special subjects
Options for Limb Prostheses
Introduction
 Prosthetic Components include the socket, suspension and control system(s), joints, and appendage. There are many different options for prostheses, but all options aim to achieve a stable, comfortable fit. The prosthetist helps patients choose the type of prosthesis and options they need to accomplish their goals. For example, prostheses can be designed for general daily mobility, for specific activities such as swimming, or for high-impact and competitive sports such as running. The patient's physical and cognitive abilities and gadget tolerance are important in the initial selection of prosthetic components. Limb prostheses are exoskeletal or endoskeletal. Exoskeletal prostheseshave a rigid external plastic structure in the shape of a limb. They are permanently fixed and not adjustable. Exoskeletal prostheses are more durable and are preferred primarily when the prosthesis may be exposed to harsh environmental conditions, such as impact damage during physical labor or a caustic environment. Endoskeletal prostheseshave a central inner skeletal structure that includes modular components and couplings that provide angular adjustably in all three planes and facilitate removal of damaged components. The endoskeletal system is often covered with a soft material in the shape of a limb and a synthetic skin applied over the anatomic shape. (See also Overview of Limb Prosthetics ) 