Observer-based strict positive real (SPR) feedback control system design

Abstract: Presents theory for stability analysis and design for a class of observer-based feedback control systems. Relaxation of the controllability and observability conditions imposed in the Yakubovich-Kalman-Popov lemma can be made for a class of nonlinear systems described by a linear time-invariant system with a feedback-connected cone-bounded nonlinear element. It is shown how a circle-criterion approach can be used to design an observer-based state feedback control which yields a closed-loop system with specified robustness characteristics. The approach is relevant for design with preservation of stability when a cone-bounded nonlinearity is introduced in the feedback loop. Important applications are to be found in nonlinear control with high robustness requirements

observer-bas strict posit real ( spr ) feedback control system design
 present theori for stabil analysi and design for a class of observer-bas feedback control system . relax of the control and observ condit impos in the yakubovich-kalman-popov lemma can be made for a class of nonlinear system describ by a linear time-invari system with a feedback-connect cone-bound nonlinear element . it is shown how a circle-criterion approach can be use to design an observer-bas state feedback control which yield a closed-loop system with specifi robust characterist . the approach is relev for design with preserv of stabil when a cone-bound nonlinear is introduc in the feedback loop . import applic are to be found in nonlinear control with high robust requir

observer-based strict positive real feedback control system


Control of a thrust-vectored flying wing: a receding horizon - LPV approach

Abstract: This paper deals with the application of receding horizon methods to hover and forward flight models of an experimental tethered flying wing developed at Caltech. The dynamics of the system are representative of a vertical landing and take off aircraft, such as a Harrier around hover, or a thrust-vectored aircraft such as F18-HARV or X-31 in forward flight. The adopted control methodology is a hybrid of receding horizon techniques and control Lyapunov function (CLF)-based ideas. First, a CLF is generated using quasi-LPV methods and then, by using the CLF as the terminal cost in the receding horizon optimization, stability is guaranteed. The main advantage of this approach is that stability can be guaranteed without imposing constraints in the on-line optimization, allowing the problem to be solved in a more efficient manner. Models of the experimental set-up are obtained for the hover and forward flight modes. Numerical simulations for different time horizons are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the discussed methods. Specifically, it is shown that a mere upper bound on the cost-to-go is not an appropriate choice for a terminal cost, when the horizon length is short. Simulation results are presented using experimentally verified model parameters

control of a thrust-vector fli wing : a reced horizon - lpv approach
 thi paper deal with the applic of reced horizon method to hover and forward flight model of an experiment tether fli wing develop at caltech . the dynam of the system are repres of a vertic land and take off aircraft , such as a harrier around hover , or a thrust-vector aircraft such as f18-harv or x-31 in forward flight . the adopt control methodolog is a hybrid of reced horizon techniqu and control lyapunov function ( clf)-base idea . first , a clf is gener use quasi-lpv method and then , by use the clf as the termin cost in the reced horizon optim , stabil is guarante . the main advantag of thi approach is that stabil can be guarante without impos constraint in the on-lin optim , allow the problem to be solv in a more effici manner . model of the experiment set-up are obtain for the hover and forward flight mode . numer simul for differ time horizon are present to illustr the effect of the discuss method . specif , it is shown that a mere upper bound on the cost-to-go is not an appropri choic for a termin cost , when the horizon length is short . simul result are present use experiment verifi model paramet

forward flight models
tethered flying wing
Caltech
Harrier around hover
thrust-vectored aircraft
F18-HARV
X-31
receding horizon techniques
quasi-LPV methods
terminal cost
receding horizon optimization
numerical simulations
thrust-vectored flying wing control
receding horizon-LPV approach
hover flight models
vertical landing take off aircraft
control Lyapunov function-based ideas
stability guarantee
nonlinear system


Tool and process improvements from MFC control system technology

Abstract: A new approach to MFC calibration links the physical parameters of nitrogen to the physical characteristics of various process gases. This precludes the conventional need for surrogate gases. What results is a physics-based tuning algorithm and enhanced digital control system that enables rearranging and gas change of digital MFCs. The end result should be better process control through more accurate gas flow. The new method also decreases the number of MFC spare parts required to back up a fab

tool and process improv from mfc control system technolog
 a new approach to mfc calibr link the physic paramet of nitrogen to the physic characterist of variou process gase . thi preclud the convent need for surrog gase . what result is a physics-bas tune algorithm and enhanc digit control system that enabl rearrang and ga chang of digit mfc . the end result should be better process control through more accur ga flow . the new method also decreas the number of mfc spare part requir to back up a fab

MFC control system technology
calibration
tuning algorithm
digital control
process control
gas flow
process gas
surrogate gas
semiconductor fab
tool technology
mass flow controller
N/sub 2/


Application of heuristic methods for conformance test selection

Abstract: In this paper we focus on the test selection problem. It is modeled after a real-life problem that arises in telecommunication when one has to check the reliability of an application. We apply different metaheuristics, namely Reactive Tabu Search (RTS), Genetic Algorithms (GA) and Simulated Annealing (SA) to solve the problem. We propose some modifications to the conventional schemes including an adaptive neighbourhood sampling in RTS, an adaptive variable mutation rate in GA and an adaptive variable neighbourhood structure in SA. The performance of the algorithms is evaluated in different models for existing protocols. Computational results show that GA and SA can provide high-quality solutions in acceptable time compared to the results of a commercial software, which makes them applicable in practical test selection

applic of heurist method for conform test select
 in thi paper we focu on the test select problem . it is model after a real-lif problem that aris in telecommun when one ha to check the reliabl of an applic . we appli differ metaheurist , name reactiv tabu search ( rt ) , genet algorithm ( ga ) and simul anneal ( sa ) to solv the problem . we propos some modif to the convent scheme includ an adapt neighbourhood sampl in rt , an adapt variabl mutat rate in ga and an adapt variabl neighbourhood structur in sa . the perform of the algorithm is evalu in differ model for exist protocol . comput result show that ga and sa can provid high-qual solut in accept time compar to the result of a commerci softwar , which make them applic in practic test select

telecommunication conformance test selection


Comments on "Frequency decomposition and computing of ultrasound medical images with wavelet packets"

Abstract: In this paper, errors and discrepancies in the subject paper [Cincotti et al. (2002)] are highlighted. A comment, concerning the axial resolution associated to the adopted processing procedure is also reported

comment on " frequenc decomposit and comput of ultrasound medic imag with wavelet packet "
 in thi paper , error and discrep in the subject paper [ cincotti et al . ( 2002 ) ] are highlight . a comment , concern the axial resolut associ to the adopt process procedur is also report

frequency decomposition
ultrasound medical images
wavelet packets
axial resolution
medical diagnostic imaging


Ecological interface design: progress and challenges

Abstract: Ecological interface design (EID) is a theoretical framework for designing human-computer interfaces for complex socio-technical systems. Its primary aim is to support knowledge workers in adapting to change and novelty. This literature review shows that in situations requiring problem solving, EID improves performance when compared with current design approaches in industry. EID has been applied to industry-scale problems in a broad variety of application domains (e.g., process control, aviation, computer network management, software engineering, medicine, command and control, and information retrieval) and has consistently led to the identification of new information requirements. An experimental evaluation of EID using a full-fidelity simulator with professional workers has yet to be conducted, although some are planned. Several significant challenges remain as obstacles to the confident use of EID in industry. Promising paths for addressing these outstanding issues are identified. Actual or potential applications of this research include improving the safety and productivity of complex socio-technical systems

ecolog interfac design : progress and challeng
 ecolog interfac design ( eid ) is a theoret framework for design human-comput interfac for complex socio-techn system . it primari aim is to support knowledg worker in adapt to chang and novelti . thi literatur review show that in situat requir problem solv , eid improv perform when compar with current design approach in industri . eid ha been appli to industry-scal problem in a broad varieti of applic domain ( e.g. , process control , aviat , comput network manag , softwar engin , medicin , command and control , and inform retriev ) and ha consist led to the identif of new inform requir . an experiment evalu of eid use a full-fidel simul with profession worker ha yet to be conduct , although some are plan . sever signific challeng remain as obstacl to the confid use of eid in industri . promis path for address these outstand issu are identifi . actual or potenti applic of thi research includ improv the safeti and product of complex socio-techn system

ecological interface design
human-computer interfaces
industry
productivity
complex social technical systems
user interface
human factors


Job rotation in an academic library: damned if you do and damned if you don't!

