Approach to adaptive neural net-based H/sub infinity / control design

Abstract: An approach is investigated for the adaptive neural net-based H/sub infinity / control design of a class of nonlinear uncertain systems. In the proposed framework, two multilayer feedforward neural networks are constructed as an alternative to approximate the nonlinear system. The neural networks are piecewisely interpolated to generate a linear differential inclusion model by which a linear state feedback H/sub infinity / control law can be applied. An adaptive weight adjustment mechanism for the multilayer feedforward neural networks is developed to ensure H/sub infinity / regulation performance. It is shown that finding the control gain matrices can be transformed into a standard linear matrix inequality problem and solved via a developed recurrent neural network

approach to adapt neural net-bas h / sub infin / control design
 an approach is investig for the adapt neural net-bas h / sub infin / control design of a class of nonlinear uncertain system . in the propos framework , two multilay feedforward neural network are construct as an altern to approxim the nonlinear system . the neural network are piecewis interpol to gener a linear differenti inclus model by which a linear state feedback h / sub infin / control law can be appli . an adapt weight adjust mechan for the multilay feedforward neural network is develop to ensur h / sub infin / regul perform . it is shown that find the control gain matric can be transform into a standard linear matrix inequ problem and solv via a develop recurr neural network


Feldkamp-type image reconstruction from equiangular data

Abstract: The cone-beam approach for image reconstruction attracts increasing attention in various applications, especially medical imaging. Previously, the traditional practical cone-beam reconstruction method, the Feldkamp algorithm, was generalized into the case of spiral/helical scanning loci with equispatial cone-beam projection data. In this paper, we formulated the generalized Feldkamp algorithm in the case of equiangular cone-beam projection data, and performed numerical simulation to evaluate the image quality. Because medical multi-slice/cone-beam CT scanners typically use equiangular projection data, our new formula may be useful in this area as a framework for further refinement and a benchmark for comparison

feldkamp-typ imag reconstruct from equiangular data
 the cone-beam approach for imag reconstruct attract increas attent in variou applic , especi medic imag . previous , the tradit practic cone-beam reconstruct method , the feldkamp algorithm , wa gener into the case of spiral / helic scan loci with equispati cone-beam project data . in thi paper , we formul the gener feldkamp algorithm in the case of equiangular cone-beam project data , and perform numer simul to evalu the imag qualiti . becaus medic multi-slic / cone-beam ct scanner typic use equiangular project data , our new formula may be use in thi area as a framework for further refin and a benchmark for comparison


An algorithm combining neural networks with fundamental parameters

Abstract: An algorithm combining neural networks with the fundamental parameters equations (NNFP) is proposed for making corrections for non-linear matrix effects in x-ray fluorescence analysis. In the algorithm, neural networks were applied to relate the concentrations of components to both the measured intensities and the relative theoretical intensities calculated by the fundamental parameter equations. The NNFP algorithm is compared with the classical theoretical correction models, including the fundamental parameters approach, the Lachance-Traill model, a hyperbolic function model and the COLA algorithm. For an alloy system with 15 measured elements, in most cases, the prediction errors of the NNFP algorithm are lower than those of the fundamental parameters approach, the Lachance-Traill model, the hyperbolic function model and the COLA algorithm separately. If there are the serious matrix effects, such as matrix effects among Cr, Fe and Ni, the NNFP algorithm generally decreased predictive errors as compared with the classical models, except for the case of Cr by the fundamental parameters approach. The main reason why the NNFP algorithm has generally a better predictive ability than the classical theoretical correction models might be that neural networks can better calibrate the non-linear matrix effects in a complex multivariate system

an algorithm combin neural network with fundament paramet
 an algorithm combin neural network with the fundament paramet equat ( nnfp ) is propos for make correct for non-linear matrix effect in x-ray fluoresc analysi . in the algorithm , neural network were appli to relat the concentr of compon to both the measur intens and the rel theoret intens calcul by the fundament paramet equat . the nnfp algorithm is compar with the classic theoret correct model , includ the fundament paramet approach , the lachance-trail model , a hyperbol function model and the cola algorithm . for an alloy system with 15 measur element , in most case , the predict error of the nnfp algorithm are lower than those of the fundament paramet approach , the lachance-trail model , the hyperbol function model and the cola algorithm separ . if there are the seriou matrix effect , such as matrix effect among cr , fe and ni , the nnfp algorithm gener decreas predict error as compar with the classic model , except for the case of cr by the fundament paramet approach . the main reason whi the nnfp algorithm ha gener a better predict abil than the classic theoret correct model might be that neural network can better calibr the non-linear matrix effect in a complex multivari system

algorithm
neural networks
fundamental parameters
fundamental parameters equations
Fe
x-ray fluorescence analysis
intensities
NNFP algorithm
theoretical correction models
Lachance-Traill model
hyperbolic function model
COLA algorithm
alloy system
Cr
Ni
complex multivariate system
nonlinear matrix effects


Estimation of an N-L-N Hammerstein-Wiener model

Abstract: Estimation of a single-input single-output block-oriented model is studied. The model consists of a linear block embedded between two static nonlinear gains. Hence, it is called an N-L-N Hammerstein-Wiener model. First, the model structure is motivated and the disturbance model is discussed. The paper then concentrates on parameter estimation. A relaxation iteration scheme is proposed by making use of a model structure in which the error is bilinear-in-parameters. This leads to a simple algorithm which minimizes the original loss function. The convergence and consistency of the algorithm are studied. In order to reduce the variance error, the obtained linear model is further reduced using frequency weighted model reduction. A simulation study is used to illustrate the method

estim of an n-l-n hammerstein-wien model
 estim of a single-input single-output block-ori model is studi . the model consist of a linear block embed between two static nonlinear gain . henc , it is call an n-l-n hammerstein-wien model . first , the model structur is motiv and the disturb model is discuss . the paper then concentr on paramet estim . a relax iter scheme is propos by make use of a model structur in which the error is bilinear-in-paramet . thi lead to a simpl algorithm which minim the origin loss function . the converg and consist of the algorithm are studi . in order to reduc the varianc error , the obtain linear model is further reduc use frequenc weight model reduct . a simul studi is use to illustr the method


Quantitative analysis of reconstructed 3-D coronary arterial tree and intracoronary devices

Abstract: Traditional quantitative coronary angiography is performed on two-dimensional (2-D) projection views. These views are chosen by the angiographer to minimize vessel overlap and foreshortening. With 2-D projection views that are acquired in this nonstandardized fashion, however, there is no way to know or estimate how much error occurs in the QCA process. Furthermore, coronary arteries possess a curvilinear shape and undergo a cyclical deformation due to their attachment to the myocardium. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain three-dimensional (3-D) information to best describe and quantify the dynamic curvilinear nature of the human coronary artery. Using a patient-specific 3-D coronary reconstruction algorithm and routine angiographic images, a new technique is proposed to describe: (1) the curvilinear nature of 3-D coronary arteries and intracoronary devices; (2) the magnitude of the arterial deformation caused by intracoronary devices and due to heart motion; and (3) optimal view(s) with respect to the desired "pathway" for delivering intracoronary devices

quantit analysi of reconstruct 3-d coronari arteri tree and intracoronari devic
 tradit quantit coronari angiographi is perform on two-dimension ( 2-d ) project view . these view are chosen by the angiograph to minim vessel overlap and foreshorten . with 2-d project view that are acquir in thi nonstandard fashion , howev , there is no way to know or estim how much error occur in the qca process . furthermor , coronari arteri possess a curvilinear shape and undergo a cyclic deform due to their attach to the myocardium . therefor , it is necessari to obtain three-dimension ( 3-d ) inform to best describ and quantifi the dynam curvilinear natur of the human coronari arteri . use a patient-specif 3-d coronari reconstruct algorithm and routin angiograph imag , a new techniqu is propos to describ : ( 1 ) the curvilinear natur of 3-d coronari arteri and intracoronari devic ; ( 2 ) the magnitud of the arteri deform caus by intracoronari devic and due to heart motion ; and ( 3 ) optim view( ) with respect to the desir " pathway " for deliv intracoronari devic

dynamic curvilinear nature quantification


Adaptive stabilization of undamped flexible structures

Abstract: In the paper non-identifier-based adaptive stabilization of undamped flexible structures is considered in the case of collocated input and output operators. The systems have poles and zeros on the imaginary axis. In the case where velocity feedback is available, the adaptive stabilizer is constructed by an adaptive PD-controller (proportional plus derivative controller). In the case where only position feedback is available, the adaptive stabilizer is constructed by an adaptive P-controller for the augmented system which consists of the controlled system and a parallel compensator. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed controllers

adapt stabil of undamp flexibl structur
 in the paper non-identifier-bas adapt stabil of undamp flexibl structur is consid in the case of colloc input and output oper . the system have pole and zero on the imaginari axi . in the case where veloc feedback is avail , the adapt stabil is construct by an adapt pd-control ( proport plu deriv control ) . in the case where onli posit feedback is avail , the adapt stabil is construct by an adapt p-control for the augment system which consist of the control system and a parallel compens . numer exampl are given to illustr the effect of the propos control

adaptive stabilization
undamped flexible structures
poles and zeros
imaginary axis
velocity feedback
adaptive PD-controller
proportional plus derivative controller
position feedback
adaptive P-controller
augmented system
parallel compensator


