He directed the National Library of Spain from 1999 to 2001, and then left that position to direct the Cervantes Institute until his replacement after the Socialist triumph of March 14, 2004.
Dirixiu a Biblioteca Nacional de España (1999-2001), cargo que abandonou para dirixir o Instituto Cervantes (2001-2004) até a súa substitución, tras o triunfo socialista do 14 de marzo de 2004.