23. 特别报告员认识到，存在大量防止和打击暴力极端主义的方案以及或旧或新的法律和政策措施。这些方案、法律和政策措施包括各国政府、民间社会和国际组织制定的国家、区域和地方各级方案和行动计划，以及涵盖一系列领域的能力建设方案和技术援助。这些领域包括极端主义驱动因素、青年、教育、离队作战人员和回返者重返社会、媒体、监狱去激进化方案以及针对不同性别特别是与妇女的互动协作。防止和打击暴力极端主义的措施牵涉到学校、卫生服务部门、监狱、当地社区、宗教场所和宗教领袖以及执法部门。特别报告员着重指出这方面一些令人担忧的趋势，每一种趋势都值得进行审慎、深入、注重人权的分析和评估。
23. The Special Rapporteur recognizes the existence of a broad range of programmes and entrenched and emerging legal and policy measures to prevent and counter violent extremism. They include programmes and plans of actions at the national, regional and local levels, which are developed by Governments, civil society and international organizations, and capacity-building programmes and technical assistance across a range of sectors, such as drivers of extremism, youth, education, the reintegration of disengaged fighters and returnees, the media, de-radicalization programmes in prisons, as well as gender-specific engagement, in particular with women. Measures to prevent and counter violent extremism involve schools, health services, prisons, local communities, religious centres and leaders and law enforcement. The Special Rapporteur highlights some of the main worrying trends across the sector, each of which would benefit from considered and in-depth human rights-centred analysis and assessment.