It is quite possible that even as late as the twelfth century, Cumbric (a Brythonic language related to Welsh) was still spoken in Annandale and lower Strathnith (where a man called Gille Cuithbrecht has the Gaelic nickname Bretnach ), but these areas seem to have been thoroughly Gaelicised by the end of that century.
É bastante posíbel que mesmo nunha data tan tardía como no século XII o cúmbrico (unha lingua britónica relacionada co galés) se falase aínda en Annandale e baixo Strathnith (onde un home chamado Gille Cuithbrecht tiña o alcuño gaélico Bretnach ), pero estas áreas parece que se gaelicizaron ao final dese século.