large/12344/historyteachernov1909_1807_librivox_64kb_mp3/historyteachernov1909_14_various_64kb_54
large/12344/historyteachernov1909_1807_librivox_64kb_mp3/historyteachernov1909_14_various_64kb
English
12344
With these facts in mind, not forgetful of the decided tendencies toward the formation of strong states, each sufficient unto itself, to which reference has already been made, the establishment of national churches in the sixteenth century does not impress the student as a strange phenomenon incapable of explanation. Europe at Opening of Sixteenth Century. WITH THESE FACTS IN MIND NOT FORGETFUL OF THE DECIDED TENDENCIES TOWARDS THE FORMATION OF STRONG STATES EACH SUFFICIENT UNTO ITSELF TO WHICH REFERENCE HAS ALREADY BEEN MADE THE ESTABLISHMENT OF NATIONAL CHURCHES IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY DOES NOT IMPRESS THE STUDENT AS A STRANGE PHENOMENON INCAPABLE OF EXPLANATION EUROPE AT OPENING OF SIXTEENTH CENTURY
already been discussed. Probably no set of circumstances contributed more to bring the papacy into disrepute and reduce them to the position of Italian princes forced to look after their own private affairs than the conditions which prevailed in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. The effects, then, of the residence at Avignon and the circumstances attending the return to Rome, call for special emphasis. Although the schism was healed by the Council of Constance, so little was done by this assembly and the other councils which followed it to reform the abuses which had crept into the Church, that it is not strange that the demand for a reform voiced by such men as Erasmus and Luther in the sixteenth century met with a warm reception in so many quarters. This great movement, which has been called the Protestant revolt, becomes clearer if the attention has been drawn to the teachings and work of Wycliffe and Huss, who even at this early date uttered words which were by no means lost. N STELPHN HAS ALREADY BEEN DISCUSSED PROBABLY NO SET OF CIRCUMSTANCES CONTRIBUTED MORE TO BRING THE PAPSY INTO DISREPUTE AND REDUCE THEM TO THE POSITION OF ITALIAN PRINCES FORCED TO LOOK AFTER THEIR OWN PRIVATE AFFAIRS THAN THE CONDITIONS WHICH PREVAILED IN THE FOURTEENTH AND FIFTEENTH CENTURIES THE EFFECTS THEN OF THE RESIDENCE AT AVIGNON AND THE CIRCUMSTANCES ATTENDING THE RETURN TO ROME CALL FOR SPECIAL EMPHASIS ALTHOUGH THE SCHISM WAS HEALED BY THE COUNSEL OF CONSTANCE SO LITTLE WAS DONE BY THIS ASSEMBLY AND THE OTHER COUNSELS WHICH FOLLOWED IT TO REFORM THE ABUSES WHICH HAD CREPT INTO THE CHURCH THAT IT IS NOT STRANGE THAT THE DEMAND FOR REFORM VOICED BY SUCH MEN AS ERASMUS AND LUTHER IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY MET WITH A WARM RECEPTION IN SO MANY QUARTERS THIS GREAT MOVEMENT WHICH HAS BEEN CALLED THE PROTESTANT REVOLT BECOMES CLEARER IF THE ATTENTION HAS BEEN DRAWN TO THE TEACHINGS AND WORKS OF WHITELIFE AND HUSS WHO EVEN AT THIS EARLY DATE UTTERED WORDS WHICH WERE BY NO MEANS LOST
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