hematology and oncology
Paraneoplastic Syndromes
Introduction
Paraneoplastic syndromes are symptoms that occur at sites distant from a tumor or its metastasis. Although the pathogenesis remains unclear, these symptoms may be secondary to substances secreted by the tumor or may be a result of antibodies directed against tumors that cross-react with other tissue. Symptoms may occur in any organ or physiologic system. Up to 20% of cancer patients experience paraneoplastic syndromes, but often these syndromes are unrecognized. The most common cancers associated with paraneoplastic syndromes include Lung Carcinoma (most common), especially small cell lung cancer Renal Cell Carcinoma None Hepatocellular Carcinoma None Overview of Leukemia None Overview of Lymphoma None Breast Cancer None Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, and Peritoneal Cancer None Neuroendocrine cancers Stomach Cancer None Pancreatic Cancer None or somatostatin analogs for Carcinoid Syndrome , bisphosphonates and corticosteroids for 