pediatría
Trastorno bipolar en niños y adolescentes
Etiología
La herencia está involucrada y varias variantes genéticas se han asociado con el trastorno bipolar ( Referencias generales ), aunque actualmente no hay marcadores útiles para su diagnóstico. Sin embargo, los estudios de neuroimágenes en jóvenes informan volúmenes más pequeños en la amígdala ( Ciertos fármacos (p. ej., Cocaína , 1.Craddock N, Sklar P: Genetics of bipolar disorder.Lancet381(9878):1654-1662, 2013. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60855-7 2.Phillips ML, Swartz HA: A critical appraisal of neuroimaging studies of bipolar disorder: Toward a new conceptualization of underlying neural circuitry and a road map for future research.Am J Psychiatry171(8):829-843, 2014. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.13081008 3.Hafeman D, Bebko G, Bertocci MA, et al: Amygdala-prefrontal cortical functional connectivity during implicit emotion processing differentiates youth with bipolar spectrum from youth with externalizing disorders.J Affect Disord208:94-100, 2017. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.09.064 4.Mwangi B, Spiker D, Zunta-Soares JC, et al: Prediction of pediatric bipolar disorder using neuroanatomical signatures of the amygdala.Bipolar Disord16(7):713-721, 2104. 5.Najt P, Wang F, Spencer L, et al: Anterior cortical development during adolescence in bipolar disorder.Biol Psychiatry79(4):303-310, 2016. 6.Bitter SM, Mills NP, Adler CM, et al: Progression of amygdala volumetric abnormalities in adolescents following their first manic episode.J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry50(10):1017-1026, 2011. 7.Meeder R, Adhikari S, Sierra-Cintron, et al: New-onset mania and psychosis in adolescents in the context of COVID-19 infection.Cureus14(4):e24322, 2022. doi: 10.7759/cureus.24322 8.Uzun O, Akpolat T, Varol A, et al: Could COVID-19 be a trigger for manic attack in an adolescent?Neurol Sci.42(9):3521-3522, 2021. doi: 10.1007/s10072-021-05390-0 