using Linux at my home place, i wonder what if the end-user, say having just installed/deployed say Ubuntu, typed just (being messy while searching for the command, and thinking it's shorter so it's better) sudo passwd instead of a more complete sudo passwd $USERNAME. What happens concretely in each case, and would the end-user's password be effectively changed as intended ? Thanks.
I wanted to change my own password (as an admin) so I did the following command:  sudo passwd   and then it prompted for a password but when I tryed to relog, my password was not changed. I'm now wondering what password did I changed since it did prompted me to enter a password but I'm not sure what password did it changed exactly.  I know that if I do sudo passwd &lt;MY_USER&gt; it works, I'm just wondering without a user what happens.  Thank you
I have Ubuntu budgie 17.04 (budgie-desktop 10.2.9). While pressing Alt+Tab to switch between the windows, the windows are switched randomly and I am not able to select which window to shift.  This feature was available in Ubuntu 16.04 but not in Ubuntu-budgie-17.04.    How to resolve this? Don't show pending suggested edits to me after I run out of votes I have a simple one line command which works perfectly in terminal, but does not work in the "Startup Applications" app thing.  The line of code is : xmodmap /home/seph/Code/Ubuntu\ Scripts/Xmodmap  It's not that much of a hassle to copy it from "Startup Applications" and paste it into terminal, but I don't really get why it isn't working.  I followed someone else's instructions to do it in the first place, so maybe I did something wrong?  In any case, wouldn't it be the obvious and logical assumption that it just types whatever you put in it into Terminal? How to identify unused CSS definitions from multiple CSS files in a project A bunch of CSS files were pulled in and now I'm trying to clean things up a bit. How can I efficiently identify unused CSS definitions in a whole project? A bunch of CSS files were pulled in and now I'm trying to clean things up a bit. How can I efficiently identify unused CSS definitions in a whole project? Moment generating functions/ Characteristic functions of $X,Y$ factor implies $X,Y$ independent. This is solely a reference request. I have heard a few versions of the following theorem:     If the joint moment generating function $\mathbb{E}[e^{uX+vY}] = \mathbb{E}[e^{uX}]\mathbb{E}[e^{vY}]$ whenever the expectations are finite, then $X,Y$ are independent.   And there is a similar version for characteristic functions. Could anyone provide me a serious reference which proves one or both of these theorems? Does the derivative of a continuous function goes to zero if the function converges to it? Sending file of custom python script with all parameters for popup interface already defined? I have a python script in ArcGIS 10 that when clicked, has a popup for a user to choose parameters. I would like to send this file to someone else. While I could send them the python code and have them setup the parameters - this method repeats work I have already done.   I would like to send someone one file that contains all of this information so they can just recieve my file, add it to a toolbox, and then have it all work. I am wondering where the file resides that has both the python code and parameters / what is the export process/ file type I should be looking at? (All the searches I do for "export script" seem to refer to exporting a model to python code...) I can't get to the bottom of this error, because when the debugger is attached, it does not seem to occur.  Collection was modified; enumeration operation may not execute  Below is the code. This is a WCF server in a Windows service. The method NotifySubscribers() is called by the service whenever there is a data event (at random intervals, but not very often - about 800 times per day). When a Windows Forms client subscribes, the subscriber ID is added to the subscribers dictionary, and when the client unsubscribes, it is deleted from the dictionary. The error happens when (or after) a client unsubscribes. It appears that the next time the NotifySubscribers() method is called, the foreach() loop fails with the error in the subject line. The method writes the error into the application log as shown in the code below. When a debugger is attached and a client unsubscribes, the code executes fine. Do you see a problem with this code? Do I need to make the dictionary thread-safe? [ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode=InstanceContextMode.Single)] public class SubscriptionServer : ISubscriptionServer {     private static IDictionary&lt;Guid, Subscriber&gt; subscribers;      public SubscriptionServer()     {                     subscribers = new Dictionary&lt;Guid, Subscriber&gt;();     }      public void NotifySubscribers(DataRecord sr)     {         foreach(Subscriber s in subscribers.Values)         {             try             {                 s.Callback.SignalData(sr);             }             catch (Exception e)             {                 DCS.WriteToApplicationLog(e.Message,                    System.Diagnostics.EventLogEntryType.Error);                  UnsubscribeEvent(s.ClientId);             }         }     }          public Guid SubscribeEvent(string clientDescription)     {         Subscriber subscriber = new Subscriber();         subscriber.Callback = OperationContext.Current.                 