84 A/HRC/39/CRP.5，第 102 段。85 《日内瓦第三公约》，第十二条第(二)和第(三)款；《日内瓦第四公约》，第四十五条。止将他们强行移送至被占领土以外。86 国际人权法中的不推回原则同样适用于向另一国当局所作的此类移送。27. 虽然国际人道主义法中没有关于在非国际武装冲突中移送被拘留者的具体规则，87 但此类移送须遵守不推回的一般原则。因此，移送国有义务对不可弥补的伤害的相关风险进行评估，并在确实存在风险的情况下，充分处理和减轻这种风险。88 当风险评估表明移送会违反不推回原则时，实施域外拘留的国家必须采用其他适当法律依据拘留此人或释放此人。8928. 实际上，虽然规定了这些义务，但还是有被拘留者被移送的情况发生。在某些情况下，占领国将被保护人移送至被占领土以外拘留。90 在另一些情况下，被拘留者被移送至另一个拘留当局拘押，但没有采取充分步骤确保其人权随后不会受到侵犯。91 因此，被拘留者在被移送之前可能没有适当的机会表达他们对伤害的实际风险的看法，而且移送国可能也没有意识到这种风险。在某些情况下，这种情况发生在国家立即移交被拘留者之时，尽管不推回原则适用于国家行为体实施的所有拘留，包括短期拘留。92
90 In other instances, detainees have been transferred to thecustody of another detaining authority without sufficient steps to ensure that they will not subsequently be subjected to violations of their human rights.91 Consequently, detainees may not have been afforded due opportunity to express their views as to the real risks of harm before they were transferred, and transferring States may have been unaware of such risks. In some cases, this has occurred when States conducted immediate handovers of detainees, notwithstanding that the principle of non-refoulement applies to all detentions undertaken by State actors, including detention of short duration.