women s health issues
Barrier Contraceptives
Contraceptive Sponge
A contraceptive sponge is a round, pillow-shaped polyurethane sponge about 1 1/2 in (4 cm) in diameter. The sponge is wet with water, folded, and inserted deep into the vagina, where it blocks sperm from entering the uterus. The sponge also contains a spermicide. It is available over the counter and does not need to be fitted by a health care professional. The sponge can be inserted into the vagina by the woman up to 24 hours before sexual intercourse and provides protection through that period of time, regardless of how frequently intercourse is repeated. The sponge must be left in place for at least 6 hours after the last episode of intercourse. It should not be left in place for more than 30 hours. Usually, neither partner is aware of its presence once it is inserted. The sponge is less effective than the diaphragm. Pregnancy rates with typical use are 12% for women who have not had children and 24% for women who have. Problems related to use are uncommon. They include allergic reactions, vaginal dryness or irritation, and difficulty removing the sponge. 