Lubuntu and Xubuntu. When it comes to very old hardware, am talking about 64 MB, 128 MB or even 256 MB of RAM computers, Lubuntu is better than Xubuntu when comparing Memory usage. When it comes to CPU usage, both are the same.  This will not improve I/O Disk performance which will be the bottleneck for old computers. Also the difference in performance between Xubuntu and Lubuntu is about 10% to 20% percent in memory usage. Again, CPU usage is the same.  Now, when it comes to how responsive the Desktop is, LXDE (Lubuntu) has a much better response time than XFCE (Xubuntu). I would say about 50% or just simply noticeable to the eye. Lubuntu is similar to how Windows XP looks while Xubuntu is more like how Gnome 2 looked.  The computers (The old ones mentioned here) and 2 more are still working in excellent conditions thanks to the Ubuntu family. I also want to add I am using 13.10 for both distros.
PHB says 'once per turn,' so, it would seem that a Rogue with Sentinel, for example, could "consistently" deal Sneak attack twice per round (whether the enemy triggers an OA or the melee weapon attack provided by the Feat).  So, can rogues deal sneak attack damage with any weapon attack outside their turn? (obv. one that meets the standard requirements--finesse, adv or adj ally) Why is Sauron called "the Necromancer"? During the time period of The Hobbit, a character is mentioned called the Necromancer.  Radagast even (in the movie) specifically states that the Necromancer can "summon the spirits of the dead."  (It's been a while since I read the book so I don't know if this exact phrasing is used there, but given the name it seems reasonable.) This character is later revealed to be Sauron.  Since when can Sauron summon the spirits of the dead?  He can extend life ad infinitum, like Gollum's, for example, and he can twist people into half-alive monsters, like the Ringwraiths, and he himself seems impossible to kill so long as the One Ring remains, but I can't recall ever actually seeing him "summon" something that was once fully dead.  In fact, the only character I remember doing that was actually Aragorn, though he merely commanded them and didn't raise them himself.  Is this just an unfounded rumor about the power in Dol Guldur, some hushed-whisper nightmare that isn't actually an accurate description, or is there a reason he is called the Necromancer?  It seems like if Sauron could actually resurrect the dead, what little chance Middle Earth had of defeating his hordes would be long, long gone... Black screen when creating movie I've rendered about 300 frames for a short clip. The frames look fine, but when I compile into a movie all I get is a black screen. I haven't been able to find anything to solve this problem. The individual frames are well lit, capture what I want them to, look great. Just creating the AVI or MPEG results in a clip that has nothing but black. Lets say I have something like:   \[ Let x = number of cats \]   (This is a contrived example, but pretend we are actually inside a long align environment block...) "Let" and "number of cats" need to be written like normal text, while x= needs to be math type text.  I've seen this:  \[ \mbox{Let } x = \mbox{ number of cats} \]   and this:  \[ \textrm{Let } x = \textrm{ number of cats} \]   They seem to produce equivalent output, but I'm not sure which is the "correct" one. Also, they are not ideal in that the extra space needs to be placed inside the text mode block, otherwise it is ignored as math mode and butts the text right up against the math.  Ideally there would be some command which allowed embedding text into an equation, which correctly inserted leading and trailing space around the block as required without adding space inside the text block.  How does one do that "correctly"? I need your help with references. I have 1 main reference section, and I want to include a second list of references as an appendix. For the main reference I use:  \newpage  \bibliographystyle{plainnat}  \bibliography{library}   The problem is that I don't know how to include the second list using a different bib file, and then calling the function \nocite{*} to show every sources inside the file.   I have the appendix part workout. I need your help to design the function to call the second bibliography, and that does't interfere with the main reference:   \newpage  \appendix  \section{Other Sources} \label{app:ReferencesB}   In addition, I will prefer that the word References is not shown after Other Sources.  Thank you so much!! Is there a way to have coloured hyperref hyperlinks in the PDF, but have them print "as if" they were black? I like having my hyperref hyperlinks a different colour, so it's obvious that they are links. But when I print a copy of the PDF, I don't want the links to be coloured, because you can't click them, so it doesn't matter and it's distracting.  Other than just having a separate "for printing" version of the PDF where I turn off the hyperlinks, is there a way to have the printed version come out without the coloured links? Not a problem, but have been seeing questions recently of people not being offered upgrade from 18.04 to 20.04.  I thought these upgrades were offered back in June.  I upgraded to 20.04 from 19.10 and this was offered back in May.  