The following cron job fails to execute. What's wrong with it? It works fine when I run it directly from the shell prompt.      www-data@etl:~$ crontab -l SHELL=/bin/bash MAITO=""  0 5 * * *   export YESTERDAY=$(date --date "yesterday" "+%Y-%m-%d"); cd /var/www/project &amp;&amp; source .env/bin/activate &amp;&amp; ./manage.py get_orders --date="$YESTERDAY" &amp;&amp; sleep 5m &amp;&amp; time ./manage.py merch --date="$YESTERDAY" &amp;&amp; time ./manage.py order_flat_report --date="$YESTERDAY" &amp;&amp; time ./manage.py update_hourly_report --date="$YESTERDAY"   I'm getting this error message:  Return-Path: &lt;www-data@etl&gt; X-Original-To: www-data Delivered-To: www-data@etl Received: by localhost (Postfix, from userid 33)     id E170C43EC7; Fri, 18 Apr 2014 05:00:01 -0400 (EDT) From: root@etl (Cron Daemon) To: www-data@etl Subject: Cron &lt;www-data@etl&gt; export YESTERDAY=$(date --date "yesterday" "+ Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ANSI_X3.4-1968 X-Cron-Env: &lt;SHELL=/bin/bash&gt; X-Cron-Env: &lt;MAITO=&gt; X-Cron-Env: &lt;HOME=/var/www&gt; X-Cron-Env: &lt;PATH=/usr/bin:/bin&gt; X-Cron-Env: &lt;LOGNAME=www-data&gt; Message-Id: &lt;20140418090001.E170C43EC7@localhost&gt; Date: Fri, 18 Apr 2014 05:00:01 -0400 (EDT)  /bin/bash: -c: line 0: unexpected EOF while looking for matching `"' /bin/bash: -c: line 1: syntax error: unexpected end of file    Ubuntu 13.10 (GNU/Linux 3.11.0-14-generic x86_64) GNU bash, version 4.2.45(1)-release (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)
This is a  about using cron &amp; crontab.   You have been directed here because the community is fairly sure that the answer to your question can be found below. If your question is not answered below then the answers will help you gather information that will help the community help you. This information should be edited into your original question.  The answer for 'Why is my crontab not working, and how can I troubleshoot it?' can be seen below.  This addresses the cron system with the crontab highlighted.
If there is a unique left identity, then it is also a right identity Let $(R,+,\cdot)$ be a ring, and $e \in R$ be an element such that $ea=a$ for all $a\in R$. I'm trying to prove that if $e$ is unique with this property, then $ae=a$ for all $a\in R $.  So far I have $e^2 = e$ (using uniqueness), but I am stuck. I saw a proof of this fact for groups which used the existence of inverses, which we don't have here. I wonder if the result is really true here. Can someone help? Thanks. Sorting citations using \cites command in biblatex I am using biblatex for citations and bibliography. Now I often have lists of multiple citations, for which biblatex has the \cites command. Now I can get citations to automatically sort if I don't want page numbers, but I cannot get it right with page numbers.  What I want is all citation ordered chronological (oldest first). Is this possible, or must I just do this by hand?  Here is an example.  \documentclass[11pt,oneside]{memoir}  \usepackage[     style=authortitle,     useprefix=false,     maxnames=2,     firstinits=true,     sortcites=true,     uniquename=init,     abbreviate=true,     backend=biber,     sorting=ynt ]{biblatex}  \begin{filecontents}{jobname.bib} @book{tom1,   author = {Author, A.},   year = {2001},   title = {This book is from 2001},   shorttitle = {2001}, } @book{tom2,   author = {Author, A.},   year = {1999},   title = {This book is from 1999},   shorttitle = {1999}, } \end{filecontents}  \addbibresource{jobname.bib}   \begin{document} This one is corrent.\footnote{\Cites{tom1,tom2}.} This one is corrent.\footnote{\Cite{tom1,tom2}.}   This one is incorrent.\footnote{\Cites{tom1}{tom2}.} This one is incorrent.\footnote{\Cites[1]{tom1}[12]{tom2}.} \end{document} Record Animation In BGE Purchasing a Switch - AC vs DC Current Specifications? I'm trying to purchase several switches for a DC system with moderately low current (a few amps at 12V). When browsing for switches in parts catalogs (e.g.  and ) there are always separate voltage ratings for AC and DC applications. I understand that AC switches are less expensive because the switching time does not need to be as fast and arcing is less of a concern. There is only one current rating listed and I am not sure if it applies to AC switching, DC switching, or both.  Does this current rating apply to both the rated AC and DC voltages? Is there a good rule-of-thumb for converting between AC and DC voltage/current ratings? What is the highest current I could reasonably expect from a DC switch before moving to a relay? How to install program to all user accounts in Windows? I have several accounts on my home PC. I want to install a program for all user accounts, not just the one I used to perform the installation. How do I go about doing this?  I installed a program from an admin account, but it doesn't show up in the other local accounts.  I was not able to find any documentation on how to do this.  