Abstract: This article considers job rotation-the systematic movement of employees from one job to another-as one of the many tools within the organizational development tool kit. There is a brief consideration of useful print and Internet literature on the subject as well as a discussion of the pros and cons of job rotation. The application of job rotation methods in Ryerson University Library, a small academic library, concludes the article in order to illustrate process and insights through example

job rotat in an academ librari : damn if you do and damn if you do n't !
 thi articl consid job rotation-th systemat movement of employe from one job to another-a one of the mani tool within the organiz develop tool kit . there is a brief consider of use print and internet literatur on the subject as well as a discuss of the pro and con of job rotat . the applic of job rotat method in ryerson univers librari , a small academ librari , conclud the articl in order to illustr process and insight through exampl

job rotation
academic library
organizational development
Ryerson University Library
systematic employee movement


Computing grid unlocks research

Abstract: Under the UK government's spending review in 2000 the Office of Science and Technology was allocated Pounds 98m to establish a three year e-science research and development programme. The programme has a bold vision: to change the dynamic of the way science is undertaken. The term 'e-science' was introduced by John Taylor, director general of research councils in the Office of Science and Technology. He saw many areas of science becoming increasingly reliant on new ways of collaborative, multidisciplinary, interorganisation working. E-science is intended to capture these new modes of working. There are two major components to the programme: the science, and the infrastructure to support that science. The infrastructure is generally referred to as the Grid. The choice of name resonates with the idea of a future in which computing resources and storage, as well as expensive scientific facilities and software, can be accessed on demand, like electricity. Open source prototypes of the middleware are available and under development as part of the e-science programme and other international efforts

comput grid unlock research
 under the uk govern 's spend review in 2000 the offic of scienc and technolog wa alloc pound 98 m to establish a three year e-scienc research and develop programm . the programm ha a bold vision : to chang the dynam of the way scienc is undertaken . the term ' e-scienc ' wa introduc by john taylor , director gener of research council in the offic of scienc and technolog . he saw mani area of scienc becom increasingli reliant on new way of collabor , multidisciplinari , interorganis work . e-scienc is intend to captur these new mode of work . there are two major compon to the programm : the scienc , and the infrastructur to support that scienc . the infrastructur is gener refer to as the grid . the choic of name reson with the idea of a futur in which comput resourc and storag , as well as expens scientif facil and softwar , can be access on demand , like electr . open sourc prototyp of the middlewar are avail and under develop as part of the e-scienc programm and other intern effort

e-science
collaboration
computing resources
software
open source prototypes
middleware
UK programme
grid computing
scientific research


Sliding-mode control scheme for a class of continuous chemical reactors

Abstract: The synthesis of a robust control law for regulation control of a class of relative-degree-one nonlinear systems is presented. The control design is based on a sliding-mode uncertainty estimator, developed under a framework of algebraic-differential concepts. The closed-loop stability for the underlying closed-loop system is achieved via averaging techniques. Robustness of the proposed control scheme is proved in the face of noise measurements, model uncertainties and sustained disturbances. The performance of the proposed control law is illustrated with numerical simulations, comparing the proposed controller with a well tuned PI controller

sliding-mod control scheme for a class of continu chemic reactor
 the synthesi of a robust control law for regul control of a class of relative-degree-on nonlinear system is present . the control design is base on a sliding-mod uncertainti estim , develop under a framework of algebraic-differenti concept . the closed-loop stabil for the underli closed-loop system is achiev via averag techniqu . robust of the propos control scheme is prove in the face of nois measur , model uncertainti and sustain disturb . the perform of the propos control law is illustr with numer simul , compar the propos control with a well tune pi control

sliding-mode control scheme
continuous chemical reactors
relative-degree-one nonlinear systems
sliding-mode uncertainty estimator
algebraic-differential concepts
closed-loop stability
closed-loop system
averaging techniques
noise measurements
model uncertainties
sustained disturbances
robust control law synthesis


Fuzzy logic controlled shunt active power filter for power quality improvement

Abstract: The simulation and experimental study of a fuzzy logic controlled, three-phase shunt active power filter to improve power quality by compensating harmonics and reactive power required by a nonlinear load is presented. The advantage of fuzzy control is that it is based on a linguistic description and does not require a mathematical model of the system. The fuzzy control scheme is realised on an inexpensive dedicated micro-controller (INTEL 8031) based system. The compensation process is based on sensing line currents only, an approach different from conventional methods, which require harmonics or reactive volt-ampere requirement of the load. The performance of the fuzzy logic controller is compared with a conventional PI controller. The dynamic behavior of the fuzzy controller is found to be better than the conventional PI controller. PWM pattern generation is based on carrierless hysteresis based current control to obtain the switching signals. Various simulation and experimental results are presented under steady state and transient conditions

fuzzi logic control shunt activ power filter for power qualiti improv
 the simul and experiment studi of a fuzzi logic control , three-phas shunt activ power filter to improv power qualiti by compens harmon and reactiv power requir by a nonlinear load is present . the advantag of fuzzi control is that it is base on a linguist descript and doe not requir a mathemat model of the system . the fuzzi control scheme is realis on an inexpens dedic micro-control ( intel 8031 ) base system . the compens process is base on sens line current onli , an approach differ from convent method , which requir harmon or reactiv volt-amper requir of the load . the perform of the fuzzi logic control is compar with a convent pi control . the dynam behavior of the fuzzi control is found to be better than the convent pi control . pwm pattern gener is base on carrierless hysteresi base current control to obtain the switch signal . variou simul and experiment result are present under steadi state and transient condit


The art of the cross-sell [accounting software]

Abstract: With the market for accounting software nearing saturation, vendors are training resellers in the subtleties of the cross-sell. The rewards can be great. The key is knowing when to focus, and when to partner

the art of the cross-sel [ account softwar ]
 with the market for account softwar near satur , vendor are train resel in the subtleti of the cross-sel . the reward can be great . the key is know when to focu , and when to partner

cross-selling
accounting software
resellers


Mathematical aspects of computer-aided share trading

Abstract: We consider problems of statistical analysis of share prices and propose probabilistic characteristics to describe the price series. We discuss three methods of mathematical modelling of price series with given probabilistic characteristics

mathemat aspect of computer-aid share trade
 we consid problem of statist analysi of share price and propos probabilist characterist to describ the price seri . we discuss three method of mathemat model of price seri with given probabilist characterist

computer-aided share trading
statistical analysis
share price
probabilistic characteristics
price series
mathematical modelling


L/sub p/ boundedness of (C, 1) means of orthonormal expansions for general exponential weights

Abstract: Let I be a finite or infinite interval, and let W:I to (0, infinity ). Assume that W/sup 2/ is a weight, so that we may define orthonormal polynomials corresponding to W/sup 2/. For f :R to R, let s/sub m/ [f] denote the mth partial sum of the orthonormal expansion of f with respect to these polynomials. We investigate boundedness in weighted L/sub p/ spaces of the (C, 1) means 1/n /sub m=1/ Sigma /sup n/s/sub m/[f]. The class of weights W/sup 2/ considered includes even and noneven exponential weights

l / sub p/ bounded of ( c , 1 ) mean of orthonorm expans for gener exponenti weight
 let i be a finit or infinit interv , and let w : i to ( 0 , infin ) . assum that w / sup 2/ is a weight , so that we may defin orthonorm polynomi correspond to w / sup 2/. for f : r to r , let s / sub m/ [ f ] denot the mth partial sum of the orthonorm expans of f with respect to these polynomi . we investig bounded in weight l / sub p/ space of the ( c , 1 ) mean 1 / n /sub m=1/ sigma /sup n / s / sub m/[f ] . the class of weight w / sup 2/ consid includ even and noneven exponenti weight

boundedness
orthonormal expansions
general exponential weights
infinite interval
orthonormal polynomials
mth partial sum
finite interval


Embedded Linux and the law

Abstract: The rising popularity of Linux, combined with perceived cost savings, has spurred many embedded developers to consider a real-time Linux variant as an alternative to a traditional RTOS. The paper presents the legal implications for the proprietary parts of firmware

embed linux and the law
 the rise popular of linux , combin with perceiv cost save , ha spur mani embed develop to consid a real-tim linux variant as an altern to a tradit rto . the paper present the legal implic for the proprietari part of firmwar

embedded Linux
real-time Linux
legal implications
proprietary firmware


Optimal and safe ship control as a multi-step matrix game

Abstract: The paper describes the process of the safe ship control in a collision situation using a differential game model with j participants. As an approximated model of the manoeuvring process, a model of a multi-step matrix game is adopted here. RISKTRAJ computer program is designed in the Matlab language in order to determine the ship's trajectory as a certain sequence of manoeuvres executed by altering the course and speed, in the online navigator decision support system. These considerations are illustrated with examples of a computer simulation of the safe ship's trajectories in real situation at sea when passing twelve of the encountered objects

optim and safe ship control as a multi-step matrix game
 the paper describ the process of the safe ship control in a collis situat use a differenti game model with j particip . as an approxim model of the manoeuvr process , a model of a multi-step matrix game is adopt here . risktraj comput program is design in the matlab languag in order to determin the ship 's trajectori as a certain sequenc of manoeuvr execut by alter the cours and speed , in the onlin navig decis support system . these consider are illustr with exampl of a comput simul of the safe ship 's trajectori in real situat at sea when pass twelv of the encount object

ship control
differential game
RISKTRAJ computer program
online navigation
decision support system
collision avoidance
multistep matrix game
trajectory tracking
optimal control


Current waveform control of a high-power-factor rectifier circuit for harmonic suppression of voltage and current in a distribution system

Abstract: This paper presents the input current waveform control of the rectifier circuit which realizes simultaneously the high input power factor and the harmonics suppression of the receiving-end voltage and the source current under the distorted receiving-end voltage. The proposed input current waveform includes the harmonic components which are in phase with the receiving-end voltage harmonics. The control parameter in the proposed waveform is designed by examining the characteristics of both the harmonic suppression effect in the distribution system and the input power factor of the rectifier circuit. The effectiveness of the proposed current waveform has been confirmed experimentally

current waveform control of a high-power-factor rectifi circuit for harmon suppress of voltag and current in a distribut system
 thi paper present the input current waveform control of the rectifi circuit which realiz simultan the high input power factor and the harmon suppress of the receiving-end voltag and the sourc current under the distort receiving-end voltag . the propos input current waveform includ the harmon compon which are in phase with the receiving-end voltag harmon . the control paramet in the propos waveform is design by examin the characterist of both the harmon suppress effect in the distribut system and the input power factor of the rectifi circuit . the effect of the propos current waveform ha been confirm experiment

high-power-factor rectifier circuit
distribution system
input current waveform control
input current waveform
high input power factor
receiving-end voltage
source current
distorted receiving-end voltage
receiving-end voltage harmonics
harmonic voltage suppression
harmonic current suppression
200 V
60 Hz
8 kVA
2 kW


