pediatrics
Macrocephaly
Introduction
Macrocephaly (megacephaly) is a head circumference > 2 standard deviations above the mean for age ( General references , (See also Introduction to Congenital Craniofacial and Musculoskeletal Abnormalities and There aretwo types of macrocephaly: Disproportionate macrocephaly Proportionate macrocephaly Indisproportionate macrocephaly,the head is larger than appropriate for the child's size; affected children are at risk of autism spectrum disorders, developmental disability, and seizures. the head appears appropriately sized for the body (ie, the large head is associated with a large stature), and an overgrowth syndrome (eg, Gigantism and Acromegaly ) should be considered. Abnormal macrocephaly may be due to an enlarged brain (megalencephaly), Hydrocephalus , cranial hyperostosis, or other conditions. These conditions may be the result of genetic disorders or disorders the child acquired before or after birth ( 