EDIT: This is not a duplicate of the issue linked. When I boot my computer with my headphones plugged in, they are working. When I unplug them and plug back in they usually do not work. To get it working again, I have installed pavucontrol &quot;PulseAudio Volume Control&quot;. I go into &quot;Configuration&quot; and I under my audio controller, I change the Profile to &quot;Analog Stereo Output&quot; from &quot;Off&quot;. It's almost as if it doesn't automatically detect the headphone being plugged in. there shouldn't be an issue with the hardware because it works fine on Windows with my dual boot. How do I make it so that automatically it picks up that I have plugged in the headphones and switches the profile for me? Edit: Following this does not fix the issue: , it is also a different scenario. Edit: Looks like this is also a similar issue:
On my fully updated Ubuntu 18.04.3 system, audio doesn't work unless I switch between outputs. When I boot my PC, the right output (stereo speakers) is already selected by default, but there is no audio from Chromium, Firefox, VLC or any other program. However, the GNOME speakers test works. I can hear "front left" and "front right" from there, but no audio from other programs. In order to fix that, I can simply switch to another audio output (e.g. HDMI out) and then switch back to the stereo speakers, and the audio will magically work. Any idea why? It's not a big deal because it takes a couple of seconds to switch between outputs, but it's kind of annoying to do that after every reboot.
Is there an international taxonomy of academic titles/ranks? Looking at the  on Wikipedia shows that the same academic rank/title can mean quite different things in different countries. For instant, a "research assistant" in the US can stand for an undergrad student doing an internship, while in the UK it can stand for a postdoc. Similarly, the term "lecturer" might stand for a permanent position (e.g. in the UK) or for a teaching assistant position, open to graduate students.   However, when thinking about it, there are not so many kind of possible positions (permanent or not, with teaching or not, with research or not, with PhD supervision or not, with team responsibility or not, etc), and having a clear title could help a lot (for instance, in my case, I've been working in four different countries, with a different job title each time!).    Is there some kind of official taxonomy that one could refer to?  If not, who could be in charge to create it? (the EU, if only for intra-Europe mobility?) Using zypper, how can I remove all packages installed from a specific repository? Can I hire my kid and start a Roth IRA for him? I own an LLC, of which I am currently the sole member. It's my main source of income.  I am wondering if there is a reason why I could not do the following:   Hire my child as a part-time employee of the LLC, for an annual salary of $5500. Start a Roth IRA for the kid and put the $5500 into it. Deduct the $5500 as a payroll expense for my LLC, thereby reducing my amount of taxable income.   To me, this seems attractive because I'd lower my LLC's tax liability. Meanwhile, my kid would not have to pay any taxes on the $5500 because it is lower than the standard deduction. And by putting the money in a Roth IRA, he'd get an investment that would grow tax-free. It would essentially be like getting the pre-tax benefits of a traditional IRA with the post-tax benefits of a Roth.  The way I see it, I'd win, my kid would win and the IRS would lose, for once.  Is there any reason this wouldn't work? There is no minimum age or income for contributing to a Roth IRA. So as long as I could legally hire my kid, I don't see any obstacles. How do I update jQuery to the latest version I can download? Creating label in QGIS? I am using QGIS 2.18.16 on Windows 10.    What I want is a label to appear within the boundaries of a polygon.    I select a layer, then select command Layer>Labelling, and I get:    From here, I can change "No Labels" to "Show labels for this layer".  But I can't actually create label text.  I find a clue in a prior question:    “Labelling polygon using QGIS?”    The answer was:  The layer you are trying to label must have at least one attribute field populated with data. You can then turn on labelling in Layer Properties and select which attribute field to use for your labels.  I can enter command Layer>Open Attribute Table, and what I get is:    If I need something in the attribute table in order to apply a label, how do I accomplish that? Prove that $1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1\cdot 3}{3\cdot 6}+\frac{1\cdot 3\cdot 5}{3\cdot 6 \cdot 9}+.........=\sqrt{3}$ Prove that $$1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1\cdot 3}{3\cdot 6}+\frac{1\cdot 3\cdot 5}{3\cdot 6 \cdot 9}+.........=\sqrt{3}$$   $\bf{My\; Try::}$ Using Binomial expansion of  $$(1-x)^{-n} = 1+nx+\frac{n(n+1)}{2}x^2+\frac{n(n+1)(n+2)}{6}x^3+.......$$  So we get $$nx=\frac{1}{3}$$ and $$\frac{nx(nx+x)}{2}=\frac{1}{3}\cdot \frac{3}{6}$$  We get $$\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{3}+x\right)=\frac{1}{3}\Rightarrow x=\frac{2}{3}$$  So we get $$n=\frac{1}{2}$$  So our series sum is $$(1-x)^{-n} = \left(1-\frac{2}{3}\right)^{-\frac{1}{2}} = \sqrt{3}$$  Although I know that this is the simplest proof, can we solve it any other way someting like defining $a_{n}$ and then use Telescopic sum.  Thanks. Is osmosis a kind of thermal machine? The hyperphysics article defines osmosis as a process driven by internal energy and internal energy is defined as energy associated with random,disordered motion of molecules. Osmosis develops pressure and lifts weight so it has the output of a machine.  But what drives osmosis? Is osmosis driven at the expense of thermal energy although there is no temperature gradient? Replacement for alliums? Any point to downvoting already closed questions? That question of mine was closed a long time ago (relatively, to me at least).  