A while back I saw a question (Q1) about why the unix command cat was called that and what was the use when you could simply use vim. Question was well received and upvoted, but the actual reaction should have been, Asking "What research did you do ?", which is a general site-requirement.  I also saw a question (Q2) about tee which (the OP claimed) did nothing and why it was so named. Again, Question was well received and upvoted, but the actual reaction should have been, Asking "What research did you do ?"    Now I see a question (Q3) in CSE titled "Control Flow Statements Explained" but the title is not accurate; It is about running an infinite loop with a finite number of transistors. Instead of upvoting or answering, the question should have been edited for clarity, which is a general site-requirement.    Again, in Puzzling SE, I sometimes see questions (Q4) which have so many "correct" answers that OP keeps saying "Oh, that is right but that is not what I was thinking" and finally accepts the nearest to what he was thinking. Here a site-requirement is that Puzzle questions should have only one correct answer. Hence question should be Put on hold (or even Closed or Deleted) until it is edited such that only one answer is possible.    I have seen many more such cases of low quality Posts getting upvoted and getting into HNQ.    All these questions are well received and upvoted, but the actual reaction should have been something else.    Meanwhile, I have see questions which follow the site-requirements, are clear and are well-researched, but get downvoted and deleted, or edited beyond recognition.    Why such arbitrary behaviour by community ?    Some thoughts on why this happens: (R1) a new question gets a view from a random newbie who may want rep Points, so he is ready to answer silly questions which can be answered elsewhere, and his initial upvote draws in more upvotes which may lead to HNQ selection. (R2) a new question gets a view from somebody who downvotes questions he does not like [I have seen such comments like "I downvoted because I feel others may not be interested in this"] and this downvote leads to more downvotes. (R3) Some readers think that answering is easier than editing questions ( Newbies may not even be aware of editing ) ; Now the answers bring in more viewership and more answers. (R4) Some times, I see the formation of cliques, who upvote answers by each others.    I may be partially right or even entirely wrong. Hence I am asking here.    I also suggest the following: (S1) Maybe remove downvoting. Upvote good questions. Flagging of Bad questions is enough. Ignore questions you are not interested in. (S2) Do not show downvotes or upvotes for X hours. (S3) Let the site community select questions for HQN. (S4) When a low quality Post is Deleted, inform (and may be Penalise) those who upvoted.    None of these suggestions will work, but maybe this Post will encourage thinking on this Issue (Provided, it does not get downvoted itself!)
Over time I realized a very annoying property of the Stack Overflow reputation system: Easy answers to popular question are rewarded with a lot more reputation points than actually great answers. In case anybody actually needs examples for this, here are two examples from :   gained me 420 rep, I invested 2 minutes writing it, and it only was a wild guess.   took me about an hour for the research and the math and gained me 40 rep.  Now I know that you are bound to get more rep for answers that are useful to more people, and I'd say that's fine. But the current situation is quite extreme: 30% of my reputation is from 5 of my 330 answers, and they are definitely far from being my best ones.  A final example that is not from my profile, but more extreme: Do you really think  is worth 40000 reputation?  My proposition to improve that situation would be to make the reputation gain from a single answer non-linear, maybe even have it capped at a certain point. I'm not sure on how that non-linear function should look exactly, and would leave good proposals for that to users with more experience than me.
How do I escape a backtick ` within in-line code in Markdown? What is the meaning of "would", and how to use it? What is the meaning of would, and which tense is it used in the following sentences?  For example,   That would be Ram calling. I'll answer it. (the meaning of would and which tense is used) The guy on the phone had southern accent. That would be Tom. (the meaning of would and which tense is used) “We saw a police helicopter overhead yesterday morning.” “Really? They would have been looking for those bank robbers.” (the meaning of would and which tense is used) You would have to say/do that. (Why is would used here? What happens to the meaning if would is removed?) John said he didn't steal any money. Well, he would, wouldn't he ? (Why is would used here?)   Why is would used in sentences 1, 2, and 3 to mean "presumption" instead of using other modals, such as: must and should? Does the meaning change if used others?   Can we use will, must, should and could in the place of would, without changing the meaning of sentences?   What kind of meanings would it make if they (will, must, should, and could) are used in the place of would?     I'd be grateful if you could answer me. How to print file content only if the first line matches a certain pattern? How do you compare two version Strings in Java? Show that $\langle 2,x \rangle$ is not a principal ideal in $\mathbb Z [x]$ I’ve recently purchased a new Mac Mini, and I’ve been importing my old pictures into the Photos app.  