I was tuning abovedisplayskip and found that \abovedisplayskip=3pt and \abovedisplayskip=0.0pt plus 3.0pt return different results—the former gives a slightly wider space. For example, the following returns pages 1 and 2 equally spaced only if 0.0pt plus 3.0pt. \documentclass{article}  \usepackage{amsmath}  \begin{document} %\abovedisplayskip=3pt \abovedisplayskip=0.0pt plus 3.0pt hello. hello. hello. \begin{equation} y=x. \end{equation} \clearpage  hello. hello. hello. \begin{align} y=x. \end{align}  \end{document}  Why are 3pt and 0.0pt plus 3.0pt different?
In the following code, I need to use +/- where I have used it, and plus/minus where I have used it.  \documentclass{amsart} \usepackage{lipsum} \usepackage{calc} \parindent=0 pt \parskip=12 pt plus 0 pt minus 0 pt \def\headsep{25pt} \newcommand{\LAYOUT}[5]{%   \setlength{\hoffset}{0pt}   \setlength{\voffset}{0pt}   \setlength{\topmargin}{#1 - 1in - \voffset - \headheight - \headsep}    \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{#2 - 1in - \hoffset}   \setlength{\evensidemargin}{\oddsidemargin}   \setlength{\textheight}{#3}   \setlength{\textwidth}{#4}   \setlength{\marginparwidth}{#5} } \newcommand{\FULLPAGE}{\LAYOUT{1in}{1in}{9in}{6.5in}{0.75in}}  \FULLPAGE \begin{document} \lipsum[1-10] \end{document}   If I replace the plus and minus in line 5 with + and - I get an enigmatic  "missing begin{document}" error.    If I replace the minus's in lines 10-11 with "-" I get an equally enigmatic error:  "Missing number, treated as zero. Illegal unit of measure (pt inserted)."   Can somebody please explain when one can use +/- and when one can use plus/minus?  Presumably there's a good reason why latex's error messages are so completely mystifying, and why inconsistencies like these keep appearing? It's really hard to explain to my coauthors, who regularly complain that latex is the most infuriating program ever devised by mankind.  Thanks very much for any advice!   Leo
I'm a 16-year-old male, and I have been interested in tabletop RPGs for a long time, especially D&amp;D. I sorta dove into D&amp;D really fast and hard by buying the Red box, Dungeon Master Kit, Monsters Vault, Players Handbook, Rules book, and even the Shadowfell Campaign not quite knowing what I'd get myself into. I've done tooonnsss of research and even watched live games on Youtube.   For the most part, I'm basically on my own, My friends are somewhat interested in it and want to play, but expect me to Teach/Dungeon Master the game for them, I'd really wish to do this, but need more insight and expertise. I've played the solo Campaign in the Red box and even thought about joining a local group from a popular gaming store in Phoenix, AZ called Imperial Outpost. But I'm not sure if they would take a newbie like myself. Any advice? find spectrum matrix A Let $A = \left[ \begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&amp;b&amp;0&amp;0&amp;0&amp;0\\ c&amp;0&amp;b&amp;0&amp;0&amp;0\\ 0&amp;c&amp;0&amp;b&amp;0&amp;0\\ 0&amp;0&amp;c&amp;0&amp;b&amp;0\\ 0&amp;0&amp;0&amp;c&amp;0&amp;b\\ 0&amp;0&amp;0&amp;0&amp;c&amp;0 \end{array} \right]_{n \times n}$.  Why does matrix $A$ have spectrum $\sigma (A) = \left\{ 2\sqrt {bc} \cos \left(\frac{\pi k}{n + 1}\right):k = 1,2,\ldots,n \right\}$? Say, for example, you have a card that is still legal in standard but the version you have of it comes from a set that has since been rotated out. Can you still play the version from your older set? Can you explain the "Axiom of choice" in simple terms? Reading a 5 Band resistor with Gold as a middle band? Can anyone read the resistor that the arrow is pointing to?  From what I know you can not have a gold band as a number and if I am reading it correctly it has a tolerance of 0 which does not seem right. Prove that if $n \in \mathbb{N}$, then $\sum_{d|n}{(d(n))^3}=(\sum_{d|n}{d(n)})^2$ where $d(n)$ is the divisor function. How to insert spaces up to column X to line up things in columns? List questions: Community Wiki? Advanced search in Google Contacts Is there any way to do perform advanced searches in Google Contacts?  For example, wild card operators, AND operator, OR operator etc?  I want to search anywhere in a name, not just the beginning of a name. (i.e if I write 'ac' it should display Jack as well) After monitor calibration colors on my two monitors are still different, why? I have a pair of pretty nice monitors (HP ZR30w) which I calibrated with a pretty good calibrator (i1-Pro) and after I calibrated both they still show colors every so slightly differently.  My left monitor has a little more magenta color to it in photos.  Is monitor calibration only ment to get things 'close'?  Other people in the office have experienced similar issues with their pairs of monitors, both HP ZR30w and Dell 3007WFP-HC monitors.  If I can't even get colors to match between my two exact same monitors connected to the same computer I have little confidence that colors on my monitors will look the same on somebody else's calibrated monitor :p Draw integers independently & uniformly at random from 1 to $N$ using fair d6? Should I keep 32bit or 64 bit Windows 10 on my x64 based Intel Atom Z3735F cpu on 2gb ram non-upgradable laptop I have an Acer Aspire Switch 10 SW5-012 detachable notebook which has 2GB of RAM based on an x64 based processor. I got it with a 32 bit version of windows 8 but upgraded to windows 10 recently. But before I do anything else, I was considering if I'd be having Better performance with the 64 bit version of windows 10. Would it make my notebook perform better since it's based on an x64 based Intel Atom Z3735F? Or should I just stick to the 32 bit version of windows 10? 1970s scifi/horror novel where protagonist is used by a crablike creature to feed its larvae, goes mad, and is defeated by retraumatising him I read this book once as a teenager, I think it might have been written in the 1970s but could be late 1960s or early 1980s.  