genitourinary disorders
Introduction to Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)
Introduction
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) can be divided into upper and lower tract infections: Upper tract infections involve the kidneys ( Acute pyelonephritis ). Lower tract infections involve the bladder ( Cystitis ), urethra ( However, in practice, and particularly in children, differentiating between the sites of infection may be difficult or impossible. Moreover, infection often spreads from one area to the other. Although urethritis and prostatitis are infections that involve the urinary tract, the term UTI usually refers to pyelonephritis and cystitis. Bacterial Urinary Tract Infections cause most cases of cystitis and pyelonephritis. The most common nonbacterial pathogens are Other than adenoviruses (implicated in hemorrhagic cystitis), viruses have no major contribution to UTI in immunocompetent patients. The predominant parasitic causes of UTIs are Bancroftian and Brugian Lymphatic Filariasis , Urethritis is usually caused by an Overview of Sexually Transmitted Infections . 