what led to the ottoman military decline of the nineteenth century
Decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire The military of the Ottoman Empire remained an effective fighting force until the second half of the eighteenth century, when it suffered a catastrophic defeat against Russia in the 1768-74 war.[2] Selim III came to the throne with an ambitious effort in military reforms in 1789. He failed. Selim III was replaced by Mahmud II in 1808 who established martial law of Alemdar Mustafa Pasha. His first task was to ally with the Janissaries in order to break the power of the provincial governors. He then turned on the Janissaries and removed them from power during Auspicious Incident in 1826. Efforts for a new system (1826–1858) began following the Auspicious incident.