large/12904/worldswithinworlds_v1-3_1904_librivox_64kb_mp3/worldswithinworlds_01_asimov_64kb_246
large/12904/worldswithinworlds_v1-3_1904_librivox_64kb_mp3/worldswithinworlds_01_asimov_64kb
English
12904
Very small quantities of still a third isotope, ²¹Ne, are also present, making up 0. VERY SMALL QUANTITIES OF STILL A THIRD ISOTOPE NION TWENTY ONE ARE ALSO PRESENT MAKING UP T
 that curved in two different degrees and ended in two different places. Thomson showed, from the amount of curving, that there was a neon isotope with an atomic weight of 20 and one with an atomic weight of 22—²⁰Ne and ²²Ne. What’s more, from the intensity of darkening, it could be seen that ordinary neon was made up of atoms that were roughly 90% ²⁰Ne and 10% ²²Ne. The overall atomic weight of neon, 20.2, was the average atomic weight of these 2 isotopes. Thomson’s instrument was the first one capable of separating isotopes and such instruments came to be called “mass spectrometers”. The first to use the name was the English physicist Francis William Aston (1877-1945), who built the first efficient instrument of this type in 1919. He used it to study as many elements as he could. He and those who followed him located many isotopes and determined the frequency of their occurrence with considerable precision. It turned out, for instance, that neon is actually 90.9% ²⁰Ne, and 8.8% ²²Ne.  TWENTY AND ONE WITH AN ATOMIC WEIGHT OF TWENTY TWO NEON TWENTY AND NEON TWENTY TWO WHAT'S MORE FROM THE INTENSITY OF DARKENING IT COULD BE SEEN THAT ORDINARY NEON WAS MADE UP OF ATOMS THAT WERE ROUGHLY NINETY PER CENT NEON TWENTY AND TEN PER CENT NEON TWENTY TWO THE OVERALL ATOMIC WEIGHT OF NEON TWENTY POINT TWO WAS THE AVERAGE ATOMIC WEIGHT OF THESE TWO ISOTOPES THOMSON'S INSTRUMENT WAS THE FIRST ONE CAPABLE OF SEPARATING ISOTOPES AND SUCH INSTRUMENTS CAME TO BE CALLED MASS SPECTROMETERS THE FIRST TO USE THE NAME WAS THE ENGLISH PHYSICIST FRANCIS WILLIAM ASTON EIGHTEEN SEVENTY SEVEN NINETEEN FORTY FIVE WHO BUILT THE FIRST EFFICIENT INSTRUMENT OF THIS TYPE IN NINETEEN NINETEEN HE USED IT TO STUDY AS MANY ELEMENTS AS HE COULD HE AND THOSE WHO FOLLOWED HIM LOCATED MANY ISOTOPES AND DETERMINED THE FREQUENCY OF THEIR OCCURRENCE WITH CONSIDERABLE PRECISION IT TURNED OUT FOR INSTANCE THAT NEEON IS ACTUALLY NINETY POINT NINE PER CENT NEON TWENTY AND EIGHT POINT EIGHT PER CENT NEON TWENTY TWO
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