pediatrics
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD)
Key Points
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is chronic lung disease of preterm infants. BPD develops in neonates who required prolonged mechanical ventilation and/or oxygen supplementation, which can disrupt normal lung development. Diagnosis is based on prolonged (≥ 28 days or ≥ 36 weeks postmenstrual age) need for oxygen supplementation and sometimes ventilatory support. Wean from respiratory support as soon as possible and use nutritional supplementation, fluid restriction, and sometimes diuretics. Prevent by using antenatal corticosteroids, surfactant,caffeine, andvitamin A, avoiding excess fluid intake early in life, and using the lowest FIO2 levels, tidal volumes, and airway pressures as possible. 