genitourinary disorders
Testicular Torsion
Symptoms and Signs of Testicular Torsion
Immediate symptoms are rapid onset of severe local pain, nausea, and vomiting, followed by scrotal edema and induration. Fever and urinary frequency may be present. The testis is tender and may be elevated and horizontal. The contralateral testis may also be horizontal because the anatomic defect is usually bilateral. The cremasteric reflex is usually absent on the affected side. Sometimes, torsion can spontaneously resolve and then recur, which may appear to suggest a less acute onset ( Symptoms and signs reference ). Usually, however, the onset and resolution of pain is very rapid with each episode. 1.Mellick LB, Sinex JE, Gibson RW, et al: A systematic review of testicle survival time after a torsion event.Pediatr Emerg Care35(12):821-825, 2019. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000001287 