37. COVAX 机制是 ACT 加速计划的疫苗支柱。其目的是通过加快为所有国家寻找有效疫苗、支持生产能力和提前购买供应，实现全球公平获得 COVID-19 疫苗，以便到 2021 年底 20 亿剂疫苗得到公平分配。113该机制的根本目的是减轻“自筹资金”国家囤积行为的负面影响，加入 COVAX 的国家同意，在出资组的所有国家都获得足够本国 20%的人口接种的疫苗剂数之前，所接受疫苗剂数不超过本国 20%人口接种所需，并且只要求足够本国 10%至 50%的人口接种的疫苗剂数，选择接种不到 20%的国家除外。114 在这个框架内，还有一个完全独立的筹资机制，即预先市场承诺，它将为低收入国家获得 COVID-19 疫苗提供支助。115
37. The COVAX Facility is the vaccine pillar of the ACT-Accelerator. It is aimed at effecting equitable, global access to COVID-19 vaccines by speeding up the search for an effective vaccine for all countries, supporting manufacturing capabilities and buying supply in advance, so that 2 billion doses can be fairly distributed by the end of 2021.113 Essentially aimed at mitigating the negative effects of hoarding by “self-financing” States, the States that have joined COVAX have agreed not to receive enough doses to vaccinate more than 20 per cent of their respective populations until all countries in the financing group have been offered that amount and to only request enough doses to vaccinate between 10 and 50 per cent of their populations, with the exception of those countries that have opted to receive fewer than 20 per cent.