Reviewing the history of macroevolutionary theories, the American evolutionary biologist Douglas J. Futuyma notes that since 1970, two very different alternatives to Darwinian gradualism have been proposed, both by Stephen Jay Gould: mutationism, and punctuated equilibria.
Revisando a historia das teorías macroevolutivas, os biólogos evolutivos norteamericanos Douglas J. Futuyma fixeron notar que desde 1970 se propuxeron dúas alternativas moi diferentes ao gradualismo darwinista, ambas por Stephen Jay Gould: mutacionismo, e equilibrio interrompido.