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English
1066
Under the pressure of the European powers the Sublime Porte was forced to grant an autonomy for the province of the Lebanon. The French, English, German, Russian, Austrian, and, a year later, the Italian, Governments were signing the guaranty of this autonomy. UNDER THE PRESSURE OF THE EUROPEAN POWERS THE SUBLIME PORTE WAS FORCED TO GRANT AN AUTONOMY FOR THE PROVINCE OF THE LEBANON THE FRENCH ENGLISH GERMAN RUSSIAN AUSTRIAN AND A YEAR LATER THE ITALIAN GOVERNMENTS WERE SIGNING THE GUARANTEE OF THIS AUTONOMY
eated allusions in the Bible most people imagine it to be nothing but a mountain. The truth is that a beautiful province of about four thousand square miles bears that name. The population of the Lebanon consists of a Christian sect called Maronites and the Druses, the latter a people with a secret religion the esoteric teachings of which are known only to the initiated, and never divulged to outsiders. Both these peoples are sturdy, handsome folk. Through the machinations of the Turks, whose policy is always to "divide and rule," the Maronites were continually fighting against the Druses. In 1860 Turkish troops joined with the Druses and fell upon the Maronites with wholesale massacres that spread as far south as Damascus, where ten thousand Christians were killed in two days. [ILLUSTRATION: THE CHRISTIAN TOWN OF ZAHLEH IN THE LEBANON] The European powers were moved at last. Fifty warships were sent to Beirut, and ten thousand French troops were landed in the Lebanon, to create order.  OF THE LEBANON FEW AMERICANS KNOW JUST WHAT THE LEBANON IS FROM THE REPEATED ALLUSIONS IN THE BIBLE MOST PEOPLE IMAGINE IT TO BE NOTHING BUT A MOUNTAIN THE TRUTH IS THAT A BEAUTIFUL PROVINCE OF ABOUT FOUR THOUSAND SQUARE MILES BEARS THAT NAME THE POPULATION OF THE LEBANON CONSISTS OF A CHRISTIAN SECT CALLED MARINITES AND THE DRUSES THE LATTER A PEOPLE WITH A SECRET RELIGION THE ESOTERIC TEACHINGS OF WHICH ARE KNOWN ONLY TO THE INITIATED AND NEVER DIVULGED TO OUTSIDERS BOTH THESE PEOPLES ARE STURDY HANDSOME FOLK THROUGH THE MACHINATIONS OF THE TURKS WHOSE POLICY IS ALWAYS TO DIVIDE AND RULE THE MAREITES WERE CONTINUALLY FIGHTING AGAINST THE JEWSES IN EIGHTEEN SIXTY TURKISH TROOPS JOINED WITH THE JEWS AND FELL UPON THE MARINES WITH WHOLESALE MASSACRES THAT SPREAD AS FAR SOUTH AS DAMASCUS WHERE TEN THOUSAND CHRISTIANS WERE KILLED IN TWO DAYS THE EUROPEAN POWERS WERE MOVED AT LAST FIFTY WAR SHIPS WERE SENT TO BAROUT AND TEN THOUSAND FRENCH TROOPS WERE LANDED IN THE LEBANON TO CREATE ORDER
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