title: what is &rsaquo in php (wordpress)?
body: <p>I am a beginner in programming and php.
  I am trying to understand how this form works. usually when the submit button in the form is clicked the action will be assigned to some filename.php to get processed by post or get method. but i donot know how this form is processed (i can understand form fields are using few functions from other php files)
  In particular i want to understand this</p>
  
  <pre><code>&lt;input type="button" name="goback" class="btn_orange" value="&lt;?php _e( 'Go back', APP_TD);?&gt;" onclick="history.back()" /&gt;
  &lt;input type="submit" name="step2" id="step2" class="btn_orange" value="&lt;?php _e( 'Continue &amp;rsaquo;&amp;rsaquo;', APP_TD ); ?&gt;" /&gt;
  </code></pre>
  
  <p>This is one of the file from wordpress theme
  I am copying the full code of that file containing form.</p>
  
  <pre><code>    global $current_user, $wpdb;
      $error_msg = false;
      // check to see if there are images included
      // then valid the image extensions
      if ( ! empty( $_FILES['image'] ) )
          $error_msg = cp_validate_image();
      // check to see is ad pack specified for fixed price option
      if ( $cp_options-&gt;price_scheme == 'single' &amp;&amp; cp_payments_is_enabled() &amp;&amp; ! isset(       $_POST['ad_pack_id'] ) )
          $error_msg[] = __( 'Error: no ad pack has been defined. Please contact the site administrator.', APP_TD );
      $error_msg = apply_filters( 'cp_listing_validate_fields', $error_msg );
      // images are valid
      if ( ! $error_msg ) {
          // create the array that will hold all the post values
          $postvals = array();
          // delete any images checked
          if ( ! empty( $_POST['image'] ) )
              cp_delete_image();
          // update the image alt text
          if ( ! empty( $_POST['attachments'] ) )
              cp_update_alt_text();
          // upload the images and put into the new ad array
          if ( ! empty( $_FILES['image'] ) )
              $postvals = cp_process_new_image();
              if ( ! empty( $_POST['app_attach_id'] ) )
              $postvals['app_attach_id'] = $_POST['app_attach_id'];
          if ( ! empty( $_POST['app_attach_title'] ) )
              $postvals['app_attach_title'] = $_POST['app_attach_title'];
          // put all the posted form values into an array
          foreach ( $_POST as $key =&gt; $value ) {
              if ( ! is_array( $_POST[ $key ] ) )
                  $postvals[ $key ] = appthemes_clean( $value );
              else
                  $postvals[ $key ] = array_map( 'appthemes_clean', $value );
          }
          // keep only numeric, commas or decimal values
          $postvals['cp_price'] = ( empty( $_POST['cp_price'] ) ) ? '' : appthemes_clean_price( $_POST['cp_price'] );
          if ( isset( $postvals['cp_currency'] ) &amp;&amp; ! empty( $postvals['cp_currency'] ) )
              $price_curr = $postvals['cp_currency'];
          else
              $price_curr = $cp_options-&gt;curr_symbol;
          // keep only values and insert/strip commas if needed
          if ( ! empty( $_POST['tags_input'] ) ) {
              $postvals['tags_input'] = appthemes_clean_tags( $_POST['tags_input'] );
              $_POST['tags_input'] = $postvals['tags_input'];
          }
          // store the user IP address, ID for later
          $postvals['cp_sys_userIP'] = appthemes_get_ip();
          $postvals['user_id'] = $current_user-&gt;ID;
          $ad_pack_id = ( isset( $_POST['ad_pack_id'] ) ) ? appthemes_numbers_only( $_POST['ad_pack_id'] ) : false;
          if ( $ad_pack_id )
              $postvals['pack_duration'] = cp_get_ad_pack_length( $ad_pack_id );
          $coupon = false;
          if ( cp_payments_is_enabled() ) {
              // see if the featured ad checkbox has been checked
              if ( isset( $_POST['featured_ad'] ) ) {
                  $postvals['featured_ad'] = $_POST['featured_ad'];
                  // get the featured ad price into the array
                  $postvals['cp_sys_feat_price'] = $cp_options-&gt;sys_feat_price;
              }
              // calculate the ad listing fee and put into a variable
              $postvals['cp_sys_ad_listing_fee'] = cp_ad_listing_fee($_POST['cat'], $ad_pack_id, $postvals['cp_price'], $price_curr);
              // calculate the total cost of the ad
              if ( isset( $postvals['cp_sys_feat_price'] ) )
                  $postvals['cp_sys_total_ad_cost'] = cp_calc_ad_cost($_POST['cat'], $ad_pack_id, $postvals['cp_sys_feat_price'], $postvals['cp_price'], $coupon, $price_curr);
              else
                  $postvals['cp_sys_total_ad_cost'] = cp_calc_ad_cost($_POST['cat'], $ad_pack_id, 0, $postvals['cp_price'], $coupon, $price_curr);
              //UPDATE TOTAL BASED ON MEMBERSHIP
              //check for current users active membership pack and that its not expired
              if ( ! empty( $current_user-&gt;active_membership_pack ) &amp;&amp; appthemes_days_between_dates( $current_user-&gt;membership_expires ) &gt; 0 ) {
                      $postvals['cp_membership_pack'] = get_pack( $current_user-&gt;active_membership_pack );
                      //update the total cost based on the membership pack ID and current total cost
                      $postvals['cp_sys_total_ad_cost'] = get_pack_benefit( $postvals['cp_membership_pack'], $postvals['cp_sys_total_ad_cost'] );
                      //add featured cost to static pack type
                      if ( isset( $postvals['cp_sys_feat_price'] ) &amp;&amp; in_array( $postvals['cp_membership_pack']-&gt;pack_type, array( 'required_static', 'static' ) ) )
                          $postvals['cp_sys_total_ad_cost'] += $postvals['cp_sys_feat_price'];
              }
          }
          // prevent from minus prices if bigger discount applied
          if ( ! isset( $postvals['cp_sys_total_ad_cost'] ) || $postvals['cp_sys_total_ad_cost'] &lt; 0 )
                  $postvals['cp_sys_total_ad_cost'] = 0;
          // now put the array containing all the post values into the database
          // instead of passing hidden values which are easy to hack and so we
          // can also retrieve it on the next step
          $option_name = 'cp_' . $postvals['oid'];
          update_option( $option_name, $postvals );
                   ?&gt;
          &lt;div id="step2"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
          &lt;h2 class="dotted"&gt;&lt;?php _e( 'Review Your Listing', APP_TD ); ?&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
          &lt;img src="&lt;?php echo appthemes_locate_template_uri('images/step2.gif'); ?&gt;" alt="" class="stepimg" /&gt;
          &lt;?php do_action( 'appthemes_notices' ); ?&gt;
          &lt;form name="mainform" id="mainform" class="form_step" action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"&gt;
                  &lt;ol&gt;
                      &lt;?php
                          // pass in the form post array and show the ad summary based on the formid
                          echo cp_show_review( $postvals );
                      ?&gt;
                  &lt;/ol&gt;
                  &lt;div class="pad10"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
                  &lt;div class="license"&gt;&lt;?php cp_display_message( 'terms_of_use' ); ?&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
                  &lt;div class="clr"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
                  &lt;p class="terms"&gt;
                      &lt;?php _e( 'By clicking the proceed button below, you agree to our terms and conditions.', APP_TD ); ?&gt;
                      &lt;br /&gt;
                      &lt;?php _e( 'Your IP address has been logged for security purposes:', APP_TD ); ?&gt; &lt;?php echo $postvals['cp_sys_userIP']; ?&gt;
                  &lt;/p&gt;
  
