pediatrics
Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries
Symptoms and Signs of CCTGA
There is a wide range of clinical manifestations due to the multiple associated anomalies. During infancy, CCTGA may present with a murmur due to pulmonary stenosis or a VSD, cyanosis due to severe pulmonic stenosis and a VSD, heart failure due to a large VSD, or symptomatic bradycardia due to congenital complete AV block. These symptoms may develop gradually during childhood and adolescence depending on the severity of the associated lesions. As patients reach adulthood, a common concern is the development of dysfunction of the morphologic RV, which serves as the systemic ventricle. This dysfunction may be subclinical or manifest as a severe Overview of Cardiomyopathies and 