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English
12430
Soul is distinct from matter, and also eternal. When it attains true knowledge it is liberated from matter and from pain. SOUL IS DISTINCT FROM MATTER AND ALSO ETERNAL WHEN IT ATTAINS TRUE KNOWLEDGE IT IS LIBERATED FROM MATTER AND FROM PAIN
g generations. Philosophy had thus begun. [Sidenote: Six philosophic schools.] The speculations of which we see the commencement and progress in the Upanishads were finally developed and classified in a series of writings called the six Sastras or _darsanas_. These constitute the regular official philosophy of India. They are without much difficulty reducible to three leading schools of thought--the Nyaya, the Sankhya, and the Vedanta. Roundly, and speaking generally, we may characterize these systems as theistic, atheistic, and pantheistic respectively. [Sidenote: The Nyaya.] It is doubtful, however, whether the earlier form of the Nyaya was theistic or not. The later form is so, but it says nothing of the moral attributes of God, nor of his government. The chief end of man, according to the Nyaya, is deliverance from pain; and this is to be attained by cessation from all action, whether good or bad. [Sidenote: The Sankhya.] The Sankhya declares matter to be self-existent and eternal.  HAVE BEEN IMMENSE MORE THAN ANY OTHER PORTION OF THE EARLIER HINDU WRITINGS THEY HAVE MORE LED THE THOUGHTS OF SUCCEEDING GENERATIONS PHILOSOPHY HAD THUS BEGUN THE SPECULATIONS OF WHICH WE SEE THE COMMENCEMENT AND PROGRESS IN THE OPENISH WERE FINALLY DEVELOPED AND CLASSIFIED IN A SERIES OF WRITINGS CALLED THE SIX TRAZRAS OR THE SONAS THESE CONSTITUTE THE REGULAR OFFICIAL PHILOSOPHY OF INDIA THEY ARE WITHOUT MUCH DIFFICULTY REDUCIBLE TO THREE LEADING SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT THE NYA THE SUNKIA AND THE WETANTA ROUNDLY AND SPEAKING GENERALLY WE MAY CHARACTERIZE THESE SYSTEMS AS THEISTIC EPHEISTIC AND PANTHEISTIC RESPECTULI IT IS DOUBTFUL HOWEVER WHETHER THE EARLIER FORM OF THE NYA WAS THEISTIC OR NOT THE LATTER FORM IS SO BUT IT SAYS NOTHING OF THE MORAL ATTRIBUTES OF GOD NOR OF HIS GOVERNMENT THE CHIEF END OF MAN ACCORDING TO THE NIEYA IS DELIVERANCE FROM PAIN AND THIS IS TO BE ATTAINED BY CESSATION FROM ALL ACTION WHETHER GOOD OR BAD THE SANKIA DECLARES MATTER TO BE SELF EXISTENT AND ETERNAL
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