Imagine that different versions paths have different schedules, but google does not help explaining(that I found).  Does someone know the schedules? Do I need an ESTA if entering the US from Canada by train As a UK citizen, I will be flying to Vancouver (for which I will need an eTA) and then taking an AMTRAK train to Seattle. I will stay in Seattle for several days before returning to Vancouver and flying back to the UK. Do I need an ESTA for entering the US during this trip? I install virtualBox on Ubuntu 16.04, but after install and create new virtual Host shows this error:     Kernel driver not installed (rc=-1908)      The VirtualBox Linux kernel driver (vboxdrv) is either not loaded or there is a permission problem with /dev/vboxdrv. Please install virtualbox-dkms package and load the kernel module by executing  modprobe vboxdrv       as root. If it is available in your distribution, you should install the     DKMS package first. This package keeps track of Linux kernel changes and   recompiles the vboxdrv kernel module if necessary.  where: suplibOsInit what: 3 VERR_VM_DRIVER_NOT_INSTALLED (-1908) - The support driver is not installed. On linux, open returned ENOENT.     How to address this modprobe vboxdrv error? Find $\lfloor {\alpha}^6 \rfloor$ If $\alpha$ is a real root of the equation   $$x^5-x^3+x-2=0$$   find the value of $\lfloor {\alpha}^6 \rfloor$.      This one totally stumped me. We are asked to calculate $\lfloor {\alpha}^6 \rfloor$ without actually calculating the root or using wolfram alpha or any other calculator. I found that the above equation has only one real root by sketching its graph using calculus. I was also able to use the intermediate value theorem to conclude that $1&lt;\alpha&lt;2$ , but this is of little use while calculating $\lfloor {\alpha}^6 \rfloor$. Please help! Prove the following inequality:   $$\dfrac{e^x + e^{-x}}2 \le e^{\frac{x^2}{2}}$$   This should be solved using Taylor series.  I tried expanding the left to the 5th degree and the right site to the 3rd degree, but it didn't help.  Any tips? I noticed that the reputation from the main site carried over to meta on Gaming (at least the first upvote), I guess that doesn't work the other way around, right?  Is it then impossible to have a meta reputation higher than the site reputation? I'm trying to create a multi-page table with all cells having the same height (as well as certain fixed widths) so that certain manual cut-and-paste operations are a lot easier.  One issue is that one column in particular is text-heavy and should line-break within the cell.  As I don't want it justified, I looked into alternatives such as .  This is doing exactly what I want for horizontal alignment.  For vertical alignment, I've looked at  and the \vphantom method detailed in the above link doesn't seem to be working.  Here's what I'm currently working with:  \documentclass[11pt]{article} \usepackage{array}  \newcolumntype{P}[1]{&gt;{\raggedright\hspace{0pt}\arraybackslash}p{#1}} \def\Z{\vphantom{\parbox[c]{1.7in}{\Huge Something Long}}}  \begin{document} \begin{tabular}{| c || P{0.5in} || P{0.5in} || P{5in} |}\hline  1.  \Z &amp;&amp;&amp; Long long long long long long long long long             long long long long long long long text  \\\hline 2.  \Z &amp;&amp;&amp; More long long long long long long long long             long long long long long long long text  \\\hline \end{tabular}   When I compile, the cells do not have a uniform height, and none of them are as large as 1.7 inches vertically.  So this suggests that somehow the \vphantom method is failing.  Does anybody know of a relatively straightforward solution to this problem? Why the electric potential of Earth is zero? For a localized charge distribution the potential is set to zero far away from the charge distribution (at infinity)  Now, when grounding a conductor, i.e. connecting it to Earth, it is said that we are setting its potential to zero.   Why Earth's potential is zero? And if it is zero, is it zero even if the potential is still zero at infinity? I did a fresh install of Ubuntu 16.04. /dev/md1 contains an ext4 filesystem that is mounted at /:  /dev/md1 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime,data=ordered)   Now I want to set the automatic filesystem check interval to one month, but I'm getting a strange error that I find no useful information about:  &gt; tune2fs -i 1m /dev/md1 tune2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015) tune2fs: Filesystem has unsupported read-only feature(s) while trying to open /dev/md1 Couldn't find valid filesystem superblock.   Rebooting didn't help. On another machine running Ubuntu 12.04, the same command works like a charm.  Does anyone have an idea what's wrong?  