hormonal and metabolic disorders
Hypoglycemia
Treatment of Hypoglycemia
Consuming sugar to raise the level of glucose in the blood Changing medication doses Eating several small meals during the day Sometimes surgery to remove a tumor People prone to hypoglycemia should carry or wear medical identification to inform health care professionals of their condition. The symptoms of hypoglycemia are relieved within minutes of consuming sugar in any form, such as candy, glucose tablets, or a sweet drink, such as a glass of fruit juice. People with recurring episodes of hypoglycemia, especially those with diabetes, often prefer to carry glucose tablets because the tablets take effect quickly and provide a consistent amount of sugar. These people may benefit from consuming sugar followed by a food that provides longer-lasting carbohydrates (such as bread or crackers). When hypoglycemia is severe or prolonged and taking sugar by mouth is not possible, doctors quickly give glucose intravenously to prevent brain damage. People who are known to be at risk of episodes of severe hypoglycemia may keepglucagonon hand for emergencies.Glucagonadministration stimulates the liver to release large amounts of glucose. It is given by injection or by a nasal inhaler and generally restores blood glucose to an adequate level within 5 to 15 minutes.Glucagonkits are easy to use, and family members or trusted others can be trained to administer theglucagon. If a medication is causing hypoglycemia, the dose is adjusted or the medication is changed. Insulinoma should be removed surgically. However, because these tumors are small and difficult to locate, a specialist should do the surgery. Before surgery, the person may be given a medication such as People who do not have diabetes but are prone to hypoglycemia often can avoid episodes by eating frequent small meals rather than the usual three meals a day. Limiting intake of carbohydrates, especially simple sugars, is sometimes advocated to prevent hypoglycemia that occurs after a meal (called reactive hypoglycemia). Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, such asacarbose, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates, have also been used successfully in people with reactive hypoglycemia and hypoglycemia after bariatric surgery. 