pulmonary disorders
How To Do Thoracentesis
Indications for Thoracentesis
Diagnostic thoracentesis Indicated for almost all patients who have pleural fluid that is new or of uncertain etiology and is ≥ 10 mm in thickness on computed tomography (CT) scan, ultrasonography, or lateral decubitus x-ray (see figure Diagnosis ) Diagnostic thoracentesis is usually not needed when the etiology of the pleural fluid is apparent (eg, Viral Pleuritis , typical Selection of laboratory tests typically done on pleural fluid is discussed in Cause of effusion . Therapeutic thoracentesis To relieve symptoms in patients with dyspnea caused by a large pleural effusion If pleural fluid continues to reaccumulate after several therapeutic thoracenteses, pleurodesis (injection of an irritating substance into the pleural space, which causes obliteration of the space) may help prevent recurrence. Alternatively, placement of an indwelling pleural catheter can allow drainage of pleural fluid by patients at home. Pleurodesis and placement of an indwelling pleural catheter are most commonly done to manage malignant effusions. 