                  &lt;p class="btn2"&gt;
                          &lt;input type="button" name="goback" class="btn_orange" value="&lt;?php _e( 'Go back', APP_TD ); ?&gt;" onclick="history.back()" /&gt;
                          &lt;input type="submit" name="step2" id="step2" class="btn_orange" value="&lt;?php _e( 'Continue &amp;rsaquo;&amp;rsaquo;', APP_TD ); ?&gt;"                       /&gt;
                  &lt;/p&gt;
  
                  &lt;input type="hidden" id="oid" name="oid" value="&lt;?php echo $postvals['oid']; ?&gt;" /&gt;
  
          &lt;/form&gt;
  
  
          &lt;div class="clear"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
  
                 &lt;?php
  
                   } else {
  
                  ?&gt;
  
          &lt;h2 class="dotted"&gt;&lt;?php _e( 'An Error Has Occurred', APP_TD ); ?&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
  
          &lt;div class="thankyou"&gt;
              &lt;p&gt;&lt;?php echo appthemes_error_msg( $error_msg ); ?&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
              &lt;input type="button" name="goback" class="btn_orange" value="&amp;lsaquo;&amp;lsaquo; &lt;?php _e( 'Go Back', APP_TD ); ?&gt;" onclick="history.back()" /&gt;
          &lt;/div&gt;
  
  
  &lt;?php
  }
  ?&gt;
  </code></pre>