eye disorders
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion and Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion
Key Points
Retinal vein occlusion involves blockage by a thrombus. Patients have painless loss of vision that is typically sudden and may have risk factors (eg, older age, hypertension). Funduscopy characteristically demonstrates macular edema with dilated veins and hemorrhages; additional tests include color fundus photography,fluoresceinangiography, and optical coherence tomography. Treat patients who have macular edema with an intraocular injection of an anti-VEGF drug (ranibizumab,aflibercept, orbevacizumab) or intraocular injection of adexamethasoneimplant ortriamcinolone. Focal laser photocoagulation is useful in some cases of macular edema secondary to a branch retinal vein occlusion, and panretinal laser photocoagulation should be done for retinal or anterior segment neovascularization. 