Impact of user satisfaction and trust on virtual team members

Abstract: Pressured by the growing need for fast response times, mass customization, and globalization, many organizations are turning to flexible organizational forms, such as virtual teams. Virtual teams consist of cooperative relationships supported by information technology to overcome limitations of time and/or location. Virtual teams require their members to rely heavily on the use of information technology and trust in coworkers. This study investigates the impacts that the reliance on information technology (operationalized in our study via the user satisfaction construct) and trust have on the job satisfaction of virtual team members. The study findings reveal that both user satisfaction and trust are positively related to job satisfaction in virtual teams, while system use was not found to play a significant role. These findings emphasize that organizations seeking the benefits of flexible, IT-enabled virtual teams must consider both the level of trust among colleagues, and the users' satisfaction with the information technology on which virtual teams rely

impact of user satisfact and trust on virtual team member
 pressur by the grow need for fast respons time , mass custom , and global , mani organ are turn to flexibl organiz form , such as virtual team . virtual team consist of cooper relationship support by inform technolog to overcom limit of time and/or locat . virtual team requir their member to reli heavili on the use of inform technolog and trust in cowork . thi studi investig the impact that the relianc on inform technolog ( operation in our studi via the user satisfact construct ) and trust have on the job satisfact of virtual team member . the studi find reveal that both user satisfact and trust are posit relat to job satisfact in virtual team , while system use wa not found to play a signific role . these find emphas that organ seek the benefit of flexibl , it-en virtual team must consid both the level of trust among colleagu , and the user ' satisfact with the inform technolog on which virtual team reli

user satisfaction
trust
virtual team members
information technology
job satisfaction
IT


The necessity of real-time-fact and fiction in digital reference systems

Abstract: Current discussions and trends in digital reference have emphasized the use of real-time digital reference services. Recent articles have questioned both the utility and use of asynchronous services such as e-mail. This article uses data from the AskERIC digital reference service to demonstrate that asynchronous services are not only useful and used, but may have greater utility than real-time systems

the necess of real-time-fact and fiction in digit refer system
 current discuss and trend in digit refer have emphas the use of real-tim digit refer servic . recent articl have question both the util and use of asynchron servic such as e-mail . thi articl use data from the asker digit refer servic to demonstr that asynchron servic are not onli use and use , but may have greater util than real-tim system

real-time digital reference services
asynchronous services
e-mail
AskERIC
personalized Internet-based service
digital library


New voice over Internet protocol technique with hierarchical data security protection

Abstract: The authors propose a voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) technique with a new hierarchical data security protection (HDSP) scheme. The proposed HDSP scheme can maintain the voice quality degraded from packet loss and preserve high data security. It performs both the data inter-leaving on the inter-frame of voice for achieving better error recovery of voices suffering from continuous packet loss, and the data encryption on the intra-frame of voice for achieving high data security, which are controlled by a random bit-string sequence generated from a chaotic system. To demonstrate the performance of the proposed HDSP scheme, we have successfully verified and analysed the proposed approach through software simulation and statistical measures on several test voices

new voic over internet protocol techniqu with hierarch data secur protect
 the author propos a voic over internet protocol ( voip ) techniqu with a new hierarch data secur protect ( hdsp ) scheme . the propos hdsp scheme can maintain the voic qualiti degrad from packet loss and preserv high data secur . it perform both the data inter-leav on the inter-fram of voic for achiev better error recoveri of voic suffer from continu packet loss , and the data encrypt on the intra-fram of voic for achiev high data secur , which are control by a random bit-str sequenc gener from a chaotic system . to demonstr the perform of the propos hdsp scheme , we have success verifi and analys the propos approach through softwar simul and statist measur on sever test voic

voice over Internet protocol
hierarchical data security protection
VoIP
HDSP scheme
packet loss
high data security
data encryption
random bit-string sequence
chaotic system
software simulation
statistical measures
data interleaving
packet voice communications


Isogenous of the elliptic curves over the rationals

Abstract: An elliptic curve is a pair (E, O), where E is a smooth projective curve of genus 1 and O is a point of E, called the point at infinity. Every elliptic curve can be given by a Weierstrass equation E : y/sup 2/ + a/sub 1/xy + a/sub 3/y = x/sup 3/ + a/sub 2/x/sup 2/ + a/sub 4/x + a/sub 6/. Let Q be the set of rationals. E is said to be defined over Q if the coefficients a/sub i/, i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 are rationals and O is defined over Q. Let E/Q be an elliptic curve and let E(Q)/sub tors/ be the torsion group of points of E defined over Q. The theorem of Mazur asserts that E(Q)/sub tors/ is one of the following 15 groups E(Q)/sub tors/ {Z/mZ, Z/mZ * Z/2mZ, m, = 1, 2, ..., 10, 12, m = 1, 2, 3, 4. We say that an elliptic curve E'/Q is isogenous to the elliptic curve E if there is an isogeny, i.e. a morphism phi : E to E' such that phi (O) = O, where O is the point at infinity. We give an explicit model of all elliptic curves for which E(Q)/sub tors/ is in the form Z/mZ where m = 9,10,12 or Z/2Z * Z/2mZ where m = 4, according to Mazur's theorem. Moreover, for every family of such elliptic curves, we give an explicit model of all their isogenous curves with cyclic kernels consisting of rational points

isogen of the ellipt curv over the ration
 an ellipt curv is a pair ( e , o ) , where e is a smooth project curv of genu 1 and o is a point of e , call the point at infin . everi ellipt curv can be given by a weierstrass equat e : y / sup 2/ + a / sub 1 / xy + a / sub 3 / y = x / sup 3/ + a / sub 2 / x / sup 2/ + a / sub 4 / x + a / sub 6/. let q be the set of ration . e is said to be defin over q if the coeffici a / sub i/ , i = 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 are ration and o is defin over q. let e / q be an ellipt curv and let e(q)/sub tors/ be the torsion group of point of e defin over q. the theorem of mazur assert that e(q)/sub tors/ is one of the follow 15 group e(q)/sub tors/ { z / mz , z / mz * z/2mz , m , = 1 , 2 , ... , 10 , 12 , m = 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 . we say that an ellipt curv e'/q is isogen to the ellipt curv e if there is an isogeni , i.e. a morphism phi : e to e ' such that phi ( o ) = o , where o is the point at infin . we give an explicit model of all ellipt curv for which e(q)/sub tors/ is in the form z / mz where m = 9,10,12 or z/2z * z/2mz where m = 4 , accord to mazur 's theorem . moreov , for everi famili of such ellipt curv , we give an explicit model of all their isogen curv with cyclic kernel consist of ration point

rationals
smooth projective curve
Weierstrass equation
explicit model
Mazur's theorem
cyclic kernels
elliptic curves isogenous


Supply chain infrastructures: system integration and information sharing

Abstract: The need for supply chain integration (SCI) methodologies has been increasing as a consequence of the globalization of production and sales, and the advancement of enabling information technologies. In this paper, we describe our experience with implementing and modeling SCIs. We present the integration architecture and the software components of our prototype implementation. We then discuss a variety of information sharing methodologies. Then, within the framework of a multi-echelon supply chain process model spanning multiple organizations, we summarize research on the benefits of intraorganizational knowledge sharing, and we discuss performance scalability

suppli chain infrastructur : system integr and inform share
 the need for suppli chain integr ( sci ) methodolog ha been increas as a consequ of the global of product and sale , and the advanc of enabl inform technolog . in thi paper , we describ our experi with implement and model sci . we present the integr architectur and the softwar compon of our prototyp implement . we then discuss a varieti of inform share methodolog . then , within the framework of a multi-echelon suppli chain process model span multipl organ , we summar research on the benefit of intraorganiz knowledg share , and we discuss perform scalabl


Fast and efficient algorithm for the multiplierless realisation of linear DSP transforms

Abstract: A fast algorithm having a pseudopolynomial run-time and memory requirement in the worst case is developed to generate multiplierless architectures at all wordlengths for constant multiplications in linear DSP transforms. It is also re-emphasised that indefinitely reducing operators for multiplierless architectures is not sufficient to reduce the final chip area. For a major reduction, techniques like resource folding must be used. Simple techniques for improving the results are also presented

fast and effici algorithm for the multiplierless realis of linear dsp transform
 a fast algorithm have a pseudopolynomi run-tim and memori requir in the worst case is develop to gener multiplierless architectur at all wordlength for constant multipl in linear dsp transform . it is also re-emphasis that indefinit reduc oper for multiplierless architectur is not suffici to reduc the final chip area . for a major reduct , techniqu like resourc fold must be use . simpl techniqu for improv the result are also present

multiplierless realisation
linear DSP transforms
pseudopolynomial run-time
memory requirement
wordlengths
constant multiplications
final chip area
resource folding


Where have all the PC makers gone?

