cardiovascular disorders
Edema
Treatment of Edema
Specific causes are treated. Patients with sodium retention often benefit from restriction of dietary sodium. Patients with heart failure should eliminate salt in cooking and at the table and avoid prepared foods with added salt. receptor blockers (ARBs) and in those with a kidney disorder because potentially fatal Hyperkalemia can result. ) lower serum glucose in patients with diabetes but also induce diuresis by increasing natriuresis and glycosuria without significantly affecting serum electrolytes ( Treatment references ). They can be used in patients with heart failure or nephrotic syndrome with or without diabetes. 1.Anker SD, Butler J, Filippatos G, et al:Empagliflozinin heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction.N Engl J Med385(16):1451–1461, 2021. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2107038 2.Cowie MR, Fisher M: SGLT2 inhibitors: mechanisms of cardiovascular benefit beyond glycaemic control.Nat Rev Cardiol17(12):761–772, 2020. doi: 10.1038/s41569-020-0406-8 3.Heerspink HJL, Stefánsson BV, Correa-Rotter R, et al:Dapagliflozinin patients with chronic kidney disease.N Engl J Med383(15):1436–1446, 2020. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2024816 4.Packer M, Anker SD, Butler J, et al: Cardiovascular and renal outcomes withempagliflozinin heart failure.N Engl J Med383(15):1413–1424, 2020. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2022190 