Distribution software: ROI is king

Abstract: Middle-market accounting software vendors are taking to the open road, by way of souped-up distribution suites that can track product as it wends its way from warehouse floor to customer site. Integration provides efficiencies, and cost savings

distribut softwar : roi is king
 middle-market account softwar vendor are take to the open road , by way of souped-up distribut suit that can track product as it wend it way from warehous floor to custom site . integr provid effici , and cost save

distribution
accounting software
warehouse management


Input-output based pole-placement controller for a class of time-delay systems

Abstract: A controller structure valid for SISO plants involving both internal and external point delays is presented. The control signal is based only on the input and output plant signals. The controller allows finite or infinite spectrum assignment. The most important feature of the proposed controller is that it only involves the use of a class of point-delayed signals. Thus the controller synthesis involves less computational cost than former methods. Since the plant control input is generated by filtering the input and output plant signals, this controller structure is potentially applicable to the adaptive case of unknown plant parameters

input-output base pole-plac control for a class of time-delay system
 a control structur valid for siso plant involv both intern and extern point delay is present . the control signal is base onli on the input and output plant signal . the control allow finit or infinit spectrum assign . the most import featur of the propos control is that it onli involv the use of a class of point-delay signal . thu the control synthesi involv less comput cost than former method . sinc the plant control input is gener by filter the input and output plant signal , thi control structur is potenti applic to the adapt case of unknown plant paramet

input-output based pole-placement controller


A parareal in time procedure for the control of partial differential equations

Abstract: We have proposed in a previous note a time discretization for partial differential evolution equation that allows for parallel implementations. This scheme is here reinterpreted as a preconditioning procedure on an algebraic setting of the time discretization. This allows for extending the parallel methodology to the problem of optimal control for partial differential equations. We report a first numerical implementation that reveals a large interest

a parar in time procedur for the control of partial differenti equat
 we have propos in a previou note a time discret for partial differenti evolut equat that allow for parallel implement . thi scheme is here reinterpret as a precondit procedur on an algebra set of the time discret . thi allow for extend the parallel methodolog to the problem of optim control for partial differenti equat . we report a first numer implement that reveal a larg interest

time procedure
time discretization
evolution equation
preconditioning procedure
algebraic setting
optimal control
partial differential equation control
Hilbert space


Becoming a chief librarian: an analysis of transition stages in academic library leadership

Abstract: The author explores how the four-part model of transition cycles identified by Nicholson and West (1988) applies to becoming a chief librarian of an academic library. The four stages: preparation, encounter, adjustment, and stabilization, are considered from the micro-, mezzo-, and macrolevels of the organization, as well as for their psychological and social impact on the new job incumbent. An instrument for assessment of transitional success which could be administered in the adjustment or stabilization stage is considered

becom a chief librarian : an analysi of transit stage in academ librari leadership
 the author explor how the four-part model of transit cycl identifi by nicholson and west ( 1988 ) appli to becom a chief librarian of an academ librari . the four stage : prepar , encount , adjust , and stabil , are consid from the micro- , mezzo- , and macrolevel of the organ , as well as for their psycholog and social impact on the new job incumb . an instrument for assess of transit success which could be administ in the adjust or stabil stage is consid

chief librarian
transition stages
academic library leadership
organization
social impact
job
psychological impact
transition cycles model


A VMEbus interface for multi-detector trigger and control system

Abstract: MUSE (MUltiplicity SElector) is the trigger and control system of CHIMERA, a 4 pi charged particle detector. Initialization of MUSE can be performed via VMEbus. This paper describes the design of VMEbus interface and functional module in MUSE, and briefly discusses an application of MUSE

a vmebu interfac for multi-detector trigger and control system
 muse ( multipl selector ) is the trigger and control system of chimera , a 4 pi charg particl detector . initi of muse can be perform via vmebu . thi paper describ the design of vmebu interfac and function modul in muse , and briefli discuss an applic of muse

VMEbus interface
control system
MUSE
CHIMERA
trigger system


Solution of a class of two-dimensional integral equations

Abstract: The two-dimensional integral equation 1/ pi integral integral /sub D/( phi (r, theta )/R/sup 2/)dS=f(r/sub 0/, theta /sub 0/) defined on a circular disk D: r/sub 0/<or=a, 0<or= theta /sub 0/<or=2 pi , is considered in the present paper. Here R in the kernel denotes the distance between two points P(r, theta ) and P/sub 0/(r/sub 0/, theta /sub 0/) in D, and 0< alpha <2 or 2< alpha <4. Based on some known results of Bessel functions, integral representations of the kernel are established for 0< alpha <2 and 2< alpha <4, respectively, and employed to solve the corresponding two-dimensional integral equation. The solutions of the weakly singular integral equation for 0< alpha <2 and of the hypersingular integral equation for 2< alpha <4 are obtained, respectively

solut of a class of two-dimension integr equat
 the two-dimension integr equat 1/ pi integr integr /sub d/ ( phi ( r , theta ) /r / sup 2/)d = f(r / sub 0/ , theta /sub 0/ ) defin on a circular disk d : r / sub 0/<or = a , 0 < or= theta /sub 0/<or=2 pi , is consid in the present paper . here r in the kernel denot the distanc between two point p(r , theta ) and p / sub 0/(r / sub 0/ , theta /sub 0/ ) in d , and 0 < alpha < 2 or 2 < alpha < 4 . base on some known result of bessel function , integr represent of the kernel are establish for 0 < alpha < 2 and 2 < alpha < 4 , respect , and employ to solv the correspond two-dimension integr equat . the solut of the weakli singular integr equat for 0 < alpha < 2 and of the hypersingular integr equat for 2 < alpha < 4 are obtain , respect

circular disk
kernel
Bessel functions
integral representations
weakly singular integral equation
hypersingular integral equation
2D integral equations


Using DEVS formalism to operationalize ELP models for diagnosis in SACHEM

Abstract: This paper describes an original approach to discrete event control of continuous processes by means of expert knowledge. We present an application of this approach on the SACHEM diagnosis subsystem. The SACHEM system is a large-scale knowledge-based system that aims in helping a set of operators to control the dynamics of complex continuous systems (e.g., blast furnaces). The proposed method is based on: (i) The definition of a language facilitating the acquisition and representation of expert knowledge, called ELP (Expert Language Process); (ii) The use of the DEVS formalism to make ELP models operational; (iii) Algorithms for exploiting operational models

use dev formal to operation elp model for diagnosi in sachem
 thi paper describ an origin approach to discret event control of continu process by mean of expert knowledg . we present an applic of thi approach on the sachem diagnosi subsystem . the sachem system is a large-scal knowledge-bas system that aim in help a set of oper to control the dynam of complex continu system ( e.g. , blast furnac ) . the propos method is base on : ( i ) the definit of a languag facilit the acquisit and represent of expert knowledg , call elp ( expert languag process ) ; ( ii ) the use of the dev formal to make elp model oper ; ( iii ) algorithm for exploit oper model

DEVS
ELP models
SACHEM
discrete event control
continuous processes
expert knowledge
SACHEM system
complex continuous systems
knowledge representation
knowledge acquisition


VSAT technology aids growth

Abstract: Choosing to migrate to IP-based applications also means deciding whether terrestrial technologies such as frame relay, DSL or "plain old telephone service" (POTS) can provide the scalability, flexibility and high bandwidth required to support those applications, and whether these technologies can do so affordably. Each option has its tradeoffs. Also, in each case, retailers with nationwide chains have to deal with multiple last-mile service providers for service installation and network maintenance. Because of this, many retailers are selecting two-way satellite networking technology (frequently referred to as VSAT) as the technology of choice for always-on, nationwide, high-speed connectivity coupled with end-to-end network ownership and favorable economics. Enterprises are adopting VSAT platforms not only for emerging IP and Web-based applications, but also for mission-critical, front-office functions such as credit authorization and point-of-sale polling

vsat technolog aid growth
 choos to migrat to ip-bas applic also mean decid whether terrestri technolog such as frame relay , dsl or " plain old telephon servic " ( pot ) can provid the scalabl , flexibl and high bandwidth requir to support those applic , and whether these technolog can do so afford . each option ha it tradeoff . also , in each case , retail with nationwid chain have to deal with multipl last-mil servic provid for servic instal and network mainten . becaus of thi , mani retail are select two-way satellit network technolog ( frequent refer to as vsat ) as the technolog of choic for always-on , nationwid , high-spe connect coupl with end-to-end network ownership and favor econom . enterpris are adopt vsat platform not onli for emerg ip and web-bas applic , but also for mission-crit , front-offic function such as credit author and point-of-sal poll


Modifier formula on mean square convergence of LMS algorithm

Abstract: In describing the mean square convergence of the LMS algorithm, the update formula based on independence assumption will bring explicit errors, especially when step-size is large. A modifier formula that describes the convergence well, is proposed. Simulations support the proposed formula in different conditions

modifi formula on mean squar converg of lm algorithm
 in describ the mean squar converg of the lm algorithm , the updat formula base on independ assumpt will bring explicit error , especi when step-siz is larg . a modifi formula that describ the converg well , is propos . simul support the propos formula in differ condit

modifier formula
mean square convergence
LMS algorithm
update formula
independence assumption
adaptive filtering
LMS filter


The effects of technology on midcareer librarians

Abstract: This article investigates technology competency requirements in the library profession. Using the position advertisements in American Libraries in five-year increments over a twenty-year period (1970-1990), the article examines and evaluates the advertised qualifications of positions and attempts to see if midcareer librarians-especially those who have achieved their degree prior to the change in MLS curriculum that currently emphasizes technology-are "effective" librarians in the present and future job market

the effect of technolog on midcar librarian
 thi articl investig technolog compet requir in the librari profess . use the posit advertis in american librari in five-year increment over a twenty-year period ( 1970 - 1990 ) , the articl examin and evalu the advertis qualif of posit and attempt to see if midcar librarians-especi those who have achiev their degre prior to the chang in ml curriculum that current emphas technology-ar " effect " librarian in the present and futur job market

midcareer librarians
technology competency requirements
library profession
job market


The road to recovery [disaster planning]