Abstract: PC makers are dwindling. If you are planning to make a PC purchase soon, here are a few things to look out for before you buy

where have all the pc maker gone ?
 pc maker are dwindl . if you are plan to make a pc purchas soon , here are a few thing to look out for befor you buy


An operations research approach to the problem of the sugar cane selection

Abstract: Selection for superior clones is the most important aspect of sugar cane improvement programs, and is a long and expensive process. While studies have investigated different components of selection independently, there has not been a whole system approach to improve the process. This study observes the problem as an integrated system, where if one parameter changes the state of the whole system changes. A computer based stochastic simulation model that accurately represents the selection was developed. The paper describes the simulation model, showing its accuracy as well as how a combination of dynamic programming and branch and bound can be applied to the model to optimise the selection system, giving a new application of these techniques. The model can be directly applied to any region targeted by sugar cane breeding programs or to other clonally propagated crops

an oper research approach to the problem of the sugar cane select
 select for superior clone is the most import aspect of sugar cane improv program , and is a long and expens process . while studi have investig differ compon of select independ , there ha not been a whole system approach to improv the process . thi studi observ the problem as an integr system , where if one paramet chang the state of the whole system chang . a comput base stochast simul model that accur repres the select wa develop . the paper describ the simul model , show it accuraci as well as how a combin of dynam program and branch and bound can be appli to the model to optimis the select system , give a new applic of these techniqu . the model can be directli appli to ani region target by sugar cane breed program or to other clonal propag crop


Digital-domain self-calibration technique for video-rate pipeline A/D converters using Gaussian white noise

Abstract: A digital-domain self-calibration technique for video-rate pipeline A/D converters based on a Gaussian white noise input signal is presented. The proposed algorithm is simple and efficient. A design example is shown to illustrate that the overall linearity of a pipeline ADC can be highly improved using this technique

digital-domain self-calibr techniqu for video-r pipelin a / d convert use gaussian white nois
 a digital-domain self-calibr techniqu for video-r pipelin a / d convert base on a gaussian white nois input signal is present . the propos algorithm is simpl and effici . a design exampl is shown to illustr that the overal linear of a pipelin adc can be highli improv use thi techniqu


View from the top [workflow & content management]

Abstract: International law firm Linklaters has installed a global document and content management system that is accessible to clients and which has helped it move online

view from the top [ workflow & content manag ]
 intern law firm linklat ha instal a global document and content manag system that is access to client and which ha help it move onlin

content management
international law firm
Linklaters
online
document management


No-go areas? [content management]

Abstract: Alex Fry looks at how content management systems can be used to ensure website access for one important customer group, the disabled

no-go area ? [ content manag ]
 alex fri look at how content manag system can be use to ensur websit access for one import custom group , the disabl

content management systems
website access
disabled


Average optimization of the approximate solution of operator equations and its application

Abstract: In this paper, a definition of the optimization of operator equations in the average case setting is given. And the general result about the relevant optimization problem is obtained. This result is applied to the optimization of approximate solution of some classes of integral equations

averag optim of the approxim solut of oper equat and it applic
 in thi paper , a definit of the optim of oper equat in the averag case set is given . and the gener result about the relev optim problem is obtain . thi result is appli to the optim of approxim solut of some class of integr equat

optimization
operator equations
average case setting
integral equations
Gaussian measure
integral n-width


Plug-ins for critical media literacy: a collaborative program

Abstract: Information literacy is important in academic and other libraries. The paper looks at whether it would be more useful to librarians and to instructors, as well as the students, to deal with information-literacy skill levels of students beginning their academic careers, rather than checking them at the end. Approaching the situation with an eye toward the broader scope of critical media literacy opens the discussion beyond a skills inventory to the broader range of intellectual activity

plug-in for critic media literaci : a collabor program
 inform literaci is import in academ and other librari . the paper look at whether it would be more use to librarian and to instructor , as well as the student , to deal with information-literaci skill level of student begin their academ career , rather than check them at the end . approach the situat with an eye toward the broader scope of critic media literaci open the discuss beyond a skill inventori to the broader rang of intellectu activ

critical media literacy
collaborative program
information literacy
instructors
academic libraries


Connecting the business without busting the budget

Abstract: The "multi-channel content delivery" model (MCCD) might be a new concept to you, but it is already beginning to replace traditional methods of business communications, print and content delivery, argues Darren Atkinson, CTO, FormScape

connect the busi without bust the budget
 the " multi-channel content deliveri " model ( mccd ) might be a new concept to you , but it is alreadi begin to replac tradit method of busi commun , print and content deliveri , argu darren atkinson , cto , formscap

multi-channel content delivery
FormScape
documents
distributed output management
business process management
archive
retrieval
content management


Riccati-based preconditioner for computing invariant subspaces of large matrices

Abstract: This paper introduces and analyzes the convergence properties of a method that computes an approximation to the invariant subspace associated with a group of eigenvalues of a large not necessarily diagonalizable matrix. The method belongs to the family of projection type methods. At each step, it refines the approximate invariant subspace using a linearized Riccati's equation which turns out to be the block analogue of the correction used in the Jacobi-Davidson method. The analysis conducted in this paper shows that the method converges at a rate quasi-quadratic provided that the approximate invariant subspace is close to the exact one. The implementation of the method based on multigrid techniques is also discussed and numerical experiments are reported

riccati-bas precondition for comput invari subspac of larg matric
 thi paper introduc and analyz the converg properti of a method that comput an approxim to the invari subspac associ with a group of eigenvalu of a larg not necessarili diagonaliz matrix . the method belong to the famili of project type method . at each step , it refin the approxim invari subspac use a linear riccati 's equat which turn out to be the block analogu of the correct use in the jacobi-davidson method . the analysi conduct in thi paper show that the method converg at a rate quasi-quadrat provid that the approxim invari subspac is close to the exact one . the implement of the method base on multigrid techniqu is also discuss and numer experi are report

Riccati-based preconditioner
invariant subspaces
large matrices
eigenvalues
diagonalizable matrix
projection type methods
Jacobi-Davidson method
multigrid techniques


An intelligent system combining different resource-bounded reasoning techniques

Abstract: In this paper, PRIMES (Progressive Reasoning and Intelligent multiple MEthods System), a new architecture for resource-bounded reasoning that combines a form of progressive reasoning and the so-called multiple methods approach is presented. Each time-critical reasoning unit is designed in such a way that it delivers an approximate result in time whenever an overload or a failure prevents the system from producing the most accurate result. Indeed, reasoning units use approximate processing based on two salient features. First, an incremental processing unit constructs an approximate solution quickly and then refines it incrementally. Second, a multiple methods approach proposes different alternatives to solve the problem, each of them being selected according to the available resources. In allowing several resource-bounded reasoning paradigms to be combined, we hope to extend their actual scope to cover more real-world application domains

an intellig system combin differ resource-bound reason techniqu
 in thi paper , prime ( progress reason and intellig multipl method system ) , a new architectur for resource-bound reason that combin a form of progress reason and the so-cal multipl method approach is present . each time-crit reason unit is design in such a way that it deliv an approxim result in time whenev an overload or a failur prevent the system from produc the most accur result . inde , reason unit use approxim process base on two salient featur . first , an increment process unit construct an approxim solut quickli and then refin it increment . second , a multipl method approach propos differ altern to solv the problem , each of them be select accord to the avail resourc . in allow sever resource-bound reason paradigm to be combin , we hope to extend their actual scope to cover more real-world applic domain

resource-bounded reasoning techniques
PRIMES
progressive reasoning
intelligent multiple methods system
time-critical reasoning unit
approximate processing
complex systems
real-time performance


Spatial solutions [office furniture]

Abstract: Take the stress out of the office by considering the design of furniture and staff needs, before major buying decisions

spatial solut [ offic furnitur ]
 take the stress out of the offic by consid the design of furnitur and staff need , befor major buy decis

office furniture
staff needs
buying decisions


Simulation of ecological and economical structural-type functions

Abstract: An optimization approach to the simulation of ecological and economical structural-type functions is proposed. A methodology for construction of such functions is created in an explicit analytical form

simul of ecolog and econom structural-typ function
 an optim approach to the simul of ecolog and econom structural-typ function is propos . a methodolog for construct of such function is creat in an explicit analyt form

simulation
economical structural-type functions
explicit analytical form
optimisation approach


VONNA(HBP): a multimedia learning package on hotel budget planning

Abstract: In this paper, a new learning package, VONNA(HBP), which provides an interactive and online environment for novices to study and practice hotel budget planning, is introduced. Its design philosophy will be discussed thoughtfully with special focus on how to make use of the multimedia and Internet. According to literatures, learning packages are faced to be more effective in delivering teaching material. Researchers indicate that students using a self-paced learning package score higher than in a traditional classroom setting. Moreover, the learning package provides different scenarios for students to explore themselves in a practical environment and is more cost effective and systematic than lectures. Currently, most learning packages in hotel education are not implemented using multimedia with Internet access. Our paper describes a new learning package that fills the gaps. VONNA(HBP) requires participants to investigate operational budgets on various areas such as sales levels, payroll, inventory level, promotion strategies, and facilities planning, etc. Eventually, the students/novices are required to practice their skills in a comprehensive case about a hypothetical hotel. They need to solve managerial problems by a combination of budgetary planning on human resources, staff training programmes, facilities' maintenance and replacement, or promotion schemes. Analytical tools are available for students/novices to judge an appropriate decision in handling constrained resources

vonna(hbp ): a multimedia learn packag on hotel budget plan
 in thi paper , a new learn packag , vonna(hbp ) , which provid an interact and onlin environ for novic to studi and practic hotel budget plan , is introduc . it design philosophi will be discuss thought with special focu on how to make use of the multimedia and internet . accord to literatur , learn packag are face to be more effect in deliv teach materi . research indic that student use a self-pac learn packag score higher than in a tradit classroom set . moreov , the learn packag provid differ scenario for student to explor themselv in a practic environ and is more cost effect and systemat than lectur . current , most learn packag in hotel educ are not implement use multimedia with internet access . our paper describ a new learn packag that fill the gap . vonna(hbp ) requir particip to investig oper budget on variou area such as sale level , payrol , inventori level , promot strategi , and facil plan , etc . eventu , the student / novic are requir to practic their skill in a comprehens case about a hypothet hotel . they need to solv manageri problem by a combin of budgetari plan on human resourc , staff train programm , facil ' mainten and replac , or promot scheme . analyt tool are avail for student / novic to judg an appropri decis in handl constrain resourc

VONNA(HBP)
multimedia learning package
hotel budget planning
Internet
self-paced learning package
hotel education
sales
payroll
inventory
promotion strategies
facilities planning
managerial problems
human resources
staff training programmes
interactive online environment
teaching material delivery
facility maintenance
facility replacement
constrained resource handling


