I installed Windows 8 and Linux dual boot on UEFI system. Windows 8 recognizes Linux (btrfs) partitions as unformatted D: and E: and offers to format them when I accidentally click on them. I'm used to that Windows doesn't see Linux partitions, at all.  Windows 8 doesn't recognize Linux ext4 pattitions on my laptop with (MSDOS table and MBR boot mode). Is it the partition table or the boot mode or why is that happenig?
I installed Linux Mint in 2 partitions: / and /home  Windows 8 is under UEFI boot mode.  How to hide those linux partitions in Explorer?    When I click on them:
Why does `a == x or y or z` always evaluate to True? If $f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y)$ showing that $f(cx) = cf(x)$ holds for rational $c$ For $f:\mathbb{R}^n \to \mathbb{R}^m$, if $f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y)$ for then for rational $c$, how would you show that $f(cx) = cf(x)$ holds?  I tried that for $c = \frac{a}{b}$, $a,b \in \mathbb{Z}$ clearly  $$ f\left(\frac{a}{b}x\right) = f\left(\frac{x}{b}+\dots+\frac{x}{b}\right) = af\left(\frac{x}{b}\right) $$ but I can't seem to finish it, any help? There seems to be more than a few computer science/programming Stack Exchange networks (is that the correct term?). Stack Overflow, being the first, has by far the most users, questions, and answers.  What is the reasoning for creating the others, and are there clear guidelines for which kinds of questions should be posted? I can see a large amount of potential overflow, many cases of people not getting a good answer to their question, because the person who has the answer isn't browsing that particular network at the moment.  I understand that they were probably created for organizational purposes, but wouldn't it almost make more sense to just have them as categories under Stack Overflow, keep them separated but still connected, instead of making people have to create multiple 'account's, one for each network?  I am sure there was a very good reason to break them up, but as someone that is new to SE, it can be somewhat intimidating to decide which one to post in to ensure you get a good answer. For example, if I am a computer science student, my first instinct might to be to post in the computer science network, until I see that it literally has 1% of the users as the Stack Overflow network, which still seems to be for programming/computer science related questions.  So my second instinct would then to be to post it into the Stack&nbsp;Overflow site on the basis that I have a significantly higher chance of my question being seen and getting a good answer. Then I notice that there is also a 'programmers' network, and I don't even begin to know where that fits in. I, and I am assuming most people, will probably just post on Stack&nbsp;Overflow to be safe.  My question is, other than the short little description blurb of each one, is there a clear cut set of guidelines which what each network is intended for, what kinds of questions should go to each one, and is anything being done to encourage people to post in these newer, smaller (more specialized?) networks as opposed to just posting in big daddy Stack Overflow?  Now again, this is for computer science/programming/"why isn't this code doing what I want?" related questions, I am not saying that if I had a question about Linux or WordPress or something I would have the same confusion. Prove that $f(x)$ is irreducible iff its reciprocal polynomial $f^*(x)$ is irreducible. This is what I'm trying to prove:     Let $f(x)\in\mathbb{Q}[x]$ and $\deg(f(x))&gt;1$. Prove that $f(x)$ is irreducible in $\mathbb{Q}[x]$ iff its reciprocal polynomial $f^*(x)$ is irreducible in $\mathbb{Q}[x]$.    Note: The reciprocal polynomial $f^*(x)=x^nf(1/x) \in \mathbb{Q}[x]$, where $n=\deg f$.   So my thoughts are to prove the contrapositive, i.e. $f^*(x)$ is reducible iff $f(x)$ is reducible.   So to prove the ($\Rightarrow$) direction I assume that $f^*(x)=g(x)h(x)$, so I get that $g(x)h(x)=x^nf(1/x)$ which implies $f(1/x)=(1/x^n)g(x)h(x)$. I want to say this somehow makes $f(x)$ reducible but I am unable to proceed as $f(1/x)\notin \mathbb{Q}[x] $. I thought about substituting $y=1/x$, which gives $f(y)=y^ng(1/y)h(1/y)$, but I am unable to show that this is irreducible in $\mathbb{Q}[y]$. If I could, then it would be irreducible in $\mathbb{Q}[x]$ since $\mathbb{Q}[y]\cong \mathbb{Q}[x]$   Any suggestions or hints will be appreciated. I read this quite a while back, part of my parents library (they're in their 50s now) I think the book was probably published in the 70s or 80s, my copy was paperback. I don't recall the cover art, but I have vague recollections of a satellite on the cover and maybe blue with grid-lines below it?  