I currently have my blog set up with shared hosting(godaddy). After recent growth on traffic, I feel like, its time to get serious by hosting it to a better place, I am thinking about cloud obviously.  However, in amazon/digitalocean etc, I have to select the region where I want to host the site. As part of shared hosting it was hosted in US region, I guess. But as my site's traffic mostly based on Asia, I am thinking to choose a nearby location now, say, Singapore.   Though I know, its probably make sense to do so. But at the same time, I also don't want my North american visitors suffers, rather I want to grow more visitors in this area(I myself currently reside in Canada).  Just wondering if the decision moving the server to singapore region can be very bad for north american visitors or it will be kind of OK for now? Should I stick to a US based server for any reason? For User Experience/SEO perspective?
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Why is the potential energy equal to the negative integral of a force? Proper Installation of Kali linux tools in Ubuntu I want to calculate $$ \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{\arctan{2t}}{e^{2\pi t}+1} \, {\rm d}t $$ and am wondering if there at all is an analytical expression for the result. I haven't tried much so far, but expressing the denominator as the geometric series and then substituting $z=2\pi t (n+1)$. Equivalently I get $$ \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{{\rm si}\left(\pi(n+1)\right)}{2\pi (n+1)} $$ where $$ {\rm si}(x) = -\int_{x}^{\infty} \frac{\sin(t)}{t} \, {\rm d}t $$ is the shifted ${\rm Si}(x)$ function. The value is approximately $0.03618247146$, in fact I know from comparison with something else that it is exactly $\frac{\ln \pi -1}{4}$, but there should be some (direct) derivation, or?  Thanks for your input if you have any.  Edit: I tried to follow your instructions, but am now stuck. So I wrote $$ {\cal L}^{-1} \left(\frac{\psi(t)-\psi(1)}{t-1}\right)(s) =\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{e^{-sn}}{n+1} = e^s \int_s^\infty \frac{{\rm d}x}{e^{x}-1} $$ and taking the Laplace-transform \begin{align} \psi(t) &amp;= \psi(1) + (t-1)\int_0^\infty {\rm d}s \, e^{-s(t-1)} \int_s^\infty \frac{{\rm d}x}{e^{x}-1} \\ &amp;= \psi(1) + (t-1) \int_0^\infty {\rm d}x \int_{0}^{x} {\rm d}s \, \frac{e^{-s(t-1)}}{e^{x}-1} \\ &amp;= \psi(1) + \int_{0}^{\infty} {\rm d}x \, \frac{1-e^{-x(t-1)}}{e^x-1} \tag{1} \\ &amp;= -\frac{1}{t} + \psi(1) + \int_0^\infty {\rm d}x \, \frac{1-e^{-tx}}{e^x-1} \tag{2} \\ &amp;= \dots \\ &amp;=-\sum_{k=0}^{n} \frac{1}{t+k} + \psi(1) + \int_0^\infty {\rm d}x \, \frac{1-e^{-(t+n)x}}{e^x-1} \\ &amp;\stackrel{(\rm{2})}{=} -\frac{1}{2t} + \ln(t) - \int_0^\infty {\rm d}x \, \left\{ \frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{e^x-1}\right\} e^{-tx} \tag{Binet 1} \end{align} where $\psi(1)=-\gamma$.  Now we integrate over $t$ from $1$ to $y$ yielding $$ \ln \Gamma(y) \stackrel{({\rm 1})}{=} \psi(1)\,(y-1) + \int_0^\infty {\rm d}x \, \frac{y-1+\frac{e^{-x(y-1)}-1}{x}}{e^x-1} $$ but what now? Substitute? The interval [0,1] andd [3,5] are equivalent. Is my proof correct? Classifying whether a collection of objects is a set I need to knock out a quick animation in C#/Windows Forms for a Halloween display.  Just some 2D shapes moving about on a solid background.  Since this is just a quick one-off project I really don't want to install and learn an entire new set of tools for this.  (DirectX dev kits, Silverlight, Flash, etc..)  I also have to install this on multiple computers so anything beyond the basic .Net framework (2.0) would be a pain in the arse.  For tools I've got VS2k8, 25 years of development experience, a wheelbarrow, holocaust cloak, and about 2 days to knock this out.  I haven't done animation since using assembler on my Atari 130XE (hooray for page flipping and player/missile graphics!)  Advice?  Here's some of the things I'd like to know:   I can draw on any empty widget (like a panel) by fiddling with it's OnPaint handler, right?  That's how I'd draw a custom widget.  Is there a better technique than this? Is there a page-flipping technique for this kind of thing in Windows Forms?  I'm not looking for a high frame rate, just as little flicker/drawing as necessary.   Thanks.  Post Mortem Edit ... "a couple of coding days later"  Well, the project is done.  The links below came in handy although a couple of them were 404.  (I wish SO would allow more than one reply to be marked "correct").  The biggest problem I had to overcome was flickering, and a persistent bug when I tried to draw on the form directly.   Using the OnPaint event for the Form: bad idea.  I never got that to work; lots of mysterious errors (stack overflows, or ArgumentNullExceptions).  I wound up using a panel sized to fill the form and that worked fine. Using the OnPaint method is slow anyway.  Somewhere online I read that building the PaintEventArgs was slow, and they weren't kidding.  