Theta functions with harmonic coefficients over number fields

Abstract: We investigate theta functions attached to quadratic forms over a number field K. We establish a functional equation by regarding the theta functions as specializations of symplectic theta functions. By applying a differential operator to the functional equation, we show how theta functions with harmonic coefficients over K behave under modular transformations

theta function with harmon coeffici over number field
 we investig theta function attach to quadrat form over a number field k. we establish a function equat by regard the theta function as special of symplect theta function . by appli a differenti oper to the function equat , we show how theta function with harmon coeffici over k behav under modular transform

harmonic coefficients
number fields
quadratic forms
functional equation
symplectic theta functions
differential operator
modular transformations


Abstract: Analysis of exclusively kinetic two-link underactuated mechanical systems is undertaken. It is first shown that such systems are not full-state feedback linearizable around any equilibrium point. Also, the equilibrium points for which the system is small-time locally controllable (STLC) is at most a one-dimensional submanifold. A concept less restrictive than STLC, termed the small-time local output controllability (STLOC) is introduced, the satisfaction of which guarantees that a chosen configuration output can be controlled at its desired value. It is shown that the class of systems considered is STLOC, if the inertial coupling between the input and output is nonzero. Also, in such a case, the system is nonminimum phase. An example section illustrates all the results presented

analysi of exclus kinet two-link underactu mechan system
 analysi of exclus kinet two-link underactu mechan system is undertaken . it is first shown that such system are not full-stat feedback lineariz around ani equilibrium point . also , the equilibrium point for which the system is small-tim local control ( stlc ) is at most a one-dimension submanifold . a concept less restrict than stlc , term the small-tim local output control ( stloc ) is introduc , the satisfact of which guarante that a chosen configur output can be control at it desir valu . it is shown that the class of system consid is stloc , if the inerti coupl between the input and output is nonzero . also , in such a case , the system is nonminimum phase . an exampl section illustr all the result present


Problems with my PDA

Abstract: Tom Berry has lost his PDA, and now he has an even better understanding of the risks and benefits of working on the move

problem with my pda
 tom berri ha lost hi pda , and now he ha an even better understand of the risk and benefit of work on the move


Engineering plug-in software components to support collaborative work

Abstract: Many software applications require co-operative work support, including collaborative editing, group awareness, versioning, messaging and automated notification and co-ordination agents. Most approaches hard-code such facilities into applications, with fixed functionality and limited ability to reuse groupware implementations. We describe our recent work in seamlessly adding such capabilities to component-based applications via a set of collaborative work-supporting plug-in software components. We describe a variety of applications of this technique, along with descriptions of the novel architecture, user interface adaptation and implementation techniques for the collaborative work-supporting components that we have developed. We report on our experiences to date with this method of supporting collaborative work enhancement of component-based systems, and discuss the advantages of our approach over conventional techniques

engin plug-in softwar compon to support collabor work
 mani softwar applic requir co-op work support , includ collabor edit , group awar , version , messag and autom notif and co-ordin agent . most approach hard-cod such facil into applic , with fix function and limit abil to reus groupwar implement . we describ our recent work in seamlessli ad such capabl to component-bas applic via a set of collabor work-support plug-in softwar compon . we describ a varieti of applic of thi techniqu , along with descript of the novel architectur , user interfac adapt and implement techniqu for the collabor work-support compon that we have develop . we report on our experi to date with thi method of support collabor work enhanc of component-bas system , and discuss the advantag of our approach over convent techniqu

plug-in software components
software applications
co-operative work support
collaborative editing
group awareness
versioning
messaging
automated notification
groupware
collaborative work tools


Holding on [workflow & content management]

Abstract: Marc Fresko of Cornwell Management Consultants says 'think ahead' when developing your electronic records management policy

hold on [ workflow & content manag ]
 marc fresko of cornwel manag consult say ' think ahead ' when develop your electron record manag polici

Cornwell Management Consultants
electronic records management policy


Robot trajectory control using neural networks

Abstract: The use of a new type of neural network (NN) for controlling the trajectory of a robot is discussed. A control system is described which comprises an NN-based controller and a fixed-gain feedback controller. The NN-based controller employs a modified recurrent NN, the weights of which are obtained by training another NN to identify online the inverse dynamics of the robot. The work has confirmed the superiority of the proposed NN-based control system in rejecting large disturbances

robot trajectori control use neural network
 the use of a new type of neural network ( nn ) for control the trajectori of a robot is discuss . a control system is describ which compris an nn-base control and a fixed-gain feedback control . the nn-base control employ a modifi recurr nn , the weight of which are obtain by train anoth nn to identifi onlin the invers dynam of the robot . the work ha confirm the superior of the propos nn-base control system in reject larg disturb

time-varying nonlinear multivariable plant


DEVS simulation of distributed intrusion detection systems

Abstract: An intrusion detection system (IDS) attempts to identify unauthorized use, misuse, and abuse of computer and network systems. As intrusions become more sophisticated, dealing with them moves beyond the scope of one IDS. The need arises for systems to cooperate with one another, to manage diverse attacks across networks. The feature of recent attacks is that the packet delivery is moderately slow, and the attack sources and attack targets are distributed. These attacks are called "stealthy attacks." To detect these attacks, the deployment of distributed IDSs is needed. In such an environment, the ability of an IDS to share advanced information about these attacks is especially important. In this research, the IDS model exploits blacklist facts to detect the attacks that are based on either slow or highly distributed packets. To maintain the valid blacklist facts in the knowledge base of each IDS, the model should communicate with the other IDSs. When attack level goes beyond the interaction threshold, ID agents send interaction messages to ID agents in other hosts. Each agent model is developed as an interruptible atomic-expert model in which the expert system is embedded as a model component

dev simul of distribut intrus detect system
 an intrus detect system ( id ) attempt to identifi unauthor use , misus , and abus of comput and network system . as intrus becom more sophist , deal with them move beyond the scope of one id . the need aris for system to cooper with one anoth , to manag divers attack across network . the featur of recent attack is that the packet deliveri is moder slow , and the attack sourc and attack target are distribut . these attack are call " stealthi attack . " to detect these attack , the deploy of distribut idss is need . in such an environ , the abil of an id to share advanc inform about these attack is especi import . in thi research , the id model exploit blacklist fact to detect the attack that are base on either slow or highli distribut packet . to maintain the valid blacklist fact in the knowledg base of each id , the model should commun with the other idss . when attack level goe beyond the interact threshold , id agent send interact messag to id agent in other host . each agent model is develop as an interrupt atomic-expert model in which the expert system is embed as a model compon

distributed intrusion detection system
intrusion detection system
intrusions
IDS
expert system
cooperative intrusion detection
warning threshold


When reference works are not books-the new edition of the Guide to Reference Books

Abstract: The author considers the history of the Guide to Reference Books (GRB) and its importance in librarianship. He discusses the ways in which the new edition is taking advantage of changing times. GRB has become a cornerstone of the literature of U.S. librarianship. The biggest change GRB will undergo to become GRS (Guide to Reference Sources) will be designing it primarily as a Web product

when refer work are not books-th new edit of the guid to refer book
 the author consid the histori of the guid to refer book ( grb ) and it import in librarianship . he discuss the way in which the new edit is take advantag of chang time . grb ha becom a cornerston of the literatur of u.s. librarianship . the biggest chang grb will undergo to becom gr ( guid to refer sourc ) will be design it primarili as a web product

reference works
Guide to Reference Books
history
GRB
GRS
librarianship
Guide to Reference Sources
Web product
Internet


Going electronic [auditing]

Abstract: A study group examines the issues auditors face in gathering electronic information as evidence and its impact on the audit

go electron [ audit ]
 a studi group examin the issu auditor face in gather electron inform as evid and it impact on the audit

auditing
electronic information
assurance standards
audit evidence


Quadratic Gauss sums over finite commutative rings

Abstract: This article explicitly determines the quadratic Gauss sum over finite commutative rings

quadrat gauss sum over finit commut ring
 thi articl explicitli determin the quadrat gauss sum over finit commut ring

quadratic Gauss sum
finite commutative rings


Optimization-based design of fixed-order controllers for command following

Abstract: For discrete-time scalar systems, we propose an approach for designing feedback controllers of fixed order to minimize an upper bound on the peak magnitude of the tracking error to a given command input. The work makes use of linear programming to design over a class of closed-loop systems proposed for the rejection of non-zero initial conditions and bounded disturbances. We incorporate performance robustness in the form of a guaranteed upper bound on the peak magnitude of the tracking error under plant coprime factor uncertainty

optimization-bas design of fixed-ord control for command follow
 for discrete-tim scalar system , we propos an approach for design feedback control of fix order to minim an upper bound on the peak magnitud of the track error to a given command input . the work make use of linear program to design over a class of closed-loop system propos for the reject of non-zero initi condit and bound disturb . we incorpor perform robust in the form of a guarante upper bound on the peak magnitud of the track error under plant coprim factor uncertainti

optimization-based design
fixed-order controllers
command following
discrete-time scalar systems
feedback controllers
tracking error
linear programming
closed-loop systems
performance robustness
guaranteed upper bound
coprime factor uncertainty


Single-phase half-bridge converter topology for power quality compensation

Abstract: A high power factor half-bridge rectifier with neutral point switch clamped scheme is proposed. Three power switches are employed in the proposed rectifier. Two PWM control schemes are used to draw a sinusoidal line current with low current distortion. The control signals of the power switches are derived from the DC link voltage balance compensator, line current controller and DC link voltage regulator. The hysteresis current control scheme is employed to track the line current command. The proposed control scheme and the circuit configuration can be applied to the active power filter to eliminate the harmonic currents and compensate the reactive power generated from the nonlinear load. Analytical and experimental results are included to illustrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed control scheme

single-phas half-bridg convert topolog for power qualiti compens
 a high power factor half-bridg rectifi with neutral point switch clamp scheme is propos . three power switch are employ in the propos rectifi . two pwm control scheme are use to draw a sinusoid line current with low current distort . the control signal of the power switch are deriv from the dc link voltag balanc compens , line current control and dc link voltag regul . the hysteresi current control scheme is employ to track the line current command . the propos control scheme and the circuit configur can be appli to the activ power filter to elimin the harmon current and compens the reactiv power gener from the nonlinear load . analyt and experiment result are includ to illustr the valid and effect of the propos control scheme

single-phase half-bridge rectifier topology


Development of computer-mediated teaching resources for tourism distance education: the University of Otago model

