I am quite well read, and I understand the philosophy papers I read quite well. But I am a very sloppy writer. Whatever I write comes back with commentaries degrading my papers. What should I do to fix this problem?  I am a junior college student  The other question does not correspond to the details of my question  Thanks in advance!
I might end up teaching philosophy in Finnish lukio/gymnasium. I will not get an opportunity to practice teaching it - I do get to practice teaching mathematics a fair deal, though. (The situation is somewhat unfortunate.) I have taken subject studies in philosophy at university. They amount to around 60 credits (ECTS).  Suppose I give the students an exam, which asks them to write an essay or two. After that my task is to grade the exams in a fair way and comment them in such a way that the students can learn from the feedback.  -  Suppose the task was to write an essay on the problem of universals - nominalism and realism, say. Let us say 6 points is the perfect score for this task.  I would expect the students to define nominalism and realism (2 points, maybe?) and explain the problem (2 points). Remaining two points for taking some stance and arguing for it - realism is more reasonable because so and so. Partial credits for demonstrating only partial understanding.  -  Am I missing some important aspects of philosophical thinking? Should I emphasize the different parts of an answer in a different way? I suspect my perspective is influenced by fairly extensive mathematics education - is there something particular I should watch out for?
I use (and have it much bigger) drive D: to store all my user data and games, but I have installed the Steam client on drive C:. When I was installing a first game (Warhammer 40000), I've chosen to place my library folder on drive D: and the game went there.  But now as I've got installed the second game (Portal), I can see that it was put on drive C: despite to the choice I've done previously. When I open Steam - Settings - Downloads + Cloud - Steam library folders, I can see both installation places in the list. Can I merge them into one?  I would even agree to use the default drive C: library (as I've replaced it with a symlink already). When I press to remove one library it says it can only remove empty ones. This might be a stupid question, but why exactly is work a path function?  In school, my teacher said it’s because it depends on the path. She gave an example of walking up a mountain, and said the work you expend depends on the path you take (straight path up or circling up around the mountain). But isn’t the work expended just equal to $E= mgh?$ Here is my attempt to prove the Well-Ordering Principle, i.e. that any non-empty subset of $\Bbb N$, the set of natural numbers, has a minimum element.  Proof. Suppose there exists a non-empty subset $S$ of $\Bbb N$ such that $S$ has NO minimum element. Define $A = \left\{n\in \Bbb N : (\forall s\in S)(n \leq s)\right\}$. It is obvious that $1\in A$. Suppose $n\in A$, then for each $s \in S$, there exists $q \in N$ such that $n + q = s$. Since $q \ge 1$, $n+1 \leq s$, for all $s\in S$. By Principle of mathematical induction, $A = \Bbb N$. Take any $s_0 ∈ S$, then $(\forall s\in S)(s_0 \leq s)$. (This contradicts that $S$ has no minimum element).  How do I prove the statement without invoking Mathematical Induction? Also, I read that the proof of Principle of Mathematical Induction makes use of Well-Ordering. Can it be proven independently of Well-Ordering too? I use LINQ to Objects instructions on an ordered array.  Which operations shouldn't I do to be sure the order of the array is not changed? “situation where” vs. “situation in which” In my mother tongue I can use the word where not only to describe something connected to a location, but also to substitute in which.   My question is: Is it correct to use where in a sentence like this?       Describe a situation where you had to show leadership.   Or it would be better to use in which instead? How do I address unchecked cast warnings? Eclipse is giving me a warning of the following form:     Type safety: Unchecked cast from Object to HashMap   This is from a call to an API that I have no control over which returns Object:  HashMap&lt;String, String&gt; getItems(javax.servlet.http.HttpSession session) {   HashMap&lt;String, String&gt; theHash = (HashMap&lt;String, String&gt;)session.getAttribute("attributeKey");   return theHash; }   I'd like to avoid Eclipse warnings, if possible, since theoretically they indicate at least a potential code problem.  I haven't found a good way to eliminate this one yet, though.  I can extract the single line involved out to a method by itself and add @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") to that method, thus limiting the impact of having a block of code where I ignore warnings.  Any better options?  I don't want to turn these warnings off in Eclipse.  Before I came to the code, it was simpler, but still provoked warnings:  HashMap getItems(javax.servlet.http.HttpSession session) {   HashMap theHash = (HashMap)session.getAttribute("attributeKey");   return theHash; }   Problem was elsewhere when you tried to use the hash you'd get warnings:  HashMap items = getItems(session); items.put("this", "that");  Type safety: The method put(Object, Object) belongs to the raw type HashMap.  