While there were great differences between the northern and southern parts of the kingdom there were equally important differences depending on the distance of mountains: mainly the Alps, the Pyrenees and the Massif Central.
Kuigi kuningriigi põhja- ja lõunapoolsete osade vahel olid suured erinevused, olid võrdselt tähtsad erinevused ka olenevalt kaugusest mägedest: peamiselt Alpidest, Püreneedest ja Keskmassiivist.