I've made concerted efforts to find it again but to no avail. My parents don't remember it either, but mum's an avowed book-aholic and buys a lot of books, reads them once and forgets about them, so that's not so surprising.  The key parts I remember:   Both the Soviets and Americans were working on psychic techniques and technologies, with real and tangible results including Remote Viewing. MK-ULTRA was explicitly namedropped in relation to the American psychic program. The Soviets and Americans both had orbiting superweapons, One was a microwave laser (or something very similar) and the other used slivers of the brains of psychics to blow people's brains up in a wide area. A super-psychic (male) took offence to the state of the cold-war and took control over the orbital weapons by manipulating the onboard computers psychically. There's a gruesome description of a psychic weapon being tested on monkeys in a lab, the POV character throws up afterwards in horror. I think there might have been more than one POV character. There's an extended description of the psychic orbital weapon as experienced by people in its area of effect. Similar to the monkeys, it builds up, starting with alzheimer-esque hand-shaking and building up to seizures and screaming before their brain liquifies fully and either comes out the nose and ears or outright blows the skull open. (this is one of the more vivid recollections I have of the book) I remember that the super-psychic was working wholly alone and did most of his psychic stuff from motels halfway around the world from events. I believe the super-psychic also killed other psychics explicitly. The weapon satellites had code-names Both weapons were used on cities in the course of the story I vaguely recall an office building getting targeted specifically at one point. I have a question related to multiple regression and interaction, inspired by this CV thread:    When checking for a moderation effect I do center my independent variables and multiply the centered variables in order to calculate my interaction term. Then I run my regression analysis and check for main and interaction effects, which may show the moderation.  If I redo the analysis without centering, apparently the coefficient of determination ($R^2$) does not change but the regression coefficients ($\beta$s) do. That seems clear and logical.  What I do not understand: The p-values of the main effects change substantially with centering, although the interaction does not (which is right). So my interpretation of main effects could change dramatically - just determined by centering or not. (It's is still the same data, in both analyses!)  Can somebody clarify? - Because that would mean that the option to center my variables would be mandatory and everybody should do it in order to get the same results with the same data.    Thanks a lot for distributing to that problem and your comprehensive explanations. Be assured that your help is very much appreciated!  For me, the biggest advantage of centering is to avoid multicollinearity. It is still quite confusing to establish a rule, whether to center or not. My impression is, that most of the resources suggest to center, although there are some "risks" when doing it. Again I want to put out the fact, that 2 researchers dealing with the same material and data might conclude different results, because one does centering and the other does not. I just read some part of a book by Bortz (he was a Professor and kind of a Statistics Star in Germany and Europe), and he does not even mention that technique; just points out to be careful in interpreting main effects of variables when they are involved in interactions.  After all, when you conduct a regression with one IV, one moderator (or second IV) and a DV, would you recommend to center or not? Terminal command 'login' fails with error message Coming from Mac OS X, there is a possibility for every ordinary user to open Terminal and type in 'login' to change to a different user account.  When I do this with Ubuntu, it provides the following error message:  login: Cannot possibly work without effective root   Is there any way to remedy this?  