(a) 如果一个细胞受到辐照后存活下来，它可能会产生子细胞，这些子细胞经过世代繁殖，发生变化的基因组日益增多，尽管子细胞本身并未受到照射。这种效应称为“诱发产生的基因组不稳定性”。子细胞基因组的变化可包括染色体变化、染色体数量的变化、基因和其他脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）序列突变，以及通过子细胞复制产生的后来细胞的数量减少；
(a) If a single cell is irradiated and survives, it may produce daughter cells that over generations have increasing numbers of alterations in their genomes, even though the daughter cells themselves were not irradiated. This effect is termed “induced genomic instability”. The alterations in the genomes of the daughter cells can include alterations in their chromosomes, changes in the numbers of their chromosomes, mutation of their genes and other deozyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences and a reduction in the number of subsequent cells generated through daughter cell replication;