These properties may in part depend on the positive action on the cardiometabolic risk [ 4, 5], by decreasing the risk of diabetes and metabolic-related conditions [ 6, 7, 8].
Growing evidence shows that a dietary pattern inspired by Mediterranean Diet (MD) principles is associated with numerous health benefits [ 1, 2]. A Mediterranean-type diet has been demonstrated to exert a preventive effect toward cardiovascular diseases, in both Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean populations [ 1, 3]. These properties may in part depend on the positive action on the cardiometabolic risk [ 4, 5], by decreasing the risk of diabetes and metabolic-related conditions [ 6, 7, 8]. There is also evidence of a potential role of the Mediterranean diet in preventing certain cancers [ 9]. Finally, a new field of research has showed that a higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk of mental disorders, including cognitive decline and depression [ 10, 11, 12]. Overall, a better understanding of the key elements of this dietary pattern, the underlying mechanisms, and targets, are needed to corroborate current evidence and provide insights on new and potential outcomes.