Why is the K silent in &quot;knowledge&quot; and &quot;know&quot;? I have heard many non-natives pronounce the K but not natives. In dictionaries there is no K in the pronunciation but there is a K in spelling.
Why don't we read ''k'' here?  Know → /nəʊ/   Knotty → /ˈnɒt.i/   Knockout → /ˈnɒk.aʊt/
Non in front of hyphenated adjective What is aperture, and how does it affect my photographs? How does aperture affect my photographs?  Why should I care about the aperture with which a photo was taken? What is the highest obtainable resolution of FREE elevation data in the UK? I am having trouble loading csv files into layers using QgsVectorLayer().  I know this looks like a repeat, but I have carefully read     and    but still cannot get it work.  An example of my data file, test.csv:  Index,y,x 0,37.7646618,-122.4960858 1,37.777494,-122.416311 2,37.717707,-122.3997056 3,37.732284,-122.498118 4,37.749998,-122.392333   My code:  import os import urllib  import pathlib from qgis.core import QgsVectorLayer  local_path = 'C:\dev\FCMS_conflation\data\TMC_nodes.csv' node_layer = 'test'  abspath = os.path.abspath(local_path) params = {'delimiter': ',',           'decimalPoint': '.',           'xField': longitude,           'yField': latitude}  uri = "%s?%s" %(pathlib.Path(abspath).as_uri(), urllib.unquote(urllib.urlencode(params)))  layer = QgsVectorLayer(uri, node_layer, "delimitedtext")   The formatted URI looks like:  [] uri &gt;&gt;&gt; 'file:///C:/dev/FCMS_conflation/data/TMC_nodes.csv?decimalPoint=.&amp;delimiter=,&amp;xField=longitude&amp;yField=latitude'   I have tried many variations of the parameters, including the crs and type. But no matter what I try, I cannot create a valid layer.  [] layer.isValid() &gt;&gt;&gt; False   I have verified that I can add the file using the QGIS gui. I even tried using the uri provided by layer.metadata from within the Python plugin.   I am using QGIS 2.10.1 on Windows 7 64-bit machine. I tried to find this question somewhere else on here, and found a couple that were similar to it -- but all the answers seemed pretty convoluted, and I think it was surprising to me because I just imagined that SQL would have a way easier way to do this.  Essentially, I'm using a GROUP BY to group two values on top of each other. The coding is simple and works well, where I get these results using WITH ROLLUP at the end:  Type    Person  Count Type A  Person 1    10 Type A  Person 2    91 Type A  Person 3    13 Type A  Person 4    10 Type A  Person 5    2 Type A  NULL        126 Type B  Person 6    16 Type B  Person 7    63 Type B  Person 8    15 Type B  Person 9    22 Type B  Person 10   16 Type B  Person 11   3 Type B  Person 12   20 Type B  Person 13   44 Type B  NULL        198 NULL    NULL        360   Is there an easy way to substitute something saying if "NULL" is in the "Person" column, then make NULL AS "Subtotal" and if "NULL" is in the "Type" column, NULL AS "Grand Total?"  And if that's weirdly complicated, I'd be totally fine with just calling all of them "Total."  Thanks! I have the problem, that PHP replaces all spaces with underscores in POST and GET variables. For example if I have the URL: http://localhost/proxy.php?user name=Max the browser will convert it to http://localhost/proxy.php?user%20name=Max. But if I give the $_GET parameters out, the key is not user name but user_name (note the underscore)! Is there any possibility to change this behaviour? What should I do before dual-booting Windows 7 and Debian on EFI? Is there any Stack Exchange site where I can ask others to recommend me good web sites for solving specific problems?  For example I would like to know if there is any URL shortening website that can allow me to define the url.  For example instead of http://bit.ly/1gX2dD0 I would like it to be http://bit.ly/superflow - if "superflow" is not available then I will invent another word.  I can imagine that such services are paid but I don't need the link to last more than one day, and maybe there is such a website. How do you make a torus 'telescope' open? So I have a torus, and I need it to "telescope" open -- kind of like Pacman's death animation, but with a torus instead of a sphere.  I'm very new to 3D modeling/animating so I really have no clue how to tackle this problem.  Any advice to help me get pointed in the right direction would be most appreciated :) I have created a VF page and used "render as pdf"  &lt;apex:commandButton value="Save to Opportunity" action="{!savePdf}"  /&gt;   Its working fine when i am using above line without rerender and oncomplete but when i am adding rerender or oncomplete it is not working.I am able to save the PDF in attachment folder but when i am trying to open its showing  "Unable to load document"  Even if i remove oncomplete and use Rerender then also its saving the attachment in Attachment object and when i view ,it is not loading and says "Unable to load document"      &lt;apex:commandButton value="Save to Opportunity" action="{!savePdf}"  oncomplete="myClose();"/&gt;   Javascript Code  function myClose(){      self.close();     window.opener.location.href="/{!$CurrentPage.parameters.Id}";  }   Class Code  public void savePdf() {      PageReference pdf = Page.GenerateQuotePDF;     pdf.getParameters().put('id',parentId);      Attachment attach = new Attachment();      Blob body;     body = pdf.getContent();     attach.Body = body;     attach.Name = 'Opportunity'+ '.pdf';       attach.IsPrivate = false;     attach.ParentId = parentId;     attach.ContentType = 'application/pdf';     insert attach;     }     Please help.. How can I remove Ubuntu from my system and install the Windows bootloader? What are logic gates? Log and natural log I've been trying to solve the following problem:  Suppose that $f$ and $f&#39;$ are continuous functions on $\mathbb{R}$, and that $\displaystyle\lim_{x\to\infty}f(x)$ and $\displaystyle\lim_{x\to\infty}f&#39;(x)$ exist. Show that $\displaystyle\lim_{x\to\infty}f&#39;(x) = 0$.  