New to bpy and I'd like to write some code that sets the shading of an object to smooth by just clicking a button. I did some research and I have written the following lines for now: import bpy  def draw(self, context):     layout = self.layout     row = layout.row()     row.operator(&quot; bpy.ops.object.shade_flat()&quot;)     row = layout.row()     row.operator(&quot; mesh.object.shade_smooth()&quot;)  I assume that I would have to add some other lines in order to register the class and all that right? Anyway, the problem is that the code does not work. Is this the way it is supposed to work at all? Q: What's the correct way to call this function when pressing a custom button?
So I wish to create and object and set it's shading to 'smooth' using python. It seems simple enough but after trying every method I could find on the internet none of them worked for me. Here's a short example script where the object needs to have smooth shading:  import bpy from mathutils import Vector  verts = [(0,0,0),(0,5,0),(0.25,5,0),(0.25,0,0),(0,0,5),(0,5,5),(0.25,5,5),(0.25,0,5)] faces = [(0,1,2,3), (4,5,6,7), (0,4,5,1), (1,5,6,2), (2,6,7,3), (3,7,4,0)]  grat1mesh = bpy.data.meshes.new("grat1") grat1obj = bpy.data.objects.new("grat1", grat1mesh) grat1obj.location = (5, -5, 0) bpy.context.scene.objects.link(grat1obj) grat1mesh.from_pydata(verts,[],faces) grat1mesh.update(calc_edges=True)  grat2obj = grat1obj.copy() grat2obj.data = grat1mesh.copy() bpy.context.scene.objects.link(grat2obj) grat2obj.location += Vector((-0.125, 1.25, 1.25)) grat2obj.scale = (2, 0.5, 0.5)  bm = grat1obj.modifiers.new("Chop", 'BOOLEAN') bm.object = grat2obj bm.operation = 'DIFFERENCE' bpy.context.scene.objects.active = grat1obj bpy.ops.object.modifier_apply(modifier=bm.name) bpy.context.scene.objects.unlink(grat2obj)   I found this online and tried to place it at the end of the script:  smoothings = [] smoothings.append(face.use_smooth) me_ob.faces.foreach_set("use_smooth", smoothings)   However this just returned an error on the second line, perhaps as it was from an older website. Obviously using a simple bpy.ops.object.shade_smooth() didn't work and I'm kind of stumped as of what to do here!
$$\sqrt{x + \sqrt{x + \sqrt{x + \cdots}}}= 5$$ What is the origin of non-conservative force? My understanding about  is a force that its work is independent of path such that we can construct another form of the work called potential to make our life easier.  For friction, if I start from microscopic point of view, it should be the macroscopic effect of the electric force or gravity which are both conservative force.  Why do we initially have description by conservative forces (electric/gravity force) but end up with a macroscopic description of nonconservative force(friction)? What determines who gets or becomes an MVP? This hasn't been asked yet, but what determines how or who gets an MVP award in CS:GO? After a match, there's always a little blurb that first states who got MVP first, and then a random fact (Player X got Y knife kills, Player X lasted Y rounds without dying, etc.).  Do these two factors both "factor" into getting an MVP award? Is it a set percentage of enemies you kill? Is there a priority list (ie, planting bomb, defusing, etc.)? Formal Languages - Regular Expression I've been battling the following two questions for more than a day today.  Write a regular expression (comprised of {a, b}) that contain at least two b and do not contain abb. Write a regular expression (comprised of {a, b}) that contain abba and do not contain baa.  For the first part I wrote a basic one to start off with that doesn't handle the must two-b: b* OR a* OR (a+ AND b)* OR a*  I ran a few &quot;truth tables&quot; inputs over it and it seems ok. But the moment I add the requirement, things go haywire. Mostly because when pushing in those &quot;b&quot;s, you can suddenly use the OR to break things up. Same thing on the second one.... Any help would be greatly appreciated! Norah How can a single Curve Interpolation Mode set to Constant? sudo apt upgrade error 18.04 (Broken Packages) How to change Power button shutdown action to run a script under systemd Best way to specify whitespace in a String.Split operation What do I do when I walk into a room with a broken item and both children shrug their shoulders and say "Wasn't me"? I'm trying to get my kids to be honest and take responsibility.   I'm seeing a repeated pattern where one or both of my kids will lie to get out of trouble. They're starting to see that they can deny responsiblity.   Our current system of reward involves a marble jar, where the family will go out for a collective treat. When this stuff happens we take marbles out of the jar as a joint penalty.   This seems to be decreasing in effectiveness.   My question is: What do I do when I walk into a room with a broken item and both children shrug their shoulders and say "Wasn't me"?  Clarification: Kids are girl: 5 and boy: 4. Cultural context is Australian middle class with two university educated parents. How many group structures make $S^1$ a topological group? Let $S^1$ be the subspace of $R^2$ given the usual topology. How many group structures make $S^1$ a topological group? Find the maximum likelihood estimator for $\theta$ when $f(x)=2\theta^{-2}x, 0\leq x \leq \theta$ Find the maximum likelihood estimator for $\theta$ when $f(x)=\frac{2x}{\theta^2}, 0\leq x \leq \theta$.  