43. 尽管“十年”取得了很多积极成果，但仍有许多工作要做。秘书长关于实现可持续发展目标进展情况的报告(E/2016/75)指出，在 2015 年，估计仍有 6.63 亿人在使用未经改善的水源或地表水；在 2012 年，估计至少有 18 亿人曝露于受到污染的饮用水。2015 年，有 24 亿人仍在使用未经改良的卫生设施；其中有 9.46亿人没有任何设施，继续露天便溺。对排泄物和废水的不安全管理继续对公共卫生和环境造成重大风险。在合作方面，永远存在改进的余地。不仅在跨界水域问题上的国家合作是如此，国家各部委之间的合作以及实施水资源综合管理方面的合作也是如此。水资源综合管理在大多数国家处于发展中，但仍要求取得显著进展。在水资源的可持续管理方面，妇女和利益攸关方的参与仍然远未达到应有的水平；享有安全和清洁饮用水和卫生设施的人权在大多数国家仍然远未实现。“十年”是成功的，但也提醒我们仍然任重而道远。
43. Notwithstanding all the positive outcomes of the Decade, there is still much work to be done. In the report of the Secretary-General on progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (E/2016/75), it is stated that an estimated 663 million people in 2015 were still using unimproved sources or surface water and that in 2012 it was estimated that at least 1.8 billion people were exposed to contaminated drinking water. In 2015, about 2.4 billion people were still using an unimproved sanitation facility; among them were 946 million people without any facilities at all, who continued to practise open defecation. The unsafe management of faecal waste and wastewater continues to pose a major risk to public health and the environment. There is always room for improvement on cooperation. This is the case for cooperation not only of countries on the issue of transboundary waters, but also between ministries at the national level, as well as for cooperation on the implementation of integrated water resources management, which is in the process of development in most countries, but still calls for a high degree of progress. The level of participation of women and stakeholders is still far from what it should be with regard to the sustainable management of water resources; and the human right to safe and clean drinking water and sanitation is still far from realization in a majority of countries. The Decade has been a success, but it also offers a reminder of how much work there remains to be done.