large/12904/worldswithinworlds_v1-3_1904_librivox_64kb_mp3/worldswithinworlds_01_asimov_64kb_86
large/12904/worldswithinworlds_v1-3_1904_librivox_64kb_mp3/worldswithinworlds_01_asimov_64kb
English
12904
The particles making up the cathode rays were charged with negative electricity, judging from the direction in which they were made to curve by electrically charged objects. THE PARTICLES MAKING UP THE CATHODE RAYS WERE CHARGED WITH NEGATIVE ELECTRICITY JUDGING FROM THE DIRECTION IN WHICH THEY WERE MADE TO CURVE BY ELECTRICALLY CHARGED OBJECTS
 each side of the question. By 1885, however, the English physicist William Crookes (1832-1919) showed that cathode rays could be made to turn a small wheel when they struck that wheel on one side. This seemed to show that the cathode rays possessed mass and were a stream of atom-like particles, rather than a beam of mass-less light. Furthermore, Crookes showed that the cathode rays could be pushed sideways in the presence of a magnet. (This effect, when current flows in a wire, is what makes a motor work.) This meant that, unlike either light or ordinary atoms, the cathode rays carried an electric charge. [Illustration: _J. J. Thomson in his laboratory. On his right are early X-ray pictures._] This view of the cathode rays as consisting of a stream of electrically charged particles was confirmed by another English physicist, Joseph John Thomson (1856-1940). In 1897 he showed that the cathode rays could also be made to take a curved path in the presence of electrically charged objects.  MASS THERE WERE PHYSICISTS ON EACH SIDE OF THE QUESTION BY EIGHTEEN EIGHTY FIVE HOWEVER THE ENGLISH PHYSICIST WILLIAM CROOKS EIGHTEEN THIRTY TWO NINETEEN NINETEEN SHOWED THAT CATHODE RAYS COULD BE MADE TO TURN A SMALL WHEEL WHEN THEY STRUCK THAT WHEEL ON ONE SIDE THIS SEEMED TO SHOW THAT THE CATHODE RAYS POSSESSED MASS AND WERE A STREAM OF ATOM LIKE PARTICLES RATHER THAN A BEAM OF MASSLESS LIGHT FURTHERMORE CROOKS SHOWED THAT THE CATHODE RAYS COULD BE PUSHED SIDEWAYS IN THE PRESENCE OF A MAGNET THIS EFFECT WHEN CURRENT FLOWS IN A WIRE IS WHAT MAKES A MOTOR WORK THIS MEANT THAT UNLIKE EITHER LIGHT OR ORDINARY ATOMS THE CATHODE RAYS CARRIED AN ELECTRIC CHARGE THIS VIEW OF THE CATHODE RAYS AS CONSISTING OF A STREAM OF ELECTRICALLY CHARGED PARTICLES WAS CONFIRMED BY ANOTHER ENGLISH PHYSICIST JOSEPH JOHN THOMPSON EIGHTEEN FIFTY SIX NINETEEN FORTY IN EIGHTEEN NINETY SEVEN HE SHOWED THAT THE CATHODE RAYS COULD ALSO BE MADE TO TAKE A CURVED PATH IN THE PRESENCE OF ELECTRICALLY CHARGED OBJECTS
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