The 14th century was a terrible time in Provence, and all of Europe: the population of Provence had been about 400,000 people; the Black Plague (1348–1350) killed fifteen thousand people in Arles, half the population of the city, and greatly reduced the population of the whole region.
14. sajand oli kohutav aeg Provence'is ja kogu Euroopas: Provence'i rahvastik oli olnud umbes 400 000 inimest, Must Surm (1348–1350) tappis 15 000 inimest Arles'is, poole linnarahvast, ja vähendas suuresti kogu piirkonna rahvastikku.