dermatologic disorders
Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)
Key Points
Atopic dermatitis is common, particularly in developed nations, affecting up to 20% of children and 10% of adults. A genetically determined skin barrier defect predisposes to inflammation with skin irritants and thus atopic dermatitis. Common triggers include excessive washing and bathing. Common findings vary with age and include pruritus and scaly erythematous patches and plaques and lichenification in the antecubital and popliteal fossae and on the eyelids, neck, and wrists. Superinfections (particularlyS. aureusinfections and eczema herpeticum) are common. Atopic dermatitis frequently resolves or lessens significantly by adulthood. First-line treatments include moisturizers, topical corticosteroids, and antihistamines as needed for pruritus. For disease unresponsive to topical therapy, consider phototherapy or systemic immunosuppressants. 