infections
Sulfonamides
Introduction
Sulfonamides are a class of Overview of Antibiotics that are effective against many gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria. Some sulfonamides are applied directly to the skin (topically) to treat burns and skin, vaginal, and eye infections. Sulfonamides include the following: Mafenide Sulfacetamide Sulfadiazine Sulfadoxine Sulfamethizole Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole None Sulfanilamide Sulfasalazine Sulfisoxazole Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is commonly used in combination with Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole (TMP). The combination is called TMP/SMX. Sulfonamides work by preventing bacteria from producing a form offolic acidthey need to grow and multiply. Drug Drug Common Uses Common Uses Some Potential Side Effects Some Potential Side Effects Mafenide Sulfacetamide Sulfadiazine Sulfadoxine Sulfamethizole Sulfanilamide Sulfasalazine Sulfisoxazole Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole None Overview of Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) (except Inflammation of the vagina ( Vaginal Discharge ) Overview of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) None Forsulfacetamide:Superficial eye infections Formafenideandsulfadiazine:Only topically for burns ( Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ) Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea Allergies to Drugs including rashes, anaphylaxis, and angioedema Crystals in urine (rare) A decrease in white blood cell and platelet counts Sensitivity to sunlight Possibly increased tendency to bleed if used withwarfarin In people with G6PD deficiency (see table More About Some Causes of Anemia ), the breakdown of red blood cells G6PD = deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. (See also Overview of Antibiotics .) 