40. 缔约国应采取一切必要措施，在法律和实践中保障司法机关的充分独立性，包括：(a) 审查总统在法官的遴选、任命、连任、晋升和解职方面的作用；(b) 考虑设立一个独立机构来管理司法遴选过程；(c) 保障法官的任期安全。缔约国还应确保被告获得所有公平审判保障，包括无罪推定，并应停止上文第 39(a)段提到的做法。
40. The State party should take all measures necessary to safeguard, in law and in practice, the full independence of the judiciary, including by: (a) reviewing the role of the President in the selection, appointment, reappointment, promotion and dismissal of judges; (b) considering establishing an independent body to govern the judicial selection process; and (c) guaranteeing judges’ security of tenure. The State party should also ensure that defendants are afforded all fair trial guarantees, including the presumption of innocence, and should discontinue the practices referred to in paragraph 39 (a) above.