gynecology and obstetrics
COVID 19 During Pregnancy
Introduction
 COVID-19 is caused by infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Based on several studies, the epidemiology, virology, transmission, and symptoms and signs of COVID-19 in pregnant women are similar to those in nonpregnant patients. Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and other publications indicate an increased risk of intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation, and death in pregnant patients with symptomatic COVID-19, particularly in those with underlying health conditions such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease ( General references ). However, the overall risk of severe illness and death due to COVID-19 remains low for pregnant women. Risk of obstetric complications (eg, preterm labor, preterm birth, preeclampsia, cesarean delivery, stillbirth) is increased in patients with moderate and severe infection (usually including pneumonia) ( General references , Vertical transmission appears to be infrequent, with studies reporting rates from 0 to 3.6% ( General references , (See also Infectious Disease in Pregnancy .) 