hepatic and biliary disorders
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP)
Treatment of SBP
Cefotaximeor another antibiotic Albuminfor prevention of hepatorenal syndrome If SBP is diagnosed, an antibiotic such asceftriaxoneorcefotaxime2 g IV every 4 to 8 hours (pending Gram stain and culture results) is given for at least 5 days and until ascitic fluid shows<250 PMNs/mcL. Antibiotics increase the chance of survival. Because SBP recurs within a year in up to 70% of patients, prophylactic antibiotics are indicated; quinolones (eg, norfloxacin 400 mg orally once/day) are most widely used. (25%) on day 1 and 1 gm/kg on day 3 to reduce the risk of Hepatorenal syndrome . Antibiotic prophylaxis in ascitic patients with variceal hemorrhage decreases the risk of SBP. 