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English
12430
Coincident with the development of _bhakti_ was the exaltation of the _guru_, or religious teacher, which soon amounted to deification  a change traceable from about the twelfth century A.D. [Sidenote: Explanations of Krishna's evil deeds.] When pressed on the subject of Krishna's evil deeds many are anxious to explain them as allegorical representations of the union between the divinity and true worshipers; but some interpret them in the most literal way possible. COINCIDENT WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF BATTI WAS THE EXALTATION OF THE GOROO OR RELIGIOUS TEACHER WHICH SOON AMOUNTED TO DEIFICATION A CHANGE TRACEABLE FROM ABOUT THE TWELFTH CENTURY A D WHEN PRESSED ON THE SUBJECT OF KUCHNA'S EVIL DEEDS MANY ARE ANXIOUS TO EXPLAIN THEM AS ALLEGORICAL REPRESENTATIONS OF THE UNION BETWEEN THE DIGNITY AND TRUE WORSHIPPERS BUT SOME INTERPRET THEM IN THE MOST LITERAL WAY POSSIBLE
g the followers of Chaitanya, and the large body of people in western India who style themselves _Vaishnavas_ or _Bhaktas_ (devotees). The popular poetry of Maharashtra, as exemplified in such poets as Tukarama, is an impassioned inculcation of devotion to Vithoba of Pandharpur, who is a manifestation of Krishna. Into the _bhakti_ system of western India Buddhist elements have entered; and the school of devotees is often denominated Bauddha-Vaishnava. Along with extravagant idolatry it inculcates generally, at least in the Maratha country, a pure morality; and the latter it apparently owes to Buddhism. Yet there are many sad lapses from purity. Almost of necessity the worship of Krishna led to corruption. The hymns became erotic; and movements hopeful at their commencement--like that of Chaitanya of Bengal, in the sixteenth century--soon grievously fell off in character. The attempt to make religion consist of emotion without thought, of _bhakti_ without _jnana_, had disastrous issues. N INDIA PARTICULARLY IN BENGAL AMONG THE FOLLOWERS OF CHEETANYA AND THE LARGE BODY OF PEOPLE IN WESTERN INDIA WHO STYLED THEMSELVES WEISCHNUMA'S ARE BUT THUS DEVOTEES THE POPULAR POETRY OF MAHARASTRA AS EXEMPLIFIED IN SUCH POETS AS TO KARAMA IS AN IMPASSIONED INCULCATION OF DEVOTION TO VITOBA OF PANDELPU WHO IS A MANIFESTATION OF KUSHNA INTO THE BATHEE SYSTEM OF WESTERN INDIA BUDDHIST ELEMENTS HAVE ENTERED AND THE SCHOOL OF DEVOTEES IS OFTEN DENOMINATED BOTHA WASHNNAMAN ALONG WITH EXTRAVAGANT IDOLATRY IT INCULCATES GENERALLY AT LEAST IN THE MARATA COUNTRY A PURE MORALITY AND THE LATER IT APPARENTLY OWES TO BUDDHISM YET THERE ARE MANY SAD LAPSES FROM PURITY ALMOST OF NECESSITY THE WORSHIP OF BUSHNA LED TO CORRUPTION THE HYMNS BECAME EROTIC AND MOMENTS HOPEFUL AT THEIR COMMENCEMENT LIKE THAT OF CHEITHANYA OF BENGAL IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY SOON GRIEVOUSLY FELL OFF IN CHARACTER THE ATTEMPT TO MAKE RELIGION CONSISTENT OF EMOTION WITHOUT THOUGHT OF BATHTIE WITHOUT NANA HAD DISASTROUS ISSUES
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