infectious diseases
Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) Vaccine
Contraindications and Precautions for MMR Vaccine
Contraindicationsfor the MMR vaccine include A severe allergic reaction (eg, Anaphylaxis ) after a previous dose or to a vaccine component, including Known severe primary or acquired immunodeficiency (eg, due to leukemia, lymphomas, solid tumors, tumors that affect bone marrow or the lymphatic system, AIDS, severe HIV infection, treatment with chemotherapy, or long-term use of immunosuppressants) Pregnancy (vaccination is postponed until pregnancy is completed) Family history of first-degree relatives (parents or siblings) with congenital hereditary immunodeficiency, unless the vaccine recipient is known to be immunocompetent HIV infection is a contraindication only if immunocompromise is severe (CDC Immunologic Categories (HIV Infection Stages) for Children 3 with CD4 < 15% or CD4 count < 200 cells/mcL); if immunocompromise is not severe, risks of wild measles outweigh risk of acquiring measles from the live vaccine. Women who have been vaccinated should avoid becoming pregnant for ≥ 28 days afterward. The vaccine virus may be capable of infecting a fetus during early pregnancy. The vaccine does not cause Symptoms and Signs , but risk of fetal damage is estimated at ≤ 3%. Precautionswith the MMR vaccine include Moderate or severe acute illness with or without fever (vaccination is postponed until illness resolves) Recent (within 11 months) treatment with blood products that contain antibody (specific interval depends on the product) History of thrombocytopenia or thrombocytopenic purpura If a person is infected withMycobacterium tuberculosis, MMR vaccine and possibly MMRV vaccine may temporarily suppress the response to tuberculin testing. Thus, if needed, this test can be done before or at the same time as vaccination. If people have already been vaccinated, testing should be postponed for 4 to 6 weeks after vaccination. 