pediatrics
Bladder Anomalies
Megacystis syndrome
In this syndrome, a large, thin-walled, smooth bladder without evident outlet obstruction develops, usually in girls. Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) is common. Megacystis syndrome is poorly understood. The syndrome may be a manifestation of a primary myoneural defect, especially when intestinal obstruction (eg, megacystis-microcolon, intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome) is also present. Symptoms are related to Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in Children . Ultrasonography with the bladder empty may disclose normal-appearing upper tracts, but voiding cystourethrography may show reflux with massive upper tract dilation. Ureteral reimplantation may be effective, although some patients benefit from antibacterial prophylaxis, timed voiding with behavioral modification, intermittent catheterization, or a combination. 