I imaged an HP Envy laptop that has an M.2 Solid State drive. When I view the image file in FTK I can see 5 partitions including the Windows partition.   I would like a virtual instance of this physical machine and have tried two different ways, one with VMWare and the other with Virtual Box.  For VMWare, I mounted the image file as a physical drive, then created a Virtual Machine and selected to use the physical drive as the VMs hard drive. When it booted it said no operating system detected.  I then took the raw image and used VBoxManager convertfromraw command to turn it into a .vmdk file. Again when I boot it up in VirtualBox no operating system can be found again.  I believe it has to do with EFI, but I am not sure.
Using Virtual Box, how can I install an OS to a secondary, physical disk, and boot it in both (at separate times) Virtual Box, and as a typical secondary OS install?
Hello,  I'm getting this error every time when I boot my computer. My Ubuntu installation is fresh and I was got a few error on last step while install Ubuntu (because i have problem with my CDROM driver). Anyway, installation is continued .   For example when i tried to open ADDITIONAL DRIVER and LANGUAGE SUPPORT (on System Settings) nothing happened, it's not opening.  When i try this in terminal gnome-language-selector i'm getting this error  Traceback (most recent call last):   File "/usr/bin/gnome-language-selector", line 8, in &lt;module&gt;     from LanguageSelector.gtk.GtkLanguageSelector import GtkLanguageSelector   File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/LanguageSelector/gtk/GtkLanguageSelector.py", line 34, in &lt;module&gt;     from aptdaemon.gtk3widgets import AptProgressDialog   File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/aptdaemon/gtk3widgets.py", line 61, in &lt;module&gt;     class AptStatusIcon(Gtk.Image):   File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/aptdaemon/gtk3widgets.py", line 66, in AptStatusIcon     def __init__(self, transaction=None, size=Gtk.IconSize.DIALOG): AttributeError: type object 'GtkIconSize' has no attribute 'DIALOG'   Also getting this error for jockey-gtk  Traceback (most recent call last):   File "/usr/bin/jockey-gtk", line 418, in &lt;module&gt;     sys.exit(u.run())   File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/jockey/ui.py", line 461, in run     self.ui_show_main()   File "/usr/bin/jockey-gtk", line 81, in ui_show_main     col_icon.set_sizing(Gtk.TreeViewColumnSizing.AUTOSIZE) AttributeError: type object 'GtkTreeViewColumnSizing' has no attribute 'AUTOSIZE'   I'm worrying about are there any lack . I don't know what's wrong with my installation.  Are there any way, check my installation (packages, files etc..) . The add comment link and comment box overlaps bounty box Did English ever have a word for 'yes' for negative questions? The Germans have doch and the French have si as a word that means "yes" in response to a negative question, such as:     Don't you want some ice-cream?   Yes [I do]!   In English, we only have yes (as far as I know) and further clarification is required in order to be unambiguous.  Did we ever have such a word in English and, if so, what happened to it? If not, given the French and Germanic influences on English, any idea why not? Let $A \in \mathbb{R}^{p \times p}$ and $B \in \mathbb{R}^{q \times q}$ be nonsymmetric positive definite matrices in the sense that $v^T A v &gt; 0, \forall v \in \mathbb{R}^p$ and $v^T B v &gt; 0, \forall v \in \mathbb{R}^q$.  I know that $A \oplus B$, i.e. a matrix with a block structure \begin{align} \pmatrix{A &amp; 0 \\          0 &amp; B} \end{align} is positive definite and I also know that if $p=q$, then $A+B$ is positive definite as well.  Can I say that as well if the blocks overlap partially? When?   For instance a matrix as follows: \begin{align} \pmatrix{a_{11} &amp; a_{12} &amp; a_{13} &amp; a_{14} &amp; 0&amp; 0\\          a_{21} &amp; a_{22} &amp; a_{23} &amp; a_{24}&amp; 0&amp; 0\\          a_{31} &amp; a_{32} &amp; a_{33} + b_{11} &amp; a_{34} + b_{12} &amp;b_{13}&amp;b_{14}\\          a_{41} &amp; a_{42} &amp; a_{43} + b_{21} &amp; a_{44} + b_{22} &amp;b_{23}&amp;b_{24}\\          0 &amp; 0 &amp; b_{31} &amp; b_{32} &amp;b_{33}&amp;b_{34} \\          0 &amp; 0 &amp; b_{41} &amp; b_{42} &amp;b_{43}&amp;b_{44}} \end{align} Should I buy a Canon 55-250mm lens or 70-300mm for my Rebel T3i? I have the basic 18-55mm lens that came with my camera but I need a next step up that's not too expensive.   What are the most common types of photos shot with either lenses? Or what is each lens best for? Arrangements of MISSISSIPPI with all S's and P's separated If the all S,P are separated in the word MISSISSIPPI then the total possible arrangements are $k\frac {10!}{4!.4!