30. 2020 年 3 月，两个东亚国家停止出口大米。此后不久，两个东欧国家停止出口小麦。类似地，“在全球范围内，(至少)有二十几个国家有样学样，开始囤积用于出口的粮食初级商品，因为他们错误地预判在无情的 COVID-19 大流行中会出现全球粮食短缺。总体而言，[至少]有十七个主要粮食供应国在疫情爆发的前几周对农产品出口施加了某种形式的限制”。96 令人欣慰的是，这些国家很快撤销了指令，这帮助确保了全球粮食价格不会像 2007 年和 2008 年全球金融危机期间那样飙升。这些事件提醒我们注意粮食过度商品化的陷阱，以及重新思考经济发展模式的必要性。9731. 2020 年 4 月，来自两个西欧国家的政治人士指控一个强大的北美国家没收了一个欧洲国家已经付款的数千个防护口罩，称其为“现代海盗行为”。98 这些
30. In March 2020, two East Asian States stopped rice exports. Shortly thereafter, two Eastern European States stopped wheat exports. Similarly, “around the world, [at least] two dozen nations took the cue and started hoarding their primary food exports in false anticipation of global shortages amid the unrelenting COVID-19 pandemic. In total, [at least] 17 major food supply nations placed some form of constraint on agricultural exports in the early weeks of the pandemic.”96 Thankfully, those States quickly rescinded their directives, which helped to ensure that global food prices did not spike, as happened in 2007 and 2008