Lots of flickering went away when I abandoned this.  Skip the OnPaint/Invalidate() and just paint it yourself.  Setting all of the "double buffering" options on the form still left some flicker that had to be fixed.  (And I found conflicting docs that said "set them on the control" and "set them on the form".  Well controls don't have a .SetStyle() method.)  I haven't tested without them, so they might be doing something (this is the form):      this.SetStyle(ControlStyles.UserPaint, true);     this.SetStyle(ControlStyles.OptimizedDoubleBuffer, true);     this.SetStyle(ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint, true);    So the workhorse of the code wound up looking like (pf is the panel control):      void PaintPlayField()     {         Bitmap bufl = new Bitmap(pf.Width, pf.Height);         using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bufl))         {             g.FillRectangle(Brushes.Black, new Rectangle(0, 0, pf.Width, pf.Height));             DrawItems(g);             DrawMoreItems(g);             pf.CreateGraphics().DrawImageUnscaled(bufl, 0, 0);         }     }   And I just called PaintPlayField from the inside of my Timer loop.  No flicker at all. Convert string to Title Case with JavaScript Is there a simple way to convert a string to Title Case? E.g. john smith becomes John Smith. I'm not looking for something complicated like , just (hopefully) some kind of one- or two-liner. Multiple simultaneous downloads using Wget? Creating checkbox parameter in Python script tool for ArcGIS Desktop? I am working on creating an ArcGIS tool from a Python script I am writing.  I am wondering if it is possible to have a checkbox parameter.    I want to have a parameter where the user selects a feature class, then from the feature class the user will choose the field for the upper most layer in their model, then I want the user to be able to choose what layers they want the script to run on with a checkbox structure derived from the upper most layer field.    Is this possible with python, and ArcGIS Desktop? I bought a rtl8811au chipest based usb wifi for my work stationd that supports dual band. But when I plugged in the usb my ubuntu doesn't recognized it. So I had to find the driver and compiled it 'cause the one inside the usb package was not compatible with the last kernel version.  My experience with some drivers get from github platform was unsatisfied.  All the drivers I tested are an issue in my user experience. It seems that, with these drivers, my wifi usb stops working randomly, specially when the browser is open and it loads some javascript.   In that context the ping command works normally and all the other connections such as p2p like torrent, or app like telegram.  When that issue shows up, I have some options:   Waiting to work again with do nothing Unplug and replug the usb dongle Restart network service or turn off and turn on wifi   With all these options I have to wait and it is so heartbreaking !  So I think that the problem is relative to the driver 'cause I get it from github and it can contain some error.  I tried drivers like:         and the problem still persists on all these drivers.  Do you know some driver that works properly ? Can players enchant items? I know that the DM can give you enchanted items, but can players spend gold and downtime to enchant their own? Links in site profiles stripped from network profile I have a link in my profile, advertising a Stack Exchange question of mine (which I believe is acceptable use of the profile page). The link works fine on my individual profile pages. For example,  and . However, on  the links do not show.  The link is present on the GIF and on the text (two separate links, both to the same place). Both work fine on the individual profile pages but both are absent from the network profile page. The GIF and text are present, just without being linked.  Is there a reason for disallowing links from the network profile page, or is this a bug? Fundamental group of $S^2$ with north and south pole identified Consider the quotient space obtained by identifying the north and south pole of $S^2$. I think the fundamental group should be infinite cyclic, but I do not know how to prove this.   If it is infinite cyclic, would this and $S^1$ be an example of two spaces which have isomorphic fundamental groups but are not of the same homotopy type? I masked an image in the UV/Image editor masking section. I then used that mask in the compositor for background replacement. However, the mask size seems to be different. Why is that? Here's a screenshot: combinatorics: sum of product of integer compositions I think the questions says it all! :)  By TeX, I mean any derivative of TeX as long as the code is clearly a derivative of TeX, i.e. that it could belong on TeX.SX (and not pure Lua for example).  I'll give two answers myself so you see what I mean. change whole font of beamer to arial bold italic? how to change the font of the content to bold italic ?  