Abstract: September 11 stripped us of our innocence, forcing corporations to recognize that disaster planning is a business necessity

the road to recoveri [ disast plan ]
 septemb 11 strip us of our innoc , forc corpor to recogn that disast plan is a busi necess

recovery
disaster planning
risk management


Practice management goes remote [accounting]

Abstract: There's a lot of life in accounting practice management software, a valuable category that has been subject to much change in the last few years. Web-based time tracking grows in popularity. Looks at CCH ProSystem fx Practice, CMS Open Solutions 6, Creative Solutions Practice, Time Matters, CPASoftware Visual Practice Management, and Abak

practic manag goe remot [ account ]
 there 's a lot of life in account practic manag softwar , a valuabl categori that ha been subject to much chang in the last few year . web-bas time track grow in popular . look at cch prosystem fx practic , cm open solut 6 , creativ solut practic , time matter , cpasoftwar visual practic manag , and abak

accounting practice management software
Web-based time tracking
CCH ProSystem fx Practice
CMS Open Solutions 6
Creative Solutions Practice
Time Matters
CPASoftware Visual Practice Management
Abak


Control performance with three translational degrees of freedom

Abstract: For multiple degree-of-freedom (DOF) systems, it is important to determine how accurately operators can control each DOF and what influence perceptual, information processing, and psychomotor components have on performance. Sixteen right-handed male students participated in 2 experiments: 1 involving positioning and 1 involving tracking with 3 translational DOFs. To separate perceptual and psychomotor effects, we used 2 control-display mappings that differed in the coupling of vertical and depth dimensions to the up-down and fore-aft control axes. We observed information processing effects in the positioning task: Initial error correction on the vertical dimension lagged in time behind the horizontal dimension. The depth dimension error correction lagged behind both, which was ascribed to the poorer perceptual information. We observed this perceptual effect also in the tracking experiment. Motor effects were also present, with tracking errors along the up-down axis of the hand controller being 1.1 times larger than along the fore-aft axis. These results indicate that all 3 components contribute to control performance. Actual applications of this research include interface design

control perform with three translat degre of freedom
 for multipl degree-of-freedom ( dof ) system , it is import to determin how accur oper can control each dof and what influenc perceptu , inform process , and psychomotor compon have on perform . sixteen right-hand male student particip in 2 experi : 1 involv posit and 1 involv track with 3 translat dof . to separ perceptu and psychomotor effect , we use 2 control-display map that differ in the coupl of vertic and depth dimens to the up-down and fore-aft control axe . we observ inform process effect in the posit task : initi error correct on the vertic dimens lag in time behind the horizont dimens . the depth dimens error correct lag behind both , which wa ascrib to the poorer perceptu inform . we observ thi perceptu effect also in the track experi . motor effect were also present , with track error along the up-down axi of the hand control be 1.1 time larger than along the fore-aft axi . these result indic that all 3 compon contribut to control perform . actual applic of thi research includ interfac design

control performance
positioning
tracking
psychomotor effects
initial error correction
depth dimension error correction
perceptual effects
interface design
multi-DOF systems
remote control
virtual reality


Passing the image test [imaging accreditation]

Abstract: Accredited imaging qualifications, hot on the heels of Microsoft, Cisco and others, are taking off in the USA. Dave Tyler looks at the CDIA+ qualification that looks likely to become the exam of choice for the DM industry

pass the imag test [ imag accredit ]
 accredit imag qualif , hot on the heel of microsoft , cisco and other , are take off in the usa . dave tyler look at the cdia+ qualif that look like to becom the exam of choic for the dm industri

accreditation
imaging qualifications
CDIA+


Asymptotic analysis of (3, 2, 1)-Shell Sort

Abstract: We analyze the (3, 2, 1)-Shell Sort algorithm under the usual random permutation model

asymptot analysi of ( 3 , 2 , 1)-shell sort
 we analyz the ( 3 , 2 , 1)-shell sort algorithm under the usual random permut model

asymptotic analysis
sorting
algorithm
random permutation
Shell Sort
moderate-sized lists
additive functional
local limit theorem
Markov chain
Poissonization


FC++: Functional tools for object-oriented tasks

Abstract: FC++ is a library for programming functionally in C++. Compared to other C++ functional programming libraries, FC++ is distinguished by its powerful type system which allows the manipulation of parametrically polymorphic functions (e.g., passing them as arguments to other functions and returning them as results). In this paper, we show how FC++ can be used in common object-oriented programming tasks. We demonstrate FC++ implementations of several common design patterns (Adapter, Builder, Command, and more). Compared to conventional C++ implementations of these patterns, our implementations are either simpler (in that fewer classes/dependencies are needed), more efficient, or more type-safe (thanks to parametric polymorphism and type inference)

fc++ : function tool for object-ori task
 fc++ is a librari for program function in c++ . compar to other c++ function program librari , fc++ is distinguish by it power type system which allow the manipul of parametr polymorph function ( e.g. , pass them as argument to other function and return them as result ) . in thi paper , we show how fc++ can be use in common object-ori program task . we demonstr fc++ implement of sever common design pattern ( adapt , builder , command , and more ) . compar to convent c++ implement of these pattern , our implement are either simpler ( in that fewer class / depend are need ) , more effici , or more type-saf ( thank to parametr polymorph and type infer )

FC++
C++
library
functional programming
parametric polymorphism
object-oriented programming


Single and multi-interval Legendre tau -methods in time for parabolic equations

Abstract: In this paper, we take the parabolic equation with periodic boundary conditions as a model to present a spectral method with the Fourier approximation in spatial and single/multi-interval Legendre Petrov-Galerkin methods in time. For the single interval spectral method in time, we obtain the optimal error estimate in L/sup 2/-norm. For the multi-interval spectral method in time, the L/sup 2/-optimal error estimate is valid in spatial. Numerical results show the efficiency of the methods

singl and multi-interv legendr tau -method in time for parabol equat
 in thi paper , we take the parabol equat with period boundari condit as a model to present a spectral method with the fourier approxim in spatial and singl / multi-interv legendr petrov-galerkin method in time . for the singl interv spectral method in time , we obtain the optim error estim in l / sup 2/-norm . for the multi-interv spectral method in time , the l / sup 2/-optim error estim is valid in spatial . numer result show the effici of the method

parabolic equation
periodic boundary conditions
Fourier approximation
Legendre Petrov-Galerkin method
interval spectral method
optimal error estimation
interval decomposition
error analysis
partial differential equations


Adaptive array antenna based on radial basis function network as multiuser detection for WCDMA

Abstract: An adaptive array antenna is proposed based on the radial basis function (RBF) network as a multiuser detector for a WCDMA system. The proposed system calculates the optimal combining weight coefficients using sample matrix inversion with a common correlation matrix algorithm and obtains the channel response vector using the RBF output signal

adapt array antenna base on radial basi function network as multius detect for wcdma
 an adapt array antenna is propos base on the radial basi function ( rbf ) network as a multius detector for a wcdma system . the propos system calcul the optim combin weight coeffici use sampl matrix invers with a common correl matrix algorithm and obtain the channel respons vector use the rbf output signal

adaptive array antenna
radial basis function network
multiuser detection
optimal combining weight coefficients
sample matrix inversion
correlation matrix algorithm
channel response vector
W-CDMA
RBF network
Wideband code division multiple access


Convergence of a finite volume scheme for nonlinear degenerate parabolic equations

Abstract: One approximates the entropy weak solution u of a nonlinear parabolic degenerate equation u/sub t/+div(qf(u))- Delta phi (u)=0 by a piecewise constant function u/sub D/ using a discretization D in space and time and a finite volume scheme. The convergence of u/sub D/ to u is shown as the size of the space and time steps tend to zero. In a first step, estimates on u/sub D/ are used to prove the convergence, up to a subsequence, of u/sub D/ to a measure valued entropy solution (called here an entropy process solution). A result of uniqueness of the entropy process solution is proved, yielding the strong convergence of u/sub D/ to u. Some numerical results on a model equation are shown

converg of a finit volum scheme for nonlinear degener parabol equat
 one approxim the entropi weak solut u of a nonlinear parabol degener equat u / sub t/+div(qf(u))- delta phi ( u)=0 by a piecewis constant function u / sub d/ use a discret d in space and time and a finit volum scheme . the converg of u / sub d/ to u is shown as the size of the space and time step tend to zero . in a first step , estim on u / sub d/ are use to prove the converg , up to a subsequ , of u / sub d/ to a measur valu entropi solut ( call here an entropi process solut ) . a result of uniqu of the entropi process solut is prove , yield the strong converg of u / sub d/ to u. some numer result on a model equat are shown


Using duality to implicitize and find cusps and inflection points of Bezier curves

Abstract: A planar algebraic curve C has an implicit equation and a tangential equation. The tangential equation defines a dual curve to C. Starting with a parametrization of C, we find a parametrization of the dual curve, and the tangential equation and implicit equation of C in a novel way. We also find equations whose roots are the parameter values of the cusps and inflection points of C. Methods include polar reciprocation and the theory of envelopes

use dualiti to implicit and find cusp and inflect point of bezier curv
 a planar algebra curv c ha an implicit equat and a tangenti equat . the tangenti equat defin a dual curv to c. start with a parametr of c , we find a parametr of the dual curv , and the tangenti equat and implicit equat of c in a novel way . we also find equat whose root are the paramet valu of the cusp and inflect point of c. method includ polar reciproc and the theori of envelop

cusps
inflection points
Bezier curves
planar algebraic curve
implicit equation
tangential equation
dual curve
parametrization
polar reciprocation
envelope theory


Numerical solution of forward and backward problem for 2-D heat conduction equation

