33. 为应对我在上次报告(S/2019/711)中提出的改善主要行为体之间信息共享的迫切需要，加强预防能力，毒品和犯罪问题办公室开设了联合国偷运移民观察站，最初为期两年。观察站将监测西非和北非偷运移民的趋势和路线，利比亚则是重要的目的地国和主要过境枢纽。观察站旨在提供关于移民偷运者作案手法的证据；偷运路线；使用偷运服务的人力成本，例如绑架勒索的风险；提高人们对移民路线危险的认识。自 2019 年年中以来，毒品和犯罪问题办公室一直通过在该区域原籍国、过境国和目的地国的实地工作，与流动人口、执法人员、民间社会和其他主要行为体一起收集初步信息和数据。除此之外，还在原籍国进行定期调查，重点是潜在移民的行程规划和与移民偷运者的潜在接触。
33. In response to the urgent need identified in my previous report (S/2019/711) for improved information-sharing between key actors to enhance preventive capacity, UNODC launched a United Nations observatory on the smuggling of migrants for an initial period of two years. The observatory will monitor trends in and routes for the smuggling of migrants in West and North Africa, with Libya as an important destination country and key transit hub. The observatory will aim to provide evidence of the modus operandi of migrant smugglers, smuggling routes and the human cost of using smuggling services, such as the risk of kidnapping for extortion, and to raise awareness of the dangers along migration routes. Since mid-2019, UNODC has been gathering initial information and data through fieldwork in origin, transit and destination countries in the region, in cooperation with people on the move, law enforcement bodies, civil society and other key actors. This work has been complemented by regular surveys in origin countries focusing on journey planning by prospective migrants and potential engagement with migrant smugglers.