I have a lengthy two-column document where some of the figures end up taking up the entire column (centered in the column), but there ought to be room for text either above or below the figure.  Help?  Here's an example:   The preamble is reasonably straightforward:  \documentclass[letterpaper,twocolumn]{article} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{luatextra} \usepackage{hyperref} \usepackage{fontspec} \usepackage{listings} \usepackage[margin=1in]{geometry} \usepackage{unicode-math} \usepackage{booktabs} \usepackage{threeparttable} \usepackage{siunitx} \usepackage{topcapt} \usepackage[version=4]{mhchem} \defaultfontfeatures{Ligatures=TeX} \setmainfont{TeX Gyre Termes} \setmonofont{TeX Gyre Cursor} \setmathfont{TeX Gyre Termes Math} \renewcommand\thesection       {\Roman{section}} \newcommand{\matr}[1]{\mathbf{#1}} \renewcommand{\vec}[1]{\bf{#1}}  %float placement parameters \renewcommand{\topfraction}{.85} \renewcommand{\bottomfraction}{.7} \renewcommand{\textfraction}{.15} \renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{.66} \renewcommand{\dbltopfraction}{.66} \renewcommand{\dblfloatpagefraction}{.66} \setcounter{topnumber}{9} \setcounter{bottomnumber}{9} \setcounter{totalnumber}{20} \setcounter{dbltopnumber}{9}   and the offending figure is defined as:  \begin{figure}[tbp]   \centering   \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{spectra.pdf}   \caption{K, Th, and U basis spectra. Although drawn as smooth curves, the       x-axis (energy deposited) is divided into 0.012 MeV wide channels,       and the corresponding y-axis value is the average number of counts       recorded during a one-second measurement having an energy that falls       within that channel.  Solid curves correspond to \ce{NaI}, while       dotted curves correspond to \ce{CeBr3}. The dashed K curve in the top       panel corresponds to a Radian-sized \ce{NaI} spectrum that has had       the count rate in each channel multiplied by a factor of 1.3 (so that       the low-energy peak roughly overlaps those of its larger breathren).       The bottom panel is just a blow-up of the high-energy portion of the   spectra presented in the top panel. Vertical dashed lines indicate window   boundaries (see Sec.\ \ref{sec:fitting}) with the lower limit of each   window located at 0.072, 0.372, 0.696, 1.032, 1.344, 1.548, 1.944, and   2.208 MeV.}   \label{fig:basisspectra} \end{figure}   Thanks!
How to influence the position of float environments like figure and table in LaTeX?   This is a general question and should collect useful answers for all users. I hope we can use this as a reference
I have a 64-bit (amd64 a.k.a. x86_64) Debian or Ubuntu installation. I need to run 32-bit (i386/i686) programs occasionally, or to compile programs for a 32-bit system. How can I do this with a minimum of fuss?  Bonus: what if I want to run or test with an older or newer release of the distribution? This movie came out around 2000 and was created for one of the cable networks (and never in the theaters).  I think it was on the original Sci-Fi Channel or maybe the USA Network, but really not sure.    It's about a 1950's American-style utopian world.  The main character, if I remember correctly, worked at a car dealership.  I recall him looking like Jon Hamm, Adrian Pasdar, or Scott Bakula, but I may be way off there (and I didn't see the movie in their filmographies).  He drives his nice car home, and the whole town is beautiful, as are its people and white picket fence style homes.     He suddenly starts seeing weird things.  For example, instead of people driving cars, they're actually riding rickety bicycles.  The manicured, paved streets are actually dirt roads.  Houses are, in reality, tiny shacks.  Instead of people's clothes being immaculately maintained, everyone's really wearing filthy rags.  And instead of delicious food, they're eating something that looks like rotten garbage.  Something is making everyone believe they live in a beautiful, perfect society, but it's mind manipulation that's almost on the scale of the movie "The Matrix."    He befriends a pretty lady, and together they travel outside their town and try to find answers.  They even meet an outside militarized government, whose officials are interested in understanding and helping him.  This other city's infrastructure appears to be state-of-the-art and well funded.  The officials all have nice uniforms.  However, their environment is also under the same influence that's making everyone see things differently than what they really are.  The main character somehow sees through this illusion too, and realizes this fake prosperity is affecting others outside his home town--maybe the entire world!    The movie ends with       the man and woman eventually running into some elderly maintenance man in a forested area.  The maintenance man's job is to service a machine that alters everyone's perception of reality.     I posted about this a couple of years ago on another site, and somebody took a guess that it was "The Prisoner" but unfortunately that's not it.  I didn't really explain it well the first time, so hopefully this is clearer. Plot 4D data with color as 4th dimension Is there a known mathematical equation to find the nth prime? I've solved for it making a computer program, but was wondering there was a mathematical equation that you could use to solve for the nth prime? How to work with Dried Mushrooms? I was recently given a bag of dried mushrooms and am unsure how to work with them.  