41. 从道德角度而言更有问题的是，将防止和打击暴力极端主义的方案宣传为旨在增强妇女权能或是造福妇女的技能培训，隐瞒参与背后的安全理由，最终让任何可信的评估都变得毫无价值。同样，通过旨在防止和打击暴力极端主义的方案和政策，将妇女作为母亲、妻子和姐妹设定为社区中男子和男童的看家人，也带有明显的父权色彩。一些评论员强调指出了妇女和女童在被定为此类政策的前线接受对象时所面临的风险，特别是在这种政策要务被视为强国的外交政策偏好的情况下。在高度复杂、社会保守和不稳定的环境中，妇女越来越多地被置于防止和打击暴力极端主义行动前线这种不值得羡慕的位置。如今，这种入侵行为也常见于生活最私密的地方，如医生办公室、教室、家事法庭、母婴中心和家庭生活等，已正式构成侵犯国际法所保护的隐私权、家庭生活权、教育权和健康权的行为。88 据妇女领导的非政府组织报告，在多个脆弱和受冲突影响的环境中，资金来源都与防止和打击暴力极端主义的方案挂钩。损害妇女和女童的最基本权利(生命和安全)，不应成为在有滋生恐怖主义风险的边缘社区进行广泛的经济、社会和政治改革的间接后果。89
41. It is all the more ethically problematic when programming aimed at the prevention and countering of violent extremism is advertised as being for the empowerment of women or as being skills training that benefits women, hiding the security rationale driving the engagement and ultimately making any credible evaluation valueless. Equally, there is a distinctly patriarchal element to making women the gatekeepers to the men and boys in their communities – as mothers, wives and sisters – through programming and policies aimed at the prevention and countering of violent extremism. A number of commentators have underscored the risks faced by women and girls when they are made the frontline recipients of such policies, particularly when such policy imperatives are viewed as the foreign policy preferences of powerful States. Increasingly, in highly complex, socially conservative and unstable environments, women are placed in the unenviable position of the frontline delivery of efforts aimed at preventing and countering violent extremism. Such intrusions are now also regularly found in the most intimate parts of life – doctors’ offices, classrooms, family courts, mother and baby centres and family life – formally constituting violations of the rights to privacy, family life, education and health, protected by international law.88 Women-led non-governmental organizations report that funding sources in multiple fragile and conflict-affected environments are tied to programming related to preventing and countering violent extremism. Compromising the most fundamental rights of women and girls (life and security) should not be a placeholder for broader economic, social and political reform in marginal communities that are at risk of producing terrorism.89