gastrointestinal disorders
Proctitis
Introduction
Proctitis is inflammation of the rectal mucosa, which may result from infection, inflammatory bowel disease, or radiation. Symptoms are rectal discomfort and bleeding. Diagnosis is by proctoscopy or sigmoidoscopy, usually with cultures and biopsy. Treatment depends on etiology. (See also Evaluation of Anorectal Disorders .) Proctitis may be a manifestation of Overview of Sexually Transmitted Infections (eg, —see Introduction to Gram-Negative Bacilli ) Overview of Inflammatory Bowel Disease None Radiation treatments Proctitis associated with prior antibiotic use may be due to Clostridioides (formerly Clostridium) difficile–Induced Diarrhea (formerly Sexually transmitted pathogens cause proctitis more commonly among men who have sex with men. Recently, Mpox (Monkeypox) has been found to cause significant infectious proctitis in men who have sex with men. Patients with immunocompromise are at particular risk of infections with herpes simplex and cytomegalovirus. 