neurologic disorders
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Other Motor Neuron Diseases (MNDs)
Key Points
Consider motor neuron disease in patients who have diffuse upper and/or lower motor weakness without sensory abnormalities. Suspect ALS in patients with upper and lower motor neuron signs plus weakness in facial muscles. Do MRI of the brain and electrodiagnostic and laboratory testing to exclude other disorders. The mainstay of treatment is supportive measures (eg, multidisciplinary support to help cope with disability; drug treatment for symptoms such as spasticity, cramps, and pseudobulbar affect). In patients with ALS,riluzolemay provide limited survival benefit, andedaravonemay slow the decline in function. 