pediatrics
Rash in Infants and Young Children
Treatment of Rash in Infants and Young Children
Treatment of rash is directed at the cause (eg, antifungal cream for candidal infection). For diaper rash, the goal is to keep the diaper area clean and dry, primarily by changing diapers more frequently and gently washing the area with mild soap and water. Sometimes a barrier ointment containingzinc oxideor vitamins A and D may help. Pruritus in infants and children can be lessened by oral antihistamines: Diphenhydramine: For children > 6 months, 1.25 mg/kg every 6 hours (maximum 50 mg every 6 hours) Hydroxyzine: For children > 6 months, 0.5 mg/kg every 6 hours (maximum for children < 6 years, 12.5 mg every 6 hours; for those ≥ 6 years, 25 mg every 6 hours) Cetirizine: For children 6 to 23 months, 2.5 mg once a day; for those 2 to 5 years, 2.5 to 5 mg once a day; for those > 6 years, 5 to 10 mg once a day Loratadine: For children 2 to 5 years, 5 mg once a day; for those > 6 years, 10 mg once a day Some common adverse effects of antihistamines include dry mouth, drowsiness, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, restlessness or moodiness (in some children), urinary hesitancy, blurred vision, and confusion. 