However, from time to time I still get downvotes for it.  That got me thinking: is there any reason to still downvote closed questions? Let $f$ be a function of bounded variation on $[0,1]$. Let $\{[a_n,b_n]\}_{n=1}^\infty$  such that $(a_n,b_n)$ are pairwise disjoint and $\cup_{n=1}^\infty [a_n,b_n]=[0,1]$. (for example, $[1/2, 1], [0,1/3], [1/3,1/3+1/3^2], \cdots$ ) Can we write  $$ \operatorname{Var}_{[0,1]} f=\sum_{k=1}^\infty \operatorname{Var}_{[a_k,b_k]} f? $$ I am trying to identify a sci-fi movie from the 80's or 90's, with the following parameters:  Setting:    Scenes of a red desert planet   Culture:    Either people roam fairly solo and try to acquire resources to survive, or you live in a weird society where if a stranger is captured he needs to play in a game of fight to the death.  Mobility:      One foil character has a giant battle-bot-looking tank as his form of transportation through the desert. Protagonist has a car that has a plastic half bubble on top to look out from.   Robot:      The protagonist runs around in the beginning of the film with a female robot/android whose face is melted off after it has acid touch its face.(This scene happens next to the protagonist's rover)  Love interest:      Somehow protagonist comes across female protagonist in desert. She smells really bad and is hungry. They sleep outside, and he tells her to sleep away from him. He uses a thermal blanket(the first I ever saw in my life). She wakes up next to him, smelling horrible. He bathes her in some water hole they find(as if water were not scarce and they could just waste water.)   Pupa monsters:      Scene where they are in a building and they are trying to get out. They come across a room that is white, in which multiple giant, white, snot, pupa are hanging securely from the ceiling. Through curiosity, they disturb them, and now they have to get out of that room fast.  Boss Antagonist:      Pervert bionic man, that is actually attached to a giant robotic arm, as only form of movement. He is in black and has a pale bald head as his most human looking part. Find a plane that passes through a point and is perpendicular to 2 planes What's the easiest way to download all albums from Google Photos? I have around 950 albums at Google Photos.      I want to back them up now, but organised by albums, not by date.   Whenever I create a backup from within Google Photos, the backup splits my photos by date and adds metadata here and there.  What I am doing now is to click on every album, and choose "Download all". But this will take me ages.  Is there a way through Google Drive or another app to have a easier job? Is any divergence-free curl-free vector field necessarily constant? Why is . not in the path by default? On UNIX-like systems over the years (most relevantly to me, Linux), I've noticed that . (current dir) is never in the $PATH by default.  Why is this?  I recall reading years ago that it was a security problem, but the article I read didn't explain what exactly the problem was.  Is it because someone could leave a malicious version of ls or cp in a directory, and I'd end up running it without realizing it was there? I've installed Process Lasso and in All processes tab, set all affinities to 1-7, meaning that all the processes can be start on all my CPUs except the first one. Yet, there is a huge load on my first CPU.   I personally have no clue what's happening here and really appreciate any help.  My system is:   Intel core i7 - 4720 HQ  2.6 GHz upto 3.6 Windows 10 (64 bit) NVidia GTX 950 M   This screenshot, shows the software's interface. Those 8 green bars on upper right show my CPU usage. Also the column called Rules, indicates the affinities on the processes.       PS: These are screenshots that show the more familiar Task Manager and Resource Monitor. I've sorted all with respect to their CPU usage. Note that the overall CPU usage is just fine (less than 30% most of the time), but in Resource Monitor, same as the Process Lasso, it's obvious that that most of the load is on CPU0 and the others are almost free.  Also I found out that my total CPU usage, is actually more than all my processes altogether! The orange line in Resource Monitor picture, shows the amount of CPU usage of all my processes. (I did the same in safe mode. Orange line, exactly coincides the total usage in safe mode. So I'm suspecting that something is happening in my normal boot.) Division by $0$ I came up some definitions I have sort of difficulty to distinguish. In parentheses are my questions.   $\dfrac {x}{0}$ is Impossible (  If it's impossible it can't have neither infinite solutions or even one. Nevertheless, both $1.$ and $2.$ are divided by zero, but only $2. $ has infinite solutions so as $1.$ has none solution, how and why ?) $\dfrac {0}{0}$ is Undefined and has infinite solutions. (How come one be Undefined and yet has infinite solutions ?) $\dfrac {0}{x}$ and $x \ne 0$, it's okay for me, no problem, but if someone else wants to add something about it, feel free to do it. How can I remove the Trash icon from the Unity launcher? I would like to not show the trash icon at the bottom of the Unity launcher.  Is this possible without having to recompile anything? :P Why does my grep expression need to use $'string' to match tab characters? Shortest path from points in one layer to points in another layer via roads in QGIS I'm looking for a way to calculate the shortest path from addresses to subway stations via a network of roads.  I have the , however, the addresses and subway stations are point layers that do not overlap with vertices in the roads layer.  In QGIS, is there a way to calculate the shortest distance from the address/subway station points to the roads, create vertices at those locations, then calculate the shortest distance via the roads network?   black squares - addresses white circles - subway stops gray lines - roads