pediatrics
Neonatal Hyponatremia
Etiology of Neonatal Hyponatremia
The most frequent cause of neonatal hyponatremia is hypovolemic dehydration caused by vomiting, diarrhea, or both. When fluid loses are replaced with fluids that have little or no sodium (eg, some juices), hyponatremia can result. A less frequent cause is euvolemic hyponatremia caused by Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) and consequent water retention. Possible causes of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion include Finally, hypervolemic hyponatremia occurs in the setting of water retention and excess sodium retention, such as in heart failure or renal failure. 