Abstract: For a two-dimensional heat conduction problem, we consider its initial boundary value problem and the related inverse problem of determining the initial temperature distribution from transient temperature measurements. The conditional stability for this inverse problem and the error analysis for the Tikhonov regularization are presented. An implicit inversion method, which is based on the regularization technique and the successive over-relaxation (SOR) iteration process, is established. Due to the explicit difference scheme for a direct heat problem developed in this paper, the inversion process is very efficient, while the application of SOR technique makes our inversion convergent rapidly. Numerical results illustrating our method are also given

numer solut of forward and backward problem for 2-d heat conduct equat
 for a two-dimension heat conduct problem , we consid it initi boundari valu problem and the relat invers problem of determin the initi temperatur distribut from transient temperatur measur . the condit stabil for thi invers problem and the error analysi for the tikhonov regular are present . an implicit invers method , which is base on the regular techniqu and the success over-relax ( sor ) iter process , is establish . due to the explicit differ scheme for a direct heat problem develop in thi paper , the invers process is veri effici , while the applic of sor techniqu make our invers converg rapidli . numer result illustr our method are also given

successive over-relaxation iteration process


Human face detection in visual scenes using neural networks

Abstract: This paper presents a neural network based face detection system. Our objective is to design a system that can detect human faces in visual scenes at high searching speed and accuracy. We used a neural network with a simple structure but trained using face and non-face samples preprocessed by several methods (position normalization, histogram equalization, etc.) to attain high accuracy, then pruned the size of the neural network so that it could run faster and reduced the total search area of a target visual scene using the skin color detector. Skin color detection assumes that faces reside only in skin color regions. The system design is made up of two parts: the face detecting system that detects the faces, and the searching speed improving system. Speed improvement is achieved by reducing the face locator network size using the structural learning with knowledge and by reducing the face search area using the skin color detection system. Faster training of the neural networks was also achieved using variable step sizes

human face detect in visual scene use neural network
 thi paper present a neural network base face detect system . our object is to design a system that can detect human face in visual scene at high search speed and accuraci . we use a neural network with a simpl structur but train use face and non-fac sampl preprocess by sever method ( posit normal , histogram equal , etc . ) to attain high accuraci , then prune the size of the neural network so that it could run faster and reduc the total search area of a target visual scene use the skin color detector . skin color detect assum that face resid onli in skin color region . the system design is made up of two part : the face detect system that detect the face , and the search speed improv system . speed improv is achiev by reduc the face locat network size use the structur learn with knowledg and by reduc the face search area use the skin color detect system . faster train of the neural network wa also achiev use variabl step size

visual scene
neural network
face detecting system
skin color detector
backpropagation
self organizing maps
down-sampling
human face recognition
merging overlapping detections


Performance, design and control of a series-parallel (CL/sup 2/-type) resonant DC/DC converter

Abstract: The three-element resonant network has various topological alternatives, one of which, a prospective compound topology, is investigated in detail. The converter uses one capacitor (C) and two inductors (L/sup 2/), to form a compound type CL/sup 2/ network. Various advantages and limitations of the converter are detailed, and a new design procedure for such converters is also introduced. The converter may be controlled by varying the switching frequency or by pulse-width modulation. An experimental prototype has been produced and an excellent performance in the lagging power-factor mode has been confirmed

perform , design and control of a series-parallel ( cl / sup 2/-type ) reson dc / dc convert
 the three-el reson network ha variou topolog altern , one of which , a prospect compound topolog , is investig in detail . the convert use one capacitor ( c ) and two inductor ( l / sup 2/ ) , to form a compound type cl / sup 2/ network . variou advantag and limit of the convert are detail , and a new design procedur for such convert is also introduc . the convert may be control by vari the switch frequenc or by pulse-width modul . an experiment prototyp ha been produc and an excel perform in the lag power-factor mode ha been confirm

series-parallel resonant DC/DC power converter


Cultural differences in developers' perceptions of information systems success factors: Japan vs. the United States

Abstract: The study examined the perceptions of information systems (IS) developers from Japan and the United States regarding the strategies that are considered most important for successful implementation of an IS. The results of principal component analysis revealed that the IS strategies could be reduced to five components: (1) characteristics of the team members, (2) characteristics of the project leader, (3) management/user input, (4) proper technology, and (5) communication. The results indicated that there was a significant difference in the perceptions of Japanese and US developers with respect to the importance of the five components. Japanese developers perceived the project leader as the most crucial component for determining the success of an IS project. Team member characteristics was viewed as the least important by Japanese developers. On the other hand, developers from the US viewed communications as the most critical component. Project leader characteristics were perceived to be the least important by US developers. The results were discussed in terms of cultural differences

cultur differ in develop ' percept of inform system success factor : japan vs. the unit state
 the studi examin the percept of inform system ( is ) develop from japan and the unit state regard the strategi that are consid most import for success implement of an is . the result of princip compon analysi reveal that the is strategi could be reduc to five compon : ( 1 ) characterist of the team member , ( 2 ) characterist of the project leader , ( 3 ) manag / user input , ( 4 ) proper technolog , and ( 5 ) commun . the result indic that there wa a signific differ in the percept of japanes and us develop with respect to the import of the five compon . japanes develop perceiv the project leader as the most crucial compon for determin the success of an is project . team member characterist wa view as the least import by japanes develop . on the other hand , develop from the us view commun as the most critic compon . project leader characterist were perceiv to be the least import by us develop . the result were discuss in term of cultur differ

information systems developer perceptions


Dedekind zeta-functions and Dedekind sums

Abstract: In this paper we use Dedekind zeta functions of two real quadratic number fields at -1 to denote Dedekind sums of high rank. Our formula is different from that of Siegel's (1969). As an application, we get a polynomial representation of zeta /sub K/(-1) = zeta /sub K/(-1) = 1/45(26n/sup 3/ - 41n +or- 9), n identical to +or-2(mod 5), where K = Q( square root (5q)), prime q = 4n/sup 2/ + 1, and the class number of quadratic number field K/sub 2/ = Q( square root q) is 1

dedekind zeta-funct and dedekind sum
 in thi paper we use dedekind zeta function of two real quadrat number field at -1 to denot dedekind sum of high rank . our formula is differ from that of siegel 's ( 1969 ) . as an applic , we get a polynomi represent of zeta /sub k/(-1 ) = zeta /sub k/(-1 ) = 1/45(26n / sup 3/ - 41n + or- 9 ) , n ident to + or-2(mod 5 ) , where k = q ( squar root ( 5q ) ) , prime q = 4n / sup 2/ + 1 , and the class number of quadrat number field k / sub 2/ = q ( squar root q ) is 1

Dedekind zeta-functions
Dedekind sums
real quadratic number fields
polynomial representation


Business school research: bridging the gap between producers and consumers

Abstract: There has been a great deal of continuing discussion concerning the seemingly unbridgeable gap between so much of the research produced by business school professors and the needs of the business people who, ideally, would use it. Here, we examine this gap and suggest a model for bridging it. We sample four groups of people, business school academics (professors), deans of business schools, executive MBA students/recent graduates, and senior business executives. Each group rates 44 different (potential) properties of exemplary research. We analyze within-group differences, and more meaningfully, between-group differences. We then offer commentary on the results and use the results to develop the aforementioned suggestions for bridging the gap we find

busi school research : bridg the gap between produc and consum
 there ha been a great deal of continu discuss concern the seemingli unbridg gap between so much of the research produc by busi school professor and the need of the busi peopl who , ideal , would use it . here , we examin thi gap and suggest a model for bridg it . we sampl four group of peopl , busi school academ ( professor ) , dean of busi school , execut mba student / recent graduat , and senior busi execut . each group rate 44 differ ( potenti ) properti of exemplari research . we analyz within-group differ , and more meaning , between-group differ . we then offer commentari on the result and use the result to develop the aforement suggest for bridg the gap we find

business school
producers
consumers
professors
business people
academics
deans
students
recent graduates
senior business executives
exemplary research
within-group differences
between-group differences
ANOVA
coefficient of concordance
multiple comparison testing


Negotiating the semantics of agent communication languages

Abstract: This article presents a formal framework and outlines a method that autonomous agents can use to negotiate the semantics of their communication language at run-time. Such an ability is needed in open multi-agent systems so that agents can ensure they understand the implications of the utterances that are being made and so that they can tailor the meaning of the primitives to best fit their prevailing circumstances. To this end, the semantic space framework provides a systematic means of classifying the primitives along multiple relevant dimensions. This classification can then be used by the agents to structure their negotiation (or semantic fixing) process so that they converge to the mutually agreeable semantics that are necessary for coherent social interactions

negoti the semant of agent commun languag
 thi articl present a formal framework and outlin a method that autonom agent can use to negoti the semant of their commun languag at run-tim . such an abil is need in open multi-ag system so that agent can ensur they understand the implic of the utter that are be made and so that they can tailor the mean of the primit to best fit their prevail circumst . to thi end , the semant space framework provid a systemat mean of classifi the primit along multipl relev dimens . thi classif can then be use by the agent to structur their negoti ( or semant fix ) process so that they converg to the mutual agreeabl semant that are necessari for coher social interact

communication language
autonomous agents
multi-agent systems
semantic space
semantic fixing
social interactions


48 Gbit/s InP DHBT MS-DFF with very low time jitter

Abstract: A master-slave D-type flip-flop (MS DFF) fabricated in a self-aligned InP DHBT technology is presented. The packaged circuit shows full-rate clock operation at 48 Gbit/s. Very low time jitter and good retiming capabilities are observed. Layout aspects, packaging and measurement issues are discussed in particular

48 gbit / s inp dhbt ms-dff with veri low time jitter
 a master-slav d-type flip-flop ( ms dff ) fabric in a self-align inp dhbt technolog is present . the packag circuit show full-rat clock oper at 48 gbit / s. veri low time jitter and good retim capabl are observ . layout aspect , packag and measur issu are discuss in particular

