15. 在发展中国家，特别是在农村和偏远地区以及城市贫民窟，普遍缺乏与清洁能源、水和卫生设施有关的基础设施，这增加了无偿照护和家务劳动的艰辛和枯燥，并对妇女和女童的时间、健康和福祉造成很大损失。2015 年，21 亿人无法获得安全管理的饮用水。无法在住所取水的家庭中，80%是由妇女和女童负责取水。由于烹饪和取暖时使用不清洁燃料和低效技术，导致家中空气污染，而由此造成的过早死亡中，10 人中 6 人是妇女和女童。投资于这些领域可以带来时间的节省、健康惠益并提高妇女有偿和无酬工作的生产率。
15. The widespread lack of infrastructure related to clean energy, water and sanitation in developing countries, in particular in rural and remote areas and in urban slums, increases the drudgery of unpaid care and domestic work and exacts a high toll on women’s and girls’ time, health and well-being. In 2015, 2.1 billion people lacked access to safely managed drinking water. Women and girls are responsible for water collection in 80 per cent of households without access to water on premises. Women and girls also account for 6 of every 10 premature deaths that are attributed to household air pollution, owing to the use of unclean fuels and inefficient technologies in cooking and heating. Investments across those areas can generate time savings, health benefits and productivity gains in women’s paid and unpaid work.