The command tune2fs -l /dev/md1 works fine, by the way. Here is its output:  tune2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015) Filesystem volume name:   &lt;none&gt; Last mounted on:          / Filesystem UUID:          38366a40-bbe1-476b-acfe-d271be6335eb Filesystem magic number:  0xEF53 Filesystem revision #:    1 (dynamic) Filesystem features:      has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype needs_recovery extent 64bit flex_bg sparse_super large_file huge_file dir_nlink extra_isize metadata_csum Filesystem flags:         signed_directory_hash Default mount options:    user_xattr acl Filesystem state:         clean Errors behavior:          Continue Filesystem OS type:       Linux Inode count:              8380416 Block count:              33521664 Reserved block count:     1676083 Free blocks:              32419430 Free inodes:              8312762 First block:              0 Block size:               4096 Fragment size:            4096 Group descriptor size:    64 Reserved GDT blocks:      1024 Blocks per group:         32768 Fragments per group:      32768 Inodes per group:         8192 Inode blocks per group:   512 Flex block group size:    16 Filesystem created:       Thu May 31 10:01:27 2018 Last mount time:          Thu May 31 10:49:41 2018 Last write time:          Thu May 31 10:15:14 2018 Mount count:              7 Maximum mount count:      -1 Last checked:             Thu May 31 10:01:27 2018 Check interval:           0 (&lt;none&gt;) Lifetime writes:          5782 MB Reserved blocks uid:      0 (user root) Reserved blocks gid:      0 (group root) First inode:              11 Inode size:               256 Required extra isize:     32 Desired extra isize:      32 Journal inode:            8 First orphan inode:       4325378 Default directory hash:   half_md4 Directory Hash Seed:      9d55d989-2c2b-4ad8-a29e-53c8798ec68e Journal backup:           inode blocks Checksum:                 0x3d9f8d23 how to make a full backup of ubuntu server for another computer? I have a Ubuntu 15.10 server, which currently has a bunch of software installed on. Now, I want to make a full backup of everything there (including profiles, configs, etc...) on this computer (virtually on Parallels Desktop) for another physical computer which I've recently installed Ubuntu 15.10 server on it.  So how can I transfer this system completely into that computer? I tried PinguyBuilder and Systemback, but they were not what I wanted.  Considering that if there is a way, which would need not or at least a Internet connection (specially on physical computer) would be awesome.  Any help?  P.S: I know there are many topics for backup things, but they are not exactly for a non-gui server, or maybe I couldn't find what is suitable for me. How do I determine the shutter count on a EOS 60D body? For almost a year now, I have been in the uncomfortable position of having an idea.  However, there is one nice thing about this idea.  It makes a concrete, exact and relatively easy to test physical prediction.  The idea predicts that there is a 11,187 m/s (Earth’s escape velocity) aethereal wind directly into the surface of the Earth at its surface.  I believe it would be possible to test this by performing a vertical variation of modern versions of the Michelson-Morley experiment (MMX) with one arm pointed in the vertical direction. ()  In 2003, Müller et al. performed a normal (2 horizontal orthogonal arms) modern MMX using cryogenic optical resonators that found a “possible anisotropy of the speed of light c, (of) 2.6 +/- 1.7 parts in 10^15” (  )  In a brief conversation with Holger Müller a Professor at Berkeley and the lead author of that paper, he stated that to this knowledge no one had ever performed a variation of the experiment using a vertical arm.  He also mentioned that such an experiment would be complicated by the fact that gravity would slightly compress the length of the vertical bar making two equal length bars no longer equal in length.  “They haven't been done as far as i know. The problem is that any interesting physics signal would be hard to tell from a large signal from stretching of the arms under their own weight.” - H. Müller  I am interested in attempting to run this experiment myself.  To that end, I have the following questions:   Given current Physics understanding, is there any reason to expect that such a vertical variation of the MMX wouldn’t return the exact same results as all other MMXs, namely that there is no anisotropy in the speed of light? Given the complications mentioned by Professor Müller, are there reasonable methods available to overcome them?  Especially considering the size of the effect (c + 11,187m/s vs c) is substantially larger than the accuracy obtained in his and similar modern MMXs. What is the order of magnitude cost of such an experiment?  If I am to fund this personally, would such a project cost \$10,000?  \$100,000? \$1,000,000? more?   Any insight offered on this topic will be greatly appreciated.  EDIT: For what its worth, for people looking at this years later.  As I originally alluded to in a comment to [WetSavannaAnimal aka Rod Vance]'s much appreciated and comprehensive answer.  While, I've become increasingly comfortable with the idea that there is a flow of aether or spacetime or whatever you want to call it into the Earth at 11km/s; I strongly believe that a vertical MMX would return the same null result as the horizontal one.  And I believe it will do so because of length contraction; that length contraction exactly masks any anisotropy of the speed of light by ensuring that the roundtrip time of light in any direction is a constant; that length contraction ensures Lorentz co-variance. How to delete a row by reference in data.table? How do you clear a stringstream variable? I've tried several things already,  std::stringstream m; m.empty(); m.clear();   both of which don't work.