genitourinary disorders
Renal Tubular Acidosis
Type 2 (proximal) RTA
Type 2 is impairment in bicarbonate resorption in the proximal tubules, producing a urine pH>7 if plasma bicarbonate concentration is normal, and a urine pH<5.5 if plasma bicarbonate concentration is already depleted as a result of ongoing losses. This syndrome may occur as part of a generalized dysfunction of proximal tubules and patients can have increased urinary excretion of glucose, uric acid, phosphate, amino acids, citrate, calcium, potassium, and protein. Osteomalacia or osteopenia (including rickets in children) may develop. Mechanisms may include hypercalciuria, hyperphosphaturia, alterations invitamin Dmetabolism, and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Type 2 RTA is very rare and most often occurs in patients who have one of the following: Fanconi Syndrome None Myeloma-Related Kidney Disease None Various drug exposures (usuallyacetazolamide, sulfonamides,ifosfamide, outdatedtetracycline, orstreptozocin) deficiency, chronic hypocalcemia with secondary hyperparathyroidism, Kidney Transplantation , 