I have Windows 8.1, if that matters. Solving "The ObjectContext instance has been disposed and can no longer be used for operations that require a connection" InvalidOperationException What to do to switch to biblatex? Because of the great answers posted around in the site, I'm finally considering to do the switch and move to biblatex. So, the question is what do I have to do?  To give the question some focus, assume that I already have a somewhat largish .bib file and a bunch of documents using natbib for my references. What do I have to change in my existing .bib and .tex files?  And what about coauthors? Would it be reasonably simple to instruct them how to work with the new documents using biblatex? Do they have to install new software/packages as well? We know that $12^2 = 144$ and that $38^2 = 1444$. Are there any other perfect squares in the form of $\frac{13}{9} (10^n - 1) + 1$ (i.e. $1$ followed by $n$ $4$'s), and how would we prove it? When does $\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} a_n = 0$ imply $\sum_{n = 0}^{\infty} a_n$ converges? This is just a general question. I know the opposite statement is always true. I'm just asking when the converse holds. I know that the converse is not true in some cases, such as for harmonic series. What additional restrictions are needed to make this statement true? $\mathbb{Z}[X]/(X^2-1)$ is not isomorphic with $\mathbb{Z}\times \mathbb{Z}$ I have to show that the ring $\mathbb{Z}[X]/(X^2-1)$ is not isomorphic with $\mathbb{Z}\times \mathbb{Z}$.    I know that $(\mathbb{Z}\times\mathbb{Z})^*=\{(\pm1,\pm1)\}$, so I thought I should be looking for elements which have inverses in $\mathbb{Z}[X]/(X^2-1)$ and hopefully find more or less than 4. But I didnt succeed, so I need hints. Thanks. After one of the latest updates (not sure if it was the last one or a previous one) of the Google Play app, I am having an error trying to update a large app (42MB). It says:     Error Downloading . There is insufficient space on the device.   My device is a Samsung P1000 running Froyo. It's rooted, but the error was there before rooting it.  A quick Google search showed several Samsung users having the same problem (the app in question that was giving me the headache is Smurf's village). Some said that removing the updates to the Android Market (Google Play) app would fix it, but to me it was of no avail.  I also tried the procedure in  to no avail.  Now I am stuck with a prehistoric version of the Market (that works on small apps) and still cannot update Smurf's Village or install big apps. How can I fix this?  EDIT: device has over 2GB of internal SD storage, 27GB of external SD card, so space is not an issue. How to list all functions in a Python module? In German, we often use "Elfhundert" (literally, "eleven hundred") for 1100 or "neunzehnhundert" ("nineteen hundred") for 1900; but is this correct in English? I've finished the game, got all the items except one. This is the one to the right of the green shark fin. What and where is it? What is the equivalent of gksudo in Kubuntu/KDE? In regular Ubuntu (Unity/Gnome), I use gksudo to run GUI programs with root privileges. I'm trying out Kubuntu (or KDE) now -- what do I use? If the plural of ‘man’ is ‘men,’ shouldn’t the plural of ‘German’ be ‘Germen’? What makes these two words so different that 'man' is changed to 'men', but 'German' is changed to 'Germans'? Prove that $\frac{1}{\sin^2 z } = \sum\limits_{n= -\infty} ^ {+\infty} \frac{1}{(z-\pi n)^2} $ I'm working on an exercise from functional analysis.  Let $E$ be a vector space and $\|\cdot\|_1$ and $\|\cdot\|_2$ be two complete norms on $E$. Now suppose that $E$ satisfies the following property:  $\bullet$ if $(x_n)$ is a sequence in $E$ and $x,y\in E$ such that $\|x_n-x\|_1\to 0$ and $\|x_n-y\|_2\to 0$, then $x=y$.  Now we want to show that the norms $\|\cdot\|_1$ and $\|\cdot\|_2$ are equivalent.  My idea is as follows: If for any $n&gt;0$, there is an element $x_n\in E$ such that $\|x_n\|_1&gt;n\|x_n\|_2$. Then consider $(\frac{x_n}{\|x_n\|_1})_{n\geq 1}$. Clearly, $(\frac{x_n}{\|x_n\|_1})_{n\geq 1}$ converges to $0$. However, I cann't get a contradicition from this. Maybe my idea is wrong.   In fact, I even don't konw how to show that a Cauchy sequence in norm $\|\cdot\|_1$ is also a Cauchy sequence in norm $\|\cdot\|_2$.   Anyone can give me some hints or a counter example? Thank you very much. In the 3rd and 4th editions of D&amp;D, there were explicit rules for determining if a character knew anything about a monster before them.  In 3rd edition, for example, use of the  skill with a general DC of 10 + the monster's HD allowed for determining one fact, plus one fact per 5 points over the check.  Looking at the Intelligence section of the 5e PHB, I don't see any similar notation.  Does 5e provide any guidance as to when a player could use their out-of-game knowledge about a monster, or when the player might be told things their character would probably know in-game? How does one parse XML files?