78. 该《移民法》的规定似乎违背了国际法的这些要求，因为其第 189 (1)和 189 (3)条规定事实上强制拘留所有非法的非公民，除非他们被驱逐出境或获得签证。此外，工作组认为，该法没有反映国际法承认的移民背景下的拘留例外原则，它也没有规定拘留的替代办法，以满足相称性的要求。21
78. The provisions of the Migration Act appear to be contrary to these requirements of international law since its sections 189 (1) and 189 (3) provide for the de facto mandatory detention of all unlawful non-citizens unless they are removed from the country or granted a visa. Furthermore, the Working Group observes that the Act does not reflect the principle of exceptionality of detention in the context of migration as recognized in international law; nor does it provide for alternatives to detention to meet the requirement of proportionality.21