I wish I could remember more of this book.  The overall premise was that there were humans living within a comet, possibly even Halley's Comet.  I don't remember how they got there, but it was not something like a lost offshoot of the race.  They were the result of a mission to the comet or they were refugees.  They had tunnels running throughout the comet and had adapted to the difficult living situations and I think they had even evolved.  In the story, I think the comet was making its first approach toward the Sun after many years (I think so many that it likely wasn't Halley's Comet, but it might have been).  My memory is very sketchy, but I think they had to deal with not only the issues of the destabilization of their world as it approached the Sun, but also with the rest of humans on the Earth either wanting to land on the comet or bring it in or something else -- I don't remember what, but there was either some kind of conflict with Earth or Earth was totally disinterested in helping them as they swung so close to the Sun.  It was definitely a hard science book and I think the author was well known, but I don't remember for sure on that last point.
I'm trying to remember the title of a book.  The plot was a group of people are stranded on a comet or asteroid.  They establish kind of a colony inside it, and rig up rockets on the surface to move it.  Some of the people discover some sort of algae type life form inside it, which bonds with and mutates people helping them to survive.  They set the asteroid to head for Earth but have to change the course when authorities on Earth threaten to blow the asteroid up because of the mutations.
I have B1/B2 Visa. Can I travel for Business trip to US with this Visa? I have been given B1/B2 Visa, but first time when I had applied, it  was for vacation &amp; holiday. Now I need to go to US for business meetings. Is this Visa good enough or do I have to apply for a B1 Visa again?  Note: I originally applied for vacation purposes, but in my visa it is stamped "R b1/b2" RSA: Fast factorization of N if d and e are known Which Jedi have served in the Rebellion? Besides Luke Skywalker, Kanan Jarrus, Ezra Bridger and Ahsoka Tano, which other Jedi, regardless of whether they were survivors of Order 66 or became one at a later point, served within the Rebellion's ranks during the Galactic Civil War?  Looking for both canon and Legends versions.  Edit: ok, just to clarify what would qualify as a Jedi for the answer. Loosely speaking, anyone who follow the ideals of the Jedi philosophy - a practitioner in the ways of the Force, a protector of the galaxy, and an opposer to the dark side - would count.   Only trained Force users, not aligned with the dark side, would count. They need to be able to consciously control their use of the Force to aid the Rebellion. This excludes Leia Members of the Jedi Order of the late Republic would obviously count. However, they need to have survived Order 66 (duh), did not renounce the Jedi ways nor succumbed to the dark side, and become a member of the Rebellion. This excludes the Grand Inquisitor nor Darth Vader, but includes Kanan Jarrus and, in Legends, Rahm Kota. Those who are killed in action after joining the Rebellion also count. However, you don't need to be an official member of the order to be counted. You could be opposed to what was wrong with the late order, but as long as you follow the ideals defined above, and identify with them, you are a Jedi at heart by the count of this question. This counts Ahsoka Tano, Luke Skywalker and Ezra Bridger among its number. They aren't in the old Jedi Order's roster, but they believe in what the Jedi are meant to be, and follow its ways in that regard. Galen Marek in Legends, when he genuinely turned to the ways of the light, even though he was still a user of dark side powers, would be one. It's the thought that counts.   So loosely speaking, that means members of the Rebellion who are trained Force sensitives and genuine good guys. The question at hand is:  "Two capacitors of capacitances $C_1$ and $C_1$ have charge $Q_1$ and $Q_2$. How much energy, $\Delta w$, is dissipated when they are connected in parallel. Show explicitly that $\Delta w$ is non-negative."  