large/12904/worldswithinworlds_v1-3_1904_librivox_64kb_mp3/worldswithinworlds_01_asimov_64kb_248
large/12904/worldswithinworlds_v1-3_1904_librivox_64kb_mp3/worldswithinworlds_01_asimov_64kb
English
12904
_] This view of the cathode rays as consisting of a stream of electrically charged particles was confirmed by another English physicist, Joseph John Thomson (1856 1940). THIS VIEW OF THE CATHODE RAYS AS CONSISTING OF A STREAM OF ELECTRICALLY CHARGED PARTICLES WAS CONFIRMED BY ANOTHER ENGLISH PHYSICIST JOSEPH JOHN THOMPSON EIGHTEEN
res that usually carried it. If so, determining the nature of the cathode rays might reveal a great deal about the nature of the electric current. Were cathode rays something like light and were they made up of tiny waves? Or were they a stream of particles possessing mass? There were physicists on each side of the question. By 1885, however, the English physicist William Crookes (1832-1919) showed that cathode rays could be made to turn a small wheel when they struck that wheel on one side. This seemed to show that the cathode rays possessed mass and were a stream of atom-like particles, rather than a beam of mass-less light. Furthermore, Crookes showed that the cathode rays could be pushed sideways in the presence of a magnet. (This effect, when current flows in a wire, is what makes a motor work.) This meant that, unlike either light or ordinary atoms, the cathode rays carried an electric charge. [Illustration: _J. J. Thomson in his laboratory. On his right are early X-ray pictures. EMED MIGHT WELL BE THE ELECTRIC CURRENT ITSELF FREED FROM THE METAL WIRES THAT USUALLY CARRIED IT IF SO DETERMINING THE NATURE OF THE CATHODE RAYS MIGHT REVEAL A GREAT DEAL ABOUT THE NATURE OF THE ELECTRIC CURRENT WERE CATHODE RAYS SOMETHING LIKE LIGHT AND WERE THEY MADE UP OF TINY WAVES OR WERE THEY A STREAM OF PARTICLES POSSESSING MASS THERE WERE PHYSICISTS ON EACH SIDE OF THE QUESTION BY EIGHTEEN EIGHTY FIVE HOWEVER THE ENGLISH PHYSICIST WILLIAM CROOKS EIGHTEEN THIRTY TWO NINETEEN NINETEEN SHOWED THAT CATHODE RAYS COULD BE MADE TO TURN A SMALL WHEEL WHEN THEY STRUCK THAT WHEEL ON ONE SIDE THIS SEEMED TO SHOW THAT THE CATHODE RAYS POSSESSED MASS AND WERE A STREAM OF ATOM LIKE PARTICLES RATHER THAN A BEAM OF MASSLESS LIGHT FURTHERMORE CROOKS SHOWED THAT THE CATHODE RAYS COULD BE PUSHED SIDEWAYS IN THE PRESENCE OF A MAGNET THIS EFFECT WHEN CURRENT FLOWS IN A WIRE IS WHAT MAKES A MOTOR WORK THIS MEANT THAT UNLIKE EITHER LIGHT OR ORDINARY ATOMS THE CATHODE RAYS CARRIED AN ELECTRIC CHARGE
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