} $ then value of k is? Now all S,P are separated so we can have slash method. Thus they can be placed alternatively in $6! $ ways and rest 5 can be placed in $5! $ ways. Thus we equate to get $$6!.5!=k\frac {10!}{4!.4!} $$  to get $k=13.7$ while $k=4/3$ .Where is my mistake Thanks Bounty-like facility for rewarding excellent questions Amongst the reasons for starting a bounty, one can select:     Reward existing answer      One or more of the answers is exemplary and worthy of an additional bounty.   Why not enable one to reward excellent questions in a similar manner? How to get a list of applications installed in Ubuntu dash? In Gnome, we have applications grouped up based on their type (like - games, accessories, et al). But in Unity, we need to manually type in the Unity to get the App.  Is there any keyword/utility to display the applications in GUI?  Ubuntu Version : 14.04 Hardware : Dell Inspiron 3437 Opt in "mentor" privilege at 7.5k I am suggesting a Mentor privilege at 7.5k. It would be on a per-user per-site opt in basis.  At some reputation level (perhaps 7.5k) there could be an opt in "mentor" privilege.  If someone opts in then when a new user signs up, they become their Mentor. The new user is the Mentee.  They will get notified of any posts or suggested edits they make, and can help and support them.  While this would by no means help everyone (I'm sure there are more new people signing up than there are 7.5k people willing to help them), it could help mitigate the "new user's bad posts" and such like.  By no means would being someone's mentor mean you are the only person who can edit and help them, and you aren't obliged to do so - but if you have opted in then you should help.  How would this work?   Any Mentor would have no more than 5 active Mentees at once. Once the Mentee gets to 125 rep, the downvote privilege (or any other level deemed sensible) they are no longer a Mentee. If they aren't active for a month, they are no longer a Mentee. If the Mentor has 5 Mentees (i.e. cannot mentor anyone else) then any Mentee not active for 2 weeks is no longer a Mentee. The Mentee can opt out at any time, the Mentor can opt out, but if they opt out a lot (say 5 people in 2 months) they are blocked from the privilege for 2 weeks. The Mentor gets no extra rep. They can still get rep from answering their Mentee's questions and similar. Once the new user gets 20 rep on the site, a chat room is created for them to talk. No user with the association bonus will become a Mentee. This would (maybe) be opt in for sites. For example, this might not be at all useful for this site, or for , but on  or  I imagine this could be quite good.    appears to be asking the same thing, based on the title, but that is asking about people who know each other offline mentoring each other.    Every single one of these suggestions (especially the numbers) is open to discussion. Maybe 125 is to low to stop being mentored, or maybe it's too high. What do you think? Let $G$, $H$, and $K$ be abelian groups. Assume $G \oplus H \cong G \oplus K$. If each are finitely generated, then the structure theorem easily gives us that $H \cong K$. However, there are counterexamples in the general case, namely $H=\mathbb{Z}$, $K=\mathbb{Z} \oplus \mathbb{Z}$, and $G=\bigoplus_{i=1}^\infty\mathbb{Z}$.   I am wondering what goes wrong with the following argument:   Form the split short exact sequence  $$0 \to G \xrightarrow{i} G \oplus H \xrightarrow{\pi} H \to 0$$  where $i$ and $\pi$ are the inclusion and projection, respectively. Then don't we immediately get from the first isomorphism theorem that $H \cong (G \oplus H)/G$, which would contradict the counterexample above?   If we run this for the counterexample given, we get the sequence   $$0 \to \bigoplus_{i=1}^\infty\mathbb{Z} \to \bigoplus_{i=1}^\infty\mathbb{Z} \to \mathbb{Z} \to 0$$  which seems to still be short exact, even though here $G \cong G \oplus H$. But of course here we can see directly that $(G \oplus H)/G \cong G/G$, which is trivial. So what went wrong?   It seems to me to be something along these lines: In this case, the kernel of the projection is not the same as the original group, it is just, say, $0 \oplus \mathbb{Z} \oplus \mathbb{Z} \oplus \dots$, i.e. nontrivial from the second coordinate on, which just happens to be isomorphic to the original group. So if we form the other short exact sequence with $K$ in place of $H$, then the difference seems to be that we have two different projection maps with different (but isomorphic) kernels.   But I'm not really sure how to explain this in the general case, if my reasoning is correct to begin with.   Thanks in advance for any help! How to add desktop shortcut for URL, ignoring web app manifest? Goal:  Have a desktop shortcut that opens  , ignoring the contained web app manifest that otherwise "overrides" the saved shortcut to  and with "display": "standalone".  