eye disorders
Infectious Uveitis
Herpesviruses: Cytomegalovirus
 Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection (CMV) is the most common cause of retinitis in immunocompromised patients, but prevalence has decreased among patients with HIV/AIDS receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Currently, Symptoms of CMV retinitis include blurry vision, blind spots, floaters, flashing lights, and vision loss. However, infection is often asymptomatic. The diagnosis is largely clinical based on direct or indirect ophthalmoscopic examination; serologic tests are of limited use, although analysis of aqueous fluid can be confirmatory if the diagnosis is in question. Treatment in patients with HIV/AIDS is with systemic or intravitrealganciclovir, systemic or intravitrealfoscarnet, or systemicvalganciclovir. Therapy is typically continued indefinitely, unless immune reconstitution is achieved with combination antiretroviral therapy (typically a CD4+ count>100 cells/mcL for at least 3 months). Patients with CD4+ counts<50 cells/mcL, even if asymptomatic, should be monitored every 3 months for CMV retinitis. 