I've finished my work.   I finished my work.     When do I use one or the other?
Non-na­tive speak­ers of­ten get con­fused about what the var­i­ous tens­es  and as­pects mean in English. With in­put from some of the folk here I've put to­geth­er a di­a­gram that I hope will pro­vide some clar­i­ty on the mat­ter.  I of­fer it as the first an­swer to this ques­tion. Con­sid­er it a liv­ing doc­u­ment. In­put is wel­come, and good sug­ges­tions will be  in­cor­po­rat­ed in­to the di­a­gram.    No­ta bene: What this is not is a dis­cus­sion of whether there are  more than two tens­es in English. , to which this ques­tion is not in­tend­ed to sup­ply ar­gu­ments one way or the oth­er.  Here, the aim is to pro­vide an overview of what con­struc­tions English-speak­ing peo­ple use for con­vey­ing in­for­ma­tion about ac­tions re­fer­ring to past, present, and fu­ture, and to pro­vide it first and fore­most to pre­cise­ly the peo­ple who are like­ly to use "tense" as a catch-all term in their search, rather than to lin­guists who know bet­ter.  Break­ing News There is now an ex­cel­lent ELU blog ar­ti­cle ti­tled  . It is high­ly rec­om­mend­ed read­ing.
Weird http -> https redirection although not configured I am running Apache 2.2.15 (CentOS 6.6) with a HTTP-only domain   demo.xml-director.info  Using wget I can retrieve the content properly   wget -S http://demo.xml-director.info --2015-01-05 13:31:41--  http://demo.xml-director.info/ Resolving demo.xml-director.info (demo.xml-director.info)... 176.9.146.28 Connecting to demo.xml-director.info (demo.xml-director.info)|176.9.146.28|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response...    HTTP/1.1 200 OK   Date: Mon, 05 Jan 2015 12:31:41 GMT   Server: Zope/(2.13.22, python 2.7.6, linux2) ZServer/1.1   Content-Length: 20227   Expires: Sat, 01 Jan 2000 00:00:00 GMT   Content-Type: text/html;charset=utf-8   X-Ua-Compatible: IE=edge,chrome=1   Content-Language: en   Vary: Accept-Encoding   Keep-Alive: timeout=15, max=100   Connection: Keep-Alive Length: 20227 (20K) [text/html] Saving to: 'index.html.4'   However Chrome/Firefox always change the request from http to https because of HTST. However for this particular domain there is no HSTS configured.  The server runs SSL for www.xml-director.info with enabled HSTS support. However there is further alias here that would map demo.xml-director.info to www.xml-director.info.   How can this problem be resolved.  VHOst for www.xml-director.info:  &lt;VirtualHost *:443&gt;     ServerName www.xml-director.info     ServerAlias xml-director.info      SSLEngine on     SSLCertificateFile /etc/httpd/certs/15742445repl_2.crt     SSLCertificateCHainFile /etc/httpd/certs/15742445repl_2.ca-bundle     SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/httpd/certs/zopyx.com.key      CustomLog /var/log/httpd/xml-director.info.log combined     DocumentRoot /var/www/xml-director/landing-v1      Header always set Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=63072000; includeSubDomains"      &lt;location "/"&gt;         Options +Indexes         Header set Access-Control-Allow-Origin "*"         Header set Access-Control-Allow-Methods "GET,PUT,POST,DELETE"     Header set Access-Control-Allow-Headers "X-Requested-With,Content-Type"     &lt;/location&gt;  &lt;/VirtualHost&gt;  &lt;VirtualHost *:80&gt;     ServerAlias www.xml-director.com      ServerAlias www.xml-director.info     ServerAlias www.xml-director.de     ServerAlias xml-director.com     ServerAlias xml-director.info     ServerAlias xml-director.de      RedirectPermanent / https://xml-director.info/ &lt;/VirtualHost&gt;   and for demo.xml-director.info  &lt;VirtualHost *:80&gt;     ServerName  demo.xml-director.info     RewriteEngine On      RewriteRule ^/(.*) http://127.0.0.1:12020/VirtualHostBase/http/demo.xml-director.info:80/xml-director/VirtualHostRoot/$1 [L,P]     RewriteRule ^/$    http://127.0.0.1:12020/VirtualHostBase/http/demo.xml-director.info:80/xml-director/VirtualHostRoot/$1 [L,P]      CustomLog /var/log/httpd/demo.xml-director.info.log combined     AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html text/xml text/plain text/css text/javascript      CacheRoot /tmp/cache     CacheEnable disk /     CacheIgnoreCacheControl on      KeepAliveTimeout 15     KeepAlive on      ExpiresActive On     ExpiresByType image/gif "access plus 10 day"     ExpiresByType image/jpg "access plus 10 day"     ExpiresByType image/jpeg "access plus 10 day"     ExpiresByType image/png "access plus 10 day"     ExpiresByType text/javascript "access plus 10 day"     ExpiresByType text/html  "access plus 1 hour"     ExpiresByType text/html  "access plus 1 hour"     ExpiresByType text/css  "access plus 10 days"      &lt;Location "/"&gt;         Order allow,deny         Allow from all     &lt;/Location&gt;  &lt;/VirtualHost&gt; Thanks to the internet, graphic design and programming are becoming increasingly overlapping fields.   As a programmer, I constantly find myself needing basic knowledge of Graphic Design, but have trouble locating thorough yet concise graphic design learning resources, and instead usually find bits and pieces of knowledge applicable to the task at hand.  