I had this working previously on an older Android phone before a replacement / upgrade.  Prior to the upgrade, I was able to long-press and open individual articles in new tabs - as well as copy link shortcuts to specific articles, as well as all of the other features and functionality that Chrome has to offer.  Here is just a partial selection of references of other users complaining about the same:       Using  provides a temporary successful work-around.  However, I can't find a successful way to add a link for this to my home screen.  The "Add to Home screen" option within Chrome instead saves a link to  - and in such a way that it opens as a web application instead of a web page within Chrome:       On a desktop operating system, this would be a non-issue.  (Create shortcut, enter desired URL, done.)  Attempt 1: Provide my own Manifest  So I created my own manifest - editing  to change the start_url attribute to https://news.google.com/news/i#0, and the display attribute from standalone to browser.  I then created my own HTML page that simply contained the below - then self-hosted both on a local web server:  &lt;html&gt;         &lt;head&gt;                 &lt;Title&gt;Google News&lt;/Title&gt;                 &lt;link rel="manifest" href="/news/manifest.json"/&gt;         &lt;/head&gt;         &lt;body&gt;                 Test         &lt;/body&gt; &lt;/html&gt;   However, this doesn't work:  Despite the shortcut being saved with the desired name and icon, it links back to my self-hosted HTML page, and not the indicated start_url.  Unfortunately, it appears that cross-domain URLs are not allowed per the manifest intent - as per  and  .  Attempt 1b: MITM website  Within the confines of my own local network, I figured I could try to  (MITM) the website to temporarily provide a desired manfiest to use for addition to the home screen.  Unfortunately, the website uses  here, which appropriately blocks the attempt.  Regardless - this is way too much work for what should be a simple effort.  Attempt 2: Widget Bookmark  Unfortunately, it looks like the 1x1 bookmark widget was removed in Chrome 48, as per  .  The suggested work-around is to use the "Add to Home screen" feature within Chrome.  Goto 10 / see beginning.  Attempt 3: Use the default-provided "Internet" browser  Unfortunately, using "Add shortcut on Home screen" in the default-provided "Internet" browser produces the same result as Chrome.  Consideration 4: Use a custom app / widget  Could probably write and install a custom application or widget that could be added to the home screen to meet the goal.  Or don't re-invent the wheel, and use an existing one.  Some possibilities:   "More Shortcuts":  "Shortcut Customizer":    Conclusion  How can someone create a desktop shortcut to an arbitrary URL, ignoring a provided web app manifest? Create Java console inside a GUI panel How can I create an instance of the Java console inside of a GUI panel? When clicking &quot;edit&quot; I see:  Your edit will be placed in a queue until it is peer reviewed. We welcome edits that make the post easier to understand and more valuable for readers. Because community members review edits, please try to make the post substantially better than how you found it, for example, by fixing grammar or adding additional resources and hyperlinks.  Like:     Likewise, when I am not logged in, clicking &quot;improve this question&quot; or &quot;improve this answer&quot; shows:  You are not . Your edit will be placed in a queue until it is .  And when I click 'Save', I get:  Thanks for submitting an edit. It is only visible to you until it's been approved by trusted community members  Like:     Who can suggest an edit? Where do suggested edits go? Who can vote on a suggested edit? How do suggested edits get reviewed? Can I earn reputation? What about abuse or bad edits? Sometimes the Community user approves or rejects my edit. Why is that? When can I not suggest an edit? Is there a minimum change requirement for a suggested edit? How do I check my suggested edit history? I disagree with the reasons why my suggested edit was rejected. What can I do? How do I know whether there are edits waiting for review? Someone suggested an edit to my own post, and the reviewers took the wrong action. What can I do? Are tag wikis included in this scheme? What do the &quot;Improve Edit&quot; and &quot;Reject and Edit&quot; buttons do? Why are apparently valid links to rejected edits resulting in 404 errors?   For more information about editing, see &quot;&quot; in the . How can I use an array modifier to create individually manipulatable objects? I am trying to run a simple echo script via crontab. I set that to run every minute, but it doesn't give output on shell screen. However, it runs fine when I run the script independently.   