large/475/federalist_papers_librivox_64kb_mp3/federalist-papers_40_64kb_38
large/475/federalist_papers_librivox_64kb_mp3/federalist-papers_40_64kb
English
475
Do these fundamental principles require, particularly, that no tax should be levied without the intermediate agency of the States? DO THESE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES REQUIRE PARTICULARLY THAT NO TAX SHOULD BE LEVIED WITHOUT THE INTERMEDIATE AGENCY OF THE STATES
new government is to be appointed by these legislatures; and under the Confederation, the delegates to Congress MAY ALL be appointed immediately by the people, and in two States(1) are actually so appointed. Do they require that the powers of the government should act on the States, and not immediately on individuals? In some instances, as has been shown, the powers of the new government will act on the States in their collective characters. In some instances, also, those of the existing government act immediately on individuals. In cases of capture; of piracy; of the post office; of coins, weights, and measures; of trade with the Indians; of claims under grants of land by different States; and, above all, in the case of trials by courts-marshal in the army and navy, by which death may be inflicted without the intervention of a jury, or even of a civil magistrate; in all these cases the powers of the Confederation operate immediately on the persons and interests of individual citizens. ERNMENT IS TO BE APPOINTED BY THESE LEGISLATURES AND UNDER THE CONFEDERATION THE DELEGATES TO CONGRESS MAY ALL BE APPOINTED IMMEDIATELY BY THE PEOPLE AND IN TWO STATES FOOTNOTE ONE CONNECTICUT AND RODYLE ARE ACTUALLY SO APPOINTED DO THEY REQUIRE THAT THE POWERS OF THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD ACT ON THE STATES AND NOT IMMEDIATELY ON INDIVIDUALS IN SOME INSTANCES AS HAS BEEN SHOWN THE POWERS OF THE NEW GOVERNMENT WILL ACT ON THE STATES IN THEIR COLLECTIVE CHARACTERS IN SOME INSTANCES ALSO THOSE OF THE EXISTING GOVERNMENT ACT IMMEDIATELY ON INDIVIDUALS IN CASES OF CAPTURE OF PIRACY OF THE POST OFFICE OF COINS WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF TRADE WITH THE INDIANS OF CLAIMS UNDER GRANTS OF LAND BY DIFFERENT STATES AND ABOVE ALL IN THE CASE OF TRIALS BY COURTS MARTIAL IN THE ARMY AND NAVY BY WHICH DEATH MAY BE INFLICTED WITHOUT THE INTERVENTION OF A JURY OR EVEN OF A CIVIL MAGISTRATE IN ALL THESE CASES THE POWERS OF THE CONFEDERATION OPERATE IMMEDIATELY ON THE PERSONS AND INTERESTS OF INDIVIDUAL CITIZENS
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