kidney and urinary tract disorders
Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
Introduction
In nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, the kidneys produce a large volume of dilute urine because the kidney tubules fail to respond tovasopressin(antidiuretic hormone) and are unable to reabsorb filtered water back into the body. Often nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is hereditary, but it can be caused by drugs or disorders that affect the kidneys. Symptoms include excessive thirst and excretion of large amounts of urine. Diagnosis of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is based on tests of blood and urine. Drinking increased amounts of water helps prevent dehydration. To treat nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, people restrict salt in their diet and sometimes take drugs to reduce the amount of urine excreted. (See also Introduction to Disorders of Kidney Tubules .) Both diabetes insipidus and the better-known type of diabetes, Diabetes Mellitus (DM) , result in the excretion of large volumes of urine. Otherwise, the two types of diabetes are very different. Two types of diabetes insipidus exist: In nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, the kidneys do not respond tovasopressin(antidiuretic hormone), so they continue to excrete a large amount of dilute urine. In ArginineVasopressin Deficiency (Central Diabetes Insipidus) , which is more common, the pituitary gland fails to secrete Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus are very different, except that both cause people to excrete large amounts of urine. 