6. 关于核武器对不同性别的影响的问题，最初启发我们进行这项工作的，是核信息和资源服务组织的 Mary Olson 在 2014 年 12 月举行的核武器的人道主义影响问题维也纳会议上所作的演讲。2Olson 女士的这项工作，以及她后来在 2015 年审议会议的一项会外活动中所作的演讲，证实了有明确科学证据表明，电离辐射对男女产生的影响是不同的。国际法和政策研究所及联合国裁军研究所为维也纳会议制作的一篇由 A.G. Dimmen 撰写的关于对不同性别影响的论文，也突出了这个重要的议题。3 爆炸一个或多个核武器固然会造成大规模死亡，人人受伤害，然而有明确证据显示，从较长期来看，在遭受到核爆炸发出的电离辐射的人当中，妇女和女童罹患癌症的风险远远高于男子或男童。这种女性比男性更易受到伤害的情况，无论最终确定的生物学原因是什么，目前的证据是确凿无疑的。对广岛和长崎幸存者进行的一项纵向研究发现，女性因电离辐射而罹患和死于癌症的风险几乎是男性的两倍。
6. With regard to the question of the gendered impact of nuclear weapons, our original inspiration for this work comes from the presentation made by Mary Olson, of the Nuclear Information and Resource Service, to the Vienna Conference on the Humanitarian Impact of Nuclear Weapons in December 2014. 2 In this work, and in a subsequent presentation made at a side event of the 2015 Review Conference, Ms Olson demonstrates the clear scientific evidence showing that ionizing radiation does not affect men and women equally. A paper by A.G Dimmen on gendered impacts, prepared by the International Law and Policy Institute and the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research for the Vienna Conference, has also highlighted this important topic.3 While the detonation of one or more nuclear weapons would cause death on a massive scale and injury to all, the evidence is clear that, over the longer term, of those who are exposed to ionizing radiation from such a detonation, women and girls have a far higher risk of developing cancer than men or boys. Whatever the ultimate biological cause for this greater susceptibility, the evidence is unambiguous. In a longitudinal study of survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the risk of developing and dying from cancer due to ionizing radiation was almost twice as high for women as for men.