genitourinary disorders
Overview of Glomerular Disorders
Diagnosis of Glomerular Disorders
Serum creatinine level and urinalysis A glomerular disorder is usually suspected when screening or diagnostic testing reveals an elevated serum creatinine level and abnormal urinalysis (hematuria with or without casts, proteinuria, or both). Approach to the patient involves distinguishing predominant-nephritic from predominant-nephrotic features and identifying likely causes by patient age, accompanying illness (see tableand table), and other elements of the history (eg, time course, systemic manifestations, family history). Causes of Nephrotic Syndrome is indicated when diagnosis is unclear from history or when histology influences choice of treatment and outcomes (eg, 