This should be a really easy question but I somehow cannot seem to get the right answer. My likelihood function is $\prod\limits_{i=1}^n \frac{2x_i}{\theta^2}$ which gives me after some simplification $n\ln(2\theta^{-2}) + \sum\limits_{i=1}^n ln(x_i)$ as my log-likelihood function. Then the derivative becomes $\frac{-2n}{\theta}$. If I equate this to $0$ to obtain the maximum I obtain $\hat{\theta}\rightarrow\infty$. However, this answer does not seem plausible. What did I do wrong? How to switch between virtual console and GUI in Ubuntu? I wanted to see what key functions would allow me to switch between the two. I hear a lot of talk about apparmor, I want to know the following:    What is apparmor? How does apparmor work? Install Alongside Windows or Something Else - Which should I use? I have old notebook with BIOS (not EFI) installed with Windows 8 RTM, want to install Ubuntu 12.10 by booting to a LiveCD.   Doing some research, I found method either to choose Something Else or Install Alongside... Which method should I use? Short story about a crew finding an ancient alien ship filled with tons of artifacts from their society Filesystem owner changed by mistake I ran this command on my ubuntu 12.04 by mistake:  chown someuser / -R   On RHEL it would be fixed by this command:  rpm --setugids -a   Is there anyway to fix it in ubuntu server? Is there any Windows installer (wubi) for Ubuntu 14.04 LTS?  When I mount the .iso file with Daemon Tools and run wubi.exe, it just asks me if I want to reboot (I think that's useful only when the .iso  is burned on CD), so is there no "real" installation? How to (properly) remove the parentheses around the year in authoryear style? (v3) I have a question that has been answered a few times, but does not work for me (and also not for another commenter in a previously asked question).   I want to remove the parenthesis around the yead in the bibliography with biblatex style authoryear, and ideally also add a comma and space before it. I have looked at the following questions:        I use biber 2.10 and TexLive 2017/W32Tex.  This MWE should work according to the question v2 above, but does not work for me, i.e. the output is still Author, Anne (2001a). Alpha. The output I need is Author, Anne, 2001a. Alpha.  \documentclass{article}  \usepackage[style=authoryear,dashed=false]{biblatex} \usepackage{xpatch,filecontents}  \begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib} @misc{A01,author={Author, Anne},year={2001},title={Alpha}} @misc{A02,author={Author, Anne},year={2001},title={Beta}} \end{filecontents} \addbibresource{\jobname.bib}  \xpatchbibmacro{date+extrayear}{%   \printtext[parens]% }{%   \setunit*{\addperiod\space}%   \printtext% }{}{}   \begin{document} \nocite{*} \printbibliography \end{document} In chapter 2, the section on bitwise operators (section 2.9), I'm having trouble understanding how one of the sample methods works.  Here's the method provided:  unsigned int getbits(unsigned int x, int p, int n) {     return (x &gt;&gt; (p + 1 - n)) &amp; ~(~0 &lt;&lt; n); }   The idea is that, for the given number x, it will return the n bits starting at position p, counting from the right (with the farthest right bit being position 0). Given the following main() method:  int main(void) {     int x = 0xF994, p = 4, n = 3;     int z = getbits(x, p, n);     printf("getbits(%u (%x), %d, %d) = %u (%X)\n", x, x, p, n, z, z);      return 0; }   The output is:     getbits(63892 (f994), 4, 3) = 5 (5)   I get portions of this, but am having trouble with the "big picture," mostly because of the bits (no pun intended) that I don't understand.  The part I'm specifically having issues with is the complements piece: ~(~0 &lt;&lt; n). I think I get the first part, dealing with x; it's this part (and then the mask) that I'm struggling with -- and how it all comes together to actually retrieve those bits. (Which I've verified it is doing, both with code and checking my results using calc.exe -- thank God it has a binary view!)  Any help? Additive function $T: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ that is not linear. A function $T:V \rightarrow W$ is additive if $T(x+y) = T(x) + T(y)$ for every $x, y \in V$. Prove that there exists an additive function $T: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ that is not linear.  My attempt: Let $T$ be the function $T: \mathbb{R}$ (over the field $\mathbb{Q}$) $\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ (over the field $\mathbb{R}$). The set $\{1, \sqrt{2}\} \subseteq \mathbb{R}$ is linearly independent for the vector space $\mathbb{R}$ over $\mathbb{Q}$. Then, there must exist a linearly independent set $W \subseteq \mathbb{R}$ (over $\mathbb{Q}$) such that $\{1, \sqrt{2}\} \subseteq W \subseteq \text{span}(W) = \mathbb{R}$ (over $\mathbb{Q}$).  I have been told that the function defined as $T(1) = 1$ and $T(w) = 0$ for all $w \in \text{span}(W) \setminus \{1\}$ is additive but not linear, but I cannot see why this is? I can see why it is not linear, clearly $T(\sqrt{2} \cdot 1) = 0$ but $\sqrt{2} T(1) = \sqrt{2}$. But, why is $T$ additive? For example, $T(1+1) = T(2) =0$ but $T(1) + T(1) = 1+1 = 2$? Is there a mistake somewhere?