年移民比例(22%)明显高于发达地区(不足 10%)。1 同一年，儿童和青少年占难民总人数的一半以上；孤身或失散儿童提交了 10 万多份庇护申请。2 在出生国以外的儿童和青少年三个有一个是难民；联合国难民事务高级专员办事处(难民署)负责照料的成人所占比例不到 20 分之一。3 无人陪伴移民儿童和青少年是一个特别脆弱的群体，因为他们具有未成年人和移民的双重身份，不仅需要给予他们特别保护，同时因为他们在迁徙路上各种基本权利不可避免地遭受严重侵害。1 联合国经济和社会事务部，人口司(2016 年)，《2015 年国际移民报告：要点》，第 9 页。2 资料来源：负责暴力侵害儿童问题的秘书长特别代表办公室提供给咨询委员会的资料，2017年 2 月 24 日。3 儿童基金会，“背井离乡：日益加剧的难民和移民儿童危机”(纽约，2016 年)，第 6 页。
In the same year, children and adolescents constituted more than half of the total refugee population; and more than 100,000 asylum claims were lodged by unaccompanied or separated children. 2 Nearly one in three children and adolescents living outside their country of birth is a refugee; for adults, the proportion coming under the mandate of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) is less than 1 in 20.3 Unaccompanied migrant children and adolescents are a particularly vulnerable group because of their double 1 United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2016), International Migration Report 2015: Highlights, p. 9. 2 Source: information provided by the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Violence against Children to the Advisory Committee, 24 February 2017. 3 UNICEF, Uprooted: the Growing Crisis for Refugee and Migrant Children (New York, 2016), p. 6. status as minors, which requires special protection, and as migrants, which exposesthem to all kinds of serious breaches of their fundamental rights.