I'm confused about what the physical situation is. I took the assumption that these capacitors were somehow pre-charged, and then connected to each other in parallel without a voltage source. However, I don't understand how this would work. If a circuit is composed of only 2 elements, I don't see how they could be in any arrangement but series. Nevertheless, I tried solving it that way:  Two capacitors in parallel have the same voltage drop. Charge will be redistributed to make it the same voltage for both. Let $Q_1'$ and $Q_2'$ be the charges on the capacitors after they are connected. Now, picture the equivalent capacitor  $C_{eq} = C_1 + C_2 =$ $\frac{Q_1' + Q_2'}{V_f}$   conservation of charge:  $Q_1' + Q_2'= Q_1 + Q_2$,        $C_{eq} =$ $\frac{Q_1 + Q_2}{V_f}$  $V_f = $$\frac{Q_1 + Q_2}{C_1 + C_2}$  The initial energy of the capactiors is:  $U_0 = $$\frac{Q_1^2}{2C_1}$$+\frac{Q_2^2}{2C_2}$  $U_f = $$\frac{1}{2}$$(C_1 + C_2)V_f^2 = $$\frac{(Q_1 + Q_2)^2}{2(C_1 + C_2)}$  $\Delta U$$ = $$\frac{(Q_1 + Q_2)^2}{2(C_1 + C_2)}$-$\frac{Q_1^2}{2C_1}$$-\frac{Q_2^2}{2C_2}$  However, I don't see how this is necessarily non-negative. Share Wireless connection with Wired Ethernet Port I'm using a vanity country code top level domain (ccTLD), can I persuade Google to geotarget a different region? Because I'm still living like it's 2008, I run a website with a .in TLD. The website has nothing to do we India and does not target Indian users.  Unfortunately, when I go to Google Webmaster Tools I see that Google have locked my geotargeting status to India:    On the , Google state that:     Sites with country-coded top-level domains (such as .ie) are already associated with a geographic region, in this case Ireland. In this case, you won't be able to specify a geographic location.   This seems implausibly inflexible, so I want to know if there are any sneaky ways of removing auto-geotargeting, or changing it to a more appropriate region? Could I replace headphones NIMH battery with Lithium Ion phone battery of the same voltage? "ping: unknown host google.com" but IPs works fine I'm using the package braket for my physics notes, and this speeds things up a great deal but I'm constantly writing \ket{\psi} or \bra{\psi}, and because this specific pair of bra and ket appears so often, this gets repetitive and I would like a macro to speed this up.  However since the braket package works only in math mode, my attempt \newcommand{\ketp}{$\ket{\psi}}$ work when I'm writing in text mode, but when I'm writing in mathmode it breaks (unsurprisingly).  Is there any way I can get this command to work in both mathmode and textmode without having to define two different macros, one for each?    Thanks in advance for any help.  P.S. I'm certain this is a very simple question but I could find little to no explanation of this feature. How to curve my mesh I'd like to curve my object, but I'm considering two options.  The first one is to make the object up with lots of vertices, like a sphere can be. The second is to apply some kind of modifier curve to a straight mesh, as I've understood there is such a possibility.  Here's an awesome pen drawing of what I'd like to achieve:    and here's my current even more awesome result:    Rather non-awesomely, they don't quite match. So if someone would kindly point me to the correct method to achieving a nice-looking solution with relatively low polygons, I'd be much enlightened I have installed Ubuntu 15.04 on my laptop with RTL8723BE Wi-fi card. But it is always disconnecting from network. I have tried echo "options rtl8723be fwlps=N ips=N" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/rtl8723be.conf but that didn't helped. What can I do to prevent the wifi from disconnecting? If I upgrade to kernel 4.X, will it help?  ~$ lspci -knn | grep Net -A2  09:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8723BE PCIe Wireless Network Adapter [10ec:b723]     Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device [103c:2231]     Kernel driver in use: rtl8723be   ~$ rfkill list 0: hci0: Bluetooth     Soft blocked: yes     Hard blocked: no 1: phy0: Wireless LAN     Soft blocked: no     Hard blocked: no   ~$ ifconfig &amp;&amp; iwconfig &amp;&amp; route -n &amp;&amp; ping -c 1 google.com eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 38:63:bb:cd:4a:7e             UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1           RX packets:3 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0           TX packets:53 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0           collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000            RX bytes:752 (752.0 B)  TX bytes:8445 (8.4 KB)  lo        Link encap:Local Loopback             inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0           inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host           UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1           RX packets:3870 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0           TX packets:3870 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0           collisions:0 txqueuelen:0            RX bytes:314613 (314.6 KB)  TX bytes:314613 (314.6 KB)  wlan0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr c0:38:96:6d:c4:83             inet addr:192.168.1.205  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0           inet6 addr: fe80::c238:96ff:fe6d:c483/64 Scope:Link           UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1           RX packets:15240 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0           TX packets:14627 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0           collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000            RX bytes:14410285 (14.4 MB)  TX bytes:2192744 (2.1 MB)  eth0      no wireless extensions.  