Abstract: This article presents a qualitative account of the development of computer-mediated tourism distance learning resources. A distance learning model was developed at the Centre for Tourism, University of Otago (New Zealand) in 1998-1999. The article reviews the development of this Internet-based learning resource explaining the design and development of programme links (providing study information for students) and paper links (course material and learning features). The design of course material is reviewed with emphasis given to consistency of presentation between papers. The template for course material is described and illustrated and the article concludes with an overview of important design considerations

develop of computer-medi teach resourc for tourism distanc educ : the univers of otago model
 thi articl present a qualit account of the develop of computer-medi tourism distanc learn resourc . a distanc learn model wa develop at the centr for tourism , univers of otago ( new zealand ) in 1998 - 1999 . the articl review the develop of thi internet-bas learn resourc explain the design and develop of programm link ( provid studi inform for student ) and paper link ( cours materi and learn featur ) . the design of cours materi is review with emphasi given to consist of present between paper . the templat for cours materi is describ and illustr and the articl conclud with an overview of import design consider


On the convergence of the Bermudez-Moreno algorithm with constant parameters

Abstract: A. Bermudez and C. Moreno (1981) presented a duality numerical algorithm for solving variational inequalities of the second kind. The performance of this algorithm strongly depends on the choice of two constant parameters. Assuming a further hypothesis of the inf-sup type, we present here a convergence theorem that improves on the one presented by A. Bermudez and C. Moreno. We prove that the convergence is linear, and we give the expression of the asymptotic error constant and the explicit form of the optimal parameters, as a function of some constants related to the variational inequality. Finally, we present some numerical examples that confirm the theoretical results

on the converg of the bermudez-moreno algorithm with constant paramet
 a. bermudez and c. moreno ( 1981 ) present a dualiti numer algorithm for solv variat inequ of the second kind . the perform of thi algorithm strongli depend on the choic of two constant paramet . assum a further hypothesi of the inf-sup type , we present here a converg theorem that improv on the one present by a. bermudez and c. moreno . we prove that the converg is linear , and we give the express of the asymptot error constant and the explicit form of the optim paramet , as a function of some constant relat to the variat inequ . final , we present some numer exampl that confirm the theoret result

Bermudez-Moreno algorithm
constant parameters
duality numerical algorithm
variational inequalities
convergence theorem
asymptotic error constant
optimal parameters


p-Bezier curves, spirals, and sectrix curves

Abstract: We elucidate the connection between Bezier curves in polar coordinates, also called p-Bezier or focal Bezier curves, and certain families of spirals and sectrix curves. p-Bezier curves are the analogue in polar coordinates of nonparametric Bezier curves in Cartesian coordinates. Such curves form a subset of rational Bezier curves characterized by control points on radial directions regularly spaced with respect to the polar angle, and weights equal to the inverse of the polar radius. We show that this subset encompasses several classical sectrix curves, which solve geometrically the problem of dividing an angle into equal spans, and also spirals defining the trajectories of particles in central fields. First, we identify as p-Bezier curves a family of sinusoidal spirals that includes Tschirnhausen's cubic. Second, the trisectrix of Maclaurin and their generalizations, called arachnidas. Finally, a special class of epi spirals that encompasses the trisectrix of Delanges

p-bezier curv , spiral , and sectrix curv
 we elucid the connect between bezier curv in polar coordin , also call p-bezier or focal bezier curv , and certain famili of spiral and sectrix curv . p-bezier curv are the analogu in polar coordin of nonparametr bezier curv in cartesian coordin . such curv form a subset of ration bezier curv character by control point on radial direct regularli space with respect to the polar angl , and weight equal to the invers of the polar radiu . we show that thi subset encompass sever classic sectrix curv , which solv geometr the problem of divid an angl into equal span , and also spiral defin the trajectori of particl in central field . first , we identifi as p-bezier curv a famili of sinusoid spiral that includ tschirnhausen 's cubic . second , the trisectrix of maclaurin and their gener , call arachnida . final , a special class of epi spiral that encompass the trisectrix of delang

p-Bezier curves
spirals
sectrix curves
polar coordinates
focal Bezier curves
rational Bezier curves
control points
radial directions
polar angle
equal spans
central fields
sinusoidal spirals
cubic
trisectrix
arachnidas
epi spirals
geometry
angle division
particle trajectories


H-matrix approximation for the operator exponential with applications

Abstract: We previously developed a data-sparse and accurate approximation to parabolic solution operators in the case of a rather general elliptic part given by a strongly P-positive operator . Also a class of matrices (H-matrices) has been analysed which are data-sparse and allow an approximate matrix arithmetic with almost linear complexity. In particular, the matrix-vector/matrix-matrix product with such matrices as well as the computation of the inverse have linear-logarithmic cost. In this paper, we apply the H-matrix techniques to approximate the exponent of an elliptic operator. Starting with the Dunford-Cauchy representation for the operator exponent, we then discretise the integral by the exponentially convergent quadrature rule involving a short sum of resolvents. The latter are approximated by the H-matrices. Our algorithm inherits a two-level parallelism with respect to both the computation of resolvents and the treatment of different time values. In the case of smooth data (coefficients, boundaries), we prove the linear-logarithmic complexity of the method

h-matrix approxim for the oper exponenti with applic
 we previous develop a data-spars and accur approxim to parabol solut oper in the case of a rather gener ellipt part given by a strongli p-posit oper . also a class of matric ( h-matric ) ha been analys which are data-spars and allow an approxim matrix arithmet with almost linear complex . in particular , the matrix-vector / matrix-matrix product with such matric as well as the comput of the invers have linear-logarithm cost . in thi paper , we appli the h-matrix techniqu to approxim the expon of an ellipt oper . start with the dunford-cauchi represent for the oper expon , we then discretis the integr by the exponenti converg quadratur rule involv a short sum of resolv . the latter are approxim by the h-matric . our algorithm inherit a two-level parallel with respect to both the comput of resolv and the treatment of differ time valu . in the case of smooth data ( coeffici , boundari ) , we prove the linear-logarithm complex of the method


A transmission line fault-location system using the wavelet transform

Abstract: This paper describes the locating system of line-to-ground faults on a power transmission line by using a wavelet transform. The possibility of the location with the surge generated by a fault has been theoretically proposed. In order to make the method practicable, the authors realize very fast processors. They design the wavelet transform and location chips, and construct a very fast fault location system by processing the measured data in parallel. This system is realized by a computer with three FPGA processor boards on a PCI bus. The processors are controlled by UNIX and the system has a graphical user interface with an X window system

a transmiss line fault-loc system use the wavelet transform
 thi paper describ the locat system of line-to-ground fault on a power transmiss line by use a wavelet transform . the possibl of the locat with the surg gener by a fault ha been theoret propos . in order to make the method practic , the author realiz veri fast processor . they design the wavelet transform and locat chip , and construct a veri fast fault locat system by process the measur data in parallel . thi system is realiz by a comput with three fpga processor board on a pci bu . the processor are control by unix and the system ha a graphic user interfac with an x window system

power transmission line fault-location system


Design of a stroke dependent damper for the front axle suspension of a truck using multibody system dynamics and numerical optimization

Abstract: A stroke dependent damper is designed for the front axle suspension of a truck. The damper supplies extra damping for inward deflections rising above 4 cm. In this way the damper should reduce extreme suspension deflections without deteriorating the comfort of the truck. But the question is which stroke dependent damping curve yields the best compromise between suspension deflection working space and comfort. Therefore an optimization problem is defined to minimize the maximum inward suspension deflection subject to constraints on the chassis acceleration for three typical road undulations. The optimization problem is solved using sequential linear programming (SLP) and multibody dynamics simulation software. Several optimization runs have been carried out for a small two degree of freedom vehicle model and a large full-scale model of the truck semi-trailer combination. The results show that the stroke dependent damping can reduce large deflections at incidental road disturbances, but that the optimum stroke dependent damping curve is related to the acceleration bound. By means of vehicle model simulation and numerical optimization we have been able to quantify this trade-off between suspension deflection working space and truck comfort

design of a stroke depend damper for the front axl suspens of a truck use multibodi system dynam and numer optim
 a stroke depend damper is design for the front axl suspens of a truck . the damper suppli extra damp for inward deflect rise abov 4 cm . in thi way the damper should reduc extrem suspens deflect without deterior the comfort of the truck . but the question is which stroke depend damp curv yield the best compromis between suspens deflect work space and comfort . therefor an optim problem is defin to minim the maximum inward suspens deflect subject to constraint on the chassi acceler for three typic road undul . the optim problem is solv use sequenti linear program ( slp ) and multibodi dynam simul softwar . sever optim run have been carri out for a small two degre of freedom vehicl model and a larg full-scal model of the truck semi-trail combin . the result show that the stroke depend damp can reduc larg deflect at incident road disturb , but that the optimum stroke depend damp curv is relat to the acceler bound . by mean of vehicl model simul and numer optim we have been abl to quantifi thi trade-off between suspens deflect work space and truck comfort

stroke dependent damper
damping
front axle suspension
multibody system dynamics
numerical optimization
inward deflections
extreme suspension deflections
chassis acceleration
road undulations
sequential linear programming
full-scale model
truck semi-trailer combination
incidental road disturbances
acceleration bound
vehicle model simulation
truck comfort