Script  #!/bin/bash echo "Test Script"   Crontab entry:  root@example-server ~]# cat /etc/crontab SHELL=/bin/bash PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin MAILTO=root HOME=/     # For details see man 4 crontabs  # Example of job definition: # .---------------- minute (0 - 59) # |  .------------- hour (0 - 23) # |  |  .---------- day of month (1 - 31) # |  |  |  .------- month (1 - 12) OR jan,feb,mar,apr ... # |  |  |  |  .---- day of week (0 - 6) (Sunday=0 or 7) OR sun,mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat # |  |  |  |  | # *  *  *  *  * user-name command to be executed   *  *  *  *  * root /root/test.sh I was just wondering why Fresnel Lenses are not widely used in the production of solar electricity. Their use there would mean that you could produce heat within a fraction of a second, up to a few minutes and run a turbine to produce electricity.  Though it is used in welding, I am not sure what are the problems in producing electricity, as stated by :     New applications have appeared in solar energy, where Fresnel lenses can concentrate sunlight (with a ratio of almost 500:1) onto solar cells. Derivation of the formula for Ordinary Least Squares Linear Regression How to set static IP address? I have configured network adapter of guest Ubuntu to work in a bridged mode so I could ssh to it from the host machine.   The problem is that the guest Ubuntu ip address keep changing.   Even though it changes  within a very short range 192.168.0.4-10 it is still takes time to configure Putty and other programs each time.  Is there a way to make the guest Ubuntu ip address to be static?  My guest OS has the full GUI. If $l$ and $n$ are any positive integers, is there a  proof of the identity     $$\sum_{k=0}^{n}(-1)^{k}\binom{n}{k}(l-k)^n=n!\;$$   which uses the Inclusion-Exclusion Principle?  (If necessary, restrict to the case where $l\ge n$.)    This question is closely related to   and also I needed some simple string encryption, so I wrote the following code (with a great deal of "inspiration" from ):      // create and initialize a crypto algorithm     private static SymmetricAlgorithm getAlgorithm(string password) {         SymmetricAlgorithm algorithm = Rijndael.Create();         Rfc2898DeriveBytes rdb = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(             password, new byte[] {             0x53,0x6f,0x64,0x69,0x75,0x6d,0x20,             // salty goodness             0x43,0x68,0x6c,0x6f,0x72,0x69,0x64,0x65         }         );         algorithm.Padding = PaddingMode.ISO10126;         algorithm.Key = rdb.GetBytes(32);         algorithm.IV = rdb.GetBytes(16);         return algorithm;     }      /*       * encryptString      * provides simple encryption of a string, with a given password      */     public static string encryptString(string clearText, string password) {         SymmetricAlgorithm algorithm = getAlgorithm(password);         byte[] clearBytes = System.Text.Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(clearText);         MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();         CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(ms, algorithm.CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write);         cs.Write(clearBytes, 0, clearBytes.Length);         cs.Close();         return Convert.ToBase64String(ms.ToArray());     }      /*      * decryptString      * provides simple decryption of a string, with a given password      */     public static string decryptString(string cipherText, string password) {         SymmetricAlgorithm algorithm = getAlgorithm(password);         byte[] cipherBytes = Convert.FromBase64String(cipherText);         MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();         CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(ms, algorithm.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write);         cs.Write(cipherBytes, 0, cipherBytes.Length);         cs.Close();                     return System.Text.Encoding.Unicode.GetString(ms.ToArray());     }   The code appears to work fine, except that when decrypting data with an incorrect key, I get a CryptographicException - "Padding is invalid and cannot be removed" - on the cs.Close() line in decryptString.   example code:      string password1 = "password";     string password2 = "letmein";     string startClearText = "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog";     string cipherText = encryptString(startClearText, password1);     string endClearText = decryptString(cipherText, password2);     // exception thrown   My question is, is this to be expected? I would have thought that decrypting with the wrong password would just result in nonsense output, rather than an exception.