psychiatric disorders
Overview of Personality Disorders
Diagnosis of Personality Disorders
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR) criteria Personality disorders are underdiagnosed. When people with personality disorders seek treatment, their chief complaints are often of depression or anxiety rather than of the manifestations of their personality disorder. Once clinicians suspect a personality disorder, they evaluate cognitive, affective, interpersonal, and behavioral tendencies using specific diagnostic criteria. More sophisticated and empirically rigorous diagnostic tools are available for more specialized and academic clinicians. 2 of the following ( Diagnosis reference ) : Cognition (ie, ways of perceiving and interpreting self, others, and events) Affectivity (ie, range, intensity, lability, and appropriateness of emotional response) Interpersonal functioning Impulse control The persistent pattern of maladaptive traits must cause significant distress or impaired functioning in social, occupational, and other important areas The pattern is stable and has an early onset (traced back to at least adolescence or early adulthood) Also, other possible causes of the symptoms (eg, other mental health disorders, Substance Use Disorders , 1 year, except for Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) , which cannot be diagnosed in patients Because many patients with a personality disorder lack insight into their condition, clinicians may need to obtain history from other clinicians who have treated these patients previously, family members, friends, or others who have contact with them. 1. American Psychiatric Association:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR). Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association, 2022, pp. 733-737. 