injuries poisoning
Organophosphate Poisoning and Carbamate Poisoning
Diagnosis
Muscarinic toxidrome with prominent respiratory findings, pinpoint pupils, muscle cramping, and weakness Sometimes RBC cholinesterase levels The diagnosis is usually based on the characteristic muscarinic toxidrome in patients with neuromuscular and respiratory findings, particularly in patients at risk. If findings are equivocal, reversal or abatement of muscarinic symptoms after 1 mg ofatropine(0.01 to 0.02 mg/kg in children) supports the diagnosis. The specific toxin should be identified if possible. Many organophosphates have characteristicgarlic-like or petroleum odors. RBC cholinesterase activity, which can be measured by some laboratories, indicates the severity of poisoning. If it can be measured rapidly, values can be used to monitor the effectiveness of treatment; however, patient response is the primary marker of effectiveness. 