infectious diseases
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection
Etiology of HPV Infection
There are > 100 known types of HPV. Some infect cutaneous epithelium and cause common Warts . Some infect primarily the mucosa of the anogenital region, as well as the oropharyngeal and laryngeal areas. Important manifestations of anogenital HPV include Genital warts (condyloma acuminatum) Intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma of the cervix, vulva, vagina, anus, or penis Laryngeal and oropharyngeal cancers Bowenoid papulosis Some data suggest HPV plays a role in the pathogenesis of some bladder cancers. Condylomata acuminata are benign anogenital warts most often caused by HPV types 6 and 11, as are laryngeal and oropharyngeal warts. Low- and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma may be caused by HPV. Virtually all Cervical Cancer is caused by HPV; about 70% is caused by types 16 and 18, and many of the rest result from types 31, 33, 45. 52, and 58 ( Virtually all cervical cancer is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is transmitted from lesions during contact with skin or mucosa. The types that affect the anogenital region are usually transmitted sexually by vaginal or anal intercourse, but digital, oral, and nonpenetrative genital contact may be involved. Genital warts are more common among immunocompromised patients. Growth rates vary, but pregnancy, immunosuppression, or maceration of the skin may accelerate the growth and spread of warts. 1.Serrano B, Alemany L, Tous S, et al: Potential impact of a nine-valent vaccine in human papillomavirus related cervical disease.Infect Agent Cancer7(1):38, 2012. doi:10.1186/1750-9378-7-38 