Medicinal plants represent as an alternative treatment to various diseases, and their use is increasingly prevalent throughout the world.
Medicinal plants represent as an alternative treatment to various diseases, and their use is increasingly prevalent throughout the world. Due to the large number of plant species with medicinal properties, some sciences have emerged such as medicinal herbalism, which has allowed the wide development of traditional medicine in some countries. The traditional uses attributed to each medicinal plant depend on where the plant is consumed and the social groups that use them. In this chapter a review on medicinal plants is presented as well as their application at a global level. The information was obtained from databases and scientific sources. In addition, a case study in a locality with an indigenous population in the state of San Luis Potosi, Mexico, is presented, in which a qualitative study was conducted on the traditional use of medicinal plants at the precise sale places of said plants. The collection of the data was carried out through structured interviews, which allowed to document the knowledge and main traditional uses attributed to medicinal plants. The information presented here can be useful for initiating ethnobotanical studies in places where there is greater traditional knowledge about medicinal plants.