infectious diseases
Yellow Fever
Introduction
Yellow fever is a Overview of Arbovirus, Arenavirus, and Filovirus Infections endemic in tropical South America and sub-Saharan Africa. Symptoms may include sudden onset of fever, relative bradycardia, headache, and, if severe, jaundice, hemorrhage, and multiple organ failure. Diagnosis is with viral culture, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and serologic tests. Treatment is supportive. Prevention involves vaccination and mosquito control. In urban yellow fever, the virus is transmitted by the bite of anAedes aegyptimosquito infected about 2 weeks previously by feeding on a person with viremia. In jungle (sylvatic) yellow fever, the virus is transmitted byHaemagogusandSabethesforest canopy mosquitoes that acquire the virus from wild primates. Incidence is highest during months of peak rainfall, humidity, and temperature in tropical South America and during the late rainy and early dry seasons in Africa. 