Is the list of badges standard across all Stack Exchange sites? Or can one site have a different set of badges?  This question asked on behalf of
Do we have different set of badges in different SE sites. eg. I don't see any 'Pundit' badge in badges popup in Hinduism SE.  Also, if the above is true, then can we include the left badges in a SE site at a later stage.
Success of Bernoulli trials with different probabilities Formatting OGR VRT file to convert CSV to KML? I am attempting to get a nice KML for simple review of POI/geocoding from a CSV. I a using ogr2ogr and a VRT. You can see the VRT file below, with two attempts to get this right.  Basically, the issue is using ogr2ogr -f KML ... with the VRT w/o renaming results in a lot of "SimpleData" tags in the KML.   I'd like to get some CSV fields as the KML Placemark "Name" and "Description", concatenated fields, actually. -dsco NameField=RegionName option in ogr2ogr, but I don't see a way to concatenate fields into name, e.g Street, City, State..  In the .vrt below, the SrcSQL field results in no records. It does open, but with layer info. The Field tag (when not commented out) does result all records with in the new alias, but the "name" is the only field that comes through, it drops all other fields.  Is there a way to concatenate fields using ?  Of course, perhaps ogr is not capable of concatenation ...  &lt;OGRVRTDataSource&gt;     &lt;OGRVRTLayer name="roofing-poi2"&gt;         &lt;SrcDataSource&gt;roofing-poi2.csv&lt;/SrcDataSource&gt;         &lt;GeometryType&gt;wkbPoint&lt;/GeometryType&gt;         &lt;LayerSRS&gt;WGS84&lt;/LayerSRS&gt;         &lt;GeometryField encoding="PointFromColumns" x="Longitude" y="Latitude"/&gt; &lt;!--         &lt;Field src="StreetAddress" name="name" /&gt; --&gt;         &lt;SrcSQL&gt;SELECT StreetAddress as name&lt;/SrcSQL&gt;     &lt;/OGRVRTLayer&gt; &lt;/OGRVRTDataSource&gt; Is the power set of the natural numbers countable? How to create a custom Linux distro that runs just one program and nothing else? Is there a function to round a float in C or do I need to write my own?       float conver = 45.592346543;   I would like to round the actual value to one decimal place, conver = 45.6. How would you show that if $ac≡bc$ $\mod m$ and $\gcd(c,m)=d$, then  $a≡b$ $\mod \frac{m}{d}$?  Any help would be much appreciated! Alien invasion movie, giant robot aliens with long legs capturing people So I saw this movie about 10 years ago, when I was about 5 years old. Since I was really young, my memory of it isn't really that great.   I think it may have been an alien invasion movie, but the only scene I remember is that there were these giant robot-alien things:   I think they had several long legs. They had a big glass dome on top of them They would grab civilians and drop them in their glass dome.   That's all I remember. If you could please help me out, that would be great.   Again, I was about 5 years old when I watched it, so my memory of it isn't that great, but I hope you know what I'm talking about. Thanks so much :) Assume there is a rigid body in deep space with mass $m$ and moment of inertia $I$. A force that varies with time, $F(t)$, is applied to the body off-center at a distance $r$ from its center of mass. How do I calculate the instantaneous acceleration, rotational acceleration, and trajectory of this object, assuming it starts from rest? Prove that $p \in \mathbb{R}[x]$ can be represented as a sum of squares of polynomials from $\mathbb{R}[x]$ Degree of Field Extensions and $F(\alpha)$ Suppose that $[F(\alpha):F]$ is odd. Show that $F(\alpha)=F(\alpha^{2})$. Generalize this statement if possible.    Clearly, we always have that $F(\alpha^{2}) \subset F(\alpha)$ by definition of the field generated by $F$ and $\alpha$ (assuming that we have a field extension $K/F$ where $\alpha \in K$). However, how can we show the other inclusion? If the degree is odd, then it follows that $\alpha$ will solve a polynomial of odd degree in $K[x]$ (for the coefficients in $F$). What would be a way to proceed from here? (and as well to generalize the statement?)  I was thinking of using the formula: $[F(\alpha):F]=[F(\alpha):F(\alpha^{2})][F(\alpha^{2}):F]$ and maybe proceed from there.   Thanks for the help. I have some difficulties with a task in algebra. I guess it's trivial and really easy but I can't figure out how to solve it.  I have a set $G$ and a binary operation on it, let it be $\circ$. I have that the operation is associative and that the equations $a\circ x = b$ and $x\circ a = b$ have unique solutions. I have to prove that $(G, \circ)$ is a group.  I already have that the operation is binary and associative, so I have to prove that there is unique identity element and unique inverse element and it will come from the equations, but how exactly? I installed nginx a while ago using the ubuntu PPA repository.  Now I want to compile nginx from source so I can compile in and use the geo-ip module.  I know how to compile the new nginx from source.  How can I remove the nginx binary which was installed by the package?  I want to leave all the configs and logs and upstart stuff etc untouched.  I really just want to remove the old binary.  How can I do this? Arduino-controlled slot cars - alternative to MOSFETs for speed control? I'm attempting to control the speed of two slot cars in a set using Arduino.    Each car is controlled by a controller with a variable resistor that looks like this:    They're wired in parallel to the same 17V DC power supply:    Simplified:    For Arduino control, I experimented with manipulating a single car's speed using a MOSFET. It worked really well. Using a PWM output on the Arduino, I was able to pulse the MOSFET on and off to throttle the current and change the car's speed. The behavior of the MOSFET seemed to be exactly the same as the variable resistor controller; the resistance, voltage, and current fluctuated the same way on various parts of the circuit.  