geriatrics
Prevention of Disease in Older Adults
Primary and Secondary Prevention
 aims to stop disease before it starts, often by reducing or eliminating risk factors. Primary prevention may include Overview of Immunization (vaccinations), chemoprophylaxis (see table Secondary preventionaims to detect and treat disease or its complications at an early stage, before symptoms or functional losses occur, thereby minimizing morbidity and mortality. Screening Tests can be a primary or secondary preventive measure. Screening can be used to detect risk factors, which may be altered to prevent disease, or to detect disease in asymptomatic people, who can then be treated early. Multiple organizations publish screening guidelines, which sometimes differ. Whatever a guideline recommends, individual patient characteristics and preferences must also be considered. Guidelines for Elder Abuse and 1.Jellinger PA, Handelsman Y, Rosenblit PD, et al:American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology Guidelines for Management of Dyslipidemia and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease.Endocrine Practice23 (4):479–497, 2017. doi:10.4158/EP171764.APPGL 2.Arnett DK, Blumenthal RS, Albert MA, et al: 2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines.Circulation140 (11):e596–e646, 2019. doi: 10.1161/CIR.000000000000067 3.American Diabetes Association:Introduction: Standards of medical care in diabetes—2020.Diabetes Care43 (Supplement 1): S1–S2, 2020. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-Sint 4.Panel on Prevention of Falls in Older Persons, American Geriatrics Society and British Geriatrics Society: Summary of the updated American Geriatrics Society/British Geriatrics Society clinical practice guideline for prevention of falls in older persons.J Am Geriatr Soc59:148–157, 2011. 