48 Gbit/s
InP
DHBT MS-DFF
low time jitter
master-slave D-type flip-flop
InP DHBT technology
packaged circuit
retiming capabilities
layout aspects
self-aligned DHBT technology


An optimization based approach to the train operator scheduling problem at Singapore MRT

Abstract: Singapore Mass Rapid Transit (SMRT) operates two train lines with 83 kilometers of track and 48 stations. A total of 77 trains are in operation during peak hours and 41 during off-peak hours. We report on an optimization based approach to develop a computerized train-operator scheduling system that has been implemented at SMRT. The approach involves a bipartite matching algorithm for the generation of night duties and a tabu search algorithm for the generation of day duties. The system automates the train-operator scheduling process at SMRT and produces favorable schedules in comparison with the manual process. It is also able to handle the multiple objectives inherent in the crew scheduling system. While trying to minimize the system wide crew-related costs, the system is also able to address concern with respect to the number of split duties

an optim base approach to the train oper schedul problem at singapor mrt
 singapor mass rapid transit ( smrt ) oper two train line with 83 kilomet of track and 48 station . a total of 77 train are in oper dure peak hour and 41 dure off-peak hour . we report on an optim base approach to develop a computer train-oper schedul system that ha been implement at smrt . the approach involv a bipartit match algorithm for the gener of night duti and a tabu search algorithm for the gener of day duti . the system autom the train-oper schedul process at smrt and produc favor schedul in comparison with the manual process . it is also abl to handl the multipl object inher in the crew schedul system . while tri to minim the system wide crew-rel cost , the system is also abl to address concern with respect to the number of split duti


Exact analytical model for the AEP of control signals

Abstract: An exact analytical model for the aliasing error probability (AEP) in the signature analysis of control signals using a modified signature analyser is presented. The signature analyser used comprises a general-structure two-input compacting module (TICM), which simplifies the motherboard VLSI design by providing a flexible geometry, which could be easily integrated with neighbouring structures. The use of the modified data probe eliminates the ambiguity introduced by the high-impedance state and at the same time retains the same signature of the binary stream. The model specifies algebraically the effects of the TICM architecture, the test pattern length, and the control stream error probabilities. It is proved that the (hardware) criterion used for calculating the AEP for the internal- and external exclusive-OR two-input shift registers is not valid for the general case and a new criterion is provided. The results obtained are augmented by two special cases, a case study, and associated simulation

exact analyt model for the aep of control signal
 an exact analyt model for the alias error probabl ( aep ) in the signatur analysi of control signal use a modifi signatur analys is present . the signatur analys use compris a general-structur two-input compact modul ( ticm ) , which simplifi the motherboard vlsi design by provid a flexibl geometri , which could be easili integr with neighbour structur . the use of the modifi data probe elimin the ambigu introduc by the high-imped state and at the same time retain the same signatur of the binari stream . the model specifi algebra the effect of the ticm architectur , the test pattern length , and the control stream error probabl . it is prove that the ( hardwar ) criterion use for calcul the aep for the internal- and extern exclusive-or two-input shift regist is not valid for the gener case and a new criterion is provid . the result obtain are augment by two special case , a case studi , and associ simul

analytical model
AEP
control signals
aliasing error probability
signature analysis
signature analyser
two-input compacting module
motherboard VLSI design
flexible geometry
high-impedance state
binary stream
test pattern length
control stream error probabilities
two-input shift registers


Research challenges and perspectives of the Semantic Web

Abstract: Accessing documents and services on today's Web requires human intelligence. The interface to these documents and services is the Web page, written in natural language, which humans must understand and act upon. The paper discusses the Semantic Web which will augment the current Web with formalized knowledge and data that computers can process. In the future, some services will mix human-readable and structured data so that both humans and computers can use them. Others will support formalized knowledge that only machines will use

research challeng and perspect of the semant web
 access document and servic on today 's web requir human intellig . the interfac to these document and servic is the web page , written in natur languag , which human must understand and act upon . the paper discuss the semant web which will augment the current web with formal knowledg and data that comput can process . in the futur , some servic will mix human-read and structur data so that both human and comput can use them . other will support formal knowledg that onli machin will use

Semantic Web
Web page
natural language
formalized knowledge
document access
Internet
artificial intelligence


Too much middleware

Abstract: The movement from client-server computing to multi-tier computing has created a potpourri of so-called middleware systems, including application servers, workflow products, EAI systems, ETL systems and federated data systems. We argue that the explosion in middleware has created a myriad of poorly integrated systems with overlapping functionality. The world would be well served by considerable consolidation, and we present some of the ways this might happen. Some of the points covered in the article have been previously explored by P. Bernstein (1996)

too much middlewar
 the movement from client-serv comput to multi-ti comput ha creat a potpourri of so-cal middlewar system , includ applic server , workflow product , eai system , etl system and feder data system . we argu that the explos in middlewar ha creat a myriad of poorli integr system with overlap function . the world would be well serv by consider consolid , and we present some of the way thi might happen . some of the point cover in the articl have been previous explor by p. bernstein ( 1996 )

client-server computing
multi-tier computing
middleware systems
application servers
workflow products
EAI systems
ETL systems
federated data systems
poorly integrated systems
overlapping functionality


Taylor series based two-dimensional digital differentiators

Abstract: A new type of Taylor series based 2-D finite difference approximation is presented, and it is shown that the coefficients of these approximations are not unique. Explicit formulas are presented for one of the possible sets of coefficients for an arbitrary order, by extending the previously presented 1-D approximations. These coefficients are implemented as maximally linear 2-D FIR digital differentiators, and their formulas are modified to narrow the inaccuracy regions on the resultant frequency responses, close to the Nyquist frequencies

taylor seri base two-dimension digit differenti
 a new type of taylor seri base 2-d finit differ approxim is present , and it is shown that the coeffici of these approxim are not uniqu . explicit formula are present for one of the possibl set of coeffici for an arbitrari order , by extend the previous present 1-d approxim . these coeffici are implement as maxim linear 2-d fir digit differenti , and their formula are modifi to narrow the inaccuraci region on the result frequenc respons , close to the nyquist frequenc

maximally linear digital differentiators


Simulation and transient testing of numerical relays

Abstract: A hybrid and practical solution for relay evaluation is presented. Two main issues are taken into account: power system simulation and relay simulation, both of which consist of different stages. System simulation is carried out by means of EMTP and is complemented by additional features, such as filtering for location and determination of fault parameters that allow comparing simulated and actual fault records to improve and guarantee a correct system simulation. Relay simulation includes filtering algorithms, all the relaying units, and the decision logic. Playing simulated or real faults over the actual relay and comparing simulated and real responses can check for correct relay simulation

simul and transient test of numer relay
 a hybrid and practic solut for relay evalu is present . two main issu are taken into account : power system simul and relay simul , both of which consist of differ stage . system simul is carri out by mean of emtp and is complement by addit featur , such as filter for locat and determin of fault paramet that allow compar simul and actual fault record to improv and guarante a correct system simul . relay simul includ filter algorithm , all the relay unit , and the decis logic . play simul or real fault over the actual relay and compar simul and real respons can check for correct relay simul

numerical relays
relay evaluation
power system simulation
relay simulation
EMTP
filtering
filtering algorithms
decision logic
real faults
fault location
simulated faults
relay testing


Anticipating the further development of cadastral systems

Abstract: Although the paper recognises the merits of the evolution of cadastral systems towards an increased capability over time, it promotes a radical introduction or overhaul of existing cadastral systems. It encourages the development of a capability to cope with some key drivers of major change. These have been identified as globalisation, the advent of fully automated cadastral environments, improved decentralised methods of governance and greatly improved service delivery of future cadastral systems to a wide range of users. The paper promotes the registration of title supported by government guarantee as an effective means for rapidly introducing cadastral systems to facilitate globally competitive land markets in developing countries. In developing automated environments for cadastral systems, the need to completely re-engineer and redesign cadastral systems to meet basic cadastral principles and responsiveness to individual user needs is promoted. In this environment, highly decentralised cadastral operations and administration combined with light regulatory control are advocated as a future governance strategy. With regard to the level of services to users, an emphasis on recognising and serving the future needs of users is seen as essential. International and national professional and user organisations involved in land administration are seen as an important vehicle for developing strategies and providing evaluation to guide the over-arching development of cadastral systems around the world

anticip the further develop of cadastr system
 although the paper recognis the merit of the evolut of cadastr system toward an increas capabl over time , it promot a radic introduct or overhaul of exist cadastr system . it encourag the develop of a capabl to cope with some key driver of major chang . these have been identifi as globalis , the advent of fulli autom cadastr environ , improv decentralis method of govern and greatli improv servic deliveri of futur cadastr system to a wide rang of user . the paper promot the registr of titl support by govern guarante as an effect mean for rapidli introduc cadastr system to facilit global competit land market in develop countri . in develop autom environ for cadastr system , the need to complet re-engin and redesign cadastr system to meet basic cadastr principl and respons to individu user need is promot . in thi environ , highli decentralis cadastr oper and administr combin with light regulatori control are advoc as a futur govern strategi . with regard to the level of servic to user , an emphasi on recognis and serv the futur need of user is seen as essenti . intern and nation profession and user organis involv in land administr are seen as an import vehicl for develop strategi and provid evalu to guid the over-arch develop of cadastr system around the world


