genitourinary disorders
Overview of Nephrotic Syndrome
Etiology of Nephrotic Syndrome
Nephrotic syndrome occurs at any age but is more prevalent in children (primarily minimal change disease), mostly between ages 1½ and 4 years. Congenital Nephrotic Syndromes appear during the first year of life. At younger ages ( Themost common primary causesare the following: Minimal Change Disease None Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis None Membranous Nephropathy None Secondary causesaccount for<10% of childhood cases, but>50% of adult cases, most commonly the following: Diabetic Nephropathy None Preeclampsia and Eclampsia None Amyloidosis , an underrecognized cause, is responsible for 4% of cases. HIV-Associated Nephropathy is a type of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis that occurs in patients with AIDS. 