31.118 在指挥系统的最高层审查责任并确保问责，以此打击侵权和犯罪行为，包括法外处决、任意拘留和酷刑有罪不罚的现象(加拿大)；
31.118 Combat impunity for violations and crimes, including extrajudicial executions, arbitrary detention and torture, by examining responsibility and ensuring accountability at the highest levels of the chain of command (Canada);