special subjects
Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)
Introduction
MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) is anamphetamineanalog with stimulant and hallucinogenic effects. MDMA acts primarily on neurons that produce and release serotonin, but it also affects dopaminergic neurons. MDMA is usually taken as a pill; effects begin 30 to 60 minutes after ingestion and typically last 4 to 6 hours. MDMA is often used at dance clubs, concerts, and rave parties. (See also Amphetamines .) 