38. 尽管从全球到地方各级采取了广泛措施，但似乎完全缺乏监督，也鲜有机制填补空白，促进采取以法治和人权为基础的方法防止和打击暴力极端主义。如特别报告员所指出，83 全球和区域推进防止和打击暴力极端主义的工作属于“软性法律”规制范畴，几乎不存在有意义的监督，也几乎没有在制定或实施中的人权评估或基准。在国内，许多防止和打击暴力极端主义的措施也是“软性法律”性质，意味着这类措施不受议会或公众监督，也没有分配专项预算，使得基于人权的预算分析颇具挑战。在全球层面，因适用旨在防止和打击暴力极端主义的措施和政策而发生侵犯人权的指控时，很少或根本没有问责机制、求助渠道或有效可得的补救办法。
38. Despite the web of measures adopted, from the global to local levels, there appears to be a complete lack of oversight and very few mechanisms to address the lacunae and promote a rule of law and human rights-based approach to preventing and countering violent extremism. As the Special Rapporteur has noted, 83 global and regional advancement of preventing and countering violent extremism falls under a “soft law” rubric, with little meaningful oversight and virtually no human rights assessment or benchmarking in creation or implementation. Domestically, many of the measures to prevent and counter violent extremism are also “soft law”, meaning that they are not subjected to parliamentary or public scrutiny, nor is there a specific budget allocated, making human rights-based budget analysis challenging. Globally, there are little to no accountability mechanisms, recourse or effective and accessible remedies where allegations of human rights violations have occurred as a result of the application of measures and policies aimed at preventing and countering violent extremism.