44. 缔约国应确保：(a) 所有类型的监视活动和对隐私的干涉，包括出于国家安全目的的在线监视，都受完全符合《公约》特别是第十七条的适当法律管辖，包括符合合法性、相称性和必要性原则，并且国家实践也符合这些原则；(b) 监视和拦截是在司法授权以及有效和独立的监督机制下进行的；(c) 在这些做法被滥用时，受影响者有适当的机会获得有效补救。
44. The State party should ensure that: (a) all types of surveillance activities and interference with privacy, including online surveillance for the purposes of State security, are governed by appropriate legislation that is in full conformity with the Covenant, in particular article 17, including with the principles of legality, proportionality and necessity, and that State practice conforms thereto; (b) surveillance and interception is conducted subject to judicial authorization as well as effective and independent oversight mechanisms; and (c) affected persons have proper access to effective remedies in cases of abuse.