who introduced the use of intervening variables into psychology
Edward C. Tolman Tolman's theoretical model was described in his paper "The Determiners of Behavior at a Choice Point".[15] The three different variables that influence behavior are: independent, intervening, and dependent variables. The experimenter can manipulate the independent variables; these independent variables (e.g., stimuli provided) in turn influence the intervening variables (e.g., motor skill, appetite).[15] Independent variables are also factors of the subject that the experimenter specifically chooses for. The dependent variables (e.g., speed, number of errors) allows the psychologist to measure the strength of the intervening variables.[15]