GetCallbackChannel&lt;IDCSCallback&gt;();          subscribers.Add(subscriber.ClientId, subscriber);                  return subscriber.ClientId;     }      public void UnsubscribeEvent(Guid clientId)     {         try         {             subscribers.Remove(clientId);         }         catch(Exception e)         {             System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(&quot;Unsubscribe Error &quot; +                      e.Message);         }     } } Launch app only if not already open Proof a set cannot contain its own powerset - Russell's Paradox Is a URL with a query string better or worse for SEO then one without one? I want to know, is there a huge difference in terms of SEO between these URLs:  example.com/ontario/toronto/listings   or  example.com/listings.php?p=ontario&amp;c=toronto   Will one URL rank higher than the other? Is there a huge difference here? The Half-Elven and their choices What are good ways to make pdflatex output copy-and-pasteable? One frequent aspect of pdflatex output that could be improved is to what extent one can select text output from the generated pdf-file and copy-and-paste it. This is essentially an issue of having the right output encoding. There are at least two important aspects to this:   In the ideal case, Unicode would be the output encoding. Ligature glyphs (such as ﬁ) are ideally de-ligated in the output (here: "fi").   It seems that output encodings are specified through the fontenc package. What is the range of possible output encodings, and most importantly: Is there a way to specify a Unicode output encoding and one that deals with ligatures in the intended way?  (Note: It is important to distinguish output from input encodings. How to use different input encodings in LaTeX has been documented widely. My understanding is that this is best handled by the inputenx package, as it supersedes the inputenc package.)    Quick guide to the solutions: The information in the answers and answer threads is a bit distributed, so here the short summary: one approach is to use \input glyphtounicode together with \pdfgentounicode=1; the other approach is to use cmap/mmap.  Addendum: Sometimes one will need to load the package accsupp and enclose one's macro definition in \BeginAccSupp{method=hex,unicode,ActualText=&lt;codepoint&gt;}[...]\EndAccSupp{} to generate a specific code point. See the caveat about non-BMP code points  and the fix (starting from accsupp version v0.4, 2012/11/18) , which provides the new unichar package option. How do I have no default web browser, so the system asks what browser to use when I click on a link? I use Internet Explorer for some things and Chrome for others. I'd like to have a choice when I click on a link of which browser to open the link in. Is this possible in Windows? I am currently running Windows 8, although there should be similarities between versions.  To the best of my knowledge this isn't possible. How to download Bootcamp drivers without Bootcamp assistant? Suppose the mean noon-time temperature for September days in San Diego is 24∘ and the standard deviation is 4.9. (Temperature in this problem is measured in degrees celsius)  On September 26, 1963, the all-time record of noon-time temperature in San Diego of 44∘ was hit. Assume the temperature distribution is symmetric around the mean, what is the Chebyshev bound for the probability of breaking (or tieing) this record?  I am having a hard time understanding this. Could someone explain to me how to do this? Editing Subject in new Gmail For , the answer given on 7 Feb about how to edit the subject line in the new format of Gmail does not work for me.   There is no box on the left with a down arrow to options to reply, forward or edit subject in my version. There is a book on the right offering options to    Reply Reply to all Forward Filter message Print Delete Report spam Report phising Show original Message text garbled Translate message Mark answered    But, no option to edit subject GridBox/packed array behaviour Is every open subset of $ \mathbb{R} $ uncountable? Is every open subset of $\mathbb{R}$ uncountable?  I was crafting a proof for the theorem that states every open subset of $\mathbb{R}$ can be written as the union of a countable number of disjoint intervals when this question came up.  I feel like the answer is yes, but I'm not sure how to go about proving it or whether there is a crazy construction (like the Cantor Set)  that creates a countable, open subset of $\mathbb{R}$. Any ideas?