I want to have these photos backed up to iCloud, along with the photos currently on my iPad. I then want everything synced to my Mac Mini, but not to my iPad, which has limited storage capacity.  Is it possible to have the Mac Mini and iPad set up to backup to iCloud, but only download backed-up photos to the desktop? Resonances in high energy physics I still do not understand what a  precisely is. Is it exactly the same as a particle? Or only an excited state?  And why does it make a peak in some diagrams? And which diagrams? Find all real numbers $x$ for which $$\frac{8^x+27^x}{12^x+18^x}=\frac76$$  I have tried to fiddle with it as follows:   $$2^{3x} \cdot 6 +3^{3x} \cdot 6=12^x \cdot 7+18^x \cdot 7$$ $$ 3 \cdot 2^{3x+1}+ 2 \cdot 3^{3x+1}=7 \cdot 6^x(2^x+3^x)$$ Dividing both sides by $6$ gives us $$2^{3x}+3^{3x}=7 \cdot 6^{x-1}(2^x+3^x)$$  Is this helpful? If so, how should I proceed form here? If not any hints would be greatly appreciated. Graphical interface for generating presentation slides Is there a good graphical interface, similar to PowerPoint or LibreOffice Impress, for generating presentation slides?  When writing documents I prefer to write my text and LaTeX-markups using a text-editor and not using a graphical tool like LyX. However, in the case of presentation slides I want to see the layout and to have the ability to immediately see what you get e.g. by moving a picture with arrow keys.  ADDITION: The background to my question is as follows. I have used PowerPoint for more than a decade and like to use a WYSIWYG tool when making presentation slides. However, I can not use PowerPoint on my current computer and I think the output from LibreOffice Impress is inferior. As a long-time user of LaTeX, I have considered using SliTeX or Beamer but unfortunately I do not like the way of working. The end result is of course superior, but I found it very time-consuming and tiresome to e.g. adjust the position and size of pictures. If a person holds prejudice against people because of their nationality, would that be considered racist? Would it be considered racist if a store owner believes all Canadians are thieves and does not let any Canadians into his store? Racism pertains to discriminating based on race, and (correct me if I'm wrong) Canadians are not a race. What would be an appropriate word to describe an individual such as the  store owner?  The discrimination is specific to Canadians, not foreigners in general. I'm looking for a word that could be applied to someone who lives in the country they discriminate against. For example if a Canadian announces "all Canadian culture is stupid!" what would that be called? How do we solve (i.e. get the closed form of) $\int \sqrt{1 + t^2} dt$ ?   shows the closed form of it but not the steps in solving it.  I think I need some algebraic trick..   I thought of some hyperbolic functions and their derivatives and equalities:  If I make $ t = \sinh x$, then I can reduce the integral to  $$ \int \cosh ^2 x dx $$ though I'm not sure if this is valid. But from here, I cannot go on evaluating the integral... Writing letters of recommendation for more than one student to the same department Suppose multiple students have asked me for letters of recommendation to the same graduate department in the US. Am I expected to explicitly compare the students to one another? Am I supposed to do this in both letters (assuming they haven't been submitted yet)? Do I need to explicitly state a preference for one over the other, or can I just get away with listing relative strengths and weaknesses (for instance, "X is stronger academically, but Y has more research experience and is a stronger programmer")? Durrett Example 1.9 - Pairwise independence does not imply mutual independence? The example in question is from Rick Durrett's "Elementrary Probability for Applications", and the setup is something like this:     Let $A$ be the event "Alice and Betty have the same birthday", $B$ be the event "Betty and Carol have the same birthday", and $C$ be the event "Carol and Alice have the same birthday".   Durrett goes on to demonstrate that each pair is independent, since for example,   $P(A \cap B) = P(A)P(B)$.   However, he concludes that $A, B$, and $C$ are not independent, since   $P(A \cap B \cap C) = \frac{1}{365^2} \neq \frac{1}{365^3} = P(A)P(B)P(C)$.  I understand the reasoning here, and that one can generally show that arbitrary events $X$ and $Y$ are not independent by showing that $P(X\cap Y) \neq P(X)P(Y)$.   I am a little new to probability, though, and don't understand why exactly $P(A \cap B \cap C) = \frac{1}{365^2}$.   My progress so far:   I do see why $P(A) = P(B) =P(C) = \frac{1}{365}$, and thus why $P(A)P(B)P(C) = \frac{1}{365^3}$.  It seems like the sample space $\Omega = \{ (a, b, c) \mid a,b,c \in [365] \}$ -- i.e., all of the possible triples of numbers from 1 to 365, where 1 denotes January 1st, 2 denotes January 2nd, etc. From that, I can conclude $|\Omega| = 365^3$, but I'm not sure where to go from here.   It seems like once a single birthday is chosen, the rest are completely determined if they're all equal to each other - is this a good direction to go in? I just need to check the reasoning in my proof is correct, I think it is valid although I'm not totally convinced because I can't follow the logic; does proving that $x$ is an integer prove that $ac|bd$?  