wlan0     IEEE 802.11bgn  ESSID:"DIR-615"             Mode:Managed  Frequency:2.437 GHz  Access Point: 00:90:4C:08:00:0D              Bit Rate=150 Mb/s   Tx-Power=20 dBm              Retry short limit:7   RTS thr=2347 B   Fragment thr:off           Power Management:off           Link Quality=70/70  Signal level=-22 dBm             Rx invalid nwid:0  Rx invalid crypt:0  Rx invalid frag:0           Tx excessive retries:0  Invalid misc:186   Missed beacon:0  lo        no wireless extensions.  Kernel IP routing table Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface 0.0.0.0         192.168.1.1     0.0.0.0         UG    400    0        0 wlan0 169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1000   0        0 wlan0 192.168.1.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 wlan0 PING google.com.Dlink (172.26.136.19) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 19.136.26.172.in-addr.arpa (172.26.136.19): icmp_seq=1 ttl=249 time=102 ms  --- google.com.Dlink ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 102.547/102.547/102.547/0.000 ms \mathcal(O) and font size I use the following mystic TeX so as to display the Landau's notations for big and small O.  There is one partial solution to improve the scriptscriptstyle so as to not use a small o : see the secund answer below. The problemen with \smallOBis is the wrong spacing, contrary to \smallO. How can I do this ?  % Sources : %     1) http://forum.mathematex.net/latex-f6/bonnes-commandes-de-base-t12278.html %     2) http://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/30944/mathcalo-and-font-size  \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{amsmath}     \usepackage{amsfonts}     \usepackage{amssymb}      \usepackage{graphicx}      \newcommand{\bigO}[1]{\ensuremath{\mathop{}\mathopen{}\mathcal{O}\mathopen{}\left(#1\right)}}      \newcommand\smallO[1]{         \mathchoice             {% \displaystyle                 \ensuremath{\mathop{}\mathopen{}{\scriptstyle\mathcal{O}}\mathopen{}\left(#1\right)}             }             {% \textstyle                 \ensuremath{\mathop{}\mathopen{}{\scriptstyle\mathcal{O}}\mathopen{}\left(#1\right)}             }             {% \scriptstyle                 \ensuremath{\mathop{}\mathopen{}{\scriptscriptstyle\mathcal{O}}\mathopen{}\left(#1\right)}             }             {% \scriptscriptstyle                   \ensuremath{\mathop{}\mathopen{}{o}\mathopen{}\left(#1\right)}             }     }      \newcommand\smallOBis[1]{         \mathchoice         {% \displaystyle             \scriptstyle\mathcal{O}\left(#1\right)         }         {% \textstyle         \scriptstyle\mathcal{O}\left(#1\right)         }         {% \scriptstyle         \scriptscriptstyle\mathcal{O}\left(#1\right)         }         {% \scriptscriptstyle         \scalebox{0.8}{$\scriptscriptstyle\mathcal{O}$}\left(#1\right)         }     }   \begin{document}  \[     \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.2}%     \begin{array}{llll}          \textbf{Style}            &amp; \verb!\bigO!         &amp; \verb!\smallO!                          &amp; \verb!\smallOBis!         \\ \hline         \verb!\displaystyle!      &amp; \displaystyle      \bigO{\frac{1}{n}}         &amp; \displaystyle      1 + \smallO{\frac{1}{n}} - 2 &amp; \displaystyle      1 + \smallOBis{\frac{1}{n}} - 2         \\         \verb!\textstyle!         &amp; \textstyle         \bigO{\frac{1}{n}}         &amp; \textstyle         1 + \smallO{\frac{1}{n}} - 2 &amp; \textstyle         1 + \smallOBis{\frac{1}{n}} - 2         \\         \verb!\scriptstyle!       &amp; \scriptstyle       \bigO{\frac{1}{n}}         &amp; \scriptstyle       1 + \smallO{\frac{1}{n}} - 2 &amp; \scriptstyle       1 + \smallOBis{\frac{1}{n}} - 2         \\         \verb!\scriptscriptstyle! &amp; \scriptscriptstyle \bigO{\frac{1}{n}}         &amp; \scriptscriptstyle 1 + \smallO{\frac{1}{n}} - 2 &amp; \scriptscriptstyle 1 + \smallOBis{\frac{1}{n}} - 2     \end{array} \]  \end{document} I pressed F2 to take a few Minecraft screenshots. Later I couldn't find them. Where are they stored on my computer? Cancellation Law for Direct Sums - What is wrong with this argument? Embedding ordinals in $\mathbb{Q}$ All countable ordinals are embeddable in $\mathbb{Q}$.  