eye disorders
Papilledema
Key Points
Papilledema indicates increased intracranial pressure. In addition to bilateral hyperemic and swollen optic disks (optic nerve heads), patients typically have engorged and tortuous retinal veins, and retinal hemorrhages around the disk but not into the retinal periphery. Funduscopic abnormalities usually precede visual disturbances. Do immediate neuroimaging and, if no mass lesion is seen, obtain CSF for analysis and measure CSF pressure with a lumbar puncture. Treat the underlying disorder. 