The girl who they say is a singer, met me last night.   or     The girl whom they say is a singer, met me last night.   Note: We Follow British English.
I understand there has been so much on this topic but I am still confused. I get that if the person is the subject it is who and anything else is whom. However, I'm really struggling to work out this rule for the following sentence:     The scope of which his account of morality applies to is therefore restricted to those whom/who the ‘notion of justification to a being of that kind makes sense.’   Should it be who or whom? I can't work out the subject and object.
How/when to become independent in research as a graduate student? I am in the last months of my MSc and I have done my thesis. I have published some conference papers but most of them were literature reviews.  My MSc thesis is about solving wave equations by means of method of potentials and boundary elements. I am interested in pursuing research in another field (differential equations) but I have no idea how to start any topic that may lead to a journal publication.    By asking this question, I want to understand how a research student, whether a recently graduated MSc student or a PhD student, can start searching for a new research topic and develop some researches based on his own interests. Specially, I would like to know:   To what extent should a graduate student be dependent on faculty members? How can he be more independent and start his own research activities? Is it a good idea that the graduate work on another topic with the faculty member or work independently on a more recent research topic? If the person is in a research group or at the university, is it a good idea or is it ethical that he develop his own research interests, besides to the topics which are being developed in that institute? How should a graduate student manage this and make some progress in the research fields of his own interest? (In particular, sometimes the faculty members are not interested in the topics you are interested in and the person has to start his own research activity.)      And also, if this research is part of his independent research, at the time of publishing what affiliation should be used in the publications. Should it be "Independent Scholar" as mentioned in  or something else? This is important in academic publications, because sometimes, the person is in a research group, but he is publishing a paper as part of his own researches not the things he is doing in that institute; in this case, has he mention that institute's affiliation or use his own one? So please make it clear that how the affiliation would be when the person does research independently in the cases like when he is not working in a research group or he is working with a professor or research group but his publication is output of his own research activities? It is a little unclear. How can we know that all of the results for entangled photons are not chosen when the pair is created? Why are pointers such a leading factor of confusion for many new, and even old, college level students in C or C++?  Are there any tools or thought processes that helped you understand how pointers work at the variable, function, and beyond level?  What are some good practice things that can be done to bring somebody to the level of, "Ah-hah, I got it," without getting them bogged down in the overall concept? Basically, drill like scenarios. How to control spacing in a TikZ tree? Is there a difference between the original file and a hard link to it? I'd like to synchronise some configuration files via a file hoster like Dropbox. I could create a hard link in the software's configuration folder and let it point to my cloud storage directory.  When having done that, is there a difference between those two files? I read somewhere that both files are attributes of the file in the master file table and that there would be no difference at all.  On the other hand, on Windows, directory junctions via mklink can be found using dir /AL /S, so they somehow differ from real directories.  Is that correct? Beamer: Change only several bullets in the list I would like to change the bullets in the second itemize to arrows.  \begin{alertblock}{The Aim of this Research}      \begin{itemize}         \item Item 1         \item Item 2             \begin{itemize}                 \item Item 2-1                 \item Item 2-2             \end{itemize}     \end{itemize}  \end{alertblock}   Form above, I would like to make:  ・Item 1  ・Item 2    =&gt; Item 2-1  (change bullet to arrow)    =&gt; Item 2-2   I've tried inserting \renewcommand{\labelitemii}{$\rightarrow$} before and after the second \begin{itemize} and , but they don't work. Wavy stream of liquid is it possible to combine two fields in one and use that field to group by in reports? for example, i would like to combine ee id and ee name fields in 1 and show as 1 field in the "group by" section on reports. How to run 32-bit app in Ubuntu 64-bit? What is the use of the square brackets [] in sql statements? If I add a new case class, does that mean I need to search through all of the pattern matching code and find out where the new class needs to be handled?  I've been learning the language recently, and as I read about some of the arguments for and against pattern matching, I've been confused about where it should be used.  See the following:  Pro:  and    Con:   The comments are pretty good in each case, too.  So is pattern matching something to be excited about or something I should avoid using?  Actually, I imagine the answer is "it depends on when you use it," but what are some positive use cases for it and what are some negative ones? How can I prove $\sup(A+B)=\sup A+\sup B$ if $A+B=\{a+b\mid a\in A, b\in B\}$ If $A,B$ non empty, upper bounded sets and $A+B=\{a+b\mid a\in A, b\in B\}$, how can I prove that $\sup(A+B)=\sup A+\sup B$? Opening PDF in Illustrator breaks up text objects I recently had to convert some PDF files to SVG, and did this by opening the PDF in Illustrator, and saving out to SVG.    The issue was that when Illustrator opened the pdf, many (but not all) text objects would be broken up into different text objects.  For instance, the word "policy" wouldn't be one text object, but rather several text objects, "po", "l", "icy".  There didn't seem to be any rhyme or reason to it.    How can I prevent this from happening? Using Mosfet with seperate Logic Converter and Arduino If $f:[a,b]\to \mathbb{R}$ is continuous and nonnegative and $\int_a^b{f}=0$, then $f(x)=0$ for all $x\in [a,b]$ Suppose that a function $f:[a,b]\to\mathbb{R}$ is continuous and nonnegative. Prove that if $\int_a^b{f}=0$, then $f(x)=0$ for all $x\in [a,b]$.   I've been trying to prove it using the extreme value theorem, continuity and the upper and lower sums but can't come up with something tight enough. More specifically, I've been trying to relate $|f(x)-f(t)|&lt;\epsilon$ to the sum of $M_k-m_k(x_k-x_{k-1})$ Finding the maximum likelihood estimator (Theoretical statistics) Let $X_1, X_2, ..X_n$ represent a random sample from this pdf:  $$f(x|\theta)= \frac{3x^2}{\theta^3}, 0\leq x\leq \theta$$ (with 0 elsewhere)  Could someone explain how I would find the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) of this pdf? I know I have to get the likelihood function L, then the log likelihood function, then differentiate, but I am getting lost in the calculations. Thanks! net use command works in command prompt, but not in bat file Meaning of convolution? When $\min_{x \in X,y \in Y} f(x,y) = \min_{x \in X} \min_{y \in Y} f(x,y)$? Let $f(n) = \sum_{(k,n)=1} e^\frac{2\pi ik}{n}$. Show that $f(n) = \sum_{k=1}^{n}\left(\sum_{d\mid (k,n)} \mu(d)e^{\frac{2\pi ik}{n}} \right) $