On the diophantine equation x/sup 2/+q/sup 2k+1/=y/sup n/

Abstract: In this paper it has been proved that if q is an odd prime, q not=7 (mod 8), n is an odd integer >or=5, n is not a multiple of 3 and (h, n)=1, where h is the class number of the filed Q( square root (-q)), then the diophantine equation x/sup 2/+q/sup 2k+1/=y/sup n/ has exactly two families of solutions (q, n, k, x, y)

on the diophantin equat x / sup 2/+q / sup 2k+1/=i / sup n/
 in thi paper it ha been prove that if q is an odd prime , q not=7 ( mod 8) , n is an odd integ > or=5 , n is not a multipl of 3 and ( h , n)=1 , where h is the class number of the file q ( squar root ( -q ) ) , then the diophantin equat x / sup 2/+q / sup 2k+1/=i / sup n/ ha exactli two famili of solut ( q , n , k , x , y )

diophantine equation
odd prime
odd integer
Lucas sequence
primitive divisors


A uniform framework for regulating service access and information release on the Web

Abstract: The widespread use of Internet-based services is increasing the amount of information (such as user profiles) that clients are required to disclose. This information demand is necessary for regulating access to services, and functionally convenient (e.g., to support service customization), but it has raised privacy-related concerns which, if not addressed, may affect the users disposition to use network services. At the same time, servers need to regulate service access without disclosing entirely the details of their access control policy. There is therefore a pressing need for privacy-aware techniques to regulate access to services open to the network. We propose an approach for regulating service access and information disclosure on the Web. The approach consists of a uniform formal framework to formulate - and reason about - both service access and information disclosure constraints. It also provides a means for parties to communicate their requirements while ensuring that no private information be disclosed and that the communicated requirements are correct with respect to the constraints

a uniform framework for regul servic access and inform releas on the web
 the widespread use of internet-bas servic is increas the amount of inform ( such as user profil ) that client are requir to disclos . thi inform demand is necessari for regul access to servic , and function conveni ( e.g. , to support servic custom ) , but it ha rais privacy-rel concern which , if not address , may affect the user disposit to use network servic . at the same time , server need to regul servic access without disclos entir the detail of their access control polici . there is therefor a press need for privacy-awar techniqu to regul access to servic open to the network . we propos an approach for regul servic access and inform disclosur on the web . the approach consist of a uniform formal framework to formul - and reason about - both servic access and inform disclosur constraint . it also provid a mean for parti to commun their requir while ensur that no privat inform be disclos and that the commun requir are correct with respect to the constraint

information release
user profiles
information demand
network services
access control policy
privacy-aware techniques
information disclosure
uniform formal framework
reasoning
service access regulation
WWW
Internet
client server systems


On the accuracy of polynomial interpolation in Hilbert space with disturbed nodal values of the operator

Abstract: The interpolation accuracy of polynomial operators in a Hilbert space with a measure is estimated when nodal values of these operators are given approximately

on the accuraci of polynomi interpol in hilbert space with disturb nodal valu of the oper
 the interpol accuraci of polynomi oper in a hilbert space with a measur is estim when nodal valu of these oper are given approxim

polynomial interpolation
Hilbert space
disturbed nodal values
polynomial operators


Coordination [crisis management]

Abstract: Communications during a crisis, both internal and external, set the tone during response and carry a message through recovery. The authors describe how to set up a system for information coordination to make sure the right people get the right message, and the organization stays in control

coordin [ crisi manag ]
 commun dure a crisi , both intern and extern , set the tone dure respons and carri a messag through recoveri . the author describ how to set up a system for inform coordin to make sure the right peopl get the right messag , and the organ stay in control

crisis management
information coordination
communications process


Developing a CD-ROM as a teaching and learning tool in food and beverage management: a case study in hospitality education

Abstract: Food and beverage management is the traditional core of hospitality education but, in its laboratory manifestation, has come under increasing pressure in recent years. It is an area that, arguably, presents the greatest challenges in adaptation to contemporary learning technologies but, at the same time, stands to benefit most from the potential of the Web. This paper addresses the design and development of a CD-ROM learning resource for food and beverage. It is a learning resource which is designed to integrate with rather than to replace existing conventional classroom and laboratory learning methods and, thus, compensate for the decline in the resource base faced in food and beverage education in recent years. The paper includes illustrative material drawn from the CD-ROM which demonstrates its use in teaching and learning

develop a cd-rom as a teach and learn tool in food and beverag manag : a case studi in hospit educ
 food and beverag manag is the tradit core of hospit educ but , in it laboratori manifest , ha come under increas pressur in recent year . it is an area that , arguabl , present the greatest challeng in adapt to contemporari learn technolog but , at the same time , stand to benefit most from the potenti of the web . thi paper address the design and develop of a cd-rom learn resourc for food and beverag . it is a learn resourc which is design to integr with rather than to replac exist convent classroom and laboratori learn method and , thu , compens for the declin in the resourc base face in food and beverag educ in recent year . the paper includ illustr materi drawn from the cd-rom which demonstr it use in teach and learn

CD-ROM
learning tool
food and beverage management
hospitality education
teaching tool


Bandwidth vs. gains design of H/sub infinity / tracking controllers for current-fed induction motors

Abstract: Describes a systematic procedure for designing speed and rotor flux norm tracking H/sub infinity /. controllers with unknown load torque disturbances for current-fed induction motors. A new effective design tool is developed to allow selection of the control gains so as to adjust the disturbances' rejection capability of the controllers in the face of the bandwidth requirements of the closed-loop system. Application of the proposed design procedure is demonstrated in a case study, and the results of numerical simulations illustrate the satisfactory performance achievable even in presence of rotor resistance uncertainty

bandwidth vs. gain design of h / sub infin / track control for current-f induct motor
 describ a systemat procedur for design speed and rotor flux norm track h / sub infin /. control with unknown load torqu disturb for current-f induct motor . a new effect design tool is develop to allow select of the control gain so as to adjust the disturb ' reject capabl of the control in the face of the bandwidth requir of the closed-loop system . applic of the propos design procedur is demonstr in a case studi , and the result of numer simul illustr the satisfactori perform achiev even in presenc of rotor resist uncertainti

H/sub infinity / tracking controllers
current-fed induction motors
unknown load torque disturbances
design tool
bandwidth requirements
closed-loop system
speed controllers
rotor flux norm controllers
disturbances rejection capability
feedback linearization
observers


A second order characteristic finite element scheme for convection-diffusion problems

Abstract: A new characteristic finite element scheme is presented for convection-diffusion problems. It is of second order accuracy in time increment, symmetric, and unconditionally stable. Optimal error estimates are proved in the framework of L/sup 2/-theory. Numerical results are presented for two examples, which show the advantage of the scheme

a second order characterist finit element scheme for convection-diffus problem
 a new characterist finit element scheme is present for convection-diffus problem . it is of second order accuraci in time increment , symmetr , and uncondit stabl . optim error estim are prove in the framework of l / sup 2/-theori . numer result are present for two exampl , which show the advantag of the scheme


Neural and neuro-fuzzy integration in a knowledge-based system for air quality prediction

Abstract: We propose a unified approach for integrating implicit and explicit knowledge in neurosymbolic systems as a combination of neural and neuro-fuzzy modules. In the developed hybrid system, a training data set is used for building neuro-fuzzy modules, and represents implicit domain knowledge. The explicit domain knowledge on the other hand is represented by fuzzy rules, which are directly mapped into equivalent neural structures. The aim of this approach is to improve the abilities of modular neural structures, which are based on incomplete learning data sets, since the knowledge acquired from human experts is taken into account for adapting the general neural architecture. Three methods to combine the explicit and implicit knowledge modules are proposed. The techniques used to extract fuzzy rules from neural implicit knowledge modules are described. These techniques improve the structure and the behavior of the entire system. The proposed methodology has been applied in the field of air quality prediction with very encouraging results. These experiments show that the method is worth further investigation

neural and neuro-fuzzi integr in a knowledge-bas system for air qualiti predict
 we propos a unifi approach for integr implicit and explicit knowledg in neurosymbol system as a combin of neural and neuro-fuzzi modul . in the develop hybrid system , a train data set is use for build neuro-fuzzi modul , and repres implicit domain knowledg . the explicit domain knowledg on the other hand is repres by fuzzi rule , which are directli map into equival neural structur . the aim of thi approach is to improv the abil of modular neural structur , which are base on incomplet learn data set , sinc the knowledg acquir from human expert is taken into account for adapt the gener neural architectur . three method to combin the explicit and implicit knowledg modul are propos . the techniqu use to extract fuzzi rule from neural implicit knowledg modul are describ . these techniqu improv the structur and the behavior of the entir system . the propos methodolog ha been appli in the field of air qualiti predict with veri encourag result . these experi show that the method is worth further investig

implicit domain knowledge representation


Office essentials [stationery suppliers]

Abstract: Make purchasing stationery a relatively simple task through effective planning and management of stock, and identifying the right supplier

offic essenti [ stationeri supplier ]
 make purchas stationeri a rel simpl task through effect plan and manag of stock , and identifi the right supplier

stationery suppliers
purchasing
planning
management of stock


Optimal strategies for a semi-Markovian inventory system

Abstract: Control for a semi-Markovian inventory system is considered. Under general assumptions on system functioning, conditions for existence of an optimal nonrandomized Markovian strategy are found. It is shown that under some additional assumptions on storing conditions for the inventory, the optimal strategy has a threshold (s, S)-frame

optim strategi for a semi-markovian inventori system
 control for a semi-markovian inventori system is consid . under gener assumpt on system function , condit for exist of an optim nonrandom markovian strategi are found . it is shown that under some addit assumpt on store condit for the inventori , the optim strategi ha a threshold ( s , s)-frame


Recovering lost efficiency of exponentiation algorithms on smart cards

Abstract: At the RSA cryptosystem implementation stage, a major security concern is resistance against so-called side-channel attacks. Solutions are known but they increase the overall complexity by a non-negligible factor (typically, a protected RSA exponentiation is 133% slower). For the first time, protected solutions are proposed that do not penalise the running time of an exponentiation

recov lost effici of exponenti algorithm on smart card
 at the rsa cryptosystem implement stage , a major secur concern is resist against so-cal side-channel attack . solut are known but they increas the overal complex by a non-neglig factor ( typic , a protect rsa exponenti is 133 % slower ) . for the first time , protect solut are propos that do not penalis the run time of an exponenti

exponentiation algorithms
smart cards
RSA cryptosystem implementation stage
security
side-channel attack resistance
public-key encryption


