critical care medicine
Cardiac Arrest
Etiology of Cardiac Arrest
 sudden cardiac arrest results primarily from cardiac disease (of all types, with more than 15% of sudden cardiac arrest attributable to Overview of Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) , and a large majority associated with underlying cardiovascular disease). In a significant percentage of patients, sudden cardiac arrest is the first manifestation of heart disease. Other causes include circulatory shock due to noncardiac disorders (especially cardiac causes of cardiac arrest are less common than in adults. The predominant cause of cardiac arrest in infants and children is respiratory failure due to various respiratory disorders (eg, airway obstruction, Drowning , infection, 1.Atkins DL, Everson-Stewart S, Sears GK, et al; Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Investigators: Epidemiology and outcomes from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in children: the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Epistry-Cardiac Arrest.Circulation119(11):1484–1491, 2009. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.802678 2.Meert KL, Telford R, Holubkov R, et al; Therapeutic Hypothermia after Pediatric Cardiac Arrest (THAPCA) Trial Investigators: Pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest characteristics and their association with survival and neurobehavioral outcome.Pediatr Crit Care Med17(12):e543–e550, 2016. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000000969 3.Scheller RL, Johnson L, Lorts A, Ryan TD: Sudden cardiac arrest in pediatrics.Pediatr Emerg Care32(9):630–636, 2016. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000000895 4.Tsao CW, Aday AW, Almarzooq ZI, et al: Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2023 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association [published correction appears inCirculation147(8):e622, 2023].Circulation147(8):e93-e621, 2023. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000001123 