title: setup routine for checking host os
body: <p>I would like to write a small setup script for a program. So i would like to prepare some things related to the target os.</p>
  
  <p>Actually i'm using:</p>
  
  <pre><code>sascha@sascha-desktop:/etc$ cat *release
  DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
  DISTRIB_RELEASE=15.04
  DISTRIB_CODENAME=vivid
  DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 15.04"
  cat: make-test-release: Ist ein Verzeichnis
  NAME="Ubuntu"
  VERSION="15.04 (Vivid Vervet)"
  ID=ubuntu
  ID_LIKE=debian
  PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 15.04"
  VERSION_ID="15.04"
  HOME_URL="http://www.ubuntu.com/"
  SUPPORT_URL="http://help.ubuntu.com/"
  BUG_REPORT_URL="http://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>Maybe you can give me the output in case of a Fedora, RedHat, Debian and openSUSE case?
  Or exists a better solution for that? </p>