title: mysql on amazon linux - MySQL Daemon failed to start
body: <p>I tried that restarting EC2 instance and <code>sudo service httpd restart</code>.</p>
  <p>But I still get this message:</p>
  <pre><code>[ec2-user@ip-* ~]$ sudo service mysqld start
  MySQL Daemon failed to start.
  Starting mysqld:                                           [FAILED]
  </code></pre>
  <p>Also I get this message:</p>
  <pre><code>[ec2-user@ip-* ~]$ mysqld
  160127  7:01:48 [Note] mysqld (mysqld 5.5.46) starting as process 2745 ...
  160127  7:01:48 [Warning] Can't create test file /var/lib/mysql/ip-*.lower-test
  160127  7:01:48 [Warning] Can't create test file /var/lib/mysql/ip-*.lower-test
  160127  7:01:48 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
  mysqld: Can't find file: './mysql/plugin.frm' (errno: 13)
  160127  7:01:48 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
  160127  7:01:48 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
  160127  7:01:48 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
  160127  7:01:48 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.8
  160127  7:01:48 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
  160127  7:01:48 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
  160127  7:01:48 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
  160127  7:01:48  InnoDB: Operating system error number 13 in a file operation.
  InnoDB: The error means mysqld does not have the access rights to
  InnoDB: the directory.
  InnoDB: File name ./ibdata1
  InnoDB: File operation call: 'open'.
  InnoDB: Cannot continue operation.
  </code></pre>
  <p>I don't know what should I do..</p>
  <p>Cheers!</p>
  <h2>EDIT</h2>
  <p>(+ I'm also using amazon RDS.)</p>
  <p>Now, I tried <code>sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql</code> too.</p>
  <p>But</p>
  <pre><code>[ec2-user@ip-* ~]$ mysql_upgrade
  Looking for 'mysql' as: mysql
  Looking for 'mysqlcheck' as: mysqlcheck
  FATAL ERROR: Upgrade failed
  
  [ec2-user@ip-* ~]$ ls -lh /var/lib/mysql/
  합계 29M
  -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5.0M  1월 27 06:52 ib_logfile0
  -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5.0M  1월 27 06:12 ib_logfile1
  -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  18M  1월 27 06:52 ibdata1
  drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 4.0K  1월 20 07:03 mysql
  drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 4.0K  1월 20 07:03 performance_schema
  drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 4.0K  1월 20 07:03 test
  </code></pre>