For "small" countable ordinals, it is simple to do this explicitly.  $\omega$ is trivial, $\omega+1$ can be e.g. done as $\{\frac{n}{n+1}:n\in \mathbb{N}\} \cup \{1\}$.   $\omega*2$ can be done as $\{\frac{n}{n+1}:n\in \mathbb{N}\} \cup \{1+\frac{n}{n+1}:n\in \mathbb{N}\}$, and $\omega*n$ as $\bigcup_{i\le n} \{i+\frac{n}{n+1}:n\in \mathbb{N}\}$  That immediately also gives $\omega^2$ as  $\bigcup_{i \in \mathbb{N}} \{i+\frac{n}{n+1}:n\in \mathbb{N}\}$  And going further is still relatively easy: We can biject the above embedding of $\omega^2$ onto a single interval $(0,1)$, e.g. through $f(x)=1-\frac{1}{x+1}$ since this is an order preserving bijection from $\mathbb{Q}^+$ to $(0,1)$, allowing us to get $\omega^2+n$, $\omega^2*n$ etc. And by iterating that process, we can get any ordinal below $\omega^\omega$.   But this sort of embedding fails at $\omega^\omega$ as the iteration of $f$ doesn't seem compatible with taking the infinite union - figuratively speaking, we'd squish things to $0$. So what would an explicit embedding of $\omega^\omega$ look like? And the question, then, is if it is possible to give an explicit embedding of $\epsilon_0$? Is the fact that Peano arithmetic cannot prove well-foundedness of $\epsilon_0$ an indication that it cannot be embedded by such elementary functions and their iterations?  And what about even bigger countable ordinals such as the Veblen ordinals, Feferman-Schütte, Bachmann-Howard? From its definition, even if the above all are possible, I assume that the definitive bound of where one can define an effective procedure for the embedding must be Church–Kleene - is that a correct conclusion?  Lastly, does the situation change when we use $\mathbb{R}$ instead of $\mathbb{Q}$, which would allow us to use, perhaps, more easily understood yet inherently complex functions?  Edited because $\omega^2 \neq \omega^\omega$ Fatal error occurred, no output PDF file produced in php file We are using following code in .php script for generate .pdf file.  $result1 = exec("R CMD Sweave /var/www/html/r/r_latex_sweave.Rnw");  $result2 = exec("pdflatex /var/www/html/r/r_latex_sweave.tex");   but, we are getting this errors when we are executing .Rnw and .tex files.  ! I can't write on file `r_latex_sweave.log'. Please type another transcript file name:  ! Emergency stop !  ==> Fatal error occurred, no output PDF file produced!  Note: We have .tex and .Rnw folder in /var/www/html folder? HBONOW on Ubuntu 16.04LTS I am trying to watch HBONow on Ubuntu 16.04LTS on Chrome browser. It is showing the certification video (i.e. PG-13, TV-MA) and then when it tries to load content it's never shows up.  My windows browser is able to load it successfully. What could be the possible solutions? How to install specific Ubuntu packages, with exact version? I want to setup a new virtual machine with some specified packages (name and version), that are provided.  For example apache2 in version 2.2.20-1ubuntu1 with all dependencies. Even if there is a new version of this package on the servers this one should be installed.  The solution has to work/scale with multiple (n) "setups". Another virtual machine might need an older version of apache2.  I currently know of some possibilities that install the exact packages, but do not scale that good:   Copy all required *.deb to every virtual machine manually and enter: dpkg -i ... -> Could work, but it is very error prone. (Manual scripts etc.) Create and use a new Ubuntu repository for each setup. -> Does not work because I would need n repositories. Setup the machine once and copy the VM / create a snapshot. -> Does not work because I would need to store n VMs.   My problem could be labeled as patch management, but I do not want to update my packages to the current version. My goal is to install old packages. I'm trying to connect to a sandbox using the sfdx cli and the JWT flow through force:auth:jwt:grant. According to , we can use the same connected app information from Production to connect to our Scratch Org.  Is it something that should work for sandbox too ? I'm getting a "Failed: Not approved" error.  Connected app in sandbox comes from the refresh but has a different consumer key. The Permission set is set correctly on my user.  Is there a way to connect to a recently refreshed sandbox using the JWT flow (without manually changing something like the consumer key) ? Is it possible to prove that $1+1 = 2$? Or rather, how would one prove this algebraically or mathematically?