musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Osteomyelitis
Etiology of Osteomyelitis
Osteomyelitis is caused by Contiguous spread from infected tissue or an Prosthetic Joint Infectious Arthritis None Bloodborne organisms (hematogenous osteomyelitis) Open wounds (from contaminated open fractures or bone surgery) Trauma, ischemia, and foreign bodies predispose to osteomyelitis. Osteomyelitis may form under deep Pressure Injuries . Contiguous spread from adjacent infected tissue or open wounds causes about 80% of osteomyelitis; it is often polymicrobial. Staphylococcal Infections (including both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant strains) is present in Osteomyelitis that results from contiguous spread is common in the feet (in patients with Infection or Hematogenously spread osteomyelitis usually results from a single organism. In children, gram-positive bacteria are most common, usually affecting the metaphyses of the tibia, femur, or humerus. In adults, hematogenously spread osteomyelitis usually affects the vertebrae. Risk factors in adults are older age, debilitation, Hemodialysis , In adults who are older, debilitated, or receiving hemodialysis:S. aureus(methicillin-resistantS. aureus[MRSA] is common) and enteric gram-negative bacteria , Pseudomonas and Related Infections , and In patients with sickle cell disease, liver disease, or immunocompromise: Overview of Salmonella Infections species Fungi and mycobacteria can cause hematogenous osteomyelitis, usually in immunocompromised patients or in areas of endemic infection with Histoplasmosis , 