pediatrics
Drugs for Hypertension in Children
Adrenergic Modifiers
Adrenergic modifiers include central alpha-2-agonists, postsynaptic alpha-1-blockers, and peripheral-acting nonselective adrenergic blockers (see table Oral Adrenergic Agents for Hypertension in Children ). Alpha-2-agonists (eg,clonidine) stimulate alpha-2-adrenergic receptors in the brain stem and reduce sympathetic nervous activity, lowering BP. Because they have a central action, they are more likely than other antihypertensives to cause drowsiness, lethargy, and depression; they are no longer widely used.Clonidinecan be applied transdermally once a week as a patch; thus, it may be useful for nonadherent patients. Postsynaptic alpha-1-blockers (eg,prazosin,terazosin,doxazosin) are no longer used for primary treatment of hypertension because evidence suggests no reduction in mortality. 