A column generation approach to delivery planning over time with inhomogeneous service providers and service interval constraints

Abstract: We consider a problem of delivery planning over multiple time periods. Deliveries must be made to customers having nominated demand in each time period. Demand must be met in each time period by use of some combination of inhomogeneous service providers. Each service provider has a different delivery capacity, different cost of delivery to each customer, a different utilisation requirement, and different rules governing the spread of deliveries in time. The problem is to plan deliveries so as to minimise overall costs, subject to demand being met and service rules obeyed. A natural integer programming model was found to be intractable, except on problems with loose demand constraints, with gaps between best lower bound and best feasible solution of up to 35.1%, with an average of 15.4% over the test data set. In all but the problem with loosest demand constraints, Cplex 6.5 applied to this formulation failed to find the optimal solution before running out of memory. However a column generation approach improved the lower bound by between 0.6% and 21.9%, with an average of 9.9%, and in all cases found the optimal solution at the root node, without requiring branching

a column gener approach to deliveri plan over time with inhomogen servic provid and servic interv constraint
 we consid a problem of deliveri plan over multipl time period . deliveri must be made to custom have nomin demand in each time period . demand must be met in each time period by use of some combin of inhomogen servic provid . each servic provid ha a differ deliveri capac , differ cost of deliveri to each custom , a differ utilis requir , and differ rule govern the spread of deliveri in time . the problem is to plan deliveri so as to minimis overal cost , subject to demand be met and servic rule obey . a natur integ program model wa found to be intract , except on problem with loos demand constraint , with gap between best lower bound and best feasibl solut of up to 35.1 % , with an averag of 15.4 % over the test data set . in all but the problem with loosest demand constraint , cplex 6.5 appli to thi formul fail to find the optim solut befor run out of memori . howev a column gener approach improv the lower bound by between 0.6 % and 21.9 % , with an averag of 9.9 % , and in all case found the optim solut at the root node , without requir branch

column generation approach
delivery planning over time
inhomogeneous service providers
service interval constraints
delivery capacity
lower bound
transportation


Contentment management

Abstract: Andersen's William Yarker and Richard Young outline the route to a successful content management strategy

content manag
 andersen 's william yarker and richard young outlin the rout to a success content manag strategi

content management strategy
Andersen Consulting


Uniform supersaturated design and its construction

Abstract: Supersaturated designs are factorial designs in which the number of main effects is greater than the number of experimental runs. In this paper, a discrete discrepancy is proposed as a measure of uniformity for supersaturated designs, and a lower bound of this discrepancy is obtained as,a benchmark of design uniformity. A construction method for uniform supersaturated designs via resolvable balanced incomplete block designs is also presented along with the investigation of properties of the resulting designs. The construction method shows a strong link between these two different kinds of designs

uniform supersatur design and it construct
 supersatur design are factori design in which the number of main effect is greater than the number of experiment run . in thi paper , a discret discrep is propos as a measur of uniform for supersatur design , and a lower bound of thi discrep is obtain as , a benchmark of design uniform . a construct method for uniform supersatur design via resolv balanc incomplet block design is also present along with the investig of properti of the result design . the construct method show a strong link between these two differ kind of design


Monitoring the news online

Abstract: The author looks at how we can focus on what we want, finding small stories in vast oceans of news. There is no one tool that will scan every news resource available and give alerts on new available materials. Every one has a slightly different focus. Some are paid sources, while many are free. If used wisely, an excellent news monitoring system for a large number of topics can be set up for surprisingly little cost

monitor the news onlin
 the author look at how we can focu on what we want , find small stori in vast ocean of news . there is no one tool that will scan everi news resourc avail and give alert on new avail materi . everi one ha a slightli differ focu . some are paid sourc , while mani are free . if use wise , an excel news monitor system for a larg number of topic can be set up for surprisingli littl cost


Developing Web-enhanced learning for information fluency-a liberal arts college's perspective

Abstract: Learning is likely to take a new form in the twenty-first century, and a transformation is already in process. Under the framework of information fluency, efforts are being made at Rollins College to develop a Web-enhanced course that encompasses information literacy, basic computer literacy, and critical thinking skills. Computer-based education can be successful when librarians use technology effectively to enhance their integrated library teaching. In an online learning environment, students choose a time for learning that best suits their needs and motivational levels. They can learn at their own pace, take a nonlinear approach to the subject, and maintain constant communication with instructors and other students. The quality of a technology-facilitated course can be upheld if the educational objectives and methods for achieving those objectives are carefully planned and explored

develop web-enhanc learn for inform fluency-a liber art colleg 's perspect
 learn is like to take a new form in the twenty-first centuri , and a transform is alreadi in process . under the framework of inform fluenci , effort are be made at rollin colleg to develop a web-enhanc cours that encompass inform literaci , basic comput literaci , and critic think skill . computer-bas educ can be success when librarian use technolog effect to enhanc their integr librari teach . in an onlin learn environ , student choos a time for learn that best suit their need and motiv level . they can learn at their own pace , take a nonlinear approach to the subject , and maintain constant commun with instructor and other student . the qualiti of a technology-facilit cours can be upheld if the educ object and method for achiev those object are care plan and explor

Web-enhanced learning
liberal arts college
information fluency
information literacy
computer literacy
critical thinking skills
computer-based education
librarians
integrated library teaching
online learning


Well-posed anisotropic diffusion for image denoising

Abstract: A nonlinear iterative smoothing filter based on a second-order partial differential equation is introduced. It smooths out the image according to an anisotropic diffusion process. The approach is based on a smooth approximation of the total variation (TV) functional which overcomes the non-differentiability of the TV functional at the origin. In particular, the authors perform linear smoothing over smooth areas but selective smoothing over candidate edges. By relating the smoothing parameter to the time step, they arrive at a CFL condition which guarantees the causality of the discrete scheme. This allows the adoption of higher time discretisation steps, while ensuring the absence of artefacts deriving from the non-smooth behaviour of the TV functional at the origin. In particular, it is shown that the proposed approach avoids the typical staircase effects in smooth areas which occur in the standard time-marching TV scheme

well-pos anisotrop diffus for imag denois
 a nonlinear iter smooth filter base on a second-ord partial differenti equat is introduc . it smooth out the imag accord to an anisotrop diffus process . the approach is base on a smooth approxim of the total variat ( tv ) function which overcom the non-differenti of the tv function at the origin . in particular , the author perform linear smooth over smooth area but select smooth over candid edg . by relat the smooth paramet to the time step , they arriv at a cfl condit which guarante the causal of the discret scheme . thi allow the adopt of higher time discretis step , while ensur the absenc of artefact deriv from the non-smooth behaviour of the tv function at the origin . in particular , it is shown that the propos approach avoid the typic staircas effect in smooth area which occur in the standard time-march tv scheme


Transformation rules and strategies for functional-logic programs

Abstract: This paper abstracts the contents of a PhD dissertation entitled 'Transformation Rules and Strategies for Functional-Logic Programs' which has been recently defended. These techniques are based on fold/unfold transformations and they can be used to optimize integrated (functional-logic) programs for a wide class of applications. Experimental results show that typical examples in the field of artificial intelligence are successfully enhanced by our transformation system SYNTH. The thesis presents the first approach of these methods for declarative languages that integrate the best features from functional and logic programming

transform rule and strategi for functional-log program
 thi paper abstract the content of a phd dissert entitl ' transform rule and strategi for functional-log program ' which ha been recent defend . these techniqu are base on fold / unfold transform and they can be use to optim integr ( functional-log ) program for a wide class of applic . experiment result show that typic exampl in the field of artifici intellig are success enhanc by our transform system synth . the thesi present the first approach of these method for declar languag that integr the best featur from function and logic program

functional-logic programs
experimental results
artificial intelligence
SYNTH
declarative languages
logic programming
program transformation rules
functional programming
fold-unfold transformations


Regional flux target with minimum energy

Abstract: An extension of a gradient controllability problem to the case where the target subregion is a part of the boundary of a parabolic system domain is discussed. A definition and some properties adapted to this case are presented. The focus is on the characterisation of the control achieving a regional boundary gradient target with minimum energy. An approach is developed that leads to a numerical algorithm for the computation of optimal control. Numerical illustrations show the efficiency of the approach and lead to conjectures

region flux target with minimum energi
 an extens of a gradient control problem to the case where the target subregion is a part of the boundari of a parabol system domain is discuss . a definit and some properti adapt to thi case are present . the focu is on the characteris of the control achiev a region boundari gradient target with minimum energi . an approach is develop that lead to a numer algorithm for the comput of optim control . numer illustr show the effici of the approach and lead to conjectur

regional flux target
minimum energy
gradient controllability problem
target subregion
regional boundary gradient target
numerical algorithm
optimal control
parabolic system domain boundary


