cardiovascular disorders
Athlete’s Heart
Symptoms and Signs of Athlete’s Heart
There are no symptoms. Signs vary but may include Bradycardia An LV impulse that is laterally displaced, enlarged, and increased in amplitude A systolic ejection (flow) murmur at the left lower sternal border A 3rd heart sound (S3) due to early, rapid diastolic ventricular filling A 4th heart sound (S4), heard best during resting bradycardia because diastolic filling time is increased Hyperdynamic carotid pulses These signs reflect structural cardiac changes that are adaptive for intense exercise. 