title: Get the application's path
body: <p>I've recently searched how I could get the application's directory in Java. I've finally found the answer but I've needed surprisingly long because searching for such a generic term isn't easy. I think it would be a good idea to compile a list of how to achieve this in multiple languages.</p>
  
  <p>Feel free to up/downvote if you (don't) like the idea and <strong>please contribute</strong> if you like it.</p>
  
  <h2>Clarification:</h2>
  
  <p>There's a fine distinction between the <em>directory that contains the executable file</em> and the <em>current working directory</em> (given by <code>pwd</code> under Unix). I was originally interested in the former but feel free to post methods for determining the latter as well (clarifying which one you mean).</p>