Can you guys offer some tips or recommend some good books, tutorials, blogs, and websites which provide a beginner level overview of web design that have been, in your experience, effective and high quality learning materials. I'm not looking for tips on how to use image editing tools, but assuming a basic grasp of those, which resources and advice will best help a new designer create professional looking designs? Help with proving that $\pi$ is irrational How to pass argument to script which is input to bash Why is apt-get always using proxy, although no proxy is configured? I was wondering why the software center doesn't download all the requested apps and install one by one as they finish to download. Or instead why the software center doesn't download an app while the other is installing What is the origin of Dol Goldur, and why did Sauron start there? Who built the fortress of Dol Goldur, and when was it built? And was it always a place for evil, or Sauron just occupied it?  Despite the fact that Mordor is much better fortified; artificially by the old fortifications,  and geographically, as it is surrounded by the mountains. Also considering the presence of mount doom that seem to enhance Sauron's power, Sauron chose to start his campaign from Dol Goldur, despite Mordor being ready for quite some time.  Why did he choose this enigmatic fortress, and not go straight for Mordor or even go earlier? How do I install ndiswrapper support for an unsupported RTL8723DE wireless module? Prove that negative absolute temperatures are actually hotter than positive absolute temperatures Could someone provide me with a mathematical proof of why, a system with an absolute  (such that of a spin system) is  than any system with a positive temperature (in the sense that if a negative-temperature system and a positive-temperature system come in contact, heat will flow from the negative- to the positive-temperature system). Has anyone used PostgreSQL with PostGIS successfully?   I am a semi-experienced ArcGIS user and want to build out a database and connect it to ArcCatalog.   I've scoured the internet for resources but nobody has really given a good walkthrough. Does a constantly accelerating charged particle emit EM radiation or not? A bob hanging in an accelerating train moves backward. What is the force moving it backward? When the train accelerates, the bob would also accelerate with the same magnitude and direction as the train. From the free body diagram, only tension and weight are exerted on the bob. I understand how to relate the "horizontal component" of the tension to the acceleration of the bob. It moves "backward" and in fact its vertical position is different from when the train is not accelerating.  I am not sure whether inertia could explain this situation. What is the force moving it backward/ lifting with the height? hostname returns another device's name I realized that the hostname had changed while I was doing some work using terminal in OS X Yosemite. I thought there might be an IP address conflict so I reset it. However I still get another device's name (someone else's iPhone, to be exact) when I use the hostname command:  Last login: Fri May  1 15:52:42 on ttys000 SomeonesiPhone:~ irem$  SomeonesiPhone:~ irem$ hostname SomeonesiPhone.wireless.duke.local   What's going on and how can I fix this?  It appears the IP address has not changed. But the address that I get by doing ipconfig getifaddr en0 is different from my public IP address.  I looked up my public IP address using Google, like this: How to graphical remote control an Ubuntu server? I've tried googling and .  I'm connecting my Windows 7 SP1 machine to an Amazon EC2 Ubuntu cloud server, Ubuntu 10.04 LTS. What I have done is   Enabling Remote Desktop in Ubuntu (, ) Connect to my server using 1)  and 2)  &ndash; I don't use  since it contains viruses.   But all of those result in Connection failed. I'm giving up!  More Detail Ubuntu server to remote to: Ubuntu 10.04 LTS (codename lucid)  My Windows: Windows 7 SP1 How to set the Identify Feature tool in QGIS 2.4? The Identify Results window does not appear when using the identify feature tool  in QGIS 2.4. I guess there's a check box somewhere I need to check/uncheck, but the settings of the tool changed compared to the previous version (see attached printscreen). How to apply multiple format to a list "Interested with the course" or "interested in the course"? Interested in/with the course   Which preposition is correct? in or with, or both. Full file date (without GNU utilities) I am trying to obtain the full date (created or modified) of a particular file for passing to another program. I have tried variations of options with the ls command but none provide a full date for files less than 6 months old and I have limit usage of the options. When I try certain options I have seen trying to research this I get the following message:  usage: ls [-1ACFHLNRabcdefgilmnopqrstuxEUX] [File...]   None of which seems to provide what I needs as far as I can tell so I tried to use the stat command but it is not available to me.  I am using the Korn shell on AIX 5.3 which has limited commands available, can anyone suggest another way that I might be able to obtain a file's created or modified date as a full date (either dd/mm/yyyy or yyyy/mm/dd). A required field that isn't really required? ...the email field in my clients data entry system is required but users of the system are allowed to enter na@na.com if the customer refuses or doesn't have an email address. Is this best practice? Have any suggestions or workarounds for their solution? How to show this function's discontinuity?  $ f(n) = \left\{     \begin{array}{l l}      \frac{xy}{x^2+y^2} &amp; \quad , \quad(x,y)\neq(0,0)\\      0 &amp; \quad , \quad(x,y)=(0,0)    \end{array} \right.$