I'm not entirely sure what to do. Since there's not a lot of information given, I guess there isn't very much one can do. I tried using the definition of the derivative and showing that it went to $0$ as $x$ went to $\infty$ but that didn't really work out. Now I'm thinking I should assume $\displaystyle\lim_{x\to\infty}f&#39;(x) = L \neq 0$ and try to get a contradiction, but I'm not sure where the contradiction would come from.   Could somebody point me in the right direction (e.g. a certain theorem or property I have to use?) Thanks How do I select all but two types of entities in Minecraft with the type selector? I've asked this question towards a developer for Minecraft and I thought I'd ask here too since they might not see the question.  How do I select all but two types of entities in Minecraft?  For example, something like: /say @e[type=![Player,Item],r=50] (to clarify I also tried type=Item,Player, type=Item,type=Player etc)  Should select any entity that does not match players or items, so things like Creepers, Ghasts, XPOrbs, PrimedTNT and so on within a radius of 50 blocks and print them to the chat.  Instead it ignores one of the flags, and works with the other instead. Remove rogue app from menu bar I have a rogue item on my menu bar from a terrible piece of printer/scanner software. I long ago removed the app, but the button for the app remains in the menu bar.   Is there any central way for me to remove an item from the menu bar? Any plist I can hack? command line trick, etc?  It's the one to the left of the Facebook icon:    (I tried holding Command and dragging it away, but it doesn't seem to respect that convention.) Improving Review Queues - Design overview II: Changing review bans and other new features This is one of three project announcements for Improving Review Queues. We’ve summarized the project objectives and goals . As a reminder, this project is still in the . In this post, we are sharing proposed changes to review bans and other new features. We are asking for your feedback before we begin implementation. After we collect community feedback, we will be open to including changes into the next design iteration. Suspension of privileges  Most users learn how to be good reviewers by actually reviewing posts, but sometimes find themselves making wrong decisions. This can lead to a less than obvious suspension of privileges, with too little guidance as to what they did wrong and how they can improve in the future. In the event of a suspension, a user will be notified in the Review Queue dropdown. A post notification will be available with reason and time remaining on the Review Queue main page, along with guidance for continued learning in this area. We’re also proposing softening the language by renaming “review bans” to “review suspensions.” Open questions:  Do you have suggestions of other ways we can notify reviewers of a ban? What information would be most helpful to you in this situation?  New features  My tasks We’re considering introducing a new, additional workflow and means of task discovery. My Tasks is a curated experience that’s currently based on your Watched Tags. This page includes an overview of pending tasks that may require more immediate attention or pique interest in a user’s subject-matter expertise.  Queue filtering We’d also like to add more useful, robust filtering options on all queues. Right now, the filter function is difficult to discover. We want to make this feature more noticeable and add queue-specific options. For example, you will be able to filter by your Watched Tags and sort tasks that are soon to expire out of each queue. Badges Currently, the gold Steward badge is awarded once at 1,000 reviews per queue regardless of whether you’ve performed 1,000 or 10,000 reviews. We propose that reviewers can now earn this badge multiple times, adding more opportunities to earn badges while reviewing - this change is intended to be retroactive. Open questions:  How would you want to be able to customize in My Tasks? Are there other review-centric badges you would like to see added?  In case you missed it... We propose changes to Onboarding and Updated workflows/pathways here: . Contour method to solve $\int^\infty_0\frac{\ln(1+x)}{1+x^2}\,dx$ Does Linux have the capability to use "junctioned" symbolic links? I'm not sure if this is an actual term or not, so let me explain the concept.  I have a git repository containing all my configuration dot files in ~/dotfiles. I use symbolic links into this directory in order to "activate" them. For example, by executing ln -s ~/dotfiles/bash/bash_profile ~/.bash_profile to produce the link:  ~/.bash_profile -&gt; ~/dotfiles/bash/bash_profile   However, I find myself in a situation where I want to combine the contents of multiple files. For example, I want the ~/.bash_profile symbolic link to point to two separate files, one for each project. E.g.:  ~/.bash_profile (1) -&gt; ~/dotfiles/bash/bash_profile (2) -&gt; ~/dotfiles/proj/bash_profile   I know I can simply concatenate the two files (e.g., cat ~/dotfiles/{bash,proj}/bash_profile &gt; ~/.bash_profile), but if I can do the same thing with symbolic links, I would prefer to.  I imagine that if such a feature exists (Nix is pretty huge), then under the hood it would have to map the two different files together, hiding all sorts of complexities under the hood (mapping file offsets of all non-first "mapped" files, locking all files when writing to the junctioned symbolic link, etc, etc).  If such a feature doesn't exist, are there are plans to implement it? sum of the residue at all poles of the rational function p/q is 0. We are given two polynomials p, q with deg(q)>1+deg(p). Show that the sum of the residue at all poles of the rational function p/q is 0.   How do I go about solving this?