Laptops zip to 2 GHz-plus

Abstract: Intel's Pentium 4-M processor has reached the coveted 2-GHz mark, and speed-hungry mobile users will be tempted to buy a laptop with the chip. However, while our exclusive tests found 2-GHz P4-M notebooks among the fastest units we've tested, the new models failed to make dramatic gains compared with those based on Intel's 1.8-GHz mobile chip. Since 2-GHz notebooks carry a hefty price premium, buyers seeking both good performance and a good price might prefer a 1.8-GHz unit instead

laptop zip to 2 ghz-plu
 intel 's pentium 4-m processor ha reach the covet 2-ghz mark , and speed-hungri mobil user will be tempt to buy a laptop with the chip . howev , while our exclus test found 2-ghz p4-m notebook among the fastest unit we 've test , the new model fail to make dramat gain compar with those base on intel 's 1.8-ghz mobil chip . sinc 2-ghz notebook carri a hefti price premium , buyer seek both good perform and a good price might prefer a 1.8-ghz unit instead

laptop
mobile
notebooks
Intel Pentium 4-M processor
2 GHz


The role of B2B engines in B2B integration architectures

Abstract: Semantic B2B integration architectures must enable enterprises to communicate standards-based B2B events like purchase orders with any potential trading partner. This requires not only back end application integration capabilities to integrate with e.g. enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems as the company-internal source and destination of B2B events, but also a capability to implement every necessary B2B protocol like electronic data interchange (EDI), RosettaNet as well as more generic capabilities like Web services (WS). This paper shows the placement and functionality of B2B engines in semantic B2B integration architectures that implement a generic framework for modeling and executing any B2B protocol. A detailed discussion shows how a B2B engine can provide the necessary abstractions to implement any standard-based B2B protocol or any trading partner specific specialization

the role of b2b engin in b2b integr architectur
 semant b2b integr architectur must enabl enterpris to commun standards-bas b2b event like purchas order with ani potenti trade partner . thi requir not onli back end applic integr capabl to integr with e.g. enterpris resourc plan ( erp ) system as the company-intern sourc and destin of b2b event , but also a capabl to implement everi necessari b2b protocol like electron data interchang ( edi ) , rosettanet as well as more gener capabl like web servic ( ws ) . thi paper show the placement and function of b2b engin in semant b2b integr architectur that implement a gener framework for model and execut ani b2b protocol . a detail discuss show how a b2b engin can provid the necessari abstract to implement ani standard-bas b2b protocol or ani trade partner specif special

B2B engines
semantic B2B integration architectures
purchase orders
trading partner
EDI
RosettaNet
Web services
modeling
standards-based B2B event communication
ERP systems


Universal parametrization in constructing smoothly-connected B-spline surfaces

Abstract: In this paper, we explore the feasibility of universal parametrization in generating B-spline surfaces, which was proposed recently in the literature (Lim, 1999). We present an interesting property of the new parametrization that it guarantees Go continuity on B-spline surfaces when several independently constructed patches are put together without imposing any constraints. Also, a simple blending method of patchwork is proposed to construct C/sup n-1/ surfaces, where overlapping control nets are utilized. It takes into account the semi-localness property of universal parametrization. It effectively helps us construct very natural looking B-spline surfaces while keeping the deviation from given data points very low. Experimental results are shown with several sets of surface data points

univers parametr in construct smoothly-connect b-spline surfac
 in thi paper , we explor the feasibl of univers parametr in gener b-spline surfac , which wa propos recent in the literatur ( lim , 1999 ) . we present an interest properti of the new parametr that it guarante go continu on b-spline surfac when sever independ construct patch are put togeth without impos ani constraint . also , a simpl blend method of patchwork is propos to construct c / sup n-1/ surfac , where overlap control net are util . it take into account the semi-loc properti of univers parametr . it effect help us construct veri natur look b-spline surfac while keep the deviat from given data point veri low . experiment result are shown with sever set of surfac data point

smoothly-connected B-spline surface generation


The numerical solution of an evolution problem of second order in time on a closed smooth boundary

Abstract: We consider an initial value problem for the second-order differential equation with a Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator coefficient. For the numerical solution we carry out semi-discretization by the Laguerre transformation with respect to the time variable. Then an infinite system of the stationary operator equations is obtained. By potential theory, the operator equations are reduced to boundary integral equations of the second kind with logarithmic or hypersingular kernels. The full discretization is realized by Nystrom's method which is based on the trigonometric quadrature rules. Numerical tests confirm the ability of the method to solve these types of nonstationary problems

the numer solut of an evolut problem of second order in time on a close smooth boundari
 we consid an initi valu problem for the second-ord differenti equat with a dirichlet-to-neumann oper coeffici . for the numer solut we carri out semi-discret by the laguerr transform with respect to the time variabl . then an infinit system of the stationari oper equat is obtain . by potenti theori , the oper equat are reduc to boundari integr equat of the second kind with logarithm or hypersingular kernel . the full discret is realiz by nystrom 's method which is base on the trigonometr quadratur rule . numer test confirm the abil of the method to solv these type of nonstationari problem

evolution problem
closed smooth boundary
initial value problem
second-order differential equation
Laguerre transformation
stationary operator equations
boundary integral equations
hypersingular kernels


Laguerre approximation of fractional systems

Abstract: Systems characterised by fractional power poles can be called fractional systems. Here, Laguerre orthogonal polynomials are employed to approximate fractional systems by minimum phase, reduced order, rational transfer functions. Both the time and the frequency-domain analysis exhibit the accuracy of the approximation

laguerr approxim of fraction system
 system characteris by fraction power pole can be call fraction system . here , laguerr orthogon polynomi are employ to approxim fraction system by minimum phase , reduc order , ration transfer function . both the time and the frequency-domain analysi exhibit the accuraci of the approxim

Laguerre approximation
fractional systems
fractional power poles
orthogonal polynomials
minimum phase
reduced order
rational transfer functions
frequency-domain analysis
robust controllers
closed-loop system
time-domain analysis


Low to mid-speed copiers [buyer's guide]

Abstract: The low to mid-speed copier market is being transformed by the almost universal adoption of digital solutions. The days of the analogue copier are numbered as the remaining vendors plan to withdraw from this sector by 2005. Reflecting the growing market for digital, vendors are reducing prices, making a digital solution much more affordable. The battle for the copier market is intense, and the popularity of the multifunctional device is going to transform the office equipment market. As total cost of ownership becomes increasingly important and as budgets are squeezed, the most cost-effective solutions are those that will survive this shake-down

low to mid-spe copier [ buyer 's guid ]
 the low to mid-spe copier market is be transform by the almost univers adopt of digit solut . the day of the analogu copier are number as the remain vendor plan to withdraw from thi sector by 2005 . reflect the grow market for digit , vendor are reduc price , make a digit solut much more afford . the battl for the copier market is intens , and the popular of the multifunct devic is go to transform the offic equip market . as total cost of ownership becom increasingli import and as budget are squeez , the most cost-effect solut are those that will surviv thi shake-down

low to mid-speed copier market
total cost of ownership


Single-phase shunt active power filter with harmonic detection

Abstract: An advanced active power filter for the compensation of instantaneous harmonic current components in nonlinear current loads is presented. A signal processing technique using an adaptive neural network algorithm is applied for the detection of harmonic components generated by nonlinear current loads and it can efficiently determine the instantaneous harmonic components in real time. The validity of this active filtering processing system to compensate current harmonics is substantiated by simulation results

single-phas shunt activ power filter with harmon detect
 an advanc activ power filter for the compens of instantan harmon current compon in nonlinear current load is present . a signal process techniqu use an adapt neural network algorithm is appli for the detect of harmon compon gener by nonlinear current load and it can effici determin the instantan harmon compon in real time . the valid of thi activ filter process system to compens current harmon is substanti by simul result

instantaneous harmonic current components compensation


Tracking with sensor failures

Abstract: Studies the reliability with sensor failures of the asymptotic tracking problem for linear time invariant systems using the factorization approach. The plant is two-output and the compensator is two-degree-of-freedom. Necessary and sufficient conditions are presented for the general problem and a simple solution is given for problems with stable plants

track with sensor failur
 studi the reliabl with sensor failur of the asymptot track problem for linear time invari system use the factor approach . the plant is two-output and the compens is two-degree-of-freedom . necessari and suffici condit are present for the gener problem and a simpl solut is given for problem with stabl plant

sensor failures
reliability
asymptotic tracking problem
linear time invariant systems
factorization approach
necessary and sufficient conditions
two-output plant
two-degree-of-freedom compensator


A study of hospitality and tourism information technology education and industrial applications

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the subject relevance of information technology (IT) in hospitality and tourism management programs with skills deployed in the workplace. This study aimed at investigating graduates' transition from education to employment, and to determine how well they appear to be equipped to meet the needs of the hospitality and tourism industry. One hundred and seventeen graduates responded to a mail survey. These graduates rated the importance of IT skills in the workplace, the level of IT teaching in hotel and tourism management programs, and the self-competence level in IT. This study concluded that a gap exists between the IT skills required at work and those acquired at university

a studi of hospit and tourism inform technolog educ and industri applic
 the purpos of thi studi wa to examin the subject relev of inform technolog ( it ) in hospit and tourism manag program with skill deploy in the workplac . thi studi aim at investig graduat ' transit from educ to employ , and to determin how well they appear to be equip to meet the need of the hospit and tourism industri . one hundr and seventeen graduat respond to a mail survey . these graduat rate the import of it skill in the workplac , the level of it teach in hotel and tourism manag program , and the self-compet level in it . thi studi conclud that a gap exist between the it skill requir at work and those acquir at univers


E-commerce-resources for doing business on the Internet

Abstract: There are many different types of e-commerce depending upon who or what is selling and who or what is buying. In addition, e-commerce is more than an exchange of funds and goods or services, it encompasses an entire infrastructure of services, computer hardware and software products, technologies, and communications formats. The paper discusses e-commerce terminology, types and information resources, including books and Web sites

e-commerce-resourc for do busi on the internet
 there are mani differ type of e-commerc depend upon who or what is sell and who or what is buy . in addit , e-commerc is more than an exchang of fund and good or servic , it encompass an entir infrastructur of servic , comput hardwar and softwar product , technolog , and commun format . the paper discuss e-commerc terminolog , type and inform resourc , includ book and web site

e-commerce
business
Internet
terminology
information resources
books
Web sites