So, the Allies staged a massive amphibious operation to force the defenders to split their forces or be surrounded—but quick success depended on a rapid break-out from the beachhead.
The Allies invaded Italy in 1943, but by 1944, they had progressed only as far as the Gustav Line south of Rome. So, the Allies staged a massive amphibious operation to force the defenders to split their forces or be surrounded—but quick success depended on a rapid break-out from the beachhead.