Towards the globalisation of the IS/IT function

Abstract: The IS/IT function has recently emerged from the peripheral aspects of the finance department to the centre of critical organisational change. There is an increasing dependency on its activities as systems extend beyond supporting the internal efficiency of the organisation to augmenting global performance. The growth of wide and local networks has resulted in communication possibilities that were not possible a few years ago. E-commerce challenges the achievements of the IS/IT function and is very prominent in the globalisation of modern organisations. The complexity and diversity of electronic exchange is also well documented (Hackney et al., 2000). This has a number of impacts on the development and implementation of IS/IT solutions for organisations involved in international trade. It is a conjecture that the IS/IT function is critically important for the alignment of the business to meet the demands of global competition, through building internal marketing strategies and creating knowledge based communities. There is clear evidence that IS/IT can lead to improved business performance and potentially for sustained competitive advantage. This is obviously true through the advent of new and emerging technologies such as the Internet

toward the globalis of the is / it function
 the is / it function ha recent emerg from the peripher aspect of the financ depart to the centr of critic organis chang . there is an increas depend on it activ as system extend beyond support the intern effici of the organis to augment global perform . the growth of wide and local network ha result in commun possibl that were not possibl a few year ago . e-commerc challeng the achiev of the is / it function and is veri promin in the globalis of modern organis . the complex and divers of electron exchang is also well document ( hackney et al . , 2000 ) . thi ha a number of impact on the develop and implement of is / it solut for organis involv in intern trade . it is a conjectur that the is / it function is critic import for the align of the busi to meet the demand of global competit , through build intern market strategi and creat knowledg base commun . there is clear evid that is / it can lead to improv busi perform and potenti for sustain competit advantag . thi is obvious true through the advent of new and emerg technolog such as the internet

globalisation
IS/IT function
e-commerce
electronic exchange
international trade
internal marketing strategies
knowledge based communities
Internet
local area networks
wide area networks


Fast, accurate and stable simulation of power electronic systems using virtual resistors and capacitors

Abstract: Simulation of power electronic circuits remains a problem due to the high level of stiffness brought about by the modelling of switches as biresistors i.e. very low turn-on resistance and very high turn-off resistance. The merits and drawbacks of two modelling methods that address this problem are discussed. A modelling solution for ensuring numerically stable, accurate and fast simulation of power electronic systems is proposed. The solution enables easy connectivity between power electronic elements in the simulation model. It involves the modelling of virtual capacitance at switching nodes to soften voltage discontinuity due to the switch current suddenly going to zero. Undesirable ringing effects that may arise due to the interaction between the virtual capacitance and circuit inductance are eliminated by modelling virtual damping resistors in parallel to inductors that are adjacent to switching elements. A midpoint configuration method is also introduced for modelling shunt capacitors. A DC traction system is simulated using this modelling strategy and the results are included. Simulation results obtained using this modelling strategy are validated by comparison with the established mesh analysis technique of modelling. The simulation performance is also compared with the Power System Blockset commercial software

fast , accur and stabl simul of power electron system use virtual resistor and capacitor
 simul of power electron circuit remain a problem due to the high level of stiff brought about by the model of switch as biresistor i.e. veri low turn-on resist and veri high turn-off resist . the merit and drawback of two model method that address thi problem are discuss . a model solut for ensur numer stabl , accur and fast simul of power electron system is propos . the solut enabl easi connect between power electron element in the simul model . it involv the model of virtual capacit at switch node to soften voltag discontinu due to the switch current suddenli go to zero . undesir ring effect that may aris due to the interact between the virtual capacit and circuit induct are elimin by model virtual damp resistor in parallel to inductor that are adjac to switch element . a midpoint configur method is also introduc for model shunt capacitor . a dc traction system is simul use thi model strategi and the result are includ . simul result obtain use thi model strategi are valid by comparison with the establish mesh analysi techniqu of model . the simul perform is also compar with the power system blockset commerci softwar

virtual resistors
turn-on resistance
high turn-off resistance
switching nodes
ringing effects
DC traction system
mesh analysis technique
power electronic systems simulation
virtual capacitors
switch modelling
voltage discontinuity softening
Power System Blockset software
computer simulation


The best circulant preconditioners for Hermitian Toeplitz systems.II. The multiple-zero case

Abstract: For pt.I. see SIAM J. Numer. Anal., vol. 38, p. 876-896. Circulant-type preconditioners have been proposed previously for ill-conditioned Hermitian Toeplitz systems that are generated by nonnegative continuous functions with a zero of even order. The proposed circulant preconditioners can be constructed without requiring explicit knowledge of the generating functions. It was shown that the spectra of the preconditioned matrices are uniformly bounded except for a fixed number of outliers and that all eigenvalues are uniformly bounded away from zero. Therefore the conjugate gradient method converges linearly when applied to solving the circulant preconditioned systems. Previously it was claimed that this result can be extended to the case where the generating functions have multiple zeros. The main aim of this paper is to give a complete convergence proof of the method for this class of generating functions

the best circul precondition for hermitian toeplitz system . ii . the multiple-zero case
 for pt . i. see siam j. numer . anal . , vol . 38 , p. 876 - 896 . circulant-typ precondition have been propos previous for ill-condit hermitian toeplitz system that are gener by nonneg continu function with a zero of even order . the propos circul precondition can be construct without requir explicit knowledg of the gener function . it wa shown that the spectra of the precondit matric are uniformli bound except for a fix number of outlier and that all eigenvalu are uniformli bound away from zero . therefor the conjug gradient method converg linearli when appli to solv the circul precondit system . previous it wa claim that thi result can be extend to the case where the gener function have multipl zero . the main aim of thi paper is to give a complet converg proof of the method for thi class of gener function

circulant preconditioners
Hermitian Toeplitz systems
multiple-zero case
nonnegative continuous functions
generating functions
preconditioned matrices
eigenvalues
conjugate gradient method


Pitch post-processing technique based on robust statistics

Abstract: A novel pitch post-processing technique based on robust statistics is proposed. Performances in terms of pitch error rates and pitch contours show the superiority of the proposed method compared with the median filtering technique. Further improvement is achieved through incorporating an uncertainty term in the robust statistics model

pitch post-process techniqu base on robust statist
 a novel pitch post-process techniqu base on robust statist is propos . perform in term of pitch error rate and pitch contour show the superior of the propos method compar with the median filter techniqu . further improv is achiev through incorpor an uncertainti term in the robust statist model

pitch post-processing technique
robust statistics
pitch error rates
pitch contours
median filtering
uncertainty term
speech quality
speech communications


Stability of Runge-Kutta methods for delay integro-differential equations

Abstract: We study stability of Runge-Kutta (RK) methods for delay integro-differential equations with a constant delay on the basis of the linear equation du/dt = Lu(t) + Mu(t- tau ) + K integral /sub t- tau //sup t/ u( theta )d theta , where L, M, K are constant complex matrices. In particular, we show that the same result as in the case K = 0 (Koto, 1994) holds for this test equation, i.e., every A-stable RK method preserves the delay-independent stability of the exact solution whenever a step-size of the form h = tau /m is used, where m is a positive integer

stabil of runge-kutta method for delay integro-differenti equat
 we studi stabil of runge-kutta ( rk ) method for delay integro-differenti equat with a constant delay on the basi of the linear equat du / dt = lu(t ) + mu(t- tau ) + k integr /sub t- tau //sup t/ u ( theta ) d theta , where l , m , k are constant complex matric . in particular , we show that the same result as in the case k = 0 ( koto , 1994 ) hold for thi test equat , i.e. , everi a-stabl rk method preserv the delay-independ stabil of the exact solut whenev a step-siz of the form h = tau /m is use , where m is a posit integ

stability
Runge-Kutta methods
delay integro-differential equations
constant delay


Minimizing blossoms under symmetric linear constraints

Abstract: In this paper, we show that there exists a close dependence between the control polygon of a polynomial and the minimum of its blossom under symmetric linear constraints. We consider a given minimization problem P, for which a unique solution will be a point delta on the Bezier curve. For the minimization function f, two sufficient conditions exist that ensure the uniqueness of the solution, namely, the concavity of the control polygon of the polynomial and the characteristics of the Polya frequency-control polygon where the minimum coincides with a critical point of the polynomial. The use of the blossoming theory provides us with a useful geometrical interpretation of the minimization problem. In addition, this minimization approach leads us to a new method of discovering inequalities about the elementary symmetric polynomials

minim blossom under symmetr linear constraint
 in thi paper , we show that there exist a close depend between the control polygon of a polynomi and the minimum of it blossom under symmetr linear constraint . we consid a given minim problem p , for which a uniqu solut will be a point delta on the bezier curv . for the minim function f , two suffici condit exist that ensur the uniqu of the solut , name , the concav of the control polygon of the polynomi and the characterist of the polya frequency-control polygon where the minimum coincid with a critic point of the polynomi . the use of the blossom theori provid us with a use geometr interpret of the minim problem . in addit , thi minim approach lead us to a new method of discov inequ about the elementari symmetr polynomi

symmetric linear constraints
control polygon
polynomial
Bezier curve
concavity
Polya frequency-control polygon
critical point
geometrical interpretation
inequalities
elementary symmetric polynomials
blossom minimization


Healthy, wealthy and wise? [health sector document management]