The protagonist is left to die hideously by enemies. He is paralysed and left on some planet (I don't believe it was earth) in the habitat of some kind of crablike creature, which injects him with its young, and periodically returns to force nutrient and a paralytic agent down his throat, as the larvae grows inside him.  He is rescued, and his body rebuilt to some kind of superhuman abilities, but he is traumatised and bent on indiscriminate revenge for his suffering. He proves hard to defeat.   He is eventually defeated by trickery, when he is shown (or demands to see) something by some kind of video link or remote TV/monitor - perhaps he is told that people he wants revenge on, are held captive for him, I can't be sure.   I think maybe he takes hostages or makes a severe threat, and his demands relate to the people he wants revenge on. But he can't be physically reached, so what can be done?  They set up a video feed, to negotiate, or more likely, to purportedly show him they have what (or who) he wants, and he looks to see.  When he looks at the video stream, it's actually an image of the crablike creature. The shock of repressed memories flooding back, renders him re-traumatised and perhaps catatonic, and defeats him. Is there a method to split thousands of polylines by employing a tool like the "Editor" - "Split" method and using distance, in ArcGIS?      When I utilize the "split" - "distance" tool (fig1), it only splits one section leaving the remainder unsplit (fig2).    I have attempted the "COGO" tool - using "Proportion", and can utilize the "duplicate" button to assign the remainder of segments which seems like a viable option.  But I would like to find some way to automate this process.  Has anyone found a method to do this?  Or is Python (coding) the only way?  I am trying to split over 2000 lines into equal distance segments (fig 3) of ~600m. Each segment will have its angle measured, and will ultimately result in a rose diagram representing angular statistics.  The distance of each segment is important in my splitting regime (a long line will have a greater representation of a particular angle on my rose diagram than the neighboring shorter line segments).  I currently am using ArcGIS 10.2 with an advanced user license. Create Random Number Sequence with No Repeats Duplicate:    I want an pseudo random number generator that can generate numbers with no repeats in a random order. For example: random(10) might return 5, 9, 1, 4, 2, 8, 3, 7, 6, 10 Is there a better way to do it other than making the range of numbers and shuffling them about, or checking the generated list for repeats?  Edit: Also I want it to be efficient in generating big numbers without the entire range.  Edit: I see everyone suggesting shuffle algorithms. But if I want to generate large random number (1024 byte+) then that method would take alot more memory than if I just used a regular RNG and inserted into a Set until it was a specified length, right? Is there no better mathematical algorithm for this. Fake News Detection problem I would like to work on a project for Fake News Detection especially for Indians news which are in different languages and different formats.   Fake news as image with no or very less text Fake news on a blog site Fake news as Tweets Fake news in Hindi Fake news in the watsapp group and shared across.   Need your help on the approach. One approach I can think of is using OCR we can read the content of the post, then search those content in the google. If the news is not present in any of the famous print media then we can tag it as fake. However there can be many challenges in this. What if the print media itself gives any fake news shared by someone.  How to handle the scenario where there is no text in the image but the information shown as image is fake.  How to handle posts written in Hindi. ?  And even if we detect fake news, is there any way to make the person accountable for sharing it. ? I know it is little difficult problem to solve. But is there any work currently done by any company on this. ?  Any starting point for me to get into this domain ? Could we please be a bit nicer to new users? There is a distinct decline in the level of civility on all the sites here.  Some of this is due to new users coming in and posting spam and other nonsense, but the off-topic and downvote buttons are doing a pretty good job of keeping this under control. Unfortunately, a lot of this is coming from more experienced users, and the site's built-in moderation system does not (and probably cannot) handle this very well.  Folks are rushing to pound new users down with &quot;this belongs on meta!&quot;, &quot;this is off topic&quot;, &quot;this is a duplicate!&quot; and &quot;read the Help!&quot;. (Which is correct, but should be done nicer) All this, of course, is accompanied by a flurry of downvotes.  This is not very welcoming to new users who don't know about meta, the Help, or what counts as off-topic. Now I am not proposing that we just allow off-topic, meta, or duplicate questions.  However, I think we could be gentler in the way we express these sorts of things.  Explain what meta and the FAQ are and provide useful links.  Just using please and thank-you when asking folks to read the FAQ or post something on meta would be an improvement.  I also think we could rein in the downvoting a bit.  Not that we shouldn't vote stuff down, but unless a new user's post is clearly spam, voting it down to -1 or -2 should be sufficient to send a message without piling on. I like Stack Exchange and I want it to become a resource for everyone, not just an elitist site for high-rep users on the sites. Why does a circle enclose the largest area? Stack overflow links not working Could Dark Matter actually just be spacetime with curvature "leftovers" from the big bang or the inflationary epoch?