What's the best way to use them? Is there any hint that the MoM or anywhere else got support in combating voldemort the first time around? Or is everything completely UK-centric?  I can't remember anyone in the second war being specifically sent from europe to help, even though we see international wizards in book 4. But I don't think all the events of the first war are covered in the books.  So are other bodies like the MoM involved in the first war, or was it isolated in the UK? How do I make Panel always transparent like the Dock in GNOME 3? I'm using Ubuntu 17.10. I want the Panel to be always transparent instead of dynamic transparency. Cardinality of Borel sigma algebra It seems it's well known that if a sigma algebra is generated by countably many sets, then the cardinality of it is either finite or $c$ (the cardinality of continuum). But it seems hard to prove it, and actually hard to find a proof of it. Can anyone help me out? I am in doubt as to whether the subject-verb agreement of the second sentence of this paragraph is correct :  Unfortunately, there is no such thing as the ideal home workshop because most people are limited by the space available and by their budget. However, the information and diagram here acts as a guide to help you formulate a sensible workshop layout and a machinery “wish list”.  I suppose if the compound subject is seen as a single unit, then the sentence can be considered as correct. A little further in the same book, another sentence has a singular verb with a compound subject :  Alternatively commandeer a garage, or build yourself a substantial workshop if outdoor space and permission allows – however, do consider the impact of machinery noise on your neighbours.  Can &quot;outdoor space and permission&quot; be seen as one thing, or would this be considered a mistake ? Number of triangles formed by $m$ lines Showing that $A\cap B = A\setminus (A\setminus B)$ How does one show that $A\cap B = A\setminus (A\setminus B)$?  My thinking is that if $x\in A\setminus (A\setminus B)$ then this means that $x\in A$ and $x\notin A\setminus B$, which means that $x\in A$ and ($x\notin A$ and $x\in B$), but I don't see why the expression in parentheses should simplify to just $x\in B$. Any insight would be helpful.  Maybe $(x\in A^c$ and $x\in B)$, i.e, $x\in A^c\cap B$ is a possible simplification of the expression in parentheses, but still don't see why this simplifies to just $x\in B$. What is this weird colon-member (" : ") syntax in the constructor? I've tried to install Ubuntu on a VMWare Virtual Machine, but it never gets past the  bootloader :  ISOLINUX 4.01 debian-20100714 ETCD Copyright (C) 1994-2010 H. Peter Anvin et al No DEFAULT or UI configuration directive found! boot: _   I've also tried to burn this .iso image to a CD and go from therem but I got the same problem.  Some more details :   VMWare Server 2.0.2 Build 203138 on Windows 2008 R2 ubuntu-10.10-desktop-i386.iso image used (downloaded yesterday evening) How to prove that: $\tan(3\pi/11) + 4\sin(2\pi/11) = \sqrt{11}$ Complex number question on proving an inequality. If $|z_1|=1,|z_2|=1$, how can one prove $|1+z_1|+|1+z_2|+|1+z_1z_2|\ge2$ How to render world position pass A world position pass is a pass used for composting other elements into the scene after the initial render. In a world position pass the R, G, B values correspond to the X, Y, Z axis (or X, Z, Y). A world position pass could look something like this. (Image form another 3d app)    Is there a way to render out corresponding world space coordinates of each pixel? What bizarrities lurk within the decimal expansion of an irrational number? i.e. can we write  $\pi = 3.14159\dots X\dots$  where $X$ consists of (say) $10^{100}$ consecutive zeroes?  [Originally asked on reddit without response :-( ] Allow moderators to edit/delete comments directly from the per-user comment moderation page A while back, a new dashboard was added to the user moderation tools to .  It's great for scouring a user's comment history to find certain comments, but I can't do anything from this dashboard except filter by flagged1, deleted, or active comments, and visit the posts to which the comments are attached where I can then edit or delete them.  Can we have the ability to edit and delete comments from this dashboard just as we're able to from the flag queue? It gets particularly tedious to have to open 100 tabs just to delete 100 spam comments from the posts they're attached to (and no, I'm not making that number up2...).    1 .  2 Alright, fine, I made that up; the actual number of spam comments I had to delete was 111. Blender is saving as a blend1 file, not blend I teach Blender to classes of game design students in the University of California and a student came to me yesterday with a problem I haven't seen before. She's created a very simple file, but when it's saved Blender puts a .blend1 extension on it every time, not the normal .blend. This means that after it's saved twice there are two .blend1 files in the directory, and no .blend file. I have no idea why this is happening. What has she done? Anyone seen this before?  thanks - Chris The extension of smooth function