References to generic type HashMap&lt;K,V&gt; should be parameterized. Changing timezone in PHP Alright, quick question.  A server is running in Eastern Time. PHP program needs to make date calculations using Central time.  At the moment, I am putting this line at the very top of my script:  putenv("TZ=US/Central");   Is that the best way to go about that or is there some PHP trick I'm not aware of?  Cheers. What are the norms in Ito isometry? Itō isometry from :     Let $W : [0, T] \times \Omega \to \mathbb{R}$ denote the canonical   real-valued Wiener process defined up to time $T &gt; 0$, and let $X :  [0, T] \times \Omega \to \mathbb{R}$ be a stochastic process that is   adapted to the natural filtration $\mathcal{F}_{*}^{W}$ of the Wiener   process. Then $$      \mathbb{E} \left[ \left( \int_{0}^{T} X_{t} \, \mathrm{d} W_{t} \right)^{2} \right] = \mathbb{E} \left[ \int_{0}^{T} X_{t}^{2} \,  \mathrm{d} t \right], $$ where $\mathbb{E}$ denotes expectation with   respect to  $\gamma$. In other words, the Itō   stochastic integral, as a function, is an isometry of normed vector   spaces with respect to the norms induced by the inner products $$      ( X, Y )_{L^{2} (W)} := \mathbb{E} \left( \int_{0}^{T} X_{t} \, \mathrm{d} W_{t} \int_{0}^{T} Y_{t} \, \mathrm{d} W_{t} \right) =  \int_{\Omega} \left( \int_{0}^{T} X_{t} \, \mathrm{d} W_{t}  \int_{0}^{T} Y_{t} \, \mathrm{d} W_{t} \right) \, \mathrm{d} \gamma  (\omega) $$ and $$      ( A, B )_{L^{2} (\Omega)} := \mathbb{E} ( A B ) = \int_{\Omega} A(\omega) B(\omega) \, \mathrm{d} \gamma (\omega). $$   I was wondering what the two normed spaces are and what their norms are, so that the two normed spaces are isometric wrt their norms?  Thanks and regards! Why didn't Skynet kill Kyle Reese? I keep getting asked to do wedding photography - what is a fair price to ask? This may sound like a silly post...but, I need some "outside" opinion from people who know what they are doing.  I took up amateur photography as a hobby a couple of years ago...most of it being portrait photography of my children.  As I have posted my pictures on facebook, a plethora of people have loved my "work" and have been contacting me about my "photography" business.  I have been very up-front and honest with every one of them about only being an amateur, and never professionally trained.  That being said, people still hound me to take their pictures.  I am comfortable with my ability to take portrait style pictures....and I have even started charging $60 for a two hour shoot with the rights to the cd of prints.  I do not do my own printing.    Now, I have done three weddings for family members just over this last summer....and only as a wedding gift to them (in other words, I have not charged.)  But now, I am having others, who are not family members, wanting to "hire" me for their weddings.  Again....I have tried to tell them I don't do professional photography, only to be met with all of them still wanting to hire me.    My question is...what is a fair price to ask of these people?  They obviously still want me to work for them, knowing that I have no credentials.....but I have no idea how or what to charge for.  Can anyone give me some ideas? Visual Studio Editor does not underline errors anymore My Visual Studio (2008) Editor has stopped to underline Errors (this nifty wavy red lines). I can't really tell when, but it can be related to the installation of .Net Framework 3.5 SP 1 or the MVC Beta (which I guess is unlikely). Furthermore have I installed and uninstalled both CodeRush and Resharper for evaluation purposes (decided not to keep either one of them).  Does anyone know the problem and how to restore this functionality again? Is it consistent with ZF for there to exist a set $S$ such that the power set $P(S)$ is countable? If so, what is the weakest form of the axiom of choice needed to prove that no such set exists? Given the following sentences:        I have even started using them in normal writing.   People can understand your writing better.      Are using and writing gerunds, verbs, or some other part of speech?  Context:  I am prefixing the words in some phrases with abbreviations. Some of the words are giving me trouble in classification. (The message is supposed to be an implicit proof of why adding prefixes to table names in a database is terrible. But I'd like to get it right.)  Here's the full set of sentences for your amusement. However, please restrict your comments to the stated question, for the most part.        com-Don't ver-Listen prep-To adj-Those adj-Other nou-People.    pro-You aux-Should adv-Always ver-Use nou-Prefixes prep-With pro-Your adj-Table nou-Names.    pro-I aux-Have adv-Even ver-Started ver-Using pro-Them prep-In adj-Normal nou-Writing.   com-See adv-How adj-Effective pr-It ver-Is?    nou-People aux-Can ver-Understand pro-Your nou-Writing adv-Better!      (where com means command verb)  This question is part of 3 related questions:     This question   It originally came from 'took several years to be built' or 'took several years to build' – which one is correct? Which one of these sentences is correct?  The palace took several years to build.  or  The palace took several years to be built.  