special subjects
Licorice
Adverse Effects
At lower dosages or normal consumption levels, few adverse reactions are evident. However, high doses of real licorice (> 1 oz per day) and glycyrrhizin cause renal sodium and water retention, possibly leading to high blood pressure, and potassium excretion, possibly causing low potassium levels (pseudoaldosteronism). Increased potassium excretion can be a particular problem for people who have heart disease and for those who takedigoxinor diuretics that also increase potassium excretion. Such people and those who have high blood pressure should avoid taking licorice. Licorice may increase the risk of premature delivery; thus, pregnant women should avoid licorice. 