infectious diseases
Chloramphenicol
Adverse Effects ofChloramphenicol
Adverse effects ofchloramphenicolinclude Bone marrow depression (most serious) Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea Gray baby syndrome (in neonates) There are 2 types of bone marrow depression: Reversible dose-related interference with iron metabolism: This effect is most likely with high doses or prolonged treatment or in patients with a severe liver disorder. Irreversible idiosyncratic Aplastic Anemia : This anemia occurs in Hypersensitivity reactions are uncommon. Optic and peripheral neuritis may occur with prolonged use. The neonatal gray baby syndrome, which involves hypothermia, cyanosis, flaccidity, and circulatory collapse, is often fatal. The cause is high blood levels, which occur because the immature liver cannot metabolize and excretechloramphenicol. To avoid the syndrome, clinicians should not give infants≤1 month of age>25 mg/kg/day initially, and doses should be adjusted based on blood levels of the drug. 