injuries and poisoning
Sports Related Concussion
Repeat injury
Unlike with other causes of concussion, such as car crashes and falls, sports participants are continually at risk of concussion. Thus, repeat injury is more likely. Athletes are particularly susceptible if another head injury occurs before they have fully recovered from a previous concussion. And even after recovery, athletes who continue participating are two to four times more likely to have another concussion than if they had never had one. Also, repeat concussions can be caused by an impact less severe than the impact that caused the first one. Although people eventually recover fully from a single concussion, about 3% of those who had several (even apparently minor) concussions develop long-term brain damage. This damage is termed Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) (CTE) and was first described in boxers (and termed dementia pugilistica). However, CTE can happen in anyone who has had several concussions. People with CTE have evidence of brain damage on CT or MRI and have symptoms that are similar to those of Dementia-like symptoms (for example, disturbances in memory, cognitive function, or behavior) Impaired judgment and decision making Personality changes (such as becoming easily angered and violent) Depression None Parkinsonism None Several prominent retired athletes who had multiple concussions have committed suicide, possibly caused, at least partly, by CTE. 