large/12904/worldswithinworlds_v1-3_1904_librivox_64kb_mp3/worldswithinworlds_01_asimov_64kb_222
large/12904/worldswithinworlds_v1-3_1904_librivox_64kb_mp3/worldswithinworlds_01_asimov_64kb
English
12904
The word had been suggested to him by the English scholar, William Whewell (1794 1866). THE WORD HAD BEEN SUGGESTED TO HIM BY THE ENGLISH SCHOLAR WILLIAM WHEWELL SEVENTEE
otal size of the positive charge carried by the atom. If the charge were +5, there would have to be 5 electrons present to balance that. The total charge would then be 0 and the atom as a whole would be electrically neutral. If, in such a case, an electron were removed, the atomic charge of +5 would be balanced by only 4 electrons with a total charge of -4. In that case, the net charge of the atom as a whole would be +1. On the other hand, if an extra electron were forced onto the atom, the charge of +5 would be balanced by 6 electrons with a total charge of -6, and the net charge of the atom as a whole would be -1. Such electrically charged atoms were called “ions” and their existence had been suspected since Faraday’s day. Faraday had known that atoms had to travel through a solution under the influence of an electric field to account for the way in which metals and gases appeared at the cathode and anode. It was he who first used the term, ion, from a Greek word meaning “traveller”. RIED BY THE ATOM IF THE CHARGE WERE PLUS FIVE THERE WOULD HAVE TO BE FIVE ELECTRONS PRESENT TO BALANCE THAT THE TOTAL CHARGE WOULD THEN BE ZERO AND THE ATOM AS A WHOLE WOULD BE ELECTRICALLY NEUTRAL IF IN SUCH A CASE AN ELECTRON WERE REMOVED THE ATOMIC CHARGE OF PLUS FIVE WOULD BE BALANCED BY ONLY FOUR ELECTRONS WITH A TOTAL CHARGE OF MINUS FOUR IN THAT CASE THE NET CHARGE OF THE ATOM AS A WHOLE WOULD BE PLUS ONE ON THE OTHER HAND IF AN EXTRA ELECTRON WERE FORCED INTO AN ATOM THE CHARGE OF PLUS FIVE WOULD BE BALANCED BY SIX ELECTRONS WITH A TOTAL CHARGE OF MINUS SIX AND THE NET CHARGE OF THE ATOM AS A WHOLE WOULD BE MINUS ONE SUCH ELECTRICALLY CHARGED ATOMS WERE CALLED IONS AND THEIR EXISTENCE HAD BEEN SUSPECTED SINCE FARADAY'S DAY FARADAY HAD KNOWN THAT ATOMS HAD TO TRAVEL THROUGH A SOLUTION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF AN ELECTRIC FIELD TO ACCOUNT FOR THE WAY IN WHICH METALS AND GASES APPEARED AT THE CATHODE AND ANNOED IT WAS HE WHO FIRST USED THE TERM ION FROM A GREEK WORD MEANING TRAVELER
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