Theorem: Let $a$, $b$, $c$, $d$ be integers. If $a|b$ and $c|d$, then $ac|bd$.  Proof: $aj=b$ and $ck=d$ for integers $j$, $k$. Then, $ac|bd$ implies $acx=ajck$ and thus $x=jk$ for some $x$. Since the product $jk$ is an integer, $x$ is an integer and thus $acx=ajck$ and thus $ac|bd$. I am trying to use the MailManager class in Drupal 8 to send HTML mail. I got it working, but it isn't parsing the HTML markup. I think something is wrong with the headers of the email.  What I have is a custom module (Custom_forward) that contains a form and that calls Mailmanager::mail() in its submitForm() method, which contains the following code.          // Email body         $header = $sender . ' thought you would like to see this page from the website.';         $personal_message = $form_state-&gt;getValues()['message_body'];         $entity_url_value = '&lt;a href="' . $entity_url-&gt;toString() . '"&gt;Go to article&lt;/a&gt;';         $message = $header . '&lt;br&gt;' . $personal_message . '&lt;br&gt;' . $entity_url_value;          // Email         $langcode = 'en';         $mailManager = \Drupal::service('plugin.manager.mail');         $to = $form_state-&gt;getValues()['recipient'];          $params['title'] = 'Forward';         $params['message'] = $message;         $result = $mailManager-&gt;mail('custom_forward', 'forward', $to, $langcode, $params, NULL, true);          if ($result['result'] !== true) {             drupal_set_message(t('There was a problem sending your message and it was not sent.'), 'error');             \Drupal::logger('mail-log')-&gt;error($message);         }         else {             drupal_set_message(t('Your message has been sent.'));         }   According to Drupal you also need the hook_mail method in mytheme.theme to be able to send message, you can see this method here:  function custom_forward_mail($key, &amp;$message, $params) {   $message['body'] = [];   $message['subject'] = [];   $message['headers'] = array(     'content-type' =&gt; 'text/html',     'charset' =&gt; 'UTF-8',     'format' =&gt; 'flowed',     'delsp' =&gt; 'yes',     'from' =&gt; \Drupal::config('system.site')-&gt;get('mail')   );    switch ($key) {     case 'forward':       $message['subject'] = $params['title'];       $message['body'][] = '&lt;html&gt;&lt;body&gt;' . $params['message'] . '&lt;/body&gt;&lt;/html&gt;';       break;   } }   As you can see, I am setting the content type to text/html and that should tell the mail system to parse the content as an HTML, but this is not working for some reasons.  This is a testing email. All the HTML markup is not shown, but also not working.  Bassem thought you would like to see this page from the website. personal message Go to article [1] [1] http://myhost/node/81 Since I am a regular Stack Overflow follower, I came across this and was shocked a bit regarding the design and user experience perspective.  Attaching picture 1 - it states that I can click any site and view a synopsis about it. Clear!!!    Attaching Picture 2 - you can see that when I clicked Webmasters, the design wants me to scroll horizontally to view all information and basically it hides information.    It would be nice, if it did something like below : "An hour" or "a hour" I am trying to understand model vs. interpretation of sentences vs. theories, with respect to a propositional calculus.  Is a model of a wff just a sentence that is true under some interpretation?   Or a set of wffs that are all true under some interpretation?   Or when an interpretation satisfies a wff (or set of wffs)?   Does it make sense to say that an interpretation is a model if all valid propositions are true? Or an interpretation being a model iff all theorems from the theory are still valid under the interpretation? How do I get the deformed coordinate of a vertex with Python? How might someone find the deformed coordinate via Python or otherwise when using a subdivision modifier with the 'show on cage' option?  For example, a subdivided cube with cage enabled and a vertex selected shows the location of the vertex at 1,1,1 but when manually placing the cursor near on the surface it is closer to .5,.5,.5  I know the vertex location needs to be at its non-deformed location for subdivision to even work but would like to get more accurate point locations at the surface without having to apply to mesh. Compute the (multiplicative) inverse of $4x+3$ in the field $\frac {\Bbb F_{11}[x]}{\langle x^2+1 \rangle}$? So I am finding a polynomial $px+q$ ($p,q \in \Bbb F_{11}$) which is multiplicative inverse of $4x+3$ in $\frac {\Bbb F_{11}[x]}{\langle x^2+1 \rangle}$.  i.e. $[(4x+3)+\langle x^2+1 \rangle][(px+q)+\langle x^2+1 \rangle]=1+\langle x^2+1 \rangle$   $\Rightarrow$  $(4x+3)(px+q)+\langle x^2+1 \rangle=1+\langle x^2+1 \rangle$  $\Rightarrow$  $4px^2+(4q+3p)x+3q+\langle x^2+1 \rangle=1+\langle x^2+1 \rangle$.  We see that the remainder,when $(4x+3)(px+q)$ is divided by $x^2+1$, is $1$. So by Division algorithm,  $$ \require{enclose} \begin{array}{r} 4p \\[-3pt] x^2+1 \enclose{longdiv}{4px^2+(4q+3p)x+3q} \\[-3pt] \underline{4px^2+4p} \\[-3pt] (4q+3p)x+(3q-4p) \\[-3pt] \end{array} $$    So I equate $(4q+3p)x+(3q-4p)=1$ and solve the simultaneous linear equations  $4q+3p=0, 3q-4p=1$. I get $p=6,q=1$  Hence $6x+1$ is the required inverse.  I am pretty sure that the answer is correct but is the method to achieve it right?