gynecology and obstetrics
Cervical Stenosis
Key Points
Cervical stenosis may be congenital or acquired (eg, caused by menopause, cervical surgery, endometrial ablation, cervical or uterine cancer, or radiation therapy). Cervical stenosis is usually asymptomatic. Suspect cervical stenosis based on symptoms and signs or on inability to obtain endocervical or endometrial samples for tests; inability to pass a 1- to 2-mm diameter probe into the uterine cavity confirms complete stenosis. If symptoms or uterine abnormalities (eg, hematometra, pyometra) are present, exclude cancer by cervical cytology and endometrial biopsy or D & C, then dilate the cervix and place a stent. 