Which file do I need to edit and with what to enable the use of this command (even for a standard user)? Return a value when using jQuery.each()? Introductory biology text for an outsider I'm a maths major and I have an interest in learning biology. I know very, very little; I know how babies are made and that's about it. Could anyone recommend a stimulating text to read for its own sake and also to use to learn biology? Do scimitars and rapiers count as swords for the magic items in the 5E DMG? Are rapiers and scimitars considered swords for magic items like:   Dancing Sword Defender Dragon Slayer Flame Tongue Frost Brand Giant Slayer Holy Avenger Luck Blade Nine Lives Stealer Sword of Life Stealing Sword of Sharpness (scimitar) Sword of Vengeance Sword of Wounding Vorpal Sword (scimitar)   Or are only shortswords (not Sword of Sharpness or Vorpal Sword), longswords and greatswords swords for these items and therefore available? INT(5) vs SMALLINT(5): numbers in parenthesis after the numeric type Unsolved mystery - I was given a coworker's Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS machine and set up my own (sudo/admin) user on there from the command line. I switched to my user (from his sudo/admin user) and confirmed everything was okay using the groups command and the /etc/passwd file looked great. After months of everything working perfectly, a power outage shut down the machine for the first time since I inherited it.  After booting, my new user disappeared. It's not in the /etc/passwd file and there is no entry in the /home directory. I created the user the same as I did before, and there were no errors to indicate that the user still existed.  What happened?  As requested, here is the output of   olduser@machine:~$ ls -lait /home  total 16  3408126 drwxr-xr-x 2 newuser newuser 4096 Nov 20 10:28 newuser  3407873 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Nov 20 10:28 .  3407874 drwxr-xr-x 36 coworker coworker 4096 Nov 20 10:00 bvillupu  2 drwxr-xr-x 26 root root 4096 Oct 3 2012 ..  3408259 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 44 Aug 9 2012 .directory -&gt; /etc/kubuntu-default-settings/directory-home Extracting only the BibTex records relevant to the paper My colleague asked me to write a page for a paper he writes. I wrote the page in LyX, compiled it to LaTeX, and sent him the TeX files. Then he reminded me that I forgot to send the .bib file with all the references.  But, my .bib file is huge - it contains over 1000 references (I have a global BiBTeX file for all my papers). The page I wrote uses only about 20 of them.  Is there an automatic way to extract from the bib file, only the records relevant to the current paper? In superluminal phase velocities, what is it that is traveling faster than light? I understand that information cannot be transmitted at a velocity greater than speed of light. I think of this in terms of the radio broadcast: the station sends out carrier frequencies $\omega_c$ but the actual content is carried in the modulated wave, the sidebands $\omega_c\pm\omega_m$. The modulation envelop has its group velocity and this is the speed at which information is being transmitted. We also know, for example, that x-rays in glass have a phase velocity which is greater than the speed of light in vacuum.   My question is, what exactly is it that is travelling faster than the speed of light?    EDIT: I know it couldn't be anything physical as its superluminal. My problem is, what is it that has absolutely no information content yet we associate a velocity with it. I have an odd error that I have been unable to find anything on this. I wanted to change the user comment with the following command.  $ sudo usermod -c "New Comment" user   This will work while logged onto a server but I want to automate it across 20+ servers. Usually I am able to use a list and loop through the servers and run a command but in this case I get a error.  $ for i in `cat servlist` ; do echo $i ; ssh $i sudo usermod -c "New Comment" user ; done  serv1 Usage: usermod [options] LOGIN  Options: lists usermod options  serv2 Usage: usermod [options] LOGIN  Options: lists usermod options . . .   When I run this loop it throws back an error like I am using the command incorrectly but it will run just fine on a single server.  Looking through the ssh man pages I did try -t and -t -t flags but those did not work.  I have successfully used perl -p -i -e within a similar loop to edit files.  Does anyone know a reason I am unable to loop this? scanf not taking in data Search favorite questions by tag Favorite questions on Stack Overflow I feel is highly unused feature of all the features provided on the site. (This again is my personal opinion)  I have favorited around 90 question till date and it gets very very very difficult if I want to search for a question which I remember I have favorited, which defeats the entire purpose of one favouriting a question, so here is my small suggestion.  Favorites by tags  Screen 1        Screen 2        Please share your opinions on this. Evaluating $\int_0^{\large\frac{\pi}{4}} \log\left( \cos x\right) \, \mathrm{d}x $ Prove ${n - 1 \choose k - 1} + {n - 2 \choose k - 1} + {n - 3 \choose k - 1} + \dots + {k - 1 \choose k - 1} = {n \choose k}$ If $f'$ is differentiable at $a$ then $f'$ is continuous at $(a-\delta,a+\delta)$