Enter car B. I added a MOSFET to the setup and mimicked the MOSFET wiring for car A, grounding them both to the Arduino ground. The result looks like this:    Here's a sketch:    Close up, MOSFET A:    MOSFET B:    At first, all seemed well. I sent signals to MOSFET A and successfully changed Car A's speed. I stopped Car A and pulsed MOSFET B, and I was able to control Car B's speed just fine.  Then, I turned Car B to a constant speed, and sent a signal to MOSFET A while Car B was still running. Car A started, but Car B's speed immediately dropped as a result of running Car A.  I hooked a multimeter up across the rails of Car B and watched its voltage while it ran on its own. Then, sure enough, when Car A started running alongside it, Car B's voltage dropped dramatically.  I figured this was because of my wiring configuration, so I left the multimeter on Car B, and made one change. I replaced MOSFET A with the original slot car controller:    I started running Car B again using its MOSFET. The multimeter showed a steady voltage, so I began to squeeze Car A's controller (the variable resistor), and Car A's speed increased. This time, however, unlike using a MOSFET to control Car A, the variable resistor did not affect Car B's voltage at all. Car B remained at a steady speed the whole time.  Any idea why this happens? The MOSFET seemed to function the same as the variable resistor (empirically) with a single car, but had totally different behavior with two cars in parallel. Is it because the MOSFET is not really changing resistance to current, but just switching it on and off, so it opens up another path for current to flow fully every time it closes? Is there an Arduino-controllable alternative to a MOSFET that would fluctuate actual resistance like the variable resistor? Digital potentiometer? Servo hooked up to a potentiometer? ;) I'm really curious what the difference is and what causes the major differences in behavior. How to handle trigger recursion I have two objects A(parent) and B(child) related by a lookup relationship. I  need to update records in object A using data loader. There is an after update trigger on object A which updates some fields on related records of object B. On object B as well there is an after update trigger which updates a field on parent object A. How can i handle recursion. How do I disable "Link Preview" in Chrome? "Battery Health" in macOS Catalina 10.15.5? I have just installed the macOS Catalina 10.15.5 update on my 11" Mid 2013 MacBook Air. The update is working fine.  The MacBook Air specifications on the Wikipedia page says that this model has a lithium-ion battery, 'tho I haven't unscrewed the case to look. But the new Battery Health controls in System Preferences → Energy Saver don't appear.  Not a lithium-ion battery? Or perhaps other differences in this model prevent Battery Health from showing up? Something else? The future of meta.stackoverflow and meta.stackexchange Historically this site, , has been the place to ask questions about not just Stack Overflow, but the functioning of the entire Stack Exchange (2.0) network, including Area 51 and stackexchange.com and careers.  (Yes, there was a , but that dealt with the old legacy Stack Exchange 1.0 sites. It was deprecated a while ago, and currently redirects here.)  Now that we've gotten many, many months under our belt from the SE 1.0 days, I think it's time that we gave Stack Overflow its own, true per-site meta, and moved the higher level network meta discussions to meta.stackexchange.com.  Over time, it's begun to bug me more and more that requests for Stack Overflow, the site, kind of get buried here on meta.stackoverflow under the avalanche of network issues. Retag requests, synonym requests, things truly specific to Stack Overflow, the site, not the network. This is unfair to our vastly largest and flagship Q&amp;A site, and it's unfair to the Stack Overflow users to mix their requests in with network level concerns.  It's also odd that Stack Overflow is the only network site without a proper, dedicated per-site meta, where its meta has its own reputation system not tied to the parent site in any way.  This is mostly a quirk of history more than anything else, and I believe it is now an appropriate time to split into two sites:   , a proper per-site meta for Stack Overflow with integrated rep , a global network meta with its own reputation system   Yes, this will be painful. But I believe it is a good, necessary, and healthy step both for the future of the network and the future of Stack Overflow.  Some things to discuss:   which questions should be migrated from here to meta.so? Obviously site-specific things like the retag-requests, and perhaps questions with the  tag. Anything that is 100% wholly specific to Stack Overflow and not generalizable to the rest of the network should be moved over. This may be a pretty small, narrow list of questions, and that's OK. Should we do some meta spring cleaning in our transition? Which questions / tags should be blown away as no longer relevant, referring to ancient versions of Stack Overflow or issues that have long since ceased to exist and aren't instructive for any future visitors? Your meta reps will generally be unaffected, except insofar as we delete for spring cleaning, or move site-specific things to meta.so. We still plan to have a distinct reputation system for the new meta.se site, just like here.   I do not have a timeline for this change, that is up to Jarrod and David to decide. It may be months away. However, we feel pretty strongly that this is something that we need to do to clean things up and pave the way for the future -- so I expect it will happen in the next few months, giving us lots of time to decide how we want to do it, per the above.  Update  . Problem 4.6, I. Martin Isaacs' Character Theory How to set up beamer to grey out past items but hide future items? How do I prove this using question using Cauchy-Schwarz inequality?