I heard the first one while I was watching Discovery Channel and I think it is not correct because the palace did not build on its own – someone had to build it. So the passive form seems the correct sentence. Ubuntu 16.10 Wifi Trouble - RT2561/RT61 I've used Ubuntu before, but I'm still very new. I just installed 16.10 on a new computer yesterday, and the Wi-Fi has been considerably slower than my Windows laptop. I put the computer together mainly to play Dota 2, and I experience decent ping but constant 5%-10% packet loss while playing. Occasionally, after the computer has been left on for a while, the Wi-Fi connection will drop completely- I can still see networks in the drop down menu, including my home network, but my computer will not reconnect without a reboot. I've looked all over for a solution, but my inexperience has prevented me from getting anything to work. My Wi-Fi card is a Ralink RT2561/RT61, here's some info  The output of sudo lshw -C network   *-network                          description: Wireless interface         product: RT2561/RT61 802.11g PCI         vendor: Ralink corp.         physical id: 6         bus info: pci@0000:01:06.0         logical name: wlp1s6         version: 00         serial: 00:0e:2e:de:df:c0         width: 32 bits         clock: 33MHz         capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless         configuration: broadcast=yes driver=rt61pci driverversion=4.8.0-22-generic firmware=0.8 ip=192.168.1.107  latency=64 link=yes multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11         resources: irq:17 memory:dfef8000-dfefffff   Here is the output of sudo iwconfig:   *-network                          description: Wireless interface         product: RT2561/RT61 802.11g PCI         vendor: Ralink corp.         physical id: 6         bus info: pci@0000:01:06.0         logical name: wlp1s6         version: 00         serial: 00:0e:2e:de:df:c0         width: 32 bits         clock: 33MHz         capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless         configuration: broadcast=yes driver=rt61pci driverversion=4.8.0-22-generic firmware=0.8 ip=192.168.1.107  latency=64 link=yes multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11         resources: irq:17 memory:dfef8000-dfefffff   I'm at a loss, I'm very bad at this. If any additional info is needed I can provide it How can I visualize or simulate the effect of different focal lengths? I have seen many camera review sites illustrate the effect of using different focal lengths on the same photograph using frames. There are also similar illustrations to compare different sensors (). I find this kind of visualization to be very useful in comparing the actual effect of the longer focal length\different sensor size. Of course the ability to do a wider focal length visualization would also be equally useful, but that's not possible.  Is there any ready-made software or plugin that enables this? If not, is there any simple technique to visualize the effect of longer focal lengths on an image (one would of course have to use the zoom information in the image EXIF data to accurately represent this)? All I can think of is to use some trigonometry to do the necessary calculations for the frame sizes for cropping. I have a header file  x.h which is included by more than one *.c source files. This header file has some structure variables defined.  I have put multiple inclusion prevention guard at the beginning of the header file as:  #ifndef X_H #define X_H ... .. //header file declarations and definitons.   #endif//X_H   On building I get linker errors related to multiple definitions. I understand the problem.   Won't a multiple inclusion prevention guard at the top of header file as I have, prevent multiple inclusions of the header file x.h and thereby avoid multiple definitions of the variables that are there in x.h? #pragma once does not work on this particular compiler, so what is the solution?  Someone had posted  answer to a similar question. It doesn't seem to work for me. How does this solution work? I want to write several classes, most of them will use KOMA classes as base class.  However I stumbled upon the problem that some options (mainly concerned with layout) are not processed if given in the wrapper class:    \begin{filecontents}{test.cls}     \ProvidesClass{test}[2015/01/01]     \DeclareOption*{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{scrartcl}}     \ProcessOptions\relax     \LoadClass[paper=a5]{scrartcl}   \end{filecontents}  \documentclass{test}  \usepackage{blindtext}  \begin{document}   \section{Test}   \blindtext \end{document}   This results in   LaTeX Warning: Unused global option(s):     [paper=a5]  If i give the option as \documentclass[paper=a5]{test} it is used correctly, because I pass the options to scrartcl. However I want to change the defaults for the layout.   How can I achieve this? I think the title is pretty self explanatory.   The question is how can I create an alias in a Windows cmd that will also work after I close and then reopen it. For example I would like an alias called ip to call the command ipconfig or an alias ls -l to call Dir.  My operating system is Windows 10, in case that makes a difference. $(a_n+a_{n+1})$ is convergent implies $(a_n/n)$ converges to $0$ Let $(a_n)$ be a sequence such that $(a_n+a_{n+1})$ is convergent. Prove that $(a_n/n)$ converges to $0$.   $(a_n+a_{n+1})$ convergent to $L$ means that for all $\epsilon$, there exists $N$ such that for all $n\geq N$, $|L-a_n-a_{n+1}|&lt;\epsilon$, or in other words $L-\epsilon&lt;a_n+a_{n+1}&lt;L+\epsilon$. How to proceed from here?