Several groups have identified ways to induce IL-17 production both in vitro and in vivo by distinct cytokines, called TGF-β and IL-6, without the need for IL-23.
Varios grupos identificaron vías para inducir a produción de IL-17 tanto in vitro coma in vivo por distintas citocinas, chamadas TGF-β e IL-6, sen que houbese necesidade de IL-23.