This is one of the major challenges of learning to fly, and it feels wonderful to handle this with aplomb.
A pilot must work in what computer people call “timeslices,” which means distributing attention across multiple tasks serially and very quickly.  It’s not unusual for a pilot to have to handle five or six things at the same time, and the way it’s done is with these timeslices.  He or she might be communicating, checking aeronautical charts, setting autopilot controls, watching for traffic, and setting climb power all at the same time.  This is one of the major challenges of learning to fly, and it feels wonderful to handle this with aplomb.