ear, nose, and throat disorders
Myringitis
Introduction
Myringitis is a form of Otitis Media (Acute) in which vesicles develop on the tympanic membrane. Myringitis can develop in patients with viral, bacterial (particularlyStreptococcus pneumoniae), or mycoplasmal otitis media. Pain occurs suddenly and persists for 24 to 48 hours. Hearing loss and fever suggest a bacterial origin. Diagnosis is based on otoscopic visualization of vesicles on the tympanic membrane. Myringitis does not cause middle ear effusions. Because differentiation among a viral, bacterial, and mycoplasmal cause is difficult, antibiotics effective against organisms causing otitis media are prescribed (see Treatment ). Severe, continued pain may be relieved by rupturing the vesicles with a myringotomy knife or by using oral analgesics (eg, 