thank you   here my cool superbe example:  \documentclass[14pt,t]{beamer} \usepackage{url} \usepackage{hyperref} \usepackage{graphicx} \usepackage{grffile} \begin{frame}\maketitle\end{frame} \begin{frame} \frametitle{test0} \begin{itemize} \item test \item test \begin{itemize} \item test \end{itemize} \end{itemize} \end{frame} \end{document}   A possible solution would be to use:  \usepackage{helvet} \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} \renewcommand{\rmdefault}{phv} \renewcommand{\sfdefault}{phv} %\renewcommand{\mddefault}{b}   % this content bold with b \renewcommand{\bfdefault}{phv} % Helvetica has no bx series \renewcommand{\updefault}{sl}   But it does do helvel arial bold for the whole document, and maybe there are ways to have the items/text of the slides in bold italic, and to keep normal phv for the top of the slide (frame title)? Serial protocol delimiting/synchronization techniques As asynchronous serial communication is widely spread among electronic devices even nowadays, I believe many of us have encountered such a question from time to time. Consider an electronic device D and a computer PC connected with serial line (RS-232 or similar) and required to exchange information continuously. I.e. PC is sending a command frame each X ms, and D is replying with status report/telemetry frame each Y ms (The report can be sent as response to requests or independently - doesn't really matter here). The communication frames can contain any arbitrary binary data. Assuming the communication frames are fixed-length packets. The problem: As the protocol is continuous, the receiving side might loose the synchronization or just &quot;join&quot; in the middle of an ongoing sent frame, so it just won't know where the start of frame (SOF) is. A the data has different meaning based on its position relatively to the SOF, the received data will become corrupted, potentially forever. The required solution Reliable delimiting/synchronization scheme to detect the SOF with short recovery time (i.e. it shouldn't take more than, say 1 frame to resynchronize). The existing techniques I am aware (and using some) of: 1) Header / checksum - SOF as predefined byte value. Checksum in the end of frame.  Pros: Simple. Cons: Not reliable. Unknown recovery time.  2) Byte stuffing:  Pros: Reliable, fast recovery, can be used with any hardware Cons: Not that suitable for fixed-size frame-based communication  3) 9th bit marking - prepend each byte with additional bit, while SOF marked with 1 and the data bytes are marked with 0:  Pros: Reliable, fast recovery Cons: Requires hardware support. Not directly supported by most of PC hardware and software.  4) 8th bit marking - kind of emulation of the above, while using the 8th bit instead of 9th, which is leaving only 7bits for each data word.  Pros: Reliable, fast recovery, can be used with any hardware. Cons: Requires an encoding/decoding scheme from/to the conventional 8-bit representation to/from 7-bit representation. Somewhat wasteful.  5) Timeout based - assume the SOF as the first byte coming after some defined idle time.  Pros: No data overhead, simple. Cons: Not that reliable. Won't work well with poor timing systems like, say, Windows PC. Potential throughput overhead.  Question: What are the other possible techniques/solutions exist to address the problem? Can you point to the cons in the above list which can be easily worked around, thus removing them? How do you (or would you) design your systems protocol? Why are my render times 30+ minutes, but other people's are ~3 minutes? I am currently using Sheep It! to render my blend (built on v2.68c) on multiple computers, and I noticed something rather strange. According to the log on-site, the frames rendered from other people's blends were completing in 3 to 4 minutes. This was on an 4 core i5. My main rig (with an 8 core i7) was completing frames in no less than half an hour. How is this possible?  To clarify, these people's frames are very complex, often with very detailed textures. I have 2 objects in my blend. Below are the options I changed for my blend:   Aspect Ratio: 1000px x 1000px Output: PNG Clamp Indirect: 0.98 Render Sampling: 128 Min Light Bounces: 0 Max Light Bounces: 4 Cycles Render   Is there something in there that I should change to make it go faster? I can't really comprehend how it's going to quickly.  EDIT: To answer what @Duarte asked...   System Specs: i7-920, 3GB DDR3, GT 630, Windows 10 I have two circles, extended to form a sort of coin with a star on it. It is not complex at all. I have Firefox and Steam running in the background, but not actively. I've been away from the computer for 8 hours and noticed this behavior. (I am running Blender from Steam.) I made sure when I began rendering that the blend was set for CPU rendering.          And to answer what @pycoder asked, yes, I am using Cycles Render. Are common cryptographic hashes bijective when hashing a single block of the same size as the output?