Abstract: NHS spending will rise from Pounds 65.4bn in 2002 to Pounds 87.2bn in 2006, and by 2008, spending will total Pounds 105.6bn. David Tyler looks at how the health sector is already beginning to exploit IT, and particularly document management, to improve service and cut costs

healthi , wealthi and wise ? [ health sector document manag ]
 nh spend will rise from pound 65.4bn in 2002 to pound 87.2bn in 2006 , and by 2008 , spend will total pound 105.6bn . david tyler look at how the health sector is alreadi begin to exploit it , and particularli document manag , to improv servic and cut cost

document management
NHS spending
IT
ScanSoft PaperPort


Phase transition for parking blocks, Brownian excursion and coalescence

Abstract: In this paper, we consider hashing with linear probing for a hashing table with m places, n items (n<m), and l=m-n empty places. For a noncomputer science-minded reader, we shall use the metaphore of n cars parking on m places: each car c/sub i/ chooses a place p/sub i/ at random, and if p/sub i/ is occupied, c/sub i/ tries successively p/sub i/+1, p/sub i/+2, until it finds an empty place. Pittel [42] proves that when l/m goes to some positive limit beta <1, the size B/sub 1//sup m,l/ of the largest block of consecutive cars satisfies 2( beta -1-log beta ) B/sub 1//sup m,l/=2 log m-3 log log m+ Xi /sub m/, where Xi /sub m/ converges weakly to an extreme-value distribution. In this paper we examine at which level for n a phase transition occurs between B/sub 1//sup m,l/=o(m) and m-B/sub 1//sup m,l/=o(m). The intermediate case reveals an interesting behavior of sizes of blocks, related to the standard additive coalescent in the same way as the sizes of connected components of the random graph are related to the multiplicative coalescent

phase transit for park block , brownian excurs and coalesc
 in thi paper , we consid hash with linear probe for a hash tabl with m place , n item ( n < m ) , and l = m-n empti place . for a noncomput science-mind reader , we shall use the metaphor of n car park on m place : each car c / sub i/ choos a place p / sub i/ at random , and if p / sub i/ is occupi , c / sub i/ tri success p / sub i/+1 , p / sub i/+2 , until it find an empti place . pittel [ 42 ] prove that when l / m goe to some posit limit beta < 1 , the size b / sub 1//sup m , l/ of the largest block of consecut car satisfi 2 ( beta -1-log beta ) b / sub 1//sup m , l/=2 log m-3 log log m+ xi /sub m/ , where xi /sub m/ converg weakli to an extreme-valu distribut . in thi paper we examin at which level for n a phase transit occur between b / sub 1//sup m , l/=o(m ) and m-b / sub 1//sup m , l/=o(m ) . the intermedi case reveal an interest behavior of size of block , relat to the standard addit coalesc in the same way as the size of connect compon of the random graph are relat to the multipl coalesc

parking blocks
Brownian excursion
coalescence
hashing
linear probing
empirical processes


Robust L/sub 2/ disturbance attenuation for nonlinear systems with input dynamical uncertainty

Abstract: Deals with the problem of robust L/sub 2/ disturbance attenuation for nonlinear systems with input dynamical uncertainty. The input dynamical uncertainty is restricted to be minimum-phase and relative degree zero. A sufficient condition. is given such that the nonlinear system satisfies the L/sub 2/ gain performance and input-to-state stable property. Using this condition, a design approach is given for a smooth state feedback control law that solves the robust L/sub 2/ disturbance attenuation problem, and the approach is extended to a more general case where the nominal system has higher relative degree. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the proposed approach

robust l / sub 2/ disturb attenu for nonlinear system with input dynam uncertainti
 deal with the problem of robust l / sub 2/ disturb attenu for nonlinear system with input dynam uncertainti . the input dynam uncertainti is restrict to be minimum-phas and rel degre zero . a suffici condit . is given such that the nonlinear system satisfi the l / sub 2/ gain perform and input-to-st stabl properti . use thi condit , a design approach is given for a smooth state feedback control law that solv the robust l / sub 2/ disturb attenu problem , and the approach is extend to a more gener case where the nomin system ha higher rel degre . final , a numer exampl is given to demonstr the propos approach

robust L/sub 2/ disturbance attenuation
nonlinear systems
input dynamical uncertainty
sufficient condition
L/sub 2/ gain performance
input-to-state stable property
design approach
smooth state feedback control law
nominal system
robust control


Hermite interpolation by rotation-invariant spatial Pythagorean-hodograph curves

Abstract: The interpolation of first-order Hermite data by spatial Pythagorean-hodograph curves that exhibit closure under arbitrary 3-dimensional rotations is addressed. The hodographs of such curves correspond to certain combinations of four polynomials, given by Dietz et al. (1993), that admit compact descriptions in terms of quaternions - an instance of the "PH representation map" proposed by Choi et al. (2002). The lowest-order PH curves that interpolate arbitrary first-order spatial Hermite data are quintics. It is shown that, with PH quintics, the quaternion representation yields a reduction of the Hermite interpolation problem to three "simple" quadratic equations in three quaternion unknowns. This system admits a closed-form solution, expressing all PH quintic interpolants to given spatial Hermite data as a two-parameter family. An integral shape measure is invoked to fix these two free parameters

hermit interpol by rotation-invari spatial pythagorean-hodograph curv
 the interpol of first-ord hermit data by spatial pythagorean-hodograph curv that exhibit closur under arbitrari 3-dimension rotat is address . the hodograph of such curv correspond to certain combin of four polynomi , given by dietz et al . ( 1993 ) , that admit compact descript in term of quaternion - an instanc of the " ph represent map " propos by choi et al . ( 2002 ) . the lowest-ord ph curv that interpol arbitrari first-ord spatial hermit data are quintic . it is shown that , with ph quintic , the quaternion represent yield a reduct of the hermit interpol problem to three " simpl " quadrat equat in three quaternion unknown . thi system admit a closed-form solut , express all ph quintic interpol to given spatial hermit data as a two-paramet famili . an integr shape measur is invok to fix these two free paramet

interpolation
first-order Hermite data
polynomials
quaternions
closed-form solution
integral shape measure
spatial Pythagorean hodograph curves


Wired right [accounting]

Abstract: From business intelligence to wireless networking to service providers, here is what you need to know to keep up to speed with a changing landscape

wire right [ account ]
 from busi intellig to wireless network to servic provid , here is what you need to know to keep up to speed with a chang landscap

accounting
business intelligence
wireless networking
service providers


Happily ever after: plateauing as a means for long-term career satisfaction

Abstract: Little did I know when I attended Judith Bardwick's presentation on plateauing at the ALA annual convention in 1988 that it would turn out to be one of the most valuable sessions I would attend at any library conference, since it has enabled me to understand the phenomenon of plateauing and to use the strategies she suggested to rejuvenate my career and personal life continually. Key concepts and solutions from her book and from other literature on plateauing are summarized and examples given as to how I incorporated them into my life

happili ever after : plateau as a mean for long-term career satisfact
 littl did i know when i attend judith bardwick 's present on plateau at the ala annual convent in 1988 that it would turn out to be one of the most valuabl session i would attend at ani librari confer , sinc it ha enabl me to understand the phenomenon of plateau and to use the strategi she suggest to rejuven my career and person life continu . key concept and solut from her book and from other literatur on plateau are summar and exampl given as to how i incorpor them into my life

plateauing
long-term career satisfaction
personal life
librarians


Account aggregation: shaping up portfolios

Abstract: CPA providers of financial planning services are providing clients with a unified view of their investments

account aggreg : shape up portfolio
 cpa provid of financi plan servic are provid client with a unifi view of their invest

account aggregation
financial planning services


Surface textures improve the robustness of stereoscopic depth cues

Abstract: This research develops design recommendations for surface textures (patterns of color on object surfaces) rendered with stereoscopic displays. In 3 method-of-adjustment procedure experiments, 8 participants matched the disparity of a circular probe and a planar stimulus rendered using a single visible edge. The experiments varied stimulus orientation and surface texture. Participants more accurately matched the depth of vertical stimuli than that of horizontal stimuli, consistent with previous studies and existing theory. Participants matched the depth of surfaces with large pixel-to-pixel luminance variations more accurately than they did surfaces with a small pixel-to-pixel luminance variation. Finally, they matched the depth of surfaces with vertical line patterns more accurately than they did surfaces with horizontal-striped texture patterns. These results suggest that designers can enhance depth perception in stereoscopic displays, and also reduce undesirable sensitivity to orientation, by rendering objects with surface textures using large pixel-to-pixel luminance variations

surfac textur improv the robust of stereoscop depth cue
 thi research develop design recommend for surfac textur ( pattern of color on object surfac ) render with stereoscop display . in 3 method-of-adjust procedur experi , 8 particip match the dispar of a circular probe and a planar stimulu render use a singl visibl edg . the experi vari stimulu orient and surfac textur . particip more accur match the depth of vertic stimuli than that of horizont stimuli , consist with previou studi and exist theori . particip match the depth of surfac with larg pixel-to-pixel lumin variat more accur than they did surfac with a small pixel-to-pixel lumin variat . final , they match the depth of surfac with vertic line pattern more accur than they did surfac with horizontal-strip textur pattern . these result suggest that design can enhanc depth percept in stereoscop display , and also reduc undesir sensit to orient , by render object with surfac textur use larg pixel-to-pixel lumin variat

surface textures
surface textures
robustness
stereoscopic depth cues
stereoscopic displays
single visible edge
stimulus orientation
pixel-to-pixel luminance variations
vertical line patterns
horizontal-striped texture patterns
depth perception
circular probe disparity
planar stimulus disparity
surface texture
orientation sensitivity reduction
object rendering


Existence theorems for nonconvex problems of variational calculus

Abstract: A solution to a variational calculus problem is studied under the conditions of integrant convexity. The existence theorem is proved. As an example, a function is given, which satisfies all the conditions of the theorem but is not convex

exist theorem for nonconvex problem of variat calculu
 a solut to a variat calculu problem is studi under the condit of integr convex . the exist theorem is prove . as an exampl , a function is given , which satisfi all the condit